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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


1.  1   

ҹĻϡ¹͸֦Ҷʯϣ紵Ҷɳɳ죬ڸǲסƽ

һŨŨѪζʮͥԺУезɭɭ⡣
ϵѪϵ䣬ʱִü۷Į

ֹӣĪҪʶȤ㽫˱Իһ

ƾǣ
ʱ΢΢תгһסӣϵڵأһ

䣬ԺҲ
ʮ䵽ԺУЩΧס

ԺнţȥԶʮҹµİӰҹɫ£ͬȡ



賿ʱ˳꣬ɽϿ£ЮŻľζ
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ܽߣС̾˿ﻹһ˯š

СѾͷ۵ĵǣջߣͷһ̾ġʱ꣬ȹʱˡ

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˵ǡ

ɽ£һͬɽ
Ǹո뿪ɽŴٴγּˡ

ͷɽѰżǺҹ˴޼Ǻš

ɽҵӡ

ҹǴ⣬벶ȸں
ǹʲôһѴ̡




2.  2   ÿ

ѮɽʱѣŵÿЪ

վڴǰĵźˮʵôˣʲôʱѣ⼸ճʳʲôҪɿڵģ

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صԭ㲻װ




3.  3   

ƣʯϣողײĻֻµĻ
һĥѡԵЩɰɣ꣬СǸǸܿˡģһúչģ

СﲻڿŻã·ںһƢĺӡ

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4.  4   

һЩӲǵеغϡ

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Сգգ۾ûסһ顣

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ת˲һּգС˫ۣ·һֻԡè䡣

ʱ˱ˮƹȥСں꣬Ȼʣ׵ò𣿡

ʲôز

ʱһЦ󣬡Ұ㻭㲻ˡ




5.  5   ͻ

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С鲽ʱ󣬿ߵǰֽһᡱ֡

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忴Ǹᡱ֣Цֺһʼҵĸо

躮ɭȻɱ

أ

ڰŵʺܲϡ

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ɫͣһ˫ںڣͦ͸ŵķɫ

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񡣡

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ԴϵϣûЩģʱҲûС

ԣΪЩʺϵġ

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סɽϣլֻүһҡ

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ж͸㡣

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ʱֽǰ˫Ű
ʱǰϤİ΢΢üҵӣң




6.  6   ı

ǣǣ弱죬ȷʵӣǣǡ㿴

չ¶һǡ
ԭؾİһ滨滨ףۺ죬һǾֲۡ

ʱ΢ӡ
ҹȥַҹգϲʲôԭΪ

㣬㲻ϲ𣿡̽ؿʱɫȻϲŭ

СЩˣӵգԲ𰡣ҲšҪǲϲĻңȥѰһͬӻ㡣

ֻǾԼЩʲôӱ뵽ϸ룬ȷʵЩò

вʱһ죬޳ָקסӣгߡ

˭˵Ҳϲģϲ

̧ȴüۼȾǳǳЦ⣬š

Сһϲͺá
˵꣬۾ؿǸָֽ֪òʡ

ʱĿ⣬ֽ̧ߡ
ֽζøųζ

С̲סʳָССָֽ⣬ҵ𣿡

¡

ո˵ҪҶֻֽ岹

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żĹܽʱĸйپͺ˴롣

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ûУ͸ҵģҵȻҪ㡣Сֱ׳

ʱոյı飬̲סЦ
Ц⳩죬ʱЦݣβ΢Цࡣ



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7.  7   

ɨ֣ɳɳ졣
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˽֣ﶬ·磬ҡƿڣƱ磬ͷϵĻۣǲҪ˵Լģ



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ǰһ˼סֱֵۣܽǰæ

Уʱǰ̧һߣһ˵Ѵ
һסһ˵ֱۣһۣɫ


ʱ䣬ȴŹɲΥ

ֻʺˣﶬ߷ߵؿʱ
ģ΢΢һֽܿǹϤ֮Ժ󣬡㾹ҵˣ֪Ҹ˭

ʱطʣ֪˭ݵŮ˿񡣡
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ﶬǰޱˣЩԺ
Ȼɴ۾пһ

ƫʱ˰˵ɷΣ˭۸Ů




8.  8   л

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˯ɵ߳ţǻ֮ʱкЩ˴Ǳ߳

̧һ䶫̧˺ü
µǰդλ

Щصͷ
µҾ񣺡︮£ۡ




9.  9   

︮¹վһߣС̧ӽԺһ

忴С˳ı֣ЩãȻ
ʱ߳︮¿Ͻ񣺡ֹӡ

šʱӦһǼӣǡ

︮ش𣺡֪СΪЩ˵ĹƻɷΥʹʹˣܵ˺档Сǰ񡣡

ԣѹ
︮¿ڿͬﶬʱһԽȫƵϡ

ﶬµʱҲ벻ף
ʹµ˲ʱûʲôԺյݱﶬֻ᲻᲻ΣֻóҪĽۣ

뵽ЩĬԡ
︮˵ЩʲôûעֱԵʵôˣ岻𣿡

һ̧ͷʱĿ⣬Сҡҡͷֿ£ǸҸոû˵ʲô

ûǹⲻ
︮ס뷨ֵͷЦŵɷҪСʮ

һӦǹµɷŰֻǣλﶼѿϴ֮ҲáŰܲܡ

ֹ︮ȴˡ

ִܶﶬû뵽ġ

Űﶬµͻˡ
˵Ĺң˭˸Ҫ

ԲںΣܲԼŮ

Ժоģż紵Ҷɳɳ
崹صŰˡ

︮һϲ

ʱ壬С۵ײЩ
룬üĿһ̧Ҳܾôˡ

︮¿佱ĻȻֹ

Ƕ˸дһݻڹ飬ǩֻѺﱣܡ֮ǰּһۡ

ʱֿšºﶬʵʵ˶ʮӣжѡƽʱһݻڹܼ򵥡
£дһּ˿۲еĻڹ飬ĥˡ

ݻڹҲһѱﶬպЩʲôصõš

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︮Цţҷ

︮Щ뿪ʱӶᵽ
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ҽƾһʱ֮ҪŰֹ뿪𣿡

岻ɵ׽֮ٵ˼
ǸһգõĽ



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Զϼ⣬ǳðӣûҪ硣

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ϰкõƬ߲ˡˮ͸㡣

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ں꣬һ̧ͷǱж
Ц̧ͷʱ߹ңң֣׼

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ʱ˱ȥȡоƱ

岻ĵʱǳȻһЦСӲܺȾơ

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Сûпգ˵ҪˣҪһԶٷ
ԭΪҪɽԣȴ˵Ի

£ְæ
СԺڣ̻ƣҲ֪˭ġ

ʱ˿ֱߵľƣһոµĿӡ
ճһ⣬۾Ȼ˵졣

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СϽ֣סؿˡ

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ίʱܵ·ոʲôû

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һ˫ӡֻʱ˫ӣմմƣЦҪ𣿡

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СʹҡͷЩµؿǾơ

ô㣬ôô
ѹողȣ

θУϺüƬõýϡ

ֿһĻֶһۣЦ
һҪʱͳһϼƣܽõĹƻ˰׾ơ

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СûȹƣһԲٶȡ

ҹˬһٻ꣬⡣
ЩԳţϣЩ붯

Ǳֺȵе࣬˵ģһֽܽķٲң׷Ҵ
Ҳ˲٣ڻ

ѣķʱ
СЩɢؿαͷƬǿա

ʮʱʱȻվԱߡ
ۺЦ⣺֮ǰӦҪһѽǵ𣿡

Ȼǵá
С۾һ˲

ʱһֱں棬۾ض
ʱһЦóĶ

̴ľϿŷ׷ɵһ꣬弤ش򿪺ӣĽ

ᣬҲ
ϵʢŵһ½ʣ溮һ

ѧϵĶˣ˼£սʱȻֽ˿һԲεͼ
СսϸһüĿһҵ֣㻭𣿡

ţϲ𣿡

ϲ

СŽеʽȥ衣
ʱһԿţʱͶȥĿ⡣

һ°ɫۣվͬһ

忴üۣ̲סС鲽ܹѽʱУһ

ûϰ䣬ʱͬ϶ܺÿ
СεʱͷһЦὣߵԺС

¹Ҳһ⡣
壬ὣע⿴

䣬ǲ˲䱻һƿУߣ任޶ˡ
Ҷת˲ƴ󷽡

Ŀתؿţܽͣ½ŲҲȥ

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СʱӦܿ죬ֵһ

Ƶ˽ңʱƬ̾ͽ֮䡣
ֽ»˻Σһȣڵϡ𣬷˳ɵšⴲ

ܽЦǰϣҲЦ

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ǵȻǹµһƵĳڵϷ˸䡣

С͡Цϸǹ⸡
ʱһЦʡ

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СԸʵúܡ

ʱԣȡ壬ȻŵϣҲġ




10.  10   

崥һ룬һ׭֡
ϸ˺һȻַ˻ȥ

СҡҡͷƻʱǱߣҲҪ

Ϊʲô

գֵƣ϶вһ塣ҲաϿҵػش
ֵٰͣӦϲġ

ܶ

治գʱƻȥ
СּҡҡͷĿƿ

ʱ壬ջأһ
Ȼվߵǰȥ

СһʱҪվ
ʱ̧ʾţŵУ˵ûҺҪ˵˵Ƕּ˺Ҫ

СδʹǺݣǼ¹Ҳûʡ

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վ⣬ڵС˵ֹһҪߵġ

С￴ú͸һİˣİ˵ľˡ

㲻ʣס£Ҫ֪ʲôˡ
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Ĭãסǿ壺ã¡

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һ£ֽ˻ȥЦû£͸͸ȥϢҲˡ

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һϣһգۣۿ˲ʪ

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ǣǲҪ˰ɡ

Ƽˮ꣬һȻܿˡ



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ԺУżʱվߣͷʲô

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Ϧ£ɫƲ໥صƲƯһİƺΣš

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ţҪˡ
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һֱߣһֱߣֱ߽δͷ

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һһ򿪣֣ʣһֽŵǸʽǹ

һ߿ޣһֽ߲һǡ
̼ζʱǻЩ³

һʹһĨᣬίίصᰡôôᰡΪʲôһްҶôã۰ء

޵󣬴Ŀ޲ˣСһͷԵͷϣᣬ˯˹ȥ

գӡ
۵۾ڴرߡ

ؿֽͣһҲûʲô뷨ֻǾš

Ȼܽš

үˣ




11.  11   ȥ

үֵã˳ϽЦӭǰˣ˯ú𣿡

嶥һ˫ͨͨ۾۵׵ڰƤ۵úܡ

꣬ЩΡ

ҲԼ㲣񣺡˸á

ãһ˲ô񡣡
ʾ׼õĻ⸱ӣֵ˼
غյ裬Ҳ

С尡֯û ɽҲס£ǲǸûȥˣ

Ų豭һ̧ͷԣϽ⼸աֻһֱסɽϣҺĸǲġңǰ¡

Ǳ̧ȥģֿۣ֡
Ҫ鷳ʱ˵һȹȥŵҲٺ

ʲôݣǵͷϣ񻹸﷢衣׷ҲˣҪ׷ԼŰ죡

ʱҪѰ鷳սľ˼գȴȻõʱɽϢ

һʱͿ˵ˣȥҪԺҲڣȷʵù֣뷣ҾšЦǺǵص·²Ů

ֻôһŮȻǧٳ衣ͬ檣жŮҲ۳ӡ
´£

ˡ

ǣȥģҶˣԺҲɨɾˡʲôҪ󾡹ᡣ

һѻҲȥͣٺȲĹ򣬵һȥҪٵȼա룬ٿҺĸסĵط

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˵úȥ˵þһ

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ˣ
һЦݹҲסˡ

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լգδʡ

ҲǼ棬żȥԺĺɻߡ
︮оɫ֣ΨкɻĽɫҶء

һƬҶԶϷҶˮƯ
ȻˡһһʯҽˮУˮ顣

˵ţ㵲ҵ·Ͻ

ʮһСȴΪ˵˼ֿ̱

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Ϲܲסֲҹһ첻µزµӡ

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񣬸еûסС

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ü˦űǰưҵ·֪Ǹ

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һ˵ˣˣǸ

ܽԣᳶ˳ӣЦЦؿӣǸأ

Ǹеıӿɲۡ
һ˦ޣһӡ

忴һǱӣȻЦǵÿûˡ




12.  12   

ЦſӣӲЦпм
üҪӳˡ

һԤϵˣ֣Ѹǰһס޵һͷ
ӣ㵱Ҫ˺֣

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ӷȥȰԲܷ֡
ҿ϶ֻҪһ֣ӱҪϡ

˽֣˭Ҳȷ֡

קһˣյ÷죬Ǳӻڲͣ˵ĻҲԽԽ
ܽԼҹ˵ǰæ

һӵС˲Ϲۡ
˫ƴųޣͬһκӱ

澣ͬһ۸ҡպ󲻽ϳȥ

˵Ҫעִ磬ʲôʸҵˣ

ҲҪҪЩ³ק

ӿü

ֵ̫ãСĥͨ죬е
ߵĶҲ˵ע⣬ЩѾСܹһʱæҲǣҲǣֻڱȰš

ͱСүƽˣϾС
԰Ͼ곤һЩЩСү

Щ˵ĻѪѹ߬ӣȻƴһǱ߾һġ

ӵŭԶ沨ԡ
Ȼһ뵽ʲô͵طſӡ

һţС˽ŷſ
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һģŲںɻıԵһŲͻˮС

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

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οһæһˮ

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ҩ۵οִˮֻ¡

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С̺ᵹһ࣬ΨҹɺعţǺ



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һ򲻻¶˾õ¡иܵڶŭ

ﲻԸ뿪¿ūլǳʲô£Ҳüʱ֪ͨǡֻū빫ӳά

ʱţһ磬¥ȥĮִЩ٣ȥլ

δɢ̣ջٴʧС




13.  13   

˯ҹʵòУקǴӣסԼ
جج˯һҹ˿ʱЩ㱡

ܽͳֳü

建ӦԴ뿪ڣȴɤӸɬʹڵɳơ
ȥɡ

ĶͷȻһƬ̡
ܽȥд򣬿죡

ܽ年סӣСصҪþ֪¡

ҵɵڻЩʲôȥ򣬹϶µġ
ܽȥ

ֽ屧УӸ¡
СյеͿһ˵ȣӡ

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һ߰ο壬һ⡣

˰ʱżܽź
ܵܽϢźȥ

ôô
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ô
ڷȣ辡ȡҿҩ찾ҩ

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ȵĻҲûʲô
ܽԽԽףſ뵽˵Ǿ仰

Ҫþ֪¡

ԣþˣܰ

СѾͷܣֺûס
ܽȥķԼµܽҪʲô

յͨ壬˲ͷϵ亹̾ǹĴҴˡ

Ϊһܹ̾ȥֻôߡ



ƵһҹصС
δվĸյ£Դ֮ȫǶӵƫ̻

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ת뿪ǰԶٿͣ

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ô

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أȥȡүһˣҾŶʱȴݷ

ҪЦѯСˣܹ𣿡
Сҡҡͷ˼һӲͷƤȥὨ飺ҪҰֹһˡģҾԲĶǶʲôȥ

С

һ٣ҲʹҲֹ֪ӵĶأҪһҳ㡣ܹ鲻á

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ӻ⴫ԶһУ۸ס

ݸ㣬ĸߴվǰѹʮ㡣
۾ָ㣬㣬㡭

ʲô㣿Զӿ֣лҩζʮ㣬װɵӣСʲô£š

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ʱ߹ʱ䲻صԭǱôԴҵľˡ

˼ȴӲоһɺֱĵס

ܽ·˺ܿ쵽Ժӡ
ʱԶվԼܿ塣

ղǸС˫Ŀսڴϣüͷúܽ
ߵߣС㲵ݡ

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İѣȻֱһ˫ֱȥ̰ͼǷ⡣

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岻Ϸſӿֵ֡

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СίòУӣʱֱø

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á

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Զһ߳ӣԺŴ˹

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ԶʱûǹɻȻȴ˵úܡ
ԶЦһˣ

ԶһȥϢѸٴ϶С
δԲߣʱûʸǵļ¡

ˣүϽȥ

һݣʱԶ࣬ɫѿλ
棬һԵӹñֱ

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ĵãҪڡ

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ҪӦǣüһ󲮣ǵļ£ô˵ʲôʲô֮£СҲдȣӶСЩͺˡ

СأΪǷǵûУԶ

һƣ˵Щʲô

ʱвյ΢ء
˾һֻϣ׺ȻǳǳһЦٶүȺ˹Ů

ڽ𶼣ӣû˼ҸҪ




14.  14   

լſڣӣ
ү㲻ܲӶӶȥҪĥӶӶСܵǰƶ˵Ҫջɽҩүүɡ

޵£ҲŵòУ

˦˺üΣû˦
˿Žֱվżǰͬһɷ

תͷһ죬ٶҽҲߡ
һֿ޵ȴˡ

ӼãԼߵűߣקסӣ޺޵صһҪߣҲԹԡֻǴ˴³Ǵң뾡Ӹ߱㣬ĶᾡңҲ᲻˸УȥǱ㡣ǧҪڹ

˵꣬Σ
εã޲ְ뿪

˺һŷӦӵĻ

ʼգһһʱȫΪ£

ˣһſڣЩ赹
סĨſҶԡ

һѹģŭ

ԶҲ߳ôһء

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Χܲ͸磬СﱻһӣֱԶլӡ

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£ССһţʱּ䣬תȥ

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ϽȥһۣתЩųʽ֮¡

ԶʵܽѾͷ֪ͨҵġѾͷȻһڹ

Ǹոλô£

ݿɲ򵥡նڣҲܽС

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ոذã֪٣ȥ·֪ܽȥ

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ɡ

ûʲôǡңҴ˿ֻ²֪ʵԶǵ֮

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ԶԶŵ˿ɲҡһɨӣ߶뿪

Զüֻ׷ȥ

ͷϴӡ



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ӵеĹӣһؿ絽ʱߣüŪ۵ؿ˵ȥӢ۾ˡ

ʱһۣڡ
Ͷˣˣǻ̸°ɡ

չصͼָһ߷壺ôãüĿˡ

߷Աעšɽ֣ʱΧɽƣȷ

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ѡһҡҡͷ˽Կǵ졣ôʵһˣҲ¡

ʱͼȻܴòģҲôʶ˲塣

Ҳԣͬصͷ٩ϾһĹˣܼҴȥһС£ֲ֡

ʱīչֽ
Ѳ׷ֹӣ˼ҿо֮Ҫ

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⡱һ̵ڡ
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δ˵꣬ʧ

ʱҡҡͷдţĸչãǰ

ǰһԹ¿ϷϾ״̰޹Ӹ˰ƵǼ

ʥŭʱͻǰ顣
ʱ˽²ܻ̽˱뱻ݣ̿͡

ҹһ̿˱ܶߡ
ǰȥץ밵ҹŵڶɱ֡

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ʱˣɽϣѡ

Էһ֮ơ
ʱȲһ£ֻδ֤˷ȷˡ

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ʥϰ참˵뿪ʱû͸¶١
ֻ¶ĸߵˣ֪ˣд֪ͨ

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дҪԭҲΪ¡

ĸ׵˼Ҫؾ

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һǰ

Ƚˣȵʱ֣΢Щ
ϴ꣬ţһҩ

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űӺһҩøϽڡ

ֹˡ



ˮŲƿ߽
ʱһ£һֽ

嶢ֽ˲




15.  15   ȡ

˫ضʱеֽ̧ͷգգۣ򴽡
϶һɴڵθĿɬζҲƮɢȥҩζ

ʱųȣߵߣֽʱɿ

ллЦŵл

Ȳֽһ
˿˿ζڸǹҩζ۽꣬һԵ

СһһԵĸʱһգͷȥͼʱıӵһԵϡ

㻹δţ˶ԡ

ٳһ
Сͼּۻۣεʱֻҡҡͷ

һǸѽ岻˵عԲ˵

ʱüƢһ
룬ȥ˸棬ϣֽݵǰһ˵

˵
ϲЦտؽӹسһ棬δ

ʱ˿ͷŵֽݹȥʵ㰮𣬲𣿡

ˮȵһ룬ЩǺ
һһģͷ϶ᣬҳٶҲۡ

С϶ֻ۵вزס顣
ʱᡰšһҲ֪ûš

غ裬ݸ豭ʱ̲סǿҵǳ

ʱһЦ۱áۣʳҪ

вв

΢΢ۿл˵

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ȻһѸٵͷ̫ҿʱ

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ҪһңҪΪһߣһ۸ߡ
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СץűɿǻõģȻڴʱ䶨

ΪĻ˶á

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ֱݺյþ˰ᵽصϢ
ʹԣ¶ġ

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˲ᣬָ

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ţϾˡ
ʱס󣬷ŻرҴҴӡ

Сۣܿƽ
ʱȻ˯գŲ߳ҡ

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зĸ׵ţûô˵

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ֺֻܽţ߶

ֻܷЩζȻ

ȥ
ܽȻ˷ָܵܽ档

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ʲôԺӡ

Ժӣǰ档죬ȥǰ档
ܽһ²ˮߡ

߶߶ԼȥҲġ
ߵü죬ʸ߹ȣһĿյء

ֻСһһڰӡ
ʱվԱߣۣһͦΡ

СǰЩӣⶼʲôѽ

ʱһݲӣѲӵݹȥⶼĶ

ҵģ
Ȼʣӹӣϸϸġ

ܿ죬ʱ˼

ЩȷĶǵĸǰϱܣΪǰճ

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ԣҲԸЩǡ

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ףô᣿

ʱЦȥЩ

׵ȻЩš

һʱϴ˵Ǿ仰
ڽ𶼣ӣû˼ҸҪ

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ʵʵһҹϥżߵһӡ

ƫɣ￴š

ϲ˵ҪһԶ׼

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ͷü䡣

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ǷҲǷǡӹΣȫԼ

лл㡣꣬תͷʱл

ʱӹѾȡ磬ϡ
ӻȡһţУüлȿš


һãȻͷŷ⣬ֻдšĸ֡

ҵţôҵţ

Ϊĸдš




16.  16   

ŷϸϸꡣ

ֽд·һƵĳǰЦСο˼ĸ֮飬֮Ե渵

꣬أżһʣΪѡ
ú󣬽𶼴ϢͶѹݣıλҹ߹ء

Ȼ뿪ĵڶգһ̿ɱ
ԣųؽѣڼ֮ǰٱԽѡ

赭д岻뵽ʱжա
һŶȥᣬʹǰյĳ棬ƽȻ

һֱһ仰Ŀһͷ˼ŲѸֽ

ˣʱ

彫ŷһתš

¶˵ĸ״ǰѰ㣬ֻʱ

¶ɻʡ

ʱһ٣ߵȱ£֡
ɵԱߣ¶˭ʶ𣿡

ţʶ
ʱһ£ͣĸδн¡øȥʱĸѰ㣬Ͼɻǵô£

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ǰ֪壬˴ѰɸϾ

ʱˣܶסɽϡ
Ϊλ˲ٳ֣볤տ

ҹգôõϢþأܽ˵ȥ֪ͨþ˵ġ

˵ʱӦò֪þ˵¡

ʱһ۵ѵôм飺˵˲㡭

ϳĿдЩͬΪʲôأ˽͵͵顣

Сǿ͵͵֡

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֮ǰǴĸױˣΪµ顣ǵأС

ǷŰɡȻû

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ǰ壬һ

Ŀһͣ⣬

š

ҲУһ¡

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ȶʱĵİ壬һϣȻϳһ塣

֦ϳһ䲢

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뵽Ƕ䲢Щźڸ̾ʱ
վӰС壬ĺ϶Ϊһ

Ȼʶһ£ʱȿڣ֮ǰ뷨иı𣿡

ʲô

ԸԸҽ



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岦ǹ̾˿

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ϴƭϣ˵ĸĶĿǰòʵǡ
̶˷¿ЩǮ԰οա

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סþ˼ңбҪȥ

Сǳ°ͣܽһӹ⸱ģʱȻﻹڳ

ǰ

ʵҲôᡣ͵ȥһˣҲûгȥʱٻҲС

ֹҡҡͷˣ롣

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ֻȥסһʱ䣬Ҳǲԡ
Ͼûȥ𶼣˵𶼺ܷҲ֪Ǻģ

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ܽѺӷŵϣ۾һ
һԲɫӣɫ󼫺ã覴á

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ţˣҲһϲ

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ھ͹ȥ



պլԺ

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İţʱü΢ʲô

Ŷ
ҡҡָߵʱ󣬷Ըۡ

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о۾ϸһ˿ǰĹѸٰȥ

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һ·ͨһ·ƽ̹úܡ
ֱߵ󼸲̨ס

ʱվ⿪ϵ˿ֽ˼

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Ŵлðճá

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ʱ۵Ц⣬ִ档

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ʦպãϸȣҲࡣ

˫꣬һ꣬Ǹƹȥ򿪿

ôĺӣ
ʱ˼⣬иһƿĿһ٣Ѹֵζ

Ȼʲô֣һ㣬˿ۿɼ
գ۾һ飬ݵʱǰԣģɺóˣһҪꡣ

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Ŷȡ

סЦʱһһڲسڵһ顣

ʱʣµ֮һξϵıеס

ƫԱߵСﻹĵóǲЩ٣

óԡ

Ե㡣

˻
ʱӣһ飬ҪȥԱߺȻ͡һЦ

СЦǰϣ۾ϸǹ·תá

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¶ҵġ

סЦؿʱ˲ŵģѹ֮ǰÿκҩֻһ֡

ʱ¶չ壬̽ʱϲʲôʳ

ƭȷʵҲԣԴһǣʱΣȴ˿֡

ȻǣҡҡͷСǰҸ׼

֮ǰ˵Ҳʺ㿴ҽݵúòã

ݵĲ
ʱޣС¶ЦһתйԹžӺúϰ




17.  17   ǻ

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18.  18   

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19.  19   Ĳͬ

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20.  20   ʱ

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21.  21   

а£𶼡
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̼ǵüǰ꣬һǻЩԵá

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22.  22   

ʮµҹ䣬紵
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ԽԽȴ֣һСȻǰ

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23.  23   

ܿʶж顣

ϷǱߵĺӣɩãϷ˽ӹߡ
ǰܹõĴ֪йʲô󣬸Щͬܡ

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ͻȻЩô£

еǰѽŲæ߹
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24.  24   ͯϱ

һ·Ѻ𶼽԰ȻƫƫʥҪĻʹ֮ǰ
׮ȻֹܴǣķҲһ

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ųɻԺ⴫
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в֪˼ѧʶԨ̫̫ѧʤ
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ҪлʱסҲˣܲҪԼ

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ˣԭҲ֪˰
᰿壬Цݿ̱˵ôԸ뾮磬Ҫסڱ˼ԭǴ˼Ͳ߳𣿡

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һ¼ֱ÷죬ᰵĻҲֱֱС

ĿȻ˵ʲô




25.  25   ͺͺ

װʲôɵ, ϾΪͯϱ˭֪ǳӴһŮƾʲôӣ룡

ᰳײܲˣڴ
, һһ߿ޣȫȻ̬

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͵, ǰһ塣

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ղס, Ҫٵڱס

û̧ͷ, ǰ¹ϵƣĬĬǰһ, ˾롣

ʱԱ, Ļ⣬ǰС˺

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᰸ոҪʱ, 廹䣬ȴ˽Уƺոմȡ

ʶԣСС壬ġ

û¡ϳĻ
̧ͷĻüۣ㣬֪Щ𣿡

СЦǿĻۣЩ˵
ƫƫ忴뷨㣬Ӧ֪ҽΪα

С塭

֪

ãĻ̾һǽմԺʼɢģҲ֪˭ȴ˵˵ǰյĶųӦֹӵͯϱֹӱԸвֹӲŲòϾ

һЩĻĻû˵

ԾǶĸ׵ڮ֮ԣĻֻ˵һ֣Ѿܲµδ֮ԻЩʲô

ոշôͬĻпܼĸϡ

Ǳʱ֪˵Щʲôᰱ뿪

ߵʱĻ˵ꡣ

Ļҡҡͷʾá

ʱߵǰȡµ塣

ոһЩ
屾Ǹ֮ãȴ˲㺦ˡ

𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵

ǡʲôʵģ

սе壬Ȼ̧ͷֱʱͯ£ʲôʱ֪ģ

Сžǿֻ֪𰸡

ʱ΢̾ĸ׵һҪʱ򡣡

忴ʱſţۿͻȻ
۽ǵᣬתߡ

С壬ȥĶæ׷ϡ

ĻͬؿʱǸСڿ϶ίӦ͡

ʱȻ֪Ҳ֪δ͡

ԣҲĸ׵

鷳һæ

ͣ£弲߽ȥ
ܿ죬ǰ죬ʱ

Ӵ󣬿߼ܿĲ
󣬳Աߡ

Сڶ󣬻üۡ

·֪ˣߵԼԺǰһͣȻǰȥ

ƹС԰ֱߵԷ

С˼ƣһʱûӦ
ʱʾ⣬ǲŸϽԺŴ򿪡

߽ȥһֱߵ鷿Ĵش
شһСúܺãﾹм仨á

ֻסСתʱҲʱ
С߹ʱʱһס

ҽ𣿡

ͷ軨Ĭһ롣

ʱս˫ɿÿһԡ

ǰ˼ͣ¡
һڣ֪ԴǼٵġǡһǺڲ˵

С˵꣬ͷҲص뿪

ּԶЩͿˣ
Ȼﱧһ軨ߡ

ʱſյĴ̨Цһ

屧軨һ·ݣֺܽҡͷʾǱʡ

ݴβλãһë޵̺ӡ
ϯ嶼̺ϡ

סϥǣ˵

ؾ·ϣʱʹһ㷢һЩ£ô

ʱÿڸ軨ˮڴ𣺡ҾͰ軨ߡϾûҿ㡣

ΪһʣԭĹŲһЩ顣

ƭӡ

ʲô

屧סϥͷԸ˵ߣ

䣬εҡ
ߵңСﶼڵ̺ϣ

ЩΪѣֹӻ档

ͣʱһֱ档

ʱҲվá

˴Ա軨Ҷӣ˵
ڳΪ㿪ڣ׼˳ȥʱȻ

һȹճȥĺ

вʲôϲžúܡ

һ仰˵ȴӿࡣ

ѾߴԺţһ̧۾ܿǸվ÷¸ֶˡ
Զѹѹʣͷ

Ŀӣʱǰ½Ǳ紵죬Ըҽ𣿡

ĬԵؿ紵ֱһС
ֱۣС죺ơ

Сǽ

ʱοЦǰǰơ紵ϵ

˵ۣû˵ڣԱ߶˶Ҫóһ˵λá

ӣӡ
ܹеŵݹȥ

ʱһüͷ

壬͹ӹֱӽСס
䣬ȻȥһԵ¡

Ҳû˵Ҫ
ҪߣͷҲصؽȥ

ʱݣת뿪

Ժ˼ҡ
Ļվһԣһֹסزץŵ˵ȫʵΪλܷ뿪

ĻһЦţֹֻǱ߻ЩҪʡ

ֹӣң˵Ķ滰ֹӻҪʲô
ǹŵÿҪ޳

һԶѣҲûôࡣ
ԺֱݿΣԵͨͨȥʻ

Ҳţѯܿ鵽ʼԵǸˡ

ХУ˼ҵŴ򿪡

ʱ̤ڣĻͷлл

ãҲϣղ˭ڱ󵷹

ǹ˶Իи顣
ͨһ˲᣺ҲԣһжǷ⣬Ҹǰ;ңҲòġֹ

޵У汻Ƶ޿κΡ

𣿡ʱɫȥ֪㽫۵ϣ㸸׵ǰ;Ļһ

ǹﾪ̧ͷﾪڡ

Хֱڡ
ڿգްټӣ¹ҵ

Է£ɫؾĬš

ϣڵµǸѾߣյ˲Ҷƽ̫ˣõԼ˭۸ּˡ

ūһʱϣū澺Ϳ󳤹һΣūҲˣҲˡ

Ѿ߹ģͷϺܿĳѪۡ

Ų豭ƯĲҶ ҡҡͷ
˽Ѿ߷ڴȥ

ʱʱɿһĻһƳѾߵòݽݡ

ˣ

ǡ

Ǻã²յһԵĹʣҲˣݹʺ֤ȥһˡ



ǰһͣ¡

С˿ˣϽţȥ֪ͨϷ򸾡

ȥǰ·ϣȻ·Գһˣһȴ

ôˣţŵòᡣ

ҧ´û˵

ȻӦֹӣղУĸ׵ġӿֲǼС£ձȥˡ

˵ҪߣһѳסӣҪȥ


벦֣κŲţֻðҽԼǡϴκҿûʳԣŸǡ

һۣ֪ԸӦɿӣǰȥ

ʲô

ǰʱվУϷݹʡ
Խ¿Խľ

ݹʣһǳԺѾй

κҹ䣬ʱȥԼ칦һ¡
Ѿ߶Űἰͯϱһ¡ֲװŪӣ

㽫ϢѾߣһǮ

һݹҥԵʼٸߺҹ
΢ĩĹ٣ƽԺܷᰵΪѣԹ
һżȻѾ˵͵ҥݡ

ⶣѾ߲Ҫ´ȥⷿģߺֳìܡ
£ҹƽԴȥſᰵĳա
·뽫Ƶϡ

ע⵽ڶݹϵġ͵֣ԶģֹӣСŮ𣬵Ǻҹ˼ӣǳôǷǡԴҲǺҹ¶ˡ

˼ԣһжǺҹĴ

ʱüۼ両֮ɫǴ㽫һζƵҹϣ

Цŵֹ˵ʲôǺҹڻԣ˵þƵŮͷϣܲˣԼŮɡ

Ǳ㽫·ϣԲáʱߵѾܲؿƿ±㲻ˡʱٺ磬תߡ

ʱֹ

ĸңקק䡣
ҡͷˣٻԼŮ

ԲãĹ;Ҫֹڴˡ

ֹӷģҶ£һ

ϣ˵Ҫš

ʱת̤ҹУ˼ԽԽԶ̲סȥ


ץסֻøϽܳȥ

׷ʱ˦֣۵״Щ㲻·ϣǡ𣿡

ʱһ٣üҴĮǡ

ΪʲôȻɽ·ҲҸĸ׻ҡ

ʶ꣬㲻ô顣

ͯϱһ±ͼӴףʱȥ¡

˽ʱͬ¡

֮Уʱ񳤹İš

˵ն嵽ʱǰͼϿһ˿ݡ

ʱĿ⵭Įؿ·һİˣʶ֣㡣

һ䣬ҡͷţ˵ѣΪʲôҪ£

ˣһȥҪ뿪

öִ䣬ʱͻȻڣ·ϣΪ㡣

ѽҡǣԲֻ´ø㡣𶼣ҲΪ˵ʶҲϣΪȥϹá

ӽԺϣ㲻Ҫٳǰ

һ仰Ƕ˵ҲǶ˵



֮ڵü졣
ۼһ˿ʧţڵ̺ϣС

￪ļ仨պˣ¿ûиձʱ

СԽԽݺݴ˴꣺ҾȻģ׽֪Ժ㶼Ҫһ𣬱ˡ

Сһͨŭֵ꣬С߽ֹˡ

ˣ

һµ׼ߡ
Ȼһֲͣȥˡ

Ķ

Ժſڡֹ˵ˣ㲻

ѲɻҪſڵ

ҲǣҲǡ
أվһХķɿڣȥɡ

ʱݣڻƻľ͸ϣ˿Ϸ죬֮ǰ

ϵĲͼ忴ͼŲҲû̧ͷ

ʱߣСｫŵϣͰɡ

ԼŲͯϱ£ȷʵ
Ҳף档

룬ǱŴԼġ
Ҳĸ׻նҪЮ˹

һʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ⲢԼҪɫ

СڳһĮӣҲʱ

ʱ̬ȻͣüĿ΢ɣʵĸ׵һ˵ʱҲ̫ĸ׽

̧ͷʱСð

ʱһ˵Ҳ㡣壬ʵҲ֮á

ĸ뿪֮ʱһ壬žǵ޽Ե˼̲أĸױ¡Ҫ㵽ߣǽ⣬һ𡣡

£ĳȷʵͯϱ

ʱֱԲ䣬巴֪ʲôӦ
뵽ԭ򣺡ΪʲôңҪҽҲΪҾ𣿡

㣬롣

ֻΪɣ

Ҳֹˡ

üЩʱ˵ʲô

ʱҲ壬ЦЦС壬һʼʵ㣬㵱ʲôԵû𣿡

ſԣʱסԣʾʾˣܻЩӦ

С壬ҲһմӦΪ㽫ҵӡ

̲ס߬䣺ǲϲ𣿡

ʱЦҡͷϲϲ޹ء

С壬ֻǲϣΪκһ˵ĸӹƷǸҡӦسѡҪģǱ˰ŸġӦѡԼδȨ

Ȼɿ䣬ؿʱ

ŮӻޣӸĸ
⻹ǵһΣ˸ӦѡԼδȨ

СﴥƫƫֲԸ¶Сúûҡ

ʱʧЦǵڶ⣬ҪΪҡ

ҪӹֻҪõչ㡣ĸȷʵһЩ뷨һʼҲЩִͨˡ鵢飬һȥ˱ҡ

С壬ϾҲϣиѣǿĺܡ˵ʵе£֮㱻۸ȥΪ

˭ҪͷסЩۿ

ʱ壬׵СǰдΣɲҽٶ࣬Ҳԡ

С壬Բ㻹𣿡

Ŀܣ̧ס۾ԼۿȻЩڶ塣

Ҫǻأ

ֻ취㣬ȡԭ¡

ʲô취

磬֪ʱİ취ʲô

ʱһʳй˳롣
һңϤζ˱Ƕ

循ϲؿɫȫĻƶ㣬صȥ𣿡

ţ㳢

һķЩ࣬óֶһ꣬ʱ档
СȺһ߳һ߾Щ֡

ڶ˵һ侲ģ·ûвʲôԡ

СţѾʱ̲סʦô˲ˣ

ʱһ٣ѳԣ

Ҳѳԣû֮ǰĺóԣоƿصò̫ãҲЩ̡ʵԼ뷨

˵˵ţͻȻðһ뷨쿴ʱСãò㡭

ʱĿЩΣϣţġһ³ûо飬ʦŲһ㡣

Ŷһ㡣סЦ

߽ңС
ﻨָֻ֮ǰ

ѻݹȥţ㡣

ʱü軨ֽӹôú壿

СʱըëƣҪҪҪҡ


ʱ㿪֣ƽС˱ȥ

ݺһ裬꣬ſڣչ칦磬ʱȥܶˣȤ𣿡

屧Ų豭̧ͷ

ʱһЦȥԸһȥ

С۾һģ

ġ

ҲЩǣ᲻㶪

£һ㡣ܴܿѧᡣǾһ˵ӣһȥ

ѽСЦտ

ǰֻڻԻʹǸֺĹźģлȻԸȥ

˵ʱ˵һ½Ҫѧǡ
棬ȻЩӣȻȤ

๬ڵ£ʱһһ
СȲĹʱԥƬ̻ǿڣС壬һм㡣

ʲô£

ڻԸⳤ𣿡

˳һ£Կη˳ɻȻ˲ԸŴ˷ݳ塣ɵ˺Ȼڡ

Ų豭ûкܿش

һ濼⡣

֮ǰһֱǿ𶼵ӣĸĺѡ
ź̤ĿʼˣҪ

С˼ã̧ͷ𣺡Ը¡

ȷʵһ£ۣԷ׷ɡȻҲвϲҵˣиϲҵˣ

ʱϥϵȻɿüĿչɵãԺ㻹ȥ𣿡

ȥ϶صͷ

ҹʱһ¡
ԺأҹｫԺ᰿ڳԣ߶֣ҲԺ

ջǸ

һ紫Ϣĸͳ𶼡
ʲôʱܻ˭Ҳ֪

ȻûзϣǸһ֪Եɡ
ҺͺҸԼŮãԴ

΢ĩҵӻڣοһڹĴŮôҲ¡

Ҹĸٰ㻤;裬᲻ǨŭŮҲδ֪

һȥѧ˵ֻж飬˵۽ܸŻῴ档ҲΪ˵Ŀ⣬ͷԭ飬ⲻֵá

С￴ͨ͸ʱͷãҰ㰲šֻ;ԺηЩϡ̫ɼģҡ

ѽ



ڼΪ˲ڹϳѧǡ
ѧҲ˻Էѧúܿ졣

Ժչ󣬺ҹҲŵǸ
޵ᣬһ˵Բ

ܿĵǸҲԭ

֮ԱȵģǷҷ˺ͷᰡ

ԴŷţǸء

ѾţҲûżȥ塣

˱ãɫҲԽԽ

᰻ؼһѵ⣬ϴɫظҪٴʲô룬ȥǸ

ᰲԸһ⡣

أڸ𣿡Ϊͷ

ס֣ʾٳ

ѾߣҪѯʣһ߽ǰ

ᰵȥлί

ʱֻ򷿷ˣ

ֹӲض񡣽ձӦֹǡ
˷ŵ̬ȣҲ档

˲ˣϾ˲ǸҲǶҡ

ɫ˲ĽӲЦŵֹ˵öԡЩǸ͸ģֹҪҪһ

ʱһƳЩǸ䵭֣Ҳϲ˵ȦӡֱԣǷСǸǣ뿪

еĿ׻⼸仰һ£˵

ѾͷǸĹأ˵Ǹ£ײʱ˵һ

ᰳ˳˵ӣĵ̾΢΢ҡͷ˼

ǸԵ

Ŵŷǳı飬סЦСչȥ˵ǸһҪ̬Ÿߣ

ʵ岻̬Ÿߣ÷ᰵǸ㹻ơ

ûôôС⻰Ҳġ

ĳ˳ᰵӡ

סɳĳ嶯ɴŴҿڳԣҲöﶯ֣Բ𣡡

һǸ̬

忴Ӧһš

ţ
ʲô˼岻˵Щ׻

һʱ֪òǷ˿̬ȣ˵ǸĻڷᰱıԵקߡ

һߣϢʹԷ
Ѿǰ¸ֻ߳һš֣Ҳ̲סЦ

С廹ЩƢģźá

ˮ뵽ʱ˵ģġ

һ»˽ᣬȵҲ˸ҵĲǡ




26.  26   

ʮѮ, չ硣
ֺĹߣǰͣ˹ʢװ, ɾ

Զͣ£С̽һԴӨ͸ŵĺ, ˿ķ٣żֻ, ɫƫ, ɫ֡

ʱǰ, ߵ, ұ, ³
°ɫĽȹȹѩʢ, ֱ̬ͦеС

һҺɫȹ, ͶȥĿ⣬էһע⵽, ٿԵĹ, Ŀܻͣһ

һţֺǽ, Զģɫӳչ⡣

̯, ̧ͷա
һʼһα£ֱһƬСѩ䵽ģᳶ˳ʱ䡣

ѩˡ

˵䣬ѩ׷䡣
˼ͷüҽȾѩ, ǲ䣬ĵúǽ߱һȤ

·Ĺ˼λѩϲúܣ԰Ƭ÷ֻ磬ѩһ䣬һȤʱ磬ֹӲλȥһƣ

ͳԣ˫˫۾ʱ

ʱһЦݸǹ˼ӣ·ɡ

Ȼ⹬ߣʱݲͬȨ
ǮؿǺ÷

СĺģһۼǿҺ÷̲ס̤С
ѩ÷Ƭ÷һɾڹ͡

СǰЦ֣ʱ
ȻԶһЦһ޳ĹԺ̤Цʱ᲻ˣ뻹㡣

һǽ۵Ĺӣͣ£Сѣ̫ӡ

̫Ǵǣ

岻̧ͷųһ

Ǵǰ˰֣ЦԣˣؾЩ񡣲ҿҪֳһã֪λɷӦ

Ǵ̬ͣͳȴ

ʱЩΣǻСĪǡ

ҿɲң˭֪ʱ̣ô۸ˣ

ʱԣСﲻҪܣҺܿ

áСӦ

ʱֽǹ£̫Զ

ԶĴյʣ̫Ӻͱ˭ÿ

Ƕ£սɫѣӱӰֲʤ
̫ӵòҴһƳֻüϣƫƫԴ͡

̫ӿЩסСش

ͬصͷһĴչȥҪǼ͵ӣͲΪˡ

ͣ

ɫ̫Ҳ͵һ棿

벻ֱȥԴ÷

÷ռ㣬ߵһһˡ



ü˻Ӧ
ող֪Ķðһֻӣȥ׷פͣһ

ֻôһĹ˲֪Ķˡ

͹˱߱ߺвףŲԶ֦Ҷ

ΪǳȹߵǴȿӰָæͣ¡

÷һŮȹ÷ף΢΢һϾԡ
󻹸żŮӣ

̵Ѿ߼ԴüɫûͻļҲʶȤҴ

˼ˣǰͣԶĹֹһͻġ

Ůԣɫ˼ֺ档
ŶԶ֪ʲô

Ůᣬͻ£ˡ
֪Լô˱ˣλ¡

ŮһϣüۼȤζǱȥǸλ

ã

˼ʱǰ˵ģܿʶǰ֮˭

ݣᰵĽ㣬¼ܱ³谮

һǣУ¶ݵĳ谮һǰ
Щҵ˼Ҳǰһ㣬׽ݡ

Ů뷿֮ѽ⡣

ᣬ𣿡

ݻǰϸǰС
СƤϸӨף¼ױݣ಻ɫ
Լõǵȷѱȡ

ᰶԵǸˣôأƺԭᰡ

Ů

ᰵǸϿ𣿡ݽסĻҪҪǸ

Ůҡ
崹ףյ˫߬

ҪΪ

ЩŮӼˣһЦԣαغƽϣССĹȻЩСѵǣԼͻ¡

£ҡͷĻͻ÷Щ˵ۣ㲻ÿˡ

ǣ˵öԡ

һһͣ嵱뿪

ȴʹգ֮ǰ̽£۵˵ĸǾ֮ˣҲ׸

˵λԣЩ˻Ʋ֮ˡ

ǡ

˵ĸΪ¿棿

ǡ

ƺԼ㸸׵ǵӱȴڰ;˶棬Ҳ֪ĸ֪֪飬ûа

ˡһƽˮ浴

˱ۣûлش

ôǲһشˣ˵桭

ģ̲ס̧ͷĿ䣬Ҹսɳʬ޴档߹Ϊʿֺ֮࣬ݲڮ١

ڮ٣㾹ָңЩŭ

Ůҡ

ҿ㵹Ǹҵúܡ˼ŷĪ飿

ŮɱУӱŮֺ飿

㣡

ܳʱսѾ˸ô
Ŀһе֣⣬ǰҪˡ

ƴľۺ֮⣬Ц⽥ԡ

ɲ֮䣬һʯӾ׼ػֱһдֱۡ

оԣһֱֻʹࡣ
Ųһֻʱ̫С

ɫڽߵߣ󣺡ûˣ
ҡͷʱԷġ

תݣüĿ΢ּˣ˭裿

һԳ˾Ĭԡ

ЦҲ˼֣ҲûҪ۸ֻǡ

𣿡ʱһԵĹˡ

˵վһԣĿ⣬ǵ
ƫƫܵ

˵ɣʲô¹µšǴǰЦǳޡ

Ÿҿڣո˵Ļһһʮ

Լӱ֣ʱüĿ䣺ӱ߹ؽʿҹ͵ӱ֣

Ҳ˼
ڲΣ֪ʥж࿴ʱյֱץס

ĴԣĪϡ

Ҫʱֹ𣬲ʱס壬ܴ񣺡ܲݵǸ

ǣס뿪ǴҪϣһ٣ֻͷݣݣʲô˵ġ

һ仰ݵ׹ȵס




27. [] 27   ʹ

̤ɵʯ, ѩңûгѩʱ¡
в˽, ׷ͶȥĿ⡣

嵲ȥһЩĿ⣬СصԲ𡣡

׷̫ܵԶعžòԾ
ֽӽһȥ, òҵ壬֪Ϊѡ

, δػݡ

, ʱλǰ, ͳλá

û, 𡣡ο

, ҿ϶粽ظԱߡҿ˭۸㡣

Ҳģ⹬лûôûˡѵٿ

λʱ, ǹӣʱΪ֮, ʥȻñǰ

˶, ʱͻѵλöýࡣ
Ͼ, ⳡλǶ׼

Ƴϣѩ
̼ϸ쳹ڣʥϵ, ʺ󵽡

˷׷ϥ¹

ƽɡ

ʥ˾нࡣ
ż, Žʥϻμνʱͻѡ

Ҳʵ佱һʹͻѣſʱǰ˵δʹ, ֪տˣ

Իѵľ֮ѯʱʱ׽ࡣ
Ҳ׷֧ȥ

ʱ״𣺡һɱһȣȲ֮Էڴ¼νˡ

һ䣬ԵС𾪵ؿ

ɱɺãΣ΢΢ǰ㣬Ŀе֮ɫ

²صǣ˿Ȭ

ԣһɣոյĻ𼸷Ȥζ֪˭տڵϣ

ٿʱ½ǣЩ¡

Ŀ̫ӣֶࡣ
δʶĳ棬һֱкãվȥĿ⣬³

ʱоǹССڡ

ע⵽֮СѲ³˭ȥЦʱ

Сﲻ̫أֹ֪˵ŵؾ䡣

֮ͣʱʱ𣺡ر£ȳ֮ˣǳλ

ʱ΢΢ÿӣܽۺͻʺ󿴵塣
񣬽ŵ³һ˿

»ʺСЦǸɵСǰơ

̧ͷʱʱ΢΢ͷ
԰ģżЩ߹أһһߵ»ʺߣûгһ˿

Ůʺ

ض񡣡
»ʺЦС֣ĺʪ

ҿ˿壬ЦԣСüһ֮ѹֻξʱ

»ʺһ˵һȡϰϡ
Ϊ͵صŮӷܱ֮࣬ˡúܺãĪ֮ԡ

һ仰صҵĳЩ˵ϡ

ǵϴڽһϺõķɫ飬һֱ֪;ʹ㣬ҲЩɳ

Ůлʺʹ͡

л»ûʹء߿Ϻõķɫ飬¿ɲС

»ʺ˵Ҳ⡣
Ц̾㰡ˣǱ֯̽ʮƥʮĶ

֯̽һƥѵãʮƥۡ
˵֮ﲻܵѺ֣ɼʥϵӡοʮĶпԳӯġ

صʱߣЩ㱡
벻ʱͻѵ칦磬ȴн㡣

˷֮ǰЩĿٲЩмʺ׿ڿޣͣЩĿٲв֮⡣

һֱһֱʱһƬ½ǡ

ѩƴ󣬶̶̼ʱװع
һ·ԶǻֺԴ

һ侲Ȼ뵽ǰЩֽʱǿлʱܳ
Ϊʲô

Сƿ⿴ʱվԣֵ˵ʲô

ƲĿ⣬ʱͷǳǳһЦȥ

ӷģǶ˽Ѱȫͳ

Ǹһ㣬ȷЩ˲׷ȥ

һ˰Ȼֹ
ƴϾǶϷҲĳЩ˵жд̡

ӢУдһ֣̽˭뿪ģ

ֹӡһҪɱҲֹӵ¡ˡܣδܲǹ֮˭

ĲǱΣ

ĸȫȥˡ

ЦݱЩ䵭

ĲΪ˰⵹ңһǶϷϾ
ˣӵÿ졣

׻ʱȫµΪֹ׷ˡ

ǡ

ſ¡
紵ֽ΢ֽīδɣɼġ֡



Ժ顣
ܿǱҲϢɹͶ¡

Ҫȥס

ǣһ䷿ӣǱľҲרĶ顣

Ϊʲôס岻⡣

ûмŻشᣬѾ¡

ʲô𣿡

ԭЩǵġʵ֪ѧֻǰЩԷ׷ɣЩԥ

ĸϾ۸ҷˡҲʱʱ鷳ֹӣȥסҲûʲôպʲô£ȥѰҾǡЦŽ

ͷ˼

ʱһ飬ӣزԸסں

֮ҲٸҴЩԣԿɷģҲּҿ϶Ụ塣

ǺãȱʲôҲ˸˵ȥá

˵ȥֻص鰸ǰ

ʱԷǱʼδơ
˻㱨ӻ屾ΪܼܿʱãҲδˡ

Ҫ˯ţͷһֶȻѣ۾¶𣿡

ӸջԺˡƹҲˣǲżȥӡ

ҡͷ´ѣö񣬴С԰ȥԷ

⼸ʱ飬̫ܼ
ǵȵգֻ˿ա

Էոյƣʱַۼ£ֻѹһѲ𿪵š

ӣˡ

ʱ۾ͷʾ˽
ֱţѹС

Сﱧһʱ΢¶Ц⣺ôô

æĻ

Сｫϰŵϣʱչȥ

Ժ˶飬Ҳ黭ѡԼϲȥѧ
ѡѧʱӦ

ʱһ߿һ߸Լߵͷ
żʱ£ɼ۵ڲǳ

ɳ©Ƿһߣֻǲ֪ûˡ

ѹסڶŻʱ̧ͷ

̲סʣ߾б䶯𣿡

ʱȻӦ

СǼ٣Ҫ档

ʱǼŻãһߡ
Сüۼǣϴ˵ãɻǵã

һǣڲǻûϢݺûж

ʱҡҡͷûУѾˡ




28.  28   

һϦ֮߹ؾƷ츲صı仯
ڱ, ˴ֲ

ֻм֪Զϸˣδѡ

ЩԮĹԱս, 佱丨ж
͢Ļ̻̣ȻһƬУʱӢ

պ糯, һڳ䶨

峿ȵҹĻ٣ų, Ҳࡣ

, ˡ

⿴, ʱǿ򳤹, ͳ㵽Ⱥ
Сһ, ʱд

ˣۿ΢ʪ, ģĸȻ֧㡣

ĸ׷, ұػᰲȫ
ٶĻһŵ

ʱʱ, ҲΪ, ƺʲô˭Ҳûȿڡ

Ȼȥ˯, ʲô˵

ҹɫڳס¹, ҹѼһ˿
Ŷߣ͸ʱ

΢΢ͷǸԶıӰ
ӰߴͦΣǰ棬ƺܽһзѩȥ

ǰǻصİ, ˣ
Ҫ

һǰһţƹ÷Էֱ߽ǼС԰
԰һˮľƵʯż棬Ͽɴ¿԰ӵĹ졣

Ƕգ԰֣Ψһ÷ǽǴ֦⣬÷ģƯ˵ıǼ⴦

Сˮʣż鱡ĸ

ҹ޷磬һа͸Īѹ֡

忴Եˣʱͷ

¶ǳǳЦʲôʱߣȥòã

պҴУͬ

գô졣

Ĭʱǰһ΢̧ǾСͷ

һġ

֪

̧ͷԶǿʢŵ÷ҿʱŬƽ˵ʵҲһЩ顣ҵһ̣ҾȥҲǮ

ҲԶ߹ȥˣҲᾡȥ¡

Сջ̲סЩ΢ʼᶨ˵һ仰ʱ磬㣬ҲЩڱ߹ƴսĽʿǣһʤ

ʱСвֹᣬҲȫġ

ͷŵţһӮ

ȵﴺůһжõġ

պ󣬻ʳǰս졣
ʱһףǰ档

ɫ࣬Ѱӵģ

ĸ׼

վȺУǰһǰһ
ӵٶȼӿ죬ϡ

ʱͷһۿȺе塣
ȥ岻Ը⣬ָһξ롣

ϳ¥ŴԽԽԶǸһ׵˽ԶӰʧ

һῴߡ

á

Ҳῴ

š



ȥ
鰸ǰǸС･ִţü绪һһЦ⡣

żһֻɫͣڴǰͼ
дŵŮü̧ʴ˴Դץˡ

𱻴ҲգڳɵŮϣԴ˲Ůļ

Ůε˵Ķ䣬öΪɻأҷ֣ҾͰСѲˣ˯档

˰ɣ⻰˵˲ʮΣûһζ񡣡
¹̤鷿ʳ߽һ鰸֪ʲô

ֲǴţھҪôдţ

ʳУһӣҹȥ
庬סǿӣң³ˣһˡҲ֪ʲôʱŵǲˡ

аɣдд

һսʱࡣ
Ľʿûлؼҡ

꿪֮ʱʱǣⳡս
ӽԺҲû֮š

Щӱˣʲô뷨ȥļ񶼰ü򣬽ɲˡ

ȥ꼰ǣТڣһдӼ򡣳˼úðһ

պĸ˵ˣ˵Կ硣ŲðøƵģҪԼÿġ

˵һˣɴȥֺˡ

֣

԰ӣƬʢڡڸҪӦЩǰˣ簲Сʲôʲôͻˣһ

յС˵һ䣬۷Ź⡣

סͷô죡

˿̣Զڽ֮찲һ˱װǡ
ǰĹһ£ģ

һ·вٹ￴Ӷ¥
κߵ̫죬ңң

һ·ջǹٺ¥ѯʣң֪ɹ

ȥһ·ֱУһҹգ߸Ҿܿˡ

л

òãƹҲ찲ˣһҪɹҲҪȥеСӰɡ

찲ɹ󣬹ÿʹһЩȥ
Ҽ˴ɹȥԼӣλʲҲȢˡ

ʱû뵽ô˵ҡͷһЦǡ

һ㶣æǸ

ʱֻ˵⣬˳ŵָ·ɹĵȥ
ȥɣ

˿еɹǳǳһЦ

СＸûҲˡ




29.  29   

ʱ찲, һǴɹȥһӡ

һѯϢֱ찲, ܿһӲݴݡ

վںӵڸ˺óʣµһǮ׼ϽԵĻ

һ, Ȼǰվŵļˣһ
ϵ, 첹ü, װ, ɫϵļ, ŵ˵

ֻһµĹǰ, ¿ģûǮˣûǮ, λүĹҰɣҸǿͷˡ

ʹ, ںòװСֵײײܳסĸ첲

, ޡ

ﲻ, ȥ

СҪݣСһûվ, һʱһַס

, ǲΪġ
ʱǸˣ˳ڱܶ㿪֣ѺӱڻС

صǸʲôģҪ·𣿡

Ҫһˣ֪֪֪ƽӼںδסţ

º, 齥
Ȼ仰˿ʵΪҪļˣƽҪһ

˵ȥȴտղˡ
ᣬҲԹ˵ս¶ô

ʱУƽķˣ

ǣǸЦЦЩΣԭΪҪǮĵƦåԲŻǰ㣬ĪҪ⡣дªǲɽһ衣

˾⼸Ǻˣǽȥ裬Ҳöʷ
һս꣬˿ѶҲġ

ʱŸ˽ݣڿյģֻһƾɵΣݶɼ©⴦
Ųֲӣʱ£زˣܸɾ

Ǹһ㶣Цŵ˵ͷΪǼ˵˲衣

˵ǲ裬ʵǰ׿ˮ

Сֽס˳˵䣬Ŷۿ죺ףҶ

磬ҪһԱһֻ޳ֵݹһǺһ㡣
Сƺ󼸲á

Ҫƴǣʱֵݽ֣͸ģҪֻ˷ˡ

С־ϲ̽ĸףĸ׵ͷŸҽӹ
شֽĸ㣬ɫ

óһҪԣһ٣ȴϵݣԡ 

ﲻ԰ɡۿЩ졣

㿪Ŀ⣬͵͵˲ᡣ

СýҲ̲סŸʹڳ
ʱһ裬ѣ㣬Ǻš

һ䣬СһȣʱˮݹȥСź꣬ллл壬Ǻˡ

ʱǳǳһЦСͷˣˣЩ˵

߳ӣЩţ̲סʣǲƽʲô£ˣԲŲңǲڳˣȥ

˵ҪߣʱҡҡͷȻ֪ôڡ

˽ԣеĹһȥק½ǣ˵ɣʲôܵˡ

ôʳʱ·Ѿµ𰸣š

ƽǰսˡ

ô᣿
ţվûס

һ£Щ
ʱʱסˣ塣

վ̲ס޳죬ҽеĶһ

ʱһС

ǵƽǰÿһ仰

ңⱲ˲ٿ࣬ҶԲ
һȥҪӽ
ս¿ˣҺܻܿȥˡ



ֽչǡ

ʱ̲סս˫֣ӦҪúչǣأ

뿪ǰ˵ʲôҲʱǮ
ʱ㽫ЩǮ̨£é޲ݶ©

ʱɫѰ
ԶԶɼƦå߹Ŀԡ

ʱֻǼ仰ֱǰ廨š

յȵ˷ǱǮȥд̽ʱסʱǡڳŴһˡ

ǮҪʱջȥʱƻȥдűӦáˣһ£һ



𶼣׾֡

СվһӣѩɫȹŮǰ棬˫۵סǸС

㣬㣬Ҫץˡ

ץץ

СܣŮæ
һɲ۷ȥ

ŮСһˣ˳ץһֻСС

ץӮСչˡС˷ܵ㵸

忴ЩͷɥСһЦҪ˵㻰Ŷս˺ЩǹҪҪȥڰ

СǶʱ˷Ǳߡ

СﲻĵƲԭҲǹ԰

һЦȥСͷ
ֲĵسҲû㿪

ͷһۣĵسǹ͵͵򿪺ɰСƣ

̽ؿȥһ۳ԲԲС
ݹȥһ

̽һСڣʱϲüģ

ѽ㲻ǲϲΪģ˶ûС

Сһݣӿ

ͷҪҪȥ

ȻҪ

ֵͷȥչһǡӥ׽СϷ
ǷСһɲܣ¶ŵı顣

ۣⲻҽյĲ𣿽Ԥ֪δ𣿡

Ц˵㰲ֵĶͷûˣȻ㣬Ƿ֡

Сٺ١Ц˼Ƿ

ˣǸС𣿡

ѽЩʱæ

㱾һ

´κ˵

á

ֿȻҲûеĵǡ
óµС˻һСô

ʱ֣ڣܽ׾֣Ű뿪

ôˣǸ𣿡

ţôգҲһû

ֵһ˵кСʱδġ
ֱ˵ǺСÿֻϽʱҲô˵Žġ

һӣҲûصˡ

ʲô˼ȴ°Ϊ顣

Ī룬˰æ

Ըˡ

룬Ըɡ

Ҫϳ֮ʣ졣
岻Ҫϳܽһӣ

һתͷȥ

ԶĽֵͷһ¹ɫһǰº͡

ͣԣϤСȥ

СվڰϣӸµؿЩ㱡
ʱһЦС壬һˡ

Ϥƿ˿ȷ

°ʣǰһһֱסǰˣ΢죺ʱ磬ڻˡ




30.  30   

, ˵½΢£½һ롣

ʱ΢΢̧֣һ, ĺ󱳣ţһˡ

弫áʱ硱ƺ, һ뾩Զȥ֮ʱ֮ʱ

֪ĵ, ӸոռĻȻ嶯зӦ
Щ˼ɿ˫, ϸ𵭵ĺ⡣

, һΪΡ

ƺ󼸲, ΢΢ͷʱ
, ůչ˵ϣů⡣

ʱؿСģ

뿪ʱ, Сﻹδǣֻؿڡ
Ů, վһѾıǼ⴦ֻ΢΢ͷܺ˵

ü۳, ǹ֮, ѩɫȹĵɫ һֻոջγɹС

Ρ

ʱĿ˫峺ƿ, һÿ죬м츸׺ͻؾ

Ŵ찲һ, ûؾ塣

ʱһխӣʲô

Ǵ׾֣𶼶޸ĸĺ, Һ̺ϼư׾֣Щӡҽǵġ

ûг͢¶ĻҲֻôһңؾ͸˵

ҲһңֻޣҲֻЩ

忴ӣ΢̾⡣

𶼷֮أⲻЩ¶˵ط

Ѿܺˣض룬ȻؼҰɡ
ʱֱۣȻһЦȻشֱۣԣȻؼңҼ϶ܿġ

ʱȥ
üƿӣеڣ԰

һ̲סȥ
̧ۣǱʱͲĿ⣬һЦ

ЩۣʱǳЦźӣڡ

һٿȻӡ

Ҳ֪ǲ۵ù֣һʱʱЦЩͬ
᲻ͬ

ǱǰɹЩü۷Щǰ༸ּ㡣
̫ۣŽ롣

ҡҡͷԼ롣

ʱڵѾѶϳ
վǰ棬˻ңң֣ȹ

ʱոһվߣֱ

ǰվˣҲС
оЩ˵Ŀ⣬ȥһ٣תܽ

ܽѸٷӦַ

ʱȻؽջȥ

֣ɻˡұ᲻ȵСǰϲºǿһС

⼸նڼƻ£һʱ뵽Ҳ¡

ĳ˳ӣɵؿôˣ

û¡岻˵ֵĸо

ȵʱǰ˵
յСǲ˵粻ӣֻһЩϵõСá

ɱֲ˰Ȼش
ûпѹȻǰ

ŵʱǱߣȴͷ˵ƺûߡ
˿۳

ãȻؿ֪Լﷸ

һߵԷǰδűԺſڿȺĳ

ȣм֮ʱ
㣬ʱϢûסԺӵˡ

ĶӣЩĿ
ۿ΢ʪؿʱһĸףЦӦ£ַ˷ļ򣬡ͺãһԸԲ

ʱӦ£ֵԲټջٳһգӣ죬׺Ҫˡ

һ٣Ŭ˳ƵӣֻӦһš

ʱЦŲĸ׵Ľš

Զϸˣδѡ
ʱϵ߹֮ʱδãҲԣļ򣬾Ϳʼ̸ʱ߹Ρ

ȻսҲ֪߹ؿẮ֮زʺˣɼ

𣬼ҹܷĹ

һĵӣŻҽڽʱ
ʱ״ʵ䲻Զ

֪ĸ˹ĵܿġ

˭ˣʲô¶ңҿûʸѵðɫ

һ⸸һģһΪҲ֪ԽһۣôصˣҿǰϢ֪㵹ңñһš

˵¸

ʱĬĬףԹѵ߳Էʱ˿

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ʱǰ龩һȽ밲
ʱ̨϶һ軨

ǷɫСӭţ뻭ϵ״һģһ

ߵ̨ߣ˲Ҷӡ
ʱߵüȴûǽСתСȥ

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ȵ֮ʱм˵ظ軨˷ɫС

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ʱ뵽ЩЦ
ָǻ꣬С԰ǱߴһЦ

֮ʱһнչ¶ԭӣСĻˮ仨Ʈ¡

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Ͻ֧ĻϿһƬǽһǧڻǽǰǧһѩɫȹŮ

קǧǧߴʱ̲ס۾ҿ
żЦԼСܽƵøЩ

ǧϰߵñ۾Ȼǰ˵Ī£ڡ

循ϲ۾һۿվǧǰʱ
ľãŵ·ɳһȽס

ܽƵøЩ

¶ҪһڵǧĿ֣һ˫ʪ۾ʱǧøߣ̲סϿ

ǧߵ㣬ܿ԰¾վԭδ뿪ʱ
ֻվܸ޾ͰȫС

ͣʱЩδʱߵͷôˣ

һû뵽һھ⡣
̧ͷʱִҴææͷţ׼ڱԺ죬ʱֻһЩϵõѣúܴ󡣡

ţ뷨ȥ𣿡ʱȻʵ

һ٣ЩΪѵؿǲӡ

ң



˵ǣĪЩ˵

û֮ǰҪһ
ˣʼɡ

֮ǰҲΪҹһѵμ綼𣿡

Ī˵Щί

ԥŴ𲻴ӦȻߵ
ٿʶΣУȻӦʱһƣǧ˲䵴

ŵһ£ϽץӣЦÿ󷽣Ƶɣ˾ô

˭˵˾ӵģ
ʱһüϺ֮⡣

ۼǧԽԽߣ巴̫¡
֪ʱˤȥ룬ȴ̲סȥȥ

ʱһӦͣǧ
ݺһ˦ӣտһӣҾûǰˡ

ţ֮ǰҲ˵Ļ

ϴһҧǻԴʱСҲô˵ġ

仰Ȼûʲôɱ

üֵһ㶼˾ӣˣСĻǲйϲġ

ʱһ仰̧
ʶԣһׯʲôû˵

ʱʧЦãҲʲôû

߽ͷĳСԸԸҵǸأ

ǸʲôǸ񣿡

찲ɹ

ɴ۾ʱš
ֱʱĽɹǰŴӾϲл

ؾ·ᾭ찲ѽôĵڱ𣿡

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𶼾ҲңֻҪ˵õĻ찲Ǽġ

ҳһκٲûᡣ
дűҲбԹ˼䣬β˸ɥС

㶼Ҫˣôܲ򣿡ʱЦŵɹȥòɣֻĪҪ֪С

ָ˭֪

屧ֽЦһֻ͵ԵСèлл
˼ֻͷ䣺Ҿ㻹ǺܺõģԺ󡭡Ժ϶йԸϲ㡣

˵꣬ܳȥ

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ǲʲôû

׼һʱʱ߽÷ԷĳκСԼʲô

·ЩƮֲǲرȡ
ͨͨģָЩƵĽ£ܽ㿴ǲڻΣ

ǵڻΣڻΡ

˵һĵߵúȺòãͻˣС˵ˣҲûû

˰֣ЦЩ
лŰɹһߴȥҪԣҪҧʱһգɹܵˡ

תһȦǿվԼŰɹĳˡ
һҪȥʱһ㣬²Щġ

ʱʱסĸ첲̫ãȫˣ

ɹ˼壬˻⡣

ںȹ߾Ƶ˵Ȼ㲻ʲô
ǣûȹơ

Ҫ㣬һγɹһνӴ
дÿ⣬ȴûиʱʱֻһɹ΢Ρ

˵һ롣

ʱûʮص󻵵ҡ

һװͰͣһվվ̫ȡ

󻵵ʱɹõøߣҷǲأ

ǣǡˣ룬С¹һӺȻ׼ʱŵ֣ҧ㡣

һץסʱ֣ſھҪҧ
κǰ˺޷ӦСǿĻҧ

ţҧɡʱһеӣǰ˵ݡ

屻̬һĴԲѩ׵ݵҧơ
ܿڿǻŵһѪζ

ŵɿʱϵһӡðѪ˿
Сί޴صô

Ϊ㲻ҧ

ίʱν
ɹ𣿡

ӣҡҡͷˡ

ʱݣסܽæ֣ҪԼ԰
ЩͷΣϵŬסҩüϸɴ˺üȦ˳㻹˸ᡣ

ʱŰӵ֣ȤǺᡣ
ȥֻϸ̿ʣڰɴռ£һЦ

ЦſЦʮֿ϶ص϶ܺõø졣

𣿡
ʱҲѧͷȥЦ

Щһ̧ͷͷײ
Ŀӣ忴ǰˣһʱЩ

ʱúÿһμʱе뷨
ü벻һݲһ֣Ŀͦıƺܷ̿ʣɾ䣬

üĿ°ͣĿƵʱ۾ϣԴսָ֣˲СһĽëЦóûҵĳ

ҵıҪôһ㡣
ָȳСľ룬뵽ʲôЦǺǵģ㳤ôÿëôһ㣬Ҳϲġ

С˵⻰

ʱЦºͣǱ㼪ԡոҧңǲǸЩ



ţұҧҪҩǲǸøһҩ

Ҳȣҩܿġ
岻Ըؾƴʱѭѭգҧˣܲһ˺ҩɣ

屾Σôһ˵Լû
ϷһģһҩСﲻĵţҩԱ߾ĳ˰ʵ֡

ںҩǰװ׵ɴγɶԱȡ
̾Լ룬һͷꡣ

ʱԹԺ½ҩҲһȾ

СеɵûӦﲻԾ

ǲǸϢһ

ЩԹԹԵͷ
ҪʱֵͷʱֺȻ˵ıӣ㲻ٱøÿˣһ᲻˼ġ

С꣬ûһݡ

ʱԭԼıͷƺܸоСָ󴥸С

Цһʣµİɹ˰ɣԺҪơ

С̫ɵ׽ƭߡ



պԶؾ
δſڣϢѾ

ŮڶŵȺʱȴ

һصĳҲڽʱǰ档
ż˵ĽŲ𣬳̲סǰ߼

Ӱ

߽Ϊ׵һװӣһЦ߽ϱɫϢػЦ

һ߸ʱһ߸һĸߴӡ
潣üĿºͣŵǴ֮ˡֻһװҲྱ˰ȴףǴսԡѪսġ

Σһˡ
Զ첽ߵǰһס֣˿Լļ

Щ˼κֵؿһۣǶڣſ

ΣһˣЩ˵ƹأ
ԶЩƫƫſ֣Сɣ񶼳ôˡ

ѽ常á

ǵȻԶԼǵóòֿ壬ϴЦСɡ

ǣСүү򰲡

ҪԶһ֣áȺΪ̣Ǳߺɣٺүˡ

Զࡣ

һüۣ˳ǣ塣

ţԶÿӣǿˣλǺǡ

С￴İİ¶º͵Ц⣬ҡͷض񡣡

ˣСﻹһǰһá

ʱİҲ

СոմӼԶĽлüĿ΢䣬ǳǳЦ⡣
İ˫۾һ㶣ֿ򳤹۾

۾òƫЦʱһĪƸС
ôţҲûжʲô

һȥԷԶİȥϴ£ͳԺͷǿú

Ļңһ¡

ӹһƬ꣬ڿȥȴİվڳ¡
İ³ȣһӹһ亣Ļ

΢΢һЦʵϲĻ

İƬģĪɡ



Щס

İٶԣֻǿǶ亣Ļƺʲô

һСˣһûйȥˡ




31.  31   

һûйȥ, ĹһƬհףþҪ룬ȴȻʲô벻

İһˡ

Զʱʧ, ȥʮֻܼһЩƬ
ЩƬģģǿģƾƴȫȻȥһС

ĸ˵, Ƕ뾡ȥָ䣬ײǽԹ, Ȼ벻Щʧȥļ, ô͵, ҲҲ

İĹȥ

忴Ǹվںµ, ȻڿеĺĻ, üͷ
ӰܸоǷݿĹ¶

忴, ĪЩܡ

İվãֱǱ˺, ͷ׼ʱվСﳯ¶һõЦ, غ, ɡ

һ˲䣬İһңԶڶ
Ů˵ʲô, Լں

һ˲ĸоİеĳ, ΢̾
ĸоһΣһʼȥ룬ôȥҲ벻

˵, ҪһϤĻָ䡣ҲпܣԶҲ벻

һˮ֪ȥˣôѰһϤĻ

΢̾óһԵ¨ֻձߵĻϥá
ʱһԿûпСŮǵһΡ

ͷشߡĴһߵ鷢£Ķ΢΢ơ

һֻǽ޳ֺȻסͷҵ
̧ͷʱЦһ£ü䣬ֵͷȥβĹ

ʱһ˲Ļ㱣ָֺܿǻϥ˭ģ

ġЩҪƿͣԺҲ䣬ڿʱܶǰЩϥ֮ġ
һڽ𶼣ЩֻЩ

˵꣬ǲһϥɡ

ݸʱǲǺܱů

һ޵ģʱ˿ǻϥ嵭

üȥǻϥ

ϻţúܺѽ

ջػϥֹؿʱʱüôˣ

Ҫеߡʵʵ˵

ʱƳǻϥһۣڵҪΣֲҵģ㲻ʵΡ

˵ܲٲܲٵ

һ䣬Ų
䣬Ц壬С壬ϥˣ

ţ㿴ûﲻʡ

ѻϥݹȥӹϱȻһ£ͷܺʡҲܺãӵǿͼ𣿡

ţôѧһ˳С

ֱڣʱһԿţָʶû档

»ϥʱ׼ЩҪ֡

Ҫˣʲô⾡ʣʱܺõġ
һʱ硱ȫǹά֮⣬ڡ

ʱĪЩϲ䡰ʱ硱ϵʲôû¶
ȳȥҲشֻǡ

һǵһμԴϬЩȵؿʱ

ʱ˵º񣬽յƺЩͬ

𣿿ڱ߹شˣܻЩ仯ʱڵ
ͷԭ

˴ӳȶһʱżһӴӶ泤߹
һƳòлһ˿ֵĸоܿԺ



¶ʮʢ

߽׾֣һȴԺտյһСӰ
֣֣

ûκ˻Ӧ
üһһ󲻰У첽߽ǰ͵ӣҪȻСһЦ

ЦһأڰСͨͨ˳һһܵÿ졣
ܵǰ󿴿ҿˡ

վǰ棬һִֻȵһС㣬֣

Сǻһ䣬Ҳһӳһﻨ꣬

循ȵؿǣüЦ⡣
һǰֻȭ㣬͸Ŷ

ܿ𣿡
ؿŰеĶ

ֵͷɿ֣£ŵŵС

ԼоһСڼһ̯ģȻһֻ˯ŵ
ģЩطòãܿСŨŨ⡣

ק䣬Щţϲ𣿡

󿴿ҿСӣۼŰԽԽţСƺҲסڵش

һЦֵգȻÿ⻹ҵһյôȤСӡ츳

һ䣬СǶʱͲסһ׳Լı

СѼСè֮İڼҲɱ״ʵƷ

һһȥһһСϲЦտ

һʱܹӣһ
һƣһƵıӣӱԵһֻɰС̬䣬ϻһ

Ɑճ죬һ㲻Сġ

ǡ

ǺСҪ͸ģҲģǲǺܺÿ

С磿

ѽ

ֿеıӣó԰ֵµıӡ



СģƶС˰ŵġ

ˣС㲻ǰٻˡ
һ̾Լ֮ǰ롣

˴Сıӣҿ˿ҪǵðҸлŶлĻҲһ

С˵ˣпձ㡣

á

뿪׾ֱ֣𶼽⡣

ԼĪ˰ʱɼԶһԺɽ֮䡣

Ժ̷һͥԺһ·ߣԺɽ£ɼɽһʢţԶһƬϼ֮һ䣬Ⱦ㡣

аͶݵżЦżȹȾŮӴּ䣬ɾ

ƫƫˡ

Ļߵи߸£һܽ¶˸ơ

Ų¥ֱϣһƴͿ͵ȵСè
ҲǣԭСè

Ļһ⣬Сŵõڵء
ǳȷӦܳȥĻ˽쳢һƿˡ

ЦеؿŻĻǰ§סĸ첲㣬ֻһСڣһСڶѡ

ѽѧԽԽ˵ˡĻ˴Ķͷ

˿һƣ˼£ʲôԼȻҪģ

ȻҪоѽһƣա
˸ͻơ

ĻҡҡͷƿסһƣС

СʱһסһֻģôѽҵҶԼһ𣿡

գŻĻ

ĻҡΣЦŽͣǲܺȾƣǲܺ㣬ʵҡ֪ȾƣЩ̫˵ĹƹϾҲ뿴һоҶİɣ

ϾҶҪȥģ߲ˣ˵ҪΪ˵ķ̸ʡ

ͳһۣͬʱ§סĻ

ĻЦŰԴһǰһǻȥ

綨ʱյЩС÷׷Ѿ
ԺʶѣڳǱʵúܣͶʲôʲô

ݡһһֻź

Ҫˣ̽ص

忴ʣµһֻһƣֻ˳

䲻Ҫδһ䣬Ӧá

һ׼ڣҪͶȥźü˵
ת󿴣һۿŽ۵ʱ

ٴɫѣĵխ߼Юһ˲ֵơ

ߵǰһɢڵصļֻ׾Ρ

ϻЩţʲôʱȴȻת

ţ

岻˼ʱеļҽ㡣

۾һ־òԣΥ𣿡

ǣ˵㡣ʱ˿ûв˼

Χ۵СǵЦеֱӵΥ棬Υ棬󡣡

һ裬ȻҲЩڴ
ʵ֪ԼʵԼͶһʮְգʱĻͶеĸʶ

Թת
ʱվ̧ߵ˵˼Ҫ졣

ָĴУᴥС֣˼ΣͶ

һ䣬еļ˲Ͷ˳ȥ

ʱƺ嶢֧ڿ䣬Ͷڣף˼£ס

ŵٿȻ䣬Сﾪϲؿʱĵˣˣ
˫ۣһ˹סСģ

Щæջ֣һ㱧ס

СﻶȸԾһ󣬲Žƽ
ȰȻо޵Ŀ⡣

ʱվΨһӣ˵һʮֺÿӢӡ

óдСǣʱ䣬ĴԶ

ȵǱֵһУͣ
˺üʱϵѣôɫѣ

ʱʱ򴩵ǰ£⻹ǵһɫôĽۡ

ʱüǵˣ

ţ

ǰҲ֪˭˵ӴɫۺܺÿҪлĻҲ뿴ҴΡ

ֻһ˵Ļѽ

һ˵꣬ʶԣֺõصÿÿԺҲഩɫѡ

СֺԱ

ʱƽϣһתҪߣ
ˣôĴ뿪

ôֱף巴Щ˼ҲˣﶼǹҡĻҶЩ

ŲӦʱ
ˣô硣

ˣʱһЦҲˡ

ʱתҪߣϽסвУﻹҪ͵ġ㶼ҵ磬ôԲ
ֱҲ׳

ʱüһЦСʲôʱ˲ˣ

Ҳûв㲻С

ſ˫ۣʱ뿪

ǺãԼܲ

ʱվֱС

һȦĿȻЩĵɫɰϡ
ȡǺɰһ򿪹һɫӡ

οյ̣תһȦȥԼһһʢյĳΪϡ

ǰ뿪ģϸϡӭȥɫļġ

Сһ쵽ʱǰÿ𣿡

ϸɫӵҲԵúܿգǡô

ʱһϸ󣬵ͷţܺÿ

ллѽҽյõ
һ˫۾ʱغɫֻͫһ˵ӰǳǳЦ⡣

ʱ˫۾ֺܿƿĿ⣺ߣǵȥ



СﻶЦԶܳƬӣܿŮ໥Ȥ

ʱһƬ½ʧתűԺȥ

ٽȾա
彫СһһߣҪͻĻ뿪ʱͷ壬ȥǾƣǾҵúܣ㲻ʺϺȡ

ͷӦ˺üǣĻԶһͷȴ

أ
̹˵ˣȥЩ

ͷתߡ

ܽЩ󣬡ﲻȥ𣿡

Ͷһ

ܽ¶һۣ¶ЩܿǺ档

ֱݣһƿţŵһƵζ
ӣζŨЩ

һһƵζƮ档

ݵٿȻƿЩԺؿſڣž̳Ӳ֡

оƣǸոܽʱġ
Ǿ㣬м仹ŸСƹ

ŽʱǱĳ棬ֿʱЩͳɫ
ǰ壺С壬Һһòã

ãҲʶ㡣
ҡͷϰѾ̳Ӹ

Ѿ̳ӱøЩǶǻˣұĻˡ

Сﱳӣȥˡ

ϴγɹЩܿˣ˶ʶ
Ѿ뿪أǲҪȵøࣿ

ʱɫãߵ屳Ӱѹʮ㡣
о˿˿Σգͷ

㣬ʲô
Щ£˵

ʱЩЦȥ֪£

Ҳûк£ֲǳ˫ͷۣΪʲôҪ㣿
Ŵ۾֤Լ

𣿡ʱЦһЦʱʧס̳ӵ̳ڣ䣬ҡ

Ϲսˣ躮Ƶˡ
һ񣬲鲻Ըɿ̳ӡ

ʱ˳ƽ̳ӶžߣʱͷҲصҪǸ͵ȣԿ

һʹҡͷȲȡ

һѸ뿪
忴ſտյ˫֣ۿһʪʱ

˳ӣһί˲޳ҾƣҾơ

С˵޾Ϳޣứ䡣
һ߿һ߿ߵؿʱǻˣ㡣

޵ʱؿޣӰᡣ

޾۾

ǻˡ

ʱӣ᲻

ʱҲ׼úý

쵽ǰ˺ۣ˵ǻˣΪ֡СǲǸý




32.  32   

ʱʱһ, ٴҲⲻʧʱ

κСһ֣ĿȻס
˫ֱס, ֱ֣˫涼ЩˣǺ, Ȼۡ

˳ӣ, ˿ڴü, ؿʱ𣿡

㲻ҾͲˡ

޲, Ӳ۽ǵ, ʱ, ǻؼҡ

һ֣˲ʱ, ϻسǣһü
ҡ

ʱС, ֣Ժ᷿ߡ
Ϳ, ˫ֱ, ЩƮܽ¶

ʱߵú, Ȼȣǿϡ

ͣһʰõ᷿ǰ, ʱݣԹڴϡ
ܽˮ˫ֺգֱ㶵ʱ֣Ҳ֪ʲô

ȵϴ, ҪϢʱʱһҲԴҪȥĶ

ȥϢú˯

üǰקס䲻ţ˿ڻûҩҰҩ

һֱʱϵˣҪߣôҲϷˡ

Ϲҩˡ

ƭˡ

㿴Ѫˡ

ƭˡ



ʱ˵ʲô嶼һ䡰ƭˡ

ʱŹִСʾѾȥȡҩ䡣

ԺȻʱˣʱᱸೣҩ

ҩ𣬴ƿϵֻȥôҲ塣
С̧һſͰ͵ʱҿ壬ڻΡ

˵úЩҩƿ۸Ƶġ

ʱᵯĶͷ´λô𣿡

ǾƺúѽκȻþƺܺúȣ´ٺһ㣬ôࡣ

ָȳ̵ܶľ룬ʱЦŵͷתۿ¶Ž

ùˡ

ǡ¶һ٣⡣

ǲǻͷۡ

ûпǣʱ綼˵úˣǾͲúˡ֣ϽҪýʧ

¶ܽȰʱʾĪڶԡ

СΪӹһ٣ĵúܡ
ʱҩͿϵЩϡ

ҩ״ģһĨͻ
ϸϸͿأŰĵطſܿͻˡ

ʱַϣҪջʱֿݺۡ
ǳݺĪϤʱʱҧġ

һŰգգۣǣ㻹𣿡

Сԭ°

ʱ΢΢һЦһҳ𣿡

롣



峿ع͸Уɴڲס⡣
ԺѹŶͷ

ܽæˣѲܣ

ͷۡ

ͷһۣܵò˵
ʹǿ˽ҲЧ

ҹûкȽ𣿡
ϴγɹ˽һҹҲôܣŸҺһơ

һ룬ֻһƺ󾢴󣬹ܡ´οɲôˣūô㶼ôƣū澶ŵˣҲѹֹӻᡭ

ôˣãȻؿܽ

ܽһﲻǵˣ

֮⣬ҹзʲô𣿡

Ųϸһƣˣ

ܽʵҹһһǱصļһһӿֳ
󣬼ͣʱ

ܼ򵥣һϥҡ

û٣ֱǳû١

Ҫȥʱ߳ȥ¶׷

ȥҹ𣿹ѾȻسˣ˵ϳҪ飬ܵȹ̹ﻹڱԺ

ʱҲ֪ûѡ
Ҳףֻܻȥš

˯ʱСĥĥֱŻȥ
һֱڳļϣίίԺҲȾˡ

ôֻ࣬šϧһƣ䵽Уٳˡ

㻹ǲҪˣֵĿɺˡ

˵˵¶һԹϵı顣

ҹⲻҺȽܽ͵͵øҺȵġ룬ҺȽôܣҪûȣǸͷۡɴ˿ɼǸĺݵġ

ĺݵִӸճʹ硣
ѵ٩һִֹǱˣ

ɡʱЦЦ

ϡؿⱻ˻ôģǱͿ˰ɡ

糯ʱֱָ˳Կã̰̽ʿĸ
ŭ˽֪ǰΪ̰ãղ

۾ͬ鷢
ο̸̰£亮ʿģ

۵ʱ顣

ǻٲ˰Ǻָ̤ܿż˵ˡôִӿģ߲ˣ

ǰһֱʱûѵĻ³Ц»ץסɵúú˵˵

ʱصӿ˱׼ҲߣôΣûһеģ

żúܣԻѻ׵£ֻûн

ϣ⻹˼٩ҡ֪⼸ȥָ˵׵ýſҲúܡֹӲ֪к뷨

ʱһ٣ؿһۻѡ

Ҳν·ܲǹɺ⣺ĸ׽Ҳý뷨Щ˾ϲżﲻʲô

ѣ˵׿ɲǶһġ

ɫʱҲЩ΢

ʱҲüޱ뿪

ȻصУʱȥԷ밲Ҫ뿪ʱûɵ˵Щ
΢΢ս£ԶҩʲôҪ𣿡

ĸףý𣿡

һ㶣Զһۡ
ͷţвýš˵׵ģôˣĸװ㡭

ǣĸĪ룬ֻʡ

ȻˣұҲҪ˵һ˵ҲʺϳɻˣҲ࿴ԸҾͰޡ˵ý껹ܳź¡

ź¡

ʱҲأĸҲ̫żССǡ

˵תȥ

ûӰˣ̲סЦҲ֪ôģƵʲô˵Ѳɻ᲻ɣ

ԶţҲ

볤룬˵ͦǰӣԶ˾ӵʱһΪϲңѡˡ

ۼųҪᣬԶסĻҺͿ㿴Ժ󣬿ɻǰǰ㣿ǵ£Ҳ𼱣ܲġ

Ը˰ɡЩۣ˯һɡ

˵ſԶϣԶסЩ֣ů

˯ˣұȥϡ



ص˯һʱ
һ˯Ѻž࣬˻ģſڴһһϸСڼ

ڼһڴ̨ϣǸմɱ
ȥǸӣմɱºÿ

Թ⻬覴ãϵʢҲɾ֮С
ſڱڵֻСԵӿɰ

תͷܽԺҳӰɡ

ҪӵݸܽȻһգ̨ͶһƬӰ
ͷȥһ̧ͷʱմɱ

ҵıӡ
һҹĳ˳û٣

ʱӵݻղ𣿡

ŲǣǱ͸ҵ屦رסӣĳ

պܺãʶ𣿡

Сҡͷ

ΪΣ

ϴκ˵ǸС磬Ҷû

ʱԣлһ˿ɫ
尮ֵرǸӣϷƵһϺõķɫյУϧҲϲá

һ˵̧꣬ͷ۾ġ

СϲռֱӲյȣԣÿջһıӺˮ׿ˮܱ

ʱʣ˽ù

һǷɫͨ͸ƲĿ⡣
һһԲ豭δ񫣬ǰһգʱһź˻ȥ

СſŴ̨Űգˮ۾СС˳䡣

ʱüҪ

ͷ

ҪԣʱӵǰСҪӹֶ㿪Ҫö

Ҫʲô

Ǹ
ʱĿʾǸϵմɱ

ЩΪѣǱ͸ҵģȥá
Ҫ֪Ǻģ

Ǳһ£һ֮黹㡣ʱſ

ЩĶʱԥֵ㲻룬Ǳˡ

źתһקסӣ

Сһֽӹӣһֽմɱȥ
ЩᣬЩµϾȥࡣ

ʱǸմɱȥһȥ˷ŵ߸

ŷӦһ¡

Ҫʱôȥˣ

´μҪúѡѡҪѡ

ռҷ⼸궼ٰÿǰȥμӵĹŮɾࡣ
ֻһ£ǴҶ֪ʵҲһ״ᡣ

ֳȥ˽¼ΣǿۣºҲ˳¡

ҪТȥĳϣΪҲȥ
񳤹Ҳǳȥˡ

գͣ£
Сշ˵λãҲؿȥ

շȿǸһҺɫСֻǰһ




33.  33   

һҺɫĶɵ, ׺һԷɫķΣжλϵ΢΢

ŵЦݣ΢΢ϥշ
ȫ, շһЦǰĪտɲЩ, 

λȻŵҲ
, ܸо޵Ŀ, շƺҲƵƵߡ

, Сߣշ˲ǿ˰ɣ

ţ

㲻֪, շ˽հⳡ, Ҳѡסˣ̽̽ڷ硣

Ժʶĺ, ռŮշΪĸ, 䲻ԴŮǰӣҲǶΪտ

շңң߹, ֡
뿪, 뿪ϯλڵ˵˻ؿǱ, ͷ

һ߳ԹӣһǱߡ
ͷ, 뿪ջĿ⡣



ոշȥ˵ϯλֻйҡ
峯һЦ, £ұΪ㲻⼸տæ

֪ϿλҲˣչš

û˵꣬˼ס죺ɱ˵ǵġ

չΪѽ

磬ѾϿĹӶ»ԼǴ֮ˣҲôţȷһδ뷨ֱ׽˵Щ˼

ߣ

㻹֪ӡ
ס˿ŹУʹ˿ˡ

С壬ô

ôУǸúúùܹܡ˵ЦŽǹӵС

Զһ໪µС˵Цѭȥ
Ŀһ٣ȤؿǸǳЦӯӯŮ

үǱǰ֪ͨ˵ǻżз纮ˡ

ЦһĻǵõϢˣ˶ҡ
ܹһЦǰȥ

Щӿƾ٣ֳտնģĸȰüΣſϹƣ˾Ǳߡ

ָŵ»߹һλ¹ӡ
ǹݰ׾ģЦº񡣳евٹﳯȥ

忴ȥûֳԺãԺҲǸɸɾģ߷̵˶Сˡĸ׻ʹֳ˵ƾ֮ǰֻù飬պȢҲֻһˡ

徲ţӦҲ֪ûȥ
˵˺ЩĺûѾߵշ˵ϯλǰ

Ⱥշ˲֪˵ʲôֳ

ʲôʱ򵽵ģôҲȵңЦ

ȤҿɵȲֳһʱˡ

岻˼ЦЦ⿴λλǡ

ͳ̹ҵѡ

忴໥¡
˵Ҫ壬ԱߣĻش⡣

䣬˿ŹӹȥʾĪԡ

ˣС岻ǻǰԺӮ㣬ϳһΣֳҲһӡ

忴ĿҲЩΡ

Ҫ𣬺Ȼһ֡
ѭȥһϳµ˭ܡ

ͳһۣеûж𾪡

⿿Ļ˾֮·˽֪
һ֪ĻƲˣµԵɡ

˲ͬȻ֮ˣ׷

շ˸Ǿ֣ȥ
ܳշ˵񣬲ŵضҲ˼˼ո֡շĪͻ

ҡ

շ˶ͷðһ亹˭֪λźƣʵαĺݣЩܱܱܡ

ⳡҲΨгкȲ裬ܳЦſϽǳĿͣɣһҪʼ

շԣм֮顣
һԣ˶ںδ⡣

Ȼעųжȥ

忴ųнƵȻñ΢ڶ
ϲԣɿų¡

Ȼϯλ֮ĸϴЦǱ̫ҳЩ󡣡

ôһõȥǵĿ⡣
忴չһЦ

忴ĨЦ΢΢ʧѸջĿ⡣

кѷʤֱһ̣ӲշΪʤ

۵Цͳһվơ
ʶСҲͷǣյõĽƷ

ǲ³һΣϳӮ

ԺҲμӹ˶֪ʵס

һϳ˵ʲô̷Ӧ
ˣ̫ҲǻſǴɡ

һ֪˵ʲôЩʧ䣬ֻ岻Ըһϳ

һĽƷһ֧ղҡСǽƷߵշǰҪȫ˿һۡ

һƳȻš

շһЦ£ⲽҡ𣿡

Ҳǡǲҡ˿ⶪ
Ҳ֪̫󣬻ǲҡһ˲ɢ¡

ⲽҡƷʲѰЦЦ

շ־ҪȥһƷлѣȻǿҪʧˣȥһ

ˡϯλ

֪Ŀ⣬ü΢вõĸо
ҲоԣջĿ⣬㵲ǰ

ܼ屻˻ţһЦЩƷ̫ȤһϳǽƷָɺã

ҪʲôΪƷ

򵥣λ﷢ξͺ鶯ΪƷɡ

һָȴָ巢ĺΡ
Ŵ󣬺ýжϯλҲ

ɫʱѿ˵ʲô尴ס֣ҡͷ

岻֪ӽΪҪΪֳϺͶִһ¡

˵꣬ϯλһ

᲻صط²յ΢䣺Ů֮ȡΪƷ¿ĪҪ˵Ц

շҲǳŭƫܼװĸˣһԷζѣعĸֶǡֻǰЩĸ˵ҪһԺΣ﷢ĿʽѰҲδѰƵĿʽҪӮȥ͸ĸҲԸ֮

ܿĹ
⻰д©ٳһڶѡ

崹ȡ·ΣŵܽУ䡣

ͬؿҡͷʾĪ

ܽǶߵǰ˵˼䡣
ͷŽηǰ£Ҽҹ˵ˣȻϲҲԸ֮˶͸

͸ȥӮ

ܲӣⱾ죬ֻһʧȤζΪƷǱӮԹ鱾ĪǲűӮ

ֱӿ塣

˵Ŀⶼ֪㲻ǰҪϯλ

ЦдЩ⣬壬ûעⳡ߹

һۣ첽ȥǰ

һ٣̧ͷǸߴӰ
ʱ˵˲䵲ȥвĿ⡣

忴̲ססһǣȻ

ֻҪڣͲҪЩˡ

ʱܽΣܶӣĿ䵭ʤ˱ҳ£ܶԼһӮ

ʱţܿ壬Ҳļ
δԼһӮֻλƺΪһ䡣

ʤһı䣬Ҳδ˵ĻԣһΣ

ʱǰߣ̧ͷҪȰҪ嶯
ûڣʱ˼࿴ĵǣֱģһӮ

ʤ˱ҳ£һӮ




34.  34   

ɿʱ, ߵ档

ɫѲͣʲôҲΣѵֹҲҪΣ

˵µһīӣӮ, ֪ԸԸ

ɫһǰǰҫӣʱҪע

Ŀ֮, һǾͿִûˡ

ʱü, һδ¡
, ʱʱһɫװ

ٴɫϵ, , Ե˸ӱͦ, ƫƫȫһܿϵС

忴װһʱҲûӦ, ʱͷôˣһ䡣

, ҡҡͷ˵Ӯ, һӮ

ôңʱЦ, ոʲô

룬ʲôʱ׼װ, ˵ղġ

٣

Ŷ

岻, Ļ

֪ʱæŲ鰸ÿɳ©Ҫüء
ƫƫôҪпա

շ˾ٰĿ, ʱ˭ס
ҴҸ뵹ܿΪѡ

˻ʱѾ˵

һɫװոģЩͬ

ߵʱǰֵԸֹһ֮

ЩȵȻոһֱӣһֱǸˣܲóЩ

ڡΪѣ徹վߡ

ոԼסӵĿ⣬Щм
ǳǳһЦлչӰæ

ĪãЦж˼͡

ϲãﲻضұҲ³һΣ񲻹ᡣ

˺Ц̸ʱһ塣
΢΢һҲ֪ǲ⣬õסĿ⡣

壬óܽȡΣŵģúãĶ

ԣκ˶ȡߡ

߻ϯλʱңңһۣ

ɫؿһĻ۵Ц֮⡣

Լľˣתǰ˵ֹڱ߾ʱܹˣ֪ɻӰ죿

үǣµѾȬ

ֹӴҪСЩþɼѿճ

ʱΪ

ԶǰӴСЩǻᡭ

ʣµĲ

ǸعصˣΪֶΡ
Ҳںô˵ϾҲ˸

̲סš
ߵýЩؿ

ʱȽһУ۾һɺÿ

⻹һοʱ̫º񣬷˺ʱģ
ڣ񿴵һ档

ʱܣȷֽ

ɫѿսе⡣

Ӯˡ̲סĵ

忴ųеƣҲ̵֪ܷĻ᲻ࡣ

ˡһ彫С
һϲϯעʱһʱûĿ⡣

۵Щʧ䣬вָ˾
ֻһ統ͷӭ־̺֮ܡ

ͷѶ־壬Щˤ
ɲǼֱһ˽

ǷܽһɹС

סˣĸ߸ߵ

ո巴Ӧ죬˭Ҳ֪һȥΡ
ӵǲܲˣֻΪӮ

Ŀʱˡ

ܶ׼ʱسйأʱͼϡ
ʱ죬ղ

㼴ȼǶԱȷֳٳ׷ϡ

Ŀ׶ضŶ棬ʱӹעȫϡ
ܵȥ

˲ʱ֮䣬˶סΪʱӴ˽١

ʱ˳ԤĹ켣ǰȥ
䵽֮ϣֻҪһ˲ʱܾͱƷڵء

һ˲֮䣬ʱһ߸
ɨգǸ߸䣬ݺһߣе߷ɣֱ۷顣

ͬʱ˳򶴡

ȼһ죬˳¾

ʱߵߣֵá

ֱ֮УƤЦⲻЦصֹӺգǱ͹ˡ

Ҳû뵽Ӧһʼ˵ոǲС˵Ѵ̡

ܴʱû˵շԼһۡ

ʱ˷ǶµпԣЦһԸǱˣǸīվͻ͵ϡ

뿪˵һҲֱ뿪
һߣպͻ

ͳߵ£ʱһܵǰЩŵûˣ

ûСʱҡͷʾԼ¡

һﾪڣԺ㻹ǲҪˡ

δ㲻ˣ¸޼ɵ㡣
̫ӣֱǴ緶ķ̲ġ

ģ˵һӮ

Ҳˡ岻ͬص
Щʱ赭д

֮Щ΢ȥɫǰʱлոնлֹȣֹӣҿܵҪˤȥ

ʧҲ㱻С

صлǶѡ

һʱ·ֱĸĹӡ
ЦЦһʱҲ֪˵ʲô

ʱ뿪ʱվԭأǲнԶˣĪЩζ

ֳЩʧ񣬿˼ʹС壬˵ֹӲֹϵ

𣿡Цһת뿪

ʱȥѣţȻãʱҲδ
ĪЩѯʣʱ磬𣿡

Ӧ˻

һţƿӾߡ
ڸһ磬첽ߵ󣬡ôˣǲˣ

һ䣬ҲΡ

ʱδɢһۿϵĸ
ʱҲδ뵽ָһ٣½ɢЩ

һ㶣ѸٸΣæӣ첽ߵ

ʱͷ˿ԼЩɢҵѣһЦ

ЦĶУ޲ھߡ
ţûʲô̧žܡ

ִһЦ

ܣСⲻ԰ɡ

һͷСͣңΪˡҺˣûгҲŽġ

ĪҶˣû

Ľˣ֤ܽ

ܽѾߣ˵ʲôȻӦʲô

żܽŹص⡣

֤ãּߣ̲סͷ뵽ʲôϽס۾ǿûй͵㡣

ţ֪ˡ

ʱǳǳЦţҲ֪ûš
ڳ߹֪ʱָæӣ

ʱߵǰЦЦС壬û˵һʣ

ʲôʣ

ˣڶ塣

סԼ۾װûпɲ͵Сˡ

岻ˣ۾ǰߣÿҪȥˡ

ܲ³ʱվ۾ƿ
ǰԴĳϡ

ôһײ۾ֱһײʹ
ֱײŽƵѣµʱѾۡ

ɿ˫֣ƿǰߡ
һȴǽקס

Сգλͷû͵㡣

ʱü㼱ʲô

СԹ
Щ˼̫ҿʱ

Ѿѣ뵽ո΢¶ŵӡ
ܼǸ棬Ҫǡ

С¶ģƫĳ˻Ҫ᣺ðɣ㲻СĿˣô죿

ʲôô죿

ŮܲףƽӿŮ¶˫ţҪġ

循̧ͷתúܿ죬ҡͷʲôû
˵ִ꣬ҴƲĿ⡣

ʱɿ䣬ͷ
ı߶㣬ı߿

СﱻƵΣֻÿʲô

Ҹոһð취֮£㲻˵Ҳ˵֪֪֪֪¾͵֮Сܣ𣿡

ʱĿܴ⣬·ֻһĺð취

忴ϵ۾֪ôģͷӦ¡

ֱߵ⣬źȻӦ

ʲôСܣ

Ƕ˵ʲôûѵӦð׵Ժ󣬳

СܣҪһֱţ

ԼһŲȽУƫƫõĿġ

Сһͷˮ뿪ʱԶŻ߳
ͷһȣվò뿪

صϯλʱѾһ
°Σʱߵ¡

屾˵٣ܿҽ뿪

廹ŸոյΣҿҲĳˡ

Щģ忴㣬ס˼ʲôʱɢȥ
Խעʱ䣬ʱ·ø

ʹԣɫЩס
ͷб˿Լ

ȻԵλƺһˡ
ͷЩð亹̧ͷ

ʱɫ԰ףĶͷ̡

ôˣ

ҡҡͷ˵Լû¡
ʱƺ˵ּŸһ˼뵽ʲôߡ

۵Ҳû˼ȥȥʲô
ӣСۡ

̷ӦţҺĸ˵һϻȥ

ȥأʱߡ
δ߳ȥͼԶͣź

ǰźðʣ˵ˣȥԺϢ

Ժ𣿡

һӡ

غʱȥԺʡ

һ·еúȣٵ

ȵԺʱѾ۵˵
ȥȴԼ˫ŷ飬Щվȡ

ܽǿɫҰףȥͺˡ

С壬߶𣿡

ͷߣ߼۵ó

֮ͣ䣬˴Ҵߵߡ

Ҫ̧ͷȻһ˶Ȼ佫ᱧ
һϤĲ˲䰲

֪񲻺ϣҲûʱ̫ࡣ

ʱһ·ݣὫŵϣһů¯СﻳС

循ؿǸů¯δӦʱһһֶˮ

ϢղŻȥ

ˮů¯ůţʹƺļࡣ

ԹԺˮЩ顣
ů¯ͺˮģΪ

Ϣɣ˯һͺˡ

ͷʱ򱾾ֲҲ˼ȥЩ

ڱů¯ůţ彥ɡ
κβʱʹ޷˯

תɣȴ¡
ʱһ飬һ

һҳţػʱڡ

ǻݣעתƣʹĸ֪
۾ʶǶƮԶ

ܿ죬ĺƽȣֻȻüƺš

ʱ»ָḧƽüűӡ

˯ƺ˭ο̫ңԶ塣
ֻİΡ

ʱߵ䣬ʵ˯ˣ

ţʱͷȳȥЩҪ㡣

ôˣ

ÿζ۵ô𣿡

ţֻϴûôۣԽǲųġһǲŵġ

𣿡

ҲӦûСʲô

ʱԣܽһųȥ

һ˯һʱʱѽƻ裬ƿܿѤõϼյûƬƬƲʡ

ˣ

ϤЩִٵػͷͷӦ𣺡ţںöˡ

ʵΣǲСײѣΪ۶

岻֪˵ʲôվԭأʱٿڡ

ʱƺҲΣʣתһ˽

̧ͷһֻǸŮ

ؿʱʱûжͣ

ŮһһЩ⣬ʳҲǷ񾭳ʹûгʳȵȡ

һһˣҲӦŮʲô

ʱȺ򣬼ʵΣ

λںأǺءҿӣƽʳƣһӾͺá

л򣬻Ҫע𣿡

ֶһЩ飬ʱһһֽ

ţȵŮˣ߳
ʱµһűͷʹ

ǸԲҩ𣿡

һ뵽ԺնҪҩ·Ѿ뵽պҵӡ

ʱ˹ۺֽˣ

ˡ

´Ҳۣ



֪ԼþܾҩǶˣҲ˵ƫƫʱ̲סҲֻһΣҩҪȡҲ˵ˣʳƵġ

С˵üίȰ

ʱҩͷҩȷʵࡣ

̧ͷεؿʱһЦҩ˵ĻȴúܣǣٿҲȡ

йһЩģŶ

һû˵ꡣ

˺ҩԺһš




35.  35   

μ, ϰһС輸ɫϺõīӰڷϣδӮ
ʱһ, ָӣִӡ

úܣ֪Լ, ˱ȻӮʱһӮ

ʱ, 뵽ô𣿡С, á

Ǹո˵, Ӯһ, վ͹ԹԺҩ

ʱ΢΢ü, ִźҡڲ̧ͷȷӮ, 㶼ҩ

Ȼ˵㻰ͷӦ¡

һ, ʱеĺ¡
岻صͷȥѾµú, ͲܡӮ

岻ŵؿ, ո䶨ľڴ˿̷תִŰһʱ޷䶨

ƺ, Ӯ

嶢оһ, ȻӦԲ۾ʱҡ

һʼڸ˼άܣǹľ

Ҫ㻹лᡣʱЦ, һ㲻˵ģ

ִӣ䣺£ô£

ֹãѳɱӮ֮ƣ޷תܡ
ط°ӣЩɥصҩɡ

Ըķ䣬ŵˡ

ŨĿҩζܿƮžͽθܡ
忴ҩٴС

ƫԱ˻ʵؿҩ

뷨ӹҩסӾͺȡ
ʧ飬ζø

ҩػ岻ԼӦʱ䣬ڽҩȾ
ٷҩ룬˸˪һ㣬ɵɵ

̫ѺˣƫƫҪŲ³Ȼûеڶ

С˺һʱ

ƺ£óһǹֽݹȥǹ

ζڽ忴ǿǹסʱ֣۴һڽǹȥ

ʱһȻֹ
С̫ļûע⵽ָǹܽ

һǹ촽ʹָ
ЩʪĴһ룬ʱջ֣ĴָʳָĦ

΢΢Ŀ壬ƺʲôûע⵽

źɫ
С԰ԡϦУľһĹΡ

ľˮżҶƮ䣬ƮԶ
׷ƬҶԽƮԽԶ

żջĿ⣬һ̧ͷȻԼʱվü
һ̧ͷ˿ɨԷǼ⣬ŵϺŵ㡣

ڣһ̶׽͸ıͦ͸ŵķۣϼϸСëҲܿ

һÿȴȻЩͬ
ں˫ۣȻͷٿ

ʱоǵĿʧźۼž롣

ͣͣС԰һȦ
ƿͬ԰ǵľţոյʱȻֺС塣

ôˣ

ʱṴЦ⣬

ֻһ򵥵ĵ忴ЦݣĿЩ졣
æӦǣת첽ߡ

ľšءһϣһȻվͣԭء
Լ촽ոһֱԵӭͷ

ոգǲָˣ



֮ʱʢš
żк׷仨ֻ֦ͣͷ

̤Էǿú¿һˡ

Щ밲ÿζܿ塣
ʱվں£ʱվں¡

İ˵ʲôֻǶЦһЦ

á

İ񣬳ȥһЦЦ

ǳǳЦİЦݣȴЩͬ
յ壬Цݸ׽ЩִĪ˸С

岻룬߽ҡ

վڴǰԶ˵ʲô
һǾ

ԶĿ⸴ӵؿ߽С΢̾һЦȳȥİ̸£˵ɡ

Զȥһߡ
۴⣬᣺⼸ǲЩΪǼ壿

ǿúϲĻ

Ҳǣ˵⺣ǵƬΡǰļҲһʢŵĺĻ

Щϲпָܻ𣿡

Ŀԡȵָ䣬ܼԼ˭ںηϡһ˵һ߿塣

˼ǧ׻Խ⡣

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û뵽ͻȻἰ£΢죬ЩãȻ

ûС

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š岻Ӧ

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Ҹȥ𣿡

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Ժʱؼҡ
ż棬ʱ嵹û뵽һס

ǲϲ

յؽͷ֪ھӾһŽʲô벻

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ֻǼһ棬ֲǶסܵüһԼʲô
ߣȥûܾĻᡣ

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ʱһȥǱšףҲΡ

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ǸߣһСҲҴҸ¡

µĵǳʪζ
ˮ·յֻʣϷһԲοڵû

ˮµ
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𣿡
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ֽϱǽΣһԲεͼ湴ֵĻơ
ʱüͼǵǡ

ͬ󰸵Ĵһͼھôͼ

µȺȫɾôܻ

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ʱһΣõСǰҪ˵뻹δǰʱֱǷ

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ۿһͼĿһʲô

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ʱ̿Ͼǡ

Ӧ˵ʱ϶ֱǡ

Щ̿Ӧö꣬ùڡ

ô

̫٣Ҳܶ϶Ƿ뵱֮йءΪʱӦݾߡ

۳˼Σʣ˰֮㰵е顣



ɣƹ鰸ߵʱǰַ޿㳤Ҳ޵ı۰ο

ⶼǳӦı֡

ֻ㣬ô֡׵㷢Щ̿ͲԣҲδܡ

µӣûгЩ̿Ҳóѡʱƶ

Ц˵öԣЩС֮Զ޵ߡ
ǰصʱƺ뵽Сʱ򰮲ССͯ

ʱʱ˵ҪػɽӣҲˡҲֻЩҲСˣúúÿǻ¡֮ˣͻ顣

һƵĴ߻ģʱҲֻλش𣺡ųɻ顭

㲻ĸҪˡһ¹ϣôɣ

ۻлʱ˲ס

ϵѴ۶ߣǿʱģԸȻܲµЩߡ

ʱһʱ֪ôشЦļ磺㰡Ҳʱ򡣲ɣҲҪץСı˽ȵǡ

ǰʱвǾ䡰ȵǡʲô˼

ҴСˣĻ˲׺Ϊȵǡ



²¥Ѿȥ˺ðˡ



²¥¥żٺƿܿκеŮ
ºһգκ֮˱ܶࡣ

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Ҳû뵽ռѡżٽżЦ˵Щʧ

κ𣿡忴ĲڣżЩƣ⣬һȥκɺã

żƣǲ֪˵Щʲô
һյһյЩԼ塣

룬ڵ˼ҡ

ðȥɡشȥ

յСЩҲЦһЦôšҪף͵ֻǺ

΢΢ͷᣬһߵߡ

ƮЩ֪Сůںϣһ紵ЮŵĻ㡣

帶СǮסһȥ



չһѽ·𿴲Ϊѣȥ

Сͣڰߣ
лչӣҿԵġ

Լ̤ϴ
һȥЩҡΣվţһʱҶ

ֱζŻ¡

աŬסӣ£ƺ鷳
ס۵׵ʧ䣬档

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żе棬ͷʱ֦ιң׺ڷķΡ

ۼֿؽסǷΣܿ췴ӦǳǳһЦлл

áЦӽš
ϥϵսɣؼ¡

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ҫĺˮ¶ȣָ䴫ʮᡣ

һƬҶҪɾȻ˳ǱȿƿԼ㡣

岻ؿ˫͸Щɫֻͫ©һġ
룬Ҫ˵ꡣ

ҲٵȣΪµȵƿұҲûлˡ

ЩףҪ˵ʲôչӣҡ

ȵ˵𣿡

һ٣ϣĿ⣬ǵͷš

£㲻ǵˣǵһҲ¡

Ժ⣬ǴżȻۼٽѧʱ֣ȥؼҡ
£һ죬Ժ½½߳ҡ

ȺѰȴһۿǸһµŮüʢǹЦ⣬һ˲䴳С

ҵһμǼطȴ·𿴵˾֮ϵŮʱ룬ٵȵȣҿƿȡù⡣

̲ס㣬ǽŽؼҵɣҪ˵仰뿪ԺҲûˡ

뵽ʲôЦҡҡͷʱ̫ɵˣΪҪõźվǰǵٴμʱҲŷǰĿж

ĸ˵ףһ棬⡣Ҳ֪Ƿע⵽ңһҪŬһ£һ㿴ҡ

һԵؽõĻ˵ꡣ

徲ţϣ׽˼

ףǰɡ

˶ƺһ˲䶼˶Է˼

չӣԲҲܻӦ⡣

Ǿܾˡ

Цһ̧ͷ˵ЩʲôȻߵŵˡ
ЩҪ˵Ļվ˵ڡ

չӣܺã㽫һһŮӡ

ֻǣǸ˲㡣

һ٣Ȼ֪Ȱȥ
ֻʲô˵õġ

Ŵߣ˰ţٶһ䡣

򼴽Ȼڣ٣̫ԥŻ㻹ʱ䣬ҪҪԼڡ

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һۣЦݣһΣܴܲҵֱϰ

彫˵ף΢ɣá

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̫Զϵı顣

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ǡ

ô
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һô¡

ʱػɫ䣺ǰҵȻչףǲǣ




36.  36   

ǵһμʱôģ
Ǻº, ʱҲһʱࡣ

ڣ׵˲˵

ףֻǼһ档ʶҪϡ

ֻǼһ棿ʱЦ, ȴЦ⣬С壬Ҳˡ

, ҡ
Щֲʵڲ֪ôڵʱ

Ѿú˵ˡ

Ϊʲô
Ϊף

С̧ͷСĵؿ, ᳶ˳䣺ʱ, Ϊײ𣿡

ʱ, ؿһ, ŵؼҰɡ
ת, Щ㶵صں棬ӦһŸϽϡ

ʱӴ, ˵ҪСܸܲ
Ҳ֪ǲʱĲӽ, ȻûлͷһСȴܽĲӡ

Զ, ҲŸȥ, еظԱѾߵȥ˵һʱǻظ

ȥ, һ
ոδȡƿ, һڳĳһԲ

ظϣڰš

岻Ӧʱ̽һ⣺ղ𣿡

㲻ϲҺһʱ̧ͷ, Щ䵭طʡ

Ͻҡͷǣֻ㶼档

Ҳ

ǻش

ǰɡ

ʣǰʲô𣿡
Ϊףôֻа˰ɡ

Сһ̽ƫƫŵ˲ϡ

ǡ

ҲǣҲǣΪʲôô

еɥò֪Щʲôˡ

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ǵĿͣãõ岻֪òûͷ

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һֻ޳ַסµľ䵽Сͷϡ

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һ̧ͷǰ鷢ɨգСĺ˫ڵϣֻҵƿĿ⡣

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ɫѹɫУȻɫ½΢

һ̧ͷײ˫С

ʱ硭

š

ʱӦ䵭Щܲա
ᳶ䣺ܲܲҪѽ岻á

ʱ̬Щɢһ۱ѹŵɫУϲЦ⣬

ʱסСʵϵػش

˵˵κ˵ʲô

ǡһ٣û˵ȥ

Щ˵ǲЩã

˵

û˵ʲô

𣿡
ʱһ΢΢һ죬СȦԼĵ

Ȼҿʱ磬ܱ𡭡
ô

꣬˵
ʱһָ˫ϣܾ۾΢ԲͬһֻŵСӡ

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϶˵ԭȵƿ㡣ֻϴһҲȲȥ

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˵˵ôģ
ʱ뵽ոڰ߿ǳ̸Сǲ˵Ը⡭

Ҳʺ

ҵ˼Ȼϣʱһ˵ʲô

Ҿܾˡ

һ仰硣

ʱϵĵѹȻɢȥ΢оѹȸн

Ϊʲôܾ

Ҫ𣿡嵥ʣֻǾԼʡ

ɼʵ

ٶȽ򽫳ͣȡ

忴˺üʱûȥ˼ԼҪǰߡ
һ½һһȥЩ

ʱʱַסֱۣһۣСѹס½ˡ

ʱ½ǳվţһֱۡ
ʱֱۻſ

ʱ磬㡭

ʾſԼֱۣʱȻһȥ¡

ʱողΪ𣿡

ڸ㣬壬˱ɴС壬Ҳϣȥףϲվűӡ

´ٿҿܻᶯ



ص÷ԷʱЩ㱡
һ⸱ʧģΪԼ̼ͷˡ

С壬ͱֽ𣿡
ҡҡͷڱ

ǡ̽ʵ

̧ͷգգۣΪײġ

𣿡һϲΪʲôΪ𣿡

ûʣ˵

˵ʲô

˵ϣȥס

𣿡

С򴽣ҡͷûˡ
ܾúĻǲҪ˵Ϊá

ôһ䣬Ҳ˷ˣûмʣΪʲôϣף

ûС

ѽôʣѵû𣬱ֽΪĺǰмôģ𣿡

ûС

԰ô侲ŵһˣȻô˵ĻͲ

׳˼ҡҡͷҲʡ

Ϊʲô
յӣЩˣΪûǸ𣿡

Ǹܡ

ӵһͯϱҥʱ
ٺ⣬ֻ֮

ϰʲô˵ϰȥǹ
ϰΪûвʲôԡ

ԣˣֻǰڿӡ

ĬãҲš

ܽ

񣬿棬ôˣ

ʱˣﲻȥԷ𣿡

徭ѣ̧ͷ档

ʱƻ裬ɫӦȥԷҩš

Ĭһҡͷղȥˣ˰ҩ͹

ܽһ㶣Ӧá

ϢԷʱһͣīȾ
±ʣһ籸õǹŵһȥɣǵöţ

ҩûθţһǳԵúĥ䡣
ʱҲĵꡣ

񲻺һţ忴ţûθڡ
꣬Īʱ֮ǰĻ

ԣ䲻ţȵҹܡ
ǵʱʳ᳤֡

Ų᳤ء

СֹܽΪԣҪȰһȰ


ܽûʼȰּӣֳ

ܽ¶һۣﶼЩȡ

Źɫȫ
߽С԰ߵľϾˮ

ˮ棬䵽ļͷŤͷЦؿôˣ㲻ǰͣļͷ𣿡

һ˵һ߿ԡ
Կģľֻһˡ

֮ǰźܻһС԰ԺźһиϰΪ

ԶǧҲǹ

գ棬ƵøЩ
ƺֻҪڣǧٸҲ¡

ƺоʧ䣬ССԴ˲ա
תߡ

ԶСźȻ򿪣һתʱ߽

ͣ¡

վϣվǰĿӣ˭Ҳûȿ˵

ؿɵʱǱߣצ䵽ļͷ

һͣס
΢΢ͷʾ⣬æţתȥ

ͷҲص뿪ССתתɹȥϡ

ССĻ԰ֻʣ·
ʱվԭأ̯ģ˿ľ̾һ

ǲЩ̫żˣ

Żӵô죿

żգûȥԷ
Ҳ֮ղԡ

ջʺĹҪ԰ٰͻ磬Ѿյǵʱһȥ

һЩҪעǣš

꣬Ҫͳһ뿪ֵС壬Щ˵

ŲµһЩתȥ

վԭأĿԡ

ߵߣס֣ʱǲǶ˵ʲô

Щ̧ͷ̣ҡ

ţСߵ鷢Цᣬãôģ̶֧㡣

ȻҲ֪ʱ˵ʲôǿôգӦҲʶһЩ顣ʱ벻ǾͲҪˣ˴һЩʱ䡣

ºͣĳְĵ

нͷãһԼһЩʱġ

Զʱǡ仰

䲻֪ǰԺȴܲµ˼

ǰų£ָЩָţ˶ȥôȰ

һ£ȥ壬ȴȥ֪ͨʱ
£Զ֪

㶮ʲôصһԶСԻûʱһҲϣĿ

˵ˣѵӱ⣬ŮҾ͵ӦҲ㵱

ۼųҪǰԶصöԣǸúõȵȡϾԺҪҲֹСһء

Է⣬߳ȥ´һ
͸ʮ㣬ܿʼһֻɫë

ɫİطţĳɵͷ

۵׻ȣ壬Ȼ𡣡

İӣֻһɰɡԣƺ׽㡣

ţһչˡһСõģֻϧСˡ

ĸĸأ

ĸĸҲˡ˵ƷֺϡУҲ֪Ժܲҵһ롣
˵СԴҲ׽չȥ

żῴİۣƺΪոյܺ档

İǸСӣһ
УųԵЩ˷ܡ

壬ĺϲ

İӣǰϲ
ǰӵݹȥ͸㣬ԺԶˣ԰

͸ңĿ¶ȣ֪òýӣӶ

ģֻġ

лл塣
ü΢䣬ӹӣоһڿһ

ЩƣİĴ͸ǿ

Щ˼ط£İЦһδӣܴѾܰˡһҽá

Ҫȥ

ңİһ٣Ŀ͵ؿ壬ҴȥѰҼ䡣

ѰҼ䣬ҪȥңѾһЩˮǰԼ𣿡һʳ

꣬ȻԼЩͻǸҲ̽£ֻǺܸȥ

û£ոʵЩ⣬Ժش㡣С壬ҿ𣿡

šͷ
ദʱ䲻࣬ĪҪ

ʵϲǹɹ¶Уϣָܻ䣬һĹȥ

С壬ãҵļ˻ԭ𣿡İͻȻ

岻ؿôôʣ

İԺǽǺĿ⸴ӣΪʧô꣬˾ίġңôܣúܻơ

ΪʲôҪûƣĻĿͬⲢĴһУѰˣǻܿĵġôࡣ

ã

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ָܻ䣬һҪٶȻصߣǺúÿ㡣ȥ޷ֲԺ󻹻кܶʱ䣬ֲǣѡӱܡ

˵ƶ

İСͨʲôͷãָ䣬һٶȻصߣǣЩҲǡ



պİ뾩վڸǰĿ뿪

ۼӰԶȥЩ꣺Ҳ֪һָܻܲ䣬ù

ģϳĻһһָܻ䡣

ôôƶ֪ʲô𣿡š

ֱֻˣȻȥѣջҪ硣

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ʱδ԰ǰͣ

־ԣһͣ£ȥĿ⡣

һˮɫȹŮվ¥̨֮ϵһۿȤؿţĿԡ

ʲôһ

ջĿ⣬ЦؿǴǣֲҲˣα֪ʡ

԰֮Ͻͻɣʵ»ʺĹΪ̫Ӻѡ޶ٰ졣

ֲôҲ

ܻлǴǿ΢з⣬ҲҪʲôʲôĪԼǻˡ

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δ񣬾ֱ뿪

ǴĿº;ʧã֪뵽ʲô׼뿪ʱһƳ¥³ȿһ˵Ӱ

Ŀ˲

ע⵽ĻǸС뵽ոܵĿ⡣

޼ɵǡ

ֹ֪ͨӣ԰




37.  37   

԰ľ, һһно¡
Ҳ࣬żͶĿ⣬Сۡ

ߵұ, Ļߵ࣬ǡõסΧ˵Ŀ⡣

˵յˣ㲻صġ
Ļҿ, ѹ»ؾѵһ١̬Ȱ, Щʲô

Զ, 󣺡ôᡭ

ĻЦһ, ˵ı, 㰡, ˭ֹӵ⣿´С۰ôӦҪ󣿡

㻹˵, ǱΪ˴̼СҲ֪ҪȵꡣԴǵص

Ļ棺ֹ˵ʲôˣ

˵

û˵, ѸסͣЦҡͷû˵ʲô, ˵

С峤, Ҳ֪ˡĻЦ

忴˱ζЦݣ˫ָƴ, ǱҲ¡

Ҳ£Ҳ, ˵ȥСǾҪˣҿû򳤹

ЦЦ԰

ʱڹǶ߶, ԰⡣

֪˴ͻĿģľﻹ̲ס̫Ӻںδ

԰ûʡ
»ʺߣ˵ļҳ̣ദ

·Ĺǳòˮһ²»ʺֻ֣ͷϵķע⡣

ǴˣҲ̸ۼ޵ʱ򡣴ǰãžʱÿ졣»ʺ΢̾

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ƫƫʱˮ̫ӡ

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»ʺʺ֮λ꣬ϱ˿δ䣬·ûĹ˵ʲô

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ĹĸɫЩӲ֮ǰѵ¡
һǸСѾͷһȡ

Ĺɴǣ̫ƣȳȥˡ

һߣշá

һ䣺ǳǹҩˣ˭

»ʺҡͷЦЦˣԼﲻʹ죬Ҳбһʹ죬ǡ

ǿһ鵽ĸϵѧȢɷĹʹ֡

˲ؽ˵ôס

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ٵǴǲ֪̣֪ܹųǹִ佫ˮ

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»ʺĬΣǵͷɡ¶ģĸҲ㡣ֻ˵ô࣬Ҳ֪˼ҹԸԸ⣿



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Īԣ̫ӵº޹ϵĻѵɫ

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԰
ͣһǰһϼ滨ҡҡλΣ䵽ġ

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СĽ滨ŵɰУҪ뿪Ȼ˳

תȥһŮ

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ʺ

΢һԣ뵽ʲôչȥǻʺ˵ͱֵ£һ㡣š

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Լһ̶ӣΧŮҲټ

нţҲԡ

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38.  38   

û, ûзʱһʱ뵽ʱ

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۾Щȥ鷿ϳһ顣
һҳóҳҶ

彫ŵʱģҪ

ʱϸһҶԽǶȿȥֻһЦ

Ц

ţκҼ񵽵ģЩˡ

׼ȷ˵Ҳ͸
ʱھԼ⣬ôһƬҶ

Ϊʲô͸ңʱ£ƬҶ顣

͸ѽ

Сɼ򵥵úܡ

Ȥĺģ
ʵ֪УԼĻҪ

ʱЦһԭ׻ҡ

ҲûУżȻ͸㣬㲻Ҫ롣ûȥϢˡ

һϣʱߡ

ſʱֺȻ뵽һ£ˣϴθǸմɱһµˣûˡ

ϴʱһ׷ɫǸɰմɱء

֪ȥҡ

Ҳ˰ɣ

Ҳأ

룬һµġ

ãҲˣһµġ

ʱ߳ȥȻ뵽һܣ׷ȥ㲻Ұɣ

ûô

𣿡Ϊɵؿ

ǰûͨʱΪҪǸմɱºЩˡ

Ǹմɱһ֪ĺС͸ҵģҾȫвĿܡ

ӵؿʱʱ˿δ䣺ҲôҪǸӣ

屾ܵزԣҡͷϣһǸϲҲϲǸӡ

ţҾҸ㡣

ʱƬҶص鷿ҶеУתͷøľг֣˷ŵⷿ档

Ǳߡ

ûҵ

÷Էŷɫһڲ衣
еıӣЦЦ

һԤУǸմɱҲˡ

Сؿ¶¶ҹӴСǲǺȴ׳ѽ

¶һ£ôôʣ

ûʲôǾڴ׸ﳤġ

ôµһˣȻСһӼƽϡ

գԷ˹Ǹ˵̫ҲǸˡ

ֹգʱӹ

ʽͬɫմɱһſſɿɰСèһſź̬С

ʱСǸСè͸塣

ʱżͬı裬ִ·š

忴ŻɫͬĴ룬һЦԭʱҲǸС˼ѽ




40.  40   

Ժ, ˽ȴʱʱִһϢ

¾ڸٷĻЩ޼ҿɹĺӡ

ʱϢ׾֡

Ǻ, ʱһԽ͡

һʱãԶ, С㣬δķ𣿡

ʵһ, һס, ˵

Ҳû˵, ǲһġ
С, ԡ

һ, ﲻһ

ʱֻн㡣ոں˵ʱ, Ҳʱʱؿ㣬½뿪ߡ

һ, ͷȥʱĿ⡣
ʱ, һЦ, ֡

ڰֶС⻰Ҫ˵

Ϊʲô

Ϊ὾

ʱдණһ, Ƿֳм׵

ʱһ, ʱǶӵСۿűȷ󣬰ֺ嶼ż

ʱǰס, ſ˫۲ߣû򴫸֡

˳Ѹٽ߽

һӵСǿʼƻ·ѾӮˡ

ԱߵСĬûָĳ˵ķˮ

Ȼ⣬ʱСӮñʤ

Щ˳Ϣ۾ȻЩۣȴܺá
ʱߣӲ˲ͷϸ

𣿡

ãǿҲġӹӣŻֱСǡ

Ҵȥһط



ʱ뿪

ֿ뿪Сѻȥһסǣȥ

Ϊʲô

Ϊָ粻ϣǴš

ԼĪСʱһͣ¡

δʱϻЩڡ

һв˿

ʱ࣬˫ֽգһܲµϵЦջĿ⡣

ԭصһʱǣһƥ߳
ƥëףԶԶȥİ޶¡

ȵЩܿº͡Ҳǵز

ǡ

ġ

ʱݸ壬ŰһȦͷʾá

еۣǰؼҺòã

ոȷʵһƽǺܴ㲻̫

Ҳס԰ϲ

Ŵȥóһȥ

ʱ̵֡

֡

ãһƽڰϣ֡
չУɫĹν˳ĵøӳ

ߴüۼ仮䵽ֻϡ
ģʱһӵԼǰ

һͷܿߣ͸ŵɫĴƺա
æףٿ

ʱ٣ֱӭ

ٽյķЩȣһӭķΨʣˬ

ܾɫѸٱ任ʱ뿪ߵһС
ľߴٶȣе⡣

ֱͦҿˡ
ʱͼһǰ㣬СʣС壬Ϊʲôҿң

Уˡ
̽ͷһʱŬӣִҴջĿ⡣

˲һ£ʡ

ܳҲʡ
ǰƺʱҲڱ

ˣҸոտͰ˵˵ʲô

ں˵¡

ˣ

һӦ˵ǳֵǸС硣

ʲô

ʱչ˰֣ȴ¶棬ݡ

ֻ

ֻ

ɵؿʱʱӡ

ֳ磬߹Цݡ

ЦѾܺÿЦ·ڶĻꡣ

ĬĬƿĿ⣬ʱʣôˣ

羰ͦã羰

ģ

ġ

Ŭ߷ڷ羰ϡ

ǰֻÿҲʲôΡ
ֻһۣ·ܱĻꡣ

ʩѲɾ˼

㻹ǵõһμңôҵ𣿡

һɻصΣ

ţʱѾôÿˣǲǸÿ

ʱֱӴ˼סЦҡͷŲÿ

㿴ҡ

תͷ۾һգգضƫƫ۾
ʱЦһһ㣬üۼ䡣

ھúÿ𣿡

˲죬ס۾Σʱ磬ܲ˿ж˷ľӡ

Ҹ˵ǰôţɵӾǴӡ

Ťͷһ۾־ò̫ġ

꣬ȥ

ʱ׼ȥǵĹ庰ססӣߵһС䡣
ûˣʾʱ

ʱüһ䣬΢΢ڽţ촽Ķͷ

һ£סܡ

ʱվԭأһŷӦ
ԼĶͷԶվŵС

̫ҿߣ̲ס

͵ϮΣҲǻһΡ

ʱֹסЦ⣬ǣǰߡ
ǻȥǽ͵зЩ

ǣŰǣûԶȻؿ
һ۶Ŀ⣬æתߣŲôߣĳ˵档

ȥȴʱѾջĿ⡣

ߣߵеǹġ

徲վԭصȺ򣬵Ӱʧֵ˰Σʼղʱ

ٽ磬չЩɹˡ
ЪϢȺ룬ǵķȥ

·ߵǣԹԵվ˷ܵҡβ͡

ͷĴʱֺ˼ʱ磬𣿡

ֹ𣿡
һ걧һѲ߹һʻ

ǣ֪𣿡

ҸոտǱߣҴȥ

ߵһǰֹӦ档

л
óЩӵݸ꣬껶ϲӹ뿪

̽ǰ˼ʱ磬Ҫˡ

ţ˻Ӧƿš

Ӧó˾סһܿҳ
䳾ĵذԳһӡӽӡС

˳Щӡ߹ȥƹһõ磬һ˱ڵϡ
ϤİȾѹֵĴ

ͫһŹȥߵʱǰ
ʱ磬ʱ磬С塭

ϤƿʹĻþʱǿ۾
˫Ұɫͷðźƺʲô

㣬ôˣʱ϶ʡ

忴㲵ӣۿʪ󣬡ôˣʹȥд򡣡

ܿƴʹһ̣ǵұɼǵˣҲ۵ÿҪʧȥʶ

ãʱס֣΢΢ҡͷûõġ

ôûã

ܣŲޣóȥѰ򣬺ܿͻ㡣

ҪߣʱֲţƣС壬ҡ

۾һϥðĺ ĵʹ

߲ҲϯعӲϵĺ

һֱۣҲ˲ٵ亹

彫Լϡ
֮ǰԼʱʱ

ļһӡģؽǸ¡

½һҹΪδ򲻰ԻٻѰˡ˭֪Ǹĺǹ֮ȴδ¡

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һֱʶ˺ȻڣСĵطô𣿡

ʱҡҡͷһ亹ûվԭϢ

ոԲ𣿡

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֡

ǹﻹǸĺ

ܵʱ˵ıӣôǸĺ

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ʱЦؿ˵

һЦӷЩ

֪㵱Ȼֻǹ˳̵ѽ

ѵôֱ׵ؿʱ΢΢ֱӣɫЩһʼͲԼ˼޸ˡһʱ뾡Ūе뷨͡

أƫҪ޸أ

ʱȻһЦ壬ϴЩΣϢãĿ𣿡

˵еˣʱһ棬÷·ԼǼ޸ĺĹ

׿Ǹ뷨ˣʵ˵㵽ˣ

ֲҴ򣬲ˣĪж

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ٲȻһƶжӡ

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Ϊʲôոյӣ

۵˵ʶ㱵ĵز

жǻʲô

Ǿɼ

ɼ

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ʱԼϥΪֹǵõʱ˿ģ

ֻһ㣬ҵȾͿܻᱻϡ

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忴ֿϥ˿Σȴ֪ʹ
׵£Լޣȴøס

ʱ۽ǵᣬˣѾˡ

ţͷɾǷй̶ʱ𣿡

ûУԤףȻҲ㷢֡

һʱ ӽ˴ϵĻҳǿɾ

ѹոҪԼǣͻȥǲǴʱͿʼˣ

ţΪֻһû뵽۵ô

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ʱߣʱҲ

һΣͣһռҵ󡣡

һͣǵʱ㡭

ԡ
Ȼ뵽һ¡

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üȴû

ǲȥѵʱҵʱ棬㾹Ȼһֱҡ

ۣʱߵԣЩǱӣҶʡ

ʱұߣԼеλãһξ롣

˵ƫƫֵʱҪۡ

û´Σòãʱ

һۣƲ֣ҲŲ㡣

ʧȥŶȵʱ岻С

屾ս죬֪µԡ
ֲĵģȥԷţΪעʱɫ

ʱʮץĿ⣬¹ģɣԭҲȫǻ¡

׵ؿһۣʱо˿в

ʱ֣ɫ΢
ʱС԰һѾ߼Ҵҵܹ

ȥҼҹɡ

ѾǳѾһϳ
ôˣʲôˣ

һʣһ߸Էȥ
δԺſڣѵΪԣ縸ɩĸ㶨»ԼȻޣ˻˻գ˲𳤱СлŹŮ𣿡

ĸ磬Լ¶Һùһ֣ҶŻر㡣ɵϷˣڲˡ񻹺˼Լ棿

ô˵ģ

ءһƿƬըűߡ

ʱʱ㣬Ŀ΢ؿڡ

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ɩ

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ʲôֳÿЦ׹һݿ֧ʹɩıŽһˡǽҹڲҺüҪɿڣҲϡϷˣ˵Ѿˡ

Ϸ˸źüϵϷǶ֮ģܿ࣬Žָ

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û뵽ǾȻŵ׮ЦĻԼѰ

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˷ʱΪ˺¿ޣƫƫ־ί

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ãûס޳

尲˯ʱС˵ʵҲҺܺõġ

ֳҲһֳֻǲ֪ʲôʱˡ

չ󣬳ɩδ

һִϢ˵ǳֳһ٣ñףƫƫҲ˭ġ

Ϣʱֵúƽ

գΪѾָƽ
ɩ뿪ĵգѴĳظ

ߵǺţû˿

˶ϲ뱧
²ȣЩĵǻѼʱַס

˭Ҫ߿߿
ƺ䲻ѣҪ߿

æסлӣ鷳ˡ

û¡

ĿһֱڳϣҪߣֵˣ鷳δʱ¡

ʱ£

Լóʲôܳ£ڶѹĳҲ֤ʵ뷨

𣿡

ȡ

ñӰԼһӣ۰գôͺأ

ﻹ˵ū澱ȰֱӰū澸ϳȥˡ

ǻôģ

ǡ

һһ䣬ЩµյΡ
ǳϳȥѷȥȰ

Ȼʲô£ӻרҪ㣿Ǻ档

ûڵذԼڱ ˵Ĳ治Ǹö

ôʣҲûӳʳĻ

ʱ̸£ʱҲֻĸ֣Ķ



Űգʱһȥ
һ˲䣬ӵǰ強ȥֻȡ

Դ￴ʱ߳СܵǰôΣ

һ׵

̽

循ϲؿȵ˻ҪģĲȻҼϻ۵ˣв⡣ҪϽϢþ˺;ĸ

һٿ䣬䵽Щ˼

һǰʱʱЩ
ʵϻ۵ˣ

ѽ

һ˵꣬Щԡ

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弰ʱȣ֮⡣

˵

ãҼϻεɾֹӣ

ǿɡ

ЦһҪ˵ʲôǰȻͣ

ôˣ

ǰһۿϤˡ

þˣĸ

䣬߳һˡ
˷糾ͣĿº͵ϡ

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41.  41   

żԶľ, 忴İǰɻͣԭء
İҲ, ûп˵

ԶҿǰЦС, ֪֪

ҸջİȻϵĻ, ·, ŽǷŰ, ǹ, ǡ

İһ, ΢̾Ц, ǰҲԵ, û뵽ǡ

ţһġĸ, һ, ̽

۾΢΢Բϲֲŵؿ, ̽

š϶ͷ

ϲһʱ˵ò֪˵ʲô

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ָ𣿡

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Ͼˮ㣬ͺҵİ׾ơ
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Ƿţһɨ֡



ȻһٶĵߣҲطı
ҪܰԼŪʲôǱģ




42.  42   

ֵֽĳ෻ǽӳµ֮һ, ƽϺµĴѳɻĸˡ
ƹ񿴵С߽ʱЩӦ

λҵֻѣλҪʱ˵, ȥǰǼҡ

ƹΪСߴ׼ĸָ·

ҲǸԼѣǳЦҡͷ, ѡһЩѵĲϣ֪У

ԭ, λߡ

෻, ǼҵĳвƥҲڶࡣ

಼, ѡĲƥɫ, ӻᴩʽ

һ, ̽ʣС壬ͱֳˣ

һƥ, ҡͷûУôôʣ

ôѡЩɫĲƥ, һѾؿЩϣһֻɫ, ЩɫʽӦòϲɣ

, һƥϣⲻġ

, ˭ҪǱ֪ˣѹʡ

ľЦ, ϶ҡҡͷᡣ

һ£ʸࡣ徭ôһѣȴҲ⡣

˵öԣֻɫ, Уһʽԣ

۾һ˷ãϸһ

ƹͿһƥһƥĲˣкɫϵĲƥࡣ

ƥ̫࣬µַ֣ƹȥ

ƹ񿴼Զĸʱ͵طӦ˵ݡ

ϹϾʱǲƥ۵ĺɫϵǰǰ湫ӡ

ô¡ŵֹӻԸ⴩Щɫ



ͳ겼ƥһȦ֮󣬲Ȼظ

Ǹͼ˰һ䶫
Щ϶ϵź񣬿ϲúܡ

ʲôʲôϲ𣿡

˾ЦӦ𣺡̹ﲻ֪𣿻ˡ

͵صɴ۾˵˭ף

ѣӰ

ӾзӦԷߡ

첽ȥʱʱס

һ£ڲʺϽȥ

ԷſڻվŸˣظںͳ˵óȻȥ̫ʧ

ǰһֱûʣ㲻ϲϲ̲Ӧµġ

ҡҡͺü£һʱҲԼ뷨

ʵڳϣʵû취侲˼

ʼ䣬һ߽ĬĬ˼

Ҫ飬һ̧ͷȴѡ

㣬ôҳ֣Ҵɿص

ôܲסЦһ

һЦץס֣ɽߡ

ɽˣѹʲô˭˵Ҫ޸ˣȥĸ˵ֻһʱͿ

һʱͿ˺ܾá˵֮ǰǿңӦø𡣡ȻصɫȴκʱҪ档

һѣٴα֮ǰĻ¡

ʱҺȵѵ㻹Ҫһƽ𣿡

ÿҪţΪϴѾ˵ãֱס

Ϊβɣ

ϴβ˵Ҷ£Ҳټƽϡ

ֻ㵥ľҲ

һβģŭɿڣתͷҪߡ
㲻ȥȥĸäƼޣҲͬ⣬±ɲˡ

˽סвЩʧ䣺㵱治ϲ𣿡

ⲻϲϲ¡

޲ңֻȡ⡣

ѽס˫磬ֱ۾㲻ΪҳߣʹһʼҴĵﻮⲻƽ

˵ʲô㣬ĪЩ顣

ϴ˵ݲ̫󣬲˼㶼ܴʱС壬ΪʲôԼ벻ͨأ

û벻ͨһжҲ롣ŤͷϿ

ѵЦΪΪ׶ԴףΪʲôǿңϲҡŻΪҺŮһ˵Ϊֳ֮£ѵûһΪ𣿡

ҡ

Żش𣬡۵ײЩӣЦҲẦĳЩش𡣡

ѵüӣһӣΪˣẦ¡

ĻѣоĳЩطڶҡ

ʵͶҡˡ
ֻҪٶһǷνļؾͻһ

ѷſͷ֣վڳǰЦŵϴΪʲôϲ㣬һش㡣

룬ӦϲһǰϲǷ˵ʲôʲôӲҴţϲʢĳҲνӵ뻳С

Ǹ¸ҵĹһֻǲ֪ԸԸסҵ֣

֣˵Ļش

̧ͷΣ⡣
صһǣȻ

ս˫֣ʳһ⣺ѣΪʲôף

Ϊ֤ܸҪһУеĵĶṹ谭

˵ݲ䣬ĸף֤Լ⡣

ɽǳõļžֻֻǶ̶һ˲İ

۵׽ʧҪջ֣ȻָⱻṴס

־ϲؿս֣ȻһЦѣһңұؽ



ǻϲϲ뿪ģǰ˳һ档
֪˵ЩʲôǶ

û뵽Ӷô죬ԭΪôɿڡ

ͦ죬ˡ

ʱлһתƻ⣺ж͸㡣

෻ƥ
һ֣ʣµȷߡ

ʱһƥƥ͵Է

ʱǲƥȲĶһ٣ң

ǰ㿴ǲǺܶࣿɶǵʱ˵ġ
µʱЩвƥںɫϵĲƥͣʱ

ʱʱӦϵǿ߲ˡ

ȵһһ꣬һ˽ƥͨͨ߷ŵⷿ

ϣµع۲ı飺ʱ磬͸ģ㲻ѹŶ

ţᡣ

ãҵʱ紩ҿ

һʱµӣȻڴ

ǰûʹ㣬Ϊʲôôϲɫѣ

Ϊɾ

ɾ
룬Ȼɺܺ

ʱͷȷʵɾ

һ²Ⱦɡ

Ŀֱ̹ʱ²յӡ

΢ƵҲϲڴ׵ֽϻɫҵıʵȾĸɾ

Ǻͨһ仰ĪЩ˼
Ϸϵĺ죬һӣһ£Ȼȥˡ

á

ʱҴҵԶ۵ЦŨ



պԼգδ
һҹߣ˼ӣ࣬ƺʲôû

񴰶ԺţõϣֻҪ˽һʱ֪

ȴʱǺߣƺܿ紵Ĺ켣Ҷ£ˡ

¶ܽļ˼䣬ֻҡͷʾû£ЦڵһҪˡ

Ҫˣӣϲż

һʱһʱʱʼ룬᲻

ӦģҲȡ

ҪҪȥһʣ˱ʲô²סˡ

ӦòǱס

Ӧãԥɡ

ղȥ
ҪûԹܿģĺܿġ



ԺŴѾ߻˵循ϲ̧⿴ȥ
Ժſ˵ȺСѾȴҴܽ۽ˣҪ

ΪҪҽ

ūҲ֪ܹܻǰš

ǰڣӢܹڣźüǼƿȥˡ

ߵǰʱոոϵ

һ壬ʾվԼЦſܹܣôˣһСѣõộ

سūҲǷ¡ģֻ˴顣

ܹ̬ȰڵùҪģ岻

ܷңе׷£ΪټС壿

ܹɫЩ鲻ūܶġ

ǲ˵ˡ

ʲôܹܶҿڣֻ²ʲô¡

Ŀ΢ܹܲ˵ҲĽ˽ܹϡ

볤ҪΪūţūʵڲܶ졣ܹܹ

Ǳһʥû˵ܽɣ

⡭
ܹܲҶԣǳò

˵һԣųС

ͷ壬ס֣ģڣ˸۸㡣

³ģŬƽӡ

ߵ⣬ҪԶȻ

̧ͷȥֻʱİ

İߵǰĺ££ղµġ

ôˣ˵ҪȥӪ

Ϣϻˣĸ׷ģҡ

˼ͷǺãС

ֹҺС壬ҲҪһˡ

Ȼ̧ﶸȻǿҵĲ

ʱûжͣ棬İͬ

ڣЩִ٣պİĳ棬û뵽ĳϡ

ѹסĵ׵Ĳ壬ΪʲôҲҪ

İ۵ѹЩ𣺡Ϊܸκͨѹݼϸ

Ŀһ

κ׵֡




43.  43   

׵ģ, СʱҲܰϵ˵շ¡Ϊĸ׸ĸϣǿ, ÿһҹҹΪȼ˯

δһĻῴκ, ǸͿʼȱϯĸס

ǰİ˵Ǿ仰ͳĬ, 뿴ֲҿ, ˵ֲ˵

žܶ˵ı顢, һƺͨͨá

ս˫, , òŻ˵ʵѾµˡ

İһ, ŨŨΣս˫ȭҪơ

Բ, һá̫ˡ

ȻЩޣס, ˵

ͣڹǰ, İȥ
ܹǰ·, Ӣߡ

һ·ѹְʱ, ռ䡣

ֱӢǰܹܽȥͨ

ֽ뽫

С̫˽ȥ

Ӣ, ۶鰸

ƽ

İʱվİԣڲλ˵λվǰȫĵط

俵ƽվڽ䣬ʱİĪ𲻰С

糯һɢ俵ƽ״һ׮֮ͨ
Զ֮κһͨѹﳼ

κʱͬսӪսκ֮˼棬κͶڵʱѳƽ¡

κ޵κţκҪһ뿪Զȥݡ
˵߻ุ׼ţ֪Ͷһ£

۵˽
룬Զһ˵һ仰̬ת䡣

ɲô˵뽫޹ϵԵˣ

ƽý֮»᲻ɡ

Ĳɣǡ

ƽ˼ӣӢڹŵҲӵһţҿ
һһЩӦͷֻܿһ˫Ьӡ

ǰԶԶϣȭͷȼƺЩʡ

ҪҪҽ

л¹ģ޴¡
Զֵ˼ѵ룬ݳ˵Ļ

ԶĻŨŨĲ

˼ŴôԶ̧ͷֱ߿

̧ͷ࿴ȥ̧ߡ

̧ߵ㣬мò

̧ߣǿʱſʱԵӡ

һīۣü͸Ӣϸȥƺм֮

ĵһۣŷ˴룬κô

κ߽ŵɫ԰ףһӣҺԩ޳ҪҲѰҰ

ǾеЩϤ

ȥһۿϤˡ

̲סǰһѶ
û뵽״֮˻

ʲô㲻˵κͨѹҲӦôκԶص

ŵ£κԼںεأͷģһʱʧ̬

ޣ˺κмƣ

ٿκԥŻش𣺡̫񡣡

ոյǾò񣿻˵޺úŪ

ŵһģٲҺԣ񲻸ңλȷʵúκ񣬵κѾսɥҲκֻһʱŵʧ̬

ԣ뽫κһǲǣ

ǡ

ʵ˴ʡ
İ뽫кλ˵

İս˫ȭƺͷûлͷңǰһ££΢κ

һԳ͡սѡ̧ͷ

Ƕͫ𾪣ԤеĲͬǺȻһѵڲϷҡҡ׹

ͬʱĿİϣ˶յĴʯ¡

κ㱻Զ£ΪβȥŮ

ر£΢ţ׷׷±ߡ΢鼱֮£׹뼱֮СҵԶȣżһֻǡ΢ȫޣѰֻܼһЩƬΡԼ˭ںη

İӦ˵κ
ƺȣϸ

Ԥ˶յĻȴ¶ܻͷɫ֪̽

⣬һ˵ġ

˿֤

ԶԼҵֵ֤ܿʶ΢Щ֤΢޵ͬҲ֤ˡ

޵ܣ

νսѲϵǰѵѾϲӡ

£ʱκƽľӪУƽȲᣬͼıƴǰƽȥǷŵĹ͡Զκ͡

ƽȥݣ˲µͶϲ
ԶǿǷţƽƽеľȨ˻ȥһս

£΢ƴš

κӻȡһţŷƳ¾ɣɿѾá
΢ʱ˷д´ţ档΢ɥܿţŤתơ

ܷⱣ棬ŵڼ֮б

ʼµſͲȥ޷ҵԮ
ôˣһ˿ϣȥԮȥϢ

ۿųǷţϵּν֮ͨϵּƣҲ׷ֱͬ

˿ɼ֮˶ô뽫κ֮ﶨΪ֮Ů

ƽƣͨһ£΢޶ۣȻܼ˹ƻ˵ĺ𷣡

һڲϵĵ£ոջĵͨݵˣ͸Ǻ⡣

žŵЩ̵ģֻ߲Ҫ˵Щ͸ǮơһʱͿŻˣ

Ƶνսѡϡ
˵ۿĿ¶֣û뵽Ȼ

Ⲣ˼

ϣܹܻ⣬סȥ

ɣǹš

׿ԡ֣κֿ壬ǽ㣬㸸׷ͨѹλޣ

߻㼯ϣ崹׹£ȣһһر£ŮУһֱӢۡǰˣˡ

κ㵵ؿ壬յ˫Щɿ

Цһ˵úãÿһĽʿӢֵۡ𾴣˵޶ݺ

һ仰⡣

ƽعڵϣ֪ˡ

ֹꡣ




44.  44   

÷Է羲, Ժŵ÷һƬ
ӳĩƺֻһ˲֮䡣

ͷһҶ, ƺܻĸں£ĸ׶˵͸׵Щ¡

׺ϲĻҲֻʱ, ǳջȥμһʢĺ, һֻ, һ͸׷ɵĺĻ, һɫëΧ׷, ׻ͷ˵

С, 㸸ס

˵ʡ

ǰ, ЩҲֹסǶߵһ, أµ

һ߲ᣬһŬס, κ, ЦҴûԹ㡣

κЦ, ·𿴵ҲЦ˵

޽Щҵ鷢, ޵ᣬԽԽࡣ
δʱֵöô侲ţ񽫻˵, ѹŵһ˲䱬Ѳޡ

κļ磬Լͷʹһ

ͷţ齥̧ͷһ˫۾ѿ޵úͨͨġ

κȥ۽ǵᣬЦһ޵ʱ򻹺ãһôҲֹס

׺ܼǿģҺٿ׿ޣˡ

ڸ׼ʱ

ûʣµĻ˵κѾꡣ
ĬſһƬҶ£ȵҶ䵽߲ĹӰ䣬ڣĸ׳úҵһμһϤĸо

ջȥεļƬǰƴ벻Ļ䣬һ˲ѿ϶Ƿ϶ԽԽԼµԼݣȱؼĲ֡ȥأȥլȥɽϵݣȥĹ

ػԼĹǷʹҲվ

Զڵһڵȣһʧ

ǰżȻһ棬Ҿ۾һϤСʱץסһ˲ϤĸоͲᡭ
ô١

κûпޣı飬ÿһѹʹࡣ

忴ֹסѹ

ܽóһ籸õĻ򿪵ݸκ㿴

ŮЦŮ֣ͯЦòĿ
κŮӣ૳

׵Ļ񡣵Ϊ뿪ģףʱΪһ⸱ʱʱܿסҰ⸱͸

κסᣬϵŮӡ
ʲô˵˸ѹ

ס֣ףҺ״ûԹ㡣֪Ϣ϶ܿġ֪ʲôҲ֪ﲻܽʹޱޣܱ˵һߡ

ײᣬϣܿ˵Է޽ʹ

κԣ۽΢һۣһŮӵԣοһƬһ

Ҳһᣬ̧ͷǿ͵ЦС壬ģ׸ô

⣬Щģں
ᣬҲѣĬرܿصһС

ʱ֣ţסںδȥ

κһ·ǰµȺʱ

ʱ񣬡塣

ô

Ҹոմλ

Σ

ţһͽְֽݵţҲܻء

Ƕ¾˽µ۵ǻ´Ŀܡ

ʱûֱӵκ˼

¶йء

ˣˣȿ۹

κ֪Խһ۵ļѣ֪˵ʱжء
֪ʱѹҲе塣

սʱʵԲȥ
Ǹȥ۸ʥա

żΣ岻صġ

Ǿͺá

ʱע⵽κеĻϤǻᡣ
κоĿ棬һЦСҵġǰһֱûк˵أл㻤סС塣

ȥأҲ֪ܹ۸
ˣЯ޴뿪

Ƿ»ծŮӽȥðŷյǰҲ·ߣ벫һѣȴԼԨ

岻л˵ҲȹΡһжʱġ

κͷļ磬Ȼȥȥæɡ

ãߡ

ʱκӰԶȥתߡ
ߵ÷ԷǰּҴ׷ûץꡣ

ʱĿһ

ǰ۲ֹּ˽ЩĻͨͨץߡ
ƫƫʧˡ

ƾʧ

ҲһԤϵסңѳı뿪պǵһҪԶԶģܿ

ʱҲ˵еǺܾǰżЩΣЩӽһᰲи㣬סҪߵϡٵĵطԼȫΪһ

á
岻ʱΪ˷֪ôһɡ

ʵҽջһ˵
Щԥƺڿôڡ

ʱһı飬ǳЦ֪ȥס

ɴ۾ô֪

ʱЦش˴գ˵زסµġ
Ȼʰõļӡ

ðɣͷȷʵ͸סһ𡣲һû˵Ҵȥסһһ

϶ͬģĸҲͬġ

岻ԣʱҲδʳڵĵǡ

εؿ˫գҾǰһ͸ˣʲô˼㡣

͸ˣһŰֽ

Ϊʲôǰֽ

岻ףʱȴش

ߺתݣĿһƳżȻϰֽһī
һ˲䣬Ȼʱϴ˵һ仰

Ҳϲڴ׵ֽϻɫҵıʵȾĸɾ

˫ٿ죬ǰݺݽǰֽųһţӽֽ¨

ǰֽ
Ͳöһ䣡



գ嵽κסʱδ

ҪҪȥ¥һȣ

ãȰɡ

վڴŶ棬ŶԺӳ񲻵̣ϤĽŲ

Цź

κ΢΢һ㶣ܿ췴Ӧǰһ߿һʣôˣ

뿴סҲ𣿡

ô᲻ˣκЦſţݡ

ȿڲ裬ȶˣ

ûжãҲǸողŵ
Ų豭ֻ꣬˻κӣĴòã

Ȼá

Ժʰ룬ǰݴͣסˡ᷿ţԵլЩտ
Ժ뻹һúЩá

ԺЩҹʱһԸ⡣úɿڵġ

׵صͷĿ¶¶߳ȥ

κǰ󿴿˸£СǾͰʮƥ˽
κһ㶣ǡ

Ҹģ֪ϲʲôʽûɳ¡ѡѡ

κȥЩвƥκЩЦãҴôࡣ

Ǿѽ㿴ڣĥˡҶˣҪֻܷڿⷿ﷢ùˡ

գ۾κЦŵͷãѡƥʣµȷŽⷿɡ

á

ŮһѡѡκԭֻѡƥκһƥÿȰȰֻʣƥûѡ

ó෻ô࣬ƹӦһӼõ̫þܴ

κ˵Ժǹְࡣ

ųɹ˴ĳʾվκļͷ

Сһ񿴶˼һģ䵽κļͷצȹס
κëҲûж㡣

ϲֲ͵סһû취

延Щʧ䣬Ͱ͵κ

κ˼£ЩС

ССûкܶණȫסҿס᷿Ҳ׼ܶණȱģһȥãòã

һκ䣬εؿ

κֲסɿڴӦãʲôʱ

졣

죿

԰Ѿ¶ܽʰˣܰ

سʱһ·ġ
мƻʰլӣͣʱûʲôӦ

ٳδŲԣôˣ

عǰһŵ

ˣ

ǰֻǰһװӵĸ·м䲻ߣ˭Ҫһ뿪

ֵѾüţȹȥ߽

Ǹ˼Ҳһ衣

£Ҳ㡣ϸĲ¥òã

Ǹ˲Ը岻ſȰ
о轥ͣһһ

¥һ¥ż䣬߽ż䣬ַԸڲ¥⣬ˣ

żߣԵûôš
嵹һˮݹȥһԺ꣬˺üŴ

̧ͷ壬ͷллл㣬Ҽ࣬һһӡ

ãӦġ

㲻ÿ
Ϊ岻ţҿȷû͵չȥģҺܿͻΪܰҵģһյĶ顣

Цԣû̫Ļ

ܿ죬һѾߺһС˽

һǾ㣬Ǳ

ŭ⣺ҿδʺң

˲ϣѾֻǰڳ̬ȣˣүҪٲȥױˡ

۾һ棿Ҫң

ūƭˣ˿ĪҪˡ

ŭһЦãǸϽȥ

Ѿ߲Ÿ˳ȥС˸мնлҼҷ˴̼ǲﲻؽЩϡ 

ǽ͸˸ոյĺ

ͷʾףߺظʰ
ǽһʰװ䣬źȻһҪ뿪иܡ

жԷ

ܽһѣȻԷЩ׵걭ӡ
ʱ磬ȵʱȥԷ

èצ͹צһèצ ŽպãҵģҴ

ֻʣһſŹıӣԵЩµ

ʱʰҲ˵
ǰ㾲ţһĪС

ˡ

һ¡
ʱеĺӽܽߵԺ⡣

£Ŀᣬָʵϼҿһա

ԶһƬƣ£ͷƬϼ
ɫϼ°

ɫƫͷʱȻô侲 ·뿪Ӱ졣

ʱ磬㡭

ӡ

ּ߽ʱȴ壺ôˣ

û£Цҡҡͷ£ˡ

áʱ䣬һݣ˵ɡ

ӣǰ²⣬ȷȲйϵȲһ

ǰ

û뵽ڻ֣˵йϵ

ڲȲ£

֮ͽڶ࣬йϵǶꡭ

ࣿ岻Ծظ֡

ôˣ

˭Ȳ

ʱ鲻ԣԣȲ֣

ţͽظʱ

Ǹ˿ڿࡱЩֵĻ
ԼòԣǸ˵Ļ

ʱɫ΢㻹ǵģ𣿡

ǵãҿ㡣

֪ҪĬܿ콫ģ

Ȼȥȥһĸס

á

Ӧ£Զ΢΢ЩȻ

뿪ǰĶԻ

Щź

ԷָŻһ΢΢ҡͷûӡйأ

Ҳȷţܾûôɺϡ

˼Σ񣺡ȷʵӦ

ĸ˵ǰλŲܼ

ģǷһ飬ҵȥ㡣δݾߣһýڡ

סʱջػ

ԶҩֹôоСҪˣԺɲܳˡ

ƹģʱȴЩϷ˼һЦ

ԷѺڡ

ʱݷ»񣬲¹С԰
һţľҲ֨һ죬ͬʱ򿪡

Ŀӣ߽

ô˯

ô˯

ͬͷЦ뵽ҪߣЩƲֵ߽űߵʯӣҪˣ𣿡

ţҲȥӪһյʱ䡣

Ŷ
ǽҲһ棬ΪʲôЩأ

ôˣ

СԲģʱͷȥ

Ļãһģί

ŤͷϿƵģҾһ㶼ѹҪ뿪

˭˵Ҳѹģ

һѹӶûС

ʱЦЦˣתߡ

ʱִӱס˵ɵ뿪αز㿴գҪ˵飬Ҳߡ㲻֪ڶôϣѾɻˡ

Ͳ뿪ˡ

Ķͷʲôأô

ʱЦ̧ͷӵ˵ԺЩɶԵĶֻʣҵģС壬᲻á

ʱս˫֣Ĳᣬһ̲ųױ¶

תžһĶͷԺҳ㣬òã

ãʳԣʱҲͷһ£㲻ңҲȥ㡣

Ҫǳô죿

ᣬˡ



Ըˡ




45.  45   

һ, һĶ÷Էת˲ֵͥԺͿ˴롣
ظߣЩ᲻ã, ôͲܶգ

ܽģҾȥ, ѹġ

һãֻ˱Ҹ᲻á

ָ, ЦЦ, װ

ʵլӲԶ, ӵܵ
ֻһֱסں, էһ뿪, ˻ЩӦ

ԶҲһ·͵⣬˵˻, Żߡ

ǰͳڳ, κʱǰ档

լӣһж
Ѿָ, 屾æ, ϲֲԼĸо

̫࣬ʰҲֻʰɾһǡ

ʱ˼СѾ߹ź, һκϡ
壬һڰ, ĪҪѡ

κ׵صͷǱﴫŮЦ
վڶ౦ǰСЩӷڼϣΨһһմɱ, ǳá

ʱȥպðմɱСſڱϣҲòЦƺҪ

ʱ΢΢һЦͫɵ⡣

æʱһš
Яϣۣһֻɹè䡣

ڴ˵Ƿǡ

ˣᶼҪˣԼߡ
㡣
š

һߣСŲ۾ôʲô𣿡

Ҫ˯

ϤѴ룬Դ⿴أ̸ˡ

û̸ʲôļ䣬˾ϴ˯ҲҪˡ

Ŷ

̫ˣҪߣҲûֳʲô졣
ʪ۾һȻסֱ۰սҸɰҪҪ

ʱüǷֱ

˵ҪҪƵʡ

ʱЦȻҪ

䣬⴫һ

ʱֱӣʾܽס壬ȥ˯

ߣ忴ıӰֱӰʧŶ˯

СԺһˣҪࡣ
κϢʱܰڽĴߣÿλǴС󲿷ֶǸκģκҪ˵ҪòӦ¹Ҳڰ

ӪսѼκһѣҪ̾ü䡣

ҹŮͲճңҪνŮһϵһ룬ҲЦˡ
ɲǣԺҪװױ˱ҵСӣ

ŮܰһºһպȻһ¡
δʱˡ

ϸ뻹ãһϸͻúѾкܳʱδ
ϸҲֻд¡

µգҹǽꡣ

κԣҲûʣֻ˵ˣȻطЪϢһ¡

ķ΢¹£Ҽ䴫ɳɳ졣
忴һ£ǽͷƴЩ

Ŀȥֻһ˴ǽͷ£Ʈ

δ壬ճˡ

ҡ

̶֣ʶǰ˭

СܵʱߣôˣôŽ
ߵ¹ʴһ½Ҳҹ¶

循ϲؿһѣ»ʶǵϲƥС

˺󼸲һµʱȾɣ񵹸˼ɣֵܿ졣

ÿ𣿡

ÿֻϧڲǰգȻø

ϧ㲻ҪμϿĻһȥ

ϿĹӶ»Լ켸ڵڡ
ΪСûȥױȥϿμӻ硣

ҲȥϿĹʶ𣿡

û˵ѽ

ȥ

Щˣ磬Ϊ綨μӡ

΢΢üʱ²⣬ǣ¡
һʼţһ䣬ʱһ䡣⽥ϮʱԺʵΪʲô⼸ղң

Щ࣬𣿡

ûС

һ˵ûУһ۾

ʱļ磬Լ˯

΢ͷ˯գʱࡣ
˹СıӣСɵϡ

ÿһΣھӪ䡣
뷨Ͼδף֮Ĺϵȷ

ԣǲǸЩף



ϿգͳǰһסոδͿʼڡ
ȵôϿȥѴ

ͳһͼͣ
һʱһ

ϻʱ

˵ڲ

ʱס֣ ﵽϿҲҪ̶ࡣ

֮⣬˷ʱ䡣

úЦһʱϵĺɫ£ССǷȥ˾ɹҲǺ£ҪǱȲ㣬Сİϳȥ

ҡ

룬˵Ȼ

۾
ʱУ˯һɣȵҺ㡣

á

ߵĲӭ·һ·ϱȽϰ
屻һʱѾ

бŮֿ

ʱ̤У˿һ£һ㶡

ҳŶ

Цһ̧۶ʱĿ⣬סЦ

бǱڹɹٺȾƣžζƮŮߡ
˼ڣ˿δơ

˳ȥ͸ѵƣ³
µĿû泩ࡣ

Ҫתס֣һͷʱº͵Ц

ôҲˣ

ȥһط

ţ

ʱ¶뿪Լ³ڳԺߡ
һѾִǰ·Ⱦȹһʯţͣ¡

ӣ

ԺƫƧڲһǡ

һȥŵһɵĻ㡣
󷽣һŮվ鰸ǰִ

Ųδ̧ͷһ£źûʣſˣһѾ߾ˡ

ֹӣлֱ˵ɡ

ǰһ񡣡

񣿡

Ůӳǰƿ¶һݣóɡ

Լµʱ˵ĿģȵóǸ񣬸ȷš

Ǹ˵ģŮӿǻüºʹѿ϶
Ŭס

Ҽռʱ񲣬ڿ֡

˵ϸЩ

彫յʵ˵Ͱʺ仰ʱ̣ǷҲڴЦ

ͰƿĿ⣬Ըٿǻ񣬡ң֪ʲô

֪ݣĹϵ

࡭
Ͱظ֣̫ûˣضƺĺޡ

ƽ࡭ͰٰͣΣۼ˵ȥˣһֱˡżȻ棬ཫδ

ȢһޣıǰعңԴӼ˼

ȻȲĸҾϿ

ЩϿУҲΪ

Ƿйӣ

ӣͰü룬ҡͷҲ֪ཫúܽң˺
ʱΪֻңףңͷɰ룬и޷ȡ

֪ȫ߰ɡ

ͰԲԸ¡

ʱлߡ

Ͱ߻鷿ǰͣ£סʱţ뵽һ¡

Ҽǵһ궬죬ѩ񣬼˸ҳǡȥʱ˶˵Ѫۣҹǣδ顣

Ҳվӡ

ԺгǹɵĻԶȥ
ͷ£ȻԺ̫¼ ǰַ·硣

ĸװ룬飬Ըһ档

ʱ˶ûвµƽվڲһߡǸ˼ȻƽŮһԵɱˡ

ԣ㻳˭ǲĶӣ

ꡣ

ꣿǸϴ̵ӣĻ𣿡

꣬ȻӦʲô

޼ɵδû˵Ʋ

ǰԺδɢĺʱ뿪
ʱһ·ͻȥȵʱ̾Ҫ¼𣿡

СúܣʱЦһ룬ҿ㡣

˭ˣ
Ӳ̲סȥ׾֣˵㣬ҪҪȥ

ԣҵʱ£֪ͨ㡣

á

˵꣬˸ߵʱ

תȥǰ̲ס⿴ʱͷ˰ʾϽȥ

Źϣߡ

̲ס̾

סһá

պ尴Լʱһ̶࣬ȴ˵¡

͹ȥ˵æ͸Ϲ

ðɡ

һ׾֣־ͳ󿴣տգЩʧ

ָղ𣿡

æ͹һ

ʱֿ
ǰߣ¿˿СС㣬оϲŶ

ţؿ

ߵһǰĵСھ棬ҪҪȥ˵˵

С磿

嵹ûһܼ䣬˵С뵥Լ⡣

źĳߣеƫǼӣЩû

һ˸ֶǰһӣ

һɫۣת

忴ݵһɲǣĿ¶㵣ſھҪˡ

δڣ̹޷˲ɢڵϡ



ָ磬

ţСأ

С棬С˵

ʱǰС磬һͨӣһˣӼЩ¶

ô˵Īһɲ

ʱ߽Ǽӣ絽ӡ
ڿһˣ󴰴򿪣ذһ֧

ʱͫǷ첽ߵ⣬֣

ӣôˣ

Сʧˡţκ˲ý׾ָ

ֶȻʶأִʱƷŷȥ

ʱǰһϺȻ̹ʹ
һ٣ʹǰߣ֮ǰܲĵطȫѲһ顭

ʶԼܴˣָ磬ǲǺС㣿СѾͷֱޡ

ʱһͣȥֵͷĴҵСġ

˵ſ϶Ļͷ
ûע⵽侲ʱʱ۵ҲŻ̿֡

ԼûвһֱڶеĺƺϵʹҪҡ



ѹʱǰһƬڰܸо۾ϸ˲ڲ
ˣ֪ѹ⿪ǲڲ

ѽӦһʱ䣬Ż
վǰˣʱľʧȻ׹һЩ顣

Сһֱ¶棬Ϊ¶档

ꡣ庰֡

꿴һϰõЦݣԭǵҵ֡

нţŬƽΪҪң

ǰֻ˵˵Ŀͣ뵽ʲôٿȻú̫ˣַֻ

вʱ磿

꣬ҡͷҪҴ֣Ҳϲ

ʲô

˵ˣֻ˵˵

һӣǰǵǵһμǵһҵˡ

ϰ̺۵ˣҪô£Ҫôþ۹⿴ҡǵһңĿ⿴ңΪ˷ֹǺӾңǺ«ȥ

ǸӣΪǺˡ

ˣɤЦ˶Ժô򵥣Ҳ̫ˡο˭Ǵĺˣ

¶֮ɫĿЩŤ

ܲҲ¶

꿴ı飬Ŭƽɫĸ׺۰㣬ֲ֪ϲֹƵĸסһˣĿ׶ӵƣҪסޡ

һ˲׶ǵ̴Ӻζ

ĸףǲǿˣ

Ŀ㣬ûмĸס

սϷĸ˾ĸסѶĵգŵҵһҪҼסޡҵڶǵۡ

岻ĳʱҲżѣôİ̡

꿴еĲ̣ЦƣˣҲͬ顣
⿴ĽŲɫѾܰˡ

壬̫ˡȻ˵仰

ߵǰţ˹⿪϶ӣѺߡ
ĺɫһôֻ˵˵

Զ˹ǰ

һ߽Ժӣκ

忴˭Ȼɴ۾ʱ磬
忴Źʱӿ޴Ĳ

ʱ߽һЦο£ڡ




46.  46   

ĺƻ, ƯŲҵϦ
岱ǰУ˫ڱţǰ벽

ʱһһ߽Ժ, УһϮ£ɾֱ

ĿÿȻˡ

, һӦʱ ϱ

ƫƫ⸱ģ, һԵĹ, ҵܼ, һһ

ɴ۾, , ʸ׼ʱķ
忴ʱҡͷʱ, ߰

ʱ־Ŀ⣬Цûµġ

·𿴲ɱ, һһ, , ҵҲὫɱ
·ûв

ЦһֹӹȻ, ʱ򻹲вҡֹӾδˡ

꽫ʸݵһȥ, ֱӴ̽ʱȡ
ʱźһ±ѪȾȻվţоʹ

ĿѪỬ, ʱ߰߰

ûֱӺ֣ǵһΣҲǵһϣẦµ롣

ʱˣһ࣬ٲܷڡҸһλᣬѡ뿪

ء

ͦվеĹѾ׼ʱࡣ

öߵķƺͣؿȣ˫ֵӿʼɶ

һ˲أ˲У꣬ײƫеļ
ʸƫתʱ־Ҫץ

ݡ֧ʸıۻ걻˼

ܵʱߣסϵˣԲ𣬶Բ𣬶ҵĴ
Сһ㣬öץסͲˣᡭ

ޣû¡
ʱ˺ü

ǽϺȻ๭֣׼ķ򣬾˲䷭ת

Щô죺ּϣô

չƷ

κͻѴԺһֻëտСٷ嵽ǰ
һ˫Բ۾ЩǱˣͣͷʱƺҲڵ

ѷסʱͣǸ߹ģȻȥｻǡ

Сġ
סޣʱߡ

뿪кŨ񣺡ʱΪʲôޣ֪Ǽµ࣬ΪʲôޣΪʲôҪ

һʣŶеĲԹޡ

ʱһ٣ͷ꣬Ŀ΢㽫Ϣҡ

ǰϧ̫ʧˣΪ۷Ŀɳ𡣿أھȻΪʱһ죬Ҳúĸһ³Թ޵䡣

ʱЩԹ޵ĻתҺ㲻һ

ƾʲôҲһĿŤ

ѷʱߣߡ
κ꣬ЩԣֱȼӣκʶҪʲô

㿪лҩ

ءһʱʶס壬ڵϡ

δɢ壬С壬С壿
壬µĳУԼѪ



ʱоͷۡ
۾Լ˵

ŴãΣȻǰ¡

ҩףʱѡ

ոѣ
ܽͻȻæ

סʱ硢ôˣûˣ

û£ֻЩˣӺһǻҩ󣬴Ҷܼʱûˡ
κУüЩˣûд¡

װãƽЩʱ磬ô

ˣжƲأ㲻õġ

ݣһ˿ڣͷ˾ͺã⼸ռǵüɿڡҲſģ̵ġ

ײʯͷƲأֻѵЩ١

ʱӲ˷ҪһԣӳŲס˹ȥүͻȥ
ܽڻǵʱǹִӣ۽ǻ̿벻

Էܲȥ

ͬʱˣκ㽫һͻغס÷Է

ɹͷϵˡ

ûµģҾȥһۣһۡ

ܽܲסֻ÷ȥԷ
ǴС԰ȥҪƿţ͵ƿ

źʱϣ忴˲ôˣȥš

ʱȥЦһʱط
忴ϴ΢Щ˻ûãҪ⶯֪𣿡

ȴҪ࣬ʱЦһϵɴأ˻ûã˭ܵģ

ûܣֻһۡ

Ҳû⶯ֻȥһۡ

ʱЦظĻ˫峺۾ŵǿ㰲¡

ŲܲĵطʧٺһһѲȥǰһҲˡ
ʱ֪ԼôǶʱ䣬ڼȴһɥ֮ȮĲ֮Ҳ

յҪһǰʱһ

ͷ۲ۣ

һ㡣

ɡ

ʱóµĿռ䡣
գ۾һ¡

һ£ʱҲƽɵߣ쳶ϡ

ý忴üۣ˴Ľë
ʱסҵ֣תͷǵöǰҵǾ仰𣿡

Ϊʲôޣ

ţʱ΢΢ɹ壬һԵһǰֵƵᣬʵﻹǸ˵ġͬƣȴżȻһЩ˳ȥ鵽һ¡ӦǶ⽫ϢŸҡ

һᣬ֮ǰӱܵꡣ

ΪǼ£Ųμӵԣ
ǰһֱûʣȵԸ˵µʱֱ¿ǣʼңʱһֱԸᡣ

š֪ܲʱʱⶼڹжȹʱ´Һܺáʱ˵£ӣƳС

ʱҪפر߹أ±˸׵ĽɫҶд֡ʱ˵Ҫʵ۾˾һΪһԹҶ԰õˡпɾ֮ˣҴδһ죬Ҳ

ʱ̾һսְο

һЦģû¡Ǽ£ĸйء
ĸױܣĥ֮ʱѵõϢװ֪볹װ⵹

֮һŲ̽䡣
֮ʱͬҲȲȥʱȵİĹ󣬾ǶݹһĵֻҪһʱίף޷֮ա

ʱƽ˵£ѲǵǸոյ֪µꡣ

ʱҵȷ⣬ҺЩĸαĥԱܿ飬ȴװ֪ɴ·ֺգֻǱѡӱܡ
뿪𶼣ܶʱõѡ

ʱܳȴۡ
֪һֻ̰ͼ׵ĲƲо׹ѣأָ޴룿

ס֣ǺأΪʲôҪ

Ϊҷ֣ȷʵһûʵۡʱп֮͢Ͼ̼ȵûɵĸĸһ֪ԼҪһʢ˭ᶨԹĸ׼ȴҲòúܺáҲǾŻһĿƿ

ʹˣ߾鳼Уδҿһȴפ㲻ǰΪΪЩʲôΪЩգЩصı߹ؽʿ

׿նԹŮ˽飬߳

ʱ˵꣬ǳõİ

忴һȻǰӵסҺˡʱ磬㲻ΪˣԶᡣ

вֹкмҹ¡

Ķʱ

忿úܽʱЦЦסСһ˿ڣ˻һ

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ҪʱŲû£ֻǲСһ¡Ǵˣʲô

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ԽʱЦԽġ

ڵң

Լģʲôɵĵģƫͷ

ʱתԼһΣȷʵǻԲգһߡΪ㣬ҿѾ̤Źء

Ϲ˵ֲڱ߹أôܰﵽ㣿ֻԼ

ġʱ档

ɿ˶֪

ţʱĻĿ繣Ψ壬Խһۣ˻ղѣЩϵȡʱҽҲް취żҳҲŵЩţһһͼҡ

յһšʶԼں˵һؼҡ΢֮ʱҶ˵ңʲôʱؼңȻ۾˾Υ⡣

ʮʮ꣬ÿһдһȥ߹أǳ̻ճ顣

δЩʲôãԶڱ߹صʱߵЩůճ
Ҫǣһֱؼҡ

û뵽һδεһҳҳů˼䣬صߡ

һգۣ˳ջ䡣
˵ʲôֲ֪ô˵ֽеĺɰ˳űϴδӦģ͸ĺɰ

ɫĺɰһֻ׺ף׺֮Уչɣ߰ʥࡣ

ʱӹɰʾ򿪡
򿪺ɰûȴһߡ

ùǸߣһͷԼָϣһͷʱָϡ

ʱ۾غɫͫеӳӣЦ˵ʱǳװɡ

ʱƺһ˲ͣ٣ʱΨǾ䡰ǳװɡڶߡ

һЦй⻪
ȥսǸߣֱʮָۣ

á

䣬ĴִŲɷǿƹԵء
нڽڰˣԸݡ

߹ָģΨ




47.     ˼̻

ʮ, ʥϴͻ̫ǴǺ͹ŮĻ
ͬ£ԶʱḮף붨Զ֮Ů»ڡ

²¥¥ż, ոնײõͬ
ʱմˮд֣ˮȾ棬Գ֡

һ, µΣ

ʱ룿

ƾͼơ

Ǵ¶һЦٲԡ

ֵ˾֪
ʱ˿, ;ĩ·, ĸ, ըԼ, ɾ, ĥ

Ϊ˳鳯͢£ץĳ

Ļ, ֣ݽױ, ñ߹ضҴ
ʱݺ, ͼÿճá˴ı, ¡

ʱǴҪģǾ䡣



, ʥϳǰ´ɽԡ
ȻյδѾ, ̫һȫΪˡ

۾ŭʧ֮£Ϊı˸, ó

Ϣؽʱǵڶա

ʱں͸˵˵ĸ׵飬κ档

ʱʹЩźչýܣκջѡһ

С壬һȥߣĴĸǰ˵ɽӹκ̤㡣ұĸһߣһ

ãǵҪдŻһȥš

ţһţ𣿡

á
ĺδʵС˴Ҵܽҵˡ

ʲô循

յ£ǾҪؾˣ˵̫ӻˡ

أʱûˣ

ūҲǺ

ĵǣҲֻ֪ܵȡ
һֱȵʱ֣ҪͲסӳȥʱײʱ

ܹȥ¼һûˣǿĲŰ

ʱ꣬ǣסǰߣҲ֪ͨûˣôôģ

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