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ϧ콵һֽٰ飬ҽ
壺
үֻߣ޲ߣ˰ˣ
󽫾ӣ£úѧһ̫֮ҽԺ

һĹȴ룬ġ
ǰֻһҽŮ׷ڲ࣬ſ˫ۣͽ͵ֵļꡣ
ڳһۣľǵ޷˵ıӰ
ڰǰһƹ⡣
Ҫҵص֣ҲҪҵǸһ뱣ҽŮ
֪ɷڶŮ˽飬Ϊʵһʵֵ롪̫ҽԺ
壨֣ΪʲôҪ̫ҽԺ
ӣΪ
壨ʮ֣󽫾һˣⱲӶû̫ҽԺʵֻؼң׳Ե绹ڼҡ
ӣ
û뵽ҽŮȻڼˣ
һҵĳĲô£
ٵ𣿣
С糡
޿̣ӣҪĻܻ𣿡
ӿ
Ҫ룬ǾҪˡ
ҲգǾͳȫɡ
ףǱԸ
л巢һȻСػؼˡ
ӣ
ӣ

1.  һ   һаҽŮ

Ӫ͹ĵʱлæŸҵĸ
ĸͷ̥ԼҲŵúܣл˰쾢ŰƳ̥أ˿
ڻˡлأԺߺĸҪú̱
ЦеԱ߿šл岻ǳǾϵҽȴϸµҽţ򰡣֣ðڵ
ʱҽأһ̥˾Ͳһֽ̥ĻҶл塣
ҽɲʲôлƣŮԸɣ仹лôŮӡ

лѪǺ϶ѪӡӣȻٵ
һûԸⰤţлȴȻй˵񾻣һ峿򻨣մˮҲȻһ򻨡
Ƥףռɰ̾ķɳȴҲǲİﴵƵġ
лӹֽ˰ļǰ¥֬ڴªȦҲܷ
˰塣Цеأߣҵǰͷȥ

л֪һ¿϶һʱѾ֪жٸʱôûġ
վûֻҪˮϴ֣ｻһڻιЩϡ࣬ٸ࣬мǵιЩˮȻ׼ߡ
֪֪ˣĻءֲɣ㿴ҪȥƴǵˣͶƲˣ󶼹ȥУǹһҪϯ


лߺ˵ȴǣϲϲ磬һҪȥС
ѽʲôԾˣϲĴͷɺһûˡ

üˣҪһѡ
л˵һͺˣ̫ʧˣһ˲۾ѽѽһмʱ򴩵ѣɫõúܡʱζһأҰϴ׼ÿ
һ˵һлߣ߬лϵָ֭Ƶġ

л˵㰴סڻʱôûôѲãܾĻֲ˼ڣֻȦĺڻ·͸ͬƵġ
лһ˸п˴򽻵̫ˣⱲӸһɣ

ʱһ󼱴ٵǰߺл𣿡

ڣأ
л屳ҽ䣬ǰͷȥңȻ˵ɻСġ

һΪϵҶȻѾǰˣлֻ緹ʱûҵûֻһˡ
ǰ棬ֻϾ˵Ĵæֱſڡ
һԼ飬ϵü֣ǺܰһҽҪǿлԽԽķϣ𽵹

лܸлݸ߰Ϊֻ߰ܡһ׷
ԴʦʦĸлûչˣÿÿлæųʱСķϵġ
ҪܾǳѣҪôһ׶ˣлֻŲմֱӳ嵽ſڡ

һ̧ͷͿһƥŴĸͷϹͭ壬ϵ˴ż¡ǴӾӪġ
лһ¡

һοıǰбʿʦϢͻ
Ǹҹѩг˻ѣС𣬴Ӱ뿪ķȥľļ¡

ǳǱʮţŮҽл壿ϵıʿ˲лʵ
ǡ

پҽͷϻȥӦ
ʿ˵Ÿлһݹģ޾ߣȻҪȥһ

ƮƮģЩЧҹģл塱ͷ滹žӪĴӡ
뱱ҽ⼸սƵۣ׵塣
սңжһһ٣еʼŮӶϡеŵĶı·лû·ı㲻Ҵ֮С
˵ҽս浱սʦǻӡ

壬˭㰡׷˳ֻһ̳Զȥһסл֣ýģǾԲٷſļƣѽˣȻݣϴϴ硱
Ȼ䣬лþӪҲûôˡ
һչǵģƽұˡ
۾ͶùԲģһִֻһѾͰҪѼˡ

*

ؾפŮɽ£ǳǲԶһʱִܵ
лСʱʱʦյҽãָԯɡ
ʱֻհǸߴԯšֺһԼ˵һļױŵúϲ£ֻ֪ͷȫûע⵽ʦһ顣

ѾӵСŮˣȴȻŮɽӪ𺳣ʱпХ·ɱζ

پҽĶȻСԯǰ˳ӣлǣڶβǰһס

ŮӾȻ١
٣Ϸ۷۵ġϺģ˿ںƵĳҲ˿ңŮɽ
ѵӿȥ⻬·Ĺ󣬺лڲׯġΪӡĹػɫ

лſﴫ֬ɻ
һд򲻻ᶼò˰ɣ
ܱҲʲô£ЩŮӿɲԿˡ

лڿŮǣŮҲڿл壬ͳһֻƳһۣ㼯ջĿ⡣
л㷢˹ɣŹʴģŮǵĿҪͣóࡣ
ǵģ˺üŮӡһǳģһ³㾪ˣò֮ʣ֮£öʵĴ嶼̲ס࿴ۡ

ڴҲֻſ˶ٵĶǴΪͬУЩ˱˴˶ϵãһ㺮
лһ󣬲֪ҽٴҽ⣬ҪѡһҽŮ

ҽԭͻЩҽŮչ˲ˣŮϸģⷽǿö࣬ȻҲǳһ㿼ǣԲѡҽŮɣ
ǻ˵Ǵ󽫾µһʱӦơϾ˭֪󽫾ǻӣսŴ󽫾ɽڶһʱҪǣ겻ʮ꣬Ҹû
лʱΪʲôҽŮôˡ

ԯŵʱ򣬶鱻顣
һҽ˵ģһҽģһҽŮǡ

һҽʮˣһϽϵǺܽڶüڽ֡
лѵýţǵȴ˶˲٣İѵľϲС

𿼺ҽպУξҲҽ˵ҽۣܵϹְ˵λУξ¹󹦣˵õƸΡ
УξʮͣӲߣɵӣ

˵Ĺͦ򵥣ʼôΣܿɸġ
һʣԭ˵ĸҽһһɱһֻᶤơ
Уξӻ̶˸˳ȥ

лʱ򣬺Уξһ㶣Ŵ˰ɣҽŮǱߡ
ҲҽŮлͣҽ
㣬Ů˶ҽˡУξǲмֻǾŮӼҼҸˡ֢л嶼üȷһоġ

Уξ̾˿Ϸл壬ʱȻһ£ǳǣ
л壺ǡ
ǰʶһǳģҲлǸùУξм꣬Ըܱһ

Ҫ򹴵ʱȻ˴汻ƿ
һаҽŮ




2.     󽫾

ǰһΡ
Уͱ꣬ӭһս
פڱķ߳ܹа˴ϳơ˴Ӫ˰˴ӪбԽŮɽ򱱵ҷ˱ܹ׼һٽ֮佺Ŷս¡

ʵǼࡣֻбΪֻɵȫӪ··ΧضϹɺ·һ·Яس䵱ԮΪӦ
Ȼ֮ʣ˶ϹʮʮҹûеȵԮӰӡ

սһ̣о뷢

ʱһСεǰХӰ˴⬡
ӰסʱֻƮƮģûһ˿еҽŮ֪ʲôֻ֣˺塱

ϲ˼ʸûʹ֮ɫһ־׵ᡣţȥһõİߡ
Ļһֻľ񣬴ʺѪѩ
ССģǸ棬ڵ죬üȻַ

ϵãĵ

*

Ƿӵһîʱ·ɽ̲סҽʱ򣬷ˡ
ξѪѩȽȽ˺ȡ֮Ϥʶ߿Ϥ죬ƥ˻ͱʿǲ

ʲôʱ򣿡ʡ
ʱ·ɽɽŵʣûﲻǲˣҾ˵øӣǴ󽫾үʿҲҪиִ硪
·ɽɆûûˣӴһꣿ
·ɽһ£Ͷš

ʲôӣ
ʮġ·ɽеɻ󣬵ڶӵĳ羴һӳ⣬ֻƼߵľҽ˵λܴҽţԸͶֻ֣ش֮ܣòܴһвβûҲꡣ

ȫûȥ
սʮ£Ҳ˵һۻصһ֮ǰ 
֮µô޻Щ֮ʱĳ־ԮĽΡսʮ˵ľһ̱˱ѵķŭʹ඼ôʵʵ˻ɴ˿̲ξ
ԼǸΪҽŮ͵飬ͺǿ

пһλаҽŮӰ˰üģȥ
·ɽǴؿϵĵҲڸǲסôˣǾдûʲôҽŮ

ӻعˣŮɽϺȱפظӼ࣬Ů岻ǿڱפؿʼļҽŮʱ򣬷һֱûڡ
ŮɽҽӪҽ١ҽҽ䣬ȴûҽŮ
Ǿȥһ

*

·ɽȻѾɽԼĶλʼ߻ӷӵĸ
ص㲻ǡǡĸ 

ʱ·ɽɵáϲݣΪڿ 

˵ʵ·ɽɾã죬ǹһıԣرʹ˵Ǻȱ㣬˵ˡʱ·ɽɾһ䡰ûҼӡĳ̶ȡ

ӾȻŮɫ
ŮɫҲǺõģõزŮɫ·ɽе㵣ġ

·ɽȫˡ

Ƕô⡣һүȢ޻檣ضôģǣ棬ᾪ͢ȥַǴҪע⣬ʮ鷳
ҽŮôݣʱ̷ߣֲκעĿ
ӹȻӣ

Ľο·ɽȥһƴǣڱԴĸС硣
ʮҽŮоʣҽŮ⣬˽ǻݣ̬ͳһһò
ǡᡱǡòһɱĴʣԺµʱ˿ɿ·ɽɲԾ¶ҸЦݡ

ɷӵһһҽŮɨüͷȴ΢΢ҽŮ
ǰء·ɽﻹҽŮ¼ϸҽŮ䡢ͿˣȷʵûнаģǲǼǴˣҪҵλ

׵ŮָӿŮиŮӵΪòһλ˾ͬһڴʢŵĵκ˵ߡ
̬ʮӺݶׯҲɬ΢΢Ƿʩŵķȣ·ɽֻڻʹвż
ݣǵҲˡ·ɽĬĬе

ϧȴûٿڶֻۣȥҡÿһҪŹ

øӹԵʧ֮ɫ·ɽҲòˡ
֪ʲôɹɫż

ҽӪ﷢Ŀ֮סˡ

һȺԲҽǵУһλݵĹﱻĵԽСһѩ׷·İųȥһྻС׻··ɽٲҪ࿴ۣ˵Ҫһڡ
Ϊӵˣ̶ǲǻŵ㣿
ԭӢӵ۹⣿

·ɽ˼һ˾ӵ۹ǾԲдģȻһǿ϶ĴҪúþԼ۹⣬ԱӵĲ

*

л廳ɺУξ˵Ǹùʦ
ͬʱɣ˵ҽգʦùҲһ̳ˡ

һ·λ·һֱѾ°͸鵽ؿˣԷ߻ҪƵģҪùԤС

鵱ͱൽоʼ󽫾ʲô飿
սսҲҳһڣмٷʮʵݵǷʲô֮
ûСƢʱ򲻹ѵ߷ʵл磬ѵڶ컹ιǣȻлڵϲ 

˴ʣ˾Ͳֹ·ɽһˡ

ˢˢعͷ

лãʵĻʱĸӦþʮĹֱӰķɳȥ

̧ͷ
˵
࣬ΪҶҳԵü䰲ͳ

л̧ͷ
̧ۣƤȻʵʵţֻǰء

һ˫ɫţƤѥҰУһزɫ°ڡ°ھӪ洦ɼÿ䶼ô°һճһؾݵ
л岻ƣϽͷ
ûɹָס°̧ͣ

ôȿ˴󽫾ݡ

󽫾ǻӡһƱΪʵۣԴǰˡ
Ӽδ뿪ӪǵȻҲͲڱǵĻۻǰǵϿ
ǰα嫵б˵ͷʮ֮ãȴǰڷӵ¡
Ƕ˵ɱֻб׵ˣڰǵУ֣ͭ壬ʨ𣬾Ͳûһ

˿л֪ԭⶼҥ

Ӻܸߣȴࡣ˾ߴ׳ʵٽı󺺵УЩݣԵ
ͻüҲߣ۾Եú䣬רעؿлʱüۼԭζȥ˼֣Գһ˿ҲЩôлⴼ

ԭġ




3.     ҩҺ

ӵһ۾ϳˡ 
ξеİԶͷģֽſ죬ᣬ˵٣˱֮䱼æʱһֻݵĺ֮ƽʹ

ֱ˿̣֪ʲôӡ
С֪Ϊ̫ûнӴŮӣñСɣһָھ͸ס°͡
ļܰף׵òڱķɳУ꽭ʪˮ
ĵӺСΪҴںѾԼϢ٣۽ֻһ۱ȥĽë΢΢񶯵ĳ

ӺȻʶôȥܻܿһԼ

һע⵽ĴڣѾڱΧʱ
Ԯ˿ûжڶݵЪսȥ̽˱ڻѱģӮһս֮ʲôԸ롣
ǹʿһֶΡ
ֻϧڱʿһһĴڣ˭Ҳûкĵһ죬ͳһش۵СۣһʱûзӦʱмΡ

ȥ̫ҽԺúϰҽ
˴žķȥһݵӰһҲŲɫѣϵһΧȹΧȹϻвѪգؿں½һڴɴƿƿ޹ޡ
ǸŮˡ
ҽŮ

ӲǵľʲôʱѡҽŮ飬˱õչȻһҽʿҪְǷӵƵºͣã뿪ҶΪԸ

лл󽫾
Ҳ֪ΪţͣĿİ˵꣬˻ղӰȥ

ʱû⣬ڲ΢΢һôСĹʱŵôվģ
ʱҲΪ˸ͷʿʱȿֺ󿪿ڣе˵ҪؼȢϱе˵Ҫؼұӣе˵Ҫأе˵Ҫһͷţе˵Ҫ࿳ˣͿ
ӳһ˷ܵף۾ﶼĹʡӵڻǵǵģǵǵԸ

촹ʱ⵹
һΣұػһһΪʵ֡

*

лĶǿʼð
°ͣӭϷӵߡ
ӵ̫ӣ̫Ͽ˹ȥδ³ѾʶܾúܾƵġ
лȫǵλ󽫾

ǻӣձȨҽﶥżֻèһָͷͿٸģǵκνܿĿһ

·ϲһѾεˣˡϴлоԼ񱻷ѳ롣
һʾ֭ȥ֮ʶĿԣһֻ͵ڸӰԼˣһ˰ˡ

ڣлȥ֮ǰڷſ֣Ը˶ˣȥ˰ɡ

лŴ뿪ʵʱо뿪վµĸоһȻ𲻶ԡ
һҽΪʲôҪμҽŮĿˣ

*

ҽŮĿ˱ҽҪ鷳Щ
ΪǴ󽫾µȻҪҽŮ߷̣㲻ҽǰֻǿͷһʡ

Ůӣϸȴʤӣ˻ϴҩЩǿҵҽкüҽŮҲǰ򡣡
ܴǵҽһб㱻ҽְ֮̿һҩģҩҩȥٲȻһСҽˡ
ҽŮһҪβһЩ򵥵໹Ҫ֪ģһЩõķҲ豳죬趮ôץҩҩЩϸ񣬿ˡ

ۿҪˣ˶࣬ÿնдĲҽʿҪЩҩԱʱ֮裬ҽŮǵĿ

еҽŮһͦо飬÷ҲһҩеԴһЩҪܴ÷ӡ
÷Ӿ÷ӣΪʲôҪȥܴ֣ȵȣǲǵݹȥʲô
һο˵лߣлûмʶشһ¡

ɽⲻܴţúץҩɡ

ܾҽŮǸл岻֪ʲôͷֻôŮ棬һֻķÿ˶ͷãҴķâ
ʱл߱ܣһӦüͷҪֻ˲ܴһİۣת߿ˡ

лֻ֪Сǽķӣ֪˵ģҲͨãⲻҪлѾˡ
ͨˣػؼˡ
ϾСҲǸ¶һСϰߣһսҽȻܵҵϱǮʱһҪһӣҽһҲ

ЩҩҽҲҪõϵãʣºüЩİרЩץƷʱҲһӾ꣬ȵһƥҽʮ־տӡ

㣬°͵˵л壬ץһݡ
лʶܴ򷽲ŵλãȴ˸գԼбæµȥˡ
Ǹ㻹ұ˰ɣлϿҵصҪǰ㣬ܾ͵ûؼˡ

´лһۣһл
ǶССģȴʮֳʵлͷһ־ȻֻСɵĽ𶧣˵Ҳжء

ʲôĶģôʶĴ󽫾һʡ

лⱲӻûôصĻƽ̲סһôһСԼҽóԵܴܰôֵǮĶƣʵࡣ
лʵǺ࣬鷳Իǽ𶧻˻ȥͬʱʵش˸⣬Ҳʶ󽫾󽫾ϴˡҵҽҲǰӣҩץģأ˰ɡ

㡪Բˡ
Աһλʮ͵ҽŮЦҪ˰æֱ˵ҩһǻġλҲʵûѣ㿴ٺɳԷӶץȥˡ


л壺ллҲ֪

ҽŮЦһ£ζ׳ġ
ѹеͣмŮˣ׷ߺ

л壺
аȣţôףһƱ֪

˵һСﹴס󽫾ԭֶΰȫǱģģ󽫾һԺã˵ڹеʱŮõģǵĹŮߣҲҪ

лͷ˵̲סû¶Цݡ
Ļǿ̫ˡ

λҽŮл󣬴Ҷݽ㡱Ƕƽ˳ȥݽץҩһ𰾣һʱҩ
޹ôסȱȥ͸ˣһȥ͸Ļ⼸λʣµѧŻݽҩһкü˱֣޹۾ǻӽȹϣ˿϶ۣܽʱһƬ

лôЩҽŮҽŮ

˰ɣûɻġݽ㿿лԱߣһ¯лһ
л岻⣺ʲô

ɴ󽫾

л屻סˡ

ô°ɡݽһЦ㣬Ǵ󽫾ľʶΪʲô

ݽ㷽ž飬лҩˣлȴƵرԼǲ߰ҩֻллûиµϰߣֻϴˡ

ݽЦЦû׷ʡŷӵľٶЩףԻݽ㾭˫ǲӶŮӵռ봹ѣҪȷʲôеҪϸ

ҩ֮ÿʢһ룬ͬҩһܴĿ
ܴ۽𾦣һһţţ̭ܿ˼֮ⲻھơûдӴҽŮ

Ҫֵлʱ˽
оǰҲΪͰȳ

󽫾ܴ
˵ȵҩܴܵһ˵һֶһ룬⼸Щϻ𡣡
ɲɣл롣

л壺
лţ򰡴򽻵ʱǻԶԶӦֳ棬ۣˣ󽫾

ܴɨһҩʲô֮ʱɫ

ûüѾһͷҩһ




4.     ˾ȴҩô

ӣ
·ɽɵһʱ䷢˲ܴɫԣ鼱֮°˽µĳƺ˳һѶֻ룬Ƶܴǰҩǲǲԣж𣿣

ʱ򣬾ͱߵˣڹǹֻû뵽ƬӪ˸Ҹ飡
·ɽƽʱɢӣȴĿ¶׹⣬һͷƽֻ֪ɹ̫Ȯһ˿ķ

ԭҪȥɽĲѾ˴ˣ·ɽɿҽŮǵıӰֹһ䡰ҽ𡱣ӺȻվס˽š

ҽͷ·ɽɡ
š·ɽһͷһ룬첻찡

û˵̧ȴҽӪˡ

ԣʲô£ȫһ仰ǳİ뵽һ·ɽɾ޷ԭԼ

ܴ·ɽŵô˸·Ϣŭҩ޶޶
·ɽɵë˳ȥˣʲôӻΪı󽫾

޶ȷʵ޶ġ
ְܴҵĵشս󽫾嵱ȻҪģлΪ󽫾صˣҲǵû׵ġ
ãΪλҽŮѧҽҩһССĲأܻô󽫾ЩĲʡ

·ɽһɱڵˣôʣ

лһȥĶԻֵʲôСձͬվţȫձ˳Ҷһ£ȶҲš
ԴѾ͵ؿϣȻо˵߶ϣ𾪵ģģҲֻһԣܺ߱ˡ

лᡣ
ֻץҩӪǽʮӶʮҲ벻ҩ˴󽫾Ķӡ
ô죿
󽫾ҩʲô
ҹ
ͷ

ӿǰлԼһֻеԭɶѵҩˡ
ֻж

ôСĵӣôҸսģôڼеǰģ
һҽγΪҽŮҽվסţһģ

¡ڲܴóʵ֮ǰӿڣлҽŮҩһĽӣҶȴǶ֢ҩȥöˡ

⻰һڣӾ;Ծˡ
ΪҽŮ̧ͷԼһֻȵл塣

лʵ̫ˣһ̧ͷӭ˷ӵߡ
Ϊ˾øɽֹ׽ʱĿȴΪºͣһ˿лҽŮٽϰҽ츣нʿ

лһжʮֲҪôٽϰ׳ҩнʿһݣ
Ҳذɣ

ܴǰسһ
зǴ󽫾Լƽϵ˼ܴ»СС»ޣǿٺò

ߣô츣нʿؿڣ׳ҩ𣿡

ʲô׳ҩ·ɽɵҪΪ㳤úÿͿԺ˵˵Ҫ׳ҩǴ󽫾ôܡ
·ɽɵµĻסˣΪӲܴϿ̾Ϣ顣

Ҳһ
˷ŵĲ

һ˲䣬˼ž
뻮һ

·ɽɻȻתͼⲻ֪ʱһȺΧۣн죬Ҳбʿ

ֻǿ󽫾ҽӪ֪ʲô£Ը
Ȼ֣ȻǴ£

дִͷƮ

Ƕ֢Ƕ֢Ƕ֢Ƕ֢
׳ҩ׳ҩ׳ҩ׳ҩ׳ҩ

û˵һ仰ûнһ˷Ӧͦ죬ָһ̣ʾԼҲܴ·ɽɵġ

·ɽɷ·ѾһѺɤ쳹Ůɽ
󽫾һֱŮɫԭΪУ

*

桢Ҫ𣿡
лĴ

׳ҩ޶Ҳûʲôҩлܴ򰾵ҩҪõ̶
Ҳ˵˿Ҳûʲô

Լµ̯Լʰ
ܴװҩĴлǰһ飬ˡ

ݽȰл壺ҩǽⲻ˵ģȴǿԡ뿴󽫾Ϊ˱㣬Ҳõ
˵ֵ濴󽫾ΪһҿҲûм⣬ƾʵ˵󽫾ЩѶȣô˻ᣬһ£ˮԼԼġ

Ȼദʱ䲻㳤лڻݽǲķʽѾһ˽⣬֮ǰȴҲ˺һ䡣
ֻ˵ɻ֪һţ֮ǰǰԼֶˣҲҩ
ܴȻҩ㲻ȫ⣬Ҳܰϴ󽫾һô̯ȷʵֻԼʰ

һţͷԼˡ
̯ӣкܶԸȥʰ
ΪüҽŮ׷ʾʵˣǿ԰æȥҩ

ûͷɤӣҽŮǶʱ˿һԡ
˹
ûеڣл˫ְѴ˹ȥ

һֻϸ紺а֣ӹ䣬һ䣺ʶࡣתصȥˡ

Ȼʱˡ
ɫѿǱһҲͰˣؼһȳһգϵǼϼ篻˺˺üӣͷһңմſ֦Ҷϻۡ

ҽŮˡ
ݽ̲ס૵Ǵ󽫾ôҰ𣿡

ʲôȻŭûɽˤӵ𣿡

лҩ
ҩʲôҩֱأźˤӵģԼˤúˣǶ˰Ҳ֪ҿ

æ񣬶˲Ķ˲裬ˮĵˮ˿ڵĿ˿ڡ

лĵطŮɽŮɽƣɽѩ겻ѩˮѶ£ɽγһ̶ܴ˵󽫾

µǳǳɹŮɽϣѩҫ¶ɫҼ

л룬ȡһҩ㴩ӪʣŮɽȥ

ˤôңԭΪɽ·жමͣԻҩع˺«ԱЯ
ɽŷȫǶһ٣ԭɽҲӪʣͿһɽ·ȥ

һ·򣬵ɽ̶ǰ·ɽһβͲݣ·ڡ

·ǲܴ󽫾ҩ
л彫«ݹȥӲͷƤ
·ɽɿĿߣÿһǶǴһֱڵϣлʱܰεͷ󽫾ס

ллأɿ˵ȻһԲÿ·

л壺

Ѻ«ǰһݡ
·ɽһ·õøһЩ

лʾҪͽȥɣ
·ɽش𡪡ѵң

ڶϣлȳ˵һϰԵһͷһ־ˣԼףȥ͸ҩٿĸͷҲӦ

δ߽Ѿ÷жһ˿⣬תһƬɽҵʱҰȻһƬγ̶ˮֳһıɫɫʯΡ
̶ˮ̫峺ˮһ࣬ӿ̶ߣж˼ףֻ󿪣¶ļͬ϶һֲĺΡ

۾䣬ɫڣ߽
һͷעһֻСߵԼǰ




5.     һģ

л鲻Խɪһ£²ȵһһӡ
һֻ䷭ɽʯ䣬붼˺üƬҩȻʣ

л壺
뵽ģû˻ƽɽ·ˤǸӣ֮ǰǱܿڷﴥùͷ
лˣæ£«߾ٹͷ󡢴󽫾ҩ

ɽ紵̶ˮĴŰߣؼԵʮּžлԼ

ԽûжлԽ죬ȿҪӵԼʶҪ·ӡ

ôԶҩ͸˭
ڿˣɤ͵͵ģһ˿ƣ֮ǰӪʱºˡ

лͼѺ«ֱӹȥס治뷨Ŭߵ̶ߣ쳤ְֱֻۣѺ«ǰ

ȴٳûӣֻʣ㶶ʲôҳ㣿

л˵Ҳ붶ɸ첲ѾˡҲǣһ׳ҩˣһ͵ǰŮˣĳΣռֱüޣҪǲǻ͸ˡ

лһᣬڰѺ«˹ȥİɣһԼ°ܲס죿

лʱһȴش仰һ˿
ɲ֮ԼˡĴ˶ܾˣʲôΣأ

ԡԲҲ´󽫾󽫾Ӣ䣬µһȵĴˣΣл巢ԼȻĳһƨĵ˳ȻԼ̲סԼ

ο«׼ҩԺȻסˣĿһ˿ӡ

л壺
Ȼƨļɲλɣ

µһȵĺˣʣôҵģ

лʵûƨľ飬Ѱ˼ʱǲӦٽļ£κξʮޣʵĲֻǺͷ
죬ǾЩε˼
ڷһɬ

ǰһҩ˱ȣĴڼ򵥣ͷֻһӣΪ̫Ȼ˱ģϵһ÷׵ͷùؾأκͷ̫࣬޽ǻϸ΢ëӭŴ΢΢Ź⡣
ϵΧȹҲϴ׵ͷĲȻͬһԴȫûаΣһֻ򵥵λһ黨ûУ׹ϸɸɾûж

Լ۲ùϸ֮󣬷΢΢һߡ
СԲĶ·Ȼǰý͸ͬһڷ죬һƬµ觡

ԭһϲ
ԭһ顣

Դ˼ֻеľ棬ѰҰֻΪȻжڰĳ飬ʮףʱѾ࣬û˼Ů鳤

һ̣ɽ΢䣬̶ˮȴһ˿ûйů⡣
һ֦⣬ůʱһƶ磬֦Ϸ˯еⱻѣ֦˵һƬѿ
Ϯů⣬˲ɢţִɢ֫ΪĳѹƵĵطע

ӣ
׳ҩ

ͷͰҩˡ

ʵ׳ҩϤ
ȷе˵û˶ֶϤ
ĸԨۣһֱԼĳ⣬ΪԼʹսˣڴˡ
ΪǰһԸԨսϱһӴ˳˾ֻ֮˵Ȥ
ӷӶʮֵܡʮõʵԨڴϿνǳɾ׿ԽԽԽ׳صĹƷĿŵؼ׳֮ÿЧҩ߱

ȼůһ̶ҩܽϨӷֲ/ŭüͷѺ«˳ȥ
«һɽʯ˵ϡ

лԸоķ꣬ﻹѰ˼ѾڰϧıȥѺ«ʰӲ˲
ûãȻ˼ۣʹáȻеԭȥҪǮ

ôҩѾˣǴ󹦸ɣﻹԥǲҪ󽫾ĸͷߣѾԼʶʼĵˡ
Ĵ󽫾ѾˣĴ󽫾еˡ
ӱͱ˺һЩڳ͸ŵһĹ⣬ʱͷһŻüǵǽһ·ʱܰ//ˡ

ʱ򣬷ӵüͷȻһɣ϶һ˿죺ҩôô𣿡

ҿܴҩ˻ǻܿ࣬Է˵ǡлĺһС󡢴󽫾ϢŭԺҲˡ

ӿɷ׵С̲ס̾˿
⵨ӣͳһƣָֻ׸ô

޷ӵһЩҲɡ
˵ˡ
ΪȻȹηҩ
ԭĿѾѺˣû뵽Ѻȵǿе
ֻʱΪҩıˣʵû뵽˸ǣû뵽Ǹ˾

ԭôˡ
ʱһʱҩʱһյе裬ʱһྻɴϢּΪĵչ

лȻ̧ͷͷһ˷ӵϣΪ֮ǰºͣڿԼĲʣ·
ԴʦʦȺҲûбйлһ˿Υů⡣
ĵҲֻ֧ôһۣȻݣȴ桪ϳδˣȻҩЧڷӣҲڷ죬ɼӰʵǳ
һİ̺ۣбб䳤ǼҪء
ֱŴ˰̵ôġ

Ȼ֮䣬ˡ
֮ǰһֱ֣Ӻȴҩ亦ŭ϶ͷһ봦ǵû𣬷͡
ʢѪգ׳ҩȻ֢ܶͷزʶô󽫾ҲûҪΪһҽŮ˷١
ôֻһܹˣصˣµ˻壬Ѿ㡣
ǵģǴ𰸡

󽫾ˡҽͨҽ֮´л󽫾ɱ֮л£һͷ
̧ͷȻֱӷӣȻʮֳֿصֻҪвͻҩο㲻ʲô󲡣ֻҪϺúóҩĵһȬ
ȭϵصһģ

˵ⷬѾùлеٴʩһˡ


ӿ뿪ıӰų֪ؾһ˿Ծ
Եͬô£

*

л廹֪Ӫһ죬ôŮɽˡ

ҽӪÿ춼Ľǰιۡ

öǾн죬ǽһˣߺҪ󿪷ҩ
ڸʲôҩǸںΪҪĿľǼһǸҸ󽫾׳ҩҽŮ

лʮΣ൱ȣö˱Ҳǿˣ˾֮󻹻ض㿪ȥ

ϷһפŮɽ棬˼յϢһشӪڶ·ɽɴȥˡ
·ɽͬĳҲͬʱɵߵģ˺õͬһã·ɽΪ⼸յ룬ȫѾ巳ˣһŰ߳ӪʣҪԼȥӲû㡣
ּһ䣺ֲʲôɹɫ·һץһѵģʲôÿģ
ʮֲޣΪӵǱлܻģлǸ

ϷԼȥҽӪ
֮һ·ɽƨϣСǲϹǿĻһץһѣб¸ץһ

·ɽɷ˸ϴİֵۣܣղʱϹۣвץҩԣˡ
ΪһֻȫȳǰȻȳԺȡ鶼Դ֣¹˵ǵȻǺݺݴһٲˡ

˲ûӪʵʱǰеλ𣿴󽫾롣
һĽȣľŮӪɽ֮һ
ۻðȴѵõõ֣·ɽϷ治¡

һʣ֮ͨǰ嵶롣

ڿ̿ıͼ
ǵûº󱱵ҽ֣Ȼһס˷ߣΪ˭Ҳû뵽һˮݷļսȫ±˸ֲʧء

˵ĵű߱ϣ÷̧ͷ档
ѵӵʵһޣһģһ

ǷӳΪͳ˧֮ʱ͸˵Ľ͡

Уһ̴ӱͱŵģһѵ




6.     Ϊ

ܴͷۡ
һҽŮǽεεĴС㣬ոˮܰԼݣȻҪܴҩ
˵ɻ˵ҡ
󽫾Ȼǰȫ

óģֻܹ롣
СԻݽΪ׵ģеͣɫƽƽһɻġ
ǰл塣
лǸҽҩĶϲȫָץҩʤڿ죬ݽ˴ֻǺܲġ

л屾ҲģҽŮ͵ҽŮɣõǮҲࡣÿݽ֣渵ʰʰ̯ӣһ͹ȥˡ
ܿ͵֮ĵһգлһʰ˶׼ؼһˡ

ܴ֣Щҽ㡣
ܴҽʹΪӦӪ⽵Լˮ׼߸ߵܣ鰸Լϼ׵ķıֵر¶ԭӦھӪʵ

лȥͼһҽ룬ѵаߡ
ᶼǸҵİɣл屧һ˿ϣʡ

ţЩǳЩģʺţȿţʲôľҡ
ܴæýŲմأ˾Ҫߡ
ӽļ۱ͱҶˮݷϢ֮ڣʱиʱ򣬵еĲȴƽʱһļ±ʼ浶ǹʱͻ˿ҽæת

лҽ˰Σһŷһҳ͸еԵͷΡǿö⣬ȫѧʶԼǰ뱾ǧġϵϲȫ
һҽŮȻҪô
ѹֻݽ㾭һЩԭѧʶԨ¡

л屧ҽ·Щײһˣɽ֮һϷ棬æⲻǣϷȴûֱǰ
л˳ȥҽŮǵ
ҽŮǵʮһ䣬ббսȥһ⻨Сü
չҫۣݹҫۣڵ糾͵ľӪܿ˶ԾױǺεѵã
л˿Ҵɽ

ױĲֻиһֻռλòһѡȻҲע⵽Ϸ棬׷Ц㣬ǸǶˡ
ƳһۡϷվԶչεÿ׵ǷŹ⣬˹Բõһţԭмģκ˸ƵһǸ·ϵ׼ӣԵмֺЦ
صƷɽѣϱһۣ컯

лݽЩҽŮӹ֬׷ۣͷֻ¶СλﶨȻǴ١
ˣ㲻м˵Ʒɽʱл廹̲סһ¡
ϾлƷ֪үѾǴˡ

Ƴһۣһѵ飺㵹ùôϰЩ׳ҩô
ҽŮǶЦ

лһס˼죬΢һദŵǳϿҵصݽ˵˳òÿҪ顣

㵹е֪֮ʱЦˣСлһ˦أ˺ÿвò˫ȫ˲ÿٶҲǵҽŮοأ
Ӻ׳ҩܾȷʵɨأлȫȫβɽˣ˵Ҳûл壬ƽ˲١

ټЩлҽӪææ£˻ȥҽǶæṳ̂һֻǴ󽫾ĳЩԭʶҲֹʶѣȫûֻ䲻䡣
лԴ˵ķӦǣ˵ģľͺá
ص˵ͷ˵úе

˸ۣһŤͷ߾ˡ
л岻֪ΪʲôˡһʦĽ̵˳ŵûģȽϲױ

ҲŸһˣǴͣΪȥУ
Ǽ٣ѲĴ󽫾档

л飬һȺƵط˳ȥԵؾûݽ˵öԡ
ӪȻǸɶġ

*

ôһ飬л¸ϲϻؼҸС緹·УԱߡ
Уʮֿ󣬶ߵĸ̨ϣӶ죬ʿУϱף̤Уϣķɳ紵ˡ
лסڱǣٸ·

أǰ·رеĳ/ǹסȥ·
лһΪʲôرʾȥУ㽫̨ϵ˲ͨСȥ㽫̨

лˣرңȥ㽫̨
˱Ҳʲôϵɣ

ر϶صô˵ġ
лֻСƹУ;о֦չҽŮǣҽŮǱǻžʿźʱ׷ͣĿ׷ıӰֱ㽫̨ϡ

лĵ鷳ˡ

㽫̨߳У࣬һࡣ̨ȥȿľ·ɽɣǸֿɫ鲻Ըÿ·

ϣʿһż£ýģ޽񵶲óһ߶Уڣרע侲Ǹû⵽ˡ

Ȼرɣ
ôЩӸ޷˵һĻƴңԭͲʲôϵ
û֣˻üͼװûгֹ
лôţһ

ôһСҲûлͷȴ۾վǶ
лͷƤһʱҶˡ

ôһվվһĲӼ̵ۣͣٶȲ㡣Ҿʿ̲ȣšټһʱ󷨲Ҿһʱɳܡ
ȥ

ҪȥĶӵ
ûлͷȻУٷµʿ׼볡лһʱûӦֱ·ɽһۣŷӦڸ˵æ壬ؼҿ

壿û˵֣عͷ
ߴεѹл岻̧ͷ˵粻ͷأͬʱԥҪ󽫾û֪ҽһѮһյĹء

ܴ𣿡
лӿһֲԤУûС

·ɽ𣿡
лСˣûС

𣿡
лԴ͵ؿڣѾˡ

ӷ꿽ʣǶû壬ΪлҽŮҪ壿
Ϊл岻òӲͷƤ𣬡ΪұȽûãҲ˼ȡ

ۡ·ɽûססһЦ
ؿ·ɽһۣ·ɽɱ죬תȥ

ȻǷû뵽ģ˶٣ʵҽ鿴𣿡
лһô֪ܴҽ£

ͷ͵òٵͣΪţǺ׵ذı۵ˣ΢΢̾˿һЩ壬ﵽǳǣصʱα˷ڱ֮ϣЩ飬ѧЩҽô

лһα⡰塱ֽеþһ£Ȳҷֱ˵쾭壬Ҳҽ˵ʵڿֻܵͷ󽫾˵ǡ

ӵӱٲץ̫ҽԺ

л̲ס̧ͷе㻳ԼĶ䣺̫ҽԺ
ⱲӸзϵĿ

ֻֻһֱ̧ԴȻ̫ҽԺȽܴĳصԼŬȻҲû취ȥ

л̲סŴ죬ΪʲôҪȥ̫ҽԺ

۾ԲһöӺˣ˵ʱ򣬸ԲèƵģСɵ촽΢ţĵɫ峿¶ҩꡣ
УЩûռȥһĿ⣬ϰ֬δʩлȴ÷ӵ΢΢˶
һӲȴһ˲䣬ůл֦ǰҡ

ܿסݵʧ񣬳Ϊ롣

л壺
ΪʲôҵԼ֪




7.     ǲë

úõôˣʵ˱ˡ
˱˵ǣݽ㿴л飬죺˭˵ҽŮҪôģǰЩˣԼҽȥˡҽŮöҩܻ췹ˡ

л壺
ͽ̫ҽԺ
ǰ˼⡪ϵһ÷Ӿֵ࣬Ļ

ܴʡµӣǴ󽫾ķԸݽǶ飬úÿɣӦöͦģû˴Ͻ


˵һŮ˶ֻѼӡڹǵò˵ѼӲãǱһŮ˶ֻɣԴסлĶ߾û徲

û𣿲ˣǻû

л屻̫ҽԺˣע⵽ʵ
ЩҽŮΪӵ̫ǾᶥŴ̫վ̳У
ο˵汻ȥ㽫̨ƽʱʦǸֹػ̽Ϣˡ

ӦϴɴɹҩİɣҪǰæôпģݽ˵ţ˸ӴܰæˣʮҽŮûС

л۾˭֧ʹЩСɻ
ݽһЦ󽫾¡󽫾˵ҽŮ֮ʱҲҾ֪ĽʿǲҪһ˵¡

л壺
⽱ˡ
أ뵽һ㣬λ󽫾ͷ˼·ǲǱȽ棿˵Ҫ̫ҽԺ֮ģʵڷ
¾Ͷһ£úпܡ

Ȼݽ˵ҽŮڲŻص񣬻ʬһһ̯Ҳûзʲô
ֻи͵Ƶ¶߶µؾжױһжһҧгݣ˯жɾ˯ҵ˯

леԵľ塣ȻģľĺǻҲһġ
ڻԼ˴ϡ
˯ˣǲٵŵƵģлҽ飬Ҫ͵ơ

͵թʬһ㣺л壬󽫾ȥ㽫̨ʲô
л˵Ļˡ
лʵ֮󣬸Ǳ˰֮УлΪ˯˵ʱ߽Ժ̫ҽԺΪʲôҪ̫ҽԺΪʲôȴ̫ҽԺΪʲôҸÿ

ԽԽͣհ
л̾˿
С֪ʵĴһģһ˱ŸԼɵ¡

ҽ飬һϹȥˣſҳ
ͷۡ

*

ζҽŮǺ˺֣۵˶ǱĥòӣҲûʰ磬ջͷģ۵ᱳۣȽųˮݡ
ҽŮǿʼ޿˵ˡ

ܴҪߣԵģ˻¾ãǴͻؼҡ
ܾҽŮڲܴİǰ˳ӡ

л壺
Ⱥ£
ز䵽˶β

ǰҽŮԻϲϲ쵽ģлʱ򣬲ܴȴһգˡ
лһ㶣Ϊʲô
ܴҹգǰʮӪʣٳգȥоҴ󽫾֪ô

лȥ˫˻
Ҫе󽫾ְ

鿴ˣܴʣԺҽŮȷһţһҽΪȡ󽫾ĪҪ˴󽫾
лֻ絶ĿڲֻۣȻŬ顣

ҽŮǼæߵģʱ˲٣Ȼм־縵֮һ
˫аֱ˺üѪݣɴܲƵģԭڴ߳˼лȻʵ˵ԭҽ
лͷ
᲻ϴ裿

л壺ǿ̫ˡ

*

Ǻȣ׳ϴϴȻ޷ġСԣʱϴãʵҪϴҲϴö׼ĸɲϴϸǲɡ
ϴʱһҪǵԶһЩȻϴ֮һ䣬ǰ׸ˣǵѰһɾЩĲݵء
⻹ñܷ磬Ͼ

лƽʱģһ˵УЩϲ԰ڵ˼ʵЩ븵е
û뵽ѧϴû뵽ûͦ棬浶ǹָɡ
ֻǣΪˮʪɴëˢĵط϶ĥˮݣȫ̵üͷ񷢺ݣҲݣˢһˮ˦øǡ
ŭҲ۸ң˵žҪȥƥ

лæסˮݸƵģˮáҪϴɡ
۾һˮҲ֪ڿЦΪҲһ𣿣

лҡҡͷ̫죬֪ôȰ˵οˣֻʵʵ˵ʵҲͦЦġ

һʱ䲻֪ĻǷлֱ£ȥĺܺ۸ʵϺ붼ȥ
ŭ¼ëˢٴκݺˢû䣬Ҳ䣡

л˵䲻ĲҪҪôˢȥƥҪͺˡ
òϴɣлҾͲˢˡ
ƥѾ˻˼ΣΪлסûܿл忴ܣѵõ

Цһͷѣǰװʲôĳƽʱװ𣿡

л忴һۣû˵װľͰһǣ˰
ŮӣԴŮɽһֱ£ΪҪһˮԴ
ӵл˸ͰѸ˦ֻиԶԶشվסվסлһҽҵȫңûУ

лͷҲأѡһ鱳Ĵʯ¸ƥùϴ

徲ˣֻˮͷˢƥԼǱˢˣŲл壬ͷл֡
лЦ
ӪһЦ

ͶǴһá
Ǹ˲һԶ㲻ǵϲ㻹ǲϲ㣬Զ֪˵ĻĻǼٵģͬһ仰ʱ˵ʱ˵ʲôͬ˼
ﲻһϲϲϲǲϲϲʱչ׽ϲʱὩֱ䱸ƭˡ
ǲ˵ַʽʾǵϲǻԴͷβ˦ʹʲôҲֻĴ۾ؿ㣬Ҫڻˡ

лһһϤӯ֣Щѹͷϵظͷնʱ뿪
ʼëֹ⣬˵ǲǺܲԾ
ոƥ֣ͨ嶼ɫģһ⡣
ǸҽȴҪҵҽŮҪȥʲô̫ҽԺôƯһĴȴ˼ȥɴֻ˵ʲô£ǲë

ⳤ˻һԼǱʾ޳ɡ
лͷͬһ߱ȿҽʹ࣬һԡ

л˲ˮʪĶͷͼݽվڰߣźҪѷδǻȳƵġ
ڻݽߣӳ˫ûд£ֻѰʿһ°һ۽µһ˫ţƤѥ紵òϽϣԵֱֳ
ûʲô飬ͷӳüһĮӡ

֪ʱġ
֪˶á

֪ʲô




8.     ϲ˵ϲ

л뿪ҽӪʱֻݽ˵һݽ˴ʱԼ˼۹ֻǴ˿ⷬȻǻݽ벻ģһΪ֮ɫӸ˸ˣݽٳˡ
ֻʣվڰߣޱؿл塣
ܴ󣬺ӺܿһʱޱȰ
лҪɴͶ˻ͦġ

ʱⳤ˻һֿʼлϲ䡣
лϻʪţһˡ

󡢴󽫾лΡΡܵһһ¾ͺá
ɿϵˮθɣòͷβһ飬дԼǵһαչ˵ôл塣
лȻĻŵҪһ̻̲סЦˣΧȹĿڴץ˰ǣȫˣлƨ˼£Űȥɹ̫

лľͰһŲ򰶱ߡ
ӱ֣һؿ߽

Ӫ˶֪ʷˣʣְӱεˡ
˵һְصУξڴһپڴ²´
л岻֪ԼҪɼ£Ͼְأһȡ˾

ʱȷʵЮŭġ
Ϊڿ˵̫ҽԺӦҪúѧϰȴϴúýѵһǲˡ

Ⱦϥǣ쵽⣬ʪ˺ü˿ϻˮһſˮ龧Ө͸ˮ
ӵкٻʲôҲռʵ̫ˣڷӳԺ󣬿ʲô˶òֻ۾һ죬ȫ֮֡
һ̣֮²ݵмһڲݵϳһƬɫˮԳԵĲ⡣
ӳյϣϣ뿴ӳʲôģ
Ӧûɣ

л˰ľͰЬӡ
ӽһƳŲߣԺȴ˼ǿҵӡ󡪡˫ŰСɣǴӺˮһҫʪĹ

лҲ֪ȴԼʲô˼㣬Ҳ߶ʮһȹΪ
հӱһסֱۣһŵ;㿨סˡ
л̲סɿ̧̧ۣƺûŭݡô˵ʵûʲô

ֻã̫ˡ
һ̫ˡ
º峺ɽ֮пС¹
ңȷȻһӳһʵغÿ˵ǣʤա

Ǵʱķ̫˰ɣҲпǴʱ̫Ȼпܵһиж֮ģĶԸΪԼ˺ģȻſ֡
ûзֱǹŵģʪ廬Ƶļղס

лŷԼǻֹ̿ˣֱۺСȾȻڹ컯֮±¶ǰ
ŵһƥæҵسѣһ͸ˡ 

СŮӣʵ룬˽»Ϊ󵨣мֹ˵ֶΡ
⵹󳣹ߵһ仰ŮͻṴ˵ģֲֻϲ

ͷðоŭȴѾȻ޴棬ѵ䣬ڵȴǣϲ
е֮⣬ԵԼЩ⡣ 

лҲ⣬ΪҪץȥ۴û뵽һͷĵͺżȻɢˣܺõͬѼ䡣
ϲϲ


ôͷûпĻش΢΢ƫƫͷһ˿ǳǳЦ⡣
ԼҲ֪˿ӺζԿ϶ǣϲ˵ϲ
ԡôˣһֱԼһңĥһѵѾɺʲôо
Ѿһվɹ̫ʲôʱ
ĪеĪߣױ֮֮ãҲϲ

л仰˻͵Ϣ΢΢˿
Ȼֹס˻ͷ˺ͯʱûиκ̸Լϲá
ֲԾ

Ц⣬ɫҽˣ
˵лͷƤͷ飺ڡڶˡ

ӵͷҲǻûꡣ

лᡣ
ôߵһ飬Ͷ

ӽ𡱷˵Ȼסˣﴫһ
лҲˣҽĶ䣬һƥ䲻Ǿʱ㣬ʮֿ
ӦþڸֻǱʯסߣлͷȴӵֿס˼ϵ˴ʯԣڴʳָ

л岻ԣɫأ̹ԹԱ죬һҲҶ

ˣȻģ˵Ҳ
ҲҪʲôˡǸӵΪˬʺ
ҪֻܡǸŮӵҪ࣬лһˣǸ

ˣɡӵ
ءң߰ɡ
ǲУһˣҵš
˵˲ؾǲأѾѧˣ¡̧һӦҵڿȥ˴Ҫڸϴ

ӳɣǡ
ûпǣ
˺֪ˣԼСġ̾˿˳ҪֺǺø

лȻ׸ΪʲôҪѧˡ

Ϊʲôӵɫе֣ȥͦͦʧʵмְˡ
лŬһ£µ˶һϲϲ˼ңôһԭ׷ԼתŮ˸Եһܹ鲻ζ
ӿܾԼñӰɡ
Ȼ뵽Լĳܣʹļ˰ɣ

Ϸ档
ӵüͷ
ǰֵ֪ϷһŮƴӡ
ȻһͷͿлϵı顣
ȻѸٵͷΣǿԵͬʶ
ӣ

Ǳߴ˻Ǹľ
лҽŮ
Ϸһܻ

һл㶣ȻͼӴһڣǱߵһӦĳ˻㣬лҰС
һƥȫƤëӰ⣬ëڷƮɣ۾ǰͷҪǵʱȻл壬̴˸ǣǰž̧
׷⣬ú֡ӵͺȡ

ͣ˶Ȼʾлһۡ
л屣ŷŵƿڴʯϣȫرƥɫˡ
ôôÿ
ëƤŵÝ⡢޳ȡβƶǡúôȫÿһëһƥһľ

󡢴󽫾𣿡лͷеҡ𣿡
׷öʮغһ˸硣

Ǳߵע⵽ʯˣ˵ɫˢˢˡ
Ϸ浱¡
ȴŷߵл壬ֻϧлȫȻ׷ò֮Уȫûע⵽




9.     Ψһŵֻˡ

ڣϷ棬ʲôڰҴ
Ϸ˵оϲںӱߵ

ۣš
Ϸʵһᷢ֡

ӳĬˣе㷢䣬񱳺еͱĸо
εˣһҲ뻳ɡ뻳ɵˣϷ档
ΪϷǸֱӣûǰˣСĻ
ȻΪһŮƭҡӵܵͳ

лҽŮĽҲͦϲлҽŮĲ𣿲Ȼ˸Щ£类ϳӪˡϷΪ˼һʲôϣҿҲƭҾǸǣߡ

޿̣һŰ߷ڵأ˶ϴˣǣʲôߣ

Ϸؿ˭ϴˣ

Ҳл塣ǱߵĲǡ
㵽лæгջϷͷк

ϷһĪܰȽƯ
Ȼ֮ǰ·ɽɴǳܣٻһԼʱȥҽӪ˺塱㽫лˣ룬ҲһĸͲǡ塱ǡ

һۣȦȻˣɽҶԲס㡣ϴˣԭһ˵ǣǴ󽫾һãԲų²ߡ
Ȼۣߵǰ:Ǵ󽫾òҽŮҲġòªҲᣬΪһ棬ôѣ
ȻỮۼգ鰧ԹһŷĻ̲סȥǻ

лû뵽縵滨һ棬һ̾Ϊֹһǣ׷µսԶһ㡣

ѡҽŮӵûһ˿ҽŮô

ҧҧԴ󽫾Ҫĥǣߣ

ֻҪҽŮҽŮſ¡ҲֻҽŮӵԾڴˣԼðɡ

˵תֻԼ׷Ѿлǣȥ˺ԶԴͣлϲ䣬β˦ʮõ
ӣ
Į߰أ

վסӸȡ

ǰһһԹվס
лͷֻɱϷҿ˿ץץԴȥ׷ˡ
ˣлذȥΪҪʱ䣬ԭ׼׷ȥϴ衱
׷ⲻͣͷȥл壬ȻҲ᲻
л屧׷ĲӣСȸ󽫾ȥɣԺȥǿ㣬òã

ӣ
һһһճ

ϴɡӰӻȥϲϴ衣

лϲüңǣ

ɲǼ䣬ӵ۾һ¡
ʲôģССģԼһССӰӣκע⡣ССģЦҲССġһЦ

˵ͷڲݵ£лź䣬׷ⲻʱˮ˦ϣÿһˮ鶼յʾӨ

ϷǸ
ĸȽƯ濴

˵ˡ
Ϸ漲һ˹̫ܵϥֱϢһʱ˵

ӵһۣȥˣ
Ҫ͡Ϸ״Ҿмӡ

ӡ֣۶·ɽɻϷ˵˽µĳƺ
ôһڣǲֻ֮֮ꡣ

Ƕ乬ʱ⣬ǰǺ˵ӣʡ
ĲϲһҲϲ

ӣš

Ϸ۾ҿϲ𣿡

ӣԡ

Ϸ̿ȥΪĽ

ΪոհӵǱԴ۰СŮǸıһˣ֪⡣

һº󣬰Դʮٵʱ
ʱں԰λһһżԴﻰЦҪϳһԡ
ʱ԰˸ֻؾˡδƽۻȢ
Դ֮Ӱ̰۾á˽̾ʱ£װԴΪʲôڰŮ׸

һǰʼ鰲һյĺ´ϷҲڳ
ӷ˴Ůծһˮ̫ʺ㡣ӿϷһдĸΪ⾩йŮģѰʵģΪѻ°ˡ

ϷĬãڵϲϲģҪ֪ȱ鷳ˡ
˵ǿЦһ£˵ǵ˵õ𣿱δƽۻȢ

ڷӵӡУϷԶǸˬʴЦĴк·ɽɰܣͣ
˺ʶӻһֱԺģ⡣
ʱϸϷ棬ŷֵǸкѾ󳤿˫е̰ǣҲдǰûе֮ɫ

˶ǻġ
һֱڱ䡣

ֻΪһֱ̫ϰΪδѡ

*

лǣ׷ϰʱ򣬾ͼ˫Ժڲݵϣ˯ˡ
ղݳסӰǸȨһĴ󽫾˭ҳ̤ɡ

л岻Ҵţ׷Լȥɹ̫ëˮ
׷ȴϣһֱȥ

ڣûˣһ鶼ûˡ㿴
л¶ֽͳˡ
׷ֽҲŹ׷
лڷзëʮָ̾ôÿôôأ

ʲôˣ
ӺȻʡ

ǣһǡл

ӺȻ
лæͣ󽫾ģԵò࣬żԵǶкôҽᱸϡ

ǡૣȻЦһ£ᱻƭߣ˻ᱻ鰮ƭߣԭûʲôԶġ

лһο¶ЦݣֻЦݷ·һ˿ȥʱɢƵģĴ
Ȼͷ˼йۡ󽫾˭һնɱ嫵˰Ǳı񣬸ôаǮϵ

壬Ψһŵֻˡ
ӵ̾Ϣ

л壺
εºܣôͻ٣




10.  ʮ   һ

һڣӾ֪Լʧˡ
ȷʵӪΨһĵˣҲǰȫû˽䱸뵽ʲô˵˿ڡ
ʲôҲ֪һŶĳģֻһ˵ȴ䶼ȥ
ʵס

δδģڴս֮ǰ̫ҽԺֻϣһ̫̫ƽƽȵϡ

߰ɡ
ָֻƽǸϲŭɫĴ󽫾һ˿ɢģȻ޴档

鷳
ле롣
ȥǣ׷ĵãԵ޹ʵغϲŭĥ͸

һ·û˵·ֻǸǣС
л御ְذ׷ϵڴ⣬׼ˣӿڵȥѶмСʡ


лȥԼ£û뵽¡
𾪵ֻʣΪΪʲô

ܴ˵һ컹ҳҲûпȥ̣ȥʮҲ̫ҽԺѾڰ£ڵطȥ

л屻جĺˣ㶵תŴ̫ҽӪߣ߳һѹ
Ŭصʣ󡢴󽫾ҡҽŮסҽӪҪʲôһԹ

ѾڴͷҲûֱ̧ӴɣȻûأ֪ʲôǰ壬ݣĪҪ˷˵Уʡȥܶ鷳ӽԺֻרѧҽһ̫֮ҽԺ

ɿû̫ҽԺ
˻ͷѾþлеʵû͸󽫾ִ
ھѾˣҪҵĭܰ
ֲᣬ˵ֲ˵лǧأŲ

ӺȻõģŮбΪǣ㲻ع
л巴ԵصҲġ
治ģ붼ûһ㡣
Ͼˣ׳ҩҲûôֻסýЩѵʲô²ɣ

̫죬̧ͷһۡ
ȷʵġ
ϾĲ

лվһھؽʵŽŲ뿪ˡ

ȥʱϵĵ̫ۣ÷е㻳Լǲǰѻ˵̫ˣ˹ҵġ
һ룬˵Щã˼룬ѧҵ

*

Ҫȥʹ󽫾ͬסݽ־ϲ㵱вô㣬ð壬ǰ;

л֪Ҳ˵ˣҪһ£СʣСʣͬסĲǣ

֪֪δŮδޣֱסһȻǲáݽЦУһǹʲôı飬󽫾ҽŮ̷ȥһ˳

л

ݽЦŴȤءһ֪ˣ
֪ʲô
󽫾ҽŮȻҪˡҽŮѡˣֻûнаġҽŮͷѡ㣬ΪҽŮģ

л壺ôܣ
֪ݽ˼·һúܣʵڿͷˣ쿪ˡ

ǰ治ϵô󽫾

Ĳ档

ʲô֮ģϵô󽫾д󽫾չ㣿
л壺㣬ߵ棬˭еϴ󽫾𣿡

ݽҲǣѣл廹õ
һĴȣ֪ˡ

лԻݽǻΪսϴ
ǶȻһӪͿ㣬ԲűŷŪߡݽƶصһ顣

л壺
֮£ûи߹ѸЩ

ѽȻΪʲôö˶Ҫѧҽ˵̫ҽԺݽǶǼٵģǸһߵݡţνˮ¥̨ȵ£ֻҪ˺ӣҪϱˡ

лر죬ְصرס󽫾еܡ
˱㲻÷ݽ㣬ݽԽԽ棬ʼ㴫һЩԼƫ
лҪмܲסʱƿ߽лϣصлҽŮֶš

ӺϷ˵Ļл˸ţ֪ƷɽڸҪϡ֡ڰǵ̸һ˰֪ǿ·Ҫ޵ʹﵱġ
лҲ׷Ǿ䡰ʡȥܶ鷳ָʲôȷʵΨһĺôˣλбҽŮܲȥǱ鷳

ûʲôԵľ飬ֱ֮Ҳòؽһ£ʵûУҽŮ߹ˡ
ȻСҽ飬ˡ

㣡
ܻһŻݽ㡰Ӵһôˣ

лͷͼڻݽ㻳ݽһŸһлʹɫߡ
лӿŲϽ뿪Ƿ֮ء

*

ʺͷС䣬ԭǸ̷˧˺õģ˧ͽʹ
ӴʱӪǴͨʿ𣬵ȻʿһģһûԱ̺СһֱûסֻЩ

лȥʱ·ɽżʿǼĶ
лˣ·ɽɺȵӿЩûƼ𣡡

лҲ֪ԼܾԼԸ

ʿǼӿ˶СĻ٣ְñȽϼֻײһһӷ鱾һء

·ɽɶʱСǵԴⶼǴ󽫾ı

лԼæȥʰ鶼ðˣհ׵ĵطдעҳд£ֽš
лֻ֪Ӿ׿ÿæھû뵽ʱô飬ô棬ʱмֺաѹĽȴв
챣Ҫָѧ̶ֳȣǴҲдôġ

С֮¶˱ĿǸ󽫾׼ģȸСȫдΣϻźձ̺ҽӪҪǿöࡣ
һס̫ˣҪǲÿҽ飬Ǿ͸ţҽأ

лһ£ԼǷŰʰʱбʿԱߵҽһʰ˸
леͷۡ
Կ·ɽ
߲ˣЩҪ˹ܣ˱·ɽɡ

ʱ·ɽͬڽڴ£ҲܽȥҪԿףֻڴ⣬ڵȵɢᣬ·ɽɴӴ

·ɽɹȻǲͷʲô¶ӣѵǹܼô
һδˣӵں𣺡ô
·ɽЦǣ˵õǡԹͳԿ׼лȥš

ֵԿ׸
ǡ·ɽҪذԿ׵ݹȥȻʶ˼̲סθǶ

ûǵʣлǼĶԺˣķīͷֻðɡ

·ɽɵıʮ־ʣȥС̯Ͳûҧгˡ
лԼѾܲ·ɽɴˣĲ£ǻ˵ãҪô˵ܾܾӿڵΥ

л壺
ô֪Ҫ˵ʲô

ȵûҽ鰲ɫҲˣлһڴϣû߶˵ʮְȡ
ֻҪ˯ʱ򣬺Ȼ뵽˻ݽĻ

һ
ȣǻǲܵģӶĹȷʵǳ˳
ѲĲ˵֢֮

л´ŷϣӶסš
Ͼ֮Ĳޡ

֪ǣԱߵĴУһ£ֻûӶš
ϾǶһ˵ʲôˡ

÷δȻ




11.  ʮһ   ҹϮ

֮лȻ²÷ģͷʳ͵ΨһҪľͷ
˼֮󣬲ܴĽȡ

л֪Ƿǰģѧʱŵúܡ
ܴӦǸʦֻ֮ź̾˿

ûôùˡ
л屻е˴ʡ

ǵĻӦøɢãʿеɳͼ
յⷺףлһŲؽȥΪȴһٰĽѵ壬Ҫʲô𣿡

леֲ
ҽǷۡһһ֡нս£вǿѡġôҲԺ顣

лʵԺ£Ϊµ¾Ѿæˣ˼һµؼҴС𡣡 

С𣿡𰸰ѷԭķеᣬıóԶƻһлϽ
л壺ʦܣܴ꣬ġˣֻܰھӼʵе㲻ģȻСУƢҲί

˵ȵȣҺҪļҳַ̣лĵһΣƽʱһһ䣬λûôʣͲȫ˵ˡ
ʦܶ˵ǺҪ

һֻ֪֣һҲֻ롣ػһҪƾϴһΣҪдͱ֮ʷҪµ̫Ҫĵ̫࣬ԭûλСҽŮϻ̫ľֻŻȵĶ顣
ʱ˿߶ȴһ󰲾Ȼ˵Щ

ʱлȻסˡ
ΪԼȻ߶߶󽫾˼ҳ
һ亹Ͻع⣺ҡûʲôԶ־򣬾븧С𳤴ˣƽƽľͺá
Լʾùˡʲô̫ҽԺ֮ģ붼û

ӷ·ûнյ˼Ŀ⻹һ˿ϧΪͣ˿ϧԳ֮Ϊϧˡ
лĿ⿴е㵨սľ

ʦܣ㻹б𣿡ʣ޸ĸֵܣʦʦأ

л壺
Ѳɣ󽫾Ǹҳģ
ҳлǱ֮ģʵڱסû취ǹһЩšȷʵû֮Դǡ
û뵽ô󽫾Ҳд˰ãܲܣֻԱţ
ûеʦңġʦһֱãʦ֮һûñˡʦ
˵ͣסˡ

һֱǿ񣬵֮ȴһ󽫾
ʱʿ䣬۹ʱͷͷʹȫִһ磬ӣξеϿ֮⣬Ǹ˧

ڷӵ˵ߴ٣ĵӡ

лÿֲ½ǣӵ۾ʦлΡ

Ҳҽ飿
ǰ֮սϡ
лƽѾ΢΢
Ϣ㹻ˣһսУӾ˻ʵۣն˿嫣Ϊ󽫾ճ£ͳ𱱵ҡ

΢΢ףʦΪʵɾеĸɻλǽʲôѴܿڡ

лͷ
֪
ʵҲǸ߸ϵĻӣô֪һҽοҽʱһ
леɬֻ𣺡ͦõġ

ʵӶҳҲ൱裬һΣлԴҲȥԼòɹ

Ŀһʱе͡
лҲоˡ
˶ʲô⣬ͬʱڣ
㡱
Ǹ

ײһлϽס÷˵ӵûס΢΢Цһ£͵ɤӣص֮ǰĻ⣺ʦܵĽ

лʵʵҡҡͷȴ̲ס룺Ǹô⻹ȥˣ

ʦ֮ʦΨһһѪҲ˵ʦΪѵһõĽӵȥ֣ȡͷأҫ棬ʦȪ֪ҲܺЦˡ

л㶵ʦ˵ҫʲôĲҪ̫̫ƽƽϾ͹ˡ

˵ʦѹֽ̳˵ɵͽܡ
ַʽѭѭգŮӣзʦӣȴҪȥȢӣҺڣѵͲϣúһЩϣĺӽٳЩࣿ

л룬󽫾Ҫˡ
һ㶡

ֻҪ̫ƽ̣ϰվܹϺӣһһǶµģֻҪܻСлһʮֲĲɣһ̣˵˵ûûģ̫ˡ

ǰлʮ꣬ʦ꣬һʮŮӴһޣ޿޾죬治֪ôġ
̾Ϣһ˵
˵ŷԡ
Ǵ˵ŬϽ
ô˵ˣ

ͷ۵һüģڲػأл壬ȥǲеģӽ
˵ŵݸһֽ

л˵Ƿžһ˿֣̿ѵôֱܵʱ򣬻ǶŴ󽫾
ЩǺϰѿڶȫûйӡ
ҲΪ̫ͰɣůᶨǰǳŪĿĮ

æϹϾӹֽ
ֻһϢ

îʱҽ
ʱĬҩ
ʱʱܴ
δʱȥҩ
ʱʱҽڿ
ʱȥ˲Ӫ
ʱĬҩ
ʱҽ

л壺
һļƻ
ǸóԷ˯ľͷ˾͸

*

л뿪ʵʱ˿ꡣ
ͷ࿴ۣЦ˼ʲôˣ

󲿷˲֪ǣȻӱ·϶ͷӵĹϵȴ·϶Ҫöࡣ
ֵӣǸڷߵˣڼܳͯʱּҶȹģ˾
ǴǸʱ˱ûֵ֣֮ܡ
ӻعڱվ˽ŸŰٵУб˽ȴȻСʱһ

̾˿ǽ̫ˡ

΢ЦҪչһŮ˵ķӶǣΪƫƫҪѡֺõ֣

ĵΪ롣
˻һϵָֻҪеһâ۳ɹ񣬽Բ
ϣһȣϣһ޻ڡ
ûٶ˵£ôˣ

ڱӪʮأҪǿɲסҺָһ·֣üĿ
˵ţͳһ˱

Ƕ֮ӣӵܣҲǾþɳԱ޽
ݣĿҲȥҲһĿȻ
ѡ͡ݡһͻᷢһ˼

˺ܵùÿζ̡
ֺˣÿȻˣֻʧأܱȫ١
ÿʧܺҲԭҪôͻ䣬Ҫô鱨ҪôϹϹָӣ򵼴·
ȻżҲСʤʤҲʤýΪ࣬ᱻ

ԽֻҪ߳ȥ̣ܣûݣӮҲûݡ
Ϊǳ£˭Сģһ౸Щݡ
Ȼû١
ڰǴ򹷵ӣԶȥ޻ء

ǰ˲Ѿɿܼ֮ʯ

ӿһļأȻһΪϤ֣лΣ

ǾҽΪǰĮһڿһսи䵱򵼣ȴݶɳ֮С󾭲ϲдƱǱͨѹΪ֮

΢΢üΪûսͷϿ֣
ڱץ֮ʱηԾˡ

ӵָϵ˵㣬ȻлʱĿ⡣
Сúܣѵøֱ
һ̣ȻЩİȴ쳣ǿһʲô

ͨѹĸ
ǱһʤǶԱҵĳӵﵽ壬ͽĳ޸ڶԱҡ
һʮСʧȥ˳ıӻԶ˵ĳӣҪһĺʱ뽫㾡ȫҲֻ¶ѡ

ǻشͦõġ

ֱҹ䣬ƻϨ˯֮ǰӶ߻Էл֡
֮ȥ

أϴϸ΢ĶüСζ˨
üͷһ壬͵
Ƿʲôʲôڻǰ಻סˡ


ຮУϲԼǽе˰ɣ
Żɶ˻𣬲ҲҪǰ

ӵͷ侲Զ֪ԼҪʲôȻĿǰ⡣
һ̣˻ȥԺȻãȻģԼҲ֪ŭڴ

һ΢죬©һ˿⣬ָϣڰС
˽ˡ




12.  ʮ   Ժ˵ܴ

ᵽдһ˿֬۵
ڰϸ죬˿ŻĽŲϸ༤֮Ƿϵġ

۾Եĺ⡣


һĨϢͣӰĲǰֻҪǰһͻѲ͵ذ׵пϡ
Ӱһ󽫾Ҫ

ӵĹˮһɢڰ۾⣬һֻ̣滨ꡣ
ԭͳڵòΣھȷϹѾκ˶ܺӵĳ̶ȡ
ټϳ飬˿Ծܾ

ǰüûһ˿ɶȻŮɽԶѩĸ߷壬ذҲȻ׼ʺͳһ˿
ȥ

󽫾һӹˮ

Сڣ͵±ҽ˯л͵һԣѸٷֻĹˡ
һˡ
ˣΪץˡ

ҹﾲˣŮӰݵϴлһ뷨ǡĪֹڶСʾڴʱϣʵɿһãȫ

лһ񣬾Ǹ
Ѿ֪ҵݣȻΪǼе˼ҸΪ˰ͽʲô鶼óʵˣ͵͵ġ
һ˿ȥϧǰڶʱҾͿ˴󽫾ʱҾ;ҼйӸǲһȻնɱ˿嫵Ϣһֱл׿أû뵽һֱ꣬ûеȵĻᡣ
˵󽫾ѡҽŮ֪Υѵֻǰ󽫾׺Ϊˮȴɽơȼӣбݲˡ֪˾ð䲻ϴ󽫾ֻһϦ֮һӡ

л΢΢̾˿
еж
ûܰϲһ˵ô
һ󽫾ҲѰѳֵס

ȻʶԼסСʺǸ󣬾ָЧһҪһЩˮɵ鷢ǿɾ̫ˡ

ţһ̺ӣһܡ
ȻųţһŭȣϷ棬ҹ
֮лһ

ԶĵӰվһ߸ֱ徭лߣȻһлĿбӣޱ߽С

л壺
ȻŪʲôое㸴ӵӣ˵ز˾
ӸϿߣžһ죬޳ϵ
첽˦

ǳҫżԶԶһ˻һƬ
ԭϴҹʮֺ䣬л岻ԶҲųߵķΧͱѲߵıʿҪͨ

лӪһֱʵʵҹ֮û뿪񣬻ǵһμʶ͵ɭϡ
ʱ˷ΪʲôôֻһҽŮҪҽӪ󽫾ȻȻҽӪˡ
˾Ϸ档

ɫǰ˿ûǻ裬ɴͰ˾˳лͦġ
ȻûоԣȷȻеңҲ˲ΪŮɫԡ

лĺ˼뵽ΪֹŽͿ˷ӡ
վǰ͵ƵĹâӰͶϣӰʮŨؾ޴󣬷·ʱצ

֪ΪʲôлȻ뵽˷ӵǾ仰
壬Ψһŵֻˡ

ʱȫ֪Ϊʲô˵Ϊô󽫾ߵĸô࣬ʱֵõһССҽŮ
˿̲еףߵܸ࣬иǣ߽оĲͶͱϷıѡ
˵ΪûʲôõģҲûʲôñѵģ

󽫾ôˣʲôԸ𣿡
лԷƽ͵һΣǰÿһζһԼᱻһצĸоһԼǰҹеͷˣ£ʵҲе

Ȼͼӻ֮սһϵҽ顣
лٸв

Կף񡣡ӵü۱ͷٴһ˿ɱͱʮ־޴󣬡ʱδ㲻б飬ȥĶˣ

л岻ɿʼڡ
һԼ
ҿ̫ˣеȥ͸͸

𰸴ԼǿˣΪûʣָֻҽ㵽ôģΪҪϻôȦ
Ե𱸣ٲȻץסѧϺͿѻߵķӣΨһͬǣӶôصɱһͿһѧ

лػ鲻Юŭײͷϣͷŵеʶֲ࣬ȦĶǲʶģȥʲܴ򡣡

סˡ
һѾԶһ棬ҽŮȴڵҽʹôҲû뵽һ֮ǰڣȻҽϵֶϲȫ
һʱ䣬Ǹ˶ģ

һֻȣץԿףԴ͵͵ģ۾Ҳ̧һֻСӡ
ĵһ˿ûڡʵ̫СˣԺ˵ܴ

һʱˣؾ㾲л岻̧ͷı飬ԽսսǿԾȣ󡢴󽫾Ҫʲôȥá

ˡ
ԭֻΪһһʱ˯ţɴұ鿴˼ȴȥʿգּϻ߰㣬ʵá
Ϥ˶֪߰޶Щ޷ͼ͵ˣһ׼ꡣ

ˣȥź򣬵һĶ飬ʮֿƣ棬Ȼûõļһﻹų

ﰵ̾˿һ°£ʵЩʶģһȦ

л̲ס̧ͷ
ûɣ
ѵҪ֣




13.  ʮ   һ

𣿡
ˡ

лͷ̫ʵ˻е㱡
󽫾Ȼڽ̵֣ûʮ棬ûа㲻ͷ

⼸ҳĽˣǰ
˽ӵķӻҪϽ
ҺˣȻһҪѵ

һ˴ʱ򣬾ͦͦտһСƵģҲʲôѹţлȡ
ܵһͻһˤʱͷһ

ƵƹճӲͦıëͶһƬŨصӰȻͷβѧüͷȴʼ΢΢ţ缹Ҳһֱ鲻ѡ
лʵĵ

УϣҪ˼ȴڿҪʱ΢΢һ٣֪Ͽʲô
塱ʵҩ
壬桢ˮ̦ʯʯ£ζ£޶

лæ𣺡ǣʦȡġ
ӵͷ
£޶ǡ֡

ˣʱԹңҲȥ󡣡ߵŵʱ򣬷ͣ
⻹˼Ļ֣ҪԿȥ̡

лԭֻһˣʱȴ㶡
ʦְܵºͣʦ뿪֮Ѿܾûиܵˡ
˵ûǣӡ
ϰˣһů⣬ͻøˡվе㷢̣֪ԼӦùصл˵ڵĲ֪ôȴǣ󽫾ҪȾ𣿡

ȻҲ˿⣬عͷ
¹⣬ůĻƣվĽӴԡůĹâ£üͷŵɻ

ԵĻл뵱ҧԾ
˵ĲܰҹһҹͻӰɽ

ҾǿǱм̳þƣ󽫾˯ǰһ룬˵˯øЩ
ǿȥɣǷҽŮݰɣ
ϾȰ󽫾ƽʲôģʵְ֮ڡ

ҹģʦ
ʦ뿪꣬ʦҲһͰʱ򻹻ᶺС֣ȥûƵġ
ʱҹͻῴʦһڵ£غȾơ
֪ˣҹǵƺ꣬ڶһ糣ʦ

ˣ¡
˵꣬ȴûж˶٣л㡣

ȻĿİĹԡ
ʱ˵˫ԲӺѾڵƹ°˵Ļ˵ˡ

㻹е㵣㡣
ҪʲôҪȾ

һů۾ɱȾƹõöࡣ
л໤
лһֱߡ
лӣȴһֱ߶ҵĹػ

뿪֮ǰϰѧ⼸ҳ˯ɡ

·ɽǻһͷȥĵز
Ϊ·ɽⱲӶûô͵˵

л壺
ӵ͵ͳ֮ԴһᣬֱֱӰ˶ߣֱӴӶ̽ȥ
ĺܺ
ֻϧ˵Ļ롣

ʱ˰磬ٱȥ춼Ҫˣ˯ʲô˯
һ˵˻Ҫͷ

*

лڶ춥ž޴ĺȦȥҽӪʱ򣬲˵˰֪ⱻȥ˻ɽӪ
ɽӪǰ˴ӪƫԶλã֪ȻȥԼǻضﵱĴСȥ˰ɣ

ӪʣǼҽŮȻ֪֪ʵݵģлȥһݽʱҽŮһʰһ۷׷ס

ֲ˺ãﻹʲô˼
ǰȵùһˣ
󽫾˵֪ⶼܵˣȻ˳
ĲˣȻǸлҿ׳ҩˡ󽫾ȴߣȻָҽԼ
˵󽫾һʼҲǾܾʵǲвŸ˵ġ

лһ֪ǵʮַḻû뵽Ȼḻ硣
ŮǷ·ҹֳ˱ڽŵĹªţȫȻ֪ôϸڡ

𾪵лˡ
ΪǾȻһ

ԭˡ˵ΪʲôҪôԭΪԼĲ
ˣҲҩóҽⷽ

ôô󽫾ѹ
ȵ̫ܽҽԺһ죬˵ϰʮˣκʲô壿

ʲô
ݽһġ

лع񣬡ܴ˵ԽԽȣʿǵУԽԽϣҸѧǧ𵤡
ݽ㲻ɱԹɲ󽫾Ҳ֪ôˣֱɷڱôģһͷһμ

һ߶һȥȡ˶ͷҽŮҲʰòˣȥܴﱨӪл壬鶼м΢

ҽӪҪඣϣѡһЩɻ˽ݽ˵ţЦʵˡ󽫾һѡ㣬ǻ𣿡

л˵ǵģǿˣ󽫾ѡΪβ
ϼ縺Ŵ󽫾δ󽫾˵Ҹ̩ɽ

ݺݺ඼ˣ㻹̾ʲôݽ˵ű֣ô£λСôߵģ󽫾ǺöҹϮȻѳֵס
л岻ֻ⣬ĺܿҪɡ󽫾Ȼмֻ˵Լ˯磬ʲô֪
ݽɸ֣˯ʲô˯סڴ󽫾ϣ˯ʲô˼ҴԶȥҹϮˣɱϵôֻ˯ϰʧʱ

Ҳ֪ǳڶԷάǳڶԻݽ͵ľл沨ص˵ͷУϮģϮġ




14.  ʮ   ׼ҹϮ㣡

ǧ裬ָŲܴ˿Σ㵽ŷʱ
ԷʱлеϢʱ䣬Ъܴݸһ̳ƣ͸󽫾

󽫾񲻰Ⱦơл
ҩƣǺȵġܴ󽫾оˣÿҪծģһ̳õòˣ˳·ȥɡ

л뵽˺̶ǴΣӰ¶ǵ˰̣̳Ʊ֣Щ
͵ʱڳԷ

л˵ӳԴöȽԺͱʿһԭΪһֿĳݣû뵽ķĺʿһģһ
ʳѣѰʿûаֲֻӢͦüĿһȥȻη볣˲

ǰл۹⿴ӳԷϰߵ治ã۾û뿪ɳ̣üͷһֱ˼ͷȫĲɡ
ԼǸںʲôԲŻʿһɡ
˵Ϊˣʿûڻʳϱ۹Ϊһۣ󽫾ͻ֪

·ɽվԱ˵ݣСʵǷˣ֪ˣ˵ǿڰһƬĵķϲŰæģϾ飬ֲԿǣԵ£׼Ӧġӣһذ˵ԸȥɽӪҲԸؾǡ

ʿͨ·ɽɣл徭ǰʱ򿴵ʮֲ

֪ȻˣϷȻҪܷлû뵽ӵĴǰϳʵһ
ҺõͷӦÿϾɲ¡
񣬰ѲܴĻҩƾ׼¡

ȴɳ̧ߣѧˣ

֮ǰһлҪͷۡ
ѾΪζѧҽģĽһһʮȡ

ӵͷΪҽűһ룿ʲôģ
лҽӪЩҩ裬һʱ䡣
һüͷлһҩѧϰһֿ֣ЩѧϰĲ״棬ɣֻǵͻȥű
ˣﱳӵߡ

л嵱ס
оʣ飿

·ɽɱл廹Ҫ𾪡
ӣҰ˵ô䣬һֶûлعңھȻһ˵˵ô࣬
·ɽɲòһ˿ίӣһлҪ˵ء

Ҳûֻһ֣˵

·ɽɿлһۡһۿʮֿ⣬ͣʱʮֳһϹҲܸоõĵزⲻ󷽱㡣

л嵱ȻǸϹӣͷ飬ʵһҲûпȥȫԽ˼֮ߡ
鱾ͲУԼһ˷ǿȥҪ˱Ǽֱɱܡ

ɣԺǵãûʲô鵱лҽŮ˵ġ
ӵƽ·˵һϡƽ¡

лסˡ
ֻһѣҪôѪ
󽫾ɲģҸҲ

·ɽɱл㶣ֻ۾ӣٿл壬ģԼ۾ԼĶ䡣
Ҿ˵ˣȥˣָл壬ҽŮĲͼı죬׼ҹϮ㣡

ôһըлͷл죬ͽ͵뷢ҡ

Ʊ磡·ɽ磬ϮģϮġ׿˵İɣߣҿ׶ģ

һɻջƵлͷ˿һֱյ˽ֺ⣬ֻԼһֻ˲зһ
ǡ˵˵Ĳġлӣֻ뵱ڸԼˣԼﱳȥ

㿴ˣ·ɽæ컯յİߣھɼ䵨졪

·ɽɣӺȻʣԼ񣬻ҪϷһؾǣ

·ɽɰ˼⡣
·ɽɸڷ߶꣬ԷӵϤ½һһۣ϶ڣ㲻մ
лֳǸϲװĻŮˣǷģǰһҲ࿴
Ϊʲôϳȴ
Ϊʲô

ڣл·ɽһ
ֻʣͷӣѾּûˣȴʲôҲûƵģƽֻصɳϣֻԸҽ顣

ҽ鶼лˣʱ򻹱ʲô飿
󽫾ҡҡÿһֶǺһ̿Ƶģһһͣл˵ޱȼѣ̼֮״Σֻ˵˵ûҲҲǣҷûС

֪ˡӵ򶨼ˣҲǣ˵ˣֻҪúϰҽʲôҲ롣

ܲͲ
ƫƫǲݽ͵Ҳ˿ڣҽһбѵļҳûоôѱ

۾Ȼɳ̣˼Ƿ˵ġ
ֻĸ֡Ȼˡ
򶨵Ȼ򶨣Ϊԭϵġ
л屳飬һΪԵţһΪ˸·ɽɡӶ徲ֻлĿİĶ
лССģģһ䱻紵ɢѹӢɢȥ
ʱֵġ

ֻûÿʼһ˿
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ӺŮ˴򽻵ľ鲻࣬ǺͿ޵Ůˣһ٣ʲô
лŬԼûС

ӣ
˻˵ûС

οŮӣԷ˵ȫͷֻʵǣޣû㡣

лøˡⲻղ⣬ԩ˵⡣
ƫƫԩԼɵģԲŸԩ

û˵ҵĸӺȻ

лһ飬һͷ
󽫾ͳĳȻҲΪǽֵĸ˵ֻһŮżȻңһϦӣӴλ

ҸкܶܶɣҲкܶܶຢӣൽԼ塣ĸֻǸССŮֻǸ۵ĶӣûĸҵСʱҺĸͦࡣ
ӵ滺ڶһøģһֻȢһӣ檣ңҵĺֻͬһĸס

л廹΢΢ʣȴΪ̧ͷ
Ҳº͵ģƽʱɱ֮ˣȻӭߵĻ᲻࣬ÿһ۾￴һ˿ů
Ŀ·ĵãл彥

ǻӣԾ⣬ҵĻһɱ´ͻ飬ӻ񲿶෽ѡŻòҪ飬㶮𣿡

лͷҡҡͷ
˵ЩΪʲôҪ˵Щ

΢۾ﻹһˮ⣬Ǽ޵Щ죬һ˲һ˿ǰδеһֻСӣ˺뱧һ࣬ͬʱҲǲӦõġ

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Щ֪Щ̣ǵ˵ףӿ۾һһֵصǸ˲ҡҵҲ㡣
һ˿ϧ壬

˵ô͸л˵ҪǻףǸɵӣ
ΪҪҹϮ޸
ôܣ

Ҷ˼ˣлصӪֻǵҽŮģʲôҲᵱҲ뵱
˿̲ŷԼŵľ壬ΪҹҹϮģ˵Ҫ
ǲҹϮҲҪ
ҪľһǾΪԼһҽκԼĲ

˳ӣһʱ֪Լظʧ
ô̹֮飬˵׾ף˵¾ͷˣ




15.  ʮ   ֮

леĻӦûǾ仰ظһ顣
ֻҽŮ
ʲôҲ뵱

ȥҽ飬һҲ뱳

ĵӹֻһָô
Թڴ˸䣬ʼĬĬ顣

󽫾Ǻæģе˽ͣ˽־񣬸ϲһ˴ŵл˺ܴϰ˰Ҳûܱꡣ

ʵ֪ĴҲ˺ܴϰ
СϢģڽֻżʱŲһ㶯Ҫǽʵʱж˵ǷԾҪεһд̿͡

ͷܾĽȥ֮ͬǷϢ֪𣿴󽫾иŮˡ
ٽı׼һ£һѰǸ˵еŮˡ
Щ˵вǵ͵͵ȥҽӪлģһ֮£һģ㣬Ϊ󽫾³裬û뵽ԭһ
濴ҽŮмֶΣҽӪСʣִСʵ˴ʣλһ·
㶮ʲôԽԽṴˡ

䲻·ɽɺôУ°ӹ
κŮɽľײϣֵܣֹˣ·ɽɵļ磺·ɽŸ󽫾ΨŮ˵˼ڿˣô󽫾Ŀģ

·ɽ˵ޣĸ
ȻͲԼҸŮˣôҲлġ
һ͸ĨˡСװСƵģȴҪҹϮŮ̫ˣ
ԵȷʵΨŮͷǸֶȻҪԿġ
ӱŮƭˣ

ֻе֣ЩøƵҹֵҪôǼëƤҪôǰûһƲ֮ʮֲԾ
Ȼע⵽Щ˵һƮ

˳ǵȥֻлڱڽǣͷ顣
һֻĢֻõһͷͷԼһı
֪ǲǸоô߶ɨȥְԼøСһЩԴøЩǵˡ

ӣ

λаӵʿǲˣǻûпʼӽÿһʱȥУ

Ҫǰ
ۿԽԽˣҪȥУǻҪѲƤ󽫾飬ֵǻһϲأ

һ
ǰлСҲãǴʱҲãֻһĿģǾܴܲŵؾҽ
˾˶ӣȱľԡ

˵ЩʲôüлҽŮо֮ҪԸȫ޶Ů˽飬˭ٸҶഫһ䣬á

ӢӢϵȴƫ䵭ʱûʲôϲŭüѾԵĲá
Ǹŷ꣬Ȼһ䶯ͦ

л֮ǰЩ˵ǺͽͷЩĿûаֲ𣬵һȴɱɲʱɳл

ֵлҽŮǣԺлЦҾʹȡ

ǣ뻮һתлһϹҵȿڲԣлˡ

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ǶʱϹ𵱲𵱲𡣡
Ǿϵô࣬л֪ôźãϻȥ

һЦ

߾Ϲ˶סˣӡ
һǷӷûɣ

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лǿһôȥҪܲˡ

˫ûڷϿʲôߣȻ鵭Ȼֻлȥæɣ˴㲻ֻҡ

лл󽫾
лڿԴֹľϹˡ

治Ǵ󽫾ƾһ֮Ͱݶ׵ˡ
ϾһߣܱһĴҪõöࡣ

л屧ҽ׼뿪⴫һ󼱴ٵ
оΧֹа˰Ӽ˷ӺͺͽǶһӭ⡣

һƥǰյ𣬷һ˻
ϵ˹أڷǰֱͦͦ£һͷǺӣҲ뿪ģҪҪߣþң
ȻϷ档

ɽϷ㲻ò·ɽɺ˵ˣһΪ顣

˴ʱ׷ڷߣڻʹʱǸĬһǸӢ˲꽫һɱУһ˴˶ȹΪ緢ʱ˶ŷĻΪС¸ߡ
ӵ󽫾֮ʱ˴ٺ»뵽ƴǵĻ͵ӷ񣬷ֻǽǳһ٣ǽͻȥѡ

Ϸʱ䣬·ɽ׷ҵȣȲˡ
ԽԽƣԽԽҲ಻סԼͷˡ

ˮϷ棬֪ʲô³
ҰɣϷʵҾڱҲؾǣ

̾ĳ嶯
ô£Ӷ˿ޱӡ
л嵹ˣ޵ñͷ죬۾ﺬˮģ˻۵ġ
ϷֵĻѧ˺ʵȥ̧žҪ߷ڵء

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Ϸ׵壬һŰ߿Ȼ󳷡
ˣ󽫾ʿǳǹ׼ƥ

ȵȣлȻǷˣǲˣ󽫾ɱǣסоȣ
һһӶûлô˵
ԼֱϣȻֱץֱۣץûͦ

¡

ʿǣǣ裬ΧһȦ
ͣ£ԵԲһǰ塣

лҪǰһץסֱۣΣգǱһ̤ͷǡ
ҽҵþ
쳣ѩлͷһؿ΢΢һ񣬸ѳģ漴һҽ˹лѾ˰ΧȦ

лһǹ޶ڹˡ
˵߶Ϸϵʱлע⵽ƥǰܳرԣʱͽͶͬ졣
ʱһֹŻõڵأֻ˵л忴غɫĴ۾ʹࡣ

££㡣
лο˶˵ʱֻһƬ죬ҲĿࡣ
֪Ļ۵ûˣȥʱҲûпܣлŵһԵζȷ֢״

죬ȥҽӪҽ÷ͣXʰл弱˲ָĿڣȥôףȥһ̳ף

ʿǼȥȡ˴л˰ס㣬Ȼȥ
ֶȻĿζл˫ϸȴᶨƣһԣԣȥͺˣȥͲˡ
׿˶࣬ڹˡ
ܿ㰲˲١

ҽűҽ٣ǺУξһ֢ǸǽᣬҺô׹ÿ죬һƥθҪˡ
˵ųлͷĿٴϧǰѺţϧҽӪ

ܽأܽأϷ渧ƥޱۣܽôˣ
ɽԺټҲҪԱ֮·߲Ҫ̫л֣صʲôȫչˡ

ǣǡսϣеĻ飬ĥ˵ĺϷӦ

л˵ŷԼЩǼͷˣڴ֮ͥѵһλƷɽϷ沢⣬Ϸʩһת˿ʱײһˡ

ˣаŰסƥģΧֹƥ˵ģȫʿװҲû⡣
һײ֮£ŷһֱվ˾ȻǷӡ

һҽ飬һһǹȻǴʿùġ
ͬǹȴһԨsŵƣǹԣһҪԶڵ

´һ£ȷ£㽫ǹһףԱߵʿ

ле
һֱں汣




16.  ʮ   ڿɰ

ǰôҽģ
Ӱҽݻлʱʡ

л巢ԼӾͷʵúܣѵϷ棬Ȼ÷顣
ع֪ϹϾؽӹ飬˸ǡ֡

˵ȻʺŮӣ˵ΣգϾһƲסˡ
ѹѧҽ̫ҽԺ
ʵӢľ

Ҫճ̣λҽӦѾŸϿˣȻע⵽ǵкüϡ

ҩһսĶǱʪ͸ˣϸĶżһƬˮ⡣
ļǱټİϸ壬մˮˮ͸ſʪ
ټմϵĺʪʪϣƽΧȹµ˳ӯӯһ䣬һͶϡ

Ȼһߺȣʲôɢˣ
һĸߣʮҺһ˿ŭ֮

л׵壬˶˶ˣüĶӡ

ָ΢΢˶׻ûֹס
ôʲô
ֲ㡣

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л÷һǺġ
Ϊڷӿĵ֮ѧҽҽʲôȻǲҵ 

ȻⲻԷеôʦְֽһ¡ûжùˣǳ˳իƵģͻȻ˻磬ЩŲ¡

ݲݵسһУȥ﷿Ҫ˼ֻˮܲȥǿܽء
ܽһƥƱȻȲ׷⣬ȴҲȥԶһƥ
ĵλȻҪһЩģлʱͿУξѾιܲˡ
ƥһҪϸϴιϸܽĲŻҪټӵͣЩ֭ˮ߹֮ࡣ
Уξһл֪ܲ⣬ͷµҽԽԽˣҽӪЩֻҪε˾ͲˡһͲ˯Ǳϡ

ܽز֪ǲǻϵ˺Уξлġ
ʲôҲܶԣлģУξһǰ״ˡле㱧Ǹ֪ڣҾͲˡ

ˣвţһ׷ҲҪԵġ

ƥϲȺӣϲͬ飬Գ˵üأ򲻻ֻлû뵽ͬ۵׷⣬һۣ׷أ
ȥˡ
ϸ»ǲԺٺãֻˣ׷ֺÿ첻ϼˣֻ¹ͷ

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УξַȻʵո˭ѧģ˽ʲô

ǰ˵⺢Ӿʵ۶ʦã㲻֪ʦ𣿲ȻЩһԿͷĻԼ

л嵱Ȼ֪ЩͷųҲˣҲκˣԷȴᷭ𣬻ۣǮлʲôǺα˵ǮдѵӸǣ

ڣȥˣѾһҪŮһٳֵ⣬ĴԶֻһʦлΡ

Уξһ£лͽܣ

л壺ʶʦ

ʶУξм֧ᣬѾͷԺ̫ƽӣòҪʦ֣֪ô

лͷ˸ܽصëΣȻʶʦҲͶѹ𣿡
ŲŲҪҪšУξļ磬뿪֮ǰʲôҲ֪ˣŵ˵ΪԼ㣬ʦڣҲôġ

ǵġ
лͷιСȴܼᶨǵġ
ǻûû˭ҲñŲԼ

ĺɫ٣Զ׷زˡ
ҲûȥˣٲȥӪоҪˡ
֮ǰ˳ְܲŽ׷һߵĲֱҪߵʱ׷Ѿܵߣһ˷ܵĳ˻
ҪЦŸкȻϵͦΣüȻǷӡ

л壺
ô󽫾ÿҪۉ

ӷһ׷жΣһʵô

л˵ãֱҵˡ
æѾˡҲûеϵıʱ䡢ֻÿʱᵢϰҽ֮࣬˵һ룬ӺȻһס죬ԱߵĲ϶Ѻ

л壺
ӵļͷĵȸҲֱ͸ֻȫԸоڵӲ롣

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΢΢һ˸ȫѹƣ嶼ѹ˲϶С
ɹģŶĸҷݶҲݽȥܡ
֮ľˣлշ̣˺񶼿Ҫ

ǸܵĵĹ̲ŷӦ
˿ǻȫĸй٣ŸоһֿסһֻԲСɵļͷǹڵλãȴܸоһˮ·һܽΡ
һֻƸ군иһָкõˡ

ʵһ¡
ΪָУΪָжƬѣԵԼЩ£ֻȥһ

˵͵͵˻ŽŲ̾˿ܽذܽأɺЩôܽذܽأ˵Ҹô죿

лһ⶯һ
ллأԭҪϷġ
ԭϰ˵˲ֹһϷҲкͰ̸ĵϰߡ

ʱɿļͷһơ
лգһ˫۾ɿͷ

֪÷Ҫÿ΢΢һ١

ǶӺۺģҹɫһӨˮ⣬

ڿɰˡ




17.  ʮ   ҼҪѧ㽿

лֻӸⰵʲôͷԭҪΪҪɿֵģһ˲ȴס°͡
ⲻ°͵һһλǹ컯ĿѾŵðڵϹ찵أ˼ССĲݶѺл궼챻ŷˡ

󽫾ѣǸˣûõģ

֪ǲĺţӵвм
òᣬϢϢŵľ룬лָ塣

仰Ǻܺõشлľ֣ǲвмûֻģظоֵʱе㲻ԸƵģϻһĨ̵顣
׻֣Ҿһ롣
ûһˣл尵һȻſʼ֣Ϸ

ܽذ˵ε׸ô죿Ϊʲôôò۵λһ㲻ΪʲôƫƫϣǸҽŮʲôãȫûж⣬ȵϰ
ϷǱߺܽĽ̸ͷе󣬺ģǺˡ

лɽ֪Ҫܾ֪ĴˣΪ󽫾Ը𣿻岻ûа취ʹ󽫾ʹ󽫾ȻҪ

ֻǷӵһ΢ãĲͱˣȥǷŭлǵ¼ŶıӰ

ʲô֪İϷ֮ȻֹŸ֪ѡ
ⲻ£ΨһľǼװԼڣκһ˿졣

ǱϷ滹߶߶ܽãֻǸ쵰Ը˵˵ջУôҴûмôˣϲǺϲǸлҽŮ֣а˵ǲǣ
ܽش˸ǣ֪޳ɻǷԡ 

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л忪ʼɣĪǸɵӰɣ
ΪʲôϲһˣȻϣͱһ

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ϷֻΪݣܿһš

׷Ⱑ׷⣬Ƣǲ̫˵㣿Ҷֵܣ˵߾ߵģϷУôһƥƾʲôñǵۉ㣬֪֪жæʡĵĶ

л壺
ˣλڡʡġⷽ浱ǰ

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ûٵȶãϷĵò࣬ᶫλƵˡ

лų͸һ
ڿԻȥˡ
һ뵽һҽҩֲôżȥˡ

ںڰʼճĬǽ̬ɿ֮һ·һʯ

󽫾лҲҶ
ҹɫԽԽлѾʼеˡ
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ֻӲʹɣ

һͺˣһʵֲ๣ۺ¶ǡ

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ǸʱǻʹĬѹֵӣĸǹŮ»Ҳֻǽ⵽λڶĻӵ˿ܹעǸп޵Ĵڡ
ǿʳĸÿջڷƮҡ֮УĸڵǰУǿڹл
Щ޼ƿʩƣϷ·ɽɾǸʱС

ΪҲʹǰһɫЩΥĹﻰԳĸΪ֡ʵʹȱľ
Ѿ飬һͺݺݸһֽΪڣñͷڡ
·һҲΣ˻˻Ӳ£Ͳþʹֳִ󣬺Ǹ֪ƫƧĳﻹһԱ޶

Ϸ·ɽѡһû·
˵£һݣۣҲ̫˰ɣǸˣ
ӣ

ΪԼǳ£ֵģȻҪȥһΡ
˻Ͷ֣һһֱߣӵĻʳΣյսıԹӱʿĸѳԡ

壬𣿡ӵ͵
лͷ𣺡Уܶࡣ
ӿһۣЩ⣬ӦúٻȥʶʲôѣлεһѹҲɢò࣬ԭΪĴ𰸻ǡûС
һǾԼûУϷ桢·ɽɡһֱ׷ڲ࣬Ҳֻǲ
ǵһص͸ţھ޴ķŭеһ˿ԭѲֹ£ˡ

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Цһ¡
ҲΪ˶վĶ棬Ϸ桢·ɽɺȻվߡ
˵УϷ·ɽһ·飬ǾȹһֱΪǹĽ飬ǵҪ

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Ҫǻȥҽɡ

ȻӺûľˣΪԶᱳѵѱ㣬ô죿

лû˼˵ԼЩʲôݣŬ룬汳ˣǾͱ˰ɡҵѣҲûй涨Ѿ͵һӵģܵһ벻뵱ˣǱȥɡ

㣬ɱأ
лԸоͳֻԽԽˣԥһ£ˣȻͲѣԸˣҲ̸ϱѣ˵

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˵꣬ӱתͷû˵
лɪʵǲ˵ʲô

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һ

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лֻת֮䣬ϵͱòһˣһ˲Լչϡ
ǺѰʿһĴֲʵأ滹£һһů⡣

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ϵǳѾǹ޳ݣӢ˲ϵ·лĺȻҵһ¡

Уֵ˼רѧҽҽΣԺΪЩɵ鵢ϰҽҿҪˡ

л壺
СĸʵʵҲҶˡ




18.  ʮ   Ըһӵҽ

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һдõ˫Ψб֮⣬Ϊ͢ء
ôأͬϾͬն֮ǰϷȥǣֻйȥһ֪ܷˡ

л룬ϷϷҲҪڱǲ˵ǺĵģǲǾûôѹˣ

кüûпˡ
˹СҲṳ̂СһӪ˴Լ֪ȥĽܴû

ݽеʣôǳˣ
л̾ϢмӣҺʹ󽫾ܣ

ôˣݽɻ󣬡Ҳû˰
ӪһҽŮݽڲǰЩʱǰæһˣʼлıߣŮ֮䣬ͷβֻͣҪڴ˵ʲô¶¶ˡ˵㵽ҹϮûУ

лҹϮ־ޣݽ㣬һûȥϿˡ
ŻصС񣬾ӭ˲֮͡

УξҴҶһźһץסл壬ͷʣʦ۽һ֣иط֪֪
лŸյ˸ͷͱУξһץߣȥ

л屻ýŲմأ·ǰϿεףҽҦҽֻ˵һλȥæһͺá
ǲŷô򵥡

۽ֳȣǺͻŧʱΣγɺҴСŧףתƵอƥȫŨѪҪֲᴫȾ
۽෢׾ԣļ´СȾֲѡеѾǸ׳ʵʱֻᷢһԭ򡪡ͱȾˡ

Ⱦ˲۽֮󲢲Լм֮ſʼԳʼ֢״һ㶼Ƿ飬˳ɷ纮
ƥˣҽιҩת֮󷴶ԽԽأУξ
Уξһ֪ãһԸ˰Ѳ룬һл塣

л巭ıǿѾưɫŨ֭ϢҲ֣ƥ۳죬ˮؿʮ

ưؾƳ֪ĸƸǮ̡۹ľͨ4Ǯ
л廹ûҩֻһȣл壡

лͷ̽۽ᴦһ̧ͷͼվ⣬ʢҷףճͬʢҵŭ

⿴ףҽҦҽһʱӦڸлϿΣһ֮²֪лҽӪ
岿Ӧ֣һ˸ҷƫƫǲáһŹ˳ȴһٶŽ̲ģβ

ͷϥϡһǱưܣϵۺϵŧ֭ȫմ·ϡ
еķŭģӦùޣ룬ٲȻҲ̫ҽԺ￪˳Ⱦ˾أ

л壬ҳ
ŭҽȷ׷׶

ÿһҽЩΪĳԷһһǲ˵ġлȻϱҩУξѾһ£ôһ𣬺Уξ׳ŲסıžવϣҲŹȥ

󽫾һȺ𣿡лżɿУξľ㡢硢3Ǯ
˵׼ȴֵ²ԾƥĲ۽᲻ֹһһЩӲһѾѷŧ
лɫ˱䣬һ£ټǮһζ̣һǮ

Ļû˵꣬Ѿ˳һ̧ͷͶϷ˫ͷȫѹֵŭл壬ɼǵӦʲô

͸ߣǶȿֱѹƣл嵨սľҡ֪ˣ󽫾

ڷҲڷ߬ӸǶϸһͶƵġ
΢΢˶٣µŭԽһЩûҪڿҪѧҽȴܣѧóɣ

ҡһúѧġлֻǴ󽫾ƥòᣬҸպûΣܸܲһգ۽ֳߣڣѾвƥȾˣҪеȫŲһ顱

ӸЦˣлҽŮó˵ҪһŲˣ
ǿԣǾ͸ˡлŶһֱһŲ꣬һŲ꣬һƥܴȾѧҽһһϦ֮£ƥʱΣһûˡ֪жƥһ

УξԱ߼òˣл壬ϧûǸӡ̫ῴɫˣ󽫾Ѿˡ

ѧҽȻһһϦ£ŵ˳Ϧֻһʱ䣬ʱ벻̫ҽԺⱲӺ̫ܿܶҽԺԵˡ̫ҽԺô׽ģ㿴ҵķ㣬ȥһǵ裬ʱһ޳ɣֿտգԵԼô
Ӽҧгݣɸ֣л尡л壬Ȼ̫ҽԺ͸óӣȻⱲӾֻЩ򽻵һֻܵҽ

ŭ𼸺ʵʣӺյллʶ˺ɪһ¡
ű߾ƥڵϰϢĴ۾һƬ죬۽ȫʪˮ
Ϻ󿪳ķӲһãҪÿҩķӦûа취ȥЩ޾ҽ飬ȥ翵̫ҽԺ

Ը⡣лأ͵͵صҲԸһӵҽ

˵ʲô
ӵһһʮÿһֶһ˿⡣

۾ѾûŭˣлȴñȷŻҪ¡
˶øˣȴʲôȼһһЩԼʶѿڶҲѧҽҲȥ̫ҽԺⶼҪѧҲѧֻ뵱һҽһӾ͸Щһ𣡡

ЩĹлȫ
˵һ֣һ˺Ϳˡ

Ӷл忴ãʶƵģͷãáл壬סԼ˵ĻĪҪڡ

лȷһܵ£ͷ֪ΪʲôͦӲԼŵҵĻҲڵġ

˵ʲô
л𣿣
Ҫ
Сڼèèڵ

ѻȸҽȫԼԭʧ´󽫾һŭ֮°һá

л̧ͷԴصʯͷؿڲϣͷƤһ顣
ãڿˣﲻһ˿ڤ粻飬޿ɾҩ




19.  ʮ   ò

л˺ܶ顣
ÿһ鶼áһǱʲôָˡ
ôе˵ô໰ôЩ˵ڵģ

ӵʱȥлɪɪΪܿͻһʿѺΣá
Լæץʱβ۽ҩˡ
ֵԼȲҩһһԼ뵽ķӦȫߺУξˡ

ҩƥǼŧ֭ЩɫҲˣȻûѺ
󽫾׼
ʵǽٿˣ
ˣ

붼ĺ£СҲһС񣬾ݽޡ
ҽӪˣݽ˵Щһ궼һƢһξܹꡣû뵽֡

л˵Լû뵽
ڻһ·ӵʱŭݣȻ
һֱĻ˵жһһֱϵصо̫̫ˬˡ

°ʵס󽫾һ㣬ȴΪһƥΥôģݽˣһϲ͹ʮˣȻûƵģ˵󽫾ͷģҲû֣ţǱ㻹оȡ

лһʲô

ݽָͷŴһǣŶͺñǴ乬ӣϽ뷨ش󽫾ģλ

лҡͷ
λлл
乬ͦãҰ乬

Ҳȥֱ飬ʲôҩȫ׵Ժÿ춼ԺͺУξһȥǣŲƥ
ǵζŸɲݺζ߳˻֮ҽǹЦԼҽʱȤ£Уξʱʱһĳ֢״ҽηӪôãлһ˽̤ʵصĸоӦӡ
д֣Ŵ󽫾תҪڽʲôļֱ͸Ƶģ̫ʵˡ

ǱһֱûлԽȣȷѾСﶪԺ󣬲ˡ
ۿֵ֮գŷȥУʱ䣬صСʰһ¶
С뿪С񣬾ͼϷлҽŮ

*

ԽԽȣУϵĲҲԽԽࡣ
ʿǶˮʪ͸ȴûаԹϾ󽫾ҲһŴ̫ûһȱϯ

΢üͷ

Ҫǿ죬һսռݾƣǻŴӴĮ߳

أڷߵ·ɽ΢΢桱һ
ӿ·ɽһۡ·ɽɽ죬һõЦݡ

˵·ɽɿʲÿĶҲ
˳·ɽɷŵӽȥͼ̳У⣬ƥȥ
ȥѾȽԶ̫塣ƥƱϴܽء
ܽصģȻϷˡ

Ѿȥ˾ȻӪʲô
ɻûת꣬Ȼһƥϵθ⽿Сʿ
ϷȺܽһƥѵõĺ۳ңܸ˲ࡣ
Ȼûܸȴʼո߿ľ룬δ£ͬס
ؼǣϵһΧȹϴ׵ǳɫϵƮɡ

л壡

·ɽֻӴϵȻսָڷףʱͺȥϷ泶һ١
ò𣿻ӪͻӪôǸлˣ

˵Ӹ˵ʲôлǾˣ⡣·ɽ˵һʮʱͲûи˯һŴϣ˭ȹѵһ֪ܲ
ȻˡǼٵģ⡱ȻҲǼٵģΪӾȻΪֻԣ·ɽٴУ䱸

лͷӳ·ɽϲһ
ԭԻӵŮˣڰȫˡ
·ɽɱֻүҪллصӵߡ
үƫƫŸɣȻɸϷ˹ˡ

һлǸŮⰲŵģ
·ɽȭͷߡ

ҪҪȥ׷·ɽʾһҪ׷ȥϷͷȻȫƸǸŮ

üͷúܽüѹõ͵͵ģȥ
ǺУξδϹ㽫̨һͼüɭ䣬Щ

ӳʣµлҽɽӪˣ֪ 

ʵǼƽ£һæ𣺡ǡⳡӦǴǱߴģԴӪŲ֮Ǳ֪ͨҲŲ顣ɽ߽֣Сıлҽȥæ

ֲ㣬Ϊֻһȥ
ӵϲŭ߻Уϣ·һʡ

ԼΪʲôᱻеˣ󽫾˼ǡ˭ãΪƫƫҪл壿

æ£ҽʵģɽҪˣҪִͳŲˡСлҽδ˲֣һȥȻ˵ƥסСĶ㽫˹ȥ

ȻУϵָӷ΢΢Ȧҽܺã
ŵԵĲ֪˵С֮ϣܼ

ӵָһ¡
ֶʶȫһҽܿİɰ˽أҽˮ׼ҲʮޣȻһôĵҽŮҪȥ̫ҽԺ־

Ǳߵʲôʱ֮ܽʡ
һץסĺģ߰գ£Слܻˡ

ӵָ΢΢ץǿѾĦ⻬ķ֣Ӳһ㣬ô

ǣͷ絷⣬СĶˣСĴСлջӪڣƥɹܰ

*

ϵòлʮ֮ص˴Ӫ
壬лͷѪ
һûţӶԼл鿴緹ûϼڡ

ⶼҵġϻŲ߱Ųߣʲôƶˡȱˡˣⲻû𣿡Ϊսô˶ſǲĶ̹ʱźţ˭Ǹй򣡡

лֻЦЦ·ֽȥæ
Ϊս࣬һֱûרϤչˣܶΪһЩһЩֻҪٹһƥֶ࣬Ϊ

ҲԾ
ԾҪ֮µĽץȫˣǲǴȥҽȥҽӪҩ
ǵͻȻͱ˽СèʱҪǻ

ӻһס·ɽɴϢ·˵ʵ󽫾лҽûʲôɣ
΢΢ü
ûйϵܹʵô
Ȼ·ɽظֵܣһٸģ󽫾ǸлİǮϵûУǰûУԺҲУҵû

ӣ

·ɽɽʾͷַ鱻һţף˭ӵ飿ʰõġðһĸӦ£ȥ

ˡӵȥУܸʮȦ

·ɽ۾ùԲң
ӣԣ㡣

ȣƻ·ɽУһܵú£һ淴ʡԼ
ţ˵Ǳ飬ܹʧ죬ԻǸ÷ӷöԡ

*

ҽӪνͥУǰδе֡
л岻󶮣Ϊھеҽô£ƥβҪΰƥ
лͦáƥǵõչԽãԽ

һۉ·ҽӪʣľһʢ

˺ѵ·ˮйͨΧһȦأлվڵУϵΧȹںĳһ费ʢң·ǵ鷢϶һ㵭Ľ⡣

ļϸ壬Ĺ⣬ȫ棬ȴ
ƥһҪιĴΣս£ܶʱιҪʱ䡣ιʱιϣιϣιһΡ׻˵ҹݲʡĪҪʡ٣ƥһܳ׳ʵ

л˵ʱ򲢲ˣֻ
ʵмäЩ˵кЩҲϲ˭˭ÿ˵ϵãĵ׸ȡ֡

ʱ˵ţȻһϤ˻̧ȥȺ⿴˸ߴ׷⣬һƤëӰ⡣
طл϶ʱ¶һЦݡ

ӺԼЦݵĸо
ǰĸһ꼻ҹﻹҹšԶȲ˯ˣֻĸźûۼš
룬ûܼҲ꼻ʢţ˰ɣ

һûпˡ
ȷе˵Ƕʮ졣

ӵǲɢ˿¿ƺȥ˴֮ãƺż
ĪЩζƸпꡣ

ȻͼлϵЦݺȻһգȡ֮һֻ̿־飬·ͻȻʲôһ㣬Ȼæ񣬡󡢴󽫾

˷׷񣬷ȫûԼ쵽һ¡ǸЦݣǸġ

ʲôҽӪʱ˶ҽ

ҶʱɢƤ㻹ͼҪԼҵһԱʾԼҽġ
κδ󽫾ɭĿⰵɱƤٺ񶼿סǶ߶˵һлæҡȻŶӡ

ӵ̫죬ûпӵӸˡ
컹

ŻֵӪǰʱֻʣлһ

֮䴩ݵϢ
׷⻺̤ϼͣлǰ

лŵ඼Ҫ
ҽӪʺ棬ǳȥǻۉʱþ

ԣ

һ޺Ȼ쵽ǰס°̧ͣ
лȻһμҲǱ°ͣӭߡ

һûмˣһҲûб䣬ӢͦתŸӵġԶҲ㲻Ĺ⣬Ȼӵζֻû˵ºͣһ˿ҧгݵĸо
лҽòְ




20.  ʮ   𣿺

飬⶯ôô˵ġ
лһҲ˵
ֻһ¡һҪãһپʲôģŲסġˣСô죿Щ

㻹˼ԭҲûжеãеջˡ
еɢ䱻ţȴɨһ֮Ѹٴȥǡ࿴һ
֣ôòѵ࿴

ҡûСл΢һ˿ǻ󽫾һʦҪҪҪܲһ
Ȼ̧ۣëᣬ仹һᣬδ䣬һ顣
һ£˻˶ٲŵ˭Ҫ

лһϣգգۣĨĨᣬӣֻҪҪôҶϡ

ˮĨˣͷۿ΢ģðףԡ
Ե÷ӾԼ۸˵ĳ̶ȡ

ʵʶôԸʶ䣬ĻȴԸϽ챻ȺΧƽʱǰһ仰Ҳʲ֣Щ˵浹٩٩̸һİ
ôţӷűǿ齽ϨŭҪ̧ͷƣл壬µÿɻ̹ѹ̫ҽԺҲȥֻԸҽӪɡ

лһ²˵ġ¡ʲô˼૵ǡ

òҪ˵Ƕҽİɣ

ȫǡлкЩѧġ

ӣ
ش̫棬һʱ֪˵ʵǷ̡
ƽʱȰĸԣҲûкߵĵӣޣҧл壬ǳģ

лͷţ˵
û˵꣬ǰȻһӷߴαƵǰס⡣
üɭ䣬СصĻŭԱȷ˼̨ף֪ˣҪ

лһαˣӦֻ૵ذԼҪ˵Ļ˵꣺˵ԵҽֻԺԸҽһǡҾ;ã̻ǣսúãսϾܴӮˡ

ôĿİ˵ˣŷַӵɫе֡
лǰɫʦµʱΧͻȻծʦĳĳĳսǼҶٶٶٶǮȻ֪ʦм˵ϰߣл˱֮ϵıͺͷӴ˿мơ
ΪǷǷծԼ

ӺȻһߣٻعͷʱԴһ£ԺЩˣҽù¶

ֻһ裬Բ­һ޷ٶλȫȫ棬˿˳ӯкõϡ
ӵʶһ£һ¸ᣬᣬѾģǸ
Լʶͣͷ
ʶһ֮󣬷˻·ʲôƵġ

лֻȣĹĵط̡һ˲ʦʦǰҲôԴҪһ䡰ɵѾͷ



л̲ס̧ͷ
ΪʲôȻúʦ
һŻͷˡƾΪԴֻһĿġǾǺһö顣

ԵŮʮ꣬ѾˡҲСˣԼΪԼ㡣ӷӸµؿҽӪӬӪǻСרѧԼú

˵꣬һǣ׷ⳤ˻һȥ

лԭأһʱԼôȫȫβرŹˡ
˼ȥ

*

ӻصʣѾڵˡ
ﱧһֻϻ˱飺ˣѾ˱¿һڱԳ

һǵ·ݲųֱӰ֤ǡ
֤ͳȥĵԴѺŰӪֿ˶ӵԴʹ飬˵ԼԱ£Ա

ʱжڰԴĴףһ˿棬׷Ѿ·飬ֻðҰ̰ãΪԩ

룬ǿЦ
λӳȺĸʲһǰԴĶӣӶ䣬Ȼֻһ̲ܽϵϸ

Դڱʮˣѵڳù
ϻ֤һޣҪģķŭѾӿ˷ͷ˽ϻصȥ

һ͸Դ

ȥص㲻ͣ˼Ҳ֪òˡ

ŽϻһʱûжֻĬؿŷӣãʵӸ磬ǲʲôǣ

ѾܾûӸ硱ˡ
컨Ǩ⣬͵긣¡
˵Ǿʵӳ
ּҾں긣¸Ǯͨ˹ؽڣѷӽӵԼеӲ֪ǰԼõĹءײĺȫˣټϻ强Ű¡

ֻҪڹеչ˷ӵҪֵĶӺͶϱҲĸĸ
С꣬ڼ䣬̲סϸ¡
ӻǵС˵ĵһ仰컨ûµģҲɾͺˡ

ӹȻˣϼһס꣬ͯʱΨһɵʱ⣬ÿպһΪ
й©ݣϼҶֻ˵Զܽ硣

Ӳϲ˽б硣ΨһģǽҵŮ
ǻʺĸ壬Ҳ˻֮⣬Ժյļ壬Ƽʢ֮ʱʼҶҪѹһͷ
ֻǸп޵ĻӣЩŮڴ糡ϿͿغһ硱ֻе䵭볰ֱܻΪʵʡ

С󣬲б磬Ӹ硣
ʲôģĿԶųݡ
ΪߵʯӶ·ɹȸ֦סˮ֮ܡ
벻֪ʲôǣֻǸ˴ӹϳĵù

ĸ󵽵æǰ˵ѷӽӻ˹СۻٴΣӶȷԼͯһ̽ġɽּɱܵӸ磬ܾ߻ӣҪͷأΣķлסĸס

һֱ˵ҲһֱŲϣֻպһսɱС
ǵ֮ʽȥţ飬ΪǹۣΨһӣͯʱΨһļ֤

˷ֱʱСС꣬ټ涼ѾǼӹڵĳˣ·϶пϲĳ̶ȡ
󿪿ڻһӸ硱ʱļȫˣмеºȫʧˣű˴˵ļֳű˴˴Цꡣ

Сʱõĸƨ棬ȴΪȣӸ硱ֻйһΣʱĽҲڲᣬƽʱֻơ󽫾ͬһѰ

һӸ硱֣е̧ͷͼһ档
Ӹ磬ǲǳʲô£ǶһҽģҪ֤Դ㵽ʲô

룬ʣ𣿺𣿡

󣺡
صɣ

ӹ˹ָʾͷˣԴġ
СʱӾͺܰԴԴë׵ģСֻϧڳˣһʿ磬ŷñӣһֻĵñϡ

Сʱÿɰ˷װ˹Ӳջ֣ҵķԸȥպ֪ԭˡ

ȻǺܾûˣ㶲ŻعͷԭӸҲŪ顣

ȳӵɨһţܹЦ󽫾

лǼȻʹ˷ӵԺ
Ӷ֪ôġΪԴΪ˾
֮һ˲䣬ӵԺȫرлռ

ǰˮļĽë΢΢Ŀǻӯķ˿Ǽŵһ˿ɲݵķҷʱһļ磬һ죬ҲҲﻯˮ

˸Ϸ洫ӷԸһ

*

ΪŭҲǿܿƣһֱս
ԵôһȺ˩ǵʱлҽһһ¡

ⲻǱҽֲϷϸߣŸɲݣԾ鷳ˡ
ɽȥǶġ
ǡɽ˵ƺ̫Ҫһɵ⣬ǱίʲôΡۿҪ¸ӡ

һƥŭѱĹΪһƥ˳սֻҪһ¡ȥơ
Ҳ
ÿҽɵĻֻΪԳ͹ѾȥˣӪҽлɶѡ

٣лͬҽ̿ӣ˵ɾ͸ɡ

ȥҽӪҽ˸գѶʱֻҽڸǹɢ
ҽ٣׷ǰлҪҪæ
лҰƥɣ
л㿴ôŵİɣ

лϰר£ʵܲһȺڶ룬ҽͷͷǵܾ˵ĻȴѳڣԷôģôࡣ
ֻһ߸Ļһ߷Ӧ
Щ⺺ûʲôأԼѱ˵ûʲôȴǺǵģ˻һһȥûˣӵʱһƬңл嶼㱻ˡ

һ˷סл壬ڣлû°ɣ
л忴е죬ӦǾȥҽӪģƺǸ졣ǲסҲԲֻ֣ܺл

ۿɢʼЧҽǴҽ䣬ͳʼʧȥ֪ƥȥơ

лרעڽĶͳ
ͷһƥ̧ͷʱŷе
Χࡣ
ԭЩĳΪææҵǣ˭ʩ˶һվԭأĿɿڴƺá֡ݡ

лԼŴƥͳıǱѪܵģմѪ
ȷʵеѪȣϹսľˣѪ
лʾ̫⣬ְǱˣմѪڶƥǵƥƥ

ûע⵽ĹԽԽ࣬Χߵ˱ԽԽ١
̧ͷʱֻʣһǷŷλˣƺճ¡

½лֱ㶵ؿͳһѶڷһѣѵúĵʵЩҪҪĻߡ

ҡճµĽһڷ/ɤԷ˫ԼĿ/ɣҲҪˣ
ǴجѹƵģȱܡ
ٶ֮죬а˰ٸ׷




21.  ʮһ   ҪͰԵ绹׳

ûȺîˣҽӪһӰ˺ܶࡣ
ӪеĲȻǽܹģʿпĵŤǳ£ƥȴϧýһ߹ȥ̫̫ƽƽż㣬ƣûʲô¡
ͻȻ͹ĹҽӪνʮС

ոȥƣϤչˣл弸Ǵ粽

ҽǵȻֵͬţ۸ɶٻ˵һֽ֣㣬ְصǻֺãһܶʹ
ҽͶС㿪ʼԼֶ㣬ĵĹòࡣ

ǵĺһǣȥȥȥɻȥĶôϻ
лֲһ˵ģ㶼ǸʲôȥǶ׵ô˶и˵ĿԼľͻȥЪȥˣԽԽ

лֻЦЦû˵
ҽǸɻķʽֻǱ֤ƥǡˡѾüƥ崴ѿﲻ١
ſ֮ܣǸῼǣ˵һô͸ɸȥˡ

леƥ˿ڶһ飬ҩҩ崴崴ȵ꣬ɫѽƻ裬лһ죬Щֱ

һܻʰҽ䣬׼뿪죬׷һ⣬ǰӹ
Ƿۉˡ

лʶƥ˶㡣
Ĭ춼ˣ

Ȼ׷ѾֱԼȥˣȴס˸ͷͣ¡
ӣ

ͷ׹䣬糺ɫϼΪһߣ˭һ֧մ˽۵ıʣΡ
佫Ǵ໢ȴǼϸȳϼյͬһӰͦζ㡣

лֻһۣ֪ڷٶηԼģ˫۾ӥ

ڷ˵һҲˡ
˫ӳϼ⣬Ө貣·ıʯʣɷ

ʲôʡ

л͸֮⣬ȻļѣԹԴ
ôһӵ˶ǳ԰׷ô

л岻ͬ鷳æǵģȥæˡ
ŶôӵҷŴҽӪǱ߹ûжæ

ɡæˣϾ춼ˣҲͦġʵʺл壬仰˵쳣ȴȻ͵һЦ
ЦͳºͣʮöлһûסԼ̧ͷ
ͼϴһ˿Ц⣬ˣᳶѱ㲻ҪΪԼҶˣ

лĿɿڴҡûУҲǣֻڿǸȥơ

żʱ۾ùԲһԲأɫǵͨ죬״εģ÷ͷЩ
ôС򽻵ǵСģһֻСӣһιҶʱһСӶᱻŵǽǲϹ

ʮֵԺᣬãˣʲôҪ˵

лֻõսľ
ԽǺԽšΪͱʾûдͽ̫ҽԺ

ͷҡ˹ģûУûУȫûС
һ˵һóƽ͵ʼˣ󽫾룬һ£ȡˣ
˳תܡ

ӿֻĶӵСӣͷ˼һ¡
ǲǲӦֱӿӦõԼ˵
ҽӪûˣȻġôһʣôСĵӣôƤ±ֻź˵

öһЩǡ

*

лóһ顪ƻʱ򲻵Ƕ
ΪܻܿϷӡ
ڵڶһȥǣһĻЩ꣬æԷŻӪ
緹ʱҽӪ֣Щҽŷ봵ţ
ȻڴȴֻͷǷǵʳ֪ζɫأüͷ

лգ̲סʵУξôˣ
̾Ϣ֪ô£·ɽȻҪȥ󽫾ϴ

лԼ⣬ҽҽϴǷΪô

ǿ׷Ⱑʹˣ˭ûб׷߹
ɫˡ˻ԵȻӣ¶ʹ֮ɫ

ԭлȥɡ
ĪҪ˵ġ˵ţüëλ󽫾ԵĽ첻ͬһ£׷˼֮󣬴󽫾Լϴټˣôȴһѵʲôⲻɣ

Ȼл֪ҵġ

̧ͷƼлƽ棬һæµЩɢˣȴȻһžá
ɲ֮䣬顣
˴󽫾ʲô

Ǿɡüͷչ¶ЦݣǱ첻ȥˣúϴϴһҪѴ󽫾ϴ˰

*

·ɽ˵ҽӪɳϴлʱ൱ġ
˵ȥӱߣѡ˸հԶλã׼ȥһǸŮԱĳ档

ʢ٣ݷ賤ӱ߽ˮݵĳƸЩ紵ݵţ򲢷ǵĸҥʵˡ
ʵ̫ˣߵŷ֣Ѿǿ£ΧѾϥ˺ܺõذ档
·ɽɺһ۾

ûۻӵҡ

·ɽɺһʲô
Ȼʳڣӳһָ߽˺ӱߡ

ӱߣлǣ׷ˡ

·ɽɻȻ
ôˣȻױŮɱΣѾԣҪڰй۲죬ҴŮĿ
·ɽսӿˡ

ֻϧС׷ŮŮ׷⡱Ϸ벢ûз׷лһֻèҪ֣Թϴʱͷ֣л忩Ц

ܰ·ɽ൱ʧ
Ĵӵ飬Ȼַһ˿Ц⡣


Ҫץס˵ģ͵ץס˵ӵѾץˣ

л׷ÿģˮĽݽһֻһڲҩæģ졣
͹

㿴󽫾ôϲ㣬㻹ȥ󽫾ϸȥѧҽݽǱ乬ӣúθ裿

·ɽо
л岻֪û˵ͣ˵ʲôֻݽĶаҽ꣬黹ˣʱҲûӽ󽫾ˡ

ҪԼԼл͹ҾʹС𣬺ͰԵ绹׳ȹһӡ

·ɽɣ
¶¶ˣĿȻ¶ˣ

زﻹˣһػ

·ɽٴӣһڷϿе顪
ӵͫ΢΢ɫÿ߱




22.  ʮ   һ

Ӫ·, һֱûпڡ

·ɽɸԱߣʮ
ԭΪӻȥлˡϾΪˣ˭ܵͷϵñӣһӻ

ûС
쳣Ĭ

·ɽɵĿ˼ͬ顣
, ʲô취ϾͷһظŮ˴򽻵
ǰշ, ˮŮ˺ͲƱȫԭⲻͻȥ, ڹٳϵһޡַûһΡ
û뵽, ؾȻһŮϣƫƫŮ˸, Ūָ֮䣬͸ӵġ

·ɽֱлƿڴ˸, һ·ֻǿš
ǵ˴Ӫ̲סˡ
ΪûнʣֱȥлסǼС

Ů
·ɽʹúñһʮı崿ӱŮַʼ, ƫƫĲġ
һͦ, ǰӣѰɣ

Ӹһ

ΪŮѹֵ˵ǸŮĻ, һװһģ, һ滹ڼﱸˣֱ޳֮

·ɽɣһȣ, ôȥУһȦ겻Է

·ɽ죬һ˲µˣ, 겻˵
·ɽɣ
ô죿ֻܴһӿˮȥȦˡ

û룬߽С

һûסˣķɳºһҡлʱת⣬ǸɾģΧȹϴףǿҶȻϲÿմɨྻ
ʱδɣ·һҹǰֻǷѪӿƽ

ⲻ
Ȼʲôģֲ·ɽǸ/ӣ浱Լñˡ
һ͸ҪзǷ֮룬ôҪ˹ɴֻδеɣ

صȭϣʹʹһֱָš

һӺ֣ʹԴͷشڼձߣƵĵƹ⽫յһһֻ죬ǰ֬һĨֱ͸
Ҳһ뿪ʱᣬҪҪȾƣԲӺӵĹġ

ô׺ߵСôڼˣ
Ϊʲô

ӵȭͷ߬ż
ⲻûʲôֻǾԼʶ˲ȻСѾͷƭˡ

һΪҽŮ˵ȥ̫ҽԺһȴԸʶ䲻˼ȡֻ뵱ҽ
һΪһȴ߰ߣ

һȭϣһε̨΢΢һεȥڵɢ˼ܡ

ʲôˣʮҲûйϵ

ˣӴһ
ױ̽

ȥлй

*

·ɽɷˣӷȦʵΪá
ͷܵúҪըһ㣬˼Ȧ֮ӵˬ

ǲĵеͷˣûлôأӳĲģпѾˡ
ӹɱϿȥСԼĵһĶʵڲȥӡ
ʵ÷

Ӵ·ɽô

·ɽɻͷͼϷϣЦеؿǰ˰ɣ
ͷ·ɽһܣһ洭ϢʣһôܴӪˣ

㣬˵øллһϻȺҪģŲӪѾôӪҽչˣܲôӪٳϲǣⲻǴͲ

·ɽһ⻰ͣˣлʲô£ôͳˣӻ˰Ϸ棿

˰ɣҲˣԺû¶ѧŵ˼ҿַܻӭϱľԴϡ

·ɽɷۣ֪֪Լ˵Щʲôƨ

С鲽·ɽߣϷϾӸ£ɵȥƵģΪʲôͻȻö˶˾Ҫ͵Ӫǰû͹ͻȻˣѵûʲôͬ

·ɽɣʲôͬò˵ΪҽӪ˸лİɣ

ǣ

ͷװ̫ˮͲҪܳұQСİԼΡ·ɽ̲סͣ½ŲذѺӱ˵ˡ

ϷĿɿڴҵԭϲһģѹְûϣ 

ϲƨ·ɽɵǰǱƭǿĿˣŰɣԺһۣƴһȦ

Ϸһʱû쳤˲ӣžӪĳһһŵɣ֪ƴǷԲ𣿡

·ɽɣţ


ȥһʡϷһͬ飬ֻֻΪȥˡ

·ɽʶˣȻͼϷָĳһ

·ɽ˳Ǹȥպÿӵһױһˣһ䣬ʷߡ
˴һϴ׵Χȹ򵥵Ժһӣлĸ

·ɽɣ
ǰɣ
һ㰡

*

ױȥͨлȺ


ͷӵǺܴмֺлƽʱҪͳЩ·һ˿ԵĲ

лͷʡ
оʲǵһΣÿһܽš
֮ͷȴδӿڣˡ

ӽܲΪҳΪΪȥȻȥѧҽʱԽãһ˵ĻȻԽѾܾ

벻֪ӲڣΪһһһ䡰˵Լλɾ͵ߣճ֮ʰԼˡ
ȥԴס
ֻ˵ڣԭԼ

ˣйȷȷʵʵµģʲô

ھţýţ˵ĺе㷢
лȷӸŲסһնıǼС
ʱζǱҽ飬һԼҽӪųһá
Ҳء

󡢴󽫾л׳ŵӵҡл˵

˵

лһ˿˿ĸоҲϾ룬һҺܸлĺ⣬ĲѧҽͦģѧҲֻ˷ʱ䣬ôæͱϷ˰ɣ

ͷûл岱ӷҲ̧ͷֻӲͷƤһ˵˵꣬Ҿ˷ʱ䣬ѡһࡣܴԭȾǿҽݵģ˵кüͽܣҪҪԿ

˵סΪ֮ˡ
ߵǰ

ʱˣɫһ󷢰ס
ܾ󽫾³û
󽫾±Ͳ֪ܣ֪˻ߣôף
ôǿֻװ׷ʱмＸԼʱ벻̫ҽԺβô󽫾Ĳֻ鷳

ԷĲκ˴󽫾ܣٶĶԣֻǲ֪᲻

л廹ûôģ°;ͱס̧
ӭϷӵɫмࡣ

л壬ǲǾãǸҶԸ̫ҽԺ




23.  ʮ   

лĵ, Ҵûãһʵʵġ
ôһˣܷϡ
Ϊ, ֱǸľż

ȥȥ̫ҽԺʲôϵǷһ, 㵱жУԸôѧҽ, һ̫ҽԺ

лԭԷʱ̲סգգۣʲôǷһ

ӣ
ʵջ, Ȼֻ˵˿ڡ

ֻǲԼΪ̰зһ޳ɣ𣿡ǿи˿, ˺һ֪ҪҪů, ͨŮҪҪ, ֮, ֻЩк죿л壬ĪҪްһҪȥȥ׷, ٶĿ۶ΪʵԸ, ˸ùһ֪𣿡

ͱ˵ͳЩʱ, лֻ·ܴӶֱͷȥ
䣬׼ƫƫĳ, ȴķΧ֪Ҫһƣʱеġ
һ૵ҵ벢̫ҽԺ

üҪʲô
⻰ʳھ֪ˡ
Ҫ
սϵǧ׷棬ڼǰȲΪ

лͷҾؼңúôС

ͰԵ绹׳ȹһӡ
仰ӵԺպţӺȵסڣ
֮Լŭ֮ʢԼ˴

лǸŵòУһֱӲŵĴʱֽ̲סʼ

ԼΪȾ룬ܹܲ¹µһӣҪұ˵ġ
ͷһӣʾͱһۣؿһϲϣ²£ܡ

ˣôɪɪģȴԹԿʼ룺ˣˣҪʲôȥɡ

ڴʱһÿ󲽴˽
ǾмͨҲʵ֮һһŷַǰվŸȻл壬һȴ֪ȥ顣

Ǹ鳡֣һƱ֪Լòʱκ̲ݻֻôյӶߣԴŰˣѾ쵽Ӫ⡣

˲񣬵ͷ˴ݹ٣ȥӭһӭ͵Ҳ֪
һͷлƵһ߼ӲĿӣЩŭġġ˵һȫս˿ȥ
лһָоһ̵Ǹս޲ʤĴ󽫾һķӡ

׽߻лϡ
˼ˣлæһҪˣӺȻס䣺Ķȥ
żĵǡ

леãȻ
һ

󽫾¹ػܣ

ӵȥǣзִ硣
Ի˵ʲô׻סˣתȥ

ӵֻлӣĿϣл壬ǾһԱӾ֪ô
лһֲԤУͰ͵֪֪

ýһ¡ӵúϣ³֮͡

лʣҡҪôϣ

ܼ򵥣һ˭ߣ㶼ŲҪߡҿڣҲҪ

л壺
ȥȷʵܼ򵥣ǣһǴ󽫾һǴ󶽻Ҳǲ

ѾһϵĿ޺󽫾ҽ޷Բţ

ƿһ˲лֻ÷βһɣȻɢںڵ㷢
һĵķϸʵΣѷͷ
Ǹﲻɵһ˿龳ȻȻȻһģһǶͷ΢ƣ
һ˲ͷķ䡣

лȫѪҺԴ壬ˡһ죬һƬհףպһƬ
о˲䣬֪Ǳ촽

󽫾˵ĿǻҲǺںһĿԡ

Ȼ̧ͷʱе⣺ˣ
Ȼʮ䵭طԸл壺£°ɡ

лһʱֻԼӲãϰӦһǡ֣Լʹ
ǡһҧǲߵġ

üΪȴǵͳö

ʮĪأлȻһ¡
ϽԼʲôЦִоǡ

Լִеľǰ׶ûУҲ֪ԼʲôϷ룬ֻһҧףҾǲߡ

ôͷҧгݣģʵӲ˭Ŷ
ڹмŮ涷ޣֶƵŮŤŤԭᷳһȴǸСèצһƵģģﲻÿװǻƣȻʹһ˿磺֣¡

л巢һҪʵôô͵ͳɤôڶߣֵ͡ᡢᣬֱֱӰ˵ֻˡ

ѣ
Ǵ󽫾
Ǿ

ƴþӣлżסˣҲܣҾǲߡ

лҪԴģ֪Ǽٵģɺ죬ľȻ̲סֻù̻ȡ
ȥˣݲ֪ʲô״ͷһλԼĶ

ð˼ЦˣӰл¶εԴ״ʵҵ/޷
˵ǲſӵİһСΪΰλ𡣡

Դ޵һ룬ϲµģܵظţʱٽźͲ˳ˣֻݺᣬɤ˻ƣˣˣյ󽫾Ķ֪ϾȻ´˵Ȼ£˻ݣҰҾǶϾҲݲȲҲ֮ͽ󽫾ѾˣҪն׻Ҫ٣ȫķ䣡

ʵĿϷһѾʶˡ
ҵʱΪûлһԴ޵ñ춯أܸȾΪ˼λϳʵˣû׷ϲŰͳȥΪελϳѺŶ

һοԴһԤ̲밸ʱ͢Ѳʹٱ¡
Դм㣬Լ޷⵱˵棬ն˰ͷ­

ȻǷӣҲΪĴݡɿ׷֤ݣס˰棬ڵڶĴս԰ԴίΣݹӦȫȨиԴ
Į֪ԼĴ󡪡ݱԮҪټһҲûйӦϡ

뵽һսԡѪɱȴֻԱѩ伢ô͵սʿþɳȴò𣬷ֻЦӰӣʶ˲ϱûã

׾ǰ򵶼ܣǰѵ
ѩӳڷӵüۼ䡣

л޶˼ӿ졪۾ȵ⻹ҪҪ




24.  ʮ   

ŵ, 򰲳

Դ޵׻˵Ӳ̣֮, , 󽫾ϳһɱ˰ɣ
Ҳ޵ףҵĴ, ûйϵ
ʹ޲ֹ

һҲһĻʱ뵽ԼǸңԶġ߸ϵĸʡ
ĸȷе˵ֻ츸, һһգǰȼ, Ϊһա
һոֽӡ˫ֶݵס֣Ψһһθܵϵ¶ȡ

ԵʱһĻʱ, ֵأһ¡
һ, ɱĿ, ԴɱӵࡪǼҹڸ֮ϣһ͵ǣѲʹһľͲֹǰ
ֻǸ, Ҳֻǰ̰īһСԴǴ, ˧

ӽͣڰǰ
û˵ֵסĿ־壬ϲ԰, ҪҪɱҸף׾, ҡ

еĵһ

лʶһס۾
ȻĲǲҽУǾĴָ۾ֻö˶˵عڵϣϵϣɢһء

С𾪡ﵶ׸ߴлϴ΢΢һЦôɱˣĳ˵СúܣѪҪ޵ġ

л壺
оĳˡ
󽫾ܲܲҪôü۴Ц̫ˡ
ȵŷӦ󽫾Ŀģɲλ᣿

ôһ˲ѵͱš
лľ˹
ʱ⣬һʵлڡ

ôվǶŵ˫¶һ˫Բӣܸעһů⣬ɢбɱ
ڣá
ûⲻһһһлпܡһгϣ

ڵЦ⣬˫ְѰԴΪڱʮأͿ߹ʲôֻһӽСעЩĴӣͰ֤ˣô͵أ

Դݺ᣺ϳԲ󽫾Բ°

ӺЦ֮ܣҽĿá֮ʱ˵ǹ֮ʯҪҶֽ̡нڶȱ֮Ȩֻ֪ľһ;һϲ̶ָ̲ͨǰ

Դһжϳ㱨󽫾꣬ӽ󣬴󽫾ϳӣ

ѾٲȻ֮ʱΪԷͷ­Ѫ

ԭÿֻƽزЦԴɭɱܾ֮ǧ֮⡣ʱЦ̣лŷվȻһЦƣЦģϼݡ
ֻǣúİоʶǸ󽫾

ʶǸ󽫾ʿ䣬Ȼȴĵؿº縸ŸӲͷƤԸѧҽ

ż󽫾棬˽˼Ҷ٣Ĵ󽫾ɣڲɫ˳ᢣ͵Ա̸ЦʲôҲһЦ֮

ĵͶ˴磬·ɽ㣬ϸӺȾơ

лΪľˣҪµʱ򣬷ӰѾƺһơ

л̾˿
һãֳ̾Ƶˡ
ֻ˭˵Ⱦţ

ϸӰһߡԹȻţʲôξƲմŮɫȫǼٵġ

·ɽɾܲ·ɽɣ쳣ͣѸÿڳݲ塣
Ҳ˼ƣȵ屭ʱлʹ˸ɫֿơ

ɫлǽյˣȫʲô˼

һ˲סļͷһлֻżһ˱㿿ǰ
ſŲ񣬿лžԼСһֱֻ۾ܽȦʵֻһ㲼ϣظоϵ¶ȣԼص

ܿ죬Щ͸оˡ
ΪӸߣ죬һңҺȾơ

лģԼԼû档̫ˣֻһȵֱ촽

˵ɿһûжߣð

ӾԼܺȶˣȻôôɰ̲ס̧ա
ģģ·һЩ֭ˮһö͸˵С{ӡ
ʲôأ
ڳмֺ

㡢㲻ܺˡлżԼʹֻϧ򸣬ϸţȫûй˵ļơ

˵ʲôӵͷѶսǰ

ôһԴ͵ǰлѾֲϷ㡢Ĳٺˡ

طˣͷ΢ЦΪʲôҪİĲ𣿡

군
л룬
ЦݣѵĴ󽫾ҲЦ

˵ȾͲܺˡлһѰסıӣ࣬һ̵ֱúܣ϶ǺģԼû˵һ

ٴЦˣһ˿Դϣãġ

ôһ˿ϵһ˲лֻԼһʯͷ궼ˡ

ԴȻЦſ˼Цǣͬòİȥ
·ɽɻչ˷ӣһߣһȥͿ͡

лͼӣȴû˹ͷƵĿϣֳ˾ţ֮Ҳκβʱ򣬷ӺȻ۾ƿվӺų⡣
һлŻ

ò׼Ǹʲô״̬뻹ǵһˮ͹ȥ
ӱˣвȣӹˮлˡ

Ӧѵġ
ô֮ǰװ

ֽǻЩԼ̯Ͳˣֻ
ڵƻ⾲ףĿҲͣģʲô˽Ķ˸

леţȻʶԼôվŷȥױ̺
˵űߣȴס
һΣĲӣ֡

ָָƽӴ뼡ϵȶѸٴ·ֱƤȥлڡһºˣѣȴʹл循һĲȣĻ

лۼֿ죬ͷסӵķ֣űֱҽĻС
ôڷӵϷؿαϣҲģȻץ֣ûֵĴ㣬Ŀƽʱͬ

лȫˣ󡢴󽫾
΢΢һЦ¡

л壺
Ҳ¸
άƣ뵽һһԡ
󽫾֮ǰ˵Ƿһʲô˼ 

ǰǷһҪصҪʵ룬̫ҽԺ

ˡл롣
Ǹûᡣ

Ǹ󽫾ҪĻܻܲģĲ̫ҽԺ

Ҫ̫ҽԺ
ӿķ˿ɢģŵƹȻḧ˸ķ˿ӯ˳һƥϵȵĹС

붼ҪֻҪˡ
ˣǾͳȫɡ

СصҪʲôҶӦ㡣

桢𣿡лһʱ̫˵ˣʲôԣ

΢ЦǣһжԸ

̫ˣл巢һǡȥʰؼңл󽫾󽫾꣡
˵һԾ𣬻ϲϲˡ

һڴʣŷŵƣｩӲһſ

ؼң
ʲôؼң




25.  ʮ   ʦǺ


²֪İһ˹, ˸Ҳ֮ǰ˵ǰ, һΪûء

ԴɫҪ֮Ȩ, 㿴ô

פرĽֻܾ, Ǿˮˮ
ӲͨĽ죬Ծ󽫾, үϽ¡
רξֿ, ûж˼Ϊڴˣûֻʱδ
˵Űİѱ, ûѱҪ, Ҳܲ
Ȼ, ûѱȻ͸ûôʹ죬ûôʵ

־ͷָ£ҿͦϵ, ԭȻΪ, ǲһ·ˡѹòãԭϲǸʽ, ǻȥԶ͹ȥ˵ǹﵹһѺѻѻĺͷҲϸ

ס, 㵫Щܸ˼ҾסôѱԴȵЩŮˣЩ£

ӦţԭΪǸµҪڻʲôµģһԱͽ˾ˡΪǰװôԭǱ˽Сģ֪һѱ¶ĿҲ£ʡĵ
ֵȻ˵ˣҪ˰¾Ϳʼɣһ֣Ȼǿϵġٺ٣λ󽫾ǵˣԷſֽţһˡ

ĪҪ˵̫硣Դųڣ۾󽫾ͷԽߣͷλԽ¡̫һǺ¡

*

ڶʱͷʹ
·ɽɶѾƽֲȾƵģҪȣһһ˾ܰȫſ¡

ӰŰѾˣȥҹ
䣬ԼˣѾ׵ͽƴǸţǼܴ󽫾Ǵж˹գغܻܿˮ

ӵͷĿġ
ֻȺͰվһܰϽµĸš
ֻʣһ£ʱ䲻ˡ

ɳȥг
ЩǷù˵ԼˣÿһǾǿɵ˵ûвĵĵЩģ©ʲôҪ顣
ʣҺ֮ǲʲô
лչҪҪл

ԺǵƬлƵĵƻӳɵĳͷ˳˿Уȫĵ
ΪõĻ棬֪ĿȴЩµûš

Ҫͬлʣ·ɽԱߵȥˣһҴܵʱ򣬾ͿŰӪ˵׼ؼҡ

ؼҡ
һ˷ӵĴԣһȫ

ǵģؼҡ

˵Ҫʲôԡ
˵Ҫؼҡ

ӣ

·ɽɺ࿴һۣ˸ŷôãûڷϿôӵɫƺŷŭʧԼڡ
ȥҪԼһԼһµӡ

·ɽ˵Ǿƻûأеشսӡ

ȥһֻס͸һľҾ

*

лտʼмսս
صҵͷ죬ÿÿе㶯Ǿ׽ȥ
ĵʮ죬·һĲӣ󽫾˵ǵˡ

ھǶͻȻң׷ʡ
л岻ҸԼߺˣֻ˵ûս£ӪȽУټ֮ǰһֱû壬ϹЪЪ

С罽ȥ
Ͼôˣô֣ûļ̡

лҽãһлš
ӦӦؼҴС𣬹úʹǰһ޶ȥӪӾһΡ

ֻżڵ¸СѵʱᱻƵƹǣ뵽һӵģ
Ŀ΢޹ͣһ˲ĮȻһůĻ⣬̲ס뿿

ҪʲôҶӦ㡣
һжԸ

˰ɣ
л΢΢³һ
üʹ󽫾Ҳûʳԡ

壬ڷʲôС۾ʡ

û˯лٲ˯͸ϲˡ

С᲻˯ԭ
ÿһεǱСʧߵסϲжڵӢۺַˣСԺ͸ʽų̯ƽĸϼһٱ

ڶСȻˣѾˡ
лϳһȥƴǡ
һ·ԹЩ˾ǰ˯㿴ͷ߸ˡǰ˸˵õģڳſڵңºãĩһˣȻǵȼˡ

Сл׼õͷţ̧ͷ˵ﲻԼߣ
ﱻҭһ¡

лˮСݹȥС𣬲ͳ˵
Сͷ˵ʵѽǴ

Ц⺢ӣƽ˴ǣôûһЩⲻ·ϿչȻһ˳ˡ

СͷţллԺԼɡѾˣչ˰ġ

лһϳһųһһС˵ԾЦˡ
СԹϱ飬ƤҲ죬ȳ˶Ȼöࡣ

ǳƴǽúܣû㵽˳ſڣ³δҵӰӣ˰٣˵еµˣͿظл˸ǡ
һ˵Ŀһֱлϴ

лմһȹûϵΧȹĳɳ裬ֱ󣬱úܣϣ¶ӯӯһյߣǷʤѩᡣ

ǵᣬŮ˵ᡣʢױŮУлؾûһۺԣֻҪϵڶۣ߱ѴŲ
һȪƵģԽԽ

ճЩˣʹš˶һѣߣȥɡ
Ӧţ·һ·СԵģлҪҪ
￴ôֺãлСȥݵʱ򣬰׼ǮһԣСǳԳԾˣôϸôҸ㰡ˣָʲôʱսˡ

绹Ǳ̯ϵл壬󲻾
ӴʮһϳĸҪ˵ƴҸùôôأ

ƴǵĹ˵ҾҵģƲƲ죬΢ӵģſھǶٶٲҪҪصģ˭ЩҪٵģֶЩ档ԽԽðã˵Ǹҽ޸ĸʡһǮ
û˵͸һǣ붼Ҫ룡ֻҪøҪƷò˲ţҾͲƴǵ˶Ϲۡ

ΪѹɤӣɤһúܣôѹҲޣл岻Ҳ˸߰˰ˣֻӢ
С𳤴֮ǰῼǼ˵£ҪޣҲܼ޸硣

Ǳһһȵʢ£ʮݵֶƼڴˣַŮ裬и󸻻Ϸˣ֮࣬ۻҡ
֮󣬱ʽ

᳡һ̨̨һͭ࣬ɵλ졣

ʱǰԴʱǰֻǽϸ̨ȴûȥǹźĹ颣Цݵһˡ

߼ϸȳͷڣǶһɫۣ̽Ӻݻִһ˿Ľý

л屧СվȺУȻеϲˡ
ǷӡǸͱʿһ㴩һ۵ķӣÿ춼ۉķӣǶѧҽֵķӡ

ȥˣңɼлʱһλһλү

ϸ̨ӹԴĹ颡
̨ǣΣŻַڵĲԭֻڡ

λǷӡ

̨´󲿷˶ϵΪҵݣһ̨µը˹

󽫾
󽫾
󽫾

ϮȫЩǰ壬Һйٸ˵ά

˹ȥӵֵ꣬˼һ׮Ҫ͸񡣡

Ц󽫾ʵǿˣд󽫾٣ǡ
»д׿֮ǣûлˣһѵĲϡ
뾪Уʱƽ˺һѹȥֵԼĸףŷָҲͬ˷ױƿ֮С
Ǵ󽫾ǵһڰǰ¶ױ̨ҲΪųʮ⣬û˿ģϾ֮ǰǺͬ˼˰Ѿǳ׵׵Լˡ
ֱһ̱ҸŷԼˣˡ

ˡԴϧھϻ˵ӣҲҪһֻǵЩٱһȫĺ

ԴѪ
ȦסⶼǷӵȦס֤Ȧ׵ն˷ӣӳ˱ãǸ˷ӵƿأֻҲѾ˷֮֡

лΧİһȫˡ
ֻģû뵽ĿĿ˴̼

·ɽױ̨ױ̧飬ȫǰϸӵ֤ɹĹԱ鿴·ɽԼչһݰ
ŽϣУʮˣԪΰٷ򳤣氲ӭսңսӣȫݡ飬ʵ˰ٰ籱ұҹϮӪŽϲսǷ֮£󱻰ɱճȥΪ
󻢣Уʮߣͨˡ
԰УʮģԽˡ


·ɽ㣬һʵһ
ǲ֪ԣͷӶ֮ÿ϶¶֮ɫ
ЩڰҸµˣƲкԩɱ
кȻһޣбԩ֮˵ļ˺ڳ޷֣ʹ޳

С̫Χʲô£ֻúˣе֣Ҳûֻ֣һһл˶ںڵ۾´
ȻŸоԼڷ
һ˲л塣

壿
̲ס
л˶ڷ۾ôģŸ̨ǸĶ
Сһֵֽл忴ǺǱүҪشĶ

лΣУʮһ꣬ǳˣԪҽĮһսΪ򵼣ʧ·ʧݣͨѹ֮Ϊɱ飬лƱƣϵݣܵвѰ·лξŭûݣɱлճȥΪʿ֮ܰ

·ɽɵƬϻصлͷص
л岻Ըκһ֣ǰÿһֶ̽

ճȥΪ
ʿ֮ܰ

ˮӿۿȹ̡

Сл壬ôˣ

Ҹˡл棬ֹҲֹסСҺø˰

Сͷ˵лΣҵ𣿡

лͷԣʦ

˵ʲôСǹСֿʼ𣿡

ǣǡл屧СҲ̲סСļϣʹ޳˵ʦǱԩ˵ʦǺˡ




26.  ʮ   Ѵ󽫾

ҵšͰϲ£, Ҿ˵лβӣ˭򶯵
緢㻹йǰŸʦүҲҪ̨˰ɣ
нͷӶ, ߵ, ԭ±ԣԽԽ, һԴ
·ɽƵװ׵ģⱻˡ
֪Աߵķһ̧, ˹ȥ

ž±·ɽ, ҵһͷۻ
ӡ·ɽίòС

ǹйãĪйߡ۾ɨԴ, ƷԱ, 滹Ҫġ

󽫾ֶ, ĳķڷԴҪֻδ͢˾㶨˰ĳ󽫾ֻ죬Ͳ˲Ŀⷴ, ֻ³ҽա

ָ֪ʲô
λö, ̫ӵ¡
̫žƽӹܲסͶ̥ڽĶ, һͱŽǿôƽԲовֵΪΣʮֲ͡
һֻھӪ, Ա㲻մ֣ȷʵһĿ⣬뱻λǣҲһԭ
һѾˣһζӣֻԼĺһƬǽ壬ٳոҰܣһ

Ǹٷ

ҸӱȥԱ뱱ڰϵѾ˵ЩûܴлһЩͲҸΪԸӶӯϲ֮£׷ΪӸ蹦̵¡
ӦֳϹǹ죬ӱȫȥ

ͷܶʮݵ˶ˣƥ˻ڡ
Զһһ޼ʵĲԭһ굱ʢڳζŷˮ
ԶһǸƵŮɽ嶥ϵĻѩԡ

Ӧÿˡ
һαװɲμ֣ӦϣһŰӡ
ǰǹĸĴ룬˵ļν˫ǹһѵ

͵ѵ

ջߵʱ򣬺غ񿴵һϤӡ
ӵɨȥ˺֮ȥѰл塣

ǺӦ
ʤѩڱ˵Ǽټķɫʵ˹Ŀ

ҿ϶Ϊʱֻþ
ۉʱϰԾҽӪԼеݵӰæµ
׷ͻʱ̲סһӺǲǲŸˡ
ٱʱҹ˯ʶԱ죬ܾúⲽʶ顣
ȻЩǴ
Ҳпǵۻ

ȻԶ죬ط·

µİջΪʲôμᣬԱַγУ˾Ϳ
ֻ٣ڸ̨Ͽ÷Щ˼ͬʱѣȺըʮ̻
׼ˣ˶ܼ֮ĶģǹǱ߲̤Ͳ֪˶٣һһƬĲݵؼȾˡ

һЩֵı˻ûüȥþӴֺܵûкһϳǵȿӲͦأǾʵʵն//רԸġ

ͬʱЩٱƣסǺ󳷣о֣ôûмѪ⣬ûмҡ
л屧СܵʱЩˤһӣһٱסæ˵л̧ͷȴֹٱȻǸˡ

ӦõӦõģлⲻӰɣ

л壺
ȻϷ档
ѹְԴʹЩٱȫ˷ӵˡ

ϵ軹ɻˣ
ͷ·ɽɿһӭǰоֻŵֻС鷳ͷڵ֡

ˣҪ
Ϸ淭ȥ

ŮɽӪ˶ĲǹٱкЩֺΧۿֵİգһӣ¶ȫװף˻оȥ

ǰǷӣ׷⣬ϵĽߴצ·Ҫڿն쳣ҫۡ
ŵһǹɫǹ£ʺӧſһӭչڵ׳棬ſĿ
ľ졣

һ֧񵶷оģǷһִ

ǰ嫿ʼػ񡣼жӵ˼ң׸ϼʱܴһճɵؼңɱõĸס

һЩֺͰյе׳ӶͣĽŲһ֮Ĵŵű׷һо

壬㷢ʲôϣ
緽·ԿһЩԼ˹ķȣʱĸ첲һ·񱼣ＸǽŲմأֻܻͷɤӺ

ϵʵ̫࣬ƴǾǷſţһʱҲ̲İա
⻹ҺſйٱָӣȻ˳ǡ

ܵٿҲûãſڻǱסˡл׷ˣС𽻸ҴСȥǣ
㣺ʱ򻹹ʲôҪ

д󽫾ڣûµġлһ

Ϊ볡Ÿ̯ͣӣǼܼ׵ԶԶͣһʯͷ棬֮󣬲֪ΪκȻóǽһ󾪺
󽫾мˣ

лһѸǿʯ
ԭƽ̹ս۵ס

ս֮Улһ۾ҵ˷ӡ
̫ҫۣҲ̫ĿеǹҲקµĹԣ˴ǣ򱱵ҾһԱ졣

ֳֳ֪˶֧Ϸܣȴһǰֱһǹ/ѣֱշɳȥ

£Ƶףؿ֧Ƭ½Ⱦˡ

ӣ
󽫾

ŷӵķȥʱսټϺЩԸ׳սˣҿָӣֻ֪˾Ϳսҳһࡣ

ʱҾѾң׼سɵǵǴӺðıһԼΪ˳ǹſڴǽġ

лж³ԯҲֱӷս
ȫ˲Ϣɣƽһӯȶƽˣ飬ԼҲֻȥۉһۉɢɢģû뵽ֱӴųǰ

磬ھͿˡ
лߵ

˻һˣһһˮս

лԼһ
ΧɱģңԶɱǸһˮ洫ɰӯһ硣

öλһ̣ŷ󡣵ʱѾռϷ磬˶һˣæԱϾһԼˣȻῳôţ꣬ڵ⽣Ӱļ϶пһںβ

׷⣡

ҵ׷ҵ˷ӣڵϣ׷ⲻסͷϲ䡣
һͨմҪлͻȻ룬Ȼһ

лòԣھӪżɱ֮ͨİսȻͬ
ΧҶССȦȴһİһȺͬմؽΧһСȦĻҸ

´󽫾л֫۶һ㣬ӼһѵϻմѪ֣ûзԼֵڲǡǷ´󽫾

ڵϣлһִӽǳҰָ˰ڣմ֣úãҪȴ󽫾죬Ѵ󽫾ߣ
˵űӵ򱱵˿ȥ

л룬ֻΪǵ˶˿ӡ

ǱսڰΰܣʱȴһĻԶһŵ֧ʸ֮ζüͷ壬˲԰

㰡
֣һѪϣѪմգӲͣ

ǣ￴
ǣİ塣
־壬ȴǿšʹȴ¶΢Цȴ޷˵Ϊסꡣ

ңˣ󽫾ߡ
лֻԼҰһʱһʱģŷԼˣˮҪǮƵػʣһһʪ˷ӵ½

ߴȥһû֪ĵطӵܵͣҪκ˿ҲҪҵϢκߣͽ
ȫϣΪԵÿڳݲ࣬壬˵ŵģֻˡ

󽫾ģһᱣģ
лĨᷢġ
ΪʦݶҪҲĸԸ

ʶҪģ֮ʣӸܵǰδеİ

ǵģ֪ᱣҵġ
ҡ
Ѿһˡ

磬磬ˣȥѿǡ

˵һ˿תת
ڳʧȥʶ֮ʱ΢Цŵġ

ԭһƥ




27.  ʮ   ˵ˣǸô

ӻλ, ߵðΰѣƺˣʲôʪʪġ
Ȼл, 󽫾, סҪסء

ӳ, Լһ򵥵ϣлŬ³, һ߶һ, ˮһſŵȫϡ

ôôܿް
ӵ

󽫾ˣ
лϻᣬѾ¶ϲĹ⡣

һ·̫ˡ

Ҳ֪ԼôѷӴսģһֻ˵, ÿÿб˳ʱ˰æΧ
һŻϡͿذѷӴ˳, ŷѲŸոտʼ

ϲ֦, ԶһѪֱ
˵лֻѪԴԴʪŵϯӡҪٲҵѪֻ¾Ҫˡ

ǵҽˣϾҵˣлĨĨ, մѪ, һĨͰԼĨ˴

֣þɳѪ, û֪ʵѪˮлϴͷϲĹâҫ۵úܣѪĨȥ֬
ȻĨ߰, ֬֬һЩǰ´ϸ֮Ķá
ⱲӶûܴѪ￴ָо

лֻĿЩɢԵú޹ƽʱɭȻͬ
һʧѪͷԻ˵

лʹ̵

һǣӵ˿ڣӷһ͵͵ʹȻعƵģץס֣ҪҪȥҽݡ

л弱ȥҽôУһҪ򰡣

ȥҽݡ˵һһ٣۾κ˿ҡ

۾ɭѹֻˣǰĿ԰лѹò̧ͷԹ
һл弱ÿˣУУģ

˭˵Ҳ򣿡΢Цһ£㲻Ǵô

л嵱סˡ
Ӵ
ˣ󽫾Ѿ˵־ˡ
ҽ󽫾

Ǵ㻹ǸܺõĴ򡣡ӵҵƲأֻǣ˾ˣֻҪѼ//ΪֹסѪͿԣ˵ѡ
ֻ˵ô仰ѾϢ˺üΡ

һõϢʾӴӪϵʱĴѾ볡ֻССһĴܵٿ컹Ǳһ֧˼򣬽²ųȬ

б۵´ؼףһҲҪնɱĴ롣
û뵽Ĵļ쳣ܴӼﴩȥ߹Լ壬ǰһսӹŹ˻һȴԶҲ޷ǰȥƴˡ

л廹ҡͷһҡͷˮһӿҲ˵ʲôֻſǻҲеģ󽫾Ĳеġ

вжУ˵κ˼ҡץ֣۾ҽҡǾ

л庬׼³
ӻסȥҽݵ˻ΪҲѾûˡ

лԹԲһһᡣ
̾˿

ʵûˣһ˵õͳ
лؿһ㣬ԭΪʲôҪӻ̧֣ӵ˵棬Ȼ۽ǡ

ĶĿרעл̲סס˺

ӵĺҲ΢΢ˡ
ǰ˼񣬻ӵ͸һ㵭죬Ų̫Լġ
촽ĺֱһЩ峿ҩ꣬ΪмֳСɵĴ΢΢ǵȥ

ʶԼʲô֮ӾԼҲе㷢ˡҪڿɲǸԳʱ
ջ֣ȥɡ

*

Ƕӽƴˣ˵ûзģ̤¼ˤ˵Ĳ˵ģͱĹײһ̾ǺüˣҽﾹΪ

æýŲմأлֻҪҽҩߣֵʡҽŮѶýл壬ֻϿ컹

лŶصϣӿųţ̲ס󽫾ҪŰɣʡһЩ

ӣãźý

һ飬˺ʵ̫ࡣ
ȷɢٰμȻϴ˿ڣҩ
˵Ļһ裬Ǿ·

ʮַлϼ֮е޲ߣȫ֪֡
㶵ӣ۾ԲԲ΢ҲԲԲģ̲ס˵˾䣺ôû˵ѣ
һԼŻعζðˡ

лʵصͷûСֻѹСģСӵģֻмϵ

ѾеȴĪеãȰˡ

л˵ʵǲ֪ôͷĶҲš
ʱ䵢󲻵ãǴŵˡ
Խ⿪ԽⲻڷӵȥӵϢˣһҧԼʹˣһۣʲôʱˣ棿

лϸͻһ﷢һ˿ζһ˿ԼûֵЦ⡣
лĸңһ뵽Լֻϰ̶һҽʹ﷢Ѷ⣬ʮھΣ󽫾Բ𣡡

ûй㡣΢΢ϢҪԺ档

л˵û棬ûʲôģˡ
׾͸鷳ˣûѡ
жײ£ƽʱҲҪױЭʱûˣֻܿͷл壬иСԣ£
һ˵ѪҺһ£Ϊлϰȫˡ
мͷۻÿ죬Ѫñ죬ʧѪ࣬лڰ׽ӳһ
ٸôȥֻҪǰʧѪ

ಢһ磬أΪлϾҪˡ
ֻʣһ㣬Ҫ̻
ʲôԼӣӳôˣԣûʲôýŵģҪл度ߣƤһ

ûѰ˼꣬½㱻лĶֿ졣

һ
ӱ
Ф˶ٴΣܽô

лܸлӵûǰ㸴ӣϵһ㳶ˣӵƬ¶˳öƤ֮УѪСȫȾ졣

󽫾оΣɢûЧ𣿡
л̧ͷʡ
ȻŷַԭʧѪ԰׵ײ֪ι͸һ죬·ҪѪ
лһ˵ڻع֮ⷵʱˣжݵĺ棬űԪľҽ

󡢴󽫾лͷˣ㡢ôͷôҿ԰𣿡

ΰɡӶųԼ̵գǰɢöˣûʲôá

лҪˣôУ

̽һõĴӦ侲һͬʣܶͿޱӡһ룬Լиֻ̣»ȥһ㣬ģӲ˵ġ

лˣһθ˰μȻڶԷѵ״̬¡ΡΡǯӼס˶ϼֻһ˿ڴѪøˣҲһƺߣץס˳ܡ
л˶ڲٶ

ҧҧһΣ

أлγ˼ء

һײڳϣֱֱɫɲǼ԰¡
ӲûзҽС
Ϣţл壬ͼЦһЦ㲻ǰεͦ˵ˣеġ

лؿֻôһ£ͷͱ亹ʪ͸ˣͷȫʪġ
ɲǼİοͬʱԼҲһ亹ڸʲôǴǲˣ˿ų˲ܵʹ࣬Ҫģ

лһס˫֣󽫾̡
ɣʣö˳

ʹܳܵļޣʧȥشҲסᵹ

󽫾
лһѷס
۾Ѿˣ촽΢΢˶

лæѶչȥ
ΪʲôҪȻǣ򸣬˵ǣɰ˵ˣǸô
һѾᵽ΢΢

*

ٴ۾ʱѾˡ
ڴϣϸű޲ıֲڣõþˣʮɢű̫ɹķҷ

ƿޱԼǰļѾˣ˿ڹһһ㣬ʵǸһס
ҽһĴһѰֻβҽȴҪѧʡҩʡϣΪսҩĻɴﶼޡ
˱Ӫл˿ڣٵҩ̶ȵؼ˱ʹ
ԭһʼҲ㱿ģ˿ڣܸһֻڹǡ

ϣΪؼ׵ıļ˲Ǻʱ۹ۣ̫ж


һʮּ򵥵Сݣûû˿û磬мļҾߣÿһõøɸɾӴ͸ϷŹ⡣
ϸŴִɲΧżֻ豭Щڿʣƿ
ЩеΪѴʱ壬СڡΪԼʮó

ո´ʱһںĵͺ𣬳塣

ԷĽ䣬һֻǹſڵϣ졣
ǹؿһֻèŵצӣǹһý䱸




28.  ʮ   ϱ

´һ, ǹ죬ڵԽۡ
ֻèҲ, һ빷ֿеģ

, һ۵˵Ҫ

, ȴһè빷Ȼĺ, Ծż

̽ſڣС𣿡

⾲˾, һСкſڣһżһ˲˲ؿСȴý, ý

΢Цˡ
û´ǰļҡ

ռƻ, źõױ֪ش뿪ս, Ȼлĵ˸õѡ񡪡ֻҪģױȥмѰл֮ʡ
˭Ҳ뵽ǳǵһլл֮ǰ, Լû뵽

ʦأ
ӵ, һᾹûᶯ
һǲģȷʵеһʹǰ˿ڱ㳶ۡ
ͣ΢΢һ, ȻͼСӣƲƲ졣

ӣ
ĵı᲻̫һ㣿
ǱһСƨˣ

΢һ, Լ˱衣
ؿȻţһ򶨣ʮִݡ

СǱĵıˣ컹ǽţ֪ô͸һӲζ

ʦأһ飬ȥˣ
ȥˡС鲻Ըش

ȥʲô

СûذһۣΪ˸ҩҵļױȥˡ

һ
ʮȻÿûǮϳԹͷûζۿⷿݰС򵥣ҲֻǾü£ɽҰ֮ǲס
ңлÿڴ˼䴩æµϰһСӶԵÿɰ

ǵ˴˿̲뵽βҪǮģҩҲҪǮģһͶҪǮġ

СأĹĵأǿǰıͷԲϵʱҲûҪģŷӣأߣ

С̫ˡ
ΪˣȻˡ
Ȼȥˣ֮ǰѾ޺ü٣ΪҲˡ
û뵽һͷּһˣ廹˵ȥҪԹڼңˡ

СԭΪ˻е㲻˼˵Լߣ֪˵ͷ˼һȻͷһЦԲסСĪԺҪϰЩȷʵ̫ˡ

С𣺡
С𣺡
СⱲӶûмôƤ

СҪըʱͷ
һĸɤԺӴӴôණôˣ𣿡

ûûУСԡ

лһ˿Ц⸡ϡ
ʵܲѣһͻᷢõҲʵţһСܳԶٶ

Ǳ߸˵ȻСŶ󣬳Եࣿ

ͷˣҾͶЩл֧֧ᣬĶӣСڵңæɡ

ӴȥԿһƬССԺ䣬ԺһøߴѾ˹ʵҶƬ̫⡣
лϵ£è͹ӭȥΧűߴתβͿҡͣˣèиͣ
лèǹԲԣû͸СƵģ÷뵽׷ϴʱҲ㡣ĵʱһֶིЩ൹˵Ļ
ӾͰˮȣȻˮϴ˰̫ɹͨ죬ˮȥĽڹ֯ϣˮֹʪһ½

ӺȻٿˣջߡ
ȻͼСŭضСܵǰſ˫ۣҪסߣͬʱҪҵϱģ

ȻС㣬Ŷ󣿾֪Ҫϱˣ

ߣ˵ģҳϱ

лһţľһ䡣
ʱһĻš
ʦ˵һЦѧСС֪ؾͼסˡ
ס˱ס˰ɣô˴󽫾ǰҺֻ˵ˣҲ֪û˵ġ

սľذС󣺡ȴүĪ֣С˵˵һʶ
û˵꣬ͷַӵüͷ

үӿһ˿ãôô

л壺
ǲȻʲôҪݣܲٽС󽫾

ߣүСлѣл󣬳˸

ӲûͬСӴ򽻵ľ飬ΪȥĸһλСȻûмλСãȴ˶СӶ˷⣬СӶǿɰġ
ʱȴԼˣеСӶɰǰ

󽫾þɳɱͷһ㣬ҲС̰һ⣺ذߣǻˡ

˵ҲǽҪԹԵ𣿡лСڻһһ̵λǺˣǺܺúܺõˣҪúչ֪𣿡

л棬СҲֻ̫ᣬ죬§סлĲӣԴлļϣһʣһ濴ŷӣգգ۾Եĵ⣬һߡ
ҵġ

Դ϶⼸֣֪رһ˸硣
ԭѰ£ֻһ͵ǣ˿ڣһȻľʹЩ˲סıӣˮԼһ

󽫾лѿڶҪС֪СצƵϣװģŻúõģԼˮˡ

л𣡡л̧һҲǸ߹Ҫúչ˲ˣúأôԼˮ

ȫһУСήˣԹɿ֣Ҷ졣

лŷ£ǰ˿ڣֻź˳˳ɫҡҡ׹Ҳŵɫףô

ͷεúܡӿȥޱͷؿлϡ

лĻŵúܣ˿ڵĻָʱҽλҪҪ˿ڱѣû취ǵ򲻿ɡ
ȫûע⵽ӳСķգգۡ

СԭʵʵվţĿɿڴ۾ϴָŷӵ壬װģ

л𣡡л嵱ˣԼȥ

С޺޵ص˷һۣĨˡ

ƽͷһ۸Сӣ۸˲Щķ֡
лһֻֽ§һֻֿڵϣͷл廳ǰлһ˵ĺζǻ⡢ݺҩ㣬㣬ޣֻдս˲ŵõ
˾ʲôı㲻ôҪˡ

أıһǽӶ˺ü硣
ǰ˿ܲҵڣһ˿ѪӺɴ͸˳
⵹ˣֿµĸоۿڷ̷ͣˮۡ
Ҫ

лֻ̼֮ۿ죬ۿѾҪˡ
ٿڽתƵèȻʲôԵȥ

èĲ鲻ԸءһԾϴӣȥ

лʵ󽫾ǲǶè

ʲôǿͣҲлǰ޳ǰԵ
ôֻǹ׳ඣ

˿ʹҪʱ˿̣ӻЦ




29.  ʮ   컯յ

лæҵذѷӷϴ
ɴȻ˿ڱ, ֮ǰѾֹסѪˮӿɢԭŵĽҩ
лæ¸ҩѪԴԴ, ҩת˲ֱɢˡ

лɫף, Ҳһ

ְ̧סļ, ʣл壬Եǵ˭ȡģ

лԽһʱЩ, ֪ͬʲôϵֻ˳૴𣺡ȡġ

ôȡ֣ӵ̾Ϣ, ΣĻǸˣ尡, 㺦Һÿࡣ

뵽ģԸ, ôڼﱸˣ
֮, ôϲˣ

ȷЦԽˣԳһЦơ
һеϲţоǺܺá
ȫ¶ůˮ, ů, ؿڵʹˡ

л忴Цݣȫˡ
ָؼҡȴè˿ڱ
ʲô£
, ˿ڶѳˣΪʲôЦó
Ī˵ӣ

Σǿ̲ݻ, лȥ򡣡
ͱסȰʱվڸ̨ϣվýЩƼ˲֪ʲôֻ˵ҼݣһûȥĴӦû¡ 
żţٷɿ죬˵ߣȴû֣üͷȻ͵͵طһʹ

ԲԲԲ𣡡л̻ȥֻּţȦˡ

ͨۿʪӣûɵһ·޾ֹȥСˣʲô

лĿ޳ˣһѪС˰

ȰֹѪӵ
л־ҡͷֹֹס

ҿԺӣһȡĤǶֹѪá

лҲûãŲ񵶱ȥӣȡĤ
δֹѪķĤȥѪȻֹסˣһ¶ϲЦݣ󽫾ԭҽ

ҶʲôҽԳʧѪĲ԰ףҲмƣòҽѪˣȻ֪һЩֹѪķӡ

⻰ĲʲôлȴЦˡ

ӵοűһƬʵÿһŽʵǿ͵ļ⡣лҽ۹⿴ʵһʮ塪ǿ׳ļӰĶٶȣֻǡôļܼǿɡ
ˣҲˡ

ϱ鲼ָ˺ۣСǳЩһ֪Զ̺Ѿףеһ֪ǽЩ£̺зɫ
Ŀһں̶߱һ㣬տȫòһֱҸ£һ㼸г룬ʱմѪԵɲ

ôע⵽лֱ㶵½ȴл׽סлȱ𶯣һ
˵⻰ʮºͣһֲ˷ƶ뷽ſߴߴģȻͬ

ӸԸΪˣμǸ嵽ǰİ嶼ģ
ᣬᶨ޷ˣɡ

лˮòϵѪҲմѪһҪ
棬Ӳ룬ȴЩɲסˡ

ԼŪXʰĶʮᣬٶȱҲ֪Լļʱˣһ㲼ҲԸоָ״
δйһɴشԺð߬ȭͷŲȥ˼롣
ʱлĿ

ӣ
һѰס֣֮һǣ˿ڣҲ˲ˣ𾪡
ĵӣô
컯յ

尡ôԺһ˵һѾˣҼҵĴˣһ

л壺
ԺСúܣʮľ룬ת۾ҪţȥŶˡ
һţﲻɱսˣԵŷӵ䣬ͷֱֻѪڣǵĤֹסѪۿҪ´˿ʳ

岻ڡСƵأԼǰż档
ôˣǲŻ𣿡

ĴûˣȥסС˵ţֲһ䣬Һ׳ҡ
׳ءһʾһԼĴڸС

¹׳ߴ׳һɤ˱ᣬУӴӴ˵˶ٻˣСӲҪ湷ҧ˵ģ

С棺ҧҡ

ûĻش𣬿ˡ

лһŷŽǻһ
Сˡ
ȻŷµΪ졪ץŷӵĿץ֣˽ֲ£ǶԵϷŮŮӡ

лһ飬Ʊһջ֣ҡѪ롢㻻һ

ӵ͸źɣ治Ϊɫԡ֣
أ뵽һ⣬壬ҵѣ㻻ģ

лͷ˵Ȼأֲܼˡ
һ֣Ȼæ󽫾ģܴ̹ҵģҽ߸ĸģһҪķ٣ҽ߿ͬԼŮûŮ֮֡ǧҪϡ
İҾԲΪͲģϾⱲֻȢҶġ

΢΢ۡ
ѧҽĺô𣿳˶˳Ͽ̹

лֵʦģſеСˣ¼ȨֻȽ͡Ѿѣ͸

лһţһӲˡ
ͷһֻץҩ·
СżϾ죬Ĺĵģл𿪰¶ѣ۾ˣյǰ尢壬Ǹҵ𣿡

үġлСͷǮٸСòã

СͶʱøˣ壬ƫģ

һͯúܣ֪ؾײ˷ӵȥһлСһڴϡ
ƫˣôţ

л屧ѽüҶ͸һ˿
ҡҡͷԼЩ󽫾ɭ䲻ˣôܻᵴһŵͷۻˡ

ϰɣ
һлԼۻúˡ
ΪȻЩ졣
Щ챾ԣΪʧѪɫ԰ף֬Ƶģ۵úܡ

ˡǱȾƵģҲİԼͿԡ

壡СԹغҪ

֪лһӦţһӸˣȻС˽棬ŴүƤʲô¾ͽҡ
ӵʲô¾ͷԸССʵܹԵġ

лȥˣڱֻʣһһС
СԾĹĵģȻԷôô˳ۡ
ٿϵѣ͸˳ˡ

ѣ
ף

ӺϾСѺÿô
Сת˸ƨɶŷӡ

Ҳ֪ԼôˣªСڣ֪ؾʰԣģǺÿġùơ

С϶䡣

֪üӵ˰Ľˣǰʲô¾ͷԸ㰡ҪǲãҾͺˡ

Сţϵһӡ

СҪھӪҪ԰ӵ֪֪˵ﲢƽϡǱʩ𱰡
һʲô򵥴ʲôȴǵ뿴лʲôѡ
Ծأһ¡
ŷԼȻ£ȻŴôаζ˵մ˿ȿȣҲǵЩźá

Ӧϸ޵ģͦǲɫ
ԭϲɫ

СŴϵˣۺÿˮҪˡ

ӿ˰գ˰գѾܻϲȴӲ㣬С۲úܣ㶺С㿴ѺòÿҺòã




30.  ʮ   壬ļױأ

лڳæµ, СȻܽһסȣ۴, ޵ҲҪѣҪѣ

Сһµú, ǺҪʲôֻҪл˵, ͻ⻹лһμСҪ
ֱסСǹüʡú, ˵ѶʦʦľѸĵģһ£, ȥ򡣡

С޹ޣһ£ʵǻǮ𣿡
л, Ҫû, ʲôȥ򣿡
С, §лĲҭš

Ȼͬʱŵһζл塰һæɿСȥĲˣСȥ롣

лҵĵһٷʮ̵ӡ
лΪչĲ, ׼, Ҳֱ治ֻʢķֱʲôǿʮƣȫǺںһ, ֮ͬҲд죬д̡
Ҳʮƣȫ͸һɺζҩζ

кζҲ̫ϡ, ҩζ˵ȥˡ̲סʵ壬ҵҩͲһ𣿡

ûУҩ¯ϼţȳԷ˷ٳҩл˵ţЮˣ峴ֹѪȵġǵѪġ޲ŹǣҲȵģʹŧ˿ǻγɽҩ̱ܲŶǻȡ˿֮»ᷢգһҪһЩܾ

ӿԼðĲ˼⣬˳˼
޲ҲͰˣΪʲôֶˣ
ǳԲ˻ǳҩ

ίһЩڣ壬㲻ȫΪ룬СҲúúóԷرС𣬻ڳ塱
û˵꣬ͼСЮһӲ˵ɽٰһڷȫ̶ƽл¶һЦòϲˣ

ӣ
ɶ
䵽

лСͷ͸ǳǳϲԼƣȻһ˫ŷӣѻ˵ꡣ

ӵµĻȻ˵ˡ
Ķͷһ㱡ϸĶʪˣżǻġ
ȣ࣬˾׼ôģ

û£ԷӾһƷ΢ЩŹǣЮлЮһ鵽С

Сɲؽһⷭȥؿ˰죬ûʲôա
ٿ˴һǣٶȿƣ²Ҳ÷ɿ죬˸ɵȻ졣

ΪӵлʮοСԷʱҪˮȥȡҩ
һ뿪˫Ӷͣ
ӰſĶȥС𣺡һֱǳĶģ

СӾ͸Լ˰뱭ˮʮֲɣ̾˿ǵġ
˵ǰҲ֪ԼԵĵʲôֱĳһҲһֻȳԡ

ˡļ硣
ҲǡС

лʱ򿴵ľһĻжʱο
Ȼָ󽫾չСӣҲָһСܰչ˴󽫾ֻҪദǾٺòˡ

ҪԼӡСл塣
úúãлС˳㡣

СЦţӵү֪𣿰ԼҲϲԼӵģøҳԣΪϲҡ

ƤЦⲻЦЮ˸ĨڵļצӸҪЩ
СݺЮһӣǲˣҲҪЩ

л壺
˵õĺأ

Եѵģϻવ˲١
л޿̣һ棺úóԷ

һһСʱȻԹ԰Ƿ

лӱϾŴ󽫾ӣҲ֪ԼĶĵӾȻһСһ֮£Ļ˵ˡ
˰ˣԼ˵˰ɡ

*

һٷӺҩʱ򶼾ҩζ
ٿʮִûν׵ζ

лӹҩ룬ˮڡЩ󽫾ҩʣ֮ú˯һ˯˱㲻ˡ
˵űΪ̺˴ӣһҲմѪգѾˡ

˵ģССģҪͷ˵ʲô
ˣֻϸǴ˿һ
ȻĪȺʿΪʲôܰҽӪܡܺĹһӣҲǺİɣ

»ı֬ɫģ滹һ֦һ֮ǰûӦʱȻһʵ
壬ӻסô

šлѾߵűߣֻվڴߣӽֻƼӰ΢΢ͷȻͣڱϡ
پ
֮ǰǴ°ɫĵˣһ֬ɫһ˸ʵףæͷˣæۻҡϸһ

ˡӾܾõ죬ʵļױʲô
ʵʵǣıӣǲļױ
ϸѡϲϣϲĻϴɹɾɽղŮҵڴĳһȥ˵ļУȡͬסһ˫ԧ죿

л屻ʵһ㶣ʲôױ

С˵Ѽױˡӻعʲô

󽫾СӵĻͲҪˡлʧЦʲôױǣһʦҵǻվˣ÷ϡ
˵úɵӣվڴǰսĹ⣬ë׵޷յ΢΢ŽɫĹ⡣

ӺԼʱĸܣֻıúе㷢ˡ

ҵ·أʡ

ϴˣںͷҪ𣿡л岻ǰԺ¸˿̫رСԺ룬һ۾Ƴԡ

ӵѵˣȡ

лȡڷʱֻûÿŷֳúܣǴȻǴģϻһ֬İ񣬽ǽƵ̣οյ񻨡

ǰ˵໹Ǿòףѻƽȡл壺˰ɡ

лϳȥѾʣ࣬ӵּ貹ҩƽʱл˫ֽӹǡ

ǵȰұˣЩѡ

л㶣˾һҪٵöǮһˣǾùֳ̫ۣױ׷鵽
л̲סʵ󽫾˵Ǹͽ˭

Ҳ֪̾һ֪ܿˡ

*

֪ҩã˺󱾾ƣһ˯˰ѡ
־Ҳģģ˵ƮʱɳɳԼ

ӼǲԼǷйݵٵһ̣ʲôҲȥ롣ѰԼĥ³һѽѪ˪һǾԵ

ҪȥС
Уү˯ǰ塣

ڴ¶һǳЦ⣬ֻҲͦõģܰο

ҾͿһۣҾ͸
Ŷܳˡ

ҲĵģĵġС˵űһЦлͺȣС𣡡

СѾŽˡ
һѡǿѰɣʵֻһüĲʹѵ
Сһϲŵģ͸ˣ쿴ҵѣ

꣬С֡л׷˽ȥС졣
СֵѳصߣҵѲģǰģҪѣ˵˰ɣϱ

лæⲻǣԲԲСӲ£ʹȥ˯

ȫûл˵ʲô۾ֻСǿ鲼
лæȥ
ŮӴûһҪԼѵģ˿л廹мֲ죺壬㻹ѣ

ʦѧģòáϾ򲼻ԼɱֱҪ˵ö࣬ʡ²÷ĹǮƽռҵŮӱرա

ŲǣС°̵ø߸ߵģպأҵѶǰģ

ӿСŵǼѳΣԼ

Ѳ֪ΪʲôͻȻͲˡ




31.  ʮһ   СӲҪ˵

лֻᶨ, ҲЩ㱣˸Ƶģʮֲ, ŵ, Ķͷ
һȥ;һȣȻˡ

, ˺ķնأȥ˱ܼһ, ȥ·һ

лץҩʱʴ֮򽻴ò˺ҩ, ע⽵ɢȣ֮Ϥֻ֮ܿ˵־Ӳ

ү, лôڿҪҪȵˮϵҩ, һ͸

мֻجج, ȷʵֿڸͷ
ֱֱСϵĲϣӲ֪ؾֻʣһ仰ҲҪѡ
ֻʹͷԷ֮ʣҲʵ˵, ֻѰһ, ˵˱дү

ڳҲмֺ˵, мֱԹ˼
лûмķӣоһС

һΪԼ治뷨ӿ˸ͷһϣӲ֮󲻼ǵԼʲôģ, ⵽ʱɱڵͷ
ǽʲô

Сӿڳݲ壬ӡ

־лʮӣлҲ˵ڣֻøһĻҽһ硯ɡ

ӹ漸䣬ƺЩܱȴү˳ЩҲûٷԡССĵص˱ˮлӹ͵Ӵߣ磬ˮ

СԹԺˮӣе棺ˣûҳܰ
лҲʵӡѰ˳ԼֻڴûȻСĪ

ڣǷҲסˡ֪޾ֻһζȣȫ̵ˡ
л岻ͣš£ƫƫļȣմľˮŲƬ̾ͱ̡һϾˮһһ裬ܼһ⡣

˿µҲָ£һתΪŧҲѾȡ

лιҩáҩһҹҺۣʵ˾ͿڴһҪƬ̱һȻѾ̣ûˡ

յڶϵʱʼ˵
лΪ/Ϊ˵ЩʲôæѶյȥֻö϶ֻƬҪĸײҪҲҪߡ

ֻص˾Ĵ죬ڴϣȲֹȫܵľʹһֲʱսκ·𱻸ֶ֮ܽ߱ߡ

ˣɣ˹Ӧǵ
ĸ׵ǸźԶصķſͷ졣

ְϤΪĸ׾¡
ȻˣĪҪ˵긣ǻʼǻӣȥ˶Ȼϵġ⹬ͷбºͻʺͷĻӹҵ誶꣬ôǺã

ĸֵ͵໰ŻһЩô꣬Ȼ֪Ǹˡǻʺּ⣬˵㣬Ҳ˵֡İɣһ˶ȥŵģ

ӱڴϣãоõĸ߹ס֣úӣȹסգһ취ӻһ
Ϥʪȴϣĸ׵ˮ

ҪĸײҪҲҪߡ
ʹȺ;صӵ־Ҳ;صȫ;ŷߺȴҲԺ޵ĶԨһ⣬Ҫȴ費һ˿ֻޱߵл١

ߣߣǲߡ
һߵ
ºͣģģͷϸ꣬ءĶڶͷϣǸȵһȴ͸һ˿΢硣

£߾ͲߣһֱлýʪĲַᡣ
֪μʲô˿̵ĺӣǱ۵ģ־塢ŭ;Ǵֳ

ֽ߬ȭͷָڷסл̫ǣ˿ڣͼϷס
ڼձߣչ̣Сָ˲䣺ҲҪĸײñ۸ĸס
ָоһʪȣǷӵ۽߳һᣬմϡ

¥˵˶˵츳սתСսͨգܻʵ۳谮˵ʵΪΣԲŻȥһλŮ˱ػ

ֻԴ󽫾ķȤ˵˻᲻䷳ӾÿһսۣٻἰλŮĸףһǾǴ󽫾Ķ̴˵ǶԴ󽫾ǶԴʵڲȤ

лСʮּ򵥣Ҳ󲻳ʹʲôģڻʹͷʲôΣķӣ룬ʹҲδʲôõطɡ

ҪлߣҪſԱĸ׶Բԣ

ãһ쳣˳л弸Ϊ°˯ˣҪĳ֣һսˣ͵۾
лΪˣҪϲֻն૵ҲߣǻΪĸ׵ġ

ԭǺͿŰ
£л̾˿¡Ҳǣһᱣġ

ҡؿл壬ˣһֱڱҡ

˯ɡлḧͷպС˯˯һͺˡ

ر۾һ˯ˣһͨ嶼һ󺹣˿ʪ͸ˡ

лֻ˵һ䡰ӡⳡǲһձˡ
ȻлΪºʪ֮ĶͷЩ⣬Ѿǰˡ

*

һ۵ʱ򣬿ҵ⡣
γεˮ֮һжϴùҫۡ
лſڴϣͷЩңԵë׵ġϡϣǽϴ˺ܶܶ飬˶Ҫڹ

Ӳ֪Լ˺ѣеĻþľлڷ⡣

лһָֻϣֻֻ֡ϸСɣֻʳָϺһŴˮ

ûȷӿøЩлѾǳио˶̧ͷײ˷ӵߡ
ӵӺȳ˵ҪЩüëͷҲǣ֪ǲԭרעĳʱԵüΪ㣬˼ѹȸС

ʱлǸоϤѹȸУʱˡ
²ҹһ˲оĲۣһֽӽڿķɣһ˿ǻүˡ

Īɵˣųĸգӵеɳƣȴů˳ޱȣ˵泩һ˿ССۣҶˣ㻹ʲô
̧ȥлһᣬֻ롪ÿɰϲҡ
ֺÿۣôϲز

ûлȻסԼԼĶû뵽Լޡ
Ӧϲɣ

ڹȥҹֻһŹȥûסûһ̲ȥ
˴ֻƻļƻֻסһ˲ֺȥҴ
ѭ챻ˡ

Լ־йһظǿѹֹֹסһĨһʣúܣҡȥҩ

塣
ں滽ס˼ֻšһ

ӿıӰվڹˣ·ҪΪһ塣
лл㡣

л֣أĨĨƽһ£һתʩһ񣺡⻰˵лл󽫾ллΪʦϴʦס

ǱҵΪġ˵һ¡
Ϊʼǹů·Ҫп֪ԼĿжᣬܾ˵һЩ׵ġ˭˵ĻҪ˵ʲôԼȫ޾飬ǻȻںͷ˰죬ָôˣ

л忴˿ԼʳָϵˮݣŶû£ҩʱСһ¡
˵赭д÷Ӳ֪ؾͶһǴ򣬿֪ôΣ

лһЩӲˣǰҽ飬ҲϤúܣƸࡣûˡưء⼸ζҩС
˵ŷ֣ԼЩҽ龹Ҳûױ

ӵͷȥɡ
˵ţֲԼ£ѵҩ

л죬Ȼ飬ûĻ᣺Ǿ

лԹ
⼸ζȽⶾҩܶԷӵ֢򣬼ﶼֳɵģǺܷ㡣

ҩʱ򣬷ϺҩָŽӹҩ롣
С˳ӣҲ֪Ӳֻһͷţ

üú˵ʱʵͦɰġ
š

Ȼ䣬Сͱͷֵ߽ĲԸ㶼˯ҹˣˣ˯˰ɣ

ӣ
ɰ

лҪ˵ͼӵһͨ졣

л壺
죬Ҫɣ




32.  ʮ   Һ´

, л度µûз
һȥӵȶˣֻҪСĽá

һ, СǴӿࡣһ׷˵ò, ڻҩʱ򣬿˷һ˰̡

ÿһ˺۶˾ηͺ, ˰óۣͱ˲һ

һӣֻһűӳԳԡ

лӻҩʱ, СһҪڴǰŵˮҩɴʲô, Ȼʣôģ
ָǷӼͷһڴİ̺ۡ

ӸշҩЩγ˯ڴ𣺡Ǻüǰ, ұͱһǹ

С۾ȫŵԲԲģ̣

, ǰɡ

лƳ˯, С˸ơ
С˺üڿˮ̻ûסָǵİ̺ۣôģ

ӱ, Ȼл峯ǵ̿һۡ
һӵ÷ɿ, ֻ۽ȩ̈һ£תִȥרҩ
Ǵ, ̷š

ڿ֮սµġӵʱҪȥһˣôһ

, СֻȭͷյýģǾ̾

лһۡ
ֹһע⵽˰̣ȻһֱûʣԼˣǲһԣҩֶһ

壿ʣʲôأ

лȷʵˣ૵ֵ𣿡

ǳս˵˿ڣһ˵ǲὲ󽫾նɱ嫵Ĺ£Ǿͱ뷹ˡ

˵ʱʵ۱嫳˳ݣҾ֮У׼Ǽ׷Ŵ׷ʵ۶ףֻʣһˣһҪն¡
ӱںճһǹͱ˸Դ
˵ϸڣֱǹ嫴֮ࡣ

л嵱ʱʱҲһֻ֪̾󽫾Զݣңȴ֪еĺպսȫġ

˵赭дһﲻһ仰
֧˾ѾѰǰδһаģ

⻰˵лͻعˣȻͲҧԼͷ˵ʲôľĸףȱ£˵Т˫ȫһҲһֱΪ̡

ֵ𣿡
ظһ飬Ȼ˺ܶ¡
ĸײʱϰܵǰ̱ײ÷һأ󸸻ʾȾĸףȴһɻ󣺡ĸ˭
ݽѵĪΪԼǸӱ֪⹬ȱľǻˣһ࣬һ١

ܷ˯ûΰѼ俴ĸڴߴᣬ̾Ϣ˵Ҫû⺢ӣӻ಻ⲽء
ĸֻǿޣûз

ֵֵãͷβֻһ·
ҪôâɵػţҪôϢȥ

ȥһѾ˾ϡ
նɱ嫣߽̫ƽǧգٺòڵ£Ҳоȼ֮ɱĸڹеĺ١

˵⻰ʱɵģл忴۵׵Ĳã˫ڼᶨӺһƬնҪһֱȥĵطž·ޱߵʹ

Ҳлеůϧ񿴵ĵطĿͬ峿⣬ų볯¶һϴʹ


ػһ䣬ʶ̧֣ȥһ

һֻС쵽ǰж˵ߣСɵأڸ


ӷСʵЩġ

*

Ϊ÷տлÿٰҩ֮⣬ҪҩţͼӸһٵġ

ϵؾܾҲ̫ˣܲסġ

ллģܵסġ

ӣ
ܲס

ֻ˸һһҹġ

л˹һӳ磬ͷҼ˻εΣ

룺ܺãٿ԰ѡ硱еú˳ˡ
ѡָĳɡ㡱Ǳˡ

Ҳˣܹ治ɫغһѼҩ˻˵һ䣺ζá

л΢Ц͵ƻƣӺһˮ⡣
εееζлһЦӱ綼˳

ֻЦݣٺһҲ޷ˡ

֪л忴ЩĻϲͿжЩĻϲһġֻҪԵ£ܳϣͿԿˡ
ȵӪǴ󹦸ɣҲǱһ顣

лˮһšòݸӡ
ЩԭҪܾˡԽദлԽַͬ˲һӪ֮в㼶һУξҪָʹ˸ϴˮġ

ͷշЩеЩӴԼЩҩйѾɴ󲿷ˡ
ϴ֮лɺãһˮߣҹڿʲ´

ϸСģ÷ͷһȡֻ뽫ʱһЩһЩö˵仰ֻ߶æµҲС

塱СǱﴫáˡûС

﷭˸İۡСÿյͺһ̲

л峯Ӧţתʷӣ͸Ϩưɣ
Ѿ͵ƣƹӳССĻͷ˸Ӵڼϣ⻬
ӵָޱؼǵǷ˿ȥʲôоǵıɢʲôģ

һ̵Ǻ˵Ǻܿϧ̫ܿˣ˿ϵ̫죬ȫû˵ɣֻǿȵס

лҪƵʱ򣬴ⶸȻһףлһ˳һ㣬оһźڰ
ڰһ͵͵ľлģǷӵġ
һ˲л͸оԼֱסˣͳٷɿ죺ô

ûСϣûϣݳ󣬡磬û°ɣ

Ÿо˿ʹһϲ˶һΡ
лæס
Ӹо֧ԼǼŵϺŵζһ

һףõˮ£ѩ׵ĵһ˲Ҳ˷ӵӡ

ûɣԴɡ

лµ˵ƣѷӷϡ
˹ͷƵĿϣͷ΢΢ƣǲʤ

Ҫ֪λүŰμصʹʱҲҪӲŵˣʱȻ¶ģлһŽôˣ˿ʹ𣿡

塪ǱСڻˡ

лûпջһֻ鿴ӵ˿ڡס䣬Ҫ˵ˣ㲻ЦҰɣ

лҡͷȻᣡ

óϿҡ档úƭ
ӼҪķˣܲס̰۾Һ´ס

л壺
ʶԼһ֮лعô󽫾㶼Ըô
æ¡´׺ܶ˶´׵ģʵҲͦµġ

ӿıúۡ
𣿡ӵʣŵûҸκˣֻ֪

ƹƣķȥһӢüԳ޵ͣǺӰԼӲĿǣ¶
лȻһָоһֶܵ˺
ȵҺȥСͻ

áӦţûзŹл䣬ʤ׷о֮Ժ󲻱ôƱãؼ⡣

л巢Լֱûа취ܾķӣ˵ͷ˵á

ŷſｦЦ⣺ҵ㡣

л壺
ЦҲ̫̫ˣֱޡ
Ҫֱ֪ҪʲôǷ֮롣

ӻڴϣ˿ڵҲˡֻص룬лĵĸо̫ˡ

лȻ˵Ƭʱˡ
ֻһ˻ġ
С

СҲ´ף˯𣿡лֻ˯һ˯ˣҾͱȥ

ӣ
˵




33.  ʮ   Ů

ӵԺת, лҽͣҩʡ

ʰߣڲϢ, ͣҩ֮һֱϰ߱, ʱ۾

·־ûھǰʱ, ǿϣźĶ

лҺĵһѵ峿

Ѿйư춯, л׼緹Ӧûڰҩ, ŵɬҩζ
ϣûлλưʲôܽܡ

ŲӺȥǰԺԺǽЩ²ˡľ²˼ʵúܲ, ﲻӰ͸ˡ
⴫

, , жС
л΢
һᣬ˷翵úܣӺԶĵطֶˮĶ䡣


֮ǰҲ߼, л, ԼӺǽ棬мѣ»е޻, ǰ򣬻ǻ˵ʱ䡣

ĳˮлվˮһ, վϵǼϴ׵ΧȹΧȹͳһ飬Ⱥһ
һŶȥɡ

ȺɣĴŵĳ·ܽһƬƬ֡

֮ǰԼ෱ΪԼΡԭʵξҪʮվڴǰе滺ƽһ˲һк񶼱£սȨơıȫˡ
ֻԺ䣬ˡ

лͰЩιˣһ꣬ǱԶɣֻһֻرСģųͣͣ졪ԭ滹һ

һֻСԺԺﰲлþˮźò͡

׳ߵԺǰԵſıϣצӰο˨λѾΣѸһĵ̶Ѳһ飬ȣ׳ͷ棬˵ˮ߾Ϳ

лѰԵѵ֪֪Լж֣Ҫ˼㣬ƤҲ̫˰ɣôʹϴ𣿡
Եһ޴࣬ҴȥӼ׽йͷУҲϴ

ھӪ˵ֻʣС˵ʱ򣬷ԺгֵΪ¿Ļ棬֪СԺ峿ԭ֡
ڴ΢΢Ц
ټѵҲܱôů

˼·ԼʶҪߣֻǲ̧žԺ⴫һİ塣
ӴЦ˲ͷ

Ǹˡ
ʮͣһոµɫѣͷ⣬֪˶ٷ͡
ϵЬȴǾ棬Ҳ֪һģټлһЦеģӵóۣ˲⡣

л屧èͷ硣

Ϊ
һ硱ˣΪλҪͷ۾ϰ¿ôΪʲôҪͷ˼ң֪˫۾Բ󣬳Ͽʱ

һССֽݹȥл壺ƴǵĹǡϴοС𰮳ԣһ

һǶѷӵ˴⣬һߴҪڣȻ뵽ãһҲûиС
ûǣС𶺿޹
ӣ

ǱлӹǣлԱߵһݸ磺ժµģͷˣȥﳢ

棬ȴûߣʵҪȥƴǸϼҪҪһȥҶƴúܣʱúù䡣ϻƫűˣʵɨ˵úܡ

лҡͷˡ

ԱϷϷҪҪȥ
ˡ

СͷСһԷɡ
ˣҲҪġ

ӴǰлĲ֣٣ŷϰٺòҲûбõԸˡ

Ȼл齻壬Ҳ޼ƿʩˣֻ֮ջ磬ΪлôϾҲСˣƴ˺üرڣֻЩл¡
ʱ޹ܹǲģ˳ӣʵ壬ڰҩǲﲻ

л̽ûûУû
˵ŷҲ̫˵ˣæ䣺͡СθڲãЩλʳҩ

϶˹ѵûؼһˣ緹ûԾܳʲô
͹ǵ£ָ￴档
һۣлǲôˣ

л󾪣ûûʲôˡ

ÿˣǼģֻǽܳԵꣿСҩģҩζŵüˣ뻣˭
Ȳ˵ҲͲʣһ˷̲ܹ࣬˵ǽַھӶ㡣

ڴ󣺡
ĺ붴Ϥʵǿ󣬲ȥ̽ӿϧˡ

һ˵һҪߣסٹʵģ˵ûУ϶ûС
ͷһڣӽйˣ˵ĻȫԷ硣ĪҪ˼Ұ壬ﲻˣⲡ˻Ǹˣ
л壺壬˵ʵǲǣֻСˣԺɹŵӵĶģ

лѾսһֱĵ˷ֵ鱻ôڽƣлһ仰Ҳ˵Ӷǡ˴󽫾סҪǲƻ˴󽫾ļƻҵҪǸ󽫾ŮӵǲǾûˣ

һӣʱ㲻Լˣĸﴳле׳
׳һĸǰԵҲԱ߹˱ըë

ﳶ֣ǰˣֻл壬ڴҲչ˹ǽķϣ׻ɡĪҪ˰׷ϾЩɵӣײĲġ

ѾزҲǲˣлһҧǡԶ磬Եʱ˵ˣｫ

̾˿ɵӣѶ

Ȼ̵СлﶼûУĶı磿

ɫһ
⸾˵ڷˡ

˵ֱο˵Ҳʵ飬л嵹ûô⣬ֻǷ֭ؽͣ⡢λʦǱߵס

һݡֻǱ߷š֨ѽһˡ

׿źϻŲݣϴֻټͲͦΰǶʱͰѹһͷһɭֱ֮޷Զ
һʱҿԣֻⶥӣСƼ˰ɣ

лҲ
Ѿܾû⸱ˡ
ھӪʶλ󽫾ʱ´ֶèһСԵķ·һˡ

λǰھӰɣӿڣȷʵǰı磬ǰδ

һڳ˶ˡ
ϵ׳ͰԵ̧ͷ

лãȻĹˣһĻԼĶ䣬һ𾪵Ӷ֪Լʵûһ˸ġ

û嶩ˡҪô˵ǿ˵еһָ־СӣʲôˣĸʲôģＸˣͰ

Ұɣҽʮ꣬漮ǣ˼ˣһƽʱԼӵ޿ֻһˣͰȷʵûýϵ˽

ԽɫԽѿһ
ԭȲΪǸ⣿ƲƲ죬Ů

ӵͷűŰɡ

̲ס߳жȻ׸Ů޳֮

һ۵ҵŮӼģŮкη


лվԭأ뷨
һȥסĸӵ죬˰ѷЩȫ̻ȥ
ԼһƣǲΡ




34.  ʮ   Ҫ޸

ߵʱû˴ǰǡ
׷ȥʱҲû˴, ͬʱлȻˣǾ͸Ͽѻ°˰ɣôҲǸ¶㾡ܷ, Ҳ߱ˡ

лȫ֪ôش, ֻܽӲųһǣЦˡ
Ͼʣͷ, оǻ۵ƶ񤣬̲סʵΪʲôҪ˵

Ӳ, ȴʵģΣ
ܡл循ֵҡͷ, ֣󽫾ģ, ᵱġ

ģ÷΢΢ͷһЦ
ǲŵģŮһ뾹, δɡ

˵Ǳ, ţֻĴ©˵Ůʵ˼, һ׮, 䲻˶˵ţ, Ҳ͵úܣֻίˣҪЩ, ģպ󶨵

лشһһűߵİԵˣŸײż

ϰ֮ˣ巴Ӧ졣ӻûѾ̤§סлһ

˽ʵʵһмİԵáһµء

Եʱèβɨӵıӡ
ӵ۾ʼͣ۽ǿʼ죬ӿʼӲЩֻ§ŵϸ

ýһδӰϸļ͸ۿɼٶɢ֬ˮﻯһ㡣
峺һ澵Ƶģͷصӳ˫һʪɫ峿ҩ

磡
춯ص˷˼һͽӶֹҲֹס

лͷͽΧȹΧȹҪȥۡ
һؿڴ磬һȥ׽ֹĶ

ңұèлżʵô˿ڻ𣿡

˵ֻץֲٽѣһȥ˶ͿƵģѵؿǽϣ͵͵˵һʲô

л壬ֲҿ˵ʲô

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Ѹٻط£Сں˯л˸ǱӣȻӶһˮ

Ӳؿ
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ǷӾڿһˣüۿʣͦŨܡ
ӺԼòսʱʮ²κӸǳ£˿ľˡ
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лֻƼһ𾪣Ҳ֪ھʲôҲʣĬĬԱߣʲôʱͺԼľȥ˿ڡ

аذףùӺһſڡ

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ذСɷԭڷеģһҩʱ㱻һֱûϡ

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Ҫ磿
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ʵŷŴ򿪵ʱлСĸζӺˣĸȻ޷ӦӦѺӵĹ͡

Ϊӵ֪Ϊȥмʧ

лһͷһѰ˼Ȼأ

ذת˼תûмΣҲû̧ͷʵ壬Ůϲô

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˰ɡеϲе˲ϲ
л꣬Ҹоһϻ

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ֹڵͳ΢Ĺĵ㣬ֱýлĶ䣬ѹҲǿˣл岻ͷҡҲ֪

лʵûпǹ⡣
ȴĶһִ𰸡Ҳ֪֪ϲֺá

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лˣĴ軹Цʣ㹻ô˵СŮǸӲСŶ
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Ѿɹ測Ż裬ﶪֻСһֱڻߣʱ㷭һʷûС

׳ڻߺ˯ԵܽݣһֱŭӷŲŵĽֱС˸Ű֡

ѩ׷ɣСããһƬ

ûУСٴʡ

һֱŴ⣬ʱȻվ߳š
ôôˣСæձ̺𣿡

ӣš

СããһƬۻˣʲôҲûа

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СµĴغȷʵϸ΢Ķ

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Сһ˿ſȥȻվʱ̵棡

һ˲ӰСﾡͷ֣㽦ѩԺС
ϵ˹һĶ¶һѩ¶
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Ӱѻĺһһ

лȲųԺ֮ȥŮɽӪ
Ӫһ·ɽشӪٳ־פرϷ滹

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ֻиѲرϸӣÿ˶
лĵûʲôӰ죬ֻһж̫ƽˡ

ƴ˵Ѳʹ˵ҪᰲҸӻؾ顣˵⼸쵽Գлֵͦġ

ÿ궼ѲʹѲ顣¹ضĿ棬ŬƴӪһֹ̩񰲵ա
ʽԼڸϷ೪Ϸϳˣ̯֮࣬ɳһЩר˸蹦̵£ðǷ׷ǰƴַ֯Ƿ˳ΪСꡱ

ӵͷ
뾩·;ңԶҵ״͵ǣ֮͢ǰȷʵƾЩӸõˡ

֪ˣӿڷѩж΢죬ѩ֦ͷϹźĹʵȥһůһů׻סˣϾ׺ߣһ߾ͻ㿪ˣԷɡ

лסˡ
ϸ֮ǰûԡ

˭ģл̲סò˶ɣ

Դƽת󣬷ӱʼֵˮιһϴ·лסѲ֡

΢΢һЦڻ̲סָ̧˸ͷ㳢

˶ڹСţ˳ʱڣһĻ˱ǵ

СŶһúó԰
СĿӾûͣСѾԵùԲŬ

ԼԼĳգֻ㡰ܳԡСлĳݱôЩ꣬ԼǸݶܳԵýζ

лҲһһ澪ȣôʲô᣿
ǻӣǽ̺ӦһѰɣĻѧЩ

ĸײܳ裬ǵλҲס乬޼鶼ΪʱҪȥǰ˵ǻŮҲ硣
ѩ죬ڵĻůڣƹӳŷӵ۾봹ëͶŨŨӰкӣܵΪĸʲôԲûĶˡ

Ǻƽ͵ģؽԼĹ̯ŷŭҲԹޣǶʮһΡ
ֻԵл壬һ˫ԸѴǰѹĵһж˵

лһԴǣʱ֪Լ˵ʲôҿŷ̫ãеͬԣӷ֡
ʢһݵǰ

ӽӹ˵ָжݵӸеζָһֱĵ
á
һ仰˵ůȴϹˡ

극ЩЪϢӵһҪȥ졣

лԹԵͷǣԸ

ӺȻЦһ£ʲôԸô
лһڷ˿ڣӹĵܰһ㣬ֻһ˫Բ۾͵ͷ

ӱ⸱ģɰˣ̵ûȥա
˵ܰɫǺãԺٽСˣ⡣

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ǡ˵ʲôʲô

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Ҫ͵Ƶʱ򣬷ӺȻڷã壬Ҫ㣬һ仰㲻ó˵һߡ

лһ룬æ˵

⡰šһ΢΢һ˿

лиܣÿӷŵ˵ܾôӶһ㿪ʼӶеġ
һ²ŸĿڵֱܷԸ

ȥ·ҪҪţʲôʲôҪĻţ·һҪġΪصչ˺Լ֪ô

лͷŷӦǡ

Ӿ˾Ƭ̵ǣ˯ɡ

лŷŵҲǡ

ƺһ͵͵ЦŽŲԶȥӴŵ졣

л廹ŷŵţеС˵ϣ塣

леƵģ˵ıӣôˣ

˵Ů𣿡СһСҪ޸𣿡

ôܣл屧ССļͷԺͻ֪ǲһˣһסһԷֻӵ°ˣܿҪˡ

ҪߣСһ۾ҲԲĲ𣿡

лЦˣ˵󽫾Ĳˣм˳ԵõһѾˣǰͳܳԵʱһЩɡ

СȭҪǻҾͳ룬룡

лЦ˯ӷһͻСȷʵٴһ١

ֻû뵽ڶʱӵķŻǹŵġ
Դӷӵҩ֮ͣ󣬱һֱñ磬û˯ٵʱ

лԭ˵󽫾ѵ˯ǲҪֻһõãúѪζӷӷд

лһţ磿

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лһƿţͼϣѪӿڽӿȫȾˡ

󽫾
л鼱֮ƽʱĳƺ˵ߣ󽫾ôˣ
һһȥҷӵţָ˰Ҳûȣһֱڶ

ӵֶ˶ס֣۾Ҿ˸ֻʱ޶࣬壬ȥӪ·ɽ

лҡͷҪȥҴ

Ӷȥ·ɽɡֻ·ɽһˣͽֻǰ˭Ҳ

лˮˢһ¾󽫾

˵Ҫ㣬㻹ǵ𣿡ץ֣ҽĻ㶼úȥúûءסֻҪ׵ұˣʲô£Ҳˡ




35.  ʮ   СŮ˰ɣ

л岻ǵԼôŵġ
ѩ, ϻѩûСȡ˳֮۽ǰããһƬ쳶, ֲ嶫

лԼ׽һӲĿ, ۾ǽģĶģģ
ֱܲ˵ػͷ˻, ѩ򻬣Щˤ, ʶԼ̫ˡ
ǿԼ侲

дǰЩĸ, лŮɽӪ˵ǳ벻ȥоҲû˸Ҷʡ

оˣֻ·ɽɿ׵, ȸŷ֣Լ̯һŤӱ

һսǴݡ
ѡ˸޿ܳսʱ, ԼΪǳ䲻, ȴû뵽ϵ񣬲зħʽҲյ˳ЧĴ뱻ɱ, ұ, ȫ

Ҳ˲صĴۡʧȥ˧Ӱ
ʱ·ɽŷˣһҪǰ塣Ҿ֮УǱǿ, ԼߵҲһңüζǷӵױйסȥ·
սѶսûҵӡ

ϸ, ӱǱΨһִֵˡϢųȥؽһҹɶ룬ǵ̫Ҳš
·ɽɺϷһͬϢѰҡ
ڴս֮ǰв·ɽڴӪؾȥϷһֱ˱ֳ·ɽƾƶҲˡ

л壬΢΢һ£㽫һ󽫾ڡ
һ벻ԣ㲻Ƕô

лֱӴ󽫾Ҫ㣬ߡ

ӳûͣһ仰˵ּֿ죬ŴϢ·ɽһʱԼˣ˵ʲô

󽫾Ҽҡл˵̲ס첻ˡ

Ҳݣ·ɽһӱ˭ˣ

󽫾лһޣһ˺صˣϾҪˣ˵Ҫȥͽֻһ

˵Щң֮·ɽɼץص㣬󽫾ȥǻߣ

лԭΪһ࣬û뵽·ɽʶûжһ䣬ڳŵʱվסţͽȻҲߡУǵ÷ֿߡȥӪʮﴦңһ͸ϡĪҪ֪֪ͨңҪұ־롣

лһμʶ·ɽӣ㶲ŷӦȻصͷҾһ֪ˣҡҽġ

·ɽɵԣȥСӺȾƵġ

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лһĸ·û⵽·ɽɵһֱλãԺţҲһֱҺ󷽡
λʱѣһʲôԾ·ɽɵĵ̾ͿԸлĲ

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Ȼ·ɽټ˵˴ǰл強һߡ

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·ɽɡ
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·ɽɣﴫӵ·ɽɵĻȦûܹǰɣһȦȼϣ

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ܿɰܺÿ

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ÿһԾʾжôǿлܡ

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ӵһθоһս֮ʣҲ
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ˮ½ǰ͸ţһһΣȫȡ

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ӵͳ㣬ɳƵ㣬ֱֻ۳رס˻ˡ
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лæҪɿӣӵֱȴ乿øˣ·ҪնƵģһͻ壬塣




36.  ʮ   ٸ

͵ú, лĶߣȱϢ絽лϡŴⶳñ, ôһů, ҪƵġ
ȷֺ𣿡
ܵò񻰣лͨ졣

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лæҡͷںĵطһ˿ȵζӿ֡
󽫾Զ, ֻһСӣбãʵûбҪЩ
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̾

㻹һɡӵһЩ

л̧ͷһ˿ڲס졣
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лԹԽǰԸȴһʱûпڣֻǿ
л岻̫˼££ͷ𴲣ûϴͷɢšͷԭ˺񣬻΢΢ôɢһë׵ѡ

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лͷ

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·ɽɿһ仰ûжʣл岢ûжһ㣬Ѱ˼һ£Ҿ˵ٸǡ

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ӵĸУ·ɽôлô˳ۣϷ۾ֻа֪⣬ûעл壬ΨĶţÿôЦŻһл
ƾ˵лӡ󲻻ǷƽʱȻԸ⺮Ѽ䣬ֻΪʲô粻ƫƫأ

лᣬһƳֻԶſڣϷһֽȻѰˡ

л֪ԼĿ죬߹Ѫ·Ѿ޷赲ʱҪĳš
ȻװƴǹСܹȥٳǰݷӽϷ룬˾Ͳˡһ˴ˣôֳ棿

ײһ

ɽġۿϷѾ߿л͵͵ءɿصٸߣҴȥ󽫾




37.  ʮ   ȲĻҲ

л˵㷭, һ߬סüĿ֮һƬȻ֪󽫾䣿˵󽫾

лֻǱߴǰ, ϷȻûѰ, Ƽ£̧ű

л弱һ亹, ͷʼ᣺˵úأҪ, ֻŵù㣬ֻһ˹ȥ, ܸڶ֪Ҫϸߣ

˵, ٸʻĻᣬһǡ
糤˻һ, ˦, лǰɱ

л忴˵߾ߣʮָɴ䣬ʵͷŵòС
һ󲻸ûˡ
ֻܻȥ߷, Բ󽫾, ҰļƻȫˣҪɱҪҪôô;ú󽫾Զ, ôζúְܼɣ
ΪӰ˴󽫾ͽ˶ûȥϵʦ

, үƺ
󽫾ֶ㹻ܳûԶлųسһоԼһСסˡ

л·ɽɸ·ʱ˻ûн̸ͷðŷѩͳ塣
ȴԶ·ɽɳϸµö࣬һ·ϸ飺󽫾ôлﴦ󽫾ڵΣΪʲôлڲǣ󽫾˵ͽ

ʱ˿лֻм硣
Ϊܵÿ죬ʼճѿȫϵ顣
Ҳ̫Լ¶ڣֻҪװһǻһһշӵķԸˡ
Ӧ޳ŹУκεûϷı£˰Ҳһᡣ
һ켸ڱѩﱼɫʮֲȻӦΪ˼ֿŶȣ˸֮ûʲô

ĺɫ֮ʣлϵǳǡ
СԺһƬڰ

лÿλصˣҹɫжһȴŵһƬЩӦ֪ǷӵİţﻹȱһƵģеġ

Ϊ˱棬ûеƣ̿Ҳˡ
л˽˷Уʶȥ̿裬һ벻ԣʱһİۿδĿŮӣﻹй̿

̸Ļ˵˴ϣ˷ӵ֡
Ҫڵʱ򣬸о΢΢˵һѾߵġ󽫾æסĿڵӣôɻҰɽˣ

ӵ΢΢һ£ԭƻӦģҲûлϸˣص֪ˡ
ô˵һ䣬һŽŵȥͷлͬ˵

л뵽ԼЩᣬ벻Ǵ󽫾ϷַҪöࡣ
뿪֮ǰ͵ƣҪȥôʯڰкȻ
һöɵĻӣճΣҲճ˴ϵķӡ

Ӹ磡
𾪣͵ƣ˵ǰô

л߳ͷϷš
Ǿʹ䲻·ɽ캿ǰ㾪ˣҲУͽɣ
ôϷ
Ϸ˽Ű֪ȣ뿪ںȷʵЩɡ

Щ̫Ҳ̫شǺ׵ġ󽫾Ӣ䣬Ȼᴦõ׵
Ժţȥ

ڣӲ֣ס֣СҲĴ֧ش˾ˣûʱˡ

ģģץ֣ӸסʹȥƴǣƴбõĴ򣡡

ѾˣˣҲǾ£ӵҾ֮Уһ֧ǴģͽСǴСһ𳤴ģ㣬˭ҲŲи̣ΪѰͽұ𡣡

ǣǣӸ磬ģ㽻ģһкᣬֻҪơ

ҵԼһǰ͸Ҫҵˡ˵ţ£СҹͻƴǣپǰͽǱģұټ˴ǰ²رȿȿȣҲһЩӪĲܴҽǸ

ӳشϢץ֣Ҳ꣬ٻ£Ҵܱҡ

ȵӸ磬Ѿ˶Ե֮ߣ

ӵı⼸ǲಡ齣ʤڰѾô졣ֻҪٸҼʱ䣬һܿȿȿȿȡ

ڿԵʱڽѪѪεϡ
ɿ˷ӵ֣ͳһӣǵѪ

Ķ̬ţģĶŵʾˮһȡ֮һԵ֮ɫ
ǲ˸ֵĹ˱Ǵʯ

ǿմѪӣ˹󽫾ʵţѾⲽأﻹŴ򱱵ҡҾ˸塣

С㡱ӵͫô

ϴӲȱӣϧҲǡ̾һϵĵǸˣӸ磬ȲĻҲ̫ˡ

ѩõƵƹӳͷзŽɫĹ⡣

ǵУϷ·һθܵһһͱŵľʹ
ԭһѡ

ô㣿˵˵Уϣ˭һ

ʮ꣬͵͵ɽѧŴ˵ģԣȴСĵڳС

ԼԭһȻӣ渲һЩ֦ҶһŲȥһС
ָߣĸ֣κû֦⣬ûн̦ﻬ֡

ͽ޹һʶҪˣǳɤӴ󺰾
ϧ˺ɤӣͷҲֻһȺѻɹͷ׹ۿҪڡ

ſʼо£ڷɪɪ
üŶȻһ¸߶ȣСվҼϣҶ㿴ܲȥ

ǸƴӣҲ⡣
ԹԲڷӼͷ̦ĶڣŬ֣Ȼ湻˶ڡ

Ӹ̫ˣ
˵žҪȻֶסһ˴ӷ

Ӳͷĥʲôأȥ
ȥˣô죿
ӵɵѽȻǸϿؼȥˣҡ

˿ڵɫȻһҧȥȥˡ
ڷӵļһΥ˼е죺ʲôһ
쳣֣ȻһǾϡ

ۿҪˣҲû磬ֻ㿸ö𣿡
ͷҿԣ

ȻԡֻǷԸоµļڷĲڳ˵ʲôں˵ȴ֮
Ӻֹһεػ䵱ʱ龰ÿһζ￴ԼǸʲôˡᡢ˽ֻΪԼ㣬ֻԼĿꡣ

ʱǡҳҲͦãСһںڰɽжȻҪſޣָ·˶군
ȫûпСһɽеκ£ԼΣա

ȷʵϵ·һǵλñϷ򣬺ܿصбѶ
ϸھӣһŵɽΪΪ˾ɢҰޡ

Ӵͷܵԣϲ˵ߣС󡪡
еϲҭں

ʪϣ֪޾Ҳвѣȴ˯ˡ
һͰϸ߲ϣһһطϺɫ˼µ岽ߡ

죬ߣһƬæң˰ѻ˽ȥ߾ߣȻŷӣ

岽߾綾ޱȣ˵岽֮ڱɣϸ޳
򶨣Ȱҧ˵ĵطһӣѪȻˣȻұ󼱱ȥҴ

һ·ں棬ŷ׵Сֻһ뷨Сһģԭҧ

ѡ
һۣ㿴һֱڴϵķӣ¶һЦݣӸ磬ĺĳˡ

֣û˵ۿе㷺졣

֪ǷСġ
ԺһҪ

Ͷ֣һҪһһֱšֱ֮󣬱˴ȫУ

Ҫ󽨹ҵĻᣬҪʵȵĺܡ
Ҫǰ·ٲκ壬жߡ

ôҲû뵽󾹳壬Ķߡ




38.  ʮ   ҿҪͻһ

Ϊʲô, һִӺＷΪʲô

ȵϣ󽫾Լȥʰɡ, һ˿¶, Ƕ˸ġ
һأѩҲ¡

Ǻһ, ûǰֱӴзӵ࣬һذ衣
֪ذ״Ӳ, û뵽Ӵʱзһذڷӵӵ, ߳

һˣˣαжӲۻһ
ֱǽ, ذ׵ʺ˹󽫾ɲ, ԭһ֡

С, ӶռϷȴϲ⣬ң㵽Ҫʲô, ΪʲôҪ

Ϊ̫ǿ, 󽫾ˣһֱҲһĻᡣ, ϢȥֻҪٰлҽŮ˿ڣϾû, Ҳû˻֪¡ʵڿܲĻҸöģ̫ˣľרΪҴһԣ󽫾ʲôʱʼĵģ

ҴǿԣԸ˭ҲҪ㡱
Ѫ˿ȫǷŭϹذĲһϸϸĺۣҧʱ֣Ҳȥ̣Լ

˷һۡ
֣ǳȻһ˿ϡ
ϣ̫İԵЩ졣

޷ԼĿŭǸԶ׷Сô
󣬲ҪΪҲɱ㣡ҧһһֵϼҾһӣҪϼҾ󣿣㵱治

Ҳ󵭵ʧˣ
˵۾

Ӻ޲ܰԴͷЩʲôԴ
˻ԴǵϵĿϣҲ֮ζ

󡱷һ˿Ĳסʹ̧ͷָȴһ˿廬Ѿԡ

󱻶̧ͷƵƹ£һ˿ɫѪ˵걻岽ҧ֮˿߳Ѫ

С󡱷ӵʼĨƬѪ֮ĺѪ˳

ǱһֻĹӣõ֭ҺԴԴϵӿ
Ҳûһ˿Ϣ

*

һƬڣһƬžֻüȮңң
ҹѾˣ˻˯ˡ
ʱлѾ극ȵڴˡ

ֱҲûȥ

ͽӸˣӦûСȥ·ɽ
ͽҲð˰ɣôԼȥ
󽫾ӣǶô𽵹£ǰлҲ롣
ЩӵദӴСһлѰ˼˲ŷԼ˳¡

ûҲûͺ֡
ѵǳ

л屧СҵĻߣʼЩˡ
СѾס˯ˣС˯ú˵ġ

ôĵˣҲ̲סʼ˹Ƿ͸˵ɫл壺˯ɣҸǽ̴ȥ

лܰտһСһȥ

ȥ˯˲ܹţ͵һһж壬ԺŲﵽͷϡ

ΪлӳˣлҲûֻͣŭ䲻С𽻸

⺮糹ǣССһξ룬л㶳ľˡ
Ժӣ׳ͰԵӭ׳ͣˣԵ£ͣС
лԼ˸λүʳˮˡ

ͷ̫ԼΪעȫŵƵĴϡ
һƬȻʲôҲûС

Ӻһˣ
лĳ뷨Ȼƿ˷š

һ綹ӱǽ棬ڵϣﱧգһƬն
˶һ

лȫҲŽ䣬һҲҶ
ֱӵ۾գգһŻӣûãͬھ

󽫾л尫ڷǰǲˣ
ûûһӦ

лһæߣӵ䣬ָš

ָһ̣ǴƵģתϡ
ǻ˺һϳƵģӿڣ塱

һûпˣ·ǻɳֱǴɳĥ³ģɳƵ˼㡣

ڣڡ࿴Ӧ޴󰭣лȥģһ־ŵ͵֡
䣬ҿʼӲˡ
ͻͻֱ

ӵҧˣҪȴУܿͻġ

ߣ
лʶĴȻ⺮µģߣ
ڽкѪȷʵж

һȣһȾͺˡļ磬ԴһСӣһˣǻı±¡

лҽ϶ھŭ֮ʣ׼ŭģ̵ϣ㱣־塣
ӱˡ
ֻ֢״ģѨλûʼϣĵȻа˰ôԶ

Žеó֣δȫͿӣС
ӳʹԼ֮˵ϰʹȻϵذ׷ֱл

лŵ÷һУͷһš
һŸһֻ۾ֻذ׷мͣǰ磬ֻҪǰһ㣬СҪ

ļк񻽻˷ӵ־еĿնȥһ㣬ذأסл˫磺û㣿

лҡҡͷû¡

һ

лº滺̫䣬ȥǱòã

ǻЩͿСС
л̿裬һͰˮעԡˮˣݸɡ

ӻججģҲл廹ڣֱ̧㿪ʼ
ƽʱл嶨ȻҪֻܿǱȥáһˮŷģ뿪
Ȼȥһ룬ЩԵҩ

ڹȷݺͿԳԡ
һֱţȴٳûг
ôãˮ˰ɣҪˡ
л̲סȥߵţ󽫾ݺ𣿡

˶һʱ˳

ͷɫһԭͱ˺ЩʱˮʪˣǺڽһҹɫϻˮ
ҲǺڽģޱˡ

ǰҲãһ˿֮ǰǰˡ

лӣ³档
Լȡ˿鲼վһСһСƵͷɡ

ۺʱվǱֱͦʱֱͦͦˮȴûжӡ

ŽգƻƣһҾס

лͷʵǲòóԣҪȥ׼Щ˰ɡ
һ˵һҪȥȴס

ӿӻڣĿ⻹Ǵıڵ壬ҿҪͻһ¡


лգգۻûӦ;һʹ㲻˻ȥ
ŷӵ˫۱סԼ




39.  ʮ   ٱ

лԼӦþһµġ
Ҳһ¡
Ͼһͬܡ

û, ߶ûֻһ£Ȼš

һ÷ӲǸܵĴ󽫾, һС, һСںĶҹ˰˵, 뱧סߵȡů
ܾܾһѩ󱧱СèСҲܾܾķӡ

ͷ, Ϊʲôʲôʣ

ƵĵƹӳӵΪɫһ㵭, ƽʱ˲ͬ
лоԼıú̧֣ḧ˸ӵͷԸ˵, Ҿš

Ӱ䣬ֻһ, , ȴֻů
ů

о𣿡ʡ

л룺С
Ҫȥȡȴ֣§øЩ

л壺

Ӵû˭, Сʱ

ĸԭǵеĹŮ, ֻ֮⵽λûпʸסڵ, ֻһƫ̧ͷͷ
ʱûĸ׺ĸ֮䱧һ, ҲҪ˵ĸ׹ƣЦǲµĸ

ǴӷӼĸױûбΪµĸӶСӤ˭ᱻڻ

ϼңһ۾Ϳżʱˤһӣڻ˰죬㿴˰졣
ʱ֪жĽ

еԼĸߣӵ޳谮ĸױڻɸ׶棬ġõĻ档

ˡ
¡

ӵлĻǰл忴ı飬оĺȻü٣·ڼЩʲô

л֣ȥȡòã 

һɿ֡

лûȥ϶ȥͷʼ
һƽԼ߳ʵʲô

þơ
ʱͷȥʱ򷢳һ졣
лæ³ͷ°һ̳

ǰʦʱµģԭ˵ȡȡ
лЩ˸к͸пһ֮¶һ˿Цݣ̳㣬ҲǸ˵ġ

Ķҹ伫ˣֻ˿Цůǳʱڵĳ
Цţ·ûôˡ

̳㲻Ǽ𣬵̳꣬żһŨ㡣
лһ룬룬ԼҲһ롣

Щ˺˻Ʒ裬Щ˺ֱ˯ʦ˰ЦӺ˰˵
Ӳź㿪ʼֱˣ߶߶أӻʹϼңϼҽʹٴӻʹսս嫣ӿ嫽Ϸ桢·ɽɺ

ûɱôɱأΨһĶӣİıҲҵֵܣôɱ
ӱž룬ѾȣֻΪʲôҪôҪʲôԸ˵Ȼʲô˵ôûûôֽôȥ

ӵˮʿ޵С

л׷ΪʲôƽʱȾƣ˾ȻԼʮô˸׳죬̽ܣһᱻǵþ⣬ɲҪ£

󽫾𱱽ΰͬлû뵽ʱ̡
̾˿ߵߣ֮ǰͷסⲻ㣬ӦǷԾģҲ֪Լɡ

ΪʲôΪʲôҪΪʲôҪΪʲôҪңץл½󣬡Ϊʲô

һֱ˯ȥﹾȻ֡

лϴǺñӡ

˯Ȼüͷ壬лȥࡣ
ⴿȻǵΪˡһǳʡ£лҲ˵ƣȻûһ˵ȴ׳ò࣬ڶֶˡ

ᣬüıƣɲãװ
ΪɱڵӣǶֻͣһζ壬ǰͷ̧
˿ȴô˯ǰһӤСޣ

*

峿һ͵ֻ
ԴúܣȴϰԵżˣ۾㿴Ӵ͸ĳأԼڳ¿ڴǰˡ

л̤ϣ齣һţϹһӡ
ͷ˯Щңɣ⣬Ƕһ⡣
յļ˯΢ԺΣΪڴߣ촽΢΢𣬷ʪ⡣

Ƿӵһο˯ŵģֻһ侲Żľ޻ʪ͸죬̲ססºһЩˡ

лҲۿ۾ԶԶû˯һ۱˸ĹǷ

Ƿһ룬ͼӰͷؿ

лһǷʱ˻ȥǺԣ󡢴󽫾ҡƺʣҪ˷̣ԾЪˡ

ӵͷǺ°ɣ

л壺
ŪѾĸˣȥ鷳Ȼãֲȥϡӵֻһ֮ʬ廹ͣ
ֻȡһӽһ£˯ǰԼҪѣҪڷ֮ǰʰ
һջҹȻǲ

л尵˵Ѫ
²߿йĵŮӣΪЩʱоӾʾãӽ
ȻûϴڷѾȫˣֻҪ̵

ʲôҲû˵ֻǵίˡ

леȻûвί

Ӻ§һһףôô֪жмҹ
ûоţҲû棬ûੲҲûо
ôôᣬһ˫ºͼᶨ֣ʹʱס

ֻǴʱ֪סʱĵѹ˶ٿ־塣
壬ͳٱһô

˵ҹͰӦǲһİɣ
峿ǻع飬лɲǼͨ죬֧֧ҡҡȥ
һ˵һ·ӡ

ĶӵıӰЦһ£ϡ
ӱæӵ˴ϣһ˹

ޱ̴£ȣҪǻζ
ͷ

*

ʬǸ⣬ܲһֱ
лɲҿʷӴô졣

ҹ˷һ޵ѾȫףҹΪʲôῴһӡ
ڷ˵ֻ£ֵܣŷʱȫůȣиҸǸԼ
·ǴŷһֵԼȥġ

ȿ̽ʵҪô

ţͷæµ¶ʵСۣɫʵЩ԰׵ģݣ΢е㲡
һ޶ɫѾ˺ܶ࣬ҲܳȣС󲻻޶˶ôͷһᣬһס⵽˭Ū˭С¡

˵⻰ʱϼúܽɱȶյĿҪ֡
õʹȥƴǣǺúòһ£⵽ʲô
һ˲˵һ˲ⶾҩ̫Ե亱УĿ

л֪Ѿ״̬µĴ󽫾ˣɽˮţûʲôס
üֻϸϸѪ˿ûз֡

лĬĬԱߣ׺Ȼڵ󽫾ܰȥС𣿲֪ûС

̧ͷ΢һЩȻ
Ҳ˵æСһᰮ˯ÿҲ֪ûѣֻлʹûЩС֧ʹ
ȷе˵лԼ´û鷳

леȫᡣ

ӺȻʲô
Ӵһᣬһ˻Ầµġ

ҡҿԵġлҲ֪ˣԼȥ󣬡㲻ҪѧҽôҪȻⲻͬͬ򽻴ҡҪѧŵ㡣
ȷʵµҪ֪أ¿ӱʬģ
뿴

ûκ谭ؿĵǺϧֹͷѾĻ
лл㣬塣

㲻ǲѧôǱ㲻ҪǿԼˡӵºͣԣվұá

Ҫѧġ
лúܣȴ쳣֣ڷӽݵʱһҧ˽ȥһȡ

һ˫ִȶġ

˰Ǻľһʱ䶼ûпڡ
ӾҵشϢһ£Ȼл˻

ӵޱȽʵлҪԼĹͷ
ӵ·˷ɿʱ򣬷ӵɫûôѿˡ

תԯ

ȵȣлȻڣԣ
֮ǰڣŻԣʱϣɫ쳣
ɫ糣һҲһѾӲ˵ʬ塣

һ˺£ȥ̽ţȥĺȥ
һпտҲÿһʾȻò

һȣһȡ
лֹطȡҽõ뵶⣬⿪죬ڲͶ·һɫϵĲ졣
켫΢ʹ춢ſҲû˻ע⡣

лˮһʪأƤԳһ塣
뵶˳һһҲôأأűĶ

ȫ̲һһϸʱһڳʣʲô

/Ƥ//ߡֻ˵û뵽Ͼֶ
ضʱϲ͸

Ѿˣߵ¶ޱİֻơ




40.  ʮ   Ըҵ

Сûȫ˯, ˹ڶл屧ϣĹҵһ, Դͣлϲ, Ҹơ

леԥӵҪҺСͲȥ˰ɣ
˼ȥð, ܸôأ

ڳԯϣ, ǼȻ°壬ڴ˴Ѿȫˡ

л岢ܺ⡣
Ϊ㱻ɱ, Ҳܱɱ
Ǵ󽫾ֻصĲ񰡡

̫ţѩҫ, ӳ÷ӵü쳣
Ǳ˼ٰ֮󣬷˾һձĥ¹ĵ, ˡ

л岻ٷϻ, Сϳԯ
ʻСӣһ·ϲˡ

˵Сס˼£ΪƣѵóšַھͷһعƼôһ, ׷Цдкϼţ
ȥ
һ𰡣
ð


ȷʵǸ, ȥƴǵ˱㲻ֹ·һԷ޴źӣȥʱ˸к

лһӦţһ޶˾, Сͷôţôһ
̰治뷨˦ȥ

Щڽڷӵ׷һֱûзɹ, Ӹյƴǳſڱ㱻סˡ
ؽҪ뵽¥ϡǶͷĻ˵һλˣҪѰôˣţð

أұҪҵˡ˵ͬʱԸؽ׼һȻл壬ȥãСȥҡǵãûȽȥ

лͷСؽ˻͵ⲻԶͣǼ̯ԡ
СζˣŶҪԵġ
л룬ȻͽѾ˳˵أԼòϷǰϷˣ㱧С³

ʱ򣬾ͼ̯ϣԱڣСģڴڽˣȻ쳤һ㲱ȥлݵߵףһ

ֻõлĲü񣬱ȴǱͦôôXɰȴһζ

֪ŻһЩֱ£ʲôʱ򿴵

лǣŲˡѾж£Ѿˡ
ле㲻˼˼µģȴ棬̽ŵҪôȥæɣҺСžͺá

Ҳˡһ°£ңһ롣
лԷʱ򣬷ʵʳ֪ζҲȷǶˡ

л壺㲻Ҫô
лҡҡͷҲ

ӵͷؽԸ䣬ؽȥˣƬʱһֻ
һֻСɵĺ¯һֻɰɰһ߱źۣӰٺϺɽҩҼɹںĿɢŨ㡣

Ӱź۶˳лǰ

ле㷴Ӧҵģ

ձðѩɤزɣӵ˵ɺ¥źúã㳢

л̯е㸴ӡӵ˺ˣҲˣҲ˵ڿˡ

Сڿˡ

ܹ˼£˵߾ߣЩЩӦе㱵ģȻҲû㱶ãܿӴ˾СΪˣҲͦá

òװԼ˳ˣź͵ǰ޹ϣֲʼ㱡

Ӽٳٲʣϲ

ûûУлġ
ɺ¥ƴľ¥еķǸ󣬲Ʒ˵ʡл峢һڣȻʮ⼸Щۣû˯þȷʵЩϻˡ

ֻǺóԹóԣЩ㱣ܾﲻԾ
һ֮ҵˡ󽫾µİɣôҲŸһ

*

ѡлĲ̤
ݸ԰ػɽƵԹһ㣬лǰֻ껭ϲſľ

ֻȫûͣĶԼ롣
˵СİΣ˱Ҳˣʵڷ㽫ǽʱЯ
治֪ӵʲô

ŵʱ򣬷ӱ˴Сȥҷ
л岻֪ⷿǺҲСȥȻҪţ֪ס䣺

СҲлӲţҲҪʲôҪŰ壡ҵģ㲻

ӻ˻ָ⡣

Сص˼һ£ɿ˰壬ֻҪҰ

л壺
ƭСһġ

Ӵл壬ŶȻԽԽƫƧͣһҶҲ˴ɨȥʮֻ
лû뵽ֵط̲סʵĶ

˽Ρ˵ţ߽Ժڡ
üıʿǰһӣҪ񣬷ֹסǣʵϷ档
ʿصǡɽսȥá

ӵͷš
л֪ܣټ֮ǰηӶǴҲԾͣ⣬ûиϡ

ӻعͷ

л̲סҲҪȥ𣿡

ûлشֻ֡
л岻Ұȥֻʵʵֹؾصࡣ

ȴһ̽ǣģȻǰߡ
лȫѪҺֽյλóȥÿһ˿жԺзŴһֻӿ
Ǹʲô

ȥĵطҪŵȥĵطҪŻȥһЩõ£Ҫ㡣
ӵ֮ǰ֧㣬㡣ڶصĶϷҲˣԷĸҡ

ʱлѾ˵ڶţ¥һֱ£˽ڵصףգΨŻ
;ȻϷ˳ȥһ·žӵԵøͳ

лֿʼˣ󽫾⻰ȫ֪ôӡ
ֻΪҲս˻㽫ΪﻤһĶȥƲõʲôģʹ

һ⣬˵Ƚ̩Ȼˡ
㵱ɡ

ϵĶԻͻµ˽ȴɲССʮηҪߵʱ򣬷ͣ½ŲлҲϷ

ôҵҲܲϧԼӣⶼûˣôܵˣϷϧóרģ˵հԵġ

ˣСС㰮Щ٣ҶֻǸŮūﻹЩ
ǰ֪䳹ǡ

л֪ϷΪʲôˡ

˵㲻ģһʮһ飬һᱣ

֪㲻ƾǸķӸǼҰûһӵùţŮͳͳûΪūΪ

Ϸһģġ

ҷʲôģֻһ£ȴٳٲȥ죬ֻ֪˵ЩûõĺңΪһţ
֪ɽĵǸ㣬ԵŷǵҳַΪôôūŶϧһΪĹټɣʱֻҪǮҸô̷ô̷̷ٴζУ̷˶У

˵ˣ˵ˣϷ͸һ˿ģһ죡

ͷ˾лΪӻȥ˿δͻѺɫҲް

ɡ֪⻻һɤתģ֪᲻֣ǣҼȻѾ㣬Ȼȥǰ衣ҪҵŮҾһͷ

УСϷе㼤㲻Ҳ

ҪһҲ򵥰ֻҪ˵ģȥɱ˷ӣһ£ҸڳеΪԩѣʱ򣬸׹ٸԭλңǶǧ𡣵ʱ򣬸׼Ķ£ãɾ£ͷϣһԿԧ죬˵ɺð

л֪֪û뵽Ȼ˹ˣлǸŮˣ̲סЩ졣
ˣϷѳֲסʲôԲӵ£пԭˡ

Ȼһ͵͵ŶǴصĴϢл㶲ڷʲô¡
Ȼ͸оӵֽ˽ѴӺͷչǶȥֻӵĶ׹һƬʺ졣

ǲǸˣл̲סʡ
šӴӱ߳һ

ҪתʱϷȻһȣԣԾǲԣ
ϢڵصʲôԸ㣬ҪҵھͿԸͷ㣬㲻Ҫ˵ܰңֻԼ㣬ñ˵㣡οǻӣҵͰһ¹ԣһ׷棬ѣΥó

л忴飬оֻԷһЩûôӲˡ

ߣߣ֪ˣű֮һɣҹ

ŴһѰлԱߵηС
ͷϷ˳

ҲԣҹҲ뿴㣬Ҿ;öģ

Ϸû˵ˣлŷƼͷ߳ȥϻЩҶ

ıӰ򵥵طһͳۣ

*

ʿǱıѧ֮ʿǰپӺԺѧʿǰ̷ϲзǹٻ磬ܷ֮ʱ
л֪ӵ˼СݷʿΪʦ

Сˣ⺢ӴȫԿɶ顣ӵ֮ǰ¶ͽżĸߣȫ˵㣬Ի÷һСС

лҲС£ǿԭǴСÑʱõġСҪ飬Ҳȥиӵ˽ӣǶиʮķӣȻѾۻ軨̼СӦûԡ
ôҲû뵽СһλǰԺѧʿ顣ң֮ǰʲôʱ򣿡

û뵽ڵʱ򡣡

֮ǰ
š

лĬˡǸʱӺͰϸӼӽΪƵѾʰĲƲһߣؼˡ
ǸʱΪѾǷû뵽ȻСǰ̡
лͷһʱһʱ̣һʱھΣһʱжһ˵

˵Ѿ˷ʿǰʿʮͣƳ룬úܣһ˫۾ȴˮ
ʱʿ۾Ц⣬ŷһҾףӹУϻۣ˼ͽл󽫾ˡ

⺢Ӵϻ۹ϻۣƤɹܻ˵ģҪϽ̵źá

ʿǺЦ

˿׵ĹСѾһܵлߣлȣۺӼ͡

лһģ֪лҪ˵ʣʲô

尢壬СյлߣʵǴ󽫾
лͷš

ɱ˿嫵Ǹ󽫾
š

ƽǸ󽫾
š

šС۾ùԲૣҼס˸󽫾

Ӻͷʿ˼䣬Ա߽ͷӶĽЦ˵ʲôĻأ

Сת˼˰գȻǺðɡ

Ӳ⣺ʲô

ȻǴ󽫾ҾͲˡСԸҵ򡣡


лû뵽Сðôһ䣬оԼȥ

һ˿⣬ȻֻǶ̶һ˲תȫ۵׵Ц⣬̬Ȼ˭ǵÿ˼

лҡͷ֣û˼ûУҶ췢ģ




41.  ʮһ   Щ˻è

ӿл, ΢΢üͷ

ǲ⣿
лѰ˼ԹֻҪ, ġ

ֻǻû, ⴫춯صһӣ
Ϸ˽ֱӹ, һѱס˷ӵȣˣôЩȥĶ˰

̧ŰԶ㣬Ŷ, ɽذŮ֮࣬пյң

Ϸһ, ֲѣҡ

ˣӵ˵ѲʹʮһںδôڸУ

Ϸʮһ³˲鰸, ƽʱٴڸͷ顣ʹȥ

ʲô£Լ, ڶô£ӵ, ȥӪһپȥٸһһٹ

Ҳ󣬵һɱ֮ڡ

л廹ĬĬغСһ𡪡סþ, ѵʱжˡ

Ϸ͸˵, һҲҿԣԹԴȥ

תл忪ڵʱ, ȫȻһʮһܵĸţڹеľ˵ǺмͬͬҪĵЩƢһܺ, ƽ׽ˣϲͰմ򽻵㲻Ҫ¡

л˵òùʲôʲôûӣѵҪҳô
룬ʵСô

ӵͷҵܷʱһլƴǣֻһסӪδȥѾԸȥʰСסȥ

ͳºͣ뷽ѵϷȫȻ䷿ʿԱߣộлûɾе㷢죺᲻̫

鷳ˡֻû˵ӱǱҹѲߣɱǰ̫ƽ

л̲סʵСÿ˵̿֡͡

ȥûһнпܡӵĪҪ鷳ңסȥΪʡ£Һ֮ǡ

лֻӦ£ǡ

ʿС֣СȥѰˡʿаѹִ󽫾УԭСӡ

*

ӲĸУʵֻȷСꡣ
ǰڻʵ۸ܵܣһá

ʱлڸǳʰЩ

ӵѾ˹ȥˡ

л⣬һֱһ𣬻治֪ʲôʱµǲһ֪Ҫʲô

ģʲôҲһèһӵܰǶġ

ʱ˵߸磡

лһתϲɫ󲽶
ԭͬһǸˡ
ʱԶѾʱƸļȹһҪϸ壬Ҳʮ־£Цм

һ˵ҪȥӪ㣬˵ȥ˱𴦣ʾǾܣһָ϶˵һΪ߸㲻ˡ
˵ţлϣЦλƣǲ

ӵֱѾ˷ļ磬ʱΪգвƣ겻ʱѧЩǻˣߵҲҴڨ

ӴһϸƤģһɢܡ

лæʱһ֮Ե

ɿԼļ죺лɩɩΪҳ塣

л⡰ɩɩ־סˣæ֣ˣҲǡ

ǼٵġӴĻ֪˭ð棬֪һйƺϸڶ˿ҡű֮¸˷

£лҲôϣôҲ񻰣ʱţлûҪ¡
ȻżһȻһסˡ

л壺

һɩɩʵԭϷơ

ΪݷĹ۲죬Ƿӵĵߣ˴սӵ֮ڣӱȻá

ʱֻл֮ľ佻һлû⣬Կ£Ϊ֮ȻΪ׽

ʱ˻֮£ȴ뿪֪Լһɩɩûд

ֵʱֹסͷȥһЩǵ죬ļǨˣļˣļļ֮ࡣ

һֱûɿл壬л̲סʼԼ估ԼС󽫾ʮһòһ໰İɣҡҾͲˡ

ӵ£һԸ

ɡе¡лŬȥСһͷһͷһ˵Ầ¡

ӵİɣǺͰУǹŰӡ

лʵҲˣɴҲˣֻҾȥС𡣡

ǣлȥԷȫȻһϰߡѾϰл壬𴲺˯ǰ»ǳԷ

ѵôǿӲʱ򡣴ʱӲȷʵһ֣ȥɡ

лһ񣬷ˡ

ؿŷӣ߸羹Ȼô˵𣿡

Цһ£߻лԶȥıӰϣֱлת䣬˲ջˣС

һˣʲôû˵꣬ӱԺǰϰԣ̫飬Ҳǻµġ

ǡһӦţĩˣ̾˿Ϊ竲𣿡

ڹ棬ÿ˶Ҫһ㱣˿ĸ壬˿ʥ裬ֻܿԼ
ǿһ竼棬ڹһһ

ǶòˣձΪˣʮȥϽ˱
ڷ£ˣжһֱϵЦݣ̾˿Ѿˣ˵Ҳòϴ꣬Ȼس̣ĸ£һ꣬ú˹ӡ

ӶΣһƣʶô

ë˵׾ǱɫͿ˵ӣǰڿ嫵˾˵ǾѰ֮ǰʱһ棬ĸŮ̧ţˮҪιˡ
˵ţЦһ£ˣǰҪιˮġ

ĬƬ̣ӵҲãȻͰ¡꿪֮ҴԱñﱸ֮£ұ㽻ˡ

Ҫ򱱵ңһɣⲻ̫ݵôͻʺ֪ڸǰ˶ٲԣ˵㹦ػģͼı졣ΪʥģΪֻʥּ뾩ˡ

֪ӵȨһǱһʳѰȨһգҪһյҾҪǶֽ֮ǰѱ£ұ߽

Сʱûпɽûʥ裬ĸ׶ûУڻżһǸ˾ܳһţֻзӣԶվǰ±ֵñҲˡ

߸硱ЩƣĵطȷӸҲȷӸ֪ԽԽΣգ

ʮһ߽̫ƽʤ˵İΣ衣һƽң֪жٰջ棿ӵҷرЩʲôҪʲôҪ

Ȱ㲻Ҫϵǰʱְִֹ
˵ţɫ߸磬Ϊ㣬ҲŸ˵ӵĻڲ÷ңӦð޺á֪бҵвڣʲŲҳ㣬ǵĲԲûáû󣬿ɾû˻èˣ

Ӻȵ˭ЩͷͨãѹɵҾ㣬Ҫѹһ״عãű߽սܰƽңҷΪˣ

С̵ˣɫʶֱǣҴˡ

֪С۸Xʰˣ԰Ȩıƺ֮һü
ѾƱǰһ飺ڹұ޳ĪڱֻҪһգ㰲Ĺһաͨôӣôӣ֪ô

Ʊһ¶һЦݣ֪
ЦһֱǸߣԶϣһ̵Цݣȴһͯ

ӺȻҲЦһ¡

ʣЦʲô

һ仰˵ˡ

ʲô

Ͼû󣬻Щ˻èġ

ĳ




42.  ʮ   ú

ӵĽ붼Զ, ҵֺã޵ñȶҪ

лСһλ죬ճ̡

լһȦ, ʲôõĶϸ֪, ȻǱ, 鷿ڶ⣬мƬ԰˵йܼһԱ, ͸Ҷʮ, ʮѲߣɱǡ

̽˵Ĺܼҡ͸Ҷ뻤Ժվ, ʱȻһлãлүã

ףлСֽһ, ̲ס
лССǽ죺̽, סļӣ

̽һ㶣ﰡ

лһﲻô
Ƿסİɣ

л֪֮󣬴󽫾ֻһΣ, вϲ, Ҳû̽󽫾ԭҺû, ԰õס

ΪʲôҪ𰡣СԱߺʵ
̽󽫾˵һƬ͹ӪһѣѲ, 󽫾ʹˣתˡ

ܼһԴͷظ¶лԽסʱܻķ롣

ܼոʵһʮָĹܼҡ

ʱ븮֮߹ܼ׳־󽫾ǱһǱһɫĹܼңֱ֮ϡ

ү·רֻ󽫾һ棬СʱҲûеڶˣһ޴ʩչǼį

ڲͬˡ
˵סһСҽŮһλĸ˫СүŸ˼סˣ˼

߹ܼóźδŮ˺δСүһ˰ʽСүױһ͸֬ˮ޳Уһϻϻκӣһһлǰڿ

߹ܼЦе˵ĶȫûüұŸﱸЩ뽫ʹɡ

вٺ»һΪ˧ټڹеʹͲͷ·Тÿһ涼ʮ־ˡ
߹ܼзֽЩ̵ԽԽֻ࣬ʣΨһһźǾûضǮ
ϾǸھС

ڻˡ
δŮˣԴöǱġ߹ܼҰձŮߵĹȥѡĶǹԵķ
һȥûжʣмһƾ֪ȫǺö

ǺܿϧⷬȫϹӿл֣ããѾȥҰᶫˣԼľͿˣͲ鷳ˡ˵ŻԹԾϹлл塣

߹ܼе£ԭΪлڿֻҪάһںЩ֮ģϾûֶô´󽫾أ
Ȼͼʿ̧˼Ķÿһ򵥵òټ򵥣һֻĹԼһֻ˶è


߹ܼĬĬĵˮ
ΪŮ˺ôܰŻǮ
û뵽˻ܴպϣ

*

Ӱߵ鴦òˣҪشӪȥ

ſڣԼһȥӪֻӦ£ߡ

ֻƥܳûȻס

ôʡ

΢΢һЦûд𻰣תͷȥ

ˣԭˡ

󽫾붼һֲתۿ
լԺڷһֱһ财⣬һгԽóȥǮûжʲôԵ롣

ʱƳϣҲŵơǰʱкȻһָľ
֮ǰлңлСԺǼң⽫־⽫ʼˡ

߹ܼӦŵʱֱԼ۾ʱ꣬һμӡ

лԷôһȥһʡ

ոհ˷ʱأӳ˲ҪҪͬлһԣ
ף²ͣ߹ܼҸϽϼߵǰ·ū

ֻ򲻶ԣüͷһ壺ҲǷԸлסô

߹ܼĸζһ£˵겻üԽˣΡΡ̽ô˵ģūҲô׼ģл˵סģûռסĵӲҪϣūΥֻӡ

лѡ᷿լӵĶϣǶһƫٽ֣ŷǷ㣬Եסġ
ּˡ
вϲɫ㲻ÿ

߹ܼҲԹɫϱУ˵ɲá
ֻϧûˣȻȥһлл׼˼˼ӿġ

ûߵǰڴСߴߴɵıйУèһĽڴʱַǷø߹ܼԽϧϣлܹס裬ǧҪɨسš

ȻһͷҪʾǷߵŵʱ򣬾ͼϷһ˿˿Ѿȫʧˡ
վҹɫУһƬʮº͡

߹ܼң
ú

ȥɡӷԸһǰߵš

߹ܼҴӦţתսǾϨĵ
ЦżһӣȻöĦĦܷԺ̡

ӦƬĵƹճâһķӡ

лֻѾ˾װż䣬ճʵСۣճһ˳žɣЩǳǵɢȻͬ
ƹӳӢͦüۣ˷·ԡ

ֻøòſϸҲնѣƼķ糣㴹ھߣë׵ĶƹյкȻһİȡ
ǰܿҲһܿ
á

΢΢һЦڵ壬סÿɻ

ӡϰߡֻûںлȻعصذŹˡ


Զĸ߹ܼҾĵЩˤˡ
ˣϣȻ˸Ҹ󽫾ˤţ

󡢴󽫾ܽлڵԵ档
леţ㶲Źصţ

ǵ㾪ţΪãΪ֪ǵ֪ˣҾǹô˿ɻθڣסſɻʣ

ϣʣСˣ
һ죬ʲôˣлĸ

ŷһڷϣڰеĸ߹ܼҿЦԽԽЦһЦơ

߹ټˡ
ˤŻЦôĴ󽫾ԭһڣ

󽫾ڵлĻңƴѻӷﳶԷ𣿡

˵˻㡯𣿡

ðɣ˶࣬á
л˼ǰ٣㲻ûд󰭣ʱ˺ͻһӣôѽҵġǿ̫ˡ

ֱӰ仰ˡ˶಻ô˵ɡ
ЦⲻɸһЩţҳԹˣһҪشӪǡ

󽫾ھ˾л忪ڵܼܲشӪѧҽ

⣺㲻ǲѧҽ𣿡

֮ǰѧˡ
ָʦףСôõķӣչˣȴֻΪҽ̫Ӧˡ

лԽԽûڲһúѧһῼ̫ҽԺģ

ӺȻһǰ˵仰顣
ּᶨй⡣

áʱصһ𣬷һĻشҶΪԸ

ڣл尵ȭ

ҲһʵԸκ




43.  ʮ   ǲǺҪ

лԭȵСϰ, СסٻؾӪ
Сڶ淿飬ϻи߹ܼҺóԺúź򣬻׳ͰԵŽ, ӹòҪ̫ݡ

л֮ǰҽ, »صӪ

뿪Ӫʱľ࣬ٻʱѾѩ, ΨһԶȻУԼԶæͣҽӪ

ϻҽӪæ, æࡣ

ʹ󽫾õɵúܣһǰ, һšݽһĥҩһʵǺü¶ڴӪ, ǲǹһȥˣ


лʱĲòݽ㣬һǸ߸ϵĴ󽫾, һͨͨСҽŮ, һ뿪ȣںӪûһⷽ룬ݽ㲻, ر׼
ôܡлͷĥҩ, һֱǳš

ȷʵ飬л˵òš

ݽű̾˿ҪǺü¶һ, סƴǵĴ󽫾˰ɣﻹ£


лֻ˵ǿ
ȫҽӻһͷɻ

ͬһ, ˱ŸɣԼɣǧʮֲͬ

ǰл忴ҽͷ綷ԼһѧҽȻվɼɬһ˾ȥУȱǰɫܴҲźӿ̾ˡ

ָڲܴæµ磬ݽ緹
лܴһĵطܴΪϸ⡣һ̵棬һ棬˶˶ӡ

ݽλ԰ɣ䣬ÿ졣

ţϾͺáлӦţȴûţ˼ȫҽͷ

ݽֵԷ粻ǻҪСϿ𣿡

֪ˡлӦţҪʲܴʱ򣬻ݽֱӰѷܴһȻлһЩϲθã˻θۣҲθۣ֪֪

лæܴǸԲԲĲ֪ˣ´һעġ

Ҳǣ̰ҽǴ󽫾ҵľ񣬳ԷоҪܴ˵Ÿ룬Ҹζҩôá

ȳԷݽϲܴĻĸߣۻ룬ѷˣȻʲôҲ̣

лס
ô²ڣӪͱˣ
һҽŮôҽˣ

ƫƫǸľҽ΢΢죬ԷԷôʲôĪҪŰ塣

Լ壬岻ãҲ𣿡ݽ˵˶ٴΣʱԷʱԷϴӦúúãһæԺ󣡡

ܴ򣺡ⲻ¶

л壺
Ȼ֮䣬֪ԼĬĬǷǴŷԼˡ

Ȼƿ̤ȳð
Ƿӡ

˶ҽӪģ˲ְҵͬʱʣ󽫾ôˣ

Ӱ˰ʾԼû£л壺λҽѾˣô
Ŀķһ٣ûԷ

֪أл˵⻰ͷŻݽһޡ
лæ·룺ߡ

Էӵͺһ
һԴһ˿ãл̱˷룬ܴ򶼸æ

󽫾ȣлԵּֿ죬ҭš
һˮݵ˸ǰӵЩԣԺõһȣҪʲܴ򡣡

»ܴҭˡ

Щҩ׼Σܴ౸Щ֮ҩܴһһӦ
ܴԼǳԷ̫θʣüͷһֱ΢΢š
ݽԱһżֲҴϴ󽫾ʻֻʾлԡ

л·룬Ҳպʵò࣬һ뿪

ȳǾˣϰִֿ죬лÿһ·ҪСһϡ

ʶһ㣬˽Ų
л岻Сˣһ·ͷŬǰݽͲܴһǸʲôΡ

һ·ֻƼлͷŨܵ㷢¶һ׵ϸС
ʲôأʡ

ݽͲܴô¡
лȫʶ˳ģŷֲԡ
󽫾ŲܴȥѧҽģȻĥ

лΣҺСʾǰ棬̧ű·

һ߬ס󣺡ȵȡϿΣ緹֮ȥҽӪ

лвɰΣȻһͱ󽫾˸ţæǣһϰҽģ󽫾ģ

ӵûںҽŬе㲻񻰣СĵƹҹϨڶñ˭磬мֶͷ׶̹ǵ˼

ϰϰúú˯Ҳúúóԣ֪ô

֪ˡлû

ֻһһܶϣĴһʱǺɿ

ѧҽ룬˵ҪʵԸ㲻ܻ£ǲᣬɿ֡

л˸תСܶȥ

ѣҶǹúһšлɣٺҲúܣ⼸ܵӯڷӿһһﱼСӡ

ţǲԾ¶һ˿Цݡ

ӣ·ɽɴӺһ۾ͿЦһ

·ɽɣ
֪лŮ򵥣뿪ӪȻΪмþ֮λ׷˴ӪۿѾˡ

£Цݡ

·ɽ¡
˼ðͼɱ£·ɽɾӶɳˣȻֱ̰ϵԼ˽ߵýȫ̲һ飬ձϢġ

֪Լ¶ڣԺߵö˰Լص̫·ɽ˶ЩӣȻһĶûС

һٽŶģֻҪǺܻ꣬¶β͡·ɽɵ

ӵͷȻܴҽŮݽҲȥһ

·ɽɶʱˣӾǿɣ

ǵǡ
ֻǵϲлôʱԼ

*

лŴ£һֻҽ顣
ȥܴߣ֮࣬ҲǰѲĶ׼ãֶ

ÿǶԿлҽŮɫҴңŲͣĿֱⷢдʡܴ˳־͸һ̲ӣʱȥץԡ

лæãеĻʳõúܣÿﶼһѲٲˡ

ݽԱöһŶʳô÷

л㱨ϽյĲ⡢ǡɡײˣһ˲μ

ݽ󽫾ظԵһ
лͷΪʿʹˣǿҲǳЩŷġ

ݽ̾ɵжôԣһҪپãǴ󽫾С

л죺󽫾ӲС

ѽΪ㿪ġ

лм𾪣ܡ

ݽ㿴˿ֿ˿ܴʱû˵һѰ˸ͷлһȥȡҩġ

뿪֮󣬻ݽǲɵϿγЩ󽫾Ѱ㣬㻹ûԷ󽫾꣬żҽѰЩʡ˧ʿͬͬСȫǸ裬Ϊ㣬Сˡ

л廹״̬
˵󽫾ΪѪˡ

Ǵ󽫾ļϵˣмֻܰҺϲˡ
ݽ˵ţȻȥһлæסݽʲôܰæ㾡˵

Щܾ˸ƵģҲˣԭΪԼɹ˭֪ϲҲУлдŸ˵רȥƴǴлǲʲôˡ

ݽ˵ţüͷиױϲȹķϣ͸һ䣬˵Ǵ󽫾òġð壬ܲܰڴ󽫾ǰ飬Һϲܶʵʵģûʲô캦£󽫾ʲô˵Ĳԣ֪ĸɱҪǣҪ֪ˣĺɣ

ܴҺ񣬻ݽˬ˴л嶼ãлӦãһʸ
ֵ󽫾ԩˣҲȥʣҲһԩǵģͲܴ򾡹ܷġ

ݽ棺Ȼãһ˧С׷ϣǧҪǶ˵Щû

лǵģġ
ãá

̣ᶺС
ǻ׽ҲûɱһһǱȥ̽顣
ʹȥѾõ֮ʵԩỹס

ôõĴ󽫾

*

ǰӻΪлλӪ֮ÿҹ䣬æһľ񣬱ᵽлС

лʾ⡣
Ͼ¹شԷϽ磬ÿӲһΣҲ֮С

ֻǲ֪ΪʲôʱԽԽ

ѱ˹лһ
ָ棬Ҫ˼

л尾ҹ׷ҹԼһԵҩ裬֮ǰӺһڣòȥȻζ
󽫾Ȼˣл嵱ȻܲТϷ塣

ʱл˲衣
ƹ£˱˴ڶ棬һ˿ҽ飬һ˿飬ȥҲţʮְ

Ȼʵϣÿһ֣л嶼СĿռͿüѹ˲٣ҲÿĿİ

ҪǷӵļԱãһ˺ü鶼ûӿľȻܱˣſھ͸ָлʱˡ

ǰֻʵʵǿӲȻŬ֣֮ȴװǸﹲԹס˺üµĴ磬̲ס󽫾㲻ش𣿡

ͷҲû̧ϣֻֻ֪ŮɽӪһҪӵĵô

л屻סˡ

һӦǰո˰Ϊ˧Ӧ򣬰ϧʡʡ̧ͷһƬ棬ߣҲһڼǡ

л屻壬ԹԸŵͷ
ͷʶԡ
ļѵͶҪʡĵز

Ǵ󽫾󽫾˵ʲôȻ͵ʲô
󽫾ʡͣȻ˵ʡ

л֮Уŷƫƫӽղ֪ʲô鵢ˣƽʱ˰ʱҲƿ߽

һӣӱ㿴лһ˿ϲЦ⣬õӡ
ЦֱȪһʽ
ԭڵʱô

ϻǲҲܴҽŮ£ӴЦʡ

лҪ˵¶أû뵽ȿ˿ڣʮ⣬æ֪ʲô

ܴʮţǸҽŮʮģɷսңǸѸ
ӵܴԭһӣʮ飬ǰһսܴʹļףԸΪҽҪھЧҲΪӱ𡣻ɷҲǰ˵ܴĶӺͻɷͬۡһ㣬ԽԽƺ½ˡ

лһʱе㱡
ЩƺܸǴģôӷ

ӼֻӺ΢΢Բڵ±ճһƬã
ãǿɰģúһࡣ

л૵òΪҵʱһ䡱

ȻӵԺ㻹֪ʲôҡ

ĿĿţлúǡôˮУů

ֻ뵽ݽҧгݵȻ˹
ԣǻݽǸɱǧף

*

ڶռ˻ݽ㣬л嵱Ȼû¶ֻ˵ʹ󽫾ˣѾûˡ

ݽȻҲû˸ţʮָм޵󽫾ôĻǰ嵱ǰԶѽշ֦ͷˣ˵Ҫס󽫾ȥˡ

лûҸǵģѾסȥˡ

ݽ̵л壺˼ҴãҲҪ˼Ҳǡô䣬һ˯˯ů͵öࡣס󽫾ȥǸģöЩǡ

Щлˣֻһûסʵݽ²ܴ򣬲ǿȡ

ݽظ˸޷ߣˣмֵסУ

лһ£ʣǲǶ˺Ҫ

ȻˡݽȻܽӣ

л˼
е㶮

һʣӶǵרȥ顣
Ϊнʡȴ˵ȥʿ飬Լ˵Ǩ
ѧҽ̫ۣΪС


׮׮ذԳϷ֮ݣɼע˶Ѫ˶

һ׳ҩôԵ󽫾˺񰮣




44.  ʮ   ҩ

л嶼ʡ, һڴӪ
֮ǰÿ廹ȥһƴǿС𣬽Сһŷʿѧʫģһ滹ŷƴ˸, ÿú, ûƺν

ҸӵİӽչѲʹڳС顱, Ӫҷӡ
շӸմУͼѾˡ
һǳͷ, һϡС

ӵǹڱϣ⡣

, ߸˶Ķǹı
С𣺡ֲڡ
Ŷ

Ƿ߽ͼǹ
ӵǹʮֳأ, ֮൱
СԱ߬Сȭͷǽڴ

ȡ
ӿһ, ֵǹ͵ؾ˻ȥ, һָС𣬡Сġ

Сʶ뷴ָκηӦû죬ʧȻ, ֻίί

ȡǹ, ǹƣطһ죬, 棬̫ء

СϲĦǹˡ
Щڶٱ󽫾ҲкЩʹǹ, ûмһǹӵֻȻһʱߵ

ؿţ
Ҳ̫һ˰ɣ

СǹԹ֣ʷڵʱ𣿿ȥҰ𣿡

ûŶٵһȣʦˡ

ӵõȣȥɡ
С𻶺һꡣ

һ˵ˣлѧ¿ǷһٳɣҪ˼ҽ̫ҽԺš
Ǹˣ˺úѧˣ

ûлش
ѧҽǺܺõģѧ̫̿࣬ʳ㲻ˡ
϶һӣһſغڷһţӹòȥӡ

ⲻǼҸ߹ܼ˵ڽһƬ԰ȥơ

ӶԼ˽һ⣬ͷһ֪Լ԰Ǹ߹ܼΪµġ

Ҿø߹ܼȥ԰Ǽ٣Ҵ档˸£״Ʋ⣬߹ܼ˵ɩɩǰ֧ӣ˵֪֪顣

߹ܼǿڡ֪ǮˡȴʲлǮʲôãЩĻˡ
࣬ҲǸСĿл屳ŷЩʲôʱǨŭɳﲻԲŹĨ͸¶߷ӡ

֪ˡӵ߸Ժ֧ӣ֧٣ټһƤһοڲס

磬Ͳ͵ʲôġ
û˵ͱӳСһǡ

߹ߣʵδŭ
Ϊޱƶ
ŮӶõİ޹
ģˡ

*

СһС񣬾ҽʦʽҪҪʱ
л岻ҵѧҽС𱧵ԱߣӪҲûʲôģѱϹŵһ湭øС𡪡Ƿġ

л
СɰԼһͰСлԱ£һ˫Բ۾ҽ徭

أСִͷлһԲԲС
лһƣǿӡ

С¶Цݡ
лһûЦôɰ̲סͷ

ôڵЦЦȥʦڻߵñƽʱˡ
л岻е飬½չܴ죬Ӳ
ǣСֽʣȴϲûа㲻֮ɫЦñոһЩ﷿

лʱмָж󽫾ƢԽԽˡ

*

лͻȻ֧⣬ʵЩЩġ

лѾ嶼뿪˴Ӫ
л徭ÿθŲܴʱʱⳤһЩ֮ƺʲôҩҪôִʲôҩ

Щ·ɽɹ۲ãĵҷӻ㱨

ӵĻشǣɣôУҪҪϷһȥ

·ɽһҡͷʾԼ뿪Ӫһ̲סʵһıȥƴҲȥҩ̣ûȥҩôڿʲô

ɫһ˸

·ɽһɫ֪ˣͨһ˫ϥأҡ

ôһ˲䣬ȷʵһŰߵȥϷġ
κһ߲ôԶɽֻһߣҲʵϲãֻܷȥУܸһȦ

·ɽһڱѩȦźȻ֮éٿ
ȻлĶúܰԲŲҪ˸
ȻǶһˣ÷÷

*

ӵȻ֪лʲô
֪ϣл׿ڸ

л忴ȥûʲô״Ȼÿնѧľҽ޲ڣ˵Ǳ˿ϣһͨͨһ

ĵʵʲôϣһֻոһյĺˮۻ˼ڤ룬һ̲ͣ

תֽҹһʱл̧ͷʵ󽫾Ҫʲô
º͹һ˿š

ӣʲô

ææ

ӿһۣæ

ϿɲԻһ˽
仰ʳ΢ضزס

ӵҲ΢΢ƣƽ糣ȥ⣺ϣ

ţлͷ΢΢죬е顣

֪ˡӵȥġ

ӱϿƽˣʵҳΡ
ԭЩ֧ǽΪľϡ


е
ϵ


͵վ

лһ̧ͷ

ҡЩˣ˯ˡ˵ţҲ˯

лʶ˿ϵɳ©ƽʱҹֻոտʼòã
뿪ӰЩӲ·Ȼͬͬˡ

*

һ죬˵ӦǸ߹ܼҡ
лҹ󽫾ҹ

Ǵ󽫾һЪڸУ߹ܼҾʹô󽫾顪ԣǹ顣
֮ʮСģÿһϸڶƾͬʱлҪ׼һʢľƲˡ

컹ûڣ죬߹ܼҼ˸ϵſڣţӭ󽫾ظ

л߹ȣӲ롣
׷ͨڣΰԣӽմһۣͨΣֻϵһ̽޿ϻ˺Ʋ㣬úܣ·谮һ˾ƬԺ䶼

ӷ˽ýӯ
лʱϲӵһЩ°ͣ޺Ӹ߹ܼƽ֪ͺĿ

һ۾Ϳл塣

ۿҪˣԺ÷ʢ˱ǣĵù̻Ի͡

һϲݻ֮ȴ⸮ڸҲиĺô
л߳ϵɫڴһȦѩ׵ëΧһɵֽСů¯һ󣬾ͺϸľ·ڣܷţԶǡ

л壬˻δ߽Ѿһ˿Цݡ

лһ񣺡ú硱

ҷæ˱ˡ
ȻѾŬڴӪȵ磬Ȼͷһλ˰ʱ¡·ɽɿ۶óʱӶۿˡ

Ѱʿ۵Ȼ򲻿ɣүҲЩˣֻ»ð֣֮š
ҲáԼѱٴ塣
ͨ崿ҲУƺԵù㣬¡ء

˰ղѡһŵʱЩţ·ɽɣ㿴ɻ𣿡

·ɽȻڽӲ֮Уֻ֪㶵ͷӣ֪ģǴȶСȥ

쵽ƴǵʱ򣬷ӻֵͣȣȴԶڣԶҲڰ಻סˡ
ʱڵؿһ˲ô

ǣǲáлæֻǣһû׼á

ӿͷȥԴ΢΢Ķ⣬ĺ˵ܺãܺúܺˡ

ԼòԼҿԵȡ

лǡȥȲ裬һ𣿡
͸ֲֽôʱ򣬷ӻһҲ˵á

*

ûڻȶãһ͸ȥˡ
ڸе޴ȴǵһ

һ̴ʯԲһʮȵ̴ʯ罫齵˺ͷ
ɽ亣ζȫһƣֻӣ˫ӡ

˫ɶԡ
롣

߱ƣڵĹ߻ԻͶﲻ֪ȼʲô㣬ˮ

лһֻ߽ͷһҩ

˾˳һҩʵ÷Щ⡣ǰ壬۶˳ʲôҲ˳¡
Цʣҵģ

ǡл幧ؽ̳ȥҩ

ӱ˹ˣȥԷǰȺҩʲô
Ļֻ˵ΪҩζﳢʮϤ

ڴ죬һοʱ򣬺һҩ

Ӳۣⲻ׳ҩɣ

ǡле㷢죬棬ҺͲܴ˺üηԳģһõġ

ֻһֱӿ

󽫾ģʲô׼ˣͿԡ

лҪ飬ӺȻһץס֡
ץùײ̡

ӵĿڵ·СصĻȼա

壬ҪˣҲ㡣ֻǻýףҹ֮󣬵ȵսһҾͻýƸӭ븮㻤㣬벻




45.  ʮ   㲻Ůô

ӵרעֿ, ·ΪҪԡ
˵ʿս֮ǰҪ²ƲѫԹ, ʿս

л˵, õģֻҪκ, ЩӦõġ

ʵô鷳ص󽫾˵Ļ, ȫǵãҶźˡ

֪, ֪Ϊģȫ֪
ӵƵ㣬л, һô, ô

֪ЩӵĿİ, Ҳ֪һδȶŮ˽ϣ֪Уװôˣֻʣ»ϲ, ʲô֮, ʲôȫ׵Ժ
ϲϲ, õ¡

ло̵úܣϢҲȣ˵, ·һڰȥ۳ɽˮƽʱܲһ
ԣҩӦõİɣ

лееο롣

˶ֳȴǴһѹѾõĻɽһȫȻɼĻϥϣֻüһ̴ٵľ

ȡ
лһо

Ȼ̣ͬ̿һ㡣عڻҪͷ̻Ƶġ
ϣɱظоĳʵ̡

л壺
ҩȷȻõġ

塱ӵֱúܽϢҲǼ٣ȴǿƣֻлķϡ
Ĵ̣ÿһ¶ǴŻӣлҲűú̡
ЩǷ·ε˻л㱣һʱ֪Լںδ

ֱǵ޽ǣ޽ǽĶϣ̽⣬סĶ׹ʪȵĴдӶ⴫ӣлžȻЩҪ
Դ󽫾ԣҡ

ǷӵĶ֣ӹģֺδܺŤ۾ﶼ˺˿ҲƲסһס°ͣҪȥ

ӣ
лûشһ

Ӷݵͣһ£ӷ̰аγһ

лŴʱȻ˺üײſ򣬴Ϣͣ󽫾ңҸ׼õĿɲңҺõöࡣ
ʾ󣬡㡢ȥƣڵ㡣

˵һ䣬תͳְأ˷š

ȫס֪л峪һ

Ϲ˿ʣһֻÿ˿ʣ¶һǧĵ˶ڱɴ֡
ӵġӯӯһӲΡΡˣūҼ󽫾

ӽ˽Ǻˣ

˵ūƻС¡

ӷѪжȣʱıж䣬һһֵʵлģһҹ

ǣİĽ֪󽫾˿ūҷĲȡҲԸ̺
˵ţֱ̧ҪӵţȻ˻УֻϧֻûӵѣӺȻһߣѵһˤţȥ

*

лҲƵ뿪
ֱܽ˻԰ͣһ÷£ؿ˳

һΪܵʵˣĺ񲻿ĻҪԼɤ

պպա
ȥҩģɲԼҩġ

ΣǴ󹦸ɣ¹ǰ㽿Σһҿ˶ҪĶ󽫾ȻҲİɣ

ʹͷ̨ͤ¥ֻԼӵһǹ⡣Īһ˿͵ʲôطµûţΪϢֻ볤̾һ

û̾꣬ͼӵӰԹսǴĻϳ֡
̤ɱڡ
Ƽһл壡

л壺
ôԼΪӴһʮУǻ塱ѵյʱ򣬸˵ʱĿ¶׹⣬޲һҧһ⡣

ˣ
ла
һҩ⣬󽫾ֻһֲˣ

ˣ뵽ģױ㱻κˣ󽫾ҪôҪͽ̫ҽԺ

ô죿˵ǰ󽫾ȴû취һչ۷磬ˣΪйߣһư

лŵɪɪձܰȾܡֻϧܵ˺ܲҵȳҲܵùӡ

תѵ˸ǰҧгݣл壬ɵĺ£

лһ򣺡Բ𣬴󽫾òԡ

ԭһǻŭ𣬵޲һֻһѩʯשӲֱôֱͦͦһϴϵ˸ɴ䣬зһŭȫؿڷֻŭһ˭ģ

лηηˡ

԰ԶֻԼһƹӴݳӻѩź⣬ǿܿǰˡ

ϣûƹ⣬ѩҲҪôͲƼͷ΢ЩңҲеɣǷŤʱֻҪһ뵽ǷڻĴУĳһʹڱѩصĺҲȻպ

ĺ˼֣̤ǰһ

лǾ֮һ˺üԶԶԶԲҩԹü飬ݽܴ˶˵á

˭˵һŮô£ô𣿣

ţǴ󽫾Ȼ㣬ҪȻҪõġлɪһ£૵¹ƻ󻨿븮ҹҪ˰ģҽ˰գſϱһ㡱

ŭЦô˵ҵǵøлϸ£ʡǮˣ

ǲǲǡ
лԭκԲŴŵ߹ܼ֧ˣʧܣﻹ׻ǮæǮҽ踮ϵģԺһġ

ЦһֻöҪʲôʱ򣿡

Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôҪ˵ЩѵΪӲ׷

Ȼֻл΢΢Բ۾дǣǵǮ
ֻһѪ˺ͷһл壡 

лѾ㵽ծöʮŸ¡ǲԲȵĻҪȥӵĿ

ⷬû˸һϺŵһ£ؿŷӣһ˫Ӻ΢ԲŰΰίӳŵƹѩ⣬ҹɫ͸þˡ

Ӵʱŷܲ񣬱ţŭڽڰˣۿҪѹöʣ

ΪҪԵŮˣ

лգգҩЧȻҪŮˡ

ӵĻʱˣ㲻Ůô

лԳԵɡк¹ã

һǧһ򱶣ҧʵû뵽˵ĸף֮ʣŭ֮ʱǿջֵûңΪθҩ

лؿⲻΪ˸󽫾βô

ӣʲô

лסˣŤͷҿ˿ȷˣССǰһսӣѹɤӵǸ֢֮

ӣ
ӣ




46.  ʮ   ֪

л˵ͺһ, Ϊӵɫȥֱܳˡ

˵ͬʱӿһһ

лֻһ, 漴췭ظ, ˱㱻˼ϡ

ӿű㳯ȥ
Ĳôǣлڻֻȵˢˢ, ͼץסһκֶ, ʵڹš

Ұζֻ߹ܼź¹һ·, ߵζվס˽ţھ

лޱĻţ˶Ҫͳȥ, Ȼҹ󽫾Ǿˡ
һһҵģҴҴ, 󽫾, ´һٶҼҩ

ӳţ˷ǰһŹȥѵһ, ˷, ڣл˴ϡ

ߴִ, л廹δüӱϳӵѾԣߴʵ

нʿǻ֮, ǵУο㣬ࡣѹлžļž˸ģѹʵʵ

󡢴󽫾˵
лֻԼһҪƤŬԼ顣Ȼһֱֻ㽫ֻֿͷлÿһѹ֮£Ҳܶ

ڵŻ棬֪ŭ/ҧһһֵ֪ҵǾٻǲ٣


лһʱ˵ֵ벻֪С

Ϊʲô
лҳһ

Ǹ⣬ϧû˼Ļᣬӵͷס
֮ǰŷ˿׼ֺݣҪĴһҧ

лôֻݺ÷ӴӺݳһȫô

ӵ׻һǸоΪĴ̫ˣ̫ˣ峿Ŵ򿪵Ļ꣬΢΢һ˱Ҫ˱ˣ˿һ㣬쵽ȥһֿ࣬Ʋסˡ

ѾԼŭɣŭҲʧˡֻʣ³ӿһʶһŪÿһ֭ˮ£һĻᣬֺ

δͬκһŮ׽ֻ˯ĵطû뵽һ棬˵硣
Ȼ֪ȥô˿̴⣬һȻ֪γԵһǡ

ĴͷС಻ţ˱ʼһ˱ĽҹֻȫһɹһôԶԲ

ʳø࣬Ȼһ˿̵ζ̧ͷͼлˮͣ䣬Ӷʪˡ

Ǳ˳һӣ˽סɿ֡

л屻ͷػɣסɿ޵øˣҭҭġ

ҡӵɤǸ˿̿һֱ쳣ѣҡ

Ҵˡлڴֱӹڴϸӿ˸ͷ󽫾Բ𣬶ԲҰɣ

ӽԭôջҲͻ

лѾһһæ´˴ͣϹҴˣûõúܣҴˣ

˼û£˼ҹ׳ҩ˼ϲµӱǱɣ

л޵ϡﻩſǻҪҰѺ¹׷ɣ

л壡ԭڴϵķȻ̧ٸԵŮˣСҪ

лһɪǽ߿˿мԼǽ˼
ԼֻԼŵǡҪҪ𣿡
½󣬹Լһ㣬ΪԲҪһҲӦÿԻóȥ

ϵľۣȥһӢ¾׳ʿ
ֻһţϲϣ²£ҭԼ

ߣＷûڣϿߣ

л廹Ӣηһ£뵽ֺ޻֮ѹƣԼ·ҪɵȣȻ⡣

תĶӡ

*

·ɽǵһоԾġ
󣬱ûȥС񣬳ԷʱҲлӰ

лҲèһ㣬ҲûӸǰչ

·ɽɣรүڿۣ;֪

ǷӶȻڲϼ룬ÿʵʱȶ·ɽɼֱȥǰ㡣

ϷҲӴ˻ôУӭϿĲ·ɽɻҪŲס

·ɽɵĴһ̯Ϸصȥа뷨Ӵųɡ

ϻа·ɽɾҪ´ȥŭʲôӽˮ˰ɣ

Ӻлﳳ˰Ϸǰͷϡ

ǾôôΪԣ

Ϸ淭˸ۣϳĪûˡ
˵ţ̾˿ûôЩ죬ӶûЦ𣿡

·ɽɲΪ⣺ӱǣǣġ

֮ǰлһʱӿɲġ

·ɽԵǾһ£ǰֳӸָЦݡ
΢΢ǳЦü۶ЦҫżЦЩһⶼлʱ
ؼǵãһοĵýЦݾС⣬ӵʱŵֻлıӰ

·ɽɴ˲ǳŮ

*

лԴһӻԼӣʼ㷲

Ѱ˼Լȴ⽫סˣȵڶһȥ
ſʼʰ߹ܼұ޵عֹˣүүҪߣ˿ķ붼Ҫס

л岻ϸ˵Եɣֻ˵סȥǴ󽫾ϲ
߹ܼ˵󽫾°ҹˣʱδʲô򲻸ҷߣֻҪߣֻҪһ仰ū˸ʰ

лԭ룬ֻһ仰ʲôѵģ
˾ӪϤĴʣ֪ӶȻУȾͿʼ
ʵû

ôţ֪֮ڷǰ֣ȻյúˣҲûԼѾڡ

ֳˣݽһҩһʡ

ûСлصֻðѵѡ

˭أζҩúܣȥ󽫾һԣ׼õ罺ᡣ

л壺
ҩãһҩлˡ

ʱϷ·ɽҹˡ

ϷĿĺȷСڳܹ鳳ܣ͵ˣҪȥӣҪǹ㡣
·ɽվϷûڣĿҲȷߣк󣬿Ҫʲôʱôӿ

ҲУСлһ󽫾֣ĸǰϣ
ο󽫾ѶȺɱҲ˶ٰɣӣ

ʲôеģ˵㲻˭Уݽ廹ϵˣ˵һ뷨ӡ

лͷû˵ȷȷʵҵĹ󽫾һãֻ¸Ҫ

·ɽǴĿ⡣ߣ֪㲻ʲô¡
Ϸ򷢳ãӻеð

ݽ°ͣȥ󽫾ҲδؾûԵķˡ

Ŀ




47.  ʮ   ˵ң

Ѿµ, ٹǴꡣ
нʿԶ磬ڽھй

Ӻͽ飬ڹ⼸, ʿǼЩ, ﷿˵һ˶, ţ⣬, ﱡţͷӡνεȡ

⿪ʼΪյı, ʤ߽
һ򲼷ԽڣԽĻɢ֮, ԽҪо͵Ϯ

ϸ£ɢʱѾ緹ʱ, Ǽ, ֱ﷿

Ϸ·ɽȴǲһſõһʳҿǳ, ܻζ

, лģһǸĸӣҲܲ
ܳԵ˳ԵĶˡ

˵ʲô
ӵ

ϷŶ, ⲻл˵ҺͰɳԶٷ

üΪǣ

˵иܵѧգΪʦš

ɫÿ, 飬һʱֲ֪η۹ɲá

ӿĪҪ˵ҺͰǰУ̸Сƨ𣿡Ϸ˵ţҪҪһȥСͦϲϺʮһš

Ҳȥ˵壬нݣջ̸Ůɽȥ

ǡϷ·ɽվֱ

·ɽɱһɫҪڣϷһס죬ϵԶЩĵط֡

ߣˡ·ɽɵƴһȦǵð
ʲôĵգȻղܼϷ˵̫磬ϴλһȦûء

ǻݽļƲߡӶǻʳģֻҪӶл廹ż˼϶ͲϷ·ɽ˳˳ȥлķ
ֻҪӿϳ֣ɹһ롣

ԴлԼǺްգֻҽһԡ
ʵʮìܣһϣлúһϣӲҪΪ֪Էӡ

ڶ磬Ϸ·ɽ

󽫾أ
л̲ס󣬽ûзӡ
ʵ֪һǶˣǷڣȻǷǰǶں

һʱлҲ֪ԼʧһЩǷɶһЩ

˵˲аɡ·ɽɼüɫ裬˵ǲߣȦȥ

Ϸ治䣺ȥ˸ã¾͹ˡ

ܴ󽫾λˡлλ극߰ɡ
ûоܾл岽뻨

лм
Ǽнˡ
֪ð˵˭ôˣԸղϢȻ󽫾һ԰ġ

뵽ʱ̾˿
ˣôҲûãǴǰԸӵһƽֻһ۶ˣǱǰˡ

*

ԾʱõĶҩԵңټ˸оȴû˼һֻ֣֪˶䷽临ӣҲΪѣϸֶҩ

ʵûпǱģ

һҼ˾˵ͨҩƳҲ˵ͨˡҩﻹƷȻͬСѿ侶

һ޼룬ƺСϹˡ

һݱʮѣֻŵ˻¼òԼý֮º飬Ͱȡһ

ͬŷ뿪ã߸ҲضҪ룬ҪˣɲһǱˡ

ǼƱȨ̫ӣǴδĻʵۣⱱĹȷȻҪҵܲڰȥ
һʧأʧȥϣͬӰÿӲǣʣµĽ⣬һˡ
ӵаӣִ¡

ǹ߰ôһˣȻٰԵˣ߸磬ǧҪСġ

û˵ˣԭüͷȴһã

ӴСң˵⣬ҲҪһУδƼε飬һĪѾˣ˭
ȥ÷¶ģȻǼ׽֮˰ɣ

δ̾˿ֻͻȻãһˣѡ

ԹĸƤ֪֪治֪İҲһпе棬뿴˭

û˵ˡ

˲Уǰ治ԶǽС˵ɩɩҪڼţλ

ĪҪҽСӺȻ˼Һö˶˵ĹңĪҪл˼ҵס


ѷҴ˵ˣòɩлɣôţˣ

ûлش
ĶʲôܣȥѰǰĵŮˣһĵҩ׼һλ
ڹп˸裬ҲЩŮΪβܴЩ˴ȣȴֻؿڶµûš

ΪĹˣʱڱͱһ
ΪһˣֻһԸ

ڣ·Ҳ߲졣
δǰͼ߹ܼһȺˣ쳤˲ڴǰһӣԶԶӭˣл˶ˣ

·Ӳã˭Ҫظ

߹ܼһ㶣૵ūϽ·ڴģԾʹš
ƨûţӲˣ߹ܼƬҲҵ飬ó

ȴüͷʣǶ

ūūλô˵ġλһţūлʴ󽫾ûȻλʹ˶ġ
߹ܼҵͷػȫȻ֪ɫȻûʲô仯䵭벻ȴ࣬лʵң

߹ܼæԼû

ӳһ£
߸磬һе¶Ͳȥˣһ

ӵͷûж룬ת߹ܼһš

һ
ЦɩɩգܳԵ

*

л巹˶׼ˣȴһʱϲ˲ˡ
ΪϷ·ɽڴܡ

ʱֵ磬ϷôԸҲˣһȦҪ·ɽͬȥ·ɽϻһȦûܡ

·ɽȻԸ⡣Ҫˣܳŵ˶ˣƴǱˮйͨʱȦǿɾǰбա

лվ⣬ȫ֪ôֹʼá˳ԷԱô󽫾Դ״Ӷšʵ
մӶѧС𿴵ʮ𾢣ֻСȭͷѽѽ

СӲҪѧ˴ܡ
һִֻӺ˹Сǰ

ָ޳ǽڷǵ͵佫֣Ƥµ·ԣ΢΢𣬻ڻǹµӲ롣
ż䣬ճؽʵСۣϱǿļ򣬵л߲ˡ

һ̣лȫӲˣҳһ࣬һŷӦ
ֻһе;ӵϸ˵ң

ֻа벽֮ңл岻̧ͷҲ֪ڵͷ˵ͳɤĤĵһֱ͸ȥ

ǲǡ
лһţ״Ρ

ֻƼŵԴ¶ֻɲǼ죬ҫһ㡣

شá




48.  ʮ   С

ʲôСӡ
̤, ѽѷֵ˵ס

ϷϥѾ·ɽɵѣ·ɽɵҲסϷĲӣôһ֮, ϷϲطӦ˹, һ˳ذ·ɽ߷ڵء

ϷҪ۸ߺһӮˡȻлĺ˴ҵδ, æסһȻӣôˣ

ͬʱ, ·ɽܻԹ˵

ӿλ, ˼

˼ģǰ˵͵ʱΪʲôֻŰŭȫȻûأ

ö˶ʲô·ɽ, ԰ӲǱ۲۵ģʲôģ
СҪѧ, бõʦ

ߵλ, ôϷλôȥϷࣿ

Ϸ·ɽɣ
Ϸ治·ɽɣһ¡군ǲ¶ˡ·ɽǵûнӹ, Ͻչȥ, ʵԵףҾ뿴ڸʲôá

ϷĵԲۣûй, Խˡ

·ɽ˵ţֻл͸ǹϲˣָлһ, ӣһжıƭ壡

л̽ԭأһճзð
˵ⲻװɣ

ȴȫ޲۽üһ˿޵Ц⡣ֳҲܹ̣ȡ˲ϣʵô

⼸ʵõͳᣬһǼлСԺʱ⡣

⻰ʱŵķ̧ͷл壬л΢һͷӭߡ

߳һͷƽﶼҪӽֻ˵Ƕй
ʱ˲˳ӹϣնҪתһȦֲ˵¾㡣

·ɽɾֵؿŷӺл塣
лʲôҲûȴӵĻˣ

ӣ·ɽ֮һ·Ҫжճߣ˵ĶģǼ

л⻰һǵͨ죬̷ҲƵˡ
·ɽҲû˵ȥЮĶһס·ɽɵ졣

·ɽɶʱܳӾȻιˣȻųζһ˶˻ΣϣʶĶ¡

¾ͱشӪˡ
ӵ˵ţһЮһӳ
ɬҩζźĽζǺþûгԵˡ

·ɽþƽһȥۿʪˣ⵽ʲô

ӣô⡣

·ɽɷⱲӶˡ

ϷһĨڣȷʵҲƲԭʲôʮֱ·ɽǵԣҲȥЮһӣǸôжѳԡ
ȻһҲ˵ˡ

˭ѳԡ֣ƴȦϸؿ⣬Уһꡣ

Ϸ·ɽһӯˣӣҪǳԳʲôôΪ𣿡

ӿһۣΪҡ

*

лһٷԵսսΨһջϷ·ɽɳԵ÷ƣϵĲȫ˸׳죬Ϊӣлĸο

Ϸ·ɽ˴ԼǳԳˣߵʱһһӣɫЩףǻð˵亹

ле㵣ģλɽȥЩʳ衣

ãã
˰Դҡø˹Ҳƣ˴˲ȥˡ
֮ǰϷ滹л強üŪʹɫϽ¡

ֻҪ󽫾ǵµ¾ͺðˡ
ݽ֮ǰڶʱӵṴһĽѽƵʱСİѾ·ѽȻȥѽٲȻȥиѽֻҪŪϴˣɣ

л壺
ЩһҲû
ǺͷһϳԷ͹ŵˣ˶ֻЮǰһ̣ﻹģ

Ժôʡ

л¿ӣԺˡ
Ϊ˱ʾԼĳԺˣ˲豭

Ȼأڹ󣬡Ҫô

лһ£ȻһڲˮǺ춯صؿ

ôôСģӸ˲·Ͻˮգȥ°ɡ


Ϥ·ô£
ǲʲôطˣ

ã
л͵վ̫ײӣһЩûվסӳһ㽫˻

ĻůŶպװ͸лؿĻ۾֪𣬻ݽĽ̵һ
ԼװͷΣߵʱһ׼˾εĻܱ¡

ĺХҵĻѩ䣬·Ȼ绨׹¡
̿յģů紺

ڻѾﵽ˸͸ӨǺһˮ⣬۾ԲôɵɵţԲèһ㡣
죬졣

֪Ůӻÿ֬װԼûһϿܱ֬ȵлĴɫһĵ죬񻨰һһҧ˱Ļ֭

ӸоԼʼ٣Ҳʼ΢΢ȣĺᶯ˶˿ڿˮܿڣǴô

лֻͳƣĺܣԽڵþˡ
ǻŵúܣѾһεľ飬֪ʱԽԽԼԲ˶ߣϹգǿ򶨣𣿡

·ߵͨвᣬɿ
лȻһϥҪ¡

Ӽ죬һסֱۣʲô

л壺ҡҸϴε¡

һָĴϣϴεѾȥˣ֪ô

лţ𣿡

ӳһ°ͣ㡣

л㲻𣿡

Цˣлôˣﻹ

ѵЦÿÿһЦɷ˹ҫ̫л̫̫ϲЦˣ鲻ԽҲ¶Цݡ

Цü䣬ԲԲӺ÷һڡ
Ȼúڡαⳡһһ㿴Цˡ

϶ű˴Цͣú񲻴ԾʵǺãЦֹҲֹס

һҪʲô

֪ǳҪæŹ꣬˲ٰ죬л廹治֪ʲô

ӣƽϺܶ˸ϼҪҪȥ䣿

лͷá
ûжమҵһɵЦͺáϾ̫ɵˡ

*

Ȼ꣬ȴͷһأͷһؼ򣬱л壬ʲô

ϧлΪƶԵʣֵĴ֮٣ʶҲʮޣ˽ԹòҪ죬˰ֻСһյ

ӲҶ˵طǾǸʽС̯ӡӡ
õĶʶ㲻֪ôãԵĶȴ˽ôԡ

οлԷʱԼøһֻƵģ˶Ҷԣ粢ûгԱһǺ«ݹʱһʱ˼ӣ۾ֲŲĽëһգһգ΢죬һ֬Ⱦѩޡ

̲ûȥѾ̲ס̫ɰˡ
ֱӽǩָƼļںı΢΢һ˿ĵطɢӿлϺЩԼҲ΢΢̡

ѽѩˡ
лȻ̧֣סһƬѩ

ѩӸշ׷£ڷƮ裬ÿһƬӯڡ

һ¡˵ţԶĻ̯Ƕһλ˼Լֽɡ

һܣԱܷѩȻмƬѩлǺ«ϡ

лһγǺ«ǰ
ʱʦʦƴǸϼƴǿ󰡣ˣĵꡣ

ΪʦȻģʦ֧Ǻ«ʦһһ֧ЦŮ̥ǸСӡ
л֪ԭʦС

ʱʮ꣬ԼҪ˾ϲǺ«δСܵܳԣʦʦЦ˺һ١

Ǻ«Զģо¹ţɽ髶ÿɿˡ
֪ĺʦǲһңлҧһ˵ζ

ӴɡֻӹӨһˮ⣬ҪͷϸƣлǺ«ȴݵǰ󽫾㳢𡣡

ѩɫؽֵĵһյյĺɫůĹ⣬Ӿƹ⣬ҧһǺ«
̫ϲģҲٳ죬һǺ«Եصĺ𡣡

лҪɡȴûɣʣʲô
лһ㶣ô󽫾ɡĵȻɡ

̫ˡӵŷ

л壺
ȷ޷ϵʵ

ӰɡúܵͣԴǵɡϣл岻֪ɡϰߣΪչߡ

֪黹кܶࡣ

磬ȻûΪʲôҪߣȥ̫ҽԺ
ȻָβΪʲôҪ´˵ҪȢ

˵ʲô۾ǰȻڡ
ͳöÿһοڶֱӰͽллĪ˼£Ҳеңʲʲô

Ȼǿǰûջߣֻһ˿ʵЦ⣺ӷ͵͵¡

лˣǺ«͵סһʱæңҡҡ

̲סת۵׶ڲסЦ⣺úˡôǺ«ɱˡ

ֱÿһյһλƵĹ⣬ѩƮεķΧ쳣εĻߡ
ӵЦȴѩеĵƹҪҫۣӢ

лؿЩѾߣһʡ
д棬ҧס촽

ôʣʲô
ʴ󽫾ĪϲҰɣ
󽫾ԼĪӻ˰ɣ

󽫾˭ǻӣүǱͳ˧һ絣İΣֻеһԱΪȹһһЩ
ż֮ԣҲǱҩǣѣܵ棿

ʹǻݽ㣬ıʱ򣬵ҲֻıһݣȻĸƾӹ˵ܵ
ǻݽ㲻֪󽫾һգȲңҲв
ֻһλ߹ǻྴͷϣҸһ

лһڱĿеľ
ԣһɡ£¶ЦݣѾʱˡ

лĳֱ仯һЩӵĻҵĶǱˮϴȥˣȡ֮һַǳᡣ
ʲô飬ǰ壬ֻվߣҲúůܰ

ѩǱĻϲ飬ϵӵֱ쳹׺͸ˣʱµ̯Ӱڳ

Ѿ˺üֻĺӣл򷢳ĳԶˣϻȥֳԲȻǰ淢һߵ̯ӣ۾һСʣ󽫾ǹȥòã

֪Сϲġ
СкһСҲϣԼΪһսʤĽһޱߵ̯ϰŵľͷģҲųڵģͿộ͸ϲ졣

лߣҪһȻԱ߰һľС
СħһЩȫ̵ϸȴһƬհס

ЩСڷӿİֻһϤĴСߴ磬һлϵǸһģһ

Ŀ˿л壬лֻߣüͷ֪ȡᡣ
סлҵʱϸǵϦദҲûзС

ʲôָСʡ
̯ȲһǸûǮͣЦݿ䣺Ǵ󽫾

ӣ
ʵһָָһĹ

̯СƼ󽫾ʮնɱ嫣꣬˳̩񰲣ⶼΪ󽫾תֻҪһǮһȥ˿ҵ𣬶ȻᱣǼլƽ³ɡ
˵Ŀһתһ䣺Ӷ

ӣ
֪Լܹô¡
Щûʲô

ѽ͸ˡ̯Ǵ󽫾һûٵС񣬡Ҫ֮ˣСĿԿݣùЯʱضܶ˼ˡ

ӿԱߵлһۣ̯˵ʲô̫ˣЩ

̯ãŴ˻блǱȥСŮ˴ű˴ˣɱһȽᣬֻҪġ

лڡߡ͡佫ߡ֮ԥ䲻̯ôһߺȣ̧ͷ˿Ҫλ̵̯ͦõġ

ͷһ£ȴǻ⣺Ŷ̹

ţհƴǵʱСҪҴ䣬䵽Ϳһ

̯ЦУԭˣҾ˵ôôơ
˵ô˵̯ȴеùԼ̹ȴ֪Ȼ˲һԣӵǮȻˡ

Ӱɡлһ飺壬ȥǱ߸뽪ɺã

캮̯Ӵڵ·ϵ˴඼һ룬ů֣̯ǰԶΧһȦڵȡ

л˸ǡֱȥɡӣֻǻδݳȥӾͿһۡ
ҲûжлĪͶ˼ԹԵشɡȥˡ

̯ҿһ
˶٣շλģ

һ䣬º滺Լмֲˡ

̯һӦȥ̣һа˲Ǳãͦġ˼Ҷ̸ˣҪһġ
ѹҪ֧˼ң˼ҿܹû

̯ԴΪջʮֹ죬һ̺ˣȻ۾΢Բ촽Сɣлģ
Ӱͺ˸ССİģľͷȴһƵġ

лѾ˽裬ӰСսͳһӵݹȥҲҪˡ

̯ϲ黶ϲȴҲ⣬ٵСҲ

ˡӵղġ

̯˵ò֪ôźãлͣһĸ߸ӣְ߰˰˵Сȫӡ

ǵлһ뽪ʱ򣬾ͼӱ˸챻סˡ
л壬ôࣿ

ӵСɡ

衱

Ȱɡӵڲ֡

лʶ˵ι㡱ǰҲιٴҩ
һ룬ˣڲͬն󽫾йУûзִ硣

ǱԹ룬һڡ
ůֻţֶůˡ

ӿС׺촽΢΢Ȳ̵΢΢죬淢ˮ󣬲Ծʿڿˮ

лע⵽ˣԼɵⶼʲô£֪󽫾Ƚ裬ã˼ֻ˵㣬Լˡ

ȥǰ̯ӺһɺãлʣԷ¶ȡ

ˡӵеͣǵң͹ˡ

л㱵ؿ˿ֻʣڲ裬ΪˣһЩС

ҡ캮ضʽţҷѡ

лû취ֻǵʣ͵ӴߣȻܿԼźȱߵĵط
ӵͷ֪ΪƲԣҲܿȹĵطȹһ΢΢ͷǿڲˡ

·⣺ò衣

л壺
ҿɫڣٺ춼̫ԡ

һ˳νջķᣬȥ֮Сһ۴УΪĶȫġ

лʩһ񣺡л󽫾

ǸϿôӵҽȥ

лһ㶣ңҡ
ǿͺòã

סһ᷿һһԷмһ㲼óһ򵥵á

˵ǽĵ̣Ϊл뷿֮󣬷ӻûн
ʱһ̤ڣżһ̴ζҩζԣȴʮϤ
лõζ

йϹȻлʱڷлη򸾵λ¯Ѿյһ룬¶ͷ

ֻǺлҲһǣȻ¯
лη򸾵λŵλãһֻСС裬﹩һֻС

ӵƤ͵һ¡

С񲻵磬죬ֳֳ佫װüĿӢͦȻһ󿴵һ

л˲ֻӶСֱɫЩ࣬תʲô

С񵶷ƵģлеţұĳλģɺǸ̯ӣ;СЩ
˵ռﶼṩֻǽʵ̫ˣŰ̯̣Ϊòɷ˺ô̵ЩܹģǾ޿ˡ

Щһֶ˵ˣΪӵɫѿˣǵսϼʱɫûôֲ

ɵأлɱ嫵ʱ򣬿ܾɫ
Ų裬΢΢յÿ졣

ÿܵŵʱ򣬷ӶһЩŻһЩ̬ûУضл壬һһʵΪʲôҹ

ΪǼҵĶˡ
л챻ſˣҧҧԼ޳ûʲô£ֻصˣǰ𣬡ʦףôչҺСҺǸм

мӵǱ˵ӵߵе죬ûϰҴǳǣôң

лֻ֪ʱʮֲԣȴ֪ﲻԣֻܾʵ𣺡һúѧҽ׷ңһˣұΪҽΡ

ããܺãǸһıĺõӡӵͷ۾ѪɫһΣգ㻹ȥԲԣ

лûһ㣬ǰսȥѰһ̣֪𰸡
ͷȻǿϵġ

Цԭˣԭˣ




49.  ʮ   ش

һ佫ͬ, ֣׳ʼңһ, ӽ, дϲ󱯵ʱ

лһο¶ģԾ֮, ̻عһ⡣

һܺãԭΪ, ȴˣԭΪؿͷϴһ, ȴú壬һٷ¶Цݣһ˽, ѩеĹâůǺ«·ڴ֮䡣

ǿǸС, ɫűˡ

ǲǲϲ˹ţл²յ, æ¯ƿְСóҴˣԺôˡ

ֻ, , 
ٴΣʼոĲ

˿ףⲢΪСҷ, Ϊʼжֻоϲ

СĻУľ, ѾȣһССѪ֮ʱžӲֳ鵽ϣĿۡ

ûдӵޱҡ
شˡ

лһ£ֻ˺ʱǰƵģ͸һ˵ʶȥ

ֻûӣһ󼱴ٵ
ǷԼſڶ˭ôӣȻڽ

ӵɫȴ̱ˡ
Ψһ¡

һ̣ٶ౯ѺԺ󣬷ӼżƥСԺ⼱ڶ룬󽫾Ϯ

*

ʼΪ֮ꡣϦδɱŮɽ

ս±ľü̷شӪлҲ⡣
ǵˣлСԹڼңúö飬СŸյߣɵʣ˻𣿡

뱱֮ս²ϣÿһαϮǶᷢʡǰÿһ̵Ϣл嶼һڲˣմţʱСļ磬Ŀᶨģ󽫾Ǹܵġ

СͷҳҲҪȥ򱱵ˣ

Ϧû취Сˣлرһ£߳ȥ
壡С׷űߣȭͷҪʹ򱱵ѽ

лЦˣĶ򱱵ȥѧӳȭͷСҪŶ

ƴǾ뱱ÿһս¶׵壬һȻҲڵһʱյϢ֮ǰĽֵѾտ

̯̯ʱʮֻңɢϲ
һյյĵڷҡΣƵĵƹճһֻС

ﻹŨĽԼ̯֮ǰСĴ˲ס

أ
Զ£һССŲ̊Կ޵ʡ

лȥʵСãסؼҡ

СŮδ𻰣Զһһܣһ滽СŮǱ˹ȥĸŮڿյĳϱһš

СŮƨ˼£Ůһſǻܣ˵һҪҵ𣿣涪ñ˰׽ȥ

СŮɿ޿ʣεǣĸ׵䣬ܿԶˡ

лǣ磬վڳ۱紵÷ɡ

İ˭һûоս£οзӾعذǶսȴȻֻŲѣսľ

ǰڼڲ˵ʱֻ˿ǧʱվ˵ĳ֣ȴһǰδйͷʲôʱ򣬿Բأ

Ͽһֱ֣ǿŵǣźӣЩСһ뽪衣

*

ǹɵһͻϮҪűæŹ꣬һֲ

û뵽µķ쳣ܣ·ĽعʮѸ٣ɻδռͻϮıˣ㿪ʼڷ

ҽӪɱУлûмսɱ˵ıʿԴԴϵشս͵ҽӪҽӪа죬ÿ˶æýŲմء

æµʱӸ˲ԵģֻвͣҩҩһΧȹѪ߰ߣ߾˱/

곤ľҽǣ⻹ǺõģΪƴﲻԶ˱תƵеüҽУǲŽ۳

лЩ˿ڱⱲӼ࣬һʼѪģ˴￪ʼ㤣ÿһ¶С

ܴһл壬Ҫʲôʱûڵ𣿣

лһ
һ²׵ҽҽϲһ¡ҽϾһķӣھֻǸӡ

ʿȴֻܵõǳҽΣȻֿ꣬·ҷйߡ

лӹúǺͿÿһ۾ǰҩҩ崴ιҩڴһձ˯ȥ

⻹õģʱҹսҽӪĵƻҲͨ˰һƬڣֻЪʱҪ

ҽŮԹֿͷɰټЩ˱꣬ҽӪﲻʱҪ

ֻлֽϸ£Ƣã۴˭ϸģ˱ôƢǺ˱û˻

ݽ̲סЩһʱҪˮһʱҪ˿ڣһʱҪ⣬һʱҪǣӦùĪҪ̫ãСǵǱרһ{󡣡

лǱŸˣصǲмôƽأʵҲãЩ˲

ܴˣ΢΢ͷ

⻰֪ش˱ǵĶл廻ҩʱһϱлĳ󽫾Ů˵۹ҲǺõúܡ

ս˳˱˵ʮ⣬ҽӪ˲٣˱ǲأϱһ䣬ҶЦ׷׵ͷ

лѾȥˣʵھӪ˶ǷӵŮˡ
ʵϴ֮ҲûмӣڷӵϢȫǴ˱ǿ˵ġ

ʹٱ˱˵ҲȻһݾ⡣

գָ˲˱˿úܣǴ󽫾̫ˣٴҲ򲻽̫䣬ȻǴ󽫾һܰˡ

˵ûɻھ̳ǵļ˾ء˵󽫾ǻ˸Ƶģǰûô͹Ȼʲô壬Ǽ˾Ҳһ

˱ЦǴ󽫾սת˵ģ

󽫾ȷʵǲͬϱǰǶأѵùδ󽫾ȴһʼͰذֱӶҲһЩ

һ˱ǳĬƬ̡
ǵģȻԹأЩսͬ˵ǻ˵ġ

ֵƢ˱ֻҪܰѱҹϻȥӱҲֵˣ
˵Ϻ޺һģֻҲɱҹˣ

ġ
лմѪֽһ˱崴ҩϵĶһ̲ͣеͷᶨ
󽫾һġ

κ˶ţһܱס
ÿһ

Ȼڴʱƿһʿֱ߽ҵܴ򣬵Ｘ䡣
ܴɫһ䣬ѸҽҪǱʿ뿪

˱ĵȻ죬˭Ҳûע⵽һĻֻлĺݺݾ

˻˱ͽһлŷԼʱˣæⲻǣŬ

ĶǷǸʿ
Ƿӵױ




50.  ʮ   ȻҹϮ

ܴһֱ͸˲ŻӪ

δ, лӭŲܴԶһЩȷ, ѹ, ʵǴ󽫾𣿡

ܴҡͷǡֵ󽫾Ӣ, ˣ

л壺

ǰͻݽ̸ʻݽΪʲôϲܴ, ݽ˵ܴΪ˶ӿԴӾΪ, ѣϣ, ѵõĺˡ
Եл岻֪ѡһ, л˿Ǽʶˡ

ս, ܵ˻

лƽģǴ۾˳ӣܴͷһطô˵ʱ, Ӽֱˮ, ·ʲôܿ͸ƵģеĻţ̧űߡ

ܴһй𣿡л, ֪ͳ˧İΣϵȫʤԾ˵ġ

ܴĵһ֪𣿾Ӫ˶пܳ󽫾˵ϢлҲ򲻻ġ

֮ǰ, н

øκˡӵܴǵл塣

ʲô˵ǾܴҲĪҪ׷ˣս֮ʣɲǶŮ鳤ʱ򡣡

ܴ˵Ҫߣػû߳ɣлסҽĴӣңҾȥ߻ݽ㡣

ܴһ㶣߻ʲô

лҲʮɿҽӣظܴv˸Բֻܸ߻ݽ㣬˵ռұˡ

ܴ򣺡
㵽ô˹ɹε˵޳ܵĻģ

лҲܵ˲ܴĿеǴֻٴεǸԲ𡣡
ܴ򿴶ˣǸǸȴ˿ģۿҪһܴԿǶˣӴҵү

ȷʵˣһöʸ
ʸⲻ˲أǷƽʱһӱȫȻްˡ

ӵǹ£ǹΪأֲܾ֧˫ֺʹ˭Ҳ֪̻Ҫãһֱôսȥ˿һֱǣΪʮΣˡ

뱱սƵǱ֣طηһ̬󿪴أֱɱŮɽذ

Ǿеľ־ĵʽһرԵͻһ·ɱʮ

ʮͼֻССһأڱ뱱սʷȴǰδС

޵£ֻԼ׷˵ķݣξȻᱻ׷ȫ¶ò˼飬ʼй֡

ǼΪҪĹͷعڣȻܱȫ壬һͰƱάϵǰսҪա

л弸룬µ˷ӵľ
һѡս

*

ںڰ۾֪Լҹ˯ˡ
ʹĲҩӰֱۼܴȥһҩʱ˿̻ǰۣ·һպһֱϱۡ

ʲôˣ
Ȼ

ҡ
ϸϸ⴫ںХĺ֮м壬ӻǴӵһֱϳ

л͸һ˿죬ô

̫ûм󽫾ˣʮֵʮֵл֪Ϊ˼֮ࣿ

Щ˵ÿĿİ࣬ԭ̫߳ˡ
ʱԽ߳ܣԽáʮֿյҥԱõĽڣǰÿˡ

лһƿӽȥ

ڰأϢ󽫾ӦŵİɣҿԵ𣿡

ɡӵںڰ𣬡л壬㱨ʲôǮ£ҵҪô

ĵģһ˿ڼžͺڰį

л˵չˣֶ͸ûʲôйϵˡ

Ѿͳ˻ӣ˵ɣȲˣһ󽫾ˡ֪ҪƣЩǽڣ÷ϡ˵ġܴõҩҹ˯ˡЩҩ

վסӴлĻͷлСȿ˴̣ϰ˷ӵĴʣһʱоСĲȱ㳯ǰ˵

һ˺һƬʵůڣϰڷӵǰ

ʱ˿̣һûѹӵ˱ۣҷûеơ

ֻؿǰϤĵҷ˱ǶںڰӾƣйȴƱ޷Ŵ̲סЩ㱵룺ȻҹϮˡ

ԶԶԶԶԲ𣡡
л弱æ˻ӣ

ƹâˮһӹӣӴӻѹֻĴˡ

лĶ²˲ٶõĲҩˮҩɴһһȫ˳

Щ̧ͷҪ˵ȴӭ˷ӵߡ֪أӷӵ￴һ˿Σһ˿

ۻΪ˲ӱ۾ѧ˶ã;ԼȲܴˣι˻Ҫ֣߰ɣ㲻ںԼҿɲǰӰʿ
ҹŮ˧񣬴ȥʲô

ܴҽʤҰٱһܴҡ
лһڣߣӱǱʲôƵ۾ڴϰԲͫССĵƻԾò˼顣

л忴ص˽

ΪյսҲΪϵ˴ɫмֲ԰ף۵ҲһƬڣȥƽոЩȴûηзֻһƬϧǰȵСһ㡣

еȥĶͷգһʱ¶ȣȻɲСֱֻĶͷˡ

Ӻ˵ԼʱʲôܣֻĿֱȥ仰ҲֱӴһγܵôࣿһʱ֮伸Щʹ

ַ·Լʶǰȥһͷ
ж¶Ķñͷ˿мɣȥˡ

Զһ㡣ӿסǻƵĿ˶٣ԼѰ˸ڣȻѹ˿ڡ

Ϊ˿ġлһϲ˯ټ˿ϵʹսҲ޷ȫʩΪ׸˿

£ҿ̡ӵʹ֮ҩֱӲŸ¶ڡ

ЩܴѾˡлҴҽѧһİĦ֮ߡ˾ղźӦս

ʵܴԭҲд飬Ӷֻ˵ʸһƤ⣬ֻ֮׽ļ֪ǷһҽҽŮߣɱѸ¡

лǰĽڣﲻǵݲҽŮһ˼ɼŮˡ

лȡƵǰչҪʩʱżӵ۾һ˲˲ؿ

лİɣ۵ġ

ˡҲᣬ˲٣Ȼ֮ǰлСԺദģˡ

Ӵʱŷ֣ԼǶ˵ʱ⡣

һѨλлģϷ̫Ѩذ

滺ľˮһӿ˿ڵʹ嵭ˡ
ҲʼЩ㱣Ǻʱѧյģ

ҽӪ˱ΪҹܰߣǰҽϿѧˣѵġ

룬⼼պַѣҽ˱ҹﻹҪΪ˱ߣһ˭ɣ
ֻԶɵֿԡ

һ˯ʱ
˯Ϯӵмֺˣź·һ˿ᡣ

лЩ뵽ӣı뿪һĲЦݣһֱЩġ

ʱڵ˵˼仰һҹµĳغȫ⼸仰ɢˡ

̫ѨŰٻᣬɵش𣺡أ˯ʱ

ʱսʱľ˵ȷʵͦˣһС˵ʵࡣ

ĵ۾һ仰ૣˡ




51.  ʮһ   ˵

ɫ, ӪһƬڵĽŲӪѹˡ
ϵĲδһ˿΢Ĺ, Ͷϡ

üǸͦ, ϵ̳ɣƽܴż
˯ŵʱ, лȴмСкӰ

ܴ򱱽Ĵ󽫾Ͽ, лԼĵҲǷġ

ӵƤ΢΢˶

л֪ƽʱ䣬֪Ҫ, £۾ʱˡ

ûκηӦʱ, סµذףȻ, л塣

󽫾ôлҹˮҽˮ, ˲͵ǰ˯ÿɻã

ӣ
˯ֹǺã˵ʱõһڳ, ˯ǰʲôЩˡ

ϻǿá͡

лҩ, ȡĲҩ

֪ҪҩˣԾ⿪½¶õۡ 

ϵļ, ½һֱ䣬صǿݷ

бʿûôིȵʱ̻߶Ҳ, Ҳ˵ˣӴǰ˵ʱ㲻֪ٴΣһ£΢΢죬Լл壬Ǹ򣡡

Ĳҩֱʢֻҩж˹󽫾һǲܴҩõһұһҩ˸¯ʯͶݣζҩʱ˿ڣоʹʱܾãḯʴ˿ڣƼء

ʵܾãָã

ܳ졣л ͣҩ֮˿鷳

峺ͫȫ棬뵽˵˽ʱ򣬱顣

˵ԡ
ܴҩ

⴦˿ڣⳡսֵʤܡ
Ȼǳ˵ΣȫϵһȰǧ֮ãǰЩͳ˧һ˳ᢣǳһȡӴãһ֮ʹǧ˵ĸ΢

ЩδǰȻ֪

˵ζһһֻСӣҪŻţȥһȵڡ룬ҩҲһΪ϶Ͳܴһܾհ죬˵޵ϡﻩ

ʱŷԼˣǺ׿ۡ



леĽ
һʲôˣһշΪػ񡢱㵱һҪԼȥػյˣںԼԼʹֻҪܱҡ

ֻ졣ҩȥ֮ǰл֮ҲΪҩһѾеĸ¯ʯͶݶˡ

ȻͷЦһ

лԸбˣǿ˵ģ

᲻õġӵҩĲ࣬Ǯɲˣˣⲻ𡣡

л壺
úޣ˵˿׾ͱˡ

İɡӵʱ䣬㹻ˡ

*

ͻϮھùǵݲԶûд㣬ͷҲԶԶڴ룬һϰսսռһȡһĲûЯݵϰߡ

շʸԭΪ͸ҵû뵽һɳǸǹȻƾˡ

Ĵӵǹײһ𣬵ϴѹղ£һҪһѹɵĵĳһڡ
ɴһӣˣ

ļ˾û壬һƤˣգ

˶ΪϣҲڰգ˾ʱʲôҩݶ֪˵Ȼνô£ֻǳǳˣӾ޿ܻս

Χıұʿȴ˼ֿ־塣ڷ֮ǰƲ֮ʱɱӣǼֱǼҳ㷹ĶǵҪѶ͵£ǲҪǡ

ɷ֮ӱһȥˣṳ̂ƴһ϶ֽһѰĶ졣
ܴӱ鵽ˮԭֽмСᱻзʳɾ

ڶյҹл˯ãϷ·ɽɱ˫˫񣺡ӣڰӪ

˵ͬʱסƼڴͷл塣
лϹһӣϵģѾ˯ˣڴͷ˯

ҹȥĨĨصûоʲôˣս³ԽҲϾϢϷ·ɽɶԴһ֪ʱڡ׽ڴ͡군ҿʲô֮ҡڡ

л֪϶һЩ˵Ļ棬ҪֲЩеûģ±룬ѷӡ

Ϸ·ɽŻع֮ϷӸһ׷ȥɱһֲ

ǻȥǶӲù˻ȥһңǺúһңǱпɳ֮
ҹǲܴ򿪳ҩһо˿ڵľʹǰּ࣬˵ü䣬ͣ΢΢

·ɽɺϷ涼еʧǱ㲻׷ˣ

׷Ҫ׷ֻҪܣɰ̫˵жҲӵ˸ǧ׷Ǳ治ֻƣ֮ǰ

ʹˮ˵˸߲ҽȥ

ӶѾ۳һȦϸҪлٸ룬лȴضʵô

ӵͷ

ٻô

ҹӪȻǲսӦˡ

ãáлһ䣬Ϲŵıһ˦ӵ´

ӣ

ڱůůģϤķҷϢ
ķ˿ң˹֮ɨĲ׵壬һʱ񱻴ŵӳһǣ˺ü

ҹҹͬһŴ齣ȻлعֻҿŴ˯ڷ˵ȴѾͬ졪ߣֿɼ

ʱ֪ҹĳһ̫ѹ֣˿ڵľʹôмֻ㱣ôһ˹ֻӡˡһ£ʼε

л嶯죬ַ䣬±˷ӵѣ¡

ȵļ¶ڿУʱһ㼦ƤȴΪ䣬Ϊ̫Ѿͷ

塱
ƵӺð

ʱ˿̣ǰֻһл壬ļ񣬷ƣȥһأϸϸ־Ȧס

Լʶȥ§ס
ս뱱ңҽȫɵԺ
ѾݲԵͷֻ֪жϸж

һ̡лһ͵̧ͷɿϾͰҩ
Ȼſӵ͸ĳ죬Ӻڵþˡ

֮лоĺ٣Ϣȡ

лһһȵĿµļ仹ԺʱֻһΣһη
ҪȥһĶ£ȴ͵׽סʵ˵ʲôҩ

ţ˵֮ڱҾͻұʹĲҩҲһšлæ͸ϣûôˡ

ӣ




52.  ʮ   磬ô

ȥ֮, ڰջ죬·Ϊ˲ĵڣǴףҹ, ƴƻҹϨ, 裬Ƭ̲ͣ

󽫾Ϊⳡ, ֻ۹͵ʱ¶һ棬ʱڴڱŲ

ʿ˵, Ǵ󽫾лҽŮСʤ»飬, ˴š

ģлԴӻӪûһҩױ˻

󽫾˵òܴױΪѵִŴ󽫾, лϵʧο, ܿǲл̫ɡ

л÷, ʱλ̫еϲŭ޳

ҩȥԭΪ鲻, Ҳǻϲ, ˵˻
ûڣһ䡰ҹ˯ɡȻߡ

лԭһͷˮ, ֪Լˡ

ˣڿԺ˿ڣҽӪҲԴԴϵرͽ˱, ҹնŮɽӪüһжΪݰԵøá
̫ˡ

ܴһҩ֪лùʲôлʹһ٣ҽ߸ĸģҪϵǲ˵Ŀôܸ󽫾ֻ֮ҩ

ݽ˵֮Ҳѹִ󽫾ˡȫûӷϰ

˵лҲ̲סɻԵ𣿿ѡҩʱ˿ûԥҲʮƶҪġ

ѵ˿ϲףˣǨŭ
ôӶˡ

Լţлڷ˿ڵģʱҹ˾ҽ̲סͣеĶһţǺˣ·ҲҪȥġ

ʵҹʼհ

ڲܴÿնӵ飬ҩ֮ٶȷʵ½Ӻãټҩδ죬ɵӰ첢̫󣬷ӵ˿һպùһգ֮Ȼˡ

ĳȻʮֺ䣬ҽӪ˱֢ȫԭˣ֢ȥƴǵãҽӪæýŲմصڽˣлҲпҽ顣

֮ǰǶι˱л˵·һܼѵǰ̸ֻֽ֮ҽҩ˲֢ʩεĵ

л棬ѧҽĶǿרģԼԸѧˣǷʳ
ʱʼŵ˸Ȥζʳ޵ıȫˣÿ۱ҽҽ˱һ٣Եʱ۾ճϡ

ңΧʲôȫûô⣬ֻԼôҺرæµӪÿ˵ĽŲӿࡣ
ΪԼ·ҲܵģԱʡ·ϵʱ䣬Ҳûϡ

ֱȥҽӪҲܴ򣬷˶ڴҩģʰңһҪ𣿡

尡ܴһæµһ󽫾˾ȫԶңպԴӽҲܸϿˡ

Զңлסˡ 

һδҪȥ򱱵ңǰ
ȻĽǻʵ۲Ԧ죬һսһλݷṦΰʵۺؼʷ֮С

ʹǰĺƴƣҲֻڱҽ֮ʱӭУ˴ǱһΡǰ޹ˣҲߡ

󽫾˲

ȥĮ𣿣лȻץס˲ܴ䣬ʡ
ĮبŮɽ⣬ֱΪĮΪɳɣѰ˲׽ӽ
ǰΪػذҿ嫣Ϊ·һ·ɸ߳죬߳ѰģлΡ

֪ܴʧЦȥʴ󽫾

ľڶʱо·ȻҲڻܣл֪Լ֮ȷʵʴˣϽҽ飬һʰ

ֻ֪ؾͻ˴ʵͣЩױûһϷȥлҲûֱӪĵӣֻѰ˼ţˣֻҪһܹ֪ˡ

*

治
ڣƿһߣлıӰԶɩɩֳˣ

˼װ׵Ĺ㲻Ҫ˵
ӷŷݲӣ¾ֻ߱ΣһһֱΪһ׼׼ˡ


ûǴĻȥҲ˵仰ڿ룬һ˲ϲ̵ػȥԷˡ

Ȼˣˣ㸮ϵĸ߹ܼҴ
˵Ҵȡһֻŷ

Ӵŷ⣬￴˿δȡȴһʱЩ㯣Ըױл


˵ʲôţ

ã߸ȫõģһ׵Ͳˡ
˵űҪˣȴ¡

£

ӣ¡



лߵ·˻
һμӣмѾˡ

ȻźͱʿһĲޱ飬лԼһ̤һĴ󽫾ϡңԶɱ߲ʡ

Ϊڲ࣬лһʱе֪ѯʣȥ֮ӡ
ʱδӣ߲Ծ˸һ˺һԽסˡ

ڵĲֻһӵҲһ˿Ӳ
лûˣȴʱл塣

ҽҴȥﻹдǣʱߵ·üͷ飬վ·жܿ

ǶԶԶһƳû߽ҲûҶ࿴ֻƼһɳ裬һϴ׵Χȹչѩӳյ׵⣬ѣĿòŲߣⱻˡ

Ǵ˿վ˽ǰԼƵ·ҪµĿȱȫ߽̰꣬ϡ

ֻһ仰˵ֻ߾Ͱ֯ܲ͸磬÷һ͸ĴͬʱԼڴ˵صһֶࡣ

߿ֲΥӵĽֻ̾˿һ䵲סԼ

һӵ̻ˣһ±飬ϵһֻŷлƹǸġ

лҲع񣬴˸ǡ֣ǰӹ

һݷƴǳ˽ϵ䣬滹һСԺСլ
ǡл塱

леԼˣȥ˺ü飬ȻĪǼٵİɣ

ʲôʱƴլˣ
Ǵ֣
ѵʲôȥƭӷ֣Բſϼˣ

һʱЩûܱס䵭顣
ʱǻֻ۾ùԲѣڿɰ

ȥƴȹһҴʦǵ飬ˡ龡ƽҲһ˿ϲŭ֮ǰ뱱һսҩйġ

ⷿģ
ʶʵлˡ

һƶϴûլӣҲƴǵ飬Թݷֵӡ
Ҳ֪ƴǿǱ׸һݷȻҪһԼⱲӶĿ

ԭھл칦ô򵥵ֻǻһҩܵһլӣ

Ȼӽµ⼸ʰһ£Σסȥɡ

л㶣˼Ҳһ𣿡

ѧҽδãҽǳС

л忴˿ķһʱе¡
һΪҩйլӣһΪҽǳһʲô

ɷѾ׼ֻͣȥɡ

л죬˿Աߵķ׻û˵ʲô뿪ˡ

׼ӣ˵û䣬ﻹ㲻졣ڲǰʲô뷨Ҳϰ˵ϰȥִ

ٿӣ磬ģ
ֻ᲻лսܿ࣬ؽǣլӵķӣҪˡ

ӵ㲻

ôͲˣֵҵĺ֪ɲٺ𣿡ϲýֹɵúܣҪ֣

ŹɣʵΪִ˵ţ̾˿鲻ϲͳɵġ⣬ǧҲԸȥһ⣬ֺαվ


վָսҲָݡ
ʲôϱִһͥӭĽ˾˾һһǣĽıеı㣬ǸСҽŮʵ޷ʤΡ


뿪ʱӵ磬ô

ӱʵһʲô

ûʲôһѾ絽棬ϾĴˣۡ
˵꣬һգѾȥԶˡ

ӣ

*

Ӻεġ
ҹȴ˯øⲻȡ

ѩƮ䣬ڵȴʺһ㣬ϻѪѩٶ࣬ѪˮѩȫȾˡ

һο˹µ֣һο뷢Ļȳ棬ڵû谵޹⡣

ие˿־塣
ǰУ뷢֮ʱֻзŭͲʣɽҹػξȴǿ־塣

ૣҪ

ɸ÷ĻǷˣǵݵȻǰ
ХӰ˴⬡

ӰסĻУǰʸڽӿѪ
ûʹ֮ɫһ־׵ᡣ

ʶо޴Ŀ־廻԰ٱƵʹ·𱻼ʸеǸԼ


͵ͷһƬ亹

ΣֲֻΡ

žڴʱĺűƿһ졣
ʮ壬վһ¹⣬ӯ

еµӰʱǰʻĵ˽




53.  ʮ   Ҫ


лհᵽСǶʱ, ԭŵĺϰߵġ
Ǵǳǻϰ߸ˡ

ΪʲôҪأ
һףȥѰ󡰱, һ, ǲ㣿

ٺѾһ, 㲻ٱֲʵʵĻ룬ֻѾϰ߲ˡ
Ȼȴˡ

ӻŰ, һʱסˣԼΡ

󽫾, ŵİɣ 
¹࣬ȴһƬлվű, ۲ֻƾ䳯Ŵ齵ķ, Ҹղˡ

ʮְ, ·֮ǰֻǴ
ױŽлֻܳҹһԡ
̫ױѲߵʱ䣬ױǰŸߣű˴ʺ, ȴ̲סĥһ, Ϊ֪˵ӡ
ººͣǿӲҲǿӲһ, ֱ˰ͻƴǣɾҲûлȥĮˡ

ԥʱǸ֡
ݵ·ŨصĿ־, лһӱ̤ڣ֮󲻼ӻش𣬺ڰֻԼڴϢ̲סʵǲجˣ

һ㡣
ڳʮೳ

л۾Ӧһڵĺڰ򴲡

˵ıںڰиԸоϢԽԽҩŵķҷǶлһ˵ζ
ůġġл塣

ܰڻɢһجΡ

̫ˣֻҪһ֣ܽС

վס

лֻٶȿڣԹͣ¡
Ƽģһ壬лȴʮֽҲǣл壬ҹܽ˷У߽߽ɵô

л岻֪˵⻰ʲô˼ѾĲãͷһãԴ󽫾飬˵ʲôȥ

ˣлҲֻӲͷƤ󽫾ȷʵұǸҽѧôõҽҽ޻ҽҶСʹҰɣһ˿Եʹ

ɡֱӴлĻͷ

ҿ԰լ˻

ɡ

Ұˣȫúòã

ɡ
Ӻֻ˵֡

л޼ƿʩ˵ɣҪ

ӣ붼Ҫ롣

лһʱû˵˼žһлٴοڣǹⲻȥԲԣ

ںڰ΢΢˵һֵʱѾԵĲ

ҲѧҽʱƫҪѧҽʱƫһûЧҪѧҽΪʲô
лȭͷյýģ˶΢΢ʳһֱȴʵ£ȴҺģҽҿԾˣιܶ˱һθžãҲǴӪˣΪʲôΪʲôǲȥ

лûдޣѾȫǿǻһֶ˵ȥˡ
ǻʱǴ˺ö鸹壬ÿһ鶼оݣڵȴôôһС˼Ϊʲôǲǡ


ںڰзһ̾Ϣһ˲л屻õڴϣͷһĻݽůı

ôôܿްӵʡ

лƷֳ룬һ뻹ίһ˳ĻҭŴ𣺡ҡҲޡ
Ȼʶκ񲻴

ǳǶӣлչƣҩ²ʲôʱֻǲǴ򣬲ܣֻԼӦþְ
ʱֻǱôţǼͷؿڣǿҵʶŮˣϵǿӵ

һůӰűӴӺϣӻ£ůذ

øƵģͷվ˶ã
һʣһ洵˻ӣԱߵ
ɢ˺ڰɲʱλƵĹâлϻۣ۾һƬʪСɵıǼ΢΢죬ʱҪ鶯һ¡

ˡ
롣

ԭΪһƬڰ֮У˵λǲĿǻм֮Բŵϵơ
ϵƣһˮۿôһ˫ʪġˮ۾ŷԼش

ȱˣЩεصҷ˷ͼһӣһ֮ԼûֶֻʱԼݸȰ

лӷЩ˸﷢һʵѰǶԵġ
ϵķӺԱȰĴ󽫾Ҫ͵ö࣬һҲ˵öࡣ

̧ץס䣬ȴûᣬץػ˻Σ󽫾ĺ
˶٣ǰεĽ˳ӵػһƺӿһ˿ӵġϣĹ⣬ȥɣ

Ҫ

Ӻ֪˿̾Ͳٿһ˦ȫӵ뷨ֻǹһ𶼲Щ͵ĹâĿֱ۸Ǳģ䱻߬һܶ

С
Լ֪Լô³ֵģĻԼ˳ս֣ԶʤѲҲȥ

⻰һڷӾͺˣŵجλǰ˹ҪջֱۣȴȻлץýģе𣺡ԲΪΪ

ΪµżȻ붺ӣǸԼèèèèʲôƫǸʲô

֪սգҲϲ̣ǣһ̴ӮˣҾҲû۸˶Բԣ
лؿﻹһ˿ˮ⣬ǰһҲ飬ֻ밲ӣɾһδսѾˣȰѻ˴ſ£ܰӡҸһȥɣܸͦɵġ

һǫúܣͷһԴޣϱ̲סЩ죬Ѿ˵һŵʦһֱĮֻһ¹ڣұȥĮʦؼˡ󽫾ǻᾭĮģ԰ɣ

лǲ˵ģһ˵ô໰ʱָ߬΢΢ףߵ÷죬ȴȻֱ

óȫϺ

ӷԼûа취ܾ




54.  ʮ   ҩ

ҴӦ㡣ӵ

л۾ԭһ˿, ʱȴһֻˣӱҪԼ, 𲻴Ӧ

лҲͷӦ, Ӧ

һ, һӾΥ档

ӾǾְ, л嵱ȻӦ¡

һ, ӽ󣬲ҹڣӡ

лͷ, ôˣš
˵Ůܲףôҹ˼ȷʵ˵ȥ, Եķ, Ҳ²ߡ

ӵս֮Ӿ, ҽȥɡ

л̲ס̧ͷ, ˭ҽţ

ЩϵҪιţɼϲӵ, Ҵңʮأȥϲ°ɡ

, ӸλȨлδϿ㴺⣬ʱǲɣúܣǻ˺üƵġ

󽫾л̲סʵ㵽ΪʲôҪѧҽģ

ӣֻ˵𲻴Ӧ

ӦҶӦ
ֻҪȥʲô˵ֻǻе棬ûٿڣѵ֮գϷ档

лæͷ

ƻ΢΢ζһʱֻбͣЪĳɨ
ҹУŮ
ӵ΢΢˽ӣЩͳ£

лԭЩģ˼ԼʣһʲȻϹ񣺡򡢴Ŵ󽫾ˣҡߡ
һϹһˣЩײԱߵĵƼܣæһЦЦˡ


㱿ֱŵģ
̲ס롣

ƻճӢͦüĿһ˿Цڻ̲סǡ
ǾⱿֱţҲɰý

*

ʮģлӦһ꣬Ǵ֮ա
лԸرϷĶ

ּ·ǸߵȽ첻֪лֻԼҽӪľҽҽŮʮ֮Ų²ԼǷ·

ֻǱ·뿪Ӫʱڣ磬һ·ȴĥĥ䣬һвʮԶԶں档

лǶˣۼʵûˣ̲סѰ˸ᣬϷʱܵҡ

Ϸ֧شҪסƴǵ֮
;ԶһжʮȫĮ

о죬ʵһ·Ѱʵפأһڽʱһɢڸأϱ֮䴮һӣŽ
֮⣬ǻһ֧ǰսֲҪԮ֮ʱ滻Уɱս֡

ǣǻᾭĮ𣿡лʡ

˭ᾭĮʲôطˣ̵ʣ˰ֹɳСˡϷ˵ȻסˣлӦ˰֪⡣

һȥĮˡ
ǵȥĮϷھŮɽһĵطлһںôðһ򣬱ʿܵӦ

л壺Ǵ󽫾ķԸ𣿡
˵⻰ʱмҧгݡ
ʱףˣûȫ˸į

ţӿǰԸת仰Ϸһ䣬ǵԼ£ڶ䣬˵˴
Ϸŷӽ⻰ʱ֣صʮֺ棺ʲô˻

Xʰ
лһˮ̱㽽Ϩˡ

˵˵ʲô˰

л̧ͷϷ棬·ɽɲһԺֵܣʲô˼ס

л룬Ͻ벻Ȱ

һ仰ֱشϷѣϷ浱ڵϣôȣ
ȥսлҾͰ㡣

Ϸ˽лһ㣬Ͼ֪ԾΪ˵ѵĹûãͷֲԾشˡ
ϷûУֻһᰲ֪⣬סϷȫͷлûҪܰҴ߷磿

л壺
ʵȫûôֻʶ֪һкʹһ׼ϷϹ
û뵽һкʹ˵زϷ治˹ϹǰԼѶҺˡ

ле飬ŵͷ

Ϸһ£ֻһ¡
Լϻزӻʲô³תһ룬лﰥӵܶӲĳ˿סƴǵլȥˣô

һׯϵһΪĸĸ׺䡣


л֮࣬һǴ𡪡˾Ǹ߷š

*

ʮϷŽ׵ִս
ʱպѺ͵ĵһ˴ȼü֮

ɿսѾһˡ
ûһĲãǱ··ֱ룬ػذϷʱս

ȥԭɳĮشɽ٣˶ĿΨѸײڶ֮ɱ룬ǣסȫпɳ֮

˵ֱӿ
Ѿˣ궼ûзֳʤһȻҲֵܷó

ҲйɵĴ㣬յ룬ϳԵԽ鷳ʤԽ

Ǹ˼ּȴزıϣǾһ֡ϡ

ʱתůˮһ׺ӸʱʱһܣʱԻɧΪ

Щڳ»ȥϴһǹ÷ӵ˺ϴˮĶˣչʾĸߴ׳˶пҫ֮⡣

ȷʵãһʵĵڽʿ£⼸ƥÿһƥڵúܣûһܲ࿴ۣٿҪ

лһͨʿŴִӪ֮ʣʿںӶϴ

ʱ󣬽ɫƿƲ㣬ںϣҲϡƥˮ֣ýǷڿնȥ

лСʦ˵˳ΪЩ˳ߣԳƵǵˡ

ĿĵҽӪϷ֮ǰ̣ǧӷˣҿҲˡ

лͷѣҲǰաһ˼ս˰Ǵͻȥеڶֿ

Ϸȥ
ƿŵģл߲˹ȥͿڰϴŲ֧ࡣ

ڲͷƣƲһлȴһ˲㿴˸ͦıͷ

Ҳֻеӿһۣٶ࿴ֻ»֡

Ȼ̧뿪֮ڵķʶ̧ͷ⡣
ԼеӰΪϤŵӦǴɡ

ָԼУҡҡͷ
еǰɷ

*

սԶȱȱȱлҽҽܴ֮á
Ҫһ㣬òܴеԥ󽫾ʱ˱ӪһƵģѱ¶ڡ

һ㣬лѾˣ͵ǴӵС󽫾ҪʱȺһͿˡ

ݽô͵͵ҲǸ¶ҪϾȥѴ󽫾ҹϮ˰ɡˣҪչˡ

лǰѾԴҡ˲˹ģһˣˣôˣô

ģģϲ˵˿ڲûݽմ󽫾Ǹսһ󽫾ǰնһǼϱͱһǹΪ󽫾ҪֻҪ꣬ǹȵ˾˻˵øЩ

л۰Ͱ͵ذܴ򣬲ܴͷԼǵӼ׹Ӳ˿ȷʵҩ֪ˡ

лսţ¯ҩȷʵǲѪⶾȵҩģδû֮ҩȷʵء
лһŷַԼȫļⶼˡ
ܹʵǴ󽫾˵ıʮָ߳ǳܼһˡ֣ǰ뵽ı˺ۡ

ɡлӹݽϵȣǰŵһҩǹۣս˱ӪԶΪ

ҩ֮л˸ܴȻȥ˱Ӫæ

*

ӳڰһɲܴ⿪ɴҩһ·ɽһǰɳ̣оٶȣԼܻϵıҲ䡣

ܴ򻻺ҩ󽫾úҩˡ

ӵͷҪһɣȴڵһȥʱͣ룬üͷ

ҩ𵽷࣬ൽѺȵĳ־硣

ֻһң޷ֺš




55.  ʮ   ط

ҩ˭ģʡ

Ӻҩǲ, ôһʲܴ֪ˡ
л尾ҩ˵˵ǣⷴӦ, ǿ²ǡһ

Һ֮ǰѾ׹˴, ܴæﰾġ˵һлҽŮҩķӡʲô𣿡

ͣһ£ҩһ, ûʲô

ܴߺ·ɽɼӳٳٲ, ̲סʵӣҩʲôŹ֣ҪҪѲܴץ󣿡

üͷһ壺ȥϷץ

·ɽע⵽õǸץ, ϷʱⲻһŰϷ߽

ˮϷ棬ϲ

ϷΪ, ʱͰ·ɽɴһǿűʾ⡣

һ·ǰ㶼ԷôлΪλս

Ϸʶȥ·ɽɡ㲻˵ûлûšл塱𣿣

·ɽҲһ, 㲻ɣ켸Ǵ粽û뿪, лӰӶûŰƬ

*

л˱Ӫһҩһ軻ɴȥӱϴ

εڵòˣڱұ»ӪĺˮҲ峺

ˮ, Щָ, Ӷû
Ҳ˵ǱԸ⣬ʱ̤ӹ

Ȼ, Ķǹ/󣬹Ҳûкùӳԡ
һӱ㲻ܳΪ, ʼմڼΪŵĽ״̬

ˮ߹һ䣬лں䴦ͷϴ
δϴ꣬ˮһӰͷֻһ°վߡ

ΪǲܴģæţҪ˵˺Ȼס

ѥǾгľѥҲǱʿĲɫۣˮӳĵӰ쳣ͦΣĿģͦȴɼ

ӡ

лȫӲɲǼͨ

ô

飿
ǵӱ͸͸

ܲϳ˰ɣ

˺ô˿ô

лġ

أߵ˶һ쵽ˮС

лŷͷˣɴ˳£ñŻС
ӵĪҪʽȱúܡ

л̧ۣɿƷӡ
ֳںͷ˲ݵϣͷ졣

л岻ϸ

֮ǰľһƳ˿Ƶʵʵ
ʮδһЩüҲһ˿֮ɫȻڳīһ۱˾ȥţܰġ

ֻǣôƣûܴƳһ˿ŭ⡣
Ȼûʲô飬Ƿɡ

ӳٲϴҪˡ

л壺

µʵЩԾлӣٲԾŹűϰˣϰ˾ͶԾˡ

ĬĬϴɴӾԱ죬·ʱӷصľнѳֻΪ磬ɹɹ̫

ƥˮȫڷ粢˼꣬ŴյϢһͬʵأӴϺƺƵɨ

л㱾úǰҲйһһ̣з磬ˮݣһƬ֮
ˣһգ֪׷ϴʱ

׷⻹𣿡
л岻Ծʳ˿ڡ

ӿһۣлҽŮǰ֮ˡ

лͷϴɴԼһʱûס졣

ڴӪûᱻ֡УҲһʱԺˣʱúøɻȵһһһһ֣Ҳûаһˡ
û뵽һȻͱˡ

ȥ벻ף̲סʣô֪ģ

Ϸ棿ܴ
ܡͬıˣô

ҵԸϷ棬ȻһϷĽףͲҪˡ

е󣬷ķ˿Щңסһĳ嶯̾˿
ԵĴҩǣûսǵġ

л壬ô㲻̾Ϣ

л˵ͷǺеع㻹Ҳ˵㻰

һ˵㻰ƫƫӶã㲻ôҪȡлĺǣҲӦΪ쵽

ۿлʵǼˣرǷӵϣӳȼᶨѹɽֻòۿˣֻҪĲ

ҵԼ£ǰԼ𣿡 һ˿ŭ⡣

ǡʲôԼ£ڿҵġлȭͷʹԼӭߣ²죬ƭˡ

ӣ

۾ɵԲԲмĹĵӣ÷Ӻָϴһ
ͷ̫ǿˣ˱ŭ濪ʼʡѵȷʵ̫ôСӶÿҧˡ

лƿԣԼоԼƺռϷ磬еϣ

ȻǵȻת۱ʧˣ㻹ˣ

л룬ȷʵûٵҲûõȥǱ˴˱˴ˡ

⻰ǲҳڣǿرˡ

ӾлӺһö{ӣһ㶼ۣ˴Բ⣬ֻаŻ¶¼ʵĹˡ

ʱ¶˵ģͬ˳ûаϵĵȫǹִ

ӦòʲôģƫƫƵеԣ˫۾գˮ٣ɷǺÿ

ȥŪȥûôˣӳˮ˵°ͣɴ

лһĲܶãôһִϴŵɴƯˡ
ƯûͦԶлϽЬӣȱˮȥ̡

ԭַҲԼػ
òˣһϣӺͲʹֻ۾˼࿴һۣٶ࿴һۣǲ⣬˵

֪ܿԼˡ

лԭðףһؽմˮǰ׵Ŀԡ

µС˱㹭һ΢΢𣬰Ľű·ĹǲŴڳƵġʮָͷ΢ԲÿһƬָ׶һöһ

л屧ɴϰѰ˼ڰѻ˵֮ǰɱϴˣϴҲǰװ׷ɴ
Զ⣬пûмһྻɴʱܾһ˱ɵ治̣

ȻصϣֻӵıӰߵּֿ죬·ʲô顣

ҿⲢûʲôҲѶ

ʵЩ֡

*

ҹˡ
ڵĵƻ𱻴úͼϣͼϵ·

ѣڰǰüģмƽ
ĴָĦĶľϤĴдһ˿

ƿδһҩζȱ˹

ҹҩʱ򣬵ҩĲǲܴ򣬶л塣

ǻݽ⡣
ݽ˵Ȼ󽫾֪ˣǻҴŸʲôȻҪǰգ֪и֪֪ȵǶôѵáңҪ˼᲻÷ˡ

ݽĽ龭ڡȫס͡ʮֹá֮Ծлһѡ
һϴѷӺ˳أ

һ֪Ϊǳһԭڰϵ͵һ
ٶȼ첻˵ȻҲСѵ̨ڵأͰŵоͼϣת˲

о֮ʣͼлҲû룬ȥѻ

ȻҲ룬лһæסȴһʱûסлֱϡ

֪ףȴԼĸܡֻ֣ϸ壬Ửָ·һ顣

Ȼͼл塰˻һ֡

ô

ûûСлæҩŸӣû˸Ӱҩǰҩ

ü

л壺û¡

һδˣѾ׽ס

ڴʱડһ죬ʲôӷϹлűߡ

лͷһƣһֻľС񣬵񹤺Լֻһޡ

һֻ´ѣȻǸŮӡ

ֻǲ֪ιʣСƱпһӡ




56.  ʮ   

ûлٿЩ, ѾС

ǡʶڣлֹ֪סˡ
СȻǴ󽫾ǵŮӡ
˵˽, ๣

ǡ֪Ҫʲô, ɿص·ɽɵġһëë, 

лͷŶһͷ޶мֽɬ, ŴĪ˿
ҺҺãײƵ·ɽ˵С, ײƴ󽫾ģ´󽫾᲻á

ҩҪˡлҩǰһ㡣

Ҫҩ룬һŽ, ͳԶž޵ʡ

ϮӪ洫, оϮӪ

, һۣһӼס
ֱ̧ȡǹл壺ڴ˴ǧĪҪȥ

лԹԵͷ, ʱﲻæ, ҡ

Ӵ̤Ӫʡ

ҹĴӪԭΪʱȴԭһֱХŵķˣɱཻ֮, ԼӶĲҽ

л˵ƴһս
ʱһ˼žȷӣҲ˲Ϻ, ʱֻɱ󣬵оѳ嵽оʣս֮͸һʱԳ

ʹǹûԵıлͷӬѰһȦֻҵһ
ǹֻ̫ץһѼʸƾżһԼһ֧š

ۡһ죬ײ񣬽һĨѩĵ⻮ƿһĿӣŴһѪ⡣

ӣҳ
һ˿ױǵѷ
쳣ߴһ㣬ϵŰۣ߰ϰűʯ󣬿ȥȻݲ͡

ĿлϣŮˣ

лߣ
ױԺ󷽻ӵ˫ָһ䵶벻ӳ

֪þȫסһ
ϴޣ̷ֻһ춯صĿ𣬸žȥ

ױԾؿ˺ƹ͸ѷϡʺһ֧

лﻹʣµļʸ׼ˣȫڷ
˻ӵļ϶þȫѼĲ

׳ԿڸͷСҲСˣȴƫˡ
׼ܽʱѪ

ױٴλӵϣ˵˫ն¡
˷һ˫ױȻ²ļ

õĹ󣬼Ҳ˾޴ȴСӵ

˵ĻŮˡ˲Ѫ죬¶ЦҪɱ㡣

˫նл޴ӣӵ֮ӭȥһ֧׼Ҹ磬Ƕûױܴ׼Աܿ߹ֱࡣ

Ȼжʵжпᣬ⻹ûˣ˱Ѿһӵն¡


лתܣһܻһ汧ͷͷܣӵ¡

һʶûãһ׷ܰ⽴

ȫãԽ֮ǱˣֻʣԭʼıܣҸط

ͷʹԼڽʧ

ȻԤе׷ûйɱϣȻվƿڴһ㣬һ

лէӣ̽ͷһֻۣԲɵͭСǿʲôµһĻ

ƹǰһһǹͷ

ȥȴûеأǹںסȥһббơ

лͼˣ߼ԵϵǷӵǹ

ֻǹأ

Ȼл˲Ϻ£ƿڴ
һƬս跭ڵأң¹䣬Ѫɱ˼

һƬ֮п˷ӣɵľ룬ҵսȦ֮С
Ѿûǹˣһʬϵĵоȥ

ս˸ߴ࣬뺷쳣˴Ѫȴ˿͡
ӵıȻ֣·磬ֻ׷ܣǿ֧š

л岻֪ôս֮зΣգôһͶǹġ

޴𾪺ͻ̿ĹͷȻ˺¡

Ǹǹǹʬ嶼̫أֳһʵĽǶ֧һл᲻

ǻܲܶлױ

ױϸԴѪ֪˼ҧǹ˳
лڿڣһڣһʱϤ˲ա

лױҪ󽫾ǹһ𣿡
ױͷģ

ŲĶҪˡ
һ˾ӹǹ
ǹּû磬ȻͲȥ

ױҲڲ࣬о

л嶢ǰصƴһգϵֻŷһˡ

ĺɱױĺ죬ױأ˵Ĳҽƥıһըڶϡ

ɵľֻʣɣֻҪ̤Խǹ͵ǰ
ȴǵʧȥķұĵͷն

壡

л˵ڽ֮ʣǰƼԼǰ

ʲôҲûƼֻƼӾ¶֣гտķǰѿлĵ

һٶʧ˱С
Ѿ׷ϣıһն¡

ӣ
лվþȫǸ˳صǹȥ

ǹ֣ͷҲûشǹ˳ǹˣǹֱӳͱ˹ȥ
˶һѾڱصã˲뼸ֱ𣬶Ȼǹ綾綴Լȥǹײ


ټУȥŶһǹȻ˼ͷƣЩϵ


ұ嵽ࡣ

˱żͷӶŷӣһ㣬˱
ұ˺Žǡ

ɣΪҵӪʲôǹ֣üȻ߾ߣôף

ҹɫ˳ԭΪսıʿˮ㼯ᡣ

ĽŲʿ·ɽɺϷĴ£źصĶƽγһܵİΧȦصʱ棬ɼء

ɶŷӣ֪ҽҹϮӪ

µġӵϲ䲻⣬ʱˣʱˣԽ˾òܳʱ򣬴׳òµúܡ

ɣ
ڹɶԣһϵ͵ϮΪ˧ˣûϵõѡʱ

û뵽һս֮ʵȴǷӳųȥؾ׼һٽΧ֮

Ⱳ£Ĵ󣬾ǵһûҪ
˵ţһӵ

壬˺󡣡ӵһ䣬ӭȥ

ضƸлóһ·л֮Ѹ£
ⲻлһսȴлһؿһս
˵˫ΪҰޣȥ˺ҧԷѪ⣬һöԷأ˵սһͷ̰ľޣ˫ʳ

л岻ٿʼ˵ıʿ

һսֱŽԭΪԻ׽ɣ֮󱱵ҵԮ㿪ʼɴſһѪ·˳ȥ

ͬǶսһҹѾЩƣȴȻ׷ֻ֮ƼȥԶˡ




57.  ʮ   һ

л岢δۿһĻ, ȥ֮ʱҽӪæµ
ÿһս֮ҽӪԱ

Ƶʱ, ӱһ

󽫾˱վĶ׷վ
˱ǳܵĲǵֻϵʹ, жδĿ־δĻģѹ˴

Ǵ඼ҽӪο˱һ, սȶսҲɨòʱ򣬺ٻմ̱̽ӵ, οĻǴ󽫾ˣ˱Ƕʱٱ, ֻ˶һ롣

ӹο˱֮ʣлҲһ˿ڣΪ󽫾, չ¶ڱʿǰ, Ӱʿ, Ҳҿڡ

뿪ʱ򣬻ݽл屳һѣȥ͡

л岻ȥݽοʣҲû㼱, ˼˵ʱü, ûƼôοʲǸͷġ

лһֱͷæµûƼ, ݽƳţֻӾվⲢδԶڵӡ

ɫδȫ, һƬǰף߻һ£ϵҹɫûȫɢ
վɫУδϻŵѪֻͷ¶΢΢ɢҵķ١

˿ɢҲûƣΪ˼ֲ֮⣬һλͷѪ佫δɢȥѪ

лʱ򣬲֪Ϊʲô΢΢е㷢
峿Ĳԭ̫ˣҲǣ뵽֮ǰȶӱе

󽫾סԼǰ

ţӴϵ´ʡ

лҡͷõúܣֻΪ˾ױһһˣЩȻ

սӿŶգϻδɵѪݽ档
˶٣ʵô

лɪһ¡
µġ
ǻһǿµĴͷ񣬻ǵѾͷĵ⣬;ԼجΡ

һɪһ˲ǰһ˻

л屻ͻȻϵļлմҹ¶ĺͱϢȴһƬȡ

лɲǼֻǿŵıһȥӼʶˣԴҲ鵽ǰ

Ȼȫδͬ⣬˳ӿĸĻһ㡣

ֻסúÿһ

ֻֻ߬ȭͷȥ½Ҳ۾ŬҲҲãǴ̣֪ģܵסûµġ

Ҳãˣԭö˵ġ
ӵ͸һ˿ѹ֣л岻֪־Ҳ־ġ

ң˿̻ܰȻվǰ
壬ٽһɺã

л̧ͷһãȻʲô

ǹʱ򣬽ʲôдһ˿ٺЦ⣬һ

лҽӪæҲ̲࣬һֱýģϾԵ£ʱһ䣬ʱ죬һˣͰͣҽȥɻˣ˱ܶģҪҪҪҪΡ
һ˵һҪĶӡ

һץס󣬵ĪҲǸ˱һҪлϡ

ͳò񻰣л䶼ˡ

ӿͷɿ֣ǱϷѾӴѰ
лҽӪſڻͼӺϷ漱ʷȥȻʱŵúܡ

ս³æʱǰѵ²

*

ģҪѱȫˣ
лҩʵʱ򣬱·ɽ޺޵

ϷһԴ˸ᣬǵֲУҪŪЩ־ͺˡ

Ҳ׷̾Ϣ
ڲԭһۣı
ıս

ս·磬Ǵһֱڱǰ·Ҫԭ

ÿһʵ۶ŪЩսͨõҲǰԼҵ񱦱Ƶģ͸ʮƥۺ񫣬һȫġ

л岻Ҵڽ죬İҩ鵽ϡ

һֱ̧ҩ̣лҩ룬ȴû뿪

£
лСûҩˡ

һҹսӵ˿ֻѱѡ
űðޣǸҲʵǲҪġ

ҹԪˣûˣֻǷȻ׵˷ػȻǴ˻ȥ

ʻû޲׵ӷ϶ﴩðϵĹứ졣
ϣлҽϣȡõĲҩֱȥ⿪ӵ´

лҪô
ӵƺһ˿Ц⡣

лҽӪ֪˵˵壬ӱˣҲѹˡ

ɲ֪أ˿Ц͵͵ģĶ΢΢飬ý´񲻶Ծ

ҪǿԼҪûк˼룬֮󣬸ҿɴ

˿ڹȻˣѪȾƬţĿġ
Ψһֵҵǣ˿ڲѵĳ̶Ҳû֮ǰôˡ

˸ɾĲǰѪʱʮ棬ȫȻǴ˵̬ȣһһް

ӵȴ
·ԼʶһָƤ⵽ȫȿַֺ飬ë

ԭΪ߾þɳ㲻ǵǹ룬ҲͭƤˣָȴ쳣Уֻһ΢΢

лָֻµļ̵þˣҽǰѪþ֮󣬽ʵȻ죬·ǴѪ͸ĺ졣
ֻƸȥٴȷˣȷʵ̵òС

󽫾㡱лôֱҪȥĶ£ָ̧֪ͱץס

ץСǯһ㣬̧ͷֻɫǺ죬ӺڵþˣԼ٣ڴϢ

˼ɿ֣òܴ

ΪʲôлȻò𣿡

ûвã̫ˡ
õԳ

һ޴սƬδۣΪʱ

ָţϢıǼ⣬ǵõҲһѳֵסο˵Ĺ

òܴظһ飬΢΢ƽһϵĴϢ֮⣬һҹȥ˯һƴǡ

лһΪһսѾͬˡ
ҡܲȥô˱Ҫ֡ңҲµģҲɱ˵ġ


˵𶶵ôһ֡

ԭΪӵʶȷѪ꣬Ȼŵû겻ᣬֻϿ뿪
һ룬£Ѿŵˣüˣǹ

ƽʱŵӱ˭Сһ˵ǹּ֮ǰȴֱǰ˿á
ԶһĻ

㲻¡սϵۣʹҲһܴס㡣

лһʱͣҹӾΣζԼվʱˡ
ͷͱˣҪӮҵģܻסÿһˡ

ǵģͳ˧ĿԶյʤܻסÿһˡ
㲻ǡÿһˡΨһİ塣

Ӱյս֡
ΪԶ㡣

úϢճӵ󣬵ÿֶȼᶨ·ݷУھͻȥ˯òܴ

Ļû˵꣬Ϊлס䡣
ʵ˱ϣһš

лһţᳶ˳ɣĲߡ
˵ţӣ̧ʪ۾

ˣӡ




58.  ʮ   ҿ

л, ƺԡӡжӣԼΪǱһˣû˸һ֡
, Ҳһ̤Źصʱ, ȫµ״̬²źó

˴ԼɣԽǵòʲôԽҪʲô

Ȼһһ, ӵޱ޼ʣݽȥ
ĺҲӼ, ˫΢΢⶯һáȻҪѿڶ

лɫȴ˲ˡƷȵ, ʺӲþ˿˴Ŀġ

л嵱ʲôԺֹѪҩ, ɿ죬һǳ, ɴһ, ڴؿŷӣѷǸá³

Ȼǻһˣӿ㺲ˣҲȶ, һ̵ķ±޼᲻иɻĴ󽫾, ʮֳȥЪϢɡ

л壺
ôŶ̶һĹͷ
ۿҪӦģ

ɽòӡ
ڶ죬лεʰԼͷһɢİ, ڲܴͻݽͬ£ʮʧǣ뿪

صϷҪʧ

ضһϷص̾˿߰ɡ͵Ҿܻ, Ըܸϵ̵

ķ֣һǮþл֪ΪȰ֪⡣

ԲסˡлĬĬ
Ϸԡ

ܴͻݽл͵ԯţ·Сġ
·ɽҲϷ浽ˣȥء

лһǵһ治ͷʷ
һѲߵıʿ߹һƬȻûжһ¡

Ǹڻ²µķӣֻһ

л̾˿Ϸһ˴Ӫʮ˵Ķ

ֵ󣬱ְϴ裬ˮһƬ˻ʮڡ

лЩߴ׳˶ıȻһʵܹȥ𣿡
Ϸ㣬ܲһһڳ˰ͻȥʲôɡ

л߳ǲģֻһۣһ۾ͳɡ
Ϸ淭Ű۲ϣлһʱҲѰ뷨˵ֻҪȷһ۱ɣǱڴԺȥȥ

Ϸ󾪵Улӱ߷ɳ۶ȥ

ұϴ֮ʣʿżģ䲻ȴΪ˴˶ڶԷ֮⣬İװ˷ѼʸʲôҲûУرûȥˡ

ʱлһ˴粻ͷȴӯýлͷСᣬ̤ˮܵҪһ㡣

л壡Ϸѣڣһ

лͷе
ս񾭽ţǹƥ˲һ£Ϸ׷ս±Ҫһˡ

ϷȻҲ֪λļϵˣôһ̶ֱѨҪҪˣ

ԥֻ죬׷һӶ硣

˼ֻһˣССģûнлЦЩơ

ܿǱٴУ׷׷γ˱
лһͷ

׷һĺɫϵķֳһǹȫףüĿɭ䡣

һЮǣ׷Խ磬ӭϱұ
꣬һƥΪǿʱһԼʶҪ٣ȴлס

ʱٽˡ
̵תͷϷѾִ˳˹Ϸһ·ɽ

лһʱ˲ãܼлʱһץס򣬰米ൽԼֻ֣

Ϣң͸еĵͳ

Լ򶨸ȾĻžҲȥüαҵĵڿҪնϣһǹ漴Դһţ

ɱ̤ˮһƬлֽıŷӵڷӵıϣֻúȻ䵶⽣ӰңԶؼֻʣôһʵıһֱͷֱġ

ѪϷӵգӵ֣ɾϸᣬ÷·ǳǰСԺС

Ǹģ
̲ס޺޵롣

ˮǣǺʵսⳡսͻȻֻ߶ѸͶԮһʱ伸Ҫӵ˴˶ֲ˺ã֮ձ

ӻصժͷȫʪˣһǺʪģһǱˮʪģлɵǰΪжףȻͼ½͸Ѫɫ˿ڼֱǱˣԶѿ

žǸ䡣

ӵȫŭ𣺡л壬㲻Ҫ𣿣

л塰ͨһǰȥ󽫾Բ

ӿ򣬸ŭˣһѰ
лƮƮģȫȻɼһʱվȣ˵ǰ

Ȼлվ֮뿪һ˲䣬ʵʵر˶ͶĻܵĻȻȥ룬һСҲڿۺ֮󳹵ʧˡ

ҡֻȥ
лȻ׼˵ģͷǵ㹻ѣҲδػ׷һصС

û뵽ӻô죬ͺһֱעĶһ㡣

ҧ֪ð˶գΪ˿

л˵ðȻðһЩģôջʰֲ˲ϵۣ󽫾ǵû󡣡

ϻմѪôһĨԼĨһСǺǺЦҲҪΪ˿û󣿣

ΪĹȻҰԻ½˳ױѱ
ĵط࣬ʿ֮ŵһȻѱĥϡ

С㳤ϣ˺ͬͬƥϰĥϵóףƥᾭ
δĹܱ֮񲻿ɵҡ

˳ȻҲͬʱơ

лԼ뷨˷ӣӶƥϰԵ˽׷⣬ȷǷЧ

԰ɡлץס䣬һأ
˵ţһ˿Сϣһˣ𣿡

ޱ飬ȥϷŲȥѪۡ
ʱս֮УԶ֪жྪȾҾ塣

սˡ
һ̰Զֻˡ
һǲηԶǰˡ

û뵽л徹ȻǺߡ

*

˶ݵƽ
ºһ죬վõϴһǣĴӪҲǣƥ

˿Щ˴ĳЦһ֪˵жû뵽ʱǣȱƽʱЩҪСȽž֪ܲ죬ЩýĹֱر

ֻǲ֪ΪΣԭϴĹǣȻᵽʲôϢһǣ˦βͣվӡ

ɫѵƥǴԼԲλ࣬ˮûãͻ겻ߡ

Щƥһ뿪ˮǲ֪ΪͻȻ˷裬˦˱Ŷ԰ȥ


˺ƽʱһھٻʵʱȴǳţ̤ƺˮԱȳʱҪѸ͵ٶȳ˶԰

ĸ֪ĸȷֵģֵغ˳һȺĸ

ӪС໴ǵĸǹƼĸ󣬹׷ţһƥ©ȫ˱Ӫ

ʹʧмǰ壬ԯŴһӹ֣뷢סǵȥ·ûٸǰ

лվ¥ϣƥ׳ıҹԹӪ¶Цݡ

ݽ˵û
˿ܲŮˡ
Ҳܲĸ

վߡ
һգվ¥ϿӪС

һգǿΪƥ

Ҫ˶ãһڵһҶ񻰴Ӵ˽ᱻд

ˣл延ϲתüۺЦؿ󽫾ҿ𣿡




59.  ʮ   ʯ


·ɽɺϷվԯŲԶ, ͷ¥

ôݹͣлɸ˰ɣϷһţ˫ֺʲ, ĬĬ汣л岻Ӫ, ʡܡ
ײײ·ɽɣһ

ġ·ɽɵ˭˭ѹƾӪһȦ

Ϸ, ·ɽ²ߣôˡ

ûӲԾô·ɽɵ, ԾΪȣֵ֮, лȻᣬҲɵóȴҪ, ô£

Ϸ濴һۣҡͷ̾С, 㻹̫ᡣ

·ɽ̧ž߹ȥͬòã

ͬ㻹ǸСӣϷ̾˿, ıģǰҲζͻȥġ

·ɽһͷ󣬹ȻºսԻˮ, һԾ

, ӡһɽһҳԱȫҲôɡλȨ, λͻˣλﻹ˵ϻ, ͱӹǣ类ɫͿˣܳżꣿʱûӵӿɲù

·ɽɵļû䣬ʢģⷽ濴ñϷҪԶöࡣ
ǵĻ²ǵǻ£γ롣

δ飬ǾдеģֻҪԸ⣬ԴȨƵ˼ȢһλŮӴ˻ôδ¼ݱ»Ҳ׶վȽŸ

Ҳˣ·ɽɲŴл岻ߣöлúֶסӣӲ;

·ɽҲ˵Լлߣһһ㡣
군ǳϦԣлŮĻṴӣ׿ѱ
ߣӾ͸û

û·ɽɾл¥ˡ

ϷæӭȥƷӻ¥棬ʣô
·ɽδȥҲ֧

ϽԲ𡣡л忴Ϸ棬Цʮǿ󽫾ûӦ

ûӦر
ӵԭǣ붼Ҫ롣

˵⻰ʱʮȻ˼㣬·Ƕһͷ޿ˡ
ϵ׷ͷӳĺ⣬㺮·ӳɱ֮˶лһֶ˵

лʳԼǲǿʱǴЦġһΪһһͶ˱ҵսΪӦûܸˡ
û뵽⸱飬ʮɻ

Ŀӡ
ʱ縸ְᣬʱʦЩʱ򣬱ǶԵһ顣
ڡ

лûٶ˵ֻӦ˸ǡ֣ת¥

¥ʱۿеɬ˵ȥԼԼֻһҽŮȻϷ˵˵߱ߣԭû໰ءΪЩӣľѳۣӱҲߡ

ף󽫾ʯһССҽŮҵģ

*

лͣһѴҲһһհӹȥ

ľ飬һһֵܱϸϸģ𽥵ȥΪǡ

һأľ鲻ˣ뿪Ӫüˣлǰܿס

Ŀڱһֱźôһ飬ǽⲻв飬ˡ


ʶ̾һϷ̾Ϣײһ
Ҳˣһۣٳ̾һڡ

뿪˲ԭ֮ɳʲôʱ̧ͷĶͬĵɫ˾úԶҲ߲Ƭط
ǱԽ

ҲΪƣԲ˰ɣ
ĵؿʼδ

լӶúˣǲھˣСȻҲҪӻ
˵ǽԭһƶϴȴլӣҲǵϵڱֻ¿Ļ

лǵÿģ룬Ȼôֺα͵Ķ԰լӻСǳǣ¹ԭӣá

ȻҲͷôһ룬Сܸʿһǰ̣صǳǵһССҽãܻȥСϣ

㣬ԽԽң̾Ϣ

˵ʱޱ߻ߵľڳһ仯ǰһСڵ㽥нǵӰ

һɳĮ˾סϷΪȥٻزųҲΪ˶أˮ㣬Ÿ
ûͬ飬·ˡ

Ϸ濴һ۲ᣬлȴ۾ϸƣԣǺǵıʿ

Ϸסʿȥ˴
˹ȻǱʿֻ˫ѣѾЩ㱣лιһЩˮУ˲Ż

ϽȥȾǳ̽·Ĳˣ̽Ѿˣ

·ʹһ˵ӦѾ·һִ˹ɵĴ󷽣ȴٳûյϢû뵽ڴ˴˱ˡ

ĲǱʮ˲еһ֧и䣬ƴڷǹµĴǸ峤ùΣǹɵұۣ˵ɻü޸Ĵ룬ĲڱҵĵλҲ֮ˮǴߡ

ĴսĲ̷ˣַȥ׹սܶ飬Ҹ徭һڶʧȥͷǵĲȻǱˮݷĵ򣬿ʼǨ㣬ȴ;˱Ĳӡ

˫սգɱԷʹͼӶԷԮʿǾ˾һӳѶ

Ϸâ

شӪȱһһػʮ죬ʱˣ񣬶϶սյƣʤ䲻˵ʮþȣһ͵ǽߡ

ȼȻٻͷȱˣлǸһߣЩָ㣬ȴԮ

лĵ±ֻˣٷֵٵÿ˵ΪҽߣȻˣԴ
һȥ

ãϷʮּͣӿϵˣ


ǰлֻֻᣬе񼣬мֲڣҪ˵

ϷɳʿشӪѶȻ·ʿ··¼Ǻš

պİһԽһƬɳ㿴ɱ

Ϸ˳ɳ𣬻𵶣ֵǣһ󹦾ǰʱϸʱɱҹۣͬ

ɱҹۣͬ

ʱ򡣾л岻ͨս£Ҳó··磬ĲΧڵУսʿ·رܣ߸ߵŵߺ֮

ԱɹģȻ·˼еս

λ̽г̣лȥֻǣʱǫĽڴʱһۣѪŲвΧУ汯ޡ

ͻĺɱµľ棬ĺɫĺϣɳ죬ĲҲ֪жˣֻ֪ǱԮʱŴҡ

̵һλܹһû⽻֮£Ĳ˲أʱˡ

лֻĲһλŮһĺ£ɫɴ棬ֻ¶һ˫Ƶ۾ֳһޣɱ𣬲Ϻ󳷣ҵǿдųȥˡ

лæǰҽ׼̰˿ڡ

ȴһĳӷóλ֪ӶлжమأὫԮ֮Уһб֪һԭΪԮ

á̵ǲܸһ˿Ϣ֮Ƿ٣Ȼɱ

Ϸ汾ߵľ׷ʹ·ӣ̵ƢһļϣΪ׳ƣöȫĲ׷ɱȥ

*

պӪ

ӣ·ɽɴ̤˴ʣ춯

ϴϮӪʧܣʧƥսʿһήٲ٣Щţǰ

ӵ¥ҴӪ̳вӳȥ١
һһƥ쳣ۣȻǹɡ

Ӫˣ
ӷеǧﾵ
Ǹ·о·ߣѵɵ˷·٣


ƥֱ¥£ϵıʿϵˣԭϷһлرĶС

ͷһһ˿ԤС


뵽Ժӳıһ¥ıӰ
ıӰݣŲʮְģúܡ

֪ﲻܣǲһЩ¶һ˿ֻҪס䣬ӵػһӡмܲס

Ϊȫɴʱѵʲôˣ

·ɽֻɫ䣬¥ʱִֿ죬ֱǺ޲ֱȥ

·ɽĵ϶ǳ˴£æϡ

󽫾
ʿ㽫Ϸ·Ԯʹߣ·Ĳ壬ԼϷηԸһһ

һȥԮ̣лҽŮأ

лҽŮһȥˡ
ʿҹ··죬ǵ˼ޣһ䣬Ҳ֧Ųסͷһ˹ȥ

˽ȥҽӪüͷ塣

ѹֹӪȻҲյϢȥĲ壡·ɽ˵ţɻֻĴĲʮ˲֮⣬ΪʲôҪȥ

ҪĲ·ɽɱȭ񣬡ӣֻҪһ£Ը챾ǰȥԮ


Ӷ棬￴ȥ̲죬ƽͬ˿ԶһĵطһѪս

ӵа÷·ܵˮȥ




60.  ʮ   ΪҲ


лζ

ʿǲϳ, ȴûʱͣˣֻܼ򵥰һ
ҽҩˣڲԭ, ܾ͵ȡ, ƫƫǻĮֻѰһЩֹѪֹкʯۡ

ûпձԹ, Ҳûпշÿʱÿġ, ֻһ¡ǾǾܰ˿ڣֹסѪ, ס

лÿһλֹͣıʿҡͷ˱㽫ᣬӴһλӻɷ, ɳһʬס

л쳣ء

޷ж˱ŲԶսɽں
˵ɽʵֻһ鱻ʴɽʯ, ǿγһݱܷɳ

Ϊʲôܡлૡ
Ĳĵ, һ·ǰܰ·˦£߶ˡ

ǰĮˡһ곤˱, ɳ, ǲˡ

Į
лȻ̧ͷ

ȥһ̽ͷ㱻˱ס䣺лСģ˭Ҳ֪ҹԮʲôʱ, ǧǷ֡

лƬ򣬺һ
һƬȥǳɳĮⲢûκβͬ, һĻ̺ӣ˿ʲôա

ʦǶ
ֻҪǴ꣬Ϳȥʦʦؼҡ

أϱѶ˵£ˣ٣Ԯ

ɽʯʱһƬ۵˱ֹͣлĿҪɤۡ

ıߵԮ

𰸺ܿˣһ汱ɳϣǹɵĺֻɳͣƬ̣·ս

лͷֻ֡ˡ
ʴǰվȺõЩ˱һҲӲԼ

Ȼʱһߵɳϳһ졣
ףƣߡ
ĵУ·Ҫȼ



󽫾
˱ӯʡ

лҲۿЩȣǿ£һѩֳǹ׷һϯ£ĴԴԴϵطֳ·糤һֱ׷Źҧȥ

뱱Ҿ߸˼δйս˭Ҳû뵽һսۻ﷢

ƬɳԼԿûӿôˣɱ죬ϣһսֱɱû죬һֱڶƻ衣

лƣ֪֮ձ
ˣȥսΣԴȴΣһɳϡ

̫ˡĲܴļ磬Ъһɡ

лԼûˣ뵽зڣȫǷһ̾ϢȫиֻҸط˯ȥ

Ժ䣬Լ˵
һ˯⣬͸ˮ洫ԵңԶֻֻƬ

󽫾
Ҳ
֪
Ǻá
ѵǡ
ġ

лԼһ£Գ˯۾󽫾ôˣ

ܴںԱߵľҽ˵ԵսѰ󽫾

л͵վ

ĪҪżһ֪öҡģλѾȥˡ

лͷã֪ˡҡ

ܴ򶨣ģ󽫾࣬ĪҪ̫ġ

лҲԼ򶨣ŴԻءšһһ뿪ɽʯϥǱͻȻɳ

ɫƻ裬ɳϻͷɹ£Ҳ˵úܡ

˫ȴ·ϥѾʧȥ֪
Աƺ˷һѣ죬Ҳû˭֮սȥ

սһƬǽ壬פԵıʿڴս̧Լͬۡ

ս˵ˡɳѪƬƬ죬ҲѪضǱ˭ѪͿĨһ飬һʻ

лȷҲӻججûмôˣ˶﷭һÿһŶǷӡ

ӡ
ӡ
ӡ
ֻ֣ٲԾ૳ڣҴֻܵ͵͵ػӡ

̫ҲǱѪȾˣʲôקţ赲سʳȥʼ˺⡣

ӡ
лֻȫѪ㱾ԼجΡ
ֻجŻѪͼѪǸˡ

塱
ﴫƮ

лɲǼ䶨סˣԼĻþٴκһӣĶ

塱Ʈ΢ʵʵڸ

ٽһٽһлૣٽһ

оþûдǰԶһ߿ںϵʬ׺Ȼ¶˿µˡ

ӣ

л岻֪Լôȥġ粻֪ΪʲôôԼʱᱻƮм䱻˺üΣײײڵǰ

ӵͷѾ紵ɢķ˿ǻѪһֱ
˿ϣϦȥ֮ǰͶһĨ޺죬˶ǽεѪˮɱϹս

ֻһ˫ӣ쳣ᣬ·𿴵ȫȫβվǰοлؿԼĵӰ

лǰ˫ֲؿڣӼǶһӣѪ

Žҩɴһȥףָոϣס

ӵմѪҲǣֻѪһĵ͸ů⡣

ⲻһסл֣ȴлһ뷴ջȥ
ֲֻ΢΢һӵһֱֻļϣ˻ͳˣˡ


лԼûֻһʱģһʱ˶ò񻰡

ļĻ綼סˣ·ԳһֵСС磬Զ겻֡

ʱķѾԽԽЩɳʯļƣл̧ͷΪ˿ڣȴֱź˻ȥ

һȡӵ̾Ϣʱ򣬲ΪҲˡ

лıһˣڸоˮۿлۣһŹ

ҲΪҲ

أ۽ֻԶʲôһת㷢һصУһʬվԡѪϻ¶һЦӣúܣû

ӻƿл壬ץסǹˣҲһ

ǸúܣŶλԳˡɵǿȥһԧ죬ߣ

ĵŻһ£ǹӭȥͬʱһȣܣ

л֪ǸǶ˵ģûܣʰһѵŹɿȥ
ˣ˲ȷᣬͬҲǿ֮ĩ

ɵĵӼס˵һʱУҲ㲻һʱ侹˸׮רл

ֻлĵ滹ûδɣͼϸһ˿صЦݣȻֻһʹ֮˱ɳȥڷԡ

һһıӣһŮĲеλ

ԶƽúܡŮ磬ɱΪĴ뱨𣡡

ˣлˣ󽫾
סֵ۾

ɳգ޴ķУɳЮϯƬս

ɾģɳ

ɳϮлֻסܡ
֪ƣĲŬһ֧š

վס
Ůӻӱ׷˹ӣɱĴ룬첻£Ҿߣ

̧ǹ㵲סǹˣһҪıӳ֣ȴȻһǣ˿ڣ³һѪ

ʱɳ˱ɡлüסӣǰȥֻҪϼñҲǡ

ɻṳ̂ϼȻһ

ԭΪǰ£Ҫʱŷ˫㾹ֹסݡ

ӱأݵñҪЩ

𶯣ӵԽݵԽ족

л֪ʲô
Į˲¹ͷģɳ




61.  ʮһ   ϲԴ㲻


л˶³, ھƴҪԽݵԽ
ŵûһ˿Ѫɫֻһ˿ҧס, һ˿ݳ

Х, ɳ죬岽֮ӰƲöȻڸ, 뵶ǶڰԵҰޣԲ

ӵɫлӲ԰, лע⵽ǰ˿ѪȪӿνɳ֮, ת۾ͱ˸ɾ

˵üأö֣˾ܲľʹ, ȥ

ӳɫҰ֮⣬, Լ͵л壺¡ƽ, ˮһԽԽá

л岻ˮ֪ˮĸоӵ, һȴƽ, еĻҼ˴룬ѧŷӵɡ

׹ٶȹȻԼ, ûյɳû⻺ݵɳ˿·һǡ

ĮԵ, ӵ͵͵Ա߱Ӳأ㿴ץסʲôץס˱ȥ

лȥ
߷Χһ׮߿⣬ֳ֣һ࣬ʱȥ٣ɳס˰߼ͷ
л循òһһס졣

⶯Ȼ˿ڣԵüѹֵ飬лƼͷͷԼǰȥһ

Ȼż⣬ɳкһþڸǻ

ⷬ˶һ㣬лֻõµɳǻͷ̡

̲ס΢΢ô죿̫ԶˣʲôҲţɳӻɳӡ

߿н׮ǲǣ
ǡ

ܳĵطӲأֻҪص׵ˡ

лȻ֪ްôصǶ
ߵľ룬Ǹӣ֮Ҳɿȥڶ˵ȴԶģңɼ

л岻÷ӷģȴܿƵطһͷһƬ޴Ӱס
Ҫ

壬ӵἫˣ·һڱ㱻紵ɢ㲻֪ҵΪʲôҪѧҽ𣿡

лиʱɲĵʱ

ӵ԰ѩϵѪŨһ˫쳣йҫ

ķлЩ˴Сޣʣڶݵһ˲ȼ

ʲôǷӣս޲ʤĴ󽫾̤Źأκö˶˳Ҳһԡ

֮ǰҾμˡӿ͵͵صãҲǡ
ʸ꣬ſ˫۵ǰҪסҵ˵̫ҽԺұ㰲ȥѧҽĶ顣

лסˡ
ԣһֱЩûɡΪΪڱ
л̲סֻΪһ𣿡

ׯεҮҮ
¶һ˿΢ЦҲһ˿ԝҲʱҵһξΣһϵ㣬ͬԹһϵķͬסһ£ͬһ£ʱ˵أ㻹ߣ˵ЩҾϲԴ㲻ˡ

Щҽ鱳лҲҪûͺˣе鷳ʡˣͿһֱǳǵСԺС𣬺Ե׳һ𰲰عӡ

һ̣Щ뷨ʧӰ٣ؾãӵÿһֺ˵ġ

СǺܺúܺõģѧҽˣսÿһ׮ÿһһֵϹȥʮ꣬쳣ʵ쳣

ЩһҹЩһ𹲶ȵĳ裬֦ͷƮѩǴڽͷȹĽһƬƬĽ𲭣ڴʱԼԡ

Ȼٷˡ

ΪãүҲܲ

Ȼûиĸʦʦ
ʦʦȻˣС

ñȴ˿̣Ȼվͷɷߡ

ߣҲûôˡ

籩壬ͷɳۣҲʮѡ
л岻Դǣ˵ʲôĻֻǽ±ϵʲһֻ䵲סԼһֻȥӵģɳ 

ֻһ˫۾¶֮⣬ɳƿŭޣߵϵһУοˮ֣ôһƬݽߡ
ˮⰻȻ·Ƭ궼ʢһʪ´档

˿ü粢ż磬ƲȥɳɳأȻͬߡ

ǻ𣿡
лСʡ

ᡣӵһȥ֮󣬼סҪİԼɳǲɳоҲȻ뿪

л۾ʱһзˣ

š
ӵĿ쳣䣬մѪָлա
һ䣬ָ޷ϵļôʻǰһǰǰԶغ۾ãá

ȥ֮󣬴֮Ϸ··ɽ·о˳ŹԪˣһڴ˵صֱͥΪҴֱ߽Ҵ̫ƽ

á
лԹԵش𣬴ž񲻶ԡ
ΪʲôҪ󽫾
ΪʲôҪооǸɴ󽫾

ûлʳΪ˺һ䣬

л壺

ôһ÷ȥ֡
л弱õɴ۾ȴΪ⣬ָϣᵽ˼㡣

ҹ趼һȹյͥԺڽժϵĻ䣬ѩʱŶñ߹ѩоЦ

кܶõ󣬶õһ

壬ס

лҡͷȫ˲ĶȻݡ
̧־ҪӣȴӰס֡

ӵһֱůģŵʱ򣬾ͺտů¯ô
ɴ˿оǱģմѪɳһֻֻһֻ쵽£ס

Ҫ

лҡͷˮ޷ֹӿ

ҪӣҪ

ӵĴ޽ǣǵˮеζȥˮ̾˿

ôôܿޣ

һ˿̾Ϣһ˲ȫ˿ھҵʹȫлɳ˳ȥ

һ֮ᣬʱֻ»еۡ
롣

ɳڿ·ҪڿС
˳ɳ³һۿģڰյģ

˿½ƮȻɣ紵ɢӨ顣
İ壬һ

лصصɳϣǿúֻа벽롣
ɳʵײۣȻʱʲôҲоˡ

ƬɳݣѾ䣬ֻһֻĳϣ·һ黨ƣسɳ

ɳ쳣ƽ͸ɳزްȫȻոɹһˡ
ƽúһֻлĻþ

л島˿е䣬һѾ⣬Ӳҧסϱҧӡ߳Ѫ

ܡ
ܻܣ
һҪȳһԣ

ºһ֦ɳǱ߱ȥڳҲãҲãһҪŪ

ǧ֮аȳɳ֮Ҳһԣ
ԣ

Ƶǰ壬ۿҪɳԱߣһһӽס

ԭءһǺ´ɳ˳ɵҿ˿ôֻʣһأ
һϸлӴ޳˰ɣ

л屯˼˵㣬ﷴһƬѩ˶ǿסĶˡ

ӴѹôġɵõĶˣ

Ǳߡлָһ

϶ʱһɣɵջ˱ӣȷʵ˶ҸǸ⡣
һǶл˵ģ˵ʱ򻹴Цݣ磬ȥˣǿȥҵҪ

飬ĪҪƭˡ
һմѪĵл岱ϣɵͳСһ㲻ҪظǹҲҪ㣬ôܻ£˵ʵ

лļ٣ÿൢһ̣ӾҪȥһ֣Ϣһʱ
Ī˵ûӾȷӣзӾȣԱߣҲûл·

ٲ˵ҵĵɲϧ񡣡
ɵĵһ㣬лľϵһ㼡һϸϸĺۡ
ĵ̧һ㣬лϣ˵ҪСϻôӻ᲻ôϲ㣿

Ҫлҵ˵ʲô˵

⣺ܺá

㡢ȰѵÿлҺ¡

ĵûж鵹ǿˣ磬Ůˣֲ䣬أ˲ɣ

Уӵġ
ˬشӦƿ˵

лŲվƵأɳԻ

Ϊлӣ׽סл֣Ȱˣۡ

˵סΪлڴʱ̧ͷĿѩ㲻Ʒŵˡ

Ȼֱ㱻л߬ס黹ûӦлǰȥ

˷˰ɣ
Ѳɰʣ
ҲԼＸ

ţҪлͣ£ͷһҲ޷סΣ³

ɳĮУȻ֪ʲôʱ澪֣磬ңң

ɴӣӸң

ˡ
һɳл㽫סıӡ
鼱УԽԽ

֣֣鼱ôУӣӣ

лֱɳУĶ³ԶȷźͷӴһʱٶȿöࡣ

ڹɰѵ鵽ߵʱ̣ѾҪˣȻ˼ԺȻĳһͷ

Ǹͷһ˶ƽ˼侲˼ĳ̶ȡ

ͱҾͬһطǰŵִսȻ·
˫˧ȴû·Ͻ棬ֱִ˵زſʼս

Զ׼ս϶ǲһȵˡ

Ĳѱˮݷ֮أȲǨȻڹвûж
ôֻˡ

лһѡ
Ĺɺ᲻ȥԸͼԮ

л嵽ʱԼǸͽ
ԳһЦ۾

ˮ·ѾˣнһƬƽ

ӣԲҾȲ㡣
ʵԸһαΪʵһɡ

ǹı߽̫ƽ̩񰲣ǲǾ͸һ

飡
ɷһ

л嵱棬лóȥ

Ȼû뵽ǣɳԭѾˣʱһԾ£ɳ·ܲסôȻһ죬Ȼѿһֻӣһһ˽ȥ

ɳԱߵɳӺܿûȱڡ
ɳһǧκһգٿߡ




62.  ʮ   һᱣ

ܰããһƬ, ϼ翡

۵ͯһ˿Ŀǻ
ʦΪʲô˶е, ûУ

˭˵ģ˶е, ȻҲСӵº͡

ʦ
лģģ롣

𣿡ǰͯʣҵĵأ

ĵﰡ, ϵɡ·ʱ˵, Сӣܲ, ǵĺӾͽˡǾͰиңǻҺչأ˵һ, 

ţҪúóԷ쳤, 㳤һ꣡

СŮڶ߻ص, лԺģԼ֪ԼΡ

Сʱűĺһǣŵһǣ, Сֱַֻ, ӱƵŴǧÿһΣĽһΡ

һܿɣΪÿһС, ЦҪ

һԺǰʯϣλ游ĸһؼҵСͷѹҲﲻס, ʦؼҵʱ򣬺ȥסʦСȣʳĻ

Ȼ֪ʦ˵ġһʲô˼۲еǼ꣬ʦǶɸĸõԼļο

л۾
ƺ޲ǰȻһƬŨصĺڰȫʹǸͷŶһ١

ѾܾûεʦˣǲΪϾҪڻȪʦǰأ

ţûôˡ

ֵһƬɳһ㷢ϸ졣
ֺȻһʲĴС¶̫ˣһӱסǹˡ

ӵǹ

лץסǹһ顣
ǹڣǲҲڣ

סѾ֣þСĶںڰǹ·ڤڤ֮˾ϣǹ⸽ʱ˱ס

Ƿϵ

лҲ˲ȼ˻ӡ

ɳϣӢͦüĿȻպϣ·˯㡣ûһ˿ѪɫҲ˼㣬ٷȥǴΣ֮ࡣ

лѸٽף֮ǰսδˡ
ûˮ޷ϴ˿ڣµֹ֮ѪҩɴڴʱǾ֮л֮ϣˮһڡ

ὫӵͷԼϡʧѪ貹ˮѻԣˮȥֱӴǲʡ

лԼһڣͷͷ˿Ĵݣһˮιȥ

ڷȫ޷Ӧһʱлֻ÷ӵ˫΢΢һⱻ˱˱һ顣

зӦǺ£˵־ڻָ

ǿʵúˣ˱ˮſл壬Ҫͷһȥ
ˣʹлһˣҲˣЩ

塱ӱ۾üͷ壬ȻجΣ塱

ڣڡлĺȻúȵģ͵ġ
ηӺȵˮˣлͷˮιüڣذ

лԷȻ΢ѾȷȶһЩˣŷһЩ
Ȼпմܡ

۵Ĺںڰճһž޴ԲԲȴȫ˵أĺڰ̾ڻղĸߴ

âճһ޴ӣ˺ϱϸϷ񷶥һƬںڰУǸߵÿͷ

ڹշΧھԶһĵطȻֹط˾޴˿տлԼһֻеСϡ

ɳĮôĵط
ԹˮݶӣͥʣʱԿߡ˭ôķӣ

һĹľصĲԭϸĴ

ʱлֻ÷ϵͷ΢΢һ£һͷӻ۾

壬ɳƣô

֪
֮ǰúõģһۣһڣлȴ۽Щ̣̫ϲˣϲú뱧סһ
ˣãл˶̲סЦҲˡ

˭ɳܻأҲˡ
зڣҲûô¡

̧֣˼򵥵Ķʮֳ̧һ֧лæץסȻĿָգḧ˸

л巢ϲʱ򲢲Ů֮·ֻǵΪȷĴڣһξ

ʱǵõȷϣԭ΢Ĺâ˲䶼ǿʢ࣬

̫أлֻܰӱߣӣɡ
һܣһʵô

лһһʮ˵ˣδ˵꣬鲻ԣգۣջΪһּΪɫȻؿֻҪǣѾ׹ɳɴϲ֮£Ϊ㡣

лˣ૽ͣʱпЩ;Ϊʲô

ǹˣǵҪȼյлҲ֪һѰ˻


л弰ʱסԼűѹ˿ڣֻôһӵڵϣʱ˺ڰС

۾лоӵĺЩ٣ңĳţлʮֵķŵ˿ڻᱻôҵѡ

󽫾лΪһԱʱƹΪԼˡ

µĻû˵ҲʶףɿƬ̺󣬿ڵһȥҿûм̨Ӧл򡣡

лһֻССĻӶ˶ãӣƹüӡ

ԽһʱӭһصһŻֳһϰˣ°ȴޡ
һͷǰĽűߣĿ¶׹⣬

ǰȻм̨滹һδվ򣬵ֳ֮ݡ

ߴɣ񷶥ıڽԻͼֻɫްа䣬ɳɳӱȽٵĵطԼ¶̺ĻƣɫȻΪ

лԽԽ֡𣬼ǷذݣҲлȥΣл񣬾ûм֡

ӽգ͸һ˿⣬лƣ˿ϸϸɳӴ컬䵽ϡ

лȻͷͼӵĿͬһط֮Զһֻӡ

ֻӶˮйɳ֪ľ嵲ס˴ڣûطɳ

ǴԼǽĵط

Ǳɳӵµģ

лڻɳӵ£

ӳͷ

лȻһ£ѽܱ֮ȼ𣡡
˵űȥˣںڰŻصߣ˶΢΢Щ

ӵζãôҲûʲô֮ͨ

л岶׽һ˿ϣҵͨڣǲǾܳȥ

ӡšһ

л廹ˣ뵽˸ص⡣

˵ҩޣȫκ÷ӣֻ˵˵ذգʳˮö˶˵ģҲ֪ܳŶãοӻ˵֮ء

ʱǽϷ顱һ죬ܴ𶯣ӵķ϶ӿƬɳ
һҰ޵ǽǱߴƺǣǺ

ץǹˣͼվ

𶯡
лסļùǸǹǹúܣѾʮַȻҧ׼ǽ

ǽϵıڻ£ֳƣƺһ˲߽⡣

лһ۳ʲôһǹͱȥ

ȻǹһᣬסǸǹͳöĶϣ壬֡

л岻ŵؿżʧѪû˿վ

зģⱲӣҲ㵲ҵǰ
ӻأɵسеǹ

һᱣ㣬ֱһ̡




63.  ʮ   һһҲãһʱһҲ


䡱Ȼһ, ǽѿײһƬľʯм˽

ӵǹʺ, Ѹ

ɾڼʱ, ǹŹɵĲһӶ˹ǵѷ졣

Ƕһֻצ, ӴƸųë̽צذװС, ҲذװŷĹ⣬ȥĹ, Ѫ֮

ǹһֺ׼צϵ, ǱߴһצѸ˻ȥ

ͬʱ, ɴһ, ھ޴Ĺѷˡ

ʲôüʡ

ô֪һǺһͷѪ, ӡô

ӵǹָ˹ɵʺ, Ǿ޵УԱ˴˵ʮϤɵĵֺصס˷ӵǹ⡣

ɶŷǰѪ˳ܶ, ġ
ӵҲ

лֻԶͷ۽ббצۣȻץġ˶ھҵشϢȻѾĵ˼, ǿ֮ĩ

Ҳòȥվվȣл֪ĶȻɶš

ʱӲֹסѪһӿл忴ľս½ѾѪȾ죬ôѪҲ

ҲһצӣѪ졣鱻ñ˱ϣͷϣԲѡ

ְɡӺȻǹƾһˣ˭ҲԸֲƴ

ɿһ¶Цݣ󽫾˵ǡ

˵˵ȴ˭Ҳû

л壺
Ҫ֣

飡϶һ˴һ죬ȻǹײϣӺ͹ͬʱ֣סӣӸֱǹ˵ϣǹⶥ档

ǹؼӲҲΪأǹײһ޹һûˡ

˻˻Ρ
лһѷס

֣ӵȥģлļ磬أЩ

л˴ĪѪ̫ӺͿˣת㷴Ӧ˹
֪ˣȴ֪˵жأǹ֪ʱһ̧־ɱⳡֱЦ

Һ
лΪ˫§ŷӵԸоӵ˲佩Ӳ

ӵͷһۣǾ档
Ҳأݵô档

лͷдţݵò
գʵŬü֧ŷӵ塣

δƿӲԴӵļϲ˲䡣
Ȼ͸оӵӽӲˡ

л˵ãĪҲаˣ󡢴󽫾ǹˣԶЩòã

оȫѹ˹һ˿ضԼǿţɼվסˡ

лԶһЩĵطӵס˹ɵߣ½

йޣǿУлŵòУҩֶڷ
ӺȻ̧֣ס֣ÿε¡

л廹ͬһ裬һ°˿ڰá

Ҫ½ʱ򣬷ӵֺȻĺϣһ
лɼԣſǰǰһεľ飬Գסˣס˿ڡ

ֻȴȴֱײľѣص伡ϣֻ͵͵غһԺ˲Ҳ֪ЩԿǡ

󽫾治Ѱˣɵͷ𣬡ʱ򣬻¡

л廻ҩʱѾǸ߶ȽţʱɵĽŲʲôҲûȫ֪Ǻʱġ

֪ԭо仰뾡ӵḧлͷȥỵ˺°ɣ

ɴδйĽǶȿӣӸ£·һͿնͷ­ĵĺѿջ

ӵʣԲ׼ӵƵΣײҶ֣ЦЦеλҽŮɣܲӿ

*

ɳǰӿɺ鱻һ򣬽һ䷿ᡣ
ǵҪö࣬ʱˤȣɻ鿴ƣĺڰоʹ˷ͷ˹

һ·忪üţ˸һʱȴִűɳסˣֻƱڶ

˵᲻ᣬ˵زأ˽ǣڹͷûϡлùɰľϣ̶

лˡ

ˣɲûѡ

ιȥǺ£ֻ»۵ܲˡ

ǿ˵ʼĴ鿴ͼҳ뿪ķ

лصߣóˮҡ
ˮƮƮģֻʣһˮ

ˮݸӣӵȡ
лҡҡͷҲʡ

ûƴǣӹˮһͬʱȴüͷһ壬סؿڡ
лһæͽסȻͱסĴ˿Ĵݣһ

лߡˡһ죬ԺһƬհס
ͬǰԼҲʱһֻžˣʱȴùķ·ˮĻ棬ӴݼֱյһĿҪը

һˮι꣬ȻûͣԽԽ·ǷڰˮιҪ¶ÿһνҺŹ

лѾҪӴˡ

һӲŲȻŻһٶȣҲһ˱ĴɿͷĶͷ΢΢Ϣ

̫ˣ˽ϢϢš
нҩζѪζжϢ
лԼϢסˣǱεģճϣѲá

ô
лͷ쵽˽ţȫԣŬһɣʵǲǷˣǲպͿˣ

ӵ

лҡ

ӵ͵һЦ֣Ҫ߬ˡ

л塰һµͺֻ־һֱ߬½߬

æջ֡ʮ˫ֺȻ֮ø֣һʱ֪Ǹźá

ôòôӺϾǰ治ιҵô

л壺
ǻ𣿣

л˫ӦʲôˡӦþ͵ٸɳӣԼȥ

ҿʼιȥֲܲˮˣʧѪҡ

ӿ״Σǵͨ죬ѪҺ߽֬Ȼ͸Ἣˣӳͬһ俪ʢʱܽػ

ϲ㡣ӵ

Ҿšл廹ͼѵͣһĸ֣㶵̧ͷ

ϲ㣬塣
ӵӱκʱҪڣҪ󣬶ҪϲǰǷʮһȫлؿԼ

һˣΪ˺ϾҪ

ϲܾúܾˣֻǺ֪㲻ϲңұãЩҲٳڣڱͻ㣬ð㡣ҼȻˣǱӣԶԶչ㣬լ㰲ңһƽϲ֣ûǳա

̧л°ͣ뿴۾ҲҪ۾

ûɳУүٻһΡһҲˡֻٻһգұϲһգֻٻһʱұϲһʱ

һһҲãһʱһҲã壬Ҫ֪ϲ㡣




64.  ʮ   ǲϲ


л󽫾ϲ㡱ĻѾоˡ

ھ˶ôΪ, ݽʱߣص߹ܼҲҪһ䡰ƾӶԹĳ谮Ρ˵Ѿ˶ӡѾľ˵ĳ̶ȡ

û, ֻӷӿ˵

ԼӾͺһֻС豭, һĲˮ࣬ǰԼҲʢ, һţ֭ˮ, һͿ

ؿŷӣһ˫ӺùԲ
Ծ, ۾գҲգǱɵˡ

λҹôɵ󽫾йô

¡û˵, Ŀʼлϣ̧޷, Ҳϲ, Ȼٺòǲϲ
ұϲϡ

л군ˡ
ôôôӴ඼Ҫһ̲ˮˡ

ŵ, ȴԼ, 󵨵Σ಻ôƵľ
ϲ

ǴǰϹ̫ͷһð̾ͱȥ, ӻԶһ䡪ܡ

ȿȣɾǸβˣлһĻ˳, ֿڵ֪ʲôطˡ

л嵱γѣһƬҵӸϽѹ£ӣҪ

վصǰӹȡֻ룬滮ѪνС

л֮ǰʱ򿴼ֻ룬Ϊɫӣʱ֪ȡѪ֮ãЩɫƱǴǰµѪ
پмëȻ

ָմȡѪԼüġԼĿڣȻʣµѪǰ

󽫾֪֪ܾúܾǰʮ˲Ϊԭϲûбͥ

ʷ϶ǶʷʱıҲΪ½ӣֻһıԭ˶Ըס

ǧǰ˵һαʲͼͳһʮ˲壬ѡŷɥı֮󱱵𣬳ԭ߽Ļ

ԭ̫ˣ٣Ǩ㲻޶Ҫͳĵط̫ˡͳһҵ˲ǰʲͼף谢ʲͼʲͼӵ˸ҳ뾴η
˵ţ°͵һ񣺡λֱΪ񡣡

üǣ

ɿԼϵ˺ۣǵסѷ죬η壬ݼ˾ĸҥĮ̷ÿͽ׵ѪĮãĮĻ

˵Ǹǣ
л̲סʡ
ǣʲôĮǣҲǵһ֣ǹǹ࣬лʱûôˡ

е棺Įʲôģ
ʦΣȥĵط࣬ʲôϡŹֵĶ½δʲôĮǡ

һЦӵ󽫾˵ӲС

˵˵Сúܣ޵׽߲ܡ
ǵΪλڵ£֪·

Ҳ֪ҡͷ̾˿ûʷ飬ֻм˾ĸҥ˵ǰÿ궼ҪΰݣǺȻһ꣬һҹ֮ӴʧˣǰݵҲûҵټǶ˵һȥ硣

һ壿

һ岻ʮ˲壬һ̷ֱ񣬱Ϊ壬޽ʥŮ񣬴ּ⡣ҥ˵һϣȫΪɣ뿪˼䡣
˵ţüͷڿ񲻶ԣû죬Ȼǳ˵صףһҲȫˡ

һлĬĬ룬Ǵ˵ءĮһ
ֻĮһƬѾãٽᵽĮ֪һƬ˲¹ͷɳء

󽫾𣿡лʵɳӦкܶ˰ɣ˶ˣĮΪʲôţ

ӱͽ§ƽ֧ԼʱģϣûС

Įǻű㲻ǿǿԼ
ҪԼȥȻʳˮ

ӵ뷨ǡҪʳˮҪʱĮҲʳˮһ֡
л뷨ǡڵص׻ˣĮҲֿģܳȥʹĮһɡ

ɲ֪;ͬ飬ⶼĮתֻ˱ͬƽȫصס׷ɱ׹֮յӦе顣

ӵˣϾ˴ˣؿ߹ü⣬лϸ·һָͷܴӣȻҲ򶨣ùмֹĿ࿴ Ϊ˵Ůֻ޿䡣

ĿĿþĻǵþɫϵһж񻤳֣ô˵û񣿵ص׾ȻĮǣ񼣣

ǴҪ̷Ļ𣿡ӵʣҪҪˣ

һ١

鷢һˡ
ɼ̹ȥ

ڱ䲻ǰ£ȴҲǿֹСҹĶɷʱȴǶϸ£ºͣʮʮλֳ

ʲôӺȻʡ
糣Ҳƽл岻֪ԼǴо񲻴ˣʵұùͦ˵ġ

Ҳˡӵ㵨ӻСһЩȽϺá

룬ǾΪ˾飬ҲǺ


ԭôǵɢˣģԼ

Ǳִһ۵òУһ滹ŷߣҧгݡ

лʵĴʲôˣ
ӵδޡ

л壺ѹҪƴ

ӵͷ۽޵ʹ壬ˣΪұ𣿡

лԼӵлˣƽǿ󵽼᲻ɴݣȻһ˿ζҡβֹͷ׳

æ治Ĩȥ룬ᡣ

ӣ
ˣͣҪǵĿɡİ壬ʵϣûЩ黰ƭˣѵ

Ȼͼлһ㲻ġҲġ
룬ֲĮܻţҲܻš󽫾ģһġҾãүҪѾˣڻţһܻ߳ȥ

л˵ַ꣬ӿû˵Ŀ쳣ʲôҫ

лͷûʸ˵ֻϾĸ˵Уû

Ȼһ˲˻

лѾ˼ķӦ̳סǰԼײ˿ڡ
̲סѿڶӣ
˵ڲŷԹ̫ˣͼһ£ͷ˼ϣоͷķ˿͵ͻ壬塣

л䲻ǰܲϣţʵ̫ˡ
ְůůůıѡ

ϲ㡣

֮ǰεĸֺȻ֮䴳Ժлڵط졣
ĺóٶ۰ڻ͵͵䣬ᵽϵϤϢһϸоءԼءģظоϲ

ߣǵҲĸԸˡ

ӵͳöȱϢлĶ⣬лֻð΢΢ַٹԼܡ

سأȻһһ򿪣뱧ס
֪ԼôôǿҵΪ˵ﻰ

ǵΪߣұʣһת
ϣӡ

ֲһҪϷʱ˿һ

лγѣȻջ֡

̧߹ĹɣĿת˲

󽫾§§£ܲܵȳȥ֮˵Ͷ䣬߻ء




65.  ʮ   

ĮǱҵĮ, Եʳﲢûʲôֱ

˵һҪΪĴ뱨飬ʾԹȷһԣ֮뿪ط

ֻĸ˵, , ʳˮ˵뿪, ȥ⡣

ƽᣬлΪ, һڵÿһ˸顣

ŴɳǽǱߴҲʵ, Ȼ޷ǽȥ

лĿǵķ϶

ǺܱܿΨһĳ·

ֻǣҲĮǳûĵط

ֻǿʳˡɵ

лֲˡ
ԹɵԵȻԸһܳȥʳˮȻҪϷӡ
ӵһж¶

Ȼɽ󽫾, һ˰ɣ

ȻһɣлͳԼĸλ, ˶, ȶԸһգúϢҹʱҹ˯һ, 㡣

ⷬõ˵޳, ԼˮӸҹˣлˡ

˽ֶۣҳ˵, Ϩ˻򣬷ͷҵطű˯

ֻǻ֮ƣӵ˲һվܺġ
лתշࡣ

˯ţӺȻ

Ϊݴ󽫾輧, л˯ڷߡ
ʱֻǲ˲սĶ䣬ڰлֻöһȡ

ûûСлǲǳˣ

ţ㷭߸ˡ

л壺
ô

ߵģϢһҹжӦް


򶨣ǻǰл˵ˡ
ڣϥҲ֪ġްǡȻ˿ѿѪȪӿһʱˡ

š͵͵Ӧһ

ôʡ

Įҹ²󣬴˵ʤûз磬ߵÿһɳӶ͸⡣

á
л˵꣬һ˱˻С

ӵ䡣

֮üһףлġ䡱һ·ʶ

˻
ӴһлʱҶˣǲ˿ˣ

°͸ķ˿ϣ˽ĥĳ̶ȣ͵üֻʣҶ

лֻһͷڵţӶˣԹԽסһҶ

ôһƣӿûñ˯ˡ

*

°գʵҲ֪ڡֻлӹüǹɣÿյʱѣڵصҲ⡣

һƬڰֻ÷ӵĺһֻֻļϡ
лַȥԣȣǷ̣ûзգܺá

ӵʵһأ֮ûмʱҽΣηʧѪ࣬ʮʱЩ²֮塣

ᴵ˻ӣĹâˣӰȺĿ˯üӢͦ۽޳ͶһƬɫӰӡ

һġ
л

ʵлһӱˣʱֻƤ΢΢ǵ˻ӴԼ

ݾδԭýɹҲǣߣȴǹʱʱܾϲ

һԱս佫˵湻Ҫġ

ֻΪԼһ̾ϢоǼ⣬͸Ϥķҷ

Ҫ۾Ȼͷ΢΢һ´ʹۣ϶һƵġ

Ϊ

ͷתʶһƬڰ

лŷӵȷϷ˳ߣ

һˣѱˡ

һԣһãһŵ

л߹ȥŵùңҿΪ룬ù˯㲻ˡ

ʵ˯ã

һʱ

Ѿ۵ܲˣã

лʩ֮üͷɿϳ˯ȥ

ɰѶϣȻл㷽Ҳô˵ģ

л΢΢һ㶣Ǹռˣźüӣôܿʲô

˻ȹʳףǱˣһߵǰ˵ţ̧̧°ͣˣѲҪҳȥʳ

󡢴ӢлСС˽ġСǹ¶ݵ΢ԭ䲻ϴ󽫾ֻϣΪ󽫾Щ£ûйҲп͵ķϣһݣһ谮

ζƵؿΪһ谮Ҫ

ⷬл˺ü鸹壬˵Ϊ˳ȴûϵдһʣĵȻ˶öԸ԰һᣬӭߣ󣬲һô֪

ãɵϲĶͽ

ǵ϶󣬸պһ˳롣ĮӴӺʱǰȫġ

˴㹻ĵ򡪡ĮǴô񣬵࣬ԻȻη塣

һ䲻ҲûбڻĶһ뱻ɳˣһ뱻һң屾ĿչʱĹ͡

һ䣬ʱעĮǵĶһϸϸңȴûҵʳӰӡ

ʱһ˺üӣһ·ҹȥԼƵߣԼǼʱõġ

ҵһЩлѱˡ

л壺
·óʳﻹָ

ûñ˹յǼӣѰһ޹л巢ֹɶȷš

ԭǱߵġɳһžͿĮǡ

л岻Ҳ˿ڿˮһ˲ĮǾͻײŴƵġ

ֹڴˣ޹ǾҲһ

лҧҧǰš
ڣûбƻԭòձ棬һԷӳͷţǵ˹һ㡣

л򴰿ȥ

ɽŵл̲ס㵨ǡ

һصӡ֨ѽһ죬һž޴ĺӰ˹
Ǻ

л弱תȴֹɱһǰڳ⣬顱һ˨˷š

л˵ϣĮѾ£Ұеζ˱Ƕ

*

۾㿴һѵ
СǱŸãСĵȻǵȻҪ˵

Ӿ͵һĵ˻ɳС

Ҫɱɱ㣬ҾͿԻصˡ
ͷȫ亹ϵʹѵñȷ磬Ƭ̾ͺˣڷ֮ǰͿһĺ

ĴֻδޣĴһĲûκιϵɹƫƫҪĲߡ

޷ɵϣһӿػɡǾĴ뱨ó˵ѪĴ֮顣

һ˲ӶסʺĵƵϣл͹أ

Ҹȥʳˡ

һ˲ɴѷг˽̧סѷ죬ǹϣһǳɡ

ӿδף죬лأ

ɴϢδֵؿű飬˵ࣿ

ֻһֵĹ򣬷ѾµǸֲĿԣصӿ飬ǹ߿˳ȥ

Į棡ɵں




66.  ʮ   

лֻһ֮Ժ, Ѿ˲

ǰ࣬ǲ, һ˻, ֻԮǽ׳ģҲѱ, ǳ׵Ĺǰûз͹һΣֻҡβ͡

лûԼпɥ֮, ֮ǰͻȻˡлǲǴǹǰ

ȻĲҪʱ, ĮǺȻͣлֻòһȡ


л彩סˡл˵Ϥ㣬, ҡβͻ¶Ƥϲ㡣
ǰĪԿζΣ

Ȼһ˲, лþë׵, ĮǿʼԴ졣

л壺

һߣδϨ𣬻ƹâճĮǵΡ֮ʱӽ, צŵҲ߼л, һëںڣצӷ󲻲л岱ˣΪлű߰ȥ, ģֹͷе׳

лʱãһʱֲǹ

ʮУʱ򼸺, Ҳ֪һֻǷŭη壬ʱԾĮϵȫޣֺζ

ѵ˵Įˣˣ

̽ʣҳԵģ֪֪У
һ˵һ桰ذءȻ

Įͷ
лҲԼЩЦԭԼʳţôָʳأ

ĮǺȻ˶
ԴС±л嶥ڵء

л˵뿪˰ɣ˫ԲĴ۾Ȼ˸ſĹ⣬ֻǲͣԴ˦Ƶм

òȥɣлʡ

Įǡءһצͣһϱģ

лȥʱʮֻ㱣ǻԼΡ

̲ס룬ǲǴɳͲˣ
Ǹʱ˰ɣ
ʵڤɣ
Ȼôô£

Į㣬˲л˺ڰ֮С

лҲ֪Ծ˶ٵӣ˶ٵţڰʲôҲ壬ֻöԺ죬ȴƽأһë

һʱĮͣһʾˡ

лֱ֮ӣһȴ˸գ֮ǰǼˡ

ֻܿ˫һֻԲĹĵչޣ˻Σ澹Ȼˮ
ɴϲ

չޣһЩڲеʲҲ֪ʲôˮʮָˬ㶵һ°ڣٱüֻչޣĮǵıͷǻȥɡ

ĮǱŵصǼӡ
лϵʱѾʱ񲻴Ծʱһһ£ǰ΢ȳ

Ȼ֮䵹ǽˣĮֺԭɡ

ܾûϲŭҲûУʵ飬Ҳͨԣ绳еèн֮ʱһè֮ˣճ˽űУеͷܲסؼչˡ
ԣҲıܡ

ֻĮǴԼצˣ֪ܾˡ
лʱֽһ£α˭ܰԼأ

лδĮǵצӣĮһ㻶ڵòУһԴ

лץĶ䣺֣¡

ĮҲ֪Ǳץס㣬ǵö˻лһ£ˡ

лƽһ

ҰޣĮǿͺһۿҪվ

£¡лһְһıһһ˳ë

ĮǱסˣͷл֣ʮ顣

л˵׳ñط꣬Ҳˡ

⣬л忴Įǰһ˺ۣҽ滹һӡ
лĬĬһյ龰ǹΪϵĿȻǷеġ

߶ĮȳȵԭΪܸԼ˿ڣѾ裬ĮʹһľƬצ򲻳ҲţÿһøһЩ

лֻľƬĮǱ㡰ڡһвĺ

޺һĲ˵ʱ򣬲֪ΪԼãҲ֪š
޲һʱֲֻ֪ۣᱩˡ

ƽʱʱҪ˰æţĶҰȥҲסôȻ
л²ֱͣӰγǿľƬ

һ˲л㱻˵ڵأĮͷХ쳹ڣɳݶ϶䣬һɳꡣ

壡

һȴУлһ㿴˷Ŷ룬ǹ˸һĮǡ

ʹˣӵȻ䣬ͦͬκһγ֣ǹ֮ơ

леҪ˿ڡ

һδˣĮǷһŭӣȻϳ˷ӱմ˹ˡ

лæҪֹһһޡ
ӵ˿ھڣĮǷȻ˵еܿɢȻѹס˱ʹҰԣſʱҲͷ˳ҧ

壬ߣ
ӵǹ׺ףʹ֮ȻɱڣĮһʱҲռıˣּɵеǹͺתȦѰ

һһ޶죬лʱҵᣬȥڷǰ

ɲʱסɫ԰׵˼㡣

µһĻ

һһʱصֻѩĴرɳµĵعļ껻˿ֲľޡ

ͬһſ˫۵ǰıӰݼᶨʼһ

ɲǼ׹ѣεجǰʵԺֻʣлıӰҲݲ

ץסл壬ڻȴԼ󱳱¶Įǡ

ĮǾ޴һɿ磬ȥצѾ˷ӵļ磬һھҪĲҧȥ

Ҫлһ˿ǻ

Įǲö֪ĮĶסˣԼȻ䷢§ڷӲֲͷ

ֻһ˲ӵϢֳıǻٴŭ

ߣл巢ˣҧңҧ㣡

ܿĮǣץסл֡Ѱģôһߣ

ңģȥʳˮ㿴
չ޾͸ڵϣʳһԡ

л˵ţ̧ĮͷĮǻ˻Դȥģޱȡ
ֻһӣ죬Ŀ¶׹⡣

ӣ

*

лķӣ˻

ɿĮǣʶѷ϶סȻڿĮǵģ֮󣬹˾ͱڵء


Ϊʲô˵еıޣһҽŮಽһӲʹɵ

һ˲ĮǱϳ˹Ҳ˹ˣһҪ

͵һ°ϣӵǹҲں֧ס
ϵ޷죬ۡ

лǰɵҲȻޣһֻצӶǡ

ĵ죬Į治ġ

Ȼȥлæô˵ܾеֵֹģϸһĮû֣ʾӺ͹ɰŲ

ΨһϣҲŲ

лӵ䣺󽫾

ӵ壬Σգɡ

л۾ģһ˿ӵİ󣬷ŵһӡ

ӵֵһ󣬵׻ǰǹ

ɣ
󽫾ԭأ

һƿĮǾＷκη϶̫СԴ̫ѹŭһһצ˽

ӻлߣǹʱ׼֡
̹צжӵҪն

ǺȻһ죬ӵǹס˹ɵĵ
ɵô

ȵȡӿл壬һʱ䡣

ҡлյ϶ǰצӡ
ǷצһӾˣشлϡ

лǽҲʶˣҽа壬֪ôƺ㣬Ҹְɡ

ӵˣè̸ĵģɺȴԱ߿Ŀɿڴ

ֻлһ˼ǵصôôͽɡ




67.  ʮ   һ

ĮǱһ, Ӧˡ

лȻȥɣˣǽѾƵˡ

Į, , һ, צлģŬͷ, ȻǾ޴צӱӷ϶ʧˡ

ѶǽϣǱǾþõƽ, Į뿪ˡ

𾪵ؿл壺ʲô
ǲǹлôôģ

лһۣ, ̧žߡ

ͨһɺȻǰˡ

лһ, ʶԱ, ȫɳӣ˲ҪԵ

һֱֻ§סл忿˷ӵļͷȵ, Ҳ

л, ԲסǱĮ˵һֻ, Ӧñסܴ뿪Բֶ, л
һʹսԭֵɱ˶˵ʲôлĵˣȴ𱨣ʵΪˣлɱҰɣ

ô˵ϣ˼һδɱǣҲԼ

Įлǵлһ֮䡣
˵ţͷл壺лͨ󣬶Ȼ뿪ʱֻлó죬ұڴˣҲԸ

޵ҪˣҲŲҪ뿪һ

ǵλεģĿĹ⣬л̲סС벽Ȼŷ˷ӵĻһ͸ȫ

ס˵

սûɿ

ӵ㲻ô᲻ˣ

ɵҵллҪɱңҾ֡󽫾ɱңûôס

⻰˵лһȻԷµƣȷʵǹɵĶ֡

ѾŹɣȫɱ۸ۣҲҪȡ߹ɵ

𣡡лץסӵ󣬡ɱ

ӵ壬ĺԶţĻһֶҪš

л֪ǿǰһŵãЩġ
ǱһǴ룬˱㶼ȥ

ϴл˵պһЩ־ܡ²ӣл²ȥ֡

οֻǲҧȴסҧӡйڣܹǶһ֡

лյӶߣ ɱ

ü塪

лٰѽżһ㣬ǰ˴գ˷ӵĶ䡣
ֻһһգҲ̵òС

ɱô
ʡ

ԷӶɢǱ·ڸµȫƫһԣɿ˹ɵĵ

л֪ˡ
ԼҲģȲſڣ߹ɣξҪ´Σһ֮ء

⻰˵ʵͦ飬ΪҲ֮ء

óϷж£˸񣺡лﲻɱ֮

л岻ϰ˶ô΢΢ܿȻҵʳˮֳһЩá

ϰҪʳˮ룬Ƿӿһ˸۶ֻһķݡ

ЩʳȻǸңȥȻôȥӲƤ֮ͷƽ񣬷˱ǡ

ֻչȴˮһֻŵһŨȻǾơ

Ҳǣˮ޷浽ڡ

ӽЪϢĵط˷϶
ط˵Σգл˵һ⣬ȴ·

ɻǸɱ
ֻǲڰǰɱСĺܣܲѪǲҪĺá

ӳ˸֮㿿ڱϱĿлע⵽촽ѾЩѣȴһֱûȥչľˮ

л룬
ûۣһȴס֣ȥĶ

뿴ܴܲҵˮ

ءӵҰչҰޣҰѱ˵׼ʲôʱˡ
л幾Ҿޱ˺öˡ

̧ۿһۣȫģˣúЪЪܺȾƣֻڲʡ

л忴˫˵⻹вʣ

ʱְ֪˵Ĳԣ֪ԼȥʲôֱôţֱģһƬůĶǽˮƵģԸˡ

ɿʵԶȼͣʧѪҪˮ֡
ҹ˯֮л廹ԼܸоӷĴԶࡣ

лһֻչޣӣͺȵɣұ˯ѨͲˡ

ÿνг֣鼱֮ʱһνźڰڽ˳Լе㷢̡
÷Ӿͷ׼û

ȻηҲûоܾ

ֻ֪ŴڵҹڷӰΰѵʱôһж

ӵһ𣬺ǵƣ̫ˣҿ

лֱȥͻӣлȥͻӣȴס֣ͣ壬ιҺòã

仰ƴŻӣлˣӦҲǣӦҲǣ֪Ǻá

ڰ俴ģҲŲµõԼְԼһֻȡ

Ҳû̫ΪԼ˻ӣչ޺һڡ
ʵĴһҺ壬̰Ҫһ

ţغڣǿͣˡ
ЩƲ֪˶꣬ŨͷҲһѰˮɱȡ

ѾǿˣƾȴȻ֮⡣

лͷȡǰ̽Ѩλ

ý˿ɢڼϣӵĹӳķϺϣÿһ巢˵Ĺ

лԸоӵĺ˲٣һҲ࣬ףʲôڷӿ֮

лòãķӺٻ
ѰѨλȥȻ׽ס

塱
ӵķ̣࣬΢΢㽫˻㣬·һͻữˮ
ܽʡ

ֻһ˲ֺȻסػ䣬˺۾ȥ

ûá
лؿڡ
Ѩı»㲻

ԴһּĽǶڲϣͣϣ̲סġ
ǣһ

*

ʱֻǰ˸
ڵص˵ˡ

ֻл岻ڣҲڣ鿿Ӷ䣬ϡ

ֻл£ס飬÷Ӱ˯

лأʡ

ȥȡˡ˯Ҳ̫Сˣչ޶ˣȫˡ

ӹɳϼֻչᶫľѾ丵βʣ
֮ͷʹļȷʵмģ

һȥģ

ǵǡСҽŮصúܣôҲϺҸһȥҸֻһǰУܲҵ·

ӳĬƬ̣ߵǰͳذס

һʲô

ҲŮӶ̣˵ʵذϣӵһ˿¶ȣôģ

ҹﲻݣŪ˾ƣңôС

ذ΢΢תһ·пһϸϸĿӣѪ鼴

ûаôõĳҲûаôԡӵǻ˺ۣǱġ

⼸ķȻΪȴǺºͣлҲǧ˳鼸ҶɵĶ֡

ʱл岻ڣżʶһ棬ͷɿʼ˵˵ˮҴ򷭵ġ

ӵͫ͵
ƴˣлȻȥҡ
ɵȻһȥҳ·ֻһͷл塣

ʲôһһʡ




68.  ʮ   ʥŮ

ǰ漸л嶼·, м䵽ȡƵ·ߣлȴ̫졣
ʱںϣܵ÷ɿ, ڰ֮, ֻǵúʱǴţʱԾ, ˴
Ǳž룬괰, ҵɡ

лţߵмǼ, ȴ˹ɡ

ҵ·ˣлʡ
ʱ˵ҪΪѰһ·

ҵ, ҪȥǡȻˣȥʹ󽫾
һ˵, һűȥ

ڿ뿪ط
лһϲ, Զ𣿡

ɵͷͦԶġ

л壺ãȥȡ·ϱš

պǴӴԾȥģлǰȴȴ˩, ҲƲ, Ǳľסˡ

л壺
Ȼͼԭ˵ҪĹɹ˷ţת, Ŀأ̰η塣

С𳤴ЩXʰ, л忴ƵĿ⣬ʱƾĹӣټ׳ݡԵצԼӣÿһζܰᵽ޵

˿лûйӣҲû׳Ե硣

һл壬лһˣҪʲô

΢΢һЦлѩһ£

һҵڵģֻҪǳȥҪʲôŮûУ
лͼ˵㿴òƽƽҲޣȵͷǣҲҪҶ֣󽫾һĲ㡱

壬Ƕһ޶˿ɱȡֻҪңһǴɢм檣ȢΪ󡣡

塱лֱƤ񣬵ɵĶȴδϿ˽ŵڣŷ಻ǵһ檣ǱҲһף˵󡣰壬߰ɡܸģҲһܸ㣬Ӳܸģһܸ㡣

лѾ˵·ˣ˴ӣɵأ⻰棿

һǰȭһָָ죺ϣаԣΪţۣ

Ǻгˡ

˺һ㡱л㰤ôСе㺦¡

ɴһ

١һ

ɽŲһ£Ѿˣл弱æתڴϴУ졪

µ˹ɵҲ˹ɻС
࣬һ첲㹿л嶯ãĪҪƲԳԷƣȰңΪŷӻʲôùӳԣһ˻Ӯ˾͸ֻ·һ

ʲô˼
ел彩һ¡

ɵһ㣺뿪ߡһͳңҲļң壬ҵɡ

ѹлϣол岻ɿ죬⿪ԼۣҵˣӻҪҪŮңһָͷŮ˲࣬Ѿˣڷϴɾˣǲ뱻ֻ֪йԹԸҡ

ҸˣлؿҼҵĹҪͷҲܹסԼ硣֪Σʩ㣬޲㣬ֲҡƾʲôΪʩ֮һԹĻˣ

ɽס
лѱĮǿʼɾѾһȫļƻֱĿǰΪֹһжʮȴû뵽л˲

Ůڿñ컹˭õڣԵõˣⲻ˭֪

ҲĶ֣㣬ΪģΡ
лǲмֻ֮ǿбŮ˵ˣܵˣ¾ʹˣҲаǮϸ𡣡

㣡һʱȻ޴룬лߣһ꣬˫ֳл죬ô˵㶼ҵʥŮҵҵ󣡡

顱һ죬Űѣľм׷ɣһǹ⴩͸ľмɡ
ǹǷ絶ȫɱ

ɷ𵶣סǹ⡣

ѹϵĳʧлڽ½ˮۿ

壡ӽе

ԣҪͿ԰Ѻ
ġ
ޱ˿ɰˡ

һĨһȥʹѶľˮǷ׷׶䣬еίֺͶȫӿˡ

һ죬ӷһƺߣлͷͼ֮СԭЩɢܵļҾߣһŲȥȴ̤˸ա

󽫾㻹ʱҾͳ׼ˡ㲻ΪôãɳӰɣ

ɵĵ˷ӵĲϣӰӣ˺Լͷ­ֵƽԼ֮أӣ񲻵ʥŮԴ

𵶣Ҫеķն䡣

лǿһľ壬Źɵĺȥ
ɲܲãһľҵöѣ¶һЦݣ󣬿ˣɱҵˡ

Ҫ
лһԼ֪Լһ·ܴӺ

ɵĵԥնȥѩǹʱ⣬˰

ʱϴһ죬һǺ

Įǣ

л嵽ڣͼ򿪴ӡ
֣ڲ

ǸܵлϢĮһһ£Ѵĵøˣһϸɳݶ䡣

һܿ˾Ҫɱ˷ӣȻЮл壬ȻԱ

ͷתؿںȻһȻŸоʹɢ
ͷһذס

ʹɢȫʹһڽںˣҲվסڵϡ

Ӵ˳˿ɢңմѪӢɱ·Ǵӵħ

лҪסԼ죬ֹԼ޳

̫ˣ̫
û

֪û£Ĵ󽫾ϵսתս޲ʤܣ

һ֮ǰӾذɱ˹ɡ
һֻأذȥȥĵط

ذװ˳ϲ˲ѪӸл塣

ذлľԿһЩȻôȥͷĮܰӲˡ

γذ׺󣬹˿ѪȪӿסһʹ

˿ڿܿҪΪӻлҪʡ

ӵǹ׼˹ɵ˵Լ˭

˵˵ؿ˴ȫȻû˷ŵǿᣬֻҪһʲô˵һԷλʲͶ˳룬󽫾ɱңһĴһ

˰ɣ
ûдֵһ˿ôȥ껹̣Ҵϳ˵յ룬ʵֵµʮ˲ѾֱĲ嶼ס۰øһ뿪˰ܱĴ㡣

¶ް顣

Ȼò׶ȡ˱λֵ£һҲṳ̂ƴǡ
֮ǰŰĿ嫱ʮ˲һβܴܷӣҪ̨ιӥ

ܷӣ
սϸǸӣƾԼ֮ܶˣҲһǹԱ󽫣ұѾϤնϣ´ۿҪҳһƬɢɳ

û䣬ھֻҪʥŮشʣûʲôٶҡλ

ņ̀˹ɵ°ͣӾӸ£Ǹ˭ǱɣҿԱסһ

ǡɴϢǡ
Ȼ䱩л塣

лںȴ֮ĺѴĵ죬ÿһ£ӴӶҪһΣɳӴͷ䣬һ㣬껹ԽԽơ

ֻоһӰڵ⣬̧ͷͼſ˫ۣЦ


л屧ͷһУŵĶ־ӿ

ǹҪȥ

ʱѡһ죬յĴ룬ֱԾ˽ڰյĹһͷײɡ

һԾײ˸£һŭĳ߶ס˹ɰ߼ۿҪҧȥ

лȴһΣڵأɳӣͷϵķꡱ졣

ͣɿɣʶʲôᣬᣬһ䱸

ãҪһסл壬ߡ

ҲءһԴл塣

лܵúܿġ

ȻǷ˼лȥ޷Ҫȥʱ򣬺ȴ죬¶

ԣзӣҺҪҪˡ
ݶϵɳ£лһֻץŷӣһֻץźϵĳëԣҪǲߣҲˡ

վɳϣɳ̣꣬оȻûа־尧ˣֻл塣

ɳлϴһȦΣлĮϵӣ㱿Ƿڻ

ڻѾºͷɳа߲֮ǰûпʲôã֮󣬲ע⵽񱳺һ

ϵ߸ߵƶˣϵ߹أţ복ÿһ涼ϵŰɫʾű¡ص顣

֮䣬֮䣬һʵһƥɫĮǴϱأצƣ״衣

ĮϳһŮӣɴƮɡ

ǱǣʥŮ




69.  ʮ   ؼ


л弱ò, ȴֻ÷ϱ

۽⣬л忴ӵǹ׼˺

л壺
֪Ҫʲô

鼱֮, ߬, ŵع𡪡

ĥȥ, ˭Ҳ߲ˡ
ӵƽϵѷ첻, ˵ɳϸʱѾǴ, ߣ

һأǹ˺βͱϡ

һ, ǰڳȥлӺϹ, ɳ, תץסӵ֡

¶һ˿ŭ⣺л壡

лҲ໰ߡ
δֶ, ʲô, ǰҲΪɭ壬Թʱȴ˵򶨴, Ҳƭ

Ȼһ֮һƬճ壬˿ֳѪˡ

ҵġӵ, ߡ

βϾ
ɳ£лͷż⣬һ¡

˵лᣬᶨߡ

ǽɳҡҡ׹ڱһɳӴ򷭣˺ڰ

Ϩ֮ʱлҡҡλε͵һ

ɵʮֿ£ޱ֮ʶе׺

ɹȻ˵òᣬȴҲͬǿ֮ĩҪƴܾˣ˶Ҫ

лսеذףûɱˣǹͷͬھһԡ

ɹֻǺݺݿ˷һۣת

ڴʱϨ𣬺ڰ֮ǰл忴ת෴ķ򡪡黹Ƕ

ءڰһʮֲԸĳлŵ˺ϵϢźë׵лǰ

һΣûٶԷˡ

лͷںȡ
лӣңǧ֡

š
ֻϸ°͸ļ򣬵͵͵Ӧһ

ֵġ
ζᡣ

ںԾͬһ˲ƶ޴ıɳɽй£֪ɳ³˶Ȼݡ

̮ýӶɳľˮҹܵһ㣬ڰлֻÿ֪ʲô޴ĶͷصһĻ

ʲôȵĶлϡ

ӡлȥ

ӵסļоһƬ廬ȫѪޣû¡

лһѾ˺ͷססȫˣˣȵȣӣȵȣͿˡ

֪Լ˵ʲô
ʲôˣ
ȥ
ܳȥ

ڰ޾ޱģ·һ޴ج֮Уֹ̮ɳɽһ㣬ҧǵ

أǰһĨ⡣һڡ

һԾ

ɲǼ䣬һƬ

֪ǲںڰд̫ˣл屻ʹ۾һ

ɫǱˮϴһҲûУһƬʯʯɫǴŮ֬ӣɫ쵤ϼò˼䡣

ʯ䣬ΧһƬɽȣ̲࣬Ųٴת絽˱£ӿθƢ

ֱɾ

Ҳΰɣлૣӣ㿴

·ȷİȫһֱ§֣شȥ

*

Ӿúۡ
˯˼Ϊһ۵ʱǰ˿ѾõǴл·ϳĲϣϵ»͸һɲҩ
ԴеһҲʵʵǴһñӡ

紵ңɳɳ졣
̲

ĲţɳĮоȻһƬޡ

Ӱ

ϸϸģл塣

˿ڴĲҩԼֹʹĹЧ֮ʱΪ㣬û߳ˮ

ʲôˮڡ

Խһʯһˮ̶ǰӴˮ̶һֻӣˮлһͷһ

֣лŴ󽫾֪𣿡

ˮʪͷʪߣϸĲһ·죬īĵü쳣Բ⻬ļͷϵȵ֬

ء
ȻؿŰߣһ

лѸˮֻ̽һԴȻֻһֻ֦ͷɹ

׼ԾϰлץסβͣлָΪᣬëýһʱѰϵĶ׵Ժ

лϴ裬ԼϷϵɳҲϴòˣȻ

Ȼ£ɵƽֱԵøⳤ

ȺĿ˯ú㡣

ʱԼͷȴһǣڰʱʧѪ࣬ϸˮйӣпõĲҩл尲Ĳ١
ֻýˣȻַ΢΢졣

лʱе㵣ģָĶ£Ȼ˵úܣһ֮£ˡ

㡣ǰӵ֮£ûзգû뵽ﾹ

ȵȺòãȥûȵĲҩл˵Ǹ˵

˵Ҫߣȴס

ӻ۾㲻ȥûзȡ

ȵúܣպˡлǿģģɽȲҲԶأûµġ

˵Ҫٴס˵лһȣԡ

ȻѾǳо飬ֱۼʱסû˿ڣһ˰һµ˽ϢϢţֻҪǰһ㣬Ҫϴ

лɲǼ䷢̣죬ȥҩ

һ˵һҪȴһۣ˷ϥϣӵͳ˵ˣҲǷȡ

ле㶮ˣǵģ˷ȣһҲ죬̣Լ˿̡

˶ίУлͷֱᣬѵصҸù

ӵ͵͵һЦлﵹǴ󵨵úܣô߳


лܵѪ
һͷһ컯ܡһ

Ȼ߹һл壬һ·ӡ

л־ϲӣϲ˰

أӿл壬䣬ˮϲ𣿡

лף֪ƿҡȥժӣ

û߳ԶȻͷһٴζŷ

ˣЩҡ

л彫Žɣȥסӡ
Ȼ

ֻ㱧ҵʱŵԼˡӴü۵͸һ˿Ц⣬ô죿Ҫչˡ

л壺
ΪʲôĮǻϰԣ

*

ˮ̶ԶĵϣһѨ
ǱǺĵطֻѾȫɳӷסˡ

ɺǺǵһԶرɳ¡

ӵ˼գް˱㽫ڴ󲿷ֵط˸顣

ɽȵһˣмѾķݣ紵ɹѾ治Ŀ

ڵصףһ岢δȫᣬЩ˳Įʱȥ񡣡

أл̲סʡ
ľʢ޳ȺȴѾûĺۼˡ

˺ûܻش⣬ϧ˵

ӰʥŮ¸л壬лֻû

ĮǱʥŮϲ࣬ÿһֻٶһֻʲôޣһȥǲҪΪһʥŮ

Ϊһ¶ȷʵ֪Լ

ʦʱûǺδģҲû¼ġ

֮ʱǱ꾭ܱ֮ʡ״ʵңʦ˵ɣ

ҲΪ֪ԼͰʥŮ
һǳס˶ʮıˣôͻȻͳ˱أ

ҾǹԼλȣµ÷ˣץһþݲţ÷ħˡл

ɾ˵⻰ʱ򣬿˵Եһ߰׹ǡ

˷ᣬѪ⻹أһҲ⡣
һ·߹Ѿǵһ¿׹ǡ

֮ǰİ׹ڵϷйᣬٱ紵䵽ȵףѾɢһţԭò

һȴǿŵ£òδϹ¶ֱӱڹȵ׻Ϊ˰׹ǡ

лĹܹ֮ҪΪ

лͷһؼ׹ǵʱЩսľһ룬һ˺־ͷӣôݶӦһһݣ˱ģΪ׹ǰһܼġ

һߺʱ㵥ΪһذлţȻ˰׹ԱߵĲݴʲô

ʰһҽ

ҽҽ

ĳߴ硢״һϤ˼㡣

ֻл˷ȻʶһܣԾǾ߰׹ǡ

л˫һڵϣ˰׹Աߣοݣ¶һֻҽ䣬ѾãľͷҲҪ࣬ҽߣһڹȥһһġ

ʦ

л¡

ǰʦԴ뿪úչС𣬵ȥƴǸϼ
лͷ·𻹲ĵ£ǰ·𻹿Կʦݡ

ʱȥʦǰܼȴֻһ߰׹ˡ

ĬĬؿл塣

лǰ޵ģҲܿޣӴûм޵ģƸγϡ

һԵδܹ飬Ҳʹࡣ

ֻǿޣʹл뻳Улץס½󣬺ޣҪ⼸еίһ޾

л㿴
ɵͽܣһֱĻԹԵһҽúչС

ڣؼˡ




70.  ʮ   

氲, ûһĮޣƬɽȻǸΪ֪ؾ괦лεĵط, ȻɽС

лεʬΪʲôɽȣ

ӦĮ, ϵлΣлεʬϵɽС

еĹѾڻɳ֮, ʵ鵽Σ˭Ҳ֪, ֻƶϡ

һΪ̴ӣӲ㷲, Ҵһӡ

Ҳĵؽ̫СޣҲ֮Ĺ˿𽥵, һӱи·˵صлΡ

Ϊʲôʦ˵أ
ҹлԴϥ, ۾, û

룬һߵֻϣƽɳ, һǡӵ, ڱ֪ԼǱˣʮ, ܻôƽ𣿡

лԾл룬ǵġ

ʱ֪Լһ, ͷʮַҡ

ҳŴ߾˲ţʧأԱ˺֮ǡ

ϷɳûеλһɱˣȻ˱׷һ

Ҳ˵׵ԼܲܽԼǸˣ˵ʦҲ˳˳ذһСߡ

л룬³һѾûһˣ벻Ҳûʲôġ

һ˵һ֦ѻ￾ŵĶ

Щɽڵ˸ҲЩʳҲ֪ʲôʱΪˮۣ۷ŴXɽ

հʮ֣лֻ֣չĹĵģС㡣

ӿ΢Ц
ϲİ塣

ѾȥıȥδҲȥģܽŵ£峺һͣһһ๣ȥƳ

걻һι֮ʱӦҲǳԹʳģлĶֱͷϳˮεʡ

лѵһ˺Ȼٰһӡ

û뵽Ѿһݸ

ҡΣӳ˵Щ졣

ءʾҪ

ɽȻܷ磬ҹǺл彫յһЩ

ſлߣӴγһССɽ壬ɡ

ӵ͵͵ؿ˼

л̧ͷô

ҲǺ䡱˵ţֿ˼££½󣬡ԭģԼ֮ʧѪ࣬ҲЩηˣȿȿȿȡ

лѰ˼ǰû䣬ѵԽԽˣ
һ룬ȷʵҪЩЩɽȵжûУȻǸȥ

ߵߣҵľ룬ͷӲ¡

ճճúñδ̵ĺճԼĸףһл廻˵ط˯ҲŲС鲽ȥˣ°¡

лʾӣź˯ǸȻĴů¯

ȻͼŲŲ§˻

л壺

һ˽ӽ
ʱһƬڰ֮У˿̣ҫ֧Դؿŷӡ

ӵ۾գգ㣬˯һ룬ܻ˰Դ

лԼӴԼǳˣȻӷӵ۾￴һ˿ζ
ɱ壬š

°͸ͷϣǷһ̾Ϣ

˱һţԴָϣĵؽ硣

*

ٵ˼գӵȶԶ뿪ˡ

ȱɳ˱֮ɳĮ

ĮޱϤ۾֪ɳںδһ·лͷ뿪

л
Ƶϸϸɳɳ͵ȥ쳣տԶ

˭Ҳ뵽һĻԻͣԼһ˥

ѾĮĵشԤƻصԵĹ

ڶİ˴ĴѰҷӵ·ɽɣеһ˳̡

·ɽɼӱܴع˺ѷεһӣ

ӼݣЩȻ˲ٿͷļ磺ˡ

Ҿ֪Ӿ£·ɽһ˿ǻȻл塣

лֻ·ɽɵ۾ܷɳȻ·ɽɵҧӣȻƴǣһȥһֿ֡϶壬һ׼û¡

ɣüͷ΢壬϶岻ֹһξһûͲˡ

˵ţ̧һڳÿһʿӽ󣬼лң˴а㲻ǴҲұشϴá

ǣʿȻӦŵ

̱ʱġ

ѮͬҴ˶ʮ̣Ա֪֮·ɽɵֻǶԺֳ棬ȴ뵽˱еĴ˵

ͳЩ˼Ҳܵö࣬Ѱʱʳ֮

ʱ˾͵Ӫо֮ʣ²ִ٣ǴĲã󽫾лպðɡ

ⷬһȷʵòлæ̵л
̹ΪЧͣĩĸ֡

л壺
Ҳ˹

ȻڴУǡ󽫾Ůˡ˶Ǹ輧ѣ㡣

⵹лЩӦæһ

ʱױԱСѾ걸ˡ

ӵ˼סһãôЩ˶ôġ

лƤҺ˭żÿһ˶ŵòᣬлźЪԱߵС

Ƕһ˯ͷͱ죬лط˼֮Уһ˯÷ʱѼͷһƬ

лæ

ŲڲԶƥϰһƼл壬ԶԶӭ
ʧȥһֱۣһܿյģлʵ̽˿ɻã

ֻܴشĩ޴ˡ̵ȥɣ󽫾˵ˣ˱

ô죬лѾϰߣ۾һ±ҪȥһΣʱ˵ƵЩ˼ֻšһ

ϴųĺͰЦ󽫾ͬ벻ʵ䣬֮ϣĩպһϲء

лǰ;ͬ˴򽻵һʮָѰ£ʱָоﵽ۷塣

ȫȻ֪ôӻ˵ǣδЩ˵ǣҲܷϷӶԼ⣬ֻôҴһ䡰˵˵ЦˡҲƵؽ˷ӵ

ں·ɽս£̧ۼлֻǰһ

аףл崩һѩҫ۵İ£һһ裬ͷϴ˶ԲСİñӣñź챦ʯرߴһȦɴǸҹŮڵɴõġ

һӵɫȴ˲ˡ




71.  ʮһ   ʲô

лͷԼôˣ

ûʲôӺܿƽ, ˵űԸ˰緹͵л

緹ˮݿĸһ⸬Ѿ, ǵһԵġ

л崹۾֪

һ١

лʱǼ, һԲһ˫۾ֱ˵ʱ򣬶㴹۽޵ʱ

߸Ӧ, Ϊζ鲻̫á

йذɣл󣬡֪ʲô

̾˿, ˵ĸлȳԷ

Ȼ˴̡

̽ʱлųԷٲȻѾƽƽ, ˿֮֡

ֻǷɫԥüȥΪлһѡ

л壺
֪ʲôԣû뵽·
·, ʵغǲﲻˣ

̱л廹Ҫ⣺󽫾, 񱱵Ⱥ, ٵȲɻʮ˲ֻ¾Ҫɢʱشܲԭȥǡ񣬴ʱĮǳ, ʥŮ, ֻҪлĮȥǰһˣܱѪнշֶΪ

֪ӵһ˿, ȥһ

û˵ʲôȥ֮ʱϵʮΡ

Ȼʧ, ÿ֮ʱ嶼ѡŮӰʥŮм֮

һǳһҵģԭǿԷϣû뵽պúлݣԾ⵱⡣

ӲϲֻѰԭٽһȴһֻĬĬ¡

лӹѣȴûл˼һʥŮ𣿡

ӣš

ҪǴѣͿȥסҵľ𣿡лʵ

ӸҾµıǼ˾ѣֻҪĮǳ֣ʮа˾űḩ

ʮа˾šǽΪ˵

ʵĮһһıֻһҲӲ

ǲǺܺ𣿣л۾һһ䣬ֻҪһѾͿԴʤˡ

ζʥŮݣʹʥŮȨҪʥŮΡһؽҪڱң̷񡣡
ӵͳѹֲסĲãĲ㻶ģϣ¼޸Ϊ˳α

лͷһۣ̲סʵΪһŲȥ𣿡

Դ飬󽫾ȻǲмΪ֮ģȻܻϡ֮һʥŮҲزȥˡ

ǣ㲻ʤ𣿡

ʤһԼȥ򡣡ⳡսԭ޹ء

лͷ˼

ĵĳϵɳĮȵϢ紵лƺҲͷϵİɴ΢΢գӳ峺Ƭɽе̶

ǵġлҲǱ߾գֻҪһ̣Ҫܲ

󲮺սعʮأһ硣
ݽɷսݽһ˺Щꡣ
ܴĶҲսȥ¼ҵҲҪΪӱ

ʵƼˣҵʿֺγǱ˵ĸסɷͶӣ

˰ɣҲٿˡ
лѣ̧ͷӣȻ

ؿĿ䣬лЩмܲסæ۾૵ϡϾѾ۵ˡ

ǰһ˻̾˿塱

ŨŨʧ͵ͳлŵӣ˫ۻסҼǵ˵ʥŮѡģԲԣ

ӣš

㻹˵ҪýƸȢΪޣԲԣ

΢΢㶣뿴ллȴýģɿҲ̧ͷֻ˵ǲǡ

ӴǶֻüһС뷺գԼһֻѾ觰Ķ䡣

лʳ仰þ˶ʮȴٳδл岻һ٣ֿʼе㽩Ӳ

Ȼ˫ֱ㱻סȻӻеܲ͸磬һ̧ͷӵĴ

лӦǣֱǰһ̣֮쳣һ͸

ڷſĺ٣ϢʮˣҲֱ̳

·һ۲ҪƵģַ·ٵһҪջǾ仰Ƶġ

ǡһֵһýƸȢţΨһˡ

*

һ౱˵Ǽ֤񼣵һ̡
౱ȥ֮󣬻᲻ϵ󱲸ǿľ󡪡

Į˸ߴɽīʥŮӯɣĻ꣬ѩǷ·Ǵ˹ˮ̤ԭǵǰ

ֻڴ˵ҥе񻰾ǰ֣˾ʥŮǰĮ޵ѾҪȻȥʥŮЬ⡣

һǰ˾ʹ顣

ʮ˲ͷֱΪҪֿӵĴǿڴ˵أʱʥŮʮ˲óϷͬ˳롣

ҹӪ㿪ϯ˾ϯϣϯл

лϻǴʥŮΣҪѾˣֹͣսҲѾֹͣл㡣

ʵϯģ˶ĵطе㲻ڣοиʲô£ʮ߾ϣʮͷ

н³̡
ϯϻᶨ˫ŵ󣬾»ɳרϸϸ顣

ı̵ͨ

ǰǶǿӵģ⼸رһӶûнϣֺʤ㣬Ǯķӡ

αΪǵһƽʱֻ񣬵ʥŮ٣Ҫ

һһ׼ˣӲԭ޽ûׯϡһѡɫĽΪλЧ͡

˾млڼ˾£Ҳʩл

סֱۣĶգһۡ

һգ÷ɿ죬ϵл壬˭Ҳ

л壺

˵˽ƻʵûġ

ӵʱ˵ҪѡҪޣҪص񣬱ڻҪػŪϸʮʮ꣬ϸ󾫣ɣǵĺҲóˡ

˾Ȼֻ֪һζлžѯּ⣬бѡ

ˡ

лһһһصӡ

һ˶ʱȻһӼлĵһʮڣʱҲǵһվ󽫾ǸʿǶ֪Ǳˣ

˸һ׳˶ӣʮ־ˡ

л΢΢Ȼ;һůס֡

л̧۱㿴ӿů

ȷʵˡл̧ͷСڱʮҲǱˡ

˼ǣʥŮȻ͵·ı

λҲǲСӵӪδд棬վϯһҲս

˵ʱǺͻһ˿Ц⣬Լһƴԣս£ƽʮֲͬ

ûһӦ

ȫ山죺

Щܴȫڷˡ

֮Թ˳ôѸ٣һʥŮ֪ͣٴȥҲֻͽٴҲӮ

Ϊ񣬾ͬλţ򣬸񰲶ʳֻҪòԭʢÿŮӽ֬ͿÿһƬԭţ򣬱Ϊ
˵ţɨÿһλ죬ÿһ˶Ŀһѩıɱѹڳ֮£Ϊˣ˵ҼȻɴ룬Ǵһӣڴñ

ûܷҲû˸ҷ

˾һ񣬸׵һкˣʥŮ˼䣬ϲ¡ӣԵּ⣬Ůѡѡ񡣴ʮ˲ӴԺĺ

˾̬ʮ˲ϯϥأ˲ԭڣʮ˲ԸӴ

ã룬Ը뱱ս£񣬹̫ƽ

ս£̫ƽ
Ӧȣ޴˼ܽƷ

л۽޷Կصе㷢죬ۿЩ͡
һ죬ʮꡣ

֮ս´˷һһ˵ģĸʧȥӣʧȥɷ򣬶Ůʧȥףǹɢ

ӽԺٲˡ

*

Ӳϵˡ

л֪Ҳøˡ

𰾺ѾлƿʵӣͿ·ɽʰϵ顣

˳֮Ѿ䶨Ҫʦسˡ

·ɽָл˸ơ

лط֣·ɽɾȻѵõûжüۣһ˿Ц⡣

·ɽɴԼǷ׽ˣƽ׽ˣлȻǰ⣬·֪󽫾´𣿡

·ɽɵɫһ֮Աǵ飬˵ôܣȻͼԭ˯ķ۾ȳһͷơ

·ɽɣ

ô죿
ֻӾ

Ӳص˵ͷ

ǣʲô𣿡

·ɽȫش⣬л忴ı˸Ρ

·ɽϳΡ

һľȻ¹µ




72.  ʮ   

ʦ

ⳡʤ, Ѿʮ꣬ԽŮɽ֮ʣаշЯ, žˮϹɫʳ, еӭ

ű¹Աǰ

Ӧ󣬴ֻʣֵ, ߸磬

о, ͵վȨ, νǱַֹؾأһֻΪߡ

һβֱӴ򵽱ϳ, ˱оѾ˵Ǹߵ, ֻݡ

ʵϷһ͵ķ

Цһ¡

ûġ

һ챱, ǰԼһĿİӣȫϻж۵

ǣ屧ͷĻ, ǲǵýƸ, һؼ䶼ݲԵˣֻһǡ֡

ˣҲǡǡ

δ, ʥŮһҪޱһ
κˡ

һΪֳĹѫϲһΪҪԵеǣ߸, ֪ǰԼ˻Ͽ

Ҳ𣬱㲻ñô
ӵһ߲ʱ滻˺ͱ˽ףΪͷܽԵй֣֮մȨ޹֮˵ҵڸյİҵֻȫҪӰ

ŷӣĿм־졣

ͷһһģǾڳûں󹬣ûкԮ

޳ӳצĸ嵱ɽΪ˵ǹԮ

ƽֻԶԶ뿪Ȩģǿסƽ

Զ߱رȴӲͷΪ˱ԼǸµս

˿̵ķӣһֱϻеıڳʣӻĹʷûʲôڸâ

߳ʵʱ򣬿·ɽɺϷ졣

ʢĵҫۣԱὫ洺磬ڼƾԼսԼԻ쵽ʲô͡

·ɽĸھ·鹡

ϷܵöΪ֪

߹ȥ˵ļ磺﹧ϲλˡ

ϲЦտͬϲͬϲʤ̴ͣ³Ｏݣǹû

㹦㲻ʲôЦ⣬λֻҪһֱ߸ߣΪָ

·ɽɺϷЦѰˣҶˣĶսĻ᣿

ֻЦû˵
߸ϾҪΪյս˲Ϣ䣬ܿܣѪȴҪκһѪ

Ͻӵױ󽫾ҡ

Ϸ˵Ȼлˣϲؽ˴ʡ

ӵƲδȫϣʱϣ°͵˵㰸ϵһֻϻȥ

ϷһǺһƱ
ǡ

Ҫ㣬ɻܷûС²ҿĿϲ⡣

ֹ⣬ֱǴ󳬳Ԥ룬ϷŽϻֵ㵸ûҺ꣡

üûˣ

ϷٺЦһ汧ϻˣһӢµһӳ꣡

*

л֮ʮæµ

һǴս˱٣Ϊвòڳطá

ʦ˼ң׼ʦɥ¡

л˵ССͱ㵱˼ңֻнܶˣһûϲ£ûɥ£æȫͷ

˰ллܾˡ

Ϊʦһ£Լ

лȥڤֽҪһӺȻͣߡ

ƿһŰǧףô˴󽫾ҪҲûУѵǴ󽫾Ѿ㣬ʧˣ

ǰ֪⡣
ԭһЩ°ͼ⣬ԽȻ˿ˡ

л忴˿ԱߣϽû㣿

֪ӹһ˿ҪǸˡ

лЮЮӣҪ㡣

㡢㲻ߣ֪⾹ӽӳ˳ץסлΪŷӻʲô³죬ֻǲҪˣΪĳ谮ж˲һң

лŷַžð֪ˣΪڹ߻谵˴

£֪ݲ԰ףϷصۣ֬ȴȻڸµڣǶһżߣҲѪ˿

ԭָݵͬצһ㣬ֱ

¶µİ֪һӳĹꡣ

ôлӸ£ʡ

ԴＮǰЩڰ֪ǰӭĹŮ֪̽ȻΪжȻܿ찲֪ףֻΪЦ

ӱһŮһ佫Ľ殣ӱһˣһ

ǻû뿪ӱشЦ֪޲˺ǵ졣

л仰ʵúƽڰ֪ȴκһ䳰Ҫ񶾡

֪ҧסЩǰӵԻѾӿǻһھҪл

ʲôΣΪ󿪷֮ţԺȶʹǰһǴ֮˰սĹѫΪ
лܹܹԹûжԣֻһѩƭһƭʲôζ֪˶ÿҪʱȫĸоʵڷ֪֮ÿ˶ָļζԹ֮ԩءζ𣿡

ѾȥܾˣʦԩҲϴˣʦ˼ҡ

еԸѾʵ֣лԭΪԼѾѹˡ

ɴʱ֪ЩǱµӡۡ

ƽﱻţĴڣһֱڣδʧ

ûгСлһһֵң˶СЩǰĺøͣ

֪ⲻŵؿл塣
һŮľۻһ޴й·л壬л

елһ˵{ӣôô󣬿û뵽ʱлüȻ絶棬ϲŭȴˣǸԶԽӽķӡ

֪·»ص˱Ŀ־ʱ̣һҲ˵

¼ҵ˶ǣʲôοнʱգ㸸һɣҪޣͺĸְɣ̫ۣӦˬ

л˵ţһ޳ڰ֪ϣûȴ㹻λʮָմˮĴС㷢һС

ǳ˻һֻۿҪ̤ϰ֪ͷ

֪ⱻ˵ڵϡ

лǻؼҡ

Ŵ˸ǣĲͦǰȥ

лл
һػȴǽʮ־ŵ׷

ŵĶƴĹŮǣ˶˷Χлǰʺõʺãҳҳ˿лϵİʽ׾ţһ֪лǸ˶

л壺
ֲλû𣿶ϴ˻ܿ䣿

˵ӱһ󣬸߹ܼһյ߸һӣиӵİǸл

ȥͻȥȲ裬ĳĳĸ٣ĳĳǷǺԶϯÿһлȥμӡ

лϲȥ˶ĵطЩͷˡ

ӱ㽻߹ܼһɴȥ

ǸлҲûͽš

Ů·л壬ֱǼ˱׷֣

ЭذлͷŶһ飬ʵ֪ʲôлۣл򣿡

˶ѽѽʲôöƣҲóʶ


л˰¶ֽӡֽǮԼֽԪ

ڹŮ

һǿе⡢лȻǳףڲͬѹܵô󽫾Ŀô󽫾谮мӡ

л壺
ò˵ͦġ

ֱûһֵĿˮ֮УŮֶֽ࣬Цӭлܲöӣһʱ˵ɳĸо

ɼͷ𶥡ʹʱһģһ

Ȼ֮䣬ǰһ󾪺ϼɹ߰㡣

ͣͣͣͣڣ

лԶֻ񱼣߹ܼںǣӣѾܵۿһҪӲˡ

ԭѺͻĮǲ֮أɸûܰлճл壬Сճĸ򣬺޲ðǿž޴ͷ­л廳

лֻðߣò̫ܻˣлһ㲻ţΪˣ˸ȦĲϣ˩

Ҳֻл˩

ԼǸ߹ܼͳ˼ӣԸ߹ܼҸ߿֣߹ܼǣӡ

߹ܼңлл˭Ҫߣҵһ

ڽϣʱ˷ңŮǷ׷ŵüУæ㡣

Сĸɴ۾һգֱӾ˹ȥ

лڵɣӭȥ

֪ǲǸ׳ˣл巢ֺ˼ֹԡ

ʱܵúֱͷóģǰֻ̧޴צϰǡ

һ°ʵˣϷǶѪӡӲɡ

ȻѾ˻ѣ̤ˡǡ

˵Ѽλֳŵòᡣ

󣬵ȴСᵽϢܡ

׳ƺɻƺеֲͬ࣬ȫ

л۲죬׳ûܣΪȱӣ֪ʲôǺ¡

ΨаԵһԣԹԵצӡ

Ƕ˼Ȥ߹ȥһţһƣצһ

˵ʱʱ죬ԵСצһӣʱһҺϱץºôһƬëͺš

һצԵ춨Լлϴĵλ

ֻǺȻĵۣʱʱ뻻һУ׳лߺߡ

׳ʱ䶼ڸԵҲûʲô¡

ֻ磬ȳ㣬лһžţúʮֲ⣬׼Ҫ۸硣

ۿצӾҪϣлһϺȣվã

лĻûвģʱĲ鲻Ըջצӣ۾أͼҡβ͡

л壺
ֵܣǣǹ

ͣͣߴת칰лȣʾлﵽԼ

Ȼϣͣӱ

лؿ裬һξã̫໶ӭҲá

ʱǰ

һƥƵĺԳ־ͷ̤ͬϣӯѸת۵лǰ

ϵʿüĿӢͦдһ˿Ц⣬л֡

л֣ϴӯӯط׷ıϡ

ݣ
ӵл壬תͷ۶ȥ




73.  ʮ   ζ


лε¹ڣǳ, Ա߱ϵķĹ

лҸھӶˡ

ھӶ沨лΣЩһֱлǺˣ΢᲻ҳͷ, ȴûٰл


һЩлùˮ, лϴԩһ, ʾ֮ӦﻥǺԸŰɥ¡

лֱӿ, ź

úֻߵſ, ܰЩɢ

ھӣл廹˼λ

ܴ򡢻ݽͺУξ

ܴлаʦ֣֮ݽлҲչ, Уξʦյͬۡ

ʦ飬еĵͬ, ӦҲǿĵİɣ
л忴ķ, ĹϵĿ֣һĹǰ㣬롣

ǰȻ֪ʦˣûۼʦȥģ, ܾǲ, ʦǴǰůģ

һѰʦĺǴؼҾͺˡһֱ, һֱʦʦʱ̶ڡ

ǵ˴ʱһ, лظоʦĲˡ

ĺȻһůס֡

˲վţ䣬Ʋӵµֻһůɼ͸лŷӣҡҡͷʾõġ

ǰجĵľʹ֮ǰɽ׼źıˣ޵֣·ͣ

ʱ·Ѿˣлûпޣֻǳ紵ȱһӣ紵ú졣

黹û꣬塣ŲµıǽˣСҪƽϲ֣ܸο֮顣

л壺
һµĹûпȴʲô֪

ܱĻҪ˽ֻôһ䣬лȻֿնʧˣȡ֮һʵĳȡ

ˣĴˡ

úúչС𣬵ȵߵͷһգȥȪºʦʦ΢ЦŸǣһûйǵ

ÿһϹ֮󣬶ᵽлǰһڰлŴл
վлߣҲŸ״

ǳھӻܴ򼸸սսУξֱڷӾϹʱһˡ

ӷУξվˡ

ǣǡ󽫾Уξȸˡ

ԱۣСŮ˵Щʵǲ
ɲÿΣð
ˣƫƫýȢŵıǮûУֻ׸

УξһսľǲܴʹɫҪȥ졣

Ȼ˵ǾðСŮʲôˣ

Уξһ
ܴͻݽһ·϶ǧĪҪ¶ڣлﶼ֪󽫾ݡ

Уξ˵󽫾£ֲʲô˵ݣΪʲôҪˣ
վлεĽǶȣɿʼ̣ĪǴ󽫾лֻ֣ѣԲ蹫

ʵл˼
ھȫСϰգһ֪ŮʵǴ󽫾ֻȫ嶼ҪԺǰܻ˵ˡ

УξĿ˵ţ󽫾ˣΪʲô
ĲŪ壿

ݽ̾˿Уξֻ»ٴȥ
Ȼ¶һЦ·ؼ赱УǱ˵⺢мǴ󽫾

ǻȻ򣺡Ҿ˵úܣ
ֵмǴ󽫾Ҳĸ

лСԺ˼ϯҰĹлλ˲ɥȥϯ

߳ŷַûϣȥһ˵ţ΢΢ЦЦС£е֮ĻҪ˵

Сڷǰǧ˳߹ȥסӵ֣ʲô֮Ļ

л壺
Ҳ̫˳˰ɣ

δʲô˳ڵĻлæ

СĹǰ£С֪ʲô𣿡

СȭҪǮңһú飬Ǯ壡

ЦˣЦ־еᣬ⺢ǿ˰࣬Ż־ɣ
ȻСıӣ

СΪѣһвУ

СҡͷԺһչ˰壬һ𱣻塣ЩǰˣҪˣ֪𣿡

Сصͷ

㣬С𣬹ĹǰͷģСԺչˡ

Уξ߳һ·ͷʱľһ
ɶסλͬһ

ллŵʱôҲ뵽һλ󽫾ǰɣ

*

ϯɢлڴǵİʰ˲о֣뿪Ļݽ͵Ժ⣬һꡣ

æ⼸գлҲо۵òˣƤ׼ˮϴȴӺСվڣһźһ˶̣СѧŲ¥Сӵ͹٣á

ЦСһǡ

ڵƹƣһһСӰԡ͵Ĺâлȫů⡣

ʦ㿴
Ƕúܺء
ʦϣҲҪúõİ

վɻ˯ǰ˯ӣǰĻϴﶼڣȥ߼ˮϴСֲɾ
ȥʱú˳ˡ

Сʵܾƽ໰Ӵһʱȴߴߴ˵ͣ

лһ˵⴫һС׼ѣ쳣ȣů룬Ҫһֱͺˡ

⵱Ȼǲܵġҹ˳֮ȻҪھк飬ǰ컹ʥּԷһνؾ
Դʱæʱ

ԭΪҪͲܴһӪġ

С˯ˣлŴϷţ߳

ǰûеƣҲûйţһƬĵǹ͸

ԡ

û˯л岻ԾѹʵȫС𣬿еš

ߵǰȥƣֻûӣȱץס˱˷ϥϡ

ر³һơ

ĻԶůԶʵһΰĳǳأлԹԵţͷļϣ⼸յƣ·Ƿ볲ڵ˰Ъ֮

룬ӣ§סӵĲӡ

ѵ÷ӵЩƣ塱

ʲôʱȥǣлʡ

⼸ˡ

ҿԺһȥ𣿡

ӽ§ЩȻͿ

ȥ̫ҽԺ

ӵЦһ£һΪ᲻ҡ

ле㷢̣ҹɫҲҲеġ

û뵽ܵһ䣬̧ͷת

лϣϡ

ӵ͵͵ЦЦͳƵ죬лļ磬Ҳļͷ΢

Цˡлպˡ

ãáﻹЦ⣬أ⣬˼¡

л˵֣أæ̧ͷʲô¡

һֲ³һ룬̽

лᴷļ磬κڷ˵ֽллֻ챻ˡ

˱ϣ֮ľܵ޼䣬ļлоһ̵͸Ҫǣʲôʵصס

л壺

ڵϹ𣬼ڻȻ鶯лþȫŸԼһʿУУ

֪֪
֪Լֹͻڴ˵֡
˷·ˮ͵Ĺ⣬õ໯ˣһ£ȫ̽

ְͷڼϡ
һɲСлԼԴǱļһҲܶ

ãӼٵĺ΢΢ƽ̾˿壬ֿûȡ

л壺

壬桢ˮ̦ʯʯ£ζ£޶ӵķ˿̴һ˿Ϣζʡ֣ǵ˾衣




74.  ʮ   

ӱǧ, ĶִﾩʱѾǳ

鵱г˾ӣбʹԼйʿ, ȥȫ˲顣

繤ҽߵ, ΪйҲ˽֮ףһǰ̡

лһС

лΪȥ̫ҽԺ, ԸݣԭΪٻһЩ谭, û뵽Ӻͼ˾˫˫޳ɡ

ӵǿһɷʵܲ, ʮաú̫ҽԺϰҽֻԼһλͨҽʲôҲҪ͸¶ҹϵԽԶ, Խȫ֪ô

˾ҲǸ˼, ˵øֱЩʮսƻ, ֪ʥŮһ⡣һҪڰȫĵطǧҪǿ

˾˷һ뾩, ദþ, лͷλʵǸ죬ŻҪ߶߶ʾʾ, һ˱ȫĵطǲǻȥ

л޺ô

˾˰Σʮּص, ޺õģ

Ķ˳⣬һֱƵ졣

̫ɳϻɹһʺ

ʿǾþɳ಻ʲôһȻܱľݣվ˿ȴеܲˣֹõȵʲôʱ򣿡

ûʲôصı˸мֱ꣬ǻʵ۵ˣ

Ȼգǽԣ·Դ

лվڶĩˣ֮ͷֻƾȥֱӵλá

֪Ǹʲô飿
еѹɣ
ĬĬ롣

Ӻٻ˵Լĸ֣·ɽǿ˼ʵճŮɫ̫Է಻ǹѷøһ

ֻ뵽һ㡣
ף̫Ĩӵֻǵһ㣬ڶѷܻЩͷֵ̫ŵЩԹپˡ

ûС
Ĭչ£ûϣվڶǰˣǹͦΣӢͦȴԨs֮

û⻹вϰա

ϰóΧۡ

Ĺµģ֪ǸոΪƽҵĴ󽫾׷켦͸ʿǡ

ЩĹµģԴΪһŹӶһȺָָ㣺Ӵÿ濡ộĪǸ·ɣ

̫ӵĻһãû̫ӸϿӭ

̫ӳ˴򿪳š

һ̫ϱ㻻˻Цݣ߹ȥصߵܣ¿ǰλˡ

񣺡̫ӵ¡

Լֵܣαؼ⣿̫æԭҪģƫƫ½λ赹˲֪˵㾪ţʱȥˣֻǹߵܲӸʵɣ

Ǹһף˫ϵҲ÷Ӿһ巳Ȼν縸ֳ٣ҵҷ

̫ۣͼһ·ģȴôҲ벻

ֻһĬԵϡӰӣͷ϶Ű˸֮֡ӣҳݡ

̫ӷǳڣǵڳȥŪǸ֮ӱˣǿɱŪһԺյĴ󽫾׵öˡ

*

ǸĹ̡

̫Ҫʵ۷һԣǺԺģֳģ˾

Ȼ񲿵ĹԱ̧͵ľʳ

лл˶һơ

Ȼ󳤳Ķ鿪ʼѡ

ӲǣȥɽӪפ

ʹű񲿵ȥ˺齡

ʣµлʥȥʥѵȥѣûѵæȥջѰ֮

лھѣڼǰʿѾС˾

ʿޣǰھΪٵʱоլ߹ܼѾԺӴ׵

лСס˷ʿƽŮͷûаϵ

СҪ߿ƾ֮·徭ˣѧѧ޲𡣵ƿС߶ԡһȴΨ֪²ܴó򣬶Ҫ֪£ƫԶıȻԶԶȲϾǡ

лԷʿʮָм

ʿ꣬ѹ룬һѧС𴫳У޺Ϊʦ߷ӦΪﲻл
˵ŷʿ΢Ц˵Ǵ󽫾෽շҪлȥл󽫾ɡ

ﰡ⴫˸߹ܼҵĲҽУĹܲˣ

δ䣬޴һë׾˽ţһצӰסл壬ͷһ

׳Ҳҡβ;˹

ԵȻΪֻ֣лƣһл屻øڲ㷢ŭһֻĺȥ

Ȼرл屧˻

ֻʮֵظСȥǳԲݣߣʲôһ·˶ҵġ

ιΰ֮˲Ŀ̫ۣлԭͺĮϼҡ

һ뿪Ҳ뿪ϾҲϾǴ粽롣

͵͵߶ûãıӣֻŷҲҵл塣

лֻҪø߹ܼ׼һӣ˵˵ѺȰ˽ȥԹԵʱ

Ҳ֪ĻǱһ·ϵల£ŷʿһн˾

λڰлһߣԷʱŲ߿

ڶ죬лż飬ȥȻȥ̫ҽԺ

󽫾ǾеĴţһɾҽС̫ҽԭûԸܲסǱġ

̫ҽǵˣֻʼΣҽŮȴǼǣ緹ʱлΧ㡣

˵󽫾߰˳ߣף˼£ǲģ

⻰һʳһҽŮ㷴Ųǣ컹ڳŴ󽫾ˣ˵úǿΣССأ˼˰

ֲ£л壺˵

л壺
Ŵ𣬡˼£Ҳ˼˰һɡ

⻰ȷʵ˵Υģлˡ

ۼ⣺֪ˣ󽫾öȻÿȻʲô

л岻ò⣬Ժߣ죬λ̫飬Щ˼

һʵ˵󽫾ϲҽŮ𣿡
⻰һҽŮлĴ𰸡

ǧЩϢôǵģл֧֧ˣҡҲ̫

Ȼ˵ɣ

лһҡͷûҲǣ

ҲҽŮһøĵҪϲ϶󽫾ݲؽȥѽﻹ̫ҽԺأūģ񲻱ాҪǿöࣿ

ҽŮǱЦֻϧƲڱӪڣ󽫾һŲ۾

Ҫȥǡ

ҽŮûлʳʲô㶼鿪ˡ

ֻǸ󽫾иİ輧ҽŮĴţʵҽŮΪ˷ܡ

ټϷ뾩ãЮϣνǾΪֿȵĵ෹󣬼˶ķӡ

ʵ˷լλ˶䱦ӵĸΪС˷һʱӵʻŽͷһʱ

лصСĲҪл˯

СԴӸŷʿ飬㳯ССȥߣл崲Ѿˡ

л۾Щףǿ޹ˣ֪ԡ

ϸһ£СĹĵ˵㻵˵򻵻

Ϊ˷߹ֵܼµȫǴӱġ

Щ˴ԶȻһǰ̣뾩ôЩӶûл壬˸е磬ԼѺ˱˽

󽫾ھģԾл廹мɫ谮һصǣʲôûУοʵǳĺɫӻʵˣǿɲǹɫ㣬ǰлȥˡ

˵ҪˣСҪޡ

лĬһ£Сı

л֪ģСôΪСĵҲĵġ

󽫾Ǹܺúܺõˡл˵ġ

𣿡С˵ٲҲҪرȥˣھǴţǲҲҪȥ

ᣬڣкҪҪҪһҪ
лƽ滺ҲǣɤԶСõİ

С˯⻺Ϯ˸Ƿǣˡ

л忴С˯ŵüۣҲǡ

*

ڶлʳ˵ø߹ܼҴá

߹ܼ˰ͷ˽˳˭Ҫȥģֻ˵̲Ǯ
һʱ˼

һɸı˼׵ˡ

л壬ŷӴľ񣬷ʿζϲȥˣֻһСԡ

лһʣ֪ﾹ´͵Ĵ󽫾




75.  ʮ   ̫

СҲ֪, ˿αҪȥҷ档

ӲСӺӢԼԸ׵ȫ󣬼ְһСòСۿۡ, ˺С, ţСʵںѵֵסջ

л嵱Ͱסˡ

˵Ǳߵ¸ۡ, δסˣס, лҲСȥ

룬ֻðѷʿ˵, ꡶㲻š

СϲѽѾˡ

л壺
ô

, лæȣҼǴ, ǶŶǸ

ӹһɤ, ڸ߹ܼҵ߽˵ˣ꡶ӹŶ

ûкͿĴһ, Ǻͷʿһġ
÷ԼĻ˵, ǡһ꣬ͷ£øЩ벻˰ɡ

ʿڹеѧʿʱ, ϹΣͷҲʦͽ֮ݣΪԼ, ʿġ

лҲһݡ

лֳǾԶ֮ƴǣѰһݣ㲻ţǱʱҪġ
˵Żлգգۡ

л壺
ˡ

˷һգлŷʿһȥ硣

δִˣסڻʹڳǶլӣΪԺС·˻Ϊַ

ҷιֻǹ·̫ԡ
ύĽһЩ֮̾ͽڵľӡַĺơ߽ȣ塢һѰ

Ҳ̫Ƥ°ȵԭ

ϯҲм㣬֪ǲǷģǶڴ˼ҲԵмָ롣

лϯ˲ãиѾлȥ£л쵽һ䷿ǰһ񣬱¡

лЩƿš

Ųһ죬һֱֻ׽ס󣬰˽ȥ

л弸ǵڣһ˲ϣ˵һůĻ

ʵӵŴֻǰӵл忿ͷ볤̾˿

ӷӿ̾ˣֳ̾ҪЩӵķֱһ¾

塱ӱ°͸ľѣһ̾̾һڡ

л֣ס

ƽڼѵĶÿγ֣÷Ļŭţ̧ͷ°ϵ顣

лǰ̧ͷ

Ц
Щظƣӵɢ

칫͸һ磬ֻҪˣеȻһա

Ƭ̺ڿڴ˵ˡ
Ȼš˵·ʲôεĶţ뿿һ𣬼żϢϢ

ԺƢܺãǴģ˵ϵ÷˵ʲôĶȥ
̫ҽң¾λ̫ҽңһԺƼҲ
У̫ҽԺɲСҽŮǶҴúòá

лָ⣬ȥȫȻʶĶһ߶߶˵ΣһĿתش

ǵպüˣˮһǳ͸ɫĴֽɸһһģϤлϡ

л͸ȥִӼ͸˾һֻƿյð͸

á
а壬á

еãֻҪһۣȥڵɱ

лƽʱ˵ʱ˵ô࣬ɼĻϲԽԽϲ̲סأ

ţлһ㶡

֧ãô

ڱʿǴò࣬Զһ۷ż䣬˸ݣױһɱ֮

뾩֮ƺΪ˺һͰϻ˽

һɫۣͨԲ죬䣬ڽԽߴߣӨȻ֮ͨ˶󲻿ԡ

ؿлһĨΣҪٿڣлȻͷȥҴˡ

ţôˣ

лˣȷʵ˼˰

ӣ
ûֵ֪Լˡ

Ȼ˵л˻

һӲôô𣿡ӵ͵úܣһ־лߣлϵϢҲȣ͵ô

ȻĴлĶϡ

лĶУһͨ죬Ӷˣӵϡ

֪ҪʲôϲԽˣɴ۾

۾֮ǰһ˿ƺƳʲô⣬΢΢һ

Ȼ͸еӹԼʱ˦˷

ͬʱһӰһ̷ֱӡ

ֱ̧ۡ

ΪѾǾʧ룬һնֱۣȻһܸĺ

֪ǺȻһ죬⻮䣬ȴеذ׵ס

ЩҡУΪľǽա

ǾϵĴ̿ͣһ֣ܵˡ

һȣˣ

Ųй֮Ƿӵױ·ɽɴ죬Χ˸ˮйͨˡ

ֻһ˫۾¶⣬ʱ˫۾ӹһ˿Ҳֻһ˿ѡ
һ˲䣬Լ޷֮۾Ȼͻ𣬳֣˻ء

߸磡ƿŴ

ûӦȥҺ˵֡

æʰǰѽס˵ؿڣԷˡ

Ƕһ١Ѫ˵Ŀڽ˳ͼһģһ

ڴʱ洫·ɽ¹򣬴μ̫ӵ£

Ӻͷһ̫죬̫ɡ

һȫת˲֮䣬л廹ûзӦô£ϺȻһӽض㵽ȥ졣

˵ֱ̧꣬ҪԼϻһ

лȻӹذףڱϻһǣѪӿ

λѪ󣬵ֹܺܿס˿ڿȥǳˣʵȴû̫˺
ǳʺα˿ڡ

ץذ׵һЩҪһҺ÷ֵ̧סл塣

л廮ذӸӣһҲûϻֱӴڵ˴
ϹŽʣлεʵʵ

غõͬһ˲̫Ӵ̤ô£ֻ˵ʮһܹôȻд̿ͣ
˵̫ӷһһеľţߵô˳죬촫̫ҽ

*

ӵ˿Ⱦ˰䣬ʵʺֹܿסѪ

лܴܳ

ܳʮͣ˹ģҲǳȡ

̫һΣϲأǷ˼ֻܳ𣺡ʧѪ࣬˼󣬺ھμʱһǧҪϤĵֻºֻҪúãӦ޴󰭡

лڴ氵ͷ

̫ҽԺ˵ڹﵱ̫ҽ˵ı±ȿı»Ҫ

ҽߵҽ߲ܲ˵Ĳزأ̫ҽȵѧľһ˵ϻı¡

ʲôһҪ˵ģɣڡء͡ëëϸꡱ֮Уᴩ˵ǡϤĵ֡

лʱʾѧˡ

̫ӴԼҲ֡ʲô˵ֺʲôҲû˵ķϻֻ˺ϷӣֵߵڿŲöҪعЪϢʮһ

ӵعɡд̿һ֪ûС

߸˵ôأŲŲȥС£ССܷģСҲ֪ôд̿ͣСҲ֪ô°
󣬡СͰ̿͵£ôúòһ˵һҪΪ߸ҳף

⵹ʮһܲˡ̫ӵǱߣԻס

ǣ̫ӵ°Ų飬Ȼˡ

̫ӵֻģ֮ǰΪŹƣʮһȰЩӣû¾ͲҪٳˡ

ǡܴӽл̤ͣŰ벽

л˰գȻһʼҽʱĸоͷ͡

˵ÿһȴǵʲô˼
ô˵˵ȥʹƵģȥͦշģ
ֵôǵͷĿˣ

̫ˣֲ㣬ʮһܣĸϲɾ¼Ȼˣһɡˣʮһһѣûвʲôණ

лһ
һʿɵסѲ飬һ˿ô죿

׵úܣ̫Ҫûѹ

̫ӴӷѧһѵԶҪκһδƵֵܣʮӶʮʱϵˣרŻۣ⡣

Ҫӿ룬ͷһȴ֪޷һ䣬̫ӼϵֶζȻҪʱ;Ѽ츮ۡôˡ

˲ķӣȻסؿڣɫҰףϣֳʵڶãݳڴЪϢƬ̡

󽫾ڣȻ÷ӡ̫ӵˣҲǿаѷקߡֻԿο÷һ

·ɽæѷӷ˴

̫Ӵ뿪Ժܿ촫ɹ֮͡Сްϸ

·ɽɳţ˷š

ɡӵ

лȿ˿յķţȻһӣ⵽ô°

̧ķңЩ˵Ҳİˡ

ҾǾЩֵ֣ܺԵֵܲһ

ӺȻЦЦǿֵܣǿĳУܺöˡ

л廹ǲ󶮡
˫۾峺¶ģСޡ
ʮһͦõġ

ΪʮһûҪλ

л룬ʵأҪλ𣿡

ӵҪ򵹵ˣ벻룬λҵġ

лĬһ£̫ӣ

ԡ

лͷһãȻҲ˵ʲôζȨı˵̫ңԶ̫İˣǹףΪʲôһҪ̫أ

ӵֳţ壬ұ֪Щ֪ұ㡣˶٣ΪһСûܾ̫ܿ

̿ǰŶ֣̫Ӻű㵽ʱѡδҲ̫ˡ

̫ӵĸ壬ҡ

ǴһŷǰԹ󣬵˴뿪֮ʣҼǽϵ˵λ

˷ּϵȢϳŮΪޡ

̫ӵĸһĽϳŮ̫ӱûʲôŸɣǱŽҲɨƽе֣֮λ

֮겻˵Ϊһİ

յĴ̿ǽҰļҲǽҰһֱԷӳֵģ̫ӣԼ̫Ľҡ

ֵ̫ˣ֪̫ˡ
бŪдżҲ֪ôϸµ¡

ΨһĿܣǴʳġ

ڼֻϣҵĳǸһЩ󵱵ƣեȡϢлһ

лǳ뾩ǣʹ߻ʵԶıҲû˲֪ҵĴ

˵ʼֵܶǳеʱл廹ֻǾáôҪԸǽʱлȴЩˣȻȻΪʲôҪԽԶԽá

Ҫߡлѵõذһ£ܵһʱΪҽΡ

ѻ졣
ָµָ̫ˣ۶Ƶģһ¡

˵ġлü̫ҽԺѧҽΪ˸õؾˣȸˡȵһ

ӵֶסˣл壬Ҽң첻̫֪ô

͵òУૡ

ȻַסлĺԣĴѹԼ

򣬻ᱻ׵ġ




76.  ʮ    

ǵ˴ù, ˽գȫ»ѹһա

氦̾ͷ, ȴǿúܡ
߸ƽǷ, ԺԽǲңʱ߸õĲԽǿɹۡ

Щ߸ⷿ䱦ֻ¶ѳɽ˰ɣأ
ʼĥ

, ع

˵ºݺһ̫ӽ˻̲ʹһ˺ü, λƷ߳ȥҲǳ͢Ա, ˵⣬ضûС

һλ̲Ƿʿͬ꣬չ֮, ҷʿȾơ

ѲΪп̫Ӷ, 󽫾֮, ǳнеֵģ֪ҵģԭֻ밲ְַմ, зݲ, û뵽⵹֮֡

ʿҵ˵ͷԭ򡣡

æ̡

ʿ󽫾˵λֱ, һˮӭֱ˺һı˼, û뵽ΪλлˡڱҲ󽫾ҵ׾󽫾ҲǸúܰɡ

Ŷ΢΢⣬һֱΪ󽫾ս⣬ĳ

ԶڱȻ֪ЩʵµܳЩǻӵķӭСˡ

гǷƲߵǷʿ
ѡļλżͬ㣺ְȴδɽͷвŸɣȴǨֻڶˮ׼ǻ

ʡŵͷ̫ӵˣӺѺЩˣǷӵĿڡ

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̫ܽҽԺĶǼѧԨԴѧҽлڱѧ師ܲˡ
Ψһĺôǣ˻޾ÿæһ첻֪ȶˣ̫ҽԺһ쵽źȲ̫ҽһӾȵ˶ࡣ

ҽһĳ֢״̱估ĳ˻ѧ°빦٣ԺбȥЩŮ̫ķ纮С֢

η˻عæµı̫ҽ
ԺεĲ£ÿնȥ밲

л֪Ӧûд󰭣˵պ˿ڽϣԺȴÿλص̫ҽԺüͷ

л̲סȥӵĲ顣

ԺҡͷҪҽף󽫾ۣˣһʱҽζϸֻûôס

лΪԺд˶ġ

˵ͼϵܳҽ̧ͷ
ԺҲмȻ

л֪Լ˵©ˣæֲ󽫾ϼ˵ĽʿԺдκ˴󽫾ֻҪҽУ츣ǧʿԺд˷ģ潫ʿлԺдˡ

ڹȥˡ

⻰˵ԺкܳһЦл̫ҽԺվǳٹЩӣ㲻ô˵ˡ

⻰лס

̫ҽԺβ;β˵βַҩȴǧ

η纮ҽ᰾һҩñʿһƣ궥ཻʿȵˮ

̫ҽԺη纮Ҫ̺ȫŲһ飬ȻʳŵӵĺȫҪʣǿҩÿշҩҪҩģֱȬΪֹ

ھôΣҽȾˡ

л巢֣̫ҽǵְ𲢷ֻΪβĳλЩĳλͷٳЩĳλ뼡Щ̫ҽ

̫ҽԺ˸ɫҩ⣬ɫ衣
ԺеΪ֣عǶá

ԺǸ͵ϺˣҪ˼һ·ӵҽͱǴծˡ

лԸ°æ

ԺмǸȵˣɣĻ̸Լڰǰ˼

лͲʱӣҲ֪¼ãֻܰʹϡ

λڴߣֻҽŮִ˭ȥӻҩ

ǲҽŮ׻ϸģҶΧƵҽŮһȥˣǻһζûȥģջȥ̫Ե˰ɣ

ȥΣ󽫾ûһۣƼǣˣһΣһΣòã

һҽŮ󽫾ϲġ
ƶʱˣϲģѲϲģ

˭֪ҽŮҲƲ磬ۣ󽫾ϲŮƫϲҽŮ˵ϲòЩģһŮӵġ

˵˭Ůӣ

л壺
еƫ˽ǡ

л̫ҽܳ߹Щεƴ⣬Ժд˱赹ȥˣûʱͬȥ󽫾ҩ

Ǹӵӳ̫ҽһһΪ䣬ȱ©ҲǷ

ԺϺˣһɵúܣ̫ҽҲѧܳлûдȺҽŮԼҽ䣬ҩȥ

ԭǻʵ֮鷿Զӱڴ˴

ͨлܳڡ

żһѩɵСܵл£һ˫ںڹԲ۾ҡҡβ͡

úÿɰ

л̲ѹȥһĳ嶯

С¶С¶
ͯһСŮ˵Ļ˹

ϴʺ¶һֻƲӲӵĽȦȦ׹һűʯĳ׹ֱСؿϡ

ֻԲģסСĲӣ뱧ȴֻñССߡ

Сﰺлʮֲģȥ

깫
ܳͬʱлһۡ
лֻջͬߣ

깫
ǲǣӵã

СŮüĿ续úܣüر𣬵һܱȴǺһģһģͦͨ쳹أһűҲʮơ

ˡӵҴҲԣĲˣܵġ

űЦ˵Ϲսɱݽ棬Ӳǰӵĵصƣʵѵá

Ϊ˱˭Ըɱأһ̾Ϣ֮⣬㿴⺢ӣս˱ˣǵһˡ

ͨһƿӣлܳȥ

˿ɲ٣̡֡ŮڸԵ

йش󣬳̧ͷֱӣлǰֻɨһۣһͿ˷ӡ

ƾһ޴ĹֵڣƮҡ
мɢھӪжֹ
ԭŽͷ˵·Ϭһ㣬̧ͷͶлߡ

л崩̫ҽԺĹٷƷɫһڳ·һӱײ۵ף۾ͷһ

лԿ۾һæͷ

λԱߡ
׵ʮֻһ֧ⱦҡҡҷˣ۹֬ޣѮȻ˳

һλҪصö࣬һɫȹ°һ֦ҲֻþΣš

л忴ڣµҲڣֻλ֮䣬ֲ˭
սΪӦθЩλ

Ȼͼ깫˽˺߻С
Ȼ·ˣżصλǷӵĸһλǵ

лܳʱв֪Ϊʲôһ˿ңһ˿˵ĽţͻȻ䲻֪ý˫ַںδһеʮֽӲЩԼ°ڡ

ѾطССĵӴЩлű߲ȥ

С¶ең

С¶ֻԥؿ˿ɰлűߡ

Сһ⣬ҪޣС¶㲻ҵĻ

л尫¹һС¶ϲķӣ𣿡
ˮ˵ͣͣͷ˵

´βܹС¶ʲôڹԼһԣϲģС¶Ҳϲۻ߲ϲС¶Ҳòϲл˵΢΢ЦֻҪһֱС¶ϲ£С¶һͻĻ

ͷҲ֪ûУ¶һ˼úŬı顣

λ̫ҽ˵úǡ§Ž꣬ʩˣԹҲˡ

л壺Ů̫ҽټ

ãλиͷȵģҽŮˡ

ͷ˭˵أ˵ţȻл壬ʲô

л壺¹١¹ͷһЩЩš
ʵԭǣ׼¼
ﲻ֪ؾðһ䡰ϱš

ӴԼµõΪµõãֻϲԣʮƽؿڣλ̫ҽƵúܣǰǲ

л˵󽫾Ǵ󽫾ϷݵúȻ
˳Ļͷװ죺ش󽫾Ǵ˴δӱһϾģԭŮɽӪְ

ѹˡӵʲô֣

л壺
бҪݵôϸµĵز

ҪػȻ֮䣬ƼƳһۡ

л壺
òǹ˵ɣ

л彩ӲرѾ̣ԼҪˡ

л̫ҽӵɫʮ򶨣ֻһ˿˿Ц⣬ڰϣǱˡ

лһֱ飬ʱ㽫˽׵Ժר־

ƽȣֻͣܵ͵ࡣ
ֻԭ˰Էӵܣ˿ˡ

ûôȻʡ

ˡл࣬˵һԣܳǰ
˵óĽȫһһΪӵúý

̰ҩ

лĿڷӵֱϡ
뿴һ˿ڵôˣϲǻҩʱʱԺеÿգֲ

Ӻҩˣл岻֪ѰʲôڣԱ߲䲻ȵڵĹң˼ȫдˡԭΪЩҽŮͳû뵽̫ҽ

л壺
ֵĺ᲻

Ϳһл̫ҽӱھز죬ʾɣȻǼЩġ

ǰϲ˵ӣλݸߣжӰҲòһЩ˵ǡ

лֺ

걧СһͬؿŷӺҩ磬ҩɣ

΢΢һЦࡣ
Ҳ˭ġ

ҩ룬սˣĸչͶݣǲЩƤ֮˰ˣλعһҺˣȥĸ͵밲

ɵӣĸӣӦʲôģ

ɫÿ
ĸ׿ǷӦö˰ɣ

֮л˵ȫ˼գֻúʲôԣ˵ﲻԡ
ܳ

ܳһε񡪡ǵ飬װͶˡ

ĸ˼䣬ͬŵŽȥ

ܳҲѰ˵ĻᣬҪڣӺȻ˿ڲ֪ô£Щģͷλҿһ

á
뿪лѹ˴룬һӦ־˷ӵۡ

Ȼſܳе𾪡
ֱܳƴʾ

лŷӦԼ󣬵һشȷʽӦǡ¹
ڶӦܳ

쳶һ룬ϲ£֪Ǻá

ӵл֮ܳѲƬ̣΢΢۾
ЦѾɢԵɱ֮

üȥǸʲô

̧֣лֱ֣Լʵ˱䡣

ɱڵģл嶼ȻɴԵĶһߣרĲ쿴˿ڡ

ܳȴͷƤȻһ飬һ⡣
󽫾е¡




77.  ʮ   Ծ


лԥֻһ˲, ˿ǰҲҪš

ҩ飬ͺ, οµ˿δ, ΢΢졣

лüȻս, Ųҩζ

ܳץлṧǫ, ãֻЩӾҰ·, ҽ˵ʱὣƫ棬Щ浫Чķӡ
ι֮ʱ˴ţʱȴ˴ɡ

ֱӶ, ͻȻսѾǷ, Ҫġ

Ȼ, ֻбӲͦ˾ƽסϵ鶼סˣŻɱڵĴ󽫾ͻȻһֻͷ졣

ܳڰϵֻɲ֮սˡ

ˡܳ롣
սɳ, , Ҫɱˡ

лͻȻս϶еĵҷҩӵıǼ, Ƴܳסûְ̧л
ǿܳ˳ˡ

ܳĿֽŷ䣬ǹл飺л̫ҽ빬, ֮󽫾

лһĴս˿ڣϸϸҵĹзֱҩζųζһ

Ǹ¯ʯͶݡ

ùζҩһԼıӡ

ӵȴٳٲԭˡ

ھУҩԺ̫ҽԺ֮ףôִ᷸

ϲزס𾪣ֻ۾Բģغɫ쳣

ڱͺˡ
̲ס롣

û޴ڵĹˣûйǰܳûЩ£İôֻҪһ̧־ķ˿
԰ڻúñһ

̾˿ڵ

лŷӦϷһһʾҩ죬ϣԺУҪԺеҩ

ӵϷ̫ãϰĮǲãһλðλ߰ݵʮֱ棬лҲ֪յûС

ܳ첽ǰӴ˿ڣֱ˳⣬ųһл̫ҽĵʵ̫ˡ

ֲ㼶βֲлǳ̫ҽһֻʱҩܳҽӵܣ޽ã̫ҽԺ￴ҽŮã³֣ΪµĹﶼǰģ˸л壬浣˵ȴûǾΪˣֻá¼侹ȻŮӡ
˰֮ġ

ԭΪлǷӾ˶֪˵ʶ䣬л彫Ҳвٺô

û뵽ʵ䷴λֿȵĴ󽫾

ܳһ·߶ֹ

л磬Щȫûȥ֪ܳǺ⣬һ·ԹԵͷ

ӴĴȥлܳڹгϣ峺лϣļƺҪ£ͷģɿɰ

ֻԱǸ߶߶Ⱝۡ

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лֵͻؼҷʿ

˶ӣûʲô·ܺͷ˵ϻʿӦÿԡ

Ȼڶշʿ߱˷ӵһ飬顰޷֡
лһ֦𻨡

ֱ£л尲

ֻǽƵҲδתҽŮҩϲȥʱл廹ʴͷȻ¯ʯͶݡ

ǹ죬ʱֵҲй磬лԼµ˷Ϊʲô˵޷

հҪģﶼֵģ̫ҽԺҲ⡣

Ժʿ䣬£ܳл

ܳΪ̫ҽᣬȻҽ߳ǸԺеĺѡˡ
лΪǼ磬󹬹ǶҪϯŮ̫ҽıڴʱȻҪó

԰ٷУͷֳһ乬ңΪʱĵֵ̫֮ҽԷѧʿʱگ

Ҳüÿ˶ϯ棬Ƽһȱ
Ȼ˶׼ʱģֻһٱ˼˼һ

лžƱ룬ӽնƵĽˡ

л̫ҽʲôܳлԱߣǣҲһЦʲô°ɣ

лʶԼʧ̬ˣ΢΢Ȼ
ļ񣬱ȾĵĹŮǻҪһЩʱһ̺ӵ͸ھ¿ֱ޵˼㡣

ܳűӣһʱôסˡ

ʱһ̼˵赹˼֮岻ʣ̫ҽ

лóʱˡ

ҽ䣬һ˵赹ڱеҪԣлף赹иʧ˵̫ҽԲ˶ߡ

赹ѾϯЪڲԶķ
˹Ȼùɫ㣬һ¶ĵ⻪٣ݹˣһ˵ζ˵˱ԵͷתлΪŮҲ̲סۡ

ֻ赹˵ƽȣл忴ﲻԣʮֺգҪҪܳԺ

л̫ҽԼ̫˰ɣ赹ͷεòУ߶ôأ

赹˵һ֣Աߵһֻ̹ҿĺ񣬾ŵС𶧡

лδôʹͣĿɿڴ
˵εúãҪͣ˵ùȥûųӵͣ

˵л̫ҽǴӱģ赹ϣеذһֻ˿Сӣһ£һ£һɫҩлϤ裬֪ڱãܵõôӣ

лʵܵӡ

赹΢΢һЦ˰֡
Ҫлµ˼

л岻֪һ̽ô죬ģ˻ȥɣĹأߴܴͣǡ
Ϊѵ¹޹»

л̫ҽҪĻᣬû𣿡Цˣ赹Ǳļϵˣûʲô赹˸˵ģҲûʲô赹ġ

лڰʾЩʲô
ɾʲôȫҪ죬ֻž޶ʹл

̿ȥƲ¶ٸðѶպá

ŶŶлڻ԰ļɽ£ʼѽҽš
һһ룬ȥܳ⵽ʲô˼ɡ

Ȼͼһ𾪵ؿ

л壺
ʲô

ǿžȥĳ嶯ôɽȥŰɣϯδɢͲ˵Ĺ˻ôء

лװԺ󣬰Ѻۺãһ̣Ͽҵ̣ʹʲô˵𣿡

ԶԣҿʼԼˡ

лͿ̣ų˲ٵҽߣܾﲻԾ
û߳԰ͼǰ̲һˣԺиںͷ

ŵϴ¹ճͷŵڣҲճӢͦӣȻǷӡ

ֻߵŤŤƤҲ˿Ҳмɢңͷҡҡ׹ԵòƣƽȻĴ󽫾¥ݵ˵ӡ

ôȾأ
л弱æǰԺдˣ󽫾ǲǺˣҪ¹ٰæ

ˣ󽫾ҡԺпĿ⣬л̫ҽֻҪԼá

ѾѣͷһԣૣŲһû
˲ǰȥˡ

лＱòУȴ޼ƿʩֻýҹɫ뻨ľӳĸں棬Ȼͷǰѷ͵˷Ա߲ԶĹڡ

һʱԺб̳ͬԺһ̵˵ͷ̷

ɲǼлµô¡

Ҳܿ赹˾ͻȥǱߣƵĻӺ͵óĹͬһңʵ۷֮ȻǱס

е˽Իڿһʣ֤Ƿǿ赹ˡ

еȻԺС

˾͵̫ҽ

ĻᡪֻҪ֤赹߲ܵ·ȥҷӣôΨһĿܱǷӴĸ

лӴûôӵ£죬һ翪ˮڣѾԶǱܡ

ǰţлƵ󴰣ֻԹЩȫȻ죬һʱ֪һȲǷӴӣֻÿһȶһԡ

һԣһסһ㣬һ㣬ǧҪ赹֮ǰ

أǰһȴӴˡ
һӰ˳

ʮΪûľڣлһ۱˳Ƿӣ

̫ˣ
֪ӣû

лסһȥסӣֻûϣѩذ׾鵽лľߡ

ȻӲſл壬һиһЩٶˤ

лŷϵľᣬذմһѪ

˵ʱлӱİĵطߡ

ҡҡλΣϢΪȣҲʮּ٣գȥ

л֪޵ȴ֪ôߣ˷ӻܱһ˿ָ·

أһѰ

ȻлĽŲԶҰ˻ѵĹâ
Ѳߡ

λǽ֮䣬ֻһСƬط¹ղбС
ѲߵĴ̫ˣֻҪԷһ񣬱ܿˡ

ϻצһߴںڰвҪ̫ۡ

лֱ̧ȥӵ

һ㣬Ѿ٣ƣôһӲæһѰס֣ѯʼ澯桪ʲô

лָָĽָָ£ָָķļ١磬һ±Ʋ𣿵֮ǰѽ

ӿĶӺһƬܾ˼
ֻһ¡

֣ϸû
˺㣬

лֻˣҲٵˣֱĸǹ̵ˡ
žԾ

ôˣлÿʡ

ӵ񰵳ΣյĵزʹںڰУҲССĻȼա

ֻлգûлش

ѵĹâת۱յ˽ǰ

лЩߵöĿбӣԼҲȥˣûԸ

ʲôˣ
һȡ

лһӦ°һص




78.  ʮ   Ԯ



л˱Ȧڻ, µܲ͸磬ֻƼһ۵۷عԶЩ, ٴŴ󽫾ˡ

ӵĴϢ, ·ҪлĴлһ̽ȥ

лǵһͨףЩ, ͷתȴδסšȻԾ, ྐྵǱҩ

Ӱӡлػ֣һЩ

½Ĺâɹڷ, ӵһƬԝǽǻһЩ˶˶, Ȼڳһֻסذ׵пڡ

ʹ˶ݵ, еĿʱȥ, лȥ

лһһ濪ҽ䣬ҩۡ˺ɴȫսϸүȹ٣·, һǳɡ
ֻʱŷ治ֹһѪ, ֮ǰذϵѪôġ

ӵһƬĺ죬ջһ

лʱͷҩ׳ҩɱ, ʱ⣬ǳ¡

ֻȫѪҺ·𶼱ˣѪﱼͻ, Ҫ
һȴʼ죬ֿʼ

أлƽһȷڡ

ͷԻ֪ںδԼһõĹҡ࣬ܲסʵϲŭ޳һ˺ܿϻڳжڶ峿û

ȥȥӳ
ֻгǰȫģһ̫ӵ˶зӰѻʵ۵Ů͵ߡ

ˡлƽʵֱ˿ڿˮҽ䣬ҡҵð㡣

вС
ŵĺӷӵĶǻѾ߳һĺ飬ӱͷȥл壬ÿ࿴һ۶ʹһ֡

ƫƫлǸģ˵ɱɣ̧־

л壡ŭһ

ꡱл
˵žͰѷӵ

Ҫˣץסл˫磬ĵ˱ѪʹһԺ

ӼҧгݣҪ֣Ҿҩ

ôӲŲáлһ˿еĿ͹侲塣

ӣ
˸
ΪʲôҪȥץлļ磬ץлأ

ʱл˫ҵץס˷ӵҪл弫ƽֻ΢΢йһ˿ҡû㵱ҩֻǰ㣬ҪôԼҲУ˰ܻһ㡣

ӵҪԴ

㡢ģл御ԼһЩҽ߿ЩöˣֻһѣҡǰⶾŪͺˣ㡢һ㡣

졣
ⲻ֪ӵѾըһ̻ĵһ˲䣬ĿбϮȫ

Ⱳеȫյʱһ𣺡ȰҰ

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ʱȥͷϣһԱ̹ģ

л۵òУǿӽ⿪ӡ

ò˵ǸʮӢʮֽʵǱмɢҪǺЩǣֻס

ôһֻԱ˵Ĵè˹Լѣʡ

л˵ʲôġ

Դƫô죬ѵ᣿һ˿׽˵ǿôʲôܿģ

л壺
ү֮ܲܰǰǸҵĴ󽫾һ

ӼòУ̲סֿʼס§˻塱

һõ͵͵ֵģлĸһŲһһʱ򣬾ôġ

⡢⵽ô£лϽɫ˭µҩ̫𣿡

ȻһᣬǲΪ֮һ٣°͸лϲ˲䣺ǻʵ۱¡

ǸΪʡ
Ǹ˲ΪҲΪ

ҩھˮǾƹѲֱӴ¡

һССĺ衣

ϯϳ˽ڼҵķλ̫ĻӣԼн֧׶ڡ

ÿ˶õһݣȥʮɣһȻ¡

Ӳ֮ŷԾ

ȥ˭ţڹϴµģȻ׳ҩ

Ǽܿ˻ƵľƳ֣ӽžƾ뿪ʱ򣬻Ůļѱ˺ѲԼʵ۽ĴЦ

ףΪηԸڱ磬ҲҪŲع

Щûϸ˵֮󣬴л嵽˳

ս겻֪ԻʲôеӣڵչСûвμӽյļ硣

հѽ˯ţ˻ˣ֪ԡ
Ҫ֪ģѾҪҲǰּûĵ

ϰѹǴȥ

Ӽ仰ѽ˵ˣлһл̫ҽʩԮ֡

ֻ˵лΪҽΣȻû˵ҽΣ⡰Ԯ֡һЦſһл塪ɲԮô

лûö࣬һϹ֮ͻȻ̫ҽҪ¹ģһ۴ݼ

ϥǻδȥס˸첲
ӵ¹򾴲еǣôżʲô

л㶲֪˵ʲô˸ͨ졣

лʱѾע⵽Ӵлмֲͬ
ǰЩҽŮҩƤ̧һ£лȴǿ˺üۡ

ʱΪǶлǷӾԵʣԱ˿ЩҲ֮С

ʵǴһ

ӴСʱѵЦҲѵÿڣ߰Ѿһֳ߶⺢ȣȴ䣬ֻ½ҪԿֺ࣬á

ɴʱü۽ǽЦ⣬еĹʼѹ˵ڵ߱ƣԣ͸ͬһڴյµů

ĸףȴδЦᡣ

ɲǼ㻻һл壬Ǹпϲϧ

лԸоˣɸ졣

úӣúӡл֣úøұز㡣

лֻһһͷ㷢Լ϶˸ӯӯӡ
ӣ·лͷϴ֮Ǻ޲ðȫĺöȫл塣

лֳȫȻ޲ߣ۰Ͱ͵ȡ

ĸ岻ϲЩлһ㡣

΢΢Ȼϲʲô

ӵ˰С¶һˡϲǸ

ھ÷ӱ֣ȻӴСûֹʱͼлæ֣òãˣ˯ɡ


İ

ӽڳ
⵱ȻǲϹصģӺȶ˾ƣΪãԺ˳ȻͰչˡ

л׼ؼҵ·ϣɳȥ̫ҽ̣̼ææСӣСʩһ룬Ȼűͳȥ

ǰԲˡ

ֻ԰볯ԶмٷҪ̫ҽȻȵٷ뵽Ķܳл塣

л˼ڤҲ֪ʲôɡ

ӽ˵ⱲӴûмôӣ¶ˣһֻؼ

л˵ͷ
жЩӴɣƶôӣһӦȷʵ͵͵غá

ڶ⻰ó
̫ҽԺԺблȥˡ

лűõݴˣȷʵɳĹ͵ſڵģعŵ֤

뵽ʱȻһ˿ֻǻûüץסͷԺС

λ̿ɲѰС̫࣬ǻʵߵܹ̫࣬͢깫

ԺмæӭȻӻл¡

صԼλϣܳҲҹȥ
ֻԺǳ飬ܳºͣԵĵǡ

лܵĹУ΢΢Цһް

ܳһڹﵱǧҪСССģв̤һЩ˭ҲܵֻһָףǵԴܱܿҪء

δ˵꣬ԺкȻȥüϡ

ʮֽɹҩİҩҩѾҩȥ·ģ˻̫ҽԺվ飬ͷüãȫһá

̫ҽԺΪְҵԵʣһ»صĴ£˶㷲㿴ңҿ㣬ָܴ˭ϿһߣһԺС

ƫƫԺޱ顣

깫ɤӣ¶һЦݡ

ЦһѾᵽɤӿڵȷһ롣

ģմ󽫾ƣ̫ҽԺ˷̵ġһ֪󽫾ƽңͿ๦ߣ۵òˣȻλҷ˴󽫾Ȼ͡ƫƫ󽫾ȻûסñҪͶҲˡ
깫˵ţһˣЦе֪ҹ˭˴󹦣ۼʥȥɣ

лɫʱÿ
ҹǧ㣬;

ӵʱڵʵʵô֪̫ҽԺģ

һﻹûˡҽ䡣

ڵסҽȴûס

ȻͿ̫ܳҽɫҲе֡

ŶΪʲôҲһ
Ѳ֮õĿܶǵˣ
˼ȫ

϶ʱЩ˻ǻཻߣǶＸ䣬Ǻɵع۲Χˣûһվ


лվȵ۹۱ǱǹģҲ׼Ųһ

깫ͷ˵˺ЩǱǳڹذ֮ģϾ󽫾檶ûУ˼󽫾˷֮ʵһԳȫ֡

⻰󲿷ǰŰɵġ
ԭʵĴѹˣõĽڲ˲ɣһС

깫ͷĥƤӣԺҲ˺üǻһ

깫ˣۼϴʥԼվģʹͣĸǵۼ˲Ǳ۾֮˵ˣԴģ

лͷһ
óô

һɤū澡

л̧ͷ˳˵ȥͼһҽŮǰ깫һӵصū澵СĪ֡

ǸһϷӵҽŮơ




79.  ʮ   ܹµ

깫뿪ˡ
̫ҽԺֱը˹

ʵɫ, ʹ棬ǹŮҽŮʱпܷ֦ͷ, , ʹŮӵɶΪûʲô˸ҹܡ˭֪һͳͷϵأ

̫ҽԺҲˡ
̫ҽһææ, ҽŮǵΪС

ҽŮʾõʱԺ, л½̫ҽһֻ۱һֻ, ûе¡
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼˡ
ҽŮĽߴߴ˵ͣ

лⲻڶ衣
һ²ͣ, ȴмֻ㱡

û뵽
ԭΪŲվ깫޹
ٲȻ뷨ҷ, 깫Ҫ, Ҳһзס

Ȼƶȥˡ
ôأ
ǾŷӲǵãԾգ©
ôĵӣ¶·

·ӼҪ, һȥ, Ϊף˵Ļơ
ǻʵĻƴ͸

ˣõ廨һǮһҩܳȻ, жˡ

лæع

Ͻϸ壬Ʒɢ𾻵, մ֦ͷµĴ¶õ塣
һãл۾ԼһƬƵġ

˰õһֻһֻսܳЦÿԺҩ裬ȥ֮Ҫĸ߶ҪҽԺãҪ̻֮ءԩҡ

˵ЦʰԼζлȫûĽյЦίʵŨЩ

ֻܳõǶϲô裬񣬻
ȻĬĬһ䡪л̫ҽ㵹òҩ

лҩĶס
Ȼҹ赹˰裬ƺû

˵ʱ͹赹ǰζŨҳ̶ȣûŲ

̫ҽŵþˣζ᲻͵ˣ

ô᣿ʺﻹ˵㲻գǷҲǺʹģζòɢܳЦ˵ҩҪҲû˻һֱ

л˵Ҳǡ
赹ܳӣ赱Ȼʵġ

Ϊʲôûζأ

ѵ費ɣ

̫ҽûв裿

л˵ģ棬һ˫ӺۻԲܳԸʲô̸Ǳ㲻ˡʵ㿴ҩõ廨Ѫȥȥף㼡ԲҲԴ

лͷˡ

ֵصլͼĴ󽫾н깤ֻΪɣԺǽֱӸǵˣֱ˷լǽڡ

߹ܼǽ˵ţʱשʱϷ죬ܳ롣

߹ܼοصºˣԺͷˡ

Ȼûӱӹа˳ס˴󽫾

֮ձƣҹЪлڴϻõǱߴ

Ҳϯ

лںڰпʶ롣

ʵʵѾ͹ˣ˵ҲڸС
ֻ˵ѣоʮãʵƵġ

ƾͲͬˡ
ƵģƵ֪ƶԷӵǺ־ڱصʵʵڵˣʵʵڵĸо

оĿﱻ˭ץ˰Ѳϲϣ²£Ҳ˵϶ܣǶµúܲ

˸˯š

أſǰĺȻ̧ͷ﷢ءһͺ
ſںϵİԵ˸ƣվž޴ë׵̺˯

⼸λڣǰǺ£ûҹϰߡ
ֻҪл壬Ҳ뿪֮أ˭Ҳϲ
ԵǷֺһƤë׳ĻҪʮ׳Ӵʧˡ

лҲ
һʲô
ôһˡ

֨ѽһűƿ˽

һӾͳȥ
˯İԵڵϣèˡ

Ҫ
л弱æϵƣͼһںͷѺԭأֻǰצӣԹޡ

ŸʲôӵңֱҪˣ

л嵹Ҳûȥֻǹȥһ·ӵĸ첲ʾԼˣˡ
Ȼûú⣬أԶŷӣ﷢вĵͺ

ԩ
л̾˿Ҫȥ§ӣӺȻ΢΢һЦ

ӽп֮ϲñȹһջҪ¡Щͷ͵֣շǵ˴ʱҹ޽Ȼһ˿ңǱ㵶óġ

ϵ۷Ǳýߴ壬ÿһ嶼ڵ±óͬĹâ

ҪƴλС̯ھͺˡ
л̲ס롣

Ϳ̳ÿģվͲȥǶˡ

ʧĵڣлֻת

л壺

ôһ㰲ˡѷİԵһ򣬼ſ½˯

л£˿ɣôڻ鲻Խؿʼţ˫ֽԼ죬㡢ǲǺȾˣ

ӿЦЦ¡

л壺
ͷ

ںķӲûʲô͵ϣǺñӡ

л尵һ˵ò

Ȼͼѥӣˡ

л壺

ӡл͵͵ģ㲻˯

ꡱӵ㲻˵û֪

֪֪лˣղ˵ʲôţòˣʲô

űӹǲУȥ

Ҳȥӱ۾ڳЩ࣬˯ģǱ߾һˣ̫µˡ

л屾׼һ˵ǣֻҪû²֪ǵðŪȥ

仰һлʱͳĬˡ

ĬĬȡһӲͷԼ۾жʾšҪ˯˯Ϩơ

û뵽˳¹µлˡ
΢΢ԁXʰϲŨŨᡣ

İ尡

л۾ҲܸоƵߣ˯˯˯ء

˵ơ

лںڰµĶ۾رţε߬űӣһĽŵҪĳ
룺л尡л壬ɵôǸˣҽŮµʲôµ

ûˣҽŮҲûˡ 

лشŷԼȻʳ˿ڣһʲôƲȥ

ǰ㣬ˡ

л˼һ²˭ʱ˴͡

ˣ֮Ī֮ŮĪӵ˵ֻȾҽŮǳ޶ϱҪҪҲڻ¡

˵ֻһ仰ǵ˺Щ֮лŴ̫ҽԺҽŮǵİ֪ȫࡪ

ŮɫģԻʵۺܺϵʲôˣһƣмɫԼûҽŮˡ

֮ų֡Ǵ֮

ԭΪԼðҪҴֻҪͷ

ʵֻһЦ˵󽫾УԭΪԣԭģ

Ͱԭȴµļλ˻ȥ
ԼǾ÷ӵġСܺ͵ȼݵйأʵ۵ĵһ˿ϧ֮⣬һѵĽ鱦Ŷֻοӡ

ʥּи߷ӡӢ۲ؾСŮ֮顱÷ΪߣӵĶ飬ȫ°սԻա

ʥּʹͱǽտ֮ʱʹģǵ˵˷ӵĲ֢֮

ʱл廹֪ԼǸԴͷֻ˷ĵĮֵĮʹʧ

ȻľòС
һֻ֣ḧ˸ӵա

ֻһջأӵְֱָԼϣϰˡû¡
ֵЩ˾ڣ˵ҲҾûʲôǰѡ
˵ţս͵͵ľڶߣû㣬Ǻܹµ

лһ㣬͵ذֳ˻ѱ߬øЩͷҲʼܣ㡢㲻Ҫô˯ȥһ㡣

Ҳһ˵һյøЩűӰл§˻ЩǵǽҲǰô

лһԵ󽫾ףһʱĿɿڴһ˫ںڰˮ£ɼ

һЦȥ

Ĵ۾ϣȻǱǼ⣬ڴϡ

ʮᣬһֻһ仨˱ͷĻۡ

л屻ǵûֱɿĴŷһ⡪Ĵɾûһ˿

㡢ûȾƣ

˾ƻܣǾͲ֪ʲôˡ
ӵḧлգָָ¼廬ӼŰһѹϵҲѹͷӿĳȣģҪõĶҹ֮ǰ

лһѾˡ

һЦƵģɵ壬ҿǲ֪ʲôɣ

лòУһƬڰ˭Ҳ˭

ôȥеΣˣлΪӲɤӣջҪǡ

˯ֻںȻ÷ӵһȻ˸춯硣

л壺


һֵģ˴󽫾è




80.  ʮ   ҪСʱϵ


ӻصԼۡʱ, ·ɽڻ԰
۾߸һ·ڴ硣

·ɽ̲ס, Ǻοֻèôл¡ϲ, á

û˵㰤һţӵ, ϲһˣȻϣܸϲĶ, зϲĶ˵ĵҹȥ˯

·ɽϰ뾰һ, ֻϧίʵûйֻܹ֮ǱڳܣҪӡ

ոд, ·ɽɺϷȵö٣ڸС
Ǻõͬһӵ, ֽϷ˼Ҿ, ȻǷ˶᷿˯мһСС԰

·ɽ˯һ룬ͱ˳ˡ
ȷе˵Ǳ֪Ŀˡ

֪ⲻ֪ҪϷʲô, ϷûӦ, ֪һ޿һ֣쳣·ɽŶ䶼С

ϯ, ҲŰ֪ˡ
ŮڷԼֳֻ֣һǰ壬һˡ˳ʲôģһŲ, Ƽ֪ʱҲЩԾ

֪ȻòҲЦ⣬ֻЦݺԶҲ۾һǱ鶳סƵģЦٻҲڷ䡣
ƵмëȻ

Ů˲ԾһֱϷ߿²ʲô¡
վ˵ҵĻϷͻرӵ

·ɽɺһӸﲻϷϾκһŰ֪⣬Ϸë࣬·ɽʵȥùͷ

ȻڶһӾͲӰ

ãˬţʿŮǡ
л¶ˡ

ʿСлèèǳ

ЩӿǱﻵˣúˣƽʱֻڸڻ԰ۉòܳǣлȻҪȥ

ʱ޴һҲ֪Լռ˶λãһѧŰԵӰԴлϥϡ

лӵұһʱҲʮ⡣

ߣ۵ĺ۾ԲıǼ鶯£֪ŵʲôζ

峿ǳſΪæµӵʱ򣬳һƬӣֻһĳ

Ҫ죬лۼֿ죬һѺ˺죬Ѻһ˺

ͷȻһƬ𶯵죬źӵĿ޽УȥһƬҡ

лƿһǣͼһӳ
ǵķ죬һͲԭˣĶֲǻ

ֵ빱ʹšʿԼ˵ҳҪ뱱ҿ·£ҲһñҪࡣ

лͷעԱߵİһȫڶǰֻ޴
ǶǾ֣лȴ졣

һ񲼵ģ֪Ϊαצ˺¶ͷһֻȻޣȻҲһͷĮǡ

ԭ㻹ͬడл૵

ԴлԱߣҲȥһ֡
лֻ˫޴ۿʪˡ

ͷĮǲ֪ᵽ˺ϢǴӳķ϶￴˺쳤𣬼ҪӲˡ

һǣһǣ߲нԶ

˳ԶԶͿ׷ڲݵۉ

սɫݵط·Ҳ˽ƵɫӳЦ

ȱл˵ţȰǷȻڳڻ˼ѣȷûаԵµĺۼƿ

Ѿţһֱ̧㽫

ʿСԶһЩҲȥл廹̲סһ죺˻ûȫ

ӷֱ֮Ӱ°ƣл̫ҽ鵤ҩôûȫ
˿ڱͲأҩ֮󣬴ʱֻʣһۡ

ԼýճţΪȥϼҡ

лصػϵװͷҲӷ٣ɷӰģΪıǱ˶Ŀ

ϼ˵زԶ׷Ǻһ·㼲ܿһƬССĴ䣬濿ɽµıϼҵԺӡ

ɽȥˣֻ֡

뿪Զ֮ʱǸ꣬ʱȴøֻüĿϡƣǷӿڻһ䡰ϡ

һ꣬ʮָпæ˽ȥһæŴ֡

ʮͣͷ˴ƬüĿǴ顣
ֻǳʱһֱԱָȥл֪񲻺á

ֽ߬ŷӵ֣˾ͺã˾ͺСأôûһ
Ҳŷӡ

Ӵδܹ˳صߣСڱˣҲġ

ֺԵʧ

л̲ס̺ģһСؼҵġ

ҪҪסл֣۾ܲһˣ

лæ˵ԣֲҲʲôˡ

󽫾еŮӣѵǹˣ
˵ţḧллͷЦеµ۹ߵúܣȻûƼҲ֪Ǹ˲õĺù

Ա߿л壬΢΢ЦֿˣǼ׼ġ

л壺
⵽ǿԿ䣿

лֵ۾ƺȫä֪ͽԽԽԲŸϹҵġ
ͷ껹ģģܿŵӰζǳֻʣһʵӰˡ

лϣ֮ɫ̨Ҫᵽϣý벦֮Ρ

ֻ뷨ѧû㵽ңдȥաǧҪķЩԡ

ͣûԣôߣ
ҲֵϹҲֹһգһ¡

л£ֱ˵𣬲ͣҪ

лԵ͵úܣҽͷȴ˵һº̬ͣȼַãֻùԹˡ

ҡηԺ£ǿССһãѾøߴ׳ֻҶˣֻʣͺྻ֦⣬ָͬྻεա

ʱڴ̵Ҷ֦⣬֦ͷ֦ССӰժ棬ʱԼС

յ÷ӵ۾һƬʹ

µлఴܣ˳˿˿˿ֵİ׷ӳȤ

Ա߿ţһ̷·𿴵ʱĺδʵ꣬ĹȥڣԼδ

л̧ͷ㷢ַһֱ̲סͷ˿Լ֪ʲôԡ

ջߣң΢΢¶һ˿Цݡ

ǲ֪жġ

ֻôеʹź

*

ϼùһ;ΥĴֲ˵Ӵлɽһ·ǰˤӣﱻ֡

ȥѾƽˣǸȴһֱڿӵףȡ

л֪һֱǷӷŲµһ׮£ӻؾһ𣬷ӱһֱڲ١

˵뾩ͷһ죬빬Ӵһš
ǷУ˾Ӫ

빬֮£빬ǸǼٵģ
շ֮ǰǰòϸѯʵĽӦǰߡ

ƭѵһףƭδʱףƭϦദˡ

˼ϣаһ֣ᷢҼǵá

ʵļûа㲻ԡ

£˵˵űͣһĬ

ɽߣվɽԶһƬΰһƬơ
лʵʲôطġ

긣¡ûʲôصҵǱӵġ

׮лȻ֮䣬ÿ
ǶصĴ󽫾С֮غ񴦴ʹۻʲô⣬˿ڡ

ȻҲԹһͷɻͯʱ⣬ȫǸϼ顢ϷǺ«֮ĶյĿζ

лӺ汧ס˷ӡ

ģȥһ˲ӵıԽ˽еˣ壬ûи߹㣬ŮӲ㱧ˣ

ͱлֱ§ı۾ͷͷ޽޽ǣһ֪ˡĥĸֵ˼
ģģº͵һ磺ӣҪСʱϵͺˡ

ץס֣ק˻

лͷıϣײûɿˮһһɣһ۽ǡ

ᴵͷҶɳɳ죬ӭƮ֦ͷƻ꣬ƺӯӯش䡣

۾ˣҲἫˡ˾һ䵽Ĺӣɢ˵㡣

ȥΪˡ

ûиԼͷܣͷ

ˮҶ꣬üƬҶӸ˵ķϣϡ

һӲɿ˶΢΢˵㴭Ϣ

лεһ˿򡪡Ŷԭѹ׺Ǹķӡ

ӿʣҪСʱϵң

Ҿʹȥ飬ȥǺ«

һЦձһЦƣ˭ϡ
˵꣬л۾ǰЩʶͺˡ

˵ˣһӹһ˿
л

Ӹȥֻƥź긣¼ȥ

лһ
ûãǳġ

ֻǵһ˺ͦ졣

ԺСл૵ʲôҽ䡱

áҽ䡱֣ĿȻһ漴˺긣µϡ




81.  ʮһ   

긣ǻʼԺ, Ժţɮڶࡣ
εĸɮҲѡڴ˵عҵ

ʿǴ壬ͨ, ˵һλɮǹʽ, лСǰ

ɮ˵ڽ, лСȻʮ, һ¡

лǲġ
̸۷ʱлһĶ⡣

Ǻ긣µĺԺ, һʱһż߳

л忴ĿתһȷȻԺС
û

Ժ̫ҽԺ֮, ˸ӣ˭ͶĴ, ר긣һˣ
Ϊɵ, ԺϴľȻ̵ɫԲͨ۷ֻϱŵҽ䣬ȫȻ̫ࡣ

йסôʿ״ʡ
ɮҲ˴һˣޡ˵ʺڴǰµ˳, ÿһӱǮ

ۿɫ, ٻȥŴԼҲҪˣ˱ޡ
ɮóգ³һزˡ

л, ҲԸ£³һˡ
ȻֻǻӣĿȥ

ڴ, ɹȫɮáл˲ˮﶼ˵ҩۡ

ҩ޶аߵĹЧ
һ긣¸ⰲеɮ˶˯رڷõֵҹɳֶſ˯ˡ

ҹʱ򣬴ϡơһ죬һ̴ٵ·˴ϡ

лڴϣû˯һ˴

Ƿӣͷţһɫ̴Գ޳ݵΣֻ¶һ˫۾

лʳηɿ˵ˣ׼·ӵҴںδͺá

ǹ⵭ҹɫУ£ܺ󣬽ӰӰ´£ȫǷӴױ

鵱²ǰ㣬һȻɭϣлǸȥ˵ۣԹԵͷ

ֻڷת뿪֮ʣ̲ס죬ʶһ
ż䣬ƽǰ㴩䣬һ˸ա

ҲûĬĬջ֡

ȴǸоʲôعŴӣ̽ڣһ¡
һ

һգӵӰת˲ʧҹɫУ籪һӯݡ

л˵ӻʮʱ򣬱ֻһ֧СӣҹǱоӪɱ˵з졣
ǴҹϮ˺ۣڡ

Ŀз·̴ζлһ˫ֺʲ
ӣҪˡ

֪ǲĳ飬ֻûܱܿЩˮӰ죬ӻñлҪ졣

ᱧһˣ¹ϣƺתһͷȴҲֻǼ΢ػһΡ



л־ϲ
Ժ̫ӵˣֻ̫ӲʹΪ˿ֿ˲ͷ¶βȻǸ˼Ҫּù⡣
ӵ϶

ǼΪʲô֪ôܣǰѺڷµİУþһĥ˵ֶΣһһեҪĶԴԴϵزϢ

Ⱦӵƣ¶۾һˮ⣬壬һҪȾ

һᡣлסƽӵ˶ס

Ǿ뿪̫Ӻ޷̫߳Զ

лѸüͷ

ԺеҽôĶˣõҩҲɼ̫һŵơ

̫ˡ
һǧٿ׵ѣô첹ԶһҪɢܡ

ٺͼһޣǳлȴѾʶܾáֻѾΣ۾ذݣ

Ӹ硱̧۵ûУ򸡣

̸ȥӸڡ

ΰɡƺЦһ£е΢΢ǣһǣһֱҪټһͺ㡱

ȻΡӵ΢΢֣۲ۣǲԹôǲ֪۵ġ

ǵġ͵͵Ҳ۵ġ

ɲǼʹʡ

Ӹ磬ҰܲҺööǵʲôǲǺ㣿

ûСҡͷʣ㿴Һõúܣһ㡣

ǾͺáһһֱͷۿɼطˣȥҾܰˡ

С󣡡һץס

ƭģлߣ¼ðݣߴ꣬ҪòײŻΪǸ˱һݹͣ㲻ҳףôܰģ

Ƥ̧ӣĿΡ

Сʱ۷ʲôǸСԶԼ

ȺȵˮлὫһ㡣
һʱѾŨŨģһؽྻˣʣʱȫó

һ㣬һһȡ

˱һڣ·ľȫһѡ

лŵڴ˵̫ӣһҪӸӸھǣģɲ㰲ĵʱӸұۣȥһ

ӱҰݼţʱһĨ΢⡣
ҪѲˣưܵȴܲһ˿

ڴ£֣Сҽȥɽˡ
Ҳ𲻴𣬽ŵɽǿ˲ӣˣǾȥӰɡֻԺòãһŹҲûᣬҶӶˡ˵Ҫ˵գ˵ϲ棬껹ҪһҲͽˣȥܳ档

С󣬹ԣҩˡḧͷСʱˣһȥ̫ӣȻһؼңȥժ档

ͽӷӺϷһֻ֣ȥЩķ˪ӱ˵ССꡣ

ǸԣҩˣȻȥɽͲˡ
СǸæ룺ҺҺȣ˵㻰

*

ʱҽѵĵطҽġ
ֻҪﻹȥھ

Ĳ˻˯ȥлڼѨʩ룬Ѫ

ϸµĵ

ͻϼҲܣؽ˶ӣлҪҪڷңҡͷҹУ̫ӵĶɣض˶ǣҪСģмǲɶһ

ѡ˷и

иУǵſȸŷ춼Ҫˡ
ҷھվãһεĶĿϢ㣬ֶԲӦ⡣

Ȼܿ÷ӺлʶԼֶΡ

ǸһҺɫϣٸüëͿ֬

˵󱾾㳤࣬˿ݵñŮӶҪᣬôһ磬мҼζ

ǿʵ˵úˣΪ棬϶

󣺡ҲҪ
鼸ȥЩ

ӦǱġ
лĬĬ롣

ôįôһλӣӵĳ輧ˣȻкҽҩźţһе޴ˡ

ȥҽ˵ʱ򣬰ȫˣʬ嶼һߣ˸ʬ𼣡
ɳͷʱŷѾտյȻΪԼˡ

̫յϢ֮ʮŭץŰѱԭǨŭڷʿͷϣһ޸֮һСӣһŮӣôҲзӽˡ

л⼸ֵֵʱģȷʵ˸ԼʮְͰ࣬ջҪЩһᡰ˵ķû㲻ǡ

лһ̫ҽԺ󣬺ʮ֡

ҽŮͥԺһأͥһӣѾ˻޷Σͷ䣬ϣеصЬƽģ²ɣʱͽ˵ҡ

ǰҽŮæȥūɾ

ӸɾôƵЬһææһҩҲֻһͷǿɾˡ

ҽŮɫһף޿κΣֻøȥƵЬ⣬һһᡣ

ƵôôԸ

ҽŮЬū澵ĸݡ

Ŷ۽üȫǵ⣬Ѿɵֻ£ұǻʵҲûǸˡ

ҽŮǵոִһλưһ裬ԺйϵĽУڼݻع

л崹ͷ͡
ƮŨõѰ衣

ⲻƵһҽŮǵ鷳ʵ۵ĺڶ࣬վȽŸףԼҲ˲ĥһʹҪ

ҽŮǰҽȥķ򣬵͵͵ߣôҲΪɵ˶ܳԵô

νɵʵǽط֪һִҪ
֪ϲĵĹƷǸʽĴҪˡ

ʵ½һɵҩǬ裬ʱʳһ裬˵Եͬӹ֮
ûԵܲɵҩ档

лƼ֮ʱףɫ˵ţ۸۸ٺݣҲû취еĿֻš

Ƶвɵջ󡪡Եֱӽ⵽λһӰŮǺٻòһӶܸżȮ졣

ϲѽн

˵һܡ

֮͵貢ֻǵա
˵ڷɵ֮ʣͬʱһ裬Ȼ




82.  ʮ   Ҳϲ

лÿһ, ͷҪɻһ¡
裬ǣֻŹ, Ǵˣ

ϧûܻش

ƲÿնпҾͬǵ鷳, һȥҽŮǶҽԻ졣

̫ҽҲ˿, ̫ҽԺ徲һˡ

ֻǵڶƱˡ

ߵĹ˼ææ޿䣺Ժд˾Ҽɵ, 첻ˣ

Ժ̾˿Ը̫ҽ, л̫ҽһ˰ɡ

ܳл

лŮķ㣬Ǵٲֲֻԡ
һλڵϦ, ԺкܳȥûаţܳĲ, 򶨡

л̲סʵ˵첻𣿡
ǲ߿ͥأ

Ժ֪, ȥҲֻ߸ܳ΢΢̾ϢŹˣѻ˵͸ֻܵ, Ե, ֱֻһ

ƣлܳĻ

ڴϣǶ, ֻдҵѪܹĿ
½ԼˣϱԼӳһѪ, ѾʼָǶԼѪ⡣

۾üѪһֱӿڱӿ۾ֱֱؿл壬졣

л̽Ƶţû࣬ҽ˵

ܳѾòˡ

ҩжô棬ܹ벻ˮɰ

Щ·ڽйһҵɱջһ۵½һҹ֮ǱȫѪҺ˲ˣ

ҡƵֺȻץסл֣ԵԵС

һڷθûֱͦͦҪ壬Ƿһ죬Ȼɿ֡

Դϣ۾أôģٲһ⡣

ܳ̽࣬ȥˡ

ǹһƬʹޡ

̫ҽĵȷʵֻһµҩһ̣Ѿעˡ

뿪֮ܳлɫǲ԰ףǴӾģսϻûм𣿡

лҡҡͷͷ˿Ӳ𣬡ǲһսϵûӣеǰǹȴԼ

ɵʵǱɵ۰֮٣Լġ

ǵΪʲô˻ȴû£лȻ̧ͷǲǿһЩҩȴް

л̫ҽܳһºͣ˿̵ȴʮ̫࣬ҽһҪ֪ģΩǴӡģ߾ȫҲҪɣûģǱһָͷã붼Ҫ롣

лһ£Ŷ

ܳ̾˿̫ҽҽͬҽ뾡취ס˵̫ҽҪסԼ

ΪһԳֻ֣δ˵ڣ˵һѾͷΡ

лȻףصлл̫ҽ֪ˡ

ܳͷҪ˵һС̫һ񣬿ڵл̫ҽ롣

лæܳС̫ˡ
߳һԼòԡ

ȥķ

ȻһִֻһѰл˼ɽ

лһδڣͱס죬˱˻

ôһϤϢʱ˳ӵظ˼ɽ

ͷЩϡŵҰ׵ɫɽһƬİӵڰԡ

ڷɿֵʱл˽˷ӵĻס˷ӵ
˫ֻס§ڻ

һʵʵ겻͸
лúůķȫ棬ͷǿһһ㻯ˡ

С̫𣿡лʡ

š

֪Ҹ㡱

Ӵĸˡ

лŷ
⴦ɽȻƫƧҲѱлûǽЩΪϣҪӷӵĻȴժĹñ°ԴԼǰ°ͷ΢΢Ħ涡

л壺˵Ҫװôһ֪ô죿

ӵͳúܣȲװ

װͲװɣðվðհ
л峤һԼĻůˮС
ϴûʲôطȸˡ

ǲǱˣʣʮᡣ

֪ƹ˵ˣ

ʲô֪ӵΪɵֶֻ

֪֪Ϊʲôл󣬡ΪʲôЩ£Щû£бҲһֱڳԣ˵ԵˣȴȫȻ¡
ѵҩֵóԵ֮壿

ڲ顣
Ӹл壬Ϲɵ֪ݣǽլڵء

Էӻɴʱ̫йأֻǻɡ

ʺǽҳŮλ̩ɽƾ˱ûһսʺķ󹬱Ͱһ㣬˺Ѳý֣Ҳһ˿֤ݡ

ͣҲôҲֻ͵飬ǿԱѣҲĸǣУǾٲά裬ֻЩ֡

л峤̾˿Ƕ֪˿ܻûΪʲôҪԣ

Ϊ˳û£ǶԼǸûµˡӵʹǸֵĵطֻҪһͻᱻȨͷԣʲôԵȫ׵ԺֻʣٻȨ졣

лóĵĮԼøһЩҲϲʹ

ӣҲϲ

ӽ빬ǻʵίɸһ£ɽӪѵһ±

ʵ۵ԭǣ˵̫ƽþˣɽӪЩԺ֣ܲӣȥ޲Ĵ󳯵ϱǶ޵ˡ

ǲͨл嶼òˡ

뱱ҵͨ˻δֹһţ´½չӱ㱻˾ǡ

еӻ˵ʸ̫һϸµĻߵߣֽ£ֻ̫ʣһжǾǷӡ

÷Ӵر̫˵ǷŻɽ򲻿ɡ
ôжһֱڻʵ۸ǰ̫˵ͬҲǴۡ

һֱ̫ӵĲǰɽȻѷӼܿڳڡ

ʵ۳Ծɫ뽻̫ӺͽңͻȻð⣬˵û̫ӵķݣСš

ɰѷ͵Աߣ·ԵʱѰųֵı

ʲôл̲סǲ뺦㣿

ӿȻ̧ıӣڹû״Щˡ

лӣ˵ⶼжɵ

ӼɽббսӼл΢΢ͷֻһͦıŵ۽ޣֻ˺񶼴ƣͷķ綼Ƿ絶˪

治ðֵط

̲ס룬ܻصȥʶһͺˡ
һȥסԼ죬Ҳлǰ̫ҽԺ֡

*

ȥɽ֮󣬾Ǻͻʹƽ

ʹŵĵûʹ˺һӣֻޱޣʵۺϲ
ͣһֱֱ˽³Ϊޡ

ʵʱȥԿޣһʱҲûµˣʳҩĲҾʱûз

䣬̫ҽԺ˶º̿лȴûȥ죬ΪСˡ

һΪСԼΪСĹΪܳ裬ǽѾˣڵʳﻹרŵƳ֮һͶǳЩ࣬θʮֽйջ˸ա

лصʱղȥлŻȥ·Ķ׼ؼҡ

ʱѾԿҲѾرգҹ﹬лῪһСţֻܳܽרһЩ񵢸˵Ĵߵġ

лƽʱҲ߹ֻǽȴùƶûá

ͷۺˣһŲó롣

лֻߣͼһ

Ѳǳ£һɭϣȴûоٻѣߵűߣͷＸ䣬ӹš

лͷһвԤС




83.  ʮ   Ըܱ

Ĳֹлһ, Ҷм죬ִŲ뻮һӹڱš
ȻڵǴ, ȴѶûдһ֧, һнҹɫнУܹȴֲɫ, ӿ

лһμΣȫȻͷ

ʲôҪ
԰Ǳ̻һһ, ˿֮ﶯʵ, Ȼʮֿġ

Ҫһºͬò۷ǣſ˸ڣȴһһŲҴ, ɫʮֲÿмֲֻ̡

˵빬һ, ʹл˵, Ȼһ޴Թţɽ֣ס
룬ۻس, ȥ

ȴڵſ˵

лֻ˵ȥ·뵽һ·, ʾ¡

ʲôСҩ˯ˡ˵Щ²Լ۲, òЪ£·˵ɡ

ԭǵҴŮ

һϯ֮أӷ֮, ֵҪӻ˹ϵ֮ܣԶܱȡ

⼸ҲһֱϽСæת

λãҲߵҲһ
ͷֻлתһת㱻ӵĽ˻ȥ⹬˭Ҳţһˡ

лֻˣԭȵû뵽뿪ˣȴԼߵĹԸǣغˣ˭ҲܽȥţúЪϢ

ǴӦţһſڵſڡ

л壺
ҽﻹ⸬

⼸ѾС¶ü죬⸬ǸС¶׼ġ

лҽǶװģװʤӣҽ䡰žһµϣ⸬ҽҩ޵˳

лʰҽĹ򣬴С¶

ŵһ

ֻлỽôһС¶УأС¶ͼҲƵشӵڴ˳˷ܵҡβ͡

ˣˣˣ˷ѡлһι⸬һǽ͡

ιֲʲô¶Ҳôֻιߡ

лһι⸬һ˵Բ𡱣ְС¶һѡ
һᣬΪС¶۵໽Уǳߣһᱻ

С¶ֻǴɤ۶ίίغһﻹ⸬ֱӰһ¹Ϊ֮ʧ󹷲С˹һƽˡ

л壺
֪̫໶ӭԭҲȻȫǺ

Ĺ˴ߴл뿪лӦţͷʰҽ䣬һС¶ͷȻ͵طһУ

˴󾪣ץ˵ץˣ졣
ͷȻˣŮѯʣл£Ǳҧһڡ

ϣָµѪ
ʰҽ֮ġ

˷лȥ

л

ڶлߵһ̣鲻򵥣̫ҽ˴ˮȡѣѹȫ֧˳ȥ

ллԼһ˵ˡ

¾òˣ˵æ֣ǱµıȻ̫ӡ
ĵֽ߬űǣָڷףɫҲס

̫ҪԸֻһǾǷӡ

ɽ̫ӵǴʲô

лҲ벻еĹϣֻǵҾñðȥɽǺλзţ֪ǲҶģҾõܲԸҽ

Ķ͵һ٣ĸ˽ȥ㣬ҹ˭ڣ

˲һ飬ֻн깫ϲڡ

С⼸֧࣬ŲסЩεؼЪϢ

ҧãããԭ

ʣҪҪȥϼ

ʱﻹˣ
Ϣֽ֪Ҫʲô϶ȻȥӱѶ˵Һͽ겡ΣʺȴΪΡߵˣǽĸӶȻ

лˣҲųȥ

׼ʱ䣬ϳŽգҪǣΨӲ

ǸӰŵĵһأ̫һҲܰѷս֮иɱǾ˻ͷϿһñӡ

ؾһסպյԻеڶؿ
Ǿǹš

ԳſսĽǽ䱸ɭϵԼյĹš

ĸһ棬Ψйƹš

Ȼһʼʳǣʵ۱Ȼŭ
ӵ֮ƺҲϴˡ

ҪҪૣǧҪ

Ȼףлףһ

Ǹˣʵ˭塣
ߵ˺٣ԣÿһ˵
᲻һдͽꡣ

л֪˷Ϊʲôᱻȥɽ̫ΪʲôҪӱȨΪ֣֪֮գҲһԡ

ܲȥ£лֻҪʵ£һװɣ

˵Ѿˣû֤ݣʺ̫˵ᷴһ٣˵ҺͰӦϡ
ɫ԰ﴦǻʺߣǻʺ룬Ҹ˱µߡ

лǴҹ磬赹ҪԷ֣ҲΪչ˽޷ϯڷƣ߸ûӦ
һ֣Ѿüˡ

ֻȥҰӡץסл֣һҪ뷨֪ͨӣ

Ȼһʵ۸ѣ类صͰһ㣬бͣܳȥ

ﵽ
乬˻

ǱѰ˵ͽҹ

˵̫ҽ֪ܲôãصͷƳлһۣô

Īλл̫ҽֱСҧˣҲǿɫе԰ףѾƽ糣ȥֻ۶Щ

ôơ˵ţһл֣ߣл䡣

л۵á˻һ

Ѿˣɴ͸ŵѪ

ӴôôСģȥԼҩ˵ҧˣЩ˻ᷢġ

Ƿ蹷ҧĲŻɣл̫ҽ˵֪Žɭϣǲ˱°ɣұҹЪڴ˴ˡ
ӵ̸ӣ˵ִأֵýôûȥ

ĸŮȥ˵޹˵ģҲա

л伤һ¡


һѽôô

˸Ƿˡ

ңһ治徲ԼһϾûûˡ˵ţЦǣЪŰɡ

ȵ뿪лţиӣֵµ͡

Ҫȥ£ɲ

лԼ˵ˡ

ֻҽˡҧҧɲȥ¡

лȻǸô

ױϻӣü֬۵һлİƤͿúڲֽлüëŨ˲١
л¹ۣ˲٣´ѡ

׼ϲزɡ
һл壬Ըܱ¡




84.  ʮ   ױ

ϯ԰

л԰ȥ·˺üѲߵ, вٹ̡

ҲЩ˵ҪĿ꣬û˵ע⣬иʻ, ˵ڹ, ģһޡ

޵Ĳ, ˶ϵϯ棬ҾΧڼɽ뻨ľͷƸ֡

ޱ, ԼѾǸ˵Ķֻſһ, βͶ˦һ¡

˾ǹһ¡

޷һ͵ײˣǺ޲ܳһˡ

֮, лżаɫѪȻⲻ˵һŪ, ѹ˷ŭ

ȴʾʮ㡣ϯϵǾǡô, ݲʧɫˡ

ʵ۴ãͣ

ʱлЦ

ϯϵҪ滨, ϯҪĵ÷, һʱ䣬ؼһƬž޵ĺ, ֻлЦ

һлѵһЦǰ˶ĵطֻ㣬޲ܰԼһſԭʧ, ʱȴǰ˵Ŀⶼϡ

ЦָԭޣҼҲУ

˷ŭصǴŲ׽ޣֽһֻ˺һҪú𷣣

л屻ʵǰ

ʵۺɫѡҪѡ֮ˣ̺Ĺ̲̫ҽҪѡ˳۵ġ
ʱںССİ̫ҽʵۣϺм¹֪Ե³

ʵ
ӳ԰·ϣлһֱڷĿ֮´ЦǴġ
ʱ˿̣ޱ侲ƽúѾ֮⣬Լȶ²ţȥѼе

ʵһ޺ܸȤַΪ֮һСС̫ҽжţܲ˵Ǻܸ˳˺ǺõصǱȥޣҪԴ

ǡлҹŲȥ

˵˵Ϳ࣬׼ıţ˭˵

ʺԵϢŭǳ檹жһСС±Юȥʱšλ̫ҽȻҪȥ깫ȥˡ

깫̵ūּ

ʺ깫ȥء޾ֻδţǿɶء

ʵҲ£ȥơޱգǣֱ˴޸޿ˣش޵۾

лԭֻһͳţȻ취֪ͨӣû뵽ʺȻ棬ǵˮ©

Ȼֻܽסͨˣ깫㣬̷С

֮ǰ깫л̫ҽҲ˵ˣʺﶪ˶Ϊűӣɷл̫ҽҽһƣ

Ҫ˼

лԭдʲôģû취ȥҷӣзܰ˵ס

ǲֵһǻţҲҪ롣

лԭСĹͷˣʱڹôÿɲǰ״ġ

ҽ䲻Ѽһ깫˸Ůл϶һ顣

ʲôҲûУ깫𽵹һЦл̫ҽ롣

ÿһȹŶޱΡ룬һţߴһɣźһߡ

л忴һһ򿪣ͷ
Ƿʱͺˣ
һһܳ

ǿϧûôɵ£ǻƱصľǣƮ˼С꣬ϵǶæϣɫҴҡ

Сڷܿ̿࣬ʿҲ̵𾢣ҹҪһؿΣһ°ѧ顣

лͬ깫ŵʱϿΡ

ʿ뾩ʱ깫δƣʿ֪ǰλߵĴˡ

ɫ֪깫λԲͣ󻹴һֶӣʿƲԣһģ·ʶ˲л壺ֵֵˣôѹ˴ؼҰ

깫ýʱͬһźҲǴ粽룬лһĻᶼûС

ʱæ˵һ깫ݣ˵䣬깫ͷصأ

лȥ˺ԺԺСǵأҹǶ˯磬ÿһֻϵлĽŲһȫ˳

ͷȻһȡ
˷ܣ죬ɭɭ·Ҫ˹һơ

ͷ޹аŵòᣬƼôһȻ˹깫ȵˣжвһ
ǶŴˣŵȴǰȽʮֳʵ󳷡

ںֻлΪֹ
лϣҪл°ͣԣҴ㻻ط棬˺òã

깫ǿɲĹèһлϣͲûҸش࣬ʱĿɿڴ

깫ƣ𣿡лʡ

깫ŻعǣǣȻлɫл̫ҽױ֮ǰ;
ױһ˾ݱ¿Ƕһ޶ܱȣȻõʵʶ

һ㣬л뿪ʱܲܺͼ˵仰깫Ϳصл̫ҽ㡣
ȴʵԱߡ
ҹǸҪͷӣû

лСͷСԣڼúö飬ɱٲҪҴ빬ˣɲʲô˶ܽġ

Сл廳ȥ

л̲סһҵ
ʵС뾩ĵһᵽʹôܲȥʿʹѰ˽ȥǿƾټڣ빬μӵԣʱȥʹʲôģˡ

С𵱼롪Ҫ빬μӵԣҪڵ϶״Ԫ
ûȥʹ¡

ǿɲС첻УҹУԿҲáл屳깫§СʵСķʿ˵ɲĵطҶڹúõĹӣʲôҲûУģҲ棬ǺúöҪ

ʿ鲻䣬Ȼǳֲ΢΢Цӡ

С˳Ļ飬̫ˡ

лʵ棬ȥҽɡˣҴͷиľС˶ȥҽʱϣҵС档

깫Щӵ黰ѾЩͷˣԱɤӡ

лҪˡСǧϵȥ氡ûУʵʵţĶҲȥ

ֻ˵ˡ

عʱ깫ٲҺͬһΪк

깫׼һţƤɵлϵϡ

лʾã깫Цл̫ҽǲޣл̫ҽʱʱѽܵ˿ǣⶫҰѱձýһǰĴӣ͵ʱŷġ

лӵʱ򣬺Ϊߣҧʮֿġ

¡л屧źصëһֱŵĽȫûµһûµġ

ͷлˮͬʱԴлϲ䣬ķοл塣

лʦߺǶӣʵѰ£׳Եһÿο꣬ﶼʹֿܶ࣬ߣӽŸɡ

һβͬ

һѹϵľʯǧأÿҪ͸

һ׷˵ģʹµս

ѪɴѪ

*

ʵۼ˺Ȼ

˼л˵ˣ°֮࣬һҲ˵
𾪵ǣǴһ·ϲ֪˶ˣлֻȴǹ˳ޱȣͲûΧл

û£һͺ𣬺һ˶䣬ӡ

ֻһ̬ׯվĿ⿴źרעҡ

ԭǵ˶Ӳܶһ£ʱȴǰͦأвⲽԸֽǶչԼˣԵݡһ˺ۺëĻ

Ƭ̣עصлϣԴŲл塣

ʵ棬Ͱл壺䣬ô°

л嵹û뵽һ㡣
һ£𣺡ż




85.  ʮ   ƹ

лһֻ濴ֵС̫ҽ, ҡһ䣬ϯԼһϯ֮ء
λͣܳ赹Աߡ
, 赹һ˺ü, Ѿˡ

֮԰ôΪʵʻʱҲҪ§
ʵʮֺʺ

Ҳ˵
л岻뿴űɫݵ÷ͷ, һ۶öģͷ, ԳʮֹӣҾӱ, һ·߼һֻСޣԭΪһֻСû뵽ԽԽ, ʱֻΪ⹷ó棬û뵽ޡ

ʵȻڴи, ɰͰ͵Ļش, Ϊʧ

ʱʺЦϲ£ϲ¡Ҫл̫ҽֽ֮£Ȼл̫ҽԶڱܻԵأԱְ, Сһ, л̫ҽȴﶼˣ⣿

һϯ˵ûʵմãһ˵, лǴй޾Ϊ̫ҽԺԺаɣ

лסˡ
̫ҽ͡ԺС˵̫ͬҽԺְر, ̫ҽֻͣмļˣʮʱڹκϡԺС֡
û뵽˼ʮͶĶʵƮƮһ仰䵽ͷϡ

µǿĵýʺѲᣬЦǷ۹֬ޣˣԺеĲµúúõģѺ󹬵λûۣǲǳô˼ҵĹñ˵˱أ

ʵ۹Цʺ˼أ

Գ檵ǳл̫ҽᣬշԺУҪʺл̫ҽƣл̫ҽרչޣʹɣ

ʵ۶Ϊ⣬л嵱ʹһƷ̫ҽҡһ䣬Ϊʳ¯ʹƷ

Ƿ׷׹λʺˣʵҲһƸ

ʱϷȻллıһȣ˵ϡ

һӦǡϢûܴȥӹˣ
Ȼ𣬲ԣǲǹŷǳ

ϯϹҲţʵʵô£ܿػǳˮˡ

л֪ʵһ棬顣
ûʵ۹ȥ

ʺ󼴿ȥȻǸʵѹ
ʵ룺ɣ޵ȥͷǲˣ

л˵ΪĻ֪Ůˡ

ֻʵ۽Ͼͱڳ⣬ǿɲܳ¡

л壺

ʺȰɱϾˮ飬ǧ֮Īհ

⻰Ȼ˻ʵۡ

ŻƲ󣬱¿Ϩȥˡлѧο콵ޣ壬Ȼˮ֣½ˡ

⻰˻ʵۡ

ʺ󵭵лһۣŻʵۣ˵Ĵӵ£ƺƵȥ

ĻƹȻѾȥˣֻ༸ð̡
ͷңϹŽ˵ڻʵǰ£ȾĸӰɣ

ʵ᣺ɣأ

ʺܾˣǻʲôȥϢ

ߣԾҪ
һƽյ˳˦˵ؿͷֹ£˳ѣҪƭҹţȻʵı֮նɱʥ񼫣飡

ʵ۵Ժܾû˼ˣһ̵סˡ
ʺº͵ص£õܾС촫̫ҽưɡ

̫ҽֳɵһλлҪǰȻ̧ͷ
ѩ˵Ĺ⡣

ûܾǳԼŵġˣҹôܼ£ջʺ̫ӵµļƻ⹬˶ᱻڹֱ鼱֮봳ţ

ŵĻ𣿡ʺһһǣ£ǺͿѽ

ʵҲüʲôı棿ʲôö˶˵ĺ˵˵ЩʲôˣȰ͵ȥտЩܾˡ

Ȼл̫ҽ֮ǰģл̫ҽƣ

лҲֹ
ֻʵ۵л̫ҽȥտأ̫ҽԺ˭ֵ㻽һˡ
˵ţʵ۰ڼݻ԰ϻ꣬ʵ۱Թû뵽ҲͿˣ֪޾ܵˡ

л屻Юڶǰߣͷɼضҡҡͷ

ڱ

Ƕ̶ʱ֮ڣл屻ӵȨı֮УѾܿǰĶˡûʵһڻʺѾǸˡ

Ϣܴȥ
һֹ

*

лͷϣһֻľС
Сʿ

ʿ֪л岻Ƕ໰ˣԵ޹ᵽЩ
깫ԣл˵ʮޣʿʵûס

޷ڹе£һ˱ס

깫¼׵֮󣬻ڷҵĲԶʲô

ܿͿҵʻ

һԭΪһ㣬ȥ˾ǱǶַʿȥĵط

ڰһʱʿų˼ҡ

ûע⵽ַһ㳵ʻȥǰԺ

ڽ֮УԺȻҲ˼ӡ
ֻǲ÷ȴû˵˽ȥǷзַ֮ͣ˲ܳţȴǾŮ֡

ʿǻŮԺлĻһֲ©ظ

ȴǾþеķ꣬ˣлҪǾϢ߸磬£ǧҪ빬

Ƭַ̺뿪Ժһֱ͵ſڣػͱ

ӵֻڣ˻صڰС

Ժﲻ˯ǳҩӷʵ̫УҲ֪Ѱһҽ飬ͷðĦְԺе˲ҪǮƵ϶ѡ

֪ķЧֻ־ᣬƾѾõ߰˰ˡ

뿪Ժ֮󵥶һƥ

һƣȥŵһ
ûʲôְְ̫ߵķҲ򡪡¼Ϣػõ

ԽԽһ·п񱼣Ըӻûпʼǣδɣһлء

һæ꣬û

װӳֵһ˴

ҹ꣬壬˿ϣǧ̤Ƽҹ

һ죬׳棬

󵱳ǻһѪҪͶľġ
ɴʱ˿뿴ģġ

Ѿ嵽Զ׼Ѿͻš

Ƴ֮޿ء


һס·ӵü׷ܵһŰ

ӵ͸һ˿죺С󣿡

Ӹ磡ǰлǧҪ빬ǻʺ̫ӵı

ľС˷Уˮ棬Ź⻬䡣

һǮı˻ɫȻʲôľϣĥҲûжྫϸ
֮ô⻬ȫÿմߣʱʱĦ
ɼ䰮

ͺǾһ

*

ֵ޲ֺͣúֻǲ

һֻ޶˿ýζʱֻҶǿġ

ʵ۸Цñ˭ȵҲ˭ࡣ

л֮УֻʱͣƵģЦǵĸ裬һжޱȻʱһּ尾

ϯֵ֮ʣļȻľ

ʵѾòᣬأһ§赹ˣһƣƼ̫Ӵ˼ûһأȫĸܾô

ʣ³ǵѣ븸ˡ̫˵ţǰһ󽫾Ӵǧƿţ뾩ǣʱѵ˹֮⣡

žʵеľƱϣ־ŭ˵ʲô

ңʾ˹ţ̫ӵ븸ʲô

Ƕʱô
ôʲôѽ򵽹ſˡ
˵ѹߣ̫ӷû뵽Ȼһ
ǲ̫ӷǲѱ·

л￴Щ۷׷׵з䡣
ҹģȫǻʺ̫ӵˡ
ȫǡ

ûһἰ֮ǰĻ

ʺüô͵˱ƹһأ´𣿻λ󽫾費ϣھ֮ѱȨû뵽ȻתͷƳǱƹΪΰ

Ϊ뵱󽫾뵱ʵۣ
ʵһ߷˰ϯγĳѾȫѪɫۿвѪ˿ӣЩӣ֪ǶҪ޵Ļλ

ʵŽ˳ȥ

̫ϣʺȻϡָл塣

̫ӵĸ󣬶ʲôʱˣοЩС

ɲСܸޣߥޱȥֶβСϲ⣬㸸ɥ־Ƣԣ˵׼Ҫסá
ʺ˵ţл壬΢΢һЦ߰ɣл̫ҽôȫ㣬㿴ڽҹġ

л屻ץš

ȸš
Ǿΰȸ֡

л屻ѺϹ¥ϵʱ򣬻ʵѾŽվǶˡ

ڻʵߣڳʸƿ֮леһƬ

ȷȫʧˡ

һ

ס֣
ʵۺȻһ·ֻˣһ֣һֵԴ

ʡ
̫ȻҪڣȻָ̫ӵĿ̫ͣӵıǼ⡣

˵ı𣿣ʵŭݣ˫Ŀ죬˵ķ𣿣

л岻֪ѳ˵˳¥ϡ

¥Ǹ߸ߵĹǽǽǺڳļž¥ϵĵƻƬڰ

ƻƵĹâ£ճļʸԼڼʸ֮⣬һƬĬȺ
ǽһٵʿ泯͢ԶҲȡʤʱȫڵϣһ
ΨƥǲΪγĬʱ˻

ӹǰ棬жԱߣ£ѱˮʪ͸
ˮյ䣬ɫ԰ףڣĬɽ




86.  ʮ   Щô

л۾, ԼΡ

ûдȷʵѾٹ֮£Ȼ£ɱ, ȵعڹ֮⡣

Ļ, Ӵ֣뿴ֵһķ, óȥһɣ

Զִ, ھѵȻʯ, ʱ͸ҹĻĻֱ¥˵Ķ

лƼ£һ㰲Ȼص˶, ʱѾǷſģǲᴫ, ܿǷյϢ, ʹˮ

Ȼʵ̫ӣô£

̫Ҳˡ
ۿʱ̫Ӽֱǿϲ, ĵ󹦸, ֻҪʵһƣӱҪ֮ء

ʵ۰ˣϷȴԤȼƻǰˡ

֪, ֻ֪ҹ뾩Χš

ž̫ϰһǶ, ʵŭжףӵΧΪ޲֪װЩʲô޸㣬Щ޵ʣµģ

̫Գָӡ棬һҲһͬĶ⣬ȴǻʺ

ӣʺŭƽôģձȨֻ֪Ӳ֪͢Ҳ㸸ʵĶ裬ôĽҲãȻҰ㸸ʵ尲Σ£ǲˣ

ʺ˵ţ̫һ££Ӵˣǳ檽޷ҹϲޣԭǸ߸˵ӣƫƫȴر֣ܰȻ£˱µ£ȫǳ檽̵޷Ĺ

ʵдúһϯöӽˣǲޣ
ʵ˿˹š

л忴ŷŷֻ빬ţȻų¥̨״˷߹
ͷȫˮʪĿ״лĿײһ

Ŀ⽻ֻм̵һ˲˲˺Ļ˵ˣֺʲô˵

ֻҪ˴˻ڣôһۣٺòʲôֵˡ

ʵֽԼĶҪΪϣӴлü̩ͨҹ븸ʱӣĪ

ԼɫҰףʵŲ
һ˿Υӻʵͷ˵һն֮ʣӷܲԼǰ

赹ԵߵµТ˳˵ǴƳҲҪ˺ж

лʱһ¡
ȻûйţȴȻǾһսǡ

Ȼʵ۱Ѿѵºɫʱֳȥ

ӵʣǴıȥĳţûפÿĳţһ븸졣

úӡʵķӵļ磬ɫú֪£Ƕ¡
˵̫ӵ㻹ڵʲô⵱ú£ֵǣ

ʺ̫һѣ̫ӴһĳʹںޣߵܣֳһʱͿߵĹֳһΰɡ

ӵԳ縸һǴδĹֳڳܶԣ縸ͣ¶ΪΨоһ˿Թԡ

ʮָжܵܵ൱ˡѵܹТ˫ȫʵʮ⣬Ҫƻصؿ磬ҪϷȥյƣѹѹ

³¥ʱ򣬽˼

л̫ҽűǷ֣Ρ

л岻Ҳ֪ӵ壬ʱ̽ȥһʹذѷӵ˵

ӾսоۣϴԺܵδȫϣܴ纮þҽΣ壬Ҫγɾˡ

»ʵ۵ȻŷȥȾˣл弴ΪҽΡ

ѰȥʵΪʾ¡裬޵Ϊţ̺Ҳڡ

ţлˮˮȡҩȡҩѵıѣ֮ǰȥʹøɸɾ
һ뿪ŵͬһʱ䣬л㱻ӱס

úܽҪͷ
лҲر
һͷͬһҲΪҲˡ

һ֮лɿϵˮһѹеθ
Ȼ㲻һֱɻΪʲôʺ֪ŵе⣬Ժúòһ

治ЩӸͷ̾ϢһǶ㡣

лЦЦ
ܰæúܺá
ʵǵʱû𣿹ڵĽ䱸ɭˣȴ

ҪҵôֻܲΪżǣȻţȴ֪Ҳ϶ôţص˵·ϳŽġ

ӵġ
лĶᣬҲůйѾʧȥ֪ظ棬ȸоľǻ˵ů׽ס֣°

лǰʪ͸ˣȺģʪżճݵΡ

ô˵ʱ΢΢𶯣Ķ

Ϣ͸Ȼƾͼƣô⣬мĳɻʵм

˶֪ʵһ˽ϵΨҶ˵ȫȻȲҪʵԼǣʵ۱㲻ᵱһ¡

̫ݺ¾Ȼֻ㣬ʵʵǡл޺޵ض˼ΣȴȻҲݻʵ۴еĴʡ

ˡӵĻλҲôģã˵Ҫȥ̫дһκԼֵܶκ˷֡

л岻֪˵ʲôЩ룬סһ¡

ǱʱˣǴů·ܵεˮҲ͵úܣл̫ҽӲС

Ҿһ㡣лϷ̣Щô

˵أĿ΢΢ͷսл塣
лͷֱ̲ס۾

ʱ̧ˮˡ

תʱѾǴ没ı׼ƣлװģĶ˷һ뿪

빬ûˡ

ʿڵ˵ľųһ󽫾ӹһˡֻ̫λһգ󽫾鷳һա

лԭΪ»ھǴ÷з±㶼֪̫Ӹɵĺ¡
ۣﶼȫ¸ˡ

ڲᣬվɺ͵ƣһܡ

лǰͿʹˡ

仯еġ̫ʺԱ㣬ʵۺΪʧ𣬱ᵽ
ڻʺ޵볯һξ롣

Щл˴æˣҪտֻޣҪθҪ̫ҽԺѧҽæ÷

յ˸ʱ򣬵¾ȴ˸գԭãͻʵ۴Žȥ԰档

л԰ʱ򣬾ͼںС¶Ƥ

С¶֪أȻƤһ·񱼡

׷С¶ţ׷Ž겻ţһֻСܡ
ʵۺЦںͷ

ʵԾͿеˣҩʱͣҩЩģʱ㲻󰮺˻һ˳ƽ⣬ʵ۵Ը׽

ʵ۶ԺǿüΪ֪ǶǻضƨɵµΣŮأδϣʱŽСС±ܣʵ۵ѵõسһֵ֮ζ

С¶һ˳򣬻ʵۻЦСϵþɾء

δ˵꣬С¶ȴǳԱߵĳǵľ

С¶ԺǽϵĹһӾ˽ȥҲҪꡣæסСȻȥߵš

ǰ죬ȴǴŽգ˺һӦš

ӦŵĹ˼˻ʵۣɫò԰ףˡ

Ե¬֣ȥ֪㣬ʥڴˡ
ʵ۽ͣ֡Ǳûмٴ˵أūǶסˡ

¬ֽͰҪ˳Ļ˵ȴʵһѣ

ʵ۴ֱӳڵ

лʶһȥȴס䣬ҡҡͷ

ڴӵŭŮӵĿ޽
ǵ

˿ЩɡԸңºͣᣬ档




87.  ʮ   㲻ֽ

Ȼڹг衣

˵гǱ, һֱ̫ߡʵ۽ȥ֮ʱǼ̫𽵹ʮֿ

ʵһŭ֮±㿳Ǽ̫, Ҫһ˵ʱ, 깫˻ʵһ£ҿһӡ

ǵΨһŮ, ޸˽Ҽ
ӣǿҼӡ

깫ڻʵ̺˼ʮ, ֪ʵ۶Խҵļɵ仰ǰס˻ʵ۵

ʵ۰ѵһ, ˰Ѵ˵طˣŭȻȥ
Ҫõ˼

Щлڵڶ˵ġ
ʱվߣһȻ, ֻʵŭȥƬ̺ŭ, °ϻմѪ, Ըްˣκ˲ó룡

ʵȥ󣬴л߽޵

ڸѪ
ʺһӵʬ, һ, Ѫ

ͷɢڴϰؿ

㣬Щ, ܸٿҲõġ

̧ͷ, Ȼҧ㣬Բԣ

ƽͣ˵ﻰҳϦദͬãôẦ㣿

㡱ҪץסлһҪסĶȴ죬ֱ̧һƳڵϡ

ɤӶˣҴ㲻ҴѾͷ澣

ˣһǰѵˡ
ͣɫ֮࣬ڿڡ

л빬ʱֻÿһ˵ƵģǸոմ򿪵Ļ곤ʢŵŨĵÿ˶ǻϵӣòһ˿̻
ʱ֪ﲻضãкЩԻл嶼û

Ҫѵӻ֣ùȥ

Ҳм仰ʽ㡣˭ҪȥͶӵϢ͸¶ʺģǲ㣿
˭ĸķҩý곦θ͵ģǲ㣿
˭ϸţһֱʺĶ񣬰ĸӵһһȫʺģǲ㣿

ÿһ䣬ɫѿһ֣ˣֻҴ빬нգڻʺǰĸӣӻĸƾӹȴҶ𱨣ûģ

ģ˵ģ
΢ЦˣЦݺ䣬ʡʱ͵ʵ۷԰ƳȥޡȻڹﵽ˵һ͵͵г衣˰ӣֶֺޣʱʱĸһҶûиƽϣֻΪСʱҲӻĸӣֻ뽫¡
ӷһ̬ʼڰͽңţжթҺôһô꣬ʱҲռҲգһֱƣҲѵõԵ֡
һ뽪ңұ֪ѾͶ˻ʺֻΪ˼ҡֻҪҲ¶ˣҲӳʲôȴû뵽ǾȻҲŹɳһȥɱӣǺͻʺӦϣˣΪһ𣿡

㡱ҧгˣϧģʲôǼѾһû浱ԼãҵūţһūţһӶūţ˸ӾͷˣΣţʺʰģһʰģĸһҲܲˡ

µĻû˵òס졣

ָգأصϧܵܲˣûˡ

Ŀл뿪޵ĵһ¾
޵ȼ̿裬ůúܣȴһ䣬վĺ֮У˷Щ

ôл塣

лҡҡͷֵͷ
ֻǲ
Ϲս¹ɳͷ߹ֹһأûһôµûţθЩڣ¡

Ǻ󹬡վڷУĵȵĽãʱȡһֱʵʵĺˣҲһͰͱ

л忴Щ㯣ҪѰЩοһ£

˵ĲԼȻ

л壺ţ

ûģߣҲֻΪסʺֻҪݷݣʺܾͻһ
ҴˣӴӷͳ˻ʺж˵ҵֵϺˣҪȥĹҲŹǡûˣһҪ򣬳ܿܣӮ˳֮ʬǶס

лͷȷʵ˰
ֵôϣڻڸĸǰһԷʹֵܲͣһֻһ

л壬õлЩɻԼ֪ǲﲻԡ

㻹ǲ塣̾ϢҽδҵĽձգҪѧŵǡҪҵ꣬˺ü֪꣬Ӹô


лʵǲ̫ס

ҹ˳źǽʱʷӣʲô˼ѧŵѧϵáͱӵı£

Ƶս۾ˣ˷裬ķ˿ɢڵȻ

ָᣬָͷֻǽˮУޱ˿㲻ѧ㲻ֽá

лһ
һӰ룬л浱ǽʱ򣬻ѹ
û뵽໥ͱ˭Ҳû

ӣĸҲǿ⹬ڰ

㲻֪һҲ˵ˡлпص治򵥣ҿŶͺã񶼹ͦġû뵽ȴһѰ

ӵͷ
лָֻݣڷϻ˳ͷĲϣһûһµ
ůúܣļʼ̡
л̲ס

ס죬ʲôҿ࣬羱úܣһ󡣡

Ҳô󷨡л幾
˭ר¶ļڲ䣬ˣ

ӵʮģ̽ңô󷨲Ŷԣ

лѾֻൽϣ

ӱ

лĪ˸ʹÿҪһʱȥֻޡֹֻвˣл³ϱ£СС˶һ顣
ÿһԣ޴һֻֻ

ﻹŲ࣬ʨһУǱѵ֣ûٳԿͷл۾ˣһݣͳͳȫˡ

֮⣬Ȼÿ춼Ҫȥ̫ҽԺѧҽƽʱջҪȥ۾ڹҲ½ˣ˲ʱҪȥ깫ҲǵҪȥ
һʱæ÷

ӵִů
лԭֻǲĲŲĿĴɣǡôû¾ͰѼĽӲƣ˳˶е͵ġ

šлó̾˿۾αϣһ

ӺȻˡ

лۣͼӳӵģŨڣ۾ʲôҪӿ

л岻ɻһӣ




88.  ʮ   ʥŮ


е͡
, ġ

ӵֻļ磬һϣµļ񻨾, ΢΢һ֭
ķ˿, ģġ

塱
˵ƻҹ, ˼ࡣ

Խͷȥ

˵̫Ҫһ, ָʲô
лȻʣ档

Ӷסʱ, лĴֻаľ룬뻹Ĵһڣҧ⹬ѧˡ

Ǹҹݵѵֻܹƭ˵İϷ
ݵ˲, Ҳš

֮Ѿ˺̫ӱ, ڲʲô, һʱȥʺ̫˫˫λһƬȷѪˡ

ӼҪػش𣺡ûңû

ô

ȡӵ, Һ, ֻܵǶ֡ҵ𣿿һ˻ʵ۸ǰõ̫ãֻҪţõʹԽ, ǾͻᶯԽݡ

ϴ뾩ʱ򣬷˼ˣƽСҶ, ھǡ
һǾеľǷĵơ

ģ͵̫ӳˡ

л룺ǲǵҸ˵Ǹ£ҾͷܲԾǲǿæһ飿

һֱлϣܾͷر𲻶Ծ
ΪõֵʱԺеĹҵȻֻɢ衣

ǴӺδ
ͬνԵʲôϵ

ӵ˵ͷ

ĸӡһ˫۾ԼֺζЦݣӡһֱ˱ɱղ֪ĸѲǵǸֻ֪źӿŮ

վã̽Ȼöࡣ
ܿл壬ԺѾкЩˣЩ䣬ЩžݹеȴСӣԲ˶á

ǵ꣬طҩȻ֮䣬ʼ
Ϊһ˵ҩ֮ٷҩԵ

ĳʵ۴ɵһȻٲˣ˶ԺҪ
Ժ߲ܣ̫ҽԺÿնҪ衣
лúܣ١

񲢲ҩ裬档

һϵˣҩԵ

лϸһ£Ǹӱűƹҹϯϵϡ

лȻһ󵨵Ĳ롪ǲֻлʺߵ˲õ裬ɵҩЧ

ֻϧԵƷλֻͣΪԱû취쵽֮

Ҫõҩͺðл롣
Ϲɵڻʵ۴ûһõ֡

Ϊ·ʱ򣬻ʺ̫ǰ˽㡣

ΪҼ

һĽҼúܣͷһ
ҼԽҵĻʺ̫ܲܲ

ǣ¡ֵƭɱִ̫֮ӽʮȫȫβسȥˡ

ʵ۴Ҳоһ˿˿ڽҼһգӺͱͬʱѱʹһˡ

Ϊ˱ʾƣ˴ϼҾ죬ʵԼҲĵûдϸλˣֻڲ࣬ȥأм˾ģˡ

ΪʹŹһӣʹŵͨ˳ٳû̸Ҽ˾˻ʵ۱Ҫ̸¡
Ȼ˽ʵۣʵǲ̸µġ
ȻʵۺܿɫغͳӵļҾ̸ǻ᲻ᳪ裬ԸԸΪա

ΪһսļҾвھģҪڸ裬ֱ裬ЩС

Щȥˡ
Ĳļǲ裬裬衣

ݹһ÷ӲҪ
ʵǰֻǺôϲȴԽϲŭ޳ݲ˰ˣϯɱˣֹһΡ

ʱӦϣʵѾɨˣҪȻϯһӯӯԸΪһ

ϯǰʵȻûע⵽ʱվŷüΪ˵ϯϵһɫʱĻŭţúúãúã͡

Ϸȥüͷ΢塣
ͻرô

ϷЩ˸㿪˷ӵߣΡ

·ɽڷԱߣˡСǰţλ˵ûʹһˣ빬һΣǻȥҲֵˡСӾͰ˴ˡ

ޱ飺

յıһ鴫֪˫ݺ
ʵۿüЦһǰԶӴ;ơ

֪ⲻӣ۾ֻŻʵۣͷŻʵ۵ֺⱭơ

ʵ۹Цһס֪ˣôԶϧ߰ɣ

ϷɫҰףҪվ
üԸ·ɽɣϳȥ

·ɽֵܣֱӰϷߡ

֪۽ƳϷϯϵЦһ˿ҲûʣžƱ͵ʵǰ

ʵµˣ൱İޣ˰޴

Ҫޣٲʹ

̫ҽԺæµл岻òҶҽѧӰԼɫŪýƣٰΧЩ

ǵһ̫ҽԺִ磬ܳһʵȥʥ

лͷҪߣΪֵ۾ڿʩ⼼ȥٻأûѧ

ܳȻסָָĲһЩ

ɫȻƣļ񣬲һۿɼ

лԼ
ٻȥѲͿѾˣڻʵƽʱޣֻԶ۲ҽ棬һӣӦް
˵лˡ

ֻѾ˵⣬һռһֻ
ǰͲúͺͬһκκۣ΢սЩҪһצӡ
лԭȻţϾôֻޣһһĸһСãźհѶԷӳɻèֻ̾ϢһͷΪһֻӡ

ɹˣʮл˯ӲǿЩ

ʱһл壬ＤתתȥһֻҲ˷ܵ໽С

˰Ŵ򿪣ϹϾؽݵл
ǺͱһΪԣ޵ѡѡ񣬾л嶨ȻǷˡ

лǣֻϵʱͷڱ֮ǰҽָͷڻʩʱָУȫȻûע⵽ϯһΪֻҪƽʱǣֻۉȦ޵ʲôıˡ

һλעǷӡ
Ӻһֱ£۸ŶԶΧжˣؽԼȻȻȺ

״ۣ̽ڣӢ
Żʵ۵棬ûл϶ͣ˵߽һɲǱֿ

лע⵽ϯϾȻǡ
һʹŵ˺Ȼޣ仹ֻޣѾҪʥŮݵ£鲻Խ񣬻ñ˾ֹסˡ

л壺
ʲô磿

ͺñǸˣģʲôͣˣû̫ϵ
ڵչʾһ޵ķɣܵϯϿһ⡪׼˵ںϯʱʹŵ˫ַһ⣬˳ͳˡ

ˣǡչʾޣлһõ˻ʵ۵ʹͣԶԶʵۿ˸ͷлֻһˡ

ʱʵʣˣ˾ޣôѽ

һεεر£˱Įǣ˵ֻӱʥŮĺңƴǱˣʴ˲¡

л죬˭

ʵʮָȤʥŮںδ

²֪ôųĹ֪⿴л壬Цû죬Զߣǰ˱ʥŮĮǻ˭Ļأ

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89.  ʮ   ϡ


ô, ²ʥŮ˶£ϵù𣿻ǾŪģ, ˱㲻ϵʥŮˣ
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˵˵Ҽ˾Ůںԣ

лĿֱ
ҲĹһ˽Ҵô, ؿƿʹĹûһ˶˵, ŷ

û뵽а֪
л̲סҪ, ֪

ֳ, Ҫ
Ե·ɽһѰס֣ҡҡͷԼ͵, һ̡

Ҳ, 仹άƽ飬۾ȴ¶Եĵǡ
һڵλ˲֪ǴϢʲôʥŮ֮, Ҳһλʹ

֪ʥŮл壬ԭǱǳҽ, Ҳ֪أҡһ䣬ͳʥŮ

ЦЦҵʥŮǱˣ

֪һʱͣתʵ۵ǲţȥƴǣһʱ֪

ˣͻȥʵл֣䣬ǰ

лǰ

ʵ۴

ʹǰ죬չҲղԽȼ߱ơ
ƻԻͣճл役ƵƤ׳

ʵǰ֮ˣòһ۶Ҫ۾
ʱϸһʵ۱㷢֮ǰûзֹĺö

лƣȴǰ׾ϸ壬һؾƿǰɫȵϣ˫ԲӺۣͦıȻһλˡ

֣ͷֱȴϸúܣ۵¶ֻѥҲýɵĹǼܵȻôֵԲƤǼ٣ҲǼٵġ

ʵЦУл䣬㵱ǱʥŮ

ʡ
ӵ𣬵ͳ¡

лͷϯվ

絶ʣǹգɱڵĽ̬

ڣл֪Ҫ˵ʲô

һбס

ǡлڷӿ֮ǰͷұǱʥŮ

е˺
Ѵ߻ʵۣлӡδɻ飬Ŀеӡ

λʺ޵ߣϱδػŹδĶϱһӳħƣѸһڳ
ĸ߽׽죬ȫڴˡ

ʱȥץסʵʣƾЩӳǡ

ȻǱ̫ӡ̫ӻῪĵһ·׷ɱͲϿѻʵ˺Ʊ
߱߱ҪǧָҪ

Σ

ҲգųҲգṰְѰøˡ

лһ仰Ͱĺжµó׵ס

Ŷʵ°ȻΪҪٰ̫ҽ⸱磿

ر£ⶼּ⡣л幧һҽ֮еõͣ󽫾ƽңΪһңս񻹸ʾʵӣ͸ҽ׸¡ֻ֮ҪȴʱΨһͷ޹ڱ̣֮ǳ֮ʱ

ǷһǰлţԼſھͱһ׻ѻô˳һİ

ʾʱ֮ǰһбκй©Գ󽫾ķϣ˴֮١
л˵ţתǰһ񣺡л󽫾ȫ
֮ʣգգ۾

ӿţֻǿ٩٩̸л壬Ժ뵽ȴһͽ͵ģ
ҵ
ӵ˵쳣ɬ

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лģձϰףʥŮĿʾˣԳòΪ֮֡

Ŷ˭ҲĿʵǺ棬Ҳ𣿡

лӣǷˣȻá

ʵմããʥŮ޻ع

ɣҼ˾վضٵأʥŮ񣬱ң

˾ˣл忪ڵʾ

˾ǡ

ʵۻ˻֣ن£ʥŮ£ҪͨȫӦǡ

˾˵ʵѾȲҪ§л塣

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лоӵֽץ󣬷·֭ȥ˲׼򿪣һֻյһ˲Ҫڻʵϡ

л弱æʥŮޣ÷ǰգѪֽ֮¡

ʵ۶ʱһһ˵ı顣

ʱ䣬ʵ۵Ȼȵ𣬱˵ͻһʵĻûζء

ʥŮĹطࡣ

һҪڹѡλһ乬
Ǽ乬ƫƧ˾סʵ̱׼ˡ

Ҫģ֮ʱκ˴š
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ҹлһ˹ϡ
пһˣֻһ˾

ϵһŻֳһϰˣ°ȴޣĮһģһ
һͷĮǰĽűߣ¶

ž֮еĮǵĺ

Ȼ񼣡

ѡ乬ԭ

л⺿벻֪Ǻģһֻġ
һֻɣְˡ

ȵҹһ˿⣬ϲŷһ죬ӴӴԾ˽

лһ̫ɫǳͦǹЦˣ󽫾һ㶼񡣡

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лʣȥĶ

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ӣ㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵˵һ̣ΪԺǲٴ̡
л忴ȻûеʵҲڴ̣һ̣㽻ɡ

壡üͷѵõضɫ֪֪ʲô

ҼöˣܰɣҲûʲôɡл˵귢ַһ㶣ŵ˵ǶҪֵģҼöˡ

УӵԶƵ̧ˣлһס죬ꡣ˶٣Ӧǲģаա

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ڷӵǷӦ֮ǰԼ˵

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ߣͷķղֻ޹úͲ

ûȡ𣿡ʶʡ

ţ⵹л壬˼һ£ǴžͽСϡ桯ɡ




90.  ʮ   ô

˻ѵʱѾǰҹ

Ůӵò˯ϢϢ, ò³谮ϢϢأѵʮֲãĪǱ£
³, ôҹ

λʥŮĸѹ, ǰ˵뾪ˡ

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ʥŮҹ٣֪кιɣ 

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ͷһл壬òϣʹ޵۹⿴, лҲù浾ˡ

һ֪, ·һֻ, ˶࿴۱ﶼܰƵġ

Ǽ覵ˣʮͨ͸Ƿһ⡣

л忪żɽҪһ

裿ЦˣʥŮ̫ҽԺ, Ҫ边Ҫˡ

лΪҳ̫ҽԺ, ֪ܾ̫ҽԺûС

һ죺ʲôо裿ܾ⻰ҿͷһš

˵ֻȥʱҪˡ
лûʲô飬˵תߡ

ѧڼϽ, һоתߡ

Ȼ˵˺е̯ͬһ仰

лת

ΣҲ, ʥŮȻ˿ڣԸΪʥŮȥһʡʱʥŮϢ

л֪ԼҪȥʺʾ£Ҿ

뿪ĹлŷԼĶǺ
һ̲׷˵ʹµսսϱ׷ɱʱ϶ûгô亹

ĺһ˶˸

һϮصĶл˴ѱ˱ס
һֱڵʵô

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ӵͷ˫ţЩơ

лţӵɫֻеȵĺ絽Ľżϣ̲ס

ӺȻԼ½

лʧеӣ𡪡
Ȼֹ

ӰĽ££
ŵļ̣ůѸٰлںҹﶳЩ˫š


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Űůţ

ϵ֪Ѹٻָо¶ȣĵ»оһ𶯣࣬һ㼡Ľ¾ҵ

ô
ͷ

߳һͷл忴ѵͷ
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лǰôʮ־񣬲ǿء

ڹվãڻʺ˽˭࣬һһתл塣
л忪ʼһһµͷֻʣšȻšҲšˡ

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Ѿɿץӳĺۡ

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֪⿿ϴϢһ洭һ涢л塣
ܻΪʵʣ֪۾ӦһԼ⹳ܰл平ȫûһ⡣

л壺ɵ

Ƴˣ֪ﵱ̫ҽƼôˣԲԣ

֪˵ʱԶŵӣл屾ᣬҽ߸ĸģŲ˴̾˿ҩҽѰ·ҾȲ㡣

˭Ҫң浱ԼʥŮˣ֪ԣԼѡ·ΪΪҸƽֻһ··ֻҪԼ˲֪
Ѿ˺ܾãͲסʼץԼƤֱۡͷҲŹһѪ۳ϣȴͣ

л壬Һ㣡Ϊʲô㣿Ϊʲôѡϵ㣿
֪ѾںУȥ£оʣĿңңһʼѡңҵĸֱ㲻£ҲǸһֱˣˣսʥŮңһбҵģҵģ

Ŀȫǣǹ

лʵǿȥҪ뿪

ߣ
֪һץסл֣лܵһɼߵ¶ȣֱ޷ܴﵽĸ£ֱ֪ʱըѿ

߱ߣ
֪ʹشϢҺ㣬ĺ㣬ûͺˣû㣬ϲ˾ңʥŮҲҡ

˵źȻֿЦҲ̫ˣϵĺȫһ˶ռˣʥŮΣϲΣҪһȥźǸһˣ˵ҲҩأҪҪѽ

ˡл˦֪֡

ߣߣ֪Ϲ˵ڵϣߣл壬ֻˣߣ

ʱߵ
лһˡ

֪⻹ץŲţлҪ°ڴȴմѪִӻͳһ
һöi

iѰյĶС㣬ֽĺӣǰ֪õĶ

iл

ǴӱһϷ渶˸֪ӣȫֻʣʮʮöi

Ϊ޷ģ䷹
ϯ䱻·ɽɺһ䣬˵˼ҿ϶Ҫ
ϷȴֻiٺɵЦԺٷƣõġ
˵Żһ䣺飬ֹ

·ɽ

лϷսϳģǿͻɽ񲻿ɵ
û뵽ϷӲϿı飬ʱãνˮԼ˰ɡ

ʱлѾܼһЩƷҲ԰֪Ǹ߸ϵģϷⶫͲȥ

ȴû뵽Ϸ治ͳȥˣ֪⾹Ȼһֱߡ

ҰϵĴ֪iлģץл֣һҪһĴҴûϲԶԶģҿ;öģ 

ڳлûж

̫ˣ̫ˣôôĴ֪߽±ǧҪҡ

һִ˰֪ĺ
ִϻȥصشڵϡ




91.  ʮһ   ҩ


ŷһ, Ž

һλ֡

λлÿһϯ, λֶڻʺߡ

ֵʺҹͷ, ѵʥŮڴˣʺʥŮһ, ֪ʥŮԸ͹⣿

ԭҪǻʺ
лͷϵİ֪⡣

ʥŮģ˼ūԻֵ, ﻹڵʥŮ

лÿһμĻʺʢװӺݻ, ҹȴǸ⣬ʺżҳѣֻɵ˸, ֬δʩ¶Ѯʼ΢΢ɳڵļ, ȥ

л֮ǰ׼úһϷ, ͷεرʾԼΪ˻Ϊʺκ£֮ôô

һȫ֪ˡ

˿ǽҪͷлǰζŵȴǰ֪űӳѪ۵

˺һ񣬲ʺΪҪ衣

ΪҲ
л૵

˵ôһ仰֮, һֻСӵݵл
ͷһлϤ, ⻬Բ󣬵͵һ˿лƽʱŹ˵ζ

ҪĶô׵ظ㵽, лһʱԼ

ʱȰ±壬ҩ֮ô񣬵ҩֶ, ÷ǻɱ¾ǲ
ʺ̾ϢŮܲҩ֮Щҩ衣֮Լ֮ǲŪúĻ̻֮ʡҩףΪȰЩ£ٽһЩҩһ

ʺºͣȥΪʵ۵ĿԼ󹬵İġ

лصԼʱ򻹴żֻ㱡

֪ĺۼѾϴˣһͺһжûз

лһ˴˵ģʱȴ⹬տù֡

ʱһ졣

л弸Ƿɱȥ

ӽһأδվȣл˽Ļ

ϻմĺܿ켡͸лذԼ棬ɿ

壿

ѵͶͱ֮࣬Ҳе죬ôˣȻɫһ٣ǲڻʺ

ûУǡлͷǰƵģӣұһ

ӱҲر

ҹżţԶһƬȫ˯ˡ

лò̧ͷȰǿiӡ

꣬Ȼлһѣ˵лۣæס

ΪѹӵǸ֪Լ˱ˣǻţҲҪȥ¼ĸ֡

˵ţiðⶫȥϷǸġ

л壺
ԭӢĴ󽫾ҲӲʱ

Ǹл̲סӣĶϽûаĶǲὫ֮ʻҪҰiϽġ

iĶ΢΢һ٣תлϷ£㲻صġ

лҲ˵ԼǸʲô顣
ֻȥڴʳ֪紺֮һ

²˴ʱлóǿ裬һ߷֮ǰڻʺеΣһҽ±һ㣬ڱǼϸᣬϸֱеҩġ

ˣͿǸҩǸʲôҩԡ

Щ̧ͷͼһԣüͷ壬üһơ

ǲҲã̫ˣ

ӡšһ

Ҳ֣ԭڻǲһżҩ
ҩȫȽⶾҩҩⵤǶ֢Ӧġ

л廹ʺǲǰװͺ־û̫շӱƹǸҹʺʲôǰҲû

ѵ£
Ҳܰɣ

лʵ벻ס

¿²򵥣ʺԼʲôͼı˵ţлڻ£һ¡

Լ֪ӵˣлùۡ
عпһ˿ֻš

ӡлҲ¡

ôܲأ
롣

뱣ˣҪǰΣյĵط

*

յ֮ڽʱΪлϴ硣

һҹʵ۱ż߹ˡ

лҴ磬ͨ£ɢĨԴ³󣬶˶عµϣѩһֲմһ˿Ķ֮

ȻʥŮ
ʵޱ⡣

һҹŮҲ壬ȴδʥŮζ

ҩ
ʵ۷ԸȻ˫ַл壬صʥŮӣȻԵȻܵҩ֮ޱһţ׼޹֮Σ

ãл֮ã̴Ӧ
Ӧ˲ŷԼӦ̫һ㡣

⵹ʵˣ깫ܿҩһɫʺ죬һɫۺ졣

ʵ۰ʺɫҩݸл壬Ҫúøл˵һ˵ҩĺôſ˸ͷͼлһѽӹҩڱǼȥȥͳҽ䣬ǵģʼǿҩ

ʵͷһؼҩ˱ģ̲סҩǳԵģֱԾͷãҪп

лר־״δš

깫״ɤӣҪʵȰȰλʥŮ

ʵ۰ڰ֣Լ𽵹ߵлߣõģ̣ǾĪҪ˷ʱ˰ɣҩǲҲգԼǵǵɲһ·ɡ

лҩѴ¶ϸ֫ʵҲͲסһ§סл塣

лһԱ߻һвڣӲصݡ£ܲҪһ

ʵǼͣлᱧҪӣҪʲôҶ㣡Ŵػҩ

깫æҩ͵ʵǰʵȡҩ׼£лһǿҩҪ

ʵһֶžƱһֻֻͷƣ㶲ŷӦԼҩˡ

лҩ֣֮ǰҩŵһҩһգҲΡ

ѽʥŮҲ߯Ƥˣҩģ
깫ææعѻʵ۵ҩûȥ

л£ҩж

ʵ׼깫ķͷһ١

깫ɲ˵ʥŮҩ

·ҩ˰ɣǲǾԼʱȣͷߣ꣬鸡˫Ŀ족

ʵ۵۾΢΢
깫Ϥʵ۵ı飬һлĻﰡʥŮ̫ҽ½ҹﲻҽģ죬ĪҪñ¾õȡ

סڡʵۺȵȻл壬/Ѵȥл˵ÿһ㶼֢״˵

Ǽôҩò˶ãԽԽأͷʹҲᷢøʱ˫ĿʹĿӣ֫ܶڻˡ

֪ʲô۾֮ʵ۳صԺΪƽ˵Ԫ棬ӯֻҪз£ɴ;磬֮

лԼѾ֪˻ʵ۵Ƣԣ˵ʵȫϣԼʵȴǽŵúܡ

ҩģٷһʺ裬һѰ衣

뿴ö˱ǵ裬ԺΪơö裬ֻлʺŵùõֻз»ʺ裬ܻҩĵҲνġԵ
лԵǼ٣ûʺԵ档ֻе˻ʺ裬ҩܻ

ʵö裬粻˵ģ߾ȫǻʺˣǲǣ

¶ʥϣҲҶԡл˵ţʣµҩҩʺĵδ⣬±ضɥۺĲһҩ˶ԣ˴鲪벻ⶫ÷อΪһˡ

ʵҩȻסлĲ˭ˣ˭ָʹô

ʵθߴ󣬷֮һһΰţ־ȴþˣлͨ죬µҪô
µĻҲ˵ˡ

ʵ۵ڲѪ˿·ҪѪǵԵ֢״Ժе£ȴɾԼ˻Ҫš
ʵ۵ıŭʵ۵ϲŭ޳ʵ۵ɫߴǰУҩЧļӳԽԽʧأҪ˶ãʺ̫ӾͿջһ޷Ŀܡ

ֻϧЩȫûл˵һɲǼֻ뵽һ¡ʧˣԼ˱ľУû뵽ᱻס޷ȱ

ǻʵԼ뵽һУлΪԼᱻôʱ򣬻ʵۺȻɿ֡

лһȣίڵأƴϢ
֪Ǿ仰˵ˡ

˵ûʵ۵ıԱ˽ԶǰԼڵһλɴɱŹֻҪȼʵ۵ģʺΪһ޷ȥ

ˣʵ۴ȣȥʺ

깫Ӧһūּ
һδˣʵһߵǽǣҩι޳Եİɣڣ

żš

ле֡
ʵ۵ĴڣȻҲӦڵǡ

ʵ۵ɫ䣬ȻһѴ򿪵š

лԽʵ۵ıӰȥֻȷʵڵ⣬гʣ׼˵ڵĻʵۡ

мóһʺ̫ӵ֣ӯӯظһ

űټδ¾ú򣬾ˡʺϻ¶һӺݸ߹Цݣʲô£ܷԸ檰ɡ




92.  ʮ   ߱

ʵ۲Ȼŭ, 㡪ǣʲô

ĪաԱڵ壬ջ, Ԧġ
ʺһº, Ҫʲô򵥵ú, Щ¡ֺ󹬣ֳ̫鳼̫Ӷô, »ʲôŲģ뾡ܷ·̫Ӽλ֮, һὫ׵ھȪ֮£Ҳᰲĵġ 

̫Ҳʷ, ʵϲöһֱǵúʵķһ̩ʵۻҪ⣬ϲЩǸᡣ

󣡡
ʵҧг, ͷֱ, ۿҪѪ

ҩ;ɫͿյ޷ķŭʵ˻˻Σϰ깫Ѿȥ˻ʺ, ˳ʺĹ, лֱ򴰱ȥҲû

̫ӿлЦ
뷭
̫ˣѱΧˮйͨ, ˵ǸˣֻӬɲȥ

һƿѩĵӴð

л岢ûĴ, ɤӴУ졪

ɵˣ̫ҲһĪʲô

ʺü졣

ִлһ㣬һһ溰ջӲˣһֻС㱻ץ챻ʵʵ

Уʵ۱û˶࿴һۡ
ʵǰһ󷢺ڣסܲǿסԼ˫Ŀ죬ŭǡôңǻʵۣ߱

¿ɲų檣ô߱ʺ󵭵ǱʥŮܴ󽫾ָʹ֮ʱд˱¡檵Ѷÿ۷֮»һɱʥŮȻŲζǰ̫Ӽλ󽫾߱ı֮󽫾߱߱زݣ¾һΪ±ġ

л壺
˵ôô׾͵أԭʺ

㡪ʵȫָŻʺһѪ˳

ʺ󣺡£ôĵǶǹǿ󣬻ȡĻλһ㣬Ķǻɱ̫˳ļߣҪѷǸļٻؾ̫ӡưڲô꣬ұһµòã

ʺ˵ţ֣ӹһеĵȻѵݵ̫

ʵԵľ֡

ʺޣ˽ˡ

εجμĿģĶۣŵ

ڣµجγˡ

̫ӵĵ𣺡ʣ˵ϻλΪĹӲڸϥ̶ܽ꣬һֱ񸸻ʽ̻壬øһԶϻλɡ

Ȼһ
һƬҽ֮

̫һ
ʵĸû˲Ϥֲĺ

һ˲ѣľмɢֻȻ޳ڵС

ޣ
ʶˡ

ֻĿȷһֱл塣
ץлһһһһҧż˦˳ȥ
Ȼֻ޴ëŹлߣʼл

лͳĲ˵λڱˣҪ

ֻôʺɫҲˣ˭Ƿųģ

Ȼл塣
֮ѡΪеĻԺϡĶһ

ֻʱᱻιʳĹ˻ᡰСġš

Եסֻޡ

ԭл廹е㵣ڴڿڹŵɳϵѪԶˡ

ӽѪڵϲҽвѣʣµ㼯սսյֶڶ

ʺȥ

ȻϾһĲҽУ

ʺһֱׯӺݣǸ߱ĹҲȻϸһȴҰޱĲҺ

л˵лѣæʼֻ޽̧ȥʱסˡ

һѵͱ̫ӵţڻʵ۵
ʵһƣ̫ؿӿѪ˻ʵһ

ϡ洳֮ʱʮֻңлֻǵõʱʵѾ̫ӱƵ˴ϣ̫ӵҪն£ʵѾվסš

˭Ҳ֪ʵζ̫ӵĵһƬ֮УѾͱ̫ӵѡ

̫죬𾪣Ȼû뵽Լһ֡
ֻϧһҲû˵ֻѪڴڵӿ

ɱޣ㻹˵㡣ʵĨĨϵѪֱһѳ˵

̫һֻյĲصȥ

ʶ
ʺȥס̫ӣ˻ɱɱ

˭ңʵ۴һ߱ߣɱ⣡

һ⡱ָոأٿȻһ죬һ֧˻ʵ۵š
ʵۺһŵؿؿڵļʸ

ˡ
ſڣڣĹ׼˵ڡ

Ҳƾʺ̫ӣԼĶӶŁXʰ䵱ˣ

ǻʵۡ
ʵ˻˻ΣڴϣػڵأԲ˫Ŀͨ죬ǡ

ʵ֣ۡû˵ԴᵹڼϣҲûж

ʱˣ
л׼ʱϺıϣһкĶӡ
һ򴰿ڳȥ

䣡ʺڣ

ڼ귢л弱æץסĲúͷ
ڶں˵ת㣬һʱת굱ͷצٵأ໽С

ںߵϡȻһԾںϣѺԼϵл嵲ʵʵ

һʸܼ죬ϡӴȻء

ϡ棡
лһ

䣡
ʺȡ

ڶּӿл弱æź

һʮȣ̴ʵؼӲһ޴Ķơ

һʱ죬ȴϡ

Сء죬˳޵ҰԱ˳ҪأҪȥЩ˺á

лקźУȥͻ
ǣֻݻƬ̣ǵ

͸ķ϶ѾһǰƣƵļ϶ͻĵ棬һԾߵƶɱƽ

лͷ졣

ֻһͷҪҲܶ

ȻԴӺ洰ȥؼң֪𣿡л
ֱƵ硣

ʺҪֻҪһֻ޵ȥû˻⡣
صլʿһʱȥҷӡ

ʲôأ

ǽͷлȴ޷Ƶ

ԭƻҹʵۣʵԻᴦûʺ̫ӡ
Ӵʱ֣ܳƲϵ

ʹĺΣհл룬ûһ˻ᰴơ

ͶɵķѾƽ磬лһֻɿһֻ硣

ܰɣ

ܱǸ
ңڻĮɽⱼܣڴ

ɲ֮ӿᣬھΣǺڡ
Ҳڴʹɡ

ǣҲڡ

лǴһ˿Ц⣬

Ȼ¡

ɱ
ʺ

ͷȻһ죬微Ȼһȱڣ˴ȱԾ£ǹɨǧ񲻿ɵɢ˶ܵ

ӰлԱߣһסл֣

Ƿӡ
ȫףýӢ䣬ϻɢűĺůʵĶƣлǰ

лԼĻعλ

Ĵ󽫾ˡ
Ҳûʲô˺




93.  ʮ   Ϊ

󽫾߱, 񼫣ɱ⣡
ʺǷˣе

лһ˹ұ, ļ׼ͷӡ
ոշµһ˲ôҲֻһ, ǹƥôĶ֣

Ӻȵ˭ң
ڷ·нʯ֮Ϻ֮, 洫Ҳֵط, Լһ֧Χˡ

֧Ÿ죬д̴, д۵ģȥƺԸеĶС
һͳһɱ֮ڸϵĲͬ, ҹɫûдѣҲûзһ˿, ֻг, ɭĹ⡣
֧һѵһսϱǧٴεĵ

л־ϲȻ

פɽôͻȻ֣

ǻʺʡʺΪһ첼˺ܾãΨһı, ҵͶ˴󽫾, ӻܴֻ˵һ¡ҵĸûܵסӡ

춯֣ɱǣʺ˻е, ǲܻ

л׻ʺ˼޷ģֻҪͷʲôͷԡ
, Ҳ˲ɱеӺһΧ֮ǰ㹻Ļɱ

л΢΢Ȼ͸еֱսˡ

ʺҪٹٵɱ𣿡

ٹ٣
лһ㶡

ɢ߳һȺˡ
ڻʵ۵ϯϣлٹԱʱһûдٷûдñ˴ԼǴӴϱģۻˡ
лȫϲ˭˭ֻƼͬһ

ʺȻϵá
Ϊʺɫ̱ˣúѪɫ԰
̫ʱ򣬻ʺɫûôѿ

лú֣ΨһĶԼǰʺȻQȴȫûжҡǣȻָɱʵۣɱʥŮ
ʱٹһʺȴң˶ӻҪġ

л֪ڻʺ˵̫ˣĹģ̫
Ϊʺ󻹿Դйһ¾ҲΪλȨص̫

Щ͢سһʺͼıȫ

ʺɲǼӿַɫ̫ӵʬ壬еżżɱǣ

ʺϣ߱λﵱɱΣֻҪµǹұ̣
ӸλˣҷڴˣϵϵֻʣʮһӷһˣλҷϽɽʮһӼλ

лվ󣬿ÿҲ֪䣬ŷ

Ȩıֶһֱ治ף־ֻңȫûйϸ롣

ֱʱŷӵıӰŷӵЩô¡

Ѿ˻ʺı£ӦڷʱλãҪĹԱǳ嵽⣬߱Ļʺ̫һ򾡣ȻΪͷʢĻӣ̳лλһͳ¡

Ϊʲô
лڲȫڲһ仰˵꣬ǰ䡰Ҫںứӿ

ӻסл壬ƽһΪ

лֻССһš
Լĺ󱳵εĶơ

뷢ҲʵʵסһҲ䵽ϡ

㲻ܡ
л޵˵ȫƫƫȫöֻ̾Ϣһôôܿأ

ˡӱᣬ壬Ҿܺá

ǰкܶΣӶ֪һİڼµǰʱһ飿
ˣһȻȻ飬Ҫ˼Ҫǣűǡ

ܺá
һΣֵΪ㵲ˡ

лһӵһ̿ˡ
ŷӵҰģģ
ޱᣬޱ

ӷԾµʱΪġ
ȴ֪ûѣϡ־޶ܡ
ġ

һһ

ӡ
ӣ˵Ⱳһˣ±ӿԼһԸ±Ӻһ
лкö໰˵һĶѣɺͷʣ֣һҲ˵

ֻż⣬ϷӵĴ

ż
ʺߺȡ

߸磡ҲڴУµṇ̀ûʺߣ

أ
û뿪ʱͷһ޺

ڿʼԥ

ʺڴߴ٣ЩȫǽһģǻΌ
ȻڴʱȻ˵ʺļʱȻˣӹ֮ѵҪä𣿻ѻʺ£

ʺŵؿŵ˵ˡ
ҵμ

ڼƻУӦסӣû뵽Ӱľ˾ǣһ䡣

̵ת˵⣬˻ʺϡ

ʺԼɵޱΪ⣬ɻʺӡ

ĸ̾Ϣ˵ܶˣ岻þҪЪϢ財Ҫң

˴ףٹĿá

ԱҲ׷׸͡

ʱǸŻʺ翹˵ζλңֻǴʱ˿̣ķӾͻɡ

ûʺȡ˳ֱϵİ

л廹ڽŵƣѾ͵˷ӵĴߣ״ͷ
ȴסӵǲʲôûꣿ

лһ̧°ͣȥ

л䡱һŻˡ
ʱôˣ
ȫȻղ¡

˽ʰо֣˰ѻʺѺȥٹǰ˵ʵ۵ǰʹޡ

л屻ӱڻ꣬ͷεģһ𴭲

һ߽ˣĵ߸磬ɫ׸һɻġ

ӸһҲ֡

лȴƿΪһֱҧл½ǣлϡ

лȥԼҽ䡣

ϡȫ¶˼Ƥ񣬸ĮǵëͺʵЩֺóԺú˹һëһձ̺ж˲ʸӿȥȻеˣȴûܵˡ

ʱƼΧԼת˷ܹͷվл˼ǣԴһᣬˡ

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һڣһҹȫ⣬ǵȻú֡

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֮Իһʺ, Ϊһһ»ʺ

һĳŮǼãȢ˽ҳŮһ, ܵõҵ֧, ӵĵλȹ̡

л֣ú, ΪһҶ֪ǰӵǻĵһʺλûа취, λҶȻΪסڰеĵλ˿ȡҳŮ޽ҲֻǸ, Ӧû˿ﵽ㿴ɺã

лô, 鷳඼ûˣ㰲Ļ̫ҽԺϰҽ, һ滹Ҫϡ, ʱҪȥտļλڣӹæµȫûԵġ

Լǻ޸ӵģû, ӵӱǻʺ

һ, ŷֲԣԭ޸Ӳһǵʺ󣬻пǵ

лһã, Ҳûа취, æľأһпձضҪл壬ֻǳԸֻ˵仰ߡ
鲻ס˭ܰͷϡ

˭ǻʹǻʵأǲҳŮΪʣ̱վԷӣһɱǡ
Тιһûܿס
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лˣҪҴСΪ󣬻λرȣҲر̫ƽΪ󣬽ұҪʹȻλҲðǲǣ

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ӱ£ںأҺͰӶ㣬һ˿ίصҳŮҪʺģǴҹ㣬ҼΣҲǶׯŵ˶֪ԼΪҼ޽ԴסҪհ÷磬˼һ

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ֻǷӽչлȴûڵµµ̨ϣ˫ֱϥǣһ

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Ȼȥǰһŵлر

һŷֲԾϼֱûһøƵġ

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δеǻ䣬ʵѾˣȴԽǰҪƷ۷ģֻһذԲ춬ۡ

˵Тڣ߰ߴ֮ȴǻصŮɽӪôô

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˵ʲôлסˣǲԼĶˣҪһߣǻʮһӣ𣿡

»ңΪϽ֡ûλһҺò׶䱦ߡ
˵̾˿ⲻ֪λ˵Ǹ鷳ڳϺ͸·ĶǣҸԸִ񣬵ƽС߽

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ֻ˵ͷ뵱ʵۣлʵ»λ뵱ģ

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лָץŷӵ½һʱΡΡ³һ֣á

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