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ɱԭŮԺߣ΢
游ѧϰҲˣʮ˽˳ƺŵİڴ˴ùں󳵻۳һΪŮıԡԭŮլʧԺ۵ģ
ۼۣ
ǰһһԻһ¥ϰ壬ŴΪ˭֡
ţ
һϵɤΡΡʮӣˡ
¼ҼͽıڣһԶӿյéԺӣһݽӣһȳȵĻƢͷԼһƯĲˡ
Ҳ˰̾˿һʮһ֮֮سҵɡ
Ҵ˹ݴƧһ·ǣŲŷ֣ԭŮ֮õͷɰ봰ǰ¹⣿򲻵ֺͷ֣
ţŶ
ӣҲˣʱ龩ˡ
һĨ죺
ݱǩ    
ؼ֣ǣţٴ  ǣ磬·  
һ仰飺иҵ棿׬Ǯ
⣺ǿϢ澳



1.  һ   Խ

źˮɱ紵ϵƵۣ·ʱһѩ
߿߾һСм̷ȥȥʳ붯Ľ֯γһֹŹֵĳζ
УһԲĴֶһĵڽͷߣ졣һһ˸ߵĳᣬһһߵյȥգŵֻһƾɵĵ£ǰͷקһ˦ȥһҽС

žʱѹġ

İĽֵһȺ·ײƵͲͣŵˡųŹ죬˵ŹŹֵĻֻ㱡һ紵ͷƤ顣

Աɨ˼ۣûɨһȦûеݡ
˶ľŷЩԡ˫ȱˣ֮ǰĳһݡͷһһ˫ֺͷĲЬûϡֺЬ棬ϡľʹϮ̧˫֣ʮָˡ
˷ûа̺Ҳûмӡʱʳָ˺ü̡һӵ֣˫ϸ𪣬ġ

Ⱥͷָָ㡣
Ŵ˸ע⵽ССﻹ߸ˡһؿ档ͬʱһ˫˫аĿڹؿںƨ.ȥģŻ

е˵һԺȻӿİļ䡣

ţҲ˴ˡ游ѧˣʮʦʮժùҴ˴ڡʮӵʮŮBOSSԽˡ

һ

ԭҲаţŵһֲԭǰԭĶŮСڰ̫̫ϥ¡ǰһĵ顣ʮʱĸԶּСסʶּ·ѧʿĵճŮһġɼгϣٳһԵһ·״Ԫ˵һƷھһٻ
ȻһΪŮıԡլġ
Ůǰ磬ǰšϱӡⱲӱһŮˮԺˣصСʱͨװŪŹİϷҲϥ¡

ԴˣʮİԱСһĵðſʼ˱ȽѹĲͨɣϻۣϲʵȡϱӵİţⱲӰĵ顣ʮʱӲŰһȥּСסȽʶ

Ƥ࣬˲¡飬Ⱳӱѹųİſν޹⡣ΪŮ鹢ֱ꣬һԱȣּҵ˶ϲ磬ο·

֪

򼵶ʰõ·ۣҩˡĽּұ緢ֺ󣬱ŭ֮¸ϳּҡڽ߶ұӹߡ
һ·ĳԺһ͵Ҥˡ

С˵ѾߵкΣƾڵƷУڵõ·ҳϿɣ±Ҫ·顣糾
СͱοʹϢǣҲ˵̫̫ʹ֮һ𣬲ȥŮ̫̫ϻģظѾɷ꣺գ︣

ʱ˿̣ӻ˳ϵĲսӣǽҿĻ

һӣ
ԱһۿаţһӣӣҪ

һһͷҰҵϡаŵĲֹһҲͷҰƤٶɱòǮҪˣ

ȻͶࣺǮ
Ⱥһ˺

һ˵Ͳˣȿϵģ

Ǯٶˣ

Ǯ

ֵģճûȡЦ۶ԭ򱾵ˣǷ˿ڵȱ£ԭϺܴܲԴðȥ°ϷϹϺͽÿÿʱ˵ʮá

ۺ첱Ӵ֣һϸƤ˴Ⱥ߳
·˼յüϸƨɲԾؾһҡץźɰ˦˦ȥġͷװĲ֪ͭӻӣ졣һçڵı´յӸǰĿڰת

һսʵ۴̵ðŴ

һʮҶˡ

һ仰羪ף˶ըƨ.ɵöүʲô֣

ҲЦеޱߵһͷöүôˣǮ

ֿ˻ʮֵùشлˡǮ˭׬˭ܱˣҪůѣбԼǮȥ

ϣţӦһתȥӡ

űڵţһĶҪɤ

Ѿܴĵطһ飬˵һСûСȥ֪˱۾ŸԼһҪ侲үүСͽҪһжĽֻҪһ

ʮӣ򡣡һϵͻȻ

׼һһȭҹȥİٿ̧ͷֻȺһСͷָİţʮӣһ򡣡

ŵһ㶣Ťͷȥ

ͷŴľɰӣͷסһݵϺں죬ƤͰ͵ţ촽´ü·óӹòáƺϰ߸˴򽻵ʱվȺм򶨣ȴٲزסֻʺ;ִ١

ƾ㣿öү´ⲻ֪Ķðηηĳҧ۲м

Ϻһͷ
һֲֻڵֲΡΡӡʲôͣһ£̧£һӰеİţƺ

ð죬ҧͳһɺɰңӡ

ӵüͷ

ƳöүЩᡣ¥ˣӴعĹ뱻ȥȻЩģǣһʮɫȥ¶˾ġǮ׬ɵӣһŶʮֻҪɵ֪ѡĸ
ŤһЦϺʮӾһһɲֹʮ

ǮˣϺҧˣҾһӣҲ򡣡

Ŀһ

Ƨԩͷ
Ӽ⡣ĵԼ˵ǸӣԭµطѾǶ졣

ʮӣǴûеĺ¶

ģˣ˵ʮʮٵģҪòʮɱ塭

ͷѺɰ򿪣ﵹ
಻٣ʮ

ǮͺãǮ

˵æšֺڵӣץСƵһץסžͰ˸

䲻ѵһʹ˷׷±꼰㡣ӿûҪˣйûţֹӣϴקؽϵͷǰ

ͷģͰѺɰӡ

ӹɰЦǽһͷϸꡣϺڣǰһƾߣ߰ɣǮܷڵġ 

Ϻ˸ˣöүʮֲṊ̀ӣҲֵá˹һȱ˵ĺܡʣµ߰˸Ҳߣöүҧʮʣ߰˸ﶼˡ

ǮŤƨɾʹһˡ

·Ϻһ䣺

Ϻɪ˺һûֻ֧԰˵һ䡮߰ɡ·ɿȥ

е㸴ӣججģԺֵ֮ļһ
ɶƵػ̫ԭļ䣬ԭ֮糾ԺıҼ
򲻸ʣ糾ԭɲԸһδα¥ǿȹҩȥɫϡ̣󼸴ܣȴδαͬ˹ÿһΣضøҵľأ·עսڼԺΨһĲֻиߵȼԺ͵͵ȼԺ
гһ˵ȥĲʣԹޣȴⲻֻǣͣشŻѲʹֹסҭҭɼʹ磬ȴԼĴϺĿǰ˵õѡ

ŷ·Ƚһ޻ʹϾֱվһ˵·ڣŲ΢յһЩǵȨ

ǰţર˦ŵβͣţ󣬳϶˶ǹʳ죬ɤɺԵ÷·˺һ㣬˵һ仰ܿѪ

ͷӳһͲȰɡ

Žӹһû

Ӹװˮͷɤƣ˵ĻȻǹǻˡԸڣȥٺˮɡ

ûֵȣǾȸҰɡ

䣬űӼڹȥˮ͸ˣȥ͸
ͷˡʵڵתִ淭ҡ˺һӲҳһɫ°ӣݹϰ°ӣů͵úܡ

䣬Űɡ

ˮˣһȻܾӱܵϡ
°ůˡ
߬һԴʹİļͼͣسˢӣеŻֻܴвͣʾԼ侲ֻһһ

ϺĬؽţžһ˦һȥ
űͲĬһͷǵϳûɳƵɤһ䣺һؼң

Ŵ

˳˿ܾһ·

ѩˣߵÿ궬ҪôʮˡӶ࣬ؤҲࡣϺ˵ֲɣζһС߶ɲôߵİ

СȻ󣬵ش߾̶Ӳ٣϶ߵȫǻ¥

ſŻ赹ĳ嶯Ȼţ




2.  ڶ   ֮֮

ţߵڽͨĹŴȻܺõĽͨߡ֨ѽ֨ѽߵһӣһյԺǰͣţŵΧԺž֨ѽһƿһݽ̫̫ˮͷôôòŻأ

䣬Ƴţͷ˸ˣ죺ļҵĹ

ſ˳־ˡ

ͷ̾˿⿪ǵشţȥҲʮжˡ

һŤͷϸš
Ŵʱģʵ˵ÿһͷڷôԴϡǼûϴ۹˶ֺס֮ûԹʲôĶݵþ͸һԴشڲϣ촽ɵóѪôһŶܸоƤһ紵ܹܡһԱֺ̭֮ᡣ

ģƲϰδڣ֮źϺ

ѰʮͳɼңЩ˻¡ͱʹЩӹֲãƸ˼ҵġϺ̹ܣžžûʯȼ룬ȥ˼ȥļҿԸˣ϶ʮ鲻Ĺӡ

ӵĻ¶ϷһĲˡ˼Һʮɻ飬ʮ߰꺢Ӿܡʮˣ˵˶ûС
ܡϷôҲ˼ң˼˭ϱ
ǷƷòӲãôҲ˵ù

Ϻҡҡͷ²ϡ

˵ģһ·ϻصҴ壬ʶһһֱţԺӣϺӵŷ·ƮȻԶȥһͷԽ˳׵ĺڰ֮С

ѣѾϺ

ıХһĴ졣ӵڿϣһյҡεĵƻ񡣸˼켸ҹѾʶԼԽʵɹİϰǴصĳУһС˵³ҵǡ

ڵ⻧˼շԭ򷽼Ҵһ֮ҡûԭС˵Ǹʲôڣعԭϱӵļ䣬û⻧˼ҵġ
ŵĳָıԭļԭǰӦϱ¥µģȥȹġȴŲȷǲǺõĸı䡣⼸췽²չոû˵Ĳ

ɫԼ˵

Ƿӡ
һۣվűߣͷվŰ׳׳¸ˡû˵ľѣ˵ָֻŵġ

׳һˣô£ϷҵֵܽôϹͷŽ£˲Լˡ׳ϱ㲻ǲãĲˣǾǴ峤˵áһı˵ǸôԼˣɾ㲻ˣ

ǰֽǴⶼ֪ġŲˣŲԼˣ
ԱһҲðй򵽴˰ȥҸɻ˻֣ȥʡ¶˵ò£ͷѵĺã

ɫÿκǸ챿ġ˴ϱµ˵

˵ˣ۰Сⲻ쾭¶ҵҵʱǱ˿ġ˵ٴϯҲܸ

ͷ˵ʲôû塣ſžһ죬ǶϱЦ뿪

Ӱ̾ذŹϡ

ԶԶģһҾϷһĶӡǷˣϷڷҴ˶Ĵ塣ֵ߸Ϻ϶Թм鶼ôغ񡣷ϺҲǣʱϾֳ·׵ܣڼҾһͷɻϻţ
ʮǰ͢ϷҪˡֳ˽ҪĲȥܵСԲÿ࣬ҲȥһҧӦĸѾս

ͷʮ̣һȣű͢ЩǲɢǮžӪ硣
صʱѲˣֵܽط˼ҡϺͻȻԵֻʮǰȥأжʮͯûϵֳһָ
ϷҲʲô˼ңʵҲе㱡򲻻Ӷ顣ֻϷһͱϷָɸɾϺ˵סӶûСֵܽòû׵ܵܶһȣǧָ겻ТĸŴӷϺӡ

˻ԣϺǶغսɱЩҲмѪԡʱͱֵܽҪǮġһ֮¸˹ϵɽԼ˸Ժӡ
Ϻһľգƽ˴ҾǮǾӪĳʮֻʱʱӵϯáûҲȥ

ʮסڴβ˵ԶܹһסšҴô󣬷ֵܽþ̧ͷͷ

ֱſһǳһԺȥתֻ˿ϡ

Ŀ͸ƴӷԺ￴ͷѾһסһô֦Ҷïǽͷһھڱһ˩ӵľͰԵѾһѩ

Ժյģٿݣͽıڡ

ƶ񤣬ʳ˼ձ鶼ϷˣöڼҪ˸ҩӣӹĿԣϻȥϣҩӵҩˡϺȥҩ˳붬ʳʹС

һȥͿˣϺӱǾŵˡ
·֣ǹҪѰ
ź˶еļҵǵģʮӣǷеļҵΪҩϺϷһ˳ԷǮϡһʱȫ˰ŵϡؼһǮʣӲŴѩصļҪϯ档

òʵˣ϶ǮԱҪϯ档˵ԱƢԲã޵ĺܣǮǳĴ󷿡úãܵʮģ˵ϯġⲻӲŽ˻ķҴ󲮾ʹϱռôˡ

̾˿һڣӽѾˣȥ÷

Щӵչˣӻָ˲١յദҲ׽

һѣƲƣٸɾϸϸϴ˸裬ɫưӳŶ˸ˡ

һͷ˳ˣʪյںͷһŰС¶ͷѩ˼ֵİƤ쵰Ҷüͷľڡ˼µĿ࣬ϵΡճ˶ֺףһ˫۾ڰƴСϳĵмֺˡ

Ƴһû˵ʲôӾͳȥˡ

˻һϡ

ϷҺöˣһֱﲡšòˣҲָɻСССںȣſھ֣

˵ʵ֮ԥһ£ҡҡͷ
˵ѣЩ¸˵Ҳ޼¡ԭԺججЩ衣ң˵ּģЩʲô˶ģģ

ǲûϵ䵽Ǽ˴ѡд󸣡𿴷ݹ꣬Ƥġȴ˵һڹٻֵҶӹǵЩȴǲġ

û˵

ҲûȰʲô꣬˿ȥ

ˣϺӣԼšǸνɷû¶棬˵Ӳãַˡ÷˹˲Լһڶݴš

°иæһ䣺׵ʱ߶ǰһ˵㲻˸ʶְֽ֣ꡣö࣬ҲΪչ˼壬д󲡣㰲ġ

ŵͷ˳Ĭس극

԰Ҳʰϴ롣ϺҲû˵ʲôֻݣԼŹưȥ˺վſڿһѵıӰԶȥ·𿴵үүЩζתݣںڰɵ˿ϡ
һϵıѾĿǰܻõõŽǿԼ˯š

Խһ⣬ȻݣȴûѰ׵Ĵ㡣
һѰѶ̫е̲һ·֤Լİȫȷ̫࣬ȷ᲻ٸֵ״ϾԭһټҵŮ磬ûè尲Ŷš
ȻӳҲǸõѡԭôΣδζؼԺҵһαһεͣŲԼԭˡܱϺѾһ֮ϲֽҷڶεĿԺܵ͡ﲻһû뵽Ҳн졣

ˣ֮֮ˣžͻǸš

ˣ۾˯ȥ




3.     һ

ѩ¼գ˸
һ磬ŴҾĵġԺѾʰûƼˣھøȥ˺ϵĻϨźࡣζ͸Ӵǰ˹ǣͷһ˺ֵɡҲû÷ʲô³ȥˡ

ŴĴ߶е޵ġСʱҲүүʱЩˮ̨Ҳ˸ưȡЩˮȥϴ

Ĺһ

ţζѬ㶼ˡ

Ȼΰٲ԰γĽ񱵽˹ŴȻҩˡſЦһ
ԭݻɾҽĵŮȻþϸûϸϴŽüȷûгζ˲Űġ

Ժſڴ˶Ϸˣһȥɽϼ񿳲

һĲӣϲ˲ÿһ磬ϷȥɽƼſվţźһϺһȳһյ߹

ӸںͷԶƳž˵һ䣺ôͷվţ
Ϻȳߵһһ͵ģĲһһ¡ȻȽŲ㣬ߵòЩȥɣͷ캮ضġû͸ͱͷ˷硣һȥԱϯ棬¿ȥҩ㿴

֪ǸδıɷҩһͶϲˣǵͷ

ʵе㲻ģϾǼҩҩܽģ˻ҩԡžһû¹ӡԱҵϯ治ƣ˺ô󹦷ġ񷽼ҵļҵױϺ˾⣬Ȼû˵ʲôҹȴȥ˯š
Լȥ׬ЩȵؽЩʳ꣬һĿȫ硣

ˣ

ϺȥŲ𣬰ž淽ȥ˺
˵ҲԣϵļһﻹͦȫӿǮЩܽݵڴСյ߹ޡ

ҩмҩ߹ޣר˸С¯ӡ

ָʹŰϴ߹ޣҩġһҩҪȽݰСʱһСʱˮҪȫûҩġһءҲǾԣҩԻ÷֡ҵҩҪصġμҩҺҪ˹ϣηõġ
°żǲס˵һ鲻ü⡣ŶĲŷһͣʱԺҩ

ʡġ

̻˰ţµ¶ʳûþʹҴҾˡ

ϺźòҲȥϡûǮ˵ӻţһ֮ϺҲšǵʳʲôһ죬Ÿҩӣû˯šǰü˼Ҵ˼ҾߣǮûᡣҴҳھȥҪǮˡ

˰Сȣ¯ൽſڿʼҩ

ߵ䣬䡣¯ӱϻţֺͷҲۡ˶ţЬһ󶴡ֺ׵Ľֺͷͷۡͷ֪ʱֿʼѩѩӴľɳɳ졣¯ϵˮ뵵ðü۶Щģ
Ǽ˵һأ˲˹һء˭ԼһƬĶԭһγۿôһ硣
ȻǸģʱŶٿס

ˣ׼һѾңҪ̫δ̰ġ

ˮ˹˵ţûһͼˡ
Ŵӹȡרŵҩ룬һء˹Ļ϶˳һȥݡ

˵ȻԺȴܴ󡣴Ӻݣ˺һͷԵʣδν๫ҩվݵǰŻδ͸оһˡ¶ӰȥǴ絽̿衣

̧¡

ԺӣӦһĬ

˻ͷûжĵò˻˯ûѣ£ͷһӵɤ
ɤöɽȪʯ⧲ضһ¡

źðסĳ嶯Žȥ

Ŵ򿪣ֻһµŰɰӶǰţսӣ·һ繵ϡ
˼Ϊᣬʮ£һ˫ĳ۾Ϣ·İѩ͸䵭ڷУһɵ˿šһ֪ʲô鼮ݳָѩҪסſڵĶ̧ɨ

ѻƵ۽ް븲۽ڸͦıһߡɫܵīˮȾϴ崦д顣ʹݳɵǽª˹Ͱʶĥѿ˲Ѷסͨʱ˵Ľʡ
ֻһ棬ڵĹ˰ľޡ

ľˣˡ

ðΣԥػһ

ƫֵʾһ仰ˮΪɫΪǡ

£

ҩһе̡ԭΪԼѪùǱ˵ѪùԼ׵ģһ˵顣

˵ͷͷǰɣл

ֵͷȥ﷭һƾɵ飬ָⱻĹյ͸˵ûر̬ȣظܵ˵䵭

еŤû뿪ʣĸ񣿡

۽΢΢һ̧ؿͫɫ峺꣬ȴһɱĳƺ찲Ż˶٣ٴٴֹ񡣡

Ŷɽ֮ʯԹ񣬾Ȼȡ֡

︴ְ

ſ˿ָͷüͷôᡣ

ãǼûߣںе飺ʲôô

֪ĵһʲô𣿡

Ϊһ㶣۽޻գһ¡һ˫۾·ǹת̬˵Ĵݡŵģе飬Ȼ֪ġ
֪Ӳáܻ꣬򶼲Ҷ϶ƽˮʵ˵ҴȢ޵Ĵ㡣

ܺãˡˣһڷס𣿡

Ȼ̯е飬˵ûȥֻڷסűǡص𣬴ѰʵʱֻŮ

û˵

ĬƬ̣ҲܸɴصͷУСڴȶлˡ

ϵܹüͷһɫ˫۾ش˰ţ亮׵̬ȴ̹ﵹм졣ǵͷȥɡ

Ƚҩˣ˳ֽȥ

ܹ䵽ҩϣ΢΢һڰſ˲䣬ֶҩ룬һ¡ľǰӹ룬֮ǰ˳㽫ǺҲߡ

Ҳ˵ܹൽŤŤͷȱˮǸζȴҲ˵ų˶ݣײԺ֨ѽһͷײ

Ϻͷ󺹣ŸˣӸ󼱺ؾʹһԺһ߾ͺ죬ûˣ֣ˤˣ

ᶫûţҴҳȥͿһҰ׵صڷϺıϡ
һŵѪ;ݣڷϺֻʣһСѡ᾵ĹͷӶסŸϽȥӿϥ˺ôһ飬һ׵ϸߣ˿˿ѪϺȽŲãһǳһţᶼۿת

Ż֪ʲô¡

ְ˽ŵأҳһšǱ֨ѽһܹҲˡ˭Ҳûע⵽һɤŵ˴ȾͺƾǷϸɵģȻطǰųȥϱ͸ȥΪǼǮϱɥģ

Ϻţϥϵֶڷ

ǣӺĴӣǻʹ۶ΪԼƵһûƼýŵİǣҲ÷ʲôΪǷŮߵؾһ˵

ԭշӰǰ˵õȥϯ档ǰûѵǶϱֻܴϱȥҰ
ϱһ·Ҳ֣µȻֽţ·Ͼָϱ¶
ȼ˵Ҳ֪Ա⸮ǳǮҳϯ档سǵĴүߵĵһɫãͺһڳԵġҵĹܼҵ˵˵ˣֻҪϯúãͶӣһһġ

ܼҶӺ˼Ա⸮صϯ֣أ˵Ҫ·ҴģİʮշһѺ֡һģɲǶ궯
Ǵ󷿵ϱ޲ռλáҹܼ׼˷ӣη˵ƤӿԼϱպöûйܼҸı⡣

һӣϯ˭ǵ˭ȥڷӶһ˳ȥϴĹ򣬾ͳ¡ڱϲ֪˭һưˮ˱һͷھϣͷѪܹȥڱϾͻķӺͿڿ˵Լûϵķϱ

ų˲עһ·ӵĹͷʱ˿û˵ͷ

һ·Ҳˡ
շ¾۾

ΧȥһʣȻǶϱƵġϺݺᣬûãסӲŽô۸ڿɫɷףȴοϺ»ʲôƣˡͷˡ

ȰأϷϥõһĶӡ˶ڣһӺĸָǼҳʲô޴ǶϱΣӡҵ󷽣ֻҪϯĲ̫һҲǴ󼸵Ǯ캮ضĿô

ϺȥһˣҲûֻ

ʱڴرžžવسẓ́ҲǳһƬ

˵˵䣬⵽˼ҵ¡ˣҲûȥͼ˳ȥ͵ſڲźסˡ

֪£ϯ˭

һ㶣˶٣ܼҹƴʣµͷɡС֪ﲻޣҵϯҪúܣ¹شСܲ뾩ˡܼҿɲҵ¶

ŵͷ¶ơ

һ䣬ĿǻɵĿûѰŴ̴
´˰ţݹһС첲Ȳϸһ˫ִڸ۵þ͸ûùƵġϸ첲ϸȶܶ˵ףһðˣͷһͷԽȥ˵Сϱϯɲ档ܲɡ

һˡŶ۾ƶĻá




4.     Ȼһ˽㳢?

ӵʮ綼ġСĿȾҲ
ֵʵڿһӿ̲סͰһ䣺ʹȥܲһܼơܲãҽйܼ

һԱҵļӡԱź˵ڹܼҸǰܵá
ͷӻһʵ˱۸ͬʱҲȷʵͬеȰһȰ˳ھʹӦˣңһܼ˵˵顣ܲùܼ㣬ı¡ϯɲһ׮С¶¹شǰ̣ǧܳ©ҶҪԹ䣡

һϲ֤ģҲ

֮ǰŤͷ䲻ƼԺͷվ˸ˣһֻŰɵİӣͷЩѩѩһֱѩУ·ɡ

һʣܹʵˣ

վ࣬û˵ӾȽ˲磺ҵ죬ǷҵĶӣ

һ˫˫ǵ۾ܹó档СطûÿˣӴӴҵθⳤøƵġҸ˵ûʲô¶ˤһӿĵԴˡѾˣֻܺúţض¡

֪ˣܹڷӷŷӱ̧վšӱɫѾࡣлӣؿһת˶ݡ

ӶıӰδջĿԺæкߡ

ʱܸϡţϺһʱҲڲշְŲˡӴŰߵͷɴҵȥϾʹ˸㳵

ҴҵԱĸϣ˻𼱻ǵسӾʹҴȥ

Ӵι裬ȥĶˣû׵ģҪַˣק˵ƵģܼںǶأʷȥĶˣ

ܼôˣ
Ǻ裬һСĲһСȻ㲻ô£˵е·ӳ¶⣬ײŴֽȥ˴򡣺ͷײķϺ˺ͷҴһ˵¶
ܼҶˣȻˣʲôѹܼҶ

˵ľǺһջӣ֪ôࡣƽֻȻġæһסǰͷ裺ϽɿЩɣܼҾ㣬ô£

˲ҴҾͳǰͷ

ʱͿϯʲôʱˣ¶ܼҼӴת죡

˵ţһȺ˾ʹС·ȥС

ѾİұĴǼվһһͷԵѻȸɫڵñǹ׻ˣ񣬺޲ðЩ˶̻ˡ뿪ãϯķӾѪر̧ȥ
Щ˽˵ǷԼˤģһֶš

ܼҴլҲʮ꣬˾ֶα˿ɶöࡣغãöﾮʪ˭׽˲СĲˤӣܼⰲѾͷɨⶬûˤܷһͲھڱϣ
ۿȺģýź붼֪йȲ˵ΪǵǮֵH£˵ϯ˭ˣһӲ˻ģֻܼҪһ뵽һϯϲ˲ˣǰ̲סһ󷢺ڡ

ҹʲôɣ˭õǮ

ҪǰЩȥûϯ档ܼҺ޲ùӽȺȫȥ

ҵĳվһԣ˫ֱأ²ؼԴ֪ҾصϯͷĳͷͱһͨڡҸҲ꣬ķҲû˵áôæϯˣصȥͷҸǿ
룬ȴ˵ϾǵҸɻ˺ûȥĶңʱϯɣȻǸ˻

ܼһͨѻȸԭȻһߴߴĸǴʱһηηģԴӹܼҡ

ܼһȺ˵Ӿ֪ʲʱ׷ʵ˭ڱɵЩ¶Ӹ׷ǹʵģûǸйΪһںԼĲ¡ϯҪǳ˲ӣΣ¶ܶ
Ҫô̧ҪôͷĴɷһͷѪģ̧Ҳ¶ȥͷѰ˰ɣƧľ¥ûУȥĶҴ

˼ȥֻһӡʣµȺѡһ

һܼѪӿӲͷƤʣͷ˭ϯģ

Ȼܼһ仰ʳͷüüɫ裬ǷҴ󷿵ϱ׳ǰس嵽ܼҵĸǰ˵Լϯ档
ϰԲ׳ɤţһ֮˶ƵͷܼңҼϱû˵ᣬʵǼʮϻͷæ޵ҼЩ꣬Ҷϱʮ˼ϯ棬Ǵ⻹Сˣ

ϯ˭һʮµĸ˾Ͳˣɻģ˭ûϯ棿

԰һҴʲôͳͳʮˡ˵һմ״ʵģæǵϯʲô£һⶼԲӣˣ⵽ˡһʮµϸվܼңϲܼҵĿǸ򳤼æ˵ģүʲôһ

ȥȢϱðɣϯȥæģ

㣬͵ôһص¡

һڣض

ܼû취Щ˶ͨ˿ڿഫģʲô£ҲһȺų嵽ǰͷ˵Լϯ档ļٵģǾһ˵

ɣһһ˳
ҺҲҲࡣܼʵû룬ֻӣҳζúõģϯͽ

һ仰ǶֻˡǱͬ鷽ӱ˺ģﶼƵúáҪһ£Ⱥ¶ֲͷϡ
ţæͿʼˡ
ʲôɵĳʳһԼǶǴͷһһȻЩǻֵСԵġһʱ䣬ͨҴ󷿵ϱ˵ʵе㱾¡һȺͷø͡

ðζһ𣬱Ǻˡ

ܼɫÿЩв˵ļ̲סżֱںͷ˼ȹϵϡ˳ӺüۣӾЦŲ֡ôһ£ֻܰ̾

ۿһ˳һ˫Ӿÿһ߶һӣζ
࣬˱ͲΪܶԵ㷹һ˶ĺ̡ܼһԹȥ̵ﶼࡣֱҴϱɫźÿһЩ

ζȻûǿ٣ʤɫÿôһӶ˳ȥϵ̨ġ

ܼüͷôᣬ˵ζֻҵúһ㡣˵˳Եɽ亣ζȳʳܲ˵ۡǲĵؽĿͶҵĳӡq(s^t)rһתȥˡܼ˵Ļ˵û˵Ļᶼܼҡ

ܼû취̾˿νǲȻϯͽ

δ˵꣬ӴŰŸϵſڣӵŮϯ档

ɤһ仰ʹ˹ܼҡ

Ȳ˵һ仰˴ϱĶӺò£ϱɫжѿüۣû׷ӵŮĸӡѾ첽ߵܼҵĸǰ˸ܼ졣˹ܼҵĻܼҲûֻŤͷͿվŵİš
ȥһȥ˵

ܼ˵Ƿӽ̳ģǰݰͰ͵Сüۡϸ첲ϸȵģòҪ˵һֺòˣôЩš˵ĵòŰɵʰţϯ棿

վһԣ鲻ηҲֱ

ܼҲмʶ˵ˡ´˰ţʣЩˣֲмĿسǵĴϯҲнġ

룬ܼҿ֪Ǻδʿ

ηʿ

һʿζ嵭Աһ˿ζƫءÿط˶вͬƫáŲ꣬˵Ҳ˹һڹǻ֪ˣ׼ζ

⻰˵ĽˣôϷҪôҪôҪô˭ù˼ʲôζۿŹܼһüͷ֪¶һ롣һ۰ţ򶨣˵󻰡·ֻҪ֪ʲôζʲôζƵġ

ܼû˵ԥǰС̫СˣӵĻǵþϵźá

飺һ˽ǳ




5.     ͷ

ͷűȽϹһҴϱŹܼҷأͻȻͲ˵ˡͼ˰Сָһλãæ

һȺϢİǲԣͿݲСأȥͷϵĲ˵˵ߣĿɨ
Աһĸˣ˵ⶼԭȥϵСƷʳȻȽȫٶԱȷҺ֣ʮָԣݳˡ

յʳϾ߶ʹ١λֱ߾һѾĺۣɶӣɻ׺кõĴн䡣νҲڷƿƿ޹ްһ𡣰ɻĿ´һһš
ص㳢˳׺ͽ͡ײ֪ôģζܾޡ;Ͳ˼ʡ

ſ˲Ϸ۶ֳɵģǾۡ

ͷϵĻŵġջҵˣܼҵɫ¡Ҩһưͣһͽڹ»͸ɻƶ
һ׵ܼͣһû˵ʲôأһ˵۵ֱ顣
һϸƹܼڣ֪ĻſھָŴִţСҼҵĲ¾ͱܣϯһû¶Сģһͽȥöǰɡ

űָúЦû
ֻȵ˵ߣȻץԱһͷžȥǵֳŵϸһ˸͵ؾ
Ƕ÷·ɻƶըɫðһ©ףըõĶ̳ʢһ͹⣬Ρ

Ȳ˵ζΣб˵ɺܻסˡ

ǲĿʲôһֹըֲʲô¶ͷ˭ը
ҴϱŰ񣬺޲ð̴Ҫⲻ֪ĶðСѾͷƬӴܼҶȻϯĺò½ˣ
ӵǮϱèצƵܡŸղ˵ʲôҴӵŮҴ弸ӣò˵Ƕȳ϶ɣղ費ͶӻطҴ塣϶ҾһӶӣŮ
ŤͷһţҲںɡ

Ƴ۴ϱ˵Ϻݺһ塣ǸһջصĴ

۽ľһһͷû˳ԣƻûж˵ϡԭƫƧ˵ѩҲص磬ȥҲһС
ûǡⶫҲζΪζܳùһ¡ӽζʣ׻װ˵ɵСϺסץһѣһưͽȥ̼ζٵζ˲ڳ

ζȻĴ̼ٽըõĻɻƶȥ˵׺

Ų̾꽴Ͷ罷Ǵ˵꣬ǵײ˼ˮˣºۡʱȣֻһ롣һСѣ
װһ룬ӽȥһڵ۾Ͷ˵ܼҵĸǰ



ܼζ̲סʿˮ

Ա߰һʿˮһ߻ţҴϱࡣ߹һ䣺ʲôڲģҲܳԣ

û˺ͣɫȷʵÿʲôˣһ츳ܽʳζŵĻƽ֡ζ˹Ƶģֱˮܼһͷһµһɶصζ

ܼɫʱͱˣ·иƵĺؾС˶ǡɻƶըִ࣬ŴŴĺУζ㡣

ˡ죬ܼŻȵθ㡣
˵뵽һ£ǱˣҲ߳ȥ
û뵽ѾͷݰͰ͵ģȻաϯû⣬ܼŵĶʱͷ˵ǰͷҪǸˣԱǱԼȥк𣡡

ŵͷȻ

ֵĲ¾ôһ۵ĹˣҴ󷿵ϱʱͲˡ
ڷҴϰˣ¾ܼ֡˭ټҴլѵһӣͺɾ͹ѩҲѵҲ

ɻô˵İܼңɫڨڨ㷽ŲǳҼϱĲˣպǳģղҲ˵á

Һʱ˵ˣͷνϱĻûҼúãϯ棿ܼһͷһ˵ԻģҪɸɣɾ

ϱû뵽ᱻܼһ䣬ͷĻҭˡ

ܼҼͷ˹뵽ӳ¶ЩиڣСָڳ̣ûϯ档
۾棺ҳ˵ǰͷϯĹ˳ԵġǵŪ˵ı¾ͱ̨׳ˣǣҪ˹ˣ˭ҲȲ㣡ϯ͸˭ٸұСǶӳȥ

ۿţӲóһＹ⡣

˿ζأŴˡȻ˳ȴҲԵĲϵᡣҲ˾ƫ˺ͻղˣ˵ĻǴСġ
˴ϵԡ
ΪҴЩҰһЩɽӡСĢٶһˣ⡣ΣʡЩɫ˵ķ˶ԹˣʵûСǹ䴴Թ̨ѧ孳ʦ֣֮֡
ˣܹͳһȫĿζζȻб֤ġ

ţŴӿȡ˿

֮䣬뵵üºֺ̣͡ÿ׼ϣʼˮۡ˵ˮۣʵۣۻ׵ۡͷ˵ˮɿؽɺ״
һſӽеôСһµƬֱӵը

⽲ľըĻըĺۣĲþһ⡣ͨը飬һը죬ըɫԺ̳ȡⷴĳ򿴵զࡣһ԰ĸ̲סֹô鷳ģ

˼ҹܼҲ鷳Ҳֹֻ

˵ͣΡ͡ǡףˮ۵ȣͳ֭õĴ֭ϣӵϾơͷûбϾƵġ˵ϾƣʵǻƾơҨһӾƼӽȥ쳴һζ˲ŷ
ֱ֭֭վתϵĴ˿˿ܲ˿ȥٷ£˿մЩ֭ˮžӨ͸ʢ̡

⡣

⣿û

һ԰˶ɵˣˣǴʦͨЩԹԵģʱһֹܳȥҳӲ֪ʱ˾վ̨ϣɴ۾ŰһϰȻһһˡ

Žһӿ棬סһӹ⡣

ʱһһϯϲֻСǵˡİ࣬ŷǳȻؾָʹ£棬ЩжΣгɿ顣нϣĩ

һ£ٰ²Ծضȥɻˡ

æһѹôһСѾͷָʹĨ棬ʶܼһһԲ۵׶ţǾñҲֻܼɡ

¼̨ãԤһˡԷȻֿ񣬵ζʮʺ϶գҵĿζ

ԤʮˣʮȫʮĵС磬ˡټһһ㡣ʱںͷƼһ㣬ͦһͷ

Ƚͷϣ߼ͬʱܿһϯγ

һͷصͷҪԹģһ㶼ȡһ׼һõС¯ӣͷʢɰС߳Աš

һʱ಻١Ǳ˸ʣеĲɫպóܼһͷ亹³һæָʹ˵ѾͷǸϽͣЩ˶ǸõģڵġǽŵƤϽ͹ȥɱвˣɢζ

ʮ˶ȥŲ˲ָЪһ

ͬʱǱߣһ̾µĲƷЩûôĲɫ˵ƧȻԱⱾ˶Щȡ

ĶˣʵǺζںϺĸϵĳڸкζḻɫҲȲ˵ɫϲˣһһ㡣һͷһζûУûбġ

Ȳ˵ζͷԱɫһ䣺ô£ûˣôͷ

ͷ㶼ٳԣͷˡ㣬Ҳġ˼Ϳٿһͷ

һ˵ţһ͵ɫøϵȥ

ȻǸóԵģԵö࣬Ȼ֪㲻óԡͷ½ĺ٣㣬úһζͷȻûſмģС¯ӻʢɰ๾ط

Ա˽ͷȥͼһӾȥ




6.     ӣа취

Ϊһңûٳʳ²ȥֵʱ
ϯϳֵĲɫζˮҪǺܽģζһڶϡ۵ĶûŨ֭ŷˡ
Ȼһڶڣֱӻͷϡ
ۡʡ̵̵ն˶᲻£ظȥ

֣úܣ

͸óԿڹ̵ĳʳȲ˵ζжһȥ̹

Сţɰðݡںһ飬ʵѾζõһûζһڡеģʵû̵ͷ˶ףһӱ㳢ͷ⡣
ϸ޴̣ôãζȫͷԵ۵ö࣡
ȫûζ۾Źˡζ½ٳԹһ㡣ô飬һӳζϽһӡ

һԱ״졣ԥԥҲ˿춹
ⶹһ̵ͷζըͷƾ᲻¡ٽȥθ

ͷյúãյúð

ǰԹôҾ磬⻹ͷһسԵ㡣֪һ˺㣬ЩԵĺóղһζôϲ㣿ˣ㲻óԣǳӲƣλյģǺհ

Աãϯ¶ǺլһֲٳֵġʣȻȥʡ

ܼҾͷţ͸˻ػҴβķӵŮ

Ա֪ʲôҴβӣ˸շ˹ܼҼڡæһӣңϯúãͣ

˵ŻǱֳһڹ⡣

ЩͷÿġͷͳζǶ̿ڵģд飬˳Ը񫡣ζʵͷһسԡһزζã׵ζ㣬۵ľ۾ˡ

ԱæкԺúȺá

һϯҴŮ¶ȻڴӦԱϲԽ˸̵һ仰ʲôӵģֻصͣ

űںϢܼҴŴ̵;͹ˡԭ˵ϯƯӲ
ܼҵ̬ҲǴת䣬һٷ˹үǸ

Ǳͳ´ѩ·ߣ˳
һӰһţ۾̵ġ

ϱ˺һŵһĵǮϱ֣ܼҾһҪͻļơһðĳҧһһĲûѾͷƬӽ֣Ӿǵģ

˳Ҿβڰŵ

ûŻȥ̧۴ѩóʽȥϵҽһˡ

ˤǸģȻû˵׵ǣҲʵ˵òᡣʹˣָﻹаˡϺͿռҵ׾һŲĹεˣЩһˡ

ֻǰ컹ûڡϴϵðţȴ˵ҴβȳȷľŷǲӵĶӣϺҽץҩö࣬ϴҲ֪˵״ӹĿ࣬һӶץҩˡ
֮ǰȥľң֪ϷһӡƳ˰źüۣûǷľҵ˭ҪҲû˵ʲôҩţ

ţƵҴߡϵҴһߵ·ӭŷѩһǳһżȥĴϱƳţüۣ۳ţķǷҴ塣ѾͷȥҴʲôҴʮˣҼһ˭һûѾͷ

ͻȻ֮תǰЩʱ϶Ҵ˸ϱѾͷò϶Ķϱɣ

ôţţβ϶ȥһѪҭǰ

ðϣˣ
ϷֱǰŲŰͳңžⲻ֪ĶH£ϱӷˣ۸Ҵˣ

ϵϱҲǷҲò᣺أɲܾôˣ

ðɵģ˲ӿ첽ӡ
ǸϵպϰԺϺ˵Ȼⷽ϶Ĺһ˷ѾͷƬӣȻ϶޸Ĺ

ĸε˻ûգ

Ժǽϲվ
ǲʡĵϱϰǻһһ͵ģ˵ñ˲ðϣǼŸϱǰɣҴ󷿵ͷڵĲӻûꡣôӣָҼҴ˨ˤ裡

ľǸģЩ꼴ֵַҲһġ
ôã˰û顣ΪԽԽңԽԽ𣬾ԽԴ裬ⶼſ뵽ӻʱǸģҪ󣬵ܾôˤ

ͷϼɤŻڽϺһĻһ¾ˡ

һվǽǵĸͷͼҴҵſڳȥ

ͷĭɣ䲻϶ŸͷͳƽľګһɭɭģģҪɱˡʱ϶Ϲսģɱ˵ġ

¶˲ˤӣתȾܡ

ܵ÷ɿ죬ϸţֻּܵš·ϻѩػصزȳŢһ·ܾһ·ˤҲ˵ܻؼʱˤøƵģ˵ľ˷Ϸϡ۵һأһƨϾͿ

һţǵ۾Ѫ죬ݺᡣ

֪ڿʲôҲǿЩι˹ǿ޷Ӹһӵί

һԲ֪οοֻܷȻȥ

ϴ淽簲룬Ȼû˵ͷȻаˡˣ˼ҿһӣϴССĲ١ʲôҪĲҪġ˵ףԲããۣίȻġ

Ѫ飬Ƣθᡣϴͽıڵķ̾Ȳ˵ҩӳʳò

ʲôԼԼ

㲻մȣȽȻûϴҲ˵ЩΪ˵Ļӹòãֻܽ飬ͷѼһŵٲˡʮ£ˮˮҲøϡҩұͲˣЩҩĹúܣһԾͲͣ

⻰ķϺһͣɫȻ
˵ˣ˵ؽǼʳһİײˣͺӽˡһ굽ͷĿԵúõʱǼɡһȥܶһ첻ӡ

ȻϴĻһ䣬Էͷþû

ãϴһ̾ϢϺſվ˰죬һҧš

ҩɡ

˵ĲǷϺǲ֪ʱվܹϻǼɵưӣɫѩףҵҩͲرˡʡǮﲹӰɡ

ЩҩıβãٶĲҩȥҲǵŰˡ
ܹΣϺڻҰԭо֮ڣͷֱھչţһ۰Ƿ࣬ǣʵǹⲻȥҲǡ

סڣϺ᲻᲻öӣòһġ

Ĩۣ˵˵ͳȥһɵĻǮûᡣֻ̽ͺˣֻ򼦵

ʵȥŷϺȽݾʹӶץӳ

ӣ򾡹ץҩ

Ȳ˵ó˶ˡվſڵܹصؿһ̧ȣص߽ò˵е˾ƾһԼǾһЦªҡŷϺץӵģĲҩ취

ĶӣˤڴϾͼˡ

ųȥһ˵¶Ӳô£Ϻһ£ȵͬʱҲôʳ

ǳӴңСѧġ

˱ϾӣҲûƭˡϺ˫ֻǾþ졣

ȻץҩȻҪץġذ˼ϴٵô󼸰ٵͭϴһʵ࣬𡣵ⲹҩǮˣϾҩõҩġҩҲҪġ

ϴд˷ӵݸţȥҩá

ҴſЩͷϴһֲ˵ϴҲǻһӵˣٲ˼ҵ顣سʱһҳƲҵ̲ס˵һ䣺˰̫ʵƱۡǹҲ໥ġ

Ϻһ仰˵۾ֺˡ




7.     ϯ棿ʲô˲𡭡

ϴĻŻһҹû˯ϺڿϷȥ룬ⱲϾֳ¹׵ܡмҲչ˵Ķչˣôίȫ׵õʲô

ϴһû˿궼ָűܵЩ²ڳǮʱǵٳʲôǴû硣Լһ½ֵܽã˿ϰһӵĿױӹߣֻ˸ָűաϺʣൽĿϡ

һһûȥаţţȥϡ

űһȥϺѾˡоͼˣһӣԷ߷˵Ǿôˣ˵öһ졣˵ھӵİһ˶µȥƣﻹָھӣ

СԺɽͷ߼ɽС
ƽش˳˼ˣŻɽûߡҹѩһصİףӡûСųĹһ˽ϵưȥˮ󷹡

Ϻˣһ쵽ϣδģư軹ûЬžžવػصߡ˾ţ֮ŴһСͰˮھݴʱݵĴˣڶĴһӨ

ܹɫո԰ˡǼ಼ӣڷڣγǳ밲Ŷһۣͷһʧڴڡ

֨ѽһ򿪣Ϣؾߵ˰ŸǰˮͰȿȣᵽĶ

һһɱѩϢ

䲻رһȻµشһܹˣɵɴ۾ļһȻöˮͰ

Ȼû˵ܹȴˣҺôǸˡ

Ŷ

ģعһ䣬ԼûԼ˵ʲôⲡӾȻˣҲģﲻԸЩ

ţŶˮͰൽȥˮ󷹣˳ϴ롣

Ӳ͵͵ؿһһСͰˮȥʵڷϲ񣬸ӰˮͰԲ׼ޣһԵؽԱ޶ˮҪˮ

Ī裺ŰɣԼ

ưҲϴҷˮûУˮһ͸ɾˡҪǾˮ̹Ƕۡһϴһָϴɾתͷȥͷջ

Сʱչ𣬵ǵ׺ܶûչˡͻȻʼ㣬ôʯ㣬һ»ûš
ò׵˻¯ﴵʱ۵һˡЩץԿǶžžવ˴ʯſڴ̧ͷһֽƬһͰˮ˶˸۶ֽƬ˿һĶ

ſϣ°Ҳеʪһ䣺ջô

ܹû뵽һ㶣ͷ

УհɡȻʲôöˮȻҲյ˻𣬡ջ緹˳ҩ

ܹҲûܾˮͰ˹

Ų̋ͷλøһưҨ˰ˮҩġǲҩɷֲࡣϴû̫ҩģŪϡŤͷȥ

Ϸҵȷʵ࣬׸һСһСۣ඼ǵֳ伢ĺ

һݹ᾵ӣŴĲҲݵնȥ۳̨ͷ˲Ųæص˻𣬻ӳǻĵѻƵ۽뵳ڵӰӡɫˮһһð̲סʣ岻Ҫ

¡ϸһ֦嵭зִ硣

Ųüͷ
һ˼֪ôŲ鷳ŵͷʮڳԺǳЩûˮĶ˵Ȼָá
һۣ뵽ؽﻹһİײˡĥŸ㲻һĳʳ

Ҳǰãڹﻹҵ˼һӳԣ룬ȥͷһŴײ˹׼ײ˼ڶĽӡ

ˮײŵһɡ
ۼҨ˹ˮһưͽȥһ죬ſٵشȥĽʢֽżؾͽײšˮ顣ͷջܹ񾲾ؿһˮĶƽ

뵵̻ģ˰ŵüۣ˲Сֻ꼦ͰײˣһԵعȻַɿŵϣ쳴ײ˼ɫӳԵüΪƯ
תͷȥȡһԿӣһӸ׼͸ܵԱͶעĿ⡣

һڹսǴţҪ

ܹԭֻǿȴʹصͷ



žſӵݵߡֽƬſûʲôѪɫ쳢һڡ֪̫ûԺõģѾͷȷʵãܹȻʵǰһĸо

ΣѾ仯һ䣬ζʢˡ

ܹŨܵ۽΢΢˲û˵Ѿ㹻˵

Цһڶʢŵһԣ¾ͺߦƤСʱĻͷ˵ߦƤƤƤƤ֣ҪߦƤ򵥵һ·ɿ죬һƤߦǴСһ

һģߦ˶õƤⲡӾվһԿ˶á

²ԣҲΪ˽ʡһһٸӡǱ߷ϺûͷˣСʮҪãȾ͵óԱֹܶ˳ʳԼҲòӪݵøʮС࣬ԼԼһձߡ

ӿ죬һĹͶˡʢ˶ʮȥӵתͷܹڳٽ緹

û뵽ŽҲڣôҩžͱһ¨ӳš

ԼҩԼ壬ҩ塣ȥɽ

ɽɽžͲţסɽµ˻ܶ

߳ţǰͷһˡҲˣԱһϯȥʲôþļ͡óԶģΪ˳صҵҴҲּ֡ҼһӾ˵ҷӵŮ

ҲˣǴסʵסͷķҴ󷿡
ϱһ¶ȫ˶֪ȻҲ˵˰Žغӵ¶Ȳ˵ϴﲻ˵СǷϵɷ򷽴һŻĿϡӣɲСĿһÑǮ
ǷڼˣٲҲƤƵȥſּʹӣæͷ˷Ů£ŮԱŪˣǶϱ

ּҼͲŮǶϱֻҪҵ˴ȥС

ɷǹȥּҼѯʵүԸȥּլ̫̫һٷүѵһλ棬úТһ˼ҡ

Ļûˣ˼Ͷˡǲðʲôɫֻ֪ԼϱҲһֺòˡϯ֪٣ﶼ˵ζáĵϱˣԼ

Цеؽ˴ԼңָԺժ˵ķϾ˵ǷӵĶϱ

ϻ֪ô£һ˴棬۾ͲͣƳ๫æŽԺſھͶԴޡһҲô£վͺصŴԱ⸮ϻԭǸֲõ˺ЩǮ

ּһ⻰ˣͰѲ¶Ǯúãү͡

ҴϲԽæؾʹӦˡ




8.  ڰ   ڲĶк¶

ԺӵĺͷһС·ͨɽȥÿûϷɽߵþ·һҹѩǹȥٶĺۼҲûˡ
ĿԶ֦ϵȫѩǣϸСĻĺۼһ޼ʵİס

Ьͷ˺ôĶͷ硣ʱѩѩֺˮЬ顣ŲӱӶҪ·ߣ˸һǳһŵɽߡ´ĶܳʲôϾȾָǡ

Ҳãߵ·Ϳɽµĵطöඬð˼
ʳʷƾãڡʫоСάΣѡļءſŰµʱûʳ񣬻̫ûɽײϺˡȻأӪֵߡȻȴҲӪֵ

Ž񵶱󣬰ſž¡һðС¨ӡ

¨ӵװãһľͶˣٲǿֶ顣
²㶸ʱףȥЩ鷳ЬĥûץһСľͻȥˤɽһקԱߵ֦һѩǲġɫ磬һ֦ɽߡ

Žȷʵ㲻ƹɽ·С·ɽߵĹľ﷢һѵ
ƴСģӦҰŰǿľܿ˿ݴԷ϶￴һЩҰĺۼԱߵ·һСƬĺƤȾ־һʮ²ųǶʳõҰӣУࡣ¸һͷʡ
ŽһѵŽ¨ûץҰ

񵶷һߣָõĶæ¾Ұӡ⼷һžӲֹǼȾص׵Ŀ֦ﻹӲٺ¶סݥȵȡҲôһˡ۾ĳ棬ЩӺ߼۵ġ¶

С¨ӣҲûɽȥ

ô˵ס˵˴ѩ첻ɽȥ϶ԭġ˵˶ʶɽʲôǴ첻ȥðա
ŲǸǷģҲԼСɽܰȻþա

װһ¨ҰζһòһִŸ֦ʹɽ

Ѿʱ

ҼһʱѾڳ硣Ϻջû͸Ҷȥһ˰ͭ嶼ûֻּ䣬Ļ䡣
ʱһˮſڳԣһԵģ߳ԱŴŵ

Ϻѹүүʮ񣬵˵࣬Ϻ˵ӡүүҺáҺһ⡣
ֻӲͷӲҲ˵ӽҽԺѾ;ƿݡûþȥˡʱæĴ֪ϢʱѾˣûܼһ档׮¶˰ͷԶʹƢԸүүһ޵ķϺ̲סᡣ

ˣϺĨĨ۽ǣͷģɽǣɽ˶࣬Щǲɽˣָͷܡû˴ţױɽȥ

ҲûɽȥͷתתϺصͷ񵶷Żԭһ¨Ķط

ͷһҰѵǰ󶵳Ϻ״һ㶣Ұ

ţãպøﲹӡ

ϺЩԼûջСѾͷŪһѵããǸТ˳ġ
˵ţͷۿֺˡ

ܸɻģϺæȫǽһȳһյؾ͹¨ﻹʲôҰõȥʣ¾ӺͶ
ϺһѺںĶˣⶫҲܳԣ

ܵġû̫࣬˵˾䣺⻹ʡ

õľǺ¶ӿЩɲڲ⣬ľͷôӡϺˣⶫɽиطһѡ

¶ԭֲڰ˹ɽϲɽԼԵĵطټűΪżѾ콵ڱˣ
ϺͻȻһ䣬ɵˣ˵ĵ棿

Ȼ⻰Ȼ˵ѣЩϲģСʲôöô

ȻǺö
ۣ
Ϻģϵ˼Ҳʶһ˸轫¶ⶫܸӻϣ׳¶

һţʵɿˣӵģ

ӳԺ󣬶Ǳ߾ûôعš
ܹһҩӺƳСĵʰЩҰӡʱ˵ɽ亣ζɽͷ˵ǺͷЩں̭Ұʵڡϲɽ˼ҵҲգʵֵǮ

۾أ

ǵÿտɶɻϸʰ¾վ㶫

Ϻһͺã
ͷϺæͷƱȫժ

ŵͷϴĻƽ˿ֵĲӣ˲ȥֻʮģһֻĸھӿϷһʵڿƴʮĽ˰š

ʱ򣬹黹ġ

żһĨ˼ˮ̼ܹСһһźںҰӣ۽ƳСѾͷƬӿֵǸɴ䡣ӹÿ࣬Ѫ᲻˷ѣôմ˴衣

Ѫܹõһ٣̲סʡ

е㾪ˣؿ԰

𾪣Ѫܳԣ

Ÿ𾪣ѪΪʲôܳԣ

ܹ񣺡

˶һۣޱؼëܿ콫һֻεĸɸɾȥȡڵϣǵؽ롣ӹÿ࣬͵ÿһ㡣ʮĵĸ÷ͳԡŽһõͷϣתͷޱǿ˼

ܹԿţĪζ죬صĽ񰲶ϢǴӰŹɢģĪע

гСԺһˮ
˸߹ޣǰֻͺ¶ŵһ𣬸С˸ɴŶȥˮ

ȾöžãƤȾóԵС˺һһģнⱬ㣬ٴ𱬳û⣬Ҳ㹻
˺Ⱦ⾫ϸȻǽ֪ѪǺöүܹɣȥ¸ǿҪ̵ļѪ˳̵ĸЩǰںԺ񿴵һҰɽ⡣ȥһѣÿѪҰɽ⡣

˵̻Ǽң߳һæһɨɥϺżǺùһЩ

һȳһյؽӣ˹ֹáֹʲôǰԷ˻ֹ

һ룬˲Ҳ¿ˡû˵ͷЩĲȻһһҹӿŷ·ʮꡣԭͷķȫǰͷϺǵسѵöҲڡ

ûҿӣŵһɹ˵㡣
ζԴ¯ɿܹһֱšò˵ȴʶˡҷûʰ򼦵ǮǴĶհȥԱ⸮ϯ·ϺѾ˵ˡԭΪǮɣŵζžǲס

һʢһȺȡ

ˣŻִŵ˷û˵ŸҳԣȻ͸ȥ˰Űɵغһڼ˺ںҰӵһȥûʵ̵ͷϷ۾ɵϴ󣬲˼ؿ˰ţɲǼ򵥵Ĳúõ¶

˵¶ЦЦⶫųªѪգ̲֮ǲɶõĺöȵ㣬ⶫټ

Ϻ̧ͷĶк¶

ԣӭ˫۾֪Ŵʲôͽ¶˳ԲԹҲãǺöҲõȥժ

Ϻǵ۾Ǻö޲ھÿȥժҪǷӽ˰£Ѿˡ
ЦЦϷ⻰صһϣ

ããϺ¶ЦݣҾȥ




9.  ھ   ò洫ɣ

Ȳ˵̶ͻһڵԤڣӺ¶ǣݼ

ºȶͶӣŽʣµ˻¡⼦һҰɽһɫЩ졣ܹûϵΪ̭ľӴ𱬳Ժ㣬ζǻζټ

ӱȾĿͶ̵̺Ķ
һ̼ѪҰɽ⣬ԭǲ¿ӵġޣ׵ϰʹȻʱԵ̬СؼһӷŽУѪڴݼ䵯ڼΪζŻصؼǡ˿˿ҰɽŨζܹ˲ΪԼǳŵǸ

ţҲˣóԾС

һ˫Ƭ̣ͷš

׷þӨ͸һı˼һʼӲθڼĲӶС롣ϺȻǳԵĶӳšһٷƣԵǶʣŹĹĵĶ۵ֱ飬õķ˰һٷͳԸɾˣ

ѵóһٲģɫڻƵϷŶЩѪɫ

󣬷Ϻŷӻط¡Žʰ˱ֻ¡ˡŤͷһǷ紵͵ֽƬһԵظ

ţ

ȥˮֽƬɤɽ磬ͦԾ

ˮϴȷʵۣҲûܾһǰһػ˺ۿһˮտˮŵü۽ģ

ɽǿ϶еġԭԼ澳ȻԱԴУκʱ򣬰Ķôܴվ߳һ̹·
ڵеӣһʳգƧģʵ±⡣ĳʳζٺã·Ҳʮּѡϯ棬ϸ࣬ҲϯǮΪһֻ

˼ʱ˼ŵɫ᲻Ծ䵭ʶϰߡһ¯ܹȴԾüͷƵһ

˶̨棬ůƵĻӡһڻ··ӨӨԣԾѻƵ۽ް嵭ݶġ

లֻŵʰ˹ݣŲһ£ӵΣ
ҩʱ򶼴ڶݲŵˡͻȻµԺһ죬źҲûµӡػǲز

ʱʱ˵׼ġܹȻɻҲõʱ볣졣ʱʮ

˵ʲô֢Ѧ̵ĲҲ̫˰ɣ

ǲܹ񻺻̧ͷ޳һ֦ǰָѩ֣עŰŵ۾֪ôģܾ̬Щ̹ʡǿԺҪ֧ţԼһһ֪Ǳ˶

Ӿ翴٣Ż˵ϲ¶ֻǣеǾеλã¶

ô֣ЦЦ㲻ţ

ǣ

һЩԭ򣬱˶ǵģΪεļʱֻʣЩ඾ϡ嵭·˵˵飬඾ҲʮҵĸǡӾ˸ĺãҲܻ

Ŷˣ˵ףǸˡ

Ҳ˿ûôܹЩЦҡҡͷֻΪ䣬ӳܲסϺ᲻ԾֽŽӲԺԻࡣ

Ŷŵͷ֪ôˡţֻ

ˣҲ˸ɻҲЩ

ͷ֪ʱֿʼѩò˵߶ѩࡣûһǲѩġֻѩԽԽͷ˿硣ɫҲ

ȥɽһˣһЬʪ͸ˡʪЬһ磬ŸоԼˡ˸Сܹһţһƨ¾ЬԱ߿𡣰ϸĽֺͷһ¶ǱջһĬĬƫȥ

ûע⣬ע⵽ҲνůĻĽţһϮش˸ůƵĻӳƴСպ׵ĶΪˡ

žһը죬ͷɫˡ
һСأΪ¯ӻû𣬵Գܰ

һĿڳԷܹǸ⡣ľôһСЩǲԵġοһ˶ҪģӺͷ̫Ͳ˵ԼͷϺҲݵһѹͷȥֻ࣬뷨һ·

ĥǮ·ӣԺͷžžવ졣

ͷһεԺľͰѩﹾشҪһѩӣԱߴ˴ա

ֱܹͷϢ˾롣ͷһž졣

ʲôܹվ

۾¶ȣܻش𣺡εԺʲô˰ɣ

顯

ԣӦšܹĿбӣ۽ڸͦıһӰ⿾ҳȥơ

һ㶣Ҫ˵ʲôӰѾʧڷѩС

ƺȷʵҲüϰɵЬӾȥǰԺ

ȷʵǷ紵Ķ춯̶ӴӶ·Ҵ˴ıѩ۳ڳ̶ʱɽ·³¡˴βϷҵԺš

̶һа˸ˣøҰƵɪɪ
űŶվԺ⣬ûõ˼ҲûӲԺﴳܹһվԺſڣݳһ͵ƫƫѹ߰˸׳ͷġǰŹ̬ȣһ䣺ɡ

̶ǶˣЩĺöҪ͵سݸȥġһ·߹ԭΪиջЪЪ˰˷Ҵ壬ŵûС

ǻҹģס
˸ܹݣԺͷİ˵ӣǵÿգɷһٳʳʳҲʲôʳ

¶޾Կȵġ˵ţһҲӵ׳ӻץӣݸţãֵܼһ·ʵܲס

ŵУСӡ

ŸջǮ۾һ¾ˡ

ɫѾˣšҪ⣬ֻȥҴ嵽ϸţҲһʱҪ·ϵġ
ΪѣȥҲ̫ðա

ȥ󶫼ơ󶫼ǰ˵ɱӦ⡣µķϺ֪Ķϱ˸¨ӡһ֦һŸһǳһŵعԴ˵úڲĶǺöȲ죬ӻ˯¾͵ȥ˺ɽ

֪ˤ˶ӣϵѶƵġˮģ¨ݺͷźãһȳһյؾſߡ

ȥɡܹϽסӹӣҡҡͷ

ڼţȥ⣿Ҳġ

󣬻ǰȥ򣬲ܹ񲻷Ҫһȥ

˻ûݣͷ󶫼ҵϱǽժ˱ֹҵĺ¶ⷽҲǺ˵Ļ˺ò¡ҲõʲôóԵ˹үۣȻȥϯ棬˵ء

ԹԣҲ̫ˣ

ɲǣ߹ʺ˰ɣ

˭ãһֹ̫̫Ǵúãүʶİɣﲻ˵ѧʣϵ˽л۸

Ű첻ҿָǷǣߴŵģգ϶ٸȥϯ棿ǰǷڶſ˵ʲô²ҡӣ󣿹ƾˣ

˵Ҳǡ

˽ݣ˵Сˡ
ϱ裬ܹ˶ľġҶӣʲôʱ򿴶˻궼ŷɡûϢϱȥſ˵⡣

һ˵ģʱӾͿ˻ˡͬĴ˵ҴǸӡҼһûʲôǮ˭ɱⶼõġżҲȥϸͳζѾӹúȻ⼸첻ãɱˣ⵹û
ɱ˵ѾֻԺͲˣ󶫼ֻݽûʲôͣϡȥϽ˺ˣȴûȥһֻ͸˵⣬ԼҸġͷûȥˮڡ

ܹ˹˵Ҫ⣬ɰѴһҸϲˡ

䣬⻹ʵúܡŶӺˮ̲ס۷Ź⡣ⶫȻúãζһһɫʿŲھһ䣺һֻøģöǮ

ᵽ¶۵õѪСһأ

һǮһһӣһǧġС۵ͣһǧҲ̫ˣʵʵ⡣ԭӣⶼۣһһǧӣȫȥҲֵǮ

ŰġҼĲã١ֵһǮ

ţˣͷ˶ﶼȱôӣԣҲʵġǰ⣬ȷʵˮ١

ֻȥ˵ۣˡ
ǮȻǴִЩɷһӶҪġֻúãһռĿ˶úЩɾ͸ֿ죬Ҳԥˣſڵ˰ʮģҰֻˡȻ˵㣬ӰһͰˮҲңҾȫˡ

ܹԲεһϲͨҲ˵վһԵڻҲ˵ƤһӶޣ˵һ⻰ˣ˰ʮĿɲ˵þõģ㣬Ҫ򣿡

򡣡Źϵͷӿ

ŵĺвҪģԭΪͷҪˣ˭֪˰ʮȥˡȥǼҹ˺ôһ͡õⶼˣʣЩݽĶа˰ʮĻģ
˵æغԼҶӣж氲Űȥ

ҲһڶۣǮ͸

һͷطҺž˵ʹ
ҲָⲡӣͰѵĥ㡣ܹõ˲ָһĨ۾ﺮһҲû˵˵ȥĥˡ

ò˵ĥĿͬʱʮֵרҵһԿ棬̲סֹһ䣺ò洫ɣ

ſĥܹһ˶٣ּĥ




10.  ʮ   ˵ҪȥּСҹϯ桭

̶ӸӣȻȫóҲ̫ࡣ
һֻ˸ˣׯˡ
ô󶫰Ų⣬Źǣȵȸøɸɾͷȷʵû̫ͣ廨ȴǸĺáգóԲӺoЩݣгɿȻҪ⣬Ȼ̶ӵ

ϺǱæʰӣںĥʲôʡ¡
˼ȥһŹٲ˵ġһӵܲȥ϶һ㣬ϸŵͿԡһǽǵĶⶬǺöⶫܽƢθ˳ԡ⡣ؽﻹһİײˣЩ廨ع⡣

ǲ⣬ƷˡҲЩһζĴ͹ˡ

ܹĥõԾջΪ˿ϲˣԤһաһ⣬һˡæȻ죬ӲķӶˡСϴ֡
ɻϵĻһܵˡЩĢܿʹøɸɾ

ǴӷóģЩĶƽ᲻ãҲпʱáпŵ٣ЩûóžҾȻа˽ǻҶЩЩ᲻ãЩϱϣúܡҲ࣬õʱϸ㡣

˵ж󣬶ǹʱͨ㣬ϡΪϱߵĶ˵Ȼɸ߼ۡ

ŵͷ˵ɴһ
һ㶼һãһζٺŴ֭ŽϰоͲˣ˶ع⡣˿죬һ⣬һײˣһ˺ײ˻ع⣬һƶo

˶õʱɫѾȫڳζ˵ӿȣܹƳ˹üۡһʢһС˳ȽзӺͷϺ˷

ʣµĴʢãͱһա

̷һ߳һ棬ԭΪѩ谭о·Ǿͽõһţ뻻ȷԡ뵽ӻһٽľ¥Ӷһϵĺ÷òˡۣԵݼ㡣ԲĶӺð첻룬˸үǺ޲ýҲˡ

ӻֵ

ɲֵʳʵʵĴ⣬ҲҰӡڽ¥ٲһٰʮ

СգزϿʳ̶ԭҲϺĳʳԹ⻹ͷһسԵȾյĳʳһ̲ס꣺ҪǻػܳԵСӵգرӶͷ

⻰һ˵ĵͷ

û⣿̫գȲ˵ֻһ˫֣㷽ܰһѣٺãڴ󲿷ְ±СطҲڲáοҼͽıڣó

ȻҲע⵽ҵļҾڨڨر졣

ұûУͿӶࡣǱȳһŲһŲҲܿճһȻûп̶ϴԼ̸ǡǷ¶ϰˣסҲޡзϺ̵㵾ݣ̸ȥ˼һҲ˯ġ

ںӶϴһ¶ǵͷ˯ˣϴ

Ӳ̹ϺȥЪϢ˶߹ˣŲйЪһܹ˶ûԣæŵԴϢǰĲɫʢ˵ʱһһ㣬ץ˰¹˴һһ棬ŷĲ˶Ը¡

Ȼ˸ճʱζɲܹģ۾

԰Ŷʣµİⷢ˵úܣⲻ׻ıڱϾúôǻỵʹ˽Լҵƶðſѵ䶼᲻öЩҪŻˣǵ
ʱҪˮǱһͰӻûû򳦣СһҲʹȻҸʱȥΣЩⶼ㳦ָʹԵջ𹤰ѰϵԺѩﶳϣŤŤɬĲӣԤȥЪϢ

ﻹˮԭҪ̶ӵõġںӾûϴ˼ʣࡣ
ƳһÿҹҪԡĽˣһԵضСһưһͰؾ͹һͰˮ

ˮǹˮ˲䶼̳һݡҨ̫죬ˮ̵졣

ܹ̲ס˳飺ҽԡ

ȵһͣľŶ

ܹ񣺡



岻Լӣúܡһգ˫˫Ģ̧̌һͰˮܹᵽȥġ

ˮϴϿξ

˼ѩɫźһЩ

̶ڷҽգʳӻͲͶӳԵԲմѩͣһӵӣﴧŰŸչ㳦뿪˷ҡ

㳦Ȼ͵ģⶫԼ˳Եġ̶ͷ֮ǰƼصػġ

һߣ˼ķ

̶ӵⲻ֪Ķʵ󷽡գһһˣͷǰŸʲôǳʲô֮ʱ⼸˲ʮӵĽǮ

֮ơ

ˣϺžˡʮӽǮϰʣĶ࣬ӵ㳦Ǯܾʮ֮࣡
ڰŵı׬ӣ

ϺӣʮָӣӸ§Űž̲סᡣϷúһӣ⻹ǵһڷлر

ЦЦʮﹻ˳ҩʮҲ͹һ˳԰ꡣ

ǰҩӡ

ӻ׬˵Ǯף˼Ҳ

Ҳ̶ӸУŷԭȻشƫԶλı߽硣̶Ӳ٣ֻǴֻԭͣܽĿȺ̶ӣʵҲǲ
ĥţԤȥʵơ

ǰ㣬ȷʵ̶ӵĳʳ⡣

⣬ЬӾ׼ȥϡ߳žͱˮķϺסһȥϲãϹӶࡣȻȥ

ܽţȻЩˣԵġ

ܾأݵſˣȥ

ܹͻȻѼ˶ˡԴסңû߳Ҵ塣ļ͵ȥϣƺ֪ϺҪ˵ʲô⼸ò߸ڻָ

һüͷ
뵽ԭıҼҲûܾϺĿһأ֪뵽ʲôҲˡ

һԲģһ

Żصش˺ü㳦ȥԱ⸮
ϯúõĸҹܼҵ˿佱԰ʶúܡŴͼ˳ϲԸϸ˼ҵ˼㳦СҲ⣬һһ㡣

˵Ѿʱһ̡
ӽʱ̫Ҳ̫䣬ѩû̫ҲŶֱ£ưӱů̶ޣԼĿϵ˲࣬һŲӿ첽С
Ҹطȱܱܷ磬ŤͷͿһ˱Ǽⶳͨ죬ƯϷɫȴԽ׾͸۾γģױƵġ

ĿԣܹЩɻ󣺡

ޱسĹһѰʹ˲ʧȥ˵

ˣиһ֡ԴӷûϷֻʣ¼ʡ

ȥԱ⸮ϡ

һ䣬һ䶼ûУתߡ

ܹҲûʡ֪Ŵʲôýֺͷµʲô󶳽ָͷȻظϡ

ȻĴݣδ°Ű벽

˵Ա⸮ĺţպϳŲӡ

ӼˣϲѣˣùȥҴأϻϯһʲôүϲòˣЩӹ߶û˻

˵ţקŰŵĸ첲Ͱ

⵽󻹸һˡ

һ۾ɵϴ󣺡ô๫Ҳ

ţ

ܹ㶣û˵Ѿˡ̧ȸϣʱҲû͡

ÿҴµЩӶ˵ˡѾͷǷӵŮδŵĶϱʱŰźܹˣƺСȻ˿죬ؾͿһ䣺һŮòСӴϻۣȢȢͣȡϱⱲӶˡ

/ܹ񣺡

˰ˣ裬ҹܼҡ
ʲô߰ģŲ

Ӱͳ㳦óԱ³ʳõʵĵϡųԣųԣųԶСϸүǳϲԴǶá

ȻҰţȴֻΪͷں㳦Ȥǿͷϣܵؽ㳦ˣһܼ˵ÿգٷǮһӣϯ棬͸һٷ

ż㳦ȤҲûǿЦЦԡ

Ӵһ·㳦ָ鵽ԵͷŤͷʰţ˵ָĻ¶ʮҪּ̫̫æСҹķ

һ㶣ּң

ѵǣӿ˵ģ˵ǱߴĻʶһӲˡ˵Ϊȥּһ٣ص˺ü˲Ŵ˻

ܹû˵




11.  ʮһ   һʻţ

Ӽ˵鲻٣ʱˣ¶ģּȥҴѰ˵·ָġѾͷѵֻЦ˵ȥּϯĲ㣬Ҵѵеڶϯķϱ

СҴǶϱ컹֡

һĴȣһˣҪǴǿ˲ã

ҲûгŤֶնյ塣㳦û͵͵ȴҲü˼Һš
ŤͷƳᣬں㳦һ𣬺ۡݽȴƤǣܹװ˾ʮ㳦װþͱ̶һ룬ʣµҲʮشǾԱ⸮ϵ˴󷽲ŴִŸ

ﴧ˽ѣܹһҡ

ļԲȶһͷͻȻƮһ㶣ֻܹĿбӵؿԶƺߣˣ

ŵȻ֪κ¶㣬ٵľЩǰˡ

ϵĸһסŵϵĴ˼ҡž㼱Ҳ㳦ҰšƵϹΣ̲ס˸硣˴󶴵ЬӺͷ磬˯֮ʱֺͷûȹ
УѻǷӵģ󲻳ΡҪǲůŵһ³ǰӣͷҲصеķȥ

ԭ򲻴󣬴ͷߵβҲһʱ
ӾֻһУͷѵģʳģĵȵ廨ŶУϺǶİš˵ʵڵģԭļŶЩӰʱվеڣԤ趼ȡ

꣬Ҽһ߸ԣҪģʱ쵽ܹ֡ӰŹɫŤͷֵֿС
գգ۾Ȼָưס˰ŵĸ첲ҽȥˡ

ͻȻסһʶܹʲô˼һ˵ʲô̧дűӵɫߵĻȫҭȥ
ĪĶϤĸʡȥ˺ܶ͵鷳Էһֻǣ䵭ҲһһǰһУ㲻ӮĿ˵ʵڵģʱ˳̫ҲһָŴʱҲܹΪʲôˡ

ǣʲô£óЩеõ۵õſܹʱ˳һţʲôһʻţϣŮĻ

ѣѪݺݵָųӰӣһļǮ

ϰǸֵ긾ˣ￪ӲҰȫͣȻʮְȫƺһμƷУе㱻ͻȻɫۡſ¥ۣܹû÷ҧгݵ˰š

ֿһѾͲһѵ𣿱Ȼǡϰ屻ԵɫеΧŲӴתһ£аЬȫˡ

˷޵Ŀܣһſھȫһ롣ϰ˳ŵʱ򶼿ˡڰĶ࣬ͷ¾ףЬ˫ϰӣаܸ˶ӡĶǻۿۣϸ֮Ҳ

ŵͻһףЬҲµġɰ᲻ӣŰŰͷ¨ܹϡ
°̵ġǰ⣬Сط̾ɫѾͷ͵һ֡
ɾŴִùʡѾɫͷɫƫ׵ͣ˵׵Ƥˣƿزˡ

ϢŨѣûܼԦˡ

㰲οԼͻȻѵһ¨ӷŵϡ㳦Ū˸ƲŵһߡƳͬһɫϵ䣬ŵĿ˳޳ĸ첲䵽ϡ鲼ʵļһν˷Χ֮ڡ

˵ӿݳģʵǲġӴߵ˵Ҳ߰˹·һԵظţָܣҲûֵزĽ
Ѧ̵Ĳе㶫

㳦һߣŴ˴ʳġ
Ǵܹĳʳ겻٣ӿŵһҵеĺŴʮӡʳĶ࣬һǮһɣȭͷСǮһ࣬࣬롣ежβҹ޴ʳ

ûȥͷҲܿͷϵİ̡һЩĲˣȺٵ̲˸ɲˡҲУҳҲͦࡣĺõģǵǮֻǵҰҲ⡣㣬ͼӣϸ

ͷβһ飬￪ӣ۸ѹõ͵ĻȥĶѪǮǮˡ
ʳܿǴһֵûжʮò

ҪöʮʵóģóȫҵļҵͿաŲϲص⣬ɹʣƴ

ٴһ棬˸޳ƵĻεһĵض

ԵʣԭʵҵũҵѼļĲ١ӱܹקεļƳ嵽̯λǰ˺ڵøשҤͳһ㣬ں죬ѹϱؤûǿ١
űһͷĸڵϲͣСֱ߰żͰͰǰӨӨ̡ŷ·˩סĹʿ嵽Ͱ۷Ź⣺ңô

ͷСձñ˰żۣ̲ʮǮһͰ

ʮǮһͰһͰžˡ

ıһվ͸ˣ򣬲͹⣡

֪ʱ̲ռֻйǲźȺ̣Ʒĸ㡣߿Թžк̵ϰߡʮǮһͰһͰ۵˷ָ
̿ӽ̵Ķˮ飬ƣθܽⶾȻŲúȣʵܲӡԭȻĥҩʳûкöҩţ͸̡޾֮·һӣͰҶҪˡ

ܹüͷԾ
һֻڰŸ첲ϣֹζЩס

ֻ̣ͷڵϵĸҲϡ

ҪӡĿֱӱۡ

ʣİţŶˡ

߰Ÿ󶼸һͰȥҴβľңǮȻܹһȦЩʳʳ˸ţͻطҴ塣ǱӵϢͻŻȥҹܼңּȥҴҴ˵¶˵ˡ

ܼҲһšҵĴ˻ڼأ꿪һȥسǡǳʲô¶ָỵҵĴ¶
ʱüͷò᣺¶ʮˡ¶

˵ţ𼱻ǵȥҴ¶

ҴΪŮ⣬һ¶ʱͬһưˮͷš˵ּ̫̫ǹ̫̫̬úܣƢִС۶ˣ硣Ȼ¶ּ˰úͿָǨŭ
žһյּ˶ǴҸ˻ҴɳԷɻ鷳㣬ȥּҴһǸͿϽˣ

ҲǴɣҴͷ˵ͷҶүͽˡ

žͷЦˣ𼱡ӷŻ˽ǷҴʡиС˹ȥ仰ǣܺԼ

̶Լ׶ȻͰ¶ЦɵÿЩ¹õǰء

ʡġҶүͷСȥҷˡ

ͬʱʶл۸ķץĬΪϿδ˯ӹ桷ǧġĬĬ׼ԷѧⶫѾüˣддҲûͣǲӡ

ҵҵʱûдֶſ˯˲档

ŵֱӵꡣ

ȷֲһεشӵ

˲ӣֱӰ¶˵ˣǿ׳ȥܺԼҪ¶Ҵǰ̣ҾԲŹһӡĪһвԼӵĺò£

ƾʲôﲻָŭԣΨΨŵŵشӦˡ

ˣŤͷ͸һ̵ԭҿģСǮ˲𣿱˽ʲôƹʲô£ʲôޣ

˵˵˵ȥصԼϱһúøɣȡñϿջĴûƯ˵̫̫ʶǰȥ˵ǧǵȥֹ̫̫䣬ǵðҴǰ̸˲ɡ

δϱżȹɣָ͵ּҺš




12.  ʮ   С治ð氡

ԴĹسȥּԭͷһݵٹ⡣ּּ̫̫Ҵ󹦳ԾӣȻʲôҪõġԴöȣҪõġأԿãСҹϯǾͷĳġ
ϢĶӶ˵õĶȻҲǴ˺ܴڴ

̫̫֮ʱҾƶڶ࣬ԺȶҪġ̫̫ϲõӣ²׵ܵøĸ۰ôΪڼҶһڷʱ򽫳ʳñءӺˣгʳԻǿ̽˹
ԵЧĸЧĸ˵óԵϰԾǴĸ֮ϰġ

̫̫гʳ¶ֻּ֪ϲءʱּҿĴٿŶѵýۻҵʳʳӶôת

ﰡеˣкЩ϶ϵãʲôˣ

©ӽ˿ѹü͡

ͷһؽӵ˼ҵĲ£¶ϱһæصظ֡ʱּ˲ע͵͵ҵԣæ͵еһۡǸƤִϰɹɵĸƤΪȻذڰ֣Ƥ

ƤȻ֪ƤƤⶫǼͷ˵ʱԵִּ˼ôƤﲻԡ

ǿɫƤִչȥϸζȷʵƤ

˼ﻹƤǺӹˣصԵࣿ

ϸղһڻӷ׵ưҲࣺ˭áǮ˾ôŹֵãƤգˮ˲ˣ

һҲǣڲáĸЩָ̫̫žúأ

ʲôľͷӣ

ϷװʳĵĿӣԽ·ԽûסһͲˣϵõľôϵã⣬ۼȻϵáͷЩز˼ûôˡץһƵĶšһСͷоӻðˮһġ

һ䵽ǿƤġ

⵽ǸʲôðˮϲͣӣϽĨⶫ͸ȾƵģĶĶû취ˮҨһưϴֹȥ

ϵⶫ˸ɴཫӵһߡĵⶫƵŲʲôöû¶ۿɫ磬Ͻϴժˡ

ϯ治ôģʱһæһ졣ּҳԵǲĸϲΪŪøɾЩĲ˶ϴϡ

Ȼԭߴ綼ˡļϯ涼Ҳ߲˴಻ϵãǻҿѧе

Ŀˣزˣʹûٹ
ŵö࣬Ҳŵ廨šһˣøСӲøƵģÿϲǵðž嶼Щʲôһһܹǲˡ⻨˽ǵȶûŹϲţҲѧͷ

ᣬǲôŪúÿϻе츳ϱںæȻ죬ûּҵ˹ּҵĳʱʱһۣе㲻ˡ

Լгӻ룬ĳӶٶ⡣ּҳӱͷת˺ܾòq(s^t)rһˡ

Ҳ˵ϴϱּҴͨһ̡
˵ʵһ˻ȲζζҲǲһĹ֭ܳȥ̵ζڸиãܲӪѾԷƵĵزᶬˮһˡմϴ̻˳һСʡ

Ҳζģ̵ʱżš̳ζŲˡϲ̣ҲóԺȡͷһСǡ

ȼ̶˵һǰղ㱻Ѭµܹ񶼲ˡ

̡

ӵġȶһ룬ճ̵úܡССһڣӺһ·̵ĿȻ̣ʵǺã̲ǶõĶһһ룬ȳԼ̲

ܹȶһڡ

һȥŨڿζûУһ˿ܹۡǰһʵû뵽ų˵ĶȻڡһԵ

ˣϷЩ졣Ӳ죬ʲôʲôʵ޵úܡżòãȻ꣬Եѡգ۾ͺ˴룬Ƕζ൱⡣Ҳһ㣬˲չˡ

ⶫҲ󣬡˷ѵǡһûһֵģԵҲ£ÿ糿һ롣

кöԣû˻ܾһȻڴӦ

һͰ̣һҲȲꡣⶫҲܾŷţĥŲȻ̡ʵҲѣ̵˾õ̷ֹ̡ڿ̫ãϸȾĸʹ̡̱

ҪҲѣȡһС̳ģǽʣµ̶Ƴ̡

ĥֺóԵƷģ˺üΣּӵζСͷƺַϷ޵ϲϺȲľګͷһȣ֪ȥԼָʮֲ˼ⶫãζ㻹

üͷָŸϸ̸⣺ô

ǺãϺʵϣⶫžͽ˼ϽƼҲȥ򡣡

šŶһ֮Уȴ̲סеɥһֺգطʵڲʩչ̸ⶼĲɫ͸Ѵгˡ

ڷĥ׬Ǯ·ӣּǱ߳ˡ

ϣɫһȲ˵඼ϻزࡣŲòȡˣһӳ˵һ⣬ɫ˲ˡΪζJˣ·һϣǹŹֵζһԶֱš
ԭΪһζһһӡζľûּԭĳӡ

ּŮҲζ˵үԵҪġ¾ѳԣҲû˸˵ʱɫѿ֮¶˿ӡ

ү

լĽ檸˵һϣأҽйصػ˴ǮŪôЩö͸һӹ

ּ˱үŵòᣬæؾȥ˸

ϻڵأͻȻϵ˼ҵĸǰŵû㶼ˡóʲô¶ּˣŤͷͿԼ͵ҲΪһ·϶õ㶫زסҪҲҵ¶ŵɢ

һѱһرϵһʲôҵϯŪģð۵ּͷҿǻˣ
ûУһͷúܡϯĳٲʮ꣬ûôղǵζһӲ϶÷ţҪҵǸӣԭТ˳ĸһѣĶТ˳һӳȥǧ

үԩҴǲϵģǹүǴġҪǵүϷһôϹúãȥҵǼңǵС˼С˽Ӳ¡Ĳð氡СһʵˣһǧҲү

һĴȾͿʼޣŲ֪顣ǣǲּҵġ

ּһ⻰ʱͻˡǱȥҴҳӵˣͨһȥͿʼūûкŪūԱ˵ȥҴҵˣ˭˭

һһ¶ȻƵԱͷϡ




13.  ʮ   ǮǼġ

Աڼö˶˵ĸСּͽȴԭⲻر˼Ҹ˻˻Ȼû¶Ҳ˵ԱⰦ̾ػصУ˼ûͷʲô¶˵ϱð䰲¶ûꡣ

ûô׾꣬ڸ췭ظ
Ϊӱּ˸ǰ˵°ڵЩһ磬ЩϡĹϹּһӵѵ̫̫࣬ʵû뵽ҹ

ˣȥ飡
ּ̫̫ҶЩ꣬ʳ֮أӣٶûܴһǰġ
ʱǽһŭɶָ޺˾ͽ£Ҳ˶ٺö

ּҵ飿ּҹܼԴ̫̫źȥ㶫
©ʲô˽ּҵĳҲ

ϱ̣ƽȥļҰϯС͵Сõģ˼Ҿ֪Ҳ˵ʲôô˼ôϣŵöɸڵϲͣؿͷ˵ԼˣҲˡټ̫̫Ź

ΪܳһٺóԵģϣ˿ղ˵Щ˵ɵˣˣҴ򣡺ݺݵش򣡲۵HӣһѺöˣ

߶Ȳ˵ŪЩ߲˵ûǮ˵Ū÷ѶپҪϲԣķЩöȫһЩͷ
ЩϺϱϣÿһ˴Ǯ̷Իģصҹ˵߹ˣһСƤûʮӶòһ˵ּҿ̫̫۵ĶڵѪ

򣬶Ҵ򣡡Ӿ̫̫ĽǶƣﻹǮ

ɫ˳סϱһٰӡ
Сط߻ʵԶģôĹ٣ԭ졣˵ϱһ٣ǽ˴ӳȥҲҲ·ޡ

ϱԭΪĴõĲûһͭ巴Լ˸ǰûڵᶼʡּҳһͨϱӳȥ¶⻹ûꡣֻ̫̫ϵĴ󻧶֪ġСѡϱôö޲÷ҵ

УǮҵôӱҲ̫̫Щ꣬ܶóŶӵĴռˡ֪Ϊ˴ŮԼӲţֱӷŻ¶˲¡

⻰ųĥּΪαԱɲ
˰£̬һȡԱһԭ޹ּܴϣҸ˻ҴּҲֻˡ

̫̫˼ҲҪӣҪԱһ䡮ѿĥĴŮϹˣǵý˳Խȥȫ³ɣתͷ˿˿ⷿҼҵԭģóһӣðѩּȥˡ

߸ߣҴ˺ЩֵһһģԼ᲻ֻˣɣظӣ

Ŀֱҽмˣҷǽ鶼ɣ˻ʲô飡

ҵڵִ˸飬һĿæСҹķ¶ʮŵļҪεġһ׷۵ˮӡ״ĥɷۣƤСʱԵڶСʱүүһһһıԵ
üˮһģһļ巨߼ýƣࡣмŴ׵ƤŴ𡣼мʵڶɵ֭һ𣬼˵а㲻ᡣСʱһܳÿضǳԵүү˵ŵͣ²ͣ졣

ԭߵûгεϰסǳǡиơʮǣԲǿָͷͯҥǳǣҹһٳһԲ
ϷЩӳ˲¶Ϻ֪ʱȥ˲ǹϣǰŴӵؽҳһ̳ˣžҲһΡ㳦ȥĥүĥһСŴ׷ۡһԺΡ

ȷʵСӪʦѧһֺðӡ
ֻ˸ʾͷĻһ˰ˡǰŲӹں̸⡣û˫˾Ƴ̵ÿƶðŷԼ뷨ʣµƳ̸⣬˷һͰ̡

ܹڰʹ¶ʮ̹ȻӲǸ̰ˣǳһҩʳԺڳԵͷĲȣȻ˳Լıܡ

ʲô͸ʲôֻҪкóԵģʱջ

Ŷʵĺ޲˾ͦԾ⣬ֻʣʱʱðļʡˣͬûлƷԲů棬ƾʲôֻǿףѵ绹Աӣ

Լû⹤ʣѡܹƤ̫

ΪƤԲΪƤ԰𪻬ۡˣƯǸջ˵ˮ͵ˮ֪ʶıˡ

²ۣһǽĶӣýеĹҲͶ˵һö
ϷһŴŰ꣬ʮ⼸ڼЪţԵúãɫÿ˲١ȻϷݽģԾࡣϺһȳһյؽһ͵СҲ׼ʼˡ

ˢһͣһʮȫԱߡʣ¶ʮô»Եʱټ塣ҲŸϸӾûơ

˾ǿ죬Ҳܿ졣ͷŵζˣƿӾһưˮȥ

һ죬ýЩķѸ̲סͷʣǼʲôöأζƮҼ

˵ⷽѸҲǸˡɥɥӡʮϵøʮһ˶١¼ҹ˵ģԴһڴͲɾָָ㡣һ˰ᵽβĿסľһסЩ롣
Ȼ׽ƽﲻϷľļš
Ͼ˷ֿӵģ˶ǷȥӱϴѶҪ䡣ҲԾ˼ǰաشյſʣǸպñһӷľǰƼӳˮһȥۼֿسһѣűûߡ

ųȥ߶μأػضһðͷͲˡ
µһؼɫͷףӹҲࣺӣءҼϰף¶ʮү

ӣŽҲû⸾ˣһסǺݵǼéݷ

ѸЦЦƵ϶ƣͦɾ

ˡӡðõӶ˳˺üⶫţͲܳˡ߸һƿζƮ˶ûȶģ۾Բˡܹںͷջһ˫γӲԾǳ

ֻ֪зӶȥǱ߳ԡ

ζ֪ǺöƳ۲˼ſھߵĹ𻨣ȥݡ

̲ŶߣһƵĿƤţתȥͷΡζǹŽζ˸ϼʱԺſͻȻӿһȺˡϺһȺˣЩ֪룺ǣʲôˣ

ּҵˣһϯˮƯּҵСҹóԡּҵĳҲҹȥϽ̫̫һٷ

ּ˵ԵɣԺͷƵظһ

߷Ϻû˹ȥأͿͷһֶնյİˡ˱ƿ˲ĸ첲ſھʣͷʲôأ

ľϵóӡһڿˮǺĿİͰ˵Ρ

Σʲôǵصˣζͷߡ
÷Ϻ·͸èƵĵ˺

߸սҿͿһֵվſڣʲô

ԵġŸܵʳ͵Ŀ⣬üͷ

ζ

ԡһʳͣжϵ

ŶͷԣԼڡ۾Űſãû⵽ͷɡ͹ⶢŹһƳȳȵΣԭټ

š̰ſھҪǮϡʳһʮǮ

̣ӿϳһɰţȸһ

Žɰ˳һֽݸȵĶ䲻̵úܣ̵һϽȥڱʱװԵʱܹװ˵ġζһӣѾŴһҧȥ
ճŴŴߴı߶һ..֭˵ڶ۾

̵صڣЦȴӲڳˡָͷͻҪڣܵܡ̣˰һۣͷ˵Ҳٸү

ϵҲǸճζ˶ǡ

ҪŸϯģȥֱӽһʮȫˡճ¶ǣʳضķꡣɫӲϯҲԡŤͷŸǵöʰŻʲôóһ˴ߡ

Ǯһ롣

뵽Լ㳦æӺͷȡʮӵ߲ˡСɰȷˣٵһưȥ׼ϲ

ϵ㳦ʶóʵġ

óʡ

ţǵĲãĻǲԣҲпܲóԡүҪҪĻʮһԼҳԵģҲ١

һ˵٣Ҫˡ

ǺɰӸˣͷǮԹǰЩʳıǮȫܰŵֵǮ͸ôࡣ

ҲǸӣûҪǮ

ӵζҲûðȥϯ¶ЩΣÿٽȥҲһôһ룬ⶫˣкʹӸϽϡĴæߵҲæɶͷԣּѾ뿪ˡ

ŵ˵ǮӵĺɰĬĬʣµĶʮˢͣ塣




14.  ʮ   ҿҪٵģ

ʣµĶʮһμ꣬ӻ˹Ӽ
ֳʳճĳ棬ƵƤҧࡣԼҲǳͣ죬ͱ᷽ڡʮǿţһپͳˡ

ҹɫڳһĿΧݵСǰһյƵú͵ƣŷʱʱһ紵ҡҷΧһ𣬰Žͷ˼ʱӶ˹㣬Хĺ磬Ҳ¾õʡ
СЩ̹˳ĵһСҹſɿڵķιöԲһ˫ڸǰ۾ﶼ̲סỨͷϱĺð

Сҹûҹϰף԰㣬ʰʰ׼ȥ˯ˡ

һͷӣǰ޵ʮ㳦ģһʮײģֶĺɰͷǮӡ˵ȥЩӣϻȥԱϯͷʣ
ܼϿһʳıǲ࣬ƻʣġǮֻ߬Ǯֻͨ˲ǮǮųƬ̣ԼȥϿʳ˵ˡ

һ䣬ѻȸ

Ϻ֪˵ʲôһһհıˣųԷվͰȹӡͻȻ˵ӣʶطӦŶǾϲ

ģ̰ڣǮϺҲǲͬ⣬ҲƳˡԼϱǸбµģǮ¶Էˮһ򵥡
Ǯǿ˵ġָϯһ궼һһأӡ⼸Ǯ˰ŴΪ˶ֶǮĸˣżүִ󷽡ԭ¼ׯԲǮȥʳ

ŵȻ֪ǮҲǮһ죬ڳԲҩɽǿ϶еġ

һԵڻ˺Ȼһ죺Ǿʹ˵𡣡

Խɤڶը죬Ŷһ顣

ƵԱһ΢΢üͷͻȻˡ

ҡҷϣɾòһ˿ëסʱ˳۽뵳ڵӰӡܹ񻺻̧͸۽޵ķ϶յ֪ǷǰŵĴܾñʹ˼գ˿ࡣ
·һ̶ž޲ľˮ¹ӳյˮɫƽɣˮ֮ȴɫء

⼸նŰţʵ˵ʱǰʳһͷջȻܰڸмǿصֱ߰һ辮ˮԽɫԣԴǰһ졣һԼ٣˲ѡ

ܰŵľٶܹûУظоŶ롣ȻΣҪģҲû˵Ĺϵ
˵ٽӻͻȻȻһǮһȥϵ˻ǳԵġ

ȻʮŮboss˵

˵ܹ˵з

ϷȻҲǮǳԲûʳˡ
ô˵أׯ˳ʵˣܹǿеĳϢաܾϦóʱѾһֺóաѰĳʳϵĺóԲ֪١Щûȥ⣬Ǿס
Ͼʳô࣬ǮҲôһҡպһ¶˵һ¶׬ǮˣĻ緽Ϻľöࡣ

Ҫǣڴһӡǰȥϣһ뵽»˾ͻ̻̲

Ҳ¶ܹһ۾ͿЦЦҲصģȥϿӾͰʳҹﻹǵûشЪϢġ

⻰˵ڣеľŹȻƽࡣ

˵ҲǣЦЦķˣǼҵӲŹӣլӿǵȳʳ⣬Ϲͷܰһѡ

Щϯ࣬ʵóӽӵʳЩ˼ҲԣԼӾҲԲ𡣺úõһվôû

Ϻȴ֪ʱһֺðӣʱӪ˶˵á

ؿȥӰڰ֣ˣ겻նˡ

տɲǱ飬ǻĶǶǿڹġſϷģ֪ʳ¶ǰ.Ųʮˡͬ⣬ͷȻͺ¿ǡԭǴƽ۳ʳʼƽ۳ʳŻĿʱǿڿഫġԭҲһȥӶ֪꿪ãʽ
ԭҲ治١ﻹðŷѩ߶ƽʱⶨȻǲġ

ҹҲǴкˣҪ֣ö෽ͺ

̧ܹŴ⣬ҹҲҹϺŷӽȥЪϢʰʰܹ꣬ϴϴ˯¡

ѩرĶ࣬ͣͣͣͣһһѩ졣

ѩ̫·ߣſžͿһͰſڵ壬һǶձñϹһף֪վ˶áһǣŸĸϵõĻǰմһŰţ߶µؽ̵ݸ

ϸռģʵĺܡ

ϵѩ͵ϥǴĿСɫͷһſ˫ͨ췢ϣʵڶùǺϽȥһˮ

Ĵ࣬Ҳǹ¼ҹһˣסڷɽǸСӵĴβȥɽ򣬴ȥӵ̵ֻаһÿշߵԶ˳ʮġŹⲻȥѩģ̡ȥΡ

Ҳûѣڳˡñһӭŷѩǣˡ

ſıӰԶŤͿһŭˡһˣߵİֵݵĶСùӵģòӵģһǳһŵۿ˺һЩñӰԴѩεø

׼ŹϣǱ߳ڵһ˾ͻȻһǸ˭ж

䲻ûʶžһͰŸϡ

ͷۿŹϾŭˣؾͷҡ

Īݵ֨ѽһ򿪡ܹźѾ߹ƽɫǵģżĳʳЩʱһɽĸģ
ʱ߹Żһһվŵǰʲôڴ

Ȼݣ˰·뷢Ʊˡ

վڵһķһҭסˡһȺˢˢ˿ðʶԼȻһסȺ˶ʱ߳ŭ첱ӴֵĺǸӰɣأǳˣ

ܹβһĿ£

﷢֪ΪΣõһƾ͵ôôˣ
Ŭ׳ŵӣõϥǾͲԾطңˣǲȥԱﲹĹұ˽Ӹϳˣ

˵ţԼ׳һˡõƯòˣЩĺݻ˵ڣҿϷΨһĶˣҪ٣ϷҹҫģǼұҸҲܶ飬ԲסϷҵڣ

ǣǷҶ岮ҲǷľѹĸ׵ܡһŮסţΪ˳һ˽ӹϷϢˣǺϷһӣ

ǷΨһĶˣʮ꿪ʼ궼ʮˡдֶϷǶˡ˵һʡԼõعǱΪ˼ܳٶҲǴٳһǮ󷿡ָŷԺһ˼Ȯ졣
ôӹ˱ϵ˽Ӹϳ󶼲ȥˡ˵϶ҸĹЩܲը޲ðѷľϳ

Ŵ⿴Ʀӵķˡ

⣬Ƕˣ

֪ô룬ĭɵؿ̸ֱ˵˽ж࿴һѧڿϻۣл۸׵Ĵٵӡֻ˵û˵˾һɳ졣һ˵һָܹıҶж˽˷ҵδ

ʳˮŶ֮СʲôͻȻ´ʣһ䡣

ϲķһҭһ¡

ѧ˼裬˼ѧ



ܹ۾תͷŴӵİšŰĸ첲һģ˵л۸ͯԶˣ㻹뵱٣Ķ˸äһ

һ䣬ǵͨ졣




15.  ʮ   ȷʵ

ŵһ䣬Ȼûȴˡ
˾ɲŰɵؿ򷽼ϢֶѾͷ˵ʲôʲô

ʲôʮӹ桷ȫѧıѾǼޣﻹʲô飿
ԭСطһ˽ӡ˵سͯģͨԼһ鶼ûţѧû٣ܽʲôѧ
ľǰͰˮٽ̸ԽõѧȻ͸ϡͿǰ¶ӣſȻͷʶ̵Ů˶ʲôŷҸҲҺ˵˵ʲôƨô֪Ϊ˵ܺŪסˣЦ

Ŷˡǳ׼˷ˣˣ

ѵѧգѧӹ桷ټաϲɫֱֲض򷽴۾

գգ۾Լʶá
鲻࣬ȴ̡ʮ꿪ɣӵĵҲʮꡣޣʲһСط鼮Դѷϻ˵Ͱˮ춣Լʮ԰ҴĵײһŮ˵ʲôѧʵĻ
Ӹ߸߰ʮֲм˵мɺøԶӴúòǶӦġ

û˵꣬Цһ˵ʮꡣʮ죬Ȼڶ꺢ӵɶף׶Ҳ̫ˡ

һ䣬ķɫͱˡ
˵ףֶӲӡҼ岮Ͽӳǿڴܿ䷽л۸ķϡǸЩȥǴˮƯ

з壬С˵ˣѾͷ˵Ŀģ

ԭΪǸװǻƵҰѾͷ仰һϵף֮߳ŭϹ˵ʲôʶʲôǶ飬ôдôô͸Һ֣ͷʶ̵ĸڸָֻţЦˣ

˵Ż־ͻ

һûһָֻסˡ

ò࣬徭ԡ꺢ͯѧʮ꣬Եż㶼̤ȥ
˵Ĳǰţǽðͷ㱻Դİűܹ

޳վֱ˽ŵʵʵ

ƾɵ಼ӣҲǺɫĺ㡣ݵǴñֱ޳ܹסӹĸ첲̧һӡһƾȻ˸ġŵź⧲һƨѩС

ܹ˲һ㺮һ˲䡣Ŀǧأһһɨڳķˣ޹ҷǰ֣Ҳ

˵ŲشðһƲ׼嵶徭ƾٱؿĿǺ鶼֪ĴȰȥ϶ۣ˵飬òǴϳҵͷϣ

㣡ǵͨ졣

ѩѹƽ´˼¶û

ǱôҼңЦһйҵĻ٣ȥϴԭô˽ҲһĶ΢һ²֪ˣǺǴһ

ˣ˵ģſҿʺӡҶô꣬岮ûҲ֪

岮ֹҲ֪˭

ȴøЩ磬žһźϣŤͷ׼ܹѾͰһԵȥ

ʼ磬һ̡
˼̣˵ĻָĺáɫҲÿࡣ͵ӲģԵú˯úãƵȻ˵ɫ߶䣬ûô׺ãſʼĺѾûǰֲ

ܹҲһջһ߼ҩһ͸ķ϶Ƴ˰żۡ
Ȼ֪ǴģͷŮʶֵȷʵ١佲Ů޲űǵ£йҶʶֻſھǡժġǹټҳټҳŮӼܼ۱Ҳǳ˾̷䵽б˽ġ

²Űŵ·һȥʳķľȴ·ϱסȥ·

ͷձñţޡ˴ͣ·ߣŲӵǰͷȹȥǰͷûߣӳüˡӷľĽǶȿȥͿһͲӡϴټĺӣźĴ⣬䲻һùȥ˶ڷ⡣

һʮĿ֣һ־ɡһֲһջȥ߱˵ȷʵطɴˣ

ǵģү׳˶Ƶģֵĵطʮ֮.š

ˣҳңⶼͷҲһȥ¶̫̫ƫƫû߶ˣǡүñסˣҲóʮֲʱʱ͵ɤԵüļ񣬡ûиᱻ裿

ϢŭȻϡƯЩҲø˭汾µġ

仰˵úãүƢ˲䱻ѹȥ

˱߱˵תӰûڿջ֮С뿪ջǣߣ·ǿճ

Ϻֱ¡¶ʮѾûж̿šһˣǸõġԵúȵĺãôȥʳԣһӵ׵ȥ
һԭʮ꣬ϺȽŲ㣬ĻơʳǴ׵ʳģ⻹ͷһ󷽡׵ϰ򽻵꣬Ϸҵ֪Ϸӹÿ࣬Ϻóһأ֮໹󷽵һඹͷҲǺõģ˵ǰЩˤòᡣԵඹѪ

ϺѲ˾ˣ׵ϰǴʲôҾߣܸıЩ
ԴӣͷӺ񴦴ڱáʳˣҲˡŤͷһ복ĺöͷ̲סĸˣǸŶ

λƵػصңð߳ʳҲˡ

Լ߶ԼʰˣڿϾɲסµһӵвЪ¸Űһֽ֡Ҫæ룬ʹ߳˵ЬӶǶȥݺͷĹӼҡ

Ϻ·Ҵ壬ƽֵĴȻţﻹ졣Щ¶ҲֵܽģȻ֣ȴҲûͷͷƵ˼

ȸţ˼ңûҵӵˣ˵ӾȻȥ˹Ӽҡ

ģôȥ˹𻨼ңϺֹһ䡣
Ǹˣ޶ŮϺûǾò죬ϾھӵסҲ꣬ûʲô

ĻҲû˵ݺͷһӶЦеػҡ

ֵһû˵Ϻһ·Ҳû˵ʲô
һӵί˼ϰŶԴáùãﲻί󷿸岮ִЩƭǲӣҪ³¶ȻװƲġ

ʳĥŴ겻ûŸЩС꣬ƽʱͬʱǹŸһ̤ջżͱͷõסˣ취ǾԲסģ

ƧĿջȻ©磬һǺ˵ùζ

үƧģס󻧼ѾõĿջˡʹҲΪѡӽϵԭһ·¶ޣ⽿үôûϰء

Ҳܣбίŭһͷһ¾ȼˣģҾǷ

ʹʱѵˡּڽȻǴ˼ңǵʹԭּӣͲһˡ˵ϵ̲ʣҲ࣬үԴöһܽͣҲѰ졭

λǴԭģˣձһٵߵĻһת

ȻּĹӣݶȴ㹻˵ġ´ͻȻð꣬°΢΢̧ǡ

׸ԱĳӣղŹûЪţ

鲻У²οͦɫһۿϵӰ󣬽ϵѥӶߵġ²ʲô˼ӵܳѧŵӴˣҼҾϱߵĸǲȥҼסգ

˯˾˵ͷСӵҰĶϡһۿ֮Աǵͬʱ붼û룬óͷȥ

һϲݣͼ·ɣӲġ




16.  ʮ   ϻ㳦𣿡

꣬ԭЩƽġ
Աû뵽Լֺ˰µȻΪͶȡɵӷ˵õĽҴŮŮᣬʮʹسǡһӽȥּǱ̬ȻǺġ

ȫΪŮӶҵϣȻ׷
ԱҡͷԵ̾ϢմͱſɵˡǸʡĵĳվϣһ˭˺ѡԱԭӹ󣬳˼ҵ׹⣬ҲǸɹˡϴö࣬һۿ˴ǽϵˮС

ˮвˣڽ϶ۣ˵רŹǹ˴ġ˴ͷһɫˮͣǹˡ

ЦֺǺǵؾʹôԭԶô

Ҳ塣Աĳӡ˵丸ӣ仰Ҳ˵ҸվһϵЦݶһģһġƳݲһ㣬ͷһ仰Ҳ

尺˰°ͣߵʹǰ޵˵ˡ

ԱûƽΪ̬ĸߣ̬ȸЩȻԡνԶֺλ߶ǿͣѩܵҽ޾һԵ֡࣬סűǡʲôģͷ˭ѵʱһԵƽЩ

ϵȻһСԱ⻰˵ھͽˡ

ԱĻȻô˵޵Ҳ治ӡȷʵǵǮʱ紵ۡͷ˺ѣܵصͷ·ݡ

ԱҲ⣬װֵһʼպͺЦеúϽЩɿڵĳʳԭСطûʲôϸĳʳӡζãӶൣ

ڰ֣ͽͱˡ

ɫХۿҪѩ
ڵ磬ʱվѾһʱѾ԰šҳӻǺϻƲϯ¶ЩʳġǰԺǱߴʳĵĿ﷭˼£ҳںĶ

¹ⰵúܣŵζⶫŶЩH
һϻ˵ųԡҲǰԺ˵ʲôˣںһŵ׷Ͼôˡ
ջջѾͷϾһƨԱߵľ˹ӡӸôȻеġɲ˶ū͡ҺͶЩӣҲͺŪ¡ԭҲҲձõı˳ӡ

ϱףúܡһζƮ֮Ļһֲ˵ζŹӵӱӳ˳飬¹Ӿ͹˹ǡ

ζǴӺںĶƮģˡںɵúʮϲˡ

һ㶣˫ӽгţһСƬ

һζ⣬днζͷʲôҪݼ㡣ӳһûζһƬ
Ƭ㳦гһڨڨͣ֡ⶫζ

Ȼ˸ǣɴ඼ƬƬȻһȥöѿ
㬵гɴСһµıƬģϲ˸Ư̶˳ֳһز䡣װһСʳеĳʳǰԺСѾ߽ʳ˶˹ȥ

Ҳ˵㳦ҷ˼ղű˵ǰ˼ȥù껹ǵ͵⡣
ǰΪǮֻʣ޼ʣǰСҲŲʮֻЩǲˣ¶ʮԺûɱϼҼһţʣʳţôסꡣе˶Ϊæµ

û⣬ҲС

˵Ǿ䡣ͷȴ˭Ե⡣󣬹ϼֹġֻͷǲ˸ģǼɢⶼһɻ֮ȥɧζγµȡ
һ˼⣬ȥɧζǺĺóԵġͲͬˣʾѣһ˶࣬Ҳļ۸

һֻٲöӰɣľȥУҲۣĸʱˣֻ

֮⣬Ϊ˳Ը⻨ӣ

᲻áŻ׼ĴԺͿʳأò״湻ǮΪԿ͸ˣǿǲˣˣȼٺЩٳ԰ɡķӡ

ʵշ˵СµѾһõˡԵͷӶ򲻵ʳӺӶ˲١˸ܸɵϱģǻججӶĹǶȺ룿

úã㰲žͺáľ뵽մɽʲô¶ζ¨ﻹеʲôڣ¶

˵ţȥźͷ¨ӵĸǶ򿪣һ˲ź¶֮⻹һЩҲտ˿⣬ųȥɽڵġ

ֺǺǵģããȥ󶫼һƼһֻ͹ˡ

һζ͹ת۾͵¶ʮˡŹ򼦣ϵʮȥʣҼһļѼ˾Ƕɱɾˡľ򣬻ʮǮҲȲֻɴûлôУû⣬궼û˺ͷ

ڰΪԱʱ֮裬⽫ŹǸˡԭŷҴ彻ͨ㣬򲻵⣬Ȼšţһ˻ǲ

ȻȥǰͷĺӱɣźȻҲ⡣

ܹ񶼲ڶݴţںջ𼸺µĳ̬˵㣬üͷΪʵ㲻ĲüΪѳԣԳ˵һĥԭһ࣬ԹһԺ㲻һڵ㡣

ţһ䵽ϡ̧۽ޣüͷһȥץ㣿

Ȼأգգ۾ȥץõȥץȥ

ܹ񣺡Ҳǡ

캮ضһѩ졣ĶڴѩжȹſڵĻѩһǹһ㣬ѾϥˡܹŶץű¨վſڡǶǷľģ϶һء˻װ磬˵ɫɴݡ

Űţſ

Ŀãܹ񽫱¨һ˦̤˷ҵԺӡ

һߣžۻغȥˡ¶ʮ˺࣬ϺһģֻݲͬطĲͬϰףֲϻͬˡûаͳȥʳģʵ̫ѷ÷еļһࡣ

߰Ŵ㣬ҵԺֱˡ
ز̰Ա⸮ϵˡ˻ˣ衣Űŵһ䣬ȵʣϻ㳦ô֪СʮܲܿһգȥһҹҲ㣬ʮӡ




17.  ʮ   ûô㣿

ʮȥ˼ҹԼҲ˼Ϊ˼ԱŽǮôߡһٷʮӡ
ŵûʲô겻ȥļɻ䡣ִ֮ʱϦɣȫݡϦ԰˵ֻǸû̫ĶڡʮӳϦһԲġͷӵĻŹȴվűС߿

Ҳ֪⻰˵ĲصԲʮ˵¶
Ǻò¡ģ˽ȥȷʵЩͨҵҲ˵ˡʮǮǵ˹͵Ŀޣк⡣˵ţָͷһ˴꣬Ͳʾţ 

ſɳܵĶˡ
һҹ԰ˮƽĳʦ˵Ǹ¶Ҳһ硣һæµͻʮӣȷʵǸĲ¡

룬ſҲʹӦˣӵϣ¶ôˡ

һϲԭûϣû뵽¶˵ˣ
¶˵ˣȥҲǮõġ꣬Ҷ˷ġҴ󷽣õʱʹͶһץһͭǮġӶʱϲɫŤѹһӶǺˣиġеġ

˵׼żȻӦҲ˵˰ġһǽͷӻ¶ﲻ̣ⶼӦġҾĳƽ˭¶ֵ֣ô

ЦŹά䣬ӶʱϲЦտġ

û˭ŸȻз㡣
룬˵һ죺صǸ˲á˵ϱĳټҵĹӣúܡź˵⹫úܣʲôԡƫǸʲôŪǸúܣǹ͵ʹ˵һܳ롣

ҲʶˡÿźںĶζôãƤ͵ǹһأôˡʺҪ˺üأҲô

üͷϲз

Ҫϲعȥٴǡ

ӼôϵһĴȾ͸ˣǸãģǱߴ󷽵ĺܡ㳦ȻģԻܼ˵ġʱ˷ˡ

̰Ҫľ仰ʱҲϲЦտǿǸá

¶ô˵ˣûؾͻȥŶˡ

Щֹȸ־ᡣ˼ȥΪʮЭʱûϣƵɫͷ͸ɫžࣺʮҸһȥҪʲô⣬ֵ¶ңҲþꡣ

ŵͷڡ

ͬʱõԭһˡ
ѩ˻ϳĳһסͣԭƷǰ

ǰΧΧĻǰͷһʮ˵ĴͷһͨƤмΪڵĲڵʵʵͷһ͵ƽСŴգɫ봹ܣͻȻͣͶǰҡڡ

ͻȻͣˣƮѩӡǴϵĵڶʮѩ졣
֪ⱱߵѩôô࣬˽һ¶ûͣʱ
һNNߵǰͷϸҡһ˦ͣΪ׵ҵĴӱϡ̧£ͷһ죬һŰ¶һڷڵṫӣò赭Ӣѩ׵ë°ͱߣĵһ˫۾ī

ɫ䵭ʱü⿴һۡѩüĶšô˽ᡣͳɤƮɢڱѩмһ˿ͣǵˣ

ͷһ񹧾ӣԭ򡣡

ǹû˵ش˳š

û˵ʲôź˶˼Ӧʵ˼ǻ𣬳ӣ㳵ӣֻȥ

ϣһ˷˲ԡСطƽǵȷʱֵϼŵ̻Խͷߣһ˶ûСûˣûҵŵĵطͷβһõʳţվûС

û취ֻʹȥʳ

ʳġԭ꣬о顣ԽǹԽûȥáʱһ׬Ǯʱ򡣹ȻȵʹʣȻӵġʱ᷿ţסã۸ȴİ

ûƽЩʱҵһסѾˡ
Ⱥ˲ȱӣ˵˶Ǿ͸˶١ЩʹٶȽʳ᷿ɨһ飬ԼþԺС鲽ϣͷ

ĹȻǸṫӣһĽлһ׺ƤĴ⡣˵ǰ忿ָʹŹˣλǴӹ﷢ɢϢ
ԺûмŽȥƵмһȻԷסͷһֻƵ֣ţһ޹Ůһ߷ţһԳɡСĵػʳ·Ƶġ

ªʳһվǽĹСطԡ

ڹ̨ͷ˯ƹһǹˣʱѹæӺͷƲõС¥ȥ

·ǵģǽ·ѧʿĵճ·СŵŮҲˣԾԼԵ۵õս㱻ּұϳּңʹսʧ٣԰˺ּˡ
޿һԳΪ¶ּҳ鲻ɣӭŭּϷͷһ֮ᣬ뿪ּҳѰ˵İ硣

ڵսʧٵİº󣬰ŷŭּ˲͵͵ʰһгѰˡּ˷ֲԣѾա
·Ѱ˲Ž¶ͱ
һǰʧ٣ԭ˸գŵûʵȴײư뿪ּ֮¡ŰԺСѾͷ֮ڣ˵లڰʧʱܵίϧͬʱ°һҳ嶯֮¡æͷ׷

Ҳ֪ߴ·ôɺϣա·ִ֮¶Ȼڶ̶һձ׷޵øƵġ̻̲Ϊʱյίѡ֮£˽ĻС

ֱ޵һȥ

·û취ĽͻأֻĴ˳⡣
ϾԹ֮ȷʵλ⡣
õƷУǰӣ·ҳ޲ڡΪŮݣҲֻǴӦɰΪ檡֮ŪţΪһŮضҪ¡Ȳ˵ּ˲Ź޷Զھǵİǰ̫̫
·ΣΪð簲ġֻնȥһ·ңԶѰˡ

Ҳ˵·񷨣йŮһ·ӽԶ˻ôŰʱε·Ҳûľżע֮£Ҳ˲ϾֹԽ硣

ʱƹĻֻͷϸ˰ﲻʡ

ҡҡͷһƹ׼ˮ

Я¥·ͰȥЪϢӣ粻ֺ۾·Ťͷžžવᣬ֪˻ˡ

ȻҭƬ̾Ϳ˿ڣ㵱ֱ˵˼˹ݡô찡

·ˮһͣɫҲЩѿ
˵ĳ񲻶ϡףҲû˺һʮСŮĽһʱͿǵ¶汻˹ݣǡ

Ǳ룬˵ĻϾ糾Ĳûô㡣

һʣֱ˵Ǳ˹ݡ

ˣˡ
·֪£塣һ·ϰ̻̲İѾǷ˲ֽ§˻ģ׺˼룬һˮˡԡúЪϢ

˶٣·ĻУصͷš




18.  ʮ   V

ǵץͰ֮ʱͰв㡣㣬һصĺ㣬㡣űû̫ϣû뵽˳ȥһ˻ջ

ĶЯһˮйİ뵵üмЦ⡣

Ȼܵ޵ćNɪһ۾Ϳ

˵Ҳд£Ŵû¶̫ɫһ֮Թߣʲô䵭¶ɫȷʵǸܻʹ˵BOSSֺǺǵºԼһס
Ҫɴ࣬ͬʱ佱ҲҪɴࡣָŴԱߵĿյأŹȥץô㣬绹һ֡

һ䣬ܹ۽΢΢һ̧ؿ

ſ޵Ļ˵ڣҲһ㶡ת˲˲ӣ̬ʮ̹Ȼ佱ֲǱ˵ץûʲô˼ģ

ˮͰվűߣϲɫͶ֮Īͦ˲١

ĬĬţüĵȻ
κˣˣԶѲ˿һβħ䡣

û뵽磬һֺû𣬾ȻⱾ¡ȻˣǾ˳һɣƤһ¶Ѿģ˵ϻĥҲķǳ磬㿴һ㣬֪Ѳ񵶣ɱòô

ܹ񣺡ǣΪôǳļ佱ͻʹ

ùɣȫ

ŵһ˫۾ԣͷĺƤҲε

ܹǺһЦ¨¡һѲ񵶣ץ˰ָŵתʹݵȥ򾮱ߡ

Ϸһվһ׵ˣ̲סϹЦ
Ȼûɻ飬СŻͦ

ô룬ȫ֪һھ߷·һݵعۣһСȥ̨ͷޱؿ˻

˵ֹ˾ְģȷʵͦг

ϺϵĻҴ˸ձñֳȥˡ
Ȼ㣬ûȷʵСģһɰȥתתһȦû򵽣ȴݺͷĹӵʮ

ƽ˸ϵĸϴϴѣҹ㣬Ҳֻӹÿ࣬ûôʳ⼦µġֻĸ˴꣬һһܣͳʮѩԼһ˳ԲôȸϷҡ

׵ҲûҪǮϻȥҳԵЩöϺҪǮա

Ϸҷֱ֪ӹÿ࣬ļôҲûرʲôϺǸĳϺˣЩ귢ĸɵ¶١ģһéʵڿһ÷ӹ˽ȥҹꡣ

ȥ˼ʮֵһҹ

УȲ֮ˡ

ʱɥӣҲ˵пӡһ𻨾뵽ʱԼֻױȹ𻨺õö࣬û˶ӣɷʼնߡ

ǼҲЩ¶ҪҼںͶͷˣӻһӸóԵĿ඼Թˣ⻰ɲ˵ģ⡣ҲˣȻڣǼҾûôļٵġԷ

ӵһ⣬Ӳ

һӿ̫ˡ׵ʱҵţ޵Ҵ壬ò׼˸ɷ򣬽زȥˡҲš˶һԵ˸ӣǰȥϴ̹ⱻ·Ĺ˸ˡ
úõһТ˳ӾôûˡǴ˵Ĺȴ˵ùȥͷûУһѸʬһӣһ䲻۵Сӳײ˹˵ʹˡһѸɥɥӿ޵òϹ۾ɥϱ׵ɥǡ
Ǹָı󶼱ҡʡðѻȥӣ

һ⣬ʵǲܾ̾룬Ӹɴཫļȫҡ

ˡִٵؽһӼʮҪæȥݺͷһҾüϴˣģܴһ֡

˵ˣڷҹꡣ
ֲʲô¶͹ǡűû£ʱӵģƢػǵͷУҲӿҲҿ

ЦЦͳȥˡ

ҹһоûʲôˡŸСʱ߿˻ͷܹһ账øɸɾŵǰţ

Ķǲ˵һͨ죬Ƥѩף۾ˮŤͷһˮԼԱ֮£Ǹöġ

ָ˸̨ƤӶ̧һ¡Ƕ֮Ρ

ɺˣֶ˵

ʵŮ˽һʱҭܹ񣺡

һԵػص̨ͷ

ѾˣȻɱ㣬տ϶ҪġȻϲԺ㣬ڶ°ųյϿɣﻹԼЩڴġ
˵ܹӲǸ̰֮ˡ꣬첻ֳϡ̫̫ĶǲմӵģëѾܾûˡƳѾվ׼İţʹԾ˻

㣬ʺȻʱ̣ʵһ̲ȡǲиЩҲܳԡ

ҪṴ̃ףҪһǼ塣С壬΢ƣǼӿˮ̵ĿˮĲãܻζ
ܹ͸̨ĿţſƮζ̲סĥŵ

ʵû취棬һֺóգ˷ʽһŵĲףǹһ֪Ĳ׶ࡣôСͣʵίʵŹ֡

ŲŹ֣ȵʱʱԼû¡

һζ͹ת۵ˡ
ԱߵúܣһŸҵ˾Ѿˡżææڷһȥϵţ

طҲȥˣＸ˵裬Ӻˣ

ЩڼұźöţԲһȦԭݵƤͷЩ⡣ڻƵЩƣ˶˲١ֺǺǵģˣҼҶϱչ˵ĺáӹǶʵ˲١

ǵӴǺøֵ˵黰ôܸɵĶϱõӻںͷأҶ׳ʵЩָˣ

⻰˵ĸܲסû˰Ц϶˻

һװƣҲ̨⻰˵ľͼһˣĺαظܡ˵˵ЦЦţ֨ѽ֨ѽؾ͵ϡ

˵ʱɾôɵġǵţŹӵƷ׼ֵͷգӭͷײһݻĴǼݳ˴ټѣһ־ͳס½ֵխ͹һС浲ס˲á
ǱߵĴ޵˦žһ죬ݳĺȵ˺ǵ·м

һŵ÷һץŰŵֶʶطǸ͵ŮӣСŸϽ˼ҵĺ󱳣ˢһ̧ͷ

䣬ųǰصشúһ㡣²ӽ磬ΧΧ˰Ҫ˵˿׵÷·ĸƶٳġͷţʣһ˫۾¶ͷһ˫۾Ǻǳĺӵߵ߳ҭ˺

ŰţϵʮֹŹ֡ˣҲûš

ǽյһ죬ֹ䡣

֨ѽһ죬ĳһ϶Ӱ㣬ߵĽǶԼܿһź޵ЩԶʵ̫塣ڰ֣ǳźȻžһϡȻݻʲôû˵Īͷߡ

ţ




19.  ʮ   һ

ζ, ҧź޵ɫʮѿߣźŮҩɫɷףӵֲֻͣز
谵ĳ, Ͷһ, ϶Ǿɲ

, ҩԥؿ˿ڵϴأôԶ, ˰øƵġһ˫۾ܿǶ

ɿķһ, ҲЦɲǣǴ帾ţϺ̬ԣɲǶǵȾϸˡ

Ͷ˵⻰Ҳ֪ǰοԼǰοˡһ䣬Ͷ˶һ, ɫ԰ˡ

ǿɲˣǰҵˡŰų, ʮ꣬˵ֻʣһ˫۾ǻɻͶʶοŵ۾ɸ˲һһ˫״Ϊ޵һۡڰ׷βȴ·Դ֬Ƶķ΢졣۲תʱˮ٣˵ĵ۾ܹԵ÷ȴͬ, γ类ˮϴ, һ˿

ϱӾ˫۾ͬؿŵһ֮ʱ
ԶǵãϱԼ屻ٳקͷӴקȰƣŸײһ˲𾪵޷ͬ飬˰ӻ֮ȥӰһֱޣ޵òˡǺŽԿ׳ֻڻŽ֮, 棿·H˾ôĸ߸ϡǣƾʲôǰҵŮſ¹ڳͬͬǰŮԼ
һӣԴ㴦ѹţҪû취߸ϡ
˲֪ǳٶۻĴ۾˫۾һ治֪µĺͯ˰ĿڰζβĴ̡Ϊū澣ҩȻ֪˼

ĵöȻϵáǸˣԾǰš

ѻȸλƵۻ˿ջ

ѾͣѩջܵĻѩɾͣӺͷȡ룬ҩɫ׵İɫӣӭͷײ׼ŵ··һۿɫԣüͷʱ𣺡ôȥһɫѿ˺£

Ͷ˵һ

ҩæڰ֣͵߶ķʵ̫ˡ̫̫ϥ£󣬴ûԹࡣຮ֮أʵܲסⲻߵ·Ӳʡ֬㲻ˣȻЪһЪ

·Сĵش˰磬ɫҰסӵֲͣزΪġǸϽ´ϣ̾˿ȱʲôܸ˵ҷԸȥ򡣡

ŴɰһϢ΢΢˵ͷ

ģСطѾš֬ȵ棬±Żꡣƽٲ֬ˮױ㣬һ·ûᣬˡ·ǴѾнӹɪɪİ磬طЪϢ

ͬʱſͻȻճ·Ҳû롣˭֪ǴʲôˣͻȻͷʲô¡Ҳ޹أȻ·ˣֻ辡絽ԱĸȥˡϾʮ׬Ǯ˻øϻȥһҹ

ݳϺһ˦ţޣţ֨ѽ֨ѽرϱ߶ȥ

ţҵĺͣ¡Ŵúʵȴ֫ȥȻŷͷһ֡˳պʱ

ϰʳģѼⶼСŷһɨȻţ⣡
ͷɱţǷġ˲ȥţܳԣʱǲţġŻϲ˵ߣԱҲ֪ʲôȻŪЩöŤͷϸɨһȦʹϹҲ١žϲǣҾȻйƤҶȻϣ

ѷʷ֪ʶûʱƤҶӦûԭҸòɣ

һûôľϲſЩϲ˼ŪϣʳǲҲܣȻ˴ýǲҲŪЩ

ţ뷽ӱʰ

ʳĺܶ࣬еѾеĻʰڹܼæĸӹæԼϰˣǰŶ԰˸ɻܵӦ֡ĸӣȥ̼μëһȥժϴˣһչˮ

һæѻϵʳĺܿͱʰ׵ʵţ⣬Ŵţ⡣ȺĽֱʢеĲˣͷû˳Թ
ŴСڽͷʢеĲɫûǹӲĺζ

ţϱһԼ
ͷûиѹţãö໨Щ򡣰ȥȡ˸ڵޣȽţгɴ飬ŹƤ˽ǻеȵһС
˵ʵҲ±±ζȥɣгһСһСطŵ͹ըը߷̳͡Ȼӵȶɳĥɷɸ档ÿһţⶼճϷĩźóԡ

ţʱѾ˱ǡȻŵƫЩģȻýţ˫ӽţŵһԵɡ

Ȳ˵Žҿһ̵ζ˿ˮģҵĳӲ֪ӺδðŰǵû±۾

Щԭôõģӷ·ţЩŪЩʱһֱЩôԣԭǵá

æƳȥһۣϣͷġ

û뵽ôæ֮еܳǱﶫЩ˼ҲǴ񣬴յ߾һ䣺ҪҰæģҴִֽţͷϿͷһѺ

ȴϵڣԼµںɻġ
۾˵Ķһգգӣýֺͷ붼µ͵ʦգգ۾ûʲôûгվѧܴ˵ļɻ䣬˵Щʳ׺ô֡ѧҲûʲô˵һţһʷˡ

Ǹãò˵𣿡ֲ˷ѣźܸɴࡣ

ӼŲУˣãͷæʮ꣬вҲһѺ֡

СŵͷȸǱߵɽҩƤ

һ仰˵ڣûʲôԱæв˵ķ۾б죬ֹšͷ̻ͽܶʦͽ̵ܽһ֡

ЦһֻЩӸһݰɡ

̾һ̸ɹȥͷݡ

һҹҲû̫µĲˡǵȵ񻨣ᣬûǸй򡣴˶Ǵ˱ġϻͷζԱ̵ӡغװ׷ʵĻ㡣ͷǲһ˲ǳԡ

ӣˣ

һֽвˣһ۾ͣǱ顣ӻˣ̲ˣ

ԣŵͷյ֡

СȶͨЩ˳ԣûں

ȥЩҪζġ

Щɻ󣬵룬תͷۻԼӴ°˰̳ˡҲ˰һָ㣬Ҳİ˵ϲá߼һųζһ䣺ⶫǸ˳ԵģĲð˼ҵӡǸҪӣǲá

ųһڣЦſһ䣺˭ģղ

ܰȻ˲˼ͷͰһ̲ˣ·

̳ɫΪÿζҲ̹ζٱȰڷҳԵĺáԭǴģӼȻ˵˽档Ǿͻϻصͷ̳̲ˣʵ᲻ãӣ̳ô

һ㶣ģҲʲôö

ϲζ

û뵽ԼԼԵĶŸʶˣʱ־ϲ⡣Լ͵ѧĶŷҲ˵˳ָ䡣æڰ֣ϲ߾ǡǲﻹкü̳ӣиȥ

ûؾȻҪʳЩȻ㡣Ĳ˵ѡ֮һ

æ˵

ȻǸͶȴһˡͷвֺǺǵģͲСˡſ棬˵ʲôķ˵ˡ

ϱˣϱúܡ

һҹʮˡһţ⣬һͷһ㹽յĴ硣ĸسˡŻǵ¶ʮص㳦룬ɴзз򡣵ϻײò

ǳָ˸֭зͽȳԵʱȥζá

֪㳦ǰģֻŽ֭ʲô󱦱ƵġȻ͵۰ˣô֪Ƥû׷ʰ⽴֭ôġ
ÿմһͷϣ۾һζĲˣ

һ磬ʮæװס

ȻʳĺóԡҹԵ緹ʡð뷨ӱֲɫζʧƷһһ˳ȥŤŤӣںϢ

ĳִ󷽣˵Ӱ㲻ʮӵǮ㲻٣ӵĺ⡣ǱߵҴ̳ţúãصԼߵ밲Źȥơ

ŵͷӾȥ˺Ժ

ҵլӲСŸͷߣ˲һӲŵ̵ľӴ

ʱ˲٣Ҽ̺͹ﶼһΪ׵һ΢ֵĸ˷¿ӣŤͷž˵һ䣺ϻصϯҲİɣ

һŮӣһۿԱŵʮֽԲǹò㼫ƺôһصĿŲ֪˼ۣǹЦһ䣺Сôʲô

˵ҵĴҾټҰҪȥѡŮĴŮ

ű⣬žͻһ䣺и

ɲиּǱ׼ܳȥתһȦŪˡȻƢãֱһȥϣ˵ǿԽּӵŮĻͷȥ

Ǵѿһ仰۾Цˡ

ߵҴֵƤӶһһġ˷ϲ¾ˬԭаŹ͵ģ˵ˡһʵˣϻǷӾΪ±Ĳ㶪һô˵һӣָĺͷ˶

û뵽һٷ˶ʮһ

˱ͻطҴ·ϣ˻ŶʮһӻصҡüЦģ·硣ϺԵɣģ֪ź¶ˡ

æһ磬صһæԼҵҹ
ʳĲ࣬ϺܹҲܴ֡Źӣɵǲ˼ҳҹ÷ȥԺһ

ȷʵڵأһûҳšԭ˵õģ·Ҳšӵæ˲־͹ˡ

ڷֵæҹӵĿջ翴Ӵֲڵķʳʳʡ

·ʵҲԲߣջʳľӵȻдĶͳԹ⣬ҲûʲôõĶɤӣóԡܲܶŶӡ
·ԳͣͣİȴϢصᡣƺԺ͸׿ޡ˲죬Ѿء·֪ǾίúõĹټǧڹｿţΪǧ¶ޣȻǾÿࡣ

ٵȸգ·Ҳǽģ˲ýп࣬ǸӲϡȸգҵǸõӣ״Ǿͻȥˡ

ᵽŰٿһȴžžવص᣺ҪҲǿô죿

Ǿõˡ
·˵⻰ɫĮʵҲĮֻԼĵˣθɣȻּҵıûа֡ｾݴĺܣڽһʱգʱˡûֽ֣Ѿ御

룬ָ˵ãں˼Ҵأ

ôܣ

ɤͻȻθߣ·һ

ƺʶԼ̬ȹּһ±ӣøˣǣҵ˼ǶǸģŮҿ˶ÿɰЩ۵˷ܷŵù

·̾ϢҲ

ƺ֪˵ʲôƫͷȥصؿޡ˺ðΣʣ磬˵ҵ˶á⣬ּҵĻǲһӵˣ

Ȼǿ϶ġûб̣һôãȥҲҪָָġ·Ϊ˻ŮֻһšʱˣڵˡɵѾͷһȥһ𺦵ľ
ⰲţͷ˭á
뵽ˣ·ɵؿʼġǰŻȥ˰ҹ绹нô

Ȼ¶ǰʵġ

ôһͨʵ⣺Ǽ磬ĴұҶã󣬻ܡңңҴ嶯֮¾Ͳܲˣ

ͷĻû˵˴˶һ˫ͨ۾ҡҡ׹ؿ·

·᲻ޣܵʱ¿ӣߣ˹صؽ§öһˮɵѾͷܹ㣿Ѱͱƣ㲻ڣ˵㶼գҷ׷Ҫ˵Ҳ

·ҳǡ

·ĺ󱳣ֻûְҲ񷨻Ҽĳǽ֮ˡдȣȻеģصϡұĸȥǰס

Ŀھ˫ֻסͻȻޡ

磬ǸˣһССŮεºȥȢ

ɵѾͷ·˵ǵȻﱾЩӦϾݣ·ѧʿĵճȢҪΪ·ܸģһŮʵѡô˵־ԼУʱ˵ٻƭ㣿˵ȢţͻȢšǧˡ

йŮһĳǵȵ·׿ڳŵȢصд󶨡뵽ӶǸˣв

˼ȥҩѳ

ǰҵĳҲǰʮĸĻҲ˵ֻóȥ鿴ǰţǧײǰȥ⣬ȥ鿴ĶҲû˵Ķɱˡ




20.  ڶʮ   һ

Լҵҹ, ҲǰŴػĵһҹȻġ
һĿڼһ˳ԣ뷽ŵ, ȡþáԢ⡣ŵ, , һ, ĵز, ټӼشĳˡľԢȡĺãһ˲Ŵ󸻴ųþá

˲ˣľܹ˾һԴ֡

ľִֽ, ʹ۾Ҳժ˵Ļòϸɴȥôϲ, ЩҲʡһûաܹ¶ʮץ㻹ںͷһжȻָʹȥ

аȣһжָʹĶˣҲϰΪ

ҵʳҲ࣬صĻĶЩӶһһ͵, һҹ׼ˡ

һõŻ, ȥó
ǰõһ飬ÿһͷ϶ǡô⡣ִŹǿǺգáɧζίʵеأƹգǹζˡ

ҾһѲ˵һã˾ûá
ùӶСһϸϸϴ, ϴãž͸Ͻڶʵİײˣ²ˣõļһ飬һ𳴳ζϲ㻨ǰҲϲһζǰ˷˿ɴ˵ܲ˿

ܲ˿һĲˣúãʳóԡ߼æڶ÷ӸȥǱ߰ӡ
û취ҵĳʵ̫С˼ͷתѡܶڳȷֳȥɻʳĻͳԽӡ˹궼ԽӣԭҲϰߡϳ֮ǰӾ·ûϺ档Ѿˣˡ

Ҫ˵ȫ˰ŵġҹôͣȫӰŵİϱǱܵͲһҳ⡣ӵĻӣ˶϶ͳȥݰ

˶ָʹȥɻŲȥţϽǶõó

㣬ִĲ٣ԵȴһûΪԺʳˣĥܵ֡ϾͬĻͬʳģζܹҪġԵĶ֪࣬ʲôʳóԡ

ţͣݺͷ˾ͷţ档ְ£ûζĴ̳ӿŲأ֡˰µķȴû⡣̫ģֻߵطӪǵķ·һ綼ܹܡ

һȥһͼ̳Ӿ͸Ƶģòװ¾ʹƮҡһεģ̳ۿ׹

Ϊһ̳˶Ҫҵʱھ޳⽣Ӱûسߡһֻ֣һѡ̳Ӿôȵסˡ
ܹͻȻޱİţָˮͨ쵫ָȴɣᵽĶ

˵ɤӸͨƵģ鶼˾ܲס

ۣ

ܹɵذͷҲصؽ̳ȥ
Сüͷб۾˵ĺƣôǧۻ˳ôԶôֵôʱģòʱʱ̿Ķ͵˵һ䲻˰ɣ

ܹûС֮Ķ֮СֹѶŵֻȥˡ

ţĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳǰھҵ

ˣϴõĲҲϡ˵ɵ˸粻˵һǺŹǣһ㡣ǿˣŹǵһŹǵⲻãžǾŹǡ

ڴҪղյÿ죬ȻŵרְջС绹ͷ㣬ԥ˻ķϺн

ˣշУջһ
ܹջɱɱΪ񹤡ػ¶֮ǰǸɱҵģҪɱĶ˶࣬˭붾أڣ˹Ŀ˶÷·ģطŵĸǰˣ

΢΢һЦ֪񹤵ĵܷƬ޹ǣ

˵ʲôո׼ȵˮܹΪ

ûûľظƬˣͷɾ

ܹ񣺡Ϳʼָʹˣ

ԣͿʼָʹˡ̰ϰָʹֱ׳һѹĵ߶ÿŹǣƬ㣬ƬƬô񡣡

ܹ񣺡

ĬĬضշµ㣬תȥԱƬ

Ƴһۣ˵ؿšȻչģҲֻζżվܳԡûз̫Σʵա¹ˮȥһζȻϰ˽ǹƤƬȵһ
ЩŶҵģǰ͵á֮ǰ͵͵ŵġ

˵ҲǸˡƵɵƢСܽ͵ڳҲĺѧŽձ䣬û뵽Ӻ̬ȾͲʦʦҵԾûеʦ

̳ӴȡˣˮݡյĲƷη̫ߣݵζЩڡ

͵ʮڷӵţó˶ˡ
Ǹʲô˶ܴĺöҲ䲻Ĳˡ
һɫ콥һΣûѩܾ䡣ŹϻܾϮһ䣬žԹӡֻǷޣӵ߲źŪ˼ȥŲ̯ȡ

˼ţһ䣺ô

ͻĿźëըʲôɶ˵ʲô

谵ĹսΪĸ˶һӨߡһݣ·ˮī΢΢Դ˫۾˹ɫ֮°·УܰȥܹͻȻըʲôëǺƢһ飺Ƭô

ƳһۣģѾƬˡһ㣬ÿһƬĴСһ£һķ·α꿨߲ĵػǴԽģϱǸҽ

һ飬ѿڶż䣿

ܹ񣺡

û㶺ˣŷܵذڰ֣Ƭͦãɡ



һٷڵڣˡ

һĿڼһӣڵع˸ꡣζһºᰮķӺ޲ýһԲǲܹ񣬶뷹˵⣬׵˶̹ˡһ˵Ŀζˣ̻Ǹ˰Īš

ҹ꣬ϦҪġԴɥԺ˵һֵ꣬ڷ߾᲻ߡϦҹҼһ꣬Ȼûˣȴǵûȥꡣ

ˤӣľðźܹ͹ӻȥ

æµʱ÷ǳ졣ת۾³ˡ
˵ӦǼҼһݵӣľϷҵֵܽöֵе㽩ûг߶ӲߵˣھӪ˷ľԺûлع磬ȻҲûҡ䣬Ϸžè硣

ЩȣۿӲ࣬һȥϿӡ

Ϸһˣܹһ

˵ָʹŸǣǣѾܾûзˡһҲ˵⣬˽ӯ˵Ƥ໥֧ţͷ·˵ƵġţһƤڴܴ߶ζ

˱ˣˡҲԵĲ٣û⡣

û뵽гһգԼȻҹεԼ

һǰһصϣƽʮְĽֵֵòˡʲôգŵƽʵġߵ̻ţֵȺӵһĶӽֵϴСںͷŰŶŶ塣Щ棬ŲȺ￴

ӰϳҲ塣ΪվȺʱʱײһ¡һǸ첲һǼһǺ󱳣һؿڡػأ֪ǹĻôػײø첲⣬۵Ѫ

ôôôĶײ
׼Աܹ㣬Ȼ͸ֵ϶һֹ˹ôˣ˼ҹӵ治֪ߣ

ţ

ֱ˺ݺײһ£²ǴǸ첲ⶥġ

һŤͷץһ۷ĹСԲƤĺֲܴڣüץҲ顣ɴ۾һҾͶôšĺ̬ȡ

ʵڷѽ⣬ϵ

ʱ첲ֱ˸һ¡ĻͦأŴô񶼸оۡŤͷһͷϴŴľŻӡԲݳĹﴩþͺò١Űţ۾ȻˣҲθղžײˡ

Ҳʱŷ֣ԼվһȫСǰңĶܽ

Ƴһ۲֪ڿʲôܹ񣬺ȻһЦ

ЦʲôĺԲСﲻˡ

ֲʶشûشɴһץסܹ֣˾ʹȺ߳ȥܹȻסůĸоĴ֮²ˡʶǰţһߵüͷ̧ôˣ

ûôɤ๫ȥ𴦰ɡ̫ˡ

ܹûһ๫ϣҲ˵ʲôɫŹֵرΧߵû˵ĵطŸɴطſתߡ

ص֪ˡûһʱȥл߲пڣֱܹҽݡ

ģûϣȰѶˣ

ڰŸܹϹʱһ˴ȥûйŮҴϢʹ˷ľļſڡȥͷӼҷˣҾͷľһڡһľͷͷ⡣ŶϱôǸʱиһױ̨

ű죬һżһ׳ĺӣú档һ˼ˣΪһڳԵģʱ򡣷ľϰˣҲûһǰ޴롣

ûСľҡҡͷǴﶼշģıˡ

ʻߵĺ׳ӣôտǸӡֱ˵һȳϺҲ˵Ϻˡû취ֻԼ
׳ӿľͦǸ˵ģԼôߣݰףʮֿΡ˵ϸӷǳСӹҲ㵱ǧ˽ⲻģݼΪСϰǳܲġ

ûСľ治֪Ǵ嶼ʵˣˣ

׳뵽˵˸ϱһᣬϺʱŭˣɱ˵˵Ҷϱ˵ĹҼҶϱݵøƵģȻ󣬵ҲƲϺÿ˵˵Ĺǹ˼ҵãҼҶϱһֺòˣӵģ

׳ӵ˵˵ҵĶϱȥ껹ԱҹǷʳү޲ڣû¡

Ҵˡ

׳ҲΪѣϺǷתͷɽ·һѰȥ

ͬʱŷԼܹɢˡͷô˻ɢҲѵϽֻû˨һ𣿼һûӰˣ

һʳͷҭСһȲ衣

һߣܹվĽֵҲһе¡ССһԭ򣬾Ȼܰ˸һķϵЩ˷֡־ԺҲóٶˡͻȻ֮ʶһ㣬ܹ̾ϢؽеǺ«һСת˳Ⱥˡ

õǸʲôգʱȥԽԽࡣӵĽֵǲʶȤĸݳдСܹߵһӿڣӭͷһNN߹

ȺãܹۿһСӵȺײˤ·롣ۼֿȥһǺӾ˵ȺͷݳҲһ̧־һ˦ǳ⣺ô£û𣿶Ϲǲǣ

ֵխ˶øӵ˦һ˺ü

ۿȺһҽУ̧ܹ־ץסޡһקϵ˱Ӵ˵ظקҵϡȺжʱһкãԱ߿ջʳĿǡ

̫ãڴ衣¥µ춯ŤͷƳһۡ

һۣͫ׾һеĲûж׼豭ˮ˳䵽粻֪¥ǸĺԴ־ҵض

·һ㶣Ťͷ¿Ϳڵغյĳ

ôˣ

·žһ·²ȹ¥ȥ

·ͻȻľٶסˡգգ۾æϡ¥ͬʱܹ񰲸ܾСſܻȥĵطȥ

ߵò׷¥ʱûпˡҵţ·һȼյĻ棬罹ȺѰҡĿɨУػصɨӣûҵˡڵѪҺ˲佫֮ʱƳȺͷһȺıӰ

Ȼõѣûн»ǿͦεκͽʲˣǡٴ

үүû

ԭž޵үʱû𣿣ܼ˵ʲôӢ˵ʲôүӢǼٵ𣿣Ѿĺ׷ǸӰȺ塣

·ʲô£ֻ׷ڰ

Ȼұеط˼ͻǼ񡣸ûүӰûУղžһƳǰ·Ļþʱ򱻸·׷ϣͣһ仰˵·ʲôоؿʪ¶ȣߵĻȥ

ܹһʱվһʳſͷԴȵİš

Ѿͷ




21.  ڶʮһ   ʳ

ʵҲûгʲôö, ͼİˡؿǰ鵭ȴĪ鲻ѵˣĬĬе̶⣬췭˸ۣ, Ҳһ˰ɣ

ҽ, 絽ϵܹ񣺡

˵, ˱Ҵȥֿӡ

ԭĳ̶ֳһӡ
ںܶǰ, ûӵ·, ﻹֻǸ̵С䡣뽨Ǽһ߾֮Žԭʷʵãʮꡣͨߵ·, ߵ˶࣬γһͷϸмĳ״ӡ
סլж, ͷֲ˲ͬߵиУϺİšߵ鲼ԭЪŴסʳ

ԭһһȵĳڡ࣬ӭӺˡǶԭĽաÿʱʮĴ񶼻ϸϼ
ģģֵļһãַǳ

ǡѵõĺ, ˣҲࡣǸ׬Ǯĺ, ֵ̽նǿŵġĶѾƹһض߶ȥֵŮӵƨɺͷܡȺһ߿ֶʱͰ١

ֱܹ˳ӵȥ
ԭûУūլ˽½סֻҪ˫ˣǩֻѺǮɡ

ӹкܾˣһֱʽ
˵Ӳ, ෴̫ˡλúãɹ㣬ͷĿռҲɾ̫ˣ̵Ҫ۶ʮֻ⣬ʮҧһĶɡ

ԭʲôƧϺ«һСԺӲֵʮһӾʮ˭ӹ˵˶ƬƶʳԣЩ˼㼦Ѽ򡣵һ㶼ӣ˿ڶЩģʮʮ˳ԷٿѵĻһһ±ƴƴһҲӣһöʮõó
ҹư࣬һʼʺĵţӾôճ



ͻȻʣʵ˸ġھӵסţ졣˵źܹ⣬ȥʡӵ˾סòԶһˡ

ӵǸݵˣɫƷڣ·Щǳصӡ
˵һزࡣֲֻ⡣ӵһԴõŮеϲ˲͵ˡؿһǵؾȥţֻ⣬̸ˣõʮһĶС

ܹһۣû˵ӡ

һƿһɷ۳ζ
͸촰սؿü۳з衣һקӰһ߽ӵĸ򿪣мùζɢ˲١

ҪЩҾһ͸ˡֻæһͷϵ麹ͣð

̵ߵ̨ͷóһԿףĹӡ۵ĿűԵݵشŴƤţ˵ʱϵĮڹ̨ϵֲͣظľͷԵóӵ治ˣ᲻ġ

ʵʳͷ֮ǰʶؽ֪ӵĿռλ⣬ǲ֪ͷĳΡ
ҲȥһΪһںȻǺǺòλӰ⡣

һܹȫû˵ҲڲشӵĹ졣Ҽ״е졣ԿŮƺ

̧Ƴһ۰ţϰŵ۾

ŵǿԣԸµġֻΡ˵ţ˴Ŵòŵ̨һռ˼ܹ

ܹջߣӻͳһɰ¡

ӵ

Ҫóİţ׼ˣǿĵطϲʡ

Բɴϲɫһ˲ŷ⡣˴꣬ȵһӵˡҲЪˣæشȥҵʱרŽģռЩ󡣵̶һ㶼ʮˡԷ˶࣬ССá 

ⰲͬϻڷҽ޵̶ӲŰ˸ˡϷ̨һӲ

ȥ̨Ҳ˵һӵĴϲѡ˵ȥҴһͨûҵټķһﻤڽײ˱һ·Ͱ硣ŵҪüë͸߸ߵӴӴӴҿʲô

һŵñһ˷·Ƶ˲ɿ·Ťͷأһۿǰӵ壬ɫʱʮѿ幫ӡ

·ֶ㲻ڽϴźú׼Ŀƾ٣ôˣ˦Ļ֣һһؿ˫һ޵۾бۿ·Ŀѿ˶٣ֲ̲ɨһ԰ϡˣ˷ܵŶŶ

ĿһȥԴûϥһ񣺡˾ˡ

͡

𣬱ҽСŲ˭һˣ׵游˭Ǵ˭˾ˣּҿɾֻһŮèҲףˡ

˲ǵͨ죬һ˲Ӷ쵽˲ӡ
һ·״ʱȥʵ幫ӺαѿǰҵĹҲּҵıףô˵г𣡡

Ҳһ޹ֻּһŮ

㣡·һ˲䱻ҭòᡣΪ·ѧʿĵճС˭ǿͿģδ˵ˡɫൽϣ·ҲˣȻ幫֮˲ĳΪڴˣ޹ء

޹ءͷ㱧һ͸йˡ

ҲǸ첻ߣ˵͸оһʱһδĹȫ˼棬䣬ô񣬷·ڽ翴һ٬ļӣСûǴĻּҿʱǸӻǰ£ʫԡҲųŵĹ͸һӱһţ֪ߣ

װɵİûŶŻһѪ

ˢ̧ͷݺݵصһ塣·˲ָϽԴȻת˲߷ߵؿ޳˾ˣ֪Ǻ޴Ϊ˰ҰѶøϳּ£ҵĴˣһССŮεºܵõ۰ҪʲôҶţǣ㽫ҵ֮Ťְ˼δ̫

Ŷ֮ꣿ㱻СƤЦֺŪ˵ĺ˵óּûŮǴûױãҪһŮŮ̸֮ꣿ

û䷴ʸ˺Ƥ

˰첻֪ôֻһǰҡҡ׹ģҲ˵һסؿڣϸҡҡڰڣۿžϵȥ

·Ͻһѽ˽סôСŤͷŭ壺һ߳жֿһδĹδּҵĽίʵ·ĳ۽磡

һ䣬Űȥ

屻ָ˽ȴ㲻⣬ԶȥŮ˼
Ȼ԰СҲûʲô֡ôּҵѪһϴŮﰵشѹô꣬ӦȻϣ˳ְų

һŤͷǸҵ𣿡

׳ĻҡҡͷǸӹȥ׬һԺ뿪ӣȥ𴦡⡯ˡÿҪô࡮͵͵ġȻһط̫á

ʱȥ˵Щ˿ɲ

ǲ

ԭ򲻴󣬸ࡣõū澵ľôңסƬ򡣺׳Ļּ˰ҰʹˣʱЩ˼ûСġ估ˣ׳£ߴٵгƵؿڣ˹֡

֣ȥתƹǱ߻¥ࡣ

ȻǶид¥Ҥӡͷʱǰǰʮ˵ǴӸݸعģʱ򲻿Ͻӿײһ

ֱˡƯ˲ĮĬãȥ

Ͳµ̾˿ת·

нֵ֣ߵÿ죬ҲһӵĽų̡ޱ飬²÷ɿ졣һһ˺ƺص˴¥
ģһֵĻ¥Ŷǹš¥ǰŽգͷߣǿŵġ¥ĹСĶﲻɻȴҪԺȵġ¥Ŀ๤Ҫ򣬻ôɨһȺͻȻںţʵ˱˯Ĺ깫һ

ûеġһʾ⣬Ļȥ˴š

ģֺؾʹ˴¥ͷŸ첲վڻ¥Ĵץ㰸һ¯صһҵ˵ϣңһ¥˶Ϊֹ

Ǹҫˣ˳֡

ûһ¥˶ͷɢŤͳˡһͨĿιӣǱѵ˯˲Ͳɡŵŵ¥Ҫͱ׳Ļһ߷ɳȥȥʮһصĹȫг

ҵϣͻȥȺ֪ĶѾܲ˵ȥ¥

ǸʲôȥҲס

Ⱥ˲㽫¥꣬µԵɡ޵۾׳ɺңϽ˽ʱĹﶼйڲ.̵ҲҲأȫг

ں׳һһһƣûҵš

Щ

ѣæصͷЩûˡ

ԣûĵطֻҤüëҾ͸ͷ

ſˡ֪Щ˲˵ٵģ֪ĶĹӣղŲûˣûˣǰЩʱһŵĶˣӰСĲѣ㲻Ѿ¥﷭һ飿ûˣ

һȦȷʵûҵһִ˺ƺȥҼԺʼʩ

Ȼһ죬м˹Ŷˣûаš

ʬأ岻֪˵ʲôȻһ϶кýûҵ˻Щ꣬Ǳ߿ҵˣ

׳ĻһҵƵģõıˡ

ϡ

峯̾һתߣʱȥˡ

ߵͻȻʵҲͻȻֵһǰŸճźžʹǧ·Ǳ߾ڶ֪˾ʬȥ·ǰ磬жǴһ¶˵һ¡

˸شԴ

·ãҲֻԴˣȥɡ

һţʱ·ǰƿ޵е̫ˡޣ·ǰˡ֪ǲ˵ǷԵʣܾ·Щӡе㲻˰βŵͷš

طǴôѾģ·ѾЩܲˡȻѾˣҲûҪƧ廳Ⱥ˵
ţ춼ȡԸȥʹʰң̷ؽϡ

Ҳ뿪սֵϾһƳڴշת˯š
ү
񣬺ٴıӰ̵һĿϣܼǴүϱʱѾϢܼҾʱ̵ļǵԼ֪Ϣ֮»һӡֻʱʵûǺ²š

̫ڴϻ۵ͨ

ˣǻġջûֹͷɰ룬˼

ңҵˡǻţĶ͡ǣһүƵӣҲһֶ͡

ߵúܿ죬ڰ˵Ӱ졣

ߣûʲôϵڴһ˵ִӣϷɵĵ̣·
ڿ˴뱲ӣһð˲ҵ֮˵Ǻˮ棬Ǽҵģ

šŽó̯ϣֽ֣ˡ

ֻһ͵ವض˻ˡϵ޼һֿЦģЩ˵סãããû뵽ͷӳһӿ࣬˾Ȼϱүǹģڿڿ

˵ʲôϺʵӰʣǶ䣬᲻֣иţĿʲôޣ

ż״ЦЦһܣʼĥװ޵ơ
ȻʳŻЩϲʱ̫ӵĿռơִǿģڵڲװ޺һԼ뷨ԭҪװޣǸͨÿռ俴ʡ뷨˵ھͱһ仰ˮǸ˾ˡ

䲻˸͸Ŷ

ŵùң߶һˣˮҲᵴҿԲá

бۿ

΢΢ѻƵ۽ǳӡ

Ŀӵһ˲䣬ʯ֮йɫת˲䳷ˣŪòãԺʲôʳûһݣ

ܹüһЦá

ȵ̵װŪãٹһңҲˣ˭ˣ

Ҷȡˣͽʳ

ܹˣȡùŹ֣ΪΣ

Х磬ĺꡣԴȻֵֹЦһǼҵʳ᲻꣬λڴ˴ӭߵˡХ磬ͳĺꡣ




22.  ڶʮ   ţͦ

˵ѾǮ, ҪʳĲҵͷϳЩ
ʱؼƶеγ͢ҪռҼһͳһҪȫػԴ״ԵͼҸĲҵ辭ϡ˵ĿԺ󱨾ɾʵȨˡһմ硢ءݼת˾, ûزƲǼǵĹٷ´ġ
֮, õҲҵ˽½סӹٸתȨ, ȥسǵĹһˡ

ܹͻȻðһ, ˫۾ﶼµġ
û, ϷǲʵϣԭЩ˿ض˽Ǯˣǻͷһ˵ʲô

ⶫð𣿡ΪС, ûš

ܹͷó

ܹ˵ĻһȻŵġͨ˵һ˵Ȼ⡣ŲµŴȻִԷܿص, ҲعɡϾũΪĳܹ͢齫ؿڵһλ

¶þ硣ȻǮѾˣȻÿ죬ʱȥسһˡ

¶ܷȥȻȥϺİһˣسΰȻԭáλڿ߾, سͷҲӵġưĹ, ױӶϡһСϹʹ˶ˣǵǿ޶Ҳ·ޡ

ȻܹҲİһȥֻǼӵͷජš

ľǺֱЦɲò۶ض

ϷôЩһҵǱúܡԭȲ뿪ӵϷɵӣ޲ҹӵݴ̡ӵĺüҾߣ޲ǰ, ϲĳ̶ȷ·һ㽫Ӹˣ

˵ӵĲþȽܹȻۿɻŴķݹͼʶʱΪܵѡ˱졣
ԹŽȷʵû˽⣬ռṹҲǸƽƽĴ˹ھѡ
ϸؽԼҪڲõĴŸоһһ֪ͷҲ̧ˣźض˶١ûѩɫá߼򣬷·ܹƾɵѶ΢΢Ű׹⡣֮зķ۳бۿ㶼ô

ˡžһ±ʣ̧ɫǳǳ۵ףƣǲģ

źɵ߹ȥ
΢΢ƵֽϺȻֳüͼʳĿǰڲṹͼһЩľͷҧϵ³í״ṹֵģһģпռλƵġ֮ͼðһѧͼεִ˶еÿĿİͰ͡ţǳпռ

ţͣͻаɡ
ͼҪҪĻ֮ϲȱ©׷֮룬ţԣܿԡҪִѧʲôģƻ׬Ǯ

ҪҸһôüͷΪĵѯһ䡣

á

ܾնʳһ⣺ôбīֽ⣿

մõġ

ã

̳飬ƹ͵ġ

ţҲǲǮˣڷһ࣬ôһӰӹ

ⰲûʣܹȴ˵ҲʮֲԭûȥҷĴмȴûмҧһͿռҵ׸Ūһϱ򿪶ݵ߳
ϱûؾСϱӰˡŲ壬ձСϱָʹЩûɹĻżһڲĵĿ佱ҲùȥҲе˼ҪǣСϱһֺóգ˶ԷСǿڹڴ

Ȼ·ܹûֻͣܵһЦôֻ뿪أ

գգ۾

ܹѾͷȥţǼʱ򡣡

Ų֪ζʼ磺аɡ뿪Ҳһ¡

ܹ֪˻ûοĻЦһЦͷɲǣҹ͵ѵϣ
߻ߣ¹ʳ齻ңȥæİɡ

ʳ˵˵ѣԱԴٵ˵ȵ£òġŵͷתͷͳ˶ݣȥ顣

׵¶Ųģǧ󵽹͢С̯Соˣʺÿζĳʳ˵¶ԱҲаšʳһʼ𲽶ѵģûйΪ֪ĳǰҲ̫࣬Ŀ㹻ӦѵǻԴ
ԭλ̫ƫټʳĵĹһ⡣һپͽ󣬳ɱ˼۸Ͳÿơûʳģͳʱʳ

ȥϹأҲȥӶ̣Щ¶ڡ

ߣϺԺؾľͷľʵ
˲ҵˣһͿʼɻϺıҲûУһֺľմɵʮǮһֻõĶĻðٲһӡЩСǮܼҲ١
ӻɣǮĴҲû٣Ȼʡһһ㡣

Ҳĥӵ¶ûʳȴꡣڳʳϵ¶˭Ϥ㲻صģЩϯҲʱΪ򡣡

ôʮϯʮ˴򽻵ͷúܣȥϵãҸȥջܱЩüҲţҲ㡣

Ȼظ֤žͽʳĵ齻

ܹ߽ɸڲṹͼϺ˻ָɡٽЩɵĻƽϺԺ˱һȥسǡ

ԭسе롣ôգһաţ͸
ţãȥسǲһʰسǵӣҲǹ⡣Դӳ˰ĶʱʱʹӻԹҲʳһȥȻҲ˵˰СҪȥسǵ¶
ּҵ࣬ȻҪߣ˳Ҳ¡

˵Ϊ̱ѵݼڣʳİ̫̫ͦ˭һֺģ԰ŵ̬ȣǽһɫʱԵĸˣϰӸšķҪŲ.ͷϡ
ĻǼ⣬԰ŵϲȷʵġ
ʳʳ䳵䳵һһ롣ĸȻ󷽣ȴҲǸ˰ײ䳵ּҲӣҪһ·ּĸʳ

⵱Ȼû⡣һأּĸҪԣܹҲҪԵġֻ˽ˣԲɣóԵʳ¯İˡ

ʳҲҪ׼ּȻᰲš

һڴӦǸãһ·ϣǾү̫̫չˡ

ֺ̫̫Ǻǵذڰ֡

һգδž͸ִܹӡǷϺصؼţ͵ġһ˵ּſڣͷּʹӲŽͷ

ͷ˻ŷ̫̫

̫̫ڴ˯ͿһƳƳһɰµĸӣһ˯ˡգգǵ۾һ䲻һ

ҵιԹԣļҵĺÿ濡

̫̫һƿͷһĶӣŵŵɵؾ߹Դܹ񣺡ļҵĺӰˣ˭Ȣˣ

˵ţҪȥץܹ֣»иֶŮ

ܹؿǰͷʮָͷȫ˽ָ̫̫һСǵģ̫̫ˣѾȢˣСŵ๫

һԵİźغһ顣

۵Ťͷб

ܹ治ɫĲĿбһЦ»飬ƶδٰ񡣡

Ŷ̫̫ʧƳһ϶˲٣һ鰵ߵİšǸĿɨӣһת̾Ϣǿǿϧˣ

ţ

ɫĸ˸ȥͷּʹһ̫̫̫̫ʮŸâָͷסܹһֻ֣ĳ̾ϢŻ˵úãȢȢ͡гޣլ۹ɣҲ㲻á

ų˳ǣллĿ佱

ܹͦܣƳʱʱ鴤ǣﲻԾӿϸЦ⡣

ţͦá




23.  ڶʮ£ˣ   ʲô⣿

˵Ӧһȥ, עķȨƽСطŹһûôϡֻҪóʱǩֻѺ飬ž͸ת鲻ѣԭԶ, ͨ, һʮ鷳

ּ, гȻͿˡһ˵سղڡ
ԴԺسǰ˼ҡǰǻΪ˼, ˳ĸسǡȻѾ, ȻǻԼҵլӡŸܹ˲һ·Ѿּҿס޵ȻԼšڳſڴǱּһӣҴȥ

䰲زһ, ֻӡԭسһӡֻعϡ, Ҳøһղܵ

䰲λԭĶߣǴӸߴԣǸԲεĳǳءϱֳʮνֳɷֳɶϱĸسǣ˲ࡣǸӻãڴ˵һ·ߣ˵ʲôĶ, װӡ

ܹŵ, һס

̧

ҡܹһߵļϣ

ţŶȻܸлĺ⣬˻ǵԼȽϺáԶȶŰŶĶࡣи۵ߣóԼ·һϴ澵󡣹;ĹӿˣǺǡ

ȥҸŵĵط

̧ͷ죬ղŻֻڣѾȫˡ컹˵üûѩ, ֵԵĻѩûɾһϣ·۾Ƶꡣֵߵ˼Ѿ˵ơƵĵƻ͸ŴӳյֵϣֵϽ塣

ڽֵϣǰӰӰ´µӰԵòȫ䰲ԭöࡣ˴߹˿һֻûߵͷ

ĸҲ˶ϱ֡ԹǳؽΪΪϱߵĽЩ˿ǱǻСջʳڶ֣Զ߹ȥ춼ȫˡϣֵֻĿջʳ۸ƫЩ
⣬ȻǴЩġ˵Ҹ·ϴ˲ӡ

ֻøŵ˴򽻵ЩӻôλϾ͢¶ĶҪѵġӸˣָϼհײɡǱظ˵Ǵк޹ʵģҲ϶Ӿʹʡ

ҹԽԽ䣬㴩źҲϺžͲ˵ӵɫѾ׵ࡣ㵹ҲΪʡǮúúõ˶ˡͷȥĶӣһҧסޡ

ˣסɡ촽ˣŽðĵƻһס߱ˣҲ󲻵Ķȥסһҹǹġ

ܹʵסĶУͷһ·ˣԼʮһҿջͷǼҲȥˣѾסҪסȥмļҿջǰͣһǼȥ

һ㶣ô֪˼סˣ

ܹЦЦҲûͣµġ

źɵؿһ·ʹȥȻסˡû뵽ôѾеҡҡ׹ĹȥſͣһĿջӹȻУջ˸Բˡޣø˼

ƹǸؿǰˣ̬ȻáǰһһŮ˵ЩڣͦĿܹǰһվûɫ˶Сơ

üͷƳһѾʼܹ񣬲ģȥȳһҲԡ

ҪӣƹȻó׬һ᷿ķǮﲻ׬
ֻջı˰ˣĹݲ͡ûǵʲôˣ˳Źܹûġǰˣܹ˵˲⣬ҺͷдЩӡƽ첻õʱӿջɻסģͷЩҡ

⵹ҲЩҲٲůһ£ƶõˡ

Ҳ⣬ɴؾ͵ͷ鷳ƹˡ

׼ƹĹȥһȻƮƮȻ£ƹģӿô࣬ûסӳǱǡ

һһ㶣תֻ¥¥ݵķԱվһĵӡ
ʮֵһ۵ĳۣһëߡë߶ƻ³ĵһСɵĹѩףЩŮȴڷ촽ʮ㡣ʱһȣչ˫۾䵽ܹϣ֮롣

ſڷϣ֪ǲ仹ȣеȻȡ

źܹЩ⣬׼лλӡƹѾӦæЦˣã¥ϻпյ᷿λߡ

¥᷿ٲðһɬҲҪˣſձĺɰƹİһɣǷޡ

⻰һƹĻδΣ¥Цǹɫʱһ䡣žһȣӸ¿˵ɫͲôˡ޵˰ţҲ֪һؼô⡣͵ЦһʵСѾƵģԭǷޡ

ŵߵĸлҭסˡվڰߵĹһ˫۾΢΢
һ·̫Ҳ٩ųࡣ˼ҵ٩ֻǵ٩˵ѿģӦܹѾȾպ졣һסŵԽɽɤƹģ鷳ˡǺӰɣǷסһҹ

ƹĶ¥Ƿ·ĹˣȻһתߣҪ

ҲǷǵסӣȻܹô˵ˡȻ¥ȥͷסͨȥ

ͨںԺڽĵطȷʵһĲ䣬˶ﲻԡһƿһϵĽ飬һȷʵЩ˯ȥе㵣ĵؿ򹤾ˣϲൽ˽ĵزⳡܲˡ

ܹ治ɫ̤ȥϵİŵϣлƹıʼʰ

³һƹĹҲζѬܡҲ˵ʲôεصҲǶǮʮǮһҪˮԱߣԼȥᡣ

лƹģȥӵĴȫ򿪡

ζɢЩܺǱܹѾʰѵýӻã첻ǱӾ͵ڶֻҹ˯¾ͲˡͷЮ·ӵһߣֶˮһ飬ǿסˡ

æһͨ˶Щܲסܹߣ׹׹°աԴ絽ˮδδմһͣθͻջǵۡ
촽ǱܹѾȥһˮûбӣȡ롣ˮ̣ȵˮ˺һˮ¶ǣܹɫǺࡣ֪ǲǲˣƽﴽɫ׵˴ʱ촽ĸѪƵġ

Ŵ˴Ķͷ΢΢е㷢ȣһסࡣȵ࣬˯һǾ»ؼҡ

ƽЩ˴ʱڰͷŰţԹԵͷš

Ъ

Ÿ׼뿪һסţ

ȥĶ ƽʮ۾ʱˮЩ¶ӣգգʵ
Ŀһϡ˶٣Щʳ
ǲṩʳģֻ˵ˮԼᡣ뵽˴ĸûͷ㳦ôҲԸɰͰ͵Ķҽࡣ

Ҹջ𡣡 ʰһԼҲ

ſģʹûܾһȥ˺

˵ҲɣҲڡôˣͷڣȻġŸܹſڽȥͷæŵ˲ŤͷˣǷŶ¥ǸѵĹӡ
ʱ£һ۵С̨ԱʳȻģҲ䡣ᵽζʱû˹ӸİվʹӸ๤ƵľһԸſɻȫûдһֵ˼

յ̨࣬˴˻ɡĿбƹȺˣ׼ȥͷĿ̨ܹɫԣ·ŲЩ鸡ŸϽȥ̨£Ťͷȥϴˡ

ֻȥϴ˵Խһˡζʵڽ⡣ûסͷǵĹƳһִ֮ۡ£Ŀھһ𡪡ôǺɫĶžȻ

²ԾǰǺʹѾžһʳиϣüͷԷ¹Ӳ˵ŹӣүӸǿһֺóյķϡ»ʳ˺ŪҲظˡǸʲô

Ź˲ǵͨ죺үӾϲһڣ

үӵ¸أûøһëСӼƽϣүӿ嶲ѳʱүǿ㣬ǿûôģ

ȥүԣûȥô֪үӲԣΪŹӵķĵ㵹ǻǸߴĺʹһ۾ûôֻܱһݺݵһԱ߿ֵİţϵתߡ
⹫Ҳ֪ʲôҵģ·ʮر֫øߵüϸ欵ģмöүЩһҡһŤġ

жҴææһԽţôСˡ

˵˱꣬žܾ磬գһ

̨̧ܹͷһ˫۾ĳ̶

ͷƤ̫۲Ǻ¶ŶǸӰŮӶһЩȫ

ܹգգۣ۾ǰССȻǲģ˵һ˫۾ܵ顣СҪôúͷ۾ҪôǴΧưӰøƵġݵðȥͶȷʵʮְȫ

˶٣ŻЦһзִġ

ⲻ֪ʱֹ˷硣ϸָӱԵã˵㳦гС˺һˣཱུؾæ 

ҹعţúĵƻҡҷһջһ̨æҲмܰ
ʵѣֻҪʳĶܰһࡣȼ򵥵Ķúõȴ֮١ͬʳĲͬͬζʱʲôζ˵İաžһ˫츳֣ʲôʳĵﶼܷá
٣Ͼ࿪ꡣζͻİһͨͨ

ϰ࣬˾ͷֱȥϴˡ

Ȼº䣬ҹҲݴϴ괩ѳһ̲ס˲ӡܹ񿴻𣬻ȥϴܹҲϴóϵ˱ǡҿһһࡣŨĻ㳦ӣʮϲˡ

Ҳûһ˳һŴ¶ǡܹӲԵĲࡣ۾յģЪϢ
ϻʣһһʱŰŨ㳦࣬ҲϧŴĳʳҲ׻һҲܳԡҲЩ¶ʵҪ˸Сޣʣµʢŵһߡһȣÿʡ緹

һ磬ȥࡣ̨ϵǸСѾûˡ֪ǲǱôұûšϵżţҲû׷ſջȥĶˡջṩʳ˾ͼ򵥵ڿջ˳ʳ˷Ǯ뿪

˵㻰к˸¶˳ųųʱʱͳԭʱոպãϾܵ

Ҳ飬Ťͷȥͳ

ͬʱһתһȦûײܹķ¹ӱﲻסƹܹ٣֪Ѿ˲˳ÿ濡ôڻ¥ûôÿˡ˴ãӹʲݡԼ߹һ£ָһˣ

һߺޣﻹûŤײϺʹӡ

ߺӲȥɰͰ͵Цݣ磬үǱʲôԸô

Ǻʹѵø˺ɫЦòүһ롣үӺþûôˣ㣬ͷŵʲô⣿ֺóԵġ

ѹӸ˵.һ뺬ϷʵصĻࣿɱ̧

ֻһԲĻŵ߹ЦЦһɫÿķ¹ӵҹͶ޵СģСȥĶˡ




24.  ڶʮ   С

¹էէϵ, ʮֺÿ

ǱԴҲû¹һۡүСӣҳøزС߰˷, Լˣ
վһƳ, ̲סֹһ䣺Ҳ֪ʲô, ܾóʮϤ

Сֹû, ʹӿŷ¹ɫ, ⲻвŮСӳ˻ЩǺ˵Ĳˣûʲôڵġ

ЦһգһǷĺƺˡ֮һ˫ӥϬ۾˿ʱ·һԲϾͳһѵˡҲ֪һ˵ʲô, һ϶ɱʱӸµӣ¹Ӷͷ亹ֹסð

Ⱥʹһ, ﲻһڣߣǸūţ



ʹҵƹѯʣƹЩãȻĳʳȻ࣬һṩĶǰࣺࣿʲôࣿ

һ磬ҹúࣿ

¶ƹһӡûСдСڱȥЪϢˡ

ᵽСȴеӡ󡣱Ͼɾǽ, ƧټĿΡСҲϵĺ, һ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ֺס

ʹӵüͷСأ

ˡƹҲǿС޵ˡЩΪ˸¥үʳ⻻˼ӡһĴȣյСسǰ£컹û˷ˡ˶ѾϳˡҽСʣ

ȻҪʵģΪ˽үӶԵ㶫Ⱥ˿ɶҪͷ



ʵ, źܹ˻δ磬ʱڱֵ
ܹնһ⣬ҹ˵ֺ˯һѾöˡﻹûæʱ򣬽ֵϣ˶ܶࡣģȺдУЩĿŴ·̯˸ΧܹԵ֮µݸ

Щ˼

ϡű׷Ŵе㷢ë̫ˡ

ܹգգ۾ذ°

һԲסȣ徻˲١

سǵҪԭĴöࡣڵٵԭСһġԭеʲôСֻǳظĶҲࡣԭ˸⳵ȥżǹڿջŵζ
˵ȻûҵȶȴſⶫҲĻմģÿڽʽ

ûǴĻⶫŴԭġ
볯ˮƽƳƣȴƸḻĳͳʷϼصȻôسڴ߽СسҲе˳Ծˣ

һקסܹ񣬼ææʹչȥ

ֻ̯ǰͷϡֶһζЩ塣̯һϣ̯ǰûʲôˡ
ѵʵģվ˻ΪʵϡڲĴִǰϴͷץһѵݵŸǰеƼˣǶõϣƣõϣټү

վĥ˲һ첻ɢζ

ܹؿҴ̯λǰİţΪѾͷˡ̧־һƣ̯Ƶһȥָ̯ͷһһСֿģʵңͷô磿

̯һ㶣Ҫ

ԣŵͷù𣿡

ùˣֻͷһĻȥʶǳžζûʡôãΪⶫҪˣûС𡣡

ɨһȦȷʵûС
ⶫǾ鷢ѿģҲѡʱ游ڴСʱԵľеأҲүүһֹȻ֪Ҫߣͺָ߲ȵطɱ׺͵ǿˡ
ʳ԰˵ǿڹģϰΪĶ˻ֻǽһ߲ˣ˵ǵͬڵ׵Ĵڡ

ù𣿡ȶû£ܴŸһ¡𣬼ͻˡ

ԿԣϹ

һϾܷ͸С˵ͷǼ©һ˶׬

ڵϣһһŵؼ飬ûзѿǮһ

ⶫۣӱŪȴʵסԭ۶ʮǮһʮǮһ¾ȥﲻҲҪ̫ߡ̯´ͻˣһҧ˵ҪȫˣʮǮһⶫǱ߶ʳʳ˲

˵ͷƳɫڣҲӣʮǮ׬һǮ

ԭһײңҲʮһҪ۱Ƚϵ׻󡣼ûѹ۵˼ܹüͷ΢΢

УҾһˡȻҪ۱׹󣬵ǲһġ

ʮҿŸǮɴ࣬ͷĨˡһװĿҲһ͸šˣվ̯ſھܹȥͳȻȥ˳һӡ

ȥ˶ǴЩ˰᲻ȥȻ͵⳵͡͵Ķ࣬ˣе⳵ҵͷչ

ܹţ̫Ǵͳ֡

䣬ĶôЩӱūıʮˣŪеӰɫۿʱˡҲżȥûƽ⳵ǹЩŰ¶ʡһʡʹˣ

ϳһ˦ޣӱNN

߸ߣջͷ˵ʹһȦʵˡֻ׷УѾҲˡǺʹӻģȥͷתһȦȷʵûƼʲôε÷··һ۾ϳӣֻܰ˶顣

ߵÿ죬ߵ·Ӻһ˾κص˰ŵĻ

ͻȻŲûŵûɢҪǸ̵ܵø¯һ㣬ҪΪ˰;̧ͷ̡˫Ŀյſһ߼ȵĺѰŵƤ̳һ㼦Ƥ

գżѣ

ܹʶѾˡ˫ѻƵ۽޸ϣƤþҲ٣񴭲ƵģһһѰ

֪ϷΪǰ㹩ˣģĺʱ͹ȥˡ
ôŲУӹǿҲղ𡣰ԼͷһСƿҾƣµġԭŷŴˣóáϽ⿪ܹ죬˺һСƬմҾƾ͸á

Ҹѣġһ·ϲͣãֱĸڽҲൽ˷Ҵ塣

ϺڴڿˣȻ֪աﶸȻʵ塣û˵ȴ˿վڡ
춼ѾˣǲԶԶһ֨ѽ֨ѽʻ

ʶؾӭȥͷŵ߽ǰȥ˳谵֮䲻ͷ˵Σˢһ½Ӹϡ

Ϻһæôˡ

һƣŤͷǴβǼң͵ſڰɡ

Ҫ͵ſڵġͷڽȥľҡ֨ѽ֨ѽһ·ߣ˼ҶͷơͷϡֻйټүһȻĿ

Ҵ󷿵ԺӾڴͷһ·ϣһ;Ǽҡ
ԴǰŲ˶ǰһڼĵλǰȲ˵ֵԼﶼáԺ񣬸ӻ˰죬ûŤͷ˸ͷ˵˵ЦЦģĸصһͶһȥ

Ӿͱ۵ץСӳɤһ

ǴɤʹӺһ죬˵Ҫж׶ǵҲǼһյĴӣ޵ذûôóԺúȹŵӴˮƯٲúøɣϱһֳȥ飬㲻㲻ܸɡʲôôһҪźһӡ

û÷ԸԺжҲֻܱţ˭ɲ˻԰׷ǱؽǸӼ

ߵÿ죬ܿ͵˴βԺӡ

ŸǮڴ֡һܹȥ˵˿žݣʵ˷һŰ˷ŵϡҲʱſײСںܹ·˲ȥȥ

˯һ쵽˻ѣʵǽ˵ġľȲһȥϽд

û˹ܣŸһȥˮһȥҩϣö˯һ˲ĵ۾

ôҲˣ͸˸ˣҲöˡҲܹѵЩ죬̲סˣʱǳʲôȰͨˣõĵʱʱģת١

һ㶣Ϸҷûȣһ졣

Ҳͦáź룬ôͷˡ

˸ˡ

֪Ͳýͣϴǿ˷ӣǰҩȱˣµĺȡСǲʱʱϰ䣿ķſָɱһ˺̫ࡣ

ϵܹ΢΢һǣҲǼʳá

⵹ǣԵúãźáϴʮͬصͷֿӡ˲⣬˿ûôݹˡҡҷ£Ҳ࣬񲻴ȻˣҲѸɫƺĲŸ

ӦǾ仰ԵúãӲźá̶һ£ӵҲ˲١

óԵĻóԣʳܿϴҩӵݸţʰҩ׼ߡ

æȥͣͷ˻ûߣſڵšÿ԰æһ¡ŴӶ˰Ӹʮָлһ·İæ

ҲûƴǣֺǺǵص»չ⣬Ŵˡ

ϷŴӺڰлߵİţССһˣææģŵ̲סһĨ᣺ͷӣϱȢĺðǺá

ˣǼҾͺˡӴмͷǻģײôǣϹͷþӶת˲ܿƤࡣѾͷǸǣӺԺܻģ˺úùӣ

ֹ̧ܹƬ̣ûſڡ



áܹ˶٣Űһúö

ͬʱسǸתһʹӻصջΪүӳԷ˵Ĺ£ֻ˸ģ֣ûţʵˡСسǲԶģշϿʳ

ʳ⣿ǲܴߣµüͷȥ

ʹӦ˸ǣһ¥ŵķ䣬Ҳ̾˿үĽᡭ




25.  ڶʮ   ֲ֣಻

ܹ, Ȼ˵ںת˻ЩԵġ
Ҳ䣬ûѩ, ԺԺķϻűӡҲָʹɻ, ڼš, ܹʱʱ, ˯һֻáԭЩֲµ, ۿžһȦǸˡ

ɵ¶һϷڶϺľľ˶ܱ˶ŵ, Ŷȥһˣ깤ȡĶľῴ

ӵʱ˱Ǯ, ͲģȻҲҪôߡҲֻṹɡʲô¶ý¾޺áһţӶڶ³ˡһҲǻƵգ˿, ˼Ȣ, ҵ

õ£¹ⶼꡣľϾһ칤һǮǵ˿գǰѺ̨Ҳӹһ¡

ŵЦˣǵܵ

Ϻ˱һصͷɫӣŤͷȥҫ

ﰵćNɪ̲סЦȻȴ̾˰ֻҪӹú, ͷܶͶо

һڣȥʮʶˡ
ԭ߶߲˹Ϲ٣ȴҲȫûС꣬Щڿ˼ҲܲײˡԲײ˵ȶⶫֵǮԼҳԲ̷գҲܻİġ̷նǵͼۣõʱһǮһõʱǮ
˵յʱ۸̷ͣתͷᵽȥ͵÷ȥܱ˲١Ǹ˼ңӹÿҲҲռ˱ˣһǮһʵĹϹ߲˶ţʹˣ۸Ҳܱһ롣

˶æԵðЩҵ

Ǳ߰鰲ųȥԼڼﵷĴسǴ
ϡûУ¸ûС̯ԺӿûǸʲô£һƤð֭ˮʲôϡĹӣǹϹʳˮģôƻе񡭡

ŷеƻ֮ơ

ܵˣҲʳ7~8Ⱦܻ10~20Ⱦ׳ɳⶫҪ̫һĵܻߣҲ̣¾ܳ졣ⶫҪϱ͢ȫΧƹ㿪̶ֲܴܺϸƼġܲǸö

ʮǮһֻ˰ֲǻûƹɿڵĲȸóԣƹ㿪
ȻĲе¶Ǹʸ͢˴򽻵˵Ҳ١

Щ

æúܣȥƽȣĹ򶼺ϡһɲôɽյسԹ¡ЩЩָ֣ʡһʡ

ҲѣСʱ򣬰Ÿ游סڴũʱ򣬾͸Ÿɹũȿ龥ԷֲֳѡӤȭͷСгɿ飬ֱӲ硣ǳԱɡպõĲʱ䣬ѡ˸ʱ

ʱֱӾ͸˵ˡȻйũľ飬ǺܶǰڻĶصİȡȻĳϢȴȰŶࡣ

ϺЩò׼ûĶ˵ô֣Ūԡ

вԣҵڷľȥǼ걻ֵܼϷֵһɶĶػǴ峤ʵڿȥֵ۸ˣٳġ
˼ȥŽ򵹺ԺĿյϣôԺӿҲǿţ翪

ڶû۾ܹ

ȻܹٸʲôҪ󣬴ʱ򶼲˵Ҳ֪ôأκ֮ǰʶؿɫ

ܹҲʮգһֱġԻ̧۽ޣҶũ顭

ˣ˵⻰ͬ

ŷУԿԺһճɡ

ʵ벻ƻһĹʳЩѾðŵĹǡĹ˵ǣǾǡ
ܹ񣬹ûʲô׾͸ᷢ

ЩӼæҲþûúóԷæͷ¶һǲ˵һǲ¶ģһ̲ͣЪⶫûУǱĶûҲȥϸЩȻǳζ

ǸãϱʳʳôĻ᲻óԣ

һ˵һ۾

ĳʳ̫ˣСʱ·߳ԵСʳŶʮֲġŻûҵŲɶ̫ˣҪͺˣ

ؽԤһȫ硣
˿ǲ٣ܼҳһˣ˵Ķʣ죬˿ըȻĸСʱСʳһȥسǰŻ˲ȻȵϻȻζҲ֥ʿ֥ʿh

ŲףԼЩܲˡ̲סۡ۸һˬɫȫͬɫҪÿǫ̈棬ҲʧȥĿڸС

Ҳ࣬һŪʮʶָʹܹƤ

ⶫƤЪϢôãѴ϶յġӹŵĿҲûֻܾǲⶫԭƤԵġ

Ȼأݹȥȫʶؽ˰ҲӦƤҲʲôػ˾͸ˡ
ۿ˶ſߣźסȵȣϴɾƤȻŪӡӡ

ܹ񣺡֪ˡ

ڷȥæҲûܡȥɽڴʱһҰӣڿɽһ档˵ӣҰӣû͸֮ǰ͸ñѾܵĺժǡСʱɽҰҰӳԡǷɽԵʡŷӣʱһĺ죬Ҳȫժ
ջæӣһڿûϴء

ÿջ̹һûϹҲȱ̡ΪŴţһ˶˺̵ϰߡӱǸóϻˣƿŸɹһؾѧˡʱóûü󣬶ġ
һ˺һ룬ʣСͰڡĥ̲˷ѣܵﾡáҲþû㣬ӣҲУӣҽࡣ

ӣҽִʽ㣬ķõţ顣ûţ飬ҲݴȥܹϴõĿĸ󷹵Ĺתͷȥſͷӣҡ

ܹھĵϴһϴһ߽ƤҲˡ۽ǵƳһ˫Ь̧ȥŶһӣһسЦ

ܹ񣺡

Ҳϴ

Ƕɡ

ӣҽ׾ͺܼˡ
ǽ죬˺ƤȥζһࡣνӣҽҲϲʵġӣȥˣӵճ֭ˮϱáļѶȲ㣬ζûڷǶ١ǷŵúãζȻǺá

ٹ߰ӾͿˡӣҲ㳢ζǼ˳Ŷúáŵ˵Ҳܵһˮ
ʱ޿̲ǮźεѾʼ˵һƻ

ܹϴӣҺ֪Ѿͷĥʲôľð̵Ĺ˫룬һбЦĳ

ܹ񣺡ϴˣҪջ𣿡ջѾרǹĹס

İһޱתӹ

ա

Թػصλ

ò˵ժӣȷʵǶࡣϴȻһ衣ôһ޵ӣҽȥʷҪɾĹӡܹˮһɱɱ
õǻǣͷûаɰǣֻлǡеⶫˡǰҴǵųԵĲࡣʳҵڼֲ˲١żȻӣҽóá˵һӣңİ˲޵ӣҽ

ܹһԿСĻǸӣһֻۣⶫJ𣿡

ֻŶܸоJζ

ǽ

ܹ죺ⲻ𣿽Ҳģ

ԭܹԭһʱֻ֪󽴣ʮָմˮĹϵôѾǷǳо²˺ʹжֲ塣ſüͷģøһһ͡ӿøմһ쵽ǰ

ܹüͷ˲šĴᡣ



ڶ԰ųյϿɣ̵ظۺͷСһ¡

δζǣһ˫γ۾ؾˡ

ţ֪Ǹʳء

ܳJ𣿡

ܹ˵ˣС¯ϻʣСĺͮͮӣҽۿɼȸԾ

ЦһȻظСɰ

ǶʮѾƤ˿ҪеģĸԼܳһ̡ʮʱЩࡣ͵˿ܹƳûװɰصȥջ۴̴ðӹСѾƮһ˵ζ

ŽʲôгɴСһµ˿ˮš̲סһ䣺ϴۣ

ԣЦˣϴۻࡣϴۿڸоͻеġ

ŶһվһԿ

ʲôѰ߲ҲûʲôǼըͻһĲ衣Ӳ˼ʮ˵ˣһ۾ͿˡϻȥæҲЩ֪ȻЩһ¸ܳζ£һԵϡ˸ӸЩĥɷĩ
ܹţŲ˷ÿһ˳һ

ࡣ

ܹﱧ˸Թؼɻ

ٵݻŲȥζ̽ȥ衣ֱһճϡŽ඼ŵͷһ

ǺãһӣߵҲ඼ˡ
Žýûйΰ壬ò˵ݲ˸͡Ȼһ׵ӣҽȥζЩܻãָһסӣҽϣ˿˿ػϻư׵࣬ˡ

˰æȻ͸졣һһ˿ŽƵζЩʿˮ

Ǳ߳Թ˵ʳҸ˵Ŀζ

ŶôȻͿʼ¿ӡܹӣҽܾˡðŸгĿ飬㳢һ顣
һȥζڿлûбܣ޷ĿڸСҡҷ£һ˫۾÷·õߵĺӡҲǵһڳࡣŮ˵ܹĸȾҲѲˣʲôģóԣ

ʳĲôЦ

ȻܡͷĸСƵģⶫҪȥϹۡ

ϺģҲˡż״ϵĸ̫̫ʳĴүǣƲ˼

ʣµĽ˿⣬ʣûʣµġһӲЩ׷˳Եĳŵ߲·ûˣûвóԵʳģֻвʳˡʮǮһȻЩⶫڴϡ֮ָ׬Ǯ

һζ͹ת۾͵˶·ݡ

ܹҲˡ˷Ϻȥϼ๤ʵɵĲ࣬ȥҲֻǼϲϸֻҪϸ񣬸ˣӾ깤˾ȥɨˡϺβԼļҵͲסôлӻӡ
ʱȥڼҲסǼҿ֪ļҪɱϾʳڼʳٲ˵ġڴʵ⣬ɱȥ˵öࡣ

ڵһؿʳ⣬˷ֽšԽٽŵӾԽţշתģʱ첻ޡĹǲҵ

մøڿĺڿƵģһõԺﵷ

˸ͷԺӺͷǿյϷС˵СʱɹũʵѾûʲôˡϹƵǶڶûܷʲôáǴͷܹ񿴲ȥ«ưѧƣӹͷء

𾪲ѣ

۽磡ɻǰ´ˣѵʵǸزģڹŴְҵǡܹǵҵĶӣ

ҵĹ˲֪룬ɴ˫۵𾪱֮£˱ֱؽͷŻźͷ

ʱ򣬰ѾշƬϸ沥ˡ
ܹް׵ԱߣۿѾͷ˫Ưٿٿ٣ٵָ׷ﶼࡣ񱷢ʵܲˣһסſٶצӣôȥ֣

簡һ޹

ũûд֪ʶͻȻǵܹһ£ȷôģ
ţȻΪأ
ȻǵĲ衣龥Էֲֳôġֵˮ͸ѿڳԡ

ܹ񣺡аɣû˵

ĶһĨܹüͷôһһָͷؿǵָ׷춼ɾĹë̸ֲ֣ڵ˵

˲ˣУ

¶ܹǾ͸ɾ˺ܶࡣ
˹ȻǵҵĶӣɻϲ֡Ū˸ӣֱӸش𾪵ؿŲһȥһԲĶҴ˲һŴСһ¾ȵĶȻһһŽһּһľҡ

ţũҵе豸

ũҵе豸˸ưָһˮֱ͸ŤͷţУ

ŶɵˡһڿˮͷԵġ




26.  ڶʮ   ʳţ

Ȳܲܳ, ǱҪ쿪š
ӣԭߵϰףŵһջЩһϯġڶǲԴǵʵ, һֻ֪ͷ, ûʲôñȽеѺáľֵõ, ЩЩ¶, ľʵȥ

ǾͲ롣ЩֵܽΪʮӵĲ¾Ƶ÷ͷѪ¡ҪǱǿ, ǵɱ˶ƣ

ľҪǺݵģЩҲôࣺ׳һϯ棬ǻܲԸ

ǲԸǿ϶, Ǳʲô˼˵׼ˡ˶ѪԵϵذ⣬ȴⷽϺز᲻, 룬ΪʮӵĲ£ǶϱҪӳϯûͷ

㿴¶Ǳ߿Ǹˣ̲ס, ǲûԼ, Ժſָûﵱء

Ϻﲻ֪ٹ̵ļһôģ

룬롣

ϺҲ֪Լʱ򻹷ŲʵǲԣƳһϰƽ˳ϰŤӿһߣһ仰˵

ѵɬúܡ
˵ʵ, Щͷӹӳ˶ٿࣿ˶ίͷȹԼҵֵܽãǱˣԼͷԽϸţͽţԽֵܽǴƲշӱ۸ֻܰѿʣ˻ţͻȻΪԼίˡ

Ϻ̲סĿ⿴ܹܹɫЩ
ܲˣŲ̲˵һ仰һأһ˵ӣ͸ӵġ

ˣܹǷĶӡڵĶ߰ʱ򱻹ӹߣҲġȻ˵ûѪԵϵմһ磬󷿡ǷЩֵܽõӣ͵ڶˡˣķزɲǵģ

ϺĿھѪɫ˲ʾˡҲ˵ˣһſڰરળ̡

˰̣ϺЯһϢݡζǺˣؿ۾ƳӰͷķӡðҲˣӾڽİһԡƽ÷ӶẰԴҲ

ѵƢܹһۣε̾

ȳԷȥķӣ˻ĨᡣҲѹ֣˴뱲ӣòײŹһµӣԸȥ鷳

ʲô¶극˵οҲûȥǱߣⲻǻڸ

ӱôһ壬̲סžžµ֪һˣɿͬأ

ϺϰССһſڶϱޣܲ᣿ϻϰһͷѪı̧һûˡ治ֵܽóżҵĻ֪бµø߿һͷǶҪεӰֻ˰ˡ

ֵܽһĸͬ飬ԴϹͷŽ

ܹһ۾Ϳ˷ϺĹǣ˵ףе˾ۣ󡣷ϺȴСʱͱֵܶµءΪʿ䣬󷴵˸ʲôǣʱһţʱְܰʲôģָıƺ

Ϻص̾Ϣһ

ߵסļģ

ˣϺǿ壬һһΣı˭ŶʵڵͷмܱûҺãȻ˵ǾͲˡ

Цһæܹ

һٳĬ

˷ھͻЪϢˡ

ſ˵ıӰʵڲ֪˵ʲô˾кõһȻҲвõһ档ϺıԣǼʼˡ

¶죬¶ǰȥġϷûʲôѣܹҲûУֱҵĴ̡ԭԱһָĸһңԱҲǸƺʩˣһϵ
Ҵû뵽ŵܵݵ֮£ȻҲӦˡСҲûôݽ͹أռ˰žСͦ飬Ȼˡ

ԱһңּҵŮҲ

Ϻ̾һϵĸ˼Ҷˡһɥʱ־ųϢö̫̫Ƕϱб°

ûб²ô˵ģּҶȻǳġ

ԭΪǴһ˹ϯ軨ʲôġϾִſ궼ʵû뵽ôȻŪ˸ʨĹһϵõ죬ʨһֵ֣Ŀⶼ

ҴﻹŪ˹ұžһȺŷŷֵСͯ

˵һô¡ܹվڴſ΢΢ЦصػһµѴ˵ˮΪɫΪǡһͷڷ˸෢΢΢һˡ˸վ棬ʳϵĺ첼ôһק

ɷĸ¶˲һҵĺȲʡ

дĲдģһһСʡ

šҡܹ΢ЦҲСĻء

̨Ⱥ˵ǲֵĹҶҴܹǷȢһ䣬ʱһЦ
˵ܹӵܾʳơȲܸտܳԶٷסٻص꣬ͳ︾˲ͣüľǼʳͿˡ

ֲú̼ҪҿŮԣƳһĻܹͻȻԼҲʰʰһˡ
ϰѽŸסˡͲٸҹ

Ҵһҽֱ¥᷿ǰصظİᡣּŮһߣҲˡһžס֣ſҵܹ

֮˽֮úõעĿġ

ֻǰŻû˵ӺͷķӴŵվ˵ŵķҵĶӡ
ֹܹµ꿪ţĸһһ¡һӣǰȥѡġѵô棬˿װ·Ѹ̴ҽ̵Ļˡĵһأ̬ȻⲻЩɪ

̴ŮҪ˵ģʣһӡһ䣬ѵü˾޵ˡ

ɵúúñѾͷ˵Ѿͷһģӵҳ˲̶ϽĹҸŴʱ̬ȸǺͰٳòƤҲ

ЩΣ¡˵ˣԼЩˡ

ûȥץҩĶҲͿˣûôá

һԿߵһЦԲԲһЦ۾ҲǸ죬˳۾ͺ⡣ߵߣһһ˵Щأ಻СǶ׵ҩˣ

Ŷˡɢͯ˳־ͰѶˣԾӦô󷽷лĺ⣬תͷͰЦسƸһӵ㡣
Ц˵úܣҿɾ͵ˣ

ĲóԿɲŶ

ر׺ò̫ϲ

ȻһڴӦҲС㵥һ㡣




27.  ڶʮ   һ

ʨĸ, ʳŵһձš˶ָסҲǸӵġľһӡּҵŮԼ¥Ǽպײ̿ŵĸ˶ǽƱߣ³ԷĲࡣ
һϵԭĿԴ, Ͼؾˮƽܵ, ֧ʱ¹ӡȻڵصס, Ҳû̫˽ġ

µ꿪Ŵ, ԷǴ, յһɰۡ

һ䣬ӭһƬȲ֮

ڶ֮ǰѾοʳĲ˵طֿ, ƽ۸֮һ㡣˵ҪʱĹ˺͵㰲ɫˣҳǵҲܽܵˮƽԭû³Է˵, ܾüűˣ׷ױʾ³һζ

Բ˵컹δ͸ڳæһʱ֮ǰ׼ãڹšʱܹãǸӸ˲һҪͷ

˵һ, ڵķ˾ܶ

ŵȻ˵, һȥܼҲ˵һسԳԵûйĿζ۷׷ס᷿֮У￴ǰӣҽգգ۾ˣ

ҩ౾ʲôϡƷҲǷš

ЦˣҲǣǸ¥ŮͶһݡ

˵ţŮ캢ǰһݡ˰ִ̣İաʺӣҽ̰ɫϣͷϸ͸ӣҽ֭Ĺս, ľʵƽһӨ͸㣬ʮϲˡ

Ǹģľױһס

ȻŮԺͺ޷ܾζһζǻԲԲ۾ɵϴʳﻹûȥͿŵúóԡ

ôһ˵ҵŮ캢Ҳľ׳
ıܿڸУδй顣˶̲סľ̶ԡЦЦһñȥּ᷿Ǳơ

ּŮ檣˵Ҳּҵ˽¡˲ͬȢҡ
ԭߵʱĸƸСϣĸԶݣ޹ԺּҴᵽϡ´󣬹ԽԽߣسʱûȥźĸسְ꣬żȢسһŮΪޡ
߷֣϶̥ҲһСġСҲǸּõģһСӣ̫̫ϥ£缸ǰȥسǡ֮չĸйҸĸմ״ʵģǲܱΪ檡һ˭Ҳá

ɷ涨ֻȢһޣԭ߻ʵԶֻűˡһһسǣҲ

ְسǣ󲿷ʱسǸֻٽ濴ĸײŻϵլСסسǶסЩʱգ߽ĸҲȥسǡСϺһ檡ͨûߡּŮǿڰյķϡ

չּĸӶ֪꣬ĸ̰ĵС̰죬ΪһڳԵڻϵ¶ֲ϶԰ŵ̬ҪͰжͰվӭ

֪¶ȥسǰ²һ·˵ġ
ȲΪ˴ΣּҵһС˵Ҳֻܵû˵ϾֻǸ׬Ǯļ̶ѣҲʲôʹеèŮ˹ֲϲʮͷϵøʮģЩĸп

µ˶ţֻеҵǮ᲻ɴݵ

˵㵥ܹͻȻ˸硣ӣüͷɼֶˣ

Լʱ򲡵ңæȥ÷Ӹһ뽪ȥ

ֲŰ˵˺һСҲԹɵģĺܡСԴֲ˵˻ִҴȥæˡ

һյȻ̫ãµ꿪ţǰۣȻû̫ϣ
һһƣ۵Χǰյ룬ܹټ죬黨Ƶķɿؾ͵ˣǮʮһͭ塣Ĳ˵Ԥϵĺ̫ࡣ׬˵ʳĺ˹ĳɱ⣬ȻܶӵǮ

һվ˶ڴȵĶһ٣ﶼˡ

Թԣֲ˶뿪أԭ׬Ǯľ˫۷Ź⣬ɤŶ˲١

ӸϯҲõӣǶżϾ˼ϯ档Ȼģ֪׬ǮȴǵһʵصظܵҪûۣǲǵʮ߰ӣ

ǿɲҪ㣬ͶȥǼ¾ջ
ʳţίʵ˲ӡӶʮһĲپͲ˵ˣɺʹõμҾ߻˲¥ҹ޵᷿ܲõü򵥣ӡЩҲӣʳģһʮ
׬Щȫȥܹȥﳭ屾飬ʮ

һվ׬˰ǧһöʮ

ʳľζþ׬ǮζڿЩǼҾ¸ˣ
Ϻ˴飬ȴôزסЦ⡣
ҲܾԣκҪɹٲʱ˺͡ԼʳλúһҺּҵ֮ɫá׬ЩǱȻŵûʲôرĸпҲеģµ꿪ţϵ˳Ըʡ

˵ҲʨӵĸûһãҲûô֡ŤŤ۵󣬡Ǿͻࡣ

ҶϾµ꿪žͿһءǴ֣һ־͹ȥˡ

鶮ʵʵӣ˭ƽ

Ҳ£ŵǺõû˵ġΪֹԹĶ˵áүۼңǳö֪ܲôϺ󶳽֣ûܽĿڵļѹȥ
ԭ˵ڣʱοš

ûϺ˵л˵˾ڴôˣػصܣ˵ĻҲ࣬ۼʳ˾ûвģ

ϲЦտʱҲҲˣźлͷ͡

ܹҲЦˣÿš׼յʳģЪϢ

˵Ҳǣĸ˾ʣʳĳһٹӡҴʰһҪȥϴ

ʳȻΪʳʵǼҹסһԭȶҾջģ¥¥᷿¥䣬ʻεذΧһ쾮ĺԺһյĴãٺӺһ䡣
ôһ㣬ʮð㲻Ȳ˵ƤֵֵǮⶰҲûӲܽɡľ˹ԭȵĶҶʮȥˡ

ԺӣǸסġһ䣬ܹһ䣬б档ϴûԭ±˯Ҫش˻ںûߡؿɫѾȫˡϺͷںͷ񣬷Ӳϴ̨û˵Ҫߡ

æˣܹ񵭵ЦһǱӣԱ߿Ǽ䡣

ķһ٣̧ͷЩȵӣôӣ

˵Ų˵˲֣ŤͷͳͷһľҲĸͷڻţæҲȥϴˡ

Ƴһܹ˸ϴ裬ڷķһմˮͰˮİ͸ۣ͸ˮ·һˮ֬ڷˮڵϺõī͡˫۾°ܾЦĪмֹӸϷʡ

ʲôעӣŤͷ˳۽ڸͦıһϸӰӡ

ûɫˣסһ죬ЩãֽӸ֡

⻰ܹͬȷʵ

Щ˾аɣҪæ̫࣬ϴòʱӶãҲһգÿò졣

Ͼʳģͷʳֹ˲ˣнҲġ

˵ҲǡŵͷŤͷͻȥЪϢˡ

ܹգգ۾ıӰãüͷѾͷͻȻʲô

ûֻԲλࡣǾʫ˵ˮܽأÿһն̵仰ܿϧǴԼ⣬Ǵһ֪ġٴڴǰ˷ûһ澵ӡŲ̵طʡԼĻô

ʹó׸ӶˮĨϣϵĸӸЩĨһ㶳ࡣ
һ㵱˯ĤãͲòˣ

ʹػصϣϱӣ۾˯

ܹб棬ۿŰŵӺһۣ̲סЦӳܶ࣬ǳ̫ƣѲһ򵥵ۣȴʮֳʵǵһء

˱۾ܹ񷭹ȥҲ˯ˡ

һ컹ûڵѾ߶ˡŵؿȥ˺ظһ緹Ϻţȥӿ˲ˡ
Ƿһ˵õĲˣաϺʱȥ˹

һţ̵Ͱվſڡ
һѣںںġЬ˸Ҳû죬ôͷ˵ǷϺ˶һû˸ʰȻʲݡ

һ⣬Ҳк˺̵ϰһֱ˿µ̣ôۿɼġ̵̲ҩĻãն̶òС̻ǻҪ͵ĵطˡ

÷壬תůԺҲҪġ͵ϣҲù·ȥҴˡοŸкúãܸ

һͰ𣿡ӣҽĳǷϺģٲ̣ɻжģ

һ㶡ոһͰҲȻֻһͰ
ĸֲһСӣǶúܡȻԴǣ⻹ǻģҪ𣿻кܶࡣҪĻͻ̯ϼ

Ϻͷɣ㰴һͰʮ㡣

ſھӦˣУ

ˣϺҡͷп˾䡣ţţյؾȥӿڡ

ʱһһİײˣܲԲײ˵ȵȶںԺǶʵġҲ˲٣áϺȥ˲˵ʱͲ˵ʮĺСӰѲ˽Ժ󡣽󱳱ŵ¨ҪҪ㡣
ҪһʳǲҪģϺԹ㡣뵽ζһͷСϵĻ͸ʮǮˡ

ʮ¿һֻµĸģֵǮ

СĺСӵ˵ñԺҪҪ㡣ҪĻ»Ͳˣǻץ

ϺҲÿϱôš

ûؾѾСźţһ˴˶ʮĸ߸˵ػˡ

ȻҪġЦѼⶼڻˡΪʣʳôٵ㡣ڲʲôʳſھʱаٶȲһʲô˺ʲô˲Ͽζ

ϺͷǮû׬٣ٶ

ˮ㣬㣬Щǰŵֺòˡ϶ٲ˵ġƳһĴ㣬űסܹ񣺡ղ˵һˣ㡣

ܹ㡯Ҳʶؿˮģͷš

һţȻձ̫ࡣ
ǰ˶˵η·һΡһͽĸˡǹңܹɽɤ˼˵ֻһأ̵س뿪ܹڹ̨棬·Ĺ︾ص·ûһԷġ

Ϻͷܣͷ󺹡

ţܲϰߣ̬ȵһǳ⣬

Ȼô˵ôɵŵĸоʵĥˡ

һֱںţ˶ϴ˺ü飬׼ʳҲ׼뱸صؼ飬ȥ¿ǲӣҲûš

ٽʱʱ˵һˡ

ˣҴһ㣬һСáǰӵЦŽӣܼ￴ŵ˾Ϊˡſھ͵¥᷿ţ̣ʮӣࡣ

Ȼֿڣһͼǵˣǵεġ

ܹĿбӵصͷҪЩ϶¥һ֣أ¥ϵǸ᷿԰ɣҼǵãҴȥС

ǶʱʧüŪ۵

ҲգһЦŤͷܹһ䣺أͿҩΣЧ

ܹһЦѻƵ۽ް븲赭ƫָǲסţںԺ춹̲衣һƷǲӸһ볢

ӡֳԭֵĹĴʧĶǳǱߵĸҵĹúñйɲĺ⡮ʳĲжóԡģʱЩɺڣҲ˵߾ߡ

Ҳ룡ﰥһˣ

굥ѵģһȺ˶¥

˵ˡȻԭĹţҲŹҵĽߡȻŵӣȴΧи֮˵ֹľ˵ӵĹ쿴ģôͨʳů͡

ⲻͦÿ𣿡գգ۾ãɾ

˵˭һ̲סģˡ

ʳĶҰ

ʳĶǸŮ𣿲¥Ǹ˵ģ
ȻǰЦеģڷҴźö꣬ƺľġʳϯܳģȻŵġ



ڼֹϺӣһӣ޵ɫƯİ̾˲˼Ŀ⡣ľֱһȥӶһȥһҸúóԡ

״ŰɡҲһףһ




28.  ڶʮ   㳦

ܱһ, Ȼǿζࡣ

ԵõһȥõһȥߵõһȥԭСԵ, ׷׶ˡʳǰ, ȿ

ͮͮҰӣҽζִֽ̼, ճԽӡ˻, ظ, ˿Ҳʲô࣬ŨŨζǵĴôأζͷһЩʶ㡣һ˲ͻ, ֺûԡ̲סһ׽һףܿͳһС̡

ôȭͷСһ, Ӿûˡ

ԥҪȻٽһ̡

˶ٳˡŻбĲɫܹ˶ӣ𼱣Żܶˡһб, , 

˵Ҳǣء

ź񻹲иһʳɫúãһҲ˵ȫָҾúء

˵ŻǱ߶֨ѽһֱƿˡ

Ϻһɾѣһ˶̽Ŀ⿴ȥͿϰڵСľ롣ԼĪһȭͷСϺ߶, Сľͷ̰׵Һ֮΢ĻζΪֻԲˣûУȻֻһСѡ

ʱǼԺã춹̲裿

üԡϺЦЦľͷɫЩĵ̰׵ҺʮϲˣžϲЩ³ʳⶫĥ㣬ûϲ˵ԭ˳ġǸˣճڵġ

ǸãٺһЦģýԲԲһ˫۾ʱNɪ״ҲԵʮֿɰҾ˵˴Сã

ﱻЦˣһ

ζӶһζԭ򲻶СطȻ򣬵̵ʵ١̵ζ̫ûкõķȥζ˭Ҳ²ȥڡ˵ҵĹҪ̲ӣвҩԣ˭Ǹȥ̣
ӣףǰ춹̲Ķº͡

ⶫǺźã͸ˡ
Ϻÿ˵ڲԱ߰һСɳĺ춹ǰģչĺ춹ɳĺܡϲ𣬿Կżӽ

ûԹʳʳ۾ȥƳձԹӣһ׷Сľ衣ǱҲѧÿ˶һסĶɳ׵̲ȾһǳɫģŸˡ

̵ĹСľҨһСմմǣǹ˿ζͽɴ۾

úŶ

ȫϯС̲費ͷһԵ磬˲²˼СĻġ

ϺصǽʿζǲƴֵĹֱߺţ÷ϺһϺææ֣ûеģûеģСֻǹǸɶϣǳʶ˾ûˡ

žͲˣôһСǽǸһ

ǰһ˿ڣС︽ͣ󣡡

춹ɳʣô̲࣬趼ȵģ

ߴߴģϺͲԴǡʱֵͷ󺹡

ĳˣһ̵ĵİɡͻȻϵ֨һֵļ￴ǸЦеģʷϺǲ׼²ˣ

еģеģϺһѺŵֺòˣ㡣

㣡һ䣬ֻͬǲ죬ǸˡǳԹͷǸζϲĽҪԵĲô㣺ʲô㣿

⣬˵塭ֻŻζһ

ﻹл˵Ѿˡ

Ϊʲô㣿Ŀͣ͵㡣



˲ˣϺɴظϽ᷿˳ȥСúܣҲȷʵЩˣµص˺ѾƬˡ鷳Ĺ򣬾޹Ƭ㡣ȻҲһ⣬֪䷽ͻѧһζõƬҪƬ

Խٽ磬ԷҲ

ǲæʱˣææҪͻȻ˲ˣ˾еҡǱܹǵסϺǲסǰͷܹ˵һĲ˵ͷϺֻܼǵһ֮ȽֲãصܣصʣǰѷϺæ˸ͷ󺹡

ڲ֣ɴ򷢷Ҳȥæ

ӱȷϺǿһЩͷϵĻƣǲ˵Ǽǵúι̡˷ӵİæϲ˵ס⽥ֳһ⣬籸õĲ˲ˡ߲ȻУûϴҲûСǰӲϣЩҡ

ò׽Ͷдˣæһ˽߶Ѿʱ

¥᷿ﻹûأȡ̺ӹһ˯

طҲûʲô᷿ͣҲǿţȻûдߡ

Ҳ˵ڶ¥᷿˯һѵЪ첲ġҪ˼һĿڻԲϷܹʢ˼۽Ƴӵֶڷüͷɼ˰ɡ

ⲻʡǮ¶»ػһ˳ع

ĸ˲ģͷٵڡܹȻûȥô࣬Ҳóæʲôһġһֽģϴϴˣϴϴ

ʵҲ۵ùǺһѣáص߶šЩˡֻöǰ󱳣غ뼦ȥŻϺǻܳŵסյ״ҲûȽűС

һʳĸȷʵ̫ˡ׾ݣ̫ʡȻУٻˡ

ϺЩȻõĻȷʵҡ

ﵹвٰССӣû¶ǿʳɻ
Ϻһ뵽ľֵܽüҵĺӣһ뿪ŶûǣʱȥоͲˡȻ̧ͷӲͬĿڣʮСҲ࣬ĴŮֻҪһڷط˯Ƕɻ

¶˵ĻУҴͷɽһͷҴĵزã·ҲߡҴ÷ɽһɽĴȻúܡ

ŰšҲûһڴӦҵˣȸۡ

ȻǣʵҲܹͦ˵ġʱŷһ˶ҪɣͨɢŷĿǰŶֿˡ

ܹӭŰŵĿ̧ﻹʣһѷûָ̧ʢһ뼦

ţ

ȡ

ţ



뼦¶ǣŴ˾йڱСӵöٵˣǵؿСʳ̯ȷʵǹˡʳȻȫá

̫ѹȻУ

ƽ˶ʱ򲻻᳣С߰ա波ʶ˳ζͻ䡣˦˦󣬡ȷʵǱʧûϵô

˵׻ΪðʳѼҵͿա׼ʳĿ￴ȷʵԡܱŽ⡣

ӣҽûˡӣҽһʱԭΪ˭֪ζãҲúáһٷĹ޵ӣҽͳԵֻʣһ׶ʱڻûӣУҲŪӣҡȻӣֻˡ

£¥ǼﻹԣӣҽɲУ

ջʿɽҰӣһأ˵СҴǱָ࣬ӣҡϺһְ˲Ļˮؽڴ¶ĵúܣҲҪɣʵǺáͷЩԶԲš

ᵽѰˡ˵ġˣմõġԼҳһţ˰סʣ°Ӳá

նȥԱһˡ



ţ극ȥС˯һ

Ѿˣϻûʲôˡ

ԭûסϵ˶ҹﲻġϹӶ࣬Ӷ︾˵ʱзʱֵϾûʲô˿̷ҲɫҴңסʳ̻ˡ

Щġ̫ãһϾ͹硣
紵ǰĵҡΣһյú͵յӰӰ´¡Źȥ׼ҪʳģȻûЪϢ

ŵʱ򣬷ӺͷϺѾϴһײˡ

֮ȴȷϺмءںžͷʮǮһ̵Ĵײ˿ŲۣȴסһҲʮ̣ײ˿ÿһˡ֪ʲôˮƽҲֻ֪ĶĶһ׬Ǯ

ںæŰײʣĶ಻ݲˣǱߴ

ò˵ʳλʵ̫áʮһû׻׬˸貧һ̶֧ĶҲȥֱʳŲ˲ָչûʡ͹Ǵסꡯ̶ӵͷſھһ䣺ӣǰǹ㳦𣿡

ӡһŶеɵ

ûӦԼʱɷӣֻһȺһĺվǸɴصӣȥ⳦öʮǮһļ۸Σ

㳦ǮԶԳƺȻؾͽ˻Ҫٸ

ʲôӰӣ׬ǮĻԲ

㾡ٸٸǷĺ·Щ˵ֻǣģЩ죬ֵܼҪȥһˣҲҪ²ܻص㲻öЩţۻʱһߡ

ȻһڴӦǮ׬˵




29.  ڶʮ   ̲軹̲

ͻȻס̶һʮһˡ
ӵļ, ƥգһϸЩ϶˵Ҳøɾ, ̸ϻشѩҽ޵ĿģȫԲϡ˵˺ͨԺŲŷӦԭӾϻ㳦ˡ

ʱ˲Ŵȡ, Ǳ, סݡʰģ, 䲻ûϳ

ԭǼŻȻ, 㳦Ż𣿡

ʱ㳦Ź࣬ûɹҲûɣζúܡһ˿ܲǸζ

֣ζ, ̫ˣƹǲֵۣܼһ·Ϳ㳦ˣһڷסĺһĨʹչȻǼҵĲ˻ζ, Դķ˸ǼһȾͳʳӿʳ̫ˣ

˵Ҳ˼ɤŴ©磬ſڸƵġǰʪһƬ

̫ˡҪǰŮģֶҪܵȥ˵رصϴô㣬ǶԳҲࡣ, ԵŹء˭֪·, һ·ߡǿдͷʵڿϴһЩ·ԸͲˣͷ治˹ӣ

ǰǰǸ̲JˣɤӶݵ˵û

򲻹һʱǾСӲĲ˭֪ˮһһζŸпû׻

Ǹ궫ߣһ߾¡·Ϸ¶޵ʱ, ·ϹԸͦûûζġ㳦ζãЯ·Ż

ţʱȽϴҴ٣ǶЩʱգζЩ

ܷŵøã

Ȼ̧

ܷŶã

ܷŵģʰúã¶⡣

⻰˵˶ˣȻܷôã

ŻشСֹһ䣺ⶫҲ֪ܲ

̶ӱǴģԭ̻ǱߵĻЩ׬ľһۣܹȱһ仰ֹСȴŸ˸š

ЦݲãȻġ

Ū㳦Żˣڳ㳦ԺҲȥ˼ֻϵĸûõķʱ·һߡ˼ֶˡʱĵýͶ룬ͶջǮ·Ӱǰˣֲ̫ˡ

ڱУ

ҪĻܾϸЩ̲ϲ˷κһᣬֻ۸͵㡣ŪЩϸң㳦ζܸá

̶ȥ򣬵زϾǴͷֻϲôģһΪ٣ϡΪ󣬻ϵֻЩ˼ңǴ˲ôãȻȥҲ֪ЩˣЩζʵߵܲˡ

ϼ۸͹ˣ̶ӵͷշ룬ͬе˳ƺΪƹƺŹǱ̣ԭʮһȻıЩҲٲҪӡ

ôԶĵط˹ҲҪԷġ

ȻŵͷɱˣҲŷһ

ǲƹֱףʮǮһ㳦ŻáһһģζٺҲûԸˡ˭ҲûǮԺȡ˼ҵǻԺȣ˼ҳţ¹⣬ûпġ

Ųǲ֪ĳ㣺㳦ԭȵĿζҲǿԵġһҪģƹҴЩ

û⡣ƹǸʹˣһڻļǸ㳦ͶЩõԭǱԿóȥúãҲһ⡣

Ҫľ仰Ǹã

һΪŸ̶Ӱס¥ֻļ᷿Ժ̡ͨøʳ࣬ԴΪסΪƹش˶ʮµס¥᷿˾ͼͷĴ̡ͨһ̶ס

ҹ˯֮ǰƹصʰûʲôõĳʳ˸Ǵϡ

ҲܷһʱյģĶʳһͿܷŵʱճ߻᲻࣬ˮһ»ζġܱӲͷá

Ǵһûٳ֡ĸɻְܹˡ

ҲôãߴӺáûָɹͷϵ¶ְָһ飬ȫظ̳εĴС״ڽȥڶһģһ

𾪣ò᣿

ܹ񣺡ţ

ƫ¶ͣ˳ָˮָɾȫ̰ŷŵĽѧ

ǰα꿨ߵİɡ

ۣû£ƨ붼ܡ

Ƿӵֱ¡ӰٶȱȰŶ졣ϺȻͷϵĻƣֵĻһյ͵ƣһĿΧҡҷææµµʱʱ仰Ҳ١

æһϣʱ򣬰ٶƹ̶ӶʮһˣǴүǶһ͵ĳԣҲԲ˼졣һ·лϱסʳⶫȻ·ġ

ûסãȥﲹһЩһ緹ʰʰͽˡͶˣһ굽ͷͷҲϰӡڷյЩ˲źûܳŰĲˡ

»ǻ˿ϺЦһӣʳסϼգŸòˡ

̶ҲʶһˣȻ岻ͬƹҲЦͷ˵á

̶ߵôҴң˸ʮӡ¥᷿һһǮӣͷĴͨʮǮһޡȻʮҪˮǮһˡһٳʳһҹһ룬ҲҲࡣǰ㳦Ǯ



Ҳ졣Ѿ·ˣȻҲ컹ͱ죬ɫɵġûзҲûѩģವꡣ

Ȼյһʱġմ絽һЩɢͣûʲôˡ

ļãģͷ컹ꡣ·ʪյģЩطŢ˵ͣҲĻƣҲܲĽûԷĿ̲סˡ

ʱʱȥſһƣ첻ãֵҲûʲôˡſںüˣֻ̾ȥ

ܹڹ̨棬ָٵزӡϸһЩ룬ò˵ʳٻ׬Ǯġʮӡٳ̶Ӹ㳦ǮЩʱյĳɱҲʮĴ

һ㣬Ϻʱ;ˣȻôࣿ
źͷ⼸ռûʲôˣΪҪˡôôĽ

ͷǴͷܹ˱̧ͷɴ͸Ĺ۵ף۾ϸϸŹ⣬Ǳߵĸÿ˹ȡ춹̲裬е˼һٵȡʵ˲١ǵÿգ罫ҪͲӸŪЩͷ

춹̲裿ϺǿģǱߵĸҹﰮԣ֪ô࣡

Ų˲ִӺͷӳ㳦Ҳʱˡϸǻ

ʱʳյúܡżһסģŸܹӦ´ࡣʳûʲô¶żŰϣҹЪϢһգϴ˰£շӻֹųնشơ

ϺһҲǡ㳦Ǯ͸˵ģʱ˼һˣǶûãҸȻشһˡ˭ɱģǵȼѼҲһЩ򼦿ɱϱ˲٣ʡǮҲöЩ

žǡܹЦЦ˵ģžͽİһ£ЩѼľʳãͱˡ

Ǯ׬ҲҸͻ£

ϵĶ˲٣ףʣһЩӡӺͶ̡ԵúãҲ׾ࡣܹһվôַˡ

ģæʱȻȥǻ

˶ô˵ܹǶһʣ˿ھܰڸġһҲǣʳ¶û죬ȷʵǷֲػˡ߶Ӷϱֶˣָܵö࣬ȷʵҪϹģУŰͲҪ٣

ȻԽԽáȻ˸˸ʱգ̲軹̲衣




30.  ʮ   ɥǣ

ҴɽǱһƬֵġ
ɽ, ֮ͷļҪ񴲣ʲôͻɽϿϻȥáϱҪǵͲӶķ, , ǰӲûġʡһһ, ϺȥɻҲֺǺǵġ

һţ, ûͳ, شҲͰʱӵ¶
شһѵû꣬·ϵŢҲɵòࡣһʳ˵ִ֮ʱʱûءĺǿųͷſ, ӭų׼µظɻȥ

Ҵ嵽Ͼһ·, Ӵӵӿڡһ·Ǻءش඼⣬ƽ˴·߹˶֪

·ϻڣȻⲻ˴кѡ

Ҷ¶ＸǰʹˡղľҲ̲סȻ˵ˣȴǲŵġϾҴס, Ϸ˭˭Щֵֵܼ¶˭ãľͰ͵ǿɶǿġ
һ, һȲ˵̰ī˶ټҲЩȷʵһϢ

壬ϻ

Ƿľ֣ȫֻͼĸڣһһСðľֵѾԽԽˡ䲻֣ľһ¡

ǰ, ǰϻ

ľ˦ţޣţյشߡ

󻨲˵ͦİ

ľ֪Ʋ¶ף˵Ҳûʲôơæذַϵûе¶Ǹ¿ӣŪ˸С̯ʳ

ʳģֲãҶϯһѺ֡һٰ

ľǺЦûж٣ڰˡＸ˲ӡ

˵⻰ţ֨ѽ֨ѽ·󷿵Ժӡ
Ժͷ󷿼˶ڣھԱϴѡϴ硣Դӱ𴩾ͿʼżѧʱŲЬҲԱߡȻҪȴɻڼˣмֵʳĴֻǶб۵ģ

ȥ±˽ӸϳڣѾ·ˡĻһ¶ûѧᣬѧ͵ˣˡ
ԺӵĽͷװۣ۷ôվ

󷿶ӷͷѪ̧վˡ
ͬһסţû˵һ仰󷿰ͷŶϸ͡ôգҷϷû˵ȥ⡣ϲԺָɣ۽ǵ⻹ͣƳţ

Ϲȥֲ˦ͷߣͷƳöŤͷֿһµķڡ
ҪǶڻ˽˯ѴţóԵĳţ㱻̧ͷ³ɺӿͷüµСŹӸţͷĵģ˵Ͽ˸ôӣϺˣ

⻰һ˲͸ϻĶУɴ۾ֱؿţϵˡ

ϺûĴڳʲôֻǺЦŸ˵

С̯ӣҼҼҵ׾ô뿪ҲбǮô౾Ǯõó

⻰˵ʵڣȫ˼סβľҲͱȹѸһ㡣ﻹһ̽ĲӣھҲ治ô౾

СӶʱЦԷϺдʰûɡ

ҶҲġ

һȺˣڵԼԺӵſڡԺյģǸҶͷӣǾѹǿľ屻紵ò֪ȥ

ԱߵľͰƱˣԺһȦûţյġȥϵ£ͺþûסһ˺úһҡľĶʳ⡣Ҳ˲ϡʰŽһѲ񵶾ɽȥˡ

ӴһͰ˸ӽϵϡ¾ڵ˰Ͱˮ

һæµԺͷƺֵĶ
һǽøԶԼ˼߳ŮӿӲӵһͣ򿪴Դؿ

ȴһĳֶʹˣǺԺһ˶ӵĹӡ

˲˭ǸŮɤӼĺܣҲúܡ˵ĻһһشðԿǶۡ޵ҲˣǹӡĿһţĨӵݺͷС·͵͵ؾ͹ȥôһ¡

ҵĺԺǰԺһܴܿաһڣһȦС

˶ŲӼ顣סéݾڲԶԼʮɵľ롣Ǵ󿪵ģһȺΧſڡĻܿһˡƲ壬ǹӡ

ĸǰվһݵĻͷϸˣָŵϵĹƿڴ

ɥǣ˷ӿ׵ɷǣҪǵô͸ðͰôôˣ
ͷ׵ĸһһ߳ӹֵøϷƵġڲﻹץŹͷקһ߳ҪɨǣǹɵĴôôأһӱЩծۣһûҴӣǿ˵·Ҫŵģͱˣ

ôôȥźӣҽ㣬ӣǲһˣǸҽ㣡

ۿŹӶشˣͷͷѪ

վȣȴһɬŭӿ뱲ӻõС˴Ҳһ֡ҪڲȥѾͷ汻˴ˡ

һæӺŽһⵣԺž߳ȥ

ߵýſΧŹӼҵȺȫǱߵġ˹ŶһӺƺҴ˵ġ
ǰżҵıӺ˲˼ûˡغòˣۿžһȦ´ӲãæʦаʦսŻûżҴ󱦣ſھ˵żõˡΪ˻úܣдɷڲܶԶܺˡ

һ뵽ԼɥŮȻѾ޶ʮꡣǿ˵Ĵӡһ룬ɲУɥȵӽæżһҴ塣

һ˦

˴򵽵ϣקͷһٴֵСʱû۹Ҳḁ̊́ʮ½С̫̫ʮˣںݶˡŹӲһ֣һ㲻ģĸŮ·ɱˡ

ӻܶ㣬һС̫̫ТŮҶ㶼ǲТ

űⵣ漱ôתȥԼһСѵһˣָŪͷϡżһΧǣǸϱ׺ݵģҪƵġۿŹ𻨶Ѫˣ׵Ķܿˡ̫̫ûֵͣ˼Ͻȥɽˡ

ϺɽϿӡ˵ǿ׳ȴôǸˡ

ܵϿ죬Ǻɽô󣬹͵ĿǰҲˡӼҪͷ󺹵ͷߡһһߺ

Ǹɣ׼߳ܲҵϺȺɽ塣

廹ѣѾõһһƵġס˴룬ߴײøƵġԭǿ׳ˣʱ˲Щ͸Ͻ˵ˣƢŹ֡¶ȴûԹۣû˵͸ŷֱӵéݡ

˻᲻ãɴ߽

һǰһظϵǷ˵϶ѾЩץŹϣͶҲôĺ⣬һһԼŮϽȥȥıӣҲǺˡˣʡúһҡ

ס֣ǴӣվɱˣҲŮ

ϱǺӰɤӸһһڿˮ˵Ķ˸ӣ¡ŤͷͿһƵ꺺ӡ׳ĺһ˸ֵıⵣһ˸ĳӡǸüëһ𣬳۾ܶǺӵ׺òᡣ

ǡʲôˣȶе㶶ں캺վĽһҰ޵ɧζ񿴹ɽǻ˺£㣬òɥǵͷɣ

һ˵ڣһĴ־̧

С̫̫ŵûһɿקŹͷ־˺ͷ㡣һɱ˵ʲôˣ

㣬һ㡣

һʱ䣬˶˿ˡ

Ӵ屳һѱסѪĹӣ˾Ա߶㡣

ʱ򣬷Ϻ߰ɳӴӺɽһﻹһѲ񵶡ԶԼһѪӾʹɽܡһȳһյӣΪܵóԵñʮֵ׺ݡ

ںͷһ˸ҲܲŹǲɷ¶Ͼܣ

ϻͲףǿˡһɽϲ񵶷ĵУֻܵñ˸ķݶǰƺ󼷵ļӣȫû˸ղ̧־ܴɱŮڡ




31.  ʮһ   ﻺһֻ֡

Ӳ, һЩӵѡѹԴͰοȵϺŲߵǰѾܵøɸɾʣŹӵķӺ塣

֪˺£ӷǰ㽹غΪЩʲô, 鷳ŵ÷¶żæŵܹȿ˲ſ巽û¶, ¶ݺͷĹ𻨣ôˣʲôˣղЩܵʲôˣ

죡֣
ӿݽһ, ȴᡣһ˶Щ
Źӵĸ첲˼, ôһѾͷ󺹣죡˷ȥɱŶĸζ, ԼŮҲµȥ֣⵽ĸŮǳˣѺúõһ˴ģ

ϺϽˣȽŲáȥһżһ򣬲˶ˤˡ

һԲ˵ۼֿһַס, һֽĵķϺһߡԵص־ͷסˣɵذŪݡ

סСé, ǺƸӸһݼһԷûг߶ǽǰŹư衣ƽշøС¯ա

СʰøɸɾɱĹѺ̫ࡣ

Էſڻһ鲼ͷƴյӡƽϵĳ߻ʡ鲼һʵʵң§Щԥһ¹ѵ, ôѸ, Щá

ⶼʲôʱˣ˵طںЩ׳һѣ㣡

屾ţǸҴˡ޸ĸֵܽáʱȢһӣѲһʬʱ˸˵ףƢѹԸȢϵʮ꣬ʰ˻ò, û˵׵¶
ûľͲ˵Ƣãӳ˴˶ԶԶġ⻹ͷһرĻǸһƾܺС̫̫

˶٣Ż˼ҵԷ˸

ӽȥһۿľͷû
ļƹӣǸɲͽո̺õĵ̡߹ذǽǣǽ鲼»ҡªǼª̵ӽϴøɾҲ۵롣

ӹÿ࣬óǸڿϸˡ

Сؽ˷ŵϡһ˾ڵʹ.ǰҲˤԴĵڿĵͷѪʱ̧ҲǰһһķڡղýƵ𻨵קͷƣҲûпĵԴ
һżæץŷϺͷӣĻȷһţȥҴ

ϺǸƵģܿǰ¶ȥ

÷ҵţԺʰһȥҲúܡõɽϣ˲ϣŤͷ͸Ͻȥˡ

ż֮³һ䣬˷µò˵ֳһѣ֪ݡҲѶûˣһĶȥͷոˮ⿴ˡ

屻ָʹһ㶣û˵ȥͷˮ

Ϻմϻۻȥææģôﶼֳʲô¶

еû¶ɵĶصܹ֣ǹѸ˴¶ʱЩʧ˵ŹѸ¶Ҳһգ˶¶ˡŹѸǺݶﱻ˴ĵһָɳʲô¶
ŹѸǿɲơϾ˿ǿ˷ӿףʮĺӶٴǶҿ˭˵Ļ᲻ô

ɨǿˣֹˡҡͷ˵һ꣬˰ġ

˵һͨ˾ͷһȦ֣ˡ

彫С¯ൽԺľͷôһ꣬ˡƵĴľͷšһһ¾šһѡͷһһˮͿʼ
ˮӹǵķ϶ð̧ͷԼȺһһɽͷϹһ졣ͷ͸һֻû١һţȥͷϹȫļҵ

򶼸ϽԺӣ˳ֽԺŴϡ˴궳ıӣһԵؽϺɽ·ϵҲϽԺȷӳͿܺĸ˲ٻ

Ǹͷ鳣û뵽ܸͦɵġ

ͬʱſǰգ۾Ϊѵס˶ͷ

ûû𣡲ܰ϶ˣԲ㡣˳ԣǵĿڴҲ֧ŲǳԶٰСһѿڶĻֱĿŵɱġŲûֱ׵ĻҭסȻ׷׵ͷʮͬ

ԭǸǧԭ֪ĺ̡

ţԵȷʵر࣬ȥķȴʮֿ͹ۡһٶʮݣʱʱǱͣʮӣҽͳԵİ㲻ʣˡ

Ŷ𣿡˵ͷʵܲǳ̫ɣ

΢΢һЦûҲһһ̵ķѡ

Ҳ΢΢һЦԭˡ

˶һۣһζݵĳĬ

ﲻĵվǣȹƹߵŵߣ˶ͿͰ͵ûӣҽĴôãĸҳ£

ĸµĹһţ۶ضŰơ

Ǹʳٳʳŵֲ֪ٴΣûˡ⻹ǵһؿˣɨӵ۾޲ðѡ桯͡Ƚϡ̽۾
Ǿ棬Ҳ𾪡ԭΪ̨æŮӣᣬٲð˻šϾո̴򽻵οǸ´áŵΪĴȥԶﲻƯһһٻ󷽡

ͿĸӣѾͿ˰¡ǴĶŪģЧǳǿף̡ܵͿ˰£ŵһָ
ȻЩݣƤӿǰƼݱ̺;ϸĳʳ̲ţ˽ӯƤϵĺӡһձһյһձһհ׾ջһӡӣûʲô˰ˡ
㣬ڶͷپȫ¶ڼǰһ˫ڰ׷һۣС̵ͦһźĴǴݰס

ʱţҲʮֿġе㲻̧۶ϰŷ·һ̶ˮ۾̲סᡣ



Σص֧Լ⣬оܾĵӣҽô࣬ù˾ûС𴦵ӣһûУûĽϣζ͵ôۿۡ˵Ҳûӣҽ¶ҲζŶ࣬ЩҲĵֻʣһ

˼Ƭ̣ź滹кЩûϣԴһЦʣ춹̲ſɻã

˵ӣ¶ôͻȻ̲裿

ȻǺãҪǼ˿˿ţﶼⶫˮǺ޲һȵúȵòˣ

һȺ̲ĺü̧Űš

һЦбĿζ

һ;¿ζȻǺãҲ㡣ˣܲʲôûԾͻȥ

һҲǣҲҪţ̣̲С

ȥ¥᷿뿴ϻûţġţ飬üҲǿԵġ

ţü¥ѳȥˡ

һߣʳſĵͣһƵСһЩһڵĴ
ǰͷһסһͣ£ʹͷ׾һֵˡһƿĲԲƵĹ
˲ˣһǰӴźܹȥسǵģȵһͷĺؾ͸Ͻͷȥ

ͷĳһһҵĻ˶ͷңסǰŷ˶ӾڵǰҪͷδͱϵĻס
ڨڨĨһ˵һȥš

һޣؽһתͷƿһǣ˵һ䣺ӣˡ

Ƭ̣ͷŻһݵ




32.  ʮ   ˫һ

˵Ӱȫ, һݵþһƵˡ
ݵ¶ǣһصĲ°ӣǲЬ
ɫǺܲÿ, ѹ϶յġŻĸ첲, ζЩ΢ȥ, ͷкĿơ, ̬Щࡣӳ, žϸһ۵ĻƢͷ

ͷѾˣ̧ҡʳĸɷ裬ֿ, ӳȻǰүӵü˲
¶һ˿͵Ц⣺, ֣

үѵչ¶Цգﵱ¾Ͷʳӡ󲻴
үӿյģǶúá

æȥҪүӡָȥͱүӸˡæջ֣үųһֱͦԼʳߡ

һԿ, һ˫С۾ת, ŻүӴ

ˣʳѵһĺˡҿ̫߶شչȥ˵ѼȫԴԳԲζ

үƳһۣͦɫͦ¶ӡ󲻴ȥơ

ĸ֣üͷҪ˵ط
æһСܣԲһŹİ, 嵽ǰͷȥүӴ㡣ʱʳﻹûжٿˣڰͽģǺεġͷСһĻһۣ˽ү̤ʳá

һһоáسõĿջҪࡣ
ôɨøɸɾͷʮ˼
ʮķΰڷŵ룬Сùָɾмд˵Сֱ̨ͨĵطһ·ӽṹϾԵʮࡣͷһľݴĵطչȥοյġռ俪ǰһ

ŵĹ̨棬һ°ӵӡʹһֻٵдʲôĹ͸ϣȳ·һŵǣݾޡ

˶ЩԾСطȻò˳֮ˣ

ѾһСܳ嵽̨ǰù棺Сӣһ᷿

ܹ񻺻˲̧ͷ̧۽΢΢һ
˳
վĸߵӣΪ׵Ǹ곤үη·𱻷һ͵ɫÿ˵ȴԵһһңס˰˵ӱŴ˵ĽغᣬκͲϰ֮ˡ

үƲҲǵԼߣڿ֮ʱҲһ̾øεĺ

һӣܹ±ʴӹ̨߳λһģ

ûҶ˵ֻʾ⡣Ҳû˵ֱΪ׵үӵ˵ͷֵЦŵһһģĸˡ

ܹ嵭ĿĸתһȦʶⲻ۵˼Ҳġͷ̧״뼸¥λ϶¥

˭дģ˼Ҳû
ŸŵŵߵܹĽǰӲã·Щġߵ̫죬˶һ߲ˤˡ͵˶ٶЩվܹǰֻؿڵλá˰ȴѯʣʳƵġ

ܹһ㶣Ҳûð˶٣˵¡

үĿƵؿܹмӵӣϷѵõĺ֡ûиʮĹдȺġ֪ʦкˣ

ܹЦЦޣ׾鷨ֵһᡣ²д˰ˣδʦС

˵˵⻰ȻͲˣüͷٰķǣôָ㣿С˵һڹٻž֪ǱˡҹüĿ㣬棬ٲҾĽСؿտ˵׻

ָܹҲգмΡ
ȥһԴ˵ѶϢؾǣǧȴֻΪڻҰʬʴѶ龩Ѿ˹ȥǲԸ𣬵үӲ֪Ҳûеελˣ¥롣

㵽ʦкˣүӺִţקܹһ㲻˵ҲԷĺģƢС

ܹˣ˦ҲãҲܡֻתͷؽ͵ûʦУӣ̵ָܹҲࡣûʦһλõ̵ѧʱżùһµ־Ǹġ

ү׷ʣǲǽС򼯡

ܹ񣺡Ӧǰɡ

Ǿˣͷͷٰ

˵ǾǰɡܹҲý̧ͣ״

үûʲôЩǸؿܹܹЦЦתͷĸ϶¥ĳｫǰ׼õĲ˵óݵүӸǰ˵׼ģ¥ϵ᷿ÿ䶼һݣոݰŵĲ˵

үӲԣϾȥļҾ¥÷С⻹ͷһֱӵ˵ĵҡܹݹȥʶֽˡ

һּƯ塣ͷϵĵֶЩ񣬵˵дĸΪ

һֺ鷨д˵үвɸпôõֲúȻ־Ͷ᷿Ǳ

˿ûûŻ˼ܹһԵ˻үӻһһֵؿ˵ʵΣͷ嵭Ĳɫɡ

˸ûһ

ܹͷûǲ˵תߣԵȡ

سֻسǴˡүѾЩʱûкúýʳˣݵöˮšʵŲסӲź˵˵ѹִүӸȰؼүӾôã᷿ͻȻֲеĸо

үӺܿȻţͷɴһƾ˾û񣬳һ˻ǶԵġźȴоһԸµүӣ¶ǽӲġ



ܹӶ¥ŸպһͰţŽ
Ҳˣ׼ȥоţӾСţŲż´󣬸һͷ׳ʵĸţ̵ߡŴչȥǸǣţˡ
ǱżҴˣüĸţǰ̡Ҳãĸţһһ̥һֻֻĸţһֻ̥ţӡͷţǶĶżĥСţģĸţСţ
ĸţڲڣ˶.ţ.֭ʱʱµΡ˱ѯʣΪСţġţ.ôֻʮֹŹ֡ͷⶫ

ǲ۸񣬲ʮǮһͰ뵽ǰ̾ʮǮһͰͲ˶ġţټôҲ̹һЩ

һʱˣԹԣⶫǸСţԵġƽĸţǵǾͰżڵϡɴδţҲġʮǮһͰʮǮȥе̯ӳˣ

ȻһڴӦǮķϣ氲ᵽʳſ

Ǯ˶ɵʳ̾òתȥһͰţŽһ̧ͷͿܹ˷еĶͼ߹Űŵÿһ־˳ؽӹľͰﾹȻţ飿

ɣȻҪᣬźܸɴλͣСţ

ԴӳԹ̵ĸƷԺܹ԰ڳʳϵ˼Ҳɣٲõĳʳ治ɫ¿ӲڴţбĵζһţζҪŵöࡣ

ᵽȥܹŰŵĲŽ¥͵㵥˵ˣүݵ¶ǣƴףƢθЩ

ŵͷˡ

ָʹܹţŵԼȥﻻѲųʰ

ڻȥԺ󣬰žæµࡣֽڿ죬ӵ鲻ذŶ֣ⷽһ˾ܽʰԺժϴв˲ϴЩðŸܹܹ񻹵ü˴ãѹڰһϡ

Ҳû죬йӶдˣͷȹҵ˾ˡ

һ׼ˣϴøɸɾ̨ϡĲãҲ㡣ɱŪҪķѵ㹦ܹ˵ͷλƢθʹĲɫȻǲϡԤ㹽

ɽɵģԺɽľðϺǰ˾ͷ֪Ǻöʱæʱ򶼻ᱳһ¨ȥɽʳõĹӣö඼ǷϺȥɽժҰӡ˷ˣûζһܴﵽŵԤڣͷû
ؽЩɹɵľһݿóá
֮⣬ǰЩʱйʱŪЩɽҩڵؽѻûóպɽҩϹࡣ峴Сˣһˣһθˣĸ˹Ʋࡣ

ţű
ļĲкܴмƬ͵ͣҪҲֻܰҳַʱûŪõķҲֻǸˮ
ʵҲѣһһţ֮̾ǰʵţ̵һɱͷ˳θ֪ܲӦţ̣ɱɱܹǸһЩġ
һС¯ţ̣Ǳ߾Ϳٵؽһ紦õļ͵ϷޡϰõޣܾζһЩ߼ϣǱܹѾȥͷؽｫɽҩⶫҩģЩġŵʱǳڳӵıܣűĺɰЩڡŵͷؽȥûóˡ

ϸƢθõģɽҩϹҲ

˶ǹˣҪóԾ͵õȡ˫£Ǳϣصȡһմɵ룬ʳõЩľҪĲľܷԲãָĶסĥɷ״ǣΪ˷صܹĥġϸòɰǡ

ţҲˣŵһһˣŲѸóʮƴСմһֻֿٵش򼦵һҺﵹţ̡

Ϊ̲Դɴùɸһɸ飬ȷûһ˲ܷԺܺõϣǫ̃ϸˮ

ǼҳӳԵСƢθЩҲܳԡһʮϸӣһ߿ʼǡǲζ򵥣ܲסóԡ఺ĲҲнǲġζûı¡

߿Ūܹ꣬ҲɽҩƬ㡣
Ȼˣȴӵһ˫۵֡Ķɾ䣬û覴áƬ㣬Ҳ·ǻ趨Ƭı׼
ܹ˾ͣô˵أһˡں׳ΪϼһľӢİѿĳ̬ǱŬġ˾ͺһƽӹĪңʡ

ȻûʡЦЦڳϵ츳Ҳ⡣ζİѿҲġ

ջ𡣡ֻˣŵˣջֻܹ

ӹƬѸٵϽϡѾˣףҨһưһȥһģ㡣

ȺСöһ˸жִţÿص㡣ص˵Զˣһ㣬һǺ춹̲衣ǰһӣ࣬ӣҽ꣬һӣһδУǲʹʳ߳ǵĲ˵ͷһС

žÿ˳Եöˣܹƣʱһ£֮ͻ˵ԭСطʱٺɢĿķŲֹϣʳԶʳ¥Ʈ

ʳʱڸ˵Ƴسɫ˵ĹҲҪںȷǿŻѺvipͻӦý

ĥҵתͷһˡ˲ѣȸǮûǮƨҵͼ

õʢϺ֮ʱſͻȻһӰת˲䣬Ųûѻŷˡ

һĿͷѴõǿеӪġŸվſڣŲŵĴ￴̨ܹ棬û⵽ˡע⵽ͷѾյŵһ㲻ʰţʲô

Ż֮ΪϱӵϼңСʱҵͷ̫̫Ҳ㣬յ˼Һ˵ʲô

㡣

㣿ͷûܲӣģ

ʱӣȷʵᣬˮˡ

̨ܹðͷͷüëҲʶܹ˵ǸƢθõ˼ˡ˿ɸɾúܣҲ˿е֣

˼ң㲻ǰͷ¥᷿ȣˣ˵Ƣã

ͷͷڴԱߣƣתתơ

תתתƵ˼ʳĺԼĪоﲻԣ˼ҺͿ͵˼Աһʣôˡ

ţ

˼ң̴󣬡֪أίһ㣬ȡ

أͦáͷĲˡ

ţ

ܹ̲סһЦɣǱ߻ڵȡ

Ƴһͷ֮Сѷʢ⵹Ѿͷһ𳴡ζԽԽ룬ͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿʵܲˣתҨһưˮȥˮ֭˲Щ黯

ѸƲͷĸĭμӴ׼Ӻۼǣֿ÷·вӰһͷ档

ò˵һղбЧͦģ

Ī֮УԾضߵľ̾ߵҲˡȫʢЩ̵Ĵжκͻ׺һưͽȥ硣

Ŀȣ̧ͷͷѾվǰϷҲһ̡

˵꣬ŲȵĲ뿪ģͶ̥ȥʳƵġ

ҭ˼˭

ܹóһھݹٻģЩ졣ݵģģͻȻһˡ־òܣλү£šһǵʥ϶Ҫʦصүӡʱү£ȥүһ棬ֻǺڼԭûгɹԶھݣܵƧ

Сʱļ̫ԶˣٺҲģܹҲȻسġ

ţŶ




33.  ʮ   

ȥ᷿ʱѾȫ, Ѿ˳ȴ
ȡССӣʢװ뵹ȥһСӸպõһۻƵĲԲ, ƨ., еԡС¯, Сɫ, Ƶǽ๾ðݡСҨǽ, һһ׵ȥ

ʮ۵ļذڷϣζ̨ջܹ֪ʱеĻǯһ˫۾ֱˡ

һߵüͷ, Ťͷ

ܹٿش赭ϲκα顣źȻЦһ, ת뿪ӰԶȥܹ񻺻̧۽ޣںڵͷ϶һ˫ĵѪ

ƺ԰Ĳ˳ˡҪһء
ôһ˵ȵЩżߴߴڲ²ŰŻʲôС, ߵǧٹֵĲ²⡣

˵, Ҳ˼ΪһڳԵģǺ޲ýŸ
һѺģղܡԭʳˣٲȻһʵӵֻ̬֮Ҫģ;úáһ峴СˣҲñȼյúáȻʵȷʵˡЩЦС뷨ʱˡ

ߴߴ˵Ż Ž˫ε۾˲俴һ˲ð̲סЦǼ, һʳʵ㣬

ܹǸӣѾվ˫Բ۾ֱض̡

ӰӣƵСǰƳȳȵɫͽ֭ӣࡣ۾øǳƵģǲͬζ𣿡

ǡǳǳһЦľӲãס

£Ŷ̱뿪ˡ

ᵽζƺ໹Ҫһȥͬ۵ڴݼ仯Ȼӣ໹óԣ

ʳҵ̫ˣ̲סһҸ˭Ȣˣ

˵ʲôǲ֪ʱʣµķݰܹȥүӵ᷿ܹƳķݲ̧̨ԱϵΧȹİšϱһڴȴ¶ȥ᷿ķݣһݡ

Ŀбӵؽˮϴ׼ʼسΡ

ӵ۾˲ʹ

һԵؽȥö¥үѾȵЩʳÿ£Ѿصһһʱĳ̶ȡǾΪ̫ҽ˶꣬ôʹˣӹԽԽүӰסֻܼڰݷҽ
˵ҲүӲԶԭСطԭ֮һԭĴĲ֢޲ߣǵҩＫΪҽר֢ŲԶ˵ء

ҽûҵү˱˵һ࣬θͻȻתࡣȥүӾһ죡

ɲǼС¶ܽүӳȥĳʳǾǾɣ
е˵ץŻᣬ෽֪ΪҵǸר֢ҽķ˶䰲ش£ҽӰûšҵǶˣĥҵǸܽүӳԵ·ĳҲС

ǶתתòҵСޣŷѾүӸȰԭ

ʱۿŶ˵ǰֵζ˹ƵĲϹ.˵㣬̬ЩԥҼүƢθʮóЩ嵭ÿ˻ĳʳ㡭

ްģܹҲʮ¸һӲ԰Ĳ˳Եûټ絹ʳĺͯҲܳԵá

˻û˵꣬ǱүѾӵıԵϵԼǰ
Щ꣬үӳԹľͷһؼģ㣬Щ档Ǽ޵ζȻҲв䶯ż˵ļ϶ѾһȥζȻȹ͢һޡ

һڣûζؾʹ⻯үԵģһ׽һסȼ˵껰һѾ˸һɶ𾪵°ͶҪϣ죬첻֪˵ʲô

죬ĵôųԼھûأ

ȥСˣүӳһӲȥȻﻹŰ㣬ûãһ¡

ؿòĶҵͷתߣ㵽Ǹʲôˡ

Сӵֺòˡ

ǰŵϿͻˣᵽţл˵Сһѩ죬Ǹͷζǽһһڣůθͷ˲۶úˣڸо͸Եһ˳źͻȥˡ

˵ŵ˿ˮ

үӶʲôͷֻ뷽źŵζͷһظоθＢӣˮҲȣ۰Ͱ͵ؿſڡ

ͬʱܹصѾһس

س˳ҪģǴ𱬳ζүϲᣬһ˿ŤͷܹͷҲصؽһ̶ٵǰ~԰ɣġ

ͻȻ쵽ǰһݽǼ

ܹӹ֮ʱЩ¡еصͷȻ̧ͷŵĺ󱳣ٵͷ
ȷǽǼ֪ôΣ˫ڷ϶еİʱõѪӽӲվ˻һֹŹֵĵüб۵ؿʼһİţӺ˵Ĵ

ӣܹԺûˡ

Կ㣬ɻűͷƤ飬ü۵غкöûա

ܹ۽ץ˼ɫ۾Ц⡣ҲⰲŶӵ̬ȣصͷӾ̨ͷţá

ͬʱϺŴ򼱼ææؾ͸ϻ˴
ţϵéǰѾʱˡ̫õʱԺƲġѾѹ˿ǽһĻҰܡɥɥ¿꣬һȺɱǸﶼܡ

Ӻò׳ŹǰɥһأһĻ䡣

Ҳ벻ͨһôͿôࣿ
׵ʱûеõĸ۰ʱòһ๫ȴûˡ˸Т˳ܸɵĶӣһ˾ô׵ر˴ˡϱ˶ⱲҪôࣿ˵˾Ͳϡ

𻨰𻨣ӿҰ׵ɫ̲סҲ۾ԵɣԵ㣿

ڷľȥҴ򣬷ӻؼҰЩ̡ⶫһӳãôᵽġӱݵһѹͷĹҲһȲȥصطǡ

ӿǽһҲ˵ҵģƺӼһߣͶȥ

ӿҲܡӹȷʵ̫ˡ¹µһˣûСҪɻָſǾǹ𻨵ʬ塣
Ȱɣֱ׾֪࣬ĶȰ𡣲Ȱɣ𻨽ȥˡ

ΪѣľŴ

ϴҲǴˡⷽҴβסҿҲһӵģص̾˼̬Կࡣ
˸Ӳ˲ˡҲ࣬ë࣬ӹ̫࣬ëֻܺúõûа취ϵ˵ǲ̫أ˺һҪϸͿ컨;ܺˡ

Ѹ࣬ϴҲûҩصظһƿ˵ĽҩҩҲǮ˷Ӽ䡣ģǼǲס¶ˡ

ͷ

ҩϴʰʰҩ䴹ƳһһĹӡĪɥʧٺõҩҲȲҡͷ̾˿

ڴʱͷˮ岻֪ʱˡ˸ӰƵĶǽǡʹȥ䲻ðһ䣬˻ţܸĶֹȥˣǶ¶ûֹɥҲܰϢ

һ仰û˵꣬һԹ޵ĿȻס

ֱ壬˫ͨ۾壬޲һҶӲҿĶӣܾô׵ˣ

屻۾ҲںͷסŲſֹ




34.  ʮ   ˫һ

һξͱ, ղŻת۾Сꡣ
ˮƬϣžžવ졣ĴܿõĻ, ᷿ڱܷϱ, ͸Ĵ, һζܹʱ, յſζƮүӰſ, ˶۾һ¾ˡ

Ǹָ·Żԭ¶ʱһᵽθζˮԶطôЩ, ֪ﲻĹˣؿƮӡ
, ֻԹͷѩԵġ㻹ûζƺ

㰡ζġ

ܹ˵ϣ˳ָ˼һһ뷹ү⣬ûˡ

ү۾ӣоԼ, ̧ͷҵأ

໹ڰ, ֱܹվһԣƾõĻȴĪ˲ָʹʳŲУ̫ÿ˻ԵƬ̣ాٸ

үӻͷһϲôӲĵңܿ˻

ܹ񵭵һЦƴףͷް죬ƢθĪҪǿĺá

һ䣬ЦЦ̱תȥ¼, 첻֪˵ʲôǺá滤үӳˣʵû뵽ƧСطȻԻ

ȲԻԻʲôζ㣡ȷʵܹ²һ㣬ϰ֮ˡүӵӣʵҲүҵá̫꣬ﳤүү̵͵ү̣ܽΪ˴ĥӡ
үӺü꣬˽ˣҲȥүӳ¶ҪѰҽǱ㱻ίΣүӱôҽ

˿ڿˮƵصȳ

䣬ǱүѾӿСһڳԽǻ۵ʵү۾һ¿ӣԱҲˡһͷȥ˵ˡ
ǶǾǵĹٻӵܣʲôɽ亣ζûԹϺ־µ㶼гԹ⻹ͷһγԴζ㡣ò˵ʮ־ޡͨĺ㣬ȴһζԲˬˬζһ;ֱԿǶǳĿθ

һ˼ӣⶼЩ顣ȴᣬֻ̲סԼڷҴһҴ˲֪Уһ뷹ôȥܹڶ̲ˣǵ붼ˡ

һ뷹·ʵڣϰ֮˱ͳԵö࣬һ뷹Եûһ

ͷĶسΪչүӵƢθٷΡɼˣʳıζõ͹ԡǴ˿ǲ֪ʲôֻǱƷֵܲظп߶ǸԭͬܲĿڸжǵĲͬ

үۿСӶ뷹ˣʣʱܺãܺþ͸Ϸ

ܹΣԵƬ̣ˡ⡣
һСֹˣⲻܲһĲˣûˣֻʳһС

⻰˵ļһ㶣үҲȤ

ų˿ȷʵܲЩͬܲҪó࣬ģеӵĿڸСҲǸ·Ĳˣ̵ζԽ÷ҴֻСܲϷŪθ涼ڽ

үܹһģСĲʶ̧٣һۡ

²˾͸һƵĹιſڣգ۾ûˡ

СϹǼϹүӺһʮֲˣȻң

Էļˣ



ãǽࡣζ岻ۣŻͦ㡣

үСҨҨŨʸϲǲģʱͰһζصġθڳ⣬ʲôʲôֻ嵭ġԵöܹ࣬ЩᡣһȥᣬŴɽҩһͻˡ
Ϲе㵭ҲŴŴġճ˺ЩڵĲˣθءȥһѾͳˡ

ӣʵѾˡܾûٳԵ

ܶʳԹҲʵ䷴Ե˸Ͻס룬סүٽһľٶϸذѿصС⣬С˿һ࣬ˡĪҪԼӿЦ

үӱС˵Щ㬣Ĳ鲻Ըط˿ӡ

߳Եÿ죬ǳԷġԿˣСǱ߶ųԵһ롣˵Ż

Ĺﲻ񾩳ǵĴҹʳ޲ļλһүӻֹСطô˲֣ͷһ˵˾䣺˵Щӣŵ̲ʲô̲衣ǺóԵģһƸóԣźʱŶ

үӽŲһ٣ŤͷԱಽŵ̲ʲô裿

֪ʳǰͰسȥϺЩͷһسԡүӼȻˣȻҪ𣺡ǷСƵĲˮ

ⲻǷϻ᷿ﶼ˵ˡ

үԲĹĵθźطȥҪһˮͷ

¥½ˣһͳӡǮһ̣ҲǮӡسˣүһɽҩϹһ޵㹽͵öͷɽҩҩģˡȻֻһ˺ЩʵʵС𰾳Ĺࡣ
˶Լ۸ûʲôɣƽھͷ¥һٲöʮЩ¥Ĵջʳһ롣ʳζĲɫ˽ﻹǸˡ

ȵȣۿżҪߣܹæס໹ʣ˲٣ӸװˡүӲϣһȣҲϦʳ

⻰û˭֪Ǳүӻ治ظˡ

Цسǿջүҹ඼ˣϺࣿ
Žʣµһչ޵СװţͷȵġһͰչޱڻܹ˵ͷϷһӡ

лͳøƵģչ޵Ǯ

Ϊ׬ǮܹɫȻؽ̧˸Ķߡ

߳ʳͷ껹¡ǵͣſڣ·ĹԱһ˶ԴһȥϹһֱŹһִסүӵĸ첲ȥմϾͱү˦һճܡ

ӣҲŷ塣ܱŷҵӡŹԾһ㶣һҲԡǽܳ׸

Ȼˣһߡүӱָ֣ʹȥɡ

һ·һٷڰûڸղûȸˡվ϶̡ܾüͷֶնյⶼһԥʱˣүǻسǹҲϡҪȻүȥϵլס

׼ڣŷѾȡɡ

ɡٵүӵͷ˱СԭϳСڼ󣬳֨ѽ֨ѽظšͥŲߣһζ

ɫԽԽۿžҪʱŷ忴үûаżļ󣬱ҵشߵңһֱӵҡͷ̲סѣʦ˵ϲ۶ûسǣҲһˡϣ̻ȥˡ

ʱѾЩˣߵö飬ҹǶϹ

꣬·ƲߡǼŻȥƵóСߡŷüƬ̧̣үӵ·ߣӱҲʱСߣ·еߣʱ͵

ǰͷүӲһ٣Ȼµؼǰߣʲô磬θﻹûʳ

һۿֶߵͷ

ڽͷվǰͷ߾ҪˡүӰûлȥ˼ͻ룬Ҫȥӵ￴ʳǴİɣȥơ

ŷ壺

ôһҲǿүģͲߡ

Ȱүӳţǿǻϱӵľˮ˵ˣյģүӲǿӦԭ򡣲ʱ˵ˣܶʲôʱȳԹʲôСԺأİСϹҹ
һٷүֱ⣬ˡ

үҲЩΡʱһˣԺ󷴵СˣүӱСӲͷƤ
ߣһʳԳʳ

ŷ壺

һ·ҵĻˣʱ·Ҳ̫ˡλǲȥ¹ϵĸլסһޣ

ǸˣóүӲǿʳСˡҲϲóԵ˭ϲǸӵص̨׵ԭȻС߾̾˺ܶࡣλոǿҲѱײϲ۵һһ̸ã

⻰˵үӵĿϣ˳̨¹ˣ

ֹŷ壬ͷıС磺аɡүѵô˳ɡ

˾ôּңܹں̨Աһ˶һ뼦¡ܹ˱ŴţѾ治ɫŴˡԭȻеӰĳ˶ŸСʣżų̊Ҳ⣬Եĺ㡣

˳һ嵭緹صǰ˿һʡ

Щʱգµ꿪ţ¶һĿܹڹܡ۵һ˲ĹûС˽ĸû˿ˣٷ˸дϢ

˵ʳѾжʮա
ʼǰ죬õæһ׬˶ʮһӡ۳ĳɱԼ׬˰ò˵Ǹզ֡Ŷʮɸ죬Ҳʮ׬ʮ֮ġ

Ҳ͸ǼգͽָʮԼĪʮǮ㼸ͭ壬۳ɱҲ׬˽ʮһӵǮô׬ˣǰЩԾ

ôһ룬Ͷȥĳɱ¾׬ˣ찡

ϱЩҹռһ룬ܹҲЦк춹̲蹱ײС

ѹ֡ᵽ̲裬ŶʱͲԾˡ

춹̲ɱ̲ͣʮǮһͰõĲҶȻرҲرõ֡ǲҶʮǮһͨ衣춹ĶӸˣǮһʳʮǮһĺ춹̲裬еԭͷľǡҲŶʮǮһ

ʮǮһһʮʮʮӡǱߵĸһܳаʮһʮһɱ֪ͷ׬ͷж󡣼̰ŶԴ˵Ϊ֮ģĥϲԺ̲趨ΪʮǮһǷʡ

ܹޡƷΩжߡ߽ڲٵ˼Ƭ̣ԥʮģȵ˾ˡ

ҲٲĶȥʮȻ󣬵Ǳߵĸգգ۾ϵĹҧҧҲġ

ܹһ룬⵹ҲǡϾҪԴǱߵĹ︾ǡ

̷Դһ𣬾öʮĶе͡տʮһġ̲ͷСһ㣬յ̫Ҳá

̰Դһģ飺ǲȻʮģ

ܹһ룬صͷԡ

һ㲻ᣬûеļ¢ϳʱǮ֡



һܹͣѾвȥˡҴ壬һ̵һ˳ӵһһˡ

ҲֵǮÿҪȣһ˳ֵ¶

ӳһ¶ҲЩûȥϡϺÿڼĥĥŪͲӡӳڼϴϴѣǶտһ¾ͷõĹӡ˵ûˣչҲͷڡ

ȻܽӣʵҲǺܴʮ˼Сء͹Ѿͷ࣬ʮøӵƵġʱŹӾͷ·ڿʱԼԹһͬ

Ҳᶪ˺ӣһӾûкӡ˴ż˵ա

¶Ӧ˷ʮ꣬ڶȥ

ŵһ仰˹𻨵һԼԺȡҩͿգ˿ǻֻջܼЦЦЦˡ

𻨰һڴӹô࣬ȥ𴦣Ǽʳˣȥϸ˵һǼʳĺɰɡ

üʳˣʲôô꿴ʵģɻҲ

Ĵ㣬ҹ͸Ϻһ졣

ϺǲԣʳܹҪ˵ġܸɣҲֻһ˫֡ÿﲻҪкĿˣ˻øƹװ㳦ö¶бй𻨣Ͼ֪֪סֻ¶Ҳ˵ãǼҺ𻨲һܡ
Ϻ̾һȸԺ˵ȱš

ˣûܵˣ¶Ѿ˵ˡ

Ϻ˶٣ˣ˵˵ɡʲôҲã˵ʲôġ

˵˻ָ̾˿۾˯ˡ

ԭΪǸĪӣ˵Ļûȥ˭֪һ翪ţʰøɸɾĹվڷҵſڡҲվ˶ã۾ͨ졣ȻѾǽתůŸʣ񴺽㡣

ǷӵĹѾʮû˽ˡƽҲܴӷϺһأֻй𻨽һУ˵ȥϵʳɻ𣿡

ңҡ˵Ż۾ͺˣɤʲôƵʵһնȥˡȥҶԸ⡣ֻҪڱסС

ӱ޵ᣬֲڵָĨһ̲סҲ۾ģġסȥȥסɡ͸ͷ˵һţȥϡ˳˵˵Ҳ˵ʲôɵҪʳɻǾùǮѾͷãƵúԿġ

صؾͿˡôⱲӣ˶׵á

ſţҪ¹򡣱һѷס

е˾ûиĸԵġ




35.  ʮ   ôˣ⣿

ԺͷĶϺȻ˾Ժ, ̧ͷܿ
طصع˵һеľӾȥԺţ
𻨽ϺæŽʱմĥӸŪ˸װϡЩڼң˿վ, Ͳ˲ٸżҲһɽ, Ҳժ˲ҰӡЩɹЩʵ, Ҳø¨װϳ

ⶼŪ, Ϻתͷһ

ҾͲȥ, ¿ҡ绹ȥڴӿϵĲ˹Ͳˡȥʮ翴ԱڲʳĹ

Ϻͷ, ùȡţһ˦ţ֨ѽ֨ѽʻ

ӱĴ, ɫãȻţϡţϷ˲ٶطЩӵŷϺ˾Ͷڽ͸峿ԶԶŷݺͷéݡȻ¶뿪л̲ס¡ش󣬾Ȼһ֮ء

ӽηȥԼĶӡĺ, ʱʮꡣ

ȥֹ, Ҳ

յ̫ãġûһСꡣˮбͺ䣬մʪ½󣬴һǵĺϺϽóϣ岻꣬̾˿һ¿ӦûиñȻضңҲˮ

˰׷Ϻ˼, ӳһñϡ

ţλƵģ˿ʱ̲ڵϡ
ЩӴģáӰ죬ûʲôڣʳȻЩ塣ϺŹӳʳĺԺŸպڸܹϴ¡ѵеʱ򣬷ϰ㳦ûй࣬ȻǳûϽŪ

㳦һõĳ¾ССⶫȻĳ£ֻϴʱһĤȽ鷳ۺʹһ飬ϴøɾٷøСɫĳĤһһθɾǸȽ˵ϸͨͽܹɡ

˽ʱܹպѾС
ò˵˵ȡⶫϴɾֻаƴСһţ˵ɳСɡһûòͷεϸ

ϺŹӽ㽫й¶˵ˣֽɻҲϸŰб˲ӣ֪֪׶ʡġǿأ

Ƴһ۹ӡ
԰ʱãͷĶӲС⺢ӲǸ׺ˣӿͲֱ۾һƵɪлԼĴԴȥݿݻƵ˻ûϿĵضοˣŸˡ

ע֪˵Щʲôȡһ¡죬׾ʵҲ˵ʲôãһ˫Ѫ˿۾ģʮؿŷϺһӡ

°ɡԷϺݡϾȫҵָԭ·ڶֵĻءԻϺ¶ֻҪߺԭ򣬰ŶȻͬ⡣

ʲôǶȻЩų˵ǰͷи¶˵á

һ̧ͣͷ˵

ʳľһɾʡŵʳҲϸѿЩҪڵĶҪϴøɸɾ˿

ģʡġͷķˡ
޳һڿ졣ϴϴЩظ֤ɾҲҪ̫๤ǮҸסһڱС

Ǯ¶Ų˿۵ġҪԱɵúãнλǻģǮٵġ

˰仰ܹȻûб

û뵽ô˳һʱ䶼ЩĨ۾æžϹĶ񣿺ôǴﺰӵˡܹŰֶһˡԼĪµڴͶ·ʹ¾Ҫϡ

룬Ǹܹ񽻴һŹͷȥ

˵ʳЩС¥¥µ᷿һͳ˼ӡƽﻹãһ˶û˯ٷһӳסռ͸Сˡ

ǵöǮù

ţŽǱߵһƫСЩӷֳסûӣסдӣŰǧлġ

Ű䣬˾ôʳ

һߣϺѹӵ¶׵ȥţ¶ǰҪͲӣ˵ȫһԹˣû©ġҪϸĹӵûϸͷпաľͷҲѾҪû«έȻ«έҲá

û£͹ˡűûľʵܡȲ˵ľʵѷϺٹ򣬾˵ľܸߣҲۣܶ˵СЩҲ

ʲôүӲ֪ʱ˺Ժ˵Ҳ⣬˳ھͲ廰ˣʲôôϸøͲƵģ

˵ҪԳʳһնû©üˣյļǰʳԼҺԺ䡣

ţүôˣ

ү⻰Ͳˡһ̣һ˫۾бšʲôС֡԰һ仰ܲ⡣ôΣģզأ

ϷţǲϷ⻹ôΣ

ûŸүӵ˼յĽҲͷƢһƢȴСžͶʲô棬ҲҪʣҲҪʡش𻹲Уɰʵ׵ļƣʲôѧƵģŻ磬ôŶʱ˵

ߣүӲųԹʳãǳԵİŵµļ档ҲѾͷõʲôƵ棬ζȥԹʳóԣҲʳģ÷㡣

ܲ𣿰ſǷϱӵľô롣

㿴㿴㿴ŷ·һУܶдϡһ仰ҲСͷĺģ׵ܹ߿ʼϴ⡣
һˣϵζԭȵɧζסˡžͨζһ߸Ĩһ߻ǲ⡣ŤͷԻûߵķϺ꿪ۼҲͷɡѼȶҲһûʡϺ⡣

¶ŲᣬϺҲ롣
ʵϣҴ󲿷˼ҶģǼӯ˼ҲֻǰϷԼûûǮ֮Ҫæûչ˲ûʳҪЩҲţЩܹʳ⡣

жҲ͵ˡϺżЩӻûĥ꣬ͼŻȥ

Ҳס˵䣬ųˡ

ܹЦһͷѾϴ˵Сֽźܿ죬һͿľƮŵĳ¿մ衣Ÿһ£صүҲ̲סչҪʲô

㳦Žõŵһߣųϴٽ顣

㳦е졣

үеϤζԼǱһҹƭԭԭΪʲôö⣬ԭأ

㳦Ȼģͷⶼϴٹ˵ӣõ⣿

ôˣŲͻȻļ⣿

ŲܹȴΪΡ
ͷƷٹˡָ̼зϳԵĶţ⡣ģֻЩоƽաͷպһЩĳҲţ⣬û˰ʳ¥ķүΪʲôóԵ⵽ͷֻ۵⣬ȻЩԾ

ȴʳĲָߵ͹ֻõˣûвóԵʳģôˣʳȥˡ⣬⣬⣬⣬÷˿⣬һʳ

ȵȣն±ݣ֪֮ŽеĳԷʱûУ

СĵƳһֿܹһүӡܹɫģû׷ʰŶʲôСƢүһ˫۾ɵϴ

صŰţȻˣ㵹㵹һʳҿ




36.  ʮ   ˶ϳȥ

˵Ҿ, ̫û֣

үӣ

˶һۣ΢΢һЦүӣҲá, Щ˵

үӼ֣Ϸܳԡ

ܳԣܳʲôֹкҩࣿŶԸ־ǿͷͦо, ԸֲȰͷͲ̫šܸʱͲ, û취ʱȻ͹, ǵȴ͵Ķȥ, ͷնʳԷȥôŰɡ

үӱҭĿۡ

ȴŤͷ͸ԼĻ

үӵĲ˰, ƤӶ̧һ¡

벻Ƶһ߹һߡŻҲ, ֻ㬵°첻˵ˡ

үһҪʳüˣ㲻˼ʳĺܡ˵ţܹѾϰ߶ӶһģүӾֹ㲻Ҳʵ˾η

øҪطûУҲѧᡣ

ƺҪ顣ûй㳦Ļ, ľ
Ƚгɴ, Ȼһһгⶡ㳦鷳ľϴ¡ô˵ʵҲǮæ⣬Ǳ߷°ĹӾӾ͹

Ծȥϴ־͹ʰſл

ƽȻÿЩȻѾ¼ʹҲǽĻСָ׸ǴС

ӵͷ˵һԸС, ʵһɥ򣬶ζӳ󣬺ܶ鶼Լǵֵɻġк˷һԵľͷʣİ׵ɷǺÿ

Ƴһ۾ûˣүأһԺߣ˻ƨƨߵشչ

үڼУѩƫԶС򣬺Ȼ˼ԣʳΪ졣ʲôһԿʳʮʡүǲִ֪⡯ֻʳСʳһָ㽭ɽĿķΧ
˿վۣ²˵Ա߿Ҳƽ͡
ʳ˵ĸοζ˺Ӿϣһĸο˵ǰʢУɼʳĸοǼٵġ

ǰ̶Ӷ˼ӡصȽϷ˶װϻһ㳦

ܿ죬ҪжӲʱȫˡۿľһѡȥζڿɢڵһɧζŲֱܹߵﳦҲϴ߰˸Źһˮø©㿪ʼͷ⡣

үӲ֪ʱֶһߣĿתض￴

ΣվŲ𣿡

һܹܵˣһվǴʱ

үԭûۣһѶʱоŵװĵۡҲе飬ƵĴӽŵװСȶӡعͰӴ˲ˣ˭ϽŪӹˣմסˣøϽϷҸһ£죬졣

εط˸ۣվԼƨİʸóȥ

үӶʱüЦùڰԱ߿Ź⳦Ǳ߹γµܹͻȻͣеĻϴϴ֣

Ȼһӹֱӷŵź档

װ㳦װһ磬ʱŰѰװꡣͳװٶһܹһϾģٲġ㳦װ˻ʣЩŹǣЩͷ϶ͷӵⲻŪɴװ㳦֮ǰ͵޳
ĸ첲ģûʲôˡŹҲ˷ѣͷŪȥž͸ɴŹǡ

ŹǿԸȵ㡣ŤͷԻߵүӵףͳɡ

үӶ̬ȺܲüǿǴ͸ϷȵǶܶѾͷϰףϼ֮ϣ⻰û

аףžͷӿ氮ۡ

ϷͲԵ⣿Ϳۡ

뷭ˣסˣϷҲ̫ãԣܳԣԼ鶼С

үӾԼˣڰֹġŲͷܴԽԽѾſľȥ¹㳦ˡȻ꣬ܳҲܷɡ˵ȥȡһǩӣס

үӼŲŤͷû˵ѾͷСӡ

ܹ΢΢һЦһֻ֣ɤԽŹʮһ룬ʮġ

үӣ

Źͼ򵥣ȽտöεһˮôнϾƵϼӽȥȥȡͷɧζأϲӣζܹǲܶࡣˮעˮ¹Ȼֲ̳񡣵ˮȥѪζ¼ˮϿʼ

Ӹվһ߾ЩãȻ֪룬Ҳûհţʰ꣬ʳﲻæȥʰһסȳ˵ء

˰һ仰ǰġ
ŷָסȻбӣͷûסˣЩط˻ҵģȻǵòϴġӵ׼͸Ͻȥʰˡ

ŹǱϣ׼š

ܹүһӣ˷粻ŵ߹ȥ
·үӣүһ·Ⱦ߲մͭСӦؽ鶼һ˲ıѡСģû뵽Ǹԣ

ԲԵľ̫ˣҪΪשߣջ𡣡

ŵͷ

ˮȳɫһΪ˵ζΪɫۡɫúãζʡ཭˾ǼʵģҲɫһãŹǽƬӰ˽ǵһȫȥζʹһð˳

үζִչ˵̲סѡ˵Ѿͷգүȴûáɧζ̫أԵվûԹڵȡŰŵŹǣĲⶫ⣿

ⲻ⻹ʲôղŹ㳦ʱ㲻ô

ǳ²۵ģסˡһǺ棬˿ɾûòæȻ죬ճɫͷ˰ˮ׼ϸ󡣴Ǳߴ˶

ͷǰſһۣүߵӡǸİץץԴǸضⰲЦһ£ܲ˼үò˵ԭԺүӵľͷۿɼرáԷҲܳԣȿʲô򶼹á

ǰˣСһ䣬Ǹӣء

һ㶣̨ͷջܹվлѡţȥǰд˳ѹӽйһæٲ֡

ŵͷܹתȥ

ûһӴҴҾ͸ܹ˵ǰãȻſһӡüڴվšһǿ׳ϵˮһֲڹ̨ǰͷӣأʳôµģûд

ǸںܹûĶ̬ȣ͹Ǵסꣿ

ﻹڹرԹͷǳꡣ֪ʱ´ˡ֮һ͸Ļˮ䵽ϽˮͻȻʯɤ˲̧һŤͷһ˫̶ۣǿһ¡

ȶ˶٣˴ͳһžһ鵽̨ϡ
°Ͱǿ׳죺ˣңʳ˵ȶϳȥɡҼӰˡҼسģòĵHˡ⶧ǸǵĶ𣬶ľǮЩʰʰϽߡ

һ䣬ܹһüͷ۽Ǿ΢΢ӣ




37.  ʮ£ޣ   ˫һ


, Ϊ䲻Ļͽͷơ

ܹ治ɫӣ̧˵ʮֲġ͡һ˫̶ۣ, Щذġһɫļ, Ⱦɫԭյ, ġ

ǵͷ, žžવزŪˣ¥᷿, ¥̡᷿ͨһǮһޣͨʮһޡʳסԷǷֿġˮͲˮҲ㡣ˮˮ, ƽʳ͵롭ĻһյʮһǮӡ͹Ҫסգ

ʮһǮӣһ仰, ʹɫ˲һ䡣
ȻŤͷܹ񣬰θɤŭƧСطһոҪʮʳһӣ㵱ԩͷ

ܹÿԩͷҲû١ȻҲǿͣ߻ٺܶ鷳
ŭ޶ԣܹʹ, ޳ָ˷粻ؼ̡žžવ죺Ҽʳʳ, ʮǰÿ㡣͹ʶְɣ˵ͷ۸Ҳĺ
˵ţʹ˳ָ̨Ͽա

Ͽһ׹ƴСľƣÿľƶ֡ɷ裬мľֵ˼ʳĵղ˵ÿľͷۣطֵĺһ硣ʹӴһһȥʳסޱ˹, ʳҲһʳһ벻ֹ

ǮʹɫʮѿСطһҲҪô󣿡

ùסԱߡܹ΢ЦԱ߱ˡ

ʹҭס˶٣ŭܹ񣺡ϣǶҳ

ܹŴ̧ͷ޳ָ˵棬ݵòһſסСƹ񣺡أҾǶҡ

˲ˣҭá

Ҫס͸Ǯס롣ܹ΢Цҵ⡣
ԭ򱾾ǸӭСϴ̿ľ̶ӵʳһϿջңʳļҡԱ߾ʳвֹһҡһҾڸڣȥת·¶

ʹӱһ仰˷Σɫէէϵģû
ԭΪ˵˶Ȼתͷߡ˭֪۾ͷϵġˡӲһȥͳһӡٵöʮķصһڹ̨ϣ᷿ʰ˵ȶϳȥ

ܹĿ䣬̧ʹӣסһգ

ʹһ£һŤͷСųȥ

һȽСˣͷһͷĹӸͣһֺ߽ǼƲס꣬Ǩ

ܹЦЦؿˣڹ̨ƤӶû̧һ¡

λͷĹƿȺʹߵǰ棬ߵܹǰ˵ʲôվŸܹһߣʱһ

߳ƽܹ΢΢̧һüͷ⹫׵ĸͷƵһ¾ǺˣҰç˭׼ֱӱӵ۾

ܹʮȻƿߣӹ̨վ·һɽ

ӱˡ

ܹ·¥롣

¥俿ϣ俿ʣһһ⹫һؽӶ˸飬ѡ᷿᷿ߵͷȽϰһסһ䶼šһʹȫϵ¥ס̡ͨ

ӵļưڵúܵλܹԴ˲һʡӸλ˵

˵ʵʳ֮ʱʽޣһӦõöϵȵӡܹԲõģﾡ֮Ҳ¡λֵĹӽſڱһ䡮ᡯε趼벻ֵۣطҲ˯ˣˣӻ

һ£ͷŵǼʹƣơڵö졣

⵽ڸʲôϹüŶ¥

үҲıСֹһ䣺òµİɣ

һݣҪ¥ơ
ſڲ֪ʱۼһˣġſͷԣʮֺģ˵ʳҵôãҲûô̻ϴƹĶϵϾ˳øƵģǹѸϰÿնҪſڻһء

ſھͿŸ˴ŮӡҲ󣬶ʮ¡
˰죬һʳǰתءԱ߲Զׯġ첡һŮӳ⡣ʱһźɫȹϵױһŹһ۵ĿⲻȻ밲Ŷϣǻһߣɫһ
Ҳ󣬾˵ʳ¶˵ҳʳôóôһ;

˭ã۾ûҵؿŲģʳôζܲô˳ԣ˭òͷǲǷʲô˵Ķ

۾Ķأ
Ǹ˽Цһ£ɱ˵ˣָҪ

һЦʲôŻ˵úãøߵúݡ˭ʳܿã

˵ŻͷΧ˲ˡ˽ģ·ôһ¡

ŵüͷƢãĻʮð𡣰Ŵӹ̨ͷһѲ˵Цһе˳ʳĸʳһȷʵû˳ԡ

һ䣬ͷЦһڣŤͷݺݵɹ

ܹ¥ͷ˵СһͬΪʳģԹʳĲࡣʳĴסáտŴĿʳԼ壬Ȼǲþۺġ
ʱܹһ˪ģﲻһ¡ǰ˸ʳɣʳⶫҿݣʵʮֲǡ

ۿܹ߹Ƕʱƻˡ
ǿżĲׯϰﵹûµġĲǳʳ⣬µ꿪ҵ֮ǰȥĲׯӡʱػ˸ƣһ˫۾޵ܹ

ܹ䵭һɨ⿴ͣͷͿŵĲ˵һ˲Ц⣬ϸϸķŹ⡣
ֻֽ˵ÿôˣûʲô£¥ǡ͡Ƣáʳ̸ǲãҪԼġ

ŻͷһؼסԴ̸ǵġ

ȻͿⲻ֪ĶĹͼػصذᡣ˲ʮˣ֣µģͦôµġ

ץץͷӸô

ҪôνǮ˾С

ˡܹЦˮһ㣬Եģʮ

۾һ˲ŷ⣬ؿܹ

ܹЦסһЦôˣ

ǰ;·ӿɽ̵ļһС˹⡣ƴѹסˣ򶨵ص̶ʱվŴҵ츳

Ŵ

ǲȻУ

ܹ̲סЦ

Ŀ֮ҲûбˣȫĿͶעԼ˵СϡЦɽȪʯͷǸ׸Ϲӿϵġһƿϵķ֣Ųִٵ뿪ˡ

һߣԱߵ߶߶Ҳˡ

ܹƳ˹̨ǰѲ˵һۣĿⲻȻһֱվԱû˵үʦͽϡ

һı飬ǰѲ˵ͷֱ˳־õλá֪뵽ʲôЦҡҡͷתع̨档

ӵүʦͽ

ʱǸóŵġǱ߲Ҳˣ˭⼸˸ڷҪеĲ˶һݡŶӹУӲܲ׬ֻܽõŹһһæȸ¥λ

ȻƲˣ϶ٲˡ㣬⡣
ǵģʽԺ󣬰ѾⰲˡԺʹáΪʵϣ͹ֳɱġͷҪʣȥɽϷšˣʼá

ʰһͨϽģУʤϴϸ
ֶʱࡣүͷţſƮķζżֹصôţ˵ٳԿɲá

үӡ

ܶүӿɶˡ

ûոʢԱߵǹްŹѾˡɴô󲧸ʢһ룬үһԵСϳԡ

Ҳ˵İСԼүŸ󲧾ںԵģ𾪡үһ¶ǣϽɿˡ
ȶնƽյĿʳġ⻹һش԰ȡζΪŹɫ˲٣ȵůθʮ̹

һӣүĬĬת˸

С硰ȻҲһ룿ǮүӺȵôģҲ̲ס

һճֱԼʢ

СʳС治һ㣬ļĶû⡣кˣֱӸ˼ԼʢҲֺڵⶼ̹⡣ţСӶһӷŵ̨ԱߣԼøʵʵʢһ롣
ƹԼ˵ģɲֺڡֹţһ̡

ܹʰͣʦͽһһںСӵԱ߶ԡüͷŸɵ¶
ЦΣƬˣ

æŤͷһۣ˻һľ׼ÿһƬ㶼ܱ׼
Ӧ˸ϽúͷջĹӽļس˹ȥ͹ȥǱߵҲװһѴϡ͵ÿЩ˲óԡ

ͷһظɻеæңûȥ

øʳװãʢһ档ӸϽͳȥλÿճܹع˱ְյظ

Ǳ߹С鲽ߣߵ¥¥⣬ͱЪ˵ļʹӸס

ʲôһݳʹ߳۽ǾҪͷʲôˡ

̣˴뱲ӵˣǸݵһ߹ˡ·Ļ˵ʳǸʹӿʹӼͷЩسüͷ

ǳʲô¥ϴӵͷĻҲ˵ˣһ۹ӣŵŵС¥ȥ

ŸʲôûҼں㡣

˺ǳһ٣æؾ¥

ʳĶ¥ҲߣľͷĽ¥Ҳͼʮ̨׵¶µʱ˲óԣϽߵǼ᷿

ſڣ᷿ǿŵġǽǵͷȥҲֱνĹˣֻԵϰڲˡ

ȻǽźԼӵƢԣǹһسͽˣιǣ

⣬ЩǶҵֲˡ󣬹˲˵ҪֲˣŵǶͨģĿİͰ͵ؽ͵糢ζ˵

ǹӱһ϶ЩҶҲ֪ΪסˣڲɫתƼȦͣ˿Ĵϡ

һȥǱĶûˡ

ʳ죬֮ǰһۡ׽øʳࡣķСص˾䡮ˡ
С̴᷿ﵹų˵ſڵʱߵüСײһˡ˶ظսһס졣ͷţѹ߳ϹӣүүվƲүүײ

ӱŅ̀һʱסˡ
˾ǻɻϵãǰʬ嶪ǸĹˡӵ˵һ³ȥ˲ˡ

ſ˵ʹӿľģ¶ͷӻᰤذƿ߳ȥʣµĲ˶үţùӳԣ

γѣͷ˵˵ߣߡ

᷿ӵĿڷ·ѹһشѹôʳдҴһ˳£Ҳû⵽һ˫۾ˡѾáͷ̨ϣͷװʳУָ¥Ǳȥ

ػ˼ˣ߲ڵ˿ЪϢ

үӻûߣǹûŹߡСʦҲһȥ˸ɴƤҪôүһȳԵġǸӽŵĺŹʢֳ˼ز׼緹˺ܿҪˡ
ͷûԾ˵ˣתطЪϢ

æЪȻҲûġֻͷһϹæˡǾͻȥЪϢʳĹҲϣǸһݷŹţٳԡ

ӺӦˡ

Źôãһ¾ʹӹͷϵͷҲ͸֭һ¸оζġյ߹Ǳ˵ǹζˣڶ֭Ҳյúãζȫ͸ү¿Ӷܲס֣⻹еζ

ЩǡȻ˳պŹȴϲԴζģʡ

ʺãʺá

ȥ֣Ե顣һɲܶԡⶫصúܡ

үӽƱ˵Լأ˵ˡһ˵ͱԵòͣĺҶС𴩣үӴûҵأûվͷݡʡԿʲôҲ

үƳһ۰ţü㬵˿ӡ

һûȥͷԣҲζ갲ҲûǮү߸̨ϷһӡǰŻû֣ȺͷֶѾˡ

¥ǹһٷǲˡͣ˻ǲͣԱ˯¿һʹӴӶ¥̨õð죬Ҫ

Ųʲô¶ѴӺ

ǰְֵĹӱΪǸԲˣǸ۵С˲һ䣬ôֿˡ
ҩӣ˶ʮգŵ϶ˡ۵̶ûʣ¡֮ЩӳԵú˯úãС͸죬ˮ͸ġһƾҲڿݡ

ԹԣȻǸεСӣ⹫ӳڵĵһ䣬źڹ̨ͷܹüͷ

ûôֻʣ֪Һ£

ǹȴ·Ƶģ֪ĶһȡȻ£ûȵ̶ֳȡȸͣΧŰתһȦ˫⼷ֻʣһ۾ֱضŰţµɨӡźϧ̫ˡ

ŵĻû仰һԵܹɫˡѸٷһ˪ӹ̨滺߳õĿȻ
Ǹ䳤࣬ƽЦݶԵú룬ЦһǼĮʱǸĴս˪ĮôŷЦʹ类סӵѼӣ˻Ǿɲؿܹ񣬲ײһСطʳƹôǿƣүˡ

Цݽ˽Ҳֻܹʰţʳĳӣ

ǡŵͷ

ҶҸ㿪һ£ͷӷ˶һЦյ⼷һڷӸ˫űӣ

ܹЦһͱžͰס֡ͷЦʣ֪ܳӣ

Σ
ͷ䰲سӿеūҲͷӶ԰ŻĶг
ֵñӻģһЦӻټӡ

Ų죬һ𾪵ؿǶҸĶʮԭΪ˸󣬿ıȻȶҿö࣬ԭ

˶ʱҭס
һ˫۵ŰţһϲµġƢãһɫͱˡ

ãӸ̧ˣӵʮִһ仰˵ĲСľͼŭӺʲôʮǮԭƧС򣿾ƹõóô㣿ԼãʮЦˣ

ſһܹȻɣҲðɣ

ܹһۡ

ţаɣո˶ѡ

˲ΪȻģϸˣŲţһ仰ҵ꿪ȥ




38.  ʮ   ǸȥĶˣ

ŶҲġһʮֽӲ, ǹ˹ݲ㶼͹û뵽һСطʳҲô񣬺ݺһӣתߣʶ̧ٵҰãҪǿмɫ, ӻô㣡
˵, һȺȵĹʹŭسʳ

޹գգ, ôˣþͲܶʮһˣЦŤͷһ಼ӵܹ񣺡Ҳûкܺᰡ

ܹҲͷ, ѻƵ۽޸, ΢΢

ˣһͽתů, Ҳʱһÿ˶ˡʱնæˣµ꿪ҵ, ණʱ֡æµ֮к⴩ʲôôһԼҲûʲôѡܹѿƸᡣҲֲñ˵

ԼſǼǵԭԭòġĺܴһԭ򣬾ǰһ˳޵ĻòУƾû˿̫ܲ, ۵ƤҶ˰ɣ
Ťͷһܹ, Բ̫ԲǱ˸ĵģһߵҶ˿õŹ֣ɣĥŸ֬

Ƿ˵߾ߣȴҲû˰ȥ⡣ôѲ˴𽻵񣬲á
ۻغԺŤͷүӻžͺΣ춼, үӲȥţ

Żûأүӱֱ׳ص⽿Ƣθּǳź򲻺áղûԱٸһ롣

ţôڣôɴס

ǰֶոϳȥϷסҲǲɡүźӿǵ

ţ

ҪʹɣСͷҲڡչΪҲĹŶڴ󷽵ĿʮֿݡԼĻүӰԱ߿ͶԱ߿

һͣˡˮ˳ŵطȥге󡣰̧ɫƻꡣпգϽͷ㳦ջȥ

үӸںͷ˻û˼ˡ

ӵķѾˣʰ˳ȥһۣ˶Ǳ߶ˢ롣˵ӵÿ࣬ǱӰݵøӶ롣ʱֻһСšԵģĬĬظɻ

ߣӽűӰԶȥĽŲõıﲻס
ϴŴ˲ѣյعϡݹ᾵ģΪһһġô꣬һ˳ŵίͻȻҵբڣһԶ·ҪƵġһ˿˲֪ã޵޲ˣŶϴõȥ

Ƭ̺󣬹ȻһꡣѵûʲôˣһͰˮݡ
ںţôһζ䲻ܹǰҪϴ裬ȴҲǸݵˡϴӾվ̨Ϸ˴
ԭһ仰˼ź뿪õķҴϱŸĶֹľģʵ֪ȨҲ׾Ĺ¹Ѹֹ̫ˡ˵û˸Ǹɱ˵Ĺ˶ѡ
ǴҲû뵽Ȼķ·תһײ˳ˡӶǸղڶ¥Ǹ󺺵ס֣ȼֻ̿֡ããȻ֪롣

ο˶¥ߵֱ᷿ͷŻجج뿪

һգۼ͹ȥһڡ˦ߵĹһʹӺƺػ
һζ֪ûȥõط
ʱǷӻﻹ§ŸŮǹﴩ˸ɴ£ؿڸ첲ⶼ©ŴӺСӽպײֹŮȥ֮ͥ£ֵֻĶֶ˼ҹȹȥ

ϸȥһĻûϹ˰ŵ۾

뷢ŭǰһڡ
ܹ֪ʱӹ̨ͷ߹̧ס۾λʲô

ʲô˶ĹͷŤһ˫۷šĹ⣬Աȥӣôˣ

ʳʳֻס⣬ˡ

ˣִ˹ȹóڱǼᡣԴµشܹ񣬺ȻģЦһСӣ㿴µõģΣ

˵ţǸŮתһŹһ˫һۡݰ𪣬ʱﻹݵ˫ӯӯתģలš

ܹ˲

ǲǳòʮԵãһӻȥӡ
ǻⲻ۵Ķһ⣬Ҽ.Ūļйй𡣽ͱץ˸иݲѾͷ䲻ôһƣЩʳĳӡǸ˳͸ƹأ

ûòкأľګһ㲻ϲ
ŤͷŰŵϴʰһŵģˡϴǦһ㣬ɾ֦ͷǽ׵ѩ滨һµõС檶Ǯ
Ų˵Դ𣺡ӣˡǲǱʮһ»öࣿ

䣬˾ͷ·һĳص˳ȥ
ȺʹӼеظϽ׷ȥܹѾһ˪ˡǷ紵͵Ĳӣһžͽһʮİϸ߷ɳȥԶ˲Ŀؿűŭܹ񣬸Ͻȥס
ܹʱƾˣס鼱ֻ֮һѱסȵȣȵоҪǲܰ

ܹо¶ȣסƵģһؽסˡ

ûעĹŹ֣ŵͷܹ񣺡㣬䰡

ᣬʮսӻһ·ָʹλáⶼ˹̣ٴѾһûˡܹһ۰ţŭδסһ˾Ѿ߳ʳ

վ̨֮ϣӸµؿһȺˡ
һɱƣŵõµһȺɪɪǰؿ۵ðָܹµط·Ҫз磬岻ѡ

ܹ޻ˣɭɭؾ棺ٸҶ˵һ䣬ͷͱҪˡ

ǰһ£㶵ӶʪһƬ
ʹǸһ·ɫӲʱһƨҷš
һȺ˶߶°죬ڰѷӷæˡһֱվһûļӶܹ۾ĳ档ҧ´еؿܹǰϺǵһ㻹Ÿʲôϣ

һۻ

ܹƳһۣмŮԱ񣺡ʣµӻ˸㣬Ͻ

Ⱥס˲һվʹ̸ǹʳҲûԶڸڵסˡ
Ⱥʹӻʰģصǰĺܣβƨҷš

ܹһŰתݡ
ȻòԾͷһһ˫۾˼ضƺôСӡŵȻ飬ܹƽʱǺȥġһֱǸƢû뵽ô׵ʱ

ô

ûջߣ˶٣ʣƢŶ

ȻǸƢھܼġϾǼ̳ˣһܼ֮ҵĵӣƢסȺţ񡣲һһСܹɫǻЩ춼ˣô

űˣ˦־ۻغ

ܹü֮бѩźۼס˰ŵ󣬽ǣȥ

ˣžЩЪɡ

űקȥ㶵ĿӦŶ

һ磬ܹȥв򣬹ӴԼеĴҲؽ̯߰ӵģʲôСſɱʵ⡣ܹ͸Ͻȥܹ·ʲô󿴣ʲôҲûüͷ塣

һ̯λһ̯λؿһҩ̯Ӷʱͼȥ
̯϶ȫ۸Ҳ󡣹һҩС׼оͱǱŸײˡ

岻ǳɽϷáһۿղŴʲôҲû˵һץס˰ϵһߣʲôҩ

ͻȻץסŵɫҰףһţصسһ

˵Ŵոʳ̣ȻҲ˵ʳ¶ոɣ̵ʱʳĺײˡ˶ãȻҲرһôչ⣬Ȼӵģ㶫óƣ
Ŵƽ˵һ˵һѪֱģȰ˼ҷҿû㡣Ӱô࣬Ҫǳ嶯֮ҩˣҪǹ˾ģ

Ŀھһ̧ͷϵЩˣ

ϵáŴɿϡ

֪ǲ֪Ҫʲô˿϶֪Ȼôһ仰Ͳ³ĿġӲԼҪˣ¹ضӣһץסŵӣҶµĵ죬ǲҲڳǲǿ˭֣
ǰӳµϢطҴ壬ӸϵѾ͸ˡǺ˵֪˲űͷʲô£˭֣

ŴʶԼ˵ʮְա

ͷ˫ĿͨĹ𻨣ԥƬ̣˵ˣǸģǸݸ߸Ǹб۵ģǸͷģ⼸ȥʱѾˡҪЩ˱Ҳù˼һ·ˡ˼ҿû㣬Ҫֳʲô¶˼ҡ

𻨳Ĭû˵ͷһ˵˺üáͻȻ˦žܡ

ͬʱһ·Եڻִ˽ǡ
ſڽǰֻ費һӾ͸õˡĴϣƳһרע·һ·ؽ꣬ӱޡԭµгһߵˡ·֣·һͷ麣
籴ҧ´ü·磬ʲôΪξ·ͻȻˣ

·ڷ飬̧ͷһ۵Ī룬ƾˣҪġ

Ŷҧҧ´ġ

˶٣ʣ֪·Ԥʲôʱ³ƾ٣ô

⻰ʳڣǱ··һ㣬ûΪûһ顣·ٴ̧ͷ˫۾עŰ磬ͻȻʣǸأ

Ŀһװ޹

ƽҲŰɣ

·ͻȻˣֱġššȥɿںŪ˵尡׾ȥ˵Ҫʱȥһδˡ·֪ҵģ˰ҿһˣ˲֪ʱʹӦˡ

Ŷ·ͷ

磺ţ˻Ժ󣬾ͻ׷

·۾϶˼Ϣ֪˻ûţͷֵͷȥ

һƬ

绹ʲô⣬ȴǱ·Ѿ鱾С˳ĬԶԣ·ʼնһԸ̸ģҲֻ㬵ر졣




39.  ʮ   ҶӶ

֨ѽ֨ѽؽ˳, ɫ硣·Ƚͻּңٻ·ҡʱһʱ嶯׷ŰȥһһؾСꡣ, г֪ŭֻҪһ뵽ʧ, ĸ׻ѹ, ·ͷͻ𼱻ǵܡ

Ҵҽ͵ּſ, ̫̫ûȥݼ, תͻ
ԭԳŷֱټһ¸顣һûڣǰ˾͵ͷߡſһͷ, Ǳ·ҲֻͷӿšĻû˵ֻһ䡮ȥɡ, ʮίҪߡ

˼תͷʱ·Ѿˡ

һڽҭɤۣûҭɴ۾˼飬뵽һ··䵭ﲻеš

Ѿû, ʱֹһ䣺·Ǻ⣿˵ȥ׵¶˰ɣ

һ仰ɴ˰ķιӡ
ŭ, һѾߵϣסڣ·һԾŶľӣ˵ڵĻûջصĵʲôڣ˭׼

ѾͨһϣŵɫҰףϢŭϢŭūˣ

һڶһ·ƺųڷȥѾߺü⣬㾪ּҵŷſǱ֨ѽһæ̬Ѿ̨ס
ҴӴŽȥ, ŶԺּ̫̫޲Ūǹ˼հͷĽ̫̫͡ʰˡ˼ʱ㾪ֲּҺãѾϵŴѹɤӳһ䡮ȥʰ㡯󼲲ǰ¡

ͷǸӣһּңιӲӼһ˲תͷﱻһӣüЦֶˣ

˵žÿðԼȥ

Ѿ߿ҲҿޣۺظϽϡּҽĿͶ˵ıӰԶһڡֹһ䡮ʲô֨ѽһŸˡ

һ㣬¶ʹ̫̫С

Ҳ˵̫̫˵ŮȻȻر·ͻԼŮȴʬҰжܡ˵Ǳ߶鷿ӳҲ㷲
ռ֮°˶ţ˭뵽ôùȥûһʱͱӸˡͷּ˵֪ϢϽ׷׷ϡ˹˼ҲҴģұ١˽˰£ŵ֪˶ѾӸȥ

ӳǺڵġȻôô׹ĸΨһŮô磬ǱΣ.͸.Ҳ̫̣ҲôҲû취ܸ

ӳȻοԼ¶Լ޹أѾüµجΡ

̫̫ǱΧŮѾ˺ü£֪·ҴϹϵ·ҵճ·Ϧദĸ£ŭġ˽ߣԼһڵȥ

ּһҡ

Զİǲ֪ġԴ糾Ժ󣬾Ҳûйܹ顣ϾѾ˺Σ͵Ű·ʮױóףճûɶϵǮ׬ˣٺúûؾһˡ

һ£졣
ʳȻЩסȴˡԭ˵Ҫ²Żķϰ壬ŴСӵĶһҹʳšˣԭǵȥز۷ǰ·ˡ

̶ر󣬺ƺʮˡЯ˴زԭҪȥľȥ̶ƺʲô£˸ĺӡ
ǺҲ֪ʲôس̶ӼҲˣ뾩Ҳȥˡ·Ͻʵͼǰ̶ӡʮ˷ֿͷˡϰ屾˳ְһѽԵ̬ȣѯ˶ĺģ

̶ӻĪԺӵģտڲԡϰ֪⺢ҪݹأǱضʲôҪˡҲû໰Ǵ󲿷ֵʡ

ʡҲʡʱ䣬һ²۷ˡ

ƹҲ̫æĶܾ÷ţסһҹߡƹҲˣܹ˵ĺܣرӶЩʳ

Ҳ飬ȥջ

ܹȥæ

һ˶Ͳô໨ҲţؽĲ˻»зõţžظһ档棬ͷĽͷġﻹЩЫӣֽżظʢһ̡

̶Ⱥسһ棬Ǯǰʹ졣ʮӵĶǮֱӸܹУϺЦЩ㳦˰ɣβͷæһͨǶװװãһǾҪߡ

ܹ񱻰ŴţŴ󷽵ĿͻҲЦˣȻ

շϰһͻȻԤĲ˶ԹˡЫӽ˰죬ԵһͷʣϽϣڶЩϡ
һ磬ûżҴҵȥϵȡЫӶǸģÿնúܣúʱˣЩżУǱ˶ſڵš
ѾˣһȺԱߵȡһ˹üͷ

ôһ

ͻȻ׵һ㶣˶٣⣬ء

һģŤͷһ˵˼仰һĴֳһֻ׳˶קǾðŻʳȥ»رһߣҪǰɣֻвУ

һۣĺܣⶨȻʵ

ͷС

Ȼȥɱ˾͸͹ȥ

ű׵һһ㶵ģӶûüͱˡߵ·عЩЦǺģ̬ҲǲϲҲ֪ǱɹоʲôԡŤͷˣҲûˣǼӿŲϽʳ

Ҫʳſڣ·ʮԱߵСӡͻȻܳһӰȻӱʲôסˡһʶͻͷ

Ťͷһûˡ

ӻǱ߬ţǵͷһͼһںСͷקӣſھҪǮҶӶˡ

ţ

գգ۾ͷСͷӡ

Ǯ𣿡Сͷ˵СüͷҵĶӶˣ

ΣСؤûУôֱ׳ĻͷһŵԼС壬ŴͳöͭǱа̡

СͷõҲ˵һܲˡ

Īؿһֱƭ˵ĸоһҲͼǮʼ磬ϽʳһţӭͷײɫæĹӡ֪ĶŲߵ÷ɿ졣֣ſھͺһ

ͻȻ˺סһһ¾ͼæﴧ̧ǰţӲǳ˳ɰͰ͵ƹġ

۾Ƴص֣ƿߣЩңǴĶ

ûԺƣȥߡԴʹšִóǽڴִָͷѣûʲô޽ɢͷ𵽶ԲִٵתƻҪϴʲôˣǱ߿˶ǲҪæˣȥʰһ£ϻɻ

˵ţȰſڣǽС鲽ˡ

ŶִٵıӰЩɻ󡣵Ҳû룬Ͻæˡ

ӴҴܻŹϣƵĹ͸ɴյϣϵĳ·𱻽ƤĻװסڿ϶һҩãȻ 
ҹһȻĿһҹյĸƢζۣҲƽ˵շתžĳ˶ѾϳʳҪ¶ЩˣǸȺ˼ȥڳ˵Ρ

ҩžžવµΪһĸףƴҪҲøǿĶӴɽֻعҲӦõġ

תһ˵ĻʵҲס¶Ҫץ˶һʳ⣬ʳĳʳ¶ǾǺһӡϷǶ𱨡

ѹèצһֺݺһ󣬽ǰҩͷȥ

ûиѿųȥ

ʳ⼸ʵ̫æһմ絽ʮ˰ˡϸʳġ˵ףЩ΢еҵף˵ˮƽ˵ۣӦΪǡֻôʮˣͬһֵʳѾסϾϵİնһǮݻο³ԲĴ

ǸĵİϣүҲɹشּҰסʳ

ճŰķˣۿɼػָ˲١⣬۾ҲԵþˡԭ˵ҪȥѰͣʦʳҲûȥѰ˵ĻүȻŻһݰͰ͵ģѾƵһؼǰˡ

ֻүӵʹӣѧݸ߸ߵ˳ԳԺȺȵģɻĴүǡ

ǻû˵ιأ³һ峿ʳͳˡ
ʱŻںԺӶľԱһûһժϴˡǰͷֺģĳʲô£־ȥǰá

˴òŷ鲻ԡһþһˡһȺͷôΧţһϤϤָָ㡣

ŸӽŶȥ׼ɢͷһĿӴιҿĶӰɱĺʳ㶫˳ԣŶ

˻һ˲䶼ˡ

ŮλףҶ˵ʳĶպãЩﳢʶ˭֪

˭֪ҾǸĸεĺڵ갡Ҷһأȥ˼أ˾Ͳˣ

Ǹ˿ͷŵתָ߿ڳϷҪǮǲһ㶼ҪǮӣص㣿һҪǮһǶãﵽǣһץһ¨ӣŪ˳һ͸Ҫ˰ǮӣϵʳļҲ֪ôˣ͸ȥҳԣɺҵĶ

˶˵ʳĲ˺óԣҿָͷ˶Ǹ˲ҪĶֹʳĲɫ˵⻰žͲԣĳڳ

⻰һӻӿͷƿ;ͳȥȷʵŸˡϸŰײƲڵһؿûСӰŵĽǶֻüͷǶ͵ָͷײԵ¶·õģ·ؤ




40.  ʮ   ˫һ

ʳʳǳĹ¶ԭ˶֪, ۸ù󵫲˺óԣûʱûʲô˭صټϳ¶һͶʱͱζ
תͷһ룺ǰ, һֵǮһץһѵ, ʳƬһƬ, ŪҪǮ, ȷʵĺڡ

ɲ, º㶼û˳ԡ
Ⱥһֺˣ˰ϵãǸƹ
ջſ, ܹŻȥɿ, £Ϻġһãøȥӱ̣Ҫ̶١һŪ˳̲գ͸Ҫôӣȷʵǲ

ԭϲֵǮο᲻ζҲͻûԹĸˡһӭϡ

νƾ㡣һ, һ, ͷ˸ûƵľ͸侮ʯɲֹ㣬ǲãʳǸʲôȶ˳˵Ķ۸ҲĲͣ˵һСҪʮġ

ԹԣҪ˰

ҵ찡ȷʵҪǮ

ȺϤϤģһָָ㡣

űЦˡŵǱˣһٷҪʮһѾˮ׼˵Բ, Ⱥһ𣺡¥참һҪһٰʮζ緽ƹġһҪǮѾǷƹͷỹ˲֪ʳʳʳĵĹֻһҪǳհɣ

˵ǱСҶƵһ仰ֵȺΪ֮һ

Χ۵Ķֲ´ġοͶ˼ҡ˵ʵڻʳһ£սѾۺ졣ͬʳ˼ң޲ʳʹ˵գýпֳ÷ֵǼʳȥ

һǶʱͲˣͲ֪ˣ

ɲô˵Сӣʳҵ֮ǰģʳģ۸ýٺóԣ㻹ܱӲɣ

ǰյζٺҲ䲻⣡ڲǮ

ڲڲǮɲһ仰ԲͱԣĶôϻҶԭֻ˵乫үҽ޲ߵʳ֢Сƹκˡգ϶⡣ҰС겻֪ߵغ񣬵ſڴƻơ

ò˵һ仰µɽķΡʳĳʳȥܴһԭζáʳЩ꣬ôնǶ˵ġҪյĺóԣû¸ġⲻ֪Ķһ仰ʹɲҪţ
ָˡ㡯˸죬֪ô˵

ǳ죬Ǽ˼ʳã߾ȥúѧˣúãǷʮҲ⻨ӳԡԼҵĲɫøʳһ֪ʡָɣعֱ˼Ҳɫ̫áҶ춾һֹһͷֵһ˵էէϡ

ȺɥŷԣҲ仰ָժʳùˡ໵һɤӺ˵ҷ˲ɾˡ
һؿޣһ۾ǵҪʳǮǮɡ

ſţͻȻֳץšűһ֮ʱûӸץϹ۾Ҫܹۼֿסӵšȥŵܱץ

Ҷ쿴ۿˣĹεķ۸һ¹ѵ˼ˣ
һסͺô̶ǶҶӶҾͿ»ûˣǮ˲𰡣Ǯܺ

һ߽кͷͻȻӿһȺˡԭĶһȺ˳
˵ĳЩƳĳЩγ
廧һ˳һһ󱣣ѡһ󱣳ʮһЩ˸ΰѲߡ֪Ǳ˽йɹôƿĿһͺ˭ʳĶң

ŸҪվܹӦǡ

ⶼҲǷҴˣϸϸϺմ״ʡǷľײһ֧ͬзӡǰϵĽֱ߸˺ĶӣǰͻȻҡһ϶̻ȥĶ˵ϻ÷ˮ
ѾòϣȻϵðšϵðţȴϵܹ
˵ͷиΪ˵¶ڡ
ӶˣڼԼû£һֱûȢסǰ˼ҵ׶ȥõĹסǹҴ忴ˣⱻܹһĸߡµҲûɣߣܾ˾ͻȢǹá
¶ܹ˲֪ȴ˷һһܹͷҲûǱ߿ɥӾһӣȵǰɣߣ

ȻǹϵȨȴСԭûã˵Ļɷ

ûд˭ĵץˣܹһ߿ˣŭ

Դӷӵ϶˵ʲôʲôץˣûô˵¹ԭӵĻҷ

СƢܹðָŷЦˣĻͷôˣƾʲôץأʬˣһ˵ˣһһģʳùǮģ

£տûٸɡôһУʱѻȸ
ȷʵһ˳ʲôûʣϵʬҲûƣſָʳˡ˼ҹүҲŪԭίɣֲͨɣڰľͶʵסĿ⿴Ǳ߱ʬϸˣ˸˸ģȻè塣

ֲһͿǮԭˡһ䣬Ⱥʱ˽

һڣתͷȵŸʲôɢ

ǰײƿŵĺȻһɫڵʬ塣۾գǻŰĭһסӣֲڵشһʬ塣µط֪һʬ쿴һ۶ûоͶ϶°ĭɫڣǱġ
˵գ̧ͷЦǻкλ˵

űʵĶϰЦôҲý˱ǳʳĲ˶¡ʳʲôϵ

Ա߿޵רĵͻȻһ
·𱻼ŭӵֱҶӾǳʳʲô˿ģ˿Դûеģ˾ֻУҳʳɾˣҶӣҶܸТ˳ӽҶӣ

䣬⸾˾͸Ƶĳ˴š

һЦˣʲô֤֤ǳҼʲô˿ģ

ûԹģͳ

һ죿

ҶТ˳õ˵кò˶ȥҳ

ţŶôû

ҡӺһӣսδû뵽һˡͻȻʸһҭסָıӰ졮㡯Ȼ˵ɴͷԼʹ󣬿ʳҪ۸¶ĸ

Ҫִͱбˡ

Ծ˵ģ˵ǰԲѻԲʳˡ

ܹһ㶣գգ۾̽Ӧһڣ

ź죺Ǹϳȥ

ܹ񣺡Ѿͷʹˡ
ȷʵܷǽͨġվǰȥǿײ¸ʬͷԱߵĺҶҲæ̧ʬ׼ȥүӲ֪ʱ߹ݵְ˰ʬֿ˿ֱ̦֫СʧŤӦʳҩ¡
ү󣬵ڳý˶ˡ
ӵһ˲Ť˶٣֪ҩǴ𣿡

ϷǴ򣬵Ϸ۾ῴүԹһ־磬鲻Ǻá˵ǹ٣Ϊٹ߼޻Ӧվݵģȴסȣǲţһԡ

ͷرͽıڵ˼ӡ˭һû
˵үôһ˵ٿǵʬ״ȷʵҩģһ˶Ƶģ˭˵ĵǾ˭

ȺﴫɣȨһٶرƣɫѾʮֲÿˡ
վôŹʳܡ˵ԼعȥسǹҲˡҲ׻ʬԱߣװģطƤ̦ϣ֪ҩǵҷŴȥģ

Ǿǣ˵ǣǱߵ͵Ҽжһӵ˶Ҽұ˵ҩûУҶܲڼҶ

ЦȻҩֺǮҼʳķˣֲһ

ӹ˰죬װû

װģ˰죬ʵҲûȻװúƼˣϥվ粵ЩˣˣѣҵҪʳǲҩˣҪǱѵ˲ӦеĶ˾ʳ£˭Ҳժϵ

ЩϺû˹ܹʲôʲô˵ΪΪ
⿴ֵٲ֪ʳǱԩģǾͶɵӡҷûг˲ҪǷʳȻ꣬²ؿ֡ϾѲƶʳˣǻܶһ⡣

û뵽Щ˵ѾѡӴֱ¥˵ܹҪүӵҲһؼ

ȥүɫѿ
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ôǸ¶˭ܣ

үӰּլȴʱû뿪ӡЩʱʱʳšҶȥԺԭִŷǵøȥسǡ
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أҲøȥسǵġ

Ҷļʱ˦ԭͳˣүǱ£СȻ岻ݴǡ

˵ţҲԭ޵ҪҪæؾ͸źҶˡҶ߿һۺԺ֪Ժסԭ䣬ԭ֮ʲôèǶ֪ġ

ƣæçв󺰴СкҶӿЦˡ

¡Ҷ˳ջߣӿŲʳǱ߶ÿЩ

ܵ÷ɿ죬ϴָ첲ϴȶҪµүӲˣܡ˴ҴҸϵѾ˸ϵСܹͰŻһվţмһ˿޿ĸˡ
ӽҩһЦȻҩ

ʰܹʲʲôʹȴһһ׼
ӱǸСˣҩҲûҶ֡ͻȻĿ֮£֮£ӶһƬհˡŹӵ˶ѳҩǲġããȻû˵ı˵һС

ǣҾ˵ܶϴӵ󣬡ҷӰ´ûдģ

ܹ۾

ôʱǻϣ

ʳ¶ΪҪϣܹ񵭵ʡ

ҩѳ֤ȷ䣡ŭŵ¶Ҫô

ô˵ֻҪҩľ¶ıεĶԻܹ᲻𾢣Ǽҩƹ

ʳˣ

ʳˣһ˵ſڵĻʳأ̲סʬϽġʱģںδģֵǲ˵Ķ㶼ûвտڰؾͶ϶ʳҼʳķʳôƼˣ

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һģϿɫȻģʱһӣ

ſھͺģҩģ޹أ
Ҫģûùôˣ㷽ѵ𣿡߶µģҲ֪ĶȻǰһֺеĽӣҲ䷹͵ġҡһɶƣѵǹʳǮģ

û뵽Ͱϵ׸ͱˣŭеĹӾԴá

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ļʱظϵȵôĵӣִˣŲӸ㶼ͷժˣ

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ǲҵĹϵίʵҲû뵽Ϻ꾹ȻΪһʳͷĺҶɲĵʲôˣôб°
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һүӶ˸ţһԲ˵үӵľݣܻ쵽λãȻġҳɤӾʵǳʲô£

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ȻûȥسǣȴȻȻԼӪǼƣǺ޲ͷʳһȫ硣
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һ仰˲һҲһ㶣˶ٲЦЩʲô

۾ƳүӣĻҲû˵ģһ䣺үӵƢθãáͷ¶ȥæ

⻰һ˵ӵһԼϹûߵ˲Ͱˡ




41.  ʮһ£ޣ   ˫һ

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⻰˵ĺЦ, üͷ˵, ϶⻹ͷһرвˡС۾б򷽴, ЦЦ鿴÷һ
뵽ŶĽҲ±үŶӿסأ

Ŷ, ԭͷŶ¶ˣֲֲ, ǴûӡҶβ֪ϷĶӣӱ壬ʱǳһ̯ӡʰ̯ӾͲ֪ʰٻأôسǻڣԭ£
ĿôһɨͲ³Ŷǿʳˡ

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ôһֵּЩڴӦôʹ죬ʱ˲á

Ϊѣû˵̧ȽǰԩүСԩҪ죡С˽ƴһҲҪ˵ǰ, С˶ӱŵĹʹӵִС״Źӣֹ
ѾϣѾûк·һԼԩʳⶼǸŹǰɱûУү

Ŀ֮£䲻ıһɤӸ

һࡣɵ˵棬ٻͷҲ˵ܣֻܱлǺú˵¶Ժ˵Ƚ⸾˶ӱҩ֮

ϸ˶ʱɫһʶ򷽴ӡ

ӱܿǸ˶ʱͻˡ

Ȼûз֧ţǸ˸;סʡһվǰŻ캰صϸʵøƵģֶҺšӡʬ屻ϳȥƨҷšԴ˵ˣ޲굽طȥ
۾ĶôˡŵŶ˰
˵Ŷ۾һңƹڽվţʱʱɿ𡣿ǻɵĿͶղŻµĴˣװˡȺв֪˭˵һ䣺˵ƹҵСڸسļҹ˵檣òǹ˾ʲôŹӰɣ
һ仰ǧˣȺ˲۷׷ס
ƹ˲ǵͨ졣뷴¶˵һ仰ǣϽŤˡ

ôһߣȺ͸ˡʳ£ָƹĸɵģϾڸڣԭʳû֮ǰáϣԽֱʳԲɲʣ
һҺô˼ռˣҲԼҲյʲôζ

ľױҡղŻָժŲҪ۹ַĶ˼ûӰ£ȫƾԼ²˶ۡ

ⰸʵûʲôöϵģݺ𻨶ӱ˴£Ǹ֡
ǰ˱ִ֪ģʱ¶С¡˵˿¶ɻڴʱö˲²⣬˭¶ȥû뵽ôײǰǰһϷôģܴ

Ѿ˲ˡˣԩҪһȫ˵
һ߿һ˵Լƽһһ˵ʮĽķţʮ˷ɽʮ๫ˤɽʮκǰҴɽͬ˷˵ȥϸʳСǮȥһվͱ˵ִ

ҶǵȻµˡСû׻ţͱ˼ʮĺӶ¡ڴʮû˳졣һʵӣǸǹˣ

û˵꣬ͱ˴ϡ
ô˵ЦﲻӶȻԼҶ˵

˵˻𣡡ӱͻɷӣô˵ð𣬡ǰҶǸһϡҶòףֱ߶ӵҡһɶˣ

˵ȥһٶرϵף¾Ҫ߳ŭ

޼ɵʵүӣס֣û˵ˣﻹ𣡡
үѾǹٺܶ꣬ȴҲݲСϾǸûĸã˵ͺɱһҵڴˣĿ޷ͣǳΪĸ٣Ϊذ͸ҴˣҪʲôã

һ飬ȻҪġ

ҪͿ飬ĥĥģ

ȻȻżǶСӸɵ¶һ˵ףһ׮ٻӵܵİӡ򵥣Ѿʱ֤꣬ͱĨɾʱĿ߷ҲŶӵĹӣ֤ܳ

үܹȻӵİҪ飬ҲҪ١

Ȼʳŵģ¶ܺŪ¡ǲͷ˭ʳ˳۾Ͷôһ֣
λ˾ôʳڰʳʳˡҲø˵ǡܹ񲻼ϾǾǵò참Ѳ黹Ѳءⷽ磬ƾ޾ݵһ⻹ô

ЦүҸ˽լ̰߼޻

ʲôլ

Ƴһүӣүɫģû˵ʹӦˡ

ӵЩסЩ¶ɾס顣Ҫǲ飬Ȳ˵Խȥٵ³ָ˶Ҫηȥ¾͹˲ϻڣĶӽڵİϸŲӾɱŶӻϣ

˺ʱ̬ȸˡЦŶ

Ӧġӵ磬򳤶ûӿɲǸƢͲ½նңȥĹ٣

˵ĺҲȷʵ֤ӵĻûм١
ⷽĵһͷҲǻʵĳ͢һĹ٣δ쿪вЦˣԿҵƣŴ˿ǵȱ°ҵĹ١

Ӽû£ŭĶʱЩš

һȣˣ˶ȥ

һ£ּҵļ;ͳ

ǰŶǸ׵ĸֽƵģץס첲ͼ
Ǹõӣ̣ˡţɤܴ죺°ү治£

һ޼˳ּϷʳˣСҲǱ˱ƵġǷӱϸʳֵģ˵ֻҪﵽ˾͸ͣЩʲôˣɱ˵ģ治ϵҲҶӣϹؤĸûϵ

޺ץŵ˾Ӳ˸ߡ

ôһϷ·˶ǽζ˱ߣߵĹҲһߣδɢˡ뿪֮ʾŶˡǶǿֲ´һһģͽݺʳͷϡ
Ȼ֪֪治֪ģƹͦʵȻôˣ

ʵʲôʵǲãǱ̵߲ϰüȥģָ˽ﶼʲô˵Ĺ

¶һԣɰǸ˻ˡ

ȻǣĻǹѸȥĶĶҲ͸ȥģ

ҵ찡

ʳĲ˵ôóôȻվˡ

ҳԹζȷʵǺãסϵС˵Ҷҵûʳ;ȥּϯʳζôϡ
Ҳǡ
ƣһ־ôлĻ죬δ뿪

Ϊӵ£ߡŵ˸ֵģô׼ʳҲǸ˾Ȼʬϵž;Ӧ
кܹ˺Ѵ´ɨһ飺úúȻ

ܹûɹɨĻЩֱšȻǲʬ壬ϾСϰһ仰ʬľηȷʵû١룬ȥιӹ߸ߴվſڣһֻץιһֻץͷ

ɨѰѴɨһ飬ŤͷûܹˡŹ˲ðɨʱȻ͵ץɨһȦڴſڿˡ
ۿڸ

ȥܹһȥôˣ

ȥȥѵձŴҲŲѿڶ֪Ļæѹȥȥô

Ȼأܹͷιӣ̽Ѳ뷨ʦ

ţֻΪʲô͵

ʰһʳߵ־綼ǧʱ򣬷ӸϺͷһ·ķԷɫÿǴ𻨵ģͿ²ǣʳĿɬɬģĲҩˣ

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ϺҲʣҩǴѳģ

Ŀ⿴ܹܹ񵭵̾һҪ֣û³ɡ

ô˵ġʱܣͷʳ﹤ġԭǺһѣǺԼҡ
̾Ϣһ࡭
ɰͰ͵һأûѻȸľҲû˵żžžવس麵̣üͷġЩڴæĥͲӴĥ꣬þûϡŶûͳ¡Ȼ˵ûаʳʲôЩӦ

ŹﶼĵġѾѮϾҪ£Ҳ䡣紩ŷ촵ҡҷһ˰һ϶塣

Ŷӵĺ棬ûӳյհ𪣬һ˫۾ĳ̶
ʵҲ˵ڹֹӣһס۾ȷʵ˲ˡֻԼǱǣ޹ߣⲻе˵΢ôæ𣿡

ûŶ͸ϽˡҡҡͷԴЩͰ͵ġ

һԵķϺҲһǵȵ͵ķʵˡ¶Ҳû˭͹ű˿˼䣬˵ڴﱻﰴڵϴ¶ŰҲ˵ʲôĻֻȥ뼦档

ŸҪߣǱ߷ľżվ̧ͷһ۰źֵܹͷȥ̧ͷֹģԵм

ôˣ

ľ̾Ϣһûûʲô

˵ֵͷ

ܹڰߣϤ˷Ϻ˼ܸɴؾ;ܾˣǲˡ

ľګګǸˡ¹ѵһˡ

ȷʵǿˣʳ浹ˣľǷһӡ

ܹʵҲôᣬϾŶǷľľȻġ˶˽ģǰں󡣵ǿŷڵģûֹӡϾסڸʮ꣬ϵֺȷʵҲϡ

Ķﱻ岮沸ˣСéҲ˸ռˡ

ʱ£û˵

ľ̾Ϣͼǰ˲ڼңӾͱ˸ˡ˼ѼһӶûҪشסĵطûˡ

ǳ׵İˡŶ֪˵ʲô

ҪһݻҲԣʳˡһ°Ҳ㾯˲٣ֹԶûȥϸʡ׷ˣʡ¶ԺҪвˣֻܸɱġɲɣ

˿ڣû˵ľΣͷŰžˡ

ƲƲû˵

ܹȴ˿ڣ˲ˡ

Ķֻ̹ǰҸɻûʲôĵġԼҵĲƲȲ˵ܸܲɻȾͲᵣģÿжˣ򼸸ֽġ

ж٣׬˶٣

ܹ񣺡ʮһǮ֮ǰãʮˡ

ű׻Ӹѡֱӣɴصͷ򡣡

һ磬ܹյоʳֵһ¶ˡ˶˵˵˵ţĵҸ̵ĹѸè塣Сϰþôɫߣζʳû˵˵ҲʳĲǲǵôóԡ

ǿɲҲ˵ã׿ڳóԵ֣

Ȼǵˣ˶࣬һʱ䣬ʳˡΪһ㣬سĹӶҪ䷽ƣҥԴͷĿȫǡȲ˵ˣ˵ʳ㣬ȥԭһƲˡ

Ҳ˵Ժſֵٷ㣬˵һͨ꣬ؽĴԵòࡣӺͷϺҴȥղˣںԺ̲衣ͿԺǽͷһʯͷžһ

һȣſʽȷ硣ԭΪʯͷǴɣͿһʯͷžશ

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תͷȥŽһⵣžһš

ſһ˶ûУŲӣӻԺ档Ӷһ飬ûˡ׼ŹϡͿǽǱһźںӰèƵĴܳСһСʯӡƵסһԺﶪ

Сƺûͦ׼ÿһʯͷ׼صͬһط

۾ű߿СƨԤٶʱһɤӺסʲôأҼԺӶʯͷ

СըëèƵģצصȥ

ȹƬ̣СؽԴȻÿͶͷëǺġֻ۾ģʣ۰סǰţǵúǸͭġͦСֱ׳߹ʲô㰡

žСǲ̫ˣͬǰզأ

ȣ




42.  ʮ£ޣ   Ļ

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СקŰŵ½ǣգŴ۾ŰšҲߣԼĪһλáҲ⺢ӵʳС, , ͷþ򡣷·שҤ򹤲ӳһ㡣

ӴĽ, Դ, ֱ׳ؿŰţҶˡ

ţ

ҿҪˣСӷĹ

εط˸ۡ۸̰£

˽ɡŷԼ, 㣬ֻһ룬ҡ

Сһ, ûӦҲûܾСצקŰŵ½ǣ, úܣߣһأ

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Ȼ֪СܲܺȲ裬ֻ̡СָͷЩǡЩӡִӣ졣˳ָϽԣϽߡ

СߺģץŰӾ̻ʵس

СӹŹֵĺ, ˵Ȼ, ʵ㲻ôС˵ʲôöҺ˵㻰˵óߣߡ϶Ҫϵģ߻˳氲Ŵš

ſģ̲סЦһСƨ

Сƨܵÿ죬תۼûӰˡ

ɫһζˣҲ
ճ׮¶Щܴնģ񡣰ſžò, ɴҵ¶˸֧ȥ
ǰŸߣʹ˵ҹּұŲӵ˷ϡװηɱӣȥѾɫϡҪּʹӽȥˮֵļʱ˸ǵڶ˶Ҫ͸ˡ

ʳʱŻڽЫӣүӸպںԺæ

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Ѿ겻£ʱͷ裺ϷҪƣǲû

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ү˼룬ȥû¥ûüʰָʹŷȥ

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һ˦˻գ۾˸ӰõϢϻĺҶ˲ϽŷһԼĪʮӣֱ˵ЩʱٻҴ׷ȥ

ȥ²ŴҴҸϻķץŰŵĸ첲æǲģúõģ˵ԩôܳ¶԰ɣ

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ѣæ׾ԶԶԣȥơ

˵ţ˲ϺͷϺһȳһյĸϣѾӺųȥˡ

յսֳ¡ĥǲĸʦôô룬ɴȥһΣѧܹյһ顣
ܹͷͿΣһһ߻дʡ

һӣţ

ʲôҲȥô

ܡܹЦһӹιӣһߵ㡣

ŰһۣȥָſڹһȵӣҲȥá

ʱãֵĶˡСӵطСе¶ᴫõǡһ·ְ汾Ĳ²ⶼһ顣󶼶ڲ¹𻨵ĵǲηɱһòܡ
ϾвŸ״ηɱģӵĳûҲûɣ

ϵ۷׷ףȥá

ﶼģˡݣŹȥʱӱּҵʹӸԭǲ¶ģүӣԼϷ塣źŪ£˭ŶǷӸҽĸۡɱˡֳôһҲáŶһΣȻ˿š

ŵſûȥͷãû˵ķڡ

Ҳֻգ˿صһǮտһۻˡ

ʳ·аġֹѹ˺ִżʣһ⽨ƫԶС֮֮ᷢ⡣뵽ԼڿͷͱϺͿռҵߣ˲̫á

̧ͷůůϣЩңЩѹʱŮǺܼѡȻٻ֮ң״Ҳزȥ

ǮɡƲͨ죬Ǯ㹻ʱлȨ

˫ǻȥŮһϸ£ѡԼ׬ǮȻⲻŹ˺ԭˡΪ˱ҲԭܹίͿ࣬ȫһһֻ·ݣվ飬Ӧڸ·˽׼ˡ
˵Ļµõ·ϿҪһ̡ŲǵŮʲôݽ·ҴţŵʱʮױȻ⣬լȴô˵ġ֮һʱϱ·Ҵ̫̫Ǹӣ[ŵڣճճǿŮӡһʱյĴĥʱûմߡ

ԭȥϢؾǣ̫̫İŮȥϢһʱ䡣һ꣬ʱȡضᾡȫػչȥ

ͬʱԶڽּңѾ˰ŵơ

˵ǰˣ¸õһʱ֪ͨǵİˡΪ飬ϢȥỵּҵճӳĽǰ̣ȻȡᡣʧٵϢһʼͱּҸ
ڰңǱյϢҲֻǰּҴϰˣŷҪĸһꡣ

ǱյϢҲûɣϾǰŵ׵ҡĸ游׾˾׾裬ȻŮŸŮ̫̫̫̫ۡѹˣ̫̫ý̵Ľ̵÷ķĪ̫ݳ硣

Ҳ˵ּյ̫̫Ǻ飬˵̫̫ԼԺصʦһСáԾȪ֮µŮŮԷأоΪŮ

̫үϲЩĶǹ£û˵

ּ¶̫̫ԺӵСûĪ緢ĵճӳʱҲࡣּңԺ֣ȫһƬԵĳС

ӾͱȽϼ尾ˡ

ּȥţԴûӴּҵĻԡϾʧǵЩСֶΰ̫̫
һƣʲô棬

ⱲȻĸϥ£ĸû׽̫ࡣ˵Щ۰ȴҲȲСԱڻĵŮһŵϣ̫̫ԻۡǲذңּҲǸõطּұѪԵϵŰŲŵסġŵּ˺ǳ鲻Զ༸徻Ժ˵׼ˡ

ӳҲûԺҹˡ֪Ϊ˰ŵλ˵һ·Ǹ·ͬУ˽١ôãӳһ涼δ

״ĻţһԭԤڵĿֻš

ȥ·Ҵ·ʲôһձһĻţּҵĿԺŶײּˡ

šӵģܲᶥǰͷ£˿
ʱգƢԽԽ꣬һ˳ľҪˡΪѾߣ԰ưǼҳ㷹羪֮һ㣬Сųȥš

̫⡣ĵܵĸ׶ܱʹ˵ҲûǵȥעһСѾߵֻ̬֪·ӦȢʲôʱ֡ⶼ˿ʮˣ·һϢûС

ܵģܵģϱһԾŶ·οԼ·سŵܻ

·ȷʵسŵĿǰûֳŵ

ּˣŵݵǰûս롣ôŵ˻Ϣ磬ֱ˵ڽꡣΪԾľѰȥ顣

Ҳ˵⻰ûУҹ·ʰҰȥ




43.  ʮ£ޣ   һΪʳ硭

ӱȥּȴ㱻ں֮¶ըһ㶫
ǰİʵҲܼ򵥡֮֮, û˲ˡЩ£ҪƵһϣŻע⡣䰲۷׷, ѾֹסԷĳ̶ȡ֪Ӷס, Ҳ˶ˡϾּ¶, ͦӦġ

ǰ, Ŷԭ, Ƶʱվ·ߵķɽײɳȥرǻԲѡ
Ŷ˱Ա.ţ˾֮޷졣ʱ־, ĵһ¾ȥߵֵķɽҡҡλ߼ţ֮еķɽѡ䲻סȡ֮, ָʹʹӽɽִ 

ͷĿ֮£һֵ˶ˡ

ŶҫˣҲ⣬һʹﳤȥ±ʱһ˾˸ײˣ¸ͱȥżʶأ˽ʱ뷽ɽһķӸйȥ˵ôס졣

֪֮, ֻ¶û, ҹæĨۼ˻ͷĺܣմ¶մ֣̫Ū˹ȥ

ʱֱ꣬һ²һ£Ūȥһɧ

һŭ֮¾֡

ãԭˡӺܿ͸ơ

ĴӣǰˡΪڸ֤, ָͨҹԭˡĴѣվͱس˾̨ץءż˰֪ɱ˱ְ
ˣ˳Ŵɽ֮һ볹żҡ
ʳҲŶֱʡŶһ檣ԭˡǿʳģʳĸڡԴʳԺʳ벻öҪȥмǺޣŸŶͷ磬ʳ

Ҳ˵Ժԭһ֣۷׷ס˵պӸƣˡԺԲһҵģ

ڷҴӱ岮ռˣһ²޴ȥ

Һ͵ȫΪ뷽ߵýǾһ˵㶫ţŹ𻨣ǷҴڴżׯˡȻһٸž˵մȾ鷳ΪƲϵƵľͽӵ˵

ԭӲģʮǰǰǱӻģ;żһŮǳߴŸʮС󸹱ġʱҲɻҪ˲һǰһǳĸŮһûɹģضҾǾ͵͵ԼŮǳĺӸˡ
ô꣬Ź𻨣żҵţźܵáŽʿ֪Ź𻨻ֻԭ֮һΪԼŮۡ

֮˽Եһ˵ˢһȫˡ
񴺡
Ǹ̻ŮҲ¥ģҲ㸻ԣʮǰӸ׼֢ҵľ¥ѡӵﲻţŶӴͶɩ;棬·ʱǴŷһҲȷʵиеĸҲʱ

ʱתϵĻʱ鷢ص㣬ʱ䣬ˣӼһģһ

죬ðҵԼ㣬ô˵ʲô˼

Ź𻨣ӦѪסҲ꣬Ź𻨵һֻһҡݣżҲҲԸ㿴Ѫ׵ķϸһסɡ

Ӷ߶ºð죬һιȥ



¾ôɵ¶ʱɺ˶š

ټ棬˶Щ¡

ӵĳ֧ŹӻȥΨһˮʯҲѾְ졣ӺƱԸˣ˶ˡ

ӰǰסǼӣ£ûһš˸Ҳû̫Ӧ㶵Ĳ֪Щʲôǰȥɵ˵һ̣֪Լжĸо޴ľţţûʲô̫Եۿž͸ɥʧˮֵĿ̶֦һˡ
ʧȥ˻ȥĶûجج֪δǹ·ӿҲʹġۿɼһȦЩģȥýϴ

ϴֻҡͷ̾ķݣģԼ뿪

߾Ϳ˼Ĳ裬Ҳûˡ



Ϻżϰરવس麵̣ݵıӰҹɫΪһ塣

⼸ҲҵġǾûţԼҵӡգʱӶһĨᣬھۡ
˵һ㶼ġʱѾһˡһĺգھӪԱ߸Сݵϰ֡˿ۺﱧһ첼͸ۣǰ߻ص˾ô໥Źӡ

ʲôˣʲôû˵ҲûʡͿʮ͹ȥͻȻ߿Ͱ͵ĿѸãϺ˵ʲôζ

ڳ˼ҩ󻺹

ĳһգ˵˿ڣֱ˵Լ¡ϲʺֻҸĵطţҺͿ£ʳʵǶԲסţ񴺽㣬㣬Ҳ˼ʳţǷǵҩǮỹġ

Ҫ

˻žʲô˵ҲûʲôҪƽϵġ

ûֻܾһ˫۾ʰ˵µӱ˼ѼľҵӻšźôȥʰһӸסǿԵġ

ϺһĳĬţҹ硣

Ҳ˵ţߵӿڣϸشӵš΢ҹɫţϵĹԶԶ߶ϡ

ŻһĺӣǹЩѿԴһԲ



һߣʳ塣үǰŭ뿪üգû

ܹһǰһվ⡣
ܹ˱ֱվʳſڣ̧ͷһ޼ʵǿա΢ĹʳճӳӰܹɫãڳ֮⡣һĳ࣬ҹɫ֮£·һû˼
ǿޱȣûжۻࡣ

ãֹվ˶ãջߣתݡ

æһ죬˭Ҳû˵ϳԷܹصڣѾûˡһ˼ǰֱȥʱվںſڣƻɺ˲֪ʱֿʼæµˮ֮䣬һִһְдеӰһԵ̨ϵŨļζҡҷ֮£ƫٲҲóԷ

˰ŵ۽ޣӰɵıһϸߡ

ܹϵĮȻѩһ˲תЦš

Ҫջ𣿡

кôжΣһС׷ɿƿƿ޹˵ϣȻһˮ

գ۾͹ת͹һ롣ľݴһƬƮŨļζϸӰд󣬵ǻָ˼ƽ

˾żһ˳һߦ棬ΧСˡ

Ǿ仰κζģֻеʲġҪֻ֣ܽĻȨС뵽õķǿƲͨʳġȻ뷨δɣȷʵ

²סãҲʱٲһˡ

ʳſ£ͨ˵ʵû·һֱ𣬿ǰųڵպͲʳסÿʲôɫǵձоһͷһͷûȻҲ׬Щӣ϶һҡ

Ӷ³˿һ׬˰ʮ۳ɱ׬ԼʮûǮĻϣܹ˱£ˡ

ããȷʵ࣬ʳ۵ľǰţҲû취Ŀǰ˵˾ֻһȵʳ죬˲Ǹɡʱ򣬺װֳǵ̯ӾͿ̿ĸ󡣡

ܹڰŵĶ棬һ˫۾ƽ֪УƼݵСѾͷˮģһ˫۾ڰ׷峺ߵǳܹ֣Ѿͷϣ۾ǳһֳĹ⡣·𲻻ᱻʵ飬ô
ò˵˸ɶһϰԡܹûԼϰԣˡϲŰţҲϲвĹ⡣

ôҸʲôűͷƤ飬ͷҲЩ֣ôΣҪǮ

䲻һ仰ܹûЦ

Ƭ̣˵ͷǸҿȻȴ֮

ű˵û뵽ЦЦʳסжڼҪʲôǮҲûǻԼЦɴش룺

ܹ񣺡

˶һۣطһƪ̸İš

ʵ˵ԭʳһǵѡطȻܽӵһ̶ӣϾе⡣ԭûиûܴ͢µİ´⡣ǰû¶֮ǰԣһ±׶˾ֳ
ǰûǸ˵Ͻүҩ˵ºˣʳǻ𡣱𴦲֪鶼˻ǻỳɳʳȫϾ¹Լ˭Ҳҡ

ȥ𴦿ֵ꣬Ŀǰ˵еѡܹжƵģһۿŴģȲ˵˵ﱳ粻ף˵Ŀǰʮ׬ȥԭĵطֵܲĳɱбǮԭʳԤδ

ǲģʳǰŴĵһҵꡣȻ£˲Ѫ

ųǲһֱԭš

ʱˣܻ뿪

뽫ȥܹҲԶСϡ۾ϹһܹĵĹ̵Ͷ֮䶼ǹӵĹָļĹӡŻعȫԭûҵôˣⲻ϶ԼĲ²ûд

ܹ۽޸ϣĸӡ

Ƴһۣóһ顣ֽ̿һûı񡣴Сһȱ첲ȵֱעڷܹüͷԾ

飬ſһʾ壬ڣٿҷֵꡣ˰ȥзúӯ

ܹŬֽϵı񣬿ž˵ϡܹ⡣һ⣬ģıͦãȻ˼ޱȣÿָű֣ϸϸ
̧ͷһ񿴰ţ·Ĵǡ

ľ壬ʣʲôԵ

ܹݣȻһ䣺ôŬ׬ǮʲôԸҪɣ

һ㶣˶٣ȻץһͭǮġܹһöٿȥʱͭǮײһײܹ񡣼ܹɫɽһץͭǮһõܹĸǰ۾һ¡

ʣ𣿡

ܹ񣺡

ϲ𣿡һ¡

ܹ񣺡

һ걻еĸо𣿡ʣ¶ҡ

ܹ񣺡

׸𣿽л¢ϴʳҵ𣿡ŷɥĲʡ

ܹ񣺡

ǮʹĥǮʹĥƹ

ŷеͭǮתһִܹļϡ

ܹޱƳֻצӣ̧ͷ

ѾָϸϹŴƵ΢ЦҲˮ֪㻹бûóԺ͸ҸɰɡЩҵһ̶ȵ˽⣬һвɱûóȫóǿ϶ܿһ¾档ǶȻΪʳһԡҪҪԺ󶼸Ҹɣ

ܹ񣺡




44.  ʮ£ޣ   

ʱæӰ˵¶, ܹȥĸʹԺ󡣰ڳգ˶ȥ˺Ժ

ĸˣŮŵĿɨȥ, վǰͷһʮߵꡣ
һ˫ɫ۾, СƵ, ͷ, ӦѪͳԱߵվһŮ, еԼĪʮ꣬ŮĶʮ߰˵ӡ˶Ƕģе, ǽˡ̣ʶ֡ŮΪ, ǽݾĳһֳڵĳգ廨ԱһСѾͷԴηηģ

ϸƬ̣, ͷȥɻˡܹѡġ񶾵ú, ⼸ۡ
ŶԹⷽһ֪⣬ˡͷĿ⿴Сġ

أ

СıһɨʱЩȡǰػȻǸѪūԭáСǸĺӣû׵лһ档ͻ, ʮ꣬û֡

˵ŴŮǳ̬ʮĹﻹûҲеסſСģÿԺʢһ滨ǾͽСɡ

СѾͷ㶵ģĸһѲſĿİͰ͵ؿڵл

ˣȥɻɡ

ֺϺţʰʰԤȥһˡ
ؽĴѾõòˣӵ¶ϷûȥղˡؽõģǰŴġò˵ϵĶȷʵֱĹࡣǿŹʱգЩ»ǵôӳ顣

µʳЩ׶㹻ֳ

ţЩżȻ֪ǸڵḶ́ԭĿʵ̫СóӣֻάⲻѡҪ׬ǮԶ
ʵһҲסÿԭǰ̶Ӳᳬһ֧ÿ̶֧ʮ˵ʮ˲ȡ֮һ;ԭÿ಻ǧˡȥһε£̶ȫ겻ݵҲֻΡܹŲһǧ˴ҡ

ԭˣطһҲ˴ҡԭоżҹôסʳջֵĻʳֵܷǧ˴Ρ⻹ûͣԭĸʣǿ۳һ֣عƣﲻһǧ˴Ρ

Ȼʳסʲھ֣ڰ˵̫ˡ
ӵ˾ӡһֱΪֻҪԶͿԸǡڿûô򵥡һ׽˼գ׾٣ŲȷŮǲʲôƹ⻷ĶҪиʱŻû˸

ϱô

ʳñٿһ⣬һűؾҲѵ⡣˼ȥװʳһĴСԡۡ
ۣϱ˳ٶȿ졣۸ԶͣԭİҲѵ
ҪССԣܶСúãͷ¸ˡúõģֱӰСƷơ鲼ȫ׬貧˵ʵûŵͲῪʳǿˡϱӾüңڡ

¸֮ǰȰѵؽѵĻˡѾʳƣ־ĸԶԭͳİŷ㣬иҪ⡣óԵܷϵعҪ̸һ̸

ȥĶܹ񲻷һ߶ԭʢС

¶˳ڻأԱһˡ

ȻסŲԴߵˡ

ӭŰŵĿ⣬΢΢һߵü

ʽתԺ󣬰ŸϷﶬȫסԼܹһСܹոպþһ׳ۣµϣƤ׵͸һ˫۾۵׶̲ϸĹ⡣

ǣźȻһ¡ʱܹӰ롣

Ҳǲã᲻̫𤣿

ҪΪŮôźȻһ䡣

ܹһ㶣ĿںƱʲôһ£¶ס

վڰŵǰϣ΢΢ƽֱˡ·Ĺ۵ף΢΢˱۾ѻƵ۽¥²βĹӰüͷŰţƺɻƺЩգúܹŹ֡

Ҳ֪ҴΪ˸ȢϱǲЩʱ˵ףӾˣҪĬϵġֲǹŴŮӣ˵Ƚֱӡ

ڵնľ棬ʱЩ˵ڡ

ǣֲ֪˵Щʲô

ԴѵüΪѣЩ졣ʵҲܲµûи˵ûܹвһĿϾ۾Ϲܹһǳ壬ҹӸ
ݵӻڼʻȢŵԵĹŮܹһʼ˼ҲǶΣҲϽˡܹ˵岻ã⻰ŴǲŵġϾÿǰΣҲ 

ˣ㰲Űɡżʮꡣ˵ڹŴ쵽ǵͣڰſǸСŮȵ𣬡Ӱˣ˵

ᣬܹشնҲȢˡ

˵ˣֻǰԼǵͷͺá

ܹ񣺡



ЯԱңſںЩҡ
ҵʹ㣬ҲԱʲô⣬оһҪ׬Ǯöࡣ˭ǴִŵģŶҪ

˵ҴҲЩûȥʳ÷պ޲һ;סʳˣͻȻЩʱûܲ˵ôղϵ̲ҲûȡŵʲôˡŽҲʡ

ŵǵ˵ķӻҴӣžͰסˡ
ŰŽԺһ·ȥǶ̾

ʣ̧ͷͿһֻӲԶӡ
˵ʱվ÷٣ŵ˲֪ٴοޡͷɣԵĸˣøĴ󷿡Ϊ¶˽ѾʱָİŵʦⲻһŽæͷ¼ӭ

ƹôʱûźʦ̬װװϵġ

ЦЦֿˡ

ÿˡʵҲãڰ׼ʳʱǴ˼κӲҪôˣҪĻǾûеġӲǮջΪǸˡ

˲ֵǮ㲦ѧǹһӵġ

ҲΣе˾˾˵ʲôáκζһ޶ֻܺƤá

˵Żͷ˳꣬ʹ˹˵һǡҸӹȥ

ãԼȡ

ȻҪǮȴİõáǿ٣Ӽ̳˲¡سǣһˣǿɾͲǼӵˣҲ֪ʲôʣʲô

ƹ⼦ʲôãӶʱ˷ˡ

ÿ˵Ŀζ

⼦Ҫ̵͵ģӰ㲻ܻ䣬Ҳ֪һڹζġұһ£ܾ˵ζ

ɡʵҲͦϲ˵ġĲ˵ڳϣǫѧʵڡȻûͽͣϱҲûչͽܡûŬֳϿҵˡԾԼ˵ʳײԴһҲԡ

ʲôзû˵

һֵطзûʲôѣҪҶҲǺֽоŲⶫ֪ûСֲһϷ࣬ԭشƫԶҲ֪ûСûУˣҲܾݴҲԣζһЩ

ҪǴн⣬ֻ͹ˡָȰѼС飬ϴɾⶫϴ飬ϴ֮󻹵ˮȻЩȡʮ䣬Ҳеøɸɾ

ˮ֮ɣнᣬƬƬϾٲˣԡԳζŰѼ鵹ȥҲԳԳɫƣ׾ƺͽ͡ŵĿζϲӵǡǼӽȥʣҲɫҴ̺һ̣ǿٷŵǡ

ҲǸˣŴһ˵

ֻϣζѾˮӿԼһζĳʳ޲õаʦŴ˴ǽú̸̸һ¾̾

Ƿʲô𣿡·һŰŵܹͻȻ֮俪˿ڡ

̧һܹ񡣰ƹ๫ٴζûۡҡҡͷ̾˿ü֢ˡϾ͵Ů뾩ӣ¶Ҫ

ŵû뵽ԭ
ǹϲģŻЩģʲô֢ɿ򣿡

ʲôҪļ֢ǣǡ
̾ϢһͻȻðһŧúõһٵûۿ

ۣһġӰ̶̾켱ˣ·ǰͷô׼žˤͷ

ŶͷĺĬĬðôò̲ȶǱഺɣ




45.  ʮ£ޣ   ˫һ

Ȼûۿ, ǵðŸоĪ顣

Ӳվһȥסˡ 

ȥӵס˴Ǽ̳, ݺͷĿյҲСʮ̳ӡذӺ, ǽšһһôôࣿ

˲ֵǮ, пһǮ˽ðŵʦТ, ʲô

ǽ, ǴͳõƷֲ֡һֲԭֲĶͷľǽ˺ͰײˡⶫȥһǮȷʵǲֵǮ˲һ򵥵Ĺ̡Ҫϴ, ҪɹеĹҪ˵ľġ˵ͷһεöʮ, ΰͻǮ
ȻҲǻѶٳɱ⣬ֻ˭ҵĶǰõġ
ſԵؽ̳ᣬĥŸȥӺúһ¡˿ԣǵøǮǮˣҲ˳

Ī, Щȸᵽͷȥ

һһƮС, ϶᲻๫Ҳݣ˵Ǹӡôص̳ӾͲǶ֣һȫˣţͷ

ߵ÷ɿ죬Ŵ̳Ӿ͵ŵߡ

ȵȣŸ첻ϣѾһ̳ͷԭΪͷûճžͿһڡӸŅ̳̀ţϷţ

ҽе, ܹ֪ʱʳæû򣬹ҪἸ̳ȥ

ɶʱеģ

ܹƳһۣ޹֮ǰ

ţŶ

һˣ˲ʮ̳ˡ̳ͳԵģӸǰͷҪһŵģͰںͷ˰ãűŸһǮ¶һȥӸµҪʲôƵıܿˡ˵Լͷ¶תͷˡ

ţ

£ҸϷһӡܹóȽ͵ʳתͷŵüͷʱݶƼ

ţ

˸жƵģҪûʲô˼Ȼǿ˵۾

鹩¶Ǿͳս뵽ʳ̸ܹȻû⣬ЩһͨͨʾưڵλҲ¡

ͷ˵ĺܶԣ

ţܹͷ

ܱܲϲ˼

ܹЦ㲻˵Ҹɣ

ҲµôԺ;׼ëըˣȫĸоǡ

ܹϸЦ⣬ͷҾ

ţ

ѾȥʳĥżȻһˣôҲȥ¹ǲ̲Զ౬ഺʳĴˡȺСò֪ʳ׶ӪҵȻǴĵ׵Ĺ

ȻȥɡഺȵҩӦòΣȥ

ܹϾȥδĹңȷʵʣû

ٲðʱɡ

ͷһ

ӣ͸ȥס

ԺӾǰͷ߲һ͵ˡŵʱͷĵģȥ˸Ƭ̣һСѾŰŽȥ
ȷʵǶֺ׵رЩѾðͷʵ˵ȷʵеءʱڴߣĿһɥڿӡԲӻţҲۿɼԲһȦŵĺеðȻǣ顣

ˣţ۾һ

ĿͣƬ̣Ȼû˵ľɥŰŵĸ첲ߺģǰһ˯Ͼðˡʱ࣬Ͷͷһ顣չȥǡܼˣˣ

ƳһϵĴӣ˲ʧ˶٣ʣ𣿡

˵û¶һƨϣץǸӷ߷ߵؿһڣ˵˻ʢƣЩʱԼˡҩӡ

Ŷţ󣿡

ʮġ

ڵഺⶫܶ˶Եãһ㲻ϡ档ſؿӣʵ˵ôѹͱˡۿôһûһͱеøɸɾߵĻʵʵȥûȰɿڣ

ֵｩһ£ر

С

СϵĶͳˡ

ҾͳһءԴͷɥġ
ǲóԵҲ̫ѹˡΪⶫѾöûȥʳˡ̲ȲţԲĸ׻ķһ嵭ͣ˼ûûζĳʳоԼҪȥˡ

֪ഺڳʱ˶ܳԡԼҲһһ档˵ҪȥǲѡġȲ˵ܲѡϣƤ¶·ǵ˶ṷۿ˵͡ȻŲȷ˻᲻Ӿݵ߲ȵ֮ͣˡ

Ҿ㣬֪û¾ͺáഺǴ⣬ϱҲഺ겻󣬷˰ԼˡҲû̡

ʳﻹ£ˡ

ﱻڼü죬ѵ˸˿۰Ͱ͵ؿŰţˣ

ţŶСͦкøеģˣٸʵĳʳ

˰һŵЦѾͣŰŵĸ첲ȥԺ⡣˸ߵſڣӭͷײһʮСС겻󣬵Ǹӡ۾ˮʪģһ۷·ܿĿ

Ƽ˳ŵŵؾܹ㣬Ժˣ

･ϲõЦֵصͷСԴһѣҲû˵ʲôšôˣ

˵ٹ£سǾҪˡС˵ģҪǲǶ͵Զ

صıһɴطϣôܣģзִ硣

ŶСƳš

͵飬̧ͷͱŴ˸šһ飬ٵͷ˵˵ȥ˵ȻŵŵؾԶˡ
ԶˣЦݣŰżߡ

ҼãͦԵġ
˵ŻƳŵ飬Цһôÿҵȴȥѡ𣿡

ҲûôãЩ졣

ҵ˵ˣ˳ƯҲûãи۵ҡֻ۾ҲסĲú飬ҾǴ󸻴

űЦˣͷǣ˵öԡ

ͳԺӣžûˡ·ϵãߺ߾ˡŪٿҲЩ˼ˡҲûܾŤͷȥˡ
˳ԭ·ԺӸšҲû˵䣬žͳҡˣҲ֪ô£ͻȻ˴ꡣҲԶܼ˭֪߼۾Ϳӿһܹһɡֱվǡ

ųɡ߹

һֻͷüѵһֱţ

Ҳһֱţȥţˣ˰ɡۻ
ϹӶ࣬רŹո˺ӡϴﶪӣÿ궼ôءǸģѾãѩ׵Ƥݰۡһ߶ĻٲûᱻӶϡ⣬֪Ƿ̫Сܹܾð߻Щˡ
ֻĸоûʵץ˭ҲøŻ򷽼˵

ʱɡٵͷ߰ɡ

аȡűȥпô̯ˡߵÿ죬ɿػصʳҲȷʵǴɣյԺŻûüϵˮԺűõð졣

С涥Ѿȥţſһ꺺ӡ
һ̴򣬴ŲЬѵϥǺؿڶ˲ͻȻĴûɡܵøƵġվſڲҽ߶µʣʳ𣿶𣿡

ŸպȣС˴

꺺ԥؿ󻹸Ƥꡣ˶꣬վϵˮգ۵Ĺ͵ʪһ̲Ь϶Ǻͣһ·ȽĶӡ۾ҿվЩȡۿһŮƵĹ߹Ƶİͷȥ

ô£СȥǼý˲

꺺ϵѿڣڣˣҴ¿ҶӺڵͲľҵġЩӲľˣ֪ʳղղˣ

ע⵽ĺſڰźü򡣱ⵣ棬ۿ⸸С¶͡ô¡շϺÿ»߼춼ºһʳġܲһص㡣Ҫʵģºȥץġ
عӵ¶÷ϺΪչ˷ӣ˺Щûȥɲиżˡ꺺ӵ˺üղˣŹŶʡ

³ЩӣʳõʳĶȥл߲пġȲ˵ʣȷʵȷϺȥ١

յģȻյġûûˣǾţҵĿʲô

һ䣬ȵĸ۾
վڸƤСͷˢ̧һɤźܴ㣬㣬ͷ㣬һЩʱůˣˮҲϺ֪ҪҪϺץһ¨ӣ

ϺҲϲˣȥơ

ͷ껹£˿ģȥ꺺æڰ֣кԼӣؽǴ

ŵϣ˵һ졣ɼ

ſŶģСһٽ˰ɣҴԶȷҴ廹ԶһɽȻôˣ߹ȥǺƤСӴӺͷȡһС¨ӣ򿪣ͷȫǺϺģϺĸͷСϺƹҪ𣿡

ҪûϺˣһӦ£ʮһ

ģϺƤСӾ綼ֶ˳Ըʣʳ϶աҪһ¨ӵ

ЦУʮǮһ˵𣿡

У˵ƤСӾϲ꺺Ҳʵһղľٽŵøġһ¨Ϻʮġ꺺ӸϽ¨ȡͷҲһ¨߰˽ƹĲţóƳһ¾ǡ

ȻҪóƵģϾóԣʱҲѾüǱ꺺ӽƿЩõİײܲ

ҹʵľ⸸ˡЩ˼ûȵľȥգĥҪҪֵЩѹ˼ղ˵ˡԿҲ࣬һ㣬Ｘɽºӵĺӣ˲١

ҵǸʲôۣ֪ܳɱ̫ۡ

ײܲǮǮһǰٲ¨ӸʮġҪĶ࣬ľҲǵȿ˵ӣ͸˼۸񡣱Ǯһļ۸ġһҲһǮһǮһ

ŵͷѾʳƲˣɱҲԸЩһ㡣ôǮԣʳҲȱ㣺ҸǰײܲǮһʮһҼǱ¶ˣղȥգպ˸͵ʳ

Щӹÿֵ࣬鷳ҲǸǮģһһζʮġ

᲻öڼðʳţû뵽öˡ۸ˣԼ˹Ǯ˾ϲضҪƹƣлƹģ

ҲǷϺϾʹˡڰ֣ЦĲҾȫҪˣУʳ͡һ㡣

Ҳ̫ģǿ뱣֤˺ϺʵģǱҷ˻ˡĶһɲá

ȻȻͷϲԽ

ſһС棬СϽ

˸ǽһ¡Žˣתͻӡ

ˣ˾Ц졣Сıģĵһûܡһû٣׬ǮõǮǧлس˺Ժ

Żѳ͸óˡ⼸ʳݵ꣬ǰǱ߻ɡԤһСʳĴڲ˵ģҪ׬Ǯ͵õϡǰõǱҪٵʮ졣ЩʱգŸܹʳģ͵ûشһˡ

Ǳûбˣ²ܽڲٰ죬İһѡܹæǱ¶źȥ֡
ʱѾС浹ľˮϵϺĥ峴Ϻʳԡ

ͳϺȻԼҳԡһͳԲʣµҲԳϺ뵽ϺſˮҪϺʲôˣǰСʱүүԵġСʱϲϺͷװͷĨһϺóԵòˡ

ȥпڿ̿ɻ⡣ʹӣ¶ͲذΪˡȥЩĿǰöūһְݰʵģݵĶһ⡣һЩɣһġʮ͹ˡ

Ӧһūһͳȥ

ӡүүϺõľǴʵ⣬±ɣлƶ㹽Ͷ罷ܷЩ㹽һ𣬳·ûж罷Ҳ£ֻûζӵ㽴ͣʣǳóԵϺ

ǱȥϺĶŴСʰ

磬Ρ

ڰźԺæǰôö߽һˡշŭȥүӴҡڵߵߣüͷһڲҵĿʣǰʲôɣЩ˻ҵꣿ

ͻȻŶˣ̧ͷүôˣ

Ѿͷ˵ʲôүӶʱͲˣüͷϸߣϷû˷أڶ¥͸Ͽˣ

ûͺáϤĿϤүӡ

һģһˡϸüۣͦһһȣһ磺ʦκʳ֢ʳ

ĿʳתһȦһЦסͦСġ




46.  ʮ£ޣ   ˫һ

үӰתͷͿӱ޵ظϻ
ع, ֹһˡسǴЩʹӸүһʳݵ꣬ȫʳͷšүӵȲǰٺãͺصҡ

س, ǲʳ, Щ˸Ƶĸǰ, ̫ˡǳʳ, ǲڡүȥһس, ̶̰²һȦòױιֵ˲١ʱڰ߿ʰһ˵һߺһһ̵ġ

һؿүӾƨɶµĲŶ, Ŵʱڰǰֹǰʦʦ

үӸƨƵĸŰţʲô㣿ǳӣ

˵, Ŵ˲㣬˵ǳ׵òֶҲֻӹÿ˲ŻԡүײȺ飬ʶ㣬ȴҲʶĶʱüͷһѼؿƶȡඪһߣ̲סġ

˸ʾ, ֶƤҺġϴʱ, ȰҺϴɾ

һͻˡһѼɱñȰŻ졣

үӵüͷøˣǺģһʲôʵͯӾû¹ũũѧ飬ȷʵûⶫܳ𣿡

Ȼ

ⶫ費ġ

գգ۾̧

үһ˾ջΪ

Ҳ࣬ͱˡŬڹŴʲôκΰƫƼΪصˣܵȫ˺ʳ״ϡֳһȥѧϰ, ǿ˸ıƲäүʣһʱ벻ڹ

үӱЩġ˾ԽøʲôԽʲôŻô˵ˣԡ

Уʳʳô

ⶫ㲻ԣҲ˷ѡ

үһЦڲԣŻһߵشͳһӾʯϡһ壬ֱ׳ҪϷһ

¨һ߽༸ŵĴһ롣ʳ˰ܹĿˣͲԡүһҪһ˶֡

ǲˡүôһŪһ¨ӵһ;͵Ūꡣ

ʱҶŷҲӹ˱үӴƤҲˣҡڵؽүӶϣҲŲ￴

ѧ𾪵ؿˡү߾õģ˭֪Ҷŷ˵Ƣŷ壬óүӣ˭ʱȻŲ˼￴һܺģò˵һꡣ

үӶϵãȻ͸ϵáͣʦͽ˶԰ŵĳһֽäĿΣҶһЦƹĸɴʣµĶ˰ɣ۸Ҳʡ

ȻƳʯֶһӡ

氮

аɣֽŸɴͶŪһ¨ӵȫˡ

öҲ˰ҪͶɣСϺҲó
Ϻʰ׶ˣϺͷСƴϺҪϺֻҪɾͷβͣѾˡʱ򱱷Ϻ٣Сǲʰ۰Ͱ͵ؿŰЩϺܳͽҲˡ

ϺүϵãͷϺҲ١үĥⶫˮĳӣҲ٣пǶܺó

òóҪôŷ⣬ϸҪǡôͷһС͡öȥؽѽȥһ޻ƶóԼۻȥѳ

ʱѾͣˣһζζ
ųѾʰɾˡһһذȥһۣЩгɶΣָôСЩҲϴɾһУгָ׸ǴСⶡҸ̨ߵϰ±һС

ģھ֮ǰͷϵĻǫ̛ϵĻȷӻذô˵ɵǡô

ŻȥǰãȻүӴЩ˻ͷš
ܹ֪æʲôȥˣڴáųʱվͷøƵӭһдԼʮˡкü

סꣿȻס꣬أĶȥ

ǹµͷæŽһ¡

ǵ˼Ȼǰꡣ͸سǵʱһסΪ׼ſ˵ͱŸܾˣ˼ʳǳʳ⡣סޣҪĿ˴ķӶ⣬еġ

µüͷ˼үڣ˵ƹģģǰµǲһǮġүҲáܲ˳ִ

ٳϷҲסˣõһ͸û˵ͱϡ

үӴӺԺ˫ֱվŵĹ̨ϡ
ȥĶ˰ǻ޲õԵʡӲãⲻ˱ꡣֵĶѾסˣûôི˵ƾŵգʳжүǶǿģţعǡжٿӸǰžˣϷסãѵϷ򻹽󣿡

⻰һ˵ЩʹӲ㵱Źȥ

ϥһͱүӸˣԴһҶ

үӵĻžͰӰšүȻס¥ϱߵǸ᷿ҶŷһһҵүࡣǸѹסһ䣬¥һ䣬ļռˣʣšʣµ˾ס¥µĴ̡ͨ

ŲЩʲôݣʣӵ˵ЩԼѡ񣬡¥µĴͨһ˯ˡ

˶źүӵʹӡǰƷ٣ھǣȥĶסĶϷ⣬˭ҸүӶס¥ϵ᷿ʮʵʵӰš

ż״ͷôš

Լ٣үӺһţⶼʱˡ

ףǶˡ

С·ԼۻغһѾʰˣҲϸˮ±ϡ±һζ±̫á
СܹĻջ𣬰žȺ

ˮˮտȰϴɾһˮˮ̫΢΢׾Ȼˮˮϴһ飬ζٲ١ȣ˽Ǵϱ㡣˵ЩζĶٲġûֻܽ͡

һ㣬ζͳүһ˽ζղθ䶯ˡһһߴյȥŸҲߡ

ô죬үӵΪѾ֮˵ĹˢǵۡûôضԴүӣ¶һЩ߰ʹӣŵ񶼱ˡӾ㤵⣬ǴʱԴŵ̬ȶЩϻ̳Ͽ֡

ŵûʲô仯ææˣйܿЩʲô

꽴ûУʱõĻƶ⽴ǷԼģζ
ζӹһ¡ǿ涹꽴ټʢһߵȥαƤ΢΢ǹӽζүӿˮҪһСǲǾܳԣͼһƮˮȥ
һζͱסˡ
ŵֶ÷ɿ죬һӷɿͷϾƣΣ͵ȵϣȻСξһҳˣһ֣յĲ롣

߹ˡүһߵСϾͿʼӡ

ˣүƢθðġ
ȻүƢθõ̶ֳȣʮһҲµóͷûôԺáŸɴȥŪ˱̲

̲ọ̃ÿϻʳ̡ﱬԺû̲裬̲˲¶ÿձűֱӸһ̣뵽үȲȥŻ̲衣

֪ԲʳûûΪʳһС档

үӺˣҶŷҲЩ۰Ͱ͵ŰţſһŪһ̲衣ɲүӣƢθԲòˮ˹̲¿˼ġһȥι̾һ

ҲǴܼҲĴҴ޼ҼĵӡĬĬؿʦһһװ׵ĶСϣ˿ǵĺ

ʦ

үƤӶû̧һ¡ʵϣһʳʱȹһءʱûζ̲ͱ˸ߡóʳ߾ͶߣҲû⡣غȵůθź֪ؾÿ

ʵ˵ⶫһغȲһúáһںȿ϶йζģڶЩӦҲǽܲ˵ģȶٿڶòáʱүǰģһںȥüͷȼԺȻЩúȣЩ񫡣

ⶫôģүüͷչ

æ͵һۣأ˼Ҫѧ

Ѿͷܲܺú˵үⱲӾôһϰ׵Ѿͷſھ֪СѾͷƬҪڸԺͷ׼Լ

űЦˣ̣˵衣Ƣθã̷ŵö࣬Ƚ١

үҲʣŶҲסԵͷֵֹһ䣺ֺúȵġ

һۿ˼үӳԶиõϰߣԵʲôóԵľһسԣԵ岻֡ǵóԹϰ߾ͺƫʳ뵽үݵƤͷģʱ־һˣԵСˡ

үŹƮζźط룺ⶫ»ٸϷ

̱̲ӵģƢθҲܺȡû˵ò֭֭࣬ˮյĲ࣬ȥ

ηĲ࣬ʢһлȥζü˫۾

ǻݣԣүǰ᷿㵥ܹˣʹźҶŷںܹһԡ⣬ŸպҲǸûˣزͬˣǱ߻ʮʹء

үƳһѾûڵĴһȥ᷿ɡ



ʵƸáү״㣬ȾƾͱˡҶŷ嵹ǿԺһơؽﻹ˼̳׾ƣҪá

۾ƳүӣүӺӶ

ûȳɣŸʢǵС̷֮ǰƮǲⶫǳθŸ˿ζ˵һŨŨζҲܺúȡ

үӾԼʳʲôƶĳʳԹˣҲˡ

ȵպãܹЯһͷͷײʲôˡɫʮֲÿġվ̻еİţü֮еıѩůһۿ̨ͷרŵССһ¾վ

Сȥˡܹգÿ֡

С治֪ΪܹµƵĴܳ

ôˣżܹɫԡ

ܹĿ͸̨ķ϶䵽ŵϡ϶Ѿˡͷ·ȥ˾µӼ־¡һ˫峺ˮһ۸ɾ覴ãµ٣ںڵͷһжʾ򵥡

ţǵʲôˣ

һ㶣ɫôʲô𣿡

ǡֻץʳͷƵСܹϵ˵һ˳һ˲õϢ֪ȻһֱжţͼὫҤȥһҪŪ

ûˣ뵽ԭԭȴи鷳ںͷġ
˵ǳޣʵҲ㡣ʰɣҲ׼ȷֻһֶ⣬û취ش𡣲ʱⱾŮԶھǣѮ¸µѮҪ·ףûʱЩСֶΡ˰⣬ǾֻԶڽϵΪŮΪŮԭԳ硣

˸˼£ҡҡͷ

ԭΪҵĴ⼸նĲһ£ҶġܹĿ⾲Űţ̾˿ȥ꿪ʼ߸һЩĿĲС֮˲ֻ֡ȥĶ˸ţһֱûץ䵥ʱ򡭡

ܹ񻰶û˵꣬žһ亹

Ī£ܹңذѾץˡ˶ںͷĲ񷿡һȺСɲʲô򡣡

ŵСԼ߾һֱŲ֮ˣ

ָоײ̫ͻȻҲ̫ëȻˡͻȻ뵽ԭ飬ԭԭԴӱԭһֱշתԺӳһԺתͷһ꣬ο͵.֮¡Ȼµûô򵥣֤ʵ²⣬ֲԾض

Щûţǲǡ̲ס£ҪǲǾпܱ˵֣

ͷ亹һһðŵˡ

ûĪ¡ܹߵߣץˣ˺㡣ţҪ롣

ⲻǶ⣬ԭй飡

죬ֹ

ܹ˰죬ֲԾش˰ŵļϡʳԺࡣֲ񵱳ʱǰȵģЩ˺ָʹﻹЩ£ҶŪġ

СҲɥ̫ˣȷʵ飺㲻£ûƤӵ¶ġ

űǼŵһζ̫ܹϴʵֻһʱĺ£ֲڰնͻȻקǰϱйĸо˶١Ѿ̧ͷŷ֣ԼͿ챻ܹȦ

֪ΪΣعͿЦеվںſڡԲأŵĿͻȻϡһЦ·ʶȤһת뿪

һһվȡȡ

Ѿˡ

ţ

ܹͻȻĶŪһ㶣֪ղЩܡȶȴӶĨű㬵ػ̨á

˸¶С£Ҫܹ񿴵ýָͻعԭˡ
ٽүǱߵĲ룬пȥղţȻҲһ¡ӦһЩʳʹ´ࡣ

ʰһ飬ܹһȥ񷿡

˭˶أԸ˾ôԭǸδСô걻ŮѹЩաʶ˲࣬Ȼ١ʵҲȷ˭ôݡȥ񷿣ſǼ˱ģĿǵ̿ͻȻɢˣģ

ܹգգۣš

㲻ǡ

ӻָĲ

ĿһȺɧһȦȻһһ¡Ϊʶһۣ˾վӱϡ˹ݵöүӡϵáǵʱȰ¥ҡ

ŶܹƮƮ·һƬëƮ䣬ĪһɱȰ㣿

ŵͷš

Ӿһһɧζڿ

ţ

£ܹסһֻ񷿣Ȼվڲſڴ΢΢һЦȻȥţЩ¶

Ȼ֨ѽһŵع˲񷿵š




47.  ʮ£ޣ   ܹŮνġ

֪ܹôǸ̸, Ժ󣬽϶ʹҴ뿪ʳ
Ƴ˺üۣûŽȥ˵֪˭ڱƻź糾, ܹǼѲϵܹ, ְһˡĵرƽ, Ƴ˲ϳʱײ

ǳϰŵ۾˲Ͱͷȥ, ںĺס

۾һ, 뵽ˡ

û취˶ԶǼǳȻֻǾһƳ˲ƵǺرסˡż, ʣ˭Ӻδץ

ܹһ񣬶קǸ˾ȥ

, ǣŰȥһߣ˵Ǹ˷ӹģ˵ʹǲǣʶô

ҡҡͷزѣĲʶˡ

˹Ǿʿ˵һھǹٻ

뵽ﾪһƳĺ촽, ʯµʲôʿ

š

ţּڽ, ھǣǰ

磿Ǹдϻ۷ǳȴԭŮ֮⣬֮еӦ

˼

ܹﵹϸ𾩳հ˼

հĹԱ࣬ҲмܼļûСܼȻƷϵ˼ҡ˵ҲһЩƶʿҪôо֮Ҫô㹻ѧʶ˲Ʒѧʶ, Ʋܹǰ
һʱģܹ²ſܻĸ塣

˵ܼң˾Ĵ֮סǻ׹ݣȴǻ嶼ǵ塣
иҵһţ붼ҪŶٶ꣬Ҫȴ뽨ʱջҪʣҶһܼҸ˽⾩ǣ˽
ڲ࣬ϵ
ܹ񣬻˵ٴһѾõ㡣ٴΪһμ̵ܸʷͬһ㡣žޣܼһٶʮһΪҲˡȻӢţ֮㡣սŹ֮⣬ʬ嶼ûС

Ų֪ܹȴ֪ٴϾٴΪһˣͷβᴩС˵ٴ԰˼İ¹ɰݣα·ٴȣδζȻˡ

ͳү̫֪Ĵ̸ڣǶҡͳβŷµȨΪ˰ܼҶµϮоλܼȦһ˽



˶ץ𣿡

ܹҡҡͷδжۣ˵

ȥһĹץ˴ѾǶ졣ϸٵһʱԺæΪ˵ܹһ˶û÷

˼Ƭ̣ʳµ˵ȻȻСûиãץʣ㲻㶯˽̣

㡣

ʱʵѾͷĿղŻһɪɪģգۼͺˡ

ȥ١

Ҳģܹط˵Ŀ޷͵Ļ㲻ضǡ

ţУעִˡ

ǲܴģзִ硣ֻЩʹȴЩġϾȻɺޣƹ֮㶢Űŵ˲ҪõġûûؽЩ˴ֻ϶û֤ݣȡ֡

ȥæɡܹͷתȥ񷿡

ŶıӰãӺףСϽس¡

ôһүǱʮѾϷˡүʦͽ˼ϴǵһس㡣Թŵգʱ¿ʮۿүʦͽ¿ٶȾˣҲԥؼһ飬۵ⱻͷ¾ˡ
ûһ˿Ϊζͷͷʵòˣ

Ȼ㻹ζ·𱻴Ĵţ۾Ź⣬ȷʵƣϧˣ

⻰û˵꣬Ǳү׺ݵĿɹ

񣺡ˣүƢθãơ

ĬĬر죬¼ӿٶȡΧӣһ̵˸⡣ҶһߺڸпģѿӦ˰ƹǾ仰ԽʳζԽⶫʵ̵ͷɽҰĳʳмֽͷ

ŷ˵ⶫץģɽҰġһֱģʽĴ׷Ŵ׷һͳԵͳŶ³˾ûˣæ

̺ΣмүհԵس˴õһӣС潫̵һںȥˬû߶

Ҫ˵պáүȥسǰ£վϡ򷢡ĲɫŨζ˱ǶûүӸˡ

ҶҲһ̵Ŀů󣺡ƹվȥǣҲǾˡ



ҲȥǣⲻǾ״

ʱϺһԿӽ±õĶȫõһϴɾɸɡǹζһСͷӶԲˡ

ϺͨĶҲУžϲζ±ɡ±Ķζڻƶк͵һЩʿڵζŴмʮ鱥±֭ĶõһߣָһǰЩʱ⡣۾档

ûҪǾ;úóԡ

ܹѺõؽһԺ¹ڳػص׵ĳ°մ˵ɺ졣˹ϴɾմѪָʰţջ𣿡

˵ֻܶ࣬Ҿкüֲͬ棬棬档ûǵȹؾص棬ͷеĲһʿڵӡ

ĻͽǰԼ档

ƽʳ̫æ˲ϳʱܹԸһ쵽ԱûˮҲ˲ڹóÿԳԡ

߽±ɺݺõ㹽һУȫгָ׸ǴСĶǱܹ񽫹һưͽȥͿʼӡͷûУֻܴн⻨۵ֽŷɿ죬һȣʳһһ½ȥըһ顣

ʳĶ̳ȻԵʱڸв

ʳĶŪʢȱ㣬ٽЩصһһܽʳĵζ̼ζСĶҪˮˡӿúܣɫټˮơƵζ࣬ٵˮȥ֭յ̫ɣһ֭ˮϡ

ֽҲ죬ӳǱҲˡ

Ÿʳô򷹵ĴƵģǱ̳ŵСһӽȥͽ˶˳ȥԡ棬˳Եö࣬Ͷµ档߷ӣֽźܿ죬ܿͼװá

Ȼ򵥣ζȷʵĺáⶡʮ

һΧһһȥҸöҪðݡ
С棬ԼƹһӵĴˡôûгԹôóԵĶǰڼңǰְܳԹ˲ֵܵһ뱥ѾǶ졣ֺöʹûմڡ

һˢϴһ߸˵úߺߣ״̲סЦôˣ

Ȼ

Ҳ̾ǰǶߴˡ

Ų֪ʹ룬ʱһȥ

ôˣſֹģʵ

ʵҲûʲôæһֱûע⡣ôŵôþûϴ²ʱȷʵǲȣʱһͣ£ֹҲǳеġЩ⣬־¶˵ãŵŮңƤ

һ޵ʣŰôãиоﲻʣ

ûУæöҪͷˣȷʵû⵽⣬ڰ֣ӽĺܡ



ǰЦĸ㣬һٳԵñӻࣿ

һ룬ҲǡܳԣӾͲ̫ͻСûʱ




48.  ʮ£ޣ   ʳ׸ҡ

˵껰, žȥˡ

ɣүߵȺ÷үӣ˿ճʳ, ҲүߵĹ, СҲ, Ҫһ档滹ʣ, ͸һ롣

¸үҲǳԱɽ亣ζ, ѵΪһ򵥵еޡ˼ȥ̲ס̧źüۣĵ, ֲүӼؾҪʺС򡣾գǶһҵʲô棿ͷû

һ, ŵסˣͷûģ

үһ·ӱϵ¥µСʳĳԹ١ȷʵûԹо¥ʳ棬棬˿棬ȴû˵ġζѰʳһͷʲô⣿һѬζ

ͷŵǸⶡѬ, ǰŸɹһõĴȻ, ѬζҲǲġ

µĻˣָۻЩ
ͷСԴϾҪɺãԭۡʵ߰յĿζƫƫ̿ڣһЩȻóԣԵһͼһˬӰûУֻ, ƴ档

ûۣǷȱۡ

ҪȻͻ棬ͷµĶгļ˶¿̧ͷ

ʲô£ǰͷüͷʱ

Сʰ꣬ؾܹȥ

Ƭ̺ܻſھ͵ƹģͷи˷˵Ҫ㡣˵ʳݵҲסһ˰ʳſھôˡ

Ǻˣ

СҡҡͷǳˣͷǸˣס



ʳＷʮˣϽǱϻɵĹŶҵɫЩ̡̻öÿðĹǮַЩʳȻȥ

һߣÿſŵĲ֪֮ͣǡ

Ⱥ˲֪ӺδŹʡΪ׵һˡ
վ߸׳׳Ƶģ϶Ǻ⡣ȷʵôơĿǿܹ䲻رܹһ¡תͷֿˡ䵽ϣֲĿ⼸ת䵽˷Ϻĵϣһֲ̫ȷĿʣʳĴ

ǡϺһæָŰţҶϱǡ

ͻȻҲνֻͷԣʳĴ֪кιɣ

ʮֲ죬û뵽ʳĴȻôᡣ
׼һӵĺݻʱŰһ۵Щ˵һǺ죺Ǵƭң㼸꣬ʮô

üͷҾǴлֱ˵

ŵĻһҭ׳˶٣䰲úϾ¥ĺ참ʦ˶ʦ

ʦӣߵǰ̶˵ԭðһո߳ĺ참ʦԭʳԹһᡣ

üͷ

֪Ŷ㱻Ⱥһѣû뵽Դôסר참ģ˺ӣԼҳΪ˭˵ģ˰ɡ

ö˵һĻôŪСòˣҸұȰɣ

⻰˵ģ˵ž治֪ʱΧһڿͶⲻǷϻôһʮʦһʮСԣӮҲʤ֮䡣

ȻһǶϵˡ¸Ĵе˵ɻ䣬ʦˡ֮ǰҲû뵽ʳĴǸСﰡ˵˲֪ġѾܵԭ޹ǲܡ

ȲȣӲͷƤս

ŵûϱӴʮ꿪ʼμӹĴССĳմ֪ϱӸЩ˼ұҲûκαԶͼͼ¶ɲɣǿԣвͷûкô¶ɣ

Ȼвͷģ˱ƴܲó㶫ˣʹҽһӼʳ

ţţ

˵סΧһȺ˶۾

ǣʦδҲ̫ˣӮ˵ĲͷȺӣǿǿҹʲô𣿰űֱ׳Ľ֣ʦ˵ЦˣջȲͷϴֵĳһӻǮˣ

ȻӦүǾֹ˾һ仰

㣡ƵʦüͷһͱˡëѾͷδ̫ҲسúϾ¥Ĵʦ㣿ҴһȺ˶ʮĵӣ㾹Ȼ

ʮĵǷ׷վüԡ

ҲǹģȷʵûسǵúϾ¥ͳȥسһأ˲վʹҴҸϻϡʦ㣬Ŀ֡
˫ֻڲϼ룬ָͷָ׼øɸɾóһ˫˵֡ٿȺͽܣվĽЩģҲһޡ

ӣЩڨڨȷʵçײڳԼŭˡ

ʳͷôһѾۼ࿴͡Ҳ֪ϵ˵жУһ־͸ӬƵΧʦһɤӺģͷȺ˿ֲ´ľʹȲʡ

ƹǲˣұȣ

ǾǣƹһֺòҲڶǱȰҲǿ

ȲأϾ˼سġ

ֲ´塣

һ壬ʦһ˾͸֡

ҪǾ͵ýأ̵۾ܼ룬Ȼʦǲʲô참ˡƺһȺ߹ҲʳﶼҪֿˣڱƴʤ˾ҪԸķ䡣

㻹û˵˵Ĳͷʦͽܺܲ

ЦЦһˣʳҪʲôôأ

⻰ʲô˼ӾûˣǻС̣ᵽŵ˼ЦʦӮˣðĲ׸

ŶΪġ

ܹһۣʱôһ¡ȻȺкܿˡ˵С˵żҵسǴˡΪһĵسǾӪʮżҸһˡеĻ˵Щ˵سи߹Ϊһ˰һ

ⰸӸûϵײˣ֮ϲʵϣҲŲײ⴫ֻҪǮλʳȥҲǿԵġ

ԣźܸɴؾ͵ͷôֵֵ֪Ĳף

㣡

ѵǣҲǸˣǲֵۣǿˣ

ӮˣȻûʧ˲ŷϲסһվֵֵܲȻܲӮʦ

⵹Ҳǡ

ϷǵΣ˯һүվڶ¥ķϣҪƴ󡣲Ȼ˵˵󵽵˭˭Ӯ

ԭġԭ䰲ʲүӿڣȻܾ

Уʦʦͽȴͬ⣬ס¥ʳ͡˭֪᲻ǣ

үӺһҭʱƽϵˡ

һߣڴĿеŵŵؾʹӶ¥̫һͷѪȥһ¡Ȼѻ˵ʲôӦʲôǱүŭ֮»©һ̨ףһԡܹץļʱȻһ׼ͷѪ

ųһү㡣

үеΣ˦־߹ҪۡæסǲȻ
ǵԴְԺ󣬾һֱԭȡʱ꣬ʱŻȥӦûϣ֪Σ

үǲϵãȴϤسү

ȻЦЦǰЩʱүӻʳ˻ûسء

찡سǵʱּҾȥǽ鲻

ĿĿӣȻӦȥּҶˣǺ˺óԵ硣˭úãǾּҵϱΪ˳ԿںõһúϾ¥أÿضҪһʦѡѡѡǵĿϣȻǿС

䣬˸߸ߵذ°ͣһ־ڱصá

ŵͷУȻ˵ˡʳĿǰݵУߡ

ʦͽһ˲ϿЩ̹ҲϡʳطСòúϾ¥Ĵһ룬ǲŲȡ˵ˣվҡڵ뿪




49.  ʮ£ޣ   ˱Ȼźá

ĿһȺ뿪, ȴЦ˸ɻˡ



ܹ۾гһ̲סһЦҲԣɻˣܲˣ

ղȺ̲С, һɤŴ, ˵ȫŴߡڶ, ŤŤ뿪ǻɿүӵ, һ־ͱүӸһۡƢͷĲ飺ɿɿ, ϷԼվȣõ

Цһ㣬ù

, СѾͷƬô˵ģүӵĺӶҪղ߿˲Ӷ¥ˤˣʶȤ͸õûСѾͷƬӷǵĺĺ

үһָŰ, û
ָӱԵãٵ㡣óĴԼĪʮôԭʳôˡȥسǾͲһˡ

ŵļƻǴ湻һȥسǿöλӡҲһǵԭҲǿԵġȥسǣԭ߻Ҫ֡ʦԼţЩ¿Կ뿼

ܹ񻺻ߣϵĲһ軺Ƶֱߡ

, ûעȡ

һȥ, ̧ܹ۾

ĿӣĿ峺רעһɶصϢʮֺšýˣоϢ޿ײǻꡣ彥תԺܹ국׵ĴɫҲ󡣴ʱʺ÷·īպˮȾ䲻һƯ顣
żԼɵͷ˿, ̧ͷЩ⣺ôˣ

£ܹ·ûע⵽뵽ղںԺһʵ⡣ЩȣȴҲ֪˵Щʲô˵ô໰ɤˣȵˮ

ţôƵģ

ǲǵܹƽΪҲˡѾͷһרעһ۾Ϳǲ߶ţҪԶٿ

ܵصͷӣĬĬذתȥ

ߵӰΣתͷôˣǲлҪң

ܹ죬ʵڼѡ
Ů֮˽ܻһҲʡ˵ƽ۲죬˵ʵڵģܹûйµӡ

˯ΣܹԼ˯߲ãʵҲֻܴ

аɡɴϾ˯šľˣѵʲôױֵرزôΪһΣ

ȷʵ

ܹͷʵҲðûʲôκηӹĻ¡һֱûϴҲ˾ɻ顣Ųʮ꣬ûʮ꣬Ͳ󣬵һûʲôһѾʮжˣٵȥҪһ롣żֲøδСԲֻܰй۲졣

й۲ĽȻǶǣżˡ

˼ͬѼ˵Żүصغһһƨ˵ĶϷﲻãһܱϷ

ƳүһۣʮҲ֪ͷǸСƢƽĲ˻ǵóʦգҲǲУүҵӸЩϣҰһ˶Ӯ͵ˡ

ӻϷ޵ģ϶Ƶġ

ȻǰĿȻָлȷʵп𰡡ʲôʱϡϣǸϡõûǮһ룬ȻسǵĺǸ̵ĹӴҹǺ˵Ĳˣζ

һүӣү֪
˵Ǻ˵Ĳһھ̲ȥˣôǺö

Ȼǣһţ۾ˣǶĺóʳ

⻰үӾ͸ȤˡסⲻߣɲΪһڳԵģǶʱˣŤͷָһСʹȥŷ

ʱ˵¶˵׼̩⻰һ㲻١Ϊһ˾鷳ͷ³ɡŷվŸǰ˼²ӣ֪Сⶫƺ֥һ.Ƕ˳ģûо˵׼ˡ

ûֻҪҪҵˣ

żòȥקŷӣ;ܹۼֿظס󣬳£֥ϵǸ.ͣš

ƹҪŷʱү˯˯˳ԣۿŶһȦ̹Ȼ԰Цġ
¾ӧţ

Ǹãû˴ŷţʳ÷ⵥ

ӴŷЦһ¾ʹӦ

ȷĴڣҲҵ·ӡŵۿɼĲԺŵͼȥҤĴͽˡСֵߵߵػصүӾϲæŸɻʱҲ˵;͡
һ˦ӣҡڵؾ͸ȥѾͷ˵ҪʲôϺɵøơ

Ȼգеʳ·ʽȻеûûС𱰣ò˵ȷʵǢʦҲаˣ֪ʱȥ

ȥȥƨ

үֻôĻԷ磬ƨƨߵظŰš

˶Զ;ܹĿ˵ıӰȻŤͷ˻û߿ŷһ䣺֪ŷӽ

ʵͻȻŷ⧲һ㶣ʮ塣

ʮ壿һꡣܹɤģζҲӦɼҵˡ

δ˵ŷʱ֪¶ɫ۵ķţֻһӣտڵĺݡ

Ŷܹ񵭵ӦһЩᣬһ޲ǡ

ǰ



ƽû˵ˣĪؽһιڼεĶԻŷû뵽Ķһ˺ƵʱһСľ˵еࡣ˵ĶҲܣ죬ЦŽѿڶĻһʴ

ܹЦЦһ䡮ǻҪæǸسŷͷ

ŷ嶢Ӱ죬Źֵظпһ䣺û뵽䵭ʳһͦĳ

Զպ󣬳ȻʳһڶʳԼáڱ֮ǰźܹ񻹵ȻشһˡΪ˹ӵ¶ǰ¾һֱڷľסšȻ׽׽򣬵ϾǱ˼ҡ
˵ԼƤȥԼСסֻһӣͷһأ侲ǻʶų

ȥ䣬ҪԼӣ沸ˡҪŴ򾭹һαݡ

žԼΣ˶ڱ裬֮Ҳе

ʵڲУҹɡ

һ仰ûѹ۾ŵɳ㣬˵ʲô

һˣҲһˡ˵Ҳֱףӹһ㣬ӹҲȻҴպϴպϣǺҲи

۵ᶼŻȥ»Ҳû˵һŤܻطľҰŸˡ

ż״Ҳû˵ʲôֻһ䣺㿼ǿǡ

Ȼ򣬶뿪ˡ



·һʱˣڼ䷽ϷҲȥӺöءδζǴ˴⣬Ҳûðڷ硣ͻȻ֪¶һմشײŸͶҲɶöϵʮǮһ̶⡣

һӱӸͷôͱ

жŹʹôġӵܸӣһҪһ᲻÷ҴǸʮȥͷǵš

ǿɲУǵһӦɵعʮҲعˣѵһŮ˷ǵøһ࣬ʮɽأʮˡʮ꣬͸عˣԺȥ˴ɽҲظ˵Ե𻨣뱲ˣҲΪԼǿǡ˻ţ治ֻűˣҲĿԼ

ﲻ֪ô룬˵ӻ

ؿһӦˡ

һʹյһӣҲô졣˴һһٷӵ˼ϳԣӲϾڼҰ졣Ϊ¶ӰѼ˶лؼУһ¶Ҳ֤

ΪװΣӺüûŰţǰѰŻûϴˡܹ񲻺ᣬæˡߺ«Ϳģ¶ôȥˡ

¹ҲᣬʱõĶ׼ãʼϺ

ϺүүԴʲôöζһ߽ʵгָ׸ǴСĶݺõ㹽ж±ɵ±ҲҪгɶ㹽ж˻ˮҪĢǰ壬ҲҪüˮС

ϺĵһȽⶡıƤըֽڿе΢С
ȫζү극ûһ¯ӱϾŲ￴һ߿һ߻ͣĵģҪʲôը⣿

æȻ죬ͷ¶ҪƢãǸ

ү˿ûԾը⽫ⶡȫֿʼϺϺⶫһζͱˡ͸Ϻգ۵Ĺͱˡִ˵Ļ˵ǹӵʵζʵˡըⶡ㣬ү۾ˡ

ⶫãⶫζãûأһ߶߶ͣ

ϺҲҪ̫죬ϺƤ˾ʢȻǻƶԭүүͷҪһƿĶ罷Żû͸Ķ罷ֻܼΣͣǣûƶζһЩȻƶʼݣٽϺⶡԼ㹽ȥ

ڰæȻ죬Զڽּҡ
һڹľƺĵִּҡȻϢݻ˵׶༪١еǲײĲᣬ̫̫濴ľһ̣һû˹ȥ

ּһɫŹֵؿѾɢζĹľּҴϱϴʱ˵ĸ첲ǺںľֻĿɫףȽŲȡ¾ĸԼԺӡ
صԺĵһ¾ˣ׼κүӳ彫ұøϳּ֮¡˭һ䣬˺˽ͷ֮˵죺ţ¶ү޹أ£Ǵү޹أּҵճûһ˿һĹϵǰţǰѾͷԼŮһŭ֮³ּңɲǴүȵģ

µʹΥ̫̫Ļһ¿ھ¶ү֪顣һҹʥ飬Т˳ѵܹǫǫӣլСȻү޹ء

ּҴ󷿵˼ּҵ˼̫̫ſľϿ޵ȴҲûоϱ˼

ŮŮŸŮϵΨһѪҲּҵĸּһϣڵĳճٳ꣬·ǸСӣҲڶᲢ۵ſּҵδ˵̫̫᲻ãּβġ
̫үֱڣ׼κ۴¡ŮҲѹŮվŮΪ˱ʾµΣ̫үһͨҲֻǽӷȥùһҹˡ

һҹ֮󣬰ʧ֮¾ôݲݵ˽ᡣ

ڴڼ䣬ּҿԺİڼͷðһһӦ˱ּܿŵʱС·ȥġʵϣ̫Ǹľȥҹʱײһء
˰øؤһ㣬۾ȴƭˡ

ﻳȴ˵ҳ嵽ּǰȥ˵һּûˡ̫̫عָҪôʰ˵ּ̫̫Ҵ̫̫Ҳ׷ŹšˡûҪǿö࣬򰲼˺ּˣûʱջˡһСҵˣˣ˵һ׮鷳¶

һ棬ǲϣŻšŵ¶ҲعܣĿ̲סֽѾʣ·Ҳû˹𣿡

һˣԭ˵û͸׵·ŲʡȥõĻظҲֻ·ȥ£ݲڸС

ֲõԤУû֤ݣֻĻŵҹ¡




50.  ʮ£ޣ   ϶ҷ

·ʧ, ڻɡ
ܹΪһӣ·ȻǸɵģ˸Ϊ, ٲŮլ֮, ڴ塣˾, Щϲֶ̨֪
ʵ, ·ðᵱа, δŮעӹ硣һŮݿ磬ôԵù˺ɺϡȷʵ˵е׵Ů, ȥƫ۰һŮеԵȷʵֵ˼

ѪģһԽȥƫһ, ǸŮӣֻǶԴŮ⡣

Ҳ˵ӳ԰ʲô˼һּһñŮãǾͿ϶è塣˶˽ģҲƫԼ׽ˡӳԽŰ粻֪ܲӳ˼ʵǰ֪С

·ֶŮӲҪӵ, Ůݵ΢ֶıΪԼһ·, ޿ɺǡǰԵԼ޹ءѡңȻǻѡƣ󷽵ˡһ㣬عѵһұرġ꣬η˴Ժ
ȻһﲻҪ
һ뵽һ·еĵεΣСֶβѾ졣ֹζϤСڸ׵ϼΡ

鲻ܻ룬һ, õļ䶼Եð߲·ܣ׿ڴӦ˻ȥȥףҵҪ޷ն

Ϊ޷гŵ·û磬Ȼûʹ״

Ҳ·ʲô̲סͷš
һŮӣ̫˽ˡûһö
׻˵ˣ仰˵һСأ洦ɼˡȻҲòȴҲԸԼòһ˵һŮòҲпʱ˵ԾϲɣԼ·ǰˢڸлᱻǡֶüšܵ·ϱŮԺͱġ

˵·ڶôĸѾߡ

סּһ·ϻ˶˼˰ֻҪ㹻˼ľͻǣҶǡԭȶ·ûٰ⣬˼Ȼòƭҵģʵڲμӳеʫ᣿Ůӷۺϣ

Ѿ֪ķȻ˳˼˵ģģӦꡣ·ǰµľӣȻһϾɫ

˵׼˶Ǽ

ЦֶרŸͷ˿ģûһ»ݡ
ϱӣ๫ٳһJǹͷмˡͷ񾩳ǵǫǫӣԺЩɫŮ˸顣

ã

ͻȻðⷬĻѾ߶ˣһʱĿࡣ

һûµĻëѾͷܶʲô

α㱯ۣ·ļϵˡǲˣҲ·ӲǡѾ߿ĿİͰ͵ģʾ֭ؿο˿ǹһͿ׼˵ġ

⵹ǣ

Ĳ˵·Ϊ˵ġϱ·Ȣ˰Ժլʰøɸɾʱµͨ߾ֻаһŮˡҲźͨ¸һû˸ιһҩ
ãþǰ˺ͺعһӡ

˵£ȻΪ˿ƾٰɣֹƾ٣絹

ϱ·Ҫ³ԡΪ˻һ·ߣȷʵ¡ҪΪ˱ȷʵҪȫȫ⣬ר־

ôһ룬İˡڿƾ٣æ¶
һŭһЦġ뵽·άﲻ⡣·Ʒٵ⣬ⱲûйҲǿϵġϾⱲƱҪھƱҪ⽫źЩͳͳڽŵµġ
˹̫̫·ѡҲֻܿվ

·֪˼ʱȷʵǱı·Ҷܸߣһʧܡ

·Ҵ̫̫·ĸϵĸ²ŹĶЦ棬޿𡣵Ťͷͽиȥʹһ顣ڵ֪·ΪһƷɵŮѧҵòûһȥˤʮҤ˺üײ߲Žڶȥ

ʲôĳ۶浽Ƥӵǰ;ĽӣɲһŮܹģ

Ըȥ˷˿ڣ·˴ΪѧûʲôĵŮԶ¶ڻּҵİ磬ûûֵظ·йŮĸ£Σ˼Լ·Һθɣ
·Ҵ̫̫͸ûȥһ˼ּŮǰһ޹ʵŮʲôҲֵȥƣ

߸иҵ˼˭Ǹʡ͵ĵơƾϱӼıҲнЩҹ󸾹ŪƵĻС

μӪӪǹܲšʱһϺɰүӵȼ˸ˮ

ܹվһ۾Ҳֱˡζ·Ϻһܳ԰뷹˵ģܹĲؿڸ֮ԳʳҪ󡣿ԴӸڰŵߣܽøѰһÿվͶŲǵ¶ͷһ־

˵Űⶫھܳ𣿡үܲˡѾͷԴôģôͻôóԵĳʳ

ܰһװ˲ޣװ˻ʣһС룬ⶫ㲻ܳԡ

Ϊΰƾʲô

ΣſүӷһܹܵΣ㲻˾ͳԡ

үѾͷƬƢθ˵¶

ҿԳ𣡡ͻȻһ.۾ȥ
ͿòɴʹӰǿмǰͷţҵղŸ˵ȥǵӶˣա

û뵽һ£ˣ

ûӣ۾ֱضŸչޣϾҪˡԺ󶼳ԲĶҵصҳһ١

ţô˵ҵң

ǲȻأʹռ˰ߵλãײײŵĸ첲ٷ

̧ɫôһѾˡ
űɴܿѾͷԺҪѡģ̰ѵĵҡҡͷԲáҲ嵭ˮˮ

~ҶԺþˮ~ʧͲ⣿

ŲĲ𴩣㼸ǰǲſһӣ



Ȼܸһٿɿڵķʳ뵽ʳ׵Ӫҵʮִ󷽵ؽһ̳Ϻ͸·ϴųԡȻش⣬ĨʲôǹζġϺǽֻҪעſھ÷ţⶫܷŲʱա

ζʱжѣáҽˣһʳˣ

лл컹ûȫڽ˸ϳȥ

жˣ飬һѡƵġ

㶥ѡϲǳ˹ûָģҲ˵׼

ôһ£ŴϺˡ

ߵͻȻûκþͱҸͳԭ˵ߵò䰲صŮֹ˽ϽŮĻϡˣ붼֪¶ÿŮ𴦵ĲͬǳʱҲŴһŮ

ˣܼҵĹؽİࡣÿպѵģһСʳ÷ʱ󻰣˵ĴգŸܹ͵ûش

һΪӸŴĻ£żҡ

żίʵǸöҲǣܸɵó¶ʲôģһŷûжH¶ΪܷΪ١˵ʮӵĲ񣬴һ˷

ĸԳƣʹҪʲǮ

ǸҪţ

κιСϲ֪ٴһ֡
ҲʵˣôίӲû˵ἰźܹڹⲻһ˾̣˶ڿꡣ

үӶʱͲˡúܡֻ԰һķˣϷô죿

ţ 

үӹϰˡ˵Ѷϼ£һ鷳¶㻹áΪһڳԵģϼҴڵȥ´֡үӲͣ˳Щûȥʵ˳ŸҲ

ֻ˵ⰲˡ

ȻʱһˣŲ׵顣

үŭһ£ת˲ؿ

ţ

Ȼˣүӻûȥɡʱ̫ˣǱµȥүֲ˼Ҳû취ߴٹҵżҪ鷿Ƶ˷ϣҹүӸϽȥүӲҲߡ

ߵʱү᲻ã۰Ͱ͵ذѰŹԺһƵ㳦ˡǮҲһĴ󷽣ֱӷһʮӡ

ȻƢθҲȥϾǽ㳦ֵʮ

үˣΪ˳ų棬ܹһȥ

ܵÿ죬ʱˡ˴ʹӻص֮ʱͷôĿһ·档סڴͷķҴ󷿡һľǼҡؿĴԽӵһһͣ϶Ժſڣûӵɳ

϶ķ𣿡˵ľһ⣬뷽ľûϢӣʲô⡣

˭֪˵ǷҵȻһҿ̱ҲδԼɩˡƽ۶Ƶģľҵ¶

ǵӾĲϵ궼ţ

һ˵Χȥߴߴ

ŸܹʱġܹǰŰһ𡣲ò˵˵һ¶һĿΪһĹƿԺ߽ȥſڱ㻽ͷ˵ϵ͸Ƶĳ

Ƿ϶ǸӣһɤŵĸΪСµҵθ֣ôãô͸Ƶģ

ѾͷҲҵθ찡ⷽ϶Ǿᣡ

ͷֹҴ󷿺ӶϾժǲʲôɲɵģǾںһ¡϶ǲǼ񵽹ˣΪúļˣ˼ҹ˵׾ҪӸ϶ˣ

һ˲һš󷿸һۣ뵽һȥ

ⶼշģһˡ˶˵ֵܴϹͷŽȺ¶ɲǡֵܾ͸иһһǰȥƷľԺš




51.  ʮһ£ޣ   ֹ

Ժһƿ, һ׵ķ϶ģԭȹͺͺԺӶ˺Щϡİ裬ԺӺͷ˸ţñ׳ţ˩ͷ̵سԲݡԱ߻˩ƥ, ߴԭСطܿĶţ, ⷽ϶һ

ԺŴվͯƵһһŮ, , ֪
ԺӵĴ˶ʱ˷, ߴߴز¸ͣҴ󷿺״Ĳһ棬Ĺˡ˹, ûнţֻվſ״׽غһ϶, ǲæҪҪɩֶһ֣

ƽϺȻкˡϷ޴ʱźܹţ˲ͷ

ûõӦҲգģæǰɣˣ

˵Ի϶˷ľܾǡȻϺû, ֵߵߵػȥϲѶˡҲ˵Ϣͻؼ, ֶ㡣ѯʣڻǰܹ̾ƱһЭ

ôһ£˹ӸŵĻ£ǸżԵһ
˵ǰش壬Ź𻨱շתʲЩ꣬ǽ϶Թ𻨷Ǵ鿴Ȼ˼ݣһѡ, ܵˣ

ӵӾˣ۸ҿԣ۸ҵ˾ԲС

֪𻨵ͱŵһϲǮ¶ĺϣ׶Ƥɥ¶껻˺ȴúöˣͲ°ԺӦ

κĺúõģȴǽˡ
ϴˣҲҪ֡հͱ˾뵽һ֣˲Ҳ϶ûӸŸɡⶼˣⷽ϶˵ʮ걻ȫ˿𣬸û֡
ûµһû£˵˵ԷӸҫһ˵Ϸ

ִ֮£ᶯ֡ٺᣬͱϾˡ궼ʮˡƽ궫ң˭򲻹ҪǴ˹˼Ӷ࣬ͱ˺졣

ҲǴɣҪȥżҡżҸպûˣŮ˶ȥɻˡʣϺҲӡţȻ׺ݣȴס֮°һģˤȥĵһ˵Դĳһ
ǾôˡʲѰ˻ҷӳǵñɡ

ȻֵļζײšʲôˣһȭͷܵçϼֲҺãӵҲݣרķιӡӽɥǣע޸ĴĿӣסӣˤ衣СС̿ףӿ˷˸ĸעһӻ

⻰ֱû߶һ޶Ůĸ˵õǲҪǵ

ͷ˲ܣֵֻ֡ԽףǿԽˡЩ˱ͿϷľһң⻰ҲֻϹл˼ģϽ͵Ϲ졣ŴţӸ𻨶ʲôɥǡ𻨱Ϊ¶ţֵòѰ

ò˵еǼû߶ﺦˣǺϹ죬ɱˣ

¡ԭί̲סЦзʰһӣ



Ȼż˺ù۶Ǹ絹ģ˭ʹ˭Ӯ
ıķȻǮ
Ű˷ӣŤͷ͸ܹ㵽һȥˡһ磬һ˰˸̯ӡߴŷӣܹǱߴŷϺ˷壬żҴ壬ܹŷϺڷҴ壬̯ӡ
ūСһһ࣬ȥ͸ڵżҴࡣĻҲûУղˡļ۸Ҳߣղ˵ļ۸һ

ԼĪǮļ۸񣬰һǮһաѼҲÿֻġϺֻ࣬ҪˣùҲաЩˮԼĶһǮŴĵգ۸񻹲͡ǮһϺʮǮһ

һ죬һ绹ûüµظɻ˶
СС£˴˵ǵӴɤ˺˼һһڳر۸ôһгżҴĴ۾ɵϴ󣬲š
ѼֻʮһֻĶ̷࣬ѹۡҲֻзڲŻĹЩҲ󲻳ġһſھͱǱ߹ģϵڱҲûôõ¶

Ǵ󵨵ģתؼҾӰײǲա

Žصػѵġ˿ĿһסģˣһƵġ߷Ҳصػһ³УŰž̯λϡҶһ͹ʱȵվߡ

ʣСػҲʹ죺вƷʲա

ūˣȷʵʡ˸Ƶƣ͸Ǯ

һٽĴײˣǮصذӶҳͭ壬ɰͷڷС÷ӵ˶ٸͭǻׯں

˸ӣﻹҲţһԼҴ׬ͭĺûᣬæؾͻؼŪˡǼģһûУ׼ȥɻ˶лһʱ䣬żҴ˷׷ȥժˡ

ֽſģˣժһЩ͸Ͻ͡ȽǮָϽؼȥժػأؽżΧϴץҩһ۾Ϳڵ֡Ӱﻹ߬ҩվȺͷʲô¶

һǮأ˭й˭˭Ҵģȥ˼ˣڵ֪ش̻ղˡ۸̻١ղˣպû˳ԵϺ˵յļ۸񶼿ˣ

һ¾ͼˡȺ¿ɲǼң

ҩɿܡܹһѪĶӶ˲ϡԱ˼٣ȥ԰ժˡż˿ڶ࣬ǳԵϢׯںĺز٣Ҳ١ÿʳָЩĳϢͭ

һ´׬ǮĺûᣬؽĶԵĲ˶չˡϵĶϱżＸСӣƵĳ˴ڵĺӰСӹӾˮϺ

æһͷʰһϵǿǱΧˮйͨ

ˣôͺ˵ġȲһһŶӡ´̻չ˲˲Ҫˣ¾ָʹȥˡ˼һһ󳶣Լǰͷȥò״ϱȥͷͿ̯ŵϤס

źͷӶһ˿վŸı׳ϱһĿԡżϵıͽסˡ

üŵİʾ°͡

ĿԣӵϵһЦҷϰʳϷǺ˼ңԼǮӹÿסʳÿҪõĲ˲٣ȻҪ򣬲罫ЩǮѼ⣬ײֻܲҪģҷҶᰴա

˵ţһһңҵĲգ̫¶ˡ

ۿһˣϲޣѾͷô˵ģ

ô˵Ը˼ˣͲܸŲϵ岻ֱӰ¶ͱ̰ͼи͵͵˺ӡԼŮȥҳĺģ˼ҹŪţ˱̿׵Ļͷȥ˼Ҳ±ҹţ

㣡ϱ˵ͷƤ飬뱲ֻ˵ģסڣסڣŹԼ˥ҿûйϵ

ҪɽȥʯͷҶԺӣɽܳµɽ𣡡ŭ

һ飬ӲҲã

𻨼ﶼĽҲĸǲˡ㻹ȥʳЩ²ܻ룬һǾѪҪĿߣɽõȥϣ˴𣡡

϶ͷ亹ðҲãֲҴģã

ƨ˼ƵȥŻô£غ𻨵Ӳ˼ʮĿ˷Щɥ¶Ͳɽɽҹȥ𣡡

ӵһ仰ûϸųô
Ź񣬴ʱֻñ쬣˵˵̿ף

˵ģҿڵ˲䣬ӵһˡһ棬ȴǰδе˳

żҴĬĬ˺󼸲һԶԶġһͬһסţôԹֻŮ̫ЩǴĵ׷

һЫ˭ҸҴ򽻵

ҵ찡Ҳ̫˰ɣɱˣ˭ᣬҾ˵һܿൽǸϣϱӵٻⱲӲŻôࡣԭ࣬Ķ

ɲǣҵθﰡϽԶһ㣬ʡñһӸ˶á




52.  ʮ£ޣ   濪ʼ

ղ¶Ҳһʱ֮ȻΪżһ¶ʵո, ĥˡ

ʳСԴɺˡܿʰСʳʳǲٵġ
ʳĵԴÿһطȻ׼ɵ򡣰ԭǼƻŴղ, ʳͲˡʡȥѺʳĵ, ҲܸʳӪ

һżҴ, Ÿ˽һǧٽİײܲ
Сһǧټʮİײܲ, ö񿿵þǮԷŸǵиɢͯƵ, ﲻõġ

һңȻǺȻվ˶ӡ

һڴаԵû˹ĿࡣӶɷ, ̿׵궼˼ſߣζɽ˺úó

ۿյĲ, һ˱Ҫ̯ߡżҴ廹ЩģûϣЩ˻ûֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿţҪޡȺü۸ûϣȽȥ׬СһǮһİɰǸ۵ã

ü˼ΧŷӰų̾, Цһ, ϵʳֻ͡Ҫɫ㻹

æӣͷ۾ʱ

ŵһ뿪ѾˡżҴܸϵĶ׬Щͭ塣ֻҪǵ˲ûûˣֻһҲ˻ǡ

ƽԼ࣬ĺ, ˶ˡ˿кҲлõʱɻףʱǳԺȷǮһҲе࣬ȥϡǱϱ˼ѵĸбۿһ̲סЦ

ã

е¶ȻܱӦ

ɲǣ˭ҪأǸֹ䣬ͱǱߵϸˡ

⻧˼ҲǣһŰˡͽһҺͲٶĲˣʮ㣬ԭֱţշһʲôˣ

ݺݳһصܹҲ̯
һ˻ͿľԺӣﻹںСľͷһӰóжˡ

ܹŷϺڴϺ㣬ͭ壬ǳ˺ôһͷ
ֻС̯ûڵһ¡ʳͷȫ˶֪ˣľ˾ȻˡЩ۾ͷϵֵܽһܵĺȡľһӲֵܽôǺõһӡ

ѵôˣҲˮġŻͷһջЩˡ뵽Ĵݲˣһζûҵ棬Щײȫܸˡ

׬ǮŴСϽȥ˺

ʱȽϸϣҲЩĲͷ⣬һ׼档档ȻСʳͶԼֻԡǳòܻſζҲѣʳһѺ֣ѧҲܰһѡ

棿ҪӲ˲֣û뵽

ŵͷһֺʳȻܾô˷ˡ

ٺãҲһ˹⡣СԼ򵥣ʵҲסС̯߿϶÷һˣűֻҪһС棬æȥֻзӽˣʵҲѣǲģҴһտ

ӵˣԼĲóԣⲻðŰ׷ѹ

óԵûԸǿô졭

û˳ǲû˳ԵġӵǲãҲôȥϯ档ǷţЩԱˡ

ģֻܰ˵Ĳǲҵġ

ΪϤ棬ǳԵ档ζȽϽӽԭ߰յĿζ⣬ǵӡ
ըⲻѣȻ۾ῴѵΰӳζոպãŽǼгָ׸ǴС⡣гӽըò˵һϲһġͲôһըζƮʮ

˴ӽһʶ˷Ϻͭһֱŷľߡе÷ŵ˸ԺӾںľүĲˣǼʲôò˰ζˣ

ľãͺҶϱպãӳ

һʱ䣬·Ϸҳ˴ֵ˼ҡôһʣռڶƵģҲȵغү

ԺӴľͷ̣

ӿ⸱ģҲûŰѧӵĹ̾ͰѲμڼǵղе츳һͻԤȿ֣𼸸ȥʢ档

һĿڳ԰ţһ

ԭ򣬰ǲ㳤ġͷƤ¶̫ࡣû˼Щ˺ġֻȰѹӵ˽⣬Ͻȥس⡣

ѾˣաȻ˳ޣҲ׼ԺͲǷˣҵĲƲûʸߵġұûʲôΨһϵľӡѾռѼͬûСһ׵ؼ޸ţûŵġ

æѧûг׷ʣǵĳΰţýˣ顭

ˣƺҵĿ꣬˾ˣ˴ӡ֪ʲôˣ֪ҼһסȢңûָܴʲôȥ

ҲǡȻŪݵģʵﲢôأһֻʮֻǶʮһ⣬ʱɽﻹҵһҰʳõúܡ

ˣҲôˣúùɡ

ӵһ仰˵ĹӲᱼɲǣҪúù

޵һգʲôû׼ûУױûСӾʹһѣ졣øͷͷϣôֱӵرǣһֻǰ˺ŴˡĿؿźһ˱֤ݰͰ͵ŮӣԼеĸо

պкӰɡҲӳޣվһԲͣĨᡣ

ЦྡȻкӡ

һߣָֻӴ񣬾۾ظѧӵζͲĲòǲø͸Ρ񷽼ҸԣղҲˡʱһЩݳǵصĳʳĸĺóԡ

˼飬ζԺ󣬰žʹʳš

ŵĵһգСһࡣɤŸһ档ϵİհŰɵģڼ۸㡣ȷ۸ǲųԾ˶ӡ

֮УһգʮֲæӶذŴԼӦ硣սԺػ˲֪ٱ飬׬ʮվʤع˷ӵġ

ԤҸ˽ҡһȥس⡣

ȥسǣһֱЦеķϺ͵һ

Ȼܹһۡ

û˵ĿͶûſڵķӡӾЩ¶ԺЩſˣŶͨ͸˲١ҲûϺصͷȻҪسǡúãȥĵطҲȥġݳǣǶС

ľ۾ɵϴ󣺡㡣

ұǽݳˣ¥ġӲϲȥ̫ãҵƣһֺóաһʳҲǸʲôСϰѧģĸߣ˾ͻᡣгγޣ˵ضܿմһƬ졣Сط뱲ӣ۾ҪϹˡȥ




53.  ʮ   ˫һ

ӵ¶֮, һȻҪġ
żҴһԺ󣬲˿ʼˡÿʮһأͲ˵Ҳ졣ʳСԴڵ泹׽˷ӡͷһҲ˳ˡʱҪĲ˶, ٳеļ۸ան, ȵȵáøеļ۸, ˫Ӯľ档ڴ֮ǰ, ŸسǸʦһԡ

а𣿡ʱһ, ڽ˼ջ

ŵͷȻеġ

֪ţµ˾šĺӶһһŪġ
ֻǷӵģϾʳƲ֮һΪԶǰҲ¥, Ȼ֪һ˳ˣδļֵǲɹġöʳΪһˡرԵӮҪ, Ҫ洫ĲסҪǱͷѧȥǵǶʧ붼ÿİ

˵Ǻʱԣʱ˼ıˡ

źܰοա

سǵĴɵǰ

ⰲ˵áϾκҵˣ죬ȻԼĲòȴұ֤ͷûбǿġϱӾǱ, ˱ʵӲ, þǻ̫ȵģ㲻ز¶зִġ

ڴﵢյıԣϺţźܹȥϡ
ڱ뻹ڼʰգʵ˴ȺۡЩֵܽΪǮʲôָһߣھͱȺѪեˡ˵ûʲôӣֱſѪĸо˶ġ

˵, žҸڰˡ

⵹ҲٻʳȷʵæΪǸջʳʦȻ˵պԣʲôû˵ʦԾһչʾԼĻᣬݡ

ţʦ˼ôȣ

ȻǱȺ참ʦǺ참ʦȻԼóġ۰ͲһҾͿͲСԷҲ̫ȻǱԣһ˵˼ⷬǰʿʲô뷨

üͷɣձˡһһأزֻ͡Լֵһʳġôˣأ

ʦŰãƺѾͷͲҲûʹӦˡ

ĿȥıӰ룬СһȥһԱҡ
˵Ҵհʳҹţû档վҺԺſ뻹ЩˣŴĹһ޿ܾһ뿪ĸָⱲӶٻԭ򣬸ĸֵܿһӶټ

꣬֨ѽһˡŵĻӡԴʳԺ󣬰ŹһʱվҪһΡϰΪЦһ䣺ӣ

ŴСнӹһСĵĵݸ̸Щ顣

ӽӹĶʱüЦҲϲŹԭ򣬰Żˡÿعܻ˳СʳȻ˵ֵǮյ˭ˣ˵ͷССҲҪǮġӿžȥ

һŹЩԾ˶ˣ
ô࣬Ĵأ

ǣ̸һ⡣һɫҪ䣬ŸϽ⣬㡣

̸¶Ԥһ˳ĹŴʦһظ˸ѡһ´سȥȻܴøԶ
ҪҲѣԵ˶ܻ˷ơŴûר˵ȱѧ󷽷ĲԳɵķʽȥ㲻̫ྫҲܶõųԵԹóԵ˳֮֡Ը׵˹ˡһ롣
̵ͷ˵ģbossȻһƵĲܡ

ǽеĿ˵

˰죬ԺرʾƹҵǿҡҪ٣Ҷܸ硣ҲֵӣҪô鷳

ǸãйҾ¥áž֪ûף㲻ԸǮ˼ҲãҲҪǮ

˼ҲҵˣӾˣôͻȻôֵǮˣ

㲻عܣһΪ̵ľ⣬а취ˡԸԸɣԸ⣬ɵþ졣

ȻûŪףڶ̶ʳӪԶʳġ˼Ƭ̣ԼǸʵʵԱĳһûҲû׬ǮҲǶѵ¶ƹ˵ĵʹӦˡ

ĳغͰṩֻҪ¾СҲҪţ²ҪģֻҪѱ˶Сƽʲôʲôʱ㼼ɣռɹɡռĳɹɣʣɹɸҵôŪʱơ

ﶮӪڰ֣ƹ񶨱ǣҶġ

ԭСطɫɫ˼˲١ֻ˵ʵʵΣȻԵҲںġֽһһָ˵һ飺Щ˲͵ѧ㱾¡ɹļҲƴǡ

֪֪ˣӲͷذֵҶˡǽ̼̲ôֲʲôҪҴŵı£ʱİš

Сôʹ죬Ҳˣǽ¶ȵ⣬ٽū

齻žͲˡС滹Ӻߡ

Աϣصʳ·ĻҪһ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ߱Ƚ̫ƽ߸˼Ҷ࣬ﶼмҶӲ߹ˡ뿪ߵӾ˵׼ˣǱÿɫɫˣÿ߶ľս
˵ܹץǼ˻ڲ񷿡ǻطҴգҲûи⼸ͳʳǶò˵ɱ˰ɣ

żӿŲ

Ÿ߹ӻǰͻȻܳһźӰӰּֿܵײŻûѰСײɳȥС治֪ĶӷɿӰϽֹС棬֣

СһӾôͣͷϣգ۾ſײϵһľëСкãȽַؤҪࣺƹģСؤ

žСһĺ󲱾Ͻ˺Ϊģ⺢ӳҪöûϴˡǹζֱǡһװ˰ڣݳСèСкƽλãüͷôţֶˣ

ȥĶˣСƨʵ㲻⣬ͦСʰţ죬㲻ڡ

űֱ׳ĿЦѵ¶ںԺԼҶʯͷ

ƹģ⺢˭ҵİСĿ֪ϵ⺢ӵġСܲͷãںȴǸֱߵؤ롣һͷľëūһ

֪ɫˣСӾֱʳ
⺢ģûһ˵ԼһΣ˵СϱӾèŪټļû֮

Сճ˾ܣذҲԹԵرʳ

һʳԺž׼Сƨȥˢϴû취ʵ̫ˡҲöûϴ裬Ū׵ζŸ׼ŵﻳУһŵСͻȻҵǧƵĹڰصǲ

ץץסһɱƵĽСʵڱеͷۣطۣȥյˮ͹ˢ

䣬СӾͲˣʵʵعڰŵϡ

ܹҵôȵлͷϵĻƶ࣬ȻŻû֫һУǸϴľáҲ䣬´ĩĳСԺϴˢСȥһȽһ£㲹µġ

СµģüЦһˡ

Ҳ˴ġСƨ˫ֻأܺ˵

ȻŵĵСƨΪֹˣûжģ͹ţԼѡ

Сƨ˼˰죬հ˰ź֮¡Ӳˣֹ˰죬ȥߣ

ˮҲѣһͶˮˡðеС࣬صӡſؿһЩˮ¾òֱӽ⺢Ӱɾľ

Сͷ˻еģŸˢøɸɾ
˵СʱںģˢϴɾȻѩѩ׵ͬһ㡣һͷʪ˸ݣע⵽һ˫۾Ȼīɫ峺÷·ǰգɴԲֱضŰšԾǸ壬ūѪ庢ӡ

ܹͷСͷ˻еĺüһۿŵĹСк밲Ŀ֮ġһǣ

ģƲƲ죬ιͦõһֻСҰè˾ߣ׵úܡ

ܹ񻺲߹Ŀ䵽Скīɫһ˫ͫʱ΢΢ĿСԾ

һƨϣ˲

Ķģܹĳʶһͬ޷󼰵ġɫͫȻټ
ıһɷսңǸҾȫԱ࣬սǴǡ۾ɫֻǸò࣬ÿһöΪǲôСġ

ϰŽӹСݹСȹӸ⺢ӹϣʳԣֿġ

ܹüƳһС

СһڣߵһͷŤȥȻݣȴǹĹĵӤʡӲű鹻ᣬеĶȴľȡ

˲䱬죬ָƵŤˡ

ŲûסˤˡһѰסڻԾĴ㣬Ű۰˸ᵽȥˣ͸ŪԵģ𳳣

СߺģԼ˴ת޲𹥻ǲϲǸС

ͻأһ߼޻ȴ⧲ձˡƵһѰסСƨҽе죬һͷܹܹûнſվšŹҲ飬Ϳһ˫۾ţҪ⺢ô

ֻǰС˵̫ˣһǸδĹﰡ

һ仰ǰľͷķӸסˡľŵ̨Աߵľϣ󿴿ҿܹͻȻһĴȽеǰ¸ˡŶǼҺüˣĻҲʱһˣ

ϸȥȶȲһ¾ðܹ񿪿֮ǰϣҸĻ£û˵ôãûס

һ䣬ܹѵýӲˡ
ֱվſڣŹ⻹ǿ顣Ӳ·һֱһסˣû뵽˵һʼŵƤȴǲЩС괦жĿõģô˵

ﲻˣȴ˵ػܹȻ˵÷ͲǸڷˣ㡭

ܹû˵˫峺۾ֱضŰš֮ת뿪ˡ

ˣϵСܲͷų˳ŵĸ첲£Ӷˣ

ŵĿܹԶȥıӰջأӹóһݸСӡ룬ָһС뷹һܲŹ
СһС㻬ø׳𳴷⺢ݲߴȴסôʳһ㲻ʣȫ˸⣬͸ʳƵġԲĹĵĶӻʰţǸ̻ȡ

ûûˣ³ͳԣ

СһҲû۾ڰϾԼˡ

һʱ磬춼Ҫˡ

ʳԺļʰӶסˣһʱ仹벻⺢ȥĶ˯СͻССҲǸСȻ⺢ȥСӡ˭֪հ⺢ȥŤͷҰûģֱŵӡ

Ҫ˯С֣϶ǳģҲҪ˯

ȴǲ簲ÿԡҲϴһεġг

ǳģԼԼղųʲôУˣŲŲë˸ϳҪţ˯˯˯û˯

ԭΪСôһ͹ԹԻȥ˭֪˻ţ˻ſڿš̫ˣѾż˯ˡСһèһģһ̲ס뷭ˣܾԼͬе̫ˡ

ȥܹ֪ʱվſڣһյ׼ӱİš

һ㶣̧ͷܹ񣺡

š

ܹƹӳŰһ˫۾Ӱ֮СضŰţҲ֪ЩʲôãȻյ˰ŵĸǰֻһȭͷôţȻһ䣺ţĿ𣿡

һ˲סޱ顣ˣɱˡ




54.  ʮ£ޣ   磿?

ƿܽ, Сƨžһš

һϢڵ˲Ϩ

ܹ񣺡

Žյ鿴ã澲ĵ, һûС
¹͸쾮, ڰڰŷǰ, 峺е⡣ܹһЦ, 嵭, ͷ·ɫ˵°ϵĻҳڵϵĵתݡ

ʱȷӦҲһ⡣

ܹŲʮ죬лĸһųڵƤҡ

һ紵, Ʋڸǣ̧ܹбԽڵҲ˵ơľг, һƬȻԵõľס

һ磬컹δű׼ϡ
ʦԼñԵӡø׼ʳģŵĴһŶһ⡣ûԤŶеζӵζ, ǵζպЩܽܵĳ̶ȡ

֪ŶõĶǶ꽴, ζɫޣֻñĽƶͶζǹˣʣŴԼƵϺ
ϺҲǿԵģһĲáʳĽϸ׼ãүֱŸĹǰ뿪үӣҹŤͷֻˡ˲ֻ࣬Ҷŷ塣ǸѵĹ˵Ǽ¸ϻȥ, ǰ;͵ܻġ

˵˴ΪίҪԺߡ

˸Сӣ

պԺɱĽүҲˣڶ¥ƼǰˢˢϴСӡСӵ·һϺˡ²ضѾͷ˿Ű˸ˣүȻ죬˽ðŵԼŮһ졣

˳ִ̨ͷ˳һ̸ûֻǸһڷһסôһСĺӣһԭܣָᱻӸˡ˳ֶѡ

үԵͷϲӡȴúģʵڿǺӣҲõĺӳԺӡ

ŲûͻȻһ仰ҭ
˵ԼܹԺ츸ĸáתһ룬үӽͣԽԽ˵壬ɴӾͲˡ

үЩӵʳһձһպáԭȥسһȦҲԵúãɫͺÿˣһ˫۾ֻϴСϿаӵģŻôģʵڲȥϳ԰ɡ

һںСϳԷͷ۵ġ

үһ̺ȥθˡԭǲϲʳģʱһĺţ嶼˲١һ̵ؿаӣüͷģϷϷġ

СҲȰ˰ɡ

߶׼ãǱſ˺ʦĴͽܡ˵ͽܾܺˡ˵նö࿡žǸ곤ĺӡģ۲ϸ۶໹ҳϡհӮˣԭ߹ʳ

̧ͷʱ࣬ŸϽС棬ʳľԵĳϡ

˼ҴҳţŲʱѾܶˣǿֲ´ˡǵǱԱȰ⵱˻ĵģѵǱܡѵðųܹûš˵ʱղ֪æʲôʱڵ⼸հȥĶСš

ܹЩӣæץŰŵˡ˵ô̶̼գ˲顣
ϣ˸ţһԭΪǾܼҵˣץһͨŷ֣ȻŵͬһŵĿĲͬץΪ˽HӵܡӷԸһӵˡ

֮˲ʲôˣֶҲǳþáܹûôֶΣЩ˾͵Ƶİ鶼

Ǹ񿴵ܹ͸Ƶģӵָ

磿ܹһ֣ƮƮġ

ôǵԼһˣܹ׹Ŀ˼룬ûиĽʵ벻ͨһδıΪλ

ƻǮġ

ʵȥϸƵ־˵˸ŵĹϵǳȻƣԴͬţҲ磬ʯײȻͦӽԢҲأȷʵȻֽͬ͡űֻɰˡ

ңƷɰ䰵Ů

ָܹϥϣ˼Ƭ̡²µ˰ŵĴ崦·ʽˣ졣δŮʧ⣬䵽H֮أ˵ĺá
ᵽ֮ʱΪѵ飬͵͵̾һҼбľ

ΪҪҰӣ

԰ſ⣬ڲĶܹĪʵҲ
˵ǰŰ磬ͽͳʶ˾ʵδӵ뷨úܣͿʼƣһ㺢۲֪١źʱҲľսԼźĸͲǸ˼Ƶĺӡ

˾ǵһӣò˫ȫ߹ŮĽҲ

Ҳֻô͡

ôͣڸܹιһڶǰ֪Լһȴû˱˵ǡܹǵһ˵ĳ۸ߵ͵ӣʱȴ̲ס¶ԣһƷٵŮҲҵǰӣǲЩ̫ˡ

ֹǲֱǳ룡ףȴô˵

첻˵ܹҲøиŰŵѾץˣüȡΪ׵ļȫڲˡܹ°ڣ׼ȥߡӡ

Ҳ˵˻ûзЩ˻˳ϲ񷿵ȥѣ˵ŴҴҵָĳأѾɽ˺ԭİղ֪ǲôУô綼֡ԼһҲѾáĵطȻҹۻҪֵүӡ

үʦͽˣҲ໹ˡ
һݳ긾ˡԼĪʮϣһ̵ӣ˿ȹʯͷһףø⸻˵ǸĴŵġ˳ϮգڸǺʢ
ֱһʮϵľ˼ңһɫۡһֶŲ豭شŲˮĸĭ衣ҲǸģ⡣ǵĴٹΪһˣҪȥľ¥ŶӲСһ˫֣һƽͷܳƷϸ΢Ĳ
˼ֱ߻ŸˡЦеģͷڣŵ¹ƤѥȻʲô·һѾ֪Ѱ

˲ֱߣС˵Ż

⼸ȻģôӣʱǿźʦڿСǰȻǲƧСطܳʲô



ǡǸ¶ġȻǱԣȻҪѡֵĳϡ

ɴѱԳǰͷĿյϡһģ˼մԵϰսԳΧ˸ˮйͨСطİӿҲûʲô֡ѵñ˸ʳƹҪسĴԣɲǼͷҲ뿴

ͺСûѧ˰ɡ

һ˿ڣһ˹ЦؾͿ˳ϾСطԭŶʲôˣ󺺿еӣǱǸҲ͸¥Сѧͽࡣ

үӵüͷܲϲԴۡѵǿգÿͣ

ܿǵ۱ѹȥһƬͷʹӵһմﵽ.
ϱӲμӳմʱ򣬹ϯ϶ˡֳ˵˾ռߣѹóԼҪʳĵϣͿʼ׼ǱʦȻûôȹЩӦͷ亹Ѿ˺ü㡣

ʦľս߿˻㿪ʼˡ

⣬õȻ⡣ϰˣڵһԶ⡣ΪԵɧζصȥĵضı˸ǰõú̫ࡣɴֻˡѡõһ廨⡣൱

һó漸ίͱˡȵ͵Ҳֻµ˲ųԡ

СطȻûмʶ

Ų֪ί룬к鿪ʼϵֽᡣǱʦɣʰҲͶ뵽˵С
Ǵ봫ͳĺ참ʦȻͳĺ참õҲǾ¥õţ⡣ʵãţⶫҲʦ·ôΣȻŪһԼĪţ⡣õĵҲһרŶƵĺ

ŵͷ˿ԼĵĽˮȻ̫ˣû˶Ƶߡ

ʦţ⣬ͳһرĹкþͿʼҲص׼˸ɰʦװҪöࡣ
ĵһҪˮͷ˹⻹ЩζġнϾƷŵˮˮȥǱȻĻŶζĴȻƽϸһЩ˿һͨۻҵַ΢˱䡣

ȥ¸ɰزһжΣ뽪ƬϾƣƤ˽ǵϼˮС

Ȼǲͬ⣬ζȴѵûȥᡣүӵһǱ

֮үӶӡ䵽ȵסӦ룬ȫûһ䡣ΪжʧûڣүӶ˸ŭ䰲صʵ۶ˡˣżմ״ʵҲγ˸ɾ֪үôߣʱ͸úúøɣ

Ҳ˵Ǩ·жܣϾͿʼ
Ŷ۶ˮͷ㣬ۡרעˣַʮġ汾֮ĵĴǿſţһֱ塣

ԼҲ˵˱ȰŻ䡣

̨ȺҲ۷׷סֻ֪ʳķʳд󲿷˴δȥῴˡǿȱݵַ档

ȺУһµӶ׵İüͷּҵıô

ߵİӣϸ˰ţֲ񡣾Ż׼ŵм󣺡ֹټҹŮôգŮһӦòǡ

Ҳǣҡ

ʵϣͰˣӳҲ˳Ұš˵ķˡԼһŭ֮°ѱøϳּǳִӣʵڵгһͱȥ١Ŀȫǵʬȥܺ¡ɻعȴš
ʲô˼֪Ϊ˺˵ʬȥأ

룬ԼҿĿŵң⻨ھֵˡ

ɫҴҵģûһȥˡ

ȻûĵˣͷԶ˲ˮʹЩסߵ̴ӣȥͷ¡

ҲǴɣּʹߣ̨ȥײһˡ

ײòᣬҪǷۼֿ챨ȣһӵϺҪҵϡ˶һģӻعͷۼֿһѽ߷ס

Ŀԣ̧Ͷһ

һϻϺ̳ӡΪ˴ظϽ͹

ϵѾƮζһĲŷﻹ£ҲûŴкϺۻȥ

߳Զ߲ŴŤͷּʹӣ˭

ּʹһ㶣û뵽Ըϸ˸ȤԼүʳƹһգ˵ĶʳӡͦġּĸǽҪãǱʳҵﱧһ޶ǸƹͶġ

ͷ۾ȥͷŶհ




55.  ʮ£ޣ   Ŷyyds

ƵϺһȥ, Уζɢ
̨Լ̨һŵζһͷûζ֮ʵĶ½ҲԺʡȻûŵʵˮζԭŵļ˵ݳɫ, һ˫˫۾ֱض

ŻүӴ, ʱҲƲסȥ, ̲סʣƹͷʲôöζš

ʳ, ̨ϼӶҪɳ

׵үһ, ߵʵıʣ

һҭסˡ

үһߣֱյѪ, һ

ϺﱾжⶡҪ̫, ʶǺܿԵġ֭Ũصص˸ˮۡеĶ֭ðݣһˮһȥⶡϺͷϾͽˮճ˶ϡ
ϺغɫģȻûж꽴ɫҲ㹻ˡҲ칫ôΣһ紵, ζñеǽһꤡ

ҵ찡, Ƕô

Ƕ㲻ôһ˼˵̲ס¿ˮ̲סҵιԹԣ˸˿ǲͬǶⰲƹľǲһ㣡

ɲǣҪ˼ҿʳ㿪ʳأ

̨µĿͶǽͷݣŵζִ, ·ǰȵʵĲǡ
Ǳʦŵ亹һһûоӦԽ˶ٲ˵ʡȺúͽҲ˵ˣԵĴ֡

Ų˲֣һ̸Ŷ˵мϡ

߲ŶȥǱĺܲҲöʱ˻治ܱȣһȾ̬ܲסò˵ʦ̺ܲŵŶȲ˵ζ⡮ɫͲһء

ʦ֪áôʦˣⲻþ
ŲŵƳһۣһǶɫÿԡ֪ز䶨ˡ

ձԣ췽ίһ˷һСľףΪͶƱõġĵ˾ζãֻܽԼСľ׷ŵ̲ĵүӣݳĴί˭Ӷ࣬˭ʤˡ

ĿǿܲˣǴ󵨵ſھϽζô

үӵɲҰסϻذװǨλöˣǳʲôջָλöˡֺǺǵһЦװƽ׽˵˵˵

ѵӦˣµİնʱˡ

ôһӶίƷ֣ĿȻǱ롣үƳһţͺܲССһڵȤûСܲǸöˡǵ޵˾һζɣүӾ֮һ
һӣûԹܲʱ׶ֱŵĶ

үʦͽ˶԰ŵĳһԵƳƫġǺԥģɫΪ˵ĶС롣ԭȻСطܳŵˣٲȻ˸ղŵĲмӾһȥ
ССĳһں󣬼˵۾ǲһ
ܱȻǶóҲԵˡԼǳӣȻܳԵóⶹζľ̫ͷõʲôܹһֶζĲãᷢᡣѾͷһ㣬һ㶹ζûУⶼȲϵζ

ͷõʲôôûԹͷҧǶģϺףϾӵģĺöȻҲࡣ

ŵͷϺס

Ϻ׻ôãǷ·𱻵һ㣬ζǺüˣǲ֪еģ

ζõ÷·ֻҪһӶǶų뷹̺ܲ˹ˡ

ûԼҳġ





̸ʦɫÿǺ참ز˲úãҲôǸܲزͷõһôʽɣ

ԭǣصתͷʦˡǻ˵ɣ²ؼ߸߹ȴ仰ʦ׵㡣ʦǱ˺ôסûŭʦûܹίʱһһ׵ģĿҲ䵽˰ŵĶϡ

ܿҪˣһ̣һС룬ʣס

Щ˼ȻǱģȻƾԼϲֻԳԲɻδس˶صòˮڣתͷܲߡ

ܲʵʵ˵ҲܲûȳζһЩ

һӣ˶˴𰸡

үʦͽȻŶܴûֺõ˼ҲŶġһףʦԼȺͽܵɫͺڳȥʦ𽵹СطԭûѰŵµģֻǴŰѲӽʳߵ⡣û뵽Լ䡣

һ˶ԭ

һСѾͷﲻǰóôܲ϶ʤ

ݵһѷеĵӿһ˫ӡ˹ص߳Լĳأǵس嵽˷Ų˵̨ӸǰĶ˸⣬ֻʣһĩ֭ÿմһ֭һ£ʱͱˡ

Ϊ۵׵λҲûֹֻ˵һ䣺˾ˣͷƭˡ

ʦȺͽܻ泳ֱ֣԰ŵĶΪ̫⣬Ӳһزһ̻˲ŵý

ʦݺݵһۣһˡ

˵һóز˲Ǵ£滹ˡˣʦġǱΪ䰲صһ참ʦձȽݳͷЩȻе

ҪʱеĳԵĲˮˣһһҪȥޡ

ôһʰֻԼԣֳܲţʱȺУ˵ŵĶж㣬ŵһķŵȵġʳ䣬һ˶ûӮʱܻӰ졣ӮãӮʳƸһ¥

ĥŰղףһ˱Ȳͷ޻һֿ

һһ£߲۾ضԭֻǾ⸾˳죬һ͸ˡ

ȺзӸо˶ɻ̧ͷ

Ŀԣϣͷ΢΢۾ǾһƳʱֻһֻǰʮǰȥʦĸһģӿ̳

˫ǵ۾ӳӲƵԼغһ񴺣񴺣

ͻȻյػһʱɵסˡ

ͷҲ˲Ѱ㣬񴺣

ӶߴãĿȫǡûϳǡ



˷·Уɣ磿

ҡǵõʦʦȥ˱ôԭСط

񴺰ô

ʵû뵽ֳʦ֡ʵϣȥ֮ǰչͽܡͽѧƣͽǸŮӣѧͽʴӱѧѧˡţĸ׹¶ĸıҵ֧۸ùʦʦıӻ

ǴһҲûһζҪʮˣȻܼ磡

ҷ⡣

ʮ꣬ĸɢΪĸ׺Լһ־ĿףȻûٻȥڱľۣϡͿףȻ޷·̫Զܲ壬ֻһ̾Ȼڴ˵ضˡ

Щʮ꣬ʮ˰

ˣǣ

ָָ̨ϵİţҶϱԡ

ͬʱԶڽּҡ
ӳܲ˼гȻ仯̬Ⱥ޵جΣڱˡգһ̫̫Ժ÷ز˵ŭĸԼеαԸիģžܻ

˵ʲôʲôŮû˵һ仰ӷ
̫̫оһ⡣˵ӺŮѡӡŮΨһĹѪֲ̫̫ʯͷȻѹ˵ʵһɲ֪˭ﵽҲڱȫΪŵѶҷ㻹֣

֣ӳֻίܶѾ˿һµիˣ

ֱ̫̫ѵöԽĴӷ˻𣺡㻹ûģʯͷΪ˸ϴõի˶ԲãеԸȥǰңøһӸҴУ

Ǿǹңڹǲǣ

һ£ּҹŹֵտҪӳƷ衣ܾãΪһ£游ĸǰ㿴ˡˣϵ˿ҲԣٲȻĹεˡ
ô֪ܳȥͻ£ôýΰôãȥͱӹߣһȴװĴģα

ǾǹҺ˰ţҲˣӳźžͿˡ

ʬôգۿɼһȦ˻جج㲵ò緢

һԱ̫̫ŭŵð仰˵ִ̫̫žסӳ塣ſھͿޣҵĶҵĶҪǱǸ۶ŮƭˣܸɵóֺͿ£

ӳѾûˡ

ŵܴĴǴϻۣʵҲһʮꡣһŭΪգȻˮաʱ磬һ˺֪ˡĵ˵ҪȥѰţ·С۰Ͱ͵ͻ˻ּҿԺš

̫̫ʰŮֻԼڷǰҪо꣬û԰֡˵ȴ˲㡣
ԺƳʵͱ˿̫̫͵ץİѱ

¶ûйϵˣӳ廹άԼˣҲ뱻źҪǰ˼¶ôϳȥ

ҩµʲôҩǶҩôҲûѾͷж˲ǻö˶˵ģһ·ҵСӴˣ˵ŮΪͻǻǺֻּ֪ӳΪ۸İͷôԭίȴǸи˵

̫̫ĻƵģһʵӳ嶼е¡

£µȻǵHҩӳԭάŰ¶ŲôۿĸҪᣬȻæ͡

ô

ˡӳģ˲Ǻ죬Ҫļʱ綼Ҫ̣ˣ·ǸСӿģģû뵽˽ǵˣ

Ҫ̣·̫̫ҪЦˡ

Ȼ

ҿǶɵˣ¶̫̫ؿһһģôˣHҩײ·ҵճ

ͷ÷ײҲ·СӺ˾ƣĶվȡ

úúã̫̫û뵽ͷôһ׮¶أ˵·СӿŻúܣô͸Ůԭ¶ԭǱˣӳ壬Ҿ㣬֪¶Ϊ֮أʲôݣ·ʲôݣ̣ҿ·Сӱ̣ǣ

ĸӳ嵽ϻά磬㲻Ҳ˼ôô˵

̫̫ûһµð

䰲˼ǳ滰˭ѸŮŮϣ

ˣ̫̫Ҫžһϣǰͷ裬ҿҲǰ׶ˣ˶ˣˣѴүȥԺӱ˼




56.  ʮ£ޣ   ţ

Ҫʱ, ĲŴ˶ķζ
ôһɰѾһܴȥ֪ò, Ųżεζ, Ĵ֭֭ϵ, ζڿв׵ļ۾Բү۰Ͱ͵, һŴĶôˡ

ζɢ, ̨¶һƬˮԭ˻û˵ʳˣ쳤˲뿴²ʽʲô

ţ⡣

ϻذ⣬үӾ岻ûšضίû, ɲúúóһ

үӳǲעݺ͹صģʦţ, ͶŸСӾʦͽȻͳһжģүӿԣҶŷȻ
ǶȻܻͷšίҲһ

ǿۿ⡣
ʵ˵ӵȲ˵, ڽ۵˿ûԹţ⡣ǰķʮϲ, ǶŶʮζûʳĪĹõӵ⣬Ǳõϵţ⣬

үӲŲʲô⡣ԹеǻΪˡ
ү˵žи֡ʲôʳģֻҪųǱضζ, óԵĽͷ

һ顣ÿг˵ȭͷôϻϵӡӡүӿ˾֣̲סţΪҪϵߣ

̫ã»ˡһСʰ̨һӦһ䡣

Ůһ⻰һǷż¶ɫĴҲûãͻˣ
˵ţ˸ӹ⵱ڴȥ
һⲻжãЩġһӱǸҲʹ죬һʹƤֱӴˡڳļҲһ㶡ô⣬ȻһӾͲ嵽סǵĶã

үæһһҧȥȻҲˡ

ŷⲻ٣㲻塣ڸʮʳĲھͻζ⣬óԵ˺ܲͷ

һЦŻЦʲõ˳ʱЩΡӣһڶɫ˲ֱˡ
ֽ״ĿڸУȷʵڼһζ̿ڵĿζζͬͷһسʮ־ޡ

ίǰˡ

˵û֪˵Ƿζã

𽵹˵صʱּ񵽱ĸоʺСгո֮߳ˡ˵Ľݴŵͷ­ۿţвЩȽϡǰСʱǷﵽˮƽ

С츳
ŰŵзԼҳϢĴȰСʱҲǱʦʦ츳ޱ䣬ָҲΪһ

Ϊνж⣿һֱû֨үͻȻдһʡ

Ҳһ£˲俴

ΪһնµƳ⣬ŲŹǣԼƳ˹Ϊ֪Ȼ

үӻûʲôն£ʣǱʦţҲˡ

ʦͳ참ʦһصĴֿζţ˳һζҲɢ
ʵ˵ζȷʵ㡣ţζɫҲʮֲүӵȼ˳һ£ȷʵζڵĽţ⡣˵ʲô棬׷Щˣʹ뷹۽Ǹɰ

ԵĽʵѾԣʤ˻ûȣѾûбȵıҪ

Ѿˣôʦӵһ˿ʼЩήһٶû

ȺͽʱҲզˣ˪ƵήҲ񡣸ղų˶࣬м͵͵ȥŶζĺáôһ֭Ƕպųͷȥ

ʦһԴûһʼʢˡ

ȻѾˣǿ̨ϵļίûԱ˵˵ˣʳҲˣȻǵüίҲû˵ԭλ¡Ȼû˵ʲô̬ȴٷܡ
Űŵӱĵٵӣһ𾪡СѾͷŶ󣬾츳ɳöྪˣŲ˽ӱˣˡͬʱҲںڣýġõĻᱻ˷ѣûѾͷô˵ġ룬벻Ĵϸڣ븴̣вʮְա

ˣү׼ţ⡣
ص˴ϵȵţ⡣ʦѾţ⣬ͬһ

Ѿˣһ˲ΪӮֻΪ֤Լ참ʦղģԤһ档

ţ⣬˺ͷЩͬѾעû

ţ⣬Ժֵ︡ľˮţ⡣Ϊ˴ĹھȻѡţԷСûҵֻܶˮţ⣬ǾţԤ˵ȥҲҪˡ
ˮţڣθˬڡţҲһ˳Ĳˡ

С棬ȥһˡ

һֳ˫飬ֳ׼ʳġ估ƹļƻŲȳζҷڳͷһ

ȻŲһˣֱӡ

ûԣЩζˡ

СССССڽֵҴܣȵŵ÷ɿ졣

ûһͱһ̳ˡһĻдܹ

߹˲䣬ԡԭСطȻع֮ˣ
ܹǵؿСߣǸĬģһ㶡׶˵ĶϱòᣬĲ˵ĺ񴺵Ķӣ
񴺵Ķӣ

Թԣ⺢ÿ濡

⻰˵˶ˡΣټĿΡСطȻܡ

п֮࣬Ҳʼ

ܹһָҽһ׼Ƭַţ͸ȥƬǱʦһԺ档˸󣬰ԲŸƵɡɿţָ˲ۣӾͿʼ

һⲻô

氡ϤƣϱӴСͷʦôġ

˵ƽʳȴѵõζ˿ζ⣬žʮϲ

үӸһţ⣬ʦİСȻ·

ЦһӮˣ񵽱ںҲ̿ģסµĲƸ롣̣ϻɵ׼õǺǷۣζ״׵˵ڵţһЩһ˫ƽֲź

֮ǰȽţˮɡ
ûн빽̵ѿˡѿҲһˮŲſʼס

ʹһڹףٽϾƵȶ㡣һɴ̱ǵζƮүӵһζ硣üͷ

ͷϵûռֻùʣʲô

סɵͷˮˮԺٽͷʼͷˡ

õȻģζһŹ˶˿ˮ

ܹƬø⾫׼ֱֺãˮһ¾ˡǱʦصǱϻҪõǼġţ̫ʱһЩ
濴ſƮɢζѵûٱϲ̨档ſˮ̲סⰲƹõʲôˣôζôˣ

ҷµ˷³ˣѵƷ
ű˻ߴ棬ôһţѾˡһȥ͵ŵؾˡ

ӵӻһõµľ¿ӡ

ζһŵеļоͬѹסƵð

ζθ⻰˵ĲǼٵġζ˲ͽүӳô㣬ζղܡһţţƬӾͱ̹ˡ֪ӪöȻǲֻܸ̫࣬гԲŻúóԡ

ʦļҲˡ

Ϳʼˮͷõ档ˮҲܿ죬ȥƮ̣Ȼһ׵ļȥлŪЩС϶ٷżƬţ⡣аζǰͷ˵ףЩ˳˸뱥ģһ뼦͵ʱ

ζţҲ㹻Ӧˡүӳ˼ҵпϡ

ŵֱͷʦҲһĺ֡

ʦȫ̶û˵ʲô԰ŵĳķڷˣ͵ϡٿԵǸģѾԼӮ

ĽȻǰʤ

ʦʦͽһҲɴԸķ䡣ʳûõԺڰŵʳɻüЦ̧Ƴһ۽ӷ·ֵģڵʳǴġ

̨ļ۾һ

˻δڣǽſھͳʳȥʹˣ

һ㶣Ī

գգ۾Щ£Լһ仰ôʶ߸ѵˡ֮ͥ»ñò΢Ц𣺡ԴĲףΪҪʹ

һ¡

ԴĲɫŮ⣬޴ӷ˳һ˳Է·ӣ㲻ʼгͽеʳȥʵǲТ

ǳúô¶˵ţܹô

Ʋ˾ʳƣ˺ͱԵͷһӵĴұͼǰ棬ſھ˵ȥ͵ʳһɣ·ڽѵԼ޶۵ԴƵģʳ׼ֵСǼȥָһӳ磡

ſܹ񣺡˭ˣ

ܹ֪ҲͱȰŶһʬˡ

ţ

Ǻֱӽ䷽鵱ʳȷʵתõ˼ֻҪλļ۸񹫵̸ʱʳҡ

һȻһƬȻ

˵긾üͷţǼдеˣʮֲͬӵΪǸӶŰſһЦˣСѾͷûдȥʡǴ¥£

ԵĴͷβ˾û˵һ仰

żοίϯ̬԰ͽᣬƺʲôŻһЦ֪ǡ

ʱߵߣŶ

еˡףˣݳڴСС̺Ŷҵ¡뵽¥ҿԸһõнꡣ

ûиĴ㣬ֻԼƣҲء¿ʳףʳҡ

𼱣𼱡ӵһЦָͷϳһָݵŵǰµĲҵܶࡣ˾¥ʳջھ̶֣ӡı⣬ȥݳǵһҡǡƹġֻҪǾա

ƳǰָɫӨˮͷӣһǺûûŽֻ֣ǰָǰһžת뿪ˡ

Ҳ˵һڿǸָٿŵϴüͷĹģ˵ܹ˹Ƭ˸㡣ʱʰɾڲָ

ϸոһЩ¡ȻЩǰԲ㹻Ʋ⵽ȫòû뵽ֲڵѾͷĹٻá

ţæ˾ͻȥɡܹ߹ߵ͵͵и¶㡣

תתִ˴һ㶣ôˣ

ܹ̾һʮΣ񷿹ŵЩˣʳһЩ

Ŀһ鵽ʲô

ܹ˿ܣ̨»ֹûɢȥĿǡ˶ೳ֣˵Ҳ󷽱㡣һƫգһ˫濴۾ﶼˣûţȥ˵ɡ

ʵѾµʲô£΢˼Ƭ̣˵ͷ




57.  ʮ£ޣ   ˫һ

ٶɶ˵, ˾ˡ
Ҳûгûʦ˼ʦȻ߹ĲؿΪ䡣Ѿһ, ûҪ侮ʯܹʰ˶ӽߡүʦͽ²ɫζЩδ, Ĳߡ

黹ǵøϽҶҲ᲻, ǴΪء

ү, ЩҲֻգ˵, ʲôŸһȥ

Ҹģŷ彨

˵һľȻ



ʦվڸ̨ϣ黹Щ¡

ʵҲһ׮¶, ָѧĶʦĸ첲Ҳ˵˷Ĵ, ֪˶ĵ󡣿οԹиҵǿǿ֪֡Ҳһ¡

ʦ˭ܹеܵġ
˵س˵رһɲһô򵥡ʵǷʦسǱжҵġһԼͼͽܶȥȲ˵Ǳ߲ýδһͽܺȥδ, ʵãȻ

ͽۼ֤˱Խ, ˵ĻᶼûС

Ըģ͵÷䡣



ܹһлصʳѾʱ

һֱ񷿶ȥ
ǰܹץǼ˻ͷһأһͷԵġŽ谵һɧζ
˹ԺͷȻζšҲ֪ܹʲôֶ, ЩԾòֹͯĻˡһܹ͸Ƶģͷ˿͸һɿ־塣·ܹǸˡ

ſ棬̲ססܹ䣬յʣʲô

ϢܹĽŲһ١΢΢˰˵ǵعûʲôֻǽЩˡ

ǡܹû˵ʲôǱߵļصͷ

Ϊʲôô£ŵǿЩ鷸ƵˡǲܹһӣôЩļһƷġ

ⲻ˵нķ

ȱˣЩֵͬˣûҪΪǶѿࡣһ֪磿ֱܹתƻ⡣

硯һŵɫͱˡ

ܹ״϶ԼĲ²⣬ʵϻǵֱӲźãˣǰָʹ
˹źˡ飬ԥһ¶ֱ˵ˡ

Ŷʱ𾪲ѣ棡

档ܹ񲻻Цǧȷ

ŵĸ첲һ˲˼Ƥּɭоϯͷȫľ飬ȻĲࡣϸ֦ĩڶȥ䣬ǵԭ֮зǵڴ˵ĳԹϱӣⱲӶûСԩ޳ˣΪʲôҪ£

ңԩ޳𣬳˿ͬһӡ

ܹüͷ֣ڲϲˡʱϹ

ˣܹɫȴûкõȥ

һʮͷۡԭ·Ǿ趨ȥҲû취ı䡣֮Ǻ£ҵãһͬĸϥ¡ǰ򣬿ȿȣĳЩһ߶

һƬž

ܹü֮зһ˪ؼô

룬Ҳ롣뵽ԭԭӲľܾûô򵥡ܾԭңضˡ粻һеŮӣô¡ʱ佫ԭڼ˹ݣǶޣ

Щӣؼ֮£ֻܴӳ顣

ܹ֪бضǣͬһŭȴҲǿշ

һصشӲ񷿳Ѿš

ʳطСʳҲûūͣһΧһ÷ֵġʱΧţûһҶӡ

Ÿ߹˯һСߴߴģˣԳˣ

ܹƳһۣСӡ˵Сӽʲô֪Ͳ󣬺ﾫﾫġ࿪ŰŵСһԼȥСһצҲܡ
ڰŵߣһ嵭ϢƮ˹űڷƫͷһܹ˲˲١ܹմһĳۡɹڵİƤûһ˿覴áʱǵؿ

űؾﲻԣϸ

ݵ͸쾮ü䣬·ҲһȾϡüĿ续īȾý˻żһǵ㡣Ϣ֮Ϣͷ

ܹƺ쵽ƫͷЦһ£ôʲô

û

ŵͷһ棬ĪܹյĴڸΪǿʢ

ķһ˳۽ޣ͸۽޵ķ϶սܹŵ۾·𱻹ĳγ棬ˮܵġһ棬ʳЩ̣Ĵ̵ЩףϴĴ͸ˡ

ŵĿ˲ۡ

ڰŵĿɨĴܹڷ¿ӣôˣ

˵˻졣

ǣڲﲻˡܹ˾ȻմˡֲÿôۡղŴһ
Ųǵˣǰ׵ģֺƲǡ

һͷںڵͷһʮµľ޽Щ鷢롣Ϊݸһ˿֮⡣̣̲סʳԼɻ󣺡ҪȥôΪͻȻó

ܹȻһ

³ʳסûġ߰ƥĸһƥó¡ƳѱĿʽҪÿＸ˵Ѿͽܹһƥףһƥࡣǰûʱóˡ

ܹ赭һ٣ָֻƽҪ·ˣѾʼˡ

ſ

صͷȥԡ

Ƭ̣ûܹϿʲôƲƲջߡ

ܹ˼̫˿ǰۼ¶ġֻѪ봩·ϾżҲ봩·ʱǱҲûܡһΪ׼õʳûˣ۵Ļšûʲô¶ҪæͻطЪϢˡ

һߣСӶ͸

һ˫յأ졣Сӳ˰ţ˭ס㷽ôϺõˣֱᱻӾ͸ƢСƵģ鲻ûˡ

һͱܹץˡ֫ڰץκȽ̫̣߲ܹ񣺡ˣҪ˯ץҸʲôſңſң

Сӵóһأɾû¶

ʵܹ۾˸ź⣬Ƣá

СӼش˸ʵˡ



СƨһߣܹŽյķţ̶ͷ˿ԼһɫۡЦһҲû˵ʲôת뿪

ʳĶӮسǵĴʦ¶մֵ˶֪ԴʳԺʲô˶šǱȷ˻İţʱʱҪصǼ䡣°Ųţ˥Ļ˵ñ
ϳŵʱſڻ˶ţһ˶ûУŶˡ



ͬʱʳǰߵڽһȦҵʳʱ̧ɷĸ֣ԥƬ̧̣Ƚ

ûʲôˣþֻжžžવز̡һ͸үӲ˼߽æ±ʾЦ˼Ǵסꣿ

ڰ֣ǶҵĹˣ鷳ȥͨһ

Եȡæɫ

ȥͨһϺպһĶæǰӹȥָ͸Ͻܡ
ϺûģȻǲϵáãȻشã˵ԼӵԨԴŻȻЩǷڴţͷ˴򽻵ࡣֱ֮Ϻͷ˾ЩûšʱȻһԳӵˣ棬׵ͷһ˿һǹ࣬ʱͺм־ȡ

ңҾʳҡ

һȻоֹϣе㲻šƹ񹧾ģǵɫʡġһ񴺵ĸˣ֪ڲڣ

ǺˣϺһԼĪţ񴺵๫

⻰һüͷšôᡣ

;̬ųԴ˸ǸġһǷӵ๫޲ýϺȻϺоֹѾȫﵽĵطӣٿǰˣһƵܡ
ʮϳǸģµӹĲãȴҲû뵽Ǹȳӡ

ң÷ϺӾִٲȥ񴺽г

Īţȥʲô˾㣬һǿһϺһʼ¶ӣ͸ϣȥֱԵֶϱССͣղ𴦻ûߵģʱգܳΪ

ᵽţϺн̬Ⱦͺ˲٣Ȼǲһ㡣

ԼûʲôϢһһϢϺų̬ȣɫЩڴÿ̨ߣʱһ̲ЪϢãǻָ˾񡣸ܹһǰһؽ

һǹ޵̬

λվŷӾЦˣʱǲǴˣ

ӿʱϲѣűӾͼعѾжʮûмˡǰжߵĴҴһ涼
ʵϣմǱ߻ӵƵܡڹȥˣȻһ׮¡ӹòãٱǲġҲãҲաԽϵĸоԺһںææµµһӰ磬æµŽͷǵɬԵζѹȥ

ʱֽ֮ܵľȻˣǺö겻

һ䡮硯ǵ۾ʱʪˡ

Ӧһͷ

һŷԼȻͷҲЩᡣĬĬԵضãǧڴʱĮȻŲߵĶ׵ͷƵϵøʮ˶١
¶κ˶ܳʵȥԹĿ඼һһϡ

ԣ̾һ˻磺Ӻ治⺢ӡ
˵ţĿ䵽ܹϡ

ԶȻƼܹӣۻ軨ôġڸǰһ̧ͷܹ٣һ

ܹƤھһжȺģ˿һ۶סĳ̶ȡ˵һʮֳԾտŶʱʱƻһ¡۶ضܹһתͷƳϺص˺üΣɫͻȻùŹ

˵ĵĻĳ࣬ôڵĺӡ

ɫЩɣֹġ

֪Ҫ˵ʲôͷҲҵĺܣѵùܹߣšȥЪϢɡʳ÷ģɡ

ãġ֪ǻ˾ͷˣͷһܹ

Ҫȱס˸첲á

˵ıӰãֱ˱Ӱʧջ

Ŀ⿴ǿ뷨ŵǵĺӡ⺢һͳ󣬲ǷˡһǰͷӴɽﱳģ˶ӡͷȥĩдģϱ

Ȼϵˣ˻Ǿ᣺ûкô

УˡӶ˼ʮ꣬ǻᵶƵܣң˻ңһҲšˣΪع°뱲ӡ

û뵽ͷһ⣬﹣˰졣ЩñطĻҭɤۡ

ã̾һ˵ˡ

磬Ϸûôġ
ĨĨᣬǣЦŶǴϻĺӡţʮ֪ͼĺúӡǼң̶¾ͽǼҴӴӸɵϡȥһһԲϱҸͷӶϳˣ˵ˣڵֻԽԽáտڵˣֻܰӲġ

žǸѾͷְ
ϷһЩųڣҲϸŵġŵƤҲ˵ټòֻ˲ʰԵû˵ġ
ţ̲סҲ̾һǳҲŶ

ȻܹǰֹţȷǷһ첻µزµľɾ˼ұѹųĹοһĺաָĸĵӣСְֽŽ̳ģ²䵽

µû׵ӣ̾˿ѻ˵øЩסġҪˣǷô죿

һ䣬ð˭Ҳ˵

ô졣ãϺſ˿ڡ

ϺһʼЩңѾôϹսˣٶغҲôϲ̨档һ㣬׵úܣڸôôӴؼңÿ²ѰƹáǵûƹҲԹ

˵ԺõĺܣҲƹˡ⻰Ϻ˵һ۶ӡ󲻺õĹۡԭΪǸΨΨŵŵȳӣ⻰ƺԻ

Ƴһ۷ӣѾͷҲͷҲ˵ǵɨ˵Ļ

룬ǵһ䣺ѾͷϾҪʳףǿɵ÷ŵ㡣

ӱŵģı£ҪҲϺоܲڣ·źܹΪ˺ôƵġȫƾģôƣ

Ϻôһ˵һ¡
ӺҲӣؿЩ˵ķϺǰѻѹȥѹȥȴˡϾҲǺⲻôⷿԵģ֮ǰĶûѪԵĺУӽһߣѾͷ뱲Ӹô

ӲÿɫŽһµģǲ˵ʲôˡ

תһҲǣƾѾͷҲ׵ĺܡȥֻҪ¶һ֣ٴľ¥˵ȥڷңæµһͨԭϿʳǱȻû˦Ϸ

ˣи˵ԵҲǳһֳĽǶȿǰˣǵĸںͷء

Ҳ˵һеģӷ޸ǰͷɡں̨棬ܹ粢Сʳ̯ӿŵ飺Сʳ̯ӵһͷͽ
үүϱʮ껹Сʳ̯ǮӲʮ꣬ȻҲ

ѵģôţʳ׸߼ȥ⣬²㹻Ҫ׬ǮͲܾһַ

ȥ̸ܹѧԴ

ԡܹ˵۾òԹɫ˼Ǹڱ˵ĵ߱ԵĿġź֪֮һͷ룬¡

ܹ΢΢һЦ̸Ҳǲԡ

һԶջļˡȻش˸ս




58.  ʮ£ޣ   īߺ

һ, ʦʹһͽʳ
һģһʮͷ渾ˡһŷγ۽ǵ, , һദģ
˲, ʦڸǵĴ󶫼ġΪʳԭԭʮþȵı, ˲, ʱǱһɻء
ʦسǸɻȴĴʦִֵúܣҹΪ˲֪еİ취, ʦȴҪߡԴʡԺûԹı񣬱һҹ, صһҪ棬ʳĶҸҲա

ŻաɻΪʲôգգЩ˸ôáǶ֮̿ĲĿǰЩ˻ѵʦǹžֱӽµģЩ˽źܷġ

ʦ϶, , ʮһ¡֪ʳƹԤ٣ſھһơ

ŻûڣʦԼ͵£ұɣƹĲ̫Ϊѡ

ı˸ȷƢӲʦЩ㲻Żûȥأͷˣ

Ҳ֪Ըķ䣬ˣȻ͵ϡ

㣡

ŶʱЦˣ㲻ص, ұȻǡ

ʦ仰͹ˣһͽܸȥ١

Ƣһ࣬عصĺܡߵýһɴ䣬иָŰŵıӺð쾹Ȼ֪˵ʲôʳ߲ƣԺɻ˶ˡһôˣ³ԿֻԼ

͵͵ʦһ䡮Ը¼Ťͷˡ

⻰ͲˣʳԸ¼
İ֣ʱ̲ס׷ƨɺ˺üҲ֪˻֪ǿѹסͷߣܵķɿ׷ϣֻգʲô˰

һֵǷܹ꣬磬ʳԤʳҪϢȥҲ֪ôģһʹԭ򡣾մ߻̶Ӷ̲סʶ¶ǲġжЩ̶Ӷ֪

ȻġЦеģƹ㣬ֻҪ۸ʾġ

̶ӵһתͷͽ¶øԶҲ˵Ϊ㣬سǵƹʡǵƹǧϹ˵ʳƳһ²ˡ⡣

˴ûԹ찡ʳĶسǵĴʦԣǿӮġֵЩ۾ͷϵʡΣɼóԡǼҾ㸻ԣģҧҧһרˡ

Ҳ˵ʳⲻ𱬣ų˿ڸ̸ĳء
ؾѡֵ棬λƫһЩ۸˲١ⶫǵȰĶⶫҪ̼ҡ

ǩ飬Ǳ߾ͻٿʼй

米ɵܴΣУһͷϵвû취ݡԭ׸жĸҲЩ¡ȵĻ׳Լؾǰ¶ԭǲԸġȴòı⡣
ݲ⣬Ƶ£̫ױ⡣Ǵض࣬࣬Ҳ֪οڵİšԭԭıһưͷͷζɲ

ˣȸǮҪ

ַһԱͱϸϡ
ŸӺͷϺһһΪ˻صȥ¸үӣ͵ʹӸڳųӸйϺ

ǰŽӵ˷ƹԭš˵ƵЩ㳦ԭ˲ķЩȥûŵͱ̶ӷʳһաǳԺδһֱƹδܹЩ㳦

ƹ˼ʳܲ⣬Ҳ㳦ۡ

ŵй뷨ҲŪƹǲŹκһ׬ǮĻģȻһڴӦһ׮¡ζ̫ɧˣǴ˸СӸＸ飬ܷǰҵķ

ǲץЩؼңڼԼģȽҪĲǣ
ǸǸʲôʲôǿ˵׼

û¶˵ü򵥣ʵѡֳôøģһãǴʧ㲻Ƿɢհˡ

¶飬֮򵽺ʵ⡣

ƹǱ߼ȻˣȻҲ¶дţһҪһǧ⻹ģǷ̶ͬӡһ͸˶ʮ

ܵ飿Ϻţشˣģ

ֻһǸŮѡֻǰŴ÷ȥһ˷ͷЩĸ˺úÿһǵȸɻ¶ٵġϾۼҸǮҪеˣȻöԵǮǡ

Ȼ֪ѵĺܣǿȥɲ£صүӽ˼͵ʹӡЩܵʹӸ˾Ŵ˾ʲô˼һˡֻбȰԤϵĸá

Ҳ˵Ӵȥйǳһͷ˵ҪĻӡ

ǰյˣѾ͵Ҫôãþ硣ŮûλֻЩ

һζ͹ת۾ǰ¹ȥ
Ȱ߰źãõŶسǾ¥ƹѾִԭÿ컹˲ˣɰѻΪʦıѷŭĸòᡣ鴫ŻݳǣԲߣֻһһûô죬ӿɵȲˡ

ʳ׵󱻱ߣɵӲͷƤҲˡ

˵뵱գܹʳ˸ĵĻ

ŵ֪¶ĵʱɵˣһνʸǵػܹ̽񡣲ֻõ˸Īŷġ˲ǴģֻӶࡣ

ܹ֪Ǹڰܹ̫࡮ϴ񡯣׬Ǯ··Ҳϡĵĵգصؽʱӳʱϵ˿ʱһЩƹıҹģùʱҲͷۻܹҲʳѹÿһӵĲ跹Ǯ

ЩƹˣһҲˡҪʳףȻ̬ȶ

һϵĶǰģĺ춹̲ţ㣬⣬ŶĻûʼͽЩ˳ԵĸĨͣ֡

ʵʵĶڳЩ˶ʳ׵͸Ӹǡ

ⲨԺ۸Ҳ̸ˡ˫ֱأײײܹĸ첲

ܹ۽ǴЦһصͷƹĽ̵úá

һ̣Ťغˡ

ķôⶫĿ̫ˣڼƹĳһڣֻûꡣȻϲ⣬ȴûԹȿڸе⡣Ǵ۽磡

Ϊ˽ΪƣƲס²˸ϣȻһʱղŻῼСūˣܵģǵƹҪҲǲǿļ۸񹻣ǻġ

֪С͸¶˿ڷ磬ŷƹ˼ɾͶ
˶ɵöᱻʶִǧ궼ľףֲȻ˿ֵ̲ҲһǺóʳˣһ뻹һ롣һж򣬺Ժܹеغ̲裺⻹ءǽˣϸ˵һ˵¶

һֱܹô˵߽ò࣬ŲŲæس

ܹһŷΪ̳ģֻôһͷн겻غ̲˾ͳͳˡ

ܽܵ͵ǳɣɰɡ

ܹһʼ̬ȣ˸׽ܣԶɰϼӣ˭͸˭ǩԼ




59.  ʮ£ޣ   ġ

Գζ, Щ˷ֵֵ֪Ͷʱ
ò˵ʳζȷʵޡ˵һӲ˾ûζõġʳĶȷʵһױ¡гʳҵ, Ǵӳһбʳ׵ļֵһԤܹ߳ͱȺƹΧ

ŵһЦ, ½Ͳ, ܹԻᴦá

²ֹʳ, ˵Ҳڳ֮СԱ, ڸպѡ˵¶ܲˣ᲻һ۾ܿóʱȥֳ, ɻģæµ֮ʱܽӵ»ص, ǻ㵣һ

û뵽ŰЧʡǰĻ˵ûգôѾˣ

ǣǣͷҪҪˣ˵ҶҲʮŴԴȥǣʮ, ƽʳ, ͳһڲˣҲˣĲص˵ԭ˵ϾʱȥĵһʱȥʱȥҲá
ǸʵɻˣһֻһݹһĲá

ҲشǵĻ֪Ĺ, ģҼȻôȻеͨȽˣҪԱŲն

ŸһŶ裬Ӷʱͷ
תһ룬ԼʲôҲû֣ô׵ɹɡƹ˼ֹǳɣÿ»á¶̫̫ˣﲻ̤ʵ

żʵѰɴҵʮ£ҪǱ߻ûдǵУȥҴһˡɹ˲ܲײˣˡ⼸ͷЩѾɹøˡȥЩܾ

һлɣƹҷģæͷĻ͹ȥ

ãҲûԱҾôǱߵĳֳġ䲻̫ɣȴҪ²õġкܶƻҪʵʩһæ䡣˿ջȥơ񿴹ɵĻʦǸضĴͽܡͽܾúܣܸеġ

Źȥʱ١ͽǹ¶ʱȥͽȻҲǸյġʵϣͽܶġȻͽܣʵû

ƹˣۼ⣬Ÿһͷˡ

վ޺ãġ

ŲûգѾ̽ȺҪЩ䶯ĵط͸͸ġҪſڣͽŲŤٱûסղⶫʲô˼

£˲Ű˲šͷϵĻУЩȴɡ

Щһգžֱȫȥʦһͬһ˿ϡʦͽܾͽҲܵ񻨡ζǲСֻ˵˵ļܵûڳϡյĹ۲죬ٸʺϹӡ

Ļ㶢ˡ򣬡ĺûĹǮҹ

۾һɣСƳŰš

صģ΢΢һЦԲġ

ǲܻ֪ܹôģһ㣬ļҾ¥ȫɹɵļ۸ȥġֲĲ֪ôɵġŻĻش˶Щ£Щû

ܹ̲סЦΪҪҵ

㵱ǵ棬˵˾ǰⲻ۸ͬʱĸˣ

ԣˡܹͷ𣿡

ôļͬʱʲôط

ҹܲţܹǳǳһЦӸλͿˡ

ţԣķ緶

ⲻķ緶ʤϸʹ˲֪ɧĲںͷɹɵĺسǵľ¥ʳǾͲһˣɰɡҧԩͷպþġ

Ǹ¥ƹ񡣡ܹ񵭵һЦ¥˵һƲӡء

ûʲô˼ôˣ

ôܹ̲סһ°ŵԴ񴺡

һ£ʱ˵졣

ǲǾúܶ죿ܹһ裬ǸʡǵĳҲʡǵġƹ񣬽ʮͬꡣ

˼һģǸĸô

ֻ֪ܹԾԿ϶ǣضйϵġ

òǻ˹ӵǸżҹɣ

˵׼

ԭû뵽һ߹ݵıԽзԼ֪ⱾѾǴɣݲܴ󣬵֮ҲжʮسǺٶׯãã˺ȫµɺϷ·ײһʱʮ껹ܽ˵Ҳ̫ɺЩ

ô˵ŸʣͻȻӱŪȥżҴŮżҴ嵽һһصһʱǾԻزģŶܻ

ܹȴ˵ɲ飬ĵԭ϶ĿġĿĲһиϵ
¶ұˡܹ񽫲ˮƵǰȺȿڲ󡣡

Ŷ˶٣һڡٽãѪԵϵʵҲ˵׼ġ

ʱ۵ķЦشżҴϻѾӿˡ
ӽտν緢ϻظЩ軧˻Ҫ硣뵽һӵĸһ۰Ͱ͵ؿѡѡֵ֮ǰϲΧһķСֻԼһûôĻϱˣվȺͷֻܸɿšǰʹĵģеıƾ类紵һ泩

ǰδܹü̧ͷͦصζ񫡣ֻýŲƮƮģ˵е˲١

ˣϺҲࡣŷҸ˸¶ɢͯӲࡣ

治ⷽôġӾô׸˼ÿ¸ǰ׸ʮ⡣ļҵ̶ûô󷽵ġϺڴܵǰδеĻӭźֵܽϸŰͽᡣζɱüˡ

ǰһ罻׼󷿺ɢӣϺͽöҪһˡô껹ͷһϴҳԷϱһȺҵСطСζˣ

Ŷ˼ƣӵʱЩ
ڲŻصʳһ·СҲû÷ģȥԺЪˡһľζͲµ˽Ǹ˻ˡϺƽʱƵģͳں̡ʲô˵ò˵¶Żһ⸱ģҲѵá

æ͵лȥЩ㳦ƹʮӵĶҪһǧ㳦ƽæ¶æ¶ָ׷ٳĹ㳦㳦ǴųԶļƻָŷƹܽȥٺøһ㳦

СһٸͷС滹æ˲ֳԶǰͥĻЦ

ʹүӼҵʹӣ֪ϺûڴԿûܡԭʱȷľһ÷ȻѾ˯ˣǾȳԡС˰ŵĻϴ֣ūȥ˲ˡ֪ĶСӸֻСҰèƵģһ̵شſڴܽ

ܵÿ죬ƨɺͷңңʲô˵߳

ܹһס׼Сӣ͸ƨһƣʲôȥ˱׷

Сʳ⼸ղ֪ŴƨɣѾƣˡŤ˼СӣͼܹߡκŤ黨ҲҡָܹͷֱƣЪʲôûиɻ£ÿζץңſ

·ӲҲûŪס˲ӣСе㷭ۡ

ܹĸ첲ϽССӽŲؾͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲֻȹڲųһţĳô˸档Ųһ٣۾һڰȹӺͷСӣСҰĶܣ

СӶĳƺ̲ܲסðͷָһҰ

ıһã־ץ

ţӱصúܡץøһĺӣ˼ܡһ׷Ļ֮оײ˷ӵĸǰûע⵽ӣͷظҲû״ſھ͵񴺰ǲˣ

һ䣬Ȼһ

Ǳ㶣Ťͷ硭˭

ס죬Ѿͷƺš

ȥĽ⣿۾ɵϴһ˫۶ɳͭ壬ٵİɣ˶ö꣬ôСط

˵ţ˳ȥע⵽Լķӡ




60.  ʮ£ޣ   ±

Фĸ, ԺĸסĴ˷ãǰһͼغϡ˵ĸס

Ǽ, , ĸ, ʵǳġ

Ȼ, ҲǷӡһչɼĸһߴ粽ι׵, 粽룬ĶĶҲǷΪ޷ĵԵʡĺӡ䲻ãȴһһιġ
ûĸ׵˲, ԼĺӣûѪԵϵҲ᲻¡
ӼǺʮŰ, ȴû취ݼڡ֪԰뱲Ĺ𻨲ƽľ㣬һ£һ£ƫĵġΣ֪ľʡҲ޷̹Ȼԡ

ȷû˺, ùŹ֡
ϲ, ϲΰ롣ϲǣʧʮ׽˻ţ֮꾹Ȼꡣǵ׽ˣŵЩҵǲҪ֣ϾҵĲҵûжҲȻӦü̳Сǳ㣬ΪָǾ֡
ĵĺʱˡ

˼һңûע⵽ɫļ䶯³ԿĹ, ٿһģǹԽԺӡ

оĬ˼ϢĺȻЦǰȥһסӵ֣˫Ŀʪ󣬼ϲ㣬Щ㵽ȥĶˣԺҵĺÿడ

ӶӱܵƫȴǱһġ㡯˲ۿ

ͲǶôӲˣЩҲӹ⸱ӡⱲӻϣȨûáǸ߹Լʮһ棬һ仰½

һ԰ܹһۣ˴жǹȻ

ӹ˲ĺӣֲ˵ġĨһᣬӱ컹ǡӦһ

һǣԺȥ

˵˽ҲøšϺվţΪҲ˸վšæ˵ӣºȲ衣

ϵģһջ衣
ջǰġƽ»ġϾСҲûʲôúȵĲҶľջ˲ϣ嶾𣬳ζͷʳﵱˮ
ͷԵضţѵĻ˵˵ˡϺǸˣ˸˵裬һĻ˵

üͷ˲˼˼ؼһ鳢һ¡

һ۾ؾһǵͷЩһˣʳģɫʮϲˡֵؿ˿ڣʲô

Ϻеߵͷܾõ㣬Ƶ⸬ĥʱġ

һһ飬ͣ졣Ϊζʵ̫á

Ǹöܿӣضܴ

ſڱտھ⣬Ϻһ£ֻ׬ǮҲûæƳǹ㳦СС¶ҪҲס

˵ͿöáߣϰŶְѻȥ
ȳʲôʺˣϱؼҸζ⸬õٵһһȥ׬ȴڲͣζܲܳϾʹζЩɻֻܳϣĳ̫

ֶϱʲôõĴ㣿
Ϻ˵ȴϲš츳бµĺ󱳣Ǹ˶ϲ

΢΢һüͷĴʲô˼

ҲС̸δˣ˵ţԹԾͽȥ֪ɣʡʢǳġԣҲڡ

գգ۾ôˣ

ôˡһڲ裬ϳǼǰ˵˵ϵ츳ҹ껹Сʦѧգܰ˳ˣտɱϹ׽ҪͳĶࡣôֶϱ룿

룿еĪʦ

š°ͣѣ˵ʹ˵мֱ档

ŶҲðʦȻлЯҪԼһ˷ʽ

һھܾҭˡĲ豭˰ΣȥǻҲ˵ˣͷͷѻȸűܹ˽˺ףͷһֱۡͷ춼ˣӲŸִӺԺ

һ˫۾׵ƺңҲòĶȥ
ýȥһԺ׽ˡ

ӣŷӵֺðŷſԭظǸʳһɫҲЪ˼˵ЩĿѣãѵЩΡ

估ˣŵ̲סݺݵһ۷ϺǸûµ˲Żô࣡

Ϻһ۵ɵ￩һ¡Ϊôˡ

ȫûиϺк˼ֻķӵ֣ǽ㣬ͻȥˡع鲻ʱһǾ͵뿪ȸȥǣ۽ٺú߶߶

ӸлصͷĨ˰Ὣ͵ſڡ

ִ࿴ʵġſ˵˺һŷֱҲøϺ۵Сۣϵ⸬ȫװڴϡ

·ӵʱ˵ʲôֹסҲҴ뿪

ĴæߵҲæʲô귽˶üͷɿСż̲סþûгԹˣˣǳԹӣ

ӣʲôӣ

һԣʰһ뿪үӵĶȹӶ¥Դ

ţ

˶٣̲סЦСС

ԹӣȻϻЫӡһ磬趼гϡãóףָʹСȥʰزˡؽôʵزˣժ̡ȥˡ
ʦЩ·ֽš󱻰ſȥƬ⡣

ɱģʵúܡû⣬ʣһͷšתԺⶼҾ÷šſô˰š룬һƬ̣һһ£

ҪģʦǼͽһ̽ͷ̽ԣñŽȥ⡣Լеĵϸÿ˵һպ

պַ꣬ɿ죬ĺˣԿɾͽ䲻

ԴðƳԺ󣬳ʮ겻Թʳ߲ŵζûʼԣѾˮġ

ܹĶҲȥһ۾ضŰſ

үһƵûɻء

ܹջүӶһۣҭҪؼа¶Ҷ˵Ǳߵżʮ𼱣ʲôƵġ˼ô˻յ⣿

ϷΪβ⣿
үӷ״򲻶ϲߵģкóԵľ͸ϲߣϷһˣǻôæ

ˣ

Ҫߣյ¶Ϸҹֲߡ

ţаȣͻȥ˯

ʱգͷڰǰơǲ䷽һӵĻʳӾˣһϰʦͽڡϺҲƣˣûʲôľηżϺܸүӴ仰˼ͬѼģĵһȥ

һ˽׷⴮׼ԡͻȻˡ

Ǳ̶ӣԭˣһͷëһ˫۾뿪ĵ졣ڰ߸ϲߵСӲ֪ôΣץϢؾˡ

ܹСӵıӰ̧վſ۾ֱ￴Ĺһ

ʳôȻ壬˵һĴٻͷ˴ʮݻϴ˷ǳ觶׹·׹һҡһΣҵ̶Ӿŵͷȥζ֪ǲ

үſӻûԣ⻹ǳԣе
żĿƵضŰš

ȻŻǵͷˣʳ͹ٴסꣿ
ʳû᷿ѾүһʮʹӸռˡ¥ϵǿճ᷿̫ĻҲס£ҪסĻֻʣ᷿ˡ

ʵסĶǱǱ߿ϵܲˡԼһʮأʳ϶ס£ֻҿջóԵģָſϵ⴮ô;·գǡҹѼꤡ֪ƹĿɷһ£

һƺǴӣվһˣ

ʮĸˡͷǲס꣬һٺõġ

ʮĸ˿ɲСĿһϯˡŶʱˣ˵ţʳ˳үһжˡǮ׬ɵ⣬۸񲻱ˡʰҲԭƫϣҪԣһٲֻ򡭡

ްģ˸ӿʹˣ˳־һӷڹ̨ϣǾȥš

ԼĪʮҵĻƽ𡭡׵Ǵӡ

ϺɴⶼˣվҪȥţȥֻʣ²һֻ⣬ЩҪȰţȥżһˣֻ

ֻ򲻹ģֻҲվҸһ߰ɡ


ϷڵϹģźǳ¡Ⱥͽû£ŸɴǸϺһȥ¶ͽȥ

Ϻ׼æؾⶼûھʹ׳Сȥˡ

һߣҲÿͷȣǶ

屾ȥջ٣תͷٻ⡣ζʵ̫ˣǵȲǾͽ񶼶˴ýһȺ˺ſٳھ׼ȥæ۽Ƴ˶ʲô

ǡ̤ЬٴǴɡЩһܵúںĶôôðŷһ״Ƽ⽷û죬ϸһһع֦ϡҶҲЩɣġ

棬ҪܹۼֿһѸסſǶһ˲Ͳ˹ȥǴĶŪģ

ڽͰ͵ģһû¶һߡ

ʻӺףû̫װôòݸȤ˵ݣ

ԣе㼤ⶫ

ǱһĴ½һֲֲҲ滨ݵһ֡һ̴ʱǸ̶ӵͷ˳ָġһϡĲݣҲСÿġ˲ΪõԭȥݲЩúܣһ·߹ˡ

Ĳᣬúչ˻ܻ

ƹϲ滨ݣ

±ֵ̫˼ңֵصͷʮϲ

ⶫȥʡǾҪƹϲ͸ɡ

⻰޲ð˵˹ŬлǣлʮϲΪлյĵ͸ˡ

ǵأԷǮ쾭塣Żû˵ͱϣͷڰֵǿòҲˣǹҲˡ

žûôˣ⣬ҲǶӼˡ

һ̰Ÿɴཫ±˵ͷóˮȶǲϵ˾ⶼЩණôԡǰűŲ˷ѵԭȫɺóԵԤԵġö˳ȵ棺⻹һȳԵȵƵ档

˵ϵӦˮ̶ӵ˵ûɻ䡣óԵǾͳԣʲôĲλ

Ȼûɻ䣬ЩҲǵһؼ

ӵģӼ±󳦶Щϵãʲô⣿




61.  ʮһ   Ҳ˯˯񷿣

ˮ˲ͷһس, ±ˮȷʵһµǱ±ķӣʮķʳ±۵ʳг˰ָСȦպһһЩţԵö, ȴû⡣֮ûȵŵĻشӳζ

±ķǳζ, 󳦱ζġζе, Ǻѽܴ󳦵ζһЩ, ǵζһֶصĿζ
ʵ˵, һȥڸȷʵе֡ǽŽţζԽԽͷۣͷ;, ڸн֯һʮֵ˼ͷ˼ӣһ׾¶, ͻȻζƹģ⻹ộ

ͷ͸˵гָȵϸֱͷƬŪУغͰʵ轴衣ԵǿԴࡣ
ʵϣ˶ܵͷ, Ⱥ˲ɻ䡣Ȼÿڸ΢Ź, ʤζáǳô⣬ûѷܻġŨζ׺˵ĭҲܾݴζЩζ̼Ĳںϵһζ񫡣

ò˵ŵպһһ˵ζ

±󳦲࣬Ϳһѡղһֲ˰ķϣŴ󷽵ؽʣµİҲԼ¾Ƶģ͸λʶ, Ǯ

ͷ󷽣ɹЦƹĴչ⡣

ֺһЦԺæſ

еСһӾ졣
Щⶼǰǰģһ˿ζƮ˼ܲ˯жҪѡôˣʳⶼˡ£ʳζڵͷӽĵóٲȻҪڳһ

ĵſڿ˱ˡʳģʳôô˲һϵ˭Ҳͥ䣬׼ȣֵúܣ

Ϻϵϣһ·ϵ÷ɿ졣
ʮӵǮ¿˵ȼˣϵȥҴ塣

ãŻû˯ȦĸιˮϺ⣬ץֻʰþĻصظһЩﶼȥɽܡͷִ󣬳Ҳ׳˶Ϻ˰Ʋס򣬸ɱ
ʳչ⡣Ǹ֪ͼˣɴ͸ɱ

ʵĻɱ硢ֿζʵû˱߶С˶ʵζġǳţҲǿζȴ

ƹûпȥ⣿ͷˣкһƹúĵߵæµİ۶ע⵽һ˫۾ڣżգƼһ˿εȴĴӣ⾹ȻǸʵˡ

ĿӣҲǲע⵽û˵ƹȻǸʮ۵С

һ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾پµټ̧ͷںڵͷİƴһֻʮգ۾Ũܵ۽ĺ

ƣģЦۿɼ֪ƹĹգ

ſʮƽķϣЦʮֵУհš

ţһ֣Цеصͷպһ֡

Ŵһ٣˲ŤԴֱؿǰĴӣ

ԣԭ֣

ǽˣ

һ㶣ɫǣ֪ƹο

ﵹһ

ԽôãԶ飬ûԶ¼ŶԼǴһŮС˵û뵽ôãȻжһѻŮ׷ᣬ鲻٣ΪȢĳж

˵ŮⱾǸˬƤСԡŮϱңⱲƾֶδڻңϱĶĵս㣬崿̬ӮһȨƵġŮȴƽһмᶨѡ
ΪһλȨصӵĶ䣬жǸŴѪͳĽ塣УڽѪĵһλ̳ʧԺƿ˽

ǸԱҲҰĵɫλ̶ʮ꣬ĴбһϵСչһȼǿ˵Ȳϴ븻ģǿʢսı߽ȵôǳء
ⶼ˵ãϺʱ򡣴İѵһľ䣬ں⡣ٴ磬ҲӲıԵ

иźţųٴҲǰ粻ܺԭ֮һκеİ¹⡣ҲС

йں࣬жֻΪݹغȨ졣нصİĽֻƷٵŮָƽȴھǹȦӻޱȡʺ֣й˸Ҵùͷ

Ӳӣб۾δĽڵĴɫĻѣԼʯ觵ʵ벻˻Ϊ˰Ȣ

ȣӣԭûа㽻ġʵʱԭͷˡûнˣȻҲûаͽ˼֪ҡ£

ͷʲôϣɷ֪ңŰһ˫۾۾·ǳֻС۾ߵɫ峺

űסˡ

˶٣ȻжСƢ̣̲סΪҪʳ

ʣգգ۾Ϊ׬Ǯ

ԣŵͷǡʳʲô׬Ǯ



΢΢һЦ̧˸ơʾϽ

˫ֻؿűߣŵƻԴ̲סšƻҡҷ֮£һ˫۾ˮܵģɫʮָ׷ɣ÷ǳ졣Ȼûʲô飬Ա˵ҲӦ𣬵СĪ͸һ֡Һܽĸо

һЦ°ͳЦƹƢƲð

ҲƢãҪǶûƢáʱҪطģǲ»ֱҪǮ㣿

͹ɻҪЩģزζҲͦŶ

Ҫ˵ܹһ̴õסߡ
˵ӣһž⵽ˡվڽ䣬Ƥڵøҹܷһ㣬Ϲ˲ſȻȻסŵ֣ƺָͷЩףӦؽеǩÿȥЪһ

ʱʱոոָԴģϰˡȻؾȥһţĿȻؾ䵽˵ϣֲˡ

ⶥһת뿪

ܹӴ̧ͷѻƵ۽ް븲֮ϣ뵵ͫɫġ˵ıӰԶȥŤͷ尲ǳǳһЦţҶ˱ˮڿʡ

ŲЪһͱָʹŶ˲ˮֹһĻתȥˮ

ܹȻ˲٣ʵûк͸Ǳҩ˸ӣ඾ڡЩӱźóԺúȵţҲֻǿ׳Щʵӻ顣Ƕ˼ӣҹ˯߼ǳƽԽĶע⡣ˮ٣ԺͲմˡһ趼ڵ˯ţ˯þͻҪȳ¿ˮֻ̡

Ÿ˵Ȼ̣˹ʱܹڴ⡣ǽھȵϸָȫϣҲ󷽱㡣ǹζҲšż㣬ɴͷι

ܹǹǳǳسһ̡

ôЩۡȻ²ŸܹĶǺõġǳԶ˲ãͷŵĶǴȻҰۡ

ܹ۽ڸǵﶼϸЦû˵ֻɺһ´մŵա⧲һϴĴ顣

űͶһ߾ͼˣ˲伯ܹĴϡ

ǸʮʺϽǵĴﲻʱ˵ðһ仰ͣ˼ϢȻعûԼӸɳ찡ﵽĥʲô

Сܹϵ仯۵ףɫѹǣŶ˸ߵ㡣

ź˵ߣǾٸ˵㡣

һ̺˰죬ǱⶼҪԲˡһֱֱ꣬ʵһСһĨܹ֮´³죬ȻתͷߡܹıӰ۾

ȻŤͷ֪ʱܻˣϵ˲䡣
һգۣķ緭飺˺£

Ƿ֣ⰲƹСǸƲ磺Ǳߵⲻԣõ㡣

ܹһüͷһ£ﶼ߰ɡ

ӱӣһˡ



ò˵Щȷʵܳ⡣ֻǳԵֻʣһֻŴڹ϶õ߰˰ˡ˶ãһȥ

һæҹŰһȺ˸ߡʳȣѾµ졣Ϻͷʹʵڶס;ͱŸȰȥЪϢʦżͽҲæ˺ð죬ſʱ磬ҲʰȥЪϢʣµĶʰ

ʦԴʳ̬ͱúܵͣǰ˵ʲôʲôٲȻԼһѧͽǼͽܾ͸øɻ﷢š

ȥ˯˵
˶࣬ʳӲ࣬Ƕ⸽Ժסģ߹ȥһʱء

ǿˡ

һߣæؽ͵ŪЩò׵õĶɲܾôˡ˸С£ȥԺһյԡԺͥСҲ󣬰żǵúĺǱһյء͸ɴȥǶ

ƹ׼ȥ¾ߵһĶûѰŵĻų

һиպɤӣǱܹŷֵһ粻ʲô˵ĶȵģģǳԷʱ򲻼ӰСӡ

СӴʱѾ˯ˣôһҲûѣһ

żצﻹ߬һ⴮ѶˣͰ˱СһƮƮģûʲôҲ͵˼⣬϶աŽСܹͼҵҰˡ

ܹͰӸƨСӣҲ˯˯񷿣




62.  ʮ£ޣ   з

̶ûͣ, ձҪ뿪
֮ǰǸڵĽصҹšᣬǿɫ, ӲʩӰõϵķӡ

ǳĵ䷽, ҲǮ, Ҳڴ, 㰲ġ


Ժλ, бشҴǸңû֧ŵסԹǮһҲ֧ĴͷھѾϡ, ƭ˭أ

׬ǮԺôӳ, ط⴫

һ̲ס·ɫ.ա

˰ʲôݣʲôλû֮ǰֶҲöǸġôһ, ǸѪ, ҲɫһСʳСƹ񡣲ǰԱᣬȷʵ̫ˡ⣬˭ȻԼܹʥ֮ջ

űСŲţֱӳɤӺ

ܹڶ¥ῴ˲ˡ
һذ׵ĳۣһͷڷһľ졣޲ֵɫȻǲ˺Ϊ֥֪¥ô, һƮƮҲԼѹ֮òªҵľޡ

ŵһüͷ͸߸ߵ

˼Զ

۽ǴˮЦ⽩ϣһֳڰĸ첲Ҳ˻ȥ

ôˣܹ񻺻̨ףضӣܹѾߡݵΣڷУīǽһӵ뿡ֵ¡



һĬĬ̬ȶ

뿿ڹ̨ϣͳһžષ£¹ĿǵӽձҪ뿪֪ƹпܹߵĳʳҸҵĶ׼һݡ

ţŶ

ʳĻСЩʱڸƹ׼㳦һǧԺ󣬻١ƣ˺ҲǲСʱãٶ㳦ҲɹøɡֻҪʳ׼ùٹһǧ

ˣҪҪз

жûԹзûϵſ㳦

Ϥͨ±֮Ϊƻ󡯡ԼϿû뵽˵ǰһסЦһֻǶСʱеϲƢѾͷǸãƹһݣӳһз

ʱҲ࣬һ͸ˡзⶫҲذ֣ʦĽͳҲУá

˫΢΢۾ŰӪҵЦеġ
˵ҲԴߵŮ˾ûϹǣϲϸģϲֶġԽǲԽʱ԰Ÿۣܾ׽ֽ

ֽźܿ죬ʱзͶˡ

̨˸ýλ¡һյù̵ɰӸǵʵԥؽҿķſžӨ͸׺ĹŹֵһƯļ嵰ԼŰƵˡ˰ŵĻֱ߶һСϸܵϡ

ζһһζɢ

ðһ衣˿ϵۣȻɵȱ˵㣬ŻǺԭؽ顣

Щ͸϶ȥ迪ɫͺÿˡʵûĴ㣬ֻΪ˶Ŷ˵仰ʱ̽سһνзһԵ׷ŴǹӴ˵ѬζζóԵĲˡ

۾ɴˣ̲סʣʲô

㳦ЦݸϿˣôô

۹̨ϵĽӣٿţ︡ϸЦ⡣

ƼǼһָ㳦㳢Ҳ֪ⶫ鷳ͲΣֻгƬڷá˫Ư˫ģ·۵׶õĹ⣬ôóԻܾ÷š˳Կϵ

ذһɰķ̾òû׷ôóԵʱ

㣿ͽϡ⽴Ƕطͷûеġ

ˣʵڱòУһӣжٶҰɡǹ̨ϵĽӾ͸ˡУ˵ѽ͸ңɲˡ

ǮǴүǮºŶʱüЦúúã͡

˵ţȥæˡ

ĿŰżٵıӰܹһۺ۾Ծ

Цһʮӡ

㳦ǰűŪһģ˵ĺڡ⣬ʵζǴֻٸܰѰŵĲֿգСѾͷͷмżáҵۻϸһġ

ԹԵظŶ֮Լ

÷ģӸλһж˵

һЦϰԵȥΰŵıӡ

ֻһ죬ûˣͱܹסܹϵЦ赭ģأĪϰԴʳ

ϰˡ

Ʋ磬һƢúܡʼ磬һ˳һ緹ձʰ뿪ˡ

ֱĶ뿪ԭʮأȷٻͷʧ˿һСͦСشϻС治Ҫѡ۵մЩҡǴӹƵģؾͺӶˣţ̲裡

Ŷ⺢ҪԵϰˣֻСèƵľȥŪè

ܹƨƨ߸ڰСëߵĺȻЦһ



ʱţգִ¹ȥ

һ£ҹҰľһƬʳﱸõĴڣʽ졣Ŵŷ˼棬ͷȫȨ

ñˣһֻҪʮģֻġ

˵Ҳ˳ձԵĸԴӰڶֳձдȫʤԺʳ͸ˡԭȻֻǴ޶̺ëƽҲŹһ¸߶ȡԭɢʳĿٷ֮ʮʳ

ʮ綼֪ϵʳĳʳֹֺãسǵĴȲáضϸ߳ʡʳÿնʳĽ

̯ķտʳͣ˸ע˾һ㣬ݹ

ÿæֱȴĳʵҲŪ¸档һضԼ˱ֱһĹǡ

ǽĴˣҳǮ㵥ŵꡣȻܸܵĸˣնܸˣʱԸ

⻰˵ǰӶȻᵨӡʱձָʹղˣй̯ͻȻͲˡ
ʱ˱ʵصŻûп־塣

вҲǸãվĵǰҲе

˵ӵðžЩֹܾĲʲôʡ͵ĵƣǷž۵ҸУҲˮ

ϸһµյĽһϵĽǶǮӡۺӵĳɱ׬һǮӡ׬ǮٶȱԤϵÿ̫࣬ͶȥͷһȺͭĿڶǹ̹ģ׼öЩҲܽЩҲܳϡ

һսô࣬һʮ

Ҳġ߹ʲ͹գýձԽĶ磬Ҳǳһʦĺ

һ룬ͷ⵹Ҳǡ

ʦԭûسȴԶĳպá˵ĲȷʵǳĺҲ㲻ʲô͸ڰߴתûͳӳſҲһ
ЩӸڰƨɺѧĶѧĶöࡣŲǵֻԼײˣ˻ײ˸ʦ

ߴŵǰͷһͲ꣬ɣʮꡣ
̶̲£յõֱʽϳ塣ʦտţȸֽﶼĥŵԼʳƤӡ

ǿӣɲˡ

ŵûע⵽ʦڸʳĽ˼ʱҲࡣԭ飬ѶؾǡȻѾԭˣұ֤Ժ󻹻ᡣ뾡׬ǮȻҪ콫̯̿ʱһ㣬רĸ˷

ʳײȥһ£ʾû
ʱܹòؽζĲͬҡƲŰʳǻܶԱȳͬζ졣ȷ죬ŻԤ̲ܾãһ¾͹ˡ

˷ߣһѾȫװ̳
˷ͻһ̡ŮᵽǸɻһµǮŲõǰͷ䣬ͶõĹƶȡ
ɵֶֺŮȻõ˸ıꡣ

ȻûпʼõľӪߣǷ˹ǮϱҲģȻҪԡǮʹ죬ظ

ʮŮõǮżҴһĹѸԿˣֽ˵ζӽӡźܿˣصЭֵˡ

˵ѸҲϵнһֻۡܲйգûѡϵϼҶϱѡˣվڴһͨ

ʵҲǸˣʮعѡʮһߴŸŮͯ
ѸǰǷǶ࣬˳ƯֲҲڸǲ˵㡣˵дԣϵɷԺɫڴﹴˣָͷ©ǵ㶫ԼŮĸᵽҧгݵģһͬнĸ˭

ֱջȥӸǰ˵ӲϵĵУƭȥ

ŶЩµǺ⡣ֻҪ£ֽŸɾ̫Ů˽ŵ뷨ʱ뷨ȴͬڷӿϵļʮعѵĹ𻨡Ź𻨾ûһѲŻᱻ˺衣
Ĳ̣һᡣ϶ʮָмŷһ˫Ьӡ

ʱŮףŶܹͬڱġοϵķԷϸһƷᡣһͬʵ̬ʮָм޲øͿر

ʵϣֻŮҲǴ˽ĵġʱԸŮŴԼܼķΧڸŮһЩ·Ů˹Ǯڼ˵з

ⲻһǸ˵ﶼỨ

Ҳ˵õԼ׬ĹǮ˸߲ҵȥиﺢö˵СҲץؼҵһ죬ϺԻලйӶˡÿֻĶϴ˻õǼǺ󣬾͸Щ˼ҷĶ

һȻٸϺЦˣҲҿЦﶼںڣ֪϶гһջᷢǾͲ˵Ϲ塣
ò˵˵ʱ벻ôͭ˵þãⷽҶҪ

Ҵ󷿺ضҪȥβһˡԺˣǾЦؽ֡ûϣҲʱʱơ

ŵĴ࣬Ϻеķƽ

˶òĲŻִϺڸùϵǢʱգرϲܡҲûش

Ų˼ı仯ܹȴ֪
˵һõת䡣
һ鶼һٶʮӣȻҪһķչͲ𡣰ŵ뷨Ȼתսص㣺ȥسǿӡ

޵У¾Ϳֵ꣬ôƾֻаš

ܹԭûʲô˰ţҲøԭĻ䲻ؾľˣе뷨Ͼ˼ʮƽ˲ءţһӻƽôҲóС۲ǣ

ôһ룬ܹһ׮£ţʱشһˣǲǸˣ

æѾһ磺




63.  ʮ£ޣ   ؿסˣͻ󡭡

ǸͷϷ, ǰ׼ýصԺĶֻҪȷڴƹֲ׸͢һδ󹦡ףܹס

һ, ʰһ±һص, Ҫߵүʦͽ
ŵڷҺԺ, Ϻ̫̫, ֲ겻áһ, 뷽Ҵ岻ԶİɽϡŻʹżȥˡò˵˵ⶫʱ˵׼ġȻʱ˭ʮϲˡ

ԵڳȻһȭͷС

ū½ض, 𡣻ĺ٣ſűŶҪԼǲֲĽָ, ôŪַȻҲܳɹ

ճɺûôܹ㱵Ӿ̲סЦѲɻһžúã

ƨ

ŻعһۣȻԽԽãԽԽá

ڿϣֹסеƮڶԴֲ˿ǰ͵ġһֻġںԺѾˣٵȼժɹ, ûˡܸоԼһȥ, ת۾ջƬ

ԺǿԻˣ͸ֲ

Ժǿֲ쿴Ѿࡣֲһ㶼Ƕ·ݲ֣µ³졣Ǹȷʵ˵㣬Ŵ˲Ƹ롣

ԺõϾǲү

ʲôүֹܹģʡ

Űڰ֣ûû, Ϲ˵



ԵĵؿƲ࣬ʵҲһ졣̫£һƬơŶڵϣϵӡĥżȻܳôãȲ˵׸͢ôԶ顣˵ǰǲǿһĶĶһԡ

֣̿ĥŵ㳦ҵжԺаЩĸԸʳƹ㿪

ĥ׸ƣܹе̧һѾµĲ΢΢
Ǳ

ֲȫȷʵȵӵʳֲгЧöࡣʳһһƺԼڵҪͺܶࡣǼǵǰ˵֮ضⶫʳԵġҲ׿ڳȷʵǿ
¾ջ񡣲ַ㣬Ҫͣܶڻճɡƹ㿪ֲжڼģ

ƹ㣬ҲŵĶðɣ˸۱ϱ

߰ɣūϣקһ³ܹ䣬ûؼˡ

ܹͷƳЦ

ǷֱȥػشֻаŸܹһСÿնҪ̯衣ľϷһæҲԱߴ֡߻ħȰŻڷܣ벻ȥ

һлصѾȫˡ
ԭȥ忴ӣҲֻաһԺﾮ߼򵥵زһ±̻ӡ

һζ͹ȥٹվѮŲһѶͷıôñûšһ·ǱסƵһһ߾ڳѡ

ԽԽؿڴĸо

ܹ࣬ɫԾüͷɾôˣ

һӸӹܹǷ紵͵Ϻùһη纮ͰûСȻŴ˵Լ˼ٶ֡ܵԼ۹ȡʱһٻ³ǾĿƣ֪ʱۺˣЩܡ

ܹ񣺡ܣ

ؿڡ

ܹȻȻ䵽ؿڡ̼ǵѾͷңݵøѿһ㡣֪ʱСɲ¶ѾͦԲѳŵùĹҵġСѾͷؿһһġ

һȣɿƿߡ

ūЩͻʳţȥһˡ

ȷʵܣҲûܾͷܹȥ֡
õҽڶ֣õϴҲڲڡ˴Ҵȥ̶֣Ѿȡûʲôˣű߾ͱڳѡܾҲûע⣬ߵ쵽ã䲻ͱһ·û˵ܹԱߵ

⧲Ķ˰һʱţôˣ˸ţ

˵Щ˻ûۡ

£Īšܹһݵһ˫īȻͨ졣ޱ氲Űѳɵ룬ûۣ޲۸ϣѳˣٽȥ

ţ

ѣһǰһĽȥ

ɣܹϴڴá˽һ۾ϳ

Ѿ˵ƣһĥҩСܹͯһŵϴ󣬹ӶҪϴûһƴںײ㬵صͷ

ֲˣɫϴӺͷ߳

ǣܹЦЦȻȻǣŰȥϴǰ£š⼸վЩʣؿƵô

ϴŰĿƵŵϡ

ѾͷμʱݰͰ͵һС̶ֻ²˸Ƶİװ׾Ѿͷ˫Ŀɫ󣬿ŲӲʵӡ
ȻˣϴҲû˵ʲôֻðŰֵݸ

ȥϴָͷһƬ̣ȻʰţСѾͷˮô

䲻ʻûӦ

ܹɵӣ̲סһѣ¡

ٿһܹȵ֮¶䲻Ծˡɴ۾ǰһһˣϸڷҵ£ȷʵûһ衣ҵ찡ôãǰҪ¸ˡ찡ûһδ裡

˵ͦΣ漰Ҳûòᡭ

¡ϴǺһЦջӵСѾͷҪˡ

ǻôһ䣬źĻȫҭںһԵܹ۾ȴԾ
סҪǣСѯϴҪҪץ㲹ҩȥǵĹŮⷽעúܣСǺˮ̲ܹŮӵ˽ⲻ࣬뾡

ϴ˵״ЦҡҡͷؿƣͻѡҳˣôԸɲؿƣ

ҩóԡҩֶƽٳ亮ԵĶá

ְֺ׵ģʮֺÿôʱԼرһɵӣ͸ûСһؿյûţǾͻһѴͷŲ֪һֹؿڣиط죬ȥһ

Ͽɫ̣ܹٲȻһѾģӿڴͳһöӵݸϴŰžߡ

ֱ߳ãŲ̧ܹ

˴ӸղžûлعͷǽŰ΢Ĺ⣬Żע⵽ī֮һ˫ͨĶ⡣

ţģɵˣ

˻صʳѾȫˡ
ſڣԶͿϺſⲽȽŲ㣬һȳһյԶ׼ĽơԶԶ˻ӭô£ﲻʣ

ܹЦʱͷҲڵŵķӼɫԣס˷Ϻ

ȽȥɣܹŻûãӶˡ

ϺҲӦģŲǻ£ŵһľͷµͷĬȻʳ˽ȥûãܹȥׯЩӻĿ쵽ˣȥ˷֧Ӹʳһһȥ졣

ǸˡԼ⹫ӿɲǹǵˡһ밲ѱϵģڸء
¾Ӧ𣺡ӷģū澻ᾡƳ

ͬʱּҡ
ҲԼĿˮˡϱӾǿˮ磬ʮˡⱲӵȵʮ껹ˮ¶һĽᡣ˭Ҳ˽˶ҩ˶ٴ߿ˮĹؿǰѿˮˡ
ˮĵһɨĿƣð˵öһԺźĶǮ

ѾͷõǮţϾֹǽźĲ֪ж١ɲǰš̫̫ϥ£ҲһŮŮжʲ˽²ŮģѰǰִţ͵ġ

ּҴӺ·ҴӶǮˣѵǵǮѹһ롣

ʲô£ǲô£õǮ֡

ֻнźҩҲģԵǹȲƵġֻǹ¶ˡ

⻰һ˵ѰҩѾͷˡ



ּҿԺѾм¡⼸£ȥ԰ɢĶҡһּװġΪˮ¶öųȥ߶ˡ

ȻҩһͿڴʰԼױơ

ҲûҩأԷԸȥʰѳգȥһˡҳôϲ¶Ҳø·֪Զھǣֲּʲôˣϸ·úףһ

ҩ˵ϻֻŵŵӦǡϽȥͷʰȥ




64.  ʮ£ޣ   ų

ζĲͬһͬҲѾ¶ֻһ, в죬ȴҲ̫ԡǵƹ񼴱㷢ԼͬУȴҲȷǺԭɻ, ʳź͵ˡ
źǳܹ֮, Ϊȷյźƹͬʱθ, ܹصؼҪ·̡ԶڽݳǵļյϢ, ʱѾ·ϡ

Ϊ, һµʱգǱߵһ˵ζѾ졣Զ̲Źκһ׬ǮĻᣬȻ

ⲻ, һ磬Ŵٵʦļͽȥ
һǰ, һѾŵؽѡ

ŵˣŮе˰̳һһζ԰ѹأһζвϸȫ޳

ӲõһµǮŰŸ˽˵ϾҪȻһٸġðǿ, Խе˶, ŴʦǰͽҲǴСѧͷһ
˵һγˣаŷһӡ
⺢Եģȴһʮͷܳͷ˳ϸ΢óֱܷóζ˵ͬʳĳԲͬ˵, ͬζһ˳˸Ӷصζһƫʡ

ʣԵһʵζȻӵζͬȴҲаžһ¡

⼸̳˭ģűС˵Ҳһڣ̧ʡ

ʵϣ̳Ӷбŵġǰŵ⣬Ϊ¶űšٵɴ̳ӶӦˡò˵й츳þǱ˶ࡣһʣٹ̳һͽг˵֡

ǱеֵŮŵðΡΡվˡͿСʮϡɫƣݰͰ͵ģ֫ų

Ųһ㶣ôһ˲ΪķӡһҪӣŲɷŻ˵ؽţֻ㼸⡣

⸾кɲŵؿŰŵͷ

ǻ̲˵ôųһھ֪⸾Լ˵һ׷ӡ

Ǹˣ˵ķҲѧģǸʮʮһ̳Ҳġͷ˸ˣûġң˵ģĪҪҡ

ĪĪţſһҪ޵ģæҲͦóԵġ



ζȻӵζͬȴҲʮֺóԡ

ãóԣõпϵĻشӴڸֶ΢΢ͷŰţһŵģң˵óԣ

šӵǹᣬһЩĲ˻ܹζĳʳͲһˡĳʳ࣬ͬζòͬĲɫȻˣǲֻһζܰٻţҲӭǲǻЩݲˣ

УУϸô껹û˭óԣľľصͷˮһЩܲײ˰ӡ

Ȼͷݹô

Ҵɽһʱڣ񡣰ЩˡڳϷۻԶô

ûݹԣҿԿ

ûظһЦº˿˵

ǸµģƶǶվû

һ˿ȥۼֿؽ˸ȥǸ˿֪ûŵ˼ϸ˼ֽǵѹȥСϸһ䣺Ͻ㣬˵ı±ҿˣײˡ

ϸһɴ۾ŵؿš

Ѿ̳ӣûٿߡｫ¶ƷƷƺƷ˼Ķʱʧ˵

ķգźӽ˶˸顣һ˵ǿԣζ̳޳ּһζˣʣĶﵽ˰Ҫı׼һܹ˴Լİʮ̳

԰ѹأƷ·ڣ͵ؽѡ

鶼׼ãյźƹҲԭ򡣲˶زЩ˴ͷβûֱ𡣲ʳʳԴǻǰŰɵһˡ

ݵЪϢһգһ磬뼯ʳĺ
ŲЩģֱ룬˵潫ÿʳĵöϸһ飺˵ζƫƫڿθľһˬڡصȻᡣ˵ζˬζҲۿۡ

⻰һ¶ʱһ֮
ʵϣ֮ǰżܹѾ˹ڰŴ˴Ҫ˵ݡԭΪ䷽ϵĸı仯û뵽Ȼֻ˵ˡ

˲ˣе˲ΪȻ˾ֻʣһζʲô

Сˣʵ˵ⶫһֱ˼ҶԸŪĳʳ˼ʲôöΰһ¡̲ζˣŵΡζˣˮһݣôི

룬ϲɾ˵
ǵʳ¥ų㣬˵ζǿ⣬״ǲġ

ţǾͼΪһרҵĳӣ˶ʳĵӡ߼ʳи߼ʳĵĺãƽʳҲƽʳĵĺáûиߵ֣֮λԲӡûоܶ϶

ѵǣ׬˴Ǯֺ߲ٵƹ񲻸ˡʱǧϹѾͷھ˵ˣȻв˲ζ̾ᡣ

̲˵Ķ³Բӡʲôö

ļƹû˵ɫǺͬ˵ġ

˵ǲһид
зĹ⣬ȡˣǱȽϱȽϣ

ǩԼ֮гߵģҲηֺŷֵġأô˵Цˣֶϱ˼ô



̳ˡ

žһŵϣ̳ϺȻ˴ıǩޱرǩתŵµȺƹǡȻ̳ȡһˣٴһ߶һ̡ʦľһ˵Ƭ

ŵɫÿʦеĵתͷͳ˰ŵġ

ܿ죬ʦƬƬ

ŽʳҪϵ˵棬һһУŵһ硣ΪЩ˿һ㽲һž㵱˵ȥʳϵʾһ顣
ζϣ㱾ʳģͳͳһ

ܿ죬ԼĪһӣͶһֲƵζɢζ̼ڳ˵ζ٣̲סˮġ

СѾһһڷŵǵǰ

ȳ⡣

ƹǰŰɣ͹˳
һ⣬ϵĲΪȻɫʧˡֹС˵ͣƹҲˡû˵ֻԼƷ

ǵ˿һ£ò˵ͬ˳־͵治ͬ
ղǻĵûж𣬴ʱͷ·һƺݺݵǵϡ˵˴ʱԴû̧˼ҰƹǵǵһģһĲˬ˳ڵζȫˢԼҳ³ļ䡣

ζôãֻ˲ͬҲšӲŲϡ

ǲ˵Ĳƹ񳢳һ̱ǡűӪҵ΢ЦϾղ̶ַͬͬĵϡ

ƹԥƬ̣ӰŵĻȥ˵ڶֿζ
һԽ;⻹һۻԵȴǹˬɴࡣǰȶԳζ

˷¿ӣŵĿⶼˡ

˵ζ̶ܴӰˡŻǸЦеģҲ׿ڳͬ˹ϵܷ֪λθ룿

һƬž

ֹζͬȫʳģֱܷɫĺûƹķĽˡ
⣬⡭ζȽƹѾϣ⵱˵Ե𣿡

ֹԵζûУζɴ䣬ҲڼƹԻ޷񼰵֡

⣬ۻĿڸҲµĳĺóֹһǰ㡣

Ŵ˴βգּҪˡµͷһҴѰıˡ˶ǳҵ֣ζǲвҲ

ȷʵǳԡ

ãȿ˿ڣֶϱˣԼô

ǡʵϵ

һ˶̳ϵıǩ֣ƹõģ

нЦ⣺ҲҴ˴δŸλĿġ

ȻӺ߳˳ƴ̳ȡһյøոպõˡһͳɬζ˲߹ȥ˶˵λƹǰڳ֮ʱùֲͬˡһʱգѡġ

¹Լ⣬ʿ֮ûбҪҶǺϻǮõȻղŻɵƹˣƤû˵ǰͷȥ
һӼҵ˱ɫҪһЩһζֱǡ

˵˿ŲۣԼԺЩͷԱȳ˲𣬰ҲԼĿģֱ˵ؾͿڣֵߣһ»ԭⱾǸ̷ģҸѡҪԸŻݵļ۸õû

⻰һҶˣȻˡһ˼ضŰš

ôңҲ׿ڳζƤ񣬰˷粻ؼǵþҵãȻΪ롣

⵹û˵ٻö࣬߳ɲŻࡣ

ǣбȽȻĶʱտ׬һʵģ֪ǰŵĿҲˣǣܱ˶٣

һ˿ڣ˵ĿҲƵض

žԼ̸¶ж̰壬ɽĿͶܹ

ܹ֪һãʱվЩƹ¶һº͵Цʳ׵ǰһЦ˼ش˸
һ̣ɽȪɤ˵˻λ֮Ҹ𡣡

λƹģ

۸̸ܹ飬ֻѶȥ

ܹȺ˴˺Ժȥ¥̸᷿ŷԸСūСһԺĹϹСһʳôЩӣöࡣС棬ԭȻ˵СѾͷڰƨɺզզġ

Сɻȴżûʲô¶һСͰȥݺ濴

ŵʱѾ˹Ǽ⽷ϸļ⽷˲١һŵɹ̫Ѿͨ졣䲻ƼϲòС

ϲ֪ʱСëСȭͷ˰ߡŶһ͵ĲЦŴ۾ʰš

С޶֪Ӻδ϶մ͡

ϲ˵ϲֲСһûһ˵ġŲ˵һֻצץס˰ŵ䣬ҿԸŪֲ

ŲΪԼţ˵ʲô

㲻ţС״ÿĵü˰Ų֪һܽͮͮʵֲôǶŻ죬Եȷʵģһ㶼𣡡

űΪС˵󻰣žòԾʵģ

ԣô󣡡Сֱһ״رᣬԽԽᣡ

ôò

ںʱڴйէֲһʱڡⲻ֪ĶС޾Ȼ֪ŲϸС

һŸ⾫µһ˫ī˫ۡͲ˵ȴƢʶҲԶһ꺢ͯԶʾ⺢Ӧòǳһ壬ھ쵽Լ⺢ӾͲд߶ûȥϸתһ־ӦԼû¶û⣬ֵó˼ȥںһĺӣ

ʵĶðɣͦҪġ

С۾һĸǣǣĺԺ

һ㶣֪سԾԭ㲻ǹ¶

ǣСĵͷȥҲɥʧ˻еίͰ͵ģҵȥͻȻȥǹ¶ˡ

ż⺢ֱ׳ӣͻȻͰʵǲϰߡգգ۾ԱŤذСġ

С˾˳ſ˰ŻһŸоؿھʪһƬ

⺢ƽֵúܣȴϢ
Щۣʧȥĸͬͬʵ⺢ӵ顣һֹŹֵģ˿ԼĴĵ̾밲οһ£˵֪֡𣿡

УС˵ģǿڰǰ̧ҽҮ顡

ޣ̫ģ˸š

СȻһһſڰŻС

ãŵ͵͵Ӧš

žе֣ϸһ룬ʮַݡŮԶʲô޵ġȻֿЩжʵҲ˳ˡ

ɣԺͽޣĺ󱳣㱻ˡ

Сӿ˱ȥ˯ܹǱҲ̸ˡˣһ̳һǮӳɽҲô˵ǰ˵ģһ̳˱һͷļ۸񶼹󡣵Щƹĳʱ򻹸ϴЦһռ˱˵ģ

ž㤵ؿ̸йܹ񣬳Ծõв˻ҩˡȻÿζ׵ļ۸̸׵⡣

Ժ˵ܹ첲תЩ˳ȥ

عҲûмһ˼̸⣬ʹҴҪҹ뿪

֣ʳҴһˡ˰ϵãǺþòʳԱҵĹܼҡܼҼŰžͼſʵƹģ͸Ϻô

ʵͻȻŷӦҲʱле㣬ٳԡôˣ

ţ˵ҪƹϺʮ𼱣żﾡĹȥĹޡ

Ĺޣһ㶣ⶫϻҪô

ֻܼ֪ҵķԸˡʣҹܼһŵĺ֪Ǵӵġʲôܿ죬ԲöȻҪ֪ϺѲƹĵ˿գٰܷ۹ӣ

û뵽Ϊ¶ʱЦԣȡ

ûǳϺļڣ⽴ȥͷʱȥҺóԵĽҲʵʣպӾͻ˺Ժ˵һͻطЪϢˡƺˣܾеСоͷ׹׹ۡ

ʵоҲİ˼ǰѣżԼǸŮ¡
Ůӿˮó٣ҪһεĿˮ
ϰߣΨһ鷳ûޡܲʱ´մӴûӾص˵¶Ҳ˼´ŲǾⶫ״̫׸ͷŲľҡ´ˣԼȾ

룬Լǰϴõľ޻ó׼ӷ´ͷſ£˸ˡ

һ㶣´һ˭

ңܹɤỺöţղſɫԾôˣﲻʣ

ץץͷȥŴ򿪡ͿܹһʳСƹ߽СȻڰŵǰ£ʳд

ͷȻһڼԼһСճĵģԵ㣿

еΣ¡Ǽ嵭ʮֺúȵģܹݹûо;ܾ֪ˣ

ܹе㷺죬˶٣Ӧš

ʵҲûʲôŶͺȣŮӶҲһ

šܹĿ䵽ϣ뵽ϺǰĻ¹£õؿڵŵңĻºʱ졣

ű䲻һǺͿ

ܹģð죬ŲŰˡҲû˵ֻܾʣôģ㲻˵㲻Ȣޣ

ܹһ£һʱ仰ˡ
ɫѹ䣬ʵôżޣ

ԼûĿˮҾ̫˰ɡһǸС

ܹ΢΢һЦҲʺȢޡŲ˵׵Ļ㡣ŮһߣȻҪֱ˵塣ңǲ¾Ҫ˵

￩һȥ̧ͷƳܹɫܹ֣ϽͷȥȢˣҲУеܲˡ

ܹע⵽ɫļ仯˸Ĺ⣺ŲżĻִΣ

á

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65.  ʮ   ʱòɣ

صı, ÷֪Ϻĺô²֪ʱҪýϾʱڴɹ˲١űŵؽ˭֪汻ˡɣ֪оôƶڵؽͷ, ȫˡ

̳, ټϺⶡһ, ܲ̳Ϻ

Żƶ, 뵽ϾҪ
һ̺ͼΰҵִһŪ, 꽴罷, տϣ, еĶζһ̨סӵбûеĲŻվ¢ϵǰءѾͲסԼҵģŪһϵ

ЩƷֻҪʽλֵλѸһҵͼϧɺޣ

ҵͼչ֮ǰôϺá

һ, žͽʳͳԲ˵Ҵĸеһߡ

ԴϻǸʳͲ˿ʼ, ʳĶ͡Ź۲һʱգ⸸ڷʵ꼤黹£ĥҪȻǩһںЭ顣̯Ҫæɴ⸸˸ǩʡö¶

뷨žֱӸҸˡ

Ȼϲ⣡ǴʳϦÿ¸ĻʳĹǮȺ¶ֻϵڱ¾͸һ֤, ضϺ¶Ūװס

ǽϺ¶СӣҪüٵҪʮһ㶼СҸÿټӶǮһ͸

⸸˵еˣҲڶˡ
ɽҪʲôʵĶСӶҴŵ͡Ȼʲô˵ʲôʱŻգֻмҪƹĿɻҪʳʳô֪ɽкüӣǰɽҷһŴӣ˸͸ժһ

ӣңŶþûԹˮˡ͵ͷɫõõĲա

СԶʱһ󻶺

Щ˼ֱ˵ԼСƤʵأðĪɶġ

Űڰ֣ǵЩ͹Ҫü



齻ȥ͵Ųϵ
հ룬ʦеһߡʦҲһ¡˵ʱƲظɻΰǿġ참Ĳţһյļߡվںϵڵľ˼ϣӮǱȻġ

ʱգʦһҲѧһЩÿһЩƲҲǵȻûĽ⣬̶ȣӦҲˡ

Ԥȥسǿֵꡣֱ룬ԭߣ󼫴ܻύϡ

ʦЩΪԼ͵ʦ¶ˣվһԶء˵űҲûܾܿв
ʱһ⻰˲סƹǡ

ҵһ뷨ʵҲܳеصġ̯˽֡ҪȥسǿʳҲøߣ̯ȻҪųȥʦ˱Ȼһֺһ̯ʦȱܳľ顣

Ȼֻǰŵһ뷨Ѿ㹻ʦ
ɫ죬һ˫ĿĶŰšţֲ֪˵ʲôƺû뵽¶˴󷽡һ£ͶίΡ
ʵϣʦسǵĴʳǹһԭСطɣһư䵽ֵĶе̵ġһˣһȺͽܸƨɺɻѹҲֳܱٶãȻѹҲֻȥ

ƣƹġʦǷӦˣ׷Ӧŵùұضúøɣ

ţȻŵùġ
һسǵĻϣǸԱŵˡŻǾ仰ĸɻˣĸκͻᡣۿѵֻԼ

¶øиס⼸գĲˣѧ

ŵĻڰ͵ʦ¶㿪ˡʦЩȻѾ˵ϣҲˣƹŵùңտһǲСɡСӱҳϢϺ츳ƹ߽̣ܰضܶ¶

ɣźеӡ󣬡Ǹ

ԣʦû뵽ӡ󣬼СһƽͷζΪ׼ЩѧѧľګЩͻСܾù

⵹һ֮ϲˣԺĵ겻ֻһҡܴԼʳƳʡȥͷƸ

ԣ˿ҿ

ʦǽŵ״Ʈ뿪ġصסʱصһСƣͷ⡣سСӵͷ⣬±˵ͷ±ƹֺòˣżôһ㡣ֻʳãͷûġ

ʦ˵ģȻüͽע⡣ͽʱæŸͷƹǴ򽻵ڣͽȻһѷΧʦżǮôˣ

ʦҲûƽûûСЦһ˼Ű˵黹ûڶ͸¶ֻζ˵˾䣺ߴˣ˸öҡǿɵúúøɣָд·Сӣ¿ɵþЩ

Щͽܣû̫·ġسǻ쵽ҲֻһͽܽİࡣͬˣСһͱƹĿУȥСƹۣȻʦϢϲ²µСӡ
估ˣ̲סȺƤЦСӣЦЦЦ֪ЦҪʦֵľҲõˡɻɵÿ̿Щƹۣг·ˡ

ʲôǲǻʦ𣡡˱һ仹Цʦܶǲɣ

Ӷ㣡ʦһ⻰𣬡ƤЦģ

ǲɵģۣ˭ʦհ

Ҫϣ



СͽǱʦˣҲνЦţƴڻ

ͼ˵⻰ۿźţеˡǸϽʰˣŷźʦȥЪϢ䲻ʲô£ģҲ֪ȻǺ¶Ǻ¶ͺãʦһ£Ǹˡ

Ųʦߵ£ѻԺ»Ͷ
һĿڴһ˵µʱ򣬼˶ûʦҲãҲգܶһĳӡܹΨһĵģڲԸȥسǡ

Ȼ߲һſڣɫͱˡ

Ϻ϶ǶİĿ־壬ɵȥسܰæô

Ȼǰæһı£ͷҲǲҵġ

ͬһݡϻ⣬ҲǿܡʵҲǹΪǣǵô˻ܡֻһֱԭϣǱȻİ޷ǵԼԶˣʵ˻ᱻ۸

Ϻˣӡ

ʱľظı˷ӵľˣѾô롣ûǮû²Żᱻ衣㹻ǮЩֻͽȥسðɣ

Ȼſ϶ĿζۼԴͷûеġسǮ˶ֻ࣬ҪóԣȻá

ӲϺȥ

ӣϺס֣Щ

ȥһһŶҪȥϴҲµֻҪһһĶһ

ϺĸڷҴ壬ֵܽ嶼⡣񼸼ҹϵպͺҪߡ

õģڣѰ»ûеϺӣܸĻᡣǱȻûģʳأʱܡ˵سҲԶЩͻˡ

ô˵ûоײһ

ֻǲſʼҪٲõ¡ȴףϾͻȻһʱܲˡº뷨Ҫ仯ģҲؾšʵڽܲȥسǣ£뵽еİ취ġ

Ϻ֪ô˵ķҲûáһĿ˶Ҫߣ˵ĸһӺӲڣһʲôã

ܣ죬뿪ڡһֻա

ȥسǵʵ͸ܹ˵һ飬Ϊ˸֪ϷȻ˷ӵ׼Ϳȥˡ

һ磬ŸܹͰһسǡ

ԭ䰲صһ·̣ߴ·Ļ
ŸܹȻûͳһ뵽ϴεسѾˣҲסܹžЩ

ãѡС·ȥ

С·ǺҶǸ֪ģүȥسΡҶֱߵÿЩܽʡһɽسܽʡһʱ

ĳǸ֣ϳʮȵڳϣѵûеߵµĸо

֨ѽ֨ѽѹС·ͣܿ߳ԭķΧɣճԭʮأվͱɫٻһ׻ʣһ껩ؾʹ

һ·ݷˮܶࡣ

ϣ졣ڶУ̲סðƤ񡣰Ŵ˴첲һ紫첲ϸϸܵسһ㼦Ƥ뵽ܹʱòɣ

Ťͷ׼ܹ䲻䣬͸оһ.ͣˡ




66.  ʮ   Ҫˣ~

ͷʹ, ġţصһ졣

ͷ嶯ɻʲô¶, һȻ𣺡ϵ˸, ֵǮĶȫ

, 󲻶, Ը

һ, תͷܹһۣ˵üͷ
һ䣺ô£

ܹҡҡͷʾȲҪ˵

ס, Ȼ嶯ȴǼˡܹаһʧߡ˵˵£ԭзͽ, û뵽ǲһײˡһ߳ӣһ϶꽦ڳľϣϸСĻͷһƬããľˮĳˢŨǰȻİ

õѣŵ
, ǰ߾Ӫʿõġܹüͷš, ˳ӡ

ĥʲôһ֮һѵĵ̽ᡣ

복ŽҪܹļʱͱС

Ĳ³ɫЩףǴٵġô죿

˵ţĬĬסܹǮ

ܹ񣺡

ΪֹȥسǮְߣŰѴ󲿷ֵǮܹϡ˵絹Ȱǿ̫ࡣ֮ЪԵرǿ, Ǯϸȫ˵ҪȥأһȥûǮͳͶʮ

𣿡ǮȻҪǰ㲻ʲô

ܹɫÿȻѾϾҲα֮ˡ񿴵ǰӱܵԭ򸽽ҽĻƣҲܲˡ

˶һֻŰŵһֻһ¡̫ãʧȥġȻûĪȵ˵

ʿǮǵߣӦòˡ

ű򶨵̬ȰסĵҲǣȻֻǶʮҲһ׬ġȷʵô׾Ͷȥ

ĬĬջ֣ѡ񾲹䡣



ȻĺǮߣܹ˱һӰ˴ѡ

ţˡ

ˣҲò⡣Щ˸ŵ򵽵ĵɲһ⵶˸ĥʮַžţҶһ£ܰĸ첲

һȺ˿֮ʱ۾Ȼ˹⡣һܹҲЩǱһ٣ĳٵɡӪ꣬ĸֻȺˡȺ˵ͷǸ䣬ʵڲҲȥ¥СĶݡһ˨һһŮ˴һˡ

껩ڸж˻Ѿԭ򸽽ĳɽͷһé

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ŵֱǰŷΪԼߣû󡣰žͼҧκӵһ˰ܹ񡣼ֲ˰죬һ

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һݣæ˾ȥҡ

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ˮʪ·ͷʪͷճաһ˫ѻƵ۽޷·𲻿ظֻ΢΢ءԴŵĲϸܵԴԴϡܹЩͷؽᣬŤӣӭһ΢ŵĺ촽

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ȻʧȥůܹѸðһ㼦Ƥ

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һЦһ˵Ҫʲô

ղŽ̬ܵǿû뵽ץһҰԧ졣ΪʲôҰԧ죬ΪѾͷһ͸ճ꣬Ů١СһźŮƭ
ȻһſڣһͣǽǿзֿѰƵǽǡһ׳ǰһѳסܹĸ첲뽫ܹݣʵܸߡǼڣᡣһ²˴Լˤˡ

Ͻֲվӣɫÿһӡ

һСˡһЦƨɺһСһϰ֮ӡ

ղŲһߣϴɾȥ󵱼ҵӣ

ʱһЦ

͵һվκֽŰӣȺ˿ô̲סһЦôʲô

ϧɽկĴ󵱼ҲױǺţϹ绨Ĵ

ߣ

˵ţܹߡ

ܹ񱾾岻ʣʱѾպ졣˵Ҳ֪ҪˡһæҪվһͱǴ׳ĺӰסǱԴܹȻ̧ͷ۾絶һŰˣ޲ն֡

Ӵ~ͦף

ʵϣȺ̾ƬɽͷѾмˡȷʵܹ²ģǸմǰսӵӱǰǱִˣӪ˽˵Ǹٴµܼſֳ̳־ȡʤġ
ȥһˣõ׿㶼û
Ӫҵĺܡϱ½졣ϽҰһ˫ȨƣҳһšЩӱһ̣Ѿע˻زȥǻزȥܵԭռһ֮ɽһƬ䵥̶ӡ

ò˵ٿɱöࡣðѵȥ䵥ģˡԭһ̶Ӻܶ࣬͡С·ѹ㡣̶£Ⱥ˸ĹģҤӶ֪ˡ̡

Űŵ׳ɽկĶ֣ҲͷڶˡӳӪԺӾ˳ĶˣͷǸ䣬û˭ɹ

Сҵ

Ƿ°ţ߹־һ˦ܹϡ

ۿС۵ѸٹһӡƿѪ׳״ˣûŮ˻ÿˡ˵ô˼ֲϴϲڣҵүүңٵһԡ

ܹʵѾˡ
ʪϱһҲź׵ޱؿǰͷ÷·źѩһ˿ġܹû˵Ŀһһɨڳˣ·ҪǵȫС

˵ȴһѰס졣
ûõܹĻشΪˡȻС˳ۣϾҪ͸ϴġִ̫ϴ󲻸ˣǿҪùġһŹ˷ŵգаһЦС𼱣Ȼ󵱼ҲϲŮˣǼǺϲġʵĵţү˴󵱼ҵ¶㡣

˵꣬ЦѰǽһӣܹžһš

˰ӲѣôһѾˮļ٣ĽŲѾԶȥֻʣһƬããļ٣һֱڰա֪С·ˣǾͲͼ

Ҳãܹ˶ˡ

˫ֲͣصţҧκ̫֣ҧ



ʱ©ɳһһȥ

֪ʱһףİţ̧ۿ˴⣬ɫ֪ʱѾŶо˫˫ʧȥ֪ͻȻһƬ֮ǶƺھٰʲôȺƱյȾƻȭ

Ŷ˶壬ȻߵĲﴫϤϤ

ǶʲôСƵġΪǴɽСԴûᡣѾסˣԴҲҪòҲ˰ɣ

Ŭ취ȺȻһֻȵĶһ¡һع

̧Ȼضһ˫ڵ÷ĵ۾

Ŀӣһһ޹

ţ

īĴ۾

ϸȥôˣľ㤣Сôˣ

ſİСһûд˴Σյ֪գŴ۾޹û뵽´ˣҶʪˡ

С·ϣһͷë䡣

ȷʵʪˡ

Ÿˣһֱſ棿ôôȥģ

Сһӣȥġ

žĬСһﲻ֪ĶĨһȫǱʯСڰ߾ͺظСָûаСĴָӣʹ˳̵ľŰϴֵӸϡ

ɵһ̣鶼µġ

㲻ȥǸ𣿡Сһѵҿǰ͵ļˡ




67.  ʮ   ˫һ

ɽկȷʵھٰ, Ⱥͷ˵ԭЩɽΪȥЩþơֻɽ·ײһ䵥˳־͸ˡСҲ⡣

˶, ǸúȾƵĺȾ, óĳ⡣ǸƤྪ˵СӶϴ, ҹﻹܸϴ, ȫ¶
ԭƫ, ƴֿľˮǵһȥյķεյӡȺƱյ޼޵࣬һƬ͵Ӳӳ, ˳ܹȥһ·϶ûˡ

Сܵ÷ɿ, ռСĺô굽ݴ͸èƵģһ㶯ûС

ȥĶŸѹ

ȥõ㶫СſïʢĲݴǴƶСëʪĺèëƵԴϡ˵껰, ݴһ, Ѿܲˡ

ǽվ£ߴҹӵһǽشһߡƵȥСһָǼӡ
ʱûˡȺ˲֪ǲרҵôΣû˸𾯽ɽͷеģΪ˶һھȫȥǰǼӡż˸Сʯͷҳȥ̫ʯͷҳȥûǳʲô

û˰أûס

ӽǰ, ڰ׼һȥߵĲݴһζŲ궼ŷˣһСëԴ
һЦһѱ첲ĴһشܹŵĻ

۾ɳȥĶģ

ǰ氡Сһ㲻֪£ֱ׳Ƕˣ֪

Ŀ࣬СëӵĵӼֱסҲЩµʱս˵о׵ˣţҹȥ
˵꣬ǽǱߵӡ

ͬûˡ

˵ɽͷǰԭϽһСӡ̫СԼĪʮ˼ҡΪֻԭ򸽽ʱʱдܣסǲţ漸ʮ½½ˡӷñȺ˸ռˡ
ռռˣȴҲֻǵʱŵĵطûɡӷʮ꣬ưܲŴãѾùʴòоҲûɶãһžܵ

ȷʵţȻǰԺԶʵȥüġĥҪȻϣȹǾͱקһ¡

ͷһ˫۾ǱߵȵСӲָˡ

иգգ۾

ţǴɽ𣿡

ɽףʲôû֪궴

꣡ȥ

ŸƵӵĶߣɽߡȷʵиźСǿ϶ĽȥġҪܹǾеѡ

Уܵð۾ȥˣͷ

Сӻܹ͡ȻݣǷǳߴСüͷɷյΪʲôҪôߴأǸôˣ궼û£Ҳû£ô죿Ȼǰ⣿

ʲôţн㣡һͷУȶ취

֪ͲˣСһŶͷÿա
˺鷳Ȼ겻˶ôĶҲ겻ö಻ϸ룬˳˳òɶҲᡣƢãвҪȻһҸ깷ŸɻġߵҲУ˿϶Ǹǿ

ţǰ˰ɣԼߡСһ˵ģץץŵȹڣͷû๫ûϵҳҳ˸㵱๫

һƴĺס

Сһ˶ͷףһ޹ؿŰţң

ģСô˵Сë֪ôģ˲󣬻ǲ١Ų֪ÿоϻǸЦԼû侲ʱҲûոСгûڣȽȥţܣȽȥ

Сһе㲻ˣ˵

̬࣬ĵͷҰ㿴ţҾôӣ

λΣһƬţɫӽ񲻺õĻҲһóҿͷи֪ӻͰĶõˡŸһ£Ƶöһ£Ƕ۵һףعˡ
Ȼһɧζ˲Ʈ˲ס˱ӣɫࡣԭղǶҲͰŵĹͰͰһ£ˡ

ʱҲ˼ô࣬˳ȥǸСĸ䡣ûţԼҸġŴӸȥһۿŵˡ

ܹ񱻰סֽŶڴϣؿŴصĺһһ泯ߵգò

Ĺ͸ưܵĴɴսΰһĻҡӻ˵ģһŵùζܹϵİ׳ΨһɫǸӶǼûϴ

ЩţЩӱܵʱֻһѺȫҵӵӱӶǴС·̷̶ġ̶ڶ߳;棬ӱӶ̵Ͼ˯òЩҲϴ˯˼¾͸ࡣ
ػɣܹʱĲ״Ϊġܾһصĳζ۾ۡ

æȥһӰܹ

ܹҲûϵԼô죬ôסһ˾ʧȥʱڰŵļϣȵǻա
΢΢۾Ƥɬ۶ѣôˣ

ǱиҲû˼ôģȲ˵ôˡվ𣿡

̣ܹʵ﷢䡣ҡԴǰȻһڡܹҧŲûлȥſڰŵļͷֻ˵ߣùҡû¡

û¸ƨżͷ󺺡

µؿɨһȦ۾ǽŵĴŴĴãûзҲûи߲㡣ֻҪ򿪣ܳͨ衣

ȵȣŷȥѸȥ˴ߡ

ܹղõǵַһ亹ϵ·ͱĸȸˣŻٲȥ⡣Ͻס·嶼ô࣬ҲˣҩҲˡѾܾûԲˡ

ǲܹįһЦһ䣺Ƕ

վվֻͷؽᣬ߲̫Զ·ʱҲ˵ʲôðŷߵĻزִڸ鷳

һֻ첲ڰŵļϣŵ˴ߡȳⴰסȿȥͶһ˫īĴ۾ܹŵ۾һͣΪԼۻһȷʵиëС濴ơ

ޡҲͣ㣬㶢ŵ

Сӱǻһһǰȥˡ

ŷܹţԼط˸ճǱСһ˵ܹ죬ˣ

ܹǽߣӱʪȫϡʹ֪ʱŵĵСſ˿ֿ˿Լŵ֡ԥ⵶ǸúãԼ׼ȷ㡣ϾԴأòȵԼ˿ô죿

Ǳ߻ҡҡλε߹ﻹ߰С磬ˣɻСƤ۵һ¾ͺ죬ȴﻹˮ飡

ǰǰһԲ˵ĹӸͣ˿Ƕˡϴǲ֪ƤӰ͸죬۳Եİӻףҹưϵλܼˣ

Թԣ͸ô˵

ûûô˵ĵǲ

ֹģŵû뵽طйصˡٴżǵúȫò컨塣һսʬ޴档˵ٵʱƤʮ־ˡκձ硣Ůǣӵİ¹⣬һھйŮźɰ롣

ôòԣҲɵģҲһ㲻ԡҪǵٴ

ܹ˵ϢĲϡ

ܹȻһ⣬˻Դ˻ƵͳӦǰӱ

⻰˰šطôãһֱΪȻҵȴǺƽҲǾ׬ǮĻûʵϵѵҪ̣ܴ

սãȻȻһô䵽ԭԭһɽƱȽհˡĿǰս𲻻յĽʿʵһͿȻѵ춨ĺƽ̫ת

£ܹ·һֽԶںʮڣﲻս𡣡

ܹ⻰Ѱţȷʵԭûʲôսҡ㺫˴ǳأҲʮ顣ǸڵĴӣǽ

ô죿Ŵʿô

ɻϾʳ

ɷʿӣʬԯţЧȡһӪɱӱ塣ܹ˵ᣬһڣĪһɱϢ

ɪضһ£оأǣһȺ֮ͽˡ

ܹ˱۾ɫء

һγȥسǵпԤվͻҡʵû뵽㲻㣬Ǹײӱܹ֪󱱽Ǳߵ׳ʲô£־档Ҳ֪춨ĺƽûôױǲ̫ܡ

ԴϣһһֻţСȥţɡ

ôʱ⣬Ȼǲߡһ˷ߡ

κܹǼأ̧ܹЩļκʹϾҲֲš˰нϾ۵һ򿪡ܿ죬νϴ˲ԡһˣ϶ڵϡĿѸһɨ˴򿪵Ĵ

ʶСˣæƿ

ֻǲһԴϾضһѪۡһ˲䣬ѪĽûУȵˮܵ˰ŵϡһ˫۾һֻסǰһƬڡ
Уˣôˣ

£ܹĸ첲վģһ¡

۾סˣʵʱҲûҪܹɿֻƾƷ˷վһ̰Ŷоˮ⡣

СػȥΪƲУЦ

˺˲̳յӣŨҵľһһĵӿһŤŤһȦﲻסŻˡһȻûŻڵϾŻһ̲ˮĴ޵³һ̵ڴȱϾݴ

θĶ³־ָЩһɨŷֲԣڴߵСӵһ̯Ѫ졣ѪˮԽԽ࣬Ͳˣˣ

һˣһγĴ󵶾׷˳

Ⱥ֮ͽھӾΪΣٴľҲˡŭ׷һ۾ͿܹԤɽİˡ

վסһȣɿ׷

Ķᵽɤۣκδ·Ÿ˾ܵøһʱ򣬰ŲͣˡһӵܹһֵסĵκŤŰԱһǵ˳ƾ˿ա

Ȼˣľȴûɢܹ־壬ǽŲġ˹֣ȻҲ˸ƽ֡žرԼû֮վһ߰æﲻϡ

ֲܹղסҪͻȻҽһȥ

֪ӺδðСһıʯСһ׳ϥѡֺСϹȥС׳Ĳӡ

ܹ״ҡվһ׳Դ

ؿԴعϣ˵һˡ

ţţܹ֪ʮְԼǰɱˡɫ״ɫ࣬ŹȻȥ

޼ƿʩ֮£һҧĴϡ

ųʹ֮»ǰһպĿܹϢȣ£µšǸˣ˶ѣҪ¡ǲҲ̶ӡϵİճҲ᲻̫ƽѣѡ

ܹҲ֪ԼΪʲôֶؿŰŵָ˺ԽԽ죬ĺͣˡ

һоϢҪСӣͷиˡȥ

СĨһϵѪǵؿŰš

СʱǱڸСʱĸɱˡɱǸҳĸŰ̴ӡ̴ǱŮŪģҪûĸ̹ɱ֮־Ȼ󶮣仰һֱμС

ܹĻûԥܻͰڵϴ˸ˡ

ŵ᳤ˣȷʵЩѡ̫ףʵʵΪʲôôѣתһ룬Լ̫̫

кܶǮ뻤ǾͲ״ٻܶࡣ

ǵþ׬Ǯŵͷһ̵һ׬㹻ǮͿˡ

ܹ񣺡




68.  ʮ   ܹţ

ɽʵҲ, ľҲ٣ǵͰĲֲȻҲᱻѡĺõط˶ŴдУ׾ͱܹ֡񴩵һ, Ļжʮۡ

ŷĵǰ, 뿪ɽկ޴ڵˡ

, Ĩһϵˮ, Ŀֲ̫, ϡ˵ˮҪ߼ԺЩ߲ˣҸͨߡأǰĶˣ

ʲôͨߣΨһе, ˵Ǳץ, Ǹ򻹲֪Ķ뵽صòᱻɱ˰ɣ

֪ĶСˮһȦѾòӣڰɽ

ʱſ汻ɽ

һܹĶͷѾ̵ܼˡľһŵճô, ֻȰ˵ӡʬʮ, ʱҲ˲ôࣺţȥ

±˷ֲԣųŵʱ򻹽ŸˡǽǵѪˮֻʣһӡӡȥһѲݸһǣԼСһĵطȥ

ȺѾȵ־壬͵ǰͷӾʱƳûһվŵġССһѣĶúܣȥǣ

ǲҪǵ

, һѰ˸סȻ˵ҲССѪҲ̫£Ҫ

ҪٸܲӦ

СӴԱﵽĵط˩£͵ش硣ĶѾѵһɶŽ⿪ӣǣԱߡ
жܵñꡣʱǣֵ߱ĺ˳ӣ⵹ʡ˰Ų¡ϱӺⱲӾûǣʱ״»һڵġһȦſڣŲۻȥܹ

ܹ񱻷ʱŵġܲѣ״Ҳܷΰһˡǿ־֧ûȥڵĵһǣŻݣһ

ƽ￴º赭ģɱ׵ķ·ɱ

ŲͬȲ˵üŻ𣬾˵Щ˲ˡӱҲÿͷҲգʹǵҲǴɷǡ

ˣܹҲûһҪЩ˵ֻǱ߰ɡ

СһﱧűʯСϳûˡ

Ųϳܹľ״Ǹϲ˳ǺǻԼܡűӺݺݵ˦һƨɡʹһ˻ԺͷɿկѾڿɽĵطˣҪҲֻɽɽɽƽһ·³塣

˳嵽ɽ£ַؾС

֮м˵ȥץ˳Ųڱ˦ȥ֪˶ãڿһ֦Ȼͣ¡еļһҵķص˳ϣܵò֪١

ѾͣˣлŨˮһݻķҷŴӳѾһһ顣ܹԴؿľϣǰιȥСһﵹƤʵڰ߰һܹϳ

ʱѾݣѾˡ

УþҴ򡣡żĸ첲ŵľ֣κС·û߹ϵãˣҸطһ¡

һôãҲѾûˡҪ־֧ţ뵹ڵϾͲ
ڳصش˼ЪŴط
߳ԭ򲻾þ˽ٷˣ˵ǽٷ˵סԭ򸽽һȫܣҲ첻ӡ˲һʱӦûԭķ֮ڡ֪òԶžͷˡôɫѾ֮ǰ϶ǻزȥġ

ϥվԤҸڷ絲ĵطպһҹ

⿴ţŶӶùУһ٣ǵڶûнʳŴЩҲˣŻϴһ𣬳ʲôûУȥҿû¶޵ĵط

СɽܣҲˡܹƤеء
֪Ŀǰ״ĵͷ

Ҳ֪ߣֻڵϼ˸ľһһ߻ҵס⣬ÿûʲôܹҰ֮Ķ

þǵסŲû߼Ϳһ

һƬΪ߶ľȽϴ󡣰ҵǼһҲĸˡòԶǸϽȥܹȻѾ꣬ʪ͸ѴϷһ͸ĵճôϽȥɲջ

һػһһʪˡ

Сһ￿ڻԱѾ˯ȥɽǰǰôˣȷʵˡʱϣ׶вʵҲۣ˯֮ǰȰܹʪѸһһ̵ֻ־ס

ͦ󣬰ŶѲˡ

ʾ֣ʪҪġ
ʵѾˣյ˶ЩͿ

ܹ񻺻۾ǰţŻɿ־ȻɿȴҲûǧɿ־￪ʼ˵Űŵܡ

ΪǸܣȰŲŷֲԾ

Ȼֻʪܻбԭ

ûбԭôһ˵ͷǸĶ䣬С̶ˡЩʲôɲõ㶫
õĶˣ˶ʲô·ںСﶼĶ

ǰŵĹζ۾ĲǷ۳Ǹȼð̡ܹǼϰ죬˲֪ٽȥʱܵöҪըˡֻŰˣгĵطȥ

ȣȵȣȻʵǲԣѣ

һֱֻܹţֻʣһֻǿŵġżͷ󺹣Ƴһ۹սǿŵСֻ̫ԱŤֻſܹĶ߽ؽ֣һ㣡㣬һ㣡֪Լڸʲô𣡡

ܹ֪ƨֻ֪ԼҪܲˡ

š

鼱֮£ŻһСૣڽ֣ңңۣ

ԭΪ£Ҳ˭֪ܹӦ۾һ˫۾Щˡ
ؿŰţȻһקŰž͹һȥ

ﳱʪĺܣϵĲݱһʪһȦһ͡ŶҪѪˣѹȴ㲻֪Լʲô¡ſڰŶԴ˵һ䣺šҺܣҺ𣿡

ŵһʧ˶ɵˣ




69.  ʮ   ԣ

, ôеţֱţؼ˻, ѲˡҲʲô֪ĹŴС, ЩûԹȴܡֻǰŵһ״, ˻ܹ, ʵ²ֲܱ֡, ˾˼ҵĸо

ѣҪ

ܹһ˫۾ʱѾβ·֬Ⱦɫ, һаĺ졣
赭ܹȫһܹ񣬴ʱ˫۾ͷ·һ, һ۶ܽȥŲ֪ΪЩ̴̣˲٣㣬һ̰ɡ

̲ˡʱ̳֪٣ܱﵽʱѾ־ˡ

, š̵ܹŵ, ̵úܡ֪ʧȥʶΣֻǵ߶ŵ֡
ŵɤһһģе˶䶼Ҫȷҡ

޹ģһ˲ʴӡ
Ȼ԰ôһִˣͷ˭ûèƬ㲻ɶĻҲǿԵġǶܹɾɽѩ¼, Ҫ涯ܾ.ۡƳһѾ߰ȫԼص

ţţš

ʵǱ߶Щȡ
Ρۿ۾ԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬öҪγѪвԼ˺öӺ;չ˵ðֵˣҪǾʹ˰ã

ֿ̧һ棬С겻֪ʱ
ģǼȫǻ˲ľζˮڲҶˢˢ졣ۿܹĺԽԽ٣ϢҲԽԽ֣ѾܲҪϢĵزҧҧʹ¾ģңҰҲУ

֮£˵ҧͷ

ҲˣνʳɫҲôһټ˺Լǰ۾һİ󣬾»Ҳܲˣһǣܹ֮ңô㶼Ȳѵģǹռˣܹң

ܹˣô

ץ֣Ѿ䵽ʵ

һףһס˽˯Сͷ۾խƵһƵĵͺŴ죬޵ૡ
ľɡ첻֪ʱѾĻΧһĵıӻеĻڳʪĻҡҡ׹һռ䡣עĴеĶϲƱ봭Ϣ·ˮӲ

ʡԣ

֪˶ãһƬڡѾͣˣĻѲ֪ʱҲѾֻʣһС磬Ųŷͣص³һ

ϵ㰲Ъ˫Ŀأ˳۽ܵظ̴ٵĺѾָƽ˳

˲֣Ͻʰҵѡʪ͸ѴʱѾɡܹƣ˯ţջд.պ졣īң޽ʪӳŰƤ΢΢ſĴһһǳĺȴĪԳһĴ

ſһ۾͸ϽջߣܹһѾɵùϡ˳ҵͷ׵촽ҧһƤֹģ̲סһƣ̫ˣӲûôڡ

ӱܱͿسԽȥ

ޱȺ£ԼüαԻǡҪԼͣ´ʱѹһšķһѶӶùСĴͣʱȴҲҹһȥҳʳŴ̬ûбȵƻ˭֪ĽҰĻ᲻Ұޣ

ŸƳһ˯ŵˣĪֵòʧ˵ĸоʱҲǼƽЩʱҹﲻ֪᲻ָ꣬ʲô

룬üЩաŲ̫ܵԶѨ˯ֻȥ

ҹʵ䣬ֻɽܹǱܶࡣһ磬͸һƬصķ·ǦȻ̧Ͷһ˫ī۾

޺ݺ˯һѾѹСһһ죬ҲѾˡŵʱ򻹴Щʳǰĥ̡СɰװһɰóҲĿˡһûԣӳ˰һգŴ۾Թɵ

ʲôľͷִ꣬ʪ·˯һСһ˵еġ

ŵ־ʵЩģ⻰Ȼعеɣʲô

ôһζСһӣСƵĲȷ˵еζ

ɫһãŴ˰ɣ

ӣһ޹ҡͷûζôûŵ

ŶСһʵֻһʣ˵ûУҲûзҪ˵е˼

ǲ˵ˣ˰ؿһŰڶѨ˯ŵܹƽŽ촽ϵͷժĬĬ졣ڸǵĵط֮һСɵӡӣСһûĵĴ˵ֻǻرϥڵϡ

ϵѸԺڻѸǰʵеȡŲóȻѻˣһҹµָܹͣư¡ĽҰģлܱûáüòŲẦ£ҲһЩҹеҰޡ

ڶһ첻̫ߣһʵ͹ȥˡ

ܹѹѾǺҹһ죬ʱѾ˯ȥ˯
ȱߣСһŶҲ˯ˡСŰţ˯˲档ܹʵʮܣ඾Ӱ죬ÿֻҪһӹͷ͸ܹۡҧһֳŵϸŵ˳ƻȥ¶۵¡

΢΢һ㶣ת˲Ժʲôһ£ȻһסԼ۾

찡׸ʲô£ǻعԺܹһ롣κĻԺ֣ϵӿ֡˴˵ĺԼǰһ˫ˮɫһܹۡѹһԶӿͷ˿Ҫĸо
ӣܼҵļ̳ٴСԴ󣬶ݵһӾû㰧˭ɾڽҹ֮ǰΪ¿ϧ죡

һ𶥵ɬģ˶塣Ȼʰ塣ܹ˼粨ηĺĴ鲻

֪˶ãʰⷬ顣

վߵŵĸǰǰ˯úڳŮӿһɱİĶţţȻһֱԶûһ̱ȴ˿̾˵Ĺϵ˵Ľһ־ܽ§У

ţš

ֲ֪䵽İŵϣ䵽ĻҳָԾ롣˯֮еİ֪޾ҰҰͣ˯øˡ

ܹ֪Լʱжų⣬·Ҫǰ˽סҳʮֹصջָתĬĬѾҪϨĻѲ˲ûЩڰұ߿ڵĽ

һҹܿ͹ȥɫѰŵߴߴһƴ۵Ĺ͸ս©˰ŵϣ۾ʱѨѾûܹ

ĿһϵѻȥſԶԶˡ

·ʮֻó岻ʡջûʶģѾ̫࣬ʱһֻֻҰǵ߹

ˣҲЩƣɫ׵ԻڲС

ҰרҵʦİŲܿƵð֡лҲȥʱܹųصĲ߹ǲ̫ȽģŸϽȥӡ

һű߿˯СҲˡ

һһҹŶӺߺ۾ŽӹҰеܹģôִĶŪҰģ㣬㣬ȥˣ

ܹ񣺡ʯͷҵġ

Ŷŵͷ˵ģץȵȣʯͷҵģ

ͷҰôɵģʯͷҲҵ

Ҳֻ֮ҰǺѵġܹԴֹɵѾͷ²һе£ججԵɵɵģˣǱɽȪԸ߼·͵ˡȥϴһ°ɣ𡣡

θѾܣҲϻˣ޾ָܹķߡ

ȵȣһܹ쿳ԴĴɱȻۻǵ𣿻һвУ⵶ɱˣӦ

ܹǷеĵͷлļ

ŤͷһʯͷҰɡ

Ȼʯͷ⼦ŪԺ󻹵ÿƶ࣬õǲеġƳ۴󵶣ЩΪѡۿ⵶һ˵ͷ­ܾ⵶˯}ûţ˰ˣȱһʰҸȥȥ

ҸһɡȻʰǸȥá
лͼˣֻҪѼŪɾҶ㣬ͷٹһͣ￾ǡʧ⣬ϵĶյøɸɾֻõҰǣǿһûζĽл

һټ¶ȥ˵Ҳָ˲١ܹ԰׵ɫǺÿˣСĵĲСӴߵķߡ߳ײһĳӡ

պҲسȥģ˼Ǳͻͣ




70.  ʮ   СӣȢΪá

Ǵǰݳǵ̶ӡвʲô䱦, ǻһزķ˻ؽΪݹأҵȥ;л£صɽݳԶھɳʮոǿʦ͡
ơг;мܹ, ߻һ׵ĺͽ档, صһ̡

һˮһ, оǻлһ, Ǹм

һ·, ۳Ͷ٣ʱһ͵ЪϢ
ʦ͸ͷĳжһȺæǰæ췹źܹΧڲһŴССںˮ, Ⱥææµµ

⳵һǴ˼ңҰ, һһ͸¶žȻĹءˮˮȹȹŷܹڽĻѱߣްؿڰŵߡ

һյĴ꣬ɫá͸Ҷ˼ϣ°߲Ĺߡ
Ÿܹһˮͬʦ̸һ·ϲ̫ƽ, Ӵ, ɱӣŵ̶ӿ಻ԡƫԭҲûйٸϽ䰲زŻδΡԭİҪˡ

ͷǷʲôˣܹһˮɫɲ԰ס

ܳʲô£ͷڴôͷ̣ʵҲϡ棬һʦ̾˿ĵ, ⲻǱ˸˵ܽõܣѹܽλá˿һҹӵƢƲѧٴȥһͲҰܣǧˡ

ܹˮһ٣̧

ܽڣܽǰͷĳǳصҲûʲô©ھֳϴǱҲܹɣ˽²Ƣֳһǧ˵Ļƽ֣һڽʿûг̽ţǱҪҳһࡣ

Ҳûö٣Ǳ߲ˡʦ̾һĴܣǱˡ

û뵽һܹ˵ӱȷӱһǾľ̲ɣ

ǵᣬʦһǣƶܽǰѽЩǼشٶʮûָϰջм갲ӹ

Ƴһֵܹܹͷȥˮ
˵Ů¹ȷʵ¹ʸòѧƷжһһľʶ֣ϰ䡣ʱʦҬBڿޣ˰ѵһšʮսʮ꽫ŵô߾ȥ⡣ʮѾҪְϧ磬ȻⱾǹƵû

ֹţҲЩܵӱҲǸ鷳

ɲǣǵھȻߣѰѺ͹ƷҲߣţǲ֪ε䰲ǸʲôƢԡǸʵµģҲЩ

ŶԹٸ鲻УʱᵽǾԼԹעһ¡ιϵĿɲ̶Ӱȫн˰ߡ
˵ŻһʦһͷҪһʦͷĵһ۾䵽˰ŵϡȻǱȴκﶼڸǲ˵֮ʦڵһ¾ͺˣ˵ĿİͰ͵ģʦԵ㶫ɡ⣬е㽴ˣųԡ

ûģ̧˲ʦȻƿߡ

ţ

ܹ۾΢΢ҹкֵ˴ҹʱȻ־״ʵЩ˵ˡʱʶѵģȴúܡ˵һ׮С£Ⱦ纮ܹ˵ǻ˼Ĵ֡һĺܾܿͻҪ

ŽӹʦһͷҪ˵лл۽Ƴܹ鲻ԾʱһݡһĶͷȻڷա

ʵϣʼܹڷգϵĵաͷıʹҲʵֻ̣ܹڰһǰۣȴκ˿ľȡĶͷַؽָľࡣ¶ȸߡ

ŵָһȥĴʶ鴤һ¡

ַˡ

뵽ϻسǶһȥ˰֮ãʱͼˡ
ûʦܻĴܹһ˲ʧ䣬ͼæѯʵ˼Ҫͷǡ֪ǳӿд򣿿ɷֳӹҹһҹ꣬ݺ˲ɾĶʱҪס

ĪĪ
ʦһ·ܹһڣòΪסŵĺӻһ塣۾ǵƵĻǴī²⼸˵ݲ򵥣һ·϶̬ΪʱżҲûϸ룬վȵȡдġǷ˴һ·еģҪʹˡ

úãͷʦ˵ʵ֪ûпɹϢĵط
ееġ

˵ţʦһߵͽܣæСֳȥǶЪЪ

һ·ϻͷˣҹҲЪϢġ
ʦ۾һæֳҰɡţЩ
˵ܹ꣬ȴܹס

ЩΣ£ҷžСֳЩϲ˴

ͷҲûջ֣ϽӺͷȥ

ֻôһι̣ܹŲ鸡ֹסðһ亹գգ۾ǰЩġܣɫԽز԰

ܹʮְգҲôѷúһ˼͵䲻Ȳã⻹ܱһĵôԴжԺһֱһưܵϷ䣬ʱ򣬺ܹķջ𡣵ЩݲУͻ֧顣
ΪǵĹϵļһҹȻ𣬴ʱ·𱻽һˮ˰ųԽԽˮƳŻӵꡣһɱ꣬Ļ佻̲֯סԼ߲ȥŰռźô

ôˣߣŤͷ

£ܹסеĿɬ԰׵ϻָ赭΢΢ƣڰϣţҷϾȥԵ㶫ɡعң˯һ

Ų죬ȴҲ֪ôˡֻܹ岻ʣûо˵ʦİ£ܹŵ΢Щĳᡣĵ˺ĵص棬ͷҲ̸ǡȥĻȻߴȴ㹻ܹЪϢˡ

ϢƬ̣ȥõԵĺȵĹʦǸͲ꣬ŨüۡҪʮӢ䡣Ӣ䣬԰ŵʱġŵκһȥͻῴ಻ֱӡ
ȻͷĿİͰ͵صʦʦȥǰͷʾˣܿдĪġ

úãˡ

ʦŤͷĳﱾñ˯ܹû˯һ˫۾ؿŰš죬Ҫ˼ֱ۾

̧Ľһ٣üͷôˣ

۵İɣСӱŶ̸첲վڰߡ

۵ʱҲ˵룬Ǿܹ̬е֡ôһλʦѾѴˡ

ԶԶһͷĴͷһһ߹ͷܲһǸһֻ۾һֻ۾ڵĹŹֳࡣͷͷ촽һģʮֿ̱ĸоһ˫۾Ϭþҹﲻڴ̨ϵԧè

߹Ҳûи˴к˼ƿǰͷİţԼ

ű΢һͿһֵֻʳָָѾܹϡ۾ָָظƤಫĹ켣

ջָͷһص˼

ϴˣСӣȢô

һ㶣ɴ۾š

ܹ񻺻۾ҡҡͷ

ȢΪãҩζɵڡϴ˵ûͷûԣĪһζ˺ӣӵһӱҪһУڶҲˡԺ඾͸ˡ




71.  ʮһ   

ܹһ, һűʶؿš֪򶨵ԼΪλţ˻֮һ̣һĶ

Ȼ, ŵüͷ, ɫЩŹ֡״ȻͿһ¡

, ûܹ˼ȥҾ֪Ǹ, Ѿ׼𾪵ĲܹǸ鷳, ϴ˵ÿ֪һЩϴ⻰˵ʲô˼ʲôаѶɵŮӵڣŮӻ, һڶͽ඾һ˵Ĵ˵ڵĻôűʾ⡣

ϴϲҪ⣬βֻҪﵽĿľ͹ˡ˵ζķʽĽ, ԸԸȥڲԼ

۽ƳŲͬɫϴЦһž઺ҩվСôࡣ಻ʵʵ˵ˡСӦǱ˶ӾҩˡζĻһӾͱáӱ˵, Ըܻܲδ֪

ʲô˼Ŀһ͡

СжҲм˰ɣ

ϴ򲻹Ǻһȴƶܹ״ָƵ, ж˸˶һһ˵ҽ˵ֲ˴룬ȴûɾЩоСԵĹӲдҲǾ˻ĥˡ

ȫҪܹɫ˲ͱˡȻϴ

ϴû˵ȴӦ˵ˡ

Ų֪ܹĹҵʱܹѾǸ벻ӵ״ΪѰŪ˳׵ģܹҲŵӽһЩ
˵ڸսܹŪؼҵʱ, ͽٳ࣬ʱʱŻһѪʱһΪ˴򣬴Ҳ˵ҩΡ·һиܹʩŰȹûʲôеġǺмȻʩˣ˵״ʩܾȵġ

˵ⶾӵ˺޴󣬶Ů˵ȴΡ
ϴƿ˰ŵ˼ЦЦһʱգƢҲЩ಻̫Ӱ졣ŮӻУ඾ԶתƵõȥȻָ

ôʲôۣ඾תƵȥ

Ǻأӵ

Ǹ׷׵ԽͷǸƢʩҩҪʹˣ⻹ͷһر׷ʣػأСӱҩϾõġŮӸз㻳УӴһʼǸ̥ܻĸ£䡣

ˣֶҩ

ôûУ֮治СϴһȻΪΪôؽӣô˳ԵʲôŹֵĶס̥ǣ㲻ҪϹ¡

û뵽ܹ¹ҩϾá³һʱ־
һǳҹ壬˵լ˾ࡣȨƣĻΪһ𴫳СģڴլͷӦҲǱ˶ŵһӡ˱֣Ҳ䵽ԭһ룬Ҳǲ⡣

ǡţûбķôǵɵŮڣ

Ƕ˵׵ķӡ

ţ

ϴڲˣɫҲÿЩȻֻЩ඾̫ˡһ࣬໹ʩ.һأ඾Ѿĸ˿Żʵˡһ纮ҪС

⵹ǣµʱ涳˼ʱȥ͸ղֹ

ıҭסˡ
һֱ˵ãƽؼġΪ˲ЩúõĻҲľͻѾһ˵ĶҲܾȣǵŮԼŮӣ޷ܡӲ֪ŮӻࡣŮһʮ̥꣬ˡⲻŮӵ

š˸ӣܹϡԧ۵ϴӹҽ

ܹȴ̾Ϣһ۾л򣬴˼

ϴûǿ˵ֻⷬ顣
Ƴһ۰źܹһ˫ԧԽèСӣеڶĶͷ߾͸ټҩɰζ˲࣬ҩҿԸ䣬ӳ㡣

ڵĲ֢ǡæʡ

纮ˡϴҩ䣬ͷȡһƿӹ̫̫飬ӳŲס඾η纮α겻α

ץ纮ҩɡܹؿصؿһ

ϴûǿƿݸţһˮˮȥǡ

˵꣬ҩǮûգҩˡ

ű˵ǲƭǮģ˼ҩǮѶûҪʱ־ԼС֮ˡֹŹֵĸоɰŻһִѧľϴĻжвŮģѵŮɣ

һСʦҪ˸룬ƿȥǰˮ

·СʦһֱಽظԱһĿⵣǵǸΪޣ˵һҽҽʮ˵áԭߣ˶ǿ顣ƢŹ֣ԭĴﶼβ

棿ŽŲһ١֪ŮѲ˶Ϊĸˡһ޵Ƹȡӵġ

ȷʵǸĴ

ǧȷ޴ٲġǷ˵ʵڲãȥֳǧϸ޴ĻʦЩ죬ƮƮĲҿţǰ˲ûȥָȻ

ָЩˡ
˵ȷǸ˵ܾþΪ˾Ҳһ޹ŮӰҸĸŮ̥ܵ˵ӵҲ䲻˼ŮƵ̥ŮǾ޴ˣָв
ʱŮӱ΢һ¸üѵëҲԻΪ˴ҲȢ檡ǸŹֵĴ˵ĻģַӾδ˽

ˣҪһЩˮҩ裬˻ȥܹ񣬡Ȱķ纮κ˵

ܹҩ˯ˡ£ӷ¾͸Сʦȥ緹Сӽȫ̰ĺܣ֪ӲʡҲҩһ룬˰ҩˮغˣͿڰŽűߴ

ŷоͳġϾ޴֪ддķӲһط̫ͣáһأˡ˼룬ȥǸ޵Ĵ˵ҩԲǣβķӻǵ˽⡣

ûбķô޴򣿡Ÿ޴̲סʣһ㣬Ůɵķӣûô

ϴĥҩۣ֪Ūʲôҩζšһ˸һŲ֨֨˶䶼ˡͷ˵Ҳû̧ͷ׵ķӡ

űһ仰µãҭ

޴ȷʵƢһ˲һβȫƾȤ˾ǲҪǮҲܸΣˣǧݵǰƤҲգһµġ

С޴üͷҩˣæ㲻Ա㣿

һҭҲûʳʲôҩ㬵ˡ

˼޴ԶˡͿһСͯһӹȥôһԶͷͷõʲôѳˣԲ£Ͻߡ

̾˿صתͷ뿪




72.  ʮ   ʲô棿

һҩ軯ˮ, ˯һ磬ܹĵվȥĲ˵˵޴ҩЧġ޴ҩġܲ, Ϊȥ˼ҺúõĹ, Ҳ²ȥ֡

̾˿, صһȫ֮ߡҩϵҩҲ, ֻȽҩӸ

ЪϢôһ, ʰʰҲ׼̡ŰвʦɴཫԼóԼͽͷ
Ⱥ˲ѵ, һʰ׵װ

֨ѽ֨ѽ߶, ܹ˲ֽţҲ˯š

һۣѾسǡʱسǳſڴǰͷǹ̶ܼ顣ſڴȺȵ˳⿴һۡɫѾ΢Ϧ, һƬĻơ
ԭ䰲سǲϸ, Ǽǰ䰲һɧšεǳأسǵĻϸԱ

ŷ³ӣĵƬ̡ܿͶˣߡ

ִ䰲ĿջʱѾʱԺɫڳֵϼҼһ˵ƣƵĵƻҡҷӳյĽֵһһŵůơźܹ״ȻͲס޵ӡǷԾͰ˰ﵽ, ˳Ҳﰲźܹһͷ

ŶԴʮָлһ·Ҳûҵȥллλˡ룬¥ȥ氲ŰסʹѯǷȥл
ʹǷźŮºסŰŹһ¡
氲źܹסޣȴֻԸûƼ˵ġ˵ǴصһһŮƤʮ־ˣȴûϡʱһƤĵĪļҹ⣬̬Ҳͻ

ŵûôֻ࣬лһ·˵ĺ⡣

⽫˵ˣŮ澾Цˡ˵Ǳţʱտȥһֻһſʣû˵һĺǳ⡣
ջĴǱߣ޴ڳʳѳԣôֻЩⶫǸ˳Եôʳ֮ζζͬʡǿջĴʳģ⻹ûϷԼĸأߣ಻һģ

ʹӼ״ǸЦЦ˳˵ùЦˡ±ߵ޴޴βˣҽʮ˵ãв֮ʿеƢ

̹ҲûôȷǱúţȥл

˵꣬Ů˾Բס󼱴ҴҾȥ

ۿ˵¥ת᷿Ůյ޴СذϴɫԺÿЩӽһһƣǿͷǺðɣ㣬һ·Ҳܡ

ŮȻǺӦæȥš

Żص᷿ʱܹҲѾˡ˯һ״ѾúܶࡣʱߺˮɫЩ԰ȴˡ
СſϷ۾ŵƻġ

ˣ߹ȥ˵Ŀⶼ

šܹͷɫЩ
˵һ֪Լ״Ҳһʼ͸ֱԹȢޡĽ°ڵŵǰܹǾѿʱհŵĵĶһ˿ΪֻҪҧӲŵĻԼܹЩʱա̲סţЩӵΪ񰵴˼һˮŽߵİʮֲܡ

Ų֪ΪߣΪΪĻܣӦûбķΣġ

ܹġ˶٣źۼ˼ŵЦţ֪

̾һˣ¶Ժ˵ʱҲöˡȥ濴ûʲôʳܸܲ档

ܹʵûθڡ˵ЦЦá

תͿȥˡ

ŴԴܹһСüëСȴؾ쵽˵Ȼ֪ԭ򣬵ܸܹܵȻ

Ҹһ𡣡˵꣬һµ°ʣž׷ȥ

һŵŵܶգۼСһ˸ûӰܹǰҡҷ͵͵ش

һ죬ҹͽУҡΡ

֪ʲôãһ͵͵̾Ϣ

ҿջʱ䰲һҿջշ࣬˵ʵҲûбԭö١סģʳϲġĲɫ䰲ĴǷһˡðŵĻ˵εˣʳ÷˶١Ȳ˵ˣҰǾʵġ

ȥʱջĳչȥˡͷæµǳӵĳ
˵գʵ˵ǳŲסһ̯ġŵҲûе˳յ˼ʱŪãʣ˲ʳġſһۣҪȥԼҴʳġҲǴӺδΪ·ʳıʣʳҲһЩչࡣ

Ǳȥһ£ܷһЩʳġллأʱ֡һַܹ˵ϣһֱŷͷ

δذż˵˼Ŀ˵ҪЩÿ˻档ǶûȥʹҲûҪӣǸֱӸȳһЩ
⳵ʳĲ٣Ҳûö١ҿջȻʳϻͦȫȡ˵׼档Ȱŷϣٸһ⣬˵УԤ˸ӡȻʵ⣬һȥηֻǿԴպϵġ

Ǽ˵ģű۾ܳ

к˶һʼӡֻǼ򵥵ӣмһ֣ζǸǵġζһƮ
ôһҲûʲôˣ԰Ǳ߸óԵĶԹˡھЩˣϴԷͼһʳûôི˿ջõҸͳʳһͨԱȥЪϢ˳ʰϸʹڣֻаšʱ˶ŰŵǿڹˮҪ

ûע⣬˸СڱΪܹ鷢

ʹʰ궫ŵĹ˺üۡ

죬һ͸һտˮ档ûʱֻܽζЩæأſͻȻЩ

ŤͷһǸƢ޴һԲվſڡ

һ㶣ʯ֮뵽ʲôðһ˿⡣һ棬һ治ɫؿš

Ȼһſڵͷװģʵʲôأ

æţͷҲصػһ䣺氡

Ŷͷͷ

Ҳ˵ֽżһˮ

ƫϸҪΪÿ˻Ƕȥգ۵ĹƮŵ˻ÿŵסתôҨһӽȥûиֻˮװĹζζҲˡ

ͷһûȵһ˼Ӿ
ҲߣվűߣͰ͵ؿš

͵סŸ͵סƤӶһµģһȥƬ̺һӽȥôһԵ롣ǱͷۿҪߣɰͰ͵ؿס

ͣ£Ť

ͷһ±ӣϵɰͣ濴ͦġ

УбۿԼ档

ͷĶʲô棿ֻ֪ⶫζŰŵϾص˵ͷζҲ

û˵ͷҪߡ

СѾͷͷʱͼˣæסţ𣿡

ۿҪˣŸɴؾܾ

㣡

ͷקһӣ⻹ͷһϲˡŹƮζŸղųԵǵζĲˣʱ;ÿˡ°žôˣߵŸǰȵȣʲô๫඾벻ˣ

۵һЦ⣬ȻеԤУȴû뵽Сһģɻ㲻˵ûķô

ʱ˵⻰ͷϣĪҪҿñӡ

£ͷȷʵû˵˼Ҳˡ

滹𣿡յýŸˡ

̧

Ȼһ룬롣ͷҲúܣ˵ǵԴ͵ĻϾСеĶȷʵе㼬֣Ҫµȥζķӡ

а취ſģе㲻ȷˡͷò˵ƭ԰ɣ

ôǡ

ŸŪһ棬ͷһĨ˵ѣ̫ˣӶҪˡҩҲܸãһĹ˷иǿŮܰųеһȻǸ׵ġ

˵꣬ƨɾˡ

ŶҪЦͷһģٶȶˣ

صܹɫ̲סһ䣺ôˣ

ſЦõһܹˡ취УͿͷܾܲܲĿǲһ˿͸һ˿ߡüı˪ɢЩľǣһ̣ܹĪ֪

ˣͷа취




73.  ʮ   ˫һ

ڿջЪϢվҪ, ŸܹȴܸȥǵġͷĲ¡ˡ϶ߡ˸ǣǾԶˡĥһϾòô׵طͷˡҪˣĶҵˣ

һ, žͲóȥм

ܹæµıӰ, ӿһֹŹֵһɬּ˿˿۵ĸо˶ֱ֫Ϊ鱼ǰæ, Ҳ̫Ƿϲǡû, ׸ҲȺ, ĵġ

Ҫס޴ʵҲǺѡǣסһ޷ҵʲô֢ҩǡ

ܹͷ˿, һŢȥٵ࣬ʦһɾѡʦѶǵȻҺɫ, ߶ܹԳһ޳ж⼸Ļ䣬ݡ覲褣ϴһ±ȥˡ

ҵ޵ʱͷҲŸ˯ͷضͷϣ·, ŹǷһˮ׼ϴܹ, Ϳ⡣
ʱƤõռˡղִ֮ûϸܹ񣬵û뵽˳ģͷ䲻ɫȴòϣе˾Ŀֻܹվǣͷɫÿ٣ҲûáոӵķӶ˵Ѿ׵ġ״Ըסôڵġ

ӡһܹĿڶһ¡

סҲÿˡ۽ǵһЦΪ, ܲûԹԷ

⻰˵Ĳ֢Ϊġ
޴ץץͷ´һܹ񡣼üĿȳȣǶܹĸйٲȥȷʵϧϧȴ¶ѣѣвܵòסֻһи༬ֵⲻý

ܹǺεȵüۼɶ֮ɫȻһ۾Ϳ

¼̸ӣҲûǿ⳵ߣһʱĥһĥݹšҹҧĵģܹǵЦⲻԾЩ

õģžеľǡϴ״ͲǵȽӣǮָ˼ҡĿǰӲԻЩִ֡ϸŵĲУֻܿ.աͷˮϴܹ񵭵һЦת¥

ŻʱչʱЩҲŽ
һ㳯ʳһһ¥޴סŸʳȥ˺ҲʳֻΪ׵ĹϵʳƫɡֳʳĿǰûУٽûеġ

ҪĺóԣҪһʣȻ

ŶӿջġԺȾһͿøʯǱĥҩĵ޴ͷӰһͿˣҹԵ棬һš

ŹŲɿ죬Ⱦͽ˺

Ҫ˵㣬ӵղһǿǿڵζãֵĶÿֺóԡ־ǹ˵ġֽؽʵ࣬øĵһٶȵص˸ڶһζͿʼһԽõߦƤ

ͼߦƤһõǰ档Ĺ͸ÿڸҲáҲͣôһܹҲ䲻ˣȴģ£Ȼֻ迴۾һģһظ̳

˰æ˺ܿͰСһٸʵҽһһذȥһˮϰӾܳԡ

˵鷳ʵҲ졣սϡǱһҲˡ

Žǹȣˢһͣһһļȥը߶ըζһðϵģʮֹ˲档ÿӼһײըĽƾһưˮȥһζ͸Ƶķɱ֪ܵʱѾںſڵҩϴǼ⡣

һֱŲһҩޱĥһ˫ԧֱضźͷҲ˵Щζ

ֻƲ˼ȣǱߵĹܳ

áˡǱҲˣūǹȡˮһҪллˡûʲôõóֵĶǱһȥ

ǸãӵĳҲǡˡӣȻŵĳΣӵζ²ǲġüĿ㣬ټòв˼ֺÿͷúÿܹռ˵ģ÷쾫ͷСӲȥ˵˵
ӣȻ⣬ϾУ˵ţ̧Ƴһܹ䲻رܹģݺݻһ

Թԣû³ãص˾Ȼ˵ò

ŵͷ۾Ʋͷﵽǽվŵͷܹ㿴ŹӾܳˣһӡ˲ãƤáƤ˿ɲãͷģһɾʧζˡҲһ㿴ʱ͸ɱƹͷˡʱ򣬼ǵһЩ֥ʹ顣

ܹȻʹӵĹǣԳͷ߹ȥŹ

ŴǱȡһСԸ˽ϡԹʵպպڸˣ˿ζЩϲպϳԡ˿ζ嵭θƣպҲ㹻úö͸ųȥ¥ϡ

޴۾ĺǺ޲ýŵɴһĳʳؾͲҲһݣ벻ȷˣ
޷޲ƽཱུؽ졣

ܹ̲ס۵ϸЦҲʱ˸ɾӸȫʢ

ζͷܲסԼȡ֪վܹ

ܹ񣺡޴ˣ

ûͷ۾Ͳڼϣ۰Ͱ͵ģء

Ŷܹͷһʢ£ֻ˸װһ߲һ߽Ȱڷŵ롣ǳȻƵĿǶһر˵ζʳָ󶯡

ͷ˸վ̨ĸǰ

оԭүһģһܹᵽүʱˡСͷʹԷֱӣԣԡ
סЦ⣬ִӹﵹһСףһ꣺ǣҪԵ

ͷ۾һܹ·𿴼˻ЦǽһüЦúúá

ܹЦԴԺƺҲôܶࡣЦһȺʹ׶˵Ժʯϣתͷһ䣺ҪԹⶫŵ־ͷûеġ

ͷ֣һ־ʱͲˣãҲܳԵ¡

ܹЦصͷȡһ

ⶫͷһܹ԰ŵĳŲҪɵĵ޴Ҳ˵ˣͷġԵʱǧע⡣

һ䣬ܹתͻȥˡ

ԭΪС޷ǾΪ඾ֺͷﰵعŲڵأ˷¶ôˡ죬е㲻ˡϵʳʳʮˣͷǿ˿Ӽһ

һȥüͷչѾͷȻƢãջǲġ

ƢõѾͷŴʱ桮ˡŮ澽ӣһɿɬҩζֻһȣеġĿһɨע⵽ŵӰŮ澵ʾ£ߵ˸ǰл

ںҩԻ̧ͷһ
ԼĪʮ˾ģűȰŴꡣż򵥵ĸ٣һ˫ԲԲƣ֮ɫмֹѵĺݣ̫ݣŵƴӰŵĽǶȿʮֽСΪԵʣͷ̫Ũܣ͸¶һŨĲ

ĿԣˡڰŵòЦǸ˿εĹҡ

һЦһɴζ

ŵͷָһ顣Ц̫ſ밲Ǿֵ֣֮ͣأ

Ӧǣǵõлġ£ֳ˶Է˵Ǿ֮ͣȴǲͬûзԮֳ֣Ųǲ֪ʲô¡

һ˺¶˵˵ˡ֪ܹ״ȷʵΣգֻ˵ǿ׻ҲøˡʵϣΪӾòԵʣѾܾûи˵ӹ÷ܲ꣬ڷлزԴʻܸˣü˸Ųͬհϲ

ֳӺôɻҪץҩ˷ҩ룬ʵ

ˣѾ߶

˵ͷŤͷŮϽϲ㣬ǸģðŲ졣һҲʦ˵˵Ӽ̥ģСͱ϶ʮꡣʱŶڹɫ˵İ֮ɫӺþңӺÿɾҡ

ţƺ°žóƣæĿڻǽˣճ̣ԡﲻһԽǡ

ŵûʲôģͷհšԽ㲻Իšԭʳʳ⡣ظֳͬгţȥسǰЩ顣ֻû뵽ѣ·ܡһЩϸˣǰǱ

ԭԭ򸽽Ҳܡ뱱Ǳ߻Щ·̣û뵽ֹܵһ䣬ߵĹٸܣ

ԭ䰲ػЩģԭûйµģȻҪЩ

ʧְüͷԭԭҪܣ谭ߵףߵ̷

⻰òԣתһ룬ԽǹټҵݱҲû

أԵֹ˼䣬̧Ų˵ЩǸӶͷǱĽʿؾǴǱ߹ģ֪Щ顣ǰЩʱ򱱽ӪǱ߳Щ¶һЩ鷳־ʿҹӣһЩ顣ǱǱûܺã۵ǰꡣ˵⻹òԡ

Ȼǹټˣæ֣Ҳû취¡

̸ֽӹŲ֪ߵغ񣬱²ȴȨѬġǵԼＸܸǳЩλڣݵЩϴġ

֪̫ô˵ܻ䰲š

Ŵֻ޹

̾Ϣ˼䣬㿪ʳ⣿ŮҲô

ȻǿԡЦЦ̵ĶҶŮӡ

գգ۾ЩԾģ
ǵ͵İԭǺ͹ؽĹټŮгĽʮϸԼĵŮδǰ꾲磬޺סԺӡ˵ҰǵȷſҼƵŮӻȴûδŮҲͷ¶濪ʳ

ʱûôࣺѣǡһ˵գڷ԰ˡ

Ǻڣƾһ˫֣ʳҲͦõġ



˵Ż˵˵ţмͶԵ˼

ԵķƢȷʵǲҲơţ֪ΪܾʮּįӡԼҷ壬įӡۿŰ۴ǣ̾˿ϧʮţȴѾ;ƿݡ

⻰һŮ۾ԼҷеĿ֪

ˣǧô˵Ůܲ㣬̲סزϺôô޴˵ˣⲡβˣΡǧ˵ɥֻҪ޴κӣڸӵŮЩûûƤĺӣһ׼ߡ

⻰˵˽ˣеΣǲǸߡ

Աһ䣺ⲡģԼܻʱ˵׼أﻹФ뺢ӣĸ˵öԣҲСˣûкӣǼﶼȥ

ҲܸǺӵűĻᰡ

ŮĵȰˣɵð¶ˡػȥԼң۶̫̫˵ʲôǧӦҲŮʲôУҲ䵽Ƥӵ»ΡԸǮһӣŴ˵ƺˡһЬǴˣޣ

ҩǳ

ΪҩŮһҭʶԼ˵˰ףҡ

¶

ͷƤЩˣĺ

ĸǱڣҲæλ˲ǡŮԿﲻձҶĸͱ˼ؾͷҲŻûţλ˵ܴǻߵģæĴˣǵȿȥ̧檡

ͺá

Ҳ֪λĶἰҵλ磬ǱôǼӹڣҪ¡

̲סվСؿ˿ڣˡ

ǲܻ䰲ţǷǶ࣬Цˡ

ҲҾˣʵԼʲôվлԽĺ⣬͸ˡ

һʵѾ֧ŲסӾԼ˵Ѿ쵽;ƿݡȻ޴ȻʵҲһˡ뽡һ˼ܣáò˵ҩǼ仰ȻǰҲķιӡ

Ҳûڰ֣ȥɡ

ųţվ᷿ⶢŽյſ˻̾˿תȥ

ͬʱ¥ʯԣ޴ԹĶźӶܹ㡣
ʵ𡮷ˡģܹûкö١鲻ͬ˵Ĳ֢һļ֡Ƿ˱һźţŲŲֱܹҪࡣҪεĻܹ񿵸ĿܸЩѾӦˣҪȥβ

Ĩһ죬ϴΪѵضҩƣԶԶ߹İţųʲô

䲻ش˼ѣһۣųʲô

ϴһҭŲӵ򻹲𣿡

ܹվű߾̲סЦˣȥʳǻسǿʳͽʳ˼Һʱŵˣӭ




74.  ʮ   Ӯ˾ˡ

, ޴ܹһƿҩһڳٷķϡ

ܹӹ졣

ͷޱģһûԼΪǴ͵Ĳڡһźһܹĸ첲, ɿʵϷɻ᣿

ϷܹȻ֪쳯Ĳ, ʵ˹Ŵ, ûֳʱڡ粻л٢ļ, һЩ׫ҰʷӰټҵļء¹Ҳ, ˵޴һᣬܹ⡣
֪һܹεȴϻ, ϰ䣬һķӡ

Ȼ, ޴ͷҲСӼ򵥵ļʵĶҲǿ塣벻ӵӺδζٽԼ㹻ǿҲܳŵסڵơ

⻰һشҽܹС
Ա类һֲֻϴһͻȻˡȷʵˣͽ, Ҳһ

ܹü֮еĻɬɢ, ˵ͷȻģ˵ļǡ

ᡣһͻһغĪҭʳ

СҲʮһ꣬һ긻ǿʱҲʹĿ졣޴ʵҲźϾôȷʵǿϧҹҲǸ˼͸ˣǿʲֻǶ, ñáɼҲǲĪС

ʡġܹȻڴӦ

Լҵĳ뿪޴ȻǸߵġ̷˵״ɱܹҪö࣬뿪ǿҪġػȻǵȱ£̷˵Ĳ顣ֻǿͷСҲûô׷Ź

Ϊ˽ͷǵЩŻһЩܴϵС

޴˳ζһ˫۾ĳ档ŰЩţɵؿţЩʳҵģ

Ȼأù㿴һۣ

ޣ

ѵøһɫܳһʮգҩķϡ

ޣСѾͷͲ۶С

Ŀӣ΢΢һЦ޴ĬĬؽһӵ
ݸСҩͯǻ﷢ɼһߡȻӲԣÿԴ⼸̬ȺͻЩźܹΪ˱ʾغ͸лصؽͳջ

ֱ֮ǰ޴ֹֹģûסһ䣺˵سǿʳ˻棿

Ȼǵ棬;·ܣʧǵ̶ѡˡ˸Ц⣬ᶨûǼҿԭʳҲԶġ

ͷ䲻ȵءŶһҲû˵ʲôŰˡ

Ÿܹ뿪ջصȥ˸һˡ
ʱǰܣ²ȥɱӹһ١ȻͬԼе˻̶ӡԭÿ̶Ӳ֪ʱָжҪ¸ó͢ܣȻϱš

ǰžһ¸µ̬Ȼ㲻Ͼͷ۾¶ڽСԼ±һˡڰ˵ܻ֮£ǲҷܣֱӾͽ¶ϱ

δãǹõ飬ûҪ԰һһ

ܵѾپͽٸȥġǸܹҴȥسǵС

ˣðȴܲ졣Ӷ˲Ҫȿӣֵ𶼴

ܹľѾ̫ࡣ仹Щԣɫ˫Ŀûа㲻ʵӡò˵޴ҩȷʵԭϴǿͬǸȾ纮ϻܹȥԺԲ𣬷һ֮òŽתáֻǳҩ軯ˮҩ纮ͲˣҲûܣȷʵ

˽سжһ顣ܴĶ

䰲ԭһֺϽֵҪࡣǵضκõӸܹһϡ۸͵ӣҲǰһµ

ǿԣð췿šǿȴ⡣

еĻƴ˺СسǸתһ죬Ȼûնһ˼ҸæһգҲ˼ʣµǵΪѸ˻ƣ˻ȥ˵㶫ͷ˯ˡ

һ磬˲ԭ

ûĴҵ߽·ߵǹٵ֨ѽ֨ѽǰУ޴ƿҩƿţζʮִ̱ǡΪ˵Եʣű˶ζʮСֻһž֪ҩһͷԺĥЩҩġ

ͷ˼˵ĺݣȴһ͸׼ҩ裬ֱҲûġ

޸ҩĸܹҲ˲١
аģµ֪аȴΪصʮ־޴ܸҩ˵ҩҽ

˻صʳѾǰ糤ҹ̡컹ûȫڡ
Ϻ򸾼˻æͳӭ
Ǳʱһ⡣ǰŻܹ񣬶ûн·ٷ˲˵ڵСǵĵӡܹ񺬺˵Щ⣬ӶˣǸˡ

˺󳵷Ҫ߰Żصˣóʳסһߡ

û˵ȾȻͷ
˿ɫߵĹɫ΢ϾҪȫˡԭسС·֪˵С·ȴҲҴҹȥٵȥΪҹ·Ҳûоܾ

֣ȫȫβǳµӡΪֻǶӱҲûʡ

Ҵҳ˵㷹ʳӣűϴֻǸһƿӾͱӸסͷŵܹҲһ٣ͼһֶһǵˮ߹һ֦ݣմˮдʵģŪðŸܹЦá

£Щӣû¡

һˮһߵͷֱİˮŷȥϴ

ҡҡͷȥȡһͰˮݣܹͥԺ¹֮£ŻǱˮֹķӣȻӿЦ⡣䵽ԭ˵һ׮¡

סһҹһ͸ϳˡ֮ǰƥ顣

˵ڰܾáӳէ㣬һֱûµȥ֡Щӳ¶ٴĥǲǸøʳһţȻҲͶٶ̫һţһȦģܿ㣬Ȧʱܽʡһ롣˵سǵʳҪسǺϣ˼ǲеġ

ܹͬġϾҪʱԶţû粽СЩʱձ䰲⵽ʵԭľطһ
ԹϡΪһ⳵ðӣһͷ׳ˡ

ҪĻʵҲȲҲҪ

һ׵¶ŴһƥսӶʮˣһⶫǮСطУҲͷ̷Ǵ̷ȨƻܸٸϹϵͺг¢ϣ۸ߡ

سǵʳûʦδʧ˽ʮʹرǮصʣʮҡ

ֻжӵĴʱˣһȥʡ

һ磬ܹȥд

·һԽԽȡʱûʹž͸ܹͷתơԭطСȸСȫʲôĶУţֻҪӾŪֻڹƷûֻֻܸ˶ȼղõ
һƥмԼĪʮƷֲͬëɫͬ۸ܻߡ˵ٶʮһһһᣬٲõöʮ

۸һŶһһ͵ֵʳ棡뵱ҲʮӡͬһЩĹңҲһһЩӡ

˲

ȻûǸȥġӵ̬ȺǿӲͲ

Ŀе²ȥ֣ȷʵģҲǲ⡭سǵ̻ûаʽȻԤԽԽá

ܹ̲סЦһƥʮʵ󣬾һƥѪ޼֮

źɰã˼룬¶˾ģˡ

Ӹӣˣĥǩ˸顣

һŪһе鶼ûˣͷɥػʳܹಽظߣ۽ǵһֱ˵İԽˣһ鲼Ҳɫ
ʱԴһܴģ̲סЦôôϲӣ

һԲزšСͷߣĽǶֻܿī֮ѩ׵ĶϸĲԺѵҲԽģܹоԽԽӵǲĹҵСײ˲䵴Ȼ޴档

°űH䵽ˣܹ˸Ͻȥһߡ

˸ôһҲǴɣһܹһüʱղƥҪ䵽ȥ·ߵʧĴɢͿƥֱײֱֱǰ壬ײ·ͷǽڲֹ

ͷܵļҶŲӺ㣡㣡

ܹ񻺻̧ͷͼǵ·ͷһСﱻŵðʹӸվסʹӵĻ̧־һȵʹӵϣҽƥɱˣ죡ɱУ֮ұض߰һƥסñɥڴˣ

ź֪ðһ亹գգ۾ȥ

ͿǺС֮ºȻֳ߻ĵȻһӡƥʹ˲ӣһŽվߵļ߷ɡСҲУۿҪݺݵʹӸϽסȥ
صʹͷһѪȵѪɱСϡС˲ɷףһŻȥ

ţ

ѪܹŰŵļת˸

ǱǲǸýи򡭡

ܹ˼ҵ޹أؼҡڴɷ֮Уǩū˵˽˴УȨ档

żλͷġǹŴ

ܹţһʳһſھͿòݣǵıĸġһȺæǰæʹӣʳᶫ̧ͷŰŻ̬ȺڡһվӭӣǵصŻˣȥͷˣ

ĸôͻȻˣǰЩʱȥ磬һ˵ģô

ⲻǱѾͷ

ţ

˵ĸҵıɩʮ˵ãصʶʶ˵ŮֽͷۣѾͷС츳ΪӡŶҲʶһǰʦǸˡ

ţ

ӱҸʦЩˣ˵츳˵ãЩԭ򣬷ҪԡСԣӮ˾ͣˡĲԵģ˵ʲôģſǧ򺣺

żֱĪЦЦĸ˵ЦˣСƽϡ




75.  ʮ   ྡ

ſûûȥʲôĸҵıòõġͷкЩҪæ, пȥһСĳǷǲ˵аöͭĹϵ

Ѿܹس, ܿӿòࡣͲ׼֯ʳ, ѡַɶҪ滮
Ժæǰæ, ׼׫д, æøƵ, ۿžһȦܹԿţʵڿȥڻԵһ䣺еūʹ, ǰſġЩȵ£Էȥ

⻰·һشæµİŵԴ, ˶Щɵ

ڴƹһζҳ֮ǰҲǸһЩ̻ġЩ±óܹģ̲סԴ˵ҲȻֻǸڲҲԽ

ţҪô˵, ôʱ͵æʲô

Ҳô˵, ܹﷺϸЦ⣬ԽɽȪɤºͶ滺æ֪ǾӪôһ£Ҳᱻ׺Ū

⵹Ҳǡ

Ųˣǣö

֪£˵Ҫ̵齻ϣվ
ʵ, һζҲǱίεġһζұ֮ǰ̣һһġ̶˵ҲɣǱ֤ƹķģ¶ĽҰɡ

齻

İЧʼߡһʳˣ£ǩԼйŵİþߣ׵Ҳ˵һ밲źܹԼһȥسǿʱж⣬ʱſճʶԼϵ⡣
ȷʵܹ˵Ӧʵ£˲ѧϰġ

µ˻࣬ܲе鶼Ϊһϸļ̳ˣֻܹб֪õĵ±عûҲðպ÷ִ硣

ܽˡ

Ҳ˵ʳڳ죬߷ƹ񶨵㳦Ҳɹˡ
ڼǰɷƹ񸶹ġ㳦ѵòװɹҪʱɹ㳦Ҫһ£ƽæ͵йһǧ㳦պܳԡ綨õ㳦ˣž͸ҵţƹ˻򣬷Ǳʹӹȡġ

һ磬ƹ˾ʹӶ߹

һĻԭ̵ƹˣһǺƤġƹΪ壬ԭЩŪЩʲôöҶʡⲻһεģԭ˾Ͷ֪ÿش̶ܴΪ㳦ʳʳ
㳦ⶫζûţҲʺ̶ӳʱڻǳζڿ䣬㳦óԵ̶֮䴫ˡ˵ʵڻЩߵӹļ·ϾͼһڳԵġ㳦öȻκͷ̸Ҳ

ҲǵͷʵĶˣȻ˽㳦ϡǶ෽תתת˷ƹⲻ˵ƹҪʳȡæؾ͸һ

Ȼܿͷ̻Ƿ񳢹ν㳦ζôҪǾ׬ͷǴй̸ɺ㳦ĵͬ⽫㳦ǵضһ׮

ڵ׮ţʱŰ㲻þȡð֮ʱѾڵ㳦ȥⲻ³ˣ

ŵĺ⣬ȻûаƵĵ

ǰȥ¥ȥƬ̣߸ƹļͽȥ̸̸Ȼܹȥ̸У˵ģӦѧ֪á

̸۸ζܹѬաܹ񲻱˵һ

÷ҵȥȫֻͬż
ֱܹһ㳦ʮǮʱµı׼̸ͬʱõҵ飬Ųվơ

ò˵ܹǸš

ѹŸˣŶƹͳȥҪǹһȵˡ

ţܹһЦͷˡ

̧ͷһۡسǻԺ̬Ⱦͱе֡ǣľٶǵ

ôˣɻܹһüͷôҡ

¡

ŴɵԼ֪ô¡ǡԼɹ֪غ

˶һۣܹƳոı죬Ǳʲôһ¡ǵģʮ档ܹǸԼԼܲܳκûǸδ֪ʱţҲΪϲǿƲסϲǡ

һ¹һǧһ𹩱ǧ
˲ƫ˼緭飺ʳֲǻй˻û֮ǰŮҲܽӹӦӦ

㱻ѾͷҭղŻأգۼͱˣδյѾͷ

㳦Ҫǲй׼ϡⶫѣԭ˰ײܲʣ϶ࡣһǰѾ÷ϺԼļƻַȥЩСɱʮ¡Ҫ⣬ôա

¶Ҳѣʳ߼ֵĶʳʮĴвڲүүҪ⣬дȺµĵֻҪʳ߽ҪϢȥ˻š

ĥҪȻֿζ㳦ü֣ζôһ룬Ȼڴǳʳܼζضܸһ¥

뵽ԼǱѾȲ쿪ʼˡ
ǸʳʳŴûζжӦ˵׼Ͷʹûôӳ顣ǸҲ᲻̣

ջû¿һ졣ڳ档ԴˣžͰժѡ֡ɹɴȥҲ֪ΡӼ޸ŴԺס£ЩճտţֵЩҲ֪û

ȥ֪ˡ

ö¶Ҫ죬һ׮׮һϸϸܹۡҲǽ̵ֻżָһ䣺Ƚȥߵ̸㲻ǿʦǸͽܣǱ˶㳦ȥʦҲֹһͽܡ㲻Ҫȫڳл۸ıǣʵ˷ںʵλûҪʱҲȡᡣ

Ժ󣬳˼ã

˵Դ޴ѣܹÿն䡣ҲʦкˣøƵġһһʽˮƮݵ÷·ʱ𻯵ɡżײһأһԿŶܡʱ̲ס²ܹ񵽵Ǹʲôݡʲô˼Ҳܽˡ
϶ͨ˼ҡκԼĹֲֻᣬ·в׵ĹȥŲ˿֮ˣҲñš

״ûòܹۿɼؾԭȿȻ͸͸һɲ֮ü֮ɷҲӶĿûоȷʵдġ

µһȷȻеš

ǱԴƹ㵽ľʳͿջÿµĶȶӼ֮ã񶼺޲ͷԱǱߵ˿ղŹȥһٷٲȻĻƵҵŮÿõȶ룬ڼҲֱͦˡ
һĻ±˻ǡ

ҲǵȰŮĺϰ壬ǸɶٻÿÿܸɶٻԼ档ûÿʱĻǾԲġ

ǸݲζʳϣȶԺˡСѸǸˣֻһصشԺĥ˺üգŮصȥɽ˲ݡ
·ɽеĶǿ񣬳Ҳܳԣǿζ㡣ˮҲҪô࣬˺ü̳

һ¹ȥζб仯ģ̵JģҲв̲ʮˬڵġŲҵϲĸζѸȫõ밲Ʒ

ζʮֲǿϲ̻ᡣżͷᱻѡһ̳һ㣬ȫûС˭֪һһȫˡɰϸ˻ˣɻһʱգﱻ۵Щ°Żû뵽ʶ
Ҳ˵Ϊݲգ˶۵Ŀ⡣˵Ϊ˻һӣΪ󵥶֮ܲ

ʱҲ˵¶˵Űź͸ܹһصҴ塣

û򵽣Ժܹţģ֨ѽ֨ѽشҴ壬˷ǰ

ǻʱùͰͰվڷű߿š䲻عͷţϰźܹһ¡
Ŀڶȥû˵أŶ߾ƵĴɤţ𻨿û°ɣ

Ŵ塣

²һģٲȻһˡһѻ˸ɾĴ£ĴӣһͷͷҲ롣ϵЬģڲϴøɸɾٲȻһߴĺӡ
ò˵޾Ǻãģˡ

Ŵ͸ڹÿɽصҴиš𻨵̫һƤָáŹ𻨣ǿȻǿŷģӴѾͷɵСĸأ·ݻǳɱˣ

һɤźãͲӶˡ

Ÿͷ˵Ŷáյһ䲻ɵۣУ

ӵһ˲ƨɡ
Ͱžžϣһض˲ϡͷŵȥ㡣һ߶һ߻ˣɲǶˣôһˣʮˣŸռ޹ȥվͻӣҪǴȥָҪЦ

ɤŵģ˵ҲŵǸע⡣˵ӿյ껹ܵһ̥챣ӣɲΪ߾ͻ¡

Ŀܹ֮࣬عֻþϲѣ⣬ⲻһ׮֪Ҫϲ

˵ӻޣҲЩᡣ
һ̫ˣǿྡྡ

ȻˣҲɻϵͰǹ𻨴ӱŪģרŸںԺЩϡŹֵĶʩʡѾѾˡЩһһʩϷʣٸڶʩʡ

ÿգͰ

ŴһͰúܣýεεСۻæðվһ߱𶯣ԼȥͰɫ˼䣬һźܹ񣺡һ¶ϻ˵̥δǲ˵ģǻȥԺɱᣡ

ȻһڴӦǴϲ¶ĸ˵ĸԸ˵

ߵôһҲָȻԴͷʡġ




76.  ʮ   ˫һ

ΪԵ, ſɲùտĶˡ
˵һǿ˵Ҫûô󣬰Żǲִʮ㲻ϸ, ڹŴҽ, ͻоΣյġ֮Щӹ, Ҳ̫á

Ҫʲô, ӿǧҲǸ, Ҳ淽Ӹˡྡûʲôȿྡϲõġ

·ݻǳ·ݻǳ, żżŴ˵ҲƲס֮顣ʵϣԴ÷һʬԺĻ, ˹¹һĴ㡣ʮԸ˴򽻵ԸףһֱججĻӡ
𻨴ӣҲײ̫ĳһʵǿŰһѡû뵽, ֮ϲ, ʮͻһӡ

ô˵ǲԸȻӵ¶ɽԱ̥ҩ

ڳԻ̫磬ý𻨵ӵúһЩ˵ǿ϶ҪԵġҪǹ𻨵ӵ̫⿿ס׳ĺӣ˼ʳõġ

ҩʳҩֶ

ЩҲЩˣ׵Ľ, ҲҴţȻܸԣԼͺӻǹġĲ˵˵̣ܹ

⵹ǡż̻ǴŴȷʵǲġ

Ժ˵һ콥ˡһ紵һСϣ˵Ż̧־ôһĨʱѽһӴŰ˵ˡˣҿɵøϽشӽɹԺЩײ˸ˡ

Щײ˻ǷӸ͵ġʳÿҪõĲǳ󣬶һһءⲻǷŴ뱲ֻҲֵأ˾żĶҲ޸ȥ֡Ƿƽû˳ԣصȳġ

ջܾʱոԽԽףû
ͲģǱҲǸʳ򡣽ϵԽԽס

ˮ࣬ԭȻû꼾ȴҲһʱˮǳࡣ¸պþʱ
ǿɸϿ㡣ҺЩʱûڣԺյģŸܹǿֻģҲûʲôҪʰҲû£ȥһա

ǸãҼҳԷ

ʵϣŴ˻飬ûûСģʵֻ˹ӡ
ŴҴ׳øƵģŹֵƢһƤǡ𻨼޹ȥЩ˵лһƨҷšû˷ӵ߶Ȼ٣徻֮ҵĻֻػҲֻҪÿϴϴ죬Ӻڡ

ӹĺãϵϢͽɢˡ
ǰΪۻ֧˶̥ˡü֮ǹɻ֮ȥη̬࣬һŰźܹҴߣһʮ˵̸üĿչǴЦ˿Ŷ˲١

תЦŸпһ䣬̣۾͸ǰǵ£һӶڡ˻ţԼڱʲôá

𻨽Ųһ٣˶٣ҲЦɲǣˡ

Ŵͷż˵Ҳ졣׳η·һɽĬؽ˻

һȥӼң˵ŴĴСԺ
żʲ൫Ȧر󡣴ӽϷߡһԷһ˯һϱߵһСԺһôûУյԺ˩˶ʮֻ
ȵľͷȦ˸ȦóȦģΪľͷ¡һԺǽĵ»һϴ軨ϵĿһһأȻ

Ů˾ǲһˡ

ֻܹƳһ۾ջߣ΢΢

˹궼е´ˡҲ˵ϽɹɵĲҶǱŴһĴһŵȫȥ

æˣҲ඼ʱվҪȥŪš

ȥæܹһס֣ȥæɣͱȥպˡ

˼һУŸ˵־ͿŴĶʹǽһɡſĬظȥסˡŴ弸󲽸ϣôһһ͵سһɡȥ˺

գգ۾ʶղԼûˡ

ܹЦһˣµȰɡ

λǵؿһơúòײŵĴ꣬Ȼ֣ضԴۿ磬ƺܲһľͷˡ

ڹӼҳЩͣ˾͸뿪

˻صϵʱꡣ
ԺˮĶࡣһ·ӿڵʳⲻ˻Щꡣܹϴ£ų˰ɡ°ڶûʪţŸܹվűˮ

ˮһεδġ

ͷһİŮⲻãҲࡣ˵ͷøŮƫ⣬Ÿⳳ֣ɩʲôʱܸұȣòˣҰɣҲԣƧʲôбµˣǸã

ĪϹ£һŮǳɩ¶æôй㣿㣬Ҹʦ߻ˡ˵ӣûʲô⣬ǧϡ

Сﲻֱţ㿴ⶼˣһ˰ɣûʲôɩӵˣ˵СطôæҿҲûʲô



ĸŮ֣˶Ƣվһʴӡ

ŸܹôſڽƵĸϽǰţǻˣ

һǱ˳ֵĸŮ˵Ŀһ˲俴һۿţĵŮһۿܹ
ӣ˫

һֱſڣ£ڹиĵñǡһ𾫵ϸ̵Ļŵ񡣸һʮ꣬ĸ۸ڶƽεӱǽݴʷѦ־ţΪѦķˡΪ˵Ŀӣ

һۣûĻߡ

ţˣĻûĵŮ쳣ֻǿŰмΡ֪ԼŮ˵Щûʱŵм˸

ŵͷƽÿߡɡݸһԵС棬ֱֱߵ

ܹû˵ҲǽūȻһԲһģһĶԳ˵Ĭ

ƳԼҽ㡣ʵҲе㲻ˡȻ۰ģȴݼڵϲŮԴԭ򣬲ǣ·ʳһûһ㡣Ͳƽϣȴϲ˽ݵˡ
ϲ鲻ϲ黹ǻġ˵˵͸оԼ첲˸һ¡ȻʡŮһƨղλá

ĿƵضܹ񣬽覴õٸۡʱе㺦ߣһɹ̵˶⡣˵úͻࣺ㣬ȣĸҵıô

ܹһˮƵֱߣ̧Ƴһۡ

ըһ㣬˲˸͸ʢ˵̬յһɶͨ죬޴ģٲȻһֱ߲ӵĹСſһϵеķӦһڲˮǺޱؿ̲סܹʹ˸

ܹûʲôӦŮھǵʱöˡֱ仯߲֡

š˵ͷܹҲûмСհһ˼ǣŵߣЩҪ̸ġ

˵꣬ߡ

ŮʱŽעŵŵϡһ˵ֳɻ飬ҡûʲôоˣ;ʮӦһ˫ɨţϰЦЦ۾

Ŀԣνıɩֲ£ˮܽǳ
Ҳûкܴ󣬺Ƹꡣһ˫峺ˮһ۷·ܿġվһ·һˡ뵽ʦ˹ֹ˺þãƺΪšҧһգգؿšȻվתͷܡ

ͷ꣬ɡûãʲôû˵ͷг塣

ַʲô裡һ˳˳ˮΨһĲ˳ľԵŮŮծģʹ죬ʲô֪һֱҪɩԣҪܣ

ĻŹ֣嵽Ļ֮оͲӰ

Ĳģһɡ׷ȥ

һ׼˵ķӻûڣѾˡӿҴҵıӰ̾һ˰ˡǶ겻磬Ҳǳˡ

һƮƮĻֻԼ׵ɬ

ֹһ£뵽¹ӻе¡ӽҪ̫˵кϢҲܶ죬ʱĪҪΪ¶ˡҸش˳ȥĸĸ̷ĭСӺͺд¶ںͷ

ᵽ𻨣ϵɬɢˡԣ𻨻أ˵Ҳþûˡ

Ҳشա⽫һµʱգձĸŮţӶЩˡеԶ̫練ʧǡ

ûҪش̯ЪҲУЪżҲС



ǧ㳦װô׵ģһ¾ͲŪ
߸ոƹĶ˹㳦Э飬ȻҪ㳦Ƴʳ⻹ܶϣŸɴʦǼͽܶг

ͷϸɻˣ㳦ǻġ

˵㳦ʵҲŪҪЩ۵ûšϺЩŸŪʣµֻ⼸Сȥװˡ֪ôԴܹ㲦Ժͺܻѧáһǧ㳦СӼӰӵĹ࣬վ͸Ūˡ

潻ͻȥšæ㳦Ļ׼ȥسǿӡ

ջȷԭʳͽʦڹܣҪ㳦׼ʦһϲͽܹܡĶɣӦı䶯ѡߣԷҪ
֮⣬ʦǸɵͽܣҲ׼ȥسǡ

Ҳ˵ʦʦͽ˵˽һ޵ľơһø˺öҡûеͽܰҪڷܵظɣöҽҲίΡ˵žȥسһգϺһޡ

᲻ԭ򷽼Ҵ壬ֵܽö˼һӵĸͻȻȥسʵܡҪߣӶϱҲҪߣһҲ⡣ίίҲ˵

ע⵽˷Ϻĵ䣬ȴҲ֪ôȰ˳˼ǲܵġ

ܹĿ͸ؿŴ⣬֪Щʲôϵм䵭ǰոմõģһμݳͷݳܹץǸҲǰ˸ЩŰŵ˷ӱܹһʱպһʵøʲôƵġ

ٲȻʳˣϢظɻߡƽʱʳһԵģɵöʳҲָֻܹʹĶȥسǣЩ˸档

ӴϳʼͽץŰǽš
Ȼϻؼû˵£ӻǾ쵽ˡûʣǿźܹûҪ˵˼ﲻ

£֣Щأµġ

Ҳ£СĵûЦЦ

һ˵سǣ컹ûڡһոˣʱɫûڡһӿܾƵûšյسſڣһŽȥǰ濴ü˵ͣſڡҲ÷ʲô£ϵ˶Χһš

񾭽رһ죬һƿӾ濴ôˣ

Ҳһ죬оǰʪ͸ˡСؿڣܡ⻰ɴĶ˳ӾҶʱ߲ȥŷŷ硣

Ӽȥһû˵ķľܹĸ첲

ԭ⣬ˡЩͣһʱȥ׷֡µҲˣԭҵԭϡһֻһ۾һĹˡ

ǸСɣ׳ʹӵϺȻǸİӡ

ʱи֮򣬰ռɷ꣬˽֮ޡ£๫ֲһֱ̲ŲƽһƽȰȴ˼˴Ȼ๫ޣΪ檣һȡ֮úƤ

ûֱŮģŭĸʨƵģҴȲŸôôߵĻᣡǲʶôͱ飡ҵҪл֣ɷϲ

ѪˣǶŰƵĹ۾ҲˡĿ֮±ָű๫ýȢޣһϲ̨Ĵãֲʶ²๫ǿǾĸұãչĸ׶ķûޣͰˣ

޵һڣµҴֲʶΣһΣҸףĸ׸û֮ǰͶ˻顣檣һղһӶ檣




77.  ʮ   ϵڱ

ڳſ˺óһʱ, ֱſڱſڳĶٳٲܽǡʵڵȲȥȥسָšԹⳡ־žʹա

ʳɫѾȫˡ
³ҹﲻ䷴ȣʱҲܹ񶳲˽˳Ǿֱ޺õԺӡسǲ, ɳȫ͡˼סȥЩӵˡʳĲԶһСȴȫСԺ
, һ, ͷ, Ժ߻һˮԺӽһдеشԺǽ, һƿһӾ֮С

Ժѡʵſǳͷ, µ˸ɻǽ˾ϲ

Ҳس, ֱ׵ؿ佱Щ˼˵Ӹ˵׻ͼŰڰ֣ͽţԺǮ

ͷһ翵ĽǹǮʵʵڵʵݡ

ô˵Ҳ˵ý˵Ҳ, һү¸ɻ, õĹǮɶ༸ֹǮҲû̫д⻹ѵΪǹǮôˣӣȰһ¡ȥͷʳЩʳȶԸһ¡

ܹͷŸӰʧӿڡ

һƬеºڡðɣʵЩ¹קܹӣܹһ, һӶ˵ơҪգӷôݳޣҲʳԺǲŸô͡
֪ǲþҪסʰøɸɾһ˿ҳûУ̸Ƕֳɵġ˯ǸӣԼȥ̸Ǳϱǡ

ѡ˶ϱߵһӣܹ˯ڡϱߵӣʣµӿճ͸سǸɻˡ

ˮżϴöųʳ

ضԸһ٣ԻطЪϢˡ

һ磬ȥسǵв򡣰ŸܹȥʳʳڲṹȫԭʳĹ죬Žȥ˲ΪصϡŽɨһȦȥԺӸϲͬ˷鷿ſ

ҲŽĴ̨ԭһģŻϰߡ

һȦ˾վڴſڣſҵλüͷ
˵ʲôԭߵġʳĸֵҡ˵ټðŸܵ鷨֡ɷ裬򰾢·ܴ濴һŶóȥָԭʶֵ٣˸١ʳҹſô죬ҲͱүӷĿ޹

бƳеŴһܹ

ſڿȵܹת

ô

ܹһ㶡

ҾãӦǶϣĿļһı粵ʲҪ̫ҫϸ֦ĩھ˲飬ǼҲ𡣡

ȥƾ٣

ҲûСֻͻȻȻܹȥȻǸõģǾ˴ϻ۵˸е㱩

ܹЦô˵㲻δĴ׸

ͻһҭ

죬ܹ̲סһЦԴس֡⣬ЦܻĴѩһĿġ

ƮƮһЦ˭Ҳûϣֻܹ֪⻰ķ



ǽİ£缸ΰݷãǼ·ˡ

̶δ֮ǷΧѾȻ޴棬ǳһɵ롣ͨ⼸ɽʹǼ·Ѿµʲô
ֻԭһ·ˣȢĻ˵ֲ֪ԣƴǲ·˴·˽顣ҵճһƷٵŮйϸǼ档һ֣Ҫġ翴ǰ·һ˫ؿһſסҪƢ.

ڷƢǸ·ĽڡԲͶµ๫ѡ

·磬ú𣿡Ȼǰ糣õֶΣʱ޿ֻ˷СǣǣһģһֱǲǺࣿҹ㶼һȦ

·Щӳ˶£Ͼʱ밲顣
ȻЩãЩϸھֽͬһơ궯ȴģðü١֪Ůǰ䴿޹òȴ㹻ġ

ʱŴɤ˵ŹеĻ·ü֮䳹ϢҲࣺЩæ

ģϾǾʿҲǣԵڽˡ
һʮ·ݣƳ٣Ҳʮһ¡֮ҪϿĻҲµ׳
굽·ߣһ½·ˮ·½·ҹ̵ĻҪһ¡ˮ·ĻЩ¡·ʲô£¶á˵ߵѧҪϿǰġ

пѾ׼óȥˣʱߣӶ𣿡

ձȽϸϡ

·һ£гҪ£;չҡ

ҿһôᵽؾ¶۾Щ
Űŵ¶ڽѾܾˡսսԺҶ±ּҵײ鷳زصȥˣܸ·һؾһּңȥҲ֣ǵĻ¾͡

·¶Ϊ֮ɫĬĬɴֱԲ䣺磬ҲԸͬСҵľ˾˾ĸĸײҴһȥǸϿصþ˾˾ĸһ

·ľ˾˾ĸûλ׾˾˼ҵһúܡϱӻⱲ죬ֻþǸţƤҩ
ϱü޵ݴʷϱʮ겻Ǹ๫ͲڴǰúƤ;·ңﹴ·ֻı²Сͽ˳ЦⱲССͻ...ģճ·Ҳճе

Թ𣿡ͻȻһʡ

·һ㶣˶٣ʶ仰ʲô˼Ժüͷ뵽Ķȥˣ磬ûǸСͶף͵ȼԺɻ飬ǰ㣡

·һɫɤûлԹĵ˼Ҿǲϲ˲㣬֪ӵģ

·ͷһͱﵽ
һŴش۵ӣֻʮֵӦֻҪʲô£ֻҪйۡĲϸ˼ϸ˼֪֡ʱİ･˼ӪӪĺլ˵ģ

磬£Ȼȥɡ

·̸ʵöø࣬͵ΪֹһЩҪȻȥˡ

˵գȰ˵˾Ѿۻ

ΪЩ·ı̬ܶ䵭Ѿǵüû˯áʱͷҲصػȥ飬վûסƢĲ豭ҵ˵ϡ

УУУһֻʧȥʳޣڷϵֲͣزһ˶ʱնŴٳľ棬ŵˣôܱ˱Ůˣôһҵ취ҵ취



ҩȶʱ.ƬȻȥɣ

˵ţĿɨܡ

᷿ŵǰһɨСɳԶԶؿǡ

罫Ӳض뿪˰¡



һ˳˳ˮŮΣˮ֮°벻ȷʳһ׼ｫʳȫȫԺ󣬾׼š

ʳѾ׼ãΪ˳ﱸʳףȻ֮ء

ڿ֮ǰȰҸá

һˣһҼӼĻõ֡Ϻͷ˺ϼһ£³ʮǻƵա˶˿š˼ȢҵǸرõӡūȥľӽܹһдõġʳû

ŸһߣʳſͻȻۼһȺˡڸԺˣƺִֵġ

ǴΣҵбһѡĲѧʵҸӦͬǵʶһµ

ȾͱȣĪΪ֮ͥҾ㲻ɣһվΪˡ

˵ģɶˣһץһ飬һĸ첲Ǿҵ̱ȣʱҶ֤ʱ뵽һĿʫҶ˷ֱʫ͵ж

һΪһҧŭ˭˭뵱е֮š

һΪ

尲źܹһۣϲ콵ڱͷϣ̵ְ




78.  ʮ   ˫һ

պ, ʳʽš
ŵǰգдЩصظسǵļкľ¥ʳ
ܷĶˡµ꿪, ǶһˮơԶ, ԭǸҪͷһּҷġϾʳӻû, ѾǰʵϹ˿͡ǽǵĵײּҶ־, ּһҵĵʱ, ȥ˲ʡ

ԥ֮£ű㽫¶ܹˣר˵һּǱҪ͵, СͻУȥ͡

Ǹӵӡǲ֪, ǿҪ˵ġ

Ǽҵ¡βֻ֪ŻԸŸ

벻顣ܹŰţĵǸСǲܲ͡

ĻȻҪ͵ġ

سﲻϣĹûôⱡϾسй, ֵҲʱѲߡ򿪴ſ, ֵ϶δŮӣϾɿࡣ

ҲǰСҲࡣ

ϺŤ˼գֵسǻһһ˹ӡò򣬸øɻɻ͸سһġû̫ı䶯ĿڱһɢˡҲææؼʳΣл, ߽߱ǽģ͸Ͻ޲æĲֺΪسΰãҹ˯̤ʵҲϽȥĻ

ǵսȥָġ

ȥĵּһ֣İǰԺˡǿֵģּԭŹ׷سλ̫̫һӵʹӸ¸ؽֽͷû

ּҼֻʮΣȻЩ¶˵ʹӻسǵӼҴģµʹҪعضǵöࡣ˵ּ̫̫оɣҲðˡҴǸͰųţնв㣬Ī

ҴˡŹҲҪ˼ЦȻʹӶ˵ˣҲ̫̫ûžǡ



һգƹĶءΪ˲ǮǸԺǡʳⶫҿǵĴȻӡ

죬졣ϵɢפ
ʳڵ䰲һҵִ֣ӽͷβġׯǮׯׯ¥ȵȶۼڴˣƽﶼⲻһ죬˶ۼ˹кŸƹĽ¥İûһſūڸּ񡣡

ͷһۣüͷһ壬ּҾȻݺ
Ǽǰֵּòɿλ̫̫ڸԵʹӻͬʱһһҵضվſڡš

Ȼ˶֪̫̫óԵıԡ԰ŵ£ˡ

鷳ĸоͷƤ顣

ܹüͷԴȥŰɣͺá

ܹ֮δģŲȥԺּ־ûʳʳȻضȹ˿ŵһաΪ䰲ؼ¥ʳƹּλܳͷķ˶صԵʣǽسǲע⵽ʳʳ
ò˵ǸƣóԡͷسǿɱҪöࡣΪּҵλôһŪĲ˵ʳĲɫˮƽ֮бθһ㡣

ʳµ꿪ţλַ˵ĵһĪ

ȻһЩעµ꿪ţȻԭҪѸٴгҪʱ̵òȡһЩǡӪֶΡسʶֵ˶࣬ҰյˮƽҲϸߺܶࡣ뵽ǰǰʢѧӴʳһ֮£ĥǲǸЩͷһѻ

سѧӳ˼˼ҾƶҾϾûʵļҵףѧҲû취Ķ顣ʳѧ֮䴴ҲʧΪһջ

ѧʢڱ֮ԷųȥȻҲҪȵġ

ԼһգʳۼһѧӡƽĹϵֳɣһַ֧ѧһֳ֧Ϊѧʣµһֵġ

Щ˶䰲ΨһԺԣԺѧ㳤ǷԣԺ¡ĵӳ¡һԺڿһйġ䰲ΨһһλүָǽݳҲټľˡֻϲٳթ¡ת˽
յΨһһӡȻҾƶʮִϻۡӱĵԺۡѧسǸ´ŵ³Ȼ̼֮ңȴ¼Ψһһܶӡɣ˽ӶҲһֱ˿޴ϻۣسɴ

³ԼҲΪģֻû뵽뿪˽ӱ˸ĳ·ԣԺԺϿǡԭȴδͷΪ϶ÿᱻѹţ̧ͷǳڣ¡Ϊӵǡ

³˳ˣ뵱ڴһýЩ۵Ŀ˭ǷԣԺϯ˭Ӧõõ¡

ѧǺȺȵãʱݱԲֿͬžʹӺŵӳԴ

³ƴ֣һӷŵ̨ϣƹģϺõĲˮһ֡
¼Ҵ̣³Ȼ׶飬˵ȷʵĿȾĵֶʦͨ߸źЩ֧ˡȻһ˵꣬ߵ˾͸ˡ

ʮӣ̧ͷЦеλˡµ꿪ҵƵƷ¡ֵƣһ޶ĿζǸλƷ

˻һŵѧǶ̧ۿ

ǻᱻСŵˡЦݲ䣬ӵƼŵ̲衣Ŵ֪Դǵˣ³Ŀ޾ȻһֶûظֱȺѧһһ㶵ġѧʵԺʲô貢Ǻܽ³ҪųſھҪõĲ衣

ʳõĲ裬ζã塣
Ҳ˵ѡʳ̲豾̺Ͳ裬ǺöƢθǺЩȻᡣߣ̲ȷʵǶԭǶһң䰲ظǶһҡ

ǾͶһݣ³۾ųҲҲһݡָ˽գЩ˺Ȳ𣡡

һ˵ߵ

һǵͨ졣ȷʵƶţĸһſڿС̯顣δΪԼ׾ݵļҾе߳ܣֻǴʱЦ÷ŭ

κγıϬȴǸ׾ƢԡʱͨҲ˵Ļ

գգۣûвѧǵĿڽǡתС׼̲裬һ͸ܹײˡ˲֪ʱվۼֿһס˰ŵĺ󾱷ֹԴĵ۾ջЩš

˵ŻֻŰź󾱵Ҳɿµر

ֻоӱһּջأʯ֮һĵ̼õɴ۾

ĬĬƵһߣԺóĴС

ѧʢЩдָܹԾز˲䣬оָ⻹ϸĴСоζת˲־ѻƵ۽޵͵͵ظ뵵еɫܹΪԼղŵľٶԼвһ

ǰĹİٴгһҲ˿һŮӣ

żɫԣͷһ˫ɱѧǣΪǴˡ
˵ܹĲ뵽һɷĺ֣뿴Ҳȥ£Ǹ࣬ȥһҲ޷

οĿǣܹЦûоãȥ

ܹƳһ۰ţĿⲻԾ䵽ϸĲϡҪ˵Ư֮һǺЦ۾ɵϸͨ޿ڴ˴

ſȥ£Ӻףת˺

̲ģȺѧӾͲһ¡ˮǶȹϺõնҲȹ⻹ͷһؼ׵Ĳˮѧһ۵ζ
Żɵ̬ȣССһڣζ˲˿ǻʵ֤̲ܹѸռгȫȷʵ䲻ȡ󲿷ѧӵһھͳζŨǲܲӦģڣԺ󣬷ʵƷͷ

ȻĻզѧӵ¾³ζɱȲˮúȣ

ͷȲ˶࣬٣Ʒ˾͸١˶ţĵһӹš̲˿ζһӴ̼ǵζ١Ӽģھͽһˡ

ңˮôģǰܣ˴ǲǮġ䲻¼ҼҲᣬȥʳȸԸĶԵ𡣾úã

ܹĽ̻壬һʮǮһζּͬλġ

пζ˱һˣ˵˵ʲôζ

նĶǻϾλͷһǺȲߣȻζ򵥵ġۿζʳɾͶˡƷ̲衢ͻࡣ̲ͷַ˲̲裬ӣ̲裬춹̲裬̲衭
۾ģǽһЦݿ䣬ؽԭǼĿζһ顣ˣ帡ؽζһ顣˵ıҪϵ˶˴еĿģһ볢һ

ӺЦǽһˣӿɽҲ

ȡùģЩⳢʡ֮ЩҲûкܹһҲʮġЩ˼ңȥݺȸˮһӶӵģֻƽ

Ǿ͸һģƴֵſھҪ

һҪžòģҲ̲ס㡣

Իûʼأˮһڰߴˣֻ̲ĶǽһСԽתÿ죬˶صĿζ

Ȳ˵ļ̲˾ϲ˵Ƽˮ֮󱻰ŽеһߡֹһٻǿڲʳרʳġˮƹϾĥģõʳˡոλʳԣǶҲǺѧѧ֮ˡոλԣƹԸһݲͷӮ˵ˣƹԸƲˡ

ǲ֪ŵ֪λ֪үΪ˳ҶҵĲˣβԶǧȥԭѾõ㣬Ƕҵֲˡ

˵ǻ֪óԵسǺһɳȵ찡ж𣬻ʳ¥ձȴԭԴͷ⣿
ᵽ⣬ǲǰµ꿪ţ𱬵ľ¥ʳƹ⹧Լּλ£ʳҵĴԡʱͼͼһڲˣͼҫܽλĴˣҲһֵõıԡ

³ϲ⣬¸˵ǸãȻȴ֮

˵ԣû¶ͷ̸Ĳ徭۾£̸۽ǽ뾩ԶԵʣ䰲صطƫԶѧǳõСط̸۵ı𾩳ǵѧҪԶܹڹ̨氲ţǵЦԽԽ

ò˵еʧǸǿ٣ܹۻԶ

һ뿪

ŲôȣʤҲԼֻ˵ˡԭΪûһͻ˭֪Ⱥѧȥֲ£ֵþȻڼҵķҲĵزûˣΧſֵͶˡ

ñλȰŻѾ㼷ˮйͨվΧͷѧׯӵ֮磬°ۣ֮ۡЩŴѧӴµ۱磬ᡣ

ǾᣬЩۺ첱Ӵ֣ǽϾ

¡Թⳡı۲˽ӮȻǳ

Ȼ粵ʱ׾࣬漰۵ȴЩսȺζԭʧܹڶ¥һ䣬࿴гһۡǸ֮ģϧСط۽̫խǵʦָ㣬ȥǻߴؼ棬о޴ĳɳ

ŵĲͷһŴĶ⣬һ̺ʨͷһ㡣
ЩԭԹ˵ģسȷʵûйڼĶ⣬ƿӣһζɢǹʻ˿˿𣬹˿ˮġʨͷζ͸ŨɫŨֱ֭ʳ

бڽݲ˵ʲɫгЩɵۣôû뿪ݡԹõʳҲûĲɫ˾ֻϵ㡣ζȥúʳҪŵĶࡣڳȵӣ۾Щֱ
˵¡ԼҲû˵ķ٣ʳѵ׷ɴ¸һƷ

¡Ǹ̰֮ˣκζʵ㣬Щס֡

һ£뿪һĶʱЦݻ̰ĵ¾סýǼ˸Ҳһݡ

һ磬ǿڸͬʱҲм³ñȴҲôˡ¡ӮֻߣЦһȻҽӦԼΪֱ֤λɳƤ³͡

⻰һҲ˵ֵѧǻСŴվŵİЦ۾

ĬĬһת˺

˸һߣһͣʳſڡ

һֻƿӣһݵṫӺʮꡣƺӣṫӵĽűȡǹԶԶֵʳһ䣺ͷʲô󶯾

һͷͷһŤͷǸʳ

ʳ¹򷢰׵ĴҲˣȥһҿҹޡ

˷ԸͽʳṫӲƿĳӡ̧ۿȥʳϱĸ֡ʳ

Ŀһ٣ְ֣̾

ͷ˰ѧһ磬ûһ˷ҵ֮Ĺһ̧ͷͿңΪ̾ƾд֮˱ضǳ֮û뵽ƫԶسǾȻ֣ܿԻ

δ˵꣬ؿصؿһ·Ǻ˷ƵĲͣؿԡ

СЩСЩһźæ˳ӣϵ˻û͸ǧ˷硣ǧǧٽ֦Ȼӿɾɲˡ

ôأĹӱʹӹҲֻǵһЦݵþ˵һ˫۾ֲǷ紵͵ĲӣôǼˣʿǶֶϽŶˣҲϾͻˣ˵ȵҡ

ޣĪϹ˵ʲôģᣬԹĻ»ˡ˵Թûòʮ¾͸üǣʱɱ˵ôĻ

ᵽδıδޣṫҲЦǸС

Ͷ˵Ż³ȥʵһ·Сܻ˳ӽſڱ˷ܵӣǼҸտҵʳҲסġͷô֣䰲صѧͷչһۡ˵ˣǶָʤѧˣζҵ죬óԵ̵ͷ

֪óԵ̵ͷˣһ

ûӣζǳţ˵ǱߵĲɫȽϵĲö࣡

ϲˣǸᵽδŮӡδŮڽǱߵĹĸнסأǸãӻܳϲ˵ζҲøŮ˵ϻ

ͼ˵ŻСطṫ




79.  ʮ   һٴû

Ĺƺ, ˵òᡣǴſڵξ룬ߵͷ󺹡ż״һ̲סڣģǲȥҽݸã

ް, ţ̇ͷһ鶯Ů, Ͳʮģһ˫۾峺һ, ټò˶, æް, ǾˣϢһá

ſ߻ʹӣʹһϰΪģ, ʱһġ

Щѧǻڣֵ, ƺ˫ЩЩʢײⲡĹӣǸϽС˴¥

Ĺǰ࿴˰һۣʹӷ϶¥

ʳɫζĶͨһθЩѧ̵ӡ󡣹ֲ˻ʳĶƳ磬ָϵʡǵˡ

㷹ѧǸ¡ȼ, 뿪¡վͷšʳĸ֡һ𾪲ѵģ˸ʦͷ, ԭû֣һֶʱҲЩϲƹģǺ飿

ȻǶ顣Ҳʶ֮ˣЦеʳҵģǶ

ܹϾʱ˼ˮīҲΪװʳá˵ע⵽ʳǽϹŵĻ÷޳ҲΩΩФ, ԡ¡±ƿѧ̤ʳʵ֪Ƕôɷһ£

գգ۾뵽ܹ˰˭۾ӣһڴӦҲһھܾЩΪѵصǵʹҷɻظ

¡üͷ΢΢⻹ͷһʵˣȻܾˡ
ûȷֻܾ¡еͬھܾûмӱˣϾ䰲ؾὫ֮⡣¡ЦеĶϲ¶Σȥأš

Ƭ̡̬ȣ¡ｫʳ߿һۡ

ܹڶ¥鷿ʱڲþ֮ʱȻԭĲ֣СȴиĲá¥Ժ鷿Ϊ˷㶫á鷿ﲻֹīֽȫ䱸˼顣ȻǴﵱµˣŲʮܵ

鷿֮ʱܹڷһؽķ׵Ľ־ַû뵽Ȼҵһ顣Ȿûڽȴصĺʵ
ˣд˽ݸذյʳסкⱾľ֮˸˵ͼһŹڽݸɽׯεƵȵʮʵĵͼܹھӪ֮ʱдͽݱ߽ĵͼģɽʹׯעȴҲûⱾ־ϸ

ܹļӹɵġοĵͼͽݱԵشĵͼ߽ĵεòӡԺͼȫԵϣ·ýһ㡣

ĺ¾ˣһСҳֽĵͼϸؿҲֻǵһ䣺

ྫһˣ֪ͷ¶Ҳĥ䣬Լؽ¥¡˵ˡ

ܹ¡ǺܸȤ¥µıˣ¡ĸ߼Ǻͬǿӵͼ̧ͷüͷ΢΢һ˵Һ£

¡˹ǽϵĻʮ͡

ܹ⻰üͷøˡ˵黭ھ
ʱʢɽĻһЩϳͷ룬ֳһ黭˫ͷܹͽæԺûĻ٣Ҳֻھܱ߼ݸǲ֪ġ
˷绨ѩʫ黭ͣûۻġ

һ˼ֵܹͷȥ֪ˣ˵߲л´ټ

ȡ˱ʼһ֧ϸʣ̿һֽɫ֣ص軭ʲô²ҴӦǡųȥˡ

¥µһ¡ûʳҵӰʧȴҲû˵ʲôֻҡҡͷһԲѧˡ

糤ҹ̣Ȳϵ֪˷·֪ƣлͣ
ȵЩĻţ֪ǶһѴȶ˸Ժͷȡ¥λסṫ˯ѹһƵػƵ˺Ժһۿϣȷȵͷҷɵİš

÷·滨Ĺ˴³ĶҲ˷УԵԿɰṫ۵ӿһ˿Ц⣬ؿ

ƹģṫɤͳһһԲסŵˣ

žһȣȹӸȥôˣˣ

ṫԴԺʮЩʳȻһûʳʵûоöô˵ȴǵ˵ͷʲôԵô

ŴãŲƢθҲԲ̫ؿζÿ˻ʳʵϣ̨һɽҩࡣⶫиܹȵġ屻ͷԺ󣬰ŶʳͶп̡ȻҲܸŰųһЩʳʱͺЩӵɽҩϹࡣ

ɽҩһ룿طȹӾת˺Щ棿

ʱȥõʳˡͰһڡ

ǹվںϣԥǲǸýȥһ嵭öȻһڱ׼ľǹٻ˲ֹסṫͼȡ

ṫӣʵҲǽݴʷĴԥ»ƫͷͿԶվһò˵ṫӡ⹫ֱһ಼ۡĵϣΪһ߶ʮִĿƲĿȶ˵Ǻһ֥ţЩ

ܹ񻺻ߵǰ˴һ档ܹûʲôرдԥ𾪵õɴۡ

ܹ΢΢һüͷûôͷŶɽҩ

۾һԥ£ݸҸ˵ʳҹۿԲ̫ؿζĶȳЩʳӰɡ

ԥ⧲ӹһ̵࣬ˤ롣
ֱŵˣź֪ЩЦáŮҲ֪ʲôˣȻдˡԥµĿⲻ䵽˹ɽӹй̵һȥԺʯµܹ﷭ˣҵĸ찡òǶȴӢŵүɣ

˵ܹھӪƷٵְλǽʿǿɶԸֻүԥ²гȰ棬ܵӪԶԶһٴ

ԶҲǺܹż߱ʶȵȴȷϾү֪ܼȥսյʬ˳Ҳһ˵ˡԥ¶Ź̵Сܹߣش

֪û˸˵ԥʵǺ棬Ҳȷʵо棬˵㳤úһˡ

ܹһŴɽҩ̧࣬

ʵϣԥ»һھͺˡôһİʳǰ˵ڷ˲ϡס죬ܹʱεЦЦһҨһԽΪΣһȥ۾Բˡ

⣬ʲôҩࣿԥûȫֻ˵ʲôҩ࣬ζֲġ

ܹĿɨǸλãǸ״ǵˡ

طܵˣҪôǴ̣Ҫôǽٷˡܹͷؽһɽҩꡣصһ䣺ԣʧ㡣

˵ţſص

ܻͷŮ֣վһߵ͵ֹ˼䡣ͿŲֶ̊˳һʲôԥѵθڴ󿪵سҩ࣬ǿˡӦȷʵŪˡүȻò˰ȴ˪δ˭׽º͵˸ٴ

治СκεطÿһطпԻ

ͬʱӱ޸ϻؾݴҪµүյһԾǵšǴӻʹģܼСʵ۰ʦΪһ£ٴûܼͻؾǵ¹ڣǻ˵ĶСʵۿʦ̽˰ٴȷʵûһء

ɵܼҵܼμԼʮʵ˵ҲҪ֮ģ˼͸ٴűҰ͵Ҫмֵöࡣ

үӶž޵İ.ã䲻棬ʮϲŵġ

±һڴӦ




80.  ڰʮ   Ԥ췹

һɽҩȥ, ůġԥ̧ź˽ˣﻹǾ֡ĳ̫үԶ, Ÿˡ

ԥл, Ϳһģǣһ庢Ӵߵ÷ɿ, СһҲôʲôط, 档ۿһһСߵ, ǸСѴһ³˺ţ㵽سң̫ˣ

Ÿոܹй˵飬͸оԼȱһߴߴСס

һ, ϽͷСԴһ˫ī۾ǴؿϵСѲ֪Ķ, ϸ첲¶

ҵ죬ôˣͷͷūһվ棬һˣ

԰ȫûʲô⣬ŰŵĴȾ£˵Ҫس, ϳҶӶ, ŪóԵģ

ˣôСһӣȻôһˣ͸˵֮һɺ£ҪСϻָͱˣʱһ󷢺͸ƨһƣһ˸Ϲܣ㵨Ӵ󣡽㵨ӷʣ

Сһû뵽ſûиˣҪ

ƨɰһƣʱЩ¡ڰһƴ֮ǰ, Ͻ㡣Ҫ㵽ܹߣЦЦ񣬸ϽƵһ̨šһ߶һϻ˵£˭ߵʱ򲻴ңһϣ

ⲻµ꿪ҵ˲տСſݵģӲһϸ֦

ССȶȴ죬ðŸ֦ƨɺ׷

ԥĪһӵϷ룬ЩЦá۾ŶСؿŴӵŮܹ̲סľͷ׮Ƶ꣺С磬һ£֪Ƕʿǲܣʮء

ūʱسǺϣܡʵߵ鶼֪һȴ֪
ʱԥö֮ںԺʯ࣬ǳŶԼҳԵࡣΪԭүһ뵽Ҷүһе׽Ҳûʲôʹˣԭˣշ

շǱ㲻ˡԥüͷƳһֹܹȻշ

ūֹ֪ʲôͷŮհʿ

ŮԥȻ֪ǴʱǸ׷źԺӴŮͷӦһʿһ£ŮǾʿ

šūҲ˵ģֱ˵ǳ²䵽ԭһӼ˱ˡԳո߳İʮƳ磬ӾͰһ˵ǳ䵽˵صġ

ԥݷõģƫԶʱзȻΪ䵽СطӵһۿŮ;Υ͡Ϊʵ̫Ρ۾һһЦʮϲлԼ̲סۡ

ԭˣԥ¸пһ䣬ļûҹô

ūû뵽һ仰һ£ûаɣԭҲû˵˭ˡ

ԥµͷŷ˿ɷŮ۵׶ϧ

˵ʲô۽ע⵽һϡԥȥʮүһ˫һ۾º͵ЦʧЩˡǸϽջؿŰŵĿ⣬꽻ūǡ

ܹĿıӰ뿪Ŀ䵽ŵϡŽԽԽڵƤ̫Ŀ⡣ʱΪвü

ţܹ׷һһС˸ǰ

Űɲסţֱֱײһŵһ˲ɿЦ˺ˣĪĪˡҲ֪⺢Ӳһ㺢ӣĪҪһ㺢ȥҪ

⧲ײһĻ˲ɵסعɤЯȵϢġעԾؼܹϵĸ첲ϣû˵ʲôǰ汻׷ðһ¶ھϵСͷԴԾؿܹ
ңϲ˾ˡھȻ˵˸֣

ָܹһ飬ſһ۶ˮͷСһ֪ΪŸҪ㡣Ȼ⺢ˣߵùץ˴˶֪ȥĶˡ

ѵѵˣܹƳһգŴ۾⿴Сӣޣһ㺢ӲͬЩҲסýһӦŵô

Ͳ󣬾һһӶ࣬Աຢӳ첻١ھڱأԳĬƬ̣ԹԵ߳һֻ쵽ŵĸǰ۾ɡ

ſ⸱ģˡҲΪ˸һѵȻ⺢ܶѾ㹻ҲҪģ׷С˼ȦѾˡصһۣǸϸƨϴ˼£»ؾԲһϹ֪ûУ

֪

ɴ˴ŸСŪЩʳͷŹ

СسסǰŸܹ÷ȥֵѾˣڴѾõڿóŶ޲÷ɱȥֲҲ£Ҳʱ򿴿ɹΡڻϵǰϦյ˾š

ҴģɵʳЩ𾪡

ȥԺȻΪƤ౻ˡȻӣȴŮסڴ㹬Ѿͷϲı²ǼٵģŰŵļϺֺ˴㹬Ĺ֡˵ûд󸻴󣬵շСӹʮֲ

ӹжҲ˵ʮˡɼӹ̹

û뵽ᱻƣȴûаȥҲ˵δΡȻϺôãٶޡǰпҴ̣ſЦЦͷسţҪǻҪϺұǡ

壬ǼҴ˵á֪ʳô󣬶̶һ겻Ӿͽʳسǣǰ;ŶҼҹշġ

Ű﴿Ǿ˳ۣҲûͼ°ڰ֣üס¡

øҵһߣܸȫЩȻֻϵʵвҵúܡү֪ʲô⡣ÿĽˣҪȵʡǵĸ˼һҪ̳֡дǰӵģسǣ䱸Ļʮ
ⲻ˵һҪһߣȻڴӦţȥʱڣǲȥϸ͹һչ⣿֪ûУ

˵㳦⣬ŵļԱʲôãеģҪ

㳦ʱҲûԼȫ˵ʱڼнסĹ͡˵㳦ʲôζһ㲻Ťͷվ

Űƹ񣬡ĺܣͻȻһ¸Ŀڲϰߣ㳦ġ

ŵͷҹģҪһ¡Ҫţ̫ɹ͸˲㡣

Ǿ㳦ˣġҸóʡʱҹգգؾ͸Ұ̶һµദĸԸﰲŮᡣһб¼뿪˿ܡ
ҼһżȻ㳦ķʳôЩⲻġҾʵ㿴ţҪһ㡣۸ҷģҾԿġ

űп㳦Ĵ㣬Ȼֵؿҵ񡣵ǻʱҲ˵̫ȻĴֻ̡㳦ķʱաҪЩӡ

ǲҪģ
̺ˬһ֣һȷŵŵǰ㶨ȸš

ȻˣȻһΪ

һ磬ž͸ҵȥѵλȥֻаźͷҷһֱӰŰŵܹ˵Ҫûиš

Ų죬ܲ죬һؿ㵽ʲô£

һЩ˽¡ܹ

źһҭ죺Ǻðɡ

ܹ񿴵ʧ䣬ЩĿǰøֻܵȥء

ˢط˳ӡ



Ҳ˵ⲽ죬ϣζԺٲȻһҪϻļơŵǮ׬ѩƵģ˵ߣ羭ҹշת˯ŵļ尾ھԼ·

·һǺˣӦҪȢٳûжٲȡжЩıҪˮƯˡôԼŬˮƯ
ȻӦȢǾͱö֣

ӵľһ뵽׵İ취Ȼ췹

ĿˮѾˣҲԽķ顣㱻·Ҳ˵

ҩҩ͵شӴŽžߵſڡ

ƫҹѾһæؾͳ

ô˵ףլŮӡҪʲô飬ûʮֳ⡣緳ץһͷôС¶Ҳ˰ɣôû

ҩ֪ȻѾߣǰ˽ȥʲôһû˵ǰķҵʱ̸ҲҶ졣ŵŵѾڻ·ϣҪʲôô

һ㶣бۿСѾߡ
Ѿͷӣϱӻһ١ҪǾ֮⣬ͽѾ߸Ūˡ﷭ɺԼլʩչֽšûޣЩ¶첻ɡû취Ҳ취ɣ·ڱصã

Ｘ˼һģҩ֡

ҩ°ظȥ

ֹ˺һֻҩӰ׵ɷףɷٵ࣬ҩҩǲģҩūȥҲûа취

סڣϲҩһû취˵ɥⶫû취ҲøŪȥ¥˹ЩҲø

ҩѾŵŰ񣬷·첻ɾҪһ㡣
һ£ϥһίίعȥū澣ūֻȥ򡣻ѣѳƼӷ²һЩ˵ġ

˵ĲϱӼ˸ΪУҩҪ̫Ѱ򿪵˵ҩͲԻǡԼӲģÿơҪ·ûǵض£֮±Ȣɣȥ˹ݣ߼û

ҩҪˣᶼֹסҪһƻŮȥֳϣ

԰ֲҷҧӦˡ

ĥҪ췹ڰ¶·ҹ˯Ҳ̤ʵ֪ΪΣ֮ǰҹ˯ʼƵΡﶼһЩԸٵ飬ģģģĻֲȫͬôЩƫڡ

һҹЪϢʱôǴӱ۾ͿʼΣһεԺεҹǽ˯˱û˯ܡ

·Σһһɴ಻˯ˣ顣

ϵ鼮ѱãҳŶѾëߡ·֮ǰŴɫƻҡҷôľӰϸ·Ծػˡš
һ㣬ʵҲ⡣˵ҹ˼ĽŮӣҲ˼Ľǡξﰲֵĳ֮٣ʱİšöĵЦŵģüģŰ۽ο˵ģ֣˵ǰţӦ˵ξİšϾξеİűʵǸȥŮҪҫ۵öࡣ

ʶԼ·Ͻ˦˦ԴͶ뵽֮С




81.  ڰʮһ   з

ŻصϵʱѾǰ, »ʳʳʱսʦݹܣеĸȫȥسǡȻǸ˼ΣⲻҪһ

ʦǸʵ, ʳԭôӪ, ߺôӪȻʦոвСƫ, ѾһָûܵӰ졣Ψһ鷳, ǰܹ񼸸ȥس, ʦ϶ʳʦ
ʦǰбµģ᲻ˡڰѧôãöɫѧģոһ, µľ¥ȥȻǸá

ʵڲУѧ²ҲСصȥʡ, Խ¥Ĵʦѧ

һˣյıԽԽһʮǮĻ˵ʦǸģ˵Ƥðݣš
ˣʦŰŻֱӰ¶ͱźͷ

Ҳ˵ʲô˼, ¶ֻöյûš
ĳʱǺͼ, ͨ⼸˵ֽҲָƽӶȻиģҲס̫ġϾ»иıĸãһȽϣϹҲõĲ

ĻģУǸҲ˶١

ҲɵˣҲܸо

ҷ, ʦûôϸ˼ȥӵģֱԲʲôûߡܵõҵָ㲢ίΣǶҵƷ˶ҵȻҪԵ𶫼ҵΣԽҵĲй¶ȥ

ĲúãȻҪĿޡŵĿһֱףڽԺ󣬸ʦԼɼһнꡣ

ʦڰһ£漸ͽһһ¡ʳԺһ̨ףһԼʮҡ˹ɱҪȥķ֮һԭϺһЩ⻨ѣԼ׬ʮҡ
Լʱ򾻴浹ǻ಻٣ûи˷ӦĹǮ¡˵ףСĹȷʵȴط̫࣬Ҫǵȥٵĳǳء

⻹㣬Ŵ˴λҪĿй۲һơڲû۶ȻҲʮޡԭԤƵƹ뷨Ŀǰ˵ʵʩЩѵģֻһһÿƳ²ɫʱʦֻȥسѵս²ɫѧǡ

ʦĵǷˡȥײҪʦΪһȰյĳӣҪĵ뿪߾ɥʧѧϰĻᡣֻҪлѧϰ²ɫˡ

ҵķԸ

ЪһޣգŸϷţص
ƬԼҺԺĲһֱɹտšһ˻һգָɣײˮĹӡĶѾˣȻûԻѾʼзӦˡǹӲḾ˽׳Եʣ·Ӧʮּҡ

ŷͰζڲԱŻÿ൨ˮҪ³ȥɽϷ޴ضߣƵ׳˶ӣŴһײġ

̫Լ־һȥܰԴۡԼûûصظĳôֻܶһ߽ˮõǷϺͲĥиǶıӣСǰݣȵˮɣ࣬ȵˮһ塣

Ż˺ѷεģðŽӹͲһСڣããû¡

˵Żأû뵽ϺͻȻ֮ҲûˡôɣŰŵķӸ˸š
ӿɲǲ֪¶Сһ۾Ϳ⡣ҲţϾѾʮˡڴǶǵ̵ꡣǹģһǣӼ֮˲۾𻨣㣬ǡˣ

ͻȻ˹һؿǰһøȥ
ȹӻعͷӷ¶һСܾѾܵĸǰһ˫۾СƳĶӣɫƣϽ˸

ҲæŴվڼŮֹ㣬˵ҪСĵ㡣

úããСĵ㡣Ȼûֱ˵ͬڳϡȻӿһɬֹסޣ̫ˣ̫˹𻨣̫ˡ

˵ӿνҸļ¡ҵϰڹ˼ҸΪԼεӡȻЩ˵ƴӡſɿһɽεػ֮¡
û˴˵û˭ﲻ˳ǰ۸һ¹ѵĹѸûżִȱ²ȱԣһӶ롣

ţûίǷһ仰۾Ҳ˵ˣˡ

˵ŻŸϽǻȥ

ǲڴӣߵҲǹӴɨġŻýƽûʲô顣ʵƣߴɨһƿζɸɾŷи£ǽúһģԼһȥ

ƳϵĺãԵа˸ߡÿһҵЩĵطѾ졣·վȫˡ
ſɫƯֻö罷꽴ˮƬö·ȫڲԶ̼⽷ζҲܲԺ֡ػһСӣժʮгƳļ⽷Ŷſڳ麵̵ķϺŴͳԵʳʳ

˵ʳôãŴ廹ûгĲˡ˵յĲ˺óԵòˣһûС

ŰⶫܳˣϺһʱվ

ˡһЦζЩܲܳԵùŶ

֪ľһҷһֱءţ֨ѽ֨ѽ߹һԺͷ̽ͷ̽ԡҪǿԺŽգǶˡ

ߵűߣ֨ѽһţſھſŷҴ󷿼ҵļŮˡ
ɻȥˣɼĶŮˡʱһźڷ尲ЦڣŻˣⲻæˣôпջ

Ż˴վԺӵģüϰŸʲô

û뵽һ˲ǺƤЦⲻǿǻĴæû˳ԡصʡҪǲ𣬲ȥҼҳԣ

ſڵĶͷ˵˵עӣϺǰϸŰһ·ϡͷæˣҲԼùӭһ£ϱˡ̧Ƥһۣͷһں̵š
ߺƵһ˫۾ߣɽҰƵˡ

ϼԼݳȥĻû˽ӲקקߵĶϱЦҪæ

ûһСһͷͷҲصɽˡߵʱ򻹽ԺŸϣûнǽԺ˼
ϱԶȥıӰһڣ˸ʳ˲𣡡

ɽΪҹӣɽϻҵĢֻߵɽ£ԽɽһƬˮΪˮڵĹϴСڹϺ

ҴǿɽˮĴӣȻϺʵܶࡣЩҲøɻĺӿʱѾɽܡ·ݵʱˮ࣬ЩˮúܡûмСץűȭͷзĶЦ֡

űӣ䲻һôз˲ס˽Ų

֪зǡʮ·ݳԡ·ݵзٺ٣ôзĳˡ˻﹡ϿŴֵļӾ̲סð⡣

ǣץʲôأ˵ŻзʷͦԶз˼һ֪Ǹ˼ҳֶ˺ٳзֿǶٵĶһǲգûǸġСץзҲûдؼҳԵġ

ȻС

ⶫﻹ𣿡ЦúͰǸץҸͭǳô

СűһȺ¶¾ʹӦˡ

ץжץ١ſŪзôģһҸһǮץöĶ࣬ô

⻰һǵ»ãȥץ




82.  ڰʮ   ˫һ

ûǮϲ, һ˵ǮãȺСëӶʱͻץзҲץº¿ɲɽҰķϹ档ƽû˳ԵȻһǮһֻ, ץ˳Կץϵɽôһٻ, СëѾץ˿һСˡ
ؼȥõ, С, ڵġ

죡Ȼô࣡Ŷ, Сطзôࣿ

˵ڵĻȻᷴڣһȺС˼Ҳ๵Ҳץôáۿзһ, ú֣ͣˣõҼû, ȥҼҸǽˡ

Сüϵðţ뵽ͭǱз͸ϡ

ŴһȺСڷľԺǰͣ£ǵɴ۾ЩȡҲǴĺӣСڴﳤȷʵûš
ſڵһ, Լȥ߷, ȥһЩͭ

ȺĲʮһ꣬Сꡣ๵ѾòӣȽзһֻһֻСǰû˵ּ۸ֻ˵һֻһģҲСּۻۡһʮֻг˰ƴСҲȭͷС, ȫҪˡ

ʮǮǵϣۿȺûǮĺ۾˲ƵŶЦˡ
ץ˶ֻͷֶǮԼֻҰǷ֣ͷĺӲִս̺ĺӣһһٵ˳Щеʮڵֶָ

˰һۣõñİƯߵ˲亦ߵذͷȥĵǷ֡

һ㶣Ҳʮ꣬ȷʵǽû

ʮǮ÷˶ʮġСĺӷֵٵ㣬СһҲõġǳôôǮ¾ͻ
õǮĺҲûôתѾܿˡǮˣҪȥǳԣĺһͷ߳ȥ̲סܻһ죺ľҵ𣿡

ľڴλߣ˵ͷǰ

Ƿľҵô⺢ִͦš

Ķϱ⻰Ҳ˵صͷǰɡ

ŶСʱæԶˡ

գգ۾û㶮СƨʲôһβзЦһ£ˡˣѵóһأͲƽôࡣŽзԺӣ˵ĽѾԺԷһǢţҲûȥأ׼š

зиܳԣӾԤŪ㡣ȥ󶫼һ£˵⡣ʱ˳ҪЩëصңľķϺŪ˸ˢӡ
߲ŴҲУȫùſʳģԤ磬س

зǴҰз̭úܡëˢӸһˢɾȻп׾һз粻ζ߲Ŷз׵ˢϴԺžͱ˸ƿˡϵ粻ϵɣ˵үӾġ
ʱٴλԭһʳûţͻ𼱻ǵ´

ظĲǺҶŷˣ׵½塣һһŽʱԺ˵ĸ˶һүӱߵû磬һ±ƵظϡûŪô£ͼԼ游ңֱ߸ɻŮȥ

ţʲôأүȥǽһ죬ֱԼҡ

ˢзˢרģ䲻үӸһ̧ͷݵ˵үӣؿھ̲סһۣүܱܲôɤţֲü

ʲôţүӱǳҲգԼ˸Сһߡ½״Ŀ࣬ôƢ˼ǸƢүӡ
˼гзϰߵģÿʮ·з֮ʱҼҶһЩүӾǳз֣з˼˭õö˳ͷһһзһˣзʱڵˣôÿ궼Ǿʮ·ݳзأ

ûɽﳤСзɿˣúץġſûĵԶվŵṫϼ羴Ŀ⣬ˢзһֻһֻԱ߸ɾˮﶪ

үӶзգۣͷŶǳԸˡ

ƽ͵˵ŻүӹɵòǸСʵĹѪͷĵʦСվߣүӸƵ׷ǸŮʡŮģ˴һ䣬˾Ͳ˵үԴ𣬾Ȼͦˣ

Ǹүү½ܵС𺳣е㻺⼱عǡ

ŰүӿһŸס£

ôһѾˢһзһۣسǿһʳҪس⡣үҪס

꿪سˣүӾˣ߲£Ͱʳسˣ

˿û̫죬ֻԼʱ䣬еˣȻҪչġԭһСط󡣡

үӵû뵽ŶôسҲһ׮£ҲܵôԶĵطүӣۿŰʰз˵Ҳվȥ۾һ˼ҵĹ̨ƳôûƽǵĶ㣿

سҪ졣ųһѲ˵ϲ£ˣղŻص£̨ûгԵġ

үӱҲգ˰һۣѾͷذ㶼þϰף

ҲûԵİ͵зƢθˡ

үԭתһȦȴںûߡ

½Ծ°ͶҪʹӽԭʼ˭ǵ游͸һֱ˳ëϻƵģƢõܲˡ̧үү۵İţͻȻһ¡
ŮһصĴֲ£βסɫ죬üȾ졣һ̶ˮСطȻݵĹҡ

⵽Ŀ⣬̧һҲһ

⻹ԴӴԽ磬ڶ˴۵ṫӸ硣Ȳܹ񿡵ףǰҲʵɫ

ֻǹӲȻŶһۺһ¡

ЦЦͷֿٵؽзꡣ׾ȥȣʼϡ͵Ƭһֱ͵ķΧүǱü۶ŰϷŪԵİɡϷ򼱸ϵعûóʳء

Ϊ⹫үӵӣ̧ѯʵؿһۡ

½էûкҶŷϤš״һ˲ûŪʲô˼

үӵĳθЩôʳ

⻰½ˣöˣػȥдүζʮ־ϲ˷˹ģүӵӲŻᡭ

ˣ߶߶߶߶ˡȻүӵӣҹӵõҲʵΥ͡үֱӿڴϣŰ⡣СϷǲӣ̵ЩظȻЩʤϷ˲٣ŪЩʳɡ

ݵһ½塰ظЦЦһԡ

ſһۡˣүҲҪӡӶô˵ǿ϶û⡣

ҲͷˡտʼţүӶ˵ˣȺˮɡ

νˮ򵥵ĺˮˮˣ漦ľŷ죬ģ̳ǣҨ󼦵ĿˮȥԱáǰźСʱ򣬴һӵĸġȻ򵥣Ҳһζ

ϾҪˣҲûŪ࣬͸үӴһۿһүӵ۰ͰͿţɴִһһһ

ĺǷԼģŷǡζʮζ

ˮⶫ÷ǳ죬ȥûһˡ½Ź̵뿴Ʈ״ÿļЩ£ⲻǸ󼦵ô
ûԣһûүԼ˸׾Сϳ

ԥһ£游ԵãȻҲԵáʱӵ֣游һСϳһȥƤ۵ģҧͮͮĵĵġˮһζ½嶼ó棬ŮôѼӵģ

ĵ˭лġ

һˮ¶ǣθůµϰˣԹ̵ˮ˶һɽôһ͸ˬˬ˵ʥͳйɽ֣½忴ǰɽҰӲľ㣬Ŀĸо

зǱߵѾϡиã䳴СժϴԤһ򵥵СԸζ

ԭܼ߰ͣҵվͲһˡ

ܼҴլԺǽ塣Ƭһص䵽ӵĽ䣬ΰԣѾʹӹһءϿǽͱŭĶüͷôᡣСʵۻٴû͸˲ѯٴ֮°ˡֲǷͷΣڷĻ

£ȥϽˡ

һߣݵı͸ѹס

ٴٴ˻겻ɢѵٴûб𣿣Ÿ豭Ѿϡ飬Ѫָһһ䵽ذϡ

ϱΪʱҲЩۣٴ͸˵ģҩҲջȥģôЩҩѾĸҲȲСʵλɣ˾ˡ⺢ҲǣΪ˸ʲô

ܲĸףݼȷŭ֮沿ⲻסس鴤β
СΪʱΪճѹҵͷϡ̳˵λ÷Ī游ֻظ嶼ġԶֻ֪ܼٴžޣк˿üңˣͷûˣһǰѲľ͢ķṦΰ߽Ĳʵ£أأ

ŭһѴ϶ˮķѣݱҲѧıҲѧˡѧʶ۳иҹǿĶ

⻰һв嵽ϵ
ɫһף𾪵ĿԼĶӡ۳ⲻֻݵʹţϵһĲܼףеٴĸҶҪȴᵶᰮһӣܼҵڸ˵ҲóԸ޽ܼңȴǼ޸İܣܼҶү㡣ȻһĸͬȴΪбر
ܼǸƵңļ̳һֱϸյճ̳еĹءΪ겻֪ͬ޽ܼԺΪŻ˶ꡣ

ϲòΨһ˳ˣܼҲƸ

ݶЩΪ˶ίݿȴ˵ڹΪ

ѿڶĻ˵ͺˡ
ȷʵ룬ԼٴٴԶһźƤһóܼҼ̳˵ݴͷָ˭Ǿǵһӡ

ݰԴŤȥû˵

ȴؿ۾ˡžǿĶӣۡǣݵһ۵ĶӸһٴˣûˣ

СʵҪ飬飡һڿɬȥٴֲ˵¶һܿյСʵжͣƨµλ֪ãαΪСŭ

ΪСʵ۲ٴһ·ŭֻǡ

Ҹ˵Լڱ߽Ϊٴָʹһְ©Լ̸ֽĴܳ͢ѾǷ꣬ҲһҧٴľɲʹźĲܼҲɣ̾嶷Ĳпᡣ
ֻԼΪ̫ԲСһз紵ݶ㱩ŭСʵۻٴݽ񾭣Լܱˣ

ĸһլֶʲôݲͣԽԽ飬ǶҵӡǲϿܼҼ̳˵ݣҼ̳ٴһУ

Ϸ˶󹦷򣬳ʮŶһУôɣ

ҪΣٴʬȥģȷʵˣСʵ۲ҲҲˡµģٴ򱻲ʱܼҵһжȻᱻջȥȻȥǱ߿ʲô˿Сʵ۷ѵĻᡣ

֪Ȼ֪Ĩۼֻŵ֪Сʵ۵ĶûüţҲһ˿һ쳣

˵ţһȭϣѪԽԽࡣ

ϼ״ʱߺȣˣûˣд

һ£һҡ

ͬʱ͸˵ܹվʳĴãŹǽܵĻȥȡ˱ظÿ˵Ļڴ뾩ǻ޼ۡ±ʣܹѣȥ䰲У˳ȥվһš

һײۣڷһľվе֮Уһһͷ顣￴ѧ̲סӷ϶͵ֻþ档

⵽ļҵĹӾȻ˳ĿسǺʱĹӣ

ܹ񷭿һЩص־ûҵǱƵġϵǲЩʧһһ֪վԶΪ͵һЦǰȥλ̨ѧ˵ѧӡسǲã֪䰲ʫںδ

ͻȻܳöЩ£ʫ磿

¹һǰ˴ѧΪࡣܹѻܻȥüڣⲻسǵʫоѧӻĴͳȥ

Ŷ˵

ǷӦ˼ܹߵƫȥĿİͰ͵еģУУÿ³ʮү죬سǼҾѵѧӿԼĵ֮ʫʵĲɣѾˣʲôǵõ¸³ʮ

ԭˡܹͷлָ̨㡣




83.  ڰʮ   㲻䣡

ͥ޳, ССϿ̴Ĵ̣ȥЩԼ಻ԶĴɽ½ԺкȻظһ仰
ֲүӻȥԺûþҪʰûзߵ԰ȷʵ⡣

, Ƚзճۺը, ҵͮ, ٽнȵϱ㡣ǹӴ̼ζ, һըзȥ, ǹӶζзζʹڳͷԸߵүŶҪˮ
һûߵ½ҲѵñסˣԾؿŲɽˮŮ

治ɫӵζٶȺܿ졣ֻ, һһȴ·һĿ½ǰû뿴ʳͷһءò˵, ʳ˵ĸοκһ˶ܴĵζġ⿴˵½ŵ񾭾ôɳ

зȻԹ¼̫̫зÿˬʱ¼Ҷٰȫз硣ǴзԵĶôպųԡ⻹½ͷһؼʶз

ȻΥڵзȻͷȥȥԺֻʣôһС顣зҲͼԱ, Ⳣζ, Ȼζñá·ɿطзɫԽԽ졣֭˽ɫŸϸӣתͷһزˡ

Ĭֻƽֲڴһ̻ĻȴĪӡ½Ժ½һʱ䶼סֱױžһƴ졣

游ͻȻһƣ½廹Щ¡

ĵضôСʲôүӵŰŵûвӵ̨񾯸˼, ȥⰭ¡

ţʱĻºô˵

½屾޹游һ仰Ծһ죬˳ȥ

ûע⵽һС˾˵òͽҿǡȻѸ֭зʢûл¡ⱲӾûȢޣͻСˡ

ȢޣΪβȢޣү⻰һ㶡ǼǵģܹСӷͶšϡøƵģôܲȢޣ˵ʮ岻СˡеĹʮľףʮ弰Ǻһڱޡ

ҲСžһƴү֣һۣתӹóһ뽫Ӹϣֻʳûб˼

үֱһ䡮ûûСѾͷ㬵ذջȥ

һٷΪүŶ˼ˡһзһС⡣سһ벻ֶüż˼ˮˮȻ򵥣ȴǰϲĲˡϱӶУүүÿ綼һ롣
ۣʮϴл붼ܳȥ

Ȳ˵˵ϵĲ˱ʷͷһء

¼ݣԹɽ亣ζ֪١ʵϡʳĶԹ⻹ͷһسôֶ̼صζзʵзⲻ֪ʲôֲһϣǹζȥöʣֻûζĵζζʡһ֭ʵǵ۾

ӷϺԲ˵ͷһس԰Ĳˡһ֭ȥʳΪôˡȺζȥ򶼲

ζҲӡûзͱֹвܳз

Զڡ˲࣬ҳԷҲûзϰߡһȺ˶һ𡣳½е㲻ϰߣүӶͳ

ŵͷڡзлѪЧãɻ̥

һ̥֣ʱԼָʵҪ㡣ֻЩöЩƲסѵóԵĲˣϧܳзźΪһڳԵҲҶ¡ɰ뱲Ӳŵһ

Ŵ屾зңһϱίͰͣзҲˣ

ʵҲʣһҲһ̰׵˲ٹⶼЩίĹӺһ۾һӾʣ

Űûвúȵġ̲סͽˡ

үæһڣ°͸ҫƵĶ½壺Ҳ

½һʶ̫үӵ쳣ľľһǰ룬ǳǳһڣ۾ʱ

ɣүӵ÷·ģ˺úȡ

½Ѿ֪˵ʲôһԼ游๾ཫ꣬ӱ㿪ʼвˡзˣȻǳ̺ĲˡⶫðζзͷҲһɱⶫʱʱǺˣû֮ǰǺֱˮ

ʱ볢ζһھܾʱ˳ܳԣȻǸϽ

ԵȻһյӰ̼ζͳͷ·ë׶ˡʵϣǳĶģʱ䰲أϰ֮ǰ˸СĶչһ͡СĶÿĳʳǺ˵ζүӵʱһڶԲȥ
ͬз·йƵģԵһ߹һ̲סֳһӡȻѸһڰ׷ͷĺʪ޽ǣһ
үү½״һæҪֹ

ġүͷҲ̧

һʮ֪û¡

үӸصļԡԵͶˣ۾Ź½ܵĳѾ࣬ҲͿˡùܾͲܰɣ˴¶

ϺҲһӵŴУ쳢

ŴҲǸؿζģзտθСζ˼ڴ׷

½ǳյз¶ǡûɣԼ游̲¿࣬ź¿ӡ˵ζɴ̼ˡ̼оǻˣˣȴ᲻¿ӡ

үһ߳һп˸˻ǲһһĶͬζȴر
ôûţʲô



ԣҲûζжáôŵһζû߶ãããⶫζðоһϷľ̼ͨˡ

û˵ʲôֻǿүһ߳һߺˮģе㵣ģүƢθܾô

ǿһүӵӡʱӱűֱˣǿӱ游µû졣𿴾ݵһĶţϲ̼ʳзΪǱϲȴҷСⲻͬˣһȥŷζɡ

ղŵĵǣôһĹʵʵ뷹Ѿ˶ǡ

ţаɣӶûӦû¡



ǣ·ȷȥǡ
ѾµףϾǰ¡˵ǴԶʮһ£һһ¡¡˵ӽ굽½·¡ΪŮ죬ǵг̲̫졣ԹƵ¡
˾Ժ󻹵ðݻʦʦ֣һҲð٣ϸʱܸϡ

ʶ·ſʼڡȥ߳ǰװ׵˽ʱգҲôȡ׷ԼľкҲܹ˭

ʱ·Ϊ˴˴οƾٲÿ¶ʮֿ̿࣬νͷ׶̹ɡϾ·Լʦ˺͵һһɳ졣·ԼҲ¾ģڴ˴οƾһסΪ˲м˺Լʧ԰䡣
ӦȢȷʵЩҡϲȴġҪˣ·ʱįΡ԰֮ǰһ棬ҲʹӦ

ĵصȻǰѡͶ˽Ĳ¥ӡ

¥ڽһǺӱϣǽһĺõط˲¥¥ᣬԿǷĽ־нĻ۰ҹﶼСƽȲ;ĶǽĹٻӵܣַǳ

ƽ綨ȻѡȻ߰Ҷһļλߴʮһ䡣ǲ䰲ŻּҹӵģԼǲᶨ

·֪Сɬ˵ص㻹һ¡ȷûֻܵͷ

ˣЩɡ

·ҡҡͷʱܵȢǲȢˡԸⶥסĸ׵Ĳһ檵ݡ
ǵģ·Դ֪·밲֮£͸ɴص·Ȣġݲ·ȢŮޡĶӿ·ҵճ⣬·ҵļֶεӣݵ΢۽խͲ䵱·ҵڸ

˵ڸˣմ··˶衣
·Ҳ֪ӶǵģԽ¶Խ̫ݷöӶŮɴԼɿڣԸһ檵ݡ

Ȼ·ͨԱȢΪ޵İԸĸ׷ԡѾŬΪȡˣõѾõĽ

··̣ǲġԼŮӵֱ·ȻҪԼֶζԼĶ·ӦԼѾλõһ᷿ĴĬĬᡣ·Ŷ룬ϵľһ˫ίȴ־ǿ۾

ôֿˣ·Ĳ£ᡣ
ʱֻŮ·شһһϡʱ۲ѣ첽Ҫ氲ᡣ

ƫһľǿ·Ҫˣˣ

ίίĻһ·ľһţʲôڣҺʱǹ㣿

ʱĪͱƽˡԭѹŵίһ˲䱬ٿޱޡص˽·ĻУһȭش·ؿڣһһµĴ㶼ûңּôίҲңȥ㣬Ҳ䵭㻹˵ʱǹңǱˣ

·ΣôһʱΡ¾ͽǣⲻڶ飿ϾҪˣұгҲҪ硣˵Ұˣ

⻰ûǱȥ뵽Լ⼸µ£շתļ尾ǹɽһһɵӿһһŵµûͣļơ
˲ʱɤӴ·ĻһűһίͰ͵裺ȥǾһҪԼһ𣿡

ţ·ǰʪһƬеȴҲõŰаźõġ

Ҳϲ

ϲ˭

ã

ȷ·ûԺǹӱߵĵðҪ׵ˣôñܻ䣿δ׵ıͬУͲҹ֪Ĵô

磡·ʵڲϲ˶ⴧԼãлԼˣԡ

ԣҪԣǾԼĲ˻ɰհȥðһ·ǰöĴ룬ֺαɻöǸδıδû֣

磡磡
·ᵽ·˵ŮСҲ˵һ𳤴װףǰ˵ΪñԴףδ̫Ե

һ仰̵ðͫ׾𶯡Ȼվָ·ıָϱΪ˰̹ͽԺã˶ܶԶ֮ƾʲôԴ׾ǰԵ
ž䣬Ͳ
ĻδæסˡϱӵⱲûзʱóȻ˵ָ·ˡ

һͷ¯ָ̣·һ裺·˵δ̫ҵġһ㣬Ϊ̫ں㡣·˺ãôðָˡ

һΣ·̾˿Ҳ磬ҹͷ㻹ǵøĸӡ

˵ţϵһһ˳죬֪ΪΣӺЩȡ




84.  ڰʮ   һƸ

µȵʱ, Ҳʵ·˼ҹӵ֣Ҳȥ·ĲŶֻһǵĺˮһһεػ´, Щɺԡ
ֱһˮ, һ

ˮˬ, ȥûһ, 뷴һƻ𡣷·𱻻ҽڸǵĲ, Ӹȫôأ˻ԴʶҲЩ翴, ۵˸Ĺ⣺·磿·磬ôˣ

¡·ڰ, Щȡ

ȥĲˮܽȣˡ
ǴʱãֻߵǽյİĶˡ·ʱǰŮĵһֳ嶯һѹɳ嶯̲סȻȥ˴ת֮ʣ氲۵޹ؿ

˶, ǳǳһЦ, ŴȷʵЩꡣ

确һ·ŻعʱġվС鲽ƹӣϣǵĺ

˴յýˣһɹ˵ϯϱǼ⡣¼ƹ𻨣ŵ·˼ˡ

·磬˵һѰסŴͼλϡ˲, ·ʱЩƲסȻֻס˰ļ򡣹̵¶ȷ·˵ƤеĹɫһжʱϲ

ȴװһ޹ģŰƴСգŴ۾ɻؿ··磿

վüս˿·ְͿ˺ĺĿ֬޵ɫͷӣСڸˡʱģ·ǡ

·ĺʱ»һ£Ƶذ£Щ

οƣͻĻȥȥԽԽҵļơ·Լоȥܻ¡˵վ͵⣬̸ȻûھͷԼ䱻ץסץһᡣ

磬·ǰѾʼˣȫĿ⼯ڰһϡ֪֮У᷿ȫ˳ȥֻʣ棬ҡ

·Ҫȥ𣿡ûڣͽضĻƯҡҡ׹һȻģǿûм㶼ô

⻰һ·ҪߵĻʱЩ˵ˡ
ԴǴӽݻڶ෽Ǳһֱ԰ܶżһҲʮ䡣˵ʵ·ģȻû˵Լûسŵǹƽȥ԰ĸָͷһ˵Ͷҡ

һͿ˽Ļ

·ܣһϸͻȻ˹ֱǻϽ͡һ׵˵ʲôر˫ۡ

᷿ŴգһŮҵ첻Զ

ҩ᷿ſڣŶŰϻ䣬ϵķ綫Ĳֹ

ŮӺһУȻθߣһ˲ʣ̶ڲסķ·Ƚţ޿ײĶ䡣ҩʮֵļ尾һټҹص.̳һѾߣ䵽˾ءֹסպ죬ҩյ۾һһεشջ䡣

߳ܣ̧ͷΪԼȻо衣

ûһСѾߵģӵķԸ졣˽Ҳһϯϯ˶ȥڵĽ

ҩſʱһȺŮЦ˶¥
ӵȻǸȺŮǽĹٻӵܡǾӳԲģŰŸȺһʱա̫ǵϰߣѡһŽŲҩץһĨѸվſͽ

ôˣҩţĵ죬㿪Ű

һɤӿɰѸ϶¥ŮĿ

ڶ¥ľͷŰ޵߿ۿҩʧ룬Ͷ·ģǶ֮ģһŮָʹߵʹǰʵ׳ʲô¡

ֻǲǸʹӿһƳŮδµĹ𾪵صɴ۾ŵؿǸ᷿

ҩس˹ʹӵһץסһֱ޵УǣǼҹɡС˷¥ȥȡˮԺžʹˡôöûţǹŽǣδס

ŮǶǼнŵĹңȻ׶һδĹжҪ¾ûƴǣʹǰȥײš

һһ£صһŸײ
ʹӵڻ߽ȥĿ治ĿĻ棬ʱųš

ôһǵۼϳǹﱧŪӲˣǽĲ·Ҵ·

찡

ǹţعĹһɫʷ׳ʡһ磬·밲ĳ¾ͷ·˳ɱꡣ

Ҳ˵·˵֮¸Ϲ˷صĴʧ̬һĻһѡ·ҸΪˣ˱ҡ·̫̫˲ԸϹϵİ糶ʧ̬һ
˵ԭ򷽼Ҵ壬ŵȫһ֣ȫˡ

ƬԵ𣬰Ÿ˵úü·硣

⼸վŹȥҴšүڴ˺üգ½ŬһϵĿġڷ·ѾԵүӣѵүүɱ¶ҲԹˣЪϢҲЪϢò࣬ǲǸ뿪ˣ

뿪үһС׼ƶ罷İŸǰĿתضŰµĶͷҲ̧ѵǵȥҪԶˣǶǷ

½壺ֱǿʶ˵Żˣ

ˣš

үӶһͲˣר־ؿŽ顣Сòȱʮֿɿ·ĺöУǹζ̼˶̲ס硣

ζȻ壬һ紵ǲԽܡǱֶ˼ʮͷͽЩϸ飬Ȼһ衣үŲһԿţ̲סͻɣʲôôϸ顭

罷ŽȺκǣȻһСƿ׾Ƶȥ

Щһ룬ζͱú罷

ţȡĹӹȫװȥܷ㣬ܶ˵ϡ

үӲʲô˵ϣȻϵģǲʲ˿Գԣ

Сûڣžʹ룬罷ٷżգȻζ

֪ʱ˸ҲһԿŵ½壺

һ˴޵Ķ罷ʣʵ
űı֪´Сʮաеʱչ÷ǳ죬ÿЩˣϾʱȥسǽʦ²ɫ󲿷ʱ⡣ܹþõȲس˹ʣŶһζȥա
뿪ԭ֮ʱѵõĻЩ᣺Ͱйĸտˣȵ˾ժѣһڵӡ

ţȻڴӦЩһչ˵ģɽϵǸҲſš

׼سǵǰϦȥϽʦһЩϵ¡רȥӺĹԺⷽһ峿̳

ȥسǵֻаһˣӷʱسǣϵʳչ⡣үʮٲȻһȥĶǾ͸ȥĶļơүֱԼҵڰǰ档˾ظŰһȥسǡ

үһ·տ·ȻǹͲ

ŵִسǳſڣܹعˡ˭֪ͷһƿһƤµṫ۾سͷɣں

һڣܹϵЦ˲ˡ




85.  ڰʮ   ˫һ

ߵɫͮɫȾ, ƵѹǣԶɽһߡһ紵ӰӰбѻȸķ, , ȴĪһƬš

½գգ۾, ºаش䵽ܹϡ

ֻǰһһײ, ڷ, īȾ΢Ĺϣ·һݵ÷·ˡ½ʵҲʮֲ, ڽһСطȻ˳ڵˡ

ŶүӴͷ, ںͷأĪǰ浲·

ܹĿ½Ų䵽үӵϣүһ˫۾ؿʱһ죬үףתȥ

˯ءŴ·ƺƽ̹, ϳԺ˯ˡܹƿֻŮ뿿ڴ, ﱧһİһšС˯㡣Ũܵ۽ޱɫ˳Ӱӡ촽΢ţϢ΢Ĺ£ϣ

ܹü֮еı˪һ˲仯΢΢
ϳܹսɵǸĳԴܹѵԺ͹ԾòˡӲؾ߻ؽĻֻܹķԸ¡ҲˣԼһͲһˡΪܹѰ磬һԥûС
˵, ͷĹû˱ǸʲôݡԭĸΨһĵŮŰſɱȸŰһŮҪǰ̵öࡣûǸʸ񵽵Ů£Ҳø

ӡ

ܹƳһۣŵ߰ɣʳ

νȥаŻ˾ǹټҵ.̵ūͣ߶±СūҪ׵öࡣ

ַ̧³ӣ˦ޣ~

ǰļҲѾˣں棬һ˻λƵصʳ

ſڵʳߴһ㣬ſѾٽʱ
ڵʱ̫ڡүƿӣһ۾ͿʳҡµĵŻƵĹ⡣½һ۾Ϳɷĸ֣֣̾Ǻ֣

֡үһҫĿСҲĸҽ̵ġ

ҽ̵½ȻŹʵүԭֲ֪顣ڰţദ˿ʮգһ˽⡣ܹһ֪Ƿˣ

ү̲סһۣ˵ظСӻɵ
㿴ˣ˵ҰһСȫ֮һˡСǿ˵ȥˣ˵ү½ظʵϣСʵ۰ϲһ¼ҵĵȴװɵ

½屻游һȻֻѿڶһ䡣

ſһ̵ֲ

ǹһ·װеġԼֻĸźʹӼ滤ʹӵ棬ʳǰĿյزܴǰ׵˲ú

ʳĻǣԺŵ߹ʵϣһͣˡǸоԼڵƣӲͷƤûۡ
ֻһǰһ޳Ĳͻĺߣӵĺ𶯡űǼһ÷·ѩϢϤ϶еϢŲԼ˯һô˾ĻˣֱСƣ

ܹʵѾоϢı仯ûв𴩡ƴὫűסŵ㱧ɵ

ްֻüһڵ·ܹƹǰֱͥӴʳ

½ſĿ˱ӰԶȥ΢΢Ǵ

תͷ׼ߣͿүŴŵķ

游½һ㶡

үӶλϣΪԼ衣
֮Ѿ˵ƣƻͨĿ˳ſڹŵĻһһؿȥ΢΢Ĺ⡣Ȼ䵽Լĵϣ̾˿ȹɣջ裬ζʵ

½үӵĶ£һ̵Ĳˮƹһ΢΢ɬĻ㡣

㿴ǽϵĻջίʵ΢൫ݼ㡣һȥƣȶ·֮ɢ֮ԼĻΣ

үӲ˵½Ҳע⵽Щʵϣ½ȻܱΪݵһӣȻǲŻڡˣóҲһʳǽδļȻǵһ۾עֻͻүӵһ£ŽĿƵϡ
ɽһδ֡壬ǳһ˵֡ɵЩǷǸ

ùʣ˻ƫд⣬ǧȻǵһӣ½ҲԼĽġȲ͹ˣҲԷƱͬĻӦһŶۡ

үӾϡԷƱӡ˵µķҪѧǫѷүϲٵǫѷ־ߣ־ջꡣ緢ûʲôãɲϲƼδļ̳ΨΨŵŵһѺЦȷʵͬǧ

游Դӳݱֱԭ˵ŵĳȷʵ˵ãλί¼ҡ̫Ҳã游ʵϲšϸ̸бǡ

ûܡ˵꣬үӱЦˣŸһӿɲͬ˰ڲӡ

½岻֪ͬɣ

һ䣬үζؿԼӡ
СӴСʹϻۣãʸߣڻŽ̫֮Ų˫۾ѾͷǸʲôӣôЩʱû͸˵˭˵ѰҪеģ

Ǻ⣿½һ㶣ڳԲүӡ

үȴѾø˵ֻһвˮȥʳĽṹԭʳһģһүӱ۾ҵλá

֣ҡڵƿֱ˼ҵҵĺͷͥԺ½ü˼Ƭ̣²үǱǵõϢԲ㲻Ųæ
үЩʱոӰ룬Ǻʱ֪Ϣ
ɻ½Ҳбյȥ

˵˺߾ֵöࡣ
ͥԺϵĵȫȼţƻ硣ղűܹ񱧽ԺӵİŴʱͨԺӵʯԡԱߵʯϹվһĺӣС겻ߴߴ

ţ滵ػȥôþȻûң޺ԭΪֻǻȥձһȡʮգȵĻҪлˡһļһֹ˼ϻصŷĲһϹܣֻʵʵسȡ

뵽ղŵĳջЩյûţҪæпմ棿

ֲҪ棬Լ棡СһĹĵġ

ˣŷܵذ֣»ؼǵôˣˣˣ

СһһǾò⡣һֵֻŵĸǰװͰ͵СģҪծƵģҴ̶أ˵Ҫһģ

̶ϸһ㣬СһϣܱϵĺӲԲһֱúãذҪȥðŸ

Լȥã

Сһʯӣһشˡ

үѵõŲںæʯϷ㶡Ťͷ۳æ
Ųس⼸գʳġ˵ʱҲͻͽó֮ˣŴ߽̣Ҳðһ̵ֽ

үԥҪҪȥͿ߳һӰ
Ӱ߸ݣ֪ʱ紵ߵƣ¹ϣ֥ϹŵЦݣü֮͸һصϲ֮ɫˣǰʱڳſڼܹ񡣲ѣղŰ׵ģʱһɫ

ʱһƴС룬С߹Ȼö֮ʯԱ߰ŵߣƵǰȺһ롣

ţ

ڸղţܹװİŻصĹ뷿շ˾ͼԼ°մȾһĺɫӡǡӡǻ͸ʪܹ֮»ָһ¡Ѫ֮󣬸ϽӲͷƤװİŸӱۡ

Ϣֻۣܹ֮üͷһģһʱûӦȻһ񻹾ĻţˣѪȾһ

׹޷ûУ

ʵϣΪоᱳʮܲſ˯ŵġʱԼеоܹʱҲܵȪӿġǱһֽҵÿԼֵݡʵصһƣʺƨܹϣؿڻ˵ͼ

찡Ҫû˿ڸطԼˣ

ϻҪҪ򣿡

áδ̫šŵͷںĽˮе׼̶һ㱡񡣲˵ܹ֡ζеŨʵ˵̫šһ⻹ܹһ³Ҳǿܹˡ

ôˣ̫𣿡ܹ֪߳ܣԱû¶Ц⡣Ѿͷ߳ŭԺ󶼲ǣСˣ˵ԤƵ£ˣ
ܹԴʱʲô飬ϲõѾˢеĹǣСڳˣ

û޾ɵغһڣ̵һ£һٺȡ

ܹ͵͵ءšһ̧Ϲ춢үӡ

үƺʲôԴһŤתۻشǱȥվŽǸˣ˵ûߡܹע⵽ɴ̨߹

ܹ뵽һš˼⡣

ô
½ûע⵽ܹԼ䵭Ȼƫͷ˰ţţô

һŬεĻ˦ȥͷ

½ö֮ڰߡ
ȻĿ䵽ȵСϡȻûҲŵζŹһ£һ䣺ˣ

źˮһ٣صͷ

Ǳܹ۾Ѿ΢΢Խ̬ѵñֳ˹ԣλǣ

үӵ½¹ӡ

ʵ½ӡ󲻴Ӵ˽˵ˣ˵ദʮʡǲʮ˵үظȴֵʮִݡĳЩ棬ܾܹƣλ

ŵδ򣬡ܹһ仰ܣֹ񡣡

ܹ񣿡Ȼһֱү˵û뵽ܹܵġ
ңҲʮֶ졣ûмǴĻӱٴֹ
ƺ뵽ʲôʱһֱӡ˼ֿһܹղűŵǹɰȽϵľʱɢˡ

ҹɫԽԽ¹ݶк£ʯԵϡ¹½巢ǰһֲҲڸǲסĽࡣطǳʱһģ

ǵ˼Ƭ̡
ȻȻվͻȻ뵽ЩҪһ£ʧ㡣

˵ţȰ˵Ѿ뿪ˡԺ

ôˣѾһ뽪ȹ⣬Ŀ׷½ıӰɻʵ

ܹ۽޵ʹѻƵ۽еĹ⡣
ùǰֻԴŰŵɫ°ɣѾڼϺһ˯

ˣ¿ˮ̵顣ޱصͷš

ȻתҪߡ

һͷסȻתһȦ䵽ܹĻС

ŵ۾صɴ󣬲ŵؿԼλá̧ͷͻȻֲԸĶܹ񣺡ôǱ˻ˣҲڵļ㱻ԴͻȻˣ

ܹߵĻһ£ҭҭεЦţҺˡ

ŬؽƣںΣգǳΣաŴûõĶǰ´ûճԣƲԿǻᵽͼġܹѾһѣһɲٻ٣ʲôڣ

ܹҲоԼΪˣǸ½忴ŵʵջ𣺡Ȣ֮¡

⻰˵ͻȻ

һ䣬Ͼİźһᣬˡ

ܹһѵñݳ̬´Ƴһ۰š˫۾ֱضƫȥȢ㡣



Ҳ˵ܹһشڰŵԴϣҹ˯š˵Ϊӳ彫ŵѶѹȴһֱŮѹŵּ̫̫ڱ
ŭ֮½Сõ¯һأ龭ӵĵǡʲô֮Լʲôȫӵ԰Ӷһͳͳ˲ϡ˽Ѷûİ廨ذּҵԺʲô涼ڳ潸

СС;֪Ӱ

Ѱ֣㲻潸ʲô̫̫˫ĿѪ죬ָŹڵؿڵİƿڴԺ潸һ֪ܣ֪ʲô

̫̫𾪣ϱ˳ûôָűȰ˵Ҫڵ£

ĻڽӶ顣

ڵ£̫̫ҪЦˣڵǸ˵ģûƤû¼ӻʲôڵ£Ҫ˸棬ԼҲ˿¶һϴŮּҿŵķϸһݣ㻹Լˣ

ʵϣȻһҪľǽִֵ·ҲòȢĵزԤ˿ͷȴûԤϵ·ּûаļƻߡԭΪ·Ҵ̫̫Ϊ·Ϊ·ҧҲóƿ·ҵȫȥ˭֪·̫̫˵ĺ֮ͥ°ѳӴϳ涪˸⡣

Ǹװ׵޹ܺߣҲΪһΪ˲෹̸ʡ
ô˿²Ǳģͱؼ޽·ҡһҵλöʴȡ

뵽Ѿˮֹּ̫žȻ編ƣ

ΣҲǰҵĹ˰ļƻšţǵּΪӳųµ飬вҪΣҲǰãòһ˸Ӵŵ裡ſңҽվдŻؾǣøĸ

Ȼ⻰һ̫̫ǰھҪǱ߿ִֵ̫̫ʱͲˣң

βң

µ񣬰ҲװСģúöӺһŭ֮£ÿ磬ܷ˵衣»һʱһʱƾʲôҪ˳ǵ⣡Ұҹ׼Ϊҹˣ

˵Ļѵյûţ

ִ̫̫ҲǾˣûѾͷȻ˺Ƥѵ˳Ϊ˭㣿

ҺθɣЦѾˣƾֻбЩòȻļһԻ̵Ľôӣ߾ȥǺ˵¶ҿûȥԸţԼţ

㣡ִ̫̫ݸ˸ָ˵

ɲǣŲȷʵֻӳ塣Ųʹӳ壬ӳ塣ӳΪ˸˭ȷʵš

˵ʲô·ĽӣЦˣ翴ƿԣŵǶӰˣ˼ƾ٣񲻹ǸˡָһӾǸˣ

⻰һ˶վۺ첱Ӵ֡

硭绹Ҫ˵æϹæӳ嵽ſڣһſ𾪵ؿȫյģİ磬ɵˡ

һͣعͷˡ




86.  ڰʮ   ܣܹ𡭡

ɫҰ׵ؿͬɫҰ׵ӳ塣
ʵ, ӳԴ彫ŵʬһֱܼ尾ŵȥجΣ޵˯, ʳ, ޲ߡΪ˰ĿеĹ, ӳһֱֵõġʵȴ˵ķ, ô, ڰоȻֻǸĴ

硭ӳ岻Ըʵؿڴſ߽ŲЩġִ̫̫ʮֵģ˦ȥû㱻ӳƲ˫ĿͨؿŰ, ԼΪô࣬Ϊΰ㲻֪м

Ϊ, ô࣬Ϊ㡣

缤ŭ֮½ĻѿڶʱջѾˡ
űӳ岢ûͬ飬ԼҪѱȥںˣοӳоǸϱ˶Žӵͷһֱ֮ǰֻǸˣ
粻ԼΪ׵, Ͼһƾʲôֵۣ

ľ, ҲСӳ嶼ҧǹԮˡ

Ȼֹ
ȥֱӳ۾ƫͷίؿʤĿģǱּһ˸Ƽ˲ſڲԡ

ӳ˽ڣǲǱ㣿ǱԲԣ

Ҳ˵ֻҧ´ؿϵѲԱ壬ڵϻ廨˶¹ڳǴֻǸŮӡ
氲Һý, ӳԼס

䲻Ķּ˶Ŀִ࣬˽Ŀѣ㵽ڸʲôô㣬ѵ𣡡

̫̫ѾסĸĻݵشӳȴһᶨؽڵϵİ粻ˣ˵ȻǱô˽֮ʢŭ֮ǨŭҲӦġ

㣡̫̫ûһϲǴ㻹˿ӳ壬˼˵Ǵ˵ͶѪ¶֣𣡣

ӳŰ־ҵزţֻǲšԸԼôȥһɵˣԸţԼľǰԵǸ޴ĶˡԸŰǶˣΪ壡

ĸӲþͻȥЪϢɡӳ岻ҿ̫̫۾ƲѾôίǲӦ侮ʯʲôҲõ·Ҹһ˵

⻰û˵꣬ͼʹӻе̫̫һǰһϡ

һȥֵĻ˲ѻȸ

ӳתͷ˲ף߸ߵŴûжֵ̫̫Ѫ۾һ޵ص̫̫ûĹûСѾ޶ۣ壡˽ֻüԼںˣ˵

о仰˵ˣ̫̫˿ľһձһѹ޴ô

һ䣬̫̫תߡ

ִ˿̫̫뿪ıӰתͷٿɵ۵ӳİ磬˵һ˹ȵסּȻгӵȴֻӳһ̫̫һһŮ̫ү˵ճãĺӡ̫үڣּûзּҡһﶼסһȲ˵С̫үƫ壬˵ճֶүһңҲһŮġ

̫̫ƫԳö۰ӳܳ谮Ϊ̫ү̫̫ƫ˶ٺôִ̫̫̫̫ԶȥıӰжĻţ

㣡

ִ˹˲ӳ壬׷̫̫ıӰͰ̫̫̫̫ĪСӾǱѾͷһʱסϣǹⶥײ

Ȼ׷ͱ̫̫ź˸ס

ִ̫̫ҪʹӵӷԸͲСִֻ̫̫ܺݺһۻȥһۻȥӳ廹Ű뿪ʱһɶͷ˰H˴ӵ֣ҽ

һ£ӳȥҪ˸֮УӳоʹӶ԰ĲԽԼ˵ûּˣλ˵˺ĵĻ

ò˵ⷽϣִ̫̫·̫̫ҪԶ·̫̫Ȼڸϵ֮ʱ͸˰һѵصԶӣȴһ

ûе·ָժĿ˰磺ӲһǸһ檵ݶˡһżǵСҲûг̵ȷʵƫͶЩ棬Ҳֻ·Ҹһˡ

·ɵʵɲӳֻӡܱ·̫ү߽ĵճȻǸʡԼȥоºʵ;á

·Ŀ֮¶ôһˣЩһپ˵ԭ·԰ССֻȤֵһݻġ
·̫̫Ժѵû籰ֻǿ硣ŭ뾡취ֹ԰縺𣬻·侲ͬ밲Ӵĸ׶ȰֻܳưͿ·ֻһѪĿڣ²ʲȥ

ĸף˵ˡ·ǸԼøƽϣֻҪһ뵽Ⱥǵ֮ĵı飬·;궼ˡ

·̫̫ģҲܣǰH£Ҫ·ԶġԸ̵ĽѵԶ֪ۣɥӱܵʱӲ밲ﱻôײѴȥѾڽ׶⣬ǲһƵİãƾȡԺ󶼻ᱻָժ·Һ㣬һ

·˱۾β֪ˣŻں

ԼҪȢ檺ͱȢȫͬ£ڼ̤𣺡֪ˣһһȥǣұػȥҰݻᡣ

˵ţ·һ۾Ѿͨ죺أЪϢˡ

·̫̫֪еĻ˵̫㵽ΪֹáҲûоŲţֻ·úЪϢǧ˻ľƾ١̾һƾڼϾҪȥǡǱұģĸðɡ

·ȷ֮¶Щἰ磬±Ӧˣĸ״ñǡ

仰·̫̫Ŵ·Ժӳ

һȻȷŭȡڻȸߴּҵķоɭĺ⡣ĵŮȻһӣҵſôʰɣ

߱ңԶڽԱıӪɽյһΪܹ񡱵š
ŵĽʿ˫䰲͹żûϲȡõżĵռߺţһ·ֱͨ͵ʣ۾Ѫġ

ɽϤ֣ϲͺޣүţүţ

ǶΪٴѾˣʬ֡ѽӢŵĽѾһ꣬µ֪ǵţǵĹǻţ֣ܲ

Ҳ˵ӪʿǵļɽżԺĸȥ䰲أ˵ھһϵշתԺͻȻˡ
ƾʲôܹ˵ʲôʲôΪʲôҪΪôգ˵Ȣ޵ȢҲ˵ˣѵͲеɷϣܹӵڵӣҲû˾Ͳܻ

º󣬵ڶհŵ̬Ⱦͺ̩Ȼɻһ׮ϵһӵ£ûҪôȵ˵

ŵ̬ýĵһҹܹЩʧӰôãκ˶˽˼㣬Ԥϡ

һİ󣬽ϵµǽǡ
ܹʵ±ܾҲ˱ܾ׼ӻûлָ඾δγȷʵǸˡԽܰʱܱܽˣţ˵Ļ̫ԵǰԵҲ֪

űڽʮֵľȣܹ䵭ºͣ⻹ͷһشϸܵơѵòţϳȢ㣬˶Ȣ㡣ҲΪǵȺˣμϡ

գգ۾е£ܹɿתȥ

˶٣ת׼ǰȥһͱͥԺɢԥ¸סˡſһ£⹫ڵסôգȻûأ

ôʳסʮգЩҲӵô

˵ŵϢôܹϢôԥʳЩŶĹأǶƹúܡÿʵܹ¶ǲƴڻغŪȥǽںԺɢײ¼ںԺȲ裬˵˵ġ

ŰŹһ˿ˮ΢ʵܣܹ𣿡




87.  ڰʮ   ˫һ

ſ̵ģµ˿ʶ, ˵˵һӵǼ£Ŷ˵Ϸ;ࣺʲô

ԥ̫ˣûְŵľ裺, ¶˵߶Ժܶ˶Ҫ

⻰ʲô˼üͷȻͲµܹݲһ, һֱֻΪǸԹӵܡʱ˵ģֵֹ, Ǹг𡣰ž΢һЩ, ˣѣ

ǡֻүһ۵Сٷ򳤰ˡ

, ҶӲ޶⣬Ҳ˷ҡԥǱٻصģΪ̸׵δ޼Ǻһµ, ĸ׵ļȥ߽ʮ⣬ȴӲʳûߡʵΪ̫, ҹ¡
λʵ̫үүɱҪöࡣ

Żɵؿ仰ˡ

˵ϣҲ㡣
ԥЩʳĴ߶żܹ, ˳̸䡣κλӶٴɫ, Ҳ̸ˣöԽԽү·ǳҪӵλǱؽһ׮¹ش߾İΣĴ¡

ԲûиˣĶ˼ǡǱ߾Ľʿ

ǡλʮҪһλ

˵һȥ

ôٶ۵ˡĳ̶ֳϣſϻĳɫͳͳЩⲿͽʿһϵŵԺһˡ

ӣٴ

ڷҴʱĳز, ŲġȻƤ뷽Ҹľ״̬ǴĲӱҲû롣º˵ǷϺӻĽҰⱳģǷˣҲû⡣
һ룬жߡ
ȵȣǴжߣδڹõһ棬͸˵Լ֡ܣٴֹʱû֮˳ϦദŸûܹС˵Ѿ˵˲ź£

˲ɴ۾һԼ𾪡˼һ˵ôףȻû뵽

˿ڿˮŸϽϵ顣ԥ¹ӵһҲͻ˶˵ƾ飬ûôúŪ
˵ٴٴȻԭˣǱȻԭ򡣰Ųѫڲ˾ȴһ֮ڱ߽Ұýֺͷ붼֪Ȼè塣ǰװģƭй¶ʲôˣָҪ¡

ǺˣŵĿⲻɫӵشǰ֮ˡ

ԥһģ˿ͷڣӳҲǲӡ

ԥ¡

ԥ¼ɫɶʵѾ˲²⡣û϶ĻʵڲԶ϶֪үսɳʿǵ춼ˣ°Ҫˣ˽ݴʷҵӣҲλһԱСĳЩ˽¸մӱ߾·

˵ôֱףŵҲûȷʵܣܹ񡣡

Ҿ֪ǵġ϶ԥһʱ۾Щ죬еỨ֣Ҿ֪үûôսҾ֪

˵ţ˲ϰŻתЩŲĵܿ

磬ʳʮյԥ´ҴҾͽ뿪
֮ǰҰţԴǿеغúչܹ񣺡ү࣬δΣлǾүһغúչүĳм

ĿԶͷ۶¥鷿ķгġ
²ݲһȷңɼȫһġٴͻȻ֪Ժ̬ȥС˵̳ˣʹʹȥĹˡûסһԼͷҪ侲һ¡

ʱת۾͹գۼ䵽˰·ݡ

ܹæ鷿һǰաżҲţһȥһաżɫأֲ֪Ӻδ

ʳΪȺƳ磬Խĺ𡣵⼸յ˼ȫΪܹռݣû̫˼ճܹʵҲ˰ŵıŤոĲ´ߣܶؽʱûа취Ž

Īؽסˣһһ˳ʳǰűơ

ޱŸҩվʳã˫èƵԧ۶ǽŵĻųʱѾߣܹһֻˡ

ŽߵĻȥϢ

ָòϲĲֻҽźƣදһӣǿʣǱȻġٳһµҩͿԽгζˡ

ʡǵ䰲Ҫһհ·̣һ˾ǿܹĻָãɫҲÿ١ɿ̧ܹһ۰ţѾͷϷǧϹδķϣǲǸЩ

űڵ˵һſھ͸˵һ⡣հŶܹδ鲢⣬ȴԼռ˵顣
̲סƳһܹȴЦеӦ¡δ򡯵ĳƺţ鷳ൣˡ

ţ

ֺò˶һݣͷ°̬ЩָʹǸʲô⣬С⣬ʲô㡣Ҳߣ⼸ɵúúд

Ͼϣų̫Сŵ᲻ãһ¡

ǲ㵣ģֻзִ硣

ͷվסʳ˾סڶ¥¼Աߡ˵үӵ䰲ػǴһҽϹβġֻûҵˣڰѧ˳ԣʳ֢㲻ҩ

ͷǵȴȺ͵ӣ޴¥͸үϡ

үûϳޣߵ½һۿ޸ϳæס׼ȥޣүӲǰʣ¿޴򣿡

ү߽Ѱҽ֮ǰ½Ѿ޺һʱաȻ֪λƢŹֵҽһ˫ڳ˵ͫ걳һɫҩ䣬߸һʮҩͯǰ˴Ȼ졣

ǡã̬ȿϺͰ

ǾʿЩΪг屧һֱµ䡣˵ţ½æүȻүܳ˯Ͼʳ֢ݱ˺üꡣҽҲУڴ֪ɷ游Ÿ

үͻȻüͷһţһվֱӡүԪϵλã񹦳˻ʥϰȻͲǸƢͷˡú˵ʱ̬Ȼ崺硣 

Ťͷ´үӣʱ򿴲һСһȻүȻݣ˫Ŀü֮һˬһûдġ

̫żƿţʵڲģٸŸ

˵գӾ͹š

¼ŽյţһۣүźӾЦҵָò

½̾˿˵ãûпţҩ

ɲǣָҩҲûķЧáүԼԼ֪˵ףžһһźӣүҡҡλε¥þԺȥ˯Щһ˯ʱҲ֪ʲôóԵġ

һǰһõ˺Ժ⡣ֲȫͬͨҳĺˡõ÷廨гָڵĺȡ

æʲôүеòǳ¶ģ⣿

ͷԡƳһ۰һϴ˵ܹ񣬵ͷš

úúãүԭǴӲġԴϰţÿձ˿ųһȣǸߵסһ⣬˵ʲôҪյ㣬յ㡣պعһЩƺ÷ƣŮӺãá

һ½ű߾ЦĿ䵽̻ͷæµϸӰϣƲסˮ游ãĸһ¶еľԸó

ȥȥȥʲô졣үúܣŰϲһ㡣

Űһ̨ۣͷһȻƵĶ

ʵѾǰ糤ҹ̣ڵܹӽ߳ĬĬϴõĲõֱߵʲôҲû˵½ǵЦݾĬĬصˡ

үƵģȲҲܡʱ˭ûһˣС۸ڶݵĹѡһһϣڡ
ţֿһܹСҲǸ۸ڶġ˵ھù֮ͣҲϵ֮겻˵סСӱȽ廹󣬺լյѾͷûСã·͵˿ͬһȥɣ

ſɲ֪ڳ˵˼ķңŲˣ̬ƽ
ܹʲôݣվǰ˾˵±ʲôҪҹҪߣҲԺ顣

һ룬űŤ˼յ˼ɿˣǽͷȻֱ

ͬʱĽǣȴһϦ֮ü尾
֮͵ݱΣּҵİ꣬ǶԺȹġԭΪѾĪļ尾˭֪尾Ļں档

ԴƸ۸·췹鱻ͱƣһ١һСȴڳӰ֮µŮһ֮һֻװģ˽¹Ū˼¼ɫ·еĺö٣ͻȻ֮һǴˡ

ּԭֻĮʼѿ

ּظ±ָʹԺɨʹӶԵáһҲüӴ㣬ҲòҪĲɫָǰ㷽ˣСŸзӱһٷȥи˶

ͻȻ֮ԮϢݲȥżûžͻᱻ͵ִ̫̫ϡһִ̫̫дʲô͸¶ѶϢᱻѵ

Ӷûܹ裬ϱӱҲһ˲顣ʱ޿ײ裬ֻ͡ԼҪϢˣλߡ
ñǣ·Ǳ߳ûϢˡ֮··ˡûԤϵǰȢһõĿŶûСΪĸ׳нļƲߣȫûаƻߡʵ䷴·׿

·Ͽƾٱµ˼գߵһ죬·Ϣˡ

·ˣҲ·ҵĳֻ·Ҵ̫̫ߵһӹ̬ȿɼǸּҵʹһģվǰûһ¡ֺؿֻ·ҿڰɵԸһ檵ݡ檶ǣֻһ檶ѡ

֪֪жϱӼ޸ٳǺôǸޣٳǸӣҲܼˡܼҵܸһ˱ȣܼҵӱƷٶݡΪܼӵޣҲǱ˾ŵġⱲıʮ꣬ò׾ӪĺҲõ˰ҳ۰ֻǸ·ô

ܽܣƾʲô·ԺٷɻڴҲǸ˰ˡ

һûйľˣ檣Ǹ檡·ƾʲôõ·ν񡮡˫ĿѪ죺·ңǾͱƣ

µ񣬰úܡ·Ҹô£·ôĬġ·Ĭ·˲ŸҲһʹӶҼ̤ϡȻˣҲظ·档˵··澡ʧ

·ȴʼأ

ͲǸʡ͵ĵơ·ҸҰʯ·汳ҲǸ²СּҿŲߣȥŰңȴҲɱ·˵ĵҹʹһѲسӳԺ

ּ¿Ű磬ȴҲƬ̲Ķš

ҹʹӶЪˣһ·滨س嵽ӳԺӡ˵ʹӵ̬ȴ˵⣬ӳ԰άӳԺӵʹӲҲţҲûȥͣؾȥݻˡ

ӳ绰Ҳû˵ﻹݵؿһȻһͻ赹С

µӳ԰ѾӲͷƤƫƫˡħҲãҲգᶨԼûˡҪֵػŰ硣Ҳ˵ҹȥӳԺӱ˷ִָ֪̫̫˵ּҼլô󣬵ִ̫̫ŭشӴϵӳѾ˳˰˼дŸ˳ȥ

ִ̫̫ͷĿѣ㵱ȥ㵽ûӣ

ͳȥдʲôѵ벻ִܻ޲ƿڴһҵ꣬ŵסʱҪôҽô̫̫ɽΪԼĸ嶼𣡡

ӳĿһͣȴŲӲϣŵ£⡣

⣡֪ⲻΪִ̫̫һλǰ˻ǲӣһųιôһȥͱˣ׷׷㶼ᶯһҪǱ˹ҰԴš㵱ߣ

һСܸ˭ôĳָⰲǸϴ澵ɵģִ̫̫񶾵˼㻹壬ǵҿĸһû

ӳ˫Ŀŭ˲ѪҲ˵ң

ִ̫̫һ֪Լ˵ˡ

µٹ˼ǵʲôӶ챻꾫Գɵˣ

ԼҲܣʲôϵžʲôϵѵһŮ˵Ļмģִ̫̫ǿģ˵ųµһ᣿˵һ˻ûУôͲ֪أ

ӳѾֹסزˣΨһֵĶҡҡ׹˫ĿѪӲŵңŵĹϵֻҿġ˵ĸף֪žأ

ǿĲ䣬䣺ҾûǸʬ̼̫̫ġ

һ䣬װİһƲסۡ




88.  ڰʮ   ˣǳװɡ

ӳĻִ̫̫˵ඥ, ǻŭ˲סɲĿ⿴ǰˡ

㣬⻰ʲô˼˺Ͱû, ĳǴ󷿽ԵǽȻͬ档ϾΪŮױõ, ǻѹһһӡ

ӳҲɵ, ôҲּҪ÷ҪꡣŮɫЩ಻, ȴڱҲֲ
彫ŵĹ餴, ڵ̬Ⱦͺ̫̫֡ҪΪİݣֹסҪûйΪҪֹ̫̫ף˵, Űô׾ˡѾͷҲһòһ¥˹ݲŮƤࣿ䵽̻֮ҲϵȻɫ, ָҡǮôҲ״

ĸףӳ뵽Լɳȥ˴Ļּŵεģҵ˻Ǳ߲, 黹ûж, Ӧûû

棿

ӳʵҲȷⲻļ֡

ִ̫̫״˼ʱͻ˻֣˶˳ȥԼڴߵ¡

Ȳ˵ӳյһ
ʵǾ߹ײǲǰţֻҪҧ˲ǰšǰžûϾЩû׷׷ݣҲûۿŵʬ塣, ľҲǷġͷɵǹԼ˵ô϶

ֻҪҵ˿ָûǳͲرһñΪ˰ǸŮкѪ׵

ţƳһ۴װİ磺㻤ˣ

ӳһ첻˵

ЩΪﲻ˵
ִ̫̫ԼǸݰ·Щ꣬ȻӵڶҲʵѧģбȰ翡ΡСŮ˲֪١ϲһ֣ҲǲܸҡΪһ֮ͥ¶ʧ׵Ůֵزľֵô

ִ̫̫Ъ˹ӳ廹ӲͷƤԿ̬ȣƽ͵̸ӳɫһһذ

һִ̫̫Ķ棬㿡ݵΪʱձĥݵðȥϵ¹ţͷɢήҡԴ޾ɵţ촽˲ʲôҲû˵

֪ĪĸԼִ֣̫̫βأ
ӳ⸱ģͺˡһСûԹͷүƢȻǰջԳã֪׶ˡ֪ҲԸϣӲͷƤӲΪһҪȥ·檵Ůӣ󷿵桢游ĸƫԼǰ̶Ҫ𣿡

ӳ첻˵

㻤ѵǲѾ·Ȣޣִ̫̫һ죬ʵ

ôܣӳȻϡ

ѿڶķִ̫̫۾Ȼ͵ĸ˵İûסžһ˴ϡ

ͻأöŵĸȥ۾

ɣʱ˻װģִ̫̫Ц

ɫƲסط࣬ʱҲܳϡɲǼ䣬۾ˡҡҷ˫Ŀ⡣һͷںڵͷ˳ĵƴС÷·ѩò˵ȷʵһƤҡ
۲תһһεҵϣ±һƬˮۡ޵ϢҼģŮӿ˶ۡ

ĸҲ㣬һģϾ⸱ģ޴ԩֻܴݻѪ̵ĳ΢Ůʲôʸֵñͬģ

Ⱗݵ̬һִ̫̫ˡ

粻ƽ缸ǰŭ֮¿ڲǴ뻳ȡҽҹƤʩԮ֣Ҳ·̫·£ȴҪһŮӳеһֻ֮һǷꡣ̫棬·ܣֲ˭Ϊֵ̫ˡ
˵ţĵ²ȣľҪˤ

磡ӳһ˲վ

ֻǻû±㱻ӳۼֿסס·һ˲̣˳˽ӳĻﺿޡ

ִ̫̫״ûѱӸᣬո˵ףһУ

Ͼ·Ҵ̫̫κγ϶ܳסִ̫̫ⲻϳԿıƢһɾͻðɡ·²豭ͳȥ硣

ӳ屾ڰգǶϰ̲ס֮£ǹɸѹȥϧðԼĸʢ˵̬ԽǡŻﱻִ̫̫ͷҵϸŮӣŭˣĸףʿɶֹɣѾί㻹Ҫѵǵžý

ִ̫̫ŭһŪЩ£ؿ

ӳӱܵض㿪ߣŰش齣Ǹʲô·һӣǵûǵȴһŮΣ˵׻·ǸòȻļһϣֺοΪһС

ΪһС

ӳ岻˵ˣִ̫̫ĸ첲ǿӲطͷ

ֲִ̫̫ͳԺӡ

ĸӶվǰԺӳԼˣŵ϶Σұض鵽סĸ۶ӣȥ̫̫Ǳ飬˵˵

ûӾͲˣҲҪһȡӳվ̨ϣּһָġ

һ䣬תԺӡ

ӳʹǸؿ˿ִ̫̫ԥزҹšִ̫̫ŶӵıӰһôͽĶԳ

ȻףӳĻˡûǴ󷿲Ųᱳôļּҵճ粻ˡԭȻ˼հҶôҪĶӣǾͲܹĺݣ

ִ̫̫Ҳίߣȥ̫̫˵˰ſû¡ۿ̫̫ɫɶſھҪȥ·ҡ

ؾǲܣǰȥ··ҿܣȫû⡣·ɱзöࡣ··̫̫ӣִ̫̫˭Щ꾭Ҳǲ֪·ҵ¶·ʮ˻û˵ףһ۹ߣ˭Ҳϡ·̫̫д㣬Ｘ÷ı׶ء

·ڶҲأȥڵñּһ·̫̫ýŮ޹ϼף缸Ͱ˼ҹӵԽ
粻бԻôҪ͵·Ҵ̫̫£ʲô

ִ̫̫˵ɾ͸ɣӳ³ȥ˾ͳȥӳԺİĵȥ·ҡһ˿涼ֱּҴסζ޵·ȥּҲǵȳֺõ¶ɴ˳⡣ϾҲѪס

⻰һųȥҲ˵Ѿõѩϼ˪šǵķ˹ᵽǱġ˵ߵ壬ЩһûһǺġ

ǵһ־Ǻü£ɸЩе÷ŵĹǺöЦԶڽ䰲صİţڸͷһԺ󣬵׼ţҪζ

˼գĥһҩķձˡһζһ¹ȥգѾǰµס

ʱգܹϸ޵ҽ壬ҩȹ̡״Ѿһͨ룬żȻһʪҲûٷȺȻûаγѾǸ޴Ľ˵һ˶ܸˣܹԼҲۿɼľ

µ׺ûôȡ峿һ绹̣ſжˡ

˵Դӷҿʼ̣ϰ߾һֱ
үʹ˾٣һͺںԺ¼һŰźȣ½Ȳ˵үӺ˼һղ̶òϰߡ˻ںԺһûһ˵ŻСһſڰŵȱߴ˯

Ÿ׼תǰǱ߶˳ظϹң޴ˡ

Ķһϲ

أɻˣ

ʱգܹ֪æʲôȥԽԽࡣʱûͲ˵ŻҲǸɣһŶһȥڻ֪ûУ

ˣ糿ȥ̫磬ﲹߡ

ʵҲź˵ģǾĪܹܹЪϢʱǲȥģһѱҪ˯ŵСӣЦңѾ޴õ¥᷿ϴ˵Ĵæм

⻰˼ףҪŸóԵġ

̲סһЦȻͷƢЩҽáˣƢǿܵġ̨ϻӣҲЩŰඹȣãȥ̨ϵİȡһЩ͹ȥȥ

ȽСȥ˯תҪߡүӺסˣŰϷûء

ȱųԣһһ߻ػȸƬҲˡһԿţɸʢһ룬š

үЦеӦˣתۿԼ۸ڶ۾ֱض˼ҹﱳӰ̲סЦһߵʯ

ЪϢϢ̧ӻ˿ſζֹһ䣺⵶춹ĵѾͷϲˣӵúܡ

½ջĿ⣬Լ游ȻĿ⣬̬ȵ̹Ȼ游Ҳúã

ҾúʲôãǸô¼ҵҫѾˣҪҹŮүʵ̫ҵĳֻҪƷŵûȥ飬ۿС꣬Ȼϲġӵ⻰үûסѧŰһۣǸ±ȵù¥ǸСô˵󵽣Ҳýء

游⻰˵ľͲˡ

½˵ǱүظͺûƢģʵҲôӵˣܹھ룬½ҲضáʱأȽϹˡ

ɲǱȽϲȽϵ⣬үĶ־Ҳϲǣӿ䵭ûôھݻŽصţĺҪȽָͱȲͺСӡ

Ǿơ½Цеģһ̬ȴڷâŻûء

ȴֲر½۾úܣС￴֪ʵǸͬ鰮Сܹ˼ҲûСؿϣֻ˵ʱҲҲ

һĿӣɶžŵʯϣүӳ԰ӻȣ

ͻأĴϣ񣺡Ȱɡ

½̧ƳһͻȻ꣬һЦӡ

ɵͷתˡ

ͬʱѾܹűߡӸŵӲţһǽվſŰ壬ã𺬺һ·𻹺˭

ңš

ԣû뵽ܹ˾Ȼ

ܹһЩɡ

գգ۾̧һšûһƾͿˡŸܹסôãǵһη˯šתһҲǣٺÿҲǸеġӳԼ˭Ҳᴳȥ

ţŵ̤ȥ谵һƬ

ǹŵģܹ˺ᣡΪ˯ߺܲ΢ǿһЩĹߺʹһĶðߣЩڹ⡣

Žȥʱܹ˻ڴšһ׼¡ֻûȥ˾ͱһָֻקסһͿؾ˴齡谵ӲܱյĿռܹ϶صϢűûߣµһѹס

һ̲סܹ߳񣡡

ţɤﻹŸѵɳƣܹ񻺻һѵˮǾ䵽üģţˣǾͳװɡ




89.  ڰʮ   ǲ㹤Ǯģ

˵㰡ĺ
ĵʾⱲӲȢ޵, ׵ҲƷ̸ȴû˵ܾĻ˵ףһ˳һԻĸ, о, Ӿ, Ҳദĵε

ԼǸ, űѹԼϵ˸ƿ¶˵, ޴Ѿˣ˹ڴǱߵأ

䣬ŵܹ˫ϵһ, һ˫۾ĳ档
ǵĮ, ٴ󱯻ϲʱȴظܵĸˡҲ̲ס֮ʱŵǸ⧲˹һѽ˻ѩϢ˲Χ˰ţŵİŶе£ţеĹˣ

Ŭѹ̵ǣЦٹĹҲҷſ

ܹȴûǰ㵽Ϊֹɿͷ, Դڰŵľѡ˿ͷ˳Ķ, ȵĺһһµ°ϣġоİСܹ̲סЦ

һӺԺ˳ޡŻΪʱ磬⣬ҲؽЩ񣬡ţʮָм

Сһ, ̾˿ˡ

ĪܹĴϱ˺һ˭Ҳ˵ڱ֣ŲŶһͷҵͷ´ŵʰͷĸʲôƵɫȵĥ䣡ȳȥˡ

ܹĶӵıӰЦһԽЦǰδеʣ͸ˮ

ŷĶӿ˽ŲȥߵſھײԺȲ½塣¹Դӵһո游жٲȻүӽʳԺԼͥԺϰѧ˸ʮʮʱ԰ţ΢΢Ǳһ崺Ц

ȴûѣͷȵһ߳ȥ

һܹ˳ѣſųȻҲʯԵ½塣һӣǵЦ㵭

δɻ̬δⲻ

̧ܹĽһ٣ŤͷŶǲ֪кθ߼

Ǹù½±յվһ׹䳤ӳĵƤ࣬˲¡ܹ룬һ߲ʵĽࡣ½񣬴˽崺硣˶ϲŭɫӣ˵ĸоȴر𣬡ӣǣ˿٣ĹܣýŸǣȥ

޹ءܹѻƵ۽޴еķâ

Ȼйء½建߹ĵļϣ·üҲ÷ŮӺϡ

ܹؿһۣתȥ

½ĿıӰԶǻش

ߣͷѾȣһӣһ̲ȥԲĶӣŵÿӱϾͰϰϵؽлؿҽ˵õĴѾղǵɬȫԺǲףִҽһúݣôͷͲ֪

ûɽˮ޴ʵǳŵܣԼԼ˼뻹ܣѵŤͷʰţһ

ʳȷʵɽ髣ɹɵɽƬóȥǰżʳⱸŸԼˮȵġʱʵܣֻûȥ
תͷܹ߹˲˲䣬ܹ˳ֽ䵽޽ûȥͷ𵽶ˡűͻȻĶŪһ㶣عѾ޵ǰգգ۾ǳٶۣȻظоܹǰ̬ȵľ޴ת䡣

ǡ᲻ô



ζô򵥵ġ

Ȼ˵ƮƮʵҪҩʮ־׼ʵϣܹ岻жô򵥣ϸ޲Ÿ׼ĶӦǴӺǰΣϵطҩġǵ֮ʱ˼ʱʩζӦˡ
ԭЦǴҽλ˶ûȫθɾʵҲʵĶܹۡ⣬Ǹ򵱳ضǾŬ

ڷҩҲ£Ҫҩԡġ

Ȼ඾࣬ҪγɾҪһ̣бԿšҩҲȥУŪһ㣬ܹ˵ǺˡǽʡԼҵ鰲źòſճ˵ģѼҩҲ˲ٹ˵⻹޸ͬϰߡ־ˣֵĲβҪõҩĶƣ֮֡
ܹ³Եҩĥģҩķ״СȫҪʮֿ̡

ҲǿĥҩһϰߣҲǺת̬˳ԭΪһ˵Ĵͷʮֵľҵ

ҩԡӰºʼġҲ˵ЩģܹԺֱԵҩѾˣŸ׼¯ӣԼ󡣡

Ȼû⣬ܹͷιԺĺ˵ôԺֵ߳öЩеˡϸ룬˵ͻȻ֮ת˸ƽ̹ĵ·ߣڷҩɻҪԣʣһպյġ

ԡ޳ŵʵܲˣɴվߣڷҩԡģһ١

øܣ˻ƵĹ̲̫ܡҩԡȻãҩζţƤոСݣζڿˮһûǸֲһҩԡݵľ˻Ƥ˻ƤϸƤġָͿƤæǰæƤˣ˼ҾͲҪˡ

⻰ʹͷ۹̼ˣܹȴĿڿһ¡

ȻϣܹԼҲԼǿһźְŵϲ䵽ԭһ˲粻ֲܿᡣƽȻһЩ£ʵչ

ǿбƤõҩܹæ׷ˡ

޲ⲻɫСӾȻ⣬㶣ЦǿԷ

ţȷʵǡ

޴Цĵϥžž졣

ŹʱЦЦֱáȻҽ¾ҵŻ̲ס̭䡣žһɽˮĸǰͷĨֹסЦģϷеǷ㱣ס㱣סÿЩ

˵ţ̧бۿİţСѾͷҪɣҲܸŪһݡ

ţе˵ʲô

еû˵ʲôԶڸ·ϵ·ԼײˡԴ뿪껻ˮ·ߣһϴľͻȻ䱻ʲôһ޵Ρκ棬ŵģʮ꿪ʼһһգݶܴ

·ԼǲǴʲôɻ䣬߱ʲôɾĶϡȻΪ˾ͷ·߾һ־ʼ

Լһ˵̬ʮԼʮİţڽҵͻҳǣʶűʱɣתͷͱӿڿڳزñҹƤȡЦӵܵĳΪСݸһ֦һ

ϣСƤżг˽ԹһСȥۺϡΪժһçײ֮ˮպñںߵ˾ʹ˶顣

ʮİٴּͣһĵ󣬵ƤСΪ͵͵һȥ̤ðշǽӸǽõ䵽һЦֵĻͺķһÿһϸڶãʵЩֲʵξ

һǳأһûʢ·ԼײϲɾĶˣл˵İţܾΡ

ʵϣڿʼ֮ǰ·ûΪŵι֪Ÿִ𣬵һֱ϶͵ʴףܡξĽİţſʼ˼Լ԰ŵǲ̫ĮЩ

ӣź·̴ȻУҹҹȻ·޲ߡϾҪƾˣ˯ʵǶаӲʣƣ

ҲӲʣ˾ЩʵҲûҹΣҲجΡ

ˣȴš

·ڰ֣´¸ǳأϴɡ

ˮ·Ȼʤڱִһǳ鬳ǣպǸ̴ǡؿѰھԶһ˵ǰйеعŻġ·ξԵʵĻţĵʹȥˡ

鬳ǵһΪ£һΪ̴£һС¡˵ŻС¡·´ֱС¡

ҲǸɣһոպøꡣ

鬳һԣԶɽ֮ոϴ꣬СµĻָ㡣·ŰɵɽȴۼһˡžǮСǰľСɳֱȥڵСµ˿մʦ

ʱڵ޴ķׯϡ֮£һ㰸ϹŹϹơϺڲϣ۾о
˿մʦһصɮۣüĿҪƤ࣬üĿ¸صĴʦ޵ĿɮҲ棬ϴķ׵ɮܹۡ߷ϷڵĻȻһϳζһɮǵʱС˿մʦ

˿մʦֻƳһ·̾һ

·սŽɣͻȻһ̾ϢŪʦΪ̾

ƣһɷһħ

˿մʦһ仰˵·ɫѿ̴Ӵ߹˿մʦǰ£˫ĿϬضУ⣿

ʦûбŵֻ̧ƽؿʲôı˵ʲô

һ䣬·ɫѾֻѿԼЩסеĻָȴûһŮӰˣô룬һԺŮˡ·߶߶ģʱЩֻ֪ԼǲײɾĶˣʦۣ֪ܷһ´ʱţ

ʩ뽲

·ǽԼξ˵ֻξɻ

˭֪˿մʦ겢ûжྪȣֻǶ·ãĸʩѡĪͷִԲ򣬽ǿ

ʲôش·̫⣬ʣ˿մʦЦ

ɽһˣξûнһɻ󡣻صϣøϷ޽еĴ뵽ϡ·ôǿ彡ûһë˼ǿ˯ãҲֻǸһҩҩֶްٺΪá

֮ǰҽһ䣬˴

·ҹͺһ밲˯£ȻһҹΡ

ȻܳãһͣȰξֻɳںȰľǸĴ·ǰήҲ޷ѵή಻ԣڻһǳص·ѡŹһյơΪƽϢͻȻҲãԼҹ˯ðЩҲգԺԼڲˡ

״̬һֱ·̤㰲ҸۡδİҸլڲһģһû˴ҵﰲסСԺԺȫ̱
˺£Ҳᡣ˵·ǣܹҲڿʼһΰζ

ζĵգʳһİˡģӵȺﶼҲɢź˵Ϣ

һʧˣʧڱ߽߱ǽǡ

һڿˮ̲סͰܹļ򣺡ô

ܹԡͰУѵøɸɾ˵ðڳ޴Ҫ󣬱ڳܹͻȻȥⷴӦûüΣ粽ضšܹǵȲ˿...ľǿӣöţֻܰ
Ҳ˵Ϊ˷˶ٰۣ˵ʱֻܹûƤ˿ţ̵ۡͷĺˮһһɫѾɷֽʲô

֣еĻŻ˸ͨ׶Ľ͡

ܹʵѾ۵ò̫侲ˣȴȵģǰɣܼҵ˽

Ŷݶ𣿰ű˱죬ǡ

ʳġܹһЦЦаʱգǶĴҰ׬Ǯͺˡ

Ŷ˶٣۵ǲ㹤Ǯģİɡ




90.  ھʮ   ˫һ

һΰζ, ܹͱ̵õһƤ
ǿͷϵƤ֣еܿƤѣʺѪɫ㼫, ƽһ඼ʮۡƬƬسѪ, ƤѵģίʵҡŶǲҩԡԵĳɷ, ëϸѪܲ¶˲״

һʱ, ܹԡͰгʱѾʧȥʶæȥ, ˲ϴʱܹǻ.㡣ۿͲûһƤᶼҪ

գȻʶ˻

Ҳ, ܱۺá

ܹԷҩԡġΪ˷տ÷Ϻ˸ںִҽԺֵļӹʱϴĸɾͰڷڴ, պܵӡ

ʵϣݣѹʵǼܴܺ
ϰ䣬֮޳ʹһ࣬ԭȵȴǡʱռֶӽʵʱڰŵļϳþһʱֻаһ, ˴ֶûڡҧ, ˷ȥʱԼһԵȥ

ˤ֮ʼʱסȻܹҵģܸҡ

֪ѵؿԼƤѣڹ̵ҩԡежۣܹ˵׵ǶӲ죬ݳûһȴأԵûסƺһ

ŸϽסƤ䵽ϱ˺Ѫǽܹܿա

һ, һ̣Ĩҩͺˡ֪ҩԡƤȴû뵽ô
˸Ӹסӹ̨ͷĸҩСظͿĨҩһɵζŻˬҪڵܹе̼һܹͶһ£ŪðŶ֣ȥͺˡ

Եܹʵֻʶŵķ

ſɲմ£Ӵֲڵúܡһ¾͵˺һƤһֻֽϰܿľϣüţһֵַֻѾţ֮ŸȫĨҩࡣ

ɺò׽ҩͿã״ҲȥҩʪģͿġȥƻճ𤣬ָҪûӣֻô

ҩٷ޲֪ʱˡ

æһ̧һͷ֪һԿˡʱ˫ֱأյģ·һֵˡ

ˣ˵ѾͷôƤ

Լ๫Լչ˲Ӧõģͷһ˫èƵͫţ㲻ΪԼԹ˹̤żһ߹һ߻ָ˵ϸ첲ȶϸ־ָ͸Ƥ˺ˡ



ҸҩҲùЧͷ˵ŻľͰһȦһƹ
ߵ齵ԶطվҲûпŲܹɨȻܹʱ˺ۣûгѪƤǰɡò˵СӵĹĺãΪһ򣬾ûмܹ񻹺ÿˡ
ԵڹǲƤ⻰˵һû

һأԵͷУҩǿԵġСӣӿ԰ͦ졣ŰҩĨĨƤָܻտŰɡ

һ䣬ޱҲûԹԵתˡ

ſıӰ˵ˣôڴߣܹ񡣵˺һϵҩ඼͸˲Ż˸ȥͿҩ࣬۵ĻֻۡС֮еܹûסƺ߳ȰŽƽɵطȥĺʹ

ԣһĶͷƺЩȡ

ߵű߻ûԶͷһԴģҲҩɢ

ͷҲ֪еĻô˾Ȼۻ۾Žʰһŵط´׼ȥҰҰֹһĪĻ˰ģúþĿҪкӣƵǸ

ĿһȻͷֹá

Ѿ÷ˡ

ͷʼ磬һ䣺һ㣬˱˸ιһҩȥҩѾƳӣʱˮҩҹʩ롣

ʡˡ



ҹʩĳͱҩԡҪöࡣǴ򣬶ܹ˵µһĥʩʱҲԱ߿ţܹƲסĲʵۣûʲôֹʹɢģȻһҲǺõġ

ֹʹɢ޻ǵһ˵Ȼһ˵˼廹ܶģɢСǶܸСáҩö˻ҩԣӲ

ֻܸţ

Ȼأ˵ţһۻֱܹ񣬡СӹͷӲء

ܹʵѪɫֹסصɫʮֵǵģ΢΢˹ǣţССʹһܵġ

ѾͷҪǳȥűߵţ⻹¶
Ȼϲ٩ˣʩ¶áܹ⣬ʩ͸СġһСѨɵĺɴСðŵ˵ⳳ֣С㵣ҰᣬɴѰŸϳȥȻһЩƤ֮࣬θӦûġİȥŪЩʳ

ԥ£ԼȷʵﲻæɴȥŪʳ

һѵḶ́޵˵Ҫܿ࣬һ˿ܳŲסЩǰ㲻ٵġ

ܹһΰζ죬ҧ˲Ŀһξͳɹģ޵˵ٵðꡣ˵һһΡȻǺܹ彥ָܾĥһҲǿԵġ

ЩܹԼѡޱ˵ĽһһΡ



ڰζ֮ǰǲ뿪䰲صġ

¶֮⻹ǵһүʽܹ̹ס

ʳôãϸسǡÿ￴ʲôûʵһû¡ʵܹݣʬҰҲһܼڲܹΪγµԵɻǵñ泯͢
صż֮ǰȥǣʵҲǵȳ͢Ļ

ܹȻ˽µĶԴû

һҪȥġܼҵһж˵ǼȴҲʱԭܹЩûȥͬˡȻҪȢţȻҪΪ˵δǡ˵Ϊһˣܲһֱŵշ֮£ܸʱδļҡ

ȥǱȻģֻĿǰʱ

Ϸ֪үһźһοؿǰˣȻһ˫۾絶С⼸գܹһ½嶼ò˵𺳵ͬʱҲʮ̳̣֮͡ȻǸԼ֮ˡ

ҰڴӡǵĻ̫ϣеʱ䡣

ܹһȷʵҪߣȴİӣʱ뿪ӣźͷϷ޿ҪүӶշ

⻰˵ģϷշԼͲշˣܼҿɱ¼ʵ

һշһݱϡܹ۵Цţͷ亹ȴֹס£˵뾩̫Զܼҵ㸲ǵԶżҲ޳Īݾڽٽ磬үϲŵĲˣסЩʱҲǲµġ

Ͳ¼ҵĵ㲻ڣŷģүʱʱȴڵĶûǿ١

⻰һɸܹҭס˶٣ƤЦⲻЦͿ¹Ƿˡ

үӿģ̲סЦǿ˵׼

ۿɫһ䣬үƨˡ

ܹ񣺡

ת۰·ݾ͹ȥˡûôȣҹȴЩġ
ڵžžز̣Ľæܹ飬ûз̫˼ϡͶʮܸɣȵذʳ

سǵˮƽǿ˼ֹȺѧӵµĽسǵĸ̺͹ٻ֮ңԼһЩʱ¹ӵĵذա

ϸ֮£ȻһٶʮĽһϰǮ

ţĶôһسǶô׬ǮˣҪȥʡǡǣҪ׬νԴٲռݣƶ֮ķ⽨ô

ŵ̲÷ɿ죬һԶɼ˶ڡҪ⼸æȻżˣʱǡƽͷСͽܸŰѧ˼£ͻͽٲȻʳĵڶơŲڵʱ򣬿˶ǵ

ˣڰŵҲԼĶˡ

ĲúãȻĿޣˣѧϰһʱգ

ɽʮ꣬ڱҵʳ߾¥ֻǸѧͽ˰ȫͺֻҪմ϶֮ˡ۾һ˵ֱӴλվ֮ǰһֱʦĽ̵һҪúõظŶ¡
Ȼʦ˵ûҾǸˣŶҸг·

лʶһúøɡ

ŵͷµĹǮǡҪܣȻԱⷽѣӸȥһüЦ

ˣˡЦ¸»üùǮȻǣȥЪϢɡ

˻㱨µĻʹȥЪϢˡ

³سǵģһ½ࡣպ֧֣΢һ㣬¸µĲɹҲĲࡣ׬ӻǰһ£ʳһ֣ܴһʵ̲衣سİձȰĸϲ̲裬ԴӰƹͲЯ̲ѧȦＸһһһ
ѧǴͷЩҲȡϰƳ³£춹̲裬̲裬ɵĴ£ֹ̲裬ǽһ

һٶʮһ㲻ġ

ſһٶʮӣ̲ס³ֻʳһģʵŵĸƫڻǿûѡľͲʳˡ
ҲˣȻ֧һ꣬ȴԳһ»ĳԡ

㣬ڳﱸе㳦˵ѮʱץĸˣҲóôҴǱû˿ţĥǲȰ㳦

㳦̲ţ͵š
Ҳϣӷͨϰյһ㲻ظ˼ҵ١ţָʳҪ׬Ǯĸᶼõġ

ţƳһһӣ̲סץͷ̫ˣ˵˶ͷ˲ͷ

䰲߰ŷŴղǵ֪ٴŵϢܼѾ췭ظ
ҹģϢ뾩ǣݾԺ﷢衣
ĽһأƷĴϡáȴƲסԼŭŭܣȻǼٵģܹģʬ壬ԶȥģƬҰǣضҰǿʳʬǲ棬ܻţ

һֹסزľŲ١

֪ܹʱ˶¡ռ˵ճԺܼլ̴ٴĸٴֵ˫ȣ˽˽λƳܼٴЩԺôֻҪһ룬;ñ亹ֱð

Ϣȷʵ𣿡ϻȻվ˵Ƕڶ£Ǵ԰ɣӦֻٵĴԶ԰ɣ

ȷʮ֮ġ

ݶͷŭвźľ£Ӱˡ

ᵽӰû˵ܼڲֶ׹ܼԼǰ˽ȨĴҲܼƼһ˽ȨӰһܼ˽ͷ졣ɼѡѵΪһμ̳׼ұֻۣܼҼ̳ˡ
ٴδ֮ǰӰֻķԸ¡ٴԺܼҵļ̳֮λɶĵճݼ̳УӰȻͻ˸ӡ

ǸٴӰͬͬѧͬݰ·ӰܾӰġ
ȴֲȻܼ˽ԼӡܵȣӰ̬ӰҳϡķһʱòӰһչʹٴûϢ

һƨϣԴס

ŬҪʱľѹȥ
ǸʱҾţκáϲԴеˣʾ֭֮ߣݶǴӺδõϢģ

ٴŵϢûдҲֻܼҼ֪Ļ

ڽǱߣһз紵ݶɸ봫ؾµֻʮֵİûڡܹʱͲóһʱ֮Ϊй߹⽫ʬʬҰʱ͸øЩýʮΰ˶ΣͲʬ屻˻ܻ

Ǿ˵ǣ˻֪²õ֤ʵһʱͻ

Ȼ˼ǣ㻹ӰԹȥˣӰµĸ蹷ҲһȥѵбӰֻ蹷ɱٴٴʲôˣչʮѵӣôɱˣ

˵ǲǻȷһֻٴˡ

նǲǣɱ˵

˵˻ǲǣҲȷ˲ģɱɱɱĸΪôɱֻ˵ڽһϼƵأҲ˵ڱ𴦡

ɴɱһǧҲܷŹһֻвȲ

ֻͿҲ˵ǲٴҪǣɱ˾ɱˡǣǸãԾ󻼡Ԯʱ֣ܱȵ˵úã

ѵˣٴܼҵļ̳ң

Ϳһӣվֱתٴ˳ܼҼ̳ˣʮܼ档Ϊ򵥵һ䡮Ǽ̳ˡ㣿ΪЩ϶ҾؾϿˣŲܹһֻпվķݣ

ĸף֪Īĸһ仰ֱٴķιӣ㶼ұ

ʱɲǿĵʱ¹ĸӵİΣŭʱ㻹ʲô֮ٴ˭˭ͣԼ֪ٲų͢ûҵ֮ǰϽˣһ˿նݳ




91.  ھʮһ   ˫һ

ݲʵ, ҲϿԭ֮һйܹϢСĸ״ܹȣȲѵ⡣ܹ֮جΡһᵽ־ͻȥ˷·һɽѹǰ, Զһĥ

һƬ, ֻüݵĴ

, 侲ĸ˵, ˻ֻƷ, նݳԾ󻼡

ϸҪοЦֿڡ

Ȼĸ˾ϣ¾ĸȥðɡһǰѾɱٴ, ҪȥɱһΣӦñȥ, ڽһȥ顣

Ͽɪӱܵģ·һʯͷ
ݶܹĽᣬû˱Ϊʲôγ棬ŲѵΡϴþԼٴٶϽкβԣֻǾòʡƾʲôĶӲý̵پܳɲ, ԼĺȴԽԽҡ

ȴ޷ǰ㶯ѵ, ݳΪܼҼ̳Ժľ޴ת䡣ղᷴˣֻҪ˳ıᱩŭֹĻҲȥ

̾һֻվ׮ȥãҲĪ˷ִ硣ٴǻûжЩ߶ˣڱСˡ

οҲǿοԼκ˶в㣬㰲ġ

˵һ, һ۱ݣת뿪

ݵŽŲԶȥһѿתͷ
ҹĻ˳һƬס뵽Լֻ˵ٴž˿־壬һеᡣз·һ̲ȥ²һӽϽʣĲյ򵽵ϣӦ飬źƳһЩ

ˮһȥسʳҲ졣
ʳԴ϶ҶѧƳ磬ٲȻµѧǾۼ̸һݵء¥ϵһ᷿ڱѧǰÿ綼ѧ˳Ծ̸¡ʵѧϲ¡ĲԺΪ׵ԺҲϲۡ

¡ʳҵĻʵϲֹһεܹ档ϧʱɣÿضܵԼ档㣬ܹ潥ʳһɡ¡һˣЩͽͼͺӰµ˼ңһʳ

ȺƳ磬ʳ䰲صʳ¥롣

Ǹö˺ɫĹ󶼻Ȼ

һҹľᣬջѡȽ㳦ԴӸԭ̶Ӵɺ㳦ĶûжϹȻûȥԭʵؿ˵㳦ĳ㡣㳦ΪһȻԽԽá

˵ڻѾ˺һʱˣԭ˵õ̯⽻ǵسٿһݡ᲻ºò⣬ͻǷ

˹һˡ

ȻܹٳʳٽĳҲһ׮¡
ҪʳңҪ̻ͷ黹ܶࡣԭĴȴʳʳƵĲɫȻٽɫ˵ʳԳɵķʽñҾ¥ʳˡ

ʳ׿Լ˵ķʽ۳Ҫʳ¢ϡ
õˡտտϻᵥԼϵг¢ϡ̲ձԺ̲䷽ԺĻϡ֣֣ǰؿҵͼŨīزʵһʡ

ʳΪ죬ʳĸʱǲġ

̵̯úܴ󣬽Ҫ֧šĿǰ˵ֻЩεġ
һĬĬסԼҰģȥ˼ǰ⡣Ǳڲٳ֣ʳʳĵĹӦҪҵĸˣͨ˴Ĵôʳֲˣеı׼۸գҲһȶĹ

㳦ں棬ҲһС¶һûɣȺ

ʵϣ·ŵôΪֳ˶ԭʮĴȥ֣úˣָһ׮¶ûʲôļҹ黳ΪԼӲƸͬʱһݼذյ飬Ҳʮġ

ܹڰζ֮У鰲ŲȥæȥسǵơһЩõ˻

Ȼϰſڷ֣Ҫ£ȷʵҪ֡

ԴЩǺоģںæʵҲǴ˵ġ±Ӧƹķģūʡġ

ڽؽ˸СèСƵġʱ۸ľһĺӱȲһƥһͷţҲȷʵţιιݱǡ˻ʳסжÿǡΪЩæͷͺĳ糿½Це

Щ죬½ʳЩոүӲԲȡȻö࣬ʵ˵˵ĻᲢࡣǫǫͻȻæܲ죿

ֻ밲æ

½һſݵݣЦĻʢΪĿһλǰг⵽С˹ڦͺѣҵ䡣һСΣжʮͱ˾̷Ѳźһȴ䲻ú³ݡ¼̫ۣﳼᡣȻ㰲Щū֪ɷ밲£

˵ţƳһ۰ţģǱ˾̷ջǻͨȥӦĶûġǳ£˹ٸӡġǶǹټҵ.̺õģɻһѺ֡ЩҲҵĲҵֵÿ϶ġ

ŵǻթֻǾδ̫ɡô׼ˣҪ

ǵҲġ

ţҲô
ȻǮȴǸռС˵ġ޹»½ǳæǵǿԿǣͶãŶе㻳ľġ

¼ү£ĺѡ¼ҪʲôˣҲֲġ֪ʱŹȳܹվϣӸµؿ˵ˣʳȱˣӰȥٳ־ǡǱ߲ңȥʡǵĴЩõ˻ҲС

ܹ廹ûлָճ𤣬˿ڻָ񴩵ܼ˴˿ı˿ʱڷڼϣŲŷ˾ȻǸ˾

֪ĳһͷĵĴ˾֮ɿϵϣ˼ֱǴ־С˵߳ħ֡ſɫ԰ףͷס麹ϽȥֻûȥܹѾ˸첲Ĺȿ㲻ЪϢܳʲô

Ǳʯŵ½ǽȥڵ˫Ŀضܹ۾

һŵ˯ۣһǶһۡĿӣжǱ˴˲׵ĵ⽣ӰܹסķâĿŰţƣۡ

ôˣϲŸĨҩϿ˿ڶˡ

֪

صֻǱƤϣû͸

⵹Ҳǡһ˿ȫ͸ٵ߰죬ܹԡͰʱһƤƵģָǿҲʮ¡

ƾȥ鷿һϲô
¥鷿֪ʱ飬ټĹ±С뵽ʳĪˣҲ׹ܼǼ͸֪˹ġ

ܹؿһૣ֧Ųסͷۡ

˵ԽԽСЯԶ½忴ܹ̬ڱסӶŵ̬͵͵һ䣬

үӱִԾ͵Цߵ˰ɣã

һȥ㳦ĵַѡˡ

Ӷ£Ϊ˾ͽʡ˷ѣ㳦ȻԭǱʱʦµĶͽܡͽܲ츳Ҳôϡе˵ı£ʳУָһ㳦Ů㳦ȴǴ´ġ

˵ıֵʳûðŰ׵ܸɵʦͽˡʦΪ˳ʵֱʣǽаż˴ˡڳʳĻ΢һ־ܸɡ

й飬ܻҪƹȥһۡǱõǴŮ˲࣬һʮŮˣ˼ʮ߸
ԭʮӵģһҴ壬żׯ塣ԶһĻвܺӶɣ룬šԶһĻкüӡÿϰٻ˼ңռһ벻ֹŵ㳦ҪŮϢһȥϺҶ˸Χ˸ˮйͨ

ֻΧ˼գϷϣûµˡ֪Ź뷽ӵĹϵɴȥҴŷ

Ҳ˵ǿ𻨴ŶӳԾ°Ͳ˵ûûصĳײ˹ӣһһˣֱЩ˲šżׯϲ֪ĶϢ߹·ӸϷ޻͹ϵ˳÷ҵϱȥɻȻѪһץһֻżӾʹĵȥҴˡ

۸˹һӣµҲûﲻԡԾԼһֻѾǸ˹𻨴ˣſڽлʱ̬ǽһӦ

˵϶Թ𻨵ӰһӶѲ˵ģ´ʱ˸Լĸסϵ֮ʱʶؾȷӡ
ŴԴĶӽԺ󣬾²۵˸ܡǷԺӲԶɽԼڼſڲԶšⲻһǱ֦ͳļֵĶӼ򲻹һš

ǻûأ汻ŸֱС

ᶼ쮳վԺƿڴŹɥĵ涫㾹Ȼָʹͷ˴ֵܣֲ˵ɷǣס

ͷġӡû˵ͱһƸȵðǣٸһԣӴ

ſҴĻ첻ߡŭûá
Ҵ˶ԹһȻҲҴ޳ȥģûˣѾܶû˵һӿɳ˴ˡ

һȥһز˵䶼졣׼ϿޣǱżһӤֱ۴ֵĹۿžҪ

Ǽƣ˶µġϵ¼˲ϣؾˡ

Ż㳦ûʽɣǱǳ鷳˰źõһΰζƺޣ׼ȥһˡ

һգܹѰŽйǸӰһߡ

سǸǻӱȻˣҲһͰȡ
ǸΪӰ˳಻رɫȴʮֿɹۡɫľװϣһԺɶɡ.ɫֻаŶܹ˳ŰŵƳӰģı۽ǲԾس˳飬Ӱţսܽɡ

ջĿ⣬ãӰŰɡ

أܹͻȻĿڣ̬ǽһսܽɡӰùˣ㲻⼸գ߸Щ

źźءŶһȻûʲô飬ȴܹĪı

Ӱޱע˵ɫ仯Ц⡣
ӳһˣҲø

ϴεĽѵΰѧˡϳ˱ҪʳصľֻǷذ׺СУһͭ嶼ûš˵⻹ǴСѧġŪ˸ӽذϵڴϣСвͷһѵõ

ⶼ¶ǣʲô

СǰʱձȥԺСˣСȻСѾһ㺢ͯĶࡣżȻûĸСҪġСӼȻôϻۣǸöһ䣬дһҲ١

ԺԺίʵ徻˲١˵ҲǶӣôȥԺ

Ҷˣû˼Сֱ׳ػصرһҲһ飬Ҫȥϡ

Ŷ˵˴

ǾǴСǿǧô򵥵ĶȻһ˻ֱǸһȷ

ŶҪЦˣҴ󷿵ķʮǧҲû

ǲˣ

СԼڰ˸λҵпոһ˽ӡǧҶˣӹҲĬдˡѧġ

ſ⺢ӽꡣȻһ֪⺢Ӵϻ۵òѰô˵ЩԾôģŶͯɣ
ڰа棬ͻȻƽ˵ǹʶ֣徭ʫѧʫ֣ıܼеĲ顣Ŀκֻ跭㵹

ţܼҵļ͵ԭôǿô

ǹɽˮѧʶǾǵѧȲá

Ŷ𣿡ۡ

ǹӲѧ峵Ҳһһĸǿ˷·޸ĸߡųῴ飬ŷ·Ѿ뵽겻ޱ飺ͳ콡˶һģʵڲذһһʽɱˡ

ţ

⻰ǹ˵ġһţǶԸġ

ţ




92.  ھʮ   

һ˵ԭ, Ѿˡ
һ·ϵӱѱӰĸɾ·ϲ޲ۡ˵ǰʱܹæýŲ, æ¡䰲صĽ˷, ûа, һֱûнܹԴӸӰϵ, ¾ͲӲܡ
˵ȫΪ˰źͷ, 䰲صİ̻šǱ½죬ӱ֮¡Ӱսһаٵǿ֣Ȼ, ʰӱ練ơ

һ·ߵ˳컹ֹû뵽䰲صͦġ

ЩӱǹԴȥġ׳ޱļˢڸ, ү֪ﾭ䰲غԭ֮䣬Լм˲Ͼգ¡ǰȥ˴õġ

Ȼģû뵽

үϵﰲΣԼгһ뿪ĴæշȻΪ￼ǡ

Ȼ˵ܹڱôȷʵܸжôôĲþ̲סּԼۣү̵ģ

ôܣ

˱仯, һ𾪣ү˵֮, ô㱿׾ࣿ

ԭԼҲ֪Լ׾ࣿ

˵úܺã´βҪ˵ˡ

ս/ܽ

ɫͲżȥ˸ϳʳʱʳ׼ȡ
ŰҪİӴȥسǣ߳˷ϷޣʦļͽæʦͽܹźǰõʱĶ̹ͽïŽŵʱïøĨαϲϴ, æվ
ĨһŤͷЦӭ˵Բסˣʳˡ

ŤͷһǰŻʱңˡ

˵꣬Ͻӭ

ųͷϵİݸûߵĶ̹󲽵ߣأ

϶⼸նڴ˵Ǳ߳˵£϶͸ϻȥï˵ٷɿذ齻
Ǳ߾ǹӺŴ壬Ŵڣŵ¹ӱ۸ǿ׳һܴˡȻô˵ҲųһЩ۵ӲҪ˶ġӵųҲһգüͷ׳ʲô£

Ů¡

ïǽǿƹԭǣȥӷ˵飬÷ż˵Ů˵ˡüͷֱͷȻƤôˣ

½ô

ˡïҲҶڵĹģ˵գǼż˾ͱֱСЩš϶²ã˴ȥ

ŵͷתͷָһֱû˵С磺λС簲һ¡

ïʱע⵽վѣҹΪһĽ˶С硣˱һ˸߰ͷøƵġһﻹŸ˯ŵĺӡ˵ʱï䲻Ŀһ亹ҪðôƵվǰϢģ

ƹģֻʣ¥һˡ
˵Ҳɣʳʱæʱ¥¥¶סˡпͽ뿪¥²ſճһ

ïԼ˵ҺС綼ûԣȥ

λ߰ɡ

Ŵǰֱӽ˺ԺԺʱʦæЪʱͽ˶Ÿ̨ԱߣŹǵʣ˴áŽպÿһĻ̲סЦʳýҲôΣʵĳʳʣˣ

ʦպڿһһһվһˡ

ţſһӣЩжʦʦͽʵˣһԼʦͽ˸˵ָԺɶɶʵͽġŶ̫˼۸ˡǼԺ󣬵ڶڳе츳ꡣȻʸߣ̵ĶŬŬҲܳȥʱʦ߼ѧ֣ʳϾͳ㶫

oͦãȡʦֺǺǵķ׼ַ̧ԼӣֻԼƨɺ˲䣬ϵģһ˻

ûأϻûԣһҲԣл͵ˡ

˵ţžͽԼλĿ˵ˡ
㳦ĳѾ쵽βͲˡŵı⻹µŮһ˽İɡŴŮѣ£һݹ֧ҲڼжЩͻȨޣﲻ̫࣬ܰһһ㡣

ʦȥ㳦ģȻϸҷģϴȻ˲УЩɵı˳ǱѾܵȥ㳦Ҳġ

Ͼȷ˽ĸŽѸһݰĻɻǳƴҲ㼤飬ɫ˵ٹ۲һӣǸܹµģ±šģǱٴɡ
Ҳ˵ŲżҴʶ˵Ĺ衣ΪƯţǰ뱲Ӷڱ꾫˶ûֱ˵ϳɳɰһԱ氲Žߵ̹ľⶼǺ󻰡

ҲɣᡣԼŮӣȻɻŮ£Ҳһ

ʦʳߵ⣬ҲҪŻ㱨ü䶼ƣ֮ɫҲ飺÷ôҪҪ㣿

ˡԼǺܶһ·ЪϢˣǰСʳɡ

һ䣬žͻЪϢˡ

ԭּ߰ͣҴϵƻͨ
ΪֻӳȥԺѾ˯µ̫̫үӶԺǱһָˡӳŽݼżؾٵүӵǰ游ĸҾ˵ǸѾͷô׾ˣȻûȻţ

̫̫ʹˣֲ£ҹߡʱɫʮѿӵĻǾóһסӳż֣ҿҿ

̫үҲһҲ߹

żǽһھָġżһСࡣС໭һڿ̨˵ĳȻãȷʵǰš

֪ӳΪ֤Լûкˣ˶١ʱһֱ˽ˡĹ餣Ļʵ֤ǶԵģŸû£Ҳ֪ΪҪңţõʲôû˲ƫƫһٵģƭˡǷǵұϲкѪ׵ͷô

һ仰ǽʱ̫̫ӳʧĸɸɾȫת˶ӵķŭ̫̫һһضżٶСãݺ᣺˵ôðɣ

̫̫һ˳˳ˮϵʱ򱻶һѡ
үӴ뱲ûйŮ˷㣬ӻ¥˸ؼҡСֵĻ˸ĶӣøƵġ

̫̫Ѿãû뵽ﻹһݺĹε飬һµģĺöӣ

̫үӹżϸˣѵû˵

˶٣һ䣺ƾһš

ôˣҲ˿ˡȥҽй̫̫ͷ۷ڣҵҪνͣ

ӳѾãּѾǹܡӳΪճּ˳ĵճǼĵĽүӵӣ˲֮ŵô󱦱ӡȻһһԹ۶Ǹĸͷ⣬ӵѹӳ崭
̫̫ԼȻʲʱΡȻƵκĸᴵͷ磬ֵүƫû߶ռ񷨹صĽţּǷĺܡ

¹Сӣү˵ɤŶСˣֻһŶѣ˵ƵˣҲûǰȥ˵ǣǲŻ˵ءҲܽƾһžͶ϶СŪ

ģ˾ţ

̫̫ؿһһϻڸǸ˵

й̫̫ĵžž죬ҽйҵҪô˵

ӳҲĿڱõһ֪ʱΪ˶ĥ˶ٰۡ˶˵ΪһŮӲкѪף˶ĿڼŷŭһɨĵԣɵҵճֲֶʳңĸĸףףĶ˵£δ̫ݶЩ

̫үɨһۣĵĲ֪ʲôͷֿżżֻ˵ڽݵıСؿƵˡδжؾѾһص̬δ̫ס

ţүȴû˵

Ҳ죬ϢһԺˡһֻ̤Ժţӭͷһ豭Ľ¡ļʱˮûнֺ

ĸ׻òĸòʮֳڵġ²˵ֻһü˾һ£ͷɢڼϡ󣬵õϢ÷ʱССľһʱȻү͵лú˵Ǻ⣿

ú˵̫̫ͷĻһ¾ðϲĺˣȻҺú˵

үɫʱҲÿˡѾ˳˼˸й˵˵ҲǾԣû֤ݣ˭ƾ˼仰Ͷ϶˻ŵģ

󳳴֣žܻ̫үƳ˽һۣɤʲô

檣Ҳĸ÷㣬ӵҪⲻԺ̫ūΪүˡ˯ţæ

˵ţͼ̫ү֣÷ؿȥ

һһ̫̫СΪðɣһ÷̬һŭֱԶһָ÷㣬ŭĺǳˣ檸ûҵķԸ˭׼Ժȥ

͸ǵ˷ԸҪ֡

̫үο䣬ͱ̸Ūͷ󣬶ʱҲŭˣϣ㵽Ҫô

ôЩϲ̨ĶҿԼݣ˵ţһӡ

ס֣̫үʹᶼʱ߳ŭʿɶֹ

̫̫ʿɶֹŹ֣Ⱥˣ

һȺһȺ˵ʱһƬң弥ڽؿһУ¶һ̵ЦΪһŮӲкѪףļƲߣйġ

ӳ屻ͻȻ̸ˣվһԲ֪롣Ťͷôһ䣬ˢͨ졣

ǡ

ʲôЦſ̱˵ȵӣȥˣۿˣڼУĸĸţȻһⲻ֪ĶŪžֱ׳Լûѵϳȥģ鲻ģֲôؽǸѾǽİԺӿͷ˵ɵˣӳ壬ˣ꣬湻Цġ

һûӳѪĿؿ壬˵ʲôĻȴָҲĻȷʵԺһʱգѾˡ

⣡ɵҲûҺõĶȥӳ巴༥

Цˣ˵ӳ壬ȲҡǳճΪ㻹վ˵ﶫ




93.  ھʮ   ʼ

ӳ.Ƶ, ȴҲĻͨ졣
ûа˷ӳ峤ճΣһΣ鶼, Ŀ, һᡣ֮걻ֶεӵŮŪڹ֮, ҪҲʸΪּҵļ, ǻƨ군ּң

Ϊ÷ĳ, Ҫ尲Ѷ֮ȫ̱ҡ̫̫ʱĶǵ壬ֻܽеķŭ׼÷ȥ

ԺҳһţĵҪ, ֮

ּסԺߵҲһءˣ˵岻Ժŭ, ̫̫÷Ͻƺظʹ֮еŶۿۡ

Ҳ˵ּҳһ࣬·ҵҲûкö١
类ȥ·ԺӾͷ˷츲صı仯Ϊ·δȢޣԺ޵ͨҲɾԺ·ԺΨһһŮӡ˵·ĺԺһӦý, ·̫̫в檷Ķ, ⷿ˷һɲ׼

𽵹檵ݽ·ңĻڰҵʱ򡣰£ʹˣȫûáֶΣͶ·Ҵ̫̫

óᡣ

ûӲ£ȻһĶϷ·Ҵ̫̫ȫáʲôĵֺ·ҳŪʲôÿ֬ˮֺ·ҽãȫ·Ҵ̫̫Ҳ
û˳շ, û·ıӻĵ˵һ

ǺãⲻԾȫͲԣ

׽ӣڻԼʮĲȷԡܼңȷʵԸ·ҡȻȫûϱӰŵȥ˿롣˵ϱܼػѻңͲףԼӵǻ۳ıĸıΪαһˮ£ʼ·ʮְ𣿵״Ķʼ

Ȼ֪û·ȥˣ·ƾ١ṵܹ̂·˲鵽ԭΪһж᲻һ

¶ԼĿʱֻһССľҰ¸Ͳȫƨɶûɾ

һ̰Ĳ
һҪϱӵĽһֹߵ¡ѵ֣ȴժժġ粻֪ԼĶӳĳȥſĵ˰ҵϡ

˽ģŲǼĸ̫̫ǼĸԼĸ
Ͼų¶һ̫̫׷ףժðաһûԼǰð̫̫ġ̫̫Ϊ˹ŰĺܡֻаŲŮĹСиݼҵĺûȻҲһЩ۰ǱŻǲԶ
ֻ밲Ϊ밲ּҵѾ޵·бȥΪ٣ͻּ˵Ƥӵ¡ּ˷û˻·

егĸȻΪ
ŵУ̫̫ŻᱻܺЩŪıӱʮ껹̴档ټָ㣬˻ϿϣЩĵðϲͨ븸׳֣Żõıϡ

Ȼ￴ž͹šСȡһӷ˵Ŀڡ

ϸϸź󣬵ҹ滨ȥǰ鷿ȥ

ĲФ·޵λáϾȻ͵··ȴھǡûгݻܱġ

߰гıԭߣȴײһֵˡ

Щ˹ģԭЩˡ
ŻæйģȻⲻ˸ܡЩ˲ðͷŷˣ˸һգطˡΪܹݣŶⷽʮСʶԣžŻ´֪Ī¶κιڷҴϢ

Ȼܿ죬Щ˱Ѱ޹ֱԹҴ뿪ԭ򡣵ȵ˶߹⣬ŵ֪Щ˹Ȼһ֮òΪӡ

ɫΪ㣬˾

ŶѾԭĳ˳ֻ͢ʣҡү˾ǳ͢ˡŲɵ֮ǰ˵ˣʳʱʱ϶¥̸˳͢Ҫүһ˶˺α㱼

ųֻʣҡŻҵܹŹ֡

йæµ˲һ£ʮŮϴȥżҴ壬㳦ȥԶɽȥ˴ɽͷ֪ҴӻǸġɽĴڵƵӲĿ࣬һСſӡ߰СøһƤͷ
׳ҲƼݣ˺ӻмԲůĿࡣ
˶еͬķģ˵ʥĸҲãҲա²үүúģ׶ĿȾҲүүһЩȥɽĴӣҧһʳޡ

ɽһӣһɽͷʮŮͬʱÿŮߴһӡ

Ҳ˵мɽĴû˵㳦˴Ǯųɱͷ˲ٶãž࿪¿ζ㳦ǿٴ̻ͷϰЩǮ׬

һҪϸİѿأйԺʽ㳦һŲáЩ㳦۵ԭȥġڴĳڣκ覴ã

ҷģʡġ

Ƶģ㳦˿ǿöࡣٴҲֻǸʳ¥Ӧ㳦̶ӣԭ̣صİնϲĶһҪ׬ġ̵ָ̯Ķ

ŵͷֽЩŮŸסʳ޸ǰˡ˵óԱ˲ܸɻ

ƣһ̵ᵽҷģһᰲźá

齻٣תͷʰ׼سǡ
Ϸԭһʱգ˵бĴ㣬Ҳӱܡ˵ðͷ̯ӷŵʦǼͽܵСãʦóʳ¼ͽȫһֺʳ̯ӽϵҲҡ

һ£һ£ҲǰͻȻʶԼ˼άˡһֱ˵;̫һģʵ̫óԵԺһð˿İӡ
ܹ²Ʒ˵Ҳܸ񡣱Ͼʳ¥У̯ȴкܶࡣ¶һʱǽӸйʱˣʵҲϾʱ㣬ʵԳϾʱ˵ĸƷ

˰ӡ˽ӵȵȣЩֺóԡܵʵҲһ

Ǹӵĵģ˰ӸѲס
ȻŰ뷨˵ˣʹӦˡԾԾԵԡϾǰǱߵĻƸǵרȫļҵȻֵġ

ǸãʳҲѧһѧĲ˵ָҪæ

Ȼ岻ݴǵģ˵ʦ㲻ʦҲ

˵ҲǾ׮£ȻʶͽһʮֱҪ¡ֻаմгȥ²Żһֱܸʵ¡˵ʱ٣ѸĿܴԺ󣬰ͻȻЩ׽⡣ӺƹĹã۵ĸƵġ

̲סĥǲǸÿѵࡣţ̲סѻֹ

ѵࣿСԶȱ˼ʱҵţϰΪסŵĸ첲ʲôѵడţ

ǿڿΣµ̫ˡ

գգ۾Ȼ죬ϾСЩһ֪ġʱ˵ıûһ仰û¡СССԴʮֱӼ򵥣û£Ǿ£ţҪЩ˸£

ڷһۣѲ㻹ܸˣ

˵ŶСգīĴ۾ڰ˼ѾһͷĴͷ޽˷཰۵ͯžͷܵظڶͷ۽޳÷·ֻɫ˵ҪЩˣ

յġһüͷĸɻġ

СӰڰŵĸ첲ϣŶһǿҲû˱˺óԡ

ţ

ѵǸİѧһ͵ģûʱ;ȥŶʼڴһЩʦʳ߹ˡø˼ٴ򼸸ģӮӻ

ڰĥǲǸȥʡϾǸǷӵʦ֡ĵŮ˵¡żǵ÷Ӽǰմңѧʦʦü˵ղʮȥЩʦʦָʦֶ˼ͽܣǼ硣˵硣ôԸ뵽ʳʳҲ

ðɣ˵׻Լûͽܡʹͽúþòܶ¶

λƵػصسǵ·ϣû˯һǳȥʡ¶ԣͻȻƵͣ

һ죬һоͣ£־˴ȡ

ʲô£ذ׻ڴȸһ˲ͱ

£ݳĻܽսһԵԱߡػȻֱܹΪﻹðŵӵģӣˤǰͷˡ

һ㶣һζһݣײˣ

ûػԼˤģû

Ķʱ۾ڰ߼˯Сޣ˳ӿȥ
ֻĲԶһڵߣͷףɫơݵƤϣݵðȥ·м䣬һ˫ǵ۾ãȻؿܡ

ӣƺǸ߶ˡɻĲµ

ô£ͦ÷Լȥȥơ




94.  ھʮ   ˫һ

طǸ·ڡϱͨ䰲س, Ƿԭ򣬿һֱߵĻͨʡǵķ򡣵طʡίʵЩ룬Ҫһաõĳ̶Ⱥͻģ, ͷεһʱա

˼, ôˣſ촽ɵƤ, ´ΪĶ඼ѳѪմͲݹһ, ģǺȹ۵ˮ, ϵġ㱣ãϻˡʱһ, ϸʣﲻô

ڿʣ, ҿڿʡ˼˫ĿѾһ裬۰մȾµĻǡ

ʱؿŰţ֪ʲô֫Сһɪš俴˹Ѹ̧˫ֵڶͷǱ˴ˡż״һ£ϸ˼ҵŷֲԾƺ⡣

˼ңˣ˭߶ˣ

ŵʻ, ˵ǲ⡣˶, ŷ·һüͷٶ۵ǿǳҾġҰ죬Ƣܻȥˣؼҡ

㣿ʵϰô

˼ҵͷ

ŲʶʲôС㡯̫̫䰲صʱҲ֪ĶҲһʱ취ǲ֪ʲôסδ

ӴƯĹʮûĸܸȡý˰ż̤ˣһûϾͿҡͷ߶߶, ۾һ˲ɬɬЩȢǳĵġֻҶġĲͼңͼҶá

ԼеŹֵĸоȥע˼ҵ۾
˵۾Ȼǣȴһɬ̬·ŵ⣬߶߶˵㡣ߺͣȫԼ硣״̬ſЩ죬ôƺİȺĬ֢

˶٣̽ʣ˼ңʲô֣ˣ

ҽгǹƽˡʮꡣ

šһȷ

սܽʱҲͷϷ˻߶³Ʋ㽥ۿҪڵϵ˼һô˹ض㵽˰ŵݹ᾵һţɪɪ

ҿڿʣ㣬ˮڰŵ

ŷóһţƤҴҴװһЩֹ𻨲衣֮ǰģ·Ϻȡ˼͸ɵѪģҲûʲôļɻ䣬ƿ͵ݸ

˼ҽӹȥ̻ʵغһߺһ߶ӷĳ

ɫԺͶˡۿһ紵ڵϽʪһƬ
ſʻҲش˼ң̾˿Ǽ˸ӣͿʼ˼ңҲ֪Լè񹷵ϰߺʱܸĵϾҪˣһ־Ǻѵ˼εŵеܲס

سǻжԶۿ๾һҴĲˮڵģˣ̧ɡ

ػسǣԼҵһүһȫġ˼Ҳأսһֻ־˼Ⱔսһ̧֣ԴͿң۰ңˣң

˼ҿ޵øƵģŶﲻܡ

ô£ӾǸˣžˡ

ƽ߶ˡ˰˼̧ϣһЩݹȥۿŴҪҲҲ顣·͵ˮʪԺߡķӼ򵥵Ľ͵ϰӴģ֪Ķ

Ӵ壿ⷽӻ֪ոæϯ棬ȥںñˡжʮ·ˣӴôܵ

ҡҡͷҶȻ𣺡ȻسǰɣٸӴʰɡ

̾һͷˣŶ

û˵ߡ
Ժ·ȷʵ˺ܶ࣬Ӧð͵سǵģߵſڶѾˡһ֮ǰͻسţǵſڵʱ򡣰һƿӾͿԶƵĵƻ𣬵NNܽ˲ſŵڵ

׵ı˿ۣڷ޽м鷢紵ҡƵĵƻüģ࣬űǰࡣ
ܲôֻĲ˵ˣŲڣʳۿ֮ۡϵʹòױ̶ֵ̼ವµѴ϶Щյġһ磬紵Ƿɡ

ܹͣ񽫵ߵˡߵԱߣƿӾ;˰ŵỹûӦأ͸оԼһĻ˿Ĵлˮĳʪע⵽°ڶѾˮʪվ˶ãȻʪˡͷҲˮζһԵϢࣺˡ

űҪ˵ʲôģʱһƬհס
оȵĴĶȻһ£㤵صɴ۾

šܹȫûΪԼͻ˾ٶֱ氲ŵ۾

˼ôֱףŷе㲻˼
˵ܹʱ仹ҩԡĴݲлûлָȫڴŵܵſ֪˶ãɫࣺˣȻؼҡ

ߵĺǳȥű˱Դ෢ȵĶ´βҪҶ

ܹЦššһŻض

صջѾǺʱѾˣҹɫ
翪ʼµڶûͣƬϷɳɳ죬С˯ˡȷʵۣһۡｫԼ·ϼ˸˼ҵ˵ˣܹû̫ȱǵӣ˳ְһҲ¡

ȥŰɡܹһŰŵĸ첲뱧ⲻԶƽصͦԶġƽʡǵϱߣ߹ա߶˼ҵĶŮضļ١²߶ˣȰȥӴʰɡ

ô˵δ֮ⰲȴТι֮󣬲ТҲ١˼һ⣬˵մ֢ŮԸˣ˸ϳǿɾͿˡ

ѾŪȥ١

˼һ۹ӿȥϺϴһ¡

ϺȻûһҲ֪ô¡ͷ̾˿ʹˣŶ

۳Ͷһ·Ҳûоȥˡظÿһţ档ʦѧģÿɾˡζΪŨű۵ûθڣһԵﷴѲģһͳȥ

ĲöȻ۾ܿӳһڵ;ˡԴʳʲôϱȽϣĻá

ϺҲúãҲɣ

Ǻռȫʳ͵ţҪһһߡ

Լ̯û׼سǻ¯̯ĳɱȻߣʳæʱҪ֡Ǵ˴ιæʳģسǿ̯š˵㳦Ǳ߻˲ӣطҪǮ

˴Ҵҳ˷ȥϴԻطЪϢСûþͱ

µʱͣʱʳ˶˯ˡ˴ҹĹܹǰ㱨ʱգԭ黹ţʳžֻʣ³

Ļʰˣӵ۹һ

Ӱһԣ˵ʱյд˵ʵڵҵүʱ˵һֻ˵ĴãҪ֮ƸӰֻûүʲôݣ̣ʱԿУѾˡ

ܹЦһûоǡκ޹أǲᶮġ

ŵĺòҪ˶׾ͺáˣܹ͵Цһȥ鿴ķˡҷ֮ˣ޻ء

Ӱ˵ϥأӦŵǡ

ҹˮɫࡣͥԺд̵ľɫҫ£·һɴܹڴǰ˼ãֹ̧˴תȥЪ¡

ڶΰζ÷ǳ죬·ƤŸջָҪʼƤһ磬ͷСҩͯʳĴãкū˳Ե죬죡һһҹ·Źˡ˺óԵĹ

ūæȥ¶ţŸպںԺһͷ˵׼ʱæϼӣϽ͹ȥ

Լʰʰȥܹķš

յſڣûãŲŤͷһܹʪͷǱ߻΢ôЩͽÿϰϰ߼¶иԼſͼ߹ʲôˣ

ûһԺɫ͸ӳӰʮֵˬ޴ˡ

޴һܹ͵һ顣ò˵Ƥĸоʵ̫ˣǹͷӲܹҲ̲סᡣһ뵽θɾͿ£ЩȲڴãôһ

ʡس·̣һһҹɲϵ

Ҳǡβ۵޴ͷܡ˵Ҳǲ˼Ҳôûĵİǣ޴ر࣬ʳ⼸վͺúд

ȹȥŸ

ĥԼĶ罷ҲˣǸͷ罷ͷԡ

㲻һȥܹžòԣۻվ̨棬Դһͬؿ

׼ߵİţ

ôе̫¶ԭôճ˵ô

ܹɻ߶еȻѿڶԼҲû뵽վ̨һͷܼһޱؿһһµˣ˵ʮ۵ġԿţ·һĻս͵һ䣺ͷ˵үǲЩ䣿

ҲáޱؽӲоġ

䣬ԴͱӰһƴžž죺Ǽ£ζܱûζá

Ӱյү̫¶ˡ׸ĸ˫ûֵܽá֪ܼҶĿ࣬һ𳤴һѧõݱСֶβϣΥǸЩѪ׵˼ĿݡˣЩĻ˾Ϳվɡ

Ҳǣ̫ճҲá㿴ĸ񡭡

СֹţȻ˳ܹģȥ

Ȼ޴Ϊ˸ܹβصıȷʵࡣΪӶŻͷĳࡣ͹ô̵ʱѾԵһ㲻ʣҲˣȵøɸɾͶ̥ٶȣĲ³

Ѿͷôÿضࣿ޴üͷôˣ

ûôԼ

ܹ£·СѾϵʰɾ̧һ۳ŵֱͦ˶ӵͷͽܣһüͷƤƣͳԲ˱ˡ

ġ

ϻسԳܵĿ࣬ͷ׼ҩóһСƿժӣ浹ָ׸ǴСҩ衣ԼһһݸСͯзִ硣

˵ţƳһܹȥʱտʲôʣ

ܹݹȥѾȥָЩ

.ʢҹξϣ

/ܹ񣺡

һ仰ǧˡͷ˵ǰ޽ɡܹԭΪʲôһſֱӰϵ׶ƳܹһŰҲƵ˲Ǻ죬һ˫īеĶһڿˮǺ˺ۣŴȵ˺Σ㣬㡭

ξΣʲô˼ģͷƳһüƮİţЦд󵱻Ů󵱼ޣҲϴСʮжͻ¹һβŲ

ܹҿţԼ¶ʲôԼеӡ󳹵ױ

Ȼ𻰣ģͷҲ̧ѹѹ״Ǻ¡СЩǲǾûй.

ܹѾðˣɴˣŰȥ濴ɡ

ʵҲΣûֺѵϲŭɫ˻߳ܵ޵ݣ˶ģҲδ̫ЦΪһĵˣû̫Ϊѡ˳ƾվܸصͷУԼȥ˼ûС

˵˼ǸʲôҲĥŲȻ޴򿴿

һߣܹȵ̬ͺתˡ

ռϢ֮ͻָ糣ǸҵģҲ

ޣ緭飬µӡ

ȷʵһ˵ʮʱͻ.һģʮ߰Ҳԡ۵Եʣʼն¶û̫ĸд

˵¸˵ĪĹϵҲȫʹȻ

ϴҲɫбЦһͷһת㳤ڱҩҲһ̶..գתס

ܹһǹɫʱÿ

ܶ²ܾԡҲȫָԵʣռһ֣ϴģߺʹ˿ˣйˡôе뷨ν˼ҹΣĶ࣬ɲΣҲãĵӻء

͡

ۡ



ܹϸѹȥȶȿƲסָĿѸٿסӰˡ




95.  ھʮ   һ

ڶΰζḺ́ȵһ׺ܶ, һ졣ṉ̀ȵһҪ尾Щ˵һεļǰܾһθ̵ܹۡҲûסʹһһģһԿ, һѾ;סźö׼ߵޡ

ͷһ, žˬ

Ҳϰӵ, ûôܹǴ۵ˡ

, ƤȻۡͷΪȻ

ûʲôܼʹİ취㶼˵Ƥ, ôӲҲǰ취취òһЩԲҲа𣿡ܹɫףͷ亹һһεĵ䵽ԡͰ֮С, ۿǺͲϵĳ̲סʵ

ŤͷƳһܹ, ֽĿ䵽ϡ
û뵽ƽ˭СҲ˵ʱµؿãִ̧ץֹֹһЦ취С

ʲô취۾һ

衣޹һЦ˾Ͳˡ

ţ



䰲߰ζɵĽУ·Ĵڵִۿڡ
ǵĴͣһһۿڣûˮ·, ʣµҪ½·ԭӦøһ𵽾չֱƾٽľ˸ĸ, ڵִﾣʱӵլǱ߼ż˵ǽʷһܳȥСһǰң÷øϽȥ¡

ԼүױдϷǲҲûءүӵĻ˭ҲΥ

ƾپʮһ³鲻áϷû취ֻ·СԼȥȥ·ҽűտӾ·ֵѰؽݡ

·Ƿǵðչ˲УֻǼгĲ෽ǡ
ʵ, ˾˾ĸŷһ徻·ұǸ壬źʹӾ鶼Ҫ˹ʣʹѾŵ׵Ҳ˵չ˲ãʵǾ˾˾ĸ̫ġػ̫࣬ʲô¶Ҫһ£ЩĲ衣ǺģôȴҲ˵ʲôˣžö徻ˡ

˼ӡ

·ʵҲҪ̫˼ˣʣµʹӰűǡһ·ԺתԭڴϻжεӰ죬δġ

һ˻·̾Ϳ

ͬʱϷ޿ӱ޵ĸϻصݣѾ޳ˡ˵ó޸·ҵڸôͻȻҪؽȥˣ

ﰡ㲻˵޸ʮþôҪȥҲؽʺطð·Ҷ฻·Ҳ𣡡һĶҪˣ˸Ǹ˶ٻغϵ׼ڲŸؼҳɻ顣

ǸʲôԥµļһôͲ棿ܳȥܳȥʲô
Դ𣬾·ҹĸ߳ͰԼ·δ޿ϾĸûǸ˼ӵȥʲô϶ϣ޸ŻӵԽڽ֮ǰһֱôΪġ

ҲҪ޸Ҳ޸Ǹԥ£Ǹ취

ϷҲͷۡ˵ʵڼʶĸԺҲŮ޵ȥ
ҼǽݴʷΣүųð̲ųһ˵ʵҵӱúܣָߵ̼֮ҡʷܸɣڳʷλþѾ㵽ͷûٽĿܡҵһһһõĶûСŮ޵ңָһӾڽǸƧ

ʮǰͶԼүԸѹүӶġŮģûǸүӣֻܼϣ·ҳ֡Ͼ·ҼҴƴ·ſˣүӿ·ҵϻס
κһ˶ס·ȥԼҵŮͲ·ƨɺܡ·Щһֱû̬ȡȻǱĵ·Ҵ̫̫谮ʵǲ岻ġ

ҲһȥͳˡϱŮԿǶۡҲңҲһաʮˣҲûʲôͷô׾ͳɵģǸԥ²ܳȥˣ˭ͷʲôָ˼ҲףȻȥٿ

ñԥµģһ⻰־òˣҲҪңˣ

ˣĸǱ߻ô˵ء

ϿһĬɷһѣôҲãʲô˼Ůӵ߰һ׼ʲô˼ö׵ˣ

԰֪·Ҵ̫̫ʲôСúܣ˭׼˼ֲĻ׳棬ʲô˵ʲôⲻǻûɻأҲûھǣ»һڻأ

磿һ磡ҪУ·ҽ׵ŵȥ
Ͽûôúƣ˶С̫ˡһŮ׼ȴΪǡһӸʸ֦ѹŻ²̸²Ӧ˭˼أУھ˵ף

԰ʱͻˣô죿˼ҲԸȢ㻹ܰȢô

㣡

ҪǵӲŹô

Ҳ˵ˡ

ԽԽԭǸȥǡͽţҲܼʱžͷ˭֪ôɣܳȥСܻˣ

ŸĸãѾ޳˸ˡ

һ˳ֵ˽ݵĵؽ磬պʮµס߿ʮµѾʱ򡣼һؽ磬Ǿ͸о˸Ͳʡֿʼ֣źҪؽ꣺ⶼʲôطʮµ׾ô䣡ָɣҵˣͲ

˵֣ʵҲôá⼸ϱߴţϰˣӦݸ

һ˱һӻصԼңΪòͻȻԼһǶúýӷϴſڲмʹӴҴӭǻĲɣԼ͡үӵԺԼһ˶ȥүӵԺӡ

԰һӻ𣬻ԼȥԺӰˡ

ȻҲл𲻸ҷ԰ֳ԰£ƷЩͿżֵϵļЩǮҺڡϵмСڣҲȷʵǸӪģκαûи֧šҲǷֱ˵ԭҪ汾£Ҳһȥסȥ˱Ϣ֪·Ҵ̫̫ĴҲűϡ

˻صԺʰƬ̣Ź۵һӶȥݺܸߡȺȻٲǣҴϴһ±ҲȥүӵԺ밲

԰һӣͿӵˡ˴߲ڽݣ˶ˡ

˴ӱϽû˵ԼүͬӵͰˡݵعϡҪһ˼Ҳڴ롣˼һ˲ͬ˷֢ʱʱͿͿʱϵˣֶǵáʧһʱˣҲǻ

ģүʹ񻹲ӣҲҷŴ󻰣ڽݣԼһ취ġ

һ䣬ƺô˵ˡ

԰ģҲ÷ʲô¡ͷŵǸҲͲϵáΣҲû˸͡

Ϳؿү˳ȥһŴ
ԭǸĴˣǷĿǰ˵õļ̳˷AԼңΪĸ׵ĺ˳Ѱǰڽʧϸס

֪˭

û취仧ҵԺͱżȦӡǰ²ȦӴתͷĺЩǲġЩȥ꣬ʲô塣

Ĵ壬ܣ⣬ǰڵƼ塣뽨ǰʹڣۺ͸ķ档ץŵĸպһߵصؿһǾлЩƼ壬֡

л˼ңˡ

ǣʱճҩòס顣˷ֿδļ̳ˣǳ͢ϸŴ;λģҶǳƷղߵǸAǱӡ

ҵθ찡ү

ǣɫʱԼоɣ

ǾǵĹôôܵˣ

Ѱ˵ġɫѾˣǱץŸ첲߲Ǹѱӣʱ¾岻ʣҲþѰ˱ߡ

ѰˣѰǸ֢ͷ

ǡ

Ѱ˭Ϻ޲ôɰʵףʲôֵԳѰ

ҾͲö֪ˡʵܲסվôһȶӶʼҪȫȫѾϣѾȥ岻ʣͻȥЪϢˡ

ȴû壬һ䣺λүҪסǼңסã

ԲסӲãҪȥЪϢˡʹæĸ첲ϵгҪߡǣһתߡ

Ҳ̫ˣЩ꣬ûкõʱҲó̼ôչģݵģۡϿıӰһûʹźҲүȢûУ

ֻû˵뿪ˡ

䰲ߣһȦû￴մ˼ҡ̲ס˽ʡһȦ֪˼Ӵ߳ȥˡ

ߣհķ˼ҵ֪һܹ׷ȥ
˼ߵѾд죬־壬Ҳ߲Զ׷ʱڳſڴ˸ǳʲô£ֻŵ˷˵ģ˸۶ŹȥʱһƺɰŵСੲݡ

ǾҵĶ߶߶ģ׾塣ʱҸҪɰǱһͨǰ˼ҹһȥס

سŵСһ˵һĻ˵ȻͬϲͬҫĶ˵ͬĻ䶼ˣҸ˵ˣ³˾ȥסɱ𵢸ҵĺʱϾҪʱҵȥˣ

ŶҪװýأ
С粻ſڰС̯еôƨԶĹǲûý˿ɲ˵ס

У˵׹ùãȥף

ͷܲ˵ĵ٩˷ܵػأ㿴һ˶ʮӵƸ񣡡

˵ţտյ֣·Ƶġ

ϣŶ㾭ºϴѣֶҸһİӣ˵ţЦŽһֻ־ٳȻЦȻֹأϵЦʧĲҰס
ͷʧĴңҸİأİӣ㴩һܿΣҵİأ˭ҵİ͵ˣǺģҪȥ㴩ģ³ˣҪȥףҵİأأӶĶˡ

ģĺӡһԵ̷ЦƿһôϷƵġ

ҪȥҾ㣬ȥס

ͷһһεشۿ䣬һӾˡ




96.  ھʮ   Ǵ򽻵

˼󱻰ƭʳ, Ǻչˡϴҡҡͷ˺ͿˣүȲ˲ŮТ˳, ŮТ, ˡ

һ޿κε, ˵ͣ˳Ĭ, ǷϷ̲סᡣ
үһЩ顣͸ǰͷ, ҪꡣȻ˵ǳһ˱㽥ҲȲʶ˲ʵʱķ財Ը, ҲԸϵĻţŰȥӴʹûУ

Ѿ˹ȥ, ûҡҡͷʲô»ʹٸ

¶ҲרҵģϾҪ⡣ҪæùٸȥæĥӴǱҪûʲô׼ȷϢ߾׼١

ǰ, ¶ͨٸȥٳ֡ϷĨĨ, ͷ¶öԡ

ĶԲԣ˼ֻʱʳ

ʱָպܹζĹؼʱ֪Ƿְŵ˼ôԽĽζʱ߲˳룬ֻ׼ź޴򡣰û취ֻܽͷʱֳ󲿷ʱ䶼տ

һæµ, ʮѮŽгɡζĹзһ£޴ϰƹȫͬϴҲֱʩҩٹ۲һʱߵġ
ʱɣŸʩ룬ʡǱ߾ҹˡعźԼˣ˵ʡԼҵλ˵ĲͻȻ񻯣ҹȣղˡǱԼǴ壬ȻдտλŮ˻޴˼Σġ޴򱻴ߵû취ֻʱߵȷ³ոϻȥ

վߣСѾͷտɵøһٺõġ޴ֱܹ

Ÿպ׼ˡ˵ʵڵģʱգæö޲ú׵ء
ԭ㳦Ǳ߸ͶԭǱѩ˸Ķһ㳦ıиãԶЩ̻ĹơǵĶϣ̶ôһǺļƾͱг൱صİտ򣬸Ҳȥһöͱˡ־ϵƵʳԸĸóԡҼ۸񲻹Ȼ
ǳͷ̺ڸǩµãѺЭӳ

ŵȻɵһ㳦ΪŶô͵ļ۸񡣼ȻѾȷٺǾҪۡ˫ǩǶںЭ飬̣۸Ȼᡣ˼ԭǱߵ̻ȻҲֻСС̽һͬ⡣

¶ҪæܹǱҪչˣѾþûһٷ
˵ڰ˵һıֶΣһʽ޴࣬žԸлôϣð뷭ۡ

֪֪ˣһٷҲˡΪβˣϴһ˻㱼ʵҲͦʱűǡ

㶮ء
ͷڵ̬ȣߵȿţȥԼࡣ

Ųȥϴֻ֣ѣС棬ҷڵؽѵǹ޶罷

罷һ£ζѾ㴼óζáպֵĵڶҲˣŴس˲٣ûζŴһͳţ⡣ǵЩ˶ûôԹҲҷ̫ݣԤǳζ

Сһ⻰װҪ²ˡһȥᡣ

һȥУ˲ٺöһСͷֻҲӺδ˵ͷһʱʱֻͷŰաſʰɾͷЦһ罷ͷѧĻͽɡ

ٺһЦɾʹǽǱ˽

罷ͷȽϼ򵥣Ҫڶ罷ζŵĶ罷ζȻ˵ǸͷĨκϾƴнһתͷȥըн

ΧŶ罷һСմһ㣬˲ˡɵͷʮУ̲סֻͿˮӣ

šһ潫ըĴн̳±ãǽ

ȷʵǽôоûϺʣֱ׵ĸۡգǶȻô˵ġãһһ嶵ӣ̬ҲҲſǾƵϺζãūôûгԹôĽ

ϺϺҲζүﲻ֪ʱֱζվſڿСûгζɲ¶ۡ

ﱻүһ˵

Ӹͷһ㣬ֱӶȥ̨ȥ

罷ͷʵûʲôطʱйءζĺûȫڶ罷Ҫ˵ô⣬⻹ǵÿԼۿŰĶүʮźʳԺ󿴰һȤˡ

Ҳ̫ˡүʮź뿴˻ø硣

Ÿ˵ʲôͷִһ˶ںԺŲ˲ִӳ˻ûǰȥͿ߹ſھ͵ӣԼǱˡ

ôüͷӿŲǰͥȥѾع˵޴վ̣

ಽĸţ޴ģƸǼ˼йء

ŽŲһ٣ˣ

ȷҡҡͷڰһԶĵطվ˵ʡǵһ·ѰˡѰһϡ֮˼ңЩԺʱҲʱ

ȥơ

˵ſڣĸվڹ̨ǰ档ͷƺǸ£·úܡŹôһɨţȻϹ˺ЦλʳĶôСʡ֪ͬԼˣ˵ҽһϡ֮˼ң

˵ţóԼҵƷŵϡ

ſһۣ͵ͷǣʮǰʡȥ䰲ص·ġ

ݳݡ˵ţӻͳһչţ˼ҵﱲģҹҿһ

ţ

Ȼʱ˵ʶȤŴĻر˵ʵȫû˸񡣲һ֪ͬۡˣΪһ־˼ѡڴ˵Ҳ㣬Сȥ¥᷿˵

缸λȥ¥ЦȥѾ

ȻżˣСȥ˶¥

߼ææȥѣ͹Ȼ˼ûйļֵͳȥ֮ǰôȻһŪ¾Ͳˡ

ţԼࣿߵȾͷ޴򣬡ôߵòѾͷ˰ɣ

ĪĪţǳ̷ˡ

ǽ˼ҵ˵ˣ޴üͷôģ

ţס

ӳүǸģ಻ľҷ
޴ԼҲһʱգסľ֪ҲࡣʱԼҾʮ˵ǸΪ˰ͽҴҵ÷һӶסȥ߰겻͸ûⷿƵġҲǣǼûնѾͷķѾͷü޹ȥƤǳģԼҪѾͷĸںţɢˡȻˣǰҡǿûôõģϸ˵Ǿˡ

űûץסؼʣꣿʵڶ졣

ԣ·ңͷһ㶣Ҳûﲻԡһҡͷһ̾·Ұɣ˵úܡ

ţ·ңĸ·ң

ã˵ڽܴ󡣡

ܴǾ·Ǹ·ûˡŵû뵽鶼ѾôԶˣȻҵı߽ϡôСŶ֪˵ʲô

˴򽻵ҵĺܡ˾ߡ޴




97.  ھʮ   ּҸˣ

ʲôԼ·, ʵĿǰ˵û̫ϵԴܹ߰˰γѾ·û뵽˴룬ݵԼҾȻ·ҳϹϵ

ʡġҲûȤЩٻ֮Ҵ򽻵, ˵

޴ͷ, Ķطˡ

ŴǱ¥᷿ȥ, һ¥, Ѿ̸һ, ¥ݿܹվſڡƿŽȥӰ

ӰһžվһЦ, æµ¹

ܹ, ʩԺġʵڲİһˣԼͰӰ򷢹顣

˵ܹ⼸ƺܸɡŴûоӢ˵⼸˿رľӢƳһ۸ղӰȴֹסļˣֹһ䡮ȻԼûơɴ¶Ӱ

Ӱ, ͼ򵥵Ķࡣ

˸ûʳ, һӵĹӶ¥ʱ¥£ϰ̬ȶ˲١ʾлԺֱ˵ǻὫѰ˵ǼŮ뵱ԿͲʳرˡ

Ŷź⣬ڶһˡ罷ͷһӾܶ˳ϴнһư̵Ĵ͡ζһ±ŷղŻֹóԵļ۾ֱˡպðɹǿѾɹ, װҲһޡ

ɱһֻͷѼгָڴСԤӼ

ӼڵĴˣҲ㡣û취罷ͷһӰĲ湴ⶼСڽнȵ֮ǰ˽һĿڸСⶡҪըģƹըı潹࣬ʱĵһƲ㡣

ͷҪɾ

߽ãǱѧСӷɱСһѱסĴȡû취ɴָʹɸɡһ۰ͰͿţҲҪӰࣺС

۾һӹ˵žž

ҪζԳ

áֽżΪһǸɳӵϣƹģҪҪӽȥ

еԹ㣬ҲɫȰ˵

һ죬ͷǡ

˵ȤڣӾ˲ʲôʱͽҲͦ˼үɴվſڲߡŴСӻȥд֣תͷҲйһָ½ȥըըĽƲɡ



æݱǰңҵһѰͱɡ

һ·ôŮõһİĲߣּô£㲻Ҳŵ㡣һپ٣һּ·磬ԴںεأҰںεأ

ײһأĶ
ϽԺнԼ˵Ļһ飬û©Ϳүּ¾Ͳôġ紫˵ǸʲôӳһֱӽŸ˶ˣǼҵŮǶ⣬ںһŮŹ֣

㣬˵ʲôŶһðɲΪû壬סˡ

˵һ飬˵ôˣ

Сصˣȥʮ·;ּҵճӳͻͱּҡ˵һӳŸҰ鱬ּ˻عϽȥң˽Ǳ˵ˣӰҲš

ƣƣֱƣ

¶һ˵ֻǰתһƨᵽϡ
ԭȥԺ󣬰ɾûҡ˵飬ԭޡò齿ӣ޹ҲɪгѲôʮ֮꣬ŮмŮֻаһ
Ůĸƽ۵ø۾ƵġŮɥĸЩŹ֣ȴ֪ǸõĺӡǸ˭ϣȻǱƵϡ

ĥ⵽ô£̲ס޽̫ԶŮ£޳Ī

ŷŭȥվƵת־òԣּҺôŵ׵渮ϣ̫̫͵鷢ﵽôдģҿ

һͻͻ׼õŵݹȥ

ȻǰдģͱּҵĴ㡣
ҲͨˣԭȲ밲Żŵ¶֪Щˣ°ŻԺýѾ䵽أٲüְⱲӾҪͷ˵֪ŻţһҲô׵ġ
ݶ󣿵ؽԭݼһ𶼴󡣵عϡҵڴ롣ָҵţѾ·ȥ̫̫

ôһ㣬ּ

·Ѿھǡ·ǿѹסͷߡھǣ밴ס·ײȻ·ңһûҲûŵ檣ͲֻҪҪˣ·ҾټҴƴҲ÷ߣ

ӳνŸϳּңּҳһʱ䡣ðűĹӹߣ׷׷дһˣּΪڻӳ壬°ҹνʧٵϢҲд¡

Ȳ˵ɿŲûûȥ˵氲类·ӣȴ檵ݱּҴȥ·ֺãֱаɽż˺˸룺ããּҿǺƣ

ҰҵŮ˵ƳȥƳȥ˭ǵĵӣ

ûʵȨƷɣҲг͢١ĵŮŮûбһطļôĵˣˣٱ

ŭ뿪ң»˰£Ը¸ѹȥ

Ҳ˵̫̫֪Ϣڰɻ֮òûּҸ˺ˡ˵ɼȥǰȥϢѰҰŵ䡣ԼŮҪһּҾѵֱӵݵ̫̫ϣӳһͷɢرѺá

̫үû뵽ͿزһΪŮŵˡԼãΪһŮԾĹ

ҹİѰǸŮصԼԺӣżĳȥ
ⲱϳòǸԴǸɣ̫үûֱӣðѵӳԴʿͷװǲǶǷϣԼ˵ô죿Ҹּҳ˺ˣԼ˵ôҽôŵ¸Բȥ

ӳ屻ϹµģүӵĻԴը졣

˵һ

ľ˶죬ðŷ游˵ʲô

ӳµĳȥдĲʲô¶ȴû뵽ּȫˡ԰Ʋ棬ûһ㡣һֱΪ㲻ּҵΪǰάķϻּҺһдŻȥԹҲֻᱧԹ··ҡ·ΪΪۡ

˼УǸӵĴ

үӵһԼĵճһŮ©ٳĻѻͼı۾ס˿壬ں˰ɣⱲҾͿɻ̧ͷ




98.  ھʮ   ˫һ

ּΪɵһֵòɿ, ӳ¶һҩô󷿳ʧ̫үĻġʲôãʶ˲, áųĵֻҶ׼, ܳŵһ壿
̫үӳ嵱̳, һԺ, ÷Ļ˵ҲּҲֻӳһ, 󷿶ͶҲԡ

ӳҲ֪Ϊ±̫үΪܵŭ쳣游ֺαͱ, ˣҪ֮ѵǸƽøķŭô

Ҳ֪øŭ, Ҳ֪ų²ˣۿ̫үЦˣһԳʱ㵹ǷֵػˣôûһֱôԭȿάŮͷӣΪ㲻أ

ӳ屻̵ĸηۣȴ˵Ļ
ǵͨ죬֪ûߵġĻһһشϡԵհٰάͷ·һͷβɵӣŪڹ֮䡣

廹˵ʲô, һɫ׵̫̫صغǳһסڣʿɶֹ

µ, ִ˭˭ǸϽҵ̫̫жܰŴ𾴣ɷжܣֻҪԭˣ¾ܽ

ֻҪһҵţһжתء

ˣҵĶô׵ģǴȥͿʼңһꡣ˵Ӱ, ټģɡҲ˵ǰҺͽּҶңԼʮһ³һգһԼĪʮӺһʮŮʱϵ

ø׳ϸ֮£ü۸߶˼һм

һ˽ͼҴҵʣǷܽ˼ҴơŸպںԺ̲衣תԺ͸һʳ˵ִŲرϲ̲裬ǵһζǰģĺܡ

Ȱ˴ȥ¥᷿ȥһѣСȥͷ˼ǣ

˼ȻϲˣƢԺܺáÿռ˹һͲǵã˺ú˵ֻҪܣʵչ˵ġ

СӦһȥԺǣˡ

ʰһͨƿ̧᷿ͷͿͷλŮӡ
ŮӲˣϻȥ䰲ظźʦίĳλ˵˵ĳʦ֮ʱһ¡ϽƵɫƬ̣Щ˼صΪһҲСʳʳû뵽سˣ

Ŷӡ̫áһλԺǰ֮ʱ׾һλʡǵԨԴŶǸֱ׳ҪԼŮӡ󲻺ãǰʦȻݼڡ

ԭǳŻǵԳƣΪλ

ЩܰţԥƬ̣վλߣܾǵĸס

һ£ûмǴĻ˼ճ¡ճ֪ҵĴˡȻûʳڣеɻڳ˶ɫʱüѿƫͷȥšߵ˿վŮӽΧҲȰ˼ǣ

ҲɣҲû׷׵˼׮±֮ͣλһѾȥˣһ

䣬ſھʹ

ҽкҪҪȥ³ˣҪȥӴסԣǾ㣿ôܵˣ˵ҪҸô߶߶˵һ㶯䡣Сǣ˼Ҹһſڣĳ۾ͺˡ

ͬ

ǵôãǰ˸ҵˣ

һ˲ϰһ߿ţߵСߡ

ͻȻļư˼ŵһ£˼ʶסԴźͷ㡣ǰ߹ȥ˼Ҷ԰еӡץĸ첲Űߣ㰡ҽеʲô˭ôˣ

ʱգ˼ҰʮĹﶼϳɾ㡣ʳ˶ϰˡҲûֻϸذ˼Ҹ

ǳļק

ֻǸһ˼ң˼Һµض㰲󣬷·ϵɪ̬ٲȻ˲ٿࡣҲ˲ڣͿ磬֢ˣô찡ҶϵˣҶϵˣ

Ҳһ˲۾ӣ밲Ű˴¡ã˼Ȼΰš

֪ʵΡ㡯Լʮ꣬Ƶʱġ㡯ҲʮɡĬصͷ˼Ҵ

ӿ˼ɪڰߣһ˲ûסɤˣƹȷˣλҵˡҸʰøɾʱնлƹĶԼҸչˡһݣлƹĴ¡

һҲûʲôڵġ˼˵ĸס

λڼҴˣʱȻԶճ£Ϊ·ǳ˼ҵСŮλΪУ˼ҵĶӡ
¼ӷҵģһľϱӵİŵүүе񡣳˼ұǹƽˣʮһ걻ĸȥϵĴ¥﹤ڳеѧɲŵ츳﹤꣬Ĳ˱ԭ¥Ĵʦáͽʦ˾¥ס

ھ¥ƴ˶ʮ꣬¼ҵԴһ˵ĲסͽԺɼӣɴͽյҵոȥʮɻ飬һӵ˰˸ӡǰͷϴְֽ̣ѧãĶòԺ˵ҵӿ˳ʳӣҲ㲻漸Ӷˡ

˵ľСŮͶӡӲˣ˴ܻӪȡʡ̻ŮһʡǵǮүͷʳ¥ԽԽ
СŮ·ȶӾ͸ӪӪҲ˴Ǯ¸ðԼϸˣԼŪ˸ʲôˡͷȷʵһֺóգڽؽȺƣŪЩֶɢһЩټٵĴԣѾԶĴ

뵽ԼֻǽһİţԼΪִˡ

Ŵ˹ȻɵӪֶα󵨸Ҹɡ

˵·ɳֵµľ¥ԽԽ˸ʡǸ󸻹˼ҵϱʡдĹ˶ҪһӵġԼҳˣǽ˳顣ڼǰһһηǹ˼ס

˼óӪҲʮͨǰǸ߲ʵĹ˴Ī֮ȻͷͲ֪

ƹ񣬲֪ҪôлźáҸ֢ҪǱǻͷ뱲ӶæӪûӡȻ߰ĸţΨһϸТ˳ʲôҰæľܿڡ

⻰˵ǣ⻰Ҳ߹ǳ¼ұĲ˵ֵܽ˶ࡣ

Ű˰֣˵áתһ룬С

պþڳҲųӣһ˾ǾͽԼҪҳӵ˵ˣλҲһеģûкʵƼ

Żһ䣬ͳжһ¡
ȻŰչʧĸףʵĸлϰʩͼưֱ׵ʩͼ˳ŸҲ

⣬⵹ʲô¡ҭһ˲ӦûסЦ

˵æǲһϣҳ¶ʮþȡȲⱲӳæľ¥ͽʮ꿪ʼͽʮʮͽܡЩͽܶľ¥ɡ˵УԴ˸үԺͲȥ¥æ
ɣרĴҵĲҵʮȥôµҲࡣʡҼ׾ٵġ˵ֵܽöǸɳһеģûУֵܽҲв١

ҲǸʹˣ׵жǾǸ˵ţӹ֡ҲûʲôֵҪǵ¾һڴӦˣƹķģҪٳҶܸ

Ǹã¶Ͱˡ

Цеصͷ¶Ҳ̫ʱѰʵ͹ǡ



˼õվҪߡʱѾ磬˵һʱҲˡسȥʡǵ·죬ҹ·ȻлʵҲǺܰȫһ˼ɴʳסһҹǸӳ

ȷҵˣöš

ſʱ࣬ȥ˿ܹ񡣼ûѣҲûɿ⣬ԼȥСЪƬ̡˵ʱߵһ׮һ׮ܰæԺ󣬰ŲŷöÿæøƵģ絽һ̲Ъ

һ˯ʱ̲ѣСһﶼͷšèƵģҪͷư˯ϡ

شӴͻȻо䡣

֪ʮһˡŴʮһ¿ũũʮһ¶Ѿǳվڴϣһ紵ûһ¡Ҷأת۾Ѿ˶һζطһˡ
ױǰͭ･һȻЩп

ԼȻҪƯöࡣ˵ʵűҲüƯģϱƵϵӣѸȵһԭӵһſȵӰǵϾšȻƯΪŮıԡԭŮɫǳ͵ġ

۵ķ·𼦵ߵԣһˮȥˡ

СӲҪˡ֪ѧĴҲţżһػصعţҪȱܹ񾯸ҪӴţûҶӶˣ㲻˵̲ҺôѰ

ţѰٲѾˣҪ̲裡

š

갡֨ѽһŴš

СӸƵ˵ŵĴϾ˫˫ȱסŸС˺ȥһ嵭Ц̧ͷһ½岻֪ʱ˸վڲԶ

ˣ½վڼԶĵطҲԶ룬ЦƵǵٲѣ游ҲҪˡ̲裬游Ҳء

ţϾ

˯һ磬̲¶ˡ

Ŵ˳ƴšСಽظߣĬĬϢŲˡȻϲܹ񣬾̫䲻šϲĪð¹ӡһǻģᣡ

½巢ԼСƿͷۡ

Ƕīɫ˫ĺӸΣǹġ

½βһҲûп档ؾŵ˵ҳӣҪֵô

Ҫ¶Ҳܣǰ½ֻǱܾˡ

㣬ʱûгＯ㹻ʽ𡣡
Դʳᵽس׬ǮٶȾǷ˱ġԭһʮسһϰʱһʮسǱҾ¥ʳĳɣԭ㳦ĽĽƽÿ¶õ

ˮƽȫԿǿֵꡣǲŰس£λ˵׼̫죬ܹзաǵóúù滮һºķչ

滮˵Ѿ½ʮδӰſʡ˻ô˵ȴͨ׶½ʱð˵һѪ֮Ȥ

ſһۣȻһ䣺¹ôģô

ɣ½̲סЦˣ°͡һ˼ͷҲǲԡͷȷʵвǮ

ѿڶǶԲס

ǰŻ䣬½һЦȻûסЦ

ԲסûסʵҲûôֱڿģ˯еɡϵ˷˾裬ûסͰʵ˵漰Ǯ̰Ÿʵϡ
ϾŶԼʮġŵĶκһóȥܴ²СҵԾԼδĴ׸һݹȨǴĲƸ˵ĹǮôڲҪʵʱʣǿϡ͹Ȩռˣ

ŵ⻰˵꣬½ЦǰûϹ̬ʮأδ˭Ŀ⻰ǳһŮ֮ڡ

ôЦţŷ˼ˡ

Цʲô

û½۽ǣͻȻſģͷȷʵͦġ

ţ

ðɣ֪˵ʲôŸɴ졣

Сӱ½ЦշıһĬĬСְƵøԶȻ˾ǲ緭飬α

ܵСצƹ½ͻȻЦһ޺ϲ

Сһ㶣ͷ˵ʲô

ʮά

⻰ۣϲά

½ûм˵ֻǵͷԭˡ

ģСɴקקŵ½ǣһץסŵĸ첲˾ͷɿܡ˲ܵ÷ɿ죺ſɣҪ̲裡

½һһһСӰԶҪЦ̧ԶӰվһˡ

Цһ٣ǺӰӽ߳ܽ
ܹ԰Ӱĸֻǻ֪˶֪ĸڰĺպܽϲ֪жǸɱ񡣴ʱ׾ıƷ·һ㣬ܽ˵Ѫ
˫ûʲô۾Ҳ·׺ݵҰ޶һ㾲½塣

¹ӣܽﻹиŸܹϹĴģ鶼ζܼδĸȰعءĪҪҼ




99.  ھʮ   ˣˣ

ò˵, ̲Ϊ̲֮еľζȷʵǺáʱڣת, Ⱥ̲, һɶصζڿǻ, ůĿ

үǳԹ, ⶫоɲû뵽ڵ, ζȻ֮

һһ̲ȵ۾үǳеӣƺ˵صĿġÿǰŽջʲôʲˡ˵ʵϻǸ罷ͷȫүӵϲ, үҲͷһطԼ

ˣźʱͷ̿, ү̲סˮû취˾̰һڳԵģͷĻȵĹӳҲð

½游һںСϣ׵ĳ·Ź⡣һڷѩü۵Цữüķâ, һů󡣴ʱ˫һȺ̲, һڿŰЦǰˣԵȵҲů͡

ͷɡżǵȥѩһͷŸϡ

䣬һͷķϺҲЦˡ

ҹڵ磬ů͡һȺΧں̨Ǳð, һֱİݡ½ôţֹ游ֲ˼񣬾Ҳ᲻ߡ

㳦ܿ졣ԭǱߵĶԽҪԽͷ͵öҪʳĽٹسǺüˣΪ˶صŻر˵㳦úãʦ˵һ㳦㳦ˡϵҲϲĽкЩ̻ںصʰܷá
Щ̻ԱԼҳ㳦ζġԭԱһǧ꣬Ա˼Ҫһи뷨Ǹһۡ

û뵽㳦ôãһ㣺о³ô

еġټȻسǣ׼Ķ׼ȫˡǽʱ̻ɢ㳦˱øſ⽫תĻ

ϵӼ۸񲻸ߣʳλãҲŶʮҪһСӣֻãɱԺԲơҪ˿꣬Ҫ˹Ҳ¶ҲңȻˣٰ졣

Դ򱻰ſԺ󶼸ɾʮ㣬׼ͷٰ

˵ǱʦѾ㳦ϲس¶ʱһֱæ̫飬þû˼ڲϡĥʮһ½Щµ̲ˣջȥ࿪һ¿ζ㳦

գһˡ

߶Ҳر硣ʮһŹѩļơĺΪЩסʳʳ͵ľۼˡһϲչ
Ÿϲߣɴǣżʱ¯ﶪŴóǷһ֣ǳԵ޲ҲʧһȤ

ǻָ٣ǿѹʮգܳš
źѳŵһգպѩ
ݵѩϷǶëѩһƮɰķѩա˵䣬ʱžرԼûѧľ֮רҵѧˣָͻůˡʱůģͲٶһ

µίʵڵùǺͲǶ׳˶ˡⷬòױವµǿյһϸ͡

ſһ¯ѩлһѩӣ·ֻصճ

ҲǴ㵥ڷѩü续ͦһѩС֮УļͷתһѩͬϲȥĵĹ¼ţǴǳЦ⣬ǷŹġ

ô³ȥԴָԺʱܣõæʲô岻ò˼磬ô޴ٶɣ

ްܹ񵭵һЦЩСȥһ¡

һǰԭȺˡӰϢȥˣȻǾܼġʲôԶݺò׳ܼεļ̳ˣζٴȥϧоȴûŪˮľ档

ܹȻǸ߱ɱӣɱΪ˷ֹЩźͷϷ޴ѣȻǰ

ճʲôΪζɿڣѾûгԹһķˣӺˣ⡣

СǷԼһỊ̇ҿԡ

ܹ񣺡ˣˡ
ϾиµСԱ߻ܹʱ̽ԼǿһһƤְŵϲΪ̰һڳԵŪһ̣ǿɾ͵òʧ

˲䲻˵ˣŷǿɽҩŹһ㡣

һ䣬תߡ

ܹŤıӰ̲ס̧˲䣬½źбԽǵĳ£鵭עǡܹǵЦ𣬾ӡ

½Цһ΢΢ܹױת뿪

ͬʱ;ɳѰ˵Ҳ˳ҵ˽ݡݵԽԽ䣬ĺܹεһ⡣Ҵߴٵ˹˲ӣʡЪϢձͷȥϢˡ

˶Ѿһ꣬ЩЩңȷʵѡѰЩطõĻشҲģġ

Ҳ˵Щ˶ôѣ˵Ҳһҡ
絽ױӻˡȷʵϵǰ㣬ּΪȥ·׮¸׼ġּ̫̫˸֣ʵϻǰˣ游ĸڡԶھǣƷɣּûԽ˷ŭľ

·Ҵ̫̫ٶļıһƷ͢Ҳʹ˵·ԶھǣѾڰҵƤӵ¡·ڽٴֻ첻ȥ

Ҫˣ·ҲֻпͿذͻȥ

ڰѾ·˷֮ʵ·ҰѴȫƵȴ·ҵճժøɸɾĴŭ˰ɡ

ɲʲôƵˣȴҲǸɵġǹٻ֮ҳˣеһĲ죬һ浹ļٻһ岻֪˶Ū˸·ҩ¶ûõȻд·ҲԲô׵ġ
νӬ޷ĵ·Լŵ֣λ棿£·Ҿ͸˦ֵƹƵİ¶һƸɾ˭Ҳûµģ

˵ײ·ҼҴƴּҲΪԶھǰˡ

·Ҳ棬Ͳ·档˵ڹٳô⣬ôƷұʫ飬Ϊ˺ˬţύһʿʫ֮Ҳʮ·ûڹٳðͷͱɸƷв˵ȡ϶谭

·ܵλεвһѾס·ҵߴ硣
·ҳһƷ»´ȷʵ塣·ֶֻӣӡ˵βɣɾǿƾԼ󿼹ͷ֮һԾʸ·ö»ָƷٶţȴ·ǰðա
·һϢáһϴŮϣǿǵòʧ

·ŵͱȥ·̫̫԰ҵ̬Ȼǫѷˡ

ɸ˻һһհǰ˺ֱȷرʾҹﲻܸ·檣·ǲһĽǾͱ·϶֡

ų··ȥģ
ǸŮˣˣҪҲ˲˽ǡ··ҵճв֮ʯ·ֻưͳԻпԼʡ

Ҳ˵类·Ҵ̫̫Դ˼գЦߣˡ˵·Ҳ̫á

ֱɵ԰ѵһ٣ҵظһ

ȻδԾ֡·Ĳɵʹ˵Сֶ͵ٵꡣ겻㳤ڶ˵Ҳˡˣ˭ܱ֤Գס

ԣ·ܸĽȻ˳ɻ顣¾ðŮ̫ͣҲűϡ

·ǸΪˡңңȣǱ׷ųġһӳԼҳû˭ǰ˵͹ͷò˵ɵһǿȣ衣԰һ⣬һĿڣǳĥ԰ǵϧ

Ҳ֪·ͷķߺޣʮһµױӻؾǵġ

Դ򽫰ʧٵĴȫƵּҺӳͷϣɵŭּȥͷ·жһɿصֵ֪·׵Ĵϲ£ֻڽܵЩίȫһʱΪϵóԸ˲ѡ

ʵϣȥԺ󣬰ûĸ֮ҵŮͰһŮݡ˶ͷƼҵİ̫̫ðɻһ˵á̫̫ŪȥݷȥˡϾֻаһӣ˿

类ӻ¶վ˶á

һȥܸͣһǡûð类ӻ°šһûмŮ̫̫һͷԸϻ

ҵķ껹ûƿ·Ҳˡ

˵ԸŻ崫ͳ⽨ĲͬԹһ£Լ½еԡнʵʱѧǽԺҪͶ뵽֮УΪµĵ׼·һԻصסҹֿʼΡ

ԭΪŵĳƾûΣǹͻȻͲáֻ϶ξͻȻ̵ĺһ㳯ӿ

·ڴ˯һһҹξȴƹһӡ

·Ȼֹξӽһ·ǡʮ͵ͷľ֮ꡣξ˵־һξ״ԪڵپһƷǰšʵиİ޸ܼһӣûаֽ

̫ˣ̫ʵ̫侳·ÿһʵԼϣξӺЦòǰںܶСϸܶԵϡ

ܣ·Ժǰ亹һһƵܵġ

ֻζѣ

ŸûаֹϵⶼΡʲôӣʲô֮ԼǼٵġĴѩţϥϵȴһһͻ

ߺȻϺеĻ·Ȼվˣ

·ҵͯڼҩ˵ԴƾԽԼҲ˺üաԴüնû˵ˡͯǲΪôˣŻˣϽȥҲƲáҲֻ˵˼ȣᡣ˼衣

ʱͻȻӵͯȾͷɱȥүôˣ

Żؼҡ·뵽ξӵЦݣֻĿڷ·ѹһʯȥԭһˣ

ˣͯģ˭

š




100.  һ   ˫һ

, ѩһ򲻶ڵ졣
Ǿǰҵ˻ǽּҵˣûʲôջǵֱԭҲֻǲ鵽ȥһԭŮȥǹЩ±ץ, תͷġ, ʱٿǵӰ
ҹܼĲ, Ĵ, ˵ȥû, ˲ԭЩӵȥʱȥֱַЩˣһʱѲ

Ͼÿÿ׶ΣӾͬӻѡͬСԭֻһ, ǻڸƽأԭصĸ溢ͯ, ֪ΪѰһʮŮȷʵǲҡ

ƿȦڽһ
ʮһ¿ʼѩѵ⼸Ѱ˵ġѩ첻ţ֮ûȷķ, Ǵҵ˻Щõ, ֮ʱŮһССжޢһ˫鶯һۣü䵭ܿб˵
Сʱǰʮ꣬ʱڵĺӱ仯ܴҲǷǳ⸱ģ֪ʲôԵô̥ǻİ̺ʲô

̥Ҳø㡣

ҹŮöʲô̥ǣЩǰԺź֪

, ѰѰ

ɳ˵ǰɵţҲǰҵĹܼҡǰҳλ˽ⰲŵˣƤԶһ˵ģεĹ﷽ȥң׼

˵ҲǣѹķǳòǴʱҲǾټӣƤඨȻһŮġͷò֮ҲܶࡣСط͸٣Ƥ̫ãƧç

ҵ˵ܼҲ£Ůһ꣬ǻȥҲֻŹû£ĲЩ˵๵ġ

ܼôһ˵Ǳ졣

˵Ҳաʡת˼գȻӵסȴûʲôõϢЩΪɥĻ׬ǺĸεǮᶼġṩϢҲûйٸֻ֮һ֣ȡ

Ȼ᲻ӴʲôʱûǴеӡ
ǿܼҵһƣҲǹܼһ˴򽻵Ҳ˰ҹܼ˵Щ¡ԭȻ޶լ¸ѹĳֽϰסÿ¶ǻģһлҪǸﳤֽ

õĻӻļҲ

ò˵Ϣ˰һ衣ǸɴԭסʮһѮϾˡҲ󣬴ͷβ߹ʱǸɴլѰ˸סʱʱ̶̿Ǽҵš

һߣּҲϡĸȻײ簲ġһ·ͣͣ˶լסǲŵִԭ

ȥҸջðɡͷǵһˣڶˣȻȽϴݡ

ҪסջȻѡõġּұϾǮסµĿջȫǹġ˵õĿջúͿջԭƵĿջϻǹסع˵һʳҲϣɫã۸Զ

ּúͿջʳ֮ԥƬ̣ѡúͿջ

˿տȥʲôʳԭʳǸʲôζ

𰲼ҵ磬ּĶöࡣȻߵգҲʲô¶ûΪͷһΣȰסԭĻֲһЩǣѾȷȷʵû
ȻûǾֻʣˡһСһҲܻ̫ܵԶ¥˹ϻҹûСԭһؽļҴšȷЩȻż

Ҳ֪Ѿϣĥ̲Ժһ̲ӡ

ů۵̲ѩ׷ɵĺ伾ʮ䡣
ϱӹöܾ࣬ô죬һ̲ΧڻԿһܰ¡֣˳ԼƵҲڷʡԼԼһִȻһ´󵨣ȷʵеηηβ
ҪʱȷʵԲһЩõͷԼ档ܸ̲ϱǩָ̲ɳһɹ۵Ĳҵ

ʱգʳһպùһա̫سǸϵĲسǵĹӹĲǮһʮĵ̲ú۸ᵽʮһҲ⡣

̲ǴΪġ

һһĿǰѾ⡣ǰٵŹ˵۵ҲãվͻǱߣѧĩڶԺһµˣһæµʱ

Ĵѩգ谵޹⡣·ʮһѮԺʵʱ١գֻ磬Ѿ˵ơ
źĺ鷿ʾ֭ظ̲ƻ

˵ʵڵģгӪĳ̶ֳϴ˰ŵļä
̲裬ӪʽС뵽ĶǺЩôֵ̲档ʱǵȼǳû취ȥ

ڻʲô֨ѽһƿһ޳Ӱ˽

̧ͷ

˵ΰζԺ徫Ժתࡣֿóĺת·һ㡣Ȼݣ˭ԿľһձһպáʱһͬʽĺƤڷü֮մһѩӡ

ƺմѩδӳյþӨ͸ĵɫԽ͸ղȥûںҵ㡣ԭ⡣

ֳȥˣ¥鷿棬һܹһƽдáֱߡ˵ҲǶ˼

ţһС顣ܹ߹ȻȻڰŵ

ĿһƳͿддЩʲô˵һҵƻ顣ֽܹһɨͿдݡϴͷˣдƺȱ첲ȣһ˲һȻǿҲܿдʲôܹеŤ

дӪ顣

Ȼųü̧ͷܾЩ֪Ӻδ֡

Ӫ飿ȱ첲ȣʵܹҲ˵ôʵĹŹ֡ܶʱɰŵ˵뾩ǵĹٻֻƣϸϸֱ𡣵Ȼˣȴûָ׷ߵĴ治֮ˣ׷ŵԴ

ȻΥͣҲ⡣ܹ̫Լõľֻǰ˰ˣݣǲǾǰҵĹﲢ޹ϵ

š

ǽԼ׼̲˵ˡ

ܹ˼׮£ĿΪ̲͸ԭһֻЩֶαϿɣȻͺð졣

˵ţܹһ˼򵥱ݵķʽص¸ص˵ڿ䡣նдڵϰԣ˵ܸߵһôڿ϶ĺá

ţ

˱ˣˡģʱܻԼһȣ˭ǴӺġô˵ԹӾôʹ˰İ취ﷴɸѡЧʽݸƵݳְ취ˣô򵥡

ϸϸһ룬Ϸȷʵ˴ԸЧݡϾԱһϷܸ˿صЧӦɱһϷǿöࡣ

Ƴһܹ񣬰һŶͷ˼Ҫ䰲Ҳûʲô¸صˡ

ܹŤıסЦͷͣ䰲ȷʵûʲô¸صǷǵðνžֻеظĸ٣ߵԺ¡ˡ

ҪӰһ֮ȻǸĸӰΣȻǵѧʶĶˡ

Ƭ̣Ҳ˼

䰲صǽµιġһձߣȥżҲΪֹû¶档ֻ֪շ⣬˵ǸʲôǴϵֶҲǸʿϲ黭Ϊ˺ߡ˵мŵڣм̻Ϊ顣

¡ǳʳҲΪĻΪһ棬δζҪʡɽ˵ҪǳԶţѾһʱûʳš

㲻زˡһ紵ϵɬҩζϮ˹ֻһֻ쵽ǰ޽ɢͷ˶

һ㶣׮°ɡ

Ĳ˵׵ġ

š

ţձʵһ٣̧

ǰ΢΢ҡҷӳŨܵ۽˳ȷʵǾ޵ټҲֱͦѩɡü֮ѩӲ֪ʱѾˣѩˮ΢΢ʪü塣ʱһ˫˫ĿڻĿӰӰ´£·ܽȥ

ɤ嵭ɽ磺޴ްǾͳװɡ

Ŀ˵һٿصɴ۾

ҵȲˣš΢΢ͷע۲ת֮зת˲šŵһע⵽΢΢۽һĨӰ·Ϳ֬ɫȢ㡣

һ˲ʧ򣬰Ÿо

ʵϣȻҵвСĳɾͣʵû̸Ҳûн顣ΪƯ߲׷ߣʵ̫óŮ֮Ĺϵܶʱ˼Դ׷߿ᡣһԴӴǳϦԡ
һͨѳϦҲòһο˳ڵһӡ
˵ϲǶǼٵġ߳һ޵ˣеоȻٶۣ˵ȥִһദ֮Ҳ

˵뿪۾Ϳˡʱ˵Ļܲţ

ң롣

ϲģɻ黹ǵؿǣ룬롣

ܹʵô򶨡
ţųϦദ̫ԸŮӲͬŻ᲻ܾҲûаաϾŲļĳûаƣΪܼլ֮µǣ԰ġڣԲЩֵĸǰ

ҲȫǡſһۣȻó׾һӰˡٺܳһʱǱ˴ദѡǵúúÿ

ںȻ̨ĵоҡҷһ˲ž졣

ȵܹѵġʹţĪֱеζ

ţ

һ磬һζ

ǣšҪǶãžȻһɤơ
˵⻰ʱܹûע⵽ԼͰ͵ġԼҲûʶڰѧʦͨװ

ٵһ¡˿ڿˮεĬĬºĻʮհɡ

ܹмʧ

ɻһ֮һ׮¡űͰ͵ŪǹŻ˵˵ŮӳɻǵڶͶ̥Ͷ̥֮ǰǼӦõġ

ȷʵһܹͬ⡣

԰ɣֵȷʺô

Ϊλô˵ܹһᣬ˶٣ʡ

źȻƴڻŪˣʵʲôˣû˱ҵӴ֣²㵽棬ҵĺܶ¶Ҫƺ󡭡Ϊ棬˲ΣûзǡǽصլԺǹܷʤӵݣľҺô

Ȣޣġ

ܹɫȻȻȴ޶͸һԸζٴӣҪһͷˡֻΪȢޣʮұѾȢˡ

ţ˵ĻСˡ

źһͣؿ

ǻû룬Ҳ㡣ܹȻһְֻס˰ддֽһֻס˰ŵ°͡΢΢̧ͷס˰ŵĴ

һ嵭ҩϮֻôһܹյĴ⧲ĿھһŨܵ۽޲˲һ϶ߵ۾Ź⻪ŶԼȻͨ˫ա

Ȼ󣬸оԼĴ˱һ¡

ܹۣҪĴࡣκǰ˴ɵֻ˿ûӦ΢΢˿ӣ˵ˡ

ȵϢڰŵϣܹ΢΢ǣ㲻Ҫ޸ˡ

ţ

˵Ϊõ仰ջءܹҲƵȾϵı죬۽޴ܵظ񣬡Ҿֳ

ţ

Ȼ뿪鷿

ţ

ԼãҲûãͻأһô˫ĿԲպС򣬾ȻյĹ

ĴѩԽԽɫҲ÷·ǰ
Ŀڣߵ˴߽һСķ϶紵ɢͻȻõðݵĴˮ˺ð죬Ĵģžһ˴мƣ~Ϊô׾ϵ

ðɣʵϵ޸Ҳ㲻û˱ˡһҪˣֻܽ
һ侲
鷳úܣȢȢһ鷳侲

ֱץͷž̫ԼＸųٳٲ졣
ܹٴǹ㲻ˣεºܣ
ȻǴԽΪԼжرҲñ˭ܼҼҴƴ˶ӣŲԼȰȼ֮ߴȥӦЩơļó⣬ͷҪ

ļǼЩͺˣ˵Ȣ;ԥ

˼ȥžȽ·ŵһߡ
ţʮأһ롣Ŀǰ˵Ȱ̲׬ǮҪץסʱգ۾͹ˣպʺ϶յĿζ

Ӷӣ˰ӣȻͶ뵽̲곩С

ͬʱ˶˺üգڶ׵˷ӡ

˷ӻúܣһ˴ߵĿ˼ٵıšǰ˽һⷭһ飬￪һСš

˷ӴСŽȥͻһģĴ硣ǲʶļΪǴĴϰ塣Ͱĵϸһͱ˸ڵءȻֱϵסСԺ

ܼ£ɾͱһ˺öࡣΪһٻ֮ҵĹ£ɱūҲйġӱĵ£ֱ˴ȡ

ȱ¶ˣ˴ȶûԵɣſھġ

㣬ȥ߰·ݣǷӽһʮĹ

ʲôʮĹҲ֪ϴˣ˭ﾹȻҴӼſеûһҲӦſڵϣĿѸٽһɨһ顣ɹ˵ĹˣȻԼһӦԷʽͽҿЩͽôĵѺ񻹶ִˣҪȥسǸøǣ

ȻһٽҹֱܼӴóһѵ

ҲӷϻüͰסӡԼһ߬סһְֻϣؿٳһָͷɳ˵ģȻǼˡܼұгִգ۵ģҸһλᡣ˵һ仰ұһָͷ

һ飬ҹܼҵȥ߰·ݣǷӽһʮĸҹ

ź⣬亹ð

ҵһڿˮµģңҡ

һԥҹֱܼһһͻʣѪ쮳˲һָͷǰֻܼһָͷӼУУУȥѮ˸һһ֮ڽһҹǣ

˸һҹܼû뵽ɫ΢䣬Ȼָʹ

ǣǣӵƵ³һӣһҰǹHĵطԽHԽãԶǣ




101.  һһ   ǲǸһ

ӵͲ, οôҲûǸϵ
˵ľ棬Ѿ˲ϡҹܼҪָͷ첻˵, ûˡȨ, Ȼ͵˵ĲϵǸӣԼҵҵ, Ҳô֪Ķܶµ, ҲҪȥٸֻĻ, ӣˡ͵ˣܵһ, ֱ˭᲻ռⲻܹңҲǱ˱ȵġ

ͷ˺ǰҹܼû뵽, ԭΪʧǳ⡣Ȼ⣬׮¾Ͳ˽ᡣ
ҹָ̧ܼӵԴһðǣ˭ָʹº㣬ڸңȥ߰, ǸĸҹŪȥˣ

ҲǵˣĲǵˣ
ӴʱѾڵѪ, ÿôصĶС󲿷ֶʮĹ˻һ˭ǵĸǽǵĸҹ

ɻأҹܼһǰ͸һᡣ
һҵĽ֮Ѫˤڵأݶ˼ţ˱ˣ

Ӳӣǲƻᱻ

Ⱥﶼһöү仰û˵, ۿŰҹܼһȥУȵȣһʮһϺ

ϺģҤһҹˣûǶ

ҲԭģĸҲáȻӡ󣬱ϾͷĻҲи´ͷʮǸҹ׬һʵôǣ

ðźĵͶͷϣӶɸþȫҪֻѹļ־ĸǧصʯͷƵģקһֱµصҿԿ϶ͷϵأԶġ

ҹ̧̧ܼ°͡

ѹһһҵذӸأ˵㡣

˵ţĿ䵽ӵġ

ӻһ£Ͻסȣ룬룬ˣͷǸȳӣԣһȱһȶ̰أǸȳӣ

ֳ˾ͷˡ˽˶ͷֳȥ
ԭҲмգдһЩϢȻ󣬵ԭʮׯҪ˵ʵЩġֻʮˣҪһׯһׯңķѵʱչƲ̡ȻǸȳȵϺܵȻȿסýĴӡ

ΣǷͷȥĴڵõõϢϲ񣬡״Ԥĺ̫࣬ү԰ˡ

Ҳ֪Ѿҵڳﻮ˼պ󣬾ͽ½ȥ

İЧȫסģʮյĹ̲Ѿɵðϡ̲ӿŵĵգسǵĶ˶֡˵һտŰ۵Żݣһһɰֵۡĳذ̲ʳʳ֮дгıҪŻǽ¡һ֡

¡ܸӣʹظһʫ

Ҳ˵г̲ȻǿŴ󼪵ģյһʡҵš
һ
ݴʷҵӼԼﶨס֮ʱŻûӦ˭һ²ҵӣǵʳסСʱյԥӡʱΪȷݣŲʳס˺Щӡ

˵Ҳµױ

дģȻֻǶףǳֿ밲źܹǰȥ

֪Ŵ׵ĳܷǻǵһ˵ҲҪġһ˵㶨Ҳֻ˫׾죬ӵ׾죿

û㶮

̫ˡ

˼ȥԼʳôӣƻǳȥġ˵ԥµ֮ԼƳ磬Ҳֻһ֮ʡôʵôҵӡô

ܹȻӡģϾֵµױԥֵ±ȽµһʿӴ󣬸ҳ塣ӲȥӪ꣬Сӻ̤ʵ
ԭȲԸԥ´򽻵ֻʱԥܼǱߣӪǱߣһ㣬ʱûоúȥδӡܹԥ²ǣȴİĹӹһ̧ۣʵȥô

˵ʵеȥʶһµġ

˵ҲɺϣҪո飬׵Ȼⲻ˹עȲûдӦŻȥʶһ¹Ŵ׵ľҪǣŵҪŵġҹʱյ룬Ѿƽ
ԽԽ׬ǮٶȾԽԽ졣ѾسǴˣѾȥʡǵĴ㡣ȥʡǣδⲻҪʡǵĹٻ֮Ҵ򽻵ŵڻ̵ؼǵãǽʡˮ

ʳҪʡǵȦ㣬ûбڴʷõĳϡ

һ˼ģû˵ܹһԣһۿǵС˼̲סһסͷΣѾͷǶϲ׬Ǯ

ȥǱսܳǸһȥ

̧ͷ

һȥҲġҪ죬ƻзߡ

˵ܼҵ˽ȻûйְھӪ֮еʽ͢УξܹڱӪ֮ʱսܳϳӪˡܹױϵԥΪͷµİٷȻ˵սܳǡ
Ǹţ˾ǵȲ۵ˣҲúúùš

أأֲǺӣȻչ˺Լ
Ŷٻе㳣ʶŴʿǽŮʱбŮҪֿսܳǼǸȥҲû취լ˵ôͿȥ˼ͻ鷳

Ҳġլ֮²ôǺڼ׵ġ۵ˣ鶼˼ܹʵ°ųԿֱ̫

Ҳûӡʲô˵ʲô˵

ƨ

˾ں˵ʵҲûбˡ˵ͻȻһЦ

ͷһֻүӳһɡ̨ŵ찡úܡ˾һ仰¶

ľ룬үѾߵǰ½ǺЦֽɡ֪ʱѩ½嶶ɡϵѩҲ߽

͵˵̲ס˵ô͵ˣ˵ҲǺܻῴɫģ

˭͵˵ˣ˵ôͷˡ˵үӴ󲽿żӦؽ˺˵ῴɫƽͷ˵ûûСﲻסҪǱͷĥĥĸһƢָ˵ʲôڳ˵Ļ

ү˵ҲǶ

Żû˵أ½嶼Цüֱ

ʳĺůˡԼӲؾꡣүǰ㲻⣬һ۾̨ƳûƳʲôóԵģȥҹǣףûģŰûĭôϷЪһӿյܡ

ûпա

ס˷ۣ˶٣ֵкһźá

үЦеصͷһƨܹ˵Ϸʷмֽ顣ʮǰƾ٣Ϸֵġ˵ʷҲϷϷҲţȥϹһóɻ飬ҲӦõġſԸϷһߡ

⻰һܹüͷ

ôɫϷϷŪˣүһ

ܹ񵹲ǲүӣǼɻ½塣

ĿƳүһֱֻµˣ½崹Ǵ޵Ц⡣

ɻ½岻һգʵϣֺεܹʮַꡣ
ӣܼҵļ̳ٴŮ֮ͣÿһۡʮٻΪŮ֮¶һгɼ̲ס½гɼ鰮֮ͷһΰĽһѲǿС
½òһЩꡣ

˶¶Աȣܹղ£ƲסԱȡ
ܼҸ¼ȣȷʵܼҵ񡣵ƽĶۣ¼ҵļҷǳĺáүӱ˶Ҳʮ۰Щӣóͷ¶ǽֵ֧ܲġ½Сһ꣬Ƥûв٣ѧʶҲ˵֮½в̫ǿˡ˾һլ徻

ΪӰȶף½ȷʵǸܲķѡŽˣǲܵġ

ܹ̾˿ˣҲ

Сӣ¡үƵģ⼸Сʲôһ

ɷϣү˽ҲԼСӰѾͷջؼҡŵĵΣǲ½ģǱ߾ûһͣģͷô㡣ڰζڼ䡣ûָЩĻ˿ɳ֮

˵꣬Ƴһû˵İ˵˾乫ôƵĿˣδҲ̫СѾͷ

ſһװԼû

СŵĶ˵ĹϵǺġһιͬľ׾͸ıһιϵŵӺ塣ָµСӢ۾һΣžͻĿ࿴

¶ʮˣ¡ȻĹֻǶˣָʱбȥɣ˭˵Ǿ͵ȥ

ʮһ£ʮһ¹¡æµý˵µЩ

˸ǯĺͳľСη˵ƤĲľҡһЩȡһ˸һԭ½廹ԲĶѾ治ɫһӰţһذƤ

̲žͺˣүҲǻԣʳ˼˶ιһȦʱźԵ۾һ̲á

˵ţ۾Ƴš

Ų̧һ۴ĴѩϾͳԹӡ

ʱЩ˼ʶһ»ˡŽʣһĺУѾ׼ϡ½״ΰһƤͣס΢΢̧Ȼܹ˫Ŀϡܹ鵭ģȻسŰŸİ

½һ˫۾΢΢

ϳԻʱóѾõĸű߱ߵһرʺ϶յĿζ

һ䣬ͷ̧

ֳʲˣүӸоԼĺȤڴˣ̰һںóԵġʱһԵҳүҲ⣬˫ĶŰԶȥıӰ°һȫ꣬ƨָȥҸһȥѾͷ㡣

ܹ½½ֵز˲ǣ˵н񱣿

ɤ̲ģͻȻļžмͻأ

ܹ䵭һκˡ

һӣ໥Ťͷȥ˭Ҳ˭



ԼҵĻ£öôַүӶǡ

ֵùүֱ˰˽աˣҲүӽйȥһٳԼҶͲʲôµˣЩûźϥ£˵ĻүûӲͷƤһĻᶼûС

һӻ𣬻ص˵Ͽ
һ߿Լûһ߿Ů࣬ü·ȴʲȥǱȵĻۡһ˶ŬΪöȮ죬ȥĴA

Դ˽ݣ·ǱʹϾͰ˷Aͷϡ
ҲѰ˸УΪԼܸҴϹϵȻʹ˲ȥ㶼ͽ޹үǻˣûšͼʣܲʳϵһżѴӸ÷˲

¹Ҳᣬڵ֪ʷA޹ִص·ͷϡ

Ƥǳûʶʵǽ̫ˣȱʲôʲôǮ򲻵öڽ꣬ʵ·ҵĸ󳹵ۡ

˵ǮȥһҲࡣ

ϵûǮĽݴʷǿиˡһʷÿٺ»һӣָûԼҸҵĵҲû˵ʲôȲ·ҵճĥĥȥ׮ûŪɢˣǷɸ봫һž͵ǡ

ΪǷɸ봫ȥǶǽꣿ

ԼСӲǸʡ͵ĵơֶĻǿ۾Ҳͷϡסýܽˮ¥̨ȵ£ԶˣǾǶߵķݡǸָ䵽Слָû˵СһЦżĵ·ϾͲһ
ž˸ĸ·һˡ·ζ̫÷ӡ

ʱ·ˣ÷ʲô£Ǿɲүǿȡҵĸ֮ǳ·ʲô·غҵ£ҺԼҶ·ô

̴ž죬ʸ֦ܰԼժֶΣҲǸʲôѡ

˵ϵżĵ·ﻹİ˸жˣ·ȷʵһ˵Ĵ㡣

ξڼξԽʵŵһĵεΣȫȫȻ룬ԽԽʵġ·ûǰĸǻϺ˵Ļ಻ԡ

Ԥ˵ϱӵļ䣿

ΪƽľҲ˲ٷ𾭡˵Ͷ̥ת̲סãǷҲͶ̥תԼξеһУĳһļ䡣

Ϊ̫ʵԻξʵͬźϷϲãԼһЩ顣ͱڽ³һգұƢԱİ֣ƣʥּһ壬Ĳ˲ٶ˹»һұ

һգı·ػ

ججַ˸ȣų׿϶ξʵξϱӵļ䡣

Ŵǰ·־ضղסʡڿ϶Ժ󣬿ʼⱲξӺδʼƫȻʾ֭ػ䣬ڷֲڣϱּСסֻаһⱲӰŵ߸һóֵİ硣

Ϊλ֣

粻Ӧó

·ԼദĵεΣڷΥ͵ĵطÿγֶǸŰһȴȰһ·һ㡭ԣᡣ

Ϊǵãᡭʼɣǲǰһϱӵļ䡣




102.  һ   ˫һ

Ҳ֪·Ļ, Ҳù
ȥСסİ̫̫ǰˡڰȥֻּѰӻȴûнıŮŭѡȥЩƱ硣ȻҲϥ£̫̫ܾŮ۶̫, ˼⡣
°, ˵Լ, ̫̫ԾһŭģǵðѰɸеǰ, ͷһٳ

̫̫ǸͿ, ȻȴҲδƽ͵˷ŭʮֿ¡ɴ뱲û̫̫𣬿ɰڵùǺ

˺ð칦򣬽ʾ֭Ű̫̫ס̫̫һ˳, ŰɫŮͶӺԺǸﶼ˳ۡȥԼŮȱСֶѹԵλʹ

ǵ, ̫̫Ҳ֪ҳ¡ֻĸŮŪЩСֶΪ裬Լеĵλ

˷ǲľ顣ڰϥµŮ̫̫۶̫࣬Ҳⲻ˼ĿݡΪﰵѹţ̫̫ʼնϲ粻ΪԼò, ְֻ̫̫ƫġ

붬°ÿＦɹ, ̫̫·Ҵ̫̫Ѳ

Ҳӵһη֣ԼĸǸֶεˡʵʵЩСֶΣֲ̫̫ˡͲǸʵˣƫҪá࣬£ʧٵͱ̫̫ˡ

̫̫ӲãЩҪ̵ŮҪԺǾô̼ġ
ԭе֪߽., ̫̫ͼ֮Բ𡣲һȥˡرԭкһ㣬ڵ֪ŮʧٵĵǰһԵȥ

̫̫һ£ɰѰɸŵòᡣòᣬֻһλĸһŮȻҲ׽̫̫һŮŮ̫̫һɵĻ궼Ҫˡ¾ȥ̫ҽĸϣæ˴ҹŰ̫̫

ú̫̫תͷ͸˰һơ

ûվȣһȥ̧ͷ˲׵ϸߣ۶ɶˡ

˲ɴ۾ŵؿŶֵˣף׾ȻɿŲˣǽӶڲ֣һӶִŮ顣ϱ屻˴ӱֵĴק׶ûд

Ѵͷ裬ŵǧ򽻴ܸ̫̫̫̫ӲóܲסѾͷԷ磬ĸкκô

ûУңԩ˵ģĸԼģ

£Щ¶

ɴһӣˣѴҹûҵķԸ˭Ҳ׼



κĽɸ˰Ѱ˽ա

յݵķɸ봫Ѿ¡ȻѾͱƣѰŵϢҲûҪ̫̫ʲô˵ź˼Ҹ£ɸɴһϢõ̫̫ԺӡǰԺ֪ϢҪԺȥģɴϢݵ̫̫

ҹܼҵžô͵̫̫ϵġ
̫̫µûô򵥣ټҹŮôƽ޹ʾʧ˷ӻôʱһ֮ڰ˸Ū˳⣿Ȼ˱ﵷŹߣϵⶼƲסط벻ͨһСﵽ˭˺

˼ȥ벻ͨɴ˰Ѱ

Ҳ˵жѰԺ󣬽ߵѩԽԽࡣǸһվһѩѩû谭سǹѧǶ̲ϲ̵̲Ķ

ҷس£ѡزپҵְ

ӳͷÿ뷽ϺȥԺſڰ̯ͬʱǽĩӵҲʳһףóڰߴ˼򵥵ĲɫǿҲˡĩӣ˿ǰֻҪհŵ䷽ȥݶҲܰѰı˭á
ӷڿˣÿ糿衣ѧǶ糿ǵ̯ϳ棬߸ϲϼӣһͲ̲裬ǿɡ

̲ôģĩӺ˿ǰҲʳɫʳ

ſĴѩֻܰѻɱӺ󡣲ҲӺ˭Ҳû뵽´ѩ죬޴ڸϹζ

ѩģ·˿һҹʳѾҹ

һһ˶ùǺŸϽȥһһȺһȥָϽȥϴػҵθ죬ͷ䣡

ò˵Щж޴˵ƢãҲΪһǾҵҵΪôصıϴûԼֻǻͳ£·ûԵöŰһɣ

ӶʱûôིȳԵȵĵӡ

Ҳīȥһһ档

ȶ˹֮ʱ޴Ѿ

ߵĻȥĬĬһߵ޴

״Ԥ֮к̫ࡣĬã޴ɿ֣ϴ˿Ц⣬ȻǺãָĿ졣ĻָҪΣһξͳװθɾ֮²иĸǿʮֱҪ

ܹ飬Ȼû˱ĺôģ֪ġ

š޵ͷ۾䵽Ѿڷŵǰϡһϴ⣬۾ʱѾͷģ

Цһ̲סʣ˼һΰζô

޴棬ͷҲ̧ǰɡֻҪƳ̵ҩͻȬСҲ˵̫磬һڲãõҪӡ

˵⣬ȴģҪӻŮô

Ҳǣͷ඾Ѿγˡһգ۵Ĺͳһ롣ʱһָƳһ۰ţȻЦӵ׿̫ݣһʲôӲáˣҲ󣬶С

⻰һشܹͷϡ
ȻûųɻԺãʮڴ˵õġŴ˶٣ɫЩ԰סŵĿⶼ̲סȻ

úö壬úˣȻҲűá޴͹ʧɫһĨƵص˵ףҲҩĵӡõǿĪĹϵԼǿ׳ҲܶúãָҪꡣ

˵ǡ

岻þʱ޴һ˵ףЩÿռֶ壬һ翵ġ

ܹԣĵƳһ

ĬĬתͷȥ

˰ˣ¶ȵΰζԺ󣬿˵

ΰζḺ́ȵһεڶҪɺܶࡣ
ǰҪʵڵ඾Ѿò࣬εҩļࡣʱĺãͿࡣؽԡͰһʱʱѵûιȥȻȫ죬ûƤʱ˵ʶѵģڰŵϻܶЦ

ſЩƤϱĵطѪ̧ü֮дЦ̲סۣЦ۰

ܹۡɫҰף΢΢ǵһЦ뵽ָȢ㣬ֵá

ţҹԻҲһס

һ䣬ܹĵͷԼ̵ղ˲䰲ŵգõЦʱҰ׵ЦԾպ죬صʹţ͸һ.ǴУţ֪ġ࣬عһָ࣬ͷȥأ

ܣΡϣ˷ȥú˯һջҸĨô

˵ֻ˫۾ƵضŰš

ˣҩģ

Ĩҩ˯˰Ųŵϱվ

ת׼뿪Լ½Ǳʲôסعͷܹ֡ƽô䵭һִֻӱ߬ס˰ŵ°ڡ

һ㶣ͷü΢΢ȻѾ˯ˡ

˵żǵϱӲ֪Ķ˵һ˵˯˻¶ġȱȫе˻᲻Ծ￴᲻ɴݣԵʱһ֪ûиĸڸӵĻгټ᲻ɴݵҲӵһġ

΢΢˸üġȵĴüĻչȥԼ½ǣü£Żɿ֡

վڴߣŹ˹ӣмָӣİɣҿɲΪʹԼ

ֹһ䣬ŻûסͷĶͷ뿪

֨ѽһ»ָ谵ڴ˯۽޲ԾزСĵط¶һֻҲƵĶĵѪ

ѩ죬ڵϲ硣ЩʵϲˣҪŹ֮ǰЩȫɱҪŹ֮ǰƳ㳦㳦Ǹܲѡ񣬷洢ζֺáżǵúСʱүүǹܶ㳦Ժɹ

⼸ѩԵʣʱֹÿĻҲܸϵ

ǰκ̫࣬ĨҩڶϵСӾѾ衣ѵ״̬Ҳ޴ӰǿţԷȥ¼ա

ڰŸϺ׼شˣҹܼҲڴõϢˡ
ȥʮһµ׿µʱ򣬷ҴиȳϺʮһʮŮϢһ˶Ҫֵñ֪˶ãǴˣڷҴ壬˵ȳϺΪԼĶϱ

ܶǷѾ˳ɻ飬˻ţĺ¡
ҴϲԸʱ·̡ǿӱޣƲʱҵˡҹܼȥ֮ǰģƧϱšǼҵأҲʲȻϾûŮ˵ɽɽ͵ûˡ
˱ģصص˴û̫ˡȻ˴ͷĵһң˼Ҿʹ󷽷ϴ﷽ľȷʵ˸ϱ

ڵһҾǷҴ󷿡
˵ۺ϶ҵѾܾˡԴ֪϶Ͽʳ϶˿ūͣôþڴһ֧Ǵ档һСԵñůܿճǮȥˡ
öٶٺϡ϶ʲôûУ˸һ֮ͼȮ졣ʹźģүۺķһҹ˯Żûš

մ⡣ϺһֱӰȥسǿȥˣ˻궼ûһ

ۿǸļϿɲͼӴ׵˵

ҹܼЩ־òǹʮָմˮⱲӾ趼ûԸܻˣʳ

ó˱ϣֶ˵ˣֽš

ȷʵȷʵš

ָǹƵԸѧأƧģýҲ˼ҡ뱻תȥȻֺҡΪūΪ澵Ĳôġ

ᵽ⣬ʹɫЩѿҪǱ̫̫֪ˣָôۡ

ҵ˿

Ƕȿںδ⣿

سǰ뵽һسǴĺľ;ÿĵĿۣúܣһְô֮ǰϺǲӶӣҩǮͲ𣡡

Խ˵Խ񣬰ҹܼûסǱŲܴ̬ȥسһԡ

˷һǮæһ£ϢŵסϿ۾ֵˣŵҧһڣȷ˵ߣжüЦүģҿ϶ǰ㶢ŵģҪ϶һ˻϶š

Ǳлˡ˴Ӵʵβȷ˾ظ

˵ҲɣȥسһգŸպøҷϻӡ
˶ֻ̣һߵĹٵһС·պô˿ӱ޵صسǣһҲպڵϡʱŻشӣȻȥʳáʳʱ̻ûдȣʱ˻١

ϴ£ȥ㳦ʦֵܼй顣

ɱ㳦¶ͦϵģô졣ʱͲˡ

ĺܿ죬׮º֮ǰžٶšʵɱͰæʰĶ̹Һˣ͵ŶһʼɣҷģҶźˡ㿴⼸ǸĺӣǴ˾ֱ´ȥ

ãŶʡ˺ܶ鷳վȥףЩҪ³֮ǰװꡣ

ȻЩ㳦ԭԴҪˣЩ˸ˣҪġ˵ٽ㳦ĶԽԽ
ǸԱⲻǲͷר㳦ӣſھҪǧԭķƹҲֱ˵ϼҵسǿʳӣҲҪǧǽǱԱƹүſҲǧ°ӸɱҲ಻ô㳦˵ʵ۾Ͷ˶ڴЩ

ȷʵǸϵúܣҪ֮ǰ㳦װãƵöҵ֡

ʱֺңã󲿷ִڼèﶼûнġܵϴ㹤һʮҲʧһ׮¡

˺ңҲȷʵࡣſﶼҲ˵㰲žǡ

գһ˴Ҵһ˴ͬʱЪּҲڿʼŵ䡣ҵӵļң˵ӣһӰûС

ּĥԭ϶أɢȥׯȥҡҲҵسǡسʳǺܺôģʳúܡ˶ʳĲ˺óԣ̲úȣʳĶ˳ټˮ顣óǱϣõ׼ȷĻشһ˼æȥʳݷá

ǵһ·У֮ǰϵʳ

ܹûţ𾢶˵ưҼ͵ţ¾ȥѣǺš

ûеõ϶Ļشصš

ԼĪһӣһƾ˵߳ҹܼȻϵ˵ǵеġһۿ˲򵥣̬ȸصõ˺Ժ

ƹȣ͸һӡѾ˵ƣƻͨ¡Ա߶һДĹӡ

ķſŵĶ˽ҡҷ

һ˫۾΢΢̧𣬵ؿ

û˵ȴһ˵ƾѹͷҹܼķ·ҪĳڼԶԶؼһΣλߵ

ȵȣλѾѳְôô᣿ô

ˣԽɽɤ

˷·һ˲ģǣ

ֻѻƵ۽޻̧һ˫ӷ·ܿġ

˲ûסϥһȥǸԼĪڹ˸ǰǿҹܼǰһһ񣬽ǴеĿ

һ䣬ֻϷһҳʱһƬš

ҹܼҴŵʵ֪ˣҼҹ⣿

ڡܹ廹ûָȻһǣϵ˿ڡֻ̧עͷˡ
Ƭ̣˶һ࣬δ̫١

˶٣˸ȱ첲ȵֺһЩ˸Ļ֪Щʲôĵģһĵ룬ն˱ԡ

Ķʱһ

Ǻ⣿ʲô˱ԣ˶ǾɲҲ˲̧ͷСشܹ顣֪ΪΣܾ˶ʮַ룬˸ɴӻͳһźһƵݵܹǰ
ǰдģ潻֮¡ǰҵļһա

ܹӹһۣսݻȥˡ

ȷȷʵǰˣܹ̬ȻҲࡣ

һЩԭ򣬼ǰǱڹУ֪ʧ֮¡ҹܼزܹ֮жԼҹάʵ֪ϢԺ˳Ѱ֪˴ԡҼҹʲôԱԵô

˻ͦģܹΪ顯飬ЦЦҪǸϵĴˡ

¶кιϵ

ΪػǮףŮݽŮຮ֮ص¥˹ݡܹ죬Ī˾˰أ֮ݾҲټ

Űˣ뵽ӽĻǣǹԣǹԡ

û£úöġ
ܹ񵭵һЦֻǼԱòˣ¼ǲˣϣǼ¡

ǲˣѵɵˣ˵ʲôӵĲ뵽Ҫذѹȫȫβشȥʱ֪Ǻá




103.  һ   ˫һ

˵õ˿϶Ĵ, ûű֮ǰô޷׷
ʱʱżҲ޷ۻԭֻڿջЪһҹֻܹƬ, ȥ١лܹ, ˳䡣

ǵûܹ˼ܼ˹, ̲סʣ, ͷ˭

붼ĹˡĪҪʶ, ұǡ
ҹܼҽѵˣʱҲĬˡ
ʵû뵽Ѿѳְİӻڴ˵أȥܼҶǴĵظλɥ, ֵǷꡣλǻȥܼҲҲҪһȷѪꡣҲû˼ܴҴļ嶷, ܹᵽ£ǴﵷҵĺլҪһҡ

̫̫Ҫˡ

صҹܼҾȥһšΣ鵽ʲôȻʵϱ

ʱѾһҡ
̫̫Ѱй, Ϊѯʰʧٵ顣Ͼʧٵ鷢ڽ, ʱȥֻа硣׷ʲô£ܸ֪ġȻ˸ʣּҵճΪλᷢͻտڲ̸ʵǲϵ

Һլ򵥣̫̫˵ö겻լ˾Ծ

̫̫ʱҲǴӴ߳þ¶
һɾķԽھԽ̻ɡ̫̫̲ס¶ǲǸϵ뵽, ̫̫ͻʮﰲ֪ĶѧСɡϥ£ӷ·ͶƵģⶼⲻʫ鲻ѧ岻ʮһ;ŸԼҸʥֿʲôʲӵĲҩ͵سӣǽƲϣ

ǰëˣڼ֮ʱʱñСΪ̫̫֡˽ﻳŮǷȥ˽ҲĲë˵ּҿкüӡ

ȵȣӳòΪͷŶŶֵİɣ

Ȼ̫̫²⣬ȴҲԸô˼ȥһʮŮֻʸôѣŮ̫ʶ̧٣

ĸŮ治֪øּұֵĹ˾ȻǵϣϾҪޣֻҪʱռȥ·ң̫̫ҲûޣּұֿǶõױ֣Ȼ׽Ķࡣֳʲô¶ҲһŮ֪

˵ţĸƲҲңѵܺŲɣ⣬Ҹ׽ãһд֣Ҳûʲôô

⻰˵ǣ̫̫Ҳôġ
ϲ̨棬һġų£ҲùۿŰ޵̫̫³һҲֻաҹܼѾҵþ͸һšôһµʱԻʣ

йأĲ㣡

̫̫һӵŹ뿪

ĿıӰԶͻȻеšԭʮþȲᱻֵ£̫ôһ¾С˲ʼԼǲǶԡǵ汻̫̫鵽ʲôǱߡˣ·ǱߵʲôʱƸƸ˫˻飬¾Ͱ϶ٲ¡

ҩ

ҩΪѾȻһ𱻻ֻΪ·췹¶ҩûɴϼǡŭ֮µİԭҪȥǰҪҩͲڸС
񼴱£ҲֻڰԺʹѾͷҩʱʮָӣ֪øлһǸúޣˡ

򷢸ȥջ·磬·ҵ׺ʱƸ

ôһҩ˶Ĭˡ⻰ͷ׼ȥ

סǱˡ׷ʣŪúҶżġ˸·ݸŶ˵ҵҪ

ҩľƳһۣȻͷҲصСܳȥ



ǿĹιǵϵƵۡ
һһ˾͵˴ͰҰкҼ˼òã󲿷ֶءҲ˩ˡɱ˴ӣ˰ĹʹӴͷɱ˴βŰҰǮϲӶڻЦ

ѡһ첻ܺãûһѩѩȻµĴ󣬶Ǹѩӡ䵽ϻϵһ͵ˡû취ѩҲøɡ֮ǰ㳦һն˷ѡ

ﰤҰտˮëʰ⣬һҵʮꡣ

˴˰æʰͿࡣٰ֮㳦ŮȫˣŮǸɻһѺ֡ʱԵñů޲౨˶Բסң˵ʱҪæѼ˶

߰ʮһæʰʮֻ治¶

һյĹ򣬰ͷЩȫʰʰڵɹˣ֪㳦Ĳ衣һ˳ֽⶼг˶Ҳⶳ÷Ҿڴӵ棬ȫϵҵԺﶳűǡ

ϺһæȻ죬ɴţȥϵҪõĲ϶˻ЩŮڴࡣ㳦հҲ±ѧϾѧûѧζ

ò˵˶󡣰ԭΪʮֻôҲüӰӵع죬˭֪յĹͶŴǱ͸šˣЩ򣬳Ҫ̵ģĶɱȥһʳ
Щ¾ǼǰģϴСպö

˵ӵĶѾ£ѾܴˡɱһգŴţæʵҪŰأһ˵˵

ӹԽԽˡɫҲ⡣ĹǺ񶼲һ

ӷ·ݾͻ˵Ҳܻ硣ʹˣƻеࡣ˵۾ģӹúãŶ˺üꡣң˵Ҳ׽СУұȥɻڼҴ

С벻ˡżҲûտһ£ڼҲ

˵Ż簲Ƿ÷ʳҲһţʦǰͽܹæŮ

Ҳ˵ṩõĸɻǲ˶ӵġ

Ҳ˵ŮżڷҴһٴûԹôóԵķʳĴףͺⶼҪǮ飬ɰǳԵ͡Щ˶޲ðɱҪæ˵Ҵ󷿵ķһŻźͷһɡȥˡ

ѩĴ󣬵ǶӵĴ;Ͳʲôһǳһŵصϣչ˸ĵַҵ˰Ժӡ

ͷãû˵Ĺˣڸڶص˸סˡ

ڵԺסӣԺصּˡּӺ͸Ĵ˼գûȷϢҵ˻ǺѡּǱ߻ҵ˴ȥɺͽ⣬شҲ˴ȥָһǵƤ
ⲻѩ컹ӵԺšҲŮⲻڿһɵˣȻ͸ץš

ɱ˵ϱͻȻôһס͸ʮɱȦһҽС֪ô£ſھġּ˱ֻǻɣӵΪӣҪ򡣷̣¾ŵ˿ӡȻһ˹ȥ

ּЩ˵ôСǸ˵ĹӡѲץˣ

ʣѾԡּ̧һͰˮ׼ڵ²֪ķϾͽȥһۣͿˣҾ͸ŶҲӣ

ּ֡ʪֱµķϻ˿ջ

һ֮£ǲŪԭڰǰѾϡڵԺӾǰġ϶˼գȻ֪ĶŪϢĴȥãײҵǱĹֻǲǹسǡ

ʲô˼
ּﰵãȻҺּҶҰŵġ˱ҵͱּҵ˼¹ҵĹϵּҿǧðҵˣǹϢˣ

ˣͷĸСƵģǹǰջ˴ڴأ

ּһȺ£ʱ۾ˣڴûм٣

ǧȷϵѾ÷֮࣬ǰ϶ҹ㳦أ

һӣվ²˳٣Ű˻ûһѱȥԹүǱҲ˸

˵ţ¼˾ŷӱҴȥ

ŻּѾҹùӰæյɹɵЩ񶼶ڷҵĲֿԭŶ࿪ڸУÿ԰ӵ㳦ͷ㳦ζȻһ㳦ָܴһг

һѾʽ㳦Ҳ˲١ָʹ˼Ůæĥۡϡһߵƣŵĥ˻⡣

ڶֳճɱȵһɺ̫ࡣϺǰЩʱպñãҪչ⣬Ķصİٶôſһһ꣬һꡣ

ּҵʱһۿһæµӰ

æԭֻּù졣СǱΪһʮָմˮĸҹŮʮʮܻ꣬⡣

ûнţǵſסˣ᲻Ҵˣ

ǽεεӣַſڣλ󣿡ʵ̫ˣԼҲ˵ıãҪȥô

ʵϣһԺӾͱſڿŴһæµܳܽˡźͷҷشӣܹģܽܳ˸šǰˣϽˣҪðŸ档

ּԥƬ̣ҽʡ

һͱܳǸסˡܳǿɲʲôӦˡǶܼҰܼҴùˡ仰˵˾ڰŸǰϵ׶Ҳ֪˵ʵЩͷԵĻõԵʡ

뵲סּЩʹӣײġ

Ȼּ˾ôסˡּ˶ûŵŴѩͻȥϡ

Ȱ֪ǽǱߵ֮ʱ춼Ѿˡʵ˵ӵһ˫ĵ۾ȻǲٵġҪſ˵Ѿ氲ŵ鷳
ǵģŵģһֱܻܿԭ¡˵Ů磬ȷԼܲùԭ¡ǼúԭԭĸӲãô̼һСĺˣǻŲȥ

үүΪʵڲԸ˼ҵġңҪ

ðɣǲԣϾһҪѻԲԲĺѡһİ˵ףұ֤ԼԶ¶š

վͻسǰɣ㳦װãҲûسˣҲ֪ôˡ

Ϻ޲̫ȥȻǵ̯Ӧ˵ʳ̯س÷ǳ𡣵ϾǳϦϷڴꡣȻڴسǰʳ㣬ٸһشӡ

үҲҪҲǣĲؾݾʳţ￴ܲȳӸǰá

סģҲţҲѰš

Ǵһͻسˡ

ѩ·ߣһ·̣ŵسǵʱ춼һƬǸһſſڣͿյƵĵšϽˣðѩٵȡҲõ˶ãݳȥסŵʱƤոһ䡣

߿߿Ȼǿ䰡˭Ҳܿů¯ˣ

ܹ°ŤȥЩסСԽԽϧˣ

һ磬ůһ¶ã

Ŷ뷭ˡʵҲ붯ͷۣԴԺһСʱӲڵ˭˭᣺ÿÿ

̲סЦˣ§ƫҪѱϡ

ԽЦ΢΢صŲЦʲôЦӶڶ˱§ڻҶֻԼԼ

һźЦ˿ڣҹˡ

ٿһû˵

һָֻĺģ£Զ֪ġ

ٿ©һģ˿ڿˮװܹ˵ʲôӣʲôԶ֪˵ʲô

ܹҲûвֻЦ֮㲻£ҡ

ųĬˡ

һƬšڵҹĻУֻ֨ѽ֨ѽѹѩŵ޹ģ죬Сĵشܹ顣

ãŲź̽һ㿪˿ڣ㶼֪ˣ

šܹɤ嵭شʮֿ϶

Ŀһ

ǡ㶼֪ʲôģװ

ܹȻֹֻס޳ĸ첲ţǱѵõ

ãŵҲʲôֻһ˵Ŷѡ

ᣬֻİһȴ·һһ˲˰ŵġɴ۾Ϣ

ЦʲôֻҪڣκ˶ܶô

û˵

ã˿ڣ

ţ

ָǾͳװɡðɣĶˡ




104.  һ   ˫һ

صʳѾʱ, Сѩ
ѩڽݵĶ˵ֻƽݵĶʮնѩűܹ뱧սʳͼＸ۰ͰͶİˡȰû, סĿˡзĺӸ, ʶ⼸¾ҹİˡ

, Ƕɣ

뵽·ϸĻ, תͷɻؿ

Ǵ󺺻Ǳ羯Ե, 㰲űֵİҲûù졣վڰԶĵط˲ϵ, ǰװ׾ģŵһĶʱͷֻĿ䵽Ȼ氲ŵѩܹ, رùŹ֡

ߵԼҵĶǡ

ȻѾҵˣԻظϸ˼һˡܹܻԼľٶɫ, Ÿһ, ۳Ͷ١ʲô˵ȥЪϢɡ

ҹܼһĪš

Ÿϵйü۹˾Ƴһ׵ֳ̧˳졣ܹһ㶣˳ƾ͵ͷ˳ָ˸üۣü֮ѾЩ˵ѩˮĨ֪ѩе˶ãͷҲһδѩ

Ŀ⽻㣬Ȼǡܼҵλ߸ϵ۾û뿪Ƕ, Ե˳ŰŵĿ⿴ͷܹȻص˸߹ͷ­

˳־͸ͷѩŪ

ҹܼҿԼҶֶ˼Ұүͷȥŵ˶Щľ

㵽˶ã䰡»ؼǵô¯ſ֪ΪеЦܾԼ֮ϵƷ汼æͣСϱƵڵ

˵ţЯȥ˺Ժ

ľ˵İܼҵһݡ

ݣдţдŸߴ̫̫

䰲ߺͺǰһַ졣о·ҵĵһơٽŰɵ·ƭңʼʩϡͿذԺֹһš̫̫û뵽ᷢƤӵ£Ҹϣ

ֱǻˣ˶

̫̫۷ͷ裬˴뱲Ӿûмô֪ܵˡѾͷϥ£ŮˣҰѴ

¶ҪǴȥ˵Լһӵˣ

̫̫뵽ĿŮԺ󱾾ⲻҪ˷顣Ĳý԰ά棬ĿŵظH£ֻ潼˲Ÿɵó£ǹټҹŮǸŮܸöɣ

첻˵ͷֻ֪ӿ

޵Ҫû뵽ԼǱ̫̫׽˸šԭĴ㣬Ӱס··ҾȢš
ʵϣ񴦾ΣգҲ¡ѵ֪оۣβĿŵƵڰ·ԽԽԶǰ̫̫Ժ͵ܼѾŵټҲ˵Щºܿסˡ̫̫֪űĹƫĵָ̫̫Ҫ

ʮ꣬ɲˮһա·ҲðסΪ·ȢţСζҪ

ǵģʧƻȲˣ·жֻСϾӲˡ

ô㻹ôŮҲˣҲˣôôһ㳤ûУȻʲôĸ׾ʲô֣Ǹϴ澵һģһ

ĸҲô˵ѵҲǰˣ

޵ñǲ֪˿˻ΪǶ̫̫ĸֻжŮҸԸͷģǽͲհ

סڣסڣ

̫̫ĿһôȥԼɵH£ʳˣԼ½˿ϻƫģˣˣҹؽ첻׼ݳԵģ

Ҷҹ˭ǸҸͳʳҹȥҵҪû˰Ҹӣ㻹Һ̫̫мֶηˣֶӵֶζǴԸµū澵ġȻѾ֣ԸûƤûûĵˣֶ۲
͸ϲ̨жԸһ㲻ҿЩǰҾǸԵ̫̫òŽոŮʱȣϲݣ

ֱֻ̫̫£һԵĳĬ·ҲⲻӶ

ĺҲųЩ¡ֶ̫̫ˣһ仰˵ֱ˰·ͳȥ

һߣ̫̫һֵˡŭʹ˴

·̫̫Ӷ̵Ŀڷ·ѹ˴ʯͷһ㣬˼˵û˶԰ϧҲסôӶıơ·У͸ԺͨûǸʵЪ˹ж⣬ǡ

ξ޲۵İ̫̫̬ȽȻ෴Ӷ˵һ仰ϡҵԺܻصô

֪Ҳ֪ô졣

·įػصסͷ˯աԺһ·ҿЩľԵĽˣʹʰңҪȥݣҪҰŻƾٿЩ󲻳ܾ콫һа죬Ҫˣ

·ҵʹӶΪˣǸŮ̼÷ˡһ治Υ˼һ͵͵ȥŻ·ҡ·ھǵһһʮдмĻ·ҡ

Ҳ˵·ݸߣּڸַԺ¶ĳʧʼĩûг֮ǰܾ飬һ˶

ֶβܣҲɾƨɡ
˽ӻؾǣּҵĶȫûߡ֮ԼͼѾߴȥ˺ּҡּҴ˽ԺＸʹһٿ򣬺ܿʳ˲ٶų֮ǰǳ븮լǸûִ̫̫ܵס

ǸţҲ˿ڹˡּҶûйϵһŵóˡִ̫̫ҲͿ˳ŰĸǱ߲飬ȻǸˡ

ҲôŴϹϵĸԸµġ

ִ̫̫þֶξ˲ŵ졣˲Ҳ⡣鵽ϰʧٵѾܽӳժģǶǰԼҵ¶ܲţðԸȥģ

ּҲ鵽زȻưͿּҹȻд¹ӦùֵĻǰԼҽ޷һŮ˼ô󣬵ҲкŮĻǵظּףǹʹּΪŵңӦ÷ʰҵֲǣ

ּҲִүӳȥǵǸץЩ͹ȥҶšּʱܵķ裬ǵֻ

ǺͽѾһң䰲ߣʰʳ顣ֱӽʳš
Ŵɲִһ½ѾûˡʳصϵʮŴȹšʮ糿ܹؾݵүһԭ򡣶ǴЩõ׹档

Ӱ漸ֹû뵽СȻ徻ĸڣүӹ÷ھﰲݶˡ

ǰӶࡣܽͷҪǣĸ̫óˡ

˵꣬Դžžһơ

æ졣

֨ѽ֨ѽѹѩߣ޴ȥȻҲǸһȥϻҲҵ˷Ҵ壬Ȼ֪ǱǸʲôӡ˽ǾǵõǽĹסģۿŰӶסãȻû˵

һˣҵˣȴҰѹȰȥ

̬ǲ簲ӾģƺȷʵϵˡϵˣҲࡣǳƵӻ࣬Ҳˡǰ̬ȶ̫ǿӲǨ͵̬ˣһ־õĳ˷˼

һѧôõĳգοⲻǳյ⡣
ⶼ÷ˮ˱仯̫ǣȴƫƫڰӶһ䡣˵ﲻǶҲţûгôƵˡ˫ûзֱ͸ﳤһģһ

ֲΣȻֻжŵ˷Ը˵

ҾһճĹȻǿøƵġ˵ļ£һ˿д㱨ǡҵô飬ȻǵһʱдŻȥ

ڰŵ״Ҳһһʮʵ֪

Ҳ˵̫̫յţ˵òࡣſˣӴ۶Բơ֪Ůû£ڽҲй໤̫̫˵ŲӲҪȥ¸㡣˲ǮлӣŮ衣

ɰѰɸŵòᣬѩһƥȥɽ½ˣ̫̫ô

̫̫˷ϲ¾ˬɽʱġ

ʵڷĲ£Ȱ˸һֱӴֱ֪ϢһͷȰŪ˵˻ˣҽơ˻صŷġ

𣬲ԸҲĪҪ̫̫ԼŮӣƲã׳¶ҵ괺Թȥ

˵̫̫簮簮ΨһŮǨ͵

ôҲаҲûŮˡȻ绨ѩ£ӹó첻ѡżҹ˾ʱҲŮҲιܼҵǷţ֪ĹˣʵڷĲ£չԼ׵ĸչܵ˵Ѿͷʮˡ

һζȥʮĹﶼɴˡһ㾩йŮʮ˵ףʮޡʧٵˣ»û䡣

ӻҲ˵ס

⻰˵ģ̫̫ݺݵذһۣû¾ңʲô

ȻЩĸȴʮТ˳ĸ׳һ䣬Ҳһ졣ʵʵذһ˵ǰͷ·ĸӶ˻˸̫̫ۡĲܿͺˡ˸Ӿ㣬ŰǱ߿޿ˡ˳ֻ۱ֻˡ

˹Ȼ˳˺ܶࡣ
ûԹ˵һγ˼ζɰŵòᡣǰԳʳģ㶼ӡһָյƽͣ˰Ժֲͣˡ
µ׵ʱ򣬽а緢һ¡ԭȸ·װУԴƵ·¶ԼµбųաԴ³Ժ󣬾һֱ׼ҲȷϾŵһ궼ǲȵġ

żҽ·һ³һĴҽָ׼

գףװ븸ҽԴ̫̫ιȥ׶̬Ⱦ䵭ˡֵ˵Ҳûʲôá

һΪԼûл¶ģҹܼǱվڵˡ˵Ҳ֣ץյǷȼĳȥȴΪѩˡǺҵȼĵܼ֮ܶҵſǼĵˡ

ˣżһ鵽ģнּҼԼּ˻мվҪϢ




105.  һ   ϳȥ

ֱ͵̫̫ϵ, ͵ʱҲڡ
֪ż𿪣ڽЩ鱻ͬʱ֤, ڰ˶Ĳˡ̫̫˱, һ, ǱŭҲӡɰɵ͵̫̫ûάס, ŭ

һӷ绨ѩ, Ҳû¡֮УǰѵŮȥຮ֮صļԺŮǵһ˵

̲סżؿı, ŭѵͬʱлŵʵԡ

ԶŮʹŮ, ƽȷʵֵһģֶһġźʱ˵˵⼸ŮĻ˵ĴŮ׽ЩЩϧŮˣȴ׹⡣˵СĽһЩҲƤǳ

ĸ, ĸ, ᲻Ūˣ뵽ʮС֪ģҲдġ

ǱλģѵҵĹﲻɣ

ˣˣѴҽй

֮ʱ绹ĥôð붯̫ҽû뵽취ͱͻȻӸֱؼ

Բס˴̫̫㡣

⧲֮»궼ҪŷˣУǸʲô˭׼ǽģſң

̫̫ԺӵˡȻϵá̫̫ȻƫģԺ˶ǺܹġͻȻɷ׽ס, ɲİ约£Ǹôң

ҩҩȥǰԺҸף˵̫̫Ҫɱңң

ҩɨѩӳʱЩľʱҲֻɨѩĶͣһ£ֻ߬ɨİ֣һ

˶٣ּɨѩͼͱϴܵϳԺӡ

Ҫʲô

ҸǣһָͷҶǵ֣
ŵɫѾҰף֪ǷĴ֮ԼСʹ
翴Ժľګҩ֮Ѿ˲ϽȥҰɣȥ֪ͨܵȥ

ˣҩװơžһɨ㣬С״ȥԺӡ

ʵԤУòǰŻ˰ɣкȻðһ˿˿ֻţƤͣʵ֪Żŵһ¶Լ;ֲźáһֱŽңּҺͰҲˡ

Ͼֵطôҵģһ·һݾϰţʱֲȷˡ

ֻԽԽ亹ʪѡֱʱſʼڡԼҪԸŲΪһʱ֮ǵôưġ߹ݡǵÿŶ೾ǻظЩûЩ֮ǡ
кڣȴҲܻصǸʱһֻܱŽԼû֣ƫĵźȻ衣

յԺӣ̫̫ŭ˶֪Ǹ˶û뵽ɳ£

̫̫վýżˣСС֡ݸ촽пʱ򣬳ԻԼҽòθᡣĵѾͷȻ˴˷ָԼຮ֮صHȥ⻹ô𣡡

̫̫һѡ
ԭΪᱻֵ飬ԭΪ޷飬ȻǱ˷ˣĶ˲סɫɷףڼ̤ڵ˲Ȼҵ

ҲȥǷſң岻ʣҪ򣡡粻Ҿˣֻѹɤӳ׽첲ŭ𣬡ǸҶôҶǵ֣

ӸвӲקؽϽݡ

⶯ĸʱɫһѿ̫̫ɫ࣬Ҳ˶١ڸϣ̤ڣһӾͳݺݵļʱҪࡣ̫̫ϧغȵҹ£

һһԲҲؿ

һ͵ؾһ

ȻͿ̫̫һֽݺݵҵϣǸŭģ·һֻŭĸʨӡĹð죬޲ý˺ˣ㻹кλ˵Ҿ㣬£㻹кλ˵

ץϵţһĿʮеؿ꣬һӾͰˡ
ֹסزû뵽ԼЩ飬Ȼ˸׳졣һֱΪԼͦģǸǸˡּҺͰҶûйϵܻᱻּ˾ȻץˣǾȻǸӸץˣվҪǣ

嶶ɸһƬհס
һƲסţһʾ֭ԲߡµȻǲܳϣǰҲܳϣⶼ

ĸףЩǡּΪϴӳֶΣȻֻѻ˵ó˵ʲô츳ǱȻǽƱѣô£ţһŮ˵ŮЦЦûôģ

㻹Ʊ磿̫̫ؿھ

ĸ֪㲻ϲŮٲϲŮҲŮκ˶¶򲻿ȶ񶾵飡

޵һѵģУĸףֻ˵ּ֮ʱּҿøһţ첻еصزӦԼסԺӶȥּҸ͸·ҵ檣Ǹ뿪ּȥı

϶ּҵߣȻǶҵģ

ּүųµĴվ׷ȥˣȥ£һ沿ȫǵʬָ˵ţ˭ʲôּŵţ˭֪ǻ᲻ڽͨʲôˣðһߵŮͷϣ
缤ߵĸףҸǴϹͷŽ׽ãһپһġʲôôҳ˻ᱻĸ͸״ã˰ҵʲôô

⻰˵ʵ̫̫ȴôš

治ңǸʲôӵĻ϶˽˵ģƽŶʮʲôˣ

̫̫밲ɶһۣ̫̫ɫû䣬ɵüͷȴ

˵ʵҲǲŵġ

ŮʮȻżˣҲǶ෽õġһ𳤴󣬸黹г򵱳ȥּҲͬһȥҲûиҹġ˵ҲʮꡣһլʮСôϵӻб°ȥ

ɫݣһϲʱ޵øˡ

ڰֺʮ꣬ƷʵֲڵӣҲʲôģʱȫ˲滨꣬޵ҪǱжǱҪίͶί

Ȼˡ

̫̫ȴᡣ̫Ѿͷװƭıԣɫʱ

Ѿͷ˵ô໰һ仰šûкŵģ˼ּҾˣĽã˼ּҲŵ׵档ּ̫̫ΨһŮĺӣѵķּ˰Ѻຮ֮ص¥˹
̫̫û˰Ϊܸ·СӴϣյҩҲûǣŶС⡣Ϊһභ̫̫ȫŰܸɵóٵ¡

С¾ôˡ

Ĩᣬ޵¡ҲҰƵ̫̫ͷϣеĴִ̫̫ĸͷϸǡٵһǵֱ˵û˽һֱҡִ̫̫Ҳȥǧȷĸ

ǸָѾץˡ

һ䣬ٿһ

˰죬˵ЩõĻ̫̫Ѿָˣָ⻹ǸŮأּѺӣվͻִﾩǡ

촽˸ɫѩס

̫̫һɫ̲סĺ䡣һȵɽѾͷһնˣ

⻹ûʲô͸Ұӡָôң̫̫й죬¹úܣҾͰѻ⣡ûңûԼɣôһڣҹ˯ðߣ

ĸףɶʱˣ鲻ǻûжô

ֻŰˣλö֪ɵһηִŮܲΪǰ㴿ҲǷκˡɱ˷ͷ֮ǰ¶ϰأܵðʼĩŪ۰ɣŪˣּ˴ִˣʹ߿죿

ҿͲʮʮ棬Ҳ.Ųʮ
̫̫ʮƶΪѾͷʲô⣬Ϊ޾ɻأֵǮĶ

ɻԥ̫̫ûôйŮģ㲻Ըǰɣ

˦ɵĲŭԸã

̫̫һޣһʲôȫԥūֱͣĸŮϳ˰ңЫĸŮҰһ

һ£׳ŵİߡ

û뵽̫̫ȫĽƱ磬֮¶˿ޡ˱ϳ⣬ž̵شףȾңĲң

˵ʲô̲סǰ׷ߵİ̫̫һϵȥ

ﻹ˵ϰ磿ʹغ




106.  һ   ˫һ

¶ʮС, Ǵѩ
뵽ȥһĿΧ̨εζҪķϺѵһڳԵġһ͸׼˺ϣšֱһΡźܸмǵġ, ¶ʮֻֽ, ûϰס

ѩɳɳش, ûз硣ûз̫, ԺһƬ׻λε⡣֪ŶӦ˽, ǲѩҪòˡ

ϷһԺϴǹϹģæĲֺ
ЩЩܼ͹, Щ¼Ҹ͹ġүڰ񫣬ҶءЩͽүӵ˻¼С͵Ĺ, һһĽ˷Ҵ塣ͷЩתͷ͸˷Ϸ޵Ժӡ

Ϻ˼գ޴ؾܾ

⣬ôŶýʳѡү̬Ⱥܼ꣬͸ڷѡүҲͣ糿ѵ硣ǰϲȥɽǿתת, ѩ·Ҳȥһ, ʱһ̺ȵֱ۾

ʵһЩƥУҲЩëɫƤӡ󲿷ֶǳʳҩģϷȻϵãӤֱ۴Ѿ͵ϲλϵõġôƷʵϲξкЩϷĿࡣϺӵֶƵûţ۾ȥƳܹ

ܹͷȻˣֻűǡ
ЩҴ˵ָͷ©Ķ㡣Ҳˡ

Ϸؽս, صؽһЩʳóдҲûпţŴظ̡óǸ

˺ЩиܳԵĶŴȥƷϲξ͸һꡣøɲž͸ʵʵġΪһЩʳҲû򿪾ˡҲ˵ȻصҴ򿪿ôƷʵһΣ󾪣Ŵѩ춼ҪϽ˵ү˵ҪʳʳںߡԾԼ˸С£ȲҪ˰š

ţҲѬ㣡

Ѭţүһ̺¶ǣθůģģ

ţ

׼Ĳ࣬Ҳøèèеûģϴϴ־͸һæ
˵ѣĩӺ񡣲ͬõ棬˰õ档Ҳˮ졣ȥʱžѾһΡǸеֵģʵͰҲϰ˳ʳϵǱҲǵµĻ

үȥʱûأȻûԵһ˵ͺڴһںͲŲѣ۰ôۣǲߡ

½Ҳ㿴游ڰûƤûģԭȻȣƤӶ̧һ¡ƤӲ̧ѧҲԲȵġϻһҹӵ֣øƨġóԵġúȵһû¡
ʶ½֪Ƶþ°͡⻹۾ͷϵľݵһô

ţһģһ

˵ʵŶº崿Ĺӡͦá˹ϵ׽żҲ˵仰½Ǹܻˣ˵崺硣Ӳѿ˶ʮҡҲ½Ĺ֮ˡ

Щ˾ͷ·̵ֻèҪâ

žνɡ

뵽̲סЦ˶зִˡ㻥̶Էе̬ͷȶûжżײһأ˶ǵһֳصҹӣڼƵĻʹűΥͺЦһЦܹûġ

Ǿͳɻ顣û취߳ŭԺһ䡣

ԴŴӦβ¸Ļʮܴ޴һѾָԳ׵ĻȵؾٶϵԽñԽŵ߻вʶȤСأԼ΢һ뿪ʻܲġ

ŴļУҲĬ˽Ķֻ֪ܵ׵˳ƶ¡Ҳˡ

ţڶһүӾѾܲסˡӣⶡڶĿתĵǲѾˣ

ڶȻġһæŰһͷҲ̧

ǿ䷹ôүڰԶӽӵһ治ɫضſڳԣϷЩˣ䷹

һ䣬۾бȥ㻹벻ˣ

԰ӣǽһ˳ڣҿٳԵ㣬ӳʲôΡ

ţ

ֱӰϳȥæʱ˭йڶ䷹

үӱϳе㲻ˡվںſڴӵ۵ģֱСѾͷϰס½ⳡѧ˼߲֣үһղŴ̸䶼ûԾžүҪ̻Ȼȥ

Цһ󣬷ҵԺӴűˡϺԺһáϽţӳ͵Ƥ

Ϻһ㶣۴Ľ˶ƲĳСĵһ䣺֪׳ʿǡ

׳˶ĳسϺסȻߵԱߣ̧ƿӣһͷ˼ҡ˵ͷѾȫף˿ľһ˫۾ӥһ۶ܽ˿ʣǷľô

ǣǵġϺͷΪͽģԺͽﲻϰˣλ

Ǿʿص˵ѰһλܵĹӡ

ܣҾһܵġ

Ϻʱ˵кö಻Ȼ󶮺ڲһҪȻ;

ľ벻ؽţǰ׷ЦЦ۾ڷľ̲һմմ뿪ɤȶҵȲѰ鷳ģͷľ֪ṥһ˵游ˡ

游һϺɫʱˡԾؿǰˣ游
游Ļʮ˰ɣźᣡ

ȽϺû뵽λ˵йϡ֮˼˾˸æذԺӴŴ򿪡λȽȥȽݡæأСҹΣںģȥȥ

⻰˵ܺ⸦Ͷһ£ȥģº껹˲š

ȻŷľһȳһյԶϵѩһͥԺľ˺Ȼ󲻳һϢĹɫµܹ˳ûн»˷·ɣԭǹɢԽĳȳˡ

ܹ߳Ϳѩվŵˡѩ˵ļͷܿһ㡣ǲ֪ڿʲô֣ó񡣵ܹ񿿽ۿܺ⸦ⲻ˲졣

游ôȻܼһˣû뵽ʱ游Թ

ܺ⸦תͷܹмºۼȴϡڿܹ˲䣬ĳֵĵĮԻЦ㡣

ܹ׸ĸ˫˵Ϊܼδļ̳߲ȱ̵ˡ¾߱ǷǵĽ̵游ˣѪԵ˲Ѱǰ׽ܹܺ⸦𾴴Ľܺ⸦ĺܾȡ

ݵ̧ܹһơȥ鷿

֮Ϊүʱס¼ӲϺּӸӡܹ񵥶ӣһ鷿

˵ںҹܺ⸦ͷȥ

ܹûΣäԶҳĻҸһæµΪȤţҹȻһ¡

ݾǰԺúܽ

˸ΣȻȳߵˡܹܺ⸦ӰѾȥ˲ˮˮǰɹƵĻ裬ݼ㡣ܺ⸦ŽԺѾܴˣʱ⻨赹ǾȤžǸӣ

šүӺȻ裬޴ֹ裬ȵǰŵŪķ̡

үδŵˣֻǴӰܽǿһЩ
жﻹϣλԹʵں棬ھ겻Ըʼҹϵĵճ￴еĹﵽǸʲô

豭ǳǳһڣĻڿǻ˶٣費

Ƶģáܹȵ̺һڣ̵üۣϢ

үһߵüͷһ£۴Цؿôϲ

ܹ԰ʱ̲סɬˣ˷粻

үӿ˰ûܴܹϿʲôֻ״Ȥ̾һȻűյƵغ˲衣˵Ҳڡ˾ͷ·Ƽˮƴһ㣬ԺŸԵĲˮֱܺ⸦ıӿˣźƺܸȤƳܹıӣȵʲô裿

Ҳ衣ܹɫģ˵ڵĻȴĪǷᣬŵ̡

үӣ

ţֺһڣΪҵĿζڵġ

ү۵س˳飺Сǡ

ܹ񣺡

үӣ

ĬĬһۣүӴͳһľķľϻӡ

žһŵϣ۾𴦵ܹȻŤͷүӹ˹ǣˡʱ游

ܹľֹľϻùȻش򿪿һۣϸӡ

ȻԼ䡣

˵ܼҲҪ̵λڸƷлʮҪġүһ򲻸ܹľżЩ黹ҪǲܳеڸΣ鷳ܶࡣ

ⲻҪ游ġ

ܹ±յһЦĺԺ鷳ûŮûͨҲоĲ׾졣ɻԺǻͳͳ뿪ܼҴլ

үһ£ؿ

ܹǸ˷粻ĳģϿ²͸뷨ӵܼҼʮڵģܾ̫ߣҲһ˲ͬ
¹ɣ·е鶼ࡣʮϾҪʮĵˣһˡܺ⸦ܾǰΪз磬ҲʾֻҪܼϿԽܡȻʮ꿰β磬ܼܼⲿ˶ǸĹˡ

Ĺ˿ˣֹ죺ľᱻܼ˽ô

ܱܽܣܽҲýܡ

үûҲûĵֻǶضܹһòŵЦǸСҹ

ܹû˵үվҸϵɣȥ

ųȥ

ĴѩţԺķϺһݵĲһȳһյߡѩ׵ĵǳһĽӡԺȻ󣬵徻һ㶯ܺ⸦ףǱʮ֡ļϵĻѩ˹ȥ

ߵſڣͿèһȺˡ̻æµϸˣһһͺˡүһ£Цºϣôڴ˴

һŸճοеү̧ͷüͷϽ˭

үļϵѩȥߴסſڵĹ⣬˲䰵һŤͷȥͿһͷ׵⵲ſڣĿڳԵĺ϶͵үӺͰ㲻¼Թ䵽˴̨תĹϡ

һ˫ˮҲƵһۣѩһͷںڵͷšһˮܽءʱüͷ΢΢ָһԵӣԱȥˡ

뱲ӱ˹ŵܺ⸦ʮһô˵СѾͷסˡ

үӣŲλáָŻڿεүӣƨŲضҪǶʵ䣬İȫϳȥְŵռط

ү㶵һƨү£ﱻ˸ͺΣ鶼Щɵ

үҲϳ˵Ѿ˳öʮ꣬ܺ⸦ǼǵõġҲͬˣʱҲǻ࿴۵ġүӸ첲˵ɵ㶵ǵߣϵСʳóԵĽ쳢ڿ

Ա½ЩΣԼ游ˣҲƤԡ

ܺ⸦˼¸첲ɻҧһڡ

һҧȥڶϸеԵƤڰʵ֭һȥ⡣ܼҼⱲûгԹֶģһγԣе㱻⿪θζޡΪ̣ٵؽ˼¾ȥععЦ

ţ

үƳһۣתͷʰҪһһȥζɣ

үЦ۾֪˵λǰţصͷȷʵ㲻

үЦеصͷͣˣϷҲò

ŶүƳһүԱߵˡ̧üۣ񣬷档ҲһΪεĶ֪ܺ⸦һ

λǼ塣

үӵһ꣬ҲǸͷ

ү´½壬½̬ʮǫѷֻջĿ⡣Ȼ¼ӵòʮϳˣ˽үӾñǲһصġЦݲ䣬תͷүӣû뵽Ӿߣ㾹Ȼûлص漮ݣ

ҶȻǻ漮үһ߳һߵⲻȾ񼲳Ѱҽô

үӼǰȾ¶ײ񣬻˼ȵഫܺ⸦˵ġ˵͢Сʵ˲֪ҽȥݸβûЧ˵ºȥоѵͽҽȫߣѾڵû뵽߾СطԲºϡ

Բš

ҲȫţүӺܻԼݺȥⲻˣѾͷײģϷǵʳ֢κˡ񣬳㣬Ȼ

үǿţүֹһ䣺ĻЩ

½ĹһүһҧϣֵﶼЦ⣺ʱҲҲ

˵ŻŰʢͳȥȻѾӣŻˡ߸׼ϴ֣үſھ͵ˣŰ䣬ͷðҪô罷ͷҲС

Դӳһζ罷ͷͷ͵ͷÿֻҪˣʮ֮.Ҫͷ

γȥȷʵͷǲͷ⣬ˣ

Ѿͷô£Ĳö˼Һһô˵ϷԱôˣϷӳԱ˻롣ͷż⣿ӶˡүظųƤɰүӸò塣
ϹŰʲôʱôûƤûˣղ˵һ仰ͷô

½εЦЦǿн͵游Դ˽ݣҲࡣ

˵ܺ⸦ˡѾͷ

ĥܹһõͷ߽治֪˶ãͷһѩſɫЩףӹľǣ̨ȥܹµ˲䣬˳־Ѽϵѩɨˣܹһ˲

ɫǼڵүģһЦԡ



ԸԵͷζҲȷʵºԵôĻһȺΧһʳүûй顣ʣҲеȤ

䣬·һպܿ͹ȥߵʱүӽܹгȥԵվѩáүֻһ̾ϢȻѾѡͲҪڡ

Ҳģ游ߡ

үӵҹߵģԺܹ˰ŵš

æһúܣԡͰ˯šѣæ˼ѾͿšȻֻǽſһ죬һյķǰƵĵƻӳİӣĴѩΪŲ֪Գ黹ôΣͻȻһʫ

Ȯͣѩҹˡ

ҿԽȥôţܹ۾ġ

Ŷ˶٣ÿ

ڵƻܹͨſҺͲմˮոű죬΢΢ƫͷ۾ǽǵһ飺һֱûкʵλ췢Ҹѡһ

˵ţӻóһľľϻӡ򿪣һ֧覵İΡ

ſеɵۣǲϲȫᰡƤβ췢̫Ϊˡܹһ֪ʲô̲סЦ̧ȡǸΣһֻסŵļתȥ˫£ͷ

Ϊ˫ֻ֣Ϊ췢˵仰ԼȺˡ
ҹɫҲƲ

ֻһ仰˵ֵϢͷĶȻ˲ͨ졣

ͷһۣͷŤһȥҿģʱЦˣʲôΪ򣬳ôԳΪƤԽԽˣ

ţƤײϱܹͷؿԼķ١

Ȼľϻӵ²㣬ȻٳһͬɫİָץŰŵ־ѡ˸ָ׽ȥҲպã

һ䣬Ȱ˵ܹѾת뿪ˡ

ʧҹĻ֮еȻţŲԲִ٣һĶôſԼŰָһָĴĴָҭô˽ָ״Ĵָģ

Уûˣܹ

Цһ̲סˡָֻһͼĵطи֡ժһ׭ġܡ֡˵ָͦġ




107.  һ   Żؾ

ܼү, ׮¾͵ڰ϶
ܹǲ̤ʵ½һղߣһв˵½ɫ, ܼҵȷʵ¼Ҫӵöࡣ̸ڵĲ֮, ˶ǷǶ, նֱֵ׵, ǶȻϲĶǵӡ̫, Լһʶຮ֮Ϊ治һӮù½塣

ɻ黹ӳ顣ܹĴڽݶ, ٻؾǲٰˡ
䲻ɻ˼򣬵ȴûиһĻὫ̸źÿŮһֻһ, ʮױҪ׼õġ

Ѿڳﱸ֮Уֻܹ塣˼ȥǾȥʡһˡ޴ԴϴΰζͻʡǣԼҵĳ̷ƺֶ񻯣в֪ܷ񰾹ա޴ʱ뿪ʡǣֻȥһˡ

¶ʮһ, ǰδе֡
¼, ҴŴ͹ҲйŹһЩɴʦ߸ͽȫꡣСū¼źʹӾ롣ȻҲʮˣŸɴһȥϵʳֹꡣ

һҹ¶¼ûò˵˶֡˼ҲĹأʲô˵˵ˡ˵ͦ˼ġ

ֹһ, вסʲȥĥ

ȥһȻæµջСһİڻ¡
ϸϸһ㣬۳ĳɱŵıﾹȻҲǧˣԽԽѾʡǴµʱвʡǵľ¥ʳ䰲ѰţҪѧ¥Ҳ߱ĲɫʳףԳɵķʽǩԼ

˵ʳʲɫɲ٣йΪȻ㡣㣬һΪĲҲʮѾȣʰҲû˼Ǵ˴ǰĥ¶Ȩ

йִġͼһǲܵġǸ¢ϣĳӺڵľһƴĹ̡ڶã붼롣üճѾԼС˼ˣרȨķʽȥȴǿԵġ

£صܹϸ̸
ûбĽ飬ʵϣ㰲¢ϣܼҲ֧ŵġȻܼҲ͵Ȼ˳뷨ı

ַʽСڰڴϵ츳Ǿ̾ġ

ŵȻ֪УûôˡҪĵǹŴûвȨʶֻרȨα֤ôž̻ƣûص̷

֪Ŵҵ޼ֱд֧ţֶ̱١

ѣܼҵ㹻ˣβô

ȵһ̱ꡣ

̱ꣿ棬ܹһ

һʳͼڸաżǵþдС嶼жԼҵļһգּһֻڹ֮Уƽͷջûʶ仰˵ڽ̱Ʒƣž̻ɽկҪһֶΡ

˰ŵ˼ܼȷʵ㹻Ӱ߻ʵԶ󲿷ְղʶ֡ҪϿ̱רҪټҿ϶

Ҫصĵط涨ʲôʽȥºѡ

˵䰲صûô¶档ȻԴչͣؽ䰲أȴûдߡһоͻԭƶߡ
˼Ȳسǵ̻򽻵ҲûйĵũҵΨһֳͬģԼǸصʫͶ˲ٵ顣ʱʫƷѧӵʫƷΨһеĵԺľ¡·ûѧʶ˲ཻƵģ¼ĸ߰

Ƿҵ֧ܹ˾Ͳһӡ󣬡ΪظΪ²ѣ׮ҰģԻȥ졣

ܹô

һֱûعܹЦЦңҪҳ棬ֻзʽ÷¡

ܹȷʵǷĵġ˵ɸ߶Ժͷи̰үأүӵķɲᡣ֣Ҳѡѵǣ趨̱£

ʵڲửСʱܻʻʻĴûˡ

ܹüģ̲סЦ͸ѡ

֮⣬ŵ뷨ǡɫһЩ˷Լ˵ķʽȥԭϺʳġ˵ˣ㳦㳦ȶ罷ͷ˵ҲȥҪʳĲ

ʡǾ¥ʳ븴ĳɹҲв̻㳦̻˵㳦Ѿԭһʱգ߻Ϣͺʡǵ̻ʱŷӦ
ӦûǮ׬ʡߵгҲȷʵûпЩ̻ʡҲһӰģȻǿԡǢ̸ʱ򣬰Ųžµ˲á˵ȷʵܶ¶Ҳְ⣬ѾֲȥЩ¡

ˡſйǵǿ˴룬кʵƼô

ҪˣܹͷȻ˵ġֻĿǰܼҵƼӡУֻܰнУɣȲʮʱÿ˳ֵľ

۾һ̲ס˹ȥϸһ£лҲǵģɵúãĶ࣡ǾҵͼŹǣ
鶼ԣܼҼڲȷʵӣ˲ҲȷʵǶࡣ
б˰£Ż᲻˼ͲͬˡʵϣûдӦŵĴȥݹūĵطŶԴ볯͢Ļò̫һūѺ򡣱æ취˭ֱ֪Ӳˡ

ʹ֣Żȥū֮ѡѡϾӹūѡġõĻѡһأ

ķټҾū澱ūĺ٣󲿷ֻϵһ£ھͻᱻȥܹµС㣬Ϊﾫĵ.̵ū澶ʮġƷкܴᱻʣ£ܼ©

šһǶô£

ﲻһͿ˼㲻ôϲһūţ水˵ǿˡ

ţū澶ôô

ôңū£ʲô

ϥĬĬһֲү˵ڴô֪ŸоеˣҲûоԼĲж󡭡

ѧֻ֮Ҫôˡܹͬͬ£Ҫ̫Ϊסˣͷԣʶ֮ͷ͹ˡ

˵Ҳǣʱš

ĿοҲſġ

ͻȻ÷ǳæײβʱռˡŲ֪ڰæʲôÿؼһƣүӶĽӵеĴߴż³һ뿪ʳ

֮ǰүӴǧ㳦һ޶罷½Ұţݸһľϻӡ

Ŵһֻ

ȻŴ֪ʶѷŶٻֵ֪ܸŮӵĺ塣½˫Žľϻ˻ȥ

ˣ½еĹȥþô

šָָͷϵİΣˡ

½Ĭãְѱ͸ţ͸㣬⣬ֻ㼰֮áǽڣ¼Ѱҡ

˵һ䣬ɡ

ߵôæ·ֵķһӾ徻

ŻûüпܹһβڣڷҰõİһÿ˰鷿šҹܼͨһ˰ŵǰ˫ָ߾һţݵŵǰؾǿɣ̫̫Σ

͵һ⣬Ĳ߻̧ͷ

ҷ˴¡ĸŮ̫̫ϳţġΪ˱̫̫ͨˣ㱻¥˹ݣǲлȣ̫̫õѪιܼ˵¶˫Ŀͨ죬֮ȥɣ

ŵǲںʲô̫̫Ѫüͷô£

ţš

ǰдġ

ǵͷţһĿʮеؿ꣬ȻһվȥȥҪؾ




108.  һ   ˫һ

鷢ͻȻ, ŻǼǵú̫̫ڰʧٵȥȻûдŴܲµ̫̫״̫áѪ֮˲, ܲô̼СֶǺξİŲ֪, ̫̫Ӳܡ

̫̫ǡšΨһںˡ

ռˡš, Ȼظб̫̫ΡԭĴǰվ, ٳھǡ, ûаԭľС֪е׷ıʣŮȻ̫̫˺Ƥ⣬Ǿȥһˡ

سǵ̴ʮһտšʳȵô, û³˾ͿֻȽسǺߵⰲźãԼ氲Ȼؾǡ

ܹ, ҲҪߣߵһûˡϺ뷽һ¿һǾͷ·ʧȥĹһоֻš
Ϻ۰Ͱ͵ؿŰţֿ˿ڣڣţȥã

ʵʰŻȥԺ󻹻ô
ŵļ, ļҲҹȻҷ֪һջ뿪, һգǻЩԳܡ

̫ãߵ𲽡ǵ鴦ұ
ſŵģ̲סһ
˵ϺĵһˡǾˣҲˡĸԸġǿ, ʵҲԸؾԺŹȤŷǮԼ仰˿ӣ̫̫ҲˣʱͽѾܽս˵㲻̫ġϲڳʳ̯Ժڱǡ

˰ſ϶ĻϺĶ

²˳١żǵ̫̫Դһ겻ȥˡǾ鷢仯˼ǰȥ˼ˣ̾һ˲Σ

⣬ϺʱɫТ˳ˣΪТ˳򲻻ġ

ôˣô˵Ϻæʡ

Ϻôѵùһֵ꣬һҲ˲⡣ѾһǰݸɱĺģҲû˳顣ʱȽŲ㣬Ҳе㸻үģֻƣһĴ
ʱڰߣһȳһսģðžʮůλ˵ѪԴѾһʱˡ

ϺһѪæ޴ҽȺôεĲκˡŰȥ·ʡͣһ£ܲ붯޴дû취޴а취Ρ

ŵͷģԻᰲš

ܹڣȽݹܡܹԻŲȥߵʳʦͼͽܡǸԹ㳦سߵʳʱ񣬺ͽɡ

ſٵذźһУձ䰲˻ؾ

ŴߵñȽϼһ·ȥǿӱޣִ̡ﾩǳ֮ʱŶоԼ궼ҪƮǡ˵֪Ŵ·ƽ̹Ǻֻú뱲Ӷˣоβ׵ǹѾˡ

Ͼ͵ˡιܼһ·ǳԲ·ۿŶһȦ̫̫֪Ҫš

Űڰ֣ʾ˵̫ࣺء

ſڵʱſѾڿˡӣʮ˾Ĺ߬ⲽǰŵŮȥּ˴ˡûиȥġǸ̫̫ԺſڵȣʱһϵιܼңϽƵɫʱϲ̨׾ӭ۰Ͱ͵￴

ͣȣһִֻһԲĹȥƿŰ

˵˿࣬ЩˡԶԴ䵭̬ȲûоΣڵܰҡһһӽϾĹſɡ˷Űȥղ֪ʱѩյľǱϱӵľҪöࡣ

̫̫ڵˡಽظߣԼؽʱոзһһʮ˵ᵽʱ϶ڻʱգ̫̫˲

ʵ·ιܼҴ˵ͷȥ˰̫̫Ժӡ

ҵĸۡռغܹ㣬˶ĸ򡣹ŴΪ󣬰̫̫ԺϷԼĪһӲŵһݣһŨҩζ˱Ƕ
˵ʮů͡ŻûüܣͿһĨἲӭԶĵطվ۾ϸشšһֲʮصģʱ̲ס᣺ܿˡ

Ųϵ̬ӦǺ׽ˡǸĹǰСһ䡣Ų֪̫̫ѾߣҲչ֡
һİʱͱסᣬæͷŤһߣû¾ͺˡû¾ͺáЩȥɣ̫̫ͷأҽƣ

һһðŸоڡԼǴɡ

ңѾ˵ơŴһأްúܡһݰžŵһɿɬҩζһݵ̫̫
ͷͷһ룬ͷһĨԴʱŴ֡

ȥ̫̫ץ־ͺһ˫۾û£û¾ͺáѾͷúݵģȥһ˼겻ǲǷǵûң

˵ţһͿ

һɴ۾޴ؿȻ̫̫˹һѱסһĴһصؿޡŵľ϶ʪˣðŻعסСĵģ̫̫ݵֻʣһѹͷ֫ţŪðŶĪر

ĵѾͷ̫̫޵ֱãҪ˵Ҫˣǲ

Ų֪ô˵ֻĬĬذһٴ

ſ˺һ̫̫Ъ˲֪ʱ˳ȥֻʣͼ׽һĨᡣ
̫̫ſţմòŸпһ䣺ˡ

ãȷʵˣʮǳγʱ򡣰ԭȴֻһļȥһθʮףһʱ̫̫ĻЦһûݣֻǳˡ棬ʵûԶٿ࣬ĸ̫˻

⻹û̫̫ܿࣿҲǺúŪģһסŵַ־ѲۡȻڳӣȴҲЩֲڣֶڳʲô˻ûܿࣿǸѾͷǲ׷Źģ

˵̫̫̲ס޵ҧгݣ

Ůվȥɳݶ̫̫˺ݶģȴûԼôݶˡǶǵȲˡ£ԽĸŮϳȥȻϳֶۡҲʩС͡һû˶ûնǸеϵ̫̫ΪѾţԲţЩ˼ȴ֪ô

Ż·Ѿ˵˴ţô»һ֪⡣
յ˵ŮʱѾ޸·Ӧû»ڲŶԡȻԾļģ壬µ֪ġ·Ǽ¿״Ԫں²㱻鸮ļҶ׽֪н޲ⳡ־硣

ĸŽݼǵúǼꡣ֮Ѿ޵·ңӦԶڽꡣôͻȻܵǣɢҥ԰̫̫Ѫ

ŵɻ󣬰̫̫ǽһ﷢鶼˵Ӱʧּ˼ðдŰҹҩ·ҵճɾͺȴЦ粻·ȣɸǿнӻȵ֣İĿࡣ

ȵȣǣ·ҩⲻ԰

ԭŮýȢؼ޵·ȥġ㲻ʮױȴҲýڸ۲ѵʢϾƫģôƫˣ

̫̫ѾȫȻû˳۰ȫǷߺޣʧӾģʵȥ㡣·СӸһȥ˽ݣ˰ѱ·ҵǸСץ͵ʴ׷ǿЦ

֪µģЩͱͳ̫̫һᣬȥӿھһƳĺ촽Ůӡԭʱֻǰ磬·Ҳˣ

ֲã·ǸʮֿƷеϾ·ҵĽ̵ǣҺ͡һְƷвˣȷʵпܻᷭ
Щкιϵ⣬Ѿûͻ˵ôòŵóԸΪ˱̫̫ҡδ̫ڳ嶯ԡϾѾ·ңٵңƹˤô

֣ϲԾʳ

̫̫ЦҪĶˣҩϵģΪ·Сӻʹˡȥջ·ǸСѾ˸֪١Ҳ·ˣڱ㸸ѪıأǸƤǳģڰҴʮΪ˶һֻ۱ֻۣ²ɾƨɵĴΪȫ¾һˣ

ţ

˵ϣҲǳˡ
绳ˣ·ĺӡ·ҸҵĻ»ûйҵ·Ϊ飬̫̫͸ҲҰŻ¶ϡֲ˼ȥıκȲĶҲȲ鼱֮£лŵмҹ鲻á

һټ֮ãȻǶѶȫǰɶĴȸ֮ģʮߵ͵ȣȻǰٰĻ¡

һŪԻ·ʱЩʧǡأô˵

~

ᵽɣ̫̫ͻðɣ񻹲¶ĴŮġɱ˼ū;ƽϢȥǱģ

̫̫һ˵һߴôžž죬ؿһһ

ŸϽıĸŮĸôġԹһˮ˲ƽĸĸȱȽǣǱȽϹƽĸסȻǵݵĻʵû̫ŭ԰ɵļȽģֻǵһˡ

˵˺һִ̫̫˰ڽݵӡ֪һԺĵķȣȱ¶ʳûʲô࣬ŵ

Щʵιܼдһһʮظ֪˾ǡ̫̫ܵ׿˵ŷġ̫̫ԭ˵ǱȥϷ޵ĲӶ޵ģŹķٶʱ͸ˡȷʵĵ˼ңôлΪ

ˣҲ۳ͶãͷҪɢܡ̫̫˵ôõĻǿǴģʵҲѾˣȥЪһЪĸ÷

ŻľͺࡣʵϣԴιܼҼ˵˰ҪأһֱתҲѾ´ֻ嵽顣

ųȥŷֵĸ첲ȥ

ɲһְظ˵ŻͣؾŵԺӡ

űʱ˯ѣ̫̫ԺС̫̫һůθӵŵԺ˸գתͷ̫̫ͣԺӡ

ֻŸһݣû̫̫˵仰ͱ˼һյϡ

̵Ĳˮʪ°ڣѴúҲ̡üľʮƣĸףÿϳͬӦѾˣΪξͲһ¶ӣѾʮˣϾͼ޳ȥΪףֻô

㣬ֺţ̫̫һſھ;÷

Ůɱϲϲʱ·𱻽һưˮַ˺úõģĸ׷ſģֻ۱ֻ۰ɣǵñ粻ô

ұұɽ⻰˵Ŀɾˣ
̫̫û뵽ӻô˵Ů˵ʲôöô۾װϹģһ̫̫Сʲôֲ˵ַٵͿǲˣŻñǴĥ

öô죿ɷֱץͷһӵ˶ͷٹһ¾ԶˣҲĸףŮҲŮֱ⣬ǵһô⾩ǵĶô䡣Ǻһ㣬ָҪһʬ˵ǻôû£Ϳء

һŮʲôŮ̫̫ȫԼŮ˼Ҳ

һƨϣҲ˵ˡ˷ǲܲܵġ

Ūȥ̫̫زסᣬҹһʬһʬ·Ըģ԰ͻö͸Լţ

ĸôסˣŶԥŽȥǲȥ

֪վ˶ãһ˰ŵԥתͷһһɫֱյŮѾߵĸ첲һ˫ĿŵؿɫֱգһͨĻƤëëޱӳĵһŰƴССѩ֬Ϳĺ죬Ρ

һ죬ϳŮ硣

ͫ΢ضŰš֮Цݡ뿿Ѿߵϣ·ʤ£ãˡ

΢΢üͷһ˫峺׵һ۽Ӱ۵סƽɫϹ޵ЦݣûдʾѾƿӡ

İѾߵ°ͣѾûнȥԸתߡ

һ㱻ֽס

תǿЦЦ

Ϸ˺ʹѾǵĶˣɡֶһ䣬תЦ͸˰ţϷڵˣ˵Ǿ޽еĺζ

ЦЦ̧̤˽ȥ类˫۾ţҲӲͷƤ

һӣ̫̫ͳ֣ϽȥԼ¡һԵİûмŮʱҲ˲ϺİίͰ͵ɫԹ˶ŰЩµشŰţصãһЩŲ

Ŷ԰û̫ӡ󣬼䱾ࡣϲƫҲûôŨҵֻ΢Цɰɴʲôʲô

Լûб̫࣬ڰɿѾܶࡣϾյĶŮصͷһԴǵĹƧģ̧ͷͦءüӦİŶ԰˵ѾǾϲҲͷһطѾͷ˳ɫ
·ҵһЩοͶ԰̫̫ȥһҲûջĸ󷽶ˡ

û˵̫̫꣬ոһЩȾơ

žһ±յô˵øлӣ

һ仰µðˡ
һ˲䰲ɵЦݽϣĻû˼˵ͬʱ··İĬĬͷСԼĴڸС

ż״ĬĬֱߵƵֱ̫̫ߡһЦĸ糢

̫̫ŵ㣬۵̾Ѿͷǿ챿ơѧĳЩĹεĶһĸͲ۸ˡ

⻰˵꣬߻ûӻϸ΢

һ㶣תͷȥ

վһԵİСšɵעתƵ棬һ绹վţʱʹӷȥ

ʲôĵط̫̫һϡ

ɹ˼ŰŻڣ˼ŲܿĶŮά硣ֻѹɤӵĸףϾӵˣôôվš

ģ̫̫ҪˣվָŰЫĳˣ˻ã

һ䣬ʱصؿ޳ί޴ԩ֪̫̫ãǼҲǰˣĸαͱˣּҼҴƴһдߵһӵŮͷϡӺڰңҲܷĸұˣ񾩳ǴЩ߰ĴҲҪǿӵͷϣĸΪξͲأ治ģ

ҺʲôҺܵʲôô
ģΪξͲ룬ǴǴӺʱʼģּԺ󣿶ּ˼ǺްǵҵģΪξͲأ

Ҳ˵̫̫öҪɱˣԥԥ̬ǻϽ͡ĮؿŴ˿滨Ůò޵ı¡

ǲܿ޵ó

ﵱտ޷ıӳҵģĸ֪Ǹȥͨ˭Щ߰飡һ˵һסС̬˵İŶˣҸøкָ췢ģдԵ޹أаԣҸк

Ŵԣײҷġ˵һ̫̫ˡ

ˣ¾̲סǻĸףܲܶҲƽЩ

ڰҪ˵źȻ˿ڣȥ£ԭ򿴵ˡ

һ仰˲侲һ

۽һ۾Űš

㵱ʱңͷߡŵɤƽȣΪû˿ǲɣԭҪҤӵ˱ץˣЩ˾ͿߡƱûãǾٸ

ɫ˲ѩףһһƨ˵ϡ




109.  һ   ˫һ

ѻȸ, һ϶ü
̫̫ɵĿؿŽֽɴ۾㤵ؿŰţ۶ٴνƱҲ޷ס顣ɫ, Ů, ֿŮ, Ҳס

ν浥, ɱ, ȸĳˡɵĺɬ

磬ǲǾȫ³һˣ˶ɵӣƽһ˫ĵ˫۵ӰŰҰ׵, 侲̬ȷ˲Ρ

ң, ȵĿ⿴ɣס

촽΢΢ţʵֲôٳϻ˴뱲ӵôͳҲĵֻ֪ǲԸϰˣԸԼߵŮ˼ʱתͷٿŮĲ, Ļ˵ڡ

û, Ϊһ·ſɲʲôת˵ֱӣΪһ˱ɱ˹£û취ʴȡ

һ仰׶ס˰ġ

Ļ⣬̰Ĳȴĺܡ·ǰ費ֻҶ׼Լˡ̫̫վһ仰˰ıԣҲֻˡ

һ˲ǵͨ죬˵·ǰҴƴ, һŮôùȴҷ͵ڳϡ

ǰݵؿɡ

ɰͷŤȥǰ̫̫ЩġŮѰŪʱŮŮ鴫ȥ͢ζһμҲ޵˵Щûʲôλˡ

Ű̫̫˳ŵ䣬͹¶

Ŷһ٣תͷ̫̫ĸ첲һЦĸ´㱻ȥٸỵ˸׵Ĺ

ƽ˲Ťͷȥ

̫̫ʮΣȫֻһԸΪֹΪҪίǶһĸǶӵĹ;ȣһ˶ҪۡҴҴ۽ǣ˵ʲôֲ˵ڣŰĸΪֵġ

Ǹײǲô˫۾Ȼ밲ɶӣڸһûдҪءϾֲģĸţûеܵܰһŮ䵽ŮƽƽŮ˻ùȫǿӲ˭ܻأ

ѾЩֻʣĿⶼ˸

ЦЦ˵ף֮ǰûΪĹǹУҲֵ·һء

Ҳ˵һ仰£ɵɫˡҲ˲ǵ۵̬ȻվŭָźȵѪˣ

ѪˣͷǲǻǼٰɡ

㣡

ߵķҭɤۣûѪͨ죺˵в˵Ļ˵ʲô

˻вˣһȥ١

˵õĻαѡ٣Լ޹Ǿȥһ޹Ҿ޹Ŷֱ׳̬ȸЦǱƫ޿֣űһ˺ģŮƲâòΪԼһؾѡ֮ӣ˶˰ɣ

֮ԽʱͦӦģٰſž;ġ

СŰţ˵
֪Ż᲻汨٣Ҷġһ͹٣ЩûбԼĻ¶Ҫ·ҿǵûƸ·Ҳ֪١Ǳߵ˵·ҵֶΣǱٸٻƺﶼϴ塣

ף˰ű٣Ըôϡ̫̫ȥѵһŲɣ˲ǰ̣˲Тܹ𣡡

սӻ˰ĪĵѾʶԼڸ׵еλ͡

ſһû˵İɣȷҪӴô

ǣδڣǱߵİһţ̫֣ķǵû˼ĺǵñƵø׸Ǹôȥһ˸ίƵġȫȫβվôûȱ첲ȵġôǵñƵøĸҲУ

ƴ⻰˵˼

ֻ׼ң׼ұ㣬ôҽô

Ŵǰδֵļ񣬲ûƢԸͬˣвͬŶʱЦ˵ڵĻ񵶣ΪĸİİҲŲĴĥҶԳТģֱ׳ĽڣЦ

磬ҪһŮŸ۰㣬ܵܳˡôǾøûбĺӣ󰲼Ҫһĸͬĵܵб޼ɵˣ

Żδ˵꣬Ѿͨ졣

͵͵سֹţ

ĸᣬҲʮж
Цһ˵һʮԽĻֻһϴźҲټİܲ󶼽ӵаɣĸѾȥʮ꣬׾ȢҲ˫޳ɵġͻᣬӲ⡣

Ī˵Щĺ

ըˣδŮңϵ׵ķµģ

ò˵һѪش˼ȷʵĵ
Ҹ̫̫ŸɣҶԵŮ֣ΪҳܵûбĺӡǵŮΣǽΣˣĸһݼױ¶۰ܵܣҵһоͶܵܵġ

ĸ׵ķ£Ǿ仰¶ˣԼʲô;˸һŸôĸΪأ

ʧ̬ɼеСžż㲻ǱŲʮʮҲ.Ųʮ
˵ʵôǳԵĵ̫̫ô᲻֪أ
Ҳңֻһֱɽͬ⡣иʡĵĽĸףýֿܵϣûӸĸŮӴʵ˿ڼЩҲãûٸ鷳˵ҲãһϡɽʱհŵĻ·һشϡټİĽӵô

ɽֲǲз˲ˣ̳мҵĵӶûУȷʵЦ󷽡

ȷʵҲɫɫ̫̫˽Ҳڲţϡ۳žҪ⼸úȶŮҪ˴ĥ

ܸܲһŮ˶ûСȥˣѲɸϴ澵

⻰һɵɫէէϵġ

˵˵ȥȫģգǵŮ̸Ļ£Щ²̨ĸף

ʵҲɵֻǲһļͥŪɢ˲ѡ˺ϡࡣ
˽￴ֻҪ룬ĿİģĥĥϣӾͻܺȥϾˣŮҲǸӰˡ֪͸ĪɡֻҪŮŮǸ϶ŮҲû£ĸʩͽ㹻ˡȻô򵥡ŮأŮϡǶһӦ˵׶ʧȥΡ

Űģ£ΪһһĽġ

ܣܾ˵Ļǹƫ̻Ƶġ
ȻϣҲ֪ҳ󲻿ǲģܱ١ǿھò˳ģΪ͵ׯȥ

ףʱС

죡ƫҲٱ۲οǵŶϣװϹҲû취ӡ㲻ҲѲ˹ϵԣΪףøһεؿŰţţҺˣҲƫ̻˭㿴

̫̫ɫѾˣڷݵĴ

ȴ侲׾ԼԴ㲻ƫ̻ô

һ͡

ðѴȥׯϣʳšֻҪҸǰۣ㹻𣿡Ÿ˸޽ǵͷЦЦʵ

ɺһҭ˶٣̧ס˰ŵĸ첲ǲȻأҪΪôӣҪô

ұԸģĻףҺȻ˵ˡ

ɲؿ

˵ãͿռҵȥҪڽµҤҡ˵ϱ֮šļ䣬ĸ֪ƢӲ.ͣǱȻġƤָ˶ڡ׾ãֻǰѴȥׯϱԵһУмίҾ͵Ϊ˼Һˣԭ

˵˲ģּˣ绹ڽƱ磬ΪǶţ治Ҫġ

Ľûһ԰̫̫һӾҹȥ۾Ѿͨˡõ֪ҪµҤʱжûŹȥ

ɵĺˣЩյûš

˵ʵҺʧס

վ̧ƵԼ첲ϵֵֻ֡ʱ򣬿һ۰šֻգҲԾҲˡҧأĿ˸Щ˼밲Ŷӡ

Դұץ֪Ķô

ЦЦҾ͸һʮ˱һһСʮĸ˵һ𣬼ùͷΡ

ʮɣãڽǿԴϢǾôһֱţһ·ӽ굽ݣ¡ڼ䰤˶ٱӣ˶衣ϲҵʱҴԼֻʮϾղųһϡܻ࣬󡣡

ﾲһ϶üֵ̫̫һ

Ѿ˵ˣ׵ûһ˿ѪɫֻʵضŰɣһ˫۾ﱥˮʱʹӵĸ첲ϣϸҡҡ׹·ʱҪȥ

ƳһۣЦɲԭ첻߿ࡣֵг𵱳ͱñ˱šװ˭᣿
ʮƽ˵ԭľǵԭʱһ룬ʱǺ¡ݵĶжǲ֪ҿԸ㡣ÿԭ϶ᶳʮˣ˯һͶˡҴһ£ûЬһµҤӵöүҪңҪһͷײңҴؼҡҲǸ˼ңһеĻ

ЩŲ˵˶֪ǻášȥһξͺȥһƮƮһ仰ܴǲҪ֪̫ϸڣֻҪšػž͹ˡΪҪܣˣ

һһӣǸȳӣĸӲáŵһӹһӡһ죬ＸҲûѸҴĸӲãһöһӵȥӱϴ

ŰԵ˶ˣҿšһѱӣԴصţ˵ˣ֪ܿˡ

֪ʲôֻ֪ɽ亣ζ޳УһѾźĴ˺ܶίȻҩң˴ԺмҲܻأ浥ġ˴ˣӦôһƽϡ

ŵĻ·һѶ۵һһٰɵģ̧ͷ

ǲҶԴ̫̣
޹ỵ́Ͼҩ˼ҿ͵檣ңֻǲ㵱µȼӣҲֻ¸ӵϱѡ

Զڽݵܹش˸磬˭

ţŰѾ˵ΪĻҺ˶˵ڡ

һԿ޵۾˵İ̫̫һӣˣѰҸϳȥүҲ׼ظǸװģŤȥٸ

õ治ң
ҲԼ£ԩͷծıȥ

磡ɺȻһȡ

ŭŵðһɴ۾ɡ

˶ɵӣʧؿŮ

类ˣʱᣬֻŵ᣺ףģһвУûѡѣҲöĺģס

ڰ簧ݵؿһųɤ.˽ū澿֤

һ䣬˿ͻȻѾߡ
Ѿ߰Ųϵãﰲ̫̫ɶӡ󡣲ǱˣǰźѾߣΪҩһ±ҩ

ҩͷС鲽嵽룬ͨһū澿֤ǴּүﲻϣźﱻϳȥҲǴͨӣıǰھǾͼʱӴϹϵˡ

ҩ˵ĿͰѾץպͲϵ֣ľʱո˵ӰѰ۵Ķߡ

ҩǵģˣҩǼǺҰҩƸҵģ

ˣҰѴ죡

̫̫ޱȣû뵽ȺЫĳĶȻǰı˵˵

ҩ·Ѿˣӳ壬ι·հŸӳͻװģȥˣʵǹ·һ·໤·Ȣһһʮ˵ʱԭѾӰǴ˹ģ˶ټּүȥһͬʱڹŮʬȥ

ҩǰѾߣѰϸڶǵĿЩ˽ƣֻó䡣

ĽƱѾͽͣҩָκһָ

ǻв⡣ŵɤĪһѪζ֪ĸ֪֪Ǵù˵ĳء

˵ţʹ˶ͰŻؾмͨ˶װŵĻҲһйһӵ¡

ȵһعҩߣɫѾòҰݣٲȻϡ

ֵضʧɵҩһЩ갲ɵļ˵¶ȫ§ҩȻѾߣȴʵ֪ĶࡣϾҪҩһլȻֻ

˰β֪Բġ

ˣˡֻľƣһ޷ƣðѰȥԺ󣬰ûд

ףҪôһУûеһᶳģ
类׳ţҲסȴſ޺㲻ŮҲΪܵһ롣ҺܵһǺģ

̫̫ӣ㿴Ҿ˵ɣʮҾ͸ɫ

ʵѾ֪Լ˵ʲôֻðɸı⡣ɲһףؾͿʼϴҴˣϴҸõǸ

֪ˣҿͷϴ

Ȼô޺ûһ



类ϳȥʱ򣬰һ۶ûп̫Ĵ̼ȻЩ֧ŲסŶûãҲûüϸ˵岻뿪˰̫̫Ժӡ



̫̫ŶɪıӰֻöµûš

ĸ̾˿˵ѪҲãĮҲաΪšΪ˭˱ɫҰɡûŮʵڲһ¡

̫̫Ŷ̶̼ɳŮһʱ鸴ӣܿˣҲˡģҲ֪Ǻǻ
ǿԣ̫̫ԸŮһ棬ֳȵģ

ҪġŵЦЦһֱĸ²꣬վǲ¡˿ɳˣҲΪĸĸֵˡ

̫̫Ŀһ
ŵͷ̾˿Ͼ㸸ףʱҲЩ

Ź⣬תѾ˵һ£ַȥˡĸȥʢһЪһЪ

̫̫˵ͷıӰԶȥֵĸ첲վ̾Ϣ

⺢ӣԹˡ

ֲ֪ôȰֻܷ̫̫ȽЪϢ

ţȻһʮֳĬšǰŻصҵĵһգֻˡŲ⣬ûڡðţҲûͣɡͻԭԺӡԭԺһֱʰһжֳɵġ

˸ˮ裬˴齣۾ͺһ

һ磬֮ʱԺѾһƬסѩݶԺǽʹɨѩ

Ƕϴþ롣
˵Ȼ˹ټŮȴûϰźϴͻȻŰױǰ£ǸԲĹǰֽͷȻһۿ˰ͷϵİΡ

ڰźѾߣȻģһۿμֵƣӣ

ż״ùҰɣ

Ρ

ƳһۣЦδ͵ġ

ڰױתͷ֧ʹһȥͬҳ󲻿û˵ٱӹᣬֹŮͯ׾ٱйɣ

ԩ˵

ڰţҵĴűһ졣
·˽ӵ·ͯԺ󣬿ӱ޵ظ˾ǡĴæûüšҴҵ˾ǣɾеĿջסˡõԺʱûѰǴǴһŵϢ绳ˡ

ⲻ˲ϰ٣·ͣؾ͸Ϲ

ͬʱǰȥݵ·Ҳڷ·ϡбϲţζӳ¡״̬ѣȻҲһסǧϲ͵ϣڻȥμӵԺѰҰ֮ʹ˺üգѡ˽ŵŵһߡ

ţٵȵҡ·пοԼҰһ붼ˣ⼸£ҵԽ㡣




110.  һһʮ   ˫һ

·˽˰, Ű̫̫Բڴ¹˲ûм̫̫Ů, ҲֱӼ, ֻ޹·̫̫к, ûе绳е¡ֻǰһݰ, ֱ˵Űݷá

ʹӿؽ·ͳȥ, ·̫̫˰Ҵž

ˣȥƣⰲҵô£·̫̫ϸ緢, ôһʶԡ˵̫̫Բ, һ򲻷㵥ӴҲΪ·ҵˣôҲýһԡ

·ͷɢȥһȥ¶һȥҰ֮ء

ˣŲ·Ҵ̫̫ԭչأ̫̫ܽӴӦŮӴ, Ǽ˯̫۳ͶôòŻ, ЪϢһȻûҽС

ŵ֪Ҳû̫дֲԭ·Ҵ̫̫ݼڡ

ڰ֣齾鷿
˵ŲһϲˡϱԸҲ뿴飬ⱲӾȻΪ̫ܵ鷿顣ֻŰʹҵĶ鷽ʽʵ󡣰ſ˰죬ͷۻɴԼҵƻ顣

˵Ҳü˺̸, Ѿƻʡǿʳ㳦ĶȶչĻֳȻ飬ǸǮ

һζ͹գ۾Ǽչȥ
ͻȻðźܲӦϰšַſڵӣģһȤᣬȤ

˵ԭһֻΪ˿̫̫ȷתžͲԼŻûվҪҲøֻ̫̫ǰٵõȵ¹ˣ鶼ߡ

°ġȻšԸûһ̫ԭ顣Թ̫࣬Ǿϣ󰲼䵽İС
ԭϱ棬ûüذңȻû֪䵽˭СȻռԭ壬ȻԹԹг𱨳𡣲ܸܰĸŮǲһ֮ѣѪԵϵڣܹҲôϲԭ

ԹҲûжŮ࿴ҵġ׮»ǵг̫̫ٳ֡

⼸һһпձȥ̫̫Ժӣ¡

Ȳ˵̫̫¾һձһպã˵̫̫¶̲סЦ¶һٳֵģƵĶš
ӺԺѾܳԺ߶˼ұҲûʲôزʹĸ󲡡հŵĲ²⣬ѪܷļֻҪƽ˳Ȼ¶عǱƫ̻м˲ŷ˲

ԭ㾩еĴ򿴲ã޴ǲء

ﾩ˼ѩʵѩ࣬ȥڽҲ㡣ڵĶ࣬ӦϺ

žŰ̫̫һѾ͵ʮԪһա
˵ԪǹŻѾõĴͳմҲУֻڴ벻ԪǽԪѽڡŻ崫ͳԪڳԲʨԪڷеƴͳϦһգδŮöϽ֡öŮģ˱ԼöơԷҲ⣬㽫еöƻ

ֶδճɻµĶǷŮҹȻûô򵥡ÿԪѽڣҹ廹ǷŮִ˲ƣش֣ΪδĻͼ

̫̫˼ϣűڼУеĹ﹫һҲȥߡ
ʵϣĲӦȥ࿴˼ң͸׵ġȥʱ̫̫ҲȷʵŮһ˼ҡǰɵͬʷҵĵմӡȻû˵Էĵ̫̫̫̫밲ŻԺȥ︮͡

²˵˰ɣ˫Ĵٳסֻ˭ڽ¶һ飬ҵĵմӶѾס·ݾҪӻظȥ

ҲǺ¶ĥ

̫̫żĲֻǶңŮżҲһ׮¶һ꣬Ҳʮꡣھʮ׵ĹҲ٣ֻǿѡʱ䲻ˡ˵±ȺӵҪһЩϾСﻨھô꣬˾ͳϹˡ

̫̫˽ҲңϽҲʱ߶뿴
ŰһֻУáЩ˼СģһϢڣ̫̫Ȼһ˽࣬еĹ﹫һն棬Ҳȥָύһѡ

ŶԽύŮû̫ȤȥʨԸЩƻ顣

ڼ䣬һζûгֹȻҲڸסţž漣һûŻΪֻ̫̫̫̫̾ᷳ㣬βôɣôˣƵһ¶Ͷ㣬治ô죡

ŰѰŮôֲãûֵͬܡǸҲ׽뵱¼ҹô

Ӿ͸Ƶģú塣û˵һЩҲºˡ

ţĸҲöҵĴô

̫̫һ٣̾˿Ůܼ֮ƽ˭˭ǳĨǸС˶дԭһذɡ

Ų˵ֻתһߵ÷ͼһ˲֦

̫̫ûһ̾

ŮҪ˵ţһģһ

ɲԺ߹ܿڵʱȥ̫̫ԺӣųȥǰԺȥǸ̫̫û취ֻץŻȰŮĨǵ뻺ŮĹϵκΰźͰ˶һβ̬ȣŪ̫̫ͷһơ

Ѿͷ̫̫ʵǵǣôһôôšأ

ŲšǾͽ͡ͽ޹¶

˵֮ǴģŶţЩǲֵ㸶̫Ѫġ˸˵Ե־㣬ǿġ
ǸȸûĴȰǶеĺӡһ㲻˵òԡվһִ˵ûԼճݾͱĺ߹ӦһЩ谮ڵĴ룬һͬʻ˵ƫ̻Ůǲ

ɸĸ۰ֶģǷǽء
ȥʮ꣬Ų֪ԭôദġȻѾ棬ŲڶݵʱŤתɵġ

Ůģĸյ븸׵Ĳ໨Щ˼Ѱһͻݵļҡеĵʵð˵׵Ķף̸磬ָеճĵܵˡһָ׵˼лܺЩ

ȷʵҲһ׮ڵǰʮֽȵ¶

Դÿ£̫̫͵ԼһյȥѲŻδޣǸʵ֤ǸػĵġլûиŮӣѱ󲻱ǶĸŮѲָԼȥˣһϴ澵

ЦҵҪˣ

ȻһŻ̫̫Ҳˡ

˵˵¶ôǸδĹңܰѸ׵Ļ¹ߣ̫̫ûס˰һ£ͷˣҪ˵Ѿͷûмҽˣ

ЦЦⲻֻڼĸ˵˵᣿ѵôɵȥ˵ɣ

˵ҿɲδĹָͱȥϱˡ

˵̫̫ͷһǰЩ˵̫̫Ź﷢٣Ϊǹɽġʱ˽Żô˵ûţ޸Сˣ

ûҲˡŵǣĸˣҲ˶

˵ţָָԼͷϵİΡ

˻ȥ

̫̫Ҳ͵ûɻˣҲӦ

ʱðŲﶼԴġ̫̫ûŵķҲµǸʲôһƧСɽĲӣ㸸ĸǿĶȥο˵ýҲŮܳ࣡

ţĸġ̫̫֪ʱײ壬ⶫŮһӱʲôŮʮ꣬Ϊ˰µĶһֵ̫ˡο˸ĵճճŮƾʲôҰ

ĸ˵ʲôĸҵһܳ

û뵽˵ŵ̫̫ˣЦһͣ˵

˵ʲô˵ʲôҲͬ⣡

Ǿĸܸмǰһӽӵĸ̫̫ͬû뵽ﻹи¶۾ˣҺĸȥҸùûҪԼŰ۶

ĸǣ˵

Ҳͬ⣡͵˺һİײ̤ʱնŰţѾû¶档һ¶ŭ壬֮ȷʵɽҲòһ

˲Լûи׵ϣֻΪθǷӹȥһǧܸùһӳԺһӣְϷϷУܷɵӻһӣ

ˣŶ̫̫ɲ԰ȥǵϱġ

ⲻûɻôɱĿһ죬ƫȥŵ۾ûɵĻ¾ˣҪٸǼΪף

أ䵭ԼԸޣòŸײġ

㣡

һĿڣⲽ
Ը׵ѵⰲűۣǰЩʱƫ̻Ů¶ԵûеֻܱࣺţΪҲ

վǰȵͷΪƫ̻ƫģˡҲ̣ԼΪ

˭˵̣ûϹ˵űֻǹˣô˵Щˣһǿ˲֪ٱ

С˺Ҳűɲ֪ôȰһԴϵİξķ

ҲǸˣ־ҪΡ

ô飬ʶͶ㡣Ůô̫̫ǰ̫̫ȰȰǱߺ۵ۿ̫̫ɫ࣬ҪԡŸɸϽ֣ͣһһҵط̫̫ؿı

ˣ̫̫ðŰˣǸŮлºú˵ô

źͰһһҵ̫̫ߣ̫̫ŰˡµЩ˺ĻҲˡ̫̫ɴѰŴ򷢳ȥԪѽҲǹѵóȥĺʱ򣬱ʱֵò˻¡мϣųȥưɡ

ſһƣģҲû˵ʲôֻͷվ

̫̫ôһѾˡͰųȥԼЪϢ̫̫ӻָЩȴǱһ̫̫˽̫߶Ż˼ңҲöߡ֫ڣӲŻ᱿ء

⻰˵ɶû˵ֲ

Ȼ̫̫İţҲֻˡԺﻻһѣѾ֣˾ʱ˵ױ˵ŵʱˮܽأױ޴󷽡

һò߶ȹһ׺ö񡣰ŴѾߺĸͳš

ϵȵĿջ¥ѾгӶꡣһȥ˼ңûҵλáŸɴһյöڳл߶ߡÿԪѽڶźӵƣʱҲۼһŮɫ̫ڣŮĵǺмֹڵ֡

ֵߵƼ̷ؽֵֽϿϸߣɫĵϡ֪ҹжÿ

ŵöǸ˸ģмȤɴöڽֵϴС

ò˵ӵһټĺƤࡣʢװԺ󣬸Եùʶˡһ·߹·ŮͣػͷפǵӴģöƾڻý˻ûͱȥǽ˺ź

ͬʱѵԪѽڳŷ·һȺľ¥˳¥¥ơ

һԲһס·ļ޺޵ش£С˲ðûôùƾ֮ǰ˵˲ȻҲһף˲ã˲ã뵱Ǽ̸۽񣬲˵ΪĶСû뵽ѣһ־;ˣ

·ЦЦץϵһƾ̷֣һ

ȣԪѽڣܲˣ

Բһȵ˶˲ʡеľƱºȵһʹ졣

ѧԴŰ̬ͬ

ھǣԪѽڻ³һ۵ģǰ֮ˡԾڶ³ˣǸÿҲĲࡣʣµʮôùҲ̫áʱ飬ύ˲Ҫһ׵·ȻЩύĶ

·ȻҲǶߡ߶߶ܽύĽύԾǰȻٳһĿƾ١

ȾȻ̫˸΢˱˾ˮ˲ˮ

·˹ƹĶ࣬ϻյûšǸͬе˵һ˴ôпڴߴ硣˵ҲɣͣͣպþڵҾ¥С̯̯ͣСԣ¿

Ķζ̲סһ

һ紵ö¥·Դ˲ʱҹɫѾ١ֵĵյĵƻͨվڰյ֮Уȹڷŷ޵һѩĺ÷

·գգ۾ЩɻѡСԵŮãܾǶǵϤת˲һ룬벻˭ͷԣЩһգգضóڵĹ･ֱ󱳱һƲڻع

ڿʲôأһ׵ͽϴѾʮˡ

·ЦЦ˵ûʲôʯ֮䣬ȻĺŮ˭ˡ첻֣֡ŮϱһĽᷢӰţ

ţŰűһô

ʱæ飬ûȥעҵ顣ʶſܱһ棬һѪĵӿȻǿϲˣ

Բסz֣Ҫ£ͷ̷˵һһ

˵ţŤͷ⿴ȥ

ѾûĨɫӰˡǵȲϸ˵ƿ󲽵¥ȥ

嵽ϣ߿˿ֵϱ˵аţɫȹӵĹﶼû·С׷öƲԡ·ûոʲôһƽϣѡ˻ķҹȥǶȥ߷ŻԸָںӱϡ

·һһԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬÷·޶Ƶġ

嵽ߣӰϾۼһŮÿжһյɻƣȺںӱ߷ߡ·һյöһһҹȥ谵ҹɫڸ˴󲿷òûȹӰ׶Ů

׼֮ʱһ¿˺ȹöĹﱳӰǹ˱ӵرźӱվöڲסˡ·֪ΪۿͻȻɬʪˡ

첽߹ȥһץǹĸ첲ק

˲ִ֮һ棬·ľϲ֮ɫϡİ羪֮£ץ첲˭ȴ۾·磡

·ȸԾһ˲˹ȵס

·磬ôֻԼίͻȻҵйڣһ˽ĻСֽֿʵȥˣȥˣ֪㲻ڵһ£˶ί˶ôҰ

·ĿڵһŴʯͷɫѾס

ҹɫڸ·ɫԹ˵طйԼĲֻȭͷ˵ش·ؿڣʱ䷢ȫ˵·֪𣡰ǸˣһͱȸװҸϳңѾ޼ҿɹء

ҵ·ز׽һϢйɫһʵŻˣ

ţȻһͺң˵Һ˺һе𶼰ҵͷϡĳ񶾵Ůһúݶء



Ϊڰйõľʶػر˰ҡ·ҹɫ˫Ŀĳ棬ȴƽҸᣬŰɡ

û˵ʲôֻ˶յ·Ըˡ

ԶںӰİŷһֻΪܹĺɻƣںɪɪش˸硣ӣĬĬϵĶ񡣽ӹСһڣʮָɴվӵƷˣСԳˡյѾɣǻȥɡ

öأСѾԪѽڵϰףش֣öƸ˭Ǽλӣй￴˳۵ģ

գգ۾СѾ߼պƵĵոְɣδĻ»㸣

аɡ

һڳе¿СѾ߸ȥ֧СѾ߰ŵƣôűڰöƱд֡ȻŵȺһűߡ

˭ˣСѾ߲֪ʲô˼㶵ؿһ

šЦڣٸ

СѾ߻ģƨƨߵظŰ

ȻصУ̫̫йȥѯʡСѾʵҡҡͷۿ̫̫ɫްСѾԼƳĵϵֶڵע֣Ǹ

Ŷ̫̫鲻Ǻһ䣺ʲô

ССѾʶֲֻ࣬ϵõģܹҪȻö񡣡

ܹö񣿡ôе죿

벻Ķ̫̫̾ذ֣ˣȥɡ

СѾҲ֪ǳʲôһȥ



ÿ죬գۼǼչȥ
һ磬žͱѾ߸ֱ˵ţ̫̫ȥһˡҲ֪£ͱְ˽ŵذױ̨ǰϴ

ʰ׵ѾúʱҪпš

ſѾߵĸ첲ֻ˯ȥŶ




111.  һһʮһ   

ʮ, ůԺĻѩˣͥԺĲľѿ
ŰΰѵżѾױ磬о˵һ׮¡ԭûŰŻӦ˵˵, ѹõ͡ž;

类ץˡ

ʮһ, ڳ滨ͬһСԺ, ĸŮ˱ץ˸š˵ٸ˳ȥͰסױİ, ߵĻ, ˾ϡĸŮȻΪˣȡȻͬһͬ˹ļ˴òƷš
̵һɵˡôû뵽ĻòץˡԼﱻһס, ϳ滨ӡ

˵ﶼˣƽҪ, պ޲ýص·¡ǹ˵С˼˵ĸŮһνƵģ˩ŴϵáﻹԼǰɵĳŮضҪץǵǼòۡ

Ƴһ۾İţɤǼòҲǳصġɤִסֱ㽫ĸŮӹ, ˽Ĺ¶֮ڡԭĸŮò, ǱˣòҶӳȫȥ

Ѿ۾Ѿǵϲʱ˵𾢣˽»ʳҡ̫̫ͽĸŮϳˡ

ңȥǾȳôһ⣬Ҳ涪ϴˮСѾ߽һ, Ҳ룬ôһﻹô˶ۣ̫̫̫̫ӣǾԲٻġ

񶼲ϲˣʲǵ⡣

ŷٵѾƳŵ飬˵Ҳȥ˼ˡ˽ȥҾ˵ϣ뽫¶ͷժ˽õľ˲֪Ϊ̬ʮǿӲ۴ô˵Ͼǲˡ

Ͳ֪ˣСѾߺٺһЦūͷ˵Ǹ˷Ѿã˶ӣǸӷأȫزٵŮͺʧ٣˵˷ѲϵĸŮ˻أ

Ȼ֪һ˷ӣʧٰ
뵽Լ۵ǸʮŮһӰüͷҲǰȥģĴվͱˡֻû뵽ʱץˡ

ʵϣҲûùٸôð硣ϾⱾŮϿĪĹ⻷׻ٲðԸѵٸذաû뵽⾩ôǿӲȻѰץȥ

ۿױѾʰϣվˣ˵˵ǣȥ˿Īᡣ

Ѿͷʱס죬ͷӦŵ

Ҫȥͣ΢ЩʳӱҴȥ̫̫Ժӡ

ʱ磬ɫҲѾķ绹ЩϾ§˻е¯ŴѾ뻨˼䣬ﻹŵһžһϡ

ãŽ¯ݸſڵѾߣֵ±С鲽߽ȥ

һȥͷղԡ
ƽЦݵİ̫̫ϵЦݿַܡ̫̫ͣϲ֣յĻ԰̧Աһƣֵ̫̫һλһŻĸˡһϵĽϰƽͷһ˿һš
˵ֱһĹӣụ̈˵һ湫ӵ̬ü֮ڲزסİ

Ǹ˰ŲϵãṫӰȴһϳǱˣɡšס·

˵ʵƤȷʵҲܿóοݡԶˡ

ˣ̫̫һŵӰ۾ʱһæ尲֣ʾϽȥ£ĸ

һＸ˫۾ȫ

·Ǿϲһ㣬۾ĳ档

ͻȻ˫۾ţȴʱѧ̬ҡ߹ȥ߶Ǹʮ񡮰šһգգؿ

֪ǷĴ·ۿЩʪ·ʶѾãŪëëġ

Űĸһ¡̫̫ʶԼӲԺ󣬾;̵ְֽ񡣱ҲӦʮͿʼֻѾͷ̫̫߲ŵ飬λ·ҵĴ̫̫

ظ·̫̫˸

·̫̫԰粻ٴɫ԰ȴˡʮֺͰس˰ŵ񣬻Էã̵̫̫ĺð

Ī˸䣬΢΢ЦлĿޣȴʮֲ졣

·Ҵ̫̫ϰɻ񲻽ûܿߣЦʮ̹Ȼµشţȥա

űǵĶŪͷƤ飬ЦЦϽ̫̫

һ£·̫̫޵ĻԼ

ò˵·̫̫ͦ˵Ҳ˵ʮˮƽ㰲һβ˶Ļŭš̫̫̫̫ɫҲüԼ˿Ц⣬·ĸࡣ

սǢ·Ҵ̫̫һתֵ̫̫Ҳ֪·ڽҲʳ֮ҡү游ǳ͢٣岻岮ڸΪ١

˵̫̫²µ⡣
ʱἰλ˻ˡ·ҼҴƴ··ҵϵĳ֮·ҽļ̳ˡ̳ȢȢڸǿӵĲòǵŮ䡣ֻһŮ˻漰ش󰸼ŵΣ·򲻻Ȣš

Ȼ·̫̫һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ·õصҶӲǼճǰ⣬·Ӧеʱ˿Ƹ󸮴Ϊޣ¶ǲɡ

һ٣˲Ͱˣ̫̫ɫÿȴû˵

Ҫ˵ʵڻϵż̫ͣǾƸŮΪ޵ġǻǰң̫̫˺ƤҲš

Դţ̫̫ڵһգʱҲû̫Ϊѣ·Ǹʲô³̣

绳һ£ﶼġ·̫̫Ȼûᣬʱھཫͷ¶ôĶ򲻿Ȣȥġ˵ʵΪ檣Ҳ˼ң˶ӵĺԺǾյĿʼ

·̫̫Цһ£վİϷˣӲѾһסǰԲҶ˵·ҵ˼ǣƸ㰲ҵĶڴܳΣ֮š

˻һأըİŲ㶼վ

ô̫̫ųôôյˣ

˲Ťͷ·ĸӣ˫΢΢ɴˡ·̫̫һЦѾվԼĸվһ·һ˫۾ֱض

ճöԾðŷë

̫̫ɫҲһ䣬ۿžҪŭŭû·Ҵ̫̫ð˵¶Ҹû

һ˼ûʱգ̫̫ķڸż¶ϡֻеſ˸飬úʵģʧ¶ˡֻʣ³ɫĺӵܣɺӵٳɫƶ̫̫ȴ᲻õġ
ʲôһɳ죬ӵϸλķëǡǵһɳﲻ̵̾ŵġ¶෽裬̫̫ʵҲЩᡣ

·ǸûʱоȥƾٵĺӵܣҲһЩ·¶
ΪѧڣԺաھʹڽȴҲӧ塣ǻǰ밲繶ң̥ᣬǰ֮õĺ¡

̫̫ʮ־ᡣһں·Һ·˼ȷʵǺãһ뵽˱ԴӰԺ׽˸ţƷвˡתһ밲ɣ־пԭĲ˵ȷʵһף֮Ѿͷ޵ߵ磬ĵҲ

ǽĿ䵽ŵϣ뿴ʲôӦϾ˵֮Ըִÿ·һˡ

ʲôӦȻǾܾǲɡ

Ժû˵仰һڣ˶

̫̫һ֪Ҫ˵ʲô̫̫Ŀһſȥֹ΢΢ǣһЦлԼҪ·̫̫ĺ⡣

ŵĻͻأ𾪣˵·̫̫ס·ֱʧ̬ؾܣ˭лԼ

ʧ̬˾ȣ·Ѿ˲ˡӣһӡ֮ǰѾ֪űʱղûг£ǱһĵȳͷˡЩ࣬˺úöģһжúöģôͻȻ͸лԼˣ

·УƵûǰȥհŵ֣ĪҪ

Ų㱻ЦָԼԴϵİΣģﻹԴϡ

̫̫ͻȻΪŵˡִ߳ʱĿܡһסŵĸ첲ͼֹԼŲļҵδ˻ڽݣǹþͻδҲԶˣл·ҹӵ̧

ţ̫̫ƽ᲻װţʱ඼Ҫؿڣ˵ʲôأ

û˵

ſڣ˵Щʲôʱͼһŷͷ󺹵س

ʲôʧɺͳŷͻأشŭ˰̫̫˵л᲻ó尲ȫʹӵͷϣˣҡ

̫̫ŷæϣйš

̫̫һ㶣ûӦ

ŷ½˵̫ãæָһ̫̫йţ

̫̫ǷӦˣŰɵʾŷ˵ŷǰһ񣬴صܼ˻Źټұ⣬˵ǶƸ

ܼңĸܼң̫̫ûʶܼʲôֻԴ˵ġҲ˲·̫̫·ڣеվ죡룡

ǿĸףʥϵĸô˰ҵţʲô˾㤵ģ·̫̫Զڽ꣬Ҳ֪λġλǵˡ·ûͷʲô¶

ۿŰ˴ĵسȥӭӣҲȥ

˽ӭţͿڱͷͦؾĴ㡣ڲ֪ĶŪ˫㣬̬Ҳʮֺͻ

ô̫̫ʵܳ

Ȼš

ͳͻνһŮټ׵ġ

˵꣬ͷ֪·ŵİɴҴҸϻ֪ţֻ֪·̫̫ǣ·Űݷáһſͱ䣬ԭΪ·Ҳ벻סſʹӺۣ֪Ÿףŭڡ

·˰Ѱҵʲôˣ̫Ǹ

˻ûţſڴȣҰҹģѶҶȥ

̫̫˲ɷףû뵽˺Ϳ˻ûһſ£ʮ˻ûӣ

ۿ̫̫ɫޱӵΡİ̫̫֣һ仰ӶѻȸǶ׵ġ

ʥϵ׹ùáʮǰȥˣ˭ĶӣһܼǾ˵ѵһż̳ˣǰսİӣٴ

̫̫һԴľģɣɰӣǣѾ

û

⻰ǻ˵ģվȺİš·֪ԼһԱ㾪ǧˣصڽݣһսȻˣǱˡ

̫̫ԼеɵżڳˣҴȥǸϱġ

Ŷ̫̫һյĴ̼ܲˣǡ

ٴٴֹ񡣡Цˣԭˡ澹ԨԴ

Ѿİɣɵˡ




112.  һһʮ   š

, ˰ź޸оһ˶·顣

һ˵ﶼĬáɲſһ
ֻŻȻã, ܼ˼ô򰲼סԸвŻ, ȴûǵȵزʱѯʻڲסС̽, ղ˵, 氲ٴף

ǡ̬ȿԳƵǫ, Ŀ䵽ŵϡãһ䣬, ݣǸĹ
Ҳͷһμ, Ҳôӱ𴦿䣬ֻܴò

ŹߵлסģЯȥ¡ɹһ˿ڿˮЩؿšԣû󷽡δŮٴ

ȵȣǸӵĲӶ, Ȼٴ

лԼһƽ˵˵Ļ, ڽʱ߲ˣ˴ι龩ضͬС

ŶŶɴʱﶼµģ·ʲôһ㡣
ۿŰ˵Ǳ߻ͺЦͷ͵ģ㱼ΪԼû˯ѣյΡȺݺһ¸첲ϸ, ۵죬£ǣ

ûֻսЩˣʱԴˡûܹж¶޴󰭣ԶС

ŶŶӰ

鶼ػ˵ϣܹһóҾûвͬġ
̫̫ζû뵽ԼŮøֱ֦ͷķˡ֪Щ࿴˶˼ңŴαܣбжܣһɨգνü̫̫Źȣʱɫɷ׵·в

ǰһٻŵǾῼ·ҵġɽԣҵĹֲǵǰͼɵ·ѡ

̫̫һɨ·ĸɫǾͲÿ

˶㣬ûѡ֮ʱʲôǺáǸõѡҲûѡáõİǰתͷٿͨɫȻⲻġ

·ҼҴƴΣ·͸һΣ·Զڽ꣬Ůˣʮʮ궼һܻһˡԶ޵ĿûԹ˿ɲǲһܵסġ˵·̫̫һࡣȴֵĺӣûӹ

˶㣬˸õıޣ̫̫Ҳס

̫̫˼仯˵Ǹ˶

·ϵѪɫʾˡԭΪʮþȵ¶ǰ򵥡ŲһǴҲǵѡ
зѿһգգضŰţ֮ȴѲɣԣɡ·ףĽĽΪܸҩˣôԱĵô죡һĹ⾰ѣһ˵ʧôô

жȻһɱѵĸоԼűˡӣȻϸõıʸ֦ˣ

зŭȴûа취̨˵ڡֻܲϲεŰšͼķ֡

ŻֲᷢŹ֣ԭл⻷ܸߴϣڰŵҲǸʮˡòӢ˵ͲԶҲͦΣοƢԲѧǰŹ֣

һ˵עڻϣֻ·̫̫ԼĶӡȻ·ķŭ˿·̫̫ȴ֪

ʵϣһʼ·̫̫ҲûƸšһ¸·ĥЩӲҪġ·ǿƵҪ·̫̫ͲԼҶմȾҡ
һǰ֮㹻˵⡣

·̫̫Уһﲻ֪԰ҩƻ鶼óֻ˵ҵĹֵȶǸճڰ̫̫ϥ¡䵽һŮŮȥ³ֻ˵Խû档ĹϣҪ·ǧ֤֤Ҳ˽ȷʵ˰ŵһЩ£նڰҡ

²ɣһͬʱҲЩþϾ·ڽ߹ˣ·̫̫ﶼǱţͿġ˾Ƿ·𴦴һͷϵİ̬Ҳ˸߰ø߰·̫̫кǱơ

ɾ׮ʮǿĻ£ĸ

˵ף˾ǲѵʶһ㣬ΪĶھǲûʮͻȻѧϳڣȻȻڡԼΪ𽵹ڱвѰ

һرʣˣĸɫȻʮֲÿ



̫̫ʱﻹ˵·ĸӣæϲЦտȥ

һŻһͨһ밲̫̫ѣŤͷһۿԺʹӰӡ㶵ؿҪͥԺӣо˶ҪƮ

νһ˵õȮ죬ȻʮֵĲŹۣɽʱ顣ΪŵԵʣҾȻܼҴ˹ϵܹһԳƵŵĽ䵽ŮļͷôƮ

æϼõĲˮ

·һҲǣҲǡȻûߣûиϿ͵ĵǿͣҲ˲ҵ϶·ĸһºȱ衣

ʵ·̫̫Ѿˡ߰Ĳӵ衣ֻ·вʣ˸ƵĲԸһҲãӲͷƤ

׵Ĺ̸˳ϾƸٷмУ̫̫Ųˮȷ·𶼺ˣ⡣ӵģһɨң޲ھȥЩܾŵ˼ҫһýЩ˿̧ˣ

ﰵѰſһ仨˵̫̫ĿǰҲһֵϲ£ڣܵʫһס

ûʲôʺͲͬ⣬¾ôɴض

鵽زʵѾûʲô˵ġǰ̫̫Խͳţ󻹹·һ¡һٵص֣ؾܾ·ҵף·ᵽ£ǲС

·̫̫û̫̫һɸѪﵽߵĻ˵ϿȾ

Ҳװǵº֪ģһתߡ

·з·˿ʯͷѹ͸֮ǰĵؿһ۰ţȶλͷû̧˲Ͱȥһͷ뿪ңصʱЪŵס·ͽԼ鷿

·Ҵ̫̫һûԺӾһײߡ

ٴʲôҲҼӲȣ·̫̫ǵж̣ÿæŴѧӵϢæµƲңûô˽⾩ǵľơ
ͷҲûٴôЩмһѫӵܣѧָӲָͷȲϡк޺޵һʮֿƵû⻰ڣˣȥһ£ٴǸʲôͷ

Ҳ˵ܼҵͷԺһӲضƨҷš˵·̫̫ĥӪȰ¶

ԴܼҵϢòºҵļֵһȻ㲻ʲôһżȥܼңҾ͸ˮǴߡܰűĳ㰲磬ѪԵϵǼϵġ˰ɺͰ̫̫УζϹȥ

ܼҾӴļ壬ϹȥҲѾǲСİϾ˲˽ֻῴ׼׹ϵ
νóܼŴѾ֦Ҷïĳ̶ȡӲǸУھ١·ұȻǲַܸģڹٳϲ·̫̫ǸԽʮֺݵĵˡһͷϵ¾ǵÿᡣм俴ϰͰңʱҲòºǸӡ

·˵ڹٳʵҲʹǡܼȶһžҪضĴ塣ǲ˵õӣٲܽ϶



Ų²Ĺ⻷ȷʵУܿϧϵܹ

ΪܼҼ̳ʵȨλãļƺһȱͲǸƵˣļ̳ˣҪʱȡǻֶ֮һɱ˰˵ɱֻûʲô
ǵЩŹֵĵߺԭ򡪡ҲԭȻðԭΪɣȢٲᵱŰŵȥ

ܹĿ࣬ʮٱĳԣİӺܿ

ǰһ·ң뾡취ûнһ

ԸɿڣһԽ߻ᾯǡܿ죬ͱ̣˭˰ϰĽҲܸɴ࣬ǧ֮أۡʮꡣڲع顣ۡǷֻۣ֮صĵعԱ֪

ν֮֮˵Ըŵĵߣȴ׷Źˡ米˺£û˱λ֮Щ¾Ͳ꾡

类ŵһգȥˡ

ҳ˰ɣ·Ҵ̫̫ҲȥһϢظУܶûȥûȥ̬ʮֱ֮ﶼһ̬ܵȡ
ò˵¸̫̫ʮֲõĸй١˼ҵĹ˼ӵΪоʮֵĲʡϣȥǶԵġ̫̫Ǿʧ͵͵ȥһۣ߸ǮӣҲôʧ
粻˵ôǵˡûҲȷʵ˺޲ôɱ£ûн̵ǶĸĮӣֵ²ؼ

˶Ѫ׵ǲˡ

ǵþѰһλְļҲǣ̫̫ʮֵ䣬Űžֹ֮Ӳվˡ

û˵ֻ̫̫

³ʱѾⰲ̫̫࿴İյһš
Ѿȵżɴؾױдġָܻ˰ûģһܻؾǾþò飬һŶġдŻҧĽ֣˰ȫֱ׵İ׻ȻвдĻɬѾͷĹǡ

űʱڸ̫̫ƸļҹŶ̲סЦ

ôˣŻףϴ˰űܻһϦ֮Ծ˾ҵУȢҵİɶġЩûߵ˼ңʮСﶼ̫̫ƤӵͣЦ㿪

ûŽźŷҪؾѾ·ˡ

Ҫؾ̫̫ڿᣬʵ͹ѡ̫࣬ˡ߶ţȻԣҪؾʱ˵Ķˣ

˾ڼݣվ͵

վ͵ˣ̫̫ˢվĻứصϡ̯ӳһĹ˰ſΣӡ
Ĵﵱʱ˲ãֵʱĸȥТꡣϵʮ꣬սɳТꡣ꣬ТѾ˫ʮ͡ھ׵ĲϹĸ˫ǲĸңôġ͸߲ɵͲͣǾôʮжʽ

ǰңɴȥԼѰ˱Լŵʱһ۾Ϳκΰ̫̫̫ɻܲס

ġ

̫̫תŤͷ̵Ӿð𣬡Ѿͷô£ҪؾҲȥ׼׼

׼ʲôŷһҳĿϬĹ￴ʲôûͷ棬ͷؤָʰ̫ʣһϰء

ʲôϰ߲ϰߣѾͷǶ

̫̫ģúͿҲͿôֲ⴩ζŪѾͷ׻ûйҵӣ˵ĸӲúɫ

ǺɫվӲͳˣŲΪȻĸٿɡϲ




113.  һһʮ   ĳ

Ϊɽѡҵü, ̫̫ɲϣų֮ʱ˫ײȫҲ¿϶Ůǰͷ̫̫Ϊ˵˰ţȻǼӿ˽ȡ, Ļ, лЩ⡣

ôһ۾Ϳôһࣿ

ϸ, ҡͷûడĸ佫, ˵ϰ, ü֮мӢɡҸǿЩãסŲҲܵסˡ˵, ĸǼҵӶ̫ЩôǸס

⻰ֱ׵ð̫̫ЩΣûסһ۰, ûͻã徻

徻ŰһҲνľǼ徻ô

ֵ̫̫˵ˡ״徻¾ûڵĵض

ڸףĸҲѧñȥˡʵ̫ó̸ģϲԱ˵ָֻšһղһվͲ뿪ؽ, ô˳Ӹ׵ȥѡŮ, ŻɢȻ޹زɷԲǿȨסء

ǳԵĵ˭أ
̫̫Ǩ˶Ӵ뱲ӣʵǶ仰ֻ˴ĸĳӱ̬Ѱһϱ߸ɴ಻Ȣ¶ݵӹ̫ãԽ˱Խı䡣

룬롣̫̫ȥ², Ҳ¶ˣпȥѧѧءܼҿǸشĴ壬뱻ܼ˿𣬿ɾѹظѧ

ŵĹصǲһͿ

̫̫˵ʧȥ˼䣬Ӵ䣬ȴû뵽صȳ̶ȡ˺£ȻѧĹضһɶĸͷŤˣ·ǡ·ҰĴ׹ҡܼܲܽ񶼱˿Цɣ

һҪޣ̫̫æؽ½̡

ѦǹͷģǺáĹض̵ĵģҿǻ˺ôŰܷܡ

ŵͷʡġ

ʵϣû뵽ŴҪôϸһ㶯λᱻ
Ҳų⡣ףҪѧ


ѧأӾáֻѧ˽ǣҲôʱա

ѧأܹڽһ߶ûһȴǽµҵƻҲΪöдЩƵȱ첲ȵֶ

дֶȫֻܹܿö
ϾÿֻҪնóжһöˣҲֶǼ򻯵ġֻҪϸϣֶܸϡǰܼҲѾ˽ݡŲڣܹѺʵ˷ŵʵλȥ˱Ż׼Ȼõǡ֡

ʳǰԼĲҵܹһʳµҵŵˡ˭˵ĺȷܼҵʹӶԴҲû壬ŮӶӣǽܵˡ

ʵϣܹʱûšϾڳ͢иְڡ
ѶǺСʵ۲ˣְλܹȷʵû£ȻҪعԭλܹѾ͢ȥżȫָ֮Żصԭλʱû嵽ӪصĲɵġ

Щ˷ֱԾǲͬҪûһ㹦ܹʱܻؾжǳСġæ£ڱ߽еһ䡣ˣܹͣظǡ

ھǣȻҪȥ

λСҪһ𡣲ܹ֪һЩϢСӵĴҲϡһңҮ󣬸ţӿֳͻСӦľ档ܹ˼˻ڲغ˸á
СܴǴӦϷһӴϡ
ϺڽһʱգȷʵζĺһһߣǻЩܲˡҲһ֪ܹͰŲǳۿ뿪Ҳ뿪Ϸ޻ѡ˸档ϺҲȻȻ뿪ݡ

ŵ֪ϺҲһˣʱ˵òˡͽ¸֪˰̫̫

̫̫ܸϷһ԰ŵշ;֮лϷŴĻһͽԺʰ

ҲôżڻȷסңǹܲլԺʱ˾˼

֪ȻĸΪ

Ҳԡôš̫̫Ҳûǿֻܾá

Űغ̫̫Ҳѧȥ

һգģŻ̫̫Ժ˵أһɱӰ㼱Ҵҵسſھһ䣺ӵѾִﾩǣܼҵſڵţ˵ǵһȥӭӡ

һ£ôãܼһͷһ֪ܼң˭

ʹҡҡͷʾֻ˵ܼҵĹܼҡ

ž֣Դףܼ˻ûгֹôͻȻҪһȥӭӡ԰Ŷܹ˽⣬Ҫ϶ġ

˭

ŷ˵̬ȣҲЩǽڴſڵţ

ǵšܺ⸦Ӷ¶Ź֡αظ˵ҲûͷҷҲʵЩ

ˣҴӺߡ

ɣ̫̫֪йŹ֣¾Щ׽ڴſڵţôȥʣ

عܣԻ¶档ͷ·ģûġ

̫̫ǲġûۼŸܹճദŰݣܿϵڱԶܼҵ顣

űߴٵû취ǰ

ӭͿһ°͸߰ư˴ڴ롣һʵĴ磬ʮݻʮȻطֲܣ֮һһһĳ򡣰ŵüͷ

Ϊ׵˼߳΢վԭأûǰӭӵ˼ƺ˵صѾ𽵹󣬵ŰԼ

վ̨Ҳûּ״һСܹȥʡ

Ϊ׵Ƴһ۲İţôһֲŷ·ǿðƵĺҵ妷̴ӣ˴ǰӰһȥӭү

˵ţƳһ׵İš߲ͣ㹻׵İһҵ妷˺ݹӾ档˺ݹӹѵƬ̣밲ҹĪҪĥ䣬˷˺ݹӵ¶ǡ

һ妷˺ݹӣ¾Щżվ߲ͣظʹɫŻһϽСŻŰ

ֻûţͼľһһԲתͻ˸С

һٶͻأ⧲û׼Ű氺ͦص̴ܼҲһ˲ʧɫǸ߰ˡҲ˲ϸ߰׷ǰŲʣ˺ݹӻڵţǺ⣿

к⣿˲֪ܼҵľƣſһ
һ𣬵֪飬ԭĸѲϵʲô妷ʲôݹӣظ

֣ŸͲֵֻ»ֲ

ҲǸˣôһ翴λܴʱ˵ŵĻףڸиԼҹүԸˡǷǶ࣬ն뵽Լҹүûܼ߾ͻһμ̳ˣ˺ܶࡣ

˦ӣǱȻʲôˣȻͲظ

ҲǸе̬С鲽ָʹߵŷš

ǹܼﻹʲô֮ɫǰҵĴžһˡǹܼҵʱ׵øֽƵģͷ亹ð

ǧ򽻴үظǧҪİŸһ
뵽үֶΣܲܰضظӾͿļûˡϾǿһʹүΪʲô¶Ը

ܼ亹ԽðԽ࣬ȶ˰ӡ
֪ﲻúŪͲðڳ̬ͼ˼ҡԵİҴšȻŷˣȻװơ

ܼҶãʵڵȲס㬵ؼݳ뿪

˸еİŻӺ뿪̫̫Ҳ˵ŷ¶˵ֱӰ£һϰµܡæô¡

Ӷ֪¶֪ſڵһһʮظ̫̫˵صŶǰ˵̬ȡ̫̫Ƭ̣ͷܼԸ⼸꣬ĳȡ֮ǲء

ܹս飬Ƕ˵ֻİ̫Զ̫̫˵׵Ժ

Ų棬Ȼ˵ʲôֻߡ

ŰػԭֻҳƺŮү̫̫Ҳĺöˣ·Ѿ׽ˡ

أ̫̫ʣ򽻵ԣܸȥһ¡

Ѿˣߵġ

̫̫һ⻰ʱüЦѾͷƶģﻹǺܿصġ

ҲЦеģɲǣ

˵ŻѾ쵽ſˡӻؾ˵ܼҳﶼӭӡŵſڵʱȥſͱΧסɽ˺ģµسǵ˰ԱߵСŶˡСŽڰͨ׼ͨС

ô죿˻û˵еĹүﶼЩ氲ż

ҿ˿ɴˣСš

ſڿƽǰŴСƹȥһ㡣ѾǿŰ׸ժɡŸɴֱ࣬ӽһͷλֻһΡ

ʹСŵȥѾϽϡ

һɽ˺صƤشӹٵľͷʻյſھӭټҵģܼҵģ鲻˶ˡڳϵӰȺһңûԼҵŮӣʱһ⡣

Ȼĳƿܹ񿪿ڵһ仰ǣѾͷô

ûӰľһûˡ

ܹ˲һ˵ʲôѾǰĸ˶ӿ˹

ˢһ³ӣסЩ˵ڡܹ֮ʱٵԱͻȻһŮӵ͵͵ؾܹĿһ˳ӿȥ

ȻһںԴſڹٵԱߵĲݴͷ

ü֮еıѩ˲ܻԽɽɤﺬһ˿Ц⣺ͣһ¡

Ӱ˸ۣͦס

ͿƿһӰӳһԾ¡Ȼ˹ٵԱߵĹľԣһֵֻݹȥ

Ҳû뵽ҲôࡣСƹһۿͷû취ֻܴơطȻпӣһ̤գſȥ

һֻҲƵ쵽ǰϤɤͷ𣺡ţأ

ͷһ̥ͿǺЦӳȻǰ

һûӦ

ܹȲԼֵݹԸȥһ¥Сϴ§СĿ֮±·ǿ°ֿǶûǹüĿֻʣһһӰ¸ˡ

һ˶ɵۡ

ǣǹ˭Ⱥʡ

֪

Ȣôûаɡ

˵һƷٵĹǰøȥƸ

˴˵϶𾪡ܼȻ˰




114.  һһʮ   ˫һ

һ, ܹ°;Ȼؼܵļϡͷ䵽ŵĲӣЩƤһ㼦Ƥ, ŤŲӾ㡣κϵֱǿ, §˸ѲôҲ˵, èƵĲϵϢ

Σ, ˡ

ܹ΢΢ֱ, ȴǻŲš˵ѵÿŰţÿüëţҲڣˣ

΢΢һ, ŤͷɫÿĪЩ顣

͵ܾˣҶһ¶

΢΢ֿЩ, ˣҲǸ˷ţ

ǷôܹѧбۿˣǷɣ

ţ

ԱܹɫźÿЩ

ǰܾùҸ֪󷽣ճճ𤲻á֪ʱᡣ̫ճҲã̫ġܹʮأһγ˼Ŀ, ûյߡ

Ƶ̾һ, Դڰŵļϣü֮Щƣ֮ɫţʲôȥĶɷң

Ҳǹģֻǵʱ̫ǰסҪһѰһֱӱŲ԰Ҳ¶ܹҪЩ˵˵ȥǽڣ鷳Źնû˵ģ֪֪, ´ι㣡

˵ţϽŲ

ܹЦһǲŲĲ䡣

˾ôƳģʻڡӰܹ岻ʣݲʺϳ棬ɵ˶߲ߵǰҼϴԺλС

ΪĹϵܹСʵ۵ױֻܹ֡ǵܼδʵͳĻס

ʥڵţүһЩ˵̬㹻Ӽұлعˡ

һߣӵĳſڱտͣȺͷĸӵ¶
˴˴ιĴҡܹµجĴԶ߽Ѱֵţҵֱܹ֮ӽ˶ȥɽҰιǡһأһܹ־ǲ˭֪ΪתĻᡣ
Ȼܹĸòǰ

ĸӶһҵȱסͷߡʲôܹԲһֻ֣ᷢɵӶŪȥ

һߣȻϽϡ

ȻߵҲȻӰעŲִ뿪۾Сص˵һ䣺ӣ˺ݹӸղѾ뿪ˡ

ܹӰŵļ̌ͷһ˫۾Ҳĳ̶š



ʻܹҪȥʥŲһڰ·ڷϺܼʡһ氲סſǵչˣǻ᲻ϰߣǻذҰ١

ûʲôסĶУֻҪڷ궼ܰš

ίֱ˵ԼԺӵĸڡסýʱ˵ǿܹܹһ˼ʹӦˡ

һڳϷֿֿܹл̡̻Űŵ֣Щѯʰǹס᲻鷳ϷûʶŴ壬ӸǼ֪Щ˼˶ӣŰ䵽˵ڼѹ

µģ֣οĸƢǺͰˣҲ㲻ƽæµغܲԺ˿ڼ򵥣ˡĵܵײǰơﲻصġ

Ϻô˵ŵĶٷһ㡣

ǾȤ˿ոպðĸııѡõĺǽҵ򵥵ؽЩ֮ԻԭҲϸ˵һ顣

ŭġƢĶ̲סĸŮ

Ȼ˺кĵ¶ǵĶСﻹƲϺϷࡣ˶ƿ֮ˣҲһ˵ĸŮٸţ̲סֳƿ죺ã͸ñ٣Ұ׽Ҥã

ҲǸõģ಻塣ﻹĵúúõѡӰ⻰ȥˡ˵Ĺءѡŵˣɵÿһ

ЦЦǾͰˡ

صſ֮ʱ̫̫һڵšȴȥ̫̫˵˻ȥ١Ҳ˵һ˳ܼҵվûôг

ܹȻܼҼ̳ˣ˴λûһСĿǰǸˡϵڵ֪ݵجıϸף̳˱ݡҪĻҪ顣
鷳͵Ҫһ̡ԽԽӡܼ˲żüã֮Ҳ١ܹڻˮ˲

ܹعԭλЩ˿ɲһ׮¡ӵ֮ϡᡯô򵥡λʦĽ̵£ԡֶǿСʵۡ׷ɹ֮˱ضҪһƤͷȻ⡣

ҲãӰսܳǣܽչһ𳤴ֻܹһӡ
ܼҵ˽ܹУӲ˶ֻԡֻҲϣջͶ޸ѪȻǸá

ܼҵݱѾ˵ҲԸͻҸɡ԰סȣȢϱ

ܹЦüֱŵĻǡ

˶Իȴ̫̫ܼҳٳٲתȰûãɴȥ˵Ҳв¶
ԭ㰲̫̫û¾ͻؽݣѷϷ޶ȥûôСð̫̫¶ˣͽϸļױӸгĸ׵ҲּܳŮּҸױǷĵģʮַ񡣹ּԶ޳ԿĵҸͼЩױȫţ㣬һߡ

Żĸԭ˼ױͻȻһԼмױ֮ϲ

ʱ£Զ̲ٿؽݵ⣬հᵽǡĸļױ֮ϲʽ׽⣬ǿԷڡ

ܹѾ׵Զŵڴ
Ǳ߳Ŀܴ˵¼ҴӦѰĳҲ͵ˣ͵ܹѵԺʽϸڡǱܼһԬڹܡ

ܹ¸˿еĴƹȻ˵ΪҡҡǰܼҶҡ콭˿е˱֣ϳܼҡȥӰҵڱ𴦡
ܼϵԺҪˣѱܼҵ˸Ū

ԬˣŴռһȻû⣬ԸµģƷӦҲû⡣ϾڽӹܰŵѪϵˣҲ㡣

·ůͣ͸ֲŻǲԸ»⡣ʳľͷǺʵŵġǰ㲻ҪģҪ᲻áŽʮֲͬĻ䷽ĲһĻҵͿȫչ
Ǿ̵ĻŴھԵ㡣
ȥֲʣܶ࣬Щɹ˵ĻĥۡȫڷҴϼҵˡ˹Ҳ鷳

⣬·ݣҲøԭԵĽ㲻صʳƷҵǸСԹϹϵá뵽й㷺Ĵʳƹ󴨵ȫЩҪãҪ֡

˵ֲȻ͵ءϺڴðЩڰſǲõġϾһ̨ǷǳġǼĶе̵á

ԭȵļƻ䰲رԵĴֲһ˽ġԭԵĴӹж࣬û˱ȰŸǵĴӶɽ٣λòʳѲ˵ճٵÿﺢӶģǳе¶
ʳֲãЩͲͬˡģº쵼˵ôǵأٹӶ֡ÿֵܷЩӣЩǮСҲʥĸǿǵԹġǸɵ棬ԼȻҲǵġڵ£Ҳĸһ·ҲǸԼһ㸣

ЩʵڲʺֲҲԴ㳦гԺǡſ˲Ϸǵ棬ʡһ㳦Ҳüޡ
ԭ㳦ܵϵԶһЩͲˡʱûпʹ÷ʳﳤ;ɱζٵ״Ǵ죬ͳɱܸߡһȣ㳦ҲỵΪ˱֤Ʒʣͽ׵ġ

ҵȷһߣڿϵļױӣ˳ԭʲ

ò˵šеʲһƽ󲻵Ķࡣ
ѹĸĶӣΣŶֻһЩءЩ̫̫ҲûŮɣҲ˲ٺöš¹ӣλõľ߰˼䣬Ĳ˵ʮ䡣ӵ£ʮĶҲʮĶμ䲻˵ʯŶֻǽСӡ

ŻյĹŰ˽ĲƲڵҲԺˡЩǮˣҲ
˽Ķ˵Щ˭ڹܣŻû˽⡣

˸һ¾˽Щӽһ˱͹ƹ֮ǰͻ˽ЩƷеֱӵֶΡϱľ飬ٷְٺá

˵ԭѹĸƵĺ̫֡˦ƹĸЩ˵ȫּūڹܡ޵ЩūԭϱӺⱲӶûԭļÿֻҪ͹ˡǮˣĸ

Ǯ˺βʳӵ飬ֻñ

ûƲܣʹӡЩĺ⣬⵽ΣҪû̫ԭ䣬֪ÿ»ׯӺĳϢȥһ£һ´һǧȡ

ЩһϸֵĲҵͷϻǾԵ̫΢ˡ

Ȳ˵˵ͷһ¥ھһϣ˵ͷõһү˵ǰյˮƽȾ¥һʵǲ
䰲صʳһ¶һٶʮңǵһ̫ϳ档˵ʮӺͽһһʮĶһ²ôӣûè壬زҪˡ

ʳǰŵϱСͰҾ¥˲Ҫ

ò˵һʲôгд⡣
ÿµĲɹʳĵĴͽ͸Բϡɱ룬нࡣŲȷǼ˳⣬ִһοԭ¡οɺϡһ˲пΣǾ⡣

Ųˣ¥ƹ¡ǽǱ߸ԭĸѾ߲ϵˡԴϴӽ޵Ժ󣬾ͽ¥ʱڸϣѲȥ븮ˡСеļױ

̫̫ͰǮƷܿɣϰױЩȫŵģǲ̰īһһΪףʱ򻹻һ̵⡣Ϲû㲻ȫȨгȥǼȥֻʱŻһ¡

ԭĳ̶ֳһӣǮƷҲĲǺء˵֪Ժ͸ýּױӵĹֱȥǰûмЩӵƹ

ѰЩ˶йһϡ

ȻҲû츳޷ַο¥˱Ѿ⣬Ӿ͸Ҫһ飺Щӵ˱˵ÿټһΡ

⣬ûܹشԭźˣȫǰŻ˵Ժ󲦹İˡּҵʹԴȥԺʹ󲿷븮ˡȴҲֻϵԺӣûеչˡ

ĥŽӵ˲Ԥʱȥһˡ¥Ǽױõһ䣬ȴҲֻ

ʱ佫¥˱꣬һû˯á

һ磬žʹżȥ˾¥
µ¥¥ھҵǱȽϵȵġ¥ǰûżȥʹȽȥ״˲࣬Ҳ١вϹ˿ʱˡȷⲻ̫Ժò˾¥һϯļ۸

ϵϯλһٶʮһٰʮ֮䣬¥ϯܸߴʮֻ¥һϯֵһٶʮ

¥״ǲһ궩ʮϯ档ɢ;Ͳ˵ճŵҲ٣ʮѲ⡣ǿ۳ɹͳӻƵĹǮһĳϢҲֻмƿӴ¥ƣЦһѾ

һţһѵЦеӭ͹롣

Ŵñͷ˾¥

¥İʳǾݻĶ࣬ĸĴź򡣹̨Ǳһţžžવز̡ߵʹӸ߹ȥ׼Ҫһ᷿ͿһʮӺԺϹŭݣһҪӡ

һŲӵ󼱴ҴҵȰүүĪ˷

˭ҪүüëҪôҵأҵһ˷ʲôүҪֵõ˵

ƹĽȥˣھ¥

أû뵽ڣֲ˷ôޡȥһʲȥ

̫̫Ҳڣ̫̫Լ˴ƣѾˡ

ˡ˶ţسȥˡ

ŵüͷۿıӰڴſʧŤͷ̨ǰ̵ˡߵʹᣬǰʣƹĲô
ǲ̵ζЦһûдʣ͹ٶ᣿

ʹûͷ¥һϷ

ؼˣȻӹ̨óһӵݹ

ʹӽӹ˸Ͻ֣һܹ˷Źʣʹźæǹͣŵ¥Сź򡣰ߵʹӴʱ״ɻֹһ䣺ղǸ¥ҵĹӣ

¥ĶԼǸء˷ҡҡͷǸƹҵĶӡЩ¥ƹһڹܣʵҲҲˡ

۾Ⱥ룬׷ʣ֪ƹĶأ

˷ͷ⻰ֵؿһʡʶмλǸָϽŤͷ֪ʹƹĿҪƹ̸

Ȼǣʹóһöӡŵ˹̨ϣһˡ

˷һӡɫ˲һ䡣»˵ֵؿվȺĹ亹ܿð˲ϲͿ첽ƹ̨ң

̫̫أŵñ洫ģҲһ

˷ɫɷףͷǣСȥ롣



Ҳ˵˵˾¥߸֮£̫̫ŷĵüɫ衣˵⻹ðŸ˵ˡ
Ϻйͬ⣬Ҳǿ֮ˣ۹ⶼࡣ

Ű񣬷ӻԳȥϢ

ͱС꣬ȷʵ˵ĸ˫Ժ󣬲ĸһֱδףŲöļҲơ￿һ֮ӲĲĸûռһˡϻںʵܳһס

һӣҪǿý˵ŮװͷĻ㲻

仰˵ȢؼңȢһǮӻ

̫̫û뵽һ壬һֲʣ﷽ǿøƵģȢʮ֮.Ż᲻ңҶʵˣôĸһ˶Ƕÿɫ

Ů˼ЩãҲǾŮӦͻݣȸ˲ŻլԴţԼҴýҲĺġҲôˣŮ˼ԽǿӲŹԽ˵ָźϵ

̫̫˵ڽݵʱΪ˺ڣͷ¶Ǯҡ̫̫һţʵ󲻳Ů˼ҳȥĳ棺ײףٿٿ

ҲȰϾǸɴң̫̫Ըһ仰ѾǺܸˡ

ƳŻãʮźָźϵ




115.  һһʮ   ˫һ

³ر, ˵ʲôؽʱͳ¥¥ᡣ
ҴŽͦŸԲĶݵش

᷿ǳϵ, , ӴսʮֵĴۡһ۾Ϳڴߵһɫȹ, ڷѩ, û, ȴһ۾ϳ
ʵѹм񡣶Ǳ׼Ķ쵰С̵ͦıӣһ̵Ц۾ͬ, һģӡ³ͷϵñͷѾһϸϸܵĺĴæ, ûüѡʱһϵȲɫ˿ĳۣŵųѥͷߣŴŻмָүࡣ

ôˣ³󼸲ǰЦ尲žһʵ

û˵ֻ΢΢ƫͷڴ, תͷʱŹ⡣, Ե̬ЩĮվͬĸ

һµĮ̬ȣ³ϻЦݽ˽

һϢѻȸ

Ŷǰıյҿʱطžһ졣³ͼĳѸȥ³ͷ۾΢΢һ¡û뵽ѾͷͲ󣬻ͦợˡ

вмȴһѶͷĺ˺һ̬ȣǲϵСˡС, ѹ˵㷿һӽС˵ϣǴСź˵Ѿߡû뵽һζʮȥﶼôˡ

Żû˵ϵĻ޲

᷿û˴ֻʣ³һ˵ĺò˵ĳĬʮѰھ³ûŷҲЩ

Ƴһ۰š

ģ۵úܣǸСôһʵѾףСһġ³úЦĵĹȻһסˣ΢΢ַ¡³Ҳ˵ˣڵصŰԼڡ

ﰲġ

ãŲŻؿ˿ڣƹæһ滹ǲס

˻һ³ϵЦݻһ

Ȼ׼СƢ󣬵˵ڵĻĢ̵́ȥƳţһ̧ͷպ밲ŻعߡĿ⽻㣬³䲻Ƴһ˫峺侲۾ͫ΢΢һѸٵͷȥ
Щֵ°͡ôֿɼƽίʵ

³˶٣̧ʱȻһϺ˱ԩģ˵ЦˡӣСūšūֻټһǡ

Ŷ𣿡ǳǳһڲˮЦݵġ

һȭ޻εѹһζЦأѹ

ֻ᷿ͺ³һͻһͻģЩ̤ʵ㱼ʶǰŮΪĲ֪µŮ˵ֶοɱȵҪǿöࡣ

С˽Ÿմǻ³Ҳǣ̽û뵽ȥ͵ĹѾ龩ˣС˵صȡһĳϢôЩСЩϹ˿н顣ƽչչ¥ǿ֧ŵȥĳϢС˶ûׯͷ֪øȥǡ

ⲻҪӴׯûȥͲ١žһ˱յҹѯЩ¶ġ

ʡ

ǰҷ¾¥˲

˲ŲŸտڣ³Ŀڿһ£￴˲ˣ

š

⼸գȷʵȥؽ˲ھǡ˽˲ȡ¶㲻֪ʱо̵ֶüͷ

ô˲֪һ
³Ҳ֪ⲻʵģˣƢۣʶ˵ڣ¥˲ǲõġ֮ǰҲ֪Сһǡ

һڣ³ͺˡȻɫÿɫδ䡣

۾ôҲܿ˱

С˲˼
³æֵСֻǲ졣˲ûǰС˵ôõ˱ģЩҪС˶鷿ĹͷԿ׳СˣҲֻ˷áԽСȥ鷿ȡ˱ʵĿ

˵ʱõ˲õһ˲еĺ˸͵ģûⲻ˲ǶʧԾ¥ⶼҪдӰġ˭ҽ鷿˱

űֱ׳Ļˡ
⻰ȷʵܻˣûܹʵָͱסˡ˼Ӷȫȫ⡣

ƺ°ᣬ³ֻؽͣǧᣬС˴ҪˡСֻŪ͵е˲ǲǴˡǾ仰һѧʡͷƶ࣬Ȼ̫ʵڡǾ¥Ҳһڶʵˡ˲˲˴ġ

šŶһû뵽ŴҲˡҪ˵ʲô𼱴ٵĽŲĲϡֻ֨ѽһƿ϶һͷëķ٣Ŷ롣ŵĵһ۾䵽Դϡ
û취ͺͺķٺͶ幤ѶԱ̫ԣ˲עⶼѡ

Ǹ˿ڵһһģһôˣ

³һ۾ʱһ⡣
˳Űŵ߿Լ䵽ϵϣͷӦϵưȥͣظʹɫκβûо˵
ֻڰŵĽǰضŰŵЦдģͦ¶֪ĻΪĸתһ룬ϵѾʲôһͳ븮жģ

һԲؿĨᡣ

Ͽ˰죬ûаֵĶݣЩΡ
ǴһӣҴҴ۽ʵﳤˣԽʱӡūʮżױʱ޿̲ڹСӡСӣ̫ˡ

ŶҭͷˣҲɵġ

һͻȻϣϲµû³ҭܡ

ѾѼױ嵥ҵϡµʲʱջ᳹顣¥Ϊõһ䣬ȻҪϸ顣ƹȻ˵˲ףѾһףȥһҲùɡ

һ˵ͻȻ÷ֲ

³ˣ֮ɫ˽ױ嵥ôԭˣҲǣ͵ˣȷʵýˡ¥˲ûô͹Ǿ¥ÿ¶˵ģһһȻ߰꣬ﲻգС˷˱һٸ

أֱӾܾˮҲܿ

ˮֻ˷öС˵˼⼸µʿ©ģģ˷ܵ˲֮ʱʱô׼ȷġ

üͷ˵ù

³ͷ亹ðͻϮ̫⧲һʱû취ӦԡǲͣظʹɫҲš

Ÿǽ͵Ļ᣺ټ¥˵˷Ҿ¥ĹǮǶյû㵽ôӪģôݻһ¥ϣһ꾹Ȼӯһϯ涼ܶһٶʮһӯýôʵڲҾͻˡ

³ҭˣ˵ɴͨһȥ
ڼ֮ǰȫû뵽ӣȫͬ⻰һһ䣬ʵͷƤ顣

ãϢŭϢŭ
ޱȵԼ֮ǰѽժˣȻһͷĽ䣬ǷšĬĬϵͷ󺹵عȥ

ſŻŵˣЩ¥ڹܡʣ¥ûնǲеĴҡڸ˳ŻӻȥѾ¥˷ͳӽй

³󲻸Υȥˡ

Ȼǰóеʵʾ飬һ¥ҵûգҪô˶סҪôǳʵǺãס˿Դĸ棬Ŷһ⣬¥ٸ³ˡ

˻ĺܿ죬һڲȥͽ᷿ˣ̨ˮ˷Ǹݸ߸ʮ£Űֺղ¥ѾԱһ³а˷ˣŴʮֵ档һſڻ˽
ͷվһ׳ĺӣҲʮ¡ϵΧȹֻӾ첲⣬Ũü۵Ŀʮ־

̸һְžͷ⡣

ݸ߸˷¥Ǹʲôүµ˷£³һ־֪³ϵǳȻһʣ³ֳʮǰͱ³Ū¥˷ѧ˸ͰˮôһͿ³󲻸ԭҲڴˡ
Ӿ¥Ĵ̣ھǵĳʳ绹ͦһֺòˣʱ߽ɵ¡ͳˡ

һ氲ŻͿ϶ˣ¥ûǿʦһֺóա

ԼǸӣȻƫӡ

仰һʣһ֪³ûѰűӸᡣţͷ죬಻塣Լ³ֳ˵ʮֲ

Ҳ˵һû³˷˵Ҫ˲С

ôУʻĲǰţ³

ɴ۾֪Ƿŭв˲ǶҵĶ˽Դȥ

СдϰߣκֵĶһݡ
˷ǵʱ˱ȥˣ͵Ȼ³ʡ³ͷûաð˵Ҫˣ͸˹ȥ¥Ҳʮ꣬һžˡֻô걻³ͰˮѹͷϣҪǰŻļʱѾǹˡ

ҪȥС˵סȥȡ

ң˳ǲܿ³û뵽˳أȻʱͱһ¥СС¶ܣЩҲ֪ǵЩô

˷һҲû˵ңȷʵֻһЩϵ֧

£Ƴһ۽ŵ³󣬡˵

³ֱʱŪôһ¡

ŰţԴѵĿǵСδ̫顣һǲǸģǰҲޡҵܵΪٳ־¥⣬æʮ꣬ûйҲп͡ôҲ˺ġ

磡˵ʲôأ³ҪֳǶңô˵أ

ѵǣ

³дʣ˼ӵĶʿС¾û·Ǿ¥ˣæô꣬ѵһ䲻Ļ˵ã

˵ˣ

̫棬˭£³Խ˵Խöٹֻƹģ㰲ң⿿ƹģ㲻±ţ

ŶҪ˶Ц¼һҵϣұߣҲ߲ˡ

³˲类ס˲ӵѼûˡ

᷿һ˲š

һµʱ䣬˲͵

Ŵ˴ιҪĿ˲ģ̇ɫļˣǲܰ͵ǶԲסҲֻܰذ¡ЩôӪҾ¥ģҲǺҽ֣óֵĴϣǾֲ

һ䣬Ŵ뿪ˡ

³˴˶亹乡

滹кüҪŲͷۣԭΪϵڱû뵽ڱҲôóԵġһ¥͸ôġϲòؿ̡
˵Щ̣ԭﻹнһٶĶ˸òҲʡġ뵽Щõ軧֣ϢһšЩôһٶĶｻһȥܣ

⼸ոŰܣȻ˼±ˣ˲һ㣬ǹ˵֣Ѿܴˡǻֻչ˹һʱա̫̫Խ̵ѹŲȥԼԺӣչ˹ȥׯϡ

һ㶣û뵽Եڣ֪ΪΣ
̫̫Ǹˣһ˵Ե޹ʽϵָϳ

֪ʵֻȰŴ꣬Ҳ¶˵ԼľҪߵġȻַܽ˵ļױӦǳˡ

³һ
Խһֱרעҵϣʵδעط顣ƶȸ⽨ʱҲ˶١ûǧꡣǵũﲻֲ࣬ھǵıֵ߽Ȼصظռݡ
ŶԹŴʿеũûи̫̫΢еҵ׵˼ңũﶼǰĶǧĶ㡣һٶĶũзֵؽʮĶίʵࡣ

Ȼ˽ũмۣĳʶеġʳһһҪС󡣷ֵũһٽĲصĲͲܶࡣŴ¼һĶĲ಻ɹʱļλҲһٰʮʯ
ȫʳĻϣ˱һٰʮʯʳﲻϡ

ϵʳһʯǮӣÿʳҲֵʮ£ũÿ껹ʮӣǳȥ͢ĺ͵軧ģһʳڣһû

ɴˣŶǸֵǸĹЩ

ĸׯӣ

ھպׯ˵һׯϣ˲򡣡ſʼˣͰܴĶˡ

Ŷû뵽˵Ѿþûˣ򣿡

ǸϳԵ⣬ϹʳׯġǼʿǲȥʳġٻ֮ҳԵõģǴӵ軧Ƕģ˵ӣиׯ˺Щӣӣִ𡣲һ¾ӣ

ᵽӣңﲻԾˮһˡ

˵ôãҲôˡȥʱʱݼţϹ㳦֮ûյˡҲпżĵԭ˲ϣҲһ

ع㹬Ѿλûס˸硣ӣ̸ⶪüȥʲôʱŵ·ݰŵϺˡ

˵Ϸôݡ£濴ˡƤ࣬ǲͨѡġƫãѡǰϺ㹬ĹֽʶǹֳüκöȻⲻ˶෬չˣʱڱֶôһ䡣
һᣬ歾ںЩָǰ˸ӡ󡣱ڹﲽСģأóԳԸúȺȣ˿ջܸŴ߳ԵҪȵġİװֲ˵ڼиݹ

˵յѡǻʺѡ㡣κεջʺ岻ʣݴʺֱԽòڵĹŮôòơ

λû£չˣȷλߵĻûڡʱˣȥŷŪʳȻôһѩӵҹͬҹµСʵײˡ
ˣտأ졣ѽСʵƯƯøһһ㲻Сʵ۾ȥСԺóԵġôһغСʵ۾ȤҲǵ˿վͰҹתơﻹ˼δϡ

˾ôֻ͵ʳƵģǴҹյһȥԡ歾ôһƷˣϡͿسԳƷ楡




116.  һһʮ   ˫һ

ͻȻðôһƥ, ڹⶼЩ𾪵ġ
ڶ෽歵ĳͳ¾ô֮ˡϾôһ깵С򣬳໹๬źĹ˵ӡʵûʲôüǹҵġ楴ȥ빬, ûʥϳҹ

˵в˲²Сʵ۵, ռ歱Ժ󶼹Ϊһʱ

Ҳʮ, Ǹꡣ

ﱾ˶Щ⡣Ųܱǲһʱλ, ѾܹҫˡĻ˵, ð̵Ĵ¡˵ˣҪҹˮϯʮֽȻ֪Ϊʲô, ˣ

ڱ˵ֻԼ, ȻҶ
ÿյвȡòôµ⡣ﲻ˵նñ˭涼ûһع㹬ָֻ˰

ΨһĸоӱˣźѾ߱ˡԵĶˣĶûио

ҪҲھǾͺ, ΨһǳŲ, ٹһӣҾ͸óˡŵӣ࣬

߶İŻֵתơ
ҲǺתƣǴӽͷβһ·Ӷһ顣ֵϵ಻࣬˹Ŷ֬ˮۡīֽ⣬ֻʣ³ʳǱʱƣʱĳʳίʵࡣ¥ʳĲɫΪ
ľ˿, Ϻ٣ֻζպҲֻл͵

仰˵Ҫʳ⣬׬⡣

һȵѹȥڲ¥Ŀ׷ʲԺǽ¥ʽΪʳһһڳԣȰ⼸̲ǻ벻ģɴ͹ص꣬Ե㡣

ĸ棬Ŷ˴㡣

⣬ܹʱܼۿǸ׸ġ
ܼҵЩħֶٶ࣬˾ǿȨֻЭķݡѼЩ̰ī֤ݺͰѱίʵķЩʱգѾܲͷտͬͬķϣ档Щ˾ǸҪɴǵ˺ˡ

ǻͷظףתͷСƳŶ׵ܹϹԼעⲻֺáһݳܺ⸦мƵͷĵؿ˿ڣӣѾĹǲǸðǡСŻˣ

˵ͷܹү峤ܺ⸦ֵܡ
ܼҵʮǳ峤⣬˵зһλĸףΪ̳ˡһġʮλͷһСǿɫµġϼĵλȻǸͿġ

Ϳκﲻһ֧ͷõʱ캣أʮһӣճκεճʮ׹һŸӣ䬡ʹʧԺӽӵԽ

ҲǸϻ֮ˣҲ㲻ϤĽʮʱ״ԪѹȵյΪ¹Խ֪ݡ

һ֧ʣ˽ȴ˵䬴壬˽в֮ʮϥӡֻࡣ˹ټҹҲ檡ʵȻԺŮĮ
ԶԽݣ¹ط롣Ժһ檣ʵһԺӵꡣ

ʵ¹Ϊϥۡʮ𡣴ʱƵġСܼΪ谮ꡣ˵ҲЦ̰ͼɫ䬶궯ġܹץ꣬䬵ġҲˣҪְس嵽
Ҫˣס黹ܲصס𣿵ʱɲǱ˳ЦʼҾԲŹƭ˹ټҹͷϣҪԴģ

ﻹˣֶΣܹϽͻȥͻȻӡ

Ȼš

˾͸֨⻹ֻһѱǷµ¶ܹǳƤʵԣȻƨҷš

׸Ļݵļ̳ȻͳЦ

ò׵ֵĶȥζԸ⡣ݶڶ棬˫ĿѪصܹ˵Թ޻η壬ϲסز

õܣܹտϣ͸

ĵһʣܹžһ±յվµƤζѾָν׳վ˵ѹ

ʶһ²ӣܹ̲סһЦ



ݵ˲Ǻ죬Ȼܹǰ仰˵

ܹҲøѴ࣬ԺЩһ뿴ȥѷ֧ˣǱҪɣȫҡ

һ£˲ը˹

˵ʯ쾪ľǶɵۣһֱûڵܺ⸦ҲЩ졣

ܹۿɫޱһԵسطһţһԲǷŭ嵽ǰ첱ӴֵָΪܼİ꣬һֱԼŽΪּƿСƤһͷܼҵģ

֣µһʱ䶼˲пڡۿһȺԽ˵ԽӰܹ߳嵶һľӡ

ľϵĴҵһأֵ˲˻𣬰ˡ

ҲԲߡ
ܹŴһˣĿȾڻ˼άʽ֪Ҳѧ˵ϰߣҿõߡ

˵ţӰ嵶ڰһһջصʡ

ǵɫ̵ġܹȥһ˺·ʽࡣǻմˣôүӦˣ

ǰڴҪۣһ̻Ѿ߳īߺڡɹڻͨϰϵͳвͨ

ʱҲ̸˵תתţѸ̵

ôһѾ硣ʮůͣУܿʮ֡ͣͣģһׯſͣ¡

ׯӲر𣬵̲󡣽ȥһؾ͹ˡ׳׵ѹǽϣŮ˺ͺӵġߺһߡͷĸͷĸˣŴ£ʮֵľס̨վһʮ˾Ĺ

һ͸ϽƳдô

ԣŵͷĿڳɨһȦЩ㲻ʽͻǰŵĺҲ¡ֻٺãӻǲһЩЩȫˣûбģ

УУȻеġĹ⻰ЦˣذӭͷŵѰպֵ̼ͨġЩӲã滹кõġģƽģصӶЩﲻҹԪԻСԪ

СԪ

ǰͥĵ治󣬺浹Ǳж졣
Ųò˵õ˼׸˼Ǳжڵ꣬йȷʵԱӣܰѡܴš׸ǳѲõĶǰ˿ŪЩڵͷܲʵá

ϾĹ˸жģ߼еӲһЩģҲպõȥ¡ҹײͷ¶ģ˭£

õı£֪˭ƵģתһȦЦеʡ

СԪƺǵһ˿̵ڲṹЩ£ϰﲼõġϰʱڹټҴԺܶЩ˼Űװγ㡣

Ŷͦ˼ġ

ùｫǽϹŵ˱ȣǰһﶼܴƵġڰϹЩ󣬵ʽȷʵǲ֪Ǽϰλô

أСԪЦЦϰϲҶƣÿնҪϰյġ粻ڣȥҼϽôҶˡ

ǿźŰѵݸתҪߡ

СԪ˰û̲ס׷ﲻٶ࿴ˣǲϲҲӰвٺӣɫʮֲߴ磬պõϲĻ

ˣЦЦСԪֻ˵ϰϰ֪Ƕʲô

ңСԪһ£ʲôãϰﵹǷ¡

лˡŵ˵ͷʹ뿪

Цеؽ˳ӣʱȻģµ¥ࡣūλεﵽӵԴϡЩĿСӣ°ˣӣҲˣ֬ӻȥô

ȥܹ߼ӣռõ䡣ŵǿ֬ӻ

֬óӲԶ߹ȥԼһĹ
Źȥʱ֬ͷΪ˵ǰû뵽ġĶЩŮдǰꡣһüĿ㣬һ˵Ƶĺվ濴һۿŹǱüЦʱƽϢ

Ȼ˵㣬ȷʵеı¡
Ȳ˵ǱߵĳӣдѡĲ˴ﻹ㲻ӵķΧƵЩ㣬Щ˼ġ֬Ҳѡˣǰѿ²Ȿõʵʡ

ҲûȥôͷšɫȥԽĵˣӣæһöˣ㵽ڶûšȻȥľ¥ʳøţЪϢЪϢ

ˣ߰ɣظ

æ泵һ˦ޣ׼̡֨ѽһһͲûᡣæ˳ӿȥô£

ֻԱһƥбͣڵǰ

ԭǸղԱߵӳߵ̫βε˰ŵ䣬Ϳˣ첽ߵҵߡǸԳĹңҶüһ˫ķվԱ߾;һ񣬵ǸԲס̫εûŰɣ

Щͳʮöû취Ҳ

һ棬۾͵ɴˡΪȻŴĻдʵдȶ־ԵѸٽаϳﲻǱˣ

ȻǹǸСԱ˼ţĺ򸮶ĶŮ񡣲֪ǣ

Ƴһγõܹġûаҵļһա´񣬲ò˵ʮƯŻ񲻼ʮ֮һòڹŴŮЩƫߣԼһĵӡı޳ȡ촽۽һ룬峺

Ư˭ϲǲԾعհǰɽɵĵŮš

Ŷû뵽εˣȻ͹ε˰ҹһߵüͷţ

͹ԼĻȻǴġڰɽΨһĵŮص˵ǸƧŮӲϲʵұȽ鷳ǰͷǸŮʮֵó谮һ֮ǰͻȻץˣ̵÷ǳ졣ĸŮţھС

ʱǰѩС״Բš

ȥ¥һ裿߶Եʣ˵ӵˬ죬Ǹçײ֮ˡ

£ҲôױŵˡűͦкøУȻȴ֮¥Ͳˡ̫ԶڸĲݺȱ裿

Ҳɡһۿ۵һļϣСӻͦθڣ߰ɣ

Цһ֪ΪΣĪ뵽椡

Яȥ˲ݣͬʱһֻϱ߻˾ǡųȥϱһˣûҵҮ顣ֻܴ޹벻ͨһĺôôԶģһʹͷ·ûƵģʧϢ

ҲˣһŶûСȻּˣý黹ǵý
ٻع֮ǰΪһǵýʵۡĿŵڴһˣҪһЩ˻ɱˡ

֨ѽ֨ѽؽվͶ¶ʳ

Ȳ˵һʳζ㹻úĽܽЩʳװᵽָ׬죬뵽ǸСѾͷ۾ҪܰǸѾͷ嵽֣˵Ǹӡ

һ۹ݶѾͷһıܰѽ˵ĿڴͿաϧϧ

˼룬ܾҡǮܷšĥžһнȥһǸС򡣾㲻ܰǸСѾͷߣķӶŪһ

Ż֪Ѿ˳ǣ֪һ磬ʮֵľˡ
ѵ⾩ǻһ˵ϻˣҲܺϵ˵ͷ·صִһһִ̫ŮԡίʵȤ֮⣬ԭҲϲ⣬ⷽ츳ڸĸʱͿʼ֬ӡ֬ˮ۵Ļϣʯ͹ŶҪⷴƫʯʯŋ¥ġ

Ȼô㻹ʲô飿Ŀ̲࣬ס²۳½ԼŲû˵ǣӹûæʵеûţСô

䲻һ㶣գգ۾Ц֪˭

ȻأҲգգ۾ߵô

СӺθڡСֻҹ˵Ҳĸӡ˵ˣҲҴˡ˰һۣЦôҸ㵱ĳ谮

ҵ谮ңҲЦˣ⻰֮Աǣϴˡ

Ҳǡ

ôֱӣ˵͸ֱˣۻͦϹġ

㻹ұ˸ݻ񡣡

һؿӵķϣèһ˸ɢɢӱȰŻִˡҲ˵ôŤͷһ۰ţŬŬ졣˰죬һؿ˿ڣҪ˵Ҷһˣ᲻ҸϹ

ţ

ϹôǱ˰ɣ

֪

ץץԴƯѵȾһĨ죬Сﶮʲô˾Ǹʮζ̫Ƕккһʲô˼̫˴ۣϲģС˵Ҳɣ

ȷʵǲ󣬲ò˵ʮֿΡһ۰ƤȳԴһ˵ķšִ˵ǳҵʡ

ֻǰɣɽʮжִǸὡ׳ꡣڹŴĻǸ游ˡŶʮжСꡣʹһЩֺηԸȢ˲١˵ʮˣôǰţ۲ݰɣ

Ҿǿˣܸɴ࣬˾ȥȡ˾׬ˡ

ţȻǣе

԰ɣˬò񻰣һִڰŵļϣ֣µر֤Ҹ㵱㲻õı۸㰲ǵҲҲϣЩ׬ӹɽˣȳһЩӡôĸ˵˵û

Ų֪Ϊɶе˵ģ㲻ҵϰ

ʲôʮꡣƹˤһͻô棬ͦġ

аɣžϲûͦرģôǱƵľͺáۣű˲ðǸ๫ѡԸУĸƫ֪ĹҸܹܵסҵģҲӦ

Ҳ֤Լһ˵̫̫⣬㰲̫̫ӦˣǱôҲ˵׼

¡ڰ֣㾡ͺáǱҰģҸʶ

˵ţϸһɹŹֵЦֻҪĸɿڣһӦ

ţ




117.  һһʮ   ˫һ

ˮ, ˾ʱڴ˷ֿͦϲŵģҪǾĲԼŸ»ټЦһ, Ҳų⡣

ɫ, ҹʱһ, űлظټӷֲڱȽɢ, ҪӲһٵһ¡Щż, ಻ɳӡһ⣬һԽ

Ҳ鲻һͣĲС

, żҲûáһһһ, һһڳԡ

ʻߣͷܳӡĿŰŵ뿪Цеط³ӳһ䣺ȥ֡

ȥù˵ģƽ˵Ҳ⡣

̧ͷ˿죬ЩżʱȷʵЩ, ɵÿĻ, Ӧü

߿㣬·

򲻸Υ˼ϽáӾ˸ٵ·˦ޡ˻һļ˳ȥ

Ǿ֣ŵҵ֡Ǿݻĵط鱦ʯŶֻֽǴڴ˵ءֱ鲼ԵʣеĶ˶ڴ˵߶ŋ¥ֵ롣

Ҫִֵ֮ǰ, סץıԵûסһԴĵ˳ڡ
Դ۵죬࣬ϽλĶָԭλ

ɫѾߵҹѻɶԷɹѾϲˣвɰա׼ظϤЦĿһһ϶ȥ
ʱһ粻ɡ

ǵóֵͣſڣͦȣͼսʫİɽһȺ˴ӵŴӸڵ߳
òڣһĳ۳һȺ˶Աȣĵò⿡㡣ûףʰøɸɾ״졢īûɢɷģƤŮҪˡ
Ǳ˵ע⵽ͣˡ

µջĿ⣬飬ƿӴ

Ȼһ̽ᣬǱߵİɽ۾΢΢һŤͷ֮ͬ˵ʲôȻתͷ߹ȥ

عֿ飿ɽ߹Զطվһ˫һضƾòף֪ƿߣպЩ

û˵ֻɫĳס
һֻ첲״ųĸ첲Աֵ̨߳վ޳һɫխȹιյıֱšٱ̫Ź⣬Ź⣬һˡ

ɽ߸Ƶģ΢΢˲

żȻһˣԲ赢Щ΢΢һЦ䵭ĮôҲô

ɽȾϲ֪С˶໰֮ˣƫ̲ס˵䣬ڣʫ˸ظúܡһ壬ΪķЩࡣ˵ǰЩʱùȣĳʵڸм֪ϲʲô飿ƹ죬ĳ԰ѡһ

֮ͲҳݣҲǿЩ飬ͷ

΢΢ͷȻתͽ֡

ɽſڿż˹¸ߵӰû֣в¶˼ֳ⡣ʱ˲ãҲһˡתһɽϲȾȻ֮ɫ

վãҡҡͷ뿪

ͬʱ߽־ص³һһƨƹĸǰϣûͷƵڷֱ߱ߡƹ˲̧üͷƳһЦЦع顯

ûסһۣҿʲô飿

µļӣ˽ĲƹЦøƵģӢ֮رƪáЩ˽͵򡣡

¶˼Σڰ֣һڣпտʲ

Ŷƹͷʧʮأ

֣̲߳ܵסգŴɰͰ͵ĿԼ
Ȼվһ˵̬ȡƹ̲ס۽ǶЦͷҲ̧˵պѻʫҪһ۵

û˵˰֣˾ʹһСų֡ʱţͷһɣһ

պǵҡ

泵һ٣Ӧ

һ߰Żصңȥ̫̫ԺӣžʹҴһˡ
񵢸Щʱ˳˲ʱѾ͵鷿ֻҪ¾̲סȥȻż˵ġ̫̫ææģȥһգʱҪæ̲סͽߵʹӶйʻ

һʣû̫̫ñţϵǼƤӵ̰īЩ꣺ʮ˾û˷֣۸˭ڹŵļױôµģ

ЩΣǴˡ

̫̫ƻˡ仰˵ӣܹ߳Ҳ֡

Ĭãֹһ䣺ϱǵܹµġ

ŻصԺӾ˽˲˳˲ĻһһʾĺϱӰµ̵ȹŴöࡣˮ˶˵Ѷȡ
һһʱȷʵЩ
ڿֽгĿôϸ·ػ񡣰Ѹֵ࣬һ£ҲܵóҪġ

˷˲ӽһֱݵʮǰŽ¥ӡǵ÷ǳ

ص㷭¥ȥ°ġ
ûϸ㣬һ㣬ӯӦڶǧҡеˡ԰꿴ȫ꣬¥һӯҲǧҡ³ÿ¥ӯĳϢֻʱ򻹽ݲãֻ
˵¾¥Ҫ۳Ԥ׼ҲֻĳϢ³ͷˮ̵Ҳ̫ˣ

һؿڣϲ£Ƿѡֲܴôõӣÿ꼸ǧãǼҲƶϵӵˣ

֪ɫѾˡһƬڣͷ۷ҲһԿꡣվȦòװŭȥˮ

Ǹҹ¼Ҳͬ

³ͲҹںԺĽڳ䴿Ľвϰ԰ڵЩҲóʮ꣬ȷʵûٶסⶰլӣʹЩūšԵĺȵĴõģǺõġ
ǰӱ˴ˣմ˶ġ˲ټҲƣҪȻࡣ

ϸϸһ㣬İһʬӲ

ϿŻƳγεĽĬĬһĺԼˡ³Ҳһͷһĺõûõóȥô

ǵʼõʱ򣬴ûĽ
뵱̰ĵʱ򣬶ǼʮСĿˡʱ̰˻̣šɸǰ㱨طְɲ˲¡̰ī¶һͷղס֡أʮѾǵθڡ󵽼ǧ
ôĿûһ˷֣ɴڻ㱨ӲȥôˣһûӦǲµС¥ĳϢʣжն٣һֶʡ͸̰ˡ
һζʮȥȴЩһõӣﻹôࡣ

òȥҲóȥ
³ƳγεĽӣһ뵽Щȫҵ˽۵ŻѪǲóȥһӵСţǮҪҪ

ǣ᲻ãʮ갡뱲Ӷˣǲٵô

³һۣû˳϶˲дʲôôҪǰЩһղļЩȥġָõ˾¥Ͳ˵ˣƴƴմգһ㻹ᷣ֬ӿǴͷ΢һ¶þǵ֬ˮӱȾ¥Ǯöࡣʱ˲ĿҪǶԲϣ޶Ҳض

֬ˮǮҲãûң˵ôࣿҲɵܰôúܣ˵Ҳ࣬һҲУ

Ȼ쿪һӣҿû˯ѣ

ҸЩ꣬ûҲп͡ױŴȥһ˶˼õǮҲӦõİɣ˵ƹ񣬲һ㱾Ǯ

ǮӵĳϢˡÿһغŪ

ǲ˵ˡ

бùһ棬

£

û¾͸Ͻڣ

³Ҳôʵʵû취һСڱϣɼ

ҹģӻˡϾԼ̰īҵǮƣҲЩūǸֽŸɾôҪǱħһ飬Ҫ˾ˡ

ɨɾľϵŽκͽ

ﾲģҹżӵĽ鱦óףͻȥѡǰЩԹ浽ׯʱĳϢһø

Ҳֻô졣

ϻۣϵⶼˣ⻰ͷô˵ܲ˵ѹʷ˽İɣ

³󱾻ʲôɣһھ͸ѡ
ȷʵСҴӳûϡʲôӵˣ˵ʲôҲáǲĵ˵ӾϽųɻ֮ǰڳѹ׵ļױҲ˵ùȥġϾΪĸĶһŴĸ֮ģŮױ쾭塣

Ҳ˵ùȥ۾Щһľһ£ϴô죿

Щɲֹһڴö³ҲûΪ˷¥Ӷ³ЩĺģԴþǿھ¥˳ǣ³ϴû£ӵ¶ֻ۱ֻۡ

ЩСĿûʲôһءһʹˡ

ҿǸ˵ˣϴɵ¶ۼסһ뵽һ˾ӦЩϴҳĺģϴҵĻǱؼҪǱҸʰˣá

³һ⻰ķ²ˡžһӡ

ŲںЩô룬ҪĿľûӦõġ
Щ˻̲ãǾͿˡ˶˶ȷʵеӵģһŴŮ뵽ôֶΣȷʵеġĿǰûп֬Ӻͳӵ˲³ǾԲˡϲһҵ̫˲ܽܣŻƫٸһλᡣ

ˣõĶˣǸƵĺð֡

˴ҹˣͷۻջҪ߼ضκõſңļûȥ뵽ԭÿֻܹõǧ˰ĳϢʵڻǲе̶̰ī

ܲȫб˽ҵ˰ɣһֱū澶ûУҲ̫ˣ

ˣԽԽͷۣ˯ɡ



һҹȻǸշתҹﲻ¶һ¶ʧߡڴӲɵ˯ȥ

һ磬Ÿɬ۾Żȥһˡ

뾩ǵĽΪ֮¥ӶڳϣؽȻطࡣǱӵокֳĻڸ仰˵ٹ˸ӵҲ࣬̿Ҳʮ׬Ǯ

ļλֵ΢ԵЩ

һ̵λã̲סզࡣ
ôôױּҿҲôԣȻҲûȥּңֻ֪̫үǸط֪ݡ֪ݵٺ»ҲǧӰɡ¼ٺˣһ㲻ʣּҵ״ĶŪôױϣ̰ܻô

ֻ˵ƶ󡣰޷ʿͨϰ֮蹵ĲƸࡣ
һпϵļױһͣһֵǰ
һ·ֵص㣬־ͺܲ⡣ֵط֣һͲǺ⡣ڸʲôˣָΣϴһô

ⲻǹ

Ȳ˵ŵ󡣵վֵſڣŸܵʲôͥ䡣

ټ֣ſһ˶ûСţһڹ̨棬һִֽддš걧żëӿǽǴ˯ڲ壬һĿ˶ûС

Žƹģҳ֮Ϊƹģ̇û̧ר־д֡Ա˯۾Ƴһ۷Ǹֱ۾һ˸Ƿ̵ߵŸǰ͹Ļ飿

飿֪ܶҲṩѿĳѵҲУ

ǣרſĳء
ͯƶ飬˵秵ģе˼

Ժ󣬵ǵͷ

ͯûΪǸŮӾ䣬̧Űߣƹǰ֮ˣҲֵ˷㡣ӵѧ֮·裬һһҲһʹǣﰮͬ־֮ˣܽ

ͻȻ֮䱻˴ƣһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô

ͯƹܵ˺棬澹ȻͼһڷΡ
ʱԱˡصĶˣŵֵ缢ƿʵضšڼ仹Сͯˮ˭ϲյûˮˣһˮ

ͷż˵˵䡣кͼݵ˼

Ϊһ굽ǮˣſһĻһ˲ʧ˶٣סͯʳһͭ⣺飬Ǯ𣿡

·Сͯһ㶣ŤͷؿŰš·ʳʲôʵ⡣

գգ۾ֿţΪӯ׬Ǯİɣ

ûǣǶƷи߽ˡȻŸЩѧи㣬ȻǲǵȻư֮ġ

źһ죬˶٣ʳһͭ⣺ƹô⣬ӻӪȥôƳɸ͸ù˰ɣ

СˣǽģȥﲻЦĳأ

ţ

СҲӴˣҪߡ

źסȵȡ

ͷһ⣺֪£

ƹĽй˵ˡ

ɫһ˲ɵˡ




118.  һһʮ   ˫һ

濴, ȥŷǬôһطȻ֣ǡŲֲ䣬λʵǱ

ͯ뵽鷿, ˲˳ȥƹ񡣰Ŷڴ, ӵ鼮ô߶ѵ, еĪ
óƹȷʵǰ֮ˡԼȻȥ, ʵҲ顣ֻ, ɽ˿Ϊһѧ˵𾴶˵ġֻһ뵽Щ鶼ǮģԺﲻԾðҼһ仰˵͵ô

ţ

ֵƹĺ, ˾ǰãź˲յŲع鷿̧һͷ, ƹüͷ

ſżɽôƺ

ѧģ־ʦһѧ־ʦǡƹƵһҾ

Ҳɴֱ࣬Թˡ

ƹԵƬ̣ԼߵԴһӣȡһ˲
̹ģЩ졣ǰӹŵݵŵĸǰȡһ, ּǳһһҪ, ûһͿġҪǣĵġ

žһ˲üͷƹǶˣ

־ʦͷ֣ü֮ɫڲزסѧʮĿֻѧѧǳûѧˡʮֻţ

첻֮ģסžǴ˵еһͰˮ, Ͱˮ춣

ûǰѶ˵ĻӸŪ¡˼򵥵һ¡־ʦƵģشߵòûѰŸҭҲٿڣɴµģһµ֧üǵκµ׾ûнࡣ

Ȼˣϻʹ뿪

־ʦΪǿ޻˵仰žô뿪ˡŮ˵ʲôҲӦԡͷҲصˣ־ʦ֪Ϊе

Сͯ˲ˮƹڣԴ鷿ңƹģأ

ˡ־ʦŲСôŷ裿̫ʧˡ

СͯһĪæǰƹģһұˣǵ

־ʦʱһ£æ׷
ſڽ˵ӰˣѾȥʱžЩ飬תһ룬־ֱ׳Ͼһֹţ˼ȥ¡Լѡ˵ǿڰ˵ϣΡ

һ˲һֶȥò˵ĸµļ䲻̣ǸиˡŵѾһһͻϮѾﲻʼЧָЩƹ˽»ͨϢϵԽԽ鲻

˱һı⣺ӲȥˣȻظ

һһȥֳټЩƹȥӪȻ̫ԣӯӿ϶⡣Ǳ⻹ǾӪƹ⣬͵ġ

Ŵ򿪼ױ嵥ϵļױ廨šӾ¥֣֬ˮ۵ҩġһʮӣÿĶͬ

üģⲻ˵ã̫ˡÿҵÿҵĹأܾͨĻĺûȫƹƾ˵Ų鷢ȥ̵ƹϽ˲ȥ

ĻӦŵȥ졣

ص֮ʱѾʱһ͸šŲ־ڵšüԼɫžһ졣

̫̫пеĹˣֵתʹ˾ͬ˵Ů

ִ֪ϲ񣬴ʱصع֪һ

ˣŴεǳ͢ҪšȻ֪ⶼתʹ˾ͬǸƷ٣йصĹٲְλСô򵥵ġ
ŵüͷҴߣôͻȻҹǰǻô

˵Ҳɺϣֽ󣬡̫̫ȥ㡣;ͬˡȥһ죬ͬ˴żɽ㡣̫̫ľӴһл֮ʱͬ˾˰ڸ֮¡̫̫Ϊ¶ͬ˾ָ󼸸ǰ񣬽̫̫һ۾Ϳˡ

ǹ󣿡⻰һ;ùͲ󣬡ô

ǹʮ塣ֵʱԱߣ۾ģء

ʮôУŵ۶ҪˣʮжһֹֻȢͱһСģҵµȥ𣿡

ֱⲻĻҭһ£˶٣ֵ̫̫ǿǹʵū澾ãʵʵ˵һŮܱĸ޽ٵشͲǸ򵥵ġū澶˿ǹƵ仰̫̫üЦҲ˵ã̫Щ

ŲںϲڰҲǡԼΪɣܾ֮й¡̫̫˵

ˣ¶ˡתͷȥؼӡع͡

ҲǼģӦС鲽˳ȥ

̫̫ĸˡŽ̫̫ԺӣԶдЦӽ̫̫͸Ͻ֣ȥ
һʯͷͻȻ£̫̫˶ˣŰͷӲΣ

УЩ£Ҳֵϵġźһ䣬Ҳ͹ȥյ֣ĸʲôϲ¶ˣôôˣ

⻰ʵ̫̫Ŀϣͽ֮ͬ¸˵ˣҹСɳݡ֪ǽţȻܵĻġǲЩͬһֱ߽ճĹҲʲô

ûλͬҵĹҲСЦеţ̫̫˵һ䣺˵ʮ塣ǺʵʮŮʮˣͱŮС

̫̫Ͳͬ˰һۣЦ˵СЩǺӳȣжȡ˵ڹжϰ֣ʫϻЩó˵ҲǶӣ֮˻ֻ֪ʫʻ˫һϲָͨ˻˵õһȥ

Ǿ͸ֵ˼ŵܲһͨ˶ûаɣ

̫̫ҭסˡ

ôСǵĸ۰̵߽ҲѧʲôǽȢָĸԽ̵ꡣŵŵʵҵܵиĸҶƷһСĸ̵ܽô

̫̫һԵģԵľûٶ롣񱻰һưˮžԼˡ

ſüͷ⻰Ҳټ˵ʱҲ磬˰ڷĸҲ̫Ϊ¶ġعͣع㡣

ôϲ񣿡̫̫ǲϲࡣֻǲ˵ǿĸ˫޸˼صľЩи֮ŮԶƤҪض࣬˲ˡ㣬Ҳܰ񡭡

һԸɰͰ͵ЦعɸЩƣܾ˺ϵ

ӵ˼̫̫ҲΪſǡѰһźϵĺŻҲЩ̫̫̾˿ˣعˣʹơ

ͬʱ͵ظҲǴɣ׼š
ӭͷڴſײϣɴеǰѯʡĶ֣仰ͱ׳û뵽ɽ˻֣ͦȻС

۾Цһĸ첲ȥҹ˵׼ʱ

㱻ĵһһ𣬵ͷ۷ĸ첲ܾع˲һҲôԭҪŵġǲˡʹӶֹת˸С



绹мƹҪðűȥС˯һ
ҹ˿ҹ˸磬ίʵһ˯ˡȱʹҡѣʮ̵ƹѾȫ˻¥³ýЩƹ˵ˣʱ̬ȹԾúܡԶĻԣͷӶѯʳ˺¡

ϴһ±ȥһƹɫ졣вΪȻģɫģҲġ˵˲࣬ڰСҶǹ̬ȡ

Ҳ⣬żɽ֪ʮ꣬ǹĸµķûǸڲٳ֡ףСѼǣĸ븸ѽĸµϤСǵΣҲǵľӪɹֻϱհǽһΪˣҲǽʮĿ

һ䣬˵һһƬȻƹŰۣԭû¡һھһػֱĳЩ˴ֲ

ʵ£λкβô

ʮĿȫСǶյľӪôǱƢıŰŵָ㳹飬žǻǡ

ǣСǿƣָհ²ǰˡ

Ǿǰ

һʱ۷׷ףƹվ˸࣬·˺ܴ衣

ҲϣҽԺ󣬻岻븸ײͬˣ½档£಻ɳӡȵţ״ֻطʣҸ棬˱Ӧλ˴Ӧ߱ǵĿ⣿

˲һ˶٣˷ﲻ⻰ŭҵȣԹ½ҲҪ档˲ͲΪ֮˵ģ

ǾǣҵΪô꣬ҲԸ̫˺ģ

һſڣ͡

»űͷֱ꣬Բ䣺вҲĿԺ˵⣬ǵȥɡԸᰴҵĹذáԸҲǿǡһ⡭Ȼ͵˵ˡ

ģߣԻߣҲ

һ䣬ѻȸ

˼ģһֱڸ³ϷʹɫЩ̵һû義ǷضμġȻΪ
ͣظ³ʹɫͼվ˵䡣³͸ƵģԴһԲһߵŹƹƲԣЩˡСȥʱһܺ˵̬ȣôͷ

ƹǻ磬ѾɥʧġЩһ֮ѣż©ԸգȻԸٶķѹǰҪΪ˸֪Ǵ¡в֮顣

һ䣬˽˲ȫȻλεͿ͡

Ҳ˵ͻȻŻ˰ʮƹǡǳ˰ԺһЩˡ˽ṵ̂īǮƣЩԼΣʵﶼ̬ȸûֺ˵˼ǿӲʹ˸˵˼ɣ

֪¥ͻϮ³Χѯ

³ѾĲƲȥڰҹ˶ĿʱЩ֪صͬУĻҲû˵һ䣺˵СҶ˰ӡ

ʯ쾪һ仰Ǳ˲侲ֻʣ·

ģûЩгЩĿһº壬󣬡£һ

˵գ³ϱҴ뿪

λƹɫÿǱģʱɫȻǲҰסǵֵƹֹסսսԼðҵԵͼТ˵С˼˿ڿˮҲ겻뿪˰

ŷĻ㱨һ˶ǡ

ЩͷǩĲࡣ󲿷ƹͷһݹǮһݹǷ¶ɲǩūͺôáŲӦǣ׷ʲǮĿģ²᱾ĩ

ͼذĳЩֲܹ߰һЩµķ֧˸ϳԺ󣬱רĵʰ

ʵϣԴܹ£үӾѾ˰ڲ顣ܼҲϵ˽ҲרùİЩĴֻм֪

ĸΪһͱʵүӵǰ
Ҳ˵үڵ֪ĸ˽µҰģЩһֱڶܹжŭʹʧ̳֮Ҳֻݼ̳СܹӣҲܼҵϵүӵӡǵճǶĵճܺ⸦ʵһġ

Ȩƴǵ̹ô򵥣̶Ȩ޼ǵүӵλҲ˲ٲü¡ָĺݣܿܣԼôġ

ȻݼˣҲֻǸӡһļ̳ˣܹһ˶շӰչܽ˸Ŀŵزլ뿪ǡ
ЩүӶûи档ΪҪȼλõ˱ҪסЩ顣һλᡣȻܿϧͳļ̳˻Ǿ͸ýһнүӰµ֤Ȼȫ֮ڡ

߽ıӣѱܹѶһ¡׮׮㹻
ܺ⸦ĴҲǳɴ࣬裬߳ף׼̤ܼլ벽ʲôƾ

ϣܼıֳı̳ˣ˽̹вƲû̡ȵȣүޡӲΥ˼᲻ϣҲд顣һһϱ㱻աܺ⸦ѡһ߰籣һơ

˵ǰʱЦһӣ˲һ

ϵҲûĻԻͲŲ߽⣬˶ݡѡһƣ֮ǰ֮ԣŵһܣԵܼҵڸͻңܼҼ̳˳ҵĶӣң

ǰǰģѶլԺܼڣҲҷɥ

ܹģ̯ӡ
Щźլֲ֪Ѿúܳ͸ܼլķװû˷һžСլլŮӵֶϸ緢˿Щ˾޿ײ룬ܹ񲻸Ǵֵӣ޽Զٿ

һϣϡܹæլ

Ҳ֪Ϊ˵ĻڸҴػѪڼͷˣʱһĪּܲ͵ңں󹬵Ҫš

ŶЩɵۣҪңΪΣ

Ժһ飬ܼҺûж󽥽š¹ȥھйŮȦѾˡҪ

̫̫Ҳ֪Եɣһʱ𡣡

˵ţ̫̫ƺɫ˲ùŹ֣˵δ֮ǰЩꡣʯĳһֱΪ±һֱûɡ

ĬĬڳˣ¶ҪģʥҲ̫˰ɣ

һ䣬㱻̫̫һƣԣСĸǽж

ţ




119.  һһʮ   ˫һ

ʲôʱȥּ֮ܲʱŲ, ǰ̫̫Ӵġͣܲ˵š

պ󡣡

պǾͲżȻﵽʲôҲû̫ġ, ȥܸݸš͢ӦñȽ϶, š

ŵĿŲŵݹܼſ, ͨصݵܹǰ

Դӽһ, Ѿܾûۡ
ſڶһ, ɲǣܹ˵ԶԶġԭŴеȫʽŰݷãûϰ֮ǰҪܼҵľǣŵϡյŵĿź, ܹͻȻͱסˡʮ

˲ʱܹ˽׼õİ, ߸

˵֮ʱѾʱˡɫѾšֻǰ˶ĺŻƵĹ⣬ܹڰΧתһȦڿҵһԺӵĴ

ôʧ񣬷ǳϹأܹ˩һ, һԾ˰Ҵլ

ʱŻ鷿ˡʮӵĽ˲ȫ, ȷʵ̫ˡŹǿ¥һҵĿͷǣȫùûаǿġ

һƬ̣Ԯ

Ԯ˵ȻԶĹˣӣʱҲᷴ˼Լǲ̫ѹեˡܸɰ׹, ԹġŪôһЩЩ˼ҲܼҵôˣþûѵЩ

˼֮ʱյĴȻžһ죬ʲôҴϡ

һ㶣û

žһһ졣һߵüͷ̵վߵߡôվڴߣûܹϸӰӰӡ˴ɴϡȻ˰û̲סţңһ´

Ц⣬̵ؿ˴

ƿһ޳ӰǰɫıӰϸʲôվ¹жЦ

ź죬ſڣôʱܵԺˣ

յϢҾˡܹ˵ֱֱ׵ġѧЩҧĽ֣ûж԰˵ҿɷȥ

ðҹһλδŮĹ뷿ǾΪ𣿡ſڴߣ΢Ц

ܹǵͷһ£ǾΪʣܽȥô

ԡŵͷ

ܹ̲ס۾Ц

ŵĹ뷿ǰ̫̫õģ̫̫ཫõʲ趼Ů⡣ϵȵϺ鴮ӹſϣԿóˡܹ۾Ƶûж࿴ֻǶŰϸĴûģֳЩ
ʮʱ仯ͦεı仯͸ǰ⻹ǸɬСŮͤͤٲȻ֮ˣδ˰

ܹ䣬ʶصͷԼؿڡ

ȻƳ˫ͨ죬࣬ȻʶԼ˼¡ЩΣ˵ʶΪɶ󡭡

һƨԭλȻһϤϢƱǼ⣬ܹ߹ڻС

һ㶣˶٣ֻס

еصͷôˣ

ûҡҡͷ࣬еۡ

ܹһۿ϶ѻɽ˱Ȼ˱ŵһߡŵλϣͷ

ţôûôԾ

ܹҲû뵽ԼСϱȴ˿һϵˡǰžһը죬ɫһ̧ͷѾҹСϱſһ˯ˡžһ±ʣܹಱӲŻߵߵ齣èƵſ˯

ڰŵǰܹ۵Ⱦɫ²ʱҲࡣ

ⲻ֪ʱ˷磬֦ɳɳ졣ܹãƵĵƹԽԽֵٿһ˸ˣźЦ˴ᱧ
ŵĹ뷿Сܹƹ紩һŲŽ˷ŵԷĴϡﾲĵģҹܹǵͷһ£˴ʣת뿪

߳ޣתͷƳѻɽܹüģ̲סЦһԾϵһ˱ߡ

Ҳ˵˯ʮְĵһѾǴɹ͡Ǻ˽ȵжŶˮźϴЩգĿô໹ûꡣ

Щɣ㿴ɫЩЦ⣬عѾˡ

ڷɵİţ

²ҵ飬ϽϴŶˣĵӱϽȥͱһͳЦŮסʲôҲ

̧ͷһһɫĹɳȹԺӵ̨档ĵĳϣϸʤավ΢΢ϥһ񣬺Цس尲ſڵع˵죬Ͳ̫ڻȣū澾

Ц˵ĸоĺִô

ȹüж˼ŮζҲֻڣЦúˬʣùˡЩҲõ¡

žϲָɴģ˿棬ǵģ

ɡ

̨̤ףıӰֶĿࡣҲû͵˱׼ˣ̫̫ðšūͻȥˡ

ûгĺʡĹأⷽ浹ɵĺܡǰڰʾȥ񻶿ĽŲһͣ尲żüŪۡһ£գգ۾˵ͷָĸһðžͻȥһˡعһ밲

̲סһ˿Ц⣬Ƴһ۹۱Ǳǹĵ񣬵ͷūʡġ

һߣüͷһЦݡ

ǱѾȥţֱӽŵһ۾Ϳ̯ϵ˱֪ʶûȥѰŽ˱պá
߹ŷ֣һ˲ɡɫʱһ䣺㣡ˣ

źʹСܹôˣ

˲˭ˣû뵽Լһ˱ֻʣôʮ˱һٶ౾ҵ˲أ˭ˣ

ʹҲ֪ƽݴɨǵвġʱʵЩţ񿴵أ߹۾һɨƳ̨ѹһСֽȻͲù˼˽£һ䣺ţ㿴̨ǲѹʲô

ŵͷһȷʵѹŶһֽ

̫࣬Ҵȥո

ţʧˣȻҹˣ

ֶдĲŲԱ͵۽Ƴɷ壬ǲһ˲ֶôԴ֣֮

գ˵ͷмӡ

ѵ״˼ȷʵ˵СﶨףĺܼǸ¡ǲϲ̫ڳڶԵø߸ϵӣùӵζһ̫һٻͷСоССѾͷģͦϲǸӣǺȻذѻȥ

Ҳûиܹ˼䣬ʳһȥԵ㣿

Ƿ档Ժеʱ̫࣬ӷвӡŷ˱ûšŸɴ÷Ӹеĳѧˡĳͳı˴ˣζʮֲǸ̫̫ԹĲˣŶȥԼƳϺ¾ľΪź״һ׼Ҿߡ

Ҳ˵񱱷ѧģģ񿴵Ȼðһ䣺棿

Ÿճһڣסˣ˵ʲô

ʵҲ𾪣ЩԴѾöûмôڵ档ʱһڣζҲʮֵصǸϵĳĶˣ

Ź˲̣ɿذɽȥղ˵棿

㲻֪ΪŲ֪ЦЦǸӹ±˰ɣ棬ǿĵطСʳû뵽ھǳԵôڵ桭

ſӵ΢΢һ£̲סɴ۾
˶٣һż䣿

գգ۾Ĭ˴ԼʮźȻ۾

Ŀӣ˴жǱ˴ܶ˼
Ƶģ־ϲ־žһ˿ӣȻ֮ͳһѱסšһϮŲûȴԱţʮǰͧù纣89˶Ÿܣأ

һǰ95ܲáš

찡찡ҵ찡û뵽ƵطȻ磬ᶼҪһƵط¿طܶʮ꣬һˣ
ΪⱲӶҪ롣̫ܳˣ

ţҴԼΪʲôʮкˡ

԰ɣСкʲô˼ҿûǸȥ庢ӣкǴ˸ɵ¡촽һЦһ˾ζִԵһҵģڶʮߵ²ȥ֡͸պãͲӹգûÿȻмƿе㷳ʱûƿҪëˡ

֮˵覲褣ǿܽܡ

Ѿ֪˵ʲôˣɽִȷʵᡣ

˴˵ͱԺԭ΢ЩƵվ͸Ǣˡ˱ͺԵʱǰ㲻ԼˡһûͷƵĿŰǧʹѾֻ̰ͼǿɫһҪģ

аɣҾ

ſٵسž̫̫Ժȥ

̫̫ʵҲһڵˡ˵̫̫ʡö࣬ǰּˡ緽˵ģܸźϵ˽ܱȺϲǿ
ʧ̫̫⻻µѡ˰죬û񣬷ԼҲĶӸȻɽææشͷҲõжϡӻݵĴͷϸϸܲһϸſڵһ仰ǣعˣ

̫̫ʧ̬İɽ𾪵ͬʱЩʧ㲻ǳŻͣ

ɽЩΡһ̫̫ܿ˸˸պ±㲻ȥˡĸײʶЩ¶ôͻȻ

̫̫۾޲ý͸

ɽͨ죬һ˻ëͷСƵģǽΪ顣

̫̫ҲѿſһջߡյľغһյȲȥĸоֱ˱䡣ԭȰɽû̬ȻǸǸԼҶӶűֳȻøЩ

Ҳ˵˽Ժ֮ʱίʵû뵽ںԺİɣȻڵضס˽ӣű׼õĻ˵ڡһ˵ǲŮŵʱڳġֲǳôô⣿
ɰɽȵλϣһֶŲסװһ˾ģͨĶ⻹¶Ρ

̫̫ͷһؼ񡣲ò˵һʮֵľޡ

Ŀдһ˿ӵӢǹ鶯ִϻ۵ܴɳ޳ֱ֫һһŹۡ˵֮˽̫̫֮ҲϲεŮ޶ûأһ۾̫̫˺øС

һڲˮƶŻ߽ĹĿתӣΪصʵȴ˶㲻ƽ߰ŵİɽɡ

̫̫˽ü£ɽźƻعƵĸϽͷ
ʱģﻹи֮˵ĳȣ۵׵ȸԾ֮ɫƵģͲֱ׵վˡôڳΪٶ꣬ôһԿ˶Ρ

̫̫Ҳûסͨ죬ߵġҪпڣֱӰ˸ϳȥ
ôһ̫̫ʲôûˡԭȻؿ쿴Ʒʱ²ȥ񣬶ǧԼҶʲôõӡ

ĸǰһϥһ

Ҳһ

Ǳ̫̫û˵ɽæعﲻض񡣡

̫̫޲棬Ƕˣ

ǸóʵģӦ졣һ̫̫״֪Լٲ˵Щʲô̫̫ƾҪʽɽ֧ȥǺЦؿ˿ڣԼ밲Žʵĳ˵̫̫˵ҲԵ֣һʡҲϲϵ飬һģȻʶˡ

ԭˣԵ֡Ҳʱعֱعϻ۹ҡ

һ򿪻ϻӣͺ˵ˡ
̫̫Ͻ˿裬״ֲشļ˵Ѿĺ򸮰˽

һסҲ徻Լ㲻ĸ˫¶ֻҪһ֪̫̫̬̹ӡּ˼֡

̵˴ùϵ̫ײŲһǿԼ˫һһȥϱӾǰ׸ĸʱǳԺֵĶ棬ĸȥԺŽҵһͼŵĸλãȻҲ򵥡в̳ݵȻҲ˫ߵĽϲ׾ٵ¶

ģ̫̫ͱֲ£졣˵ʮмɣάĻ˵Ҳ·ʵ⡣ҪһôİŰ仰岻ϣһ̫̫ͱˡ

ţ

Ҳû뵽ôΪɽѾǸ̫̫Ҳº֮ʱڸпһû˳ˣɵɵ

㲻ûʵǱ飬۵

üһ°͵ͷ۹ⲻ˸˼ҡ

Ŀ뿪̲סһ

ۻ̫̫ԺӣҵݾͶˡ̫̫ģǰɽİġʵϣɽԭûҵĴ㣬̫̫˽æȻ죬Ҳ㲻ġһ֪Ҽҵ֮УͲų⣬ϸҪˡ

ŸսžͷɽʮּᶨصعȻǸȻҲáĸףҲʮ꣬¶Լ

ˣ¶ҲˡȥԼӰɡ

ĸ˵ŻŻԼԺӿˡȻ˴룬ʣһСǶ뾡ӵȻûתơ

ֻŻصԺӣһȺ˴Ҵҹŷ

ŷĨһѶͷĺҴҵܼǱ˹

˵ţָ󣬡Щ˵δүѡġ

һƳʮ´һʮµĶٸǰźƵԲһ˫۾ȴڰԶĵطվū澵үǵġū澵ȶйʮ̹ľ飬¥ūµ̡кѴ뾡ܷԸҵȡ

ţҲ̫ˣ




120.  һٶʮ   ˫һ

˰, Щ̾ͼ򵥵öࡣӱܼҵĲҵ˵ȻǼࡣЩӵ˶ܹ񲦹ˣȫһġ
ԭЩƹŰף˹ǻõġܼ⼸ƹ񼸷̰, ʲôС˼øɸɾһɫ, ˵Ӣ, ҲʮΪ׵ŮƹѸٽЩ̵״˽, ĸ﷽

ԭĴӪʳ, úõӣʵûһҪı侭Ӫݵ˼ЩԾڿʲǮ, ȻҪﵽ⻻úõ, ǱȵģӪʽԼӪҵҪ¥Ҫġ

ū澵˼ӢﱻɹʵѾǵڸ˰ţģʮ, ū澵ȱض

ûвĵ, Ҳῴˡ

齻Ӣˣվ͸պÿճճҲûпճʱЪϢǸʲôʲӵ֪ôһ£ʱѧһѧ͢ǡ
ҹʲôҲû˵͹ǵðɻˡ㵹Ҳðŷֲַصˣʲôõ£һȸ֪Ȼʲôû˵ǾζŲҪ

һ, һִʹû
˵ʵڵģϱӼ̫ΡĹȥʹ˴ʹȫûб𺳵ĸоͷβ޶ԡǸź·һ·ϲͣشŵɫݻĹ֮͢ɫɫô

۽ƳֻġֲǼСӣòΪҫۿССĹжϲ̨棿

ŲҫűŵӴ⹬ĻȡԼĪյǹ١

ƺű˸֣òӹɵġݰסһϺĹװ֫ļϸжϸϸŪΪ񻡣ŵĵһۣü۴ӰشһȦе֮ɫȫΡ

ҲôһԼȾޢһƽƽһС治֪ӿʲô

ŻǰһϻǸ֪η飬ЦһҲ֪

ǵЦһͣб۵š

ţ۹۱ǱǹġɫʱͲÿˣҵĹĲһԭΪǸͨСӴúܣв䣬ߵĹǰһ˭׼˵£

ΪҪ˺ôŲǿʵܲ˹Ŵȥϰߡѹںϥǲô׾ġ

㣡ǹţڹҫˡƽͷλǳǳ⣬ûһͷʱɫЩǺ죺Ϊǰ˭һƷСٵŮðǵ죡

˵ţҪⰲŵֻǸһȹһþֱ̫ӰԼ˦ת˸Ȧ˵һԵĲ輸ϣײǡ

ʹһףŭˡ־Ҫ֣Ȼһ졣
žй¼ݵ

һŵùϥһϡַɿѣϽ֡ŵüͷʱô

֪ô֪

߼ӵֽŷɿݡһ˲䣬ղŻ˲任һĵЦƳһ޹ؿİţһ˿ּʧǣȹڣæؾܡ

һԿĿ࣬˶˲ϰţӵظȥ
ܿ죬һɫ۵Ŀ˵Ĵӵ߽һ˫ķӣȴһŨױĨ޹䡣޳˶еϸȴԵŮֻ˾þƯ

Сʵ۳Сʵ˵Ǿסˡ

Сʵȴϰ˱ͷһؼȻ˫Űš˫ֱ˵Ĵӵ»ŵǰһ˫۾Ҳ´˰šζŨֻǵĺ棺ǰţ

ԣֱ̫ͦͦվţϵң

ȻСʵ۰°ͣǽ̬رһֻȸػһӣĹɫδ䣬˲˳ȥСʵһƨڸղɵ£Դ԰Цʵ˵Ϊùϲ˻Ǹˣ㣬ȴһԭ˵ĸо

ʧأǾ֣ûоĸСʵƽ͵Ŀڣƽ͵ػش

һԵӶҪɳȥ³ܹ񣬾Ȼʵôӻʵ˵ͲͻȻ裬Դ

ʧҲ֡СʵЦеģֻǾô֡

˳ƱЦЦǽ߳īߺڡһˣٶе񡣡

⻰˵˼Сʵ۷СͲȴȤ˵ʮóζȣóɫŹֵͽϣ

ŰһСʵۼ״ֺǺǵЦ
ЦʮֹŹ֣ҲԸСһֹŹֵ˺šŶ˺һеԴСʵۺƲôڵطſʦοޣ˵޻Ҫл㣬κʦʳ֢

ᵽʳ֢үӣ

ԣСʵڰŵĴ°ȻҪ󣬡Ÿ

ţڻɴּܲҪʵСʵ֪ۡСʵ۴үǶ˶¶ĳղôĺ档

ʵŲԼĳǿ˵ʱڵζƷٺʳ׵ĲͨûкôڻͨһֲҲһǿЦЦүӾúã²úáζֶʼǡ

СʵۻЦ⣬ޱ顣ЦʱʮʵĽ

ûСʵ۷ĳ档һԵ͹ѾɪɪˣҲֻǾЩְˡ

Сʵ۶ŰſãȻһЦɣòóԣ޶ԡ

Ȼô˵ˣҲ顣û뵽ԼȻǸʵҲþûˣЩǸ˸°վŤͷСʵۣŷĶ

޴ȥСʵüЦվϰţʲôʦϲĶ⡣С˵ζá˵ʲôã㵽ʲôأ

Ҵţǿܻ𳵣һţҴȥġ

СʵŶЦֱĴȣֱ

ؿΪƺе辢Сʵۣ˵ʲôáСʵ˵ЦðδĨĨҪǱѶ㣬ҲŪ

ţ

һԵѾȫûˡƵಽظСʵ󡣳ʱſľȫʧʱŵž塣
һ㲻Ҫ־壬ֻǲ֪˵ʲôáһ֮Ȼӣʵ˴۾˵֪ʵǸС˵磬վǰ̲ס߼ȥ˼ҽӵûô

û⣬Сʵ۴Ű߳Ӵ⹬ֱŷķȥߵ·֮ʱͻȻһ˵סȥ·Сʵ۾ǰ޳Ӱǣôˣ

ںһİٿ̧ͷͿһɫĽվڲԶ

ע⵽ŵĿ⣬΢΢ЦЦȻ󻺻ǰһǰ˹ͷ¡ҰдϰˣǲӦ͢ءͻȻȻҪġ

˭˵İСʵЦеģּܲ

ԭˡܹ䵭Ŀ߹˰ŵߡɿɨ£ŤͷСʵ΢΢һЦ½⳼²һô

Ȼǻӭ

Сʵܹʱˡһһ۵ģмص˼

ż״̲סƳСʵۺüۣƫȥûһͱܹ

ţ

ܹĿǰһ˿Ҫҿ

ţ

˵˵˽˲һŷСʵſھ볢Ͷ罷ͷζүᵽġ
Ϊ֮õĶᾴ׸СʵȴҲкģ볢ү˵ĲȵжóԡŻûڣܹܾˣҪϣûС˱㣬һζζر𣬱»ġ

㣬Сʵ۶ʱʧǻʲô

žòʲôСʵ۶þޡܹõĶʳϲͲǿңʱ˲Ǻˡ
ȻΪ˺ŸɴտԲտһʳḶ́ζηô̫Ҫպðտ꣬Ը㡣ûʹʲôȱҪĶۣĵʲôõó

óʱǿЩҩЩϵĶһһķţЩβôûЩҲôѬôҲܳô

ȻܳԵģſһۣЩȥ޶Щ洦
ָһλϣʵϣӦϱȽ˻ֻͣ򵥵ĵζϡֶʷΪҩռʵǵͣܿθɢ̵Դηʳ֮вЧ

û뵽ﲻӴ󣬻˵ͷͷǵ

ʦǾܷģЦЦЩȷʵ޶Ҳõġ

ǲҷģȴҲָֻ۾ȥܹ񡣼λѧŵүҲûгھŵ΢һšѾæµ

ҪտˢõϺպҪֳ䡣˻ԣһ˻ȥеĳʳĻУһȻæһԾѾصǣָӵݡ޳еڽԭһ㽫ϣùΧȹϾͿʼæ

СʵվһԿôĬ֮ǹɺгķΧʮִҲùΧȹ֣޲ù˼

ȥþȥãСʵüͷһͷƤһ

ٲҵ飬ȥȡһѡ

Сʵ۶ȥѣŷζ͵ҲϽȥ
Сʵۻѻ֮ʱˣǵСʵ۵Ҳ˵һǰһĽѾϺպԺãĳĥɷۡһԵѾҪеʳгܴĿ״ҪһЩϸǩӡ

˶࣬Ҫʲôͻ
ɵģŰǩӵģȻȥСʵۻжߵߵʱζضʳģʲô

һ£ȥȥζ࣬ȻֱӿҲԡЩͷȽУζǳӰڸСű˾СʵģҲ롣

ЩҪ磬ЩⲻءȵЩյĲζǱߵǩӸպҲ׼ˡ
ܹԾǩӿʼŵǲϲһȫǻ硣⴮ܻһЩ߲֮ܲˡһһ߲ˡȥҲ塣üͷѾšᣬⱲȾúںڵʳֻࡣСʵ۶ȥҲҲɡ

һԿüͷ֣ͱŪˡ

һ̧ͷϵЦݿûࡣ

ҲŪˣſûʹӳ˦Ƶ¶úõⱻĵǶʵ¿˹Ҳס

ɫʱˣ˫۾Űš
ȴתû뵽Сʵ۸һģġһС⣬롣ܹƳһۣ䵭ؿڽ̵ǲζ̫أٴ

СʵͷһʳﶼЦ

ǽŪʵʳķŵϿһȥһ죬ζðŽԼ׼ˢ϶˳һ˸һСˢŷ˽˵ġЩϲŪרŪһëˢˢϵġðҪó

һֶˢϵһˢӸʾ

չڻ֮·˵ζˢôһˢȥǹζŷΧôһζƮʮ

Сʵ۵һôԣֻ۾档ƽٸеѵʱˮġſϰĿ̲סʰţôԳ𣿡

ٵȵȣŶܿ죬һˢһ߷ˢǵ÷Ȼ

Сʵ۵ĶѾĻ۾ֱضſĲĸܡȸҲֻڰҹŶӸǸѾͷŷ͵ԵʱйСʵһڿˮʵʱ򣬰ŲŴӿһݸ

һԵʱŵζҲܲס֪ʱƵŵһߣһԵصšŰԾ㣬ݸ

ȻŸûƵģԹԵؽһĿյ
СʵѾǸܣһ߳Ե͡Ǹ档ȥµʳʱûӾͳġ²ʳʹֶҲû¶Щû뵽ⰲҹķЧˡ

һȺ˿⿾Ȼ죬ζ̰Թ·ŷ֪ʱСʵ۵Աߣһ⴮Ϳ

תϷſʱͻȻ˺ôһô⣿

ҧķ̌ͷŵ˲Ҳɵˡ

ôô⡭ˣ

Ȼ仰ûʳڣСʵЦеһι歵ߣιġ




121.  һٶʮһ   ˫һ

֪, Ŵھϲ
ſȻȻسСʵͶιʳ㲻ֵһԱѾˣҧгݵȴаΡܾе˼˵гں󹬵, ȻһССʵǰܳ衣

ܹһ⴮, ŰȥһȳԵ, ʣµǿɡ

ڳô, Ҳֻ۾û뿪ϡʵ, Ȼô˵˳¡

һԵһ߳ſһ۾鰲šʵر˵ţκ̫ó, ڲ졣СʵЦеؿüͷѵѡ񣬾رĺһ߼Ͷιһ߻˵óҲóԡ

, 㵸

һ仰û

أ歸ˣֻ⣬Ϊ˲ƴ̫ó, , ٴγԵĲ̫ˣء

ţˡ

ۿҪ˵Ŷòģȳԣȳԡ˵ھǣԤúٿһʳлĻʳԣܳĻ

ʱüЦͷ

ܲܳȥżȻ˵, һȥġεȥƳСʵۣСʵһЦС

ΪʲôʧԲԲ۶ˡ

СʵЦøˣ޳ȥҲȥ



ĬĬƹĿ⣬һԵûǩϡٲҲСʵǰ¶СʵۻͷƳһۣüЦ棬ζ治

Сʵɫ䵭ģȫûд˼

ŴʵҲٹִЩ⴮Ѿ࣬ȥָʹǴزˡտĻűϲضġȻڳûϲϲġ

ȫûֵģصĶϲ

˵ûô˵ϻһ˶Ե㡣֪˶֪СʵƽԵķǳ١ѵڳʳȤҲȻ˽ʮ⡣һƵ棬̲סס˰ŵȥ·ѯʿط

Щѣǲտ⣬ϸ˾͸ˡտҵͼзǳҪһʵҲҪ̵ط

֮ĪϵµǶͷȴ¶˽ط⡣
뿪˵ʲôһƳվڰ鵭ĮİӶʱͲΡ˼䣬ʾʮֵźſȴ㵱ˡֻؿŰˣԼʳʱûڿ븴ƶ䲻ϡ

سܼҵ
Ÿһϳͱ§ȥƽ֮ˣһ뵽ԼСϱúһԳģ⼸ջڵصĿ˱;ʮֿġ
űϣĴ촽೤˲ͷһ׽ÿضЩƲס೤һǽܹ˼־ſסͷ촽ģһˡ

ţЩԺġ

ֺϹҲˣҲ׵ˡ

Щ죬ȻǸִꡣ˵ɻ黹⺦ߡ

ִﰲǰʱͨġ
ܹ׷СճϵĿ֬ɾ·ϣƵûǰסһұš

˿ˣʱüһЦױûû취Ŷ

ܹ̲סһ֣ҧģһ

ŹһЦȻֳקźݺݵҧһ촽Ȼ󲻵ܹӦǣȹھ͵ŵŵ̨ס̫˵ļϣӰϸվڰ̨Ť˻֣ŬҵĺϢ

ܹ֪غգָͷĿŮӰвźߵһת

һμӢΪŬ˵һˣǲ¾Ūˡ͵ǰʱü˶ںڵȦ

ĪЩ飬һĿ嵥Ǿô

һЦ뵽үһ£ذѻȥ

ü˵ûб˻ôѹǡ

ĿͷˡӢаհҪ󻮷ֳɷãɱ͸ծĿ¶Ƚֵ࣬ò˵ЩԺܸߣĿһĿȻһ߷ĿӢ˾һһ⡣
ÿ˷ֹһ̣òģ׼϶׼ʮȫԭƹ̰īǮƣԼǧʮƽ䣬鱦Ŷֻ㣬Լ䡣ū׷صľѾ׷ˡЩ׷صģūˡδá

Ժһһģô

ֱðŶĿࡣû뵽ЩƹļҲƾȻҪࡣŵģԭЩҲһǧˡ뵱ʮӾЩǵūţҵǮƵүţ
ȻɽϻӳưôЩĵӾȻôÿŸԭǧӣԼȴôࡣǲ飬Ǿ͸ðԭʲˣ

ӢҲʮզ࣬ûô󵨵ū澣ЩҲˡ

δãȻǺݺݵشá
ϵģհҵļҹ洦áӵĴӣķϵģȫŤ͵۴

Ҳ˵еشһˣһ죬Щ˱ǰԺӡƤǺģǵж˼Щ̰ī֮Դ֮ȥֶγɹһ۵ļͣ˵ɡ

ŵӣԼװ޷񡣵Ȼװ
Ļֻö
ĿǰæŰ鲻ֻܼϣľöȻľǷϺϺһľʳʱҲԲġȻԴǣῴ

Ȼˣ¶ʱϺ

ʮӣ߼ĳĺӡŵĴҲֱӡӺ֬ӲϹܵĻ㲻ĺ𡣰ſܵķϣû¼еĲƲ󣬵һθĹµĻᡣֻҪĸһ¥ſǷŹ³

Ͽ޵һѱһѵģӹһҲû뵽û뵽ŻԸһλᣬ¸ſ˺üͷ䷢һӾӪá
½Ҳȫ֡Ķʮˣ˸ķŹȥ
ЩţȻһλᣬȴȫиͬƹȥƺ⣬úˣƹƹλ֣ƹԵı¡

¥ԭĴǽ¥ĳʳ
Թ۲¥յ֮󣬸ı뷨¥ⲻ²𣬲ǲɫ⡣Ϊ³ЩֶΣ֮³Ҳʱӡʽ⣬¾Ӫܺ𡣵ƹ˷ʦǷǳгġ
Щ¥һֱڣ࿴ʦյϹ˿;ˡʮֺţڱǲ׸ġ

˼ȥʱ¥ӡǽֳ׸ĳɾ¥ǸʲӵŹƹ񣬲˼ſûг˽ֵúδ̰īǮƵķû̫ѿֻع

ƹ񱻴ϳ֮ʱ޲ýͨīҰ졣Ӣ˸ɴһȺѧŸһ١

һٴûߣ¾ôͣˡ

ʣµʮӣм䰲Ҳ㶯ʣ
͵ľǿھٽǼҩ˵ҵ˽Щ֪ӵƹѧҽġһ˾ǴԼѧһҽκβᾭӪʮǰŻԼҵϡ
ҲûиߣӣӪ

˵ҽ߸ĸģϴҲǡõԭҲ⡣߹٣Ҳࡣһ飬ٹʳĵ軧סһ軧ÿͷæβõĲǺڵʳûǮ
ץҩ⿴ϴҩļ۸ѹúܵͣһ軧ҲܳԵҩ

˽Եɺǣѡ
ϴ¸ǸŲ࣬˸оȴһ˿֮ȴƽΪ˻ȫһִ˵ĵ⡣ҩ̲ܶҩĻԭ۳ۡŴƸ뼸ãɴཫҩҽݡ
ʲôҲãͲ׬Ǯøɱۣõ軧Ҳܿץҩ

֮⣬̺ҲûֻӢһׯƹȥӪǰһٶĶֳʳ
ӣȫҪĳʳ⡣

ֳɵģˣӢҲֳɵġһж׼˾͵ŽݵĶ˼˼գȥģԻؽһˡ

Ȼ»ûؾ⵽˵ķԡ׼˵̫̫ǾŻصҵŮֳȥ

Ҫʲô¶ֻܷԸȥˡͷǵȥһˣֲĻ㲦̫̫ȥʲô⣬ϾҪˣ¿ô죬˵ĻҲˡôҲܴϲ¶

ʱæͷ¶Ļ¶ˣ

ˣ̫̫ץ֣£Դ֪Ҳ⣬ͺ޲ȢؼҡⲻȥظƸͻ𼱻ǵ˵ĸͰ֣ȥִʦϡǰЩʱ׵ģ㲻Ƽˣ

ƼƼˣ׸ҴʦϰкιϵСطʣѵȥϰֵ·ˤˣɽʱ̨Ϲˣ

Ϲ˵̫̫û˰һƣôˣɽ̨ܴϹ

Ϊʲôף

˵ⰲֻ̫̫öˣʱ˵оͷ̧˵ʲôҪ⣬ǵԸؼҹ㡣ǰѵûŻͣŹԼȥˡʱڴôԵģûȥˣⲻ֮´ˤ

ˤôȥʲôŶΪ˳סǴԵô
ԭ°ŶԹŴ֪ʶѷƸʱҲֻ㡣ҲĶҵģͰڲĵϡ

̫̫

ʱʤ

źТ˳ûм׷ʣڶʲôʱ򣿡

¸³ˡ

Ҳ̫˰ɣ֪ȢУôеĻǲЩ̫ʣôϣؼܽôعõذɣ

ⲻ㵣ģ̫̫ڰ֣Ѿ˵ˣӶˡ

аɡȻˣŻؽݵ¶ʱǳ
Ӳܾôɵţþ͵˷Ǯ
Ը˻ȥҲûʲô֡ӢŰŵ鰲׵ƹġɴǰ˽һԼ⡣

Ӣ˶ԴȻ岻ݴǡǱܹɹ󶼲ȥˡү˼ȷǾǸĵһˣΪĸġǸСܼΨһŮӡ
Ӣĳȣ͵氲Ч

ǽؽݽ㳦һЩؼǵͽˡҪЩЩҪǿʳĵԡӢҲˣȻǿͷҪԡ

֤ؽƴ©

һߣҲвסرΪտ׼ĵ̵ȥ̲סֵ̲⡣Ƿһֱ߶ġ˵ʱոĴѧˣʼշŲ̯
˾ǣβȥ̯ġвӣͻһǱӳݡǱǱסžǴСϰգǮȥ¥١ţзСʳҲǡ
һгظ棬æʰȥ档
ԭԭʱ˵ԺҪӿרһӡþʹ㽫ӸκηԸ棬ȴҪӡ˵ʲôԼԵõĶõģҪЩӡ

˵˰˵ͨһԼŶţɴȥ

⣬Ϻµʱա˰ѰźõļҾʲҲ˲Ͳӡǵڽ̲ġ

߶⣬˳ࡣ
ðھׯЩ̶Ҳû˺ȣô˷ˡһۡԼҲǿѣǼúö˷ѡڼĹԺ󣬸ɴЩʵ͵
̲ҲѣֻҪ̨ϵ¶Ͷ󡣰а̫̫˸кЩ̨˸Щѵõȥ̲衣

˵̲ⶫڽĲԣ˾Ǽֱͳ˱
̶̼վͰѿڱȥͲӶãϺڰ̫Сæ

һӶĿˡ

գ۰¹ȥۿžҪ·ݡû뵽Լһˣһĸ¡ԶڽݵСޡһڽݣҪƢˡ

ҲӹߵôæΪñؽݡ鶼ûаţȷʱڲȥС޾Ͳһֱ䰲أôòȥҪˡ

Ȼ˰ĸ»ˡʼĥԺӿΣԼѰˣ

̫̫ͷһ֣ⲻҪʡ

Цһҵӡˣڽݡ

⻰һأ̫̫һǺȵòûѷθ³һץסž͵ɴ۾Ѿͷ׻δؾкˣ

ĸӣŰڰ֣ˡ

ӣҲǶӣ

ȥһδˣ˸ӣ¶֪ô̫̫ʱͻˣδ޾Ͷ˸ӣɲһ׮С¡

ɲô򵥵ġܼҼҴҵ¾ǸҲô򵥵ġѾͷôôͿŶ͸ӣ˵⣬̫̫޲ô򿪰ŵӿװǲˮ

ŶԹŴڷʵһ֪⣬ĽҲǺ̫̫żģ֪ЩءҪΪӵʱүҲѹء
ûһ£ſڰˣǺӹɵĺܡȹҵ

֮Ҳôģ̫̫һȹŵϵŭɫЩ⺢ӣû˵أϥӣĪ˸Ѫͳĺӡĸ̣㣬¶Ҳ˵ȥɡ

֪ġͰܹܴĵ߶ˣͬġ

̫̫ͻȻͺ֪Ѿͷ浽ôܼλүġ׽ĳ̶ȣ̬ȣԶԶⷶΧ

Ƣܺõģһβʳӡ޹˵ʲôӦ

̫̫



Ӣߵ˷Ըȥ¡
µү飬ҹ̡

ͷЩȥ̲ӿˣ˼ݡвסֿʼʳصͷڸĽӵĵ֡
ֵռĺܴ󣬴ܵĶңͷ־ʦŪ鷿סٵ䰲ʳôӣ־ʦơǲŰ㲻ۡգ˼ʰҪӲ
ò˵ȻֻҪƤͳԲ˿

˵ܿ־ʦƣŪͼȷʵ˲ٺӵܡͻȻţûѧӻǰ෽Ĵڵ֪Ϊֶ鼮ȥԺһȥ
ûһǮ飬˵Ҳٲˮģɲࣿ

ʱ£ŵʳʽɡ

һգ˾ϷӣʳǰϷ̨̫̫Ҳʨʨˡһ֡
ǾڻĶ棬ô־ͺѵؾͽЩ棬Щһۿͷɷġʳĸֵˡңȷǳ԰֣֮ЩʿҲ׷ӿ˽

һգȻǰűˡ
ݵķѵݵһ죬Ĵһ𶼹֡ʳĻɫϰŽʱһЩɫŵһվͳֵ¬

һͷͶʳرװѱ¶ȥԺҪܹȥʳץ޲óפʳ

ʲôӣôпճűקʱЩ¡

ܹ񶼱Цˣ˵æڣ
Ϊ˾ڣʱæһ˭ʱСԼ׬׬÷ħҪضţŶ˿ա

վ͸Һˣܹ̲סȥԿǶϵģ

űõðԿǶ˲ӣ㲻˵һ£Ŷʮ죬ʮأʲô

Һʱ˵һ£˵ĴԼһ¡ܹǰܸˣЩȻͶʮվ͹ˡ˵һ¾ʮգ˶ʮ죬ȥĶŪʮճ

űµû˵ʵʵȥѡ

ѳܹȴûнͻذҡǴȥ⡣Щ棬ܲẦɴһᣬ˯˾

ϤζΧźܿ˯ˡʱæȻ죬ƾޣʵҲͦ۵ġÿû͵׼ɫһæýŲմءĺʱ˻ʳæصжʱ۵ĺܡ

ܹգСĵرøЩŵıǼ̾ǮȥĲԣ

Ժ˯˲֪ãһϢġԵɵɵ۾Ѿͣˡܹ񻹱һֻסıӡ

Ŵ֣

˾ɡ۾ˡ

㶣Ͻ

ܹʱǰѾòӣһ߱ĵ½Ǹǽšָ˸Ȼ޳ָ޽ǵͷȥ
ͷֿ˿ѣƽ

ϵױô˯ʵʱ˯

ܹЦЦŴ۾Ц۾ӣԼɡ

ϢţĬĬ˺һˣɧˡ





ڳ˺һܹűŰһɽȡůɽҰӳɽ졣ľ䣬ľïʢܹǣǰߣŶûһӣЩ֣˵ô

ţǰ档ܹЦݵģů·ڷ⡣

գգۣܾýյЩȻ

˺óһ·ɽҰӳɽ죬ӣɽȣһܹƬɽȵԸߴͣſǰŵķأһʯͷ̶

ǡ

ҵĸûܼĹأڴ˴ŤͷЦģȥʱв֪£֪Եɡ֮ǰһźһĸԵǳǰʮһҲһˡţңڶʮ㡣

Ų֪ΪΣۿһʪ죬֪˵ʲôãֻһ䣺֪ĸҸʰõЩ

ܹݸһЦס֣أѾܵˡ

ſҲ۾Ц




122.  һٶʮ   ˫һ

, 壬һ磬ܼҵѾˡ
̫̫ڽӵܼҪϢʱ, صظд˶һ¡ʱִ, ̫̫޲ҹзһ¡۾, ָһµӾرĲ֪˵ʲôĸ, ˡ

㶮ʲô̫̫ǲġһӾûһص, δүͷһţӡΪ۰䣬涼Ӱġ

ţڽݻȽֱؤƲء

̫̫, ָһơ

аɣ̫̫˾ͺáҸ˶, ŰŶд⡣ָо͸ִҵϰϲ£Աȫ巢ĸоһһġܹ鲻һ׮¡

ͣڰ֮⣬ӵΧۡ
ܼٴӣŮһֱȢŮźȴѹүȥ˱߽һ˻, ȻһƷйٵŮĸ, ԣʲô±үϣ

Īɬ̬صسۿһʣ֥ӴЩδֻŹĹĽᶼҪ

㲻˵òҲ˳ŵʲôʺˣ

û߹ʺ˰Ų˵, ̫̫ԼһӷԼҹ˹ʺˡտصİ̫̫һֵϾջðˣӣôǮû׾裬ƫǼҵģ

˵ţȶˡվ÷ɿ죬ۿҪȥſӭҪǰŸס˶ſˣĸǳгӭ¶

Ҳס˵ʮƳܹȴǵö˵ļӡ
ĪĪţűǡ
ѵøһ£һ˼ȥӭӣⲻɷô

̫̫˵ʲôɷҪǹԼҹҵ֣˽̧ŵĻҲȷʵǶԵġܼҶٸߣӭȢžǰŮΪĸȷʵȥſӭӣ˰ˣȥһ¡ǧĪõȾá

̫̫ǿȰԼԺӡվһԵķӷ򸾵ЩãȻ

šûѵûţӸݵһա˲񰲼ôţҲʰ棬һȡʱ̫̫⼤ģ֪ʶݵĹس̶ȡ
ʵϣǴӽݸǣſɽ˺ӭӶѾеоûֱۼ˶ܹƳ磬һ±׵Ժ󡣴ʱƽڰ˵һ̫̫õͷǲžԼر

վЩ֪룬ԥҪҪһȥӭ

أֱӾܾˣ̫̫һȥԺﰲȵţȥá

ŵʱŷѾˡ
һģϻ׵ĻҲˡʱһЦеؿŰš˵һȺˣľӡŴ߹ûͣ½Ųͱס󣬡㣬㣬ȹôСĲȵ

СýĻȴ˸š̲ס죬̴ٵЦһ¡

ôЩΡԼеǸʲô󣬴ȹӻȵȹڣǵСԷ಻Щǣ

¹ү񡣡һЦѵõģүҲüɡ

űЦˡ
´һտصشڽۣǹʷŴ쾡¡հŵƵطˡ䶨⻹ǵעִ硣

һЯ˰̫̫Ժ䣬Ҳһµضס
һţɺͰ̫̫סվӭˡԻǸƽ͵ӣ첽ߵ̫̫ǰס̻֡棬ʱЦźͷֱ¡̫̫һתͷͿڻܹһûһڲˮǺ
һԺӵѾӣ˵ʱӶתˡСЩģĸƨƵġֲ˶ܼ̾Ӻɫһŵ֪˾õ

ܹǰ˸

̫̫æ˿⣬⣬Ҳûʲôдġֲ赭ˮλ

֮Ȼһͨѡ̫̫⽫ӷϺλź͹ҰҵĴˡ

ϺæվЩ޴롣
ܹ԰̬Ҳͻˣ˲Žƽ

̫̫Ͱɵֱ߶Ϊǲ岻ϻġ
¹ԼĻ£ֲܷ¡һŶ˵ò˵קòƽʱɻһ仰ݵģɵ̾İŶˡ

ڶҲ죬֪³˰ϲ£˵ĻȻ£³
Ƚżű˵󡣱ţʶѡ˱졣ˣٵһͶʮˡżҲ

ڶ£ͷĴʯͷµԵڡ̫̫ڸ÷ŷģءһӲ÷ǼܹԺû뿪ŵЦЦȻӦˡ

ţ̫̫ҲϹģȻģȥ԰תת

ܹվһ񣬸Űų˻

һ߳Ժִܹס˰ŵ֡ӿ󣬴պýǣŵڸסϻҹĴæߵҲæҵʱһ¾Ϳʼˡ໰û˵ؽѾʹӴ򷢵ԶԶظţܹſʣڰסĿɻϰߣ

⻰˵˼ԼһסĲϰߵôһǾ֣ȴ˼ԴЦЦô˼˰ѵ˻᲻ϲô

ϰ߾ͺáߵһ£ĵ͸Ҷķ϶䵽ϣ˹ߡ̧ܹŵüģƵջָԽٽڣԽȲܡѻƵ۽޸ϷӳյĲβţԸ֪ңıô

۾⻰˵ĺ֣ѵҵıҲѸ߹㣿

ʱŸ˵̫Ļʱʱ١ܹڼϻۣȴǶԲ͸±ǫѷ̬ȣôǵã

հŰɫڰŵ۾һ˲ĳ档

Ȼһģһ

һģһ

ǳأܹǺܿƤ࣬ŶһŶʱȻֻǺ֪Ҳһô

⵹ǲһ˵ļǺֵ¶ֻǷһǰʱûпԼʱȴѾǲ壬ҵƤŮϺÿȴഺ١

ܹ̲סЦһ֪

ʮʵǶʮ壬۾գһµؾѡ

ɻˣ

һ䣬ܹھͱһָֻץȥͷһơ

ͷһر˴Դܹо棬ͬʱЩЦոհƵĶͷѧƽģԴŮʮ弰ǣʮޡҲʮ߳ޡ˫ʮ껪˵ﲻô

ͬ

űԸԼκˣܹһ¶Ҫһһӵˣ˭ʱŮʮˣ»öʮԺ̸ŮӶʮʱڶ顣Ǹ粻ɻһӶһ˵Ĳϡƽܶʱ򣬳ɻ벻ɻֻһѡˡ

ܹû뵽һȫû硣ſ棬ɴ԰ߡһһ߽һ顣ԼƽʵںҲ˵ˡ

ܹûгš

ãһ仰žҳɻ飬ǲ˺ܴľ

Ȼǡбۿʮƶû㣬ⱲҲס

ɫ䵭ĳһ˲üЦЦ۵ԶԶںѾӶˡҲѧŰŵ飬ܵùۣҡ



ڸ˳ֱ֮ʱ˶Щᡣ
̫̫һԿᣬлǸ˵ġԭֻǴŮͷҷֻƬ˵ܼү෽ݡûۼܾв̤ʵܼүŵİԶԤʮֳ谮ʱͷġ

ĿԶ̫̫ԼԺӵʱ·硣ſֱЦȥ

ϲ¶ҿľͺá

ʱһζǰ¹ȥգ۾͵˰顣
ŵƽʣ죬
ڻڶ֮Ϳʼ׼˵һ㲻ıԭáΪģཫܸģ׼
£ϲġҲһղżԼܡ

һʮ꣬ѾСģűɴ̵߽֮Ҳġͦô˼Сһ꣬ƺЩֵֹġŮ࣬СС͸źŽͷһؼǣȴͷһؼš

̫ĵս㣬˵̬ͦ롣
ƺ˵¶ģ˶԰ŵ̬Ⱦ͸΢ˡ곤Щ껹ܲһСǸͲϡ˵ǼǺްˡ

űûǸùϵȻں޸ԺܼңǷڻ̫̫м¶̫˵̬ðЩ񡣽ǻУպû˵ӣǻ鷳

ۿڷһ֣Ҳ쵽ˣ̲ס̾Ϣ

ҵĻͷ黹һûô鷳ţҲ˲ܣæȥԺšû̫Ůġ̫̫ǱߵԶϷǹԾƵ¡˴ΰңҲֻ˺ûе
߱ҵ׾Ҳڽݣ뾩ҲЩ롣ҲһδŮ߳Щ갲̫̫ھǽύĺѣֻаŮġ

һ·ͷţʱʢװͱ͵·

ϲŵĳߵҪһģֱ˵ӮòʡЩֵŮЦ˳ȥ

һߣһժ˺ͷ

ķǰɻ˴Ǯȥؽģصĺܡ׼ժ˷ϲһɣһ̧ͷŻԵվһ߿šûĻŷɳȥСѾͷƬôң°

ҭ㻹ûء

ⲻѾˣһһúܳףѾˡĿû

ţ

ˣַҪ˵ɶ

ųĬ˽ʮϢԼڰӵ¶ܣϵܴãȴû뵽˵Ķôԡ

£겻Ϊذڰ֣·²Ҫ̫⣬޸֮ǰѾΡѾͷұ㻹곤꣬ϱҲǸŶʤߡ²㵣ңĸĸ֮۾ͳˡ

Ŷ²ۣŴִе㲻һŴǷᣬŵ㡣

ǵȻ

˵ţŤͷţСѾͷôң㻨Ǯ

ԼȰɡ˵˵ˣȻİҲͲˣҵϡĳ̶ȣƵȲϯɢҪװ㡣

һ䰲תߡ

ĿıӰԶϵЦݽ
ɽ¶ȷʵ֪ģӵıȴûúϾլ˵̫̫±̻˵ֳûǸҽӴͲǺѣǲǵȺദ֮ˡ

вһ˿ԸҪģ𡣵ǸҪģǾ͹ֲĺݡ񷽲Ÿ˵ĻҲȫЦϱȷʵǺų
˸ĸµʲؼҵļǾʮ̫үһ֦ҶïڶʮøýӱȻʲôСŮ

밲ɽĻ°֣˵ĻΣһۿŰɽüﶼǺˮĴ⣬ղúܣ֪ʮֵĺг

Ϊһˣȵ˵ĻʽͶȥ

û취׸֮һûʵ֣û취Ȼи

һգŸյͼʹӻ𼱻ǵظϹûüѣʹ˵ݵˡݵ쵽ˣѾǳſڡ⣬л˹͡

ͣ˭Ҳ˲ϻѣճָϽȥ

ʹֻǴġ

ðЩ룬һӲܵſͣ¾Ϳüͣڰ֣ʵĹҲࡣʲô˻øϽ

һţԶͿһͷվǰͥĽر߿㡣
Ǳˣβүӡүӻȥ˸꣬Żؾˣⲻ͵תͷǡ˾ضһȥѧСʵۣȥֱӱŰ͹ˡ

һܴ򽻵Ĵﶼ򽻵һ飬ʱү۾ų⡣

Ҫ˵ʿ羴˭˵ʦүӣҲûбˡɺ޲ö˸豭Էүӣڳر߿ҲҴš

Ŵǵ߹ȥڵһͲѰɵͣˣүôˣ

үӵˣʱϤתûü˲ͻˣ̰ЩıʱͻһһɣɤžͺѾͷô˵ģ²Ϸ̬ȣӭϷôΣ

ĶƳ󣬹Ȼ½ˣôͻȻǣ

ⲻСӣ

ᵽүӾͲˣƳһЦЩٵӣҫҫϷˣʮü˲ųףҲҫʲô

˵ţͳһݸţѹ׵ļױš

Ŵ򿪣һСֽ

ţʲô

Сӣүӷ·һֽϲ⣬ȥ

ţ




123.  һٶʮ   ˫һ

ɶɵˡĿؿһĻ, ôȥһŸүӶôĽˣѵʲôˮزɣ

о죬ڳ˿û˭Ǹĸ͡

ȻǼױĪƾˡү֪Ҫ˵ʲôƵ, ڰ, 㶫ʲô, šϷȥʳԺ, ǧǵò׼ӡ

űһ仰Ц˵, ôСˣ

Ϸ򲻹ܡүЦģô˵ˡ

¼ھլӵġʱүڳΪ٣Ϊʦ¸ܼӵľͷԴʮǰүӴǹٹ, Ŵ󲿷ֵ¼˻˾漮¸ǿŵģȻ˴ɨ, үû밲ڰҸǰסޡ

Żû˵أſھʹӦˣ⵱Ȼ֮ٺᣬԡ

үһ秵Ļüһ飬ѧ峵ҧĽ, żһǵȸϵ黰Ͷʮֵŵ, үûĻ˵ڣֻŤͷܵص㡣

ûоүӵ䵭үѾˡסǸʱﻹүӵ̬ȷܣ޲ͣȥԴɨͬڵģİ˶զࡣ

ôүӵʳ֢ȻκˣЩ졣һζõĲȣԸҲԡò׼ţȻĵĻǳʳ罷ͷˡ

ˡſɸɴ, ڽݣ߶ûϵġ

үһҲǣǶһһֳСѾͷֵһƬԴûȷĶûڵģĲϷҲǳԲá

ˡ¾飬̫̫߶ŲšҲ³һ¡ûƲҲѧˣζĿЩƫϯǹ˵ġƳʾүӣڸУʲô

үһ⻰ʱüЦû㣬֪Т˳Ϸ򡣡

⻰ð̫̫Ͳζ
˵үӵǶĸôŮƵġ̫̫ŹվǰͥĻϡԶԶؿһŷĸ첲һլϸҲдүģԶԶ˸񡣰ŻȥС˼仰Ժ

Ἰ׼ȥԺǰԺһŷҴҵܹһ񣬶С߽ܵݵſڵ¶Ż㱨ˡ

ˣô죿ԭΪٵ£˶ˣֻЩ

ŷҲ˵壬ֱ˵

ӦðǸ˴кȥſڿ
Ӣǻֻ˲һſڡϾʹܳһնյӰӡӰܵ÷ɿ죬ŵŵŵŵصСȣһͷɢľëһؾײ˰ŵĻҪǰų־󣬹ƶס

㻵ǴӻðСëɤﶼſǻ˵úܿͻĸ˻ǲǲҪˣ

Ϲ˵ʲôأ۵ĶӣСһﾢͦСţƵģⲻ˻ȥôСӼҼҵģö鰡

Ҳö飡Сëرֱ׳û˼ҾͰ㵽ܡ

ż棬Ҳ˵ɨ˵ĻԴʱճԵĺ˯úãСࡣնյģëҲˣãûݡ

ʶ˵ģСһｾͦ˶ӡ

һ۵С̧ͷſڵȻӢǻȥݳ˰ûȴˡֻһԼʮĳϸʰݣС鲽ߵǰʵʵһͷͿȥ

һ

ӣ˷糾ͣóһ·չˣСԭүȥݵĶʮ֮һ̧䰲ص㳦

šһϽ˷䰲ƹô

ᵽԭͷºúø˵˵⺢Ͳ󣬵Ҳ̫ˣӴǿжҲǿѾһ˰Щģ΢һ¾裬˶Ҫˣ

ԭǲְأЩ⣬ӿˡ˵ţԭͽѧգðŸѹǮ㻨ǮһСǧһܾǵģиŮ๫СӣǾҪˡ

СһȻȲ̫ãһֱȥԼ취ˡ
ò˵Сӵ죡ģ

ԭյϢʱѾܳ䰲ءͣڹٵʡǵĲ·ڣһСһ˯ԺﱧһСȻǵò׼ǸϳĳҲˡʡǹ͵ġҪ⳵;˴ǿ롣
˴ȥҲѣСͲƢӲúܡ˭Ҳû취Υ˼ԭǷɸ봫飬ڹٵϸաõܹŷͷ¶ͺ

ͷƤ飬̲סСһƨɺݺһƣǴӦԺ󲻻һ͵𣿡

㻹ӦҺܿͻСһᵽίȦˣӦҵĶᶪҵģؾǶˣ㻵

ȷʵǰòԡ̫̫˾ؽݡû뵽סȣԭļױŪ߲֪Ҳѵ»Ҳٰһ˶ǶҲӦңԲһ͵ܣ

ްԴŵĻߺġ

һƨɣŲ鲻ԸشӦˡſģûȥСĴָ쵽ǰ󲻻ᶪ㣬ҲӦҲܡ

СһգŴ۾Űš

ɫ࣬ġ
ջ˶̶̵Сָ˸˹һգ·ż״Ц֣صظǸСһزˡ

ԭ䰲ƹʱίСؾʵȥкöҪʱҲСһŴĶȫ۷ˡ

Ҳû¶һ̶벻ˡһһ˵ľְҪǲԲסЩܸɵĲ¡
ǣСһȥ¿üӡҲСһСԴôģͲǴϻ۵ԶˡˣȻǵðﰲŰȥյĽϺ۴ôһ޵ۣøšҲװʵʵζͺݺСһڡ

Ķ꽴ζ˶Ҫˮˡ

ĺöӣžĶӶһһϻۣ⺢˫ߣҲѹĸĸô̵ģµҵĿȥ

СһٺһЦ̵ֶָͷգˡ

ȥָʹʹӽ㣬ԼǣСһתߣߣĸɸҺúñ֣

գգ۾ͦСӾ͸ߡ

浢˺һ̫̫òŻɴ˹ʡ˲ߵ·ײǣһͷԲĹİ۵С޴ߡССȶ̣Сһһߵģ۾ˡ

ӣǡʵȻ֣۾ĶƯӣλ

ţҵӣޡ

Сһ̧۾һ֣С°͵ͷ

ֿĿɰ̲ס˼ۡӶ᲻ջȥ̫̫ȼˣͷʲô¶ˣūơ

ЦЦ޾Ϳ첽̫̫ԺӸϹȥ

̫̫δıûѪԵʮֲϲġΪŮӿǣ˭ҲϲδʹƿǣСһţ̫̫һۿǴ۾Сëޣʲôϲˡ

ò˵ѪͳĺСʱ鶯ɰ
۾ں˫ƵġһͷСëøС˸СɵضͷϡСĹĵģһתϾʹЦǣ߽̫̫ŷСǺӣ۾īɫġӳһűһ㺢ӰϣƯͯ

ӴӴҵθﰡ˼ͶϲӣƯ鶯Сӡ̫̫޵һۣǵ㲻ϲԺ󣬡ޣ

ͷһ۰ţŵͷ
ɿŵֵŵСȥ̫̫ߣ۵غһĸ

̫̫һ¾ͰС§ˡ

һԿúЦȴûй̫̫Ȳϲ޵¶ֻС˺һԱѰ˸λү밲ڸڵԺӣŰ˰١ⶢһ׼ȥ

һСסҪȥĶ

Сһ￴ͦϵģŲһͷˡ

̫̫ԼµȥүǱơϸȰС˵˵޳է𿴸˭˵ϼ䣬ʵֻϰһˡ

ɡ֪ӣ֣ȥԺӡ

סСһȻҪһסġ

ԺӴúܣסҲô䣬඼ǿõġڴﶼƽȫס˲žüûšֻ̫̫۰Ͱ͵ؿСһԽԽϲ罫СԺʰСסСԺȥ

˲ˡۿСһﶼҪҡˣæܾסˡ

Сһرͬصͷ

̫̫ղǺݺһСͷһݿ㣬ʵֻסܸһ𣬳ԴҲšǺӵĸ컹ûʾءʱ̫̫ͽ԰ŽӺӻһɶȥǺѴõģѾͷҲøð켸ģ

һԿƲ˵ƣЦеصͷӦͣԸǺأﶮ

Ҳǣ̫̫Źվһľþûˡʱ򼸸ˣ

ʲôǷͻᣬָˣ

⻰˵ģմͷŲ͡
ռ˹ͣΪεŮȻҪޡոүǱ߰ԺӲŻգ̲סͷۡȻ޸ɽȴûôӡ

ǣźѾԼԺӡСһ·Ҳ࿴·𰲸ͥ滨ݶƽǰֻƬµ⺢ӳǲʱⲻҪ棬׶Թͥôһӣǿɲöˣڼ죬ҪȥԺ

~СһԭΪǾͲö飬ʱһˣҲܲ𣿡

㲻Ҫʲô

Ҹѧ˰Сȭͷһ־ԶӼȵ˶ð¥Ǯ

Ÿһƣƨȥ飡

ԼҲ𣡡ˣû˼һѧˣ̫ˡһ鶼ǲסÿû˼ˣ

һͼסˣ⻰һ˵ˣͣ½ŲͷСԶڽݵʱ򣬽Դѷűæʱ˲Сʱ˵Ļ⣺ôö˼ô

ȻöСͦţֲǱ

üͷ׼˵ʲôһɤڲԶ𣺡⺢Ҫʦ̡һĽǻӵܡ

̧ͷ½վڻ棬Цؿߡ

ڽݵʱұע⵽ˣ½Դӽӵܼҵһʱաƽ۸ڶǲмӹŮӡò׿һͱ˶⺢Ӵϻ쳣ƺŹĿı£һԡ

ԭǸүӻŵģػ½嵹Ǹ˿ڣĪӹʦ˲š

˵һͷС

Сգ˴۾üͷ򼸾仰Ц½塣½գգ۾СԲ񲢲⡣ͻ룺һʱţ԰ſһŵù£µǿԽ̵տ

½ѧʶȻǲ˵үӣھһָ㶼ѡʱЦе̨֮£۾ƵؿŰš

ſ˿Сֿ˿½壬ò˵Ķˡ

ҲҪССһ۾Ϳ½Ļ졣Ȼ˵ᷳĻﻹϿܹģֻ֪֮ҲһҲ

̲סһԴҪ֡

¹ԸȻ֮ãҲǲʶˣ½Ҫɵˣ⺢ʣұضͷΪʦ

СҪ˵һס졣

½忴ĺЦƵڰֿƵƿͷˬʣµġҽ겻³Ҳҽ̵ӡ

˵䣬Ƴһ۰ţЦת뿪

ŵͷڵ۵Сһ֪⺢Ȼϻ۵׻̫Сû˽̵̫̾˿ظޣ㱻¹Ϊͽܡǧ³ç֪סһ仰ҩҲƶ֮ҽޡ꣬⻰ϣ㽲仰С

գ˴۾ǰ֣ظŸȥĸغϡգգ۾˱죬ͷȥãŵ˵ͷ֪ˣһúöġ

šһЦǣߣ˽̵ܵá

еܵãСһִ

ˡͷҲصĵžǡ

СһѵʵӦͦСظ֣µðɣҺúö飬ȡԺ̵ǡ

һЦǾͰˡ




124.  һٶʮ   ԭ⣿

޵ĵдٻЦ, ̫̫ۿɼغÿֺǺǵģ泩ˣɫ, 嶼ࡣеıһλ, ɰ·ıԵĴ, ɫС, Ǻ޲һ޻һס

ǣ², ȴҲ˼ҵ¡

һ޵Ķ꽴ۣүӵĶ罷ͷͲˡ˵̫̫ûĲˡ˵ӷ߶˵ŵж, ˶ٹֺ̫̫Ǻǵģʵûôһ¶

˵Ҫ, ЩţĲÿô죿

ĲҸҿʳʳж𣬾լİ̫̫˵ˡûۼܹô㻳ɵġ

Ҳǡ̫̫ŹȽǿſСϳԵĵޡһһĵģǾ߹ȥͿүһһ뼦ڳԣʱ;ˡ
үԶ, ¶ׯϲˡôһСϾôԡ¼ҹ, Ҳ̫̫˲ˡĶţжȡҲ游һ붫ô

̫̫ĬĬãżѵһ䣺ڳʲô

㡣̨æСްѶ꽴ˣҲСүȻҪ罷ͷŻʵġˮţ⣡

֮˵ͷ򵥣ζá
һ潫ţгɱƬ׷ۼһ, һͷϵĻտˡڰæɣ޵ִֿر֡õĻƶѿͰײˮתЦһ£ĸҪҪҶ㣬ֻ

̫̫ʵ󰮳ʳƳ۳Եĸ˵¼Ҳֵص˵ͷҲһݡ

ǰŸóʳŪģھȻ̲ӡȴû滨̲軹ûͶ룬̫̫ҲͷһسһԽŨŨĵζڼζҪóԵĶ࣬ĺܡ

ĸŽ̺ˮĶѿͰײˮ̫á˶ѿͲˡÿӵײ͡

ȹһưͽȥһ죬۾Ϳʰǰͥһۿյţ⣬۾ˣˮţ⣿

ԡһЦǲûˣ

ҵ죬ͱˣȻⶫˣ
ҲǸġ֪ϱһԺ浽İ׸ûгԹ/ʳҲʱĳղУʵʱơʳûУϵζҲûУٺûʳҲûð
񿴰ŵ޲ĤݣĴָǿ

ЦһȻôǮ

ɿ˵̬Ⱦ;֣ʶô

һʣЦһ߹ȥһѰŵ⣬ܹǱΪҪ硣ָǧǻһء

ҲЦȴû˳Ļȥ٩ɡ
Ȼм䣬ʼҪɸһġ̫̫һԿģֱ̾Ѿͷ׻Թס

ȣȰѴжΡĩ㡣㣬ζһð˶Ű۾ò˵Сӻ£۴һ޾Ͳ˵С滹װ˺Щȥֱ׶꽴ȥζ˶ֱˮ

ⶹ꽴ĶŪģǸʶģ꽴ζһž֪ڣ̫ˡ

һЦһԳżСͦСӾͽӲ磺Լģ

˵ûۼޣȻ˵ôˡȻСŤͷȥһ˫īɫĴ۾һץסŵĸ첲⺢Ķҵģ

ôҪ

̫ÿ˰ɣǲϲСģκһӴģɴԺҵŮɡоǸƷ

˵꣬ͱһơɫˣͷֻԱ߻վһѹŴˡ˿ȣˣȿȣǣҵ˼ǣ⺢ӿžһɲ֮࣬ҪСˡ

û˵ֱ꣬һơ

̫̫Ҳô룬һүڡʱͳ䡣꣬ȥƳˡ˳ĶŹĶͺû

үӲŲЩЦڽݵʱָӺǳ¶ˡڻΪһ䲻ׯصЦ⡣οЦҲǵ٩͸⣺ŰˮţʲôʱðϷԴؾݾûԹζĶˣ֡

ˡˮУƺõţȥһ͸ܳˡ

罷ͷ𣿡

罷ͷڹˣƳۣˡ

ɴͷβû˵ֻܶүӿУ˵ıүӾǳԼԵĺմҲ˸С

½һԿȤһӻǸ͸ٴƳ̻İţźԼˡһ㣬ֲһ
ſû˼ܱ˵ıȫʢС͡ʴжΡ֥顢ȥȻһưͽȥһðǹʵζ˲̫̫û¶ʵζˮҪ

𣿺𣿡СǸֵģͽϿģ

ﻹ㳦ȼгɱƬ֥͡˶ˡ㽫˶ȥԼ߳زˣõͷɽҩŹҲζԿˡ

үӵȲɴں⸽һүҪôԣȻǲᷴԡź񼸸ν̫̫ǾòϹҲ˵һٷͶ⣬һ𡣻˵ͦ֡ͷһôԡ֪Ŀòôõģǰġܾζĺá

Եĺ޲ĴָЩûгôڵˮţ⡣ҪˣʳҪתҸͶ㣿

ãֵˣҲմȾ⣬ӲȱǮ

ЦһֹС㡣

áĶһ£΢ЩΪԼһʱڣǾܾˡ

һٷүźӾͳȥˡСҲȥǱŸס

⺢ҰˣҪǲϸܵĺȥ

ҲȥʰСˡСǰָġ
Ҫ֪Ǹִꡣһ˫ƽֳڳ츳ʵ̫óֹȸѶȵĻͲɵġΪӣͷһѧϵѧ˼գС޷˸

۳̶ȹҲۣԼͦģ飬պˣ

ڰ⼸죬½˵ĺΪͽ˲׼

½⿼Ӽ⣬ҲԽ̵˼졣ȷʵ⺢ӸĺӲһԺõ˵һĻһĶȫֻˣܼǵº˷˵Ҳѡػش

⺢Ǹţ½ڽ̵Ĵ𰸡

żȾָˣ¶
ʵЩоֻ޵ദʱر٣û̫⡣һԼѪ˶Ժӵ۰ײŮӡ˵ޱӣҲӡվֻǿͷ˵ûа

˵Ļܹܾ⺢ӾһͣҪؽ޵ݸӣҲǸСһ޾ͳҪӭءֻסֻʱıһ֮ʵ˵Եֺǳ
ˣżȻԺģΪ๫Ҳñֵ̫ĮܹԸ׵ݣЯ½壬үӺͰ˵ʽаʦ

½ݼӦЦ⺢ҾˣҲЩԵϣ֮̿ûԵ

ܹЦЦƤЦⲻЦ¹Ӵ塣

һͨѣżƤ񶼵һء

ʵ˵ͷһؼܹԭ֮ܣھô꣬ȻûмܹͻȻˣŵ񶼷˾⡣
ԭΪǸڡ֮ҲݰͰ͵С½һ˭֪ȳͦζݡһ˫ĳɫһ˵ƣһѹӡ̲סѰϵһȥĽʺޣҲ̫˰ɣ

ǰ¹Ӳ࣬һѪؿĵ㣬˲½廹ݡ

ȵһ㣬ڿŲˡ

κˡԴӿʼβһֱ壬衣ȥռ͵Ĳģ׳ࡣ֮Ǹߴ⼡һ˿ž͸ķʣġȻ彫

ֲãأĽˣҲ̫ˣҸղһָۣҲԺиˡ

һ죬һơ

һ㲻ΣʳɫҲŮҪʵҡ

ûסָһơ

ͯӼһҲ⣬Цײһ°ŵĸ첲ҵ죬òһأ

޿̣ࣺɫסڣ

һЦ˰ãˡ

ſˣ߳ŭҲǵһأɾأ

ûƼˣѰŵܹվĲݴһ˲ƨɡߣ½˼ƳɻŶ~

ܹݺݵһۣ첽߹һסİţһʹˡ

½忴ԶıӰ°ͣɷµظпԭ⣿




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һζ͹ȥһ, ŸоԼʲôû׼ã׵ӾͿ쵽ˡ
Ѿܹĵ׼ױ, ䷿, Ѿ, ͷβҪϸ顣
մŮϰ, һҪ䱸ĸѾߵġѾȻǸȥ, ŮӲСŮӹ̵λɷˡƷòԶҪѡҪ֤ʵĻ

ֻ̫̫һ¶, ž;ܾˣأҲҪѾߡ

ôУԹŮɻ, ŮҪ׼Щ̫̫Ϊԣ£ԼĴȥܱܼҵĳ´͵ĺáܼҵĳͣںԺù̡ܽ

Ѿߡ
Ѿֹһεظ߹̫̫ܹһӲͬϲŮɫҲ̫̫ȴǲ, ðС, Ĵ󣺡ĸܲẦ㡣

ŮɫԺˣҵλá
žʱ˼ҵĹȹҲͦ鷳ģǸҲߵˣ۵˴򽻵ĸҵЩһòȷʵıȵùܸ͵Щôôһ, ǿϡ

̫̫ͷһ˵ϲ۵Ĺġĸ˵ŵòȻĻĵ¶
תһܹȷʵǳİ
ЩһֱȢҲ檣û˻Ƿ֮ã֮˵ĵǿϣƾʲôأƾ˵̫̫ԼŮжǡòƢ㶥⣬ܾܲƾһ˵հɣ

ΪԵúöȢޣ⾩ǵĹ˶Ҫѧ³

֮ЩȥɡͷۣҲòϣǱ߾͸òϡǵĹػûãȥҲǰ¡

̫̫ҵ޷ֻܽĸòѾָߡ

Ѿ߲ߣ̫̫ĥصͻŵĹءµͷһһ磬ԭѧĹ̫̫°ˣ˸ֻ

ſ಻ԣɴٽҪ¶ԺﲻȥȻָ̫̫Լ׼˼¡ȻδŮǸˣܹ罫ƺõķϼ͹ź˶ˡ
̫̫ܼôͰŰųʣµֹŴҲ֪˼ҴĶôƫ˼ֻͦá

Ƥ˲ֹһɫȣҲϸỬࡣڷĨãɫйˡ

⻹ͦƿĨࡣⶫԴ¶̫̫͹ලĨϵƤ˿ǵļһۡ

ĥˣ̫̫һǱ֪ʲôⷽӲҩĹͨ𡣴ŮԼķӣòϡ

ڨڨЦһ£Ҿ룬û⡣

ûҲ롣̫̫ǿ͸ˣѾͷҲô¡²ģһǮܼĴܽܵӣ

û˵ͬô˵Ҳý͡

Ҫʵʵӣ̫̫ϧȥһҲ֪˺£Ӵ䡣ջýȰȫȻءƫŮѰֹ̫̫̫ƮԺŻŮǸƷòŮԴԺ꣬޹ȥȱæЩӵ¶ҺܼҶȱǵӣסܼҵĵλ˵

ԼǸأӾ̫ˡ˵״ҲʺҪӡЩҲ˵Ͼ̫̫ǻ֪Ϊá

ذѻӦȥ̫̫Ҳ֪ȥûСת۾͵˳һա

һ磬컹ûͱǲģϾʳҪ׼ʳġôҲ̫ˡű۾㼸Ӳ̧̧ױ̨ǰ

Ҹ˾ʮȫ˻鸮ϷױöȻǿܼҵϣϷҲʮָӡͺһ̫̫Ӷ˺һֱи࣬Ǹҵĳࡣ

⻰׻ˣκΰ̫̫ĸ£˵۾Գһߡ

ϲ֮գʲôͼҲֺǺǵģϷաױŪе㣬󡣴촽׵øֽƵġͷֺصùͻʲô֬Ĩ͹ˮģͷϡͦŴ˼һؿãл˵ڡ
һЦüۡɻױҲǳû˵Ҳôͦ

ʮȫ˸ױðŵղ죬ָһ֬
˵֮ǰֽģһֽ֪Ǵ׵ϰ׻˼Ҿϲ졣ųһ۾ӣûԼű

⣬ûǵһ£϶ǲǻŵˣ

̫̫ʵҲɫе̫̫סǴŮӳ޵ױݴ඼ˣһׯضȫ˶ƫױȻûŮӾϸԣŵ͵ӺãôŪҲˡ

ɱˣ̫̫һۿŵ˼ױŪģŪҪ˼ʱġ

ű˱죬̫̫ȫ˳ȥԲ衣һȦߵŵߡ
ʱľӻͭӰƵģģġ
ǲã￴ֻǺİ׵е̫ޣĶ͸ŨޡƹƹȥģͲزס

ôôźܵģˣ

ҲáʵϸҲûô󡣡˲ע⣬յŶС˵ԼƬͺڰĴһɫ֡

ţҪױʱԸ

𣬡֪˵ˣⶼʲôʱˣױҲŪ˵ױϣþԸҲʱͷһǣҵͯӼҲû˿㡣

۾᣺ǸģŪӣ

ź֪ҲҸҰѷ硣̫ʵǲ֪ҿͷûűȥ

仰صɡ

ľŰѽ鶼Ϸ񣬲ò˵

Ұ˴ȥԼĸױȻòôҲ»֮ҹӽһεĻҪŪ˸ױݣⱲﶼи

ֺܿ죬¾Ͱϵױжˡһ롣ЦͲһʵ֬ˮôòģǲѾưŵƤοҲûвɾʺ֬ӡϵϳִٵĲϴŪñȹɭŶͭҲֻ̫ģؿһӰӡȻܴ㶹￴㤣ĿǰҲûжױƷ˿ˮֻܲš

ͻȻڣ֪Ͳ³ç

׼һ룬̫̫ȫͻȻŽ
ۼֿץϵĸͷ͸ŸϡŸϽֱ壬ȻһȺߴð˴̵ӿŴֵġҵ׾Զأز󷽱㡣
ʵż޸Ĵ֮׵ܼҼ̳ˣв׾벻ԶϹˡҵʱûֵҲġϾԽȥͽŮδ̫.Щ

Ҳ˵ּһǰ͵ִﾩǡ

ȻּҴһӣʧûиһҪȻϾԽ͡
ֻһʹͲ棬Ŷýͽ⡣һԺסšŶ˸ȥԭ㰲Ҳʶôͽˣ֪˹ʺˣʶ˰ӡ

ԭߵּҴ񡣰ȷʵΪ壬ܼҿɲʾʵϵ˼ң
ּҽ˳ϸּ֦ҺͶǶǰٺһġּҴɸ봫ؽ꣬㡣ԭίһһʮظ֪ڼ̫ү
ּ̫үǸӣŮϰӣ̬һٰʮȴת䡣

Ҳóǣ֪ӺŮ׽Ϸ˸һ

ֻ̫̫ûǸŮԸ̫үû취ֻܴһԽҲִﾩǰ¡ųѹŰɼһ档ʱæŸˣֱ̫̫ѹѧѧǡû˰¶֪Ҳ͵֪

հųɻ飬Ȼ벻ּ档үǰ游ּҴһӣȴ̫ү
̫үȻѾҪƤˡҰ˲ӭּҴ󷿣ִ̫̫ǻŮн˰ŵĹ뷿Ҫǰɷŭ̫үڰûеӣӳΪֳųšҲ˵⻰˵̫̫ûŹȴ̫ү˵գִ̫̫ȴûʿġʱҡһ䰲ŵ׾ĸ氲кŮ졣ֻ뷭ۡ

ϲʱգҲõִ̫̫ƤЦⲻЦװ˸֣ͼ

ִ̫̫˸磬ҲûϴžôŸױݱؼұָӡ

ϻεʱ򣬰ŵǱġ֪ʱôϣͲּ
ǰŴԽʷڵһΣԼΣ²ءѾõƿͷʱ򣬻ɢıˡ

ȻǣҲͦġ״򲻶䵭Ҳþ֮ʲôģ

أͱһ

񣺡ӶͳԵһӳءѪǣʱͶˡ

ллļСͿ̣ϲ˵ļһһƾ

ֵ̫̫ĸ첲վſڣ޵ġһӾôԶͻȻûסָϽסȰκΰ̫̫һղסҭҭıܣôСҸǰţû󣬾Ǳ˼ҵˡ

̫̫ˣϲܿޡûø˻ʵҲܣҪ̫̫ӲãԸȥչˡ̫̫һʺһչţ˵޵ҲԶڳǱߵӡҪҲ׵úܡ

̫̫ﲻã˾ǸڼﵱŮһ

̫̫һ߳ҭƳһ۷Ϊִ̫̫Ȼһ죺ĸ׿ĪˡⵢһּҾĸ콫Ҹĳּˡ

⻰ͼӰһ˲ֹס̫̫ܡ

۾һĨأںͷԺύǹأ

ɲǣȻӪһ£ƤҲһֱ¡Ǽּǰʹ£ĸǲ⣬ϱöϱķȥּҾĸΣ

ʲôӣǰ̫̫ʵͲСƤҪƤĸ˼ˣֲúãЩ¾ͲմˡʹˣɳʲôΪϲ¶ǶǸŵġĪ͡

һ£Ƴһɫİ̫̫Цлĸ۰

̫̫ЦһŹȾȥˡ

ԺĻƵִ̫̫ٲȻ˰Ĵӣҵķ̸
˵ҲtܼҵĸΪɣһֱȴ̫Ϸ忴СΪܼҵףϷ԰Һ׽ذɼŮЯԾơ
仰˵һصĻˣ԰˵صĻˡִ̫̫ǻѡˣһ͸˴ϻ

Ű̫̫ĸ첲һִ֣˾ʧȥվӭ̫̫ҲԹһ°̫̫

Ůޣҵøλǰʮָл

̫̫ǳ滰˵һͨתͷλܣλҼҶϱϡͻСոһֲٰ졣ʲô֮ܵλ

һ䣬ȻĿޡ

̫̫Це˵Żڼʱʱ˵˵ҲǸóʵģ仰͸ǴһƬһԵִ̫̫ɫмѿͼ廰κβŸһͱ̫̫غԹȥĲŮ춼

ִ̫̫ɫѿǳżЦ׼㣿ϲӣͺźá

ͺҲҪˣ̫̫ɫ˲ͲмװĺǵȰػģкҰõĶݣҲա

һ仰Ͳִ̫̫˺ӵϲȡ

ִ̫̫ɫһ˲ְףӲöЦݣᣬͽ͹ô̫̫ôץ¶š

᣿ּ̫̫̫˲ײĲᣬȻǺͿĳҲȥݸꣿ˵ãùվûҰװģ

ʧһʱգһ׮£ھѾܡΪĻֻǴһ˼ܹ棬۰顣û뵽մ飬̫̫Ȼͱ˵

д֮ˣɲС֮׺˵ġ̫̫Ȼ֪ǵĴԣ뵱ΪЩԱѪŰŸŪΪǵѪԵϵܼܽҡ˭ּ£ûǾ͸͵Цˣ

⻰òڴִ̫̫һ˲ǵͨ졣һ˵ղŻú˵ĸ˿˼һԸΪ̬ȡ

ִ̫̫ϣһҲˡ

һ˲ѻȸǶ֪ò˵εúܡ
̫̫ȴ㲻ΣҸ氲ϴ⻰˵ۿŮģҲ󷽷ؽڽֱܹ׵˵˵ĵεΣԼ԰ŵİأ̫̫ĭϲ

һԿĺЦɴ˸һ裬ʡһڸɡ

Ҳ˵̫̫߰һɨǰܡڽűº׼š֨ѽһһ˫Ĵֱܹ˴ᱧ

ʲô裬ǣͨͨûСŻﱻһŴ廨˾ô˱á

ܼҺܴ󣬰ŸŸͷҪ˯˲ڵˡԱߵϲһ仰˵ΪϹˣ˼ԸҲ˵

ˣš

ԽɤͷƮŲŻ㱵شܹ

һص𣬰ͷƤٿһ飬ˡ֪ΪʲôȻֽŲõĻҡӲվţðָ

һֻס֣ŲŻеظȥ

޶԰ݵվԴľġδŴĳʽôԸУ·ݹذݹãǾͻһһһӡȻҲûʲôģֳԸУð̬ɢˡ

ˡǻһһһ˫ˡ

崲ϵʱѵ֪֪֮ϯĶӶ

ˣԵ֮룬ȳԵĵӡϲﰲģźûˡŴͳһСɵĺɰֱƵָ׸ǴССġպöʱһһڰ͵͵򿪺ɰĿʱźȻ֨ѽһˡ

ȿȡӦǰͥк˵úÿ죡

ĬĬźɰڴһ䣺ȥɡ

ǡŮӦŵ

ŵĵİţ

ôԭڣղ͵ĵӸòᶼˣ

ܹŴΪ͵Ĳ˷ֵİţ̲סЦһȥЩʳ

ǡ

֨ѽһϡܹ񻺻ߵ崲ǰû£΢΢ͷ۾ƽһֻ쵽ŵĸͷԵЦһˣ

ϻû𣬳ŵһڷûһˮûȡ

ˡһૣͷӦҿ

ȻһŹȻǰܹϵЦһ˲佩סѣ룡

źȻӴ˫ϡӱ§ܹڹԺ˼ˤ˻ˣʶϽס

ȴһЦͷһҧ촽ϣܹӣԺָ̡

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