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˵ݶݲºˣ˶ĶһЦȻݲ£ôΪǲɢȴֻǸ֮֮е

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ߣϽǽӰ⣬һ㰮

ѣһҲи㻽Ұˡ 


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Ш

ʣҪ˺޹ġкڵץŸʵĳۣĿ־嵽˼㣬ں£һСľͻʧȥԼİŮ
һǰõ㼸ңһ˦ӵ֣ԽˣŮԽǸˮ
磬Ⱦѵʸɱ𣿡кܵȥסӣ֪ԼһֱԼߵŮӣֻҪ飬Ըʶ۰ôǲµġ
ˣ˵һԼۡ
ˣ߻Ӹȥûҵ׼̤һ
ʣĹҪ˺ʡкԽԽԶ˵Ķ徲һЩ
㿴ߵ³øҰһ㣬ҪͼˣʲôϻʵƳһ꣬
ס˵Ŀ⣬Щʱ򣬲ǲԼ
׵ʮ꣬¹ٽһ˲䣬ʹһƬɱŮǷ׷ţţǶӱɱˣԭ鶼Ҳһҹưܲķ档
ʣĸ󡣡ŮͣҡڵϵĸĸȻǲûʲôӦʹʱѾ޵ɱ֮УԮĿԼĹұ˸𣬿ĸĸ˸ɱ
ɹԭϻʵĿŵϵСŮȴó˳ֻҪ׼ΨһĺˣôԼͿɸǵŻλˡ
ʣһ¡ͻȻס
巶Ǹʲôϻʵ۷ŭĶԼһӡ
һ£漴͹𱡴ЦʣػкܶɳǽɹҲȥĻ²ƽϢŭͷȥĹ뼫ຮ֮أΣ
⡭ϻʵۿŵϵСѾͷ˵Ĳ޵ǰһҺϣʵǲġ
巣ʵ汾飬ҾҲŹңСŮɴԼ˫ۿǰ巣ԭˮӴʱ˺⣬лᣬһÿ˲ú
ݡûӦֳֳؿڣѪԼﲻȾ˳׽ͻȻЦͬһֻ޵Ļ䣬š
ʣڿԷ˰ŵȥҲûйϵ
巶ϻʵӽʹڣڿӵĽˣټ鶼ǣǵš
·ס˵µŮæҩĿ
ԲҲֻܱ㵽Ժӣϣչ˺Լ
˫Żȥİ׽ÿ죬ǰһİ׼ͳˡ


001  ຮ֮

˵ĺ䣬ѩûͣ۴ﶬѩƮ
ǺģǺڰģǣܹ̫ůܺһʵĿûлݣûˮԴﶼ档
еģֻǿʳ㶷䵽ˣ͵յĵط
껹ô䡣ŮվѩǰããһƬ۵΢΢µ죬Ҫˡ
ˣԼط˰꣬˶ٿûᣬôЩܹĿȻҪԼֻء
巣ǵ鶼ǣɱһˣɷһᱨӦϣ꣬ԼȻڼǻʹԼһû¡
ϻʵۼݱ巼λΪһϣһҵҪһδǸλˤġ
ϣҹνĴٲɱҾԱ󽫺Ѿǳˡ
¾ϣɱǰȥҹ
ڴ󳼷Ѿ治Ȱ˵Ǹ̨ϵĺɫӰû̫ķӦ
ڻϣɫӴϴ£һͷںڵͷһһԺ
ȴֻϲĳۣһŮ˻աһϣһ˫ʮ־ջĵۣͦı£ƬԸеıŵ޵Ц⣬κҲĪģµһжƿ֮С
巣¹ĵеŮһΪ㵹ŮûвΪеŮˡ
Ǵţʵ۵ƢȴܹŹ֣ʱ꣬ʱʴȣһ񻰰ĴڣȴŮ˶ֻԶԶңҴ
ĺ󹬼ǧȴΨֻӰ̸һֺõ巵ĳ谮Ű裬ûס
Ϊıеĳ谮
ߣ˵޸ôأζĿŴ
ǺַʽҹҹвػУܾͲˡϽ׸޷Ǿ̽Լ
˵ĻǶ𣿡üһʵܣ˼صûһС˵Сġ
ϸ˵˵ôģΪӣӦԵķӡΪԼҲ硣
ޡͻȻ𱡴¶㵹Цݣû뷨
ʲôϵ˼ûá
ô죬ҹϾҪˡ
ҪȵھͺˣҲڱҹôһС۸
Ŵ˽已ûЦ
Ȼǿڿ˵ȵۣǲҪȵۻδأ
ػϣȵ϶սةվ˳ȵµϣıꡭ
ʲô΢΢̧ة࣬ƺЩ֣̿ڽҲмֵĺ¡
һȵûа׵۸ݾͷŹɹС϶Խ䵽ຮ֮أǴҪð׼Ҿɴ˿ӦúɱȥΧ˱ҹñڤҳҲǺǵġ
ة˵е
ҪǻϣӦðȵ۵Ը
ةһĻڴ󳼶ͣεҡҡͷ
ЩϳѵûпͻȻɫʱ꣬ǾȻɱ鶼ǵ¡
ةˣ˵ˣϣδץסȭȫ£Ψаǰ׼ҵ鲻ᣬ׽͵鲻ᣡ
ʱԸоԼһɢϢةడة࣬ĺĺǱҲˡ


002  վ

Ȼةſսô¶һ˿ĵЦݣԴȥԿҹɡ
⡭ةɫȻýӲҲ˵ԼѸߣԼֵ׳꣬Ҳҹıڤѽ
Ҫ֪ǿǸ߱ɱ֣бİұڤҲкǿϻλΪû˸Υġ
ôة˲Ը⣿巼ŵµةࣺة˲˵Ϊ¾ϹᣬѣѲֻ˵˵ѣ
ػϣϳѸߣڴҲûжپ飬Ӣš
ҪǱʾأϸζŪԼĳ
ϣ̿֡ة൱ϳֻл϶ҵĿˡ
ޣڻλϣͻȻ¶һ˿ɱ촽ˣة˰²ȥûҵ̤ةฮһ򡭡巵ĿͻȻɱ⣡
һʱöû뵽һΪΪةΪϵһ仰ͲԼһϵԸҲʱ򣬾Ǿة顣
ԺةĺãὫųǴʱԱĻةͲ֪Ƿܻ
ǰģȻϣ΢գƺԼ
ڰ仹𣿡
ڴҡҡͷҲû˸վ˵ʲô
Ȼû£޾Ҫȥúˡӣڴ´
巿ŻԶȥıӰ̾˿ְ֣ʹȴվʱ
ڣİϣ΢΢˫ĽëڰһӰ
ãԸеıЦ⣬ƺ⾲׵ʱ̡
̶ֹãֿٵߣϸָͬһС飬ͣϷ衣
ˮ֮أҪȥһڵﲻͣ
Ҫϡ
٣ûʱ
ҼмϣϿȥͨߵѾͷӼеĽк
漴˵ϣҾ͵ȵΪֹ
ͳȴʮּᶨһĹ
ϵһ³Ϣ˵Լĸڳ֮ϵ˻ϣةฮĸ˵Ƕһ
ܳҼһ档СѾͷӹ
üͷƺЩ˴ˡ
ǻһ漴ͽõݸѾߡ
ϣҪúóͷ㡣ŤߵǰҲ֪Ϊʲô£
þ巿һֻǽ۵϶һ˿ɫ
˽ŵĵͻȻջ϶ĳ谮ҪΪԼĸףǿɾͲðˡ
Ϊة˵޵ģ巶žة˵飬ة׸Լ޷ԼŮϺλû뵽㹻˳빬ֻǸλ
ϣ֪ﾪ˻ϣҪةฮ
óòôζЦ˵ʲôһ˾ͽةųˡ
ϣҿ㲻ġһЦָ˵ġ
ޣ㿴ָʲô˵һѽԼߡ
ϣ㻹һߵģͷЦ


003   ŵ

巶ƴǲΪ⣬ʱףԼô谮ǰҲû˼
ߣһŵ
ҲûвЦ
ϡ⻰ʱҰף˫ϥһ˵ϡ
Լ빬ûг谮ԼҲԼѿԼĸףﾭǷڡ
ϷŹҸһο巣и˼ֿ
㣬϶˵ˣ㻹飬Ϊѻ𣿡ĵϸϸĴž
ֻҪ̸
žĻͻȻЦһݵľ
޵˼ˣҸͲ
ܷųҸ檡ҧס촽Ҫʲôԡ
ŶȤĿ
˵ҪòȻˣǾóлϷŹԼĸס
ߡл巿žΪвԼǿЦ
ǾҪ޴߰裬Ҫнأ΢΢ǰ㣬м˿ζĿ
巵Ļû뵽巾Ȼ赭дԼľģȻһ˿ûУǿЦ㻹Ƕˡ빬ô꣬˾Ȼ㲢ްϧĸ״ȵ۾ͿʼΪҳı뾹³
һԵ⻰һϲӿͷǸû˿ٸԼˡ
ϣŻˡ˵ֿһҰ׵㿴㶼ѻϸŭˡ
죡ݺݵĵһ
㣬ҲǺȰ㣬ΪʲôҪôأ˱װ
ϣǼҸĲԣˣ룬ҸѾǻ֮ˣôܳȥԿҹأҸܾҲǲΪԼԭҹͬҹս
üȻ˼Ǹƥ̳Ů
Щݣͣס˿һ˵ĺãة൱Ϊﶼ
Ǻ⣿已ͷ
ϣة֪ҰǰĴ٣صǰⲻûʼѿ𣿡ע⵽Լ˵巵˶ӲΪԼ¶ˣﲻϲԼЩϾҵĻλǴӰ׼ģλϲӰôϲ̨ĶᵽΪ已Żİɡ
ǾŻϴʱ״̬һΪԸоĻ̼ˣΪܲ͸ϵ˼û뵽Եˡ
İ°ͣۡ
巷ƢˣѾһأһСľҪǵԴ
ϣŪ۳ˡŤӣԼôͻȻǵˡ
˵˶ٴΣǰҲģ͵һ˦ʧȥľµȥ
ˤ˵ϣҲ˲ʹʱҪľҪֺûϣסԼλá
ϣ檴ˡڵס巺ɫӣ檲öģϲҪ
ʱޛ̬ͻȻЦһƱ巣ʱ֪ʲôһ˲ãһ˲ˡ
巿ڵϵģͻȻһ˿ĸоʮǰǸѾͷԼӣһ̵Ļ

㲻ǰ巶ʱ˹˦Լĳ۾˳ȥ
Ĺڵϣղ˵ģ֪ԼȴˣϺôõ֣巵һμԼ֡
˭֪жôܳ裬һͱֱӱΪӣҲֻƹֻԼ֪ԼûԼÿ޵ıԶԼĿŻ˯ڴﺰŰ
˵ĳ谮ԼǸаļŮˣ
ϸָڳ̧ͷ߰վӸµĿǰľҵةǰ㵹ùϻǷŹңҪſģҪΪСӰ顣
ʹ޸˷֣Żϵĳ谮ԼǰҫԼ׵±ͳС£һ죬ͱضƲ


004  ĲӾû

ƿţϢųڵһУĺݺݵʹ
ˣԼǻֻԼĳԺϲ÷ľƳɵĴɫΧʣǴһССĵ񻨣еһУǰյʱǹʱġ
ȴԶ֣뵱꣬ٻޣɹźıмˣ񣬳˵塣ʹ㺰ƺҲԶš
巰ڴϣĵӱÿն
Լʲôʱϲϰ׽أʱ԰һ򻨴ԼһЦÿӡֻʱд֣ȴƫƫīˮõԼһԼһͷȴϲ˫ֲϸ䣬ĹĵĶԼ˵ţ巣ģ˵ԼٸʱԶԼĻ
һŵѾͷȴԼװתͶ˵ĻˣȻԼ׵ܵԭϵĲֻΪݼڣ˵ӽԼԸõĽӽÿţƤһԼǵһ죬ڿСʱԼǱȵȻʱҲ·ȵס
巣׽㣬ȡ鱨ԼʹĵȴôͿԺĶԼأʩһů㶼ϸҡ
ǵģʼնʹں׹鶼ʱϣģܾԶ벻Ϊǰ׼ҹӣ鶼д̰꣬㣬ôأ
Լ͵ҩ裬һǼһĵطûůû⣬ֻ޾ĺڰ
Ϊ͵Ϊ˱㣬ڻĳɱȴϣˣһԭأþõĽԼڴǰĻУԶȥ
⼸꣬ĺڴ󳼽ԼˣԼòȢĻʺҲԼδ۵ԼƣֻΪһƳһЦ㣬վ㣬ڼ֮سҹҹڰңȴͭǽһĻʹ
𶯡ŮڶϣڤǸоĳԼĲϡ
ζĹ𱡴ôŮ˻ǲ򵥣ҹӪܣȻǸڤƺŮ˺ܸȤǵһ˸ҰѽԼϲܹڵġ
ŮˣڤŮɱԼҲͷԼŸ顣
죡Ů˵ͬǧ꺮ǰ䣬ĵڱڤ
ŮˣСģҪһĲӾûˡڤЦţͲɱԼӵóȥ
ڤǲ룬ΪλɱΧأ
ĪСɱң
볽սΪ˿巵ĻŮӼ˵ţΪ㱱ڤͷԡ
ŮмʱеĴ̼ڤˣûĸŮԼŮӣǺȤ
Ȼˣ罫£ڤ̽
ŮӺ촽һ˿Цݣϸֿٵջеĳֶվ
Ůˣ㻹ǵ󡣡ڤתȴǰŮӸ嵽
һŵİ£ȴЩˣ㷢һ룬һɢԺ󣬲ͬڷվһ׹뷲ˣ˶ɢ׵ʡ
ڤĳŮ˺ţȫֱԼȥΨһıԼ֪ǰŮǸʮˣȴסǾɫ


005    ô

ϧˡڤЦһˣΪʲôҪأ
ЦŮͶȥһ˿Ŀ⣺ҪӮ巣𣿡
ܵͣȴһ˱ڤ˼Ů˵˼̫²͸ǵһŮ˸ôԼ˵ġ
ŮˣͶˡ
㡪𣿡ŮǸֶӶһ˿м
ŮˣСҡƽʱô˵һȥñ˳Ľ£ȻԼû£ǽ죬İŮˣȴ˿ûĸоӿ˺ŨȤ
ɱ˳Ա󽫣ȻԭҲûм˼巵ɵϣ
ޣ𱡴˼
ٳٲɱѵ֪ԼͼѾʶơ
û뵽ս»оڤ߽
û´ǱҹͲظˣոյǻΪۣҵʵ̴ĻĲô󣬻һ˳С已ڸߴϷ
ڤζͻȻŮˣÿ仰̣ǱҹģǳµģҲûбҪԼЩ
ŮˣҪʲô
ͽ»ʹõеһСŮû˿ε˵Լ뷨
ʹڤϸüŮ˵ĿʲôȻҪȥߣԼȴŮ뿪
ôڤڵӿ
û£Բ֪ˡŮµĺ촽һ˿Ц㱱ڤӪд磬˵ûأҲûʧô
ôһ͵ȥҵʧڤϸϸĴһŮӣûʲô仯վ
Ϊסҡǰ㺮
ŮˣñҹôһŮأ
ҽа׽ŮǱʱƳڤɶʮ
׽ڤȻ벻Ĺ׼ȷ˵ǹƼǰ¿кϷˡ
ϣոմϢ˵ҹ˱ˡ
ϣ˱Ԥ֮еģû뵽Ȼ˵ô졣
˵е־Ŀ˿巣һС˵Դûˡ
˵ʲô巼ΪÿȻûΣڤֳʲô
˵ҪһŮ˵ϣܺͺ
Ůˣ巹һ˿ЦݣڤǽԼϲģͶв֮أ
ʲôʱ򵽳¡
ػϣͻᵽˡ
ãˡһŮˣܰԼôأԼ뿴ŮʲôͣñڤѱѺϡ
ʲôһŮˣһϣмŭڤȻһŮ˸Լˡ
һŮӣõôЦԼǸܳοȥ巻һŮأ
ƽʱûеõϵĳ谮ȻǲˡĵĿһۡ
ˡʺϵڴô˶Ůӣǲʲôóġ
˵ĶԣĲǴ󳼽׸ϵŮҲûмüֳ谮ǳЦͻȻһţӴǲ˼ҲǱ󽫾׸ϵġ
Ļһﶼźŭƫƫǻ谮ӣƽʺ󶼲ӸǸŭԣֻｫǧǧ顣
ʺɫ԰׵Ŀָ΢΢˵ûûԼĸɽĻԼϺλԼǵ˻ʺҲòϵĳ谮ϴŮӣһ죬Ͱռ˻еĳ谮Ű裬ҲûнԼԼƫƫܶ
ͽĺðͻȻЦʺƽˣԽеˣҪǸؤȥԼˡ
ͻŭô˵ȫһЦ˳
ŭɶĿǰЦ绨ŮӣѾͷƽҲûжͣһ˳ܵӣôվҸŸɣΪةﲻʹ졣
ô˵ɺͳʺĿͶ
Żʺⲻ˲Լ𣿺һʺһ죬Ľ㻹ʲôڱǰš


006   ҹ׵

ϣκͱҹܲսˣҳ¡˶ƱƵЦݡ
巺ЦϣǵСЩƥϲЩ¹ıӡ
ǡʺЦ˵ǻʺӦڻϺܽȴƫƫЩ롣
ߣʲôӣǱڤҳ¡ƺ߳һ仰Щ󳼵İķи˻ȥ
ȴϴ˻һڴ󳼶ñĵһŮӣʲô壬Żϵĳ谮аԵѡ
ү벻ô谮칦˵ֻ϶ûĴĿԼԵķ
ûлشĻֻԿɬĿһԵӲãʱͲҪЩˣԵ㡣˵գǰʳ߼˽ȥ
үԼĺǻЩܳ
ߵܺߵûǶų̈µЩ΢΢Ĳ˵ǰ׽ãôת۾Ȣ˰ߣðںεأһȥ
лϣүһܺơ
˼˵޴˲ƣĿͶߡ
֪˼Ҫͱأ˵Ĳǻ֣ǻϣĸλҲ˼ϾӻϻүʱͺүͣǺԡ
һˣʲôóġĶͻȻ壬Ϊ¹ڻ
ү߲ãҡ
ִĻ׼һڸ統Ԯ֣ʾܷŹҲý˵ȥߣΪڻʹȻҲͶһ٣岻ã޸ĸԼҲչѣòơ
ϣҿ˵ڤ׸һˣôĻһԴƽ֡
ˡ巹𱡴ЦĸѣԼƺѾ£ãҪʲôˣñڤ͸Լ
Ǿʲôܹ޵ĵطЦ
һԵ޺޵⻰ŮЦбԼأҪŮôġ
ҹʹ
μϣʺҹʹЦϵ巣ǸŮ˻Ҫӡ
׽ɫվ巣ûȤ
󵨣Ϊβ¹򣡡һԵĹ巺
⻹ǻʵ۲̫༱мĹǣ׽Ц
㡭ǰŮӣҲԷĻ
Ǳҹ׸޵Ůˣ巿µİ׽̧ͷ
׽΢΢̧ͷĿֱֱϵ巣ͬٲͷ󲿷ɢԺ󣬶ǰϸӷǳݣһϮվ˵ĸоŮ˺ȻǴ죬ǿֲͬվһǿϺŴԣɹ˵Ŀ⡣
ϣȻߣĪǳĲܼˡһԵ
عŮӣŸоǸˣôϾƫƫһߣ˵ĳļˡ
üŮӸԼĸоȻϤҲΪ˵ԼΪŮǾˣ뽫Լò¶˵С
Ƕ߻ۡ巿ŮӣȻԼĪ⵽ô¡
ΪȲ
ڿƣ巻ķ̣Ƴ߽¶ֻ۾ӣȻ壬ûдκθ飬ǲмǱڤôŮ˸Լأ
ҪΪ䱾ͺˡЦѾͷʶʱ
Ϊڿ㣿λ׽Цˡ
㣡ͻȻʶ˼Сɵŭ漴ֽεεĿ巣ϣⲻ۸𣿡
αضŭÿ˶Լ뷨Ϊ˴߾˵˳ĲôѡҲ֪Ϊʲôô˵ǰزʶŮӣﾹȻЩ
巵Ŀ⿪ʼмζŮƺЩϵǿϧˣ׼úúŮһأ
׽סŭ𣬾ǻɻó˵Ǹ˵һһᰮԼˣǸ˵Ȱײ˺յˣǸ˵ȳԼĸˣԼû˸ĸƼȴúõ


007  һ

ⱱڤ˵׸޵ľôһŮˣװĿ˿µİ׽
ǡô˵ˣ±ҹɢ̿ɴˣ˵ʲôˣԭҲˡ
ҪͰժǿ
ӣ׽һ˿ЦŮ˲Լˣôôֻأ
֪Ȳ㣬ȻҲûбҪժߡ
ߡһǸոǸûˣԼŲᱻ⻰Ի
ȻˣҲҪʺǳЦȻڤܰ׸ϣضʲô֮Ŀۡ
ʺ󣬰׽Ƴһۣʺ󣬿һӣҲʲôöԸȻȲŵ棬⸱ȻģǱ֡
ոյһ仰ǿԼй֮ʵϺ죬Լˡ
ӣʲôգͲҪˡ߰ͷм˵š
뿴ʲôܹҵĵط뵱޵ŮˣûɲС𵤷ζĿŰ׽
ȻˣҾ׳ˡ׽ϸ䣬һжǰԼƵߣá
ֻŤӣͬһֻתڴ룬ӼɵĶţת
己һ˿ЦŮ˻ˢӣҲڤϸ
ٿĴ󳼣׽ȥˣһ˲䣬·ؼֻһˣǣģȻݣǴȻܸܵŮӵľɫǡ
ģ׽˵赸ˮøվЩ˵˲ûע⵽
ֻɫڿвͣķ裬һɳϵĽָǧϣÿһ½Ŷǡô
ͻȻЦѽƣΪڤὫûдõŮ׸ɲǰʯͷԼĽˡ
己任ϸָûΣкϷˡ
үŮӵÿ
ŰߵĻȴüͷƱһڣôܸоŮӶԼųӵĸоأ
ûеֻһĨԼϮ׵ģŮǴ
ͣסûε֣ЩɻĿŮӵĳȥԼѾϵɲ֪ȻǶҪ˵ƽʱҲûеʲôˣô˾Ҫء
ȻɱԼ֪ΪΣһζͻȻоЩʧ䡣
ɫָס˰׽ĳÿüŰ׽ƺʣΪʲôҪɱҡ
ͻȻֻоеĳͻȻһ㣬ͬԼֱۣһ´Լǰء
ˣǴ̿͡ٴξϣҾ֪ŮĻ죬ûûô
½ӿĽͻȻѹλ󳼣ЩƳһԼûкúúŮһ棬ôͰѽйˡ
оؿһʹסԼؿڣû뵽ǿŮ˾ʹô̽ԼǺͿ֪ˡ
µĺ촽һ˿ЦݣĿĿվߵĶ磬ţССͱǽͳ죬һԣû巵Ҳȥү£㷢ڿзͦı£һ˫ޱȼᶨӣһװԵ˸ӳ죬ɰվһػ
巣ǾǺѣ£ε˱ǰе֮ĵһˡ


008  

ֳֳ׽ٴ˹ȥ
һ˿ЦݣһõṦɵϡ
ô֣ŽʱûлϵЩҲҶ֡
׽һɣæ׷һϮ˹ȥ
ү߽ŵĿϽˣԼƽΪƣôܻ˵ء
ߵܴС͸Ÿѧ䣬ôĹڳ¹νһģô챻һŮ׷ӷɡüԼҵߵܡ
Цߵôܴ򲻹һŮˣǸŮð
巼ΪÿӴǰºͺ¾һӣ΢΢ûпǸŮðԼĻݺԼԣΪǰ£ҲûиԼɫϴԼѾڳϳΪԼĵˣһᷴѣѵ˵ҪŮɱ
Ȼɱβ˭
Ļ׽һߣ㽫̽ؿڡ
һϮվʺѪؿڲӿȾ˰׽еĳ԰׵촽ЩÿɶŰ׽
ѵ𣿡
ŮڷķĴĶУͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣԭˣԼ֪˭ѽѽվڸǲĺ⣬Ӧúҵģûоȳ㸸ĸҾ̻Ͻ뼫֮أǵĳ̽ҵؿʱһǻʹ
ŸʲôŮ˸Ҵü¶ЦݣȻЦôŮˡݵúúˡ
𣿡֣ǰѾģʱǸԼߺŽȴԼԽԽԶȫʧԼС
үӴˤ˹ȥ
үˡͷԼĻ¶ˮѪӿԽԽţҲӺ¡
Ұ׵촽΢΢ſ
㣬Ťͷ㿴Ű׽϶ϮһҪүչô꣬ý˺
㣬Ҫ֪ߵǰһ˫ֱֱŰ׽
˲ᵽɤۣʱմ״𣿾㺰˼ҽ㣬ǻɱԼ
ڳ̽ߵʱ򣬰׽͵ջ֣ԼĽ˵ת˵ϣĳҲֱĲ˵ϡ
߲ˡΧֳֳ׼˰׽
˵Ҫ𣿡׽վɨһﱧİߣ׽ûеײϵĵز֮ǰԼǲ˺ġ
磬㻹ŸʲôϿץס͵վ
ãϻû˵ˣ㼱ʲôѲɱڣЦȻҲΪʲôŮҪɱϵӣûеĵز˵Ůƺʲôһ
үǿץסӵ͵Ľ


009   Һź

ҪҪ
ĻĴ󳼶оЩ֣ŮӸոһүأҪǰöԷ֣үھûˣھȻʹվ˵Ҫ˺ŮˣһӢүǱŮ
ϣŮ˾Ҵɱүҹǻ֪ǰʲôģǿɲܾŹŤߵ巵ߡ
ôΪôŮأȤĿ
չȻɱ⣬Ҳ̫ˣճ檿ȥֽŽ͵߽ȥ䵱˰ɡ
һȫ˶ЩȻȻģ䵱˾ͶһŮ˵ѾĪĳˣȻֽŽǱϳ軵
ƽնôԼ˵ġһû˳Ļ׳ôһ⡣
ϣĻôЩأǽԼ±¶æ͵
ϣ˵Ĳ޵Ȼд̻ˣȻҪϳ͵ġ
ﲻһѺʺźƣĳҲȵ֪ﺦ˶ԩꡣ
ʺǣϳʹ̿͡վ˳
ϣ΢ҲôΪ
ϣǲϰ죬ζµסڿڡ
ϳʹŮ
λڱޣʺĻ޵Ļá巿ŹһصĴ󳼣ΪԼ治֪ΪȨڴ󽫾ֺûʺ
ػϣ󽫾ڻϷȹ̹£ڴǻʺ󲻸ˣô󽫾ܸõΪЧŻʺЦ
˼˭ĳ˵ʺԼĸǴ󽫾ָӻ£͢Ͼҵġ
ϣ檻ֻ֣̿Ǿ¶ѡʺίĹ
ôˣҲû˵ʲôôȻˡć̬Ц
ǲԸˡ巽ĿͶ׽ѹȥҺźţ޻ЩҪֽֽ̡
ϡЩ⣬ϵ˼žǲŮô
ȥ˵ִ֣ˣʱٲ֪Ů˭ĻΪµľˡ
׽գ˿˵ĺúźʲô˼ˣηͬһܴӣһźܴĴ⣬ױ̨ûдֻ΢΢һЩСף̫⣬⻹ж԰֣ӵҲǽǰԼˡ
ȥ𣿡յﲻ֪ﴫôһ
ȻбΪβ׽񵭵Ƴһۣ»кֵܶģ͸ô谭Լ⴫
׽뱨𣿡ĵٴ
ͬҺ
˵¶˿ϲɱ巺㲻ʹ𣿡
ˣ˵˼һأ˵ԼȻЩĶ
а취
Լһõĳ𣿡ͻȻЦֻҪ׽ڣֵܶ˻кͺõһ죬һ¾Ĳðˡ
ӣˡһ˽
ĺá¶һ˿Цݣ巣ҵҪصס⳽µĽɽ
֣ΪʲôɱǸŮˣߺ޵ĶŽţո˵˾ȻҴɱ߸磬ǻĲͷˣ粻ûдԸ˺źⲻԼ
ˡ
֣ʲô֣ʱ˵úչ߸磬ô˺㻹ǸŮˡ۵˺ܴŭʰѻλ磬Լ߸粻ֵϾԼһĸܶ಻
˼ûչ˺ȱ˸첲ȣ
ҿͰͲ߸ٸ첲ȡһʱڿ죬ȻԼ˵˻Ҫĸֵ˵Լסˡ
Ƕ޺ܲ
òһʱֱڿ죬˵˻
һֱڿ죬С͵ԣ̫ѧһĺĺñ£޷Ǿ뽫Լϻλ̴ĿǾ
ôҲֱڿһΣɱް첻
㡭巾Ļŭδһ첻ߣһ۱㬵ķȥ


010  

ƿţ㿴׽ڽ޸סĺ˰죬˹ȥ
ˣ׽µĺ촽һ˿Цݣȴɱš
ߵǰЩ΢΢Ĳǰİ׽һ仰˵
ôĺԭߵٴ˻ȥǸطԼôкӹ
һһŮʱȻ־ʧĸо
ҡ
۾׽ʮ۾ƺЩˣôڶԼھô
ȻǰңҲ巸ôĵطڶϡ
ǸԼߣ巵ͻȻŮ˰ǰУΪԼԼȴôϲ
񶾣Լղܡ
巣Щ񣬰׽ٴοڣɱҵģ
һ࣬ҪɱŮˣοȵڡ
ѵɱү㻹ң׽ƺԳ
巵Ц⿴ǻûͲɱɱˡ
ʲô׽һ£Ȼ˵ĻȻԼ׵ܵܵӶ
˼ǷҡȻߣʱǸоЦ绨ӣһ̣ͻȻժߣԼ˼ˡ
㣬ܡһŮ⴫漴˾˽
ϣ檸ոȥ鷿㣬û뵽Ȼܵطˡһ߽˽Ƶſ巵ϡ
һ˦֣һ˫ÿĵ˲
ϡ漴Ҳ˽ǳʧְ
ʧְɨ˶һۣԼ᲻֪ôܵƤ߽ܽģǱʲôˡ
ȥ
ǡ˳ȥ
ϣⶫͳȷӦúúóͷİһ˿ɫ磬ȻŮ˱ܣԼô춼ûܽ
ȥƳһۡ
ϡЩίĿ巣Եø⽿᣺ֻʲô˺ߵܵŮˡ
õң
檲ҡ
ίģĲ̡׽ĿŮڴθԼԣԼô⡣
죬˵ķݣݺݵĵһۣϲɱԼˡ
巣˵û˵ķݣҾͲˡ׽վ׼뿪
巶ס󣬸ŮڿԼ˵˲ɱɲû˵Ҫôߡ
ϣ
ȥ巿Ȼء
ôôأѽŻˡ׽ѿ巵ֱۣ˹ȥ
ѾͷԶ㡣ŮӿԼ϶ʲôĿģ˼
㡣׽һס֣ղſ϶Ż˰ɡ
ܡ˦Լ֣ǰĺŮ˶µȥһͷײԱߵǽϡ
Ѫ׾Ķͷ巵Ķᵽɤۡ
ϣûԼˤģݺҡæ已ͣı⡣
巽׽ᱧһ˫Ӻݺݵĵʲô£ᣡ
㶵վ벻һԼٰ谮巾ȻΪһŮ˶Լ˵ֻոսǸŮˡǸÿڿİǸһֱ޷ȴİ
ѹΪŮôԼΪԼһֱƷˣҲ͵ԼˣôܸģôλӣɲΪŮ˾ͻһ


011   ҵİ

үˡ߷
ؿϵʹ˿ûлڣȴһĵǵģֻǰ׽ջϵԸ֪ݣ϶ɱˡ
Ҫȥϡ
үŸѣϵ˻ûã˵㵽߶
ҪϡǿվԴ죬֪ԼһûܾĻôԼҲˡ
ү߱һᣬȥס
ſ͵˦ȴʧȥˤ˵ϡ
үû°ɡ׽æ˹ȥǳ檲ãӦ÷סġ
ҪϡſҰ׵촽ֻһͷҪȰ׽
үΪ˽ɡߵˮ˳
֪ôˡеץס䡣
ûɱ㣬˽úźźˡ
ͺãҾͷˣˡԽԽץסҲĴȥ
үү˰
ϣλﲢ޴󰭣ֻͷ˵ˣѾһ£һͻġ
̫ҽô˵һȥ
ǣˡ̫ҽԼҽ˳ȥڹŵһ̣ﻹһ˿ţǸŮû£ڵϢҲƽȣôᵽڶûѹҿҲǴСʣС˶˵㲻ʲôǿϸոնŵӣԼҲǻǲ˵Ĳǡ
ѽ
̫ҽһͻȻǰסȥ·
㡭˭
ŵǸŮôˣӽĲϡ
ǸŮûʲô£ʱԾװ˯쵽Щԣ̫ҽŵĻشš
̫ҽôô˵أͷײǽϣɴСײĸ񾭣ٻ߻˺ܺѪûҲǿܵġ
⡭˵Щ̫ҽһ㶣ѵԼϴˡ
ٻһСײͷѴǰ鶼ˣҲпܵģ̫ҽ˵أ
оԷܺɱ̫ҽæ˵ͷŮ˻Լﲻġ
ڴߣžŵİ׽ɵӣոԼͿ𣿿ԼȻԼ忪Цôúˣûһʧ߳ŭ˵Ļ
ϵߣϤľٴչԼǰ
İǸϲԼ巵İǸŽİǸԼůȴֽԼİٴλصҵߡ
巽סߣϸָ˰һھͻԼǰô꣬ڵİ
硣׽ӣİ۹ǰһС
סߵֽһ£ûŮ˸ոʱĵȷ֣ȻˣҲӡĵס
ҽа׽Ӵʱɵôģһգһգǰ巡
ô£ɻĿǰİ׽ôԼʲôǰһĽԼ巣ôھȻͰԼֶˡ
еӺ񡣡
еӣ˵ӦֵܲôͻȻԳЦ
㲻ǵʲôȴǵ̽
׽¶һ˿Цݣֻ֪иӣһֱ磬ԭǽ𣿡
磬ָؽ֨֨죬Ҫú̫ҽŮô¡


012  ʧˣ

ϣλӦǸղŲСײͷˣԴѪ飬ڵʧˡ
ʧ䣿巵Ƴ˰׽һۣһ˫ĥ͸뷨
Ȼʧ䣬Ϊոռǲֱ˵
΢ѧղһʱ׾ոûп̫ҽôúŪ
̫ҽԺΪ׵̫ҽѧղĻǷҪ̫ҽԺ˶ȥȻʿ̫ҽأü
ϡ̫ҽսսĹĺӲƵĶͷ£һ˫Ǿ֡
ϡ׽Цǻ𣿡

ͲҪɱˣͶôˣ׽ϸĺۡ
Ȼ֪鲻ô򵥣һ׽ķ߾ͱˡ
ãҪɱұ㲻ɱ
ĵۺݺݵĵ˹ŵ̫ҽһۣȥ
ˡ̫ҽæȥգų̾һջˮ
ϣʶ𣿡׽ţȴûע⵽ҪΧĶ
µָؽ֨֨죬漴Ű׽ѹȥ
ΪҼֻѽע⵽Щ׽ί˵
ߡһֻ˻Ǽװǵãǰһ㻹أôھȻˡ
ԭļûҡζĿǰİ׽Ķƺʲô
Ӧüǵ𣿡׽˸Ŵ۾
Ȼ㲻ֻǵ˻һ巰ɡ
巡׽Сĳ⼸ֺ󣬾ͼһЦ硣
ʲô磬ǿסŭһˣȻԼ磬ʲôʱ˸ˡ
һϲ㺰巸磬Ūͬٲ˿
Ұ׽վǿ˿Ӧ巣ֵѸת˻⡣
ҲˣԼֶǵã׽˭𣿡
׽̶¶һ˿Цݡ
巽̾һЩ飬ںֻҪİصԼߣʲôԲˡ
ܵ׽СִӱסԼǣȻ˵ǵãôұ㵱ˡ
ⲻ֪׽סִѸóһذףӱø䣬֪Ǹ˭ܰԼ𣬰ּװƵǽ̫ҽ鷳һõʱ
ɱҾɱĶ巣ذףӱ׼巵ؿڣ׼̽ȥ
ذ׿̽ϵһ̣ſﻮһ˿ˣİվǲϷŹ
ջذף׽Ц巡
һûԷǶˣŷŪԵģܽظô
ܽظ⣬׽΢΢һ벻巻ǵԼϲá
ðܽظˡ
ȥ˸巳ͷ˳ȥ
׽˴ߣһڣ巣Ϊھھ㸸ɱҸʣھڴһ֮ĽҸϵԲŽõĺ͵ҵĹһ巣ôҲܽȥĸĸ󸴻ҲЩʽֳҵǰѪϴ鶼ǣͱøۣ


013  


ʲô͵ؽĲ豭ڴϣĿżæѾͷ
鹬λˡ
ô죬ഽһĨЦݣԼ֮еģûǸѾͷݺԼҲмＸ
Сƣ֪ôڡ
ʲô
һֱڳ鹬糯ûȥ
ʲôһϣһӣһûϲϳˣԼô꣬˵ܳ⣬Ҳûڳ˷ˣϿİҪ
ˣڼȥ鹬
ҵҪŮʲô¸
Ҳ֪ô£Ȼûϳ
ƽʱȻԣҲ糯ϡ
ջϵƢֵõ˵أ
ˣһѾ
ԭǽ÷֪ϳк£
÷ǳǳһЦʺ¸һۡ
ôüŰ׽
óԡһаģЦ
ϣ
üʲôة˵ûġ

һ¡׽巣ɣ
ҲΪмıҪ巹ϵľܾѹúЩŮ
ƻ⻰˵ģҲͽ˵Щûв´һҲΨкúõˡ

檲μϡڿߵİ׽͵һԭŮӣͷϵɴҲסǾɫϧ
ҺõûǿժߣҪԵˡ
ϲʩ죬ȴô𪣬ëϣһ£ԣ˵䣬ͷϵɴڸסǾɫϧ֮飬һͷڷǰԵøĶˣ۵ʼЦ⣬ŮˣƵĻ˵ǾԵĺӣȫ¶ֹס
ֲʧĿ⣬ȴе£ıǱ䵽µĸоŮ˼̫أں󹬣Ҫһˡ
ԼҪĲôһŮ
к£
˵ˣֻ
ˣʡ
ע⵽Σ׽촽ϻȳȥɣͽġ
л⣿ÿüŰ׽
⣬Ǿûлˡ
һǸŮӣɱүܻѾ򵥣ھȻ˵
û뵽Ҳû׷һ۾˳ȥ
㣬Ҹ㴴һᣬô˵׽Ŀ
һȻԼĿ
װܲΪĲ֪ɡ
׽Ц֪֪νȻװ֪Ҿ͵üװȥ
úõʶѻȥ糯Ϊù֪Ͳ鷳Ͼֻһסڳ鹬޷ݵŮӡ
ù֪ңȲҳ鷳һǲ
ŵŮӣŰ׽ЦݶЩԼëȻ


014  ˼

֪þȻ˼ǳЦ
û˼ң
ãΪѡеˣһ˿ЦݣãΡ
˵
ֻҪҾȳҵ⵹һõҪһС
һС׽Ц֪ҪһʲôҪˤ»λǳưܲЩܰң
͵һŮӾȻ˼ôԻߡ
ˣ
ԼһЦԽŮ˿£Ϊ˾ȸףΪ˰⵹øŮӺ
û¹㣬Ұˡ
ãǱСһ档
Ȼˣڸø˭˰ɡ
׽
׽ﾪȵĸˣ˵ɹͽа׽ǰ񱻳¹ƣ׽Ҳ巴һϵ֮ȥˡ
Ȼˣѹһأɱĸ֮׷أ
ôΪɱ巾Ǳˣ
׽üѵиõ⡣
һˣҾҪƾһ֮˳°֡
˵Ķԣ׽üԼôǿɱ巣ҲӲˣﻹлñڤƳ£
巡
ƺͬʱ뵽ôһˣ˸սȻ㲻ңôͱˡ
ҹ巣
Ц׽Ҫõ巣ùֻҪԸ⣬ǻʺı巶׽ġ
Ҳ̸Ϲͺúôߣȥơ
ѵµʱİ
ûлӦֻǳЦ׽ѽ׽ڲǱɱס˫ۣ˵ǻ巣˭֪᲻ᰮأһ飬ʲôݻٳ¡
΢μʺ
𡣡
лʺ󣬲֪к£
ʺһЦ˵Ͻûȥ糯
˳̾һ巵ƢԼҲö˵ʲô
ֻ˱ϣһò绨ĺ֪ˣˣҲ
ʺʲô˼һͷˮĿŻʺ
ѵ֪˵ȥĴ̿ͷųˣúõڳ鹬½绹չ
⡭ѹ֣ԭϽ첻ȥ糯ȥǸŮȥˣڻ޷ݾƫ̻ԺҪɽǻ˵á
˾Ͷ»ϣϾԽ
ߡʱжˣ¡лʺ󹬲ſɰҲſɲʢ
˴Աܵ𡣡
ʺʶ壬ǰյĸڻ£иˡ
ϣܺ͸λ󳼽һǲҪԻĴ١
ˡ
ԶȥıӰʺɲüͷȥǸŮƱػס󹬣ʱԼĵλҲҪȻˣΪǿҵҪôԽЩߡ


015   

ǵȥЦǰ档
㾹ҵסȥ·ƽ۵ŭڵžҲûбҪαװ
ȥߵѾͷ˵
ǡ
Ϊˣϵŭʢˡ
ҿ֪ȥǽղŴչá
ãƺ벻ѾͷĻͦģһ֮ѣʱ뵽ϻչǸѾͷͲһ
ʲôطԵǻͽĹΪΪԼģû뵽ô꣬ȻԼȥ֪֪еİ֪ڵһŮӶѣԭΪǸŮӲû뵽ǻվԼǰԼôܡ
ѵЦģ
òҪŭ֪İ׵۰
һĹʲôüǵõġм˵
һֱΪΪβʵĹȥҸףʵ㾿֪𣿡
ڱҺһ㣬㷲²Ҫôߣġ
Ц˵ǽԼ㣬Ϊڻǰװѣ̸ϾԼˡ
˵¹ȵ۱㽫ԼӣĻϺүû뵽Ƕ˾ȻȺɹȵ۵Ȼ̣ҽɹϵຮ֮ȥˡ
Һθɣ㻹ǲҪڱˡ
ĻЦ
ǻϴŮӣǹªš
㣡Ʊתһ룬ô˵϶˼ͲžרԼġ
ȥĿͶĹŮԼӡ
ʲô²ֱ˵
֪ɹ˭𣿡
Щͱйϵ
С׽ע⵽ͻȻɫ촽
׽ڴϴɱ飬Ҳûɱѵ˵
ΪһںģҪ֪ɹͬĸá
׽µָһǰŮҺ󹬣
ע⵽ŭԽԽأȷʹ죬ŵˣӦóܵζڻǰ飬ԼĸҲڻةฮԼʹ죬ҲҪѹٱ
㲻浱ΪǺϢɡž
ξǿҲˣˡƹ뿪ôһضֻҪð׽ڻʹͱض˺ҾͲ׽ΪԱȥ巡

кηԸ
汾ȥ
ﲻ˵ȥ
ڸıˡƵĿΣð׽ڹʲôֶΣó


016   ڹ

ү߶ҩιòϣ׽̵һȷǺôûʲôɫΪĲϣҲûкת
ϣԭͰƤʱ򲻽¶һ˿̬Ƭ촽ɸѡڵûаɵĿŴ⡣
겻ȥӣ֪ʵҰģͲᱻãѪϴ鶼ǵİס
ûаϰ׽Ƿͻ᲻һˡ
簮һֱԼϡǵãǸСŮǰЦöôġ
ǼįģС˹͢ѱͬǽͣԼԣð׽ȥһ磬ô죬Ҳ巵ߡ
ȿȡ
үû°ɣȥ̫ҽ
ˡ֣ȳȥɡ
ү߱˵ЩʲôյĿʱ˳ȥ
Ӱšüͷ
үӴ߿һӰվǰ
үкηԸ
ôˡ
ү׹ܺãסڳ鹬ÿ粽ߡ
粽룬΢΢Ѵ巣㲻ǿɱصסˣزסġ
˵ڲڳ鹬רչ˰׹
רˣǻߵ𣿡
үǵġ
֪ΪΣô˵Щڽʲôأ巻úܺò𣿶ҲǸԱ
ȥ鹬Ķţʲô飬ҡ
ǡ
չǲģϵһ̣ôζβ
ϣ׽ǰǹȻɱүϲ
ϣһǰӦɱ֮죬ɻȻں󹬣ⲻǡ
һϮֽȭһͷǽںεˣһ׽õôµԼô
磬ϵʲô˼
ҡҡͷȰסˡ
˼
λ󳼵˼ˡ巹Цڹ޲Ӧһûݵڻʹ
ϣǰ׽֮Ůúôڼܻɱүôں󹬣
ˣ˵һ֮˵Ļ𣿡
ӣŷĵȻ
Ǿ˵ްѰ׽Ӽ֮ٻȷģڻ룬Ȼ˵޷ݵڹôǷһźأ
⡭ڴ巵˼Ҫ׽ڹҪһš
ʵҪǽ׽ڹҲδɡ
кθ߼
׽ǱҹˣҲͻָķţԶޱҹΡ
巿ͷĴ󳼣𱡴¶һЦݡ


017   ˴ɱ

׽ЦνѾͷһ˿Ĺâ浱Լɵ⹬ҪľɵӣȻѾݲԼˣôҲܾ޶ԡ
ЦеûţСѾͷЦЦҿͷҪǳȥ߰ɡ
ˣȥ
ǹ˵ϲܽظ⣬ūȥŷ˵˵ȻЩܽظɡ
ð
ūȥ
׽ĿųȥѾߣ¶һ˿ЦݣǻʺǾҲ˵
һ˲Цݣ׽Ŀ
ﻹǻ顣һӴӺ˽
˵Ͳǵˣʲô£
ҼӸġ˵ݹһСֽ
ޣ˭
ǴˣͲҪ¶˰ɡ
׽ӹֽӣϴθҴ¿ˣ
һתģȸˡ
׽Ūֽ⳽ƺҲûôȻ巵˻λǲĴڣڶԸͬʱǷ֪ﻹвλأ
ҵκһˣλ׽Сֽǻ޹أҵ·Ҳøҵ
νĺǻöѣˣνҲˣҵ飬˶ϣ
ܽظˡ
ɣʲô֣ͷû㡣
ҽ
׽촽һܽظ⣬ȴûȥﷴŪ˷
ǰﵱģ
عūǰڻʺﵱģ̫͵˻Ǳ߷̡
ʺ󣬰׽ֻЦЦ˵ԸѾվͽܽظ
Ű׽Լ׼ʳﲻһѾͷҲû˵ôѶԸΪԼҪһ࣬û뵽ˡ
ū澼׽Ѿ׼ʳˡ
á¶һ˿̵Цݣ׽ɹֲң˭ҸˣȻҪôҾԶ벻˹
׽еԱ߿飬һ˫ʼյʹ֪ʲôһԵЩǵĿ棬˵ʱҲˣôڶûа㶯ʲô˰ɡ
ˣ׽һڲ衣
㿴ЩŵĿĸˡ
СѾͷҽţΪǵأû֮ľȣ׽Ȼƽ
˵ʲôֵĿŰ׽û뵽Ůʱô֮ء
ǰڻʺﵱ

˵谮󣬺ٲ˶Ӵɡ
ʲôĻ׺䶥ͷϣ˼֪Լˣôʲôʱ֪أѵ˵ڳԶ֮ǰã


018   Ϊɺ

ǲǺɻô֪ļı׽Ц绨Ŀžδ
㡭ǿɱеȥһҪ߹Ůֲ̫ˡ
׽촽ܣûôס
ҡߵſڵһֻ̣оԼͬʯһ˶ڹĺ¡
͸ӵ׽۵ȥ
ŮǾ͵Ϊ
ɱ
ϧǶģȻˣǾ͹ֲˣ׽һ͵ԺУô꣬ĵԼһ޳𣿴ӽһԼûûҹΪľгˣ˭谭·ܷŹǣ
ĸ˻࿴һֳֳۣ˹ȥ
ɰ׽Ӻ㿪ǵĽһߣеһ˲
ûռ˿ıˣ׽ĳ۶ʱȴûɱǣЩˣдõġ
Ů̫ˡ
ˣ֮һҪɱ
ϣ˵ôҪɱһСŮô죿
ϣĸ˶˵ôᡭǸŮڿǡ
ȻĸţſڵȴеĿ˺;һ߽巡
СŮӣĻЦ׽СŮӵĻôϣûνŮˣŮݰ׽᲻еˡ
ûκα飬ߵ׽ǰסļ򣺡ͰЩ˽Ϊ
Ϊ򣿰׽ÿüʲôΪ
ôѵΪû㵱ʺԲ⣬ôʹһˣңϺλͽɽɺá
λ׽Ŀ巣󣬽Լһˣǵ֮ģֻҪõģҪֶΣ˻ʺң巣滹ŴϵĲ̡
硣
һĽٽΧ
ޣҪڡЦŰ׽ȥ
߽ŵһ̣˾˳ʵʲôǻϣһĺܲҵġ
Ӵ⻹һŮǷʲô´½ЦѨ
ǡֻһֱƲ˵Ĺ΢΢Щߵߣ⿪Ѩ
׽߻жٸˣһôһѾߣһҲ˵
˼ˡ巶Ű׽Цб⡣
㲻Ҫߵˣжٰˣѹ벻ȻΪλܺúõͨλ֮սܻڵġ


019  

̧ͷӵŰ׽Ƴŵ
ʱȾͬǦһܣûôᵽ
չŪôһʲô˼ЩͲ޶˰ɡ
ϣūԩūʲôûǰ׹ҵѨ
ΪʲôҪѨأһŮңôȥ
ҡҡ
˵ϴ㣿ӴŻҵڹʲô
ΪΪū澡ֵ̧ͷֻÿɫĳۡ
ϣͻ
ĸϸüŽͨС̫ࡣ
׽𱡴ô˵Թžౡ飬Լ˶֪
еĲǵôһˣĺӺܶ࣬ԼǵõĴžֻةľԼپҵĻʺ಻̫һЩ׸ģһ˵˿УǾЩԼûм˶
ǽ

Ź䣬ƿŴ˽һжƺˣð׽ɥ鹬û뵽·Ȼɱ˻ϣǻôڵһƳߺЦľһУԭѾͷȻһˣǸǧһ
ΣѾҺҺΡ
檲μϣû뵽Ҳ
ڹͲĻϻصΪԼġһеأ뿴ʧģ
û뵽ֻǳǳһЦ⻰˵ģʲôǻҪ»Ϲһˡ

ã֪㵨СϣΪѣⲻ𣿲Ҳɣǵϴʹ͸ıʲôⲻһȥ͸õģⲻ˻ʶǲһġ
Цԭ
Ǳ޿̧ƣʲô⣬巵Ȼ֪ϴΰ黹ûˣôһǲ
ϣ˵Ѿùһ壬ҫ˸ɫĹâҲС硣
已⣬ȴıˣΪó壬ǵ͸Լģ˴ؼҸ˸ĸû뵽վȻУô˵ƹ
ū飬ūԩġǺεȵĴ뵽Եɡܵȥסȹӡ
ʲôʶ㡣СѾԼĺȡ񣬴ƿǰˣȴϣôҲƲ
ѾͷǴ
巵ĻԽԽôҷѽˣ֪˼˵ͼ˵Ļʹ


020  ͷ

Ҫų檣ֻǸҡҲ֪ΪʲôѾͷҡæܵǰȥ
ڰ׹ʳµҩɢȥĹȻɱԲϰ
žݺݵһƴϣһ澣ôã벻㾹Ⱥ˵˼
׽ĿǣǹҧҲû£Ȼ棬ٶ漸Ρ
㣬ʲô˼ץס󣺡ǰ׽Թ޳ô˼Īĳ谮ҿѾͷָʹŸɳ顣
촽ЦڻָҲգֻǶЦùﻹŸ׹µҩɣȥ鿴һʱ֪ǲǻˡ
һʲô׼ˣȻڻѵõ
ˣȻû£Ҳƽϡ
ƽϡŤͷŰ׽ѾͷȻˣǻֻҪһԼ޷ǶģȻûôԼԸ
ÿƣ⹬Խƣ˾Խ۸һָĸ۵ģϿһҪΪ
㿴޸δأüž
Ż¶һ˿̵ЦݣɱһӰ١
׽ֳһ£м˿Ŀž
Ǿʹ߰籰ɡһӣ˽ȥ
ϣԩĲǳġϡǵĶϣžȻЦﻹһ˿ţ׽ǿӸĳ裬պһӱ
ϣ檻һ󡣡
˵
˺ܶڰ׹ķԷڹУϲһֵĻԷڣûչˣǻв˴˼
ϡˣĵ˺ʢŭñϾǰǰֿЩʰɡ
˵ʾǺʣͷɡ
硭һȣ˼Լôܳ裬ôŴΪ׽Ȼһ¾Խ˹
ľţЦȴмˣûôȣΪʲô巷׽Ϊ޷ǾǸһףİ֮˵ĹԼԼĸף巣ΪһҪصİ׽Ȼֵز
׽ֻо巷ֽһ£˵ɣԼȴô£ΪʲôҪԼΪģһֱʹɱȴǸӡ


021   Ҫ뿪

ĸһҪܹܣȻҪ׽ΪⲻǶǳµ𣿡ĿԼĸ
̫ӣ¶һ˿ЦݣȻҪΪǾȥ
ĸǰ׽߸ľˣ֮ǰڴϴɱ߸磬ֺһû׼ȥɱ߸ġ
巣̫Ц𽥵СԼĶӶô㣬ĵȲ巣ΪǻʺĵճͰѻλˣԼȴҪںν̫ƽڽģԼһҪ
ǰ׽ԲܸԼĶһߣᵢǰ̣Ȼôǰһ
ð׽빬ùеŮˣĸǻܱ˵ڴ󳼻ͬ巽һǰߣԽֵô󣬱Խϲȵһʧȥģô񲻾Ǹװˡ
ĸô˵˲٣һͷ߸֪£᲻ᡭ
ҵĵģǸۣΪ׽Ȣ˰׽ˣǲϷ֡
ĸ뷨
ˣɲϷ̫֡Цһǰ׽Ѿ˽ǰ̣϶ϲٴ˽ĺλ
źѾͷ÷кԼճӵѾͷЦӯӯ˵ţȻ˵ǰĹﻹûв֮񣬲ϼȻѾ˵ΪͲʳԣǳʷϵһ˱ֱӷΪģÿϸ˵ޣǳңλӵķͷܸǹӣȻ÷ֺˡ
ū澼
׽ֻǵƳһۣȻһ˲ʧϸָ֨֨죬ë̲ס˷
ֱߵ§סӵ΢΢һ£Ż˹ɡ
ūл
ﲻǣȥ
ǣū澸ˡҲ̾һǵĻʼ⸱ģôʱˮĪʲô
ôҵ߰ɡü
׽סĲ죬Ͼʧˣǵüװȥġ
һЦôأ
һζǳɴЦ˵ҪҪ뿪ҵߡ
һα巣δô뿪㡣
Ȼ
巹𱡴Ц˽һΰɣȻ˰ߣͰѰԼ߰ɣΣԲ뿪ԺܵĺǣҲҪ׷


022   ȥʹ

󡭡ס豭ֺݺݵĽһ£巣ҵģ˿δ㶼ܶҵ
ҾԲôҵ꣬ƾʲôԵõ
žֽıӸ˳ȥ̵Ĳˮڵϻɢ
үûŰɡĶæ˽ǰһ˫ӵǵĿ
򣿡һһѰߵ°͡
үⲻܾģʥּ£Ҫв֮ˣʹҲûа취ˡ
ʥּ㣬µּʥּûλµʥּ
ү⻰ɲ˵⴫ȥǳµġ
ȿȡƿߣǿվӰȥʹ
үɲܳ嶯ץסһڡ
ȥ㲻Ը⣿
ȥȽ㣬ðȻǰȥǺү˼
ү˵ĶԡӰЩΪѵĿܾȥʹ
ָӲˡֻؿڵʹʢˣһŻգȴ޷ܽŻ
ߵܣ·ôĻ𡣡
ү
Լ˹ߵܣҪ֪ܵ˻ϣʲô˵ʲô˵᲻ɣΪһŮ˾ʲôˡȴӡ˭֪ԹųǴСǻʺճôеõλǷģģֵдڡ
үҲݣƽʱԼûǳʲô£ҲǸңүĿڱҲܺãΪԭֵܽ롣
磬ҵģȰ㲻Ҫ
ΪʲôҪ㣬Ҳ뿴һŭΪճʹͻ˵Ѱ׽ø㣬Ȼأͬ⣬ʥּ˳Цǻ壿ϲͬ⣿Ͱ׽Ծڵǰߺͻɱùô㶷ùϣһ͹ܵģִҪȥĻһǲ㡣
ֻҪͬ⣬ţôͷⲻɹˣҾͿԡԽˡ
ð׽ͬ⣿ϻͬ⣿
ӽԼ֪ڹ޷뱨ѣɱԼˣôԼߡ˵ϣǸǲˡ
ˣûϻںʲôҶ֪ǸƷѣȥ˰׽ûпںˣ㲻һĸһĸİĵ𣿡̾˿㲻ɵӣʵΪʲôŹ׽Ϊܵأûü׽ܻߵܣΪ׽Ĳ٣Ƕİ֮ô
İ֮ЦһβԼİ֮أ
һ͵ȥĻҲ˵壬߰ɡ
ǡֻ곤˳ȥ
үΪʲôҪȰүȥ
ִĻе飬֮ܲȻϲ׽Щᴦġ
վöƶӣԼûа취ˣվǸλϵ˵õ


023  ̫

ɫѾˣϿЪϢɡ
÷˵ǲòãôһҪһʺŴڵҹɫΪ˶ƸΪʺ󣬿վģԼΪһʹţ˾ˣû뵽Ҫһô̵ȥ
ֵܹҿЩǵĻ򽫾һжõġ
ֻǲ֪ʲôʱܻ
ģЩƥ򣬲ǽĶ֣ع˶þͻ῭ġ
ϣˡ
׽ǰ÷벻ʱǻܿ˵ޣȴ᲻ˣ˹Ȼ˵ǿ׽己ˣ
һˣȴ˱ȻϷŰ
׽Ƴһֻۣһɫ˿۵˹мƤѩһ𪣬ںڵͷӲͣİţһ˫峺һգգĿǰİ׽Сɵı£Ƭ촽ʼЦ⣬ͲҲǸʼӵܣҪȻ֡
㣬ô˵ѽкЦ
ǡƺûʲô˵ġ
˭˵ûˡкһۣǰֵ֪ĹˣȻԼҪԼŽӣǰ͵ԼĻɩܷˡ
һϮվڻ䣬һͷ˿ڷƮֶվͬİŮӣһСԼе𾪣ڵףҪԼȥʩ죬ȴˣۺС񺬰ŵõ壬ǰ㽿Ρ
ˣʲô֣
а׽
׽ǲǣкʶʲôŤͷͷԼһֺһվɣԼǸ˴кǻ־ͺҪԼƵġ
㲻ȥǰʲô˹ס׽֣뾹˱վ˶ãһ
ɩӵռкˣԼ治ɣСʱ򻹱ɩˡ
ɩӣ㻹ǵСʱ㻹ء
ɩӣҵˣ׽Ťͷȥش⡣
硣巻εա
磬׽΢΢һۣǵСʱǸʮϲСӣôˡ
ǰɩӣ㻹ǵ㵱Żʱÿ춼Ҫ㱧ʱѻĲᡣ
ʧˡ˵ϾԼһĸֻôһܵܣȻϣ԰Ĵ١
ôһѣ׽ˣû뵽Լƭ巵ĻȻ˵Ľڣô˵޷ҲԼѾʧˣȻͲڱֳǺҵˡ
ҵϡǵи޵ĺǲҡ
УɩӣҺܹԵģ϶ǼǴˡ
ˣ߰ɡŰ׽ƹ˳ȥ̫ӽԲں磬ԼΨһĵܵܣϣʲô
⡭ֿСȻЩίǶǵıӰЦû뵽¸ô꣬ﻹ㣬űȵĹǸŰ


024   ڴ󳼵Ϊ

ǣŰ׽ʱ򣬵ѾĴ󳼣ɨһۣʼҵļλүûеǲ档
޺ϲģѹ
ϡ׵վ׽ǰܷΪӣջس
ϣȵ£ɹ˴ĿĲ
ϣɹϴڴ֮´ɱļ֮˾Ͳں󹬡
أȤĿǡ
Գջس˵һλ󳼷׷׹ֻ°׽ʹϱŰҲϧ
ô
׽ŹŵĳͻȻǳǳЦǹ޵Ļȿǣ˼
ԴˣҼǵøǰʶ㣬û뵽Ȼ㣬ôҲЩһΪȻǴЦ⣬ȴͬ̽Խ
˭˲֪Խԭǰ׵۵İֻƣͶң׽ô˵ô˵޷ָ
Ϊ΢ı֡
ǣ˵ôãҵǿŻǳˡ
ǲ˵ϴȥةฮûʲô°ɡ
⡭⡭͵˽ʱةҪҪϣı£Ϊû֪ģôȻѾͷ˵ˡ
ˡ׽Ц˵ϴ¸˻ʺ󣬿еõʲôϢ
ʺһ֮ĸۣ
ۣ׽ЦԭҵĹֻۣҵƫȻô󣬱˵ҽ˹˹Ůɡ
㡭ŭһ仰˵
νӷͬǲǹ˺үӦܷ
һеأճɷ׽ǲǹӦֻҪˣҲͻ϶Ÿˡ
ҼǵةоϻҪòֻǺߵܵһЦɱ֪λк뷨Ӧҹߵ׽ߡ
⡭ڴǾȻһ㣬׽Ǳҹ׸ϵģ޷Ϊս˺˰׽ձڤԸҪһˡ
ԶԵӣͻȻЦûô׽ڤһ𣬲ڿƺı
ϣΪǱҹģѱû֮ͨӣ˼
˴Բӡ
ŴͷȥӼľү
΢μү
ϡûдĹݣǶףͿһԱߵİ׽á
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вľһ˫ȣȴûܶļ˵ҽûЧֻԼһתΣƽʱҲ㡣
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025   ѳɶ

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026   Ǳ

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˵Դһֱةԣѵ㲻游״
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027    밲

ʺҲ̫˰ɣȻһȺš
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ʺҪúóͷ
˵ţʺ밲һӶĺ磬뿴·ʲô£ȵڻûаӰ
ʺҡҡͷεЦڵȵȣȻʲô˵ġ
ߡĲ豭ϣǰҲûмôȣôջѾͷͱʴˡ
ôˣ˻ԷĹȻǺҲһλģô㾹ѾͷЦ

׽˽ɨһĸλӣ¶뿴ԼЦġ
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õļӿǴѽķŮӲмƳһۡ
ã׽ŮЦȻãطλܸ߰ɣֻǲ֪ĹĹǻʹ
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ҲطôΪ档Ůӵᣬ˿˿紵ÿ˵
˵ţ褲ų⣬ϾУѵһˡ
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⻰˵ãΪÿ㹬Ƶġ
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üͷ̫Ǽ٣ѹ׽İɣ̫һҲá
áȻȥȻҪʺˡ


028    ټ

ĸ󡣡
ɡ
лĸ󡣡
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ĸý㡭Ųðɡüͷŵµİ׽ǺþûмԼĽˡ
⻹̰ң
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׽ֽһָ֣̫
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029   ֶԸ

ˡԼӻ÷æӭȥٲҪ鹬ˡ
յĲԣ׽ĿٵɨһڣԼѾͷȻһأոձĴҲսľһԡ
ٿ巣һʯһԲǿɫ͹ЩѾͷܵá
ôˣ׽˹ȥոյʱͱһϥϡ
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Ҫ֪Ҹͽ˰׽ȥԸأ
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030   ȥ乬

ôˡ׽Цĸ۸ʱҲôʱ㲻ˣ
ߡܸȣ
ǰ׵ԲɹȻûˣҵݰ㡭׽мĹǣ㲻ϻʵ۸һ΢ĹŮѾͷԼˡ
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ǴĬˡ
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031   

о§סԼּ׽һ˿֮顣
үǻ˵Цȥأǵ;˵ѡ
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Ҳѹ֣ô͢˵ĵġ״ԣ߽ڣҵΪ˵û̫ȷǴӹŮģֱڿ죬ѵҪΪΪ
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ڰ׽ǰ·ϵİʯһҪ


032   С¸

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ظһظȻҲŹ˱һԼ
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ܵůϢԼ°Լļϣ׽֣Щ΢Ĳ

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033     

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׽ͷ㻹šĶ̽˹ȥ
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÷ôʺһǵӿ
ū澲ã÷ɷģû뵽Ȼҵ÷
û뵽׽˼ϸֳΧϣøҩľƱѳʧ÷ûܹ֤ԼľҩˣܳɹĽ跽ɵֳԼʺѽʺɷѿġ
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巣ļϵŮˣǱԼܵˡ


034   ľ

ϻּɣлʺ¸ȫ乬ѾͷһĴ
ʺĲһԵĽ÷ס
¸ﶼǸҲûг׽û뵽ϾȻǣⲻǶ˸ĺ·ô
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ּڳ鹬˭ʺǲҪְ¡
Ͳܡ
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ǻʺսְ⣬ǲ۾ȥɡ
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׽ЦͻȻû뵽ʧԼҲԣȻװʧˣΪҪô׽أ


035  

ģһٲˡ׽ĵĿ巣ˣܷȳȥأ
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ھȻǸԭҪذףٵ档
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ǶԸʺ󣬲ȥ򽫾Ҳǰ׷ѡ

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036   Ļ

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037  Ϊŵ

ŵĻ͸ͣ߳ȥ
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ϣֻǺġһŮǰѾһ磬û뵽ǲŲʡ
ȻأüǣԼĶҪһˡ
ϣһ磬һˮûкȹ
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泳ֵ÷ģתһ룬ǸλڳʲôҪ飬ҲûҴš
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ܺݣΪʲôܣԼõĵȻҪûõģֻᵢ£Ǻúõȥˡ


038   в̫

ƣ̫ŭһֽĲ豭ˤȥ̵Ĳˮİ׽һٿȰѾͷľսĹһء
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׽ȻҴŵǰҪͼı죬ˣ£̫һһԵϡ
̫Ҫˡ׽ϵѵ˵һֱߵûа飿˵Ϊ˳һʱܾ֮͸Ը
̫һ£ôûи飬ô꣬˲飬ҲΪԼ̫֮ܵλΪһ׽ôأ

׽øҸϿſȻҪȰ
̫˼ǻΪҷſܻųȥһ
̫ҹһ˸ȰҵĶעĲġ
̫üΪĹ
һزȥôҵѾͷȥľǻϣǡ
ܰô̫Цô֪꣬Լ˶£̵ڣ޷Լû취ͲΪ˰׽ΪôһŮˣܸĿ
Ҫżһû˵ꡣûоȳңôүҪˣɲҪˣıӣˣ
׽̫Ķ޲Ҫȥһ
׽ջؼֲϵذףһƿֱֱĿ̫ɼסˣȻһûʲôѣˣвҵģ̫ͲһˣǱӳ⣬Ϊڹıô꣬ʲôأ
ֻ̫оŭֱţȫֹסĲĥŮ
ҽҲûʲô˼Ҫ׽üЩֻ̫۱ֻۣȻҿɲܱ֤˵İΣ
׽ô
Ȼ̫ԿҪӦ˭أүɣϾǾʶҲ㡱
̫ݺݵĵ޲ýʬΣܣȻܸѾͷŸɡ
̫ͳ
̫ŬѹһӵĻôʱˣ
°ɡ
ǡ
磿׽ЦɲΪǼһԼġ
μ̫
ɣ֪ͳǰк£
վֱӣĿɨһ۰׽к£ǻѾͷŲ
ң˸á
ֻ˵̫
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ͳϢǿ٣Īǵһô
عİΣӦʱѯ״
Ϊӣܰôɣû뵽˶ͳ죬ˣҲˣǶȥɡ
ˡ
׽ƳһۣŶ˳ȥ
оͰִڳ鹬
׽¶һ˿Цݣ˼ϣԼҪȥ°ɡ
ͳԭôϲҡ
Ƴһۣ緢ֲûʲôø˵ġ
ͳ궼ʻɡ
ʲôÿü
ûпصĶҲ㡣
ǹܺԼ£úôڻߡͷ˳ȥ
һʯıӰ׽΢΢ǡ
ҺѾ֪ˡ
û߾ǻϡ֣һϮѩվ˰׽Աߡ


039   

ǽ֮үү׶Ϊ˱¶һֻг£ֻлϣ˵ӶֵĻ벻ϡ
үڸ׼ƣ
һҪץסϡ
׽ԳЦϲ˲ģǰȥұˡ
Ͳүˣһץ巵ġ
ǡЦץסϣûȥ巡
׽Ŀ⿴᲻˼
Ͽκˣ巡
λ
ο˵ôأǴλΪ巵ĵܵܣӦܵϻλ˵أ
˵׽ÿɷЦû¡
һѶסЩŭʲôû£ѵ巾ˣΪиΪʺףܵϻλ
ôϴûаɱˣһβ˷ˡ
ı𣿲űи巣һҲҡ
и巣ǰʲôʱʼʼôһ֮ϵˣԲŸԵĺΪҲǷ
֣
㲻ҪΪڳ㣬ǵģɲ⣬һõŮӣ˵ӾԺ³
ȿȣ׽΢΢
ôˣɿ֣Ŀ
׽ϸֳһԣЦѵΪոĻŻ˼
ܡ׽šüͷһ϶ǸղڴȰķԼʲôʱôһ㶼ܲˡ
صĿЩĵǡ
ǡϴ˻ûã̽ʵ
˵˲ܣ׽ľܾĹġ
ϣкþûҵıˣ檿ˡŤ巿
ûʱ㡣ûпһֱۣǰȥ
ϡæȥͬС˰ץס巵ۣĿ
޸ѡҪôɿҪô
ѡĹŮ̫೤һǵĻϣǲһأ֮ǰôܳ裬ŵľͷܰѻʺȥ˭֪һλӾһǧˡ
ϣ檲֪ǵˣȻôίĵͷ
ѵ޲˻Ҫһɣ
檲˼
ɿ˰
⻰Ȼܷŭ뵽巵ƢǹԹԵɿס巵֡
ðֵĴڱҪ֪ʲô򡭡
ϣһжΪá
ޡһͷ̨ĨϤӰʱֽסȭ
о巻ɢĸо˳ߵƳһۣ׽͹˼
ϣ
죡û˵꣬巺ݺĻĨɫӰ
׽оעԼ̧ͷ㿴ǵ
Ǹһˡ浭Ц
ûжķӦ׽촽Ц巰巣һĶ綼㸺𣬺ôΣѵʱͦأЦƾʲôҪ㡣
֮䲻㣬Ұˡ


040   ʥּ

ˡ׽̤Ŷ룬æӭȥٲ»ϰ鹬˶пܡ
淢ƢƺһжȻġ
ĵ˵ͷ
׽˾ȥǽ壬巸ոж
ʲôأԼڴȰֻ̫ǰݵĺ֡
׽ûдﵽʹĵزС
ٿ巣ֱͦԣʧƽʱһЩ֮˼˺ͷŭһ˫ֱĶŰ׽һֿԴ͸ĵ
ãֻƬﶼ˵
ʰһ¡
ǡԣѾǼæӿʼæµŻϻҲֳ̫Ķ
ϽûҪæ׽߹ȥ
ǵĿ˵һ仰
׽Ц˵뵱ǿʢΪܾ谮ɹǱı
ֻϧΪ˳£˱˲ڽµĵͼ֮
Ϊʲôÿһζϣ뿪ͻȻʵ
ˣҲûҪ˼
Ϊʲôÿһζϣ뿪Щ˵Ŀɨ׽
ǰԼ϶˵ϲ϶Ͳϣˣڣȴô˵
Ϊϲ͹£ض
Ҳ֪ﲻԳЦʹǲҲҪһӡ
ȥüͷ
檸ˡ
վסƺһȥŮˡ
ǳȥ巽Ŀ⿴Ѿͷ
巸嵽ѾͷǼæ˳ȥ
׽ôҴһ𣿡

巺µָؽ֨֨죬ŭδĿŰ׽
׽ͻȻ˹ӻ
һ
׽΢΢̧巣оޱѹֵϢ
ǲǺܺһụָָ̂Լؿڡ
׽ȥ⡣
㻰ǣǲǣ
ڣʣ׽ڹΪʲôѡǴɱ巣Ϊ㰮֮֮У޲
˵巴ֶסļ򣬽ۡ
巣ˡ
ûҾǷˣҰǰһ̣Ҿͷˣ׽˭Ҫһֱҵģ˭Һͷؾ뿪ߵġ
׽һ£ЩҶǵˡ
ǵãǵáͻȻЦôû
ôû巽ͷ˰׽ǰɼ䣬˵ʧˣԼˣΪʲô
Ϊʲô׽ͲܼװҲ
׽ᴹ˫֣оȵϢϣںڵͷĦƤסһҲͣЪ
Һڣɱң֤ںңôô꣬϶Ǽҵġ
׽΢΢һ£Լô꣬ȷ巡
ΪԼڼ˰꣬꣬Լһǿа뼫ôڣҲڱ⸱ģ
Ȼ֪ôǾ巣
ϻбʹ飬Ǿǹ¶¶û飬֪ȴܵߡ
¶ǣݹȥ˺󣬻ֻܿԼĿ־塣
˶˵ݶǲݣͲվǶԱ˲ݣôͿܼ⡣
巣Ը㵱һɱңҲùĻš
׽ͷβƭӣ˭˵ҪһֱߵģȻкһͶ˵Ļ
׽ʥּ㣬һӴߣ뿪
׽˫һӣ֪ҵһж೤ʮֻ꣬꣬꣬ԵߵӣҲֻôꡣ


041   ˼

ڱźˣűȲ裬ĿⲻʱƳϹŵѾͷ
ūڱ˿ꡣ
꣬ҲǺܾˡķ±ӣЦɺã
⡭һ£Ҫôش
ū澺ܺá
㵹˵˵ôˡӴԼô᲻֪ƢǸѾͷõˡ
ū澡
ô˵˵ˡ
ū޶ۡߵһͷﲻõǾҲͬõ
ȻˣǾ͸ıһ±˶뷨ñ˲ô޶ۣΣ
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ǲȥ¸󣿡
˸飬ھ⣬Ҳûش
𣿡óһӷŵϡ
أٴó
һ£ЩôصĸǲǾͿԵõˣĸףҲͲôˡ
ǲǡôЩˣֻôһλᡣóһӰڵǰ
ȷȥ¸󡣡
Ƭ촽һ˿ЦݣҴİѱˡ
¸ΧǰŪϵģ
ǡ
˵Ȼȥ¸󣬳£ʲô
ȷȥ¸󣬲ȥ֮ǰ¸ĶѾŪˡ
ϸüѾͷû˵ѵĻô˭ʱ׽ԣĪǻʺ
˻棿
ūǧȷȥ乬ɷųˣûʲô¡
ãȥɡ
л
һܣŵڣ㶼ˣ
ϧѽϧ׽Ų˳Щϧ˵ûʺøһģȻˣô͹ֲˡ
£ڻⲻʺ󡣡
ҲҪ⶯׽ЦֻҪǹҧ
ʺɽۻôͲܺúõЪϢˡ
ûʺٶ
Ůμ΢΢ӣĵͷ
ɡ
л
Ůˣټ׽һ۸ĸоͬаԵĽˣһͷ˿𣬵˾øϸü£һ˫ӣף۵С纬ŵõ壬Ρ
ƽŮǰ˵ĸо׹䷲Ůס
էһ飬˵ĸоģϸо˺ܲýӽﶼʮĸо
һ˶ᾪ̾ô˷һڹط
ôһȣͻȻԼûˣǶӵܰĽĶû뵽պԵࡣ
˵иò绨ĹŮһˡЦ
л佱
¡
⳼Ůôܵ𡣡Ǹ˼Ůˣھ޶˵׽Щɵġ
׽¶һ˿ЦݣûЩŮһȥֺþ֤Ǹӵˣôٺأ
Ǹͬڳ͢Ϊ٣ô᲻չأŵصԳжСķ֮ġ
лŵĲ˹ȥˣԼԹ޳ΪʲôҪԼأ
ԺʱҲڹ߶߶ƽ⹬Ҳûʲôˣùû׼ǻкܶĵġ
ô˵ŮҡЩߵЦСһԵƺܲ˵ǿ˵һ䣬ҲɱǸš
ԼЩĽģжŮһ涼ѣȴһΪĪĶ͡
Сһֱűʲô׽ü
˵Цˣòڿ㣬ڿ⹬ûʲôſ
ЦŮˡ潿ߵЦ
̸ſ⹬˶ͳ죬Ҳڶˡ
˵Ŀǽͳ춫ӡ
Ŀ٣ע⵽۾ͻȻ¶ϲ֮ɫǡ


042   ˵Ҵ

ףͳˡ
΢Щ̲ס̧ͷ
ӳһʮĿӣһɫľװ絶ԶһЦı飬ͦı£ǼƬ촽ڵףһ񣬾ͿС
˵ҴӣӢޱȣʮӻС
˵ҴӣǷµŮġ
˵ǣҴӣΪޱȣԹûŮܽ
޲ʼңʲϻϺôӾѵѡ
ְμ
ɡеģЦ
ͳǵֵˣ
ؾǵġ
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粻õƳһۣǾûʲô£ְ͸ˡ
˵žͺתûʱŻϵ֡
硣׽ֹϸóһöƣ٣Υɡ
ÿϸü֪Ůһûʲô¡
ְҡ
ǱúõĴǡ
ƺǱְķ֮¡
˼˵ⲻǷڵ¡
ְ֪˼
Ҳ֪׽ɴ۾
õƳһ۰׽˵һ仰
ˣ;лҪ˵СںţɲΥ
ǡ
Һһ̾׽ĴϻۣǰŲӡ
ͳ졭
߰ɡ˵ţ漴Ͷǰȥ
Ȼ˱ܲһ뵽ˣͲýӴżʱգ϶ӮĻġ
һ룬ٱÿο࣬׷ȥ
û뵽ϵƶܱ嵽֡Ű׽ȤʹʲôֶΡ
ֶΣ͵𣿰׽ĿһۣҪֱ巽ƣ϶ỳɵģ͵ʹ졣
ˣ˭ĻΨԻϣ˵ǿΪġ
ֻЦЦģҲ⡣
㿴Сһ㶼ѷɫ
׽΢΢̧ͷö϶˪Աߵ٣ֹס
˳ˮ㿪ʼ˵԰ĻС̨ͤ¥С㶼һ·Լļ⡣
ٷѶٴ࣬ǹ¸ߵվȥᡣ
ǻϺͻʺԵѾͷ˹
̧ȥǻӰӦǵŸ߹ĻʺһһҲЩɷ˵ζ
˵أû뵽ϽȥʺˡЩɬתͷֿԵİ׽Թŵౡ飬Щ飬Ҫ̫ˡ
׽촽һ˿޵ĻȣҲ⣬⡣
˵
ȥʺô
Ű׽ֻԼ²͸òı׽ԲںκһŮˡ
ıվ巳ʹٺݣΪΪ˻


043   ͻʺú

檲μϣʺ˵ű˹
΢΢һĿֱɨԵİ׽ѵճߡ
׽ĿŶ沢ˣʲô顣
ϳߣû뵽Ȼ˾úá˴巵ĵദʺЩա
ʵҲûʲô£ģҡʺǳЦ
Ǿȥ˶Ϊ׽ǸôŮӣԽˣʺԽ޲ǰαװ߸˺
ôû㰮ôʵո巺ѾĶһŮӣЩȣԼһĶôվȻôһŮڹй䡣
תһ룬ߵ˶ֲˣȻ˵ģԼȻ˳˼ȥ
ϻ˵пվңյ˺þöûܵȵֻžˡ׽Ӻ峺һգһգĿ巣˿
Ƴ˰׽һۣһĨЦݣ׽ô˵ˡ
޷ɫ磬㰢ȥߡ
лϡ
Ҫˡ
㣬ʺġ
ô᲻׽˼
ˣ߰ɡ˵巾߹Ű׽׼뿪
ϡ翴巣æߵ鷳˵׽峺Цݣ͹Ǳú˼ҹҪ˽ͻȥ
лϡô˵ﲻϲǻ߶һЩݽɫҲڻߡ
ǶͳԼģϾûЩݺݺľԼʹıû׼ܸԼһˡ
ֻоֺϰ˳ѾµڱʹһصĻϣôΪֺһŮԼľأ
εĿߵŮһֱۣǰȥ
ټ뿪Ҳæ˹ȥ
ǵһμ޴ӣЦպֻŰ׽ֻѹͲټǸֵ
ʺ㶵վӰ׽ֱ磬巽ˣȴΨƾʲôƾʲôһ׽ͷҲص˹ȥ
ǻԷĻʺоĹĸֳǳµһȽôΪһͽԼ
ʺ岻ɫƺ̫á߽ʺû˰׽ĺúġ
ֻЩˣ޴󰭡ʺѹĲʹ죬ʱɲþʲô
þͷˣҪΪǼ˻ﲻöˡ
ĻʺǷ̣˭֪;ѹһģɲô뿪Լ
˵ĺǹģ˵Ĳľ
ﻰ¶մǺ֮ǽλøһŮôʺҲӦġ
ÿɷЦΪ¶մӵǻû󹬵κһŮˣר󹬵˾ȫ˰裬ǻʺе¶մ
治֪Ǽٲ֪ջϵӣŮˣñŮĺӣ
ǰͷû׼ܸˣǹˣò˺ԺǻʹɣôĶҲǻϵĳˣԺĸƾӹǡ
һ仰û˵ʺѾȻء
˶ӣ϶ϲ϶ķλĶӱΪ̫ӣôʺ֮λ
ͣô˵ЩеûġʺɫЩѿæЦ˳
飬˳Ȼܰϣķչأ
ߡȻܰϣķչ׽ֹڹԼĺλֱǳ룬鷢Ӳð׽һӡ


044  

׽ں棬ʼŵð׽ЩȻ
ʺ裬ֻΪʺϴԼľҩǴʹˤ¥̨ļ֣̣ôԼͱøӵϡ
⽫巶ԼߣһǻʺǾ֡
ôöƻ˰ɡ
׽ǳǳһЦ漴ҡҡͷ
ԺʱҶߡ
ǵĵ˵ͷ
괺ȥ⣬ȥ档
һ飬׽ֻǾĵ˵ͷ磬Ҳ硣
үҪȥżĸĲӺܿ죬˿ĽŲ߸͸ϣֻó׷ȥ
˵úڼϢűͣһ¾ͼǰȥ
ү
û£Ǹȥһ£׷ȥ
Ѿε̾˿ôһһΪү룬ᣬôүǲϲأ
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ү㡭ڿ沢ĻϺͰ׽ʱͻȻֻоͻȻ壬ɢŭ
ʹֽסӲȭ޲ý˷׷顣
׽ֻоסͻȻһ£޲ڻ
ĲȻ׽ǰȥ߽ˣ绹Сڻʹɢү
μϣ
Լãض񡣡
лվֱӣվҲ˵ɫ԰׵Ŀ¡
Լô᲻飬ʱĸо͸Լһ𣬶ʧԼָо
үɺã׽ͻȻĿͶԼһչЩġ
ͻȻЦǰڹı
ߵӦþҲŶԣǰݼڣΪޣ޵ĵܵܶһͬˡȴһζģ
ݼڣ¶һ˿˲ײЦݣǻԼ˭֪已Ǹ˵ܵİŮӡ
㣬ǽǺþû۾ˡۼ˴ڽ״æǰ߽׽ԡ
۰׽ôѣȴס֣뿪
ͻǶӯӯЦţ˷ֲǸ˻ǹ˵ġ
ǣţҵֶҪˡ׽̧巡
𣿡巵ͳɲΪ׽ʱԵ޹ʵҪԼɿ֣ѵǾﲻʹ죿
ϻǿơ
ҲǶ˭
巵һ仰µƿԣǵģֻж԰׽Żôǿƣֻа׽һӶ֡
ʵ׽֪巿ȥƽޱȣȴǲӿΪѾоǣסԼֻ֣˺顣
ֳһ὾˵ǶĿ飬ĺмŷŭȴװ£֪һ罫׽ڳ鹬


045   ̰

ܺãүĸû뵽Ȼ㣬Щӿù˵ŲЩ˸УƼһֻԶڼĽ㣬ǽˣŷԭ衣
ԼѾǽİ֮˵ҲѹֽԶԼ
ôõӦø϶๵ͨͨˣʹɶƻˣǿԣҲȥá
ͻȻòҰף׽⻰޷ǾڹýԼڹ͢һ˼ȥߡ
ôȥ￴
ûǣһӶð׽׽Ļᡣ
ûֻҪȻ㡣һ㣬ٴμϵ
Ȼ϶ô˵ˣôԺʱ̽̽ƵĿ巡
е鹬巶һ仰Ű׽תȥ
֮λ̫ɼôΨһ˵¾ǽ׽ԼߣжٵĿڲһǶԼĳޣ̡
ֻݲ¡
Ӱǰ󣬰׽֮ദÿһζĴ̼ʱûֹԼⰢΪԼһ˿ҡ
һŵʱȻһ˿ǣ᲻ߡһΪôעһ֪Ρ
ǰ׽ô㾡УҲ뿪
ү߿þעţվûпڡ
£ˡתԾȭû֪жޣ޲òɢ巺Ͱ׽ܣʲôԲںԼƫƫҪŶӸص
ףλӲ巸ߣ֣ÿⶼԼԣԣΪĸٳٲϷԼĸΪ̫ĸһ̫ͷڹ˳Ц
еУֲİԵԵĽԼİŮߡ
һûбµˣɿΣһԵˣôܵһľ
λҪˣߵҲԲø
Ūˡ׽͵˦巵֣ͣﲻϿ
ͻȻӺס˰׽ס֣°͵ļϡ
оϵůٴϮ׽΢΢һ¡
ҵİֻǱĻţĿ£ҹ˵Ĺȣ˲԰Ρ
ܵϢŨŨİΧԼʵԼγָ̰оϧůڳ¹鶼ǵһ̱ˣ磬ô궼ڱѩ֮С
κˣȥڻǿǧ꺮ûܵġ
巶ٺãԼôͬҵˣһŹ


046   ĳı

ʺԼ԰һۡ
ʺϸü΢΢׽ԼԼʲô˵ǻϵӣԼǻʺԼԼѵӦ
Ȥû鷳ˡ
ʲôȤ÷õɨߵСѾͷһֵۣǵĿʺ󣺡ͻȻԼûʲô¡
ΣͲʲôʺ󵭵Ц
׽϶ҪȥģԸʱ⣬ȻԼôô
գ׽ڻʺ԰һԵͤϸֲͣŪԼ㷢ʺ󣿺ߡ
ʺݵŹĽлһȺѾߴӵŻʺ˹һ˫Ű׽֪ʲô
檲μʺ
ū澲μʺ
ɡŰ׽Ѿͷ˳ʺ󵹾Щ֣ͲǺˡ
µһǣ̣Խαװ
֪ұǰʲô£
檡û
ʺ⻰ͷüѵ˼Լĥʱ䡣
ֻɡ
ɣ絽¸ĸʹ죬ˣӲãͲҪﴵˡ
֪ʺ˵⻰ʱǰ˶
ȥ¸󣬲˵¸ºãһͬȥ¸£ʱϽΣ׽Ц
ʺֺݺݵץס˵ӣ⻰ȨôԼ£˵£¸һҹͲ
Ī⻰˼˵¸ˣԼˡ
ߡŮ֡СѾͷ߷߲ƽ˵˳
ʺߵѾͷƺԳ檲ϲǹ𻡶ȣ̫贺񲻶ò죬ôھ͵Լˡ
СѾͷ˵£õȷԡ
һ䲻Ծˣ
СѾͷһȻôõ˼ǡ
ʮ׽һ񶼲ϸǸѾͷȻ
÷Ļˣ춯֡˵ЩʣɱϾԼѾͷãҲŻֻԼѾ֣߳غôԼҲܰա
ôʲô׽ЦݣǶ񣬵ȻӦõѾͷ򣬴񣬶֣
ū֪ˣŹū澡СѾͷһߵĴ֣ʱͽڸղ˵Ļ֪ˡ
ȻѾͷѾ֪ˣֺοΪ
֪ĵҪǲ̵ܽĻֻԽԽҿ﹬Ѿͷƽʱ̫ˣ񣬻Ÿʲô
ޱʺ˵Ļᣬ׽ԸǰصĸСѾͷһ⣬̹ˣ֪ԼޣҲ͸ˡ
ʮСѾͷǴ˵һҷ߷ߵĿʺָ£һ˵˻ȥ
ɲðɡ
öлðҹܽˡ
þͷˣˣϴ¸󣬼ߵĽ÷ʵ˵ãһ÷֪ǷֽֽĹأ
ϴūֱСѾͷϣҪǺޡ
ѾͷִˣʲôǼǺޣñûʹվûмǺޣôΪѾͷıֱŶǺأ
ʺûв´Ҫ𴩵ʱԼ¸£ҲȷԼˣΪһŻôĵȥ֣û뵽·ɱһ


047  ׹

ɫҲˣûǸϽȥЪϢɡȥͻһЩԼ޷Ԥϵ⣬ʺȷҪ뿪⡣
֪⹬жôöˡ
ˣﲻ֣֮ûġ
׽ǱȥǳƯ
ʺҲû⣬ֱߵߣȷˡ
˵̫ͷǻģΪΣ׽ųеͻȻ˵ôһţ༰Ļ
Ļϳ谮γԣ
ΪĻϳ谮˺˵뷨ﲻеһô
ʺͻȻĿŰ׽ȷ׽ĿģѵôҪԼ˺Ƥˡ
Ļ˭أԼһģ¾˵Լ۸Ҳû˻Űɡ
׽ҪΪϳ㣬£Ĳ
ľһ㶫ûʲô˵뷨
׽ͻȻЦ¸ΧĪԼϵģ
ʺһ漴ĵĿŰ׽ô֪
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ׽ǰ㿿ϣѾѾͷһЩ롣
ȻˣҲûʲôģ淢Ҳ㡣ţ׽ǵգЦ
ʺûҪ淢㣬ֻ룬һ֮
ʺͷ͵һŰ׽͸ղŵЩѾͷ׽ǱǣԼϿǵЦݣЩѾͷȴֻܸ֮ܵ΢΢ִ
ͺڣ׽ץסԼԼôѲ
ˣ׽ϰ֮ˣȻԼȲġ
ɿ
ֻȣҲûöб²Լߡ
ſʺһ˦ֻһգԭԼİ׽ʱȴֵҰԵ
÷״æ˹ȥǳܿԼҹӰ
ʺôˤȥˡ÷Ҳæ˹ǻʺȥģǸղǳ˶Уʺһ˦ŵġ
ʺֻǴĿų̾ʧӰٵ֪ԼݺĸɾˣϲܰԼôԼôҪһˡ
һ׽ҪҲãʡñ֡
ԣʺ˸飬һУô϶Լôʧ
ûеӦֻһĨӰವһУǱߵĹŮ̫඼һš
ˣˮˡ
ˣ˾Ȼϡ
ϣʺһģˤڵϣߵĽ÷ʱס
һʼʹˣӦСӦȦ׸
һ֣ԸԼҲҪ⵹ЦǿЦ
׽ֻо̹ǵ壬ǵõָоֻģԼѾϰ˺򣬿֣ԭһֱŹͷˣڹôãʼĻЩԽͻĳˮԳܡ
ë΢΢Ĳһ£׽úԽԽѣȥġ
ģУоһͬĻһůȴĵײ
ʼĵģ˻ı˫
ǻϣһֻ己Ű׽ԾƱһ޼֮ٳٲϽɿ
ϣû°ɡæͷ˹ĺüı˱ɲ
ŻҪ⵹ʺҲôھȻˡ
̫ҽ޴鹬Ķһ仰㱧Ű׽鹬ķȥ
ʺɡʺʱŭģЦ
һıģ
⻰Цʺ̧̫ٳˣ檲Ǹ԰ɢû뵽ȻУǳܹƵأ
ΪҪΪ顣
檵һЩ˽£Ͳûʺﵣˣʲô£͵Żϵ˵ȥɡ
ϣԣɲܲԼһжǰ׽ľ֣һǸӵĻ
죬汾ȥ鹬
˵Ķģ
عǧȷڴûѹˡ
ĻشЦ׽ԶҪʲô飬ʺûҲˣǵʱԼ֮ˡ
ܾԴУ׽û£ǻϿ϶򽫾϶ᷢ䣬ۿ򽫾ϾҪˣðա
׽ʺ֮λҲҪᡣ
ﰲһԼˣԽԽá
ǣ
е˵ϣֻҪð׽ԸһдۣʺǾڻȪ·ϼȥɡ


048   

鹬ڣѾվһԣҴٴξ˴еˡ
λ̫ҽǲΡΡҪ֪ϵǻļϵˣʲô⣬ⳤ鹬ˣǶˡ
ʺȻＫߣʱϣ£ţû׼Լ԰һɣҪˣôԼôԩҲûˡ
ϣˮ̫ʱ䣬Ⱦ˷纮ϳǿЩҩ˶þͻˡ
ֻ⣿巽üͷšɴֿǰһص̫ҽ̫ҽ˵׽ܺõʱͿʼɡ
һڼǸҾ徵ĵطôãôܺõ
ô̫ҽȻô𸴣Լ̫ˣ
ټ͢ض˲
ػϣȷˣĵӣԶݵĵвûн˵ĺء
̫ҽô˵ʺһû뵽ӲȻ˵û¡
ȥɡ
ȸˡ
̫ҽǼæ˳ȥһҲͣ
巴ֳڶͷϣͷþòɢȥ
ϣ̫ҽ˵û£Ҳôġ
̫𣿡һ˿ŭϸϸž
ЩĪֻоȫڷë
檲׻ʲô˼
װɵ޵Ϲˣδ볳Ѱ׽ֲ̾Ϊڽ׽ĸԶ
ѵΪԼЩ֪⹬ʲôùԼȥ԰Լʺ󽫰׽ȥһĻôʺ
˼ö׽ϡ
ʺˣӻϿ϶ѾϤ;ļıþҪΪϾûˣҪΪѣ˵컨׺Ҳûá
檡ָ׽ѽ׽ʲôˣ̫߹˻϶ĸ飬ʺǺҲôΪС¾ͽأ
ȿȡȡ׽ļʱ巴ӷŭлˡ
Ͼ˼ܵߡ
ϡ׽΢΢˫ɫЩ԰ףͦ
ôˣӹ񡣡ʺӯӯЦ
֪ķ֮⣬׽ϸץסǿΪѾù⵵¡
ǳ檲ãϻλ㵣ˡ
ͺãɲҪǼȥġ
ͦĽ÷׽԰׵촽¶һ˿ЦݣŤͷ巵ӡ
û¡ס֣ɨһۻʺ󣺡ʺѾͷʲôʱôˣҪ޽ô𣿡
ͻϷˣ檻ȥúýѵ÷Ѿͷġ
ȥ޵̽ߵѾͷ֪ߵҲ˭ָģˣȥشʮ塣
ϣ÷ֻһŮ
ʮ
֣ʺĻ˻ȥ
̲ˣĴ¸һ¡
㣿ʵĵ˻ʺۣѵֳ飬Ͼֻһ£Լıʲô
ⲻƽԼΪһ仰ᵽ׽Ҫ㱻ةฮգʺô˵Ҳǽȥˣôֻһ¡
ȥ
檸ˡƺһԤ֮Уʺվֱ˳ȥ
׽һ˺Ѿͷ£ԲŹ㡣
ʱˣҲȥɡ
֪ΪԼյĻҲȥֻ洫÷ĲҽĲġ
ʮӾͿԷŹʺˣ巣룡
ϣˣˣ򣬵ȴ
巵ıмֲãôʱЩƥˣʺġ
ǻȥ޲ǡ
Ȼˣһɣ˵ҲˣúϢ
ⲻںңԳЦ
׽ҡҡͷ
㣬úϢ巷׽£˳ȥ
鹬ͻȻͰ׽̱ĿڴϣͷؿڸһŻյܡ
ֳס齣Ұ׶ѵ촽ſɡ
ô˴Ц˳
ΪʲôҪŻʺ󡣡
ˣӲǰŻʺֻһɲҪĳԣԹžౡңһɡ
ԡ
֣οȥ
ꡭ׽һСĲˤ´齣ĻֱӵĸԼǼˡ
ͨ˹е̫ҽ
ô޶ˣҪôӣֻҪӿǽ״ײȥ
׽ÿüƺеˣܺ͹е̫ҽͨڵģ˻ˣ˾ûˡ


049  ΪƣΪ

үܽȥ
ÿһ
ſڵȻһ£Ҫ֪վԼǰǳս޲ʤ޲˵үһϮΪܼ̳лλģֻû뵽䵽˵µϡ
ǻ˭ҲȥүѶԸҲûа취
үû˭ܽȥ
һҪȥأϱҪȥԼĺ磬ôô׷Źʺˡ
ү¡
ڱûмʡһƴļϡ
Сֻоؿھۣһ˺ڣ̲ȥ²
ǵү⼸깦ֳˣ
үοΪЩˡֳֳǰүɲҪŪˣϵּڴˣִҪȥǾΥʥּ
Ц磬˵˭أ
үȷʱҪְԣûв´ϴδһкˣոһС˲СԼ
Ȼšϸü֪ѾϵһУҲͲٱǰֻǾվ鷿⡣
οҪôʦڣѵϲܵĽɣ
ү˵ǳôµĻְȻ㣬ǡһ˿Ŀ⣺Щ֮ͥ£Ͳүˡ
磬õʶΨһʧ뵽ľö巣֮ߣôϻ۵ˣǸԼǻλֵ
ֻϧˣôԼҲݲ
Ȼ׳úͺ󹬲ܻΪһ̸ôͲӦù˼򽫾Źʺ˵أ
Ƿֱжۡ
һжۣҪôжۣȥ
վڴ⣬üĨԾȻֽϡ
е˵ʺ磬Ǳݺ
е˵̫ţһƵĻʺ󶼿ȥˡ
˵󽫾ս׿Խʺʲô飬ԭ¡
ƣս׿ԽЦʺ󲻹Ƕαװǣڴ󳼿򽫾˭֪ǸԼսгõˡ
ôأû㹻֤ݰ⵹ңôʺ͵ʱ¡
û֪˵ĻʺʱޱȵķŭȻģΪİԼ뷨ȻܶԻʺ֣˵Ѿݲ»ʺˡ
ԼʺľʱҲӦ쳣Ȼ֤װ⵹ʺ󲢷һһϦ
СҰèʱ˼ôˣÿ뵽ؿھͺᣬôôģһԵѾͷ񾹻
վĴǰûܱסôڣ޷̶Ըˡ
ں󹬷ΪƣôΪضڳøΪꡣ
ɺˡ
ǽ褣׽Ҳų⣬ͺֻôһˣǶģҪʲô
褻˹Ŵϵİ׽ü֮ĵǡ
檼
ɡ
л
õ𣿡ŵ΢ЦŴϵİ׽
лùģöˡ
һ䱾ǽǽԶˡһεεģŰ׽ˮĴ۾Ƥ۵ĳˮҼ


050   Цص

˵Ķԣˡ׽ЦûǴǵԴŮԴһֱ򽫾һ·ˣͬλس˵ҲԼŮϻʺԴ˲ŻֻͣһǱҶ˺λ
ԴӽҲһֱǸŻʺģôڻԼ
ڹﵹҲ֣Ȼܳ裬ôһֱ㡵ؼǴʲô˼Ҳһ
ҲҪֻϣϾһ̫֮࿼ǵġ
Ȼû˵֪褵˼ǻʱǻ䡣
ˣұҲûйϣӻЩʰˡ
Ǿͺá褻ĵĵ˵ͷ
Ժͺúôڳ鹬Ҫȥ߶ˡüȻôһе˻ûʺԭǸˣļƵˣ˾ǽݺʺⲻЩΪѻˡ
׽Ǹ˼ܵŮӣһ仰˵Լ״Ҳͬʱ˵ԼԼȥˣʺǻʺԼֺ
ñȽõĵȻҶ࣬Ժʱضλ̡
⻰˵õĿˡЦͬ⹬УƽʱӦö߶߶
׽һΪһʮĻˣЦصСˣʮĻ˲£ɺ޵ľЦصСˡ
ǰɵɵЦ΢ˣıƾͿܽ
Ȼںߣޱȣʵȴ˿Щ˶
ôҪȵȿˣԼʲôϷ
ɸոȥ˳鹬
ʺסëʣֽϾ֣ȴ˼˼
褣ǸӣԼôû뵽أ׽ô֪¸ΧԼǰŪϵģԼôû뵽ǸѾͷȻұԼ;ˣôԼϲˡ
ߡԼټŮϣôվȻȥǰ׽ˡ
λأ
֪ôȻرƽûʲô
ûʲôĶʺıʷǰӣʱôûж˸
ǡ
УվĻᣬ𣿡
ūףūȥ졣
ʺ¶һ˿ݵЦݣ׽ȻҪ棬ôͺúõ棬ĿǺģִҪڱԵ㣬ô͹ֲˡ
бҪŭɶ˺еֽοԽŻʺһʺôҪͷȻҪ
˵ʱӦԲӦ䣬ʺǱ߿϶ŹҪǿǶ֮
ЦǱԼ֣õôӣĵŭ˿ûл⣬ʢ
ɱ˵ʺѾǱ볤鹬ˣƱҪʲôͷȥū澱㰲ǵ˹ȥʱԴ
죬ǰ׽ˡ
ģõģûиʮ£Ǻòˡ
˻棿
ѾߴսĶԣ˼䣬촽¶˵Цݡ
ʺ󣬼ȻɱΪβöҩȥЩ޹ؽҪĲ֮ҩҪúһ֮ˣ׽һңұʮΣҪضǣ


001   Բ

򽫾ˣ˵򽫾ȫΪҹ
󽫾Ӣˬǳ֮
ľϣɫͭɫļϣԵúϵʿշ׷ۿ󽫾ʢ˵û󽫾ôϵĹҿˡ
벻мɨһΧ۵İգʱȴȥʹ巣Լôọ̃ȻҲˣȻӦǻؽúϢǻϣ͵Լʲôʱˡ
ţתͷԼʿԼС
󽫾Ǻ⣿
򽫾Ҫؽȥϡ
򽫾ʲôʱ򽫻ʼҷˡ
鹬ڣ̫ҽǼϱңһСľͻϡ
ֻǵˮ˷纮ôǲɫԽԽˡ
̫أǵ˴ʱʢŭ巡
ǣˡǵҽѣʵڲ֪ô¡
ôˣ巵ܵͣȴڶ̫ҽϡ
ϣˡ޶ۣʵǿǺԭ򡣡
޶ۣ޿Ƕۻ軨ˣһϣľƵĶʱѿĸҲڡ
̫ҽǷ׷Ŵ񣬹ڵߵ׳ٳٲ̧ͷ
巿ŴһֱԲѵˣĺͱͿһ㣬ŭôúõһˣȻģ
ֻһʱ䣬ûŪ޾̫ҽԺᣡһǾ쳹鹬
ϣ̫ҽֻ۷飬Ƚŷ̫ҽԺǶˣʵޣһʱǶϲ̽Ĳ򣬻ⲻǽ·ϱ
ĹܵЩѾ죬ǲ֪ΪʲôûԼҪˡ
ʱԼˣ˵ȴͬʮôûټĹֻ͢Լһˡ
˶Ҫλǲ֪λֵܲף󳼽ƣеЩŮ˸
ԽڸߴԽù¶Ϊͬ˵û˸Լů
ǰİͬǸůٵŮǸΨһܲŮӡϡλȴŲŮˣ磬Ψһ׽ԷƸꡣ
ү˵һֱڳ鹬뿪鶼˻ȥ
üأ
Ӱ֪ԼӶ̶ȣֱֲ˵

ûѣ˵̫ҽԺ̫ҽûܲʲôԭ򡣡
һȺ巺һӣϵıȫˤȥ̵Ĳˮڵϻð
үӰһԼүϲɫû뵽ֻҪһ£˶ñ޳
үҿµģµü죬˵岻ܽΪоһ겻񡣡
Ҫ𣿡һֻǺеĸŮ˽жд̣޲ó֮졣
׽ɲϣΪ巶ϣûܽߣ巡
ү˵򽫾ˣƺΪѻϣֱӻ˽
ΪѻѾһˣûϻڲף已Ҷңֻһʵʱһٶ򽫾ʺ
ϴŻʺԼãûǲǻ
巣ԣԭ˼ô࣬룬ӮȻһ߿
ȤһŰ׽ԼŻȻȤλøԼֱӶʹɡ
ȥԼλеĴ󳼣һһġ
ǡ
У˶ʺʲô̱ҡ
ү򽫾
Ĺһ˿ЦݡԼΪ´˼ʤ̣ĿˣϲҪҲ
ס


002  ˼

ϣү
붼û룬ֱѿڶ
ү˵ô¡
ȻĻ̫ţϾԼĴ磬Ҵ˵ûаյĻԼһԡ
ϿΪģԼתνţԡЦݡ
ϣֵЦݣ
ϰȻ巵ĵ˵ͷ
ҵļһǸȵģû뵽Ϊһš
ȣΪʲô巿ƺ׽ĸоΪ磬һܴ͸ĵħ˶已̰Եܽµ֮ǿ
ȴˣ已òϣ罫ĳס
ܿ
ϷģҴСǸ̫ҽģȻҲʶһЩģҿ

ܷȥҽϰ˵
Ȼ仰Ĵ̼巻Ǽæ˳ȥ
˰ΣԹԵĵǰһ裬һڣǺò衣
Ÿ˰ΣתΣ׽ǰǹһ˿ǳǳĻȣأõ֣
ôȻһһȥܾ˵ˡ
׽ۣ㿴Ц绨
үıɱĵĿɨ
Լ⵹ʺҲôԺеǻᡣ
ֱ˴˼ľȣ׽Ϊʲô뾸үԶˣ̫˫۾硣
ȻүѾ֪ˣδҡ
ûд淢㣬˵淢ҲûʲôãҲ̲ʲôô˵𣿡
׽Ķ֪Ϊʲôֻ˼Σȴ쳣
Ȼ˵淢Լô㲻ᡣ
׽Ӧ֪ƭʲô
Σ
׽ûΪʲôϻһֱ㣬ԣͳһŻṴ˵ȥԴˣ˶ϣЩΪϲ֪
أ׽˵ôԼһǴˡ
Ӧ֪ϱͲ࣬ǻ˶ٳӣ˶ӣôΨ㡣
ү㵽˵ʲô׽Ŀ˲ΪȻһȻӽѵԼ
ѵûзмơ
ڸ߱޷ǵ
Цô벻϶˼ɣǵ㻹
Ļһףȫڷô᲻˼ֻԼԸȥʵ巰Լʵ
õҩģ˭ҩȻÿ˯֮⣬һԶҩ
үͲýˣЩ֪
ãô֪ҩҩôǻһԱ֮ǡ
һϧ
ⶾǻʺµģ
׽΢΢һ£漴Ӧʲô˵ͷ
Ǳûв´ʺֻһҩûҪ˼ÿ˯һ㣬ľͲѹģȴһֶôҪֽһֶǴģ
֪ģүҲ
ĪΪʵʺԼԼӵģ
׽һ˲ʧ촽˷ǽҪ˵Ļ˻ȥ


003  벶 ȸں

Ӧú;ү޹ذɡ
ȻˣҲ˵ּ˵ҿ⵹ʺ𣿡
ʺ󣬰׽ڵһ˿漴ֶЦүҪô
á
û뵽Ӧôʹ죬׽һ£үֲ̫Ȼ巵ȴһ
ǰӣܶ˵ģˣȴ󺣣ûܶ
ǵѣԲܺ
ͻȻЦƬ̣
׽֪ĥ˵ķʲô
ű˸ʹ࣬һڻںС
ǾҪİĶ
һʧȥİˣһð
⣬õķ
׽Ժһֱ仰ĻȻף巰ô͵Լʹ֣ʹһӡ
ǣôӦ
һմȨľһȺµүˮݵǣΪ
ô¿㸲ҿ
ʹﵽԼĿģɹıǡ
ЩҪ巻ַʽȥӮʤ
ū澲μ
ôˣ
Ѿټ˳鹬еѾߺڲж顣
𣿡εŵµѾͷ
ڻûģϻʺȥѾͷͻᱻ
أ
ģҪū澰Ѿˡ
ԣֿ촽ЦҪΰ׽ôӵĵʺ㲻Ҫô㿴ʲô벶ȸں
һɨ¹ŵˣսľԡ
˭ʳ
ڴʱ˵ܺԼûйϵôëȻϾʼҾģʲô£һˡ
ػϣū澡һСѾͷΨΨŵŵվ˳
ֻһˣ
һѾͷСѾͷڲһСԼԴ͵ˡ
أ
ū޶ϡ
ū庣ϡ
һѾͷ˳
ǣÿмʳ
ػϣūÿ춼飬ӻϵķԸ֮ǰԳԡ
Ǻúø޽ͽʲô˽Ӹ͵ǰ
⡭ʲô˼Īʳ⣬ԲܣСģǻϳ谮˶Ļġ


004   ¶ʺ

̫ҽ˵溬ʹ˻˯ҩģѵǲ޽һ¡
ϣūĲ֪޶ίĹĲ֪ķôֶġ
ϣūŲ֪ᷢ¡
֪ĶЩһ̲סͽЩ˶նˡ
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ϣūĲ֪
ǿ֪ϲ˸ĹУʲôˡ
ˣվѾͷ¶˼ʽǰ죬ʱڳ鹬ˡ
㣬ʺߵĽ㡣
ϣūǴūڳ˽㣬ʺѾͷ
ʺмɱȻȻȲϽ÷˶ڻʺﵣŴΡ޻Ҷ죬û뵽㾹Ȼ˼ȻˣǾͱ巷ˡ
²ˡ
ʲôôŻŵģûʺ𣿡
СѾͷпĶʺıӰ
ʲô¸߱ʺӣŷ𾭣Ľëȫǡ
˵⼸ջԲжˡ
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ǣ鹬ŷѾͷ˵ж˽㡣
ʺ͵Ĳһ£ͻȻ𼹱
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Ѿѽȥˡ
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װ˭װû뵽ð׽Ѿͷ˿ӣѹϴֻ֪ǽԼôƽԭʱֻ·ʣвڿʼ
ЦǿЦһ׽ȻԼڡ
ô˵ġ
ʲôû˵ֻ˵Ҫϸ򽫾ӷϴϣܳϯ
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׽ϸۣұˡ
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׻˶Լ¡
ػϣⶾɽ⣬ҩļ٣ūʩ룬ͻá̫ҽ֪һˣߣ巷϶ǻὫģһ뿪թĵط


005    սľ칦

ʺѾͷĲţÿһ㷢˽ţԼƲμ칦޹ڲҲãҪԼ׸磬֪ϻʹʲôֶԸ
ʼ벻ףΪγ鹬Ѿͷ㣬һжźˣ˲
檲μʺӯ˹
ӴôߵĽ㡣Цдķζ
ʺ޲ǰȥ⣬Ϊʺȴܸһϯ˶֪ߵĽ㣬ڻǰȥûϢھô˵޷ǾڳЦԼ
ҲˣЩϲϸ칦磬һ
ãߡҲգʺŵϾ͵ͷˣһʱ
򽫾칦磬˹еĴ󳼣մȨģҲһЩĬĬŵģһǻԹ涨ǳ͢ĳӣһ⣬뵽
ҲʵʸλȨص󽫾Ȼľ͵˵ط
͢νǵƻͨϯ
׽棬ڻʺλӾһУ´󳼶΢ʣϻţ򽫾칦ϾȻ§Ůˣǻʺ
תһ룬Ҳǰ촫Ļʺ¶йأڴҲûԡ
׽ͬߣͬʱܵĿ⡣
ߺ޶һݶŵĿ⡣
߰׶Ŀ⡣
ǵǺĿ⡣
巶ʶ§סߵ˶˶˵ĵǣ
˴ĳ棬û̫еԵشҶȻʣǵϵıϾԼĶӣҲ޿κΡ
檲μϡʺһ۱㿴ǰռԼλӵʱΪԼܺûŪĿʱԻȥ
ʺ򽫾û˰ɣҪ޴һ䣬öһ𣿡
ڴҲ಻ס˵ãһǻʺһǽһЦ󷽡
ϴԲӡ巣մǻϺֵͬܣҲûһ𡣡
˻һڴ򽫾ǿ˵ȴ治Ļ˵ڣûаѻϷ
ϡĵͻȻ𣺡ﻹһλӣ㲻Ļ
ʺһĪסԼԸ
㡣巵˵Ȼദ᲻ϧ㣬ǿɾ͹ֲˡ
㣬ЦʺԼߣѾͷһȻɣʲôˣƽʱŰ裬ôʱȻʺʾá
ƺǸʱʺ黹ûвȻôʸʺ
򽫾޵İſ⣿
֪˵ǰλǰε칦磬ɲмһ˵ǳһ˿ЦݣǻϵİţҲ޻˵
֮£ڻǰԳƱģ룬¿ˡ
Ҳ˵ڴ󳼵໥Ѻ󣬽ű赸˵赸ߵ˶ˡ
ʺÿʲôȻζԽôƽԽŵģʲô£ô
ĶͷڳͻȻЦ
˴˶࣬Щȡ
ôûΪڵĻϻᵱ²̨
ʲô˼
ѵ㶼ûлΪʲô㻽
⻰ʺһž׶־ŭһ仰ȴٴεȵס
Ϊܱ㣬Ǹӣ
㣬֤ɽҪˣ


006   ʻʺ

ˣˡ񵭵Ƴʺ󣬶ʱʺֱë
칦綼һˣڲ֪Ǻ⣿ĵЦ
Ī֮ôǰϴһѾͷ
ʲôѾͷ
һȣֻѺһŮ˹
ʺֻ˶ЩѣŵĿžеѾͷ㡣
ʺѾͷӡ󣿡
ȻߵѾͷʺ󵭵˵ϸָȴľһ𣬽ŵĿ⿴롣
ةŮģ뽫ı͵ط˱ϣӾǰɨһӣȻѵʺ󡣡
ϣϳ̿֡ة˼æվ˳˫ϥ˵ϡ
ν̶ӵģüһֱ룺޻ûз򽫾˾٣֪Ǻ⣿
˵·ĿˣĪҪΪŮ˸ַ
Ļб⣬Ѿ˵ʺ¶ˣ񽫽ǰ޷Ǿ뽫ºгôףȨԼУܰѻʺ
򽫾Բӡ׽촽һĨЦݣ㲻ǸôҲǸӣ˵ϺַΥʥѣ㡭Ҫּô
һ죡鶼ûв̸ּ
򽫾Ͳˣսô˵ͺˡ
ʺı飬޲ýʬΣ˰˾ǺԸ
֪Ѿͷһ죬ֻ֪ǻʺȥ鹬ҩģġ͵ͷˡ
ƣʺŭʲôʱȥ鹬
֪Լܣ˺ôϲȻ֤ݣֳ϶ڳĺȡ
ô˼ܵ鹬ȥ¶
ϣʺǰû¶檲֪ǧȷûȥ˺
޽һ巽ĶڹлһĻߺ󣬱˻ʺǰ
⡭ʺ󲻿ŵĿŵϵҩģѾңôܡ
ܣ˭뺦ⶼԵݵģһֱΪľǵһ죬Ҳпһֱ뵱ϻʺ
ƾԶЦҲ̫˰ɡ
㣬㲻ߴжģ
ҡ˶ԼĿ⣬Խþ֣˶ڲ˵һ仰

ǻʺ󡭡Ҷҩȥķеġ
ڴ󳼶ЩȣһĻʺ£֮ǰǻһֱΪмʲôᣬû뵽ǶǱʺıɱˡ
㣬㲻ΪҪݺң
⽫ҩʱҩ棬ū澡ūûѰ
ʺ˶̱˵ϣʲôʱ⽫ˣһǱ˸ˡ
㣬˵ϹＸʱˣ÷߷߲ƽվ˳
ȥû˵ķݣһ˿ɱ
ϣʣԴͶƴӣǱŮǣʺ˺ƣҶô⺦أ
ŮܺģĵĿڿ˵ʺᣬô̳ôһѾͷǹ˺Ǿ˵˺˵𣿡
үΪãƽʱŻϺүϣôһͽһأ
޾ýʱĵӦòսĹ۵㣬¸ôأ
Ĺ۵𣿡
㣡
㣡ŭɶĿ巣Ҫûʺ󣬾Ȼҵô˵²̨ҪǷΪ˰׽ǸŮ˺һһ


007  ֮λ޴

ǻʺûȻˣǻʺˣôճɷﵱͻȻ𱡴Цʺôķϣǻʺ˺£ôҲһĽ¸򽫾˵أ
Բһ⣬ʺ˸飬巵ӣϲô׵ķŹԼһвУкС
һ仰ȴٴԨ
áһŻϻΪԼڶĽǿԾҲǸԼһ̨ף߰£죬Ὣȳ
巼ЦݣĶٴζȥʺǸո¸ѳģɻûʲô˵ġ
֮λ޴ǡʺЦݺԼֻҪϣϾûа취
һ֮ָ֤֤㣬ʺѵԩ
ǲԩ
ôЦݣʱҲò
ּȥʺʧ£Ľ¸󣬲˽Գ롣
ϣǳΪβɱԼ
˶׷ɻ󣬲֪ʺ⣬˴£飬ҵҵĽǺõˣû׼պϻôʺԸһҲͬ⡣
ֻʺ֪һʥּо̣һַԼ¸
ʺϣˣҲΪˣȥ
磬ȾңĲ뱻¸󡣡һȵʺʱøţеץסþݣǼ֮ǰԼ˱͸߰Դ󣬱ΪҰôĽҲܽȳ
һ˿Цݣ㶨һô׽Ҳ㸶۵ʱˡ
ڻʺ󱻴ص¸֮Ҹǲڣǵϣ󽫾һСľͿͷء
ģֻվ˳檴С裬гΪҴһ

ǻϡЦþЩΣոڻʺϣܸоǰ֪ʲôͲУĪͰ׽ĵ
ϣܵɡ⻰˼ȷ衣
һ֮һһǣҲеϣһſɨȥʺոµ
ǽȻܾܾô檾͸úһ
׽Ҳûֹ۴лףߵһôˣ֣ǲ²͸һоͺǰ˼ƻ
֪뵯ʲô
ֻҪģұܵ
˻档
һԾŶ˵ٻȡ
䣬ѾͷͶ˹Ҳ뿴˭ʤһ


008  

һѾӹãǹһ˿Цݣ׽Ϊ㶷ùЦ
ôòңѸٵõơ
ϾûҰ׽顣
ߡỹôš
˵䣬ֻϸңĵ˵Ķϡ
ҲĿ󹬵һȺԴ׵ŮˣƺȤû׼ŪʲôҪ巸ճ
׽ʼ趯ʱ죬ʱһֻĺ
˾̾û뵽˵ˣһ٣һԾ裬˿
Ȼ˵ʲôҾܵʲô
Ȼ֪ضб뷨ôҲԸ
ȡ˵ģǰ׽𽥱ӣڹз裬һˣսɱ˸˾ĶǵĸоһԵָҲÿͼϰ׽Ĳӡ
ģڴ󳼵Ŀ׷ױȥһŮӣȻָоʵ֮
˶˵ݰףһʮȻĵʵȻǾ벻ĵŮӣҲôվ赸
ɨһĸλ󳼣ĪĻĵð޲ýİֻԼˡЩһĽܲˬ
ֻоֱѾʹ׽貽֮죬ЩϣֻӲͷƤתָ
ģŰ׽赸Խó۸ӵ赸ףϰ׽ղ˵ĺ׳վǶ
վֻоָһգҲҡ
׽Ǽ趯ţ˷Ѿڸ٣ֱһϣɴûлع
ã檿ҶˣȷǼЦƣǲǽаʯͷԼĽš
ڿ׽һ̣Цݱ㽩ϡ
ԭⲢڱԣǴ̼ڶҩķ
֮ǰʺѪ漴˱㵹ȥ
巵һʱ˹ȥڰ׽䵽ϵһ̽ס
޴̫ҽ
Ȼգϻ¶˾ΥЦݣ׽ͻʺչҪȥһģҪôǻʺҪôǰ׽ضɨһϰ
ΣӶǵǵĿ⣬ĺݺݾһţϷҪʼˡ


009   ɱ

ػϣ˾綾ֶ޺ǺǰеĶ֮ǡ
˼˵ϴεĶûг׽
ǡܵ巵ĵѹ̫ҽĴ
̫ҽ
ػϣ̫ҽˡ
ֻؿһŭǺεȵĲͶҽȻôһ̫ҽ
ˣⲻǱ
һ£֪˵
˵
ڼˣ״վ£Ϊ˼ǣûǰˮ˶¡
ʲô巾ѹסԼŭ𣬶϶
ϡ̫ҽһѹϳƴȫҲֻܱꡣ
һֻоǰһƬڣ⡭ôأ
ʲôֻֻܱ꣬оһžԼԺ
ȴðգûһ̣о˿־塣
ΪӵΪԸһһӣи˸꣬ǸһʲôЦ
巾죬ð׽Ͷϲ
žգԼգϵЦʼ޷ʧ׽һʺһ̨ôҲˡ
ÿ
Ѿͷ𡣡
ϼݵһߺȣæӭ˳ȥһ̬
檲μϡ
ض񣬰ɡ
ƺˣ˵׽ǸѾͷɲʲôٳ˶೤ʱ䣬Ͼֵˡ
ϣ檶ˡߵĹȥס巵ֱۣҲûпܣ
ܸоЩԾ˵Щ巺Լô׽ʹˡ
ȥһӣѾͷʶȤ˳ȥ
ϣÿɺЩˣ
Ŀ
˵úͳ檲ͣǱϾǶ޸ĸĿˣȻҪһЩ
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檵Ȼˡʱð˻Լôصҩôܻ
˼Ȼû£ǲǸ÷˻ʺ󣬱ϾҲġ
治˵ĻڻǰǲˣһϾɱôĹʺ
׽Ѿˣϲٷ˻ʺ
ϣҲŽ㲻ǹģϾ˺ãϳ͵ĻԺôڡ
˵ҲеޱϾҪ򽫾һ档
ϣǾôԿӵɫأȻʺ˷ǾӦôòô
ˣʺڱ¸ּ˷εҲͲ׷ˡ
ϣżѵ˵ôĻٳɵһжҪ׷
Բͬѡ
ǻϽʺųôԺ󶼲ԻʺˣǽҸɣ᲻ʹ˳檡
ģô׵Ĵأ㿴
ֻ巴óһƣҫ£ԵøΪҫۡ
ǡ
޴͸һƣǰԺʲôѣԱһ
лϡӹƣֻķΪˡ
һԵ巣ĵĿﹴһĨݵĿ⣬ʺ󣬼ȻҺô޾㿴ʲôʹ
Ϊ޲Ҷ㶯֣ãô޾͸һҶֵģֻ㲻ܻ졣


010  һں

ȻѾǺβ
Ļ巵˼Ĺʺô˵ôǰ׷
ӳȥʺһ˿ɱԺӿ
Ȼ֣ɱʺ󣬻ϻԭİɡ
ȥ׼óԵĶҪȥ¸һʺ
ǡ
ϸֽסĽƣԲʺлĻᣬ巣Ҳܷ
뻹Ǵ󽫾ͲŴãҶԱΣϣȥ¸󡣡
Ű׽֣Ҳȣֽ֮еģֵͬǵӣֲ˺ʺô֪Ĳ˶
룬ܾͰ̫߰Ȼö˲ö˼Ǿͱˡ
ĸŰ׽۵ǹһĨЦݣ˺ˣ˭þʲôŹǡ
ʺЩ¸ڣôȥ巽ܾһЩ֡
ʼ벻Ϊʲôع⣬ΪʲôᱳԼ
ѵ˵Լͥһһ˸ģ˭Ȼôء
յ¸󣬳Լ֮⾹ˡǰǶôʢɢ
ɺãδˣǿЦƫеʺĶ
¸󶼲ͨһ𣿡ʺ
Цʺ˵Цɣ¸㣬ģΪûɱǶ⣿Ц
˭ĵӣȻš
ʺ֪һ𣿽뵽ʺһ˴¸ص㣬ⲻԵķˡ
䣬ָ˽ʳķ˶漴һ֣ȥ
ʲôʺһɨķˣ֪ʲô˼
㣬һкʺ£һﵹƣ¸ˡ
ʺﲻǰ֪ʱ϶ûʲô£һҪš
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øϿ뿪ֻǽ㣬ϲûּңҲı
ô治ɫվֱǰͣζҡűеľƣһںЩ
ʺ͵һ𣬸о˶Ӳ˷֣ǵģôںЩţ빬ôˣں巵ּ⡣
ˣǧһ
ǼȻ㣬治ûģܺ͸Կģֻж磬Իһöǰӣô׽
ǻģð׽һҪԼ


011   ¶

ɡ̼䣬Ѿס˻ʺ򦣬ľƹ
ʺݽҧסӵıԵɴͫ׿
žʺһƻȥӱˤϣеľһء
ʺ㲻ҪƲԳԷƣݺݵץסֱۣѵĻᡣ
ôĵӡ
ЦΪôᱩ¶ö˱ܲ㱻ڹ
ʲôʺֻоԴҪըѣŵĿѹô˵˽㣿
α˵ôأҵˡ
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ܣͽ÷ǱѾͷڽһֱչңһŮıʶ
ûб£㲻֪𣿡ϵľƺʹ죬㲻ʶ̧٣Ǿ͹ֲˡ
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Ѫ˳ǲ磬˾֣ʺǷŭ
û뵽ԼȻԵ
˭巵Ļʺ󣬳µĹĸСı
˿еͺǺ𾴵Ļʺ
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ôǲǾøγϣĺһŻգҿΪ˺˺صҩ
ѵ¡Ҹ硭ɱ㡣
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ڹŰ裬һ̣Ī׽ı顣
Ϊ裬ôŹ׽
ܶԽԼס֤ԲǱϿֻṴ˵ĺӡ
ֱԲ򵥣ǣѾܲôˡ
ٻһվǶǽڡ
ĿԼĽһ׮ˣȤ
ѽʺˣˡʺӣŴĺܵһԵǵĿʺ
Ҫ֪ı˻ʺҲԼô


012   ʡ͵ĵ

ˣ²ˡ
˻ţ벻õĿǰ
ʺްˣ
˵ʲôȥһѳ죬ԼĻôңôɱá
ﴫϢŷȥʺ˵ı˭֪ȻԼ
ƣһӣڵϣɱģȻô˵ԡ
ıʲôʱıġ

ǡ
޲ھȥʬΣ֪û巵ĳʮӣҲҺԼá
巣ڱı
檣Ĳǹģ뺦ңһСľ͡ͳģˡһĹȥǿƣʱȴ޵滨꣬һεεģ˭̲סȥ
ʺôẦ㣿̫Ҫӵһƻȥʺˣ˵컨׹Σ
̫ôųأ̧ۣʺȻ³أķҩ֤ҲʲôˣҴʲô˼Ҳǿܵġ
̫ʲôЦһ㣬Цʲôˣ֪ģƾѾͷ֤ʣҪûʺǿЦ
ȥʺôˣ
㵥ദ𣿡
㡭
̫αôһӣҪôġ
̫ͻȻйһ˿죬ֻӦԼ˵ģôڵѾͷ
ǿԣȫҵĺ顣
ûв´̫ôò뷨ѵв㣿
̫һвҡ
ȻУүǾпˡ
ܵ˼̫Ȼһ͢ʡ͵ĵơ
˵ҲԣȻʺôӣӦûˡ
΢ͷһĽɫ޷ǾῼǸ׽ŮƲס
߾ǾһֱǸһģҲֻһˣڹ޿ǺǽԼٺô
Ȼô˵ҲĨǡôӦ򽫾
¶һ˿мЦݣҴδ
ȥɱʺ󣬾㲻ԼΪ˶Ը룬ҲһкС
ǻʺҲԸ뺦㣬û뵽Ȼĵ
׽ڴϣĹһ˿Цݣֽ֮С
ȿȣȣ
㿴塣õ˵úϢҲ
׽԰׵ǿһ˿ЦݣϢϢã
ʺ󣬾Ȼҩı㣬Ͳģǡ
ͬھĵǣ׽ֻǵЦЦʺıôԵϡ
Щ飬߾ԼѾܵĹˣǴŴžͰԼĸ˳ȥ
Լ㲻鷳
ΪʲôԭҪԸȴתԸʺԼһֱΪʺѶԸȴ֪ĿɽʼǸӡ
ԼСˣܰ˻ԼĹ򵥡
Ҫôܵļƻгʲô


013   Ը

ݣݣޣеļȥʹ·ϣҪȥúֽһ£Ϊʲôһ˹ؽ㣬һȻûˡ
һѲ˸ϵȻΪһŮ˸ҷҲͱˡ
ͳ죬򽫾ˡ
סһӣǽΧһһĽȫףȫƺȺ˶ʱ
Ԧͣ
Ͽÿ
ڽЩµˣȴɾű֪ô졣
ϲû򽫾£ذɡ罫Ƴһ۶ǰ롣
ǹӣҶһǰš
磬øÿ򱾽̤ƽǽ
ôĿҪû¡һԾվǰҪˣ˽Դ빬͢ǾǶԻϴ󲻾Աְά͢ѡ
˼ȷά͢򣬾һСĴ룬ҲӦõġ
벻мĿ˶һۣԱԣһ̵ֱĶ羿кα¡
Ծ򶫷Ϯ
һתĶϮԷɿٶ빥˹ȥ
⡭򸮵ĽʿʱıǽһͶ硣
ǵĽʵ̫죬գ֮͵˹ſڣڣ·磬ǳ۳ɳ򽫾ôܴ·磿
û뵽ͳ컹һЩµġ
л佱ٴϮ˹ȥ
ĿģסȥʹҲҪϵǰҪشҲսϵĻᡣ
ۿŶһƻ룬ǰסû°ɡ
ſȻһ磬Ľٴ򶫷˹ȥ
ǶﻹĻᣬֱһĳ󣬷һ
Ϻ󣬶Ѳֱһߣ㽫ˤ˵ϡ
˹ͷѵȻҶԼôݵ֣
򽫾ʵڶԲסԺְȻǱְҲѽȥǿٻȥ˰ɡ˵š
ǻȥ巸ɣǿһʹ޷վһ˰
߰ɡ
һǿԺվûܼãˣĳף巣㹻ݣȻݣ
ּ֮ڲ׼֣֮ΪʺͻȻһԵĻϾ֮ڲŮӡ
ǸŮһǰ̬ȣôǽӸôʹҲǣһлʲôأ
ϺʱԻʺĸôˣѵԺŷԼ
졣յڴǰһʥּѾ˹͢һʥּѾ򸮡
ʱ飬ٲȻǺõġ
Ϣͺˡ׽ΪѵĿںڵҩˮֻоθڷڡ
׽첻£ز£ôẦºҩأ
ϢϢã
ⲻԼԾ˵Ļ
׽ϵҡҡͷûʲôҩⲻԼ
ҪԹԺҩҿɲܱ֤ʲô취ҩ巶Ц
Цð׽﷢飬ҪҵᣬһҪ̫ҽˣǸ
ҩ꣬մȥ¸󿴿ʲôϲģǶϲʲôǵİϣ
׽Ȼ˼ʺû죬ӻڸʺоԼȴĵ
ֳ˵ĹС


014  ΪҪݺҼ

ʥּһȣʥּ˽
򽫾ʥּ¹򣿡
ڴϣӻûãҲ⣬ҪǱ˳ʱȥһɱˡ
ˣʵԻ˽ΥʵΪʺͿ๦ߣ㲻Դ򽫾ˣܲӣʽ򽫾µоչ鳯͢մˡ
Ϳ๦ߣ˶˻̸Ϳ๦ߣⲻֱӶԼıȨ
巣㹻ݣȻʱڶȥԼıȨЦЦ
޺ĿЦϷԸˣúˣյҲͲƽˡ
ֽץס޲˺飬ģ巵ĵľȨãˡ
巣ǱҲŹǡ
巣㲻һҲһӣ
ʺߣ¸ȷûôúƳһڡ
׽棬Ц˳ҲѹǣŻʺǺܺãôġ
Ҳģü
׽ֻЦЦǰĻҲлˣ¸һƬˡ
ùĶҰ׽ϡ¸ٺãҲûд
ˣҵΪҳ鹬ڣȥɡ
áҲǿȥס׽֡
׽巺Ͱ׽תһ̣ŮͻȻ
޵Ĵǡ
÷ô㻹׽ת
Ҳû뵽ɡ

ҽձȡĹġ

мһ˵Цݣ÷ͻȻŭˣŮ˾ȻԳֹߣԼС󣬱˹͡
已õüû£ͲҪڡ
÷ͻȻЦһϣҳŮҼһʺΪģҼҽΪҰǰô˵
޿ûǣҲ֪ǻʺԼ޵İûйϵ
Цǰ׽˻ʺ
Խ÷ŭ׽ֻǵЦҪڿ˵ұ˻ʺû֤ݲҪٴεȮͣˣͲﳪϷˡ
׽÷Ҫ뿪˶˹ȥܽ˰׽ȥ巾һƽ˺ԶҲϿ˽ѸٽΧ÷֪ԼҲˣŹΪûʺ󻹻֮ϵĻʺ󣬶˻ʺ
巣һӢȻôһŮϣҼδ³أҲû¶һжԵݡ
Σ
ʲôԼ˵ô࣬ȻһΣ巵ȷǱǡ
ҽҲûдųȥ÷ϱͳһذף巺Ͱ׽ȥ
ݡһȡ֮ĳĴ̽塣
ʺѪų÷ûп־壬ԹĿŰ׽
ԹԶǣ·Լ˶ˡ
죬ԼкýŻߡ
׽ΪҪݺҼķ˯ҩûСû¶ҩ㱰ɣȻԼԼҩݺҾҲŹ㡣
÷ղɵȥǰ׽Լе˲ϴĲ
Ըʺ󣬵Բַʽ˺ԼķʽԸ


015   ϶

ˣȽȥɡں浣ǵ˵ţͻȻôˣúõĸŻȥ¸ô֮⸱ģ
ѾվһˣҲ鹬ò֮䷢ʲôɡ
ûжֻ
߰ɡ׽˵š
ͨ÷飬巿϶Ѿټĳ鹬ʱˡ
ҲգҲˣûȥк巡
ͳ죬û뵽ôˡСţεӻĶŶ硣
ҪǸԼһοͺˡ
ûе飬ֻӦš
ܽ㶫𣿡
ΪС㻹ûϤǸ̶ȡ
ҡٻǽԼ˶ˡ
һ̫㣬ĺõ롣
Сǽˣ߰һȣֻѾߵĴӵ¸߰˹
ͣ漴мƳһ٣ôһ۵ŮˣҸ
˵Щ˼ҵŮһֱŶһ֪ٵƤж񣬺ߣˣš
ְμ
Ůμ
ٿȥҲɣ񣬵΢Цš
ɡЦһ漴㿴Ŷ磺ôʱ䶼ңΪ
˵Цˣְ
硣м˿ãͱþˣֻ׽׽
Ҳ׽ķȥ
Ķ˶ţǸôӲԣô
ЦңЦһ㲻õĿ
عŮҡ
ң㶯Ӷˣʲôҵġ
ٴʱȴЦˣǻ¡
һӵŮСŭ˱Բ˶ߡ
һվûзĻףԼĶ֣ǹԼȷ˵ֻһӵŮ
̣ȻôôһҪ˭ܹõ硣
ܽȥ
ÿһȣſڵѾͷ˳ȥֱߵ˳鹬ڡ
ū澡
׽һ֣ĻѾǸָ˳ȥ
Ǻ¡֮дЩ̣׽Ȼ˼Ʒ衣
ôҲû뵽׽ƭԼͲǻʺµĶҲûԼʺﶷˣԼô
ôпⳤ鹬ˡ׽һڱĲ裺ܲҺȲİɡ
ߡͷԼµĶ
˵ǣ𣿡
Щɣ׽촽ЦԲǲµĶν𣿡
׽ƵģͻȻŭô޻ʺ󣬺޲
ÿɱˣ㡭㽫ǰġ
ΪʲôҪôΪ׽һֱƭң侲ѹ׽㲻Ϊ˱ôǰˣҪߵŮһȥ
ȻЩŮҲԼ
׽ס豭ͻȻͣһ£ֱ㽫豭ϣĵĿž˰ΣŹĺ촽ٴЦ
ô꣬˰ʲô磬Ѿû˰ôᰮ巡


016  ˼ǸµĶ

׽˹ͣߣһ㣿
ѵ𣿡Цҵһֱֻҡ
׽⻰ͻȻЦЦ
ãõ˼˵ĴˣõһμĴңĿۡ
Ļһ̽˾УѵʲôʱȻѾͷˣŷ֣ûģۡ
Ҫ£ҴδҪ飬Ҳ֡
һҪ֣ɱң׽ĳ
ҾȰء
׽һڵģߺ޵ĿһۣȥǷ˲Ż׽ôһûûεѾͷô࣬һ֪ôѾͷ
׽ץסαϣϵʹĴ̹ǣ׾Ķͷð˶ĺ飬һӣϵĶȫɨأŭʹĸоӿͷ
˭˵׽ûĵģǰҲᰮڣֻʣºˣǾǺޣҲʹ
£ƾʲôһҪ
ûôԲУԼȥ⵹ʺ已ЦǿЦ
Ǿûв´˺Ժض׵ı巺
ⲻԼĿ𣿿û£սŸոտʼ
ū澲μ
ɡ
лСѾͷæս׽ҼԼϼСۡ
ȥһ׼ʱġ
ǣū澸ˡ
׽ǺεȵľСѾͷĿֻһ±֪ܿԼʲô£ҲãҪʲôòҪʧ
үļϣѾڴվһʱ֪ٳʲô֪˼ҵˣûܹ϶Կô巿ν˵ĻλԼҷĿǰûܰ
ڵĽɣһֱȥ˵ܺͻϰͷˣԼôϣģǶ˵׽ڹһ죬˵ޱȵļ尾
˼һµĶ˽꣬ȴǻʺһʥּ˽꣬˺ȴӶ
ͬ㣬Ҳ޹㣬Ϊʲôô˷ǰϧ֪㱳Ķ̫࣬Ų£ܷ£ĸĸʺ鶼ڳ񣬶ϡ
Զǵ鶼ǵĲ״ʬһƬѪɺӣͬԼĸֻһӣԼСܾ˹İۣǽ㣬ǻʺճΨһ
길ʷΪɹʱǺεȵҫе˶׵ĽģڣֻһҪûлϣָʲô
̫ҽ˵ʲʺǵڴʱڽǿİ书ȴӡ
㡭㣬Լվǵġ


017   ˼

׽һϼ㷢ͱ𴦲ͬһЩӵסǺƧģϼȴƫƧҵ
ԵһȻ˲СĹ
׽æӭȥúõȡ
׽Ƴһۣϲ˺֬ЦһΡ
ǺԼ棬õŴô¡أ
㣬ý컹ԼõģӲãֻˡȻŰ׽˹
һӵĲˣҲһƶԼˣǼƻȫ
㣬þһ
˵ӲãܺȾƵġ÷ɹܲôֱ࣬ӿ
йһ˲Ĳã漴Цû£ٺµġ
Ȼöô˵ˣôҲþܾ׽Ʊһ±һҾãȼͻʱÿҪҡ
ǵȻ׽ô˵ˣмһֱڲͣĹŰ׽ơ
׽ƺҲ߲ܣÿζеľƺȸ⣬ǵһϲ
Լûôȣ˶˵һǾҲˡ
ãĲٺˡ
㡣˷۵С죺ϼϢ㿴Σ
ûȰ׽Ӧ˵˼ƣ׽ȥֱð׽ˣŷŹ
¿ˣ
׽Ϸ˺Σĥɫס
ҪĲ
ĵģû뵽ôƽˡʱеЩϧ
ǻȥɡ÷̲סˣһҪȥ϶ʲô˼뽫
ǰɫˣǸˡҲš
СѾͷ漱˵˽ϼġ
ϼʵǲףҪǴȥ
㲻˵Ҳ˵˭֪ǴģۿŰ׽ʱûдˣֻ˼Ѿͷ˵ǻɾ衣
÷Ϊѵӣǰ׽ȴҡҡͷĺȶˣȻʢ飬ǡ
ãѾʰ᷿͵Ƚˡ
׽һ˿ЦݣڼûѡãĪ֪Լı㽫Ӷʰˡ
񣬷
ǡȻЩ죬ǿٵĽ׽
ö·
ǡСѾͷΪѸ٣ž˳ȥ
ǽˡ׽ڴĲ¸˹ȥ
ū澶ܿʲôģô÷ǰСֹš
׽ֻЦЦûлشԼϲǹײʵЩͲܶ٣λ´ΣֻнεΣգܸõȥ
Ű׽ԶЦݣߡһӣûͷԣɵɵ
үûУ
үϾͿ쵽ˡ
áЦôĹ׽ΪãòȡΣշתΪľһٻܰ׽
ǻأ
ūѾȥ֪ͨˡ
ϢЦʢˣҪײǵļôҾͲ׽ܹһ졣


018   ŭ

׽ѾͷĲţѾͷöĲӺܿ죬˲ǰţǽŲѾҪӡ
òϣϼǺܴģ߹հ˹˺ܶ࣬׽òײſһȣҪȥν᷿ȴ߹˳ȻҪߡ
⡭˸ۣôϼôƫƧĵط֮УһСľݽĲôۣǲϸﻹһľݡ
ˣҼ˵ϲڷĹϲʹôһط
׽ɱֵЩ⣬΢΢ĵ˵ͷתѾͷ˵ˣϢϢǾͺһ߰ɡ

˯һµģ
˵ǻǸ߰ɡ
÷һۣĸö˳ȥ챣ﲻҪ¡
׽бӣŲЩǰţĹź˱
ȡ֮һžһۣҲõľ¡
˼Լ֪ģϧû£Ϸںͷ
ŵ׽ĵ˴ϣ˫ڵӡ
ƿţ֪׽ͻȻԼԼʲô
Լߣʲô£Щö֪
һ뵽ܼ׽ľĪļ¶
ǰ˼ſǻӰĵڴϣǺ˵ģϷ˼ΣͬǰںֻӰɫȥôޡ
ѹֹе˶ϲһֱΪȻġ

׽һ޲˷ûӦ
Σǹһ˿Цݡ
ǻ֣Լġ
ԣ巣ôҲֻţȥ
оϴ׽΢΢˶ӣ漴ӡ
ߡүô
Լģ
׽ĿڴţҿûԼүǲ֪˭ĵ
ʲô˼
ҿɲԼֲϵˣ𣿡׽Ų´
һ£Ĵֶסһѽ׽ڴû˵ףߡ
ô˵ף㿴
ͻȻʶʲô㿴һ±߿ˡ
ôĽͻˣӣҲͻĴһ
̧㿴һվ紵ӣԶܸоɱ
òϣһͰ׽һϲĺװŮ˻ƤϣǻŭƬ촽Щ΢΢Ĳ˫ڵӣǷڰ׽ϵ֣ģ޲ýȥ
ԵǵĿһĻ׽վԵˣһΣô͡
ĥƤӣҲ㡣


019   ʧ

ⲻ˽ˣ˵˿ܻ䣬Ҫ˶֪׽һӳǽŮˡ
ǻĵʱ򡣡׽ЦȻĿġ
׽㵹Ǹ޺úýͽ߽ͣ˷ŭ֮⣬ġ
㾡ȥŮˣȴڱߡ
巶ָؽ֨֨죬ĺ⣬ֱư׽
ûʲôý͵ġ
׽һѳȥûкý͵ģ
ôһ£ʱȥ磬Ҳã׽ġ
뿴巷ŭʹģôõˣĻǲһʹôӦû۰ɡ
ϣϲҪŪ˽㡣æ˽ŵĹ˵ϣĵģۡ
ϣǳ檲ã檲㣬Żү
ãǵЦӣү˽Ҳһˣղڱǻǻֶ۵¡
˵ҼүûС÷߷߲ƽ֪ûģŻƴ
ûУǿʲô
һ仰ð׽ѾͷʱʧɫŴＷһ仰ɡᡣ
˵Ķԣող˵ԼˣҪúϢôүᵽ
޻ûˡ巼еס˰׽˫ۡ
Ҷ߹ˣʤû뵽ùҡ
㣬ʲô˼ίĿûдĹ㡣
˵˵үôģɲҪˣϼҳ鹬ôһ˽㲻֪ܲɡ
ϸüǸƶ˵Ѿͷϱˮûš
㡣ͻȻ
û˸㣬ĳǻװһӣ޿㡣巷ſ׽ǰ
ϡô˵һ˿ϲѵϵ˼ǡ
Ϊˣ巴ǯס򦣬ĵĿ̽塣
ʲô͸˵һ֣˾ˤ˵ϡ
һܸоķŭˣѾ޲ý˰ɡ
ϣ෬ҽطʼΪҪʲô£û뵽һգȻү˽ᣬǡǾʹջӣǽȴвң˵Ҳ͡ʹҵļˣǱƵġ
˼үط᣿
ǡ
ãȻô˵֤
ҲţĻʲô֤
˵ʵ
ʲô已Ķ䣬ĺݺݵıһһľͷ
һԵɻĿǵһκͰ׽棬ǱݺģôܶĻᡣ
Ҫ֪ŭ˻ϣûġ
һ֪ү˽ͨʲô
׽촽һ˿Цݣ漴ҡҡͷ
㱾Ӧʮ̣Ǳ͸͵ش
֮У׽Ӧţ漴ǰ˼ӸŹڵϵ˵ҶκүĻ᣿
ǡ
ϼ

á
üȻ֪׽«ʲôҩѵΪϻŹΣ
ϣҪΪ׽һĸղŵȻģίܵߡ
⡭ѾͷһĻǱɵˣͨһ
Ϊ׽޻ûô塣ŤͷȥȻǲȡ
˵檺ĻΣ֮ͨΪΡ׽Ŀĵɨһ۵Ϲŵ
Ϊһ֮أ
ĻʱһôܣԴ巾ҹҹ޳鹬ôܻ֮
ƽסԼָԼҲ֮ϣǰ׽ôܻ֮أ
ǲԣһǲԣģԲġ


020   

÷ˣôƲԸҡ
⡭ⲻܡŵĿŰ׽
ţһ¡
òˡ޲ʵڶΣ˭ָʹģ
һѺǧû㵽׽ȻǴ֮ӦòҰԼģһҡ
Ҳ׽ոյĻˣʱãܻʲôԭ巣Ҳܶߡ
ûûָʹҡ
ո˵ļв㣿
׽˼ȷļвݺԼ
ʵˣϸ룬׽֪û˻ôĥԼ
ϣûָʹ檡޵滨ǰȥס巵·檲ǿƽʱ̫ţѺ⺦ʺ󣬳ֻһѵѣû뷨
ѵңЩĽž۵ף׽һ˿Цݣҵûôʱġ
滹ǻɵƲмƳ˰׽һۣ˵кϷŻϹġ
ǻʧˣϷûɡ
㣬ҰɣĲģ㡣已Ϊܵ׽ǰһˡ
Ȼ˵Ű裬ô㡣
˶׽˼ȷҪԼҪԼϢľͣ
һ˿ߺ޵ĹâͷϵӾת˰׽󣬱ӵϸ
޸룬ſ
ϣעô
ֻһˣȻŮЮ˰
ЩҵģɲҪҡͬһֻʨӣ۾Ű׽ֲԾļ
ʶȤĻ÷ſȻ߲šм˿ǡ
ϣˣүôôʲô¶ûС
ٷϻҪʲô
㻹šŭΪʲôΪʲôҪʱ׽˵ĵȻš
ѵΪ巻ȵԼҪһҪͱסһͬ飬Ǿǰ׽
㵨죬ݺүȣȻЮһ˵һǰߣĲӿ£ʵȴǴ£ֻл书˲ܶ֡
Ȼ򵥡
׽巵йһ˲ľȣ֪Ҳǵһ֪书ҹһ㣬صĺ
Ĳӣȴ뽫Ǽײ׽ϸ
Ҫ㲻ҪļƣͻȻЩ֣̿Ű׽ͣˡ
죬ҾҪϺúýѵѾͷһ˹ȴ
׼ʱķƵЦʢˣɱ˰׽ʱΡ
Ҹˣ㲻ϧ׽һһȱ㽫̵˵ϡ
ˣȥ͵ش֪ʱԲˣֻǸȥ
ˣˡЦˣһͿء
ܾˡЦŰ׽ҲǣԺͲҪүˣʡٱֳ⵵¡
Ļ˵ڰο׽֮ȴʼմʹ巡
֮ΣĻᣬǲʵ巣һȴǸ
ߡһİ׽ȥ
ҲˣȻȥϢˡһЦŤӸ˳ȥ
ҡֹǻĻȴ֪Ӻ˵
¾˵
ͻϣ
ôҸûһܿģ׽ԳЦԭҲǷһںԼŮ֮ǰûˡ
ţ˵Ĺ԰ɡ
߰ɣﲻʺ㡣
ʺϡ׽Ц˵ʺң
ֻҪӦҿԷһ뿪ȥԼ
㡭Էλ֪ΪΣ׽ԺͻȻðôһ뷨Ҫλ巡
Ϊ㣬ʲôԷ׽Ļ̵ЩʹţΪ˸ŻߵģԲܻᰮ巡
ɫˣ߻㣬ȥɡ׽ŤͷȥվƬ̣˳ȥ
ǾܾԼס˫ȭ˵ΪһˣĸһֱεĻλԷǾܾԼ
⻹𣿻ǸһֱŽ


021   Ȼʧ

ôˣ񽹼ĿŰ׽һüǶһԺһ仰˵Ҳûǳ鹬
ѵϴүǻˣǴβѾ𣿶Ҳ֤ᣬô
飡׽һ˶ˤ˵ϡ
û°ɡ
÷е˹ȥ
ôô䣡һ
׽˦֣һԼĽվ
ˣǲҪˡǵĿᶼ켷˳
㲻֪ͭǽڣô׵¡
һѾߵĲ¿
ĵɨ˰׽һۣ˵ʲô顣
μ
ֲǵһö񡣡
ӴͻȻװԾĽ
˵˱ŭҿ˵⼸նȥǱ࣬ܲΪʧɡ
׽˶ͷͷȥ
׽Լŭʢˡ
˵ˣ׽촽ҿˣ
һߵ׽ǰҲѹ֣ްպ죬Ϊϻһֱ㣿
أ
أȻģʱŭ˵ģûĵģôΪںأ
ѵ㲻ң
֮
һ󣬶ԣ֮δʣԼҲΪ˳ȥԼڹĵ˲Ÿϵ
ôȻѾͷ
Ƿ˲Ż㣡ȥ
ҲҪ׽ˡ
ģȻô֪ô
Ϊʲô񿴵ĳΪԼãΪʲôһҪǧ֮أ
˵ڸһЩҲƶ𣬺޲ýݺݵĲڵϡ
ãĴڣһʧ赽ΪǾͬϾةɽܸһô϶Ƕġ
ûΪʲôһɨߵѾͷȥ
ֽʽΪƸսһ׼ˡ
һδεˤһδε
ʱڵϴɱү书ֻ꼻һ֣Ҳû˿ʱģ
Ҳǰ׽ǵģĹѾ˥ˣԼˣôȥǣأ
ԼԽԶԽãûڹúȥ
ϣ檽ϲԵġŤӵǰű˸
ûθڣ°ɡ
ߺ޵ĵһۣûһۣ˵ûθڣҲܵġ
ϣǳ檻˺ܴĹͳһ
Ȼ˺ܴĹԼͽˡһ޻£ˡ
ϡ
ԶȥıӰݺݶţÿ춼ӣߣĵȲϰ׽ǸѾͷˡ
⡭
ȥι
ǡ
׽ţұضһӣ

ʲô£ջԼ
Ѿͷæܵ߶˼䡣
ƵŭﶸȻһ˻棿
ǧȷСѾͷƶ˵
ѽ⵹ʧΪһûᡣЦ˼ֿ־壬ԭҲûмˣ֪εкĿġ
ЩҪֻҪܰԸ׽Ǽõġ


022   Դ

ôˣ÷Ŵͷɥ߻ĴѾͷ۸
ոȥŷ˵ǸﰾЩҩĲȴ˵ίĿǺͺӣҪӣ˵㲹Ҳ
Щġ÷һףǲǾϴ˵Լ֮ôôõĳ谮ǰ״ֱ䣬Ա˺Ķ
㱾Ͳȥ׽𳤽˹ҵӲҪ
̫ҽ˵
ں
һ巴˽
μϡ
޸һЩҩȥ
лϣūȥ÷ӹ󹫹ҩģղŵҲһɨ⣬ֻҪϻԼôʲôüƽϵأ
޲ǲ밮ʲô£ߵܵʱĲޡ
̧ͷ巣ǻͷϣǹĹô˵ֱζ
ҩˣ
ôڸߣӿһŭ⣬ȴɱֳЦݡ
Ȼϻб£
׽巼Ůˡ
ֻ㣬ڤҪ£ðһ㡣
֣׽ŤͷѽǱڤ͸巵ģĪʲôͱڤҲֻһ֮Եѡ
Уһҳ̫ҽģʱҪúøһ͡己Ŀѵζ
Щ
ûˡ巷ȥ
׽Ҳ֪ΪʲôôֻǼ已Լŭ͸ʢˣǳôô
ԣⲻ£ô뵽Щ
ϣǸոտصҩģô
޵鲻ġüһšȥŷĳӶ޻ˣǳ¼á
ǡ
巳̾һ밢Դˣû뵽ʹ࣬Լʹٱ
֪Ѿͷ϶úõչԼ̸ҩˣô͸˰ɣֻҪסİν
ְ˵ҹıڤǹƥ˳¡
üǱҹȻҶһǰ¡
ǳ±ҹսʱڤ¸ʲô
ʲôʱ򵽡
Եʹ
ãһҪʱ򱾽档
ǡ
žԼ˵ģǺ޼巣֪ȫˣҲὫȨô꣬巾һֱЩô׵Ļأ
ôҪúᣬȻڤˣܺƥеˣôԼȻŹûᡣ
ϣⱱڤѾҹ˵ס˾үҡ
ⱱڤҳ£вǰݼϣܵүȥסġ
ⱱҹҲ̫ˡ
ǧһϣûʲôģȻڤ棬Ǿú档
ϣΪӦýڤӵʹ
ǰϣȻȥ˻Цҳ¹ġ
΢̧ڵӣһ˿ЦݣܵΪ̽·
ϣ⡭
֪ڤһʹһ᲻ΪĿڻʹһԼôõϸǡ
ԼˣһֻӦòڤʲôǣġ


023   ҹ

ªϣڤܶൣﱭеĲ裬Ц
үҲݻ֮ڤһ˿ζЦݣ˱еĲ衣
ڤˣ֪ڤ˴¿ɷ£
ô˵µ˱ҪĿģڤü˵үϻޱȣֻϧһ˫һмʶ
޶ۡ
ڤζĿĲ豭Ҳ
үү
Ҳ⣬ߵܳҪֵġ
μүڤ
үǰʲô£
ү˵ڤ˾صɱְһЩϣڤЦɡ
£ߡڤƳǵսľԼȷ̫á
ʵˣΪ˻λ߱ɱΪԼĺҲΪ档
⡭ЩΪѣٴοڣү˵ڤһۡ
ûȤ
ڤְ
û˵ֻ꣬ڤһĲ豭ǹһ˿бߣϵһƬ˵Ǳ̽ţ˵Σ
ڤ
ڤһӣǰƬ˹ȥƫеĴĶġ
ǲ˼ڤˡǱߺЦģͻ
ǡ
ϧúõһ裬ūŸˡ豭ָڤһ衣
үǺƢڤ豭ղŵȫûзһ˿ûΥ͸С
лڤޣһ⣬ϣڤָԽ򡣡
ޣүʲô˵
ǽǻϵˣᶯ𣿡
кβҡ
ʵᶯ𣿶ǸҲҡ
ڤ̧󣬿ȴүѶԸĴǣҲ˾ζ
ү˵Цˣֻ뱾˵𣿡
һڲ裬ٽӻڤֻոǿռթҪԸ⣬ƫƫȴǺͼͷԵľҲǾС
ֻǿϧʵܵжŵı£ö֪
ˣ
үڤɱȥ
ĺá¶һ˿ѵõЦݣá
⡭µĽʿүôˣԴմӹͱĪô±ڤɱ˻ôˡ
˹˲ЩҪúõȥ巽ڤһ㶼ûаϷôţôҲ뿴ڤôŵ׹
У˰ﶢ룬һʵʱǰ
ǡ


024   ҹϸ

ϣⱱڤҵΪ˵ɱүȥ
ⲻŸǳѿ𣿡
ûʵĽУ㵹ȷ֮С
ϲþ
֪ôþɱ
⡭Ǻ°ոһֱֱ׳ĴȻ
Ҳ֪ô죬ڤţҲǱҹľҪǳʲôҲý
ڤɱȥĴ֪̿ͣΪλô
ϣⱱڤ˾پǲǳ·
һүܴ£巷ʣλǲǸˡ
ϳ֣̿ϳ˼
ˡŲ˼ЦݣϸϸĴǰļλ󳼣ҲûнΪȥ
ˣڤʲôȥ˵춯λʱ仹ȥ̽һ
ϣǰЩӲŰ򽫾ôᡭ
޸֮Ĳ𡣡
ţʱϵ߶ͦģȻܵȥˡ
žеգˣˣǰΪԼ已ŻԼ빬УȻûϵһϸڹô꣬Ű裬Ϊľҳ¹͢ãڹλϵӡ
ñҡһϷŰĻһ磬ϡ
ˣǹ㻹ܽ˹ȥ
Ϊס˲м˵漴̧ڹﵱôõĹܲԼ˭ɡ
Ʋҡ
ң㵹ǵĺܣ
ڤ¡
ڤ̧֣漴ͥ
һ⣿
һ̧űڤ
׽ڹУ
ʲôüúõѾͷʲôڤܲΪ˰׽İɣôܣձڤӣǿκŮ˵ġ
½ȥѾͷڳ鹬ڣŲģ鹬ڵĿҲ൱ܣɶֱӹϽڤǼ
ôڤЦô˵巺
һֹ⣬ҿϾͲԼ͸ˡ
ô˵
Ȼ˼ӦҺ޲ó⣬Ѫãܡ
Ҫ𣿡
һ˿ϲڤ˼ǣ
ҸԼҪ
ңôԼ
ǱˣԸڤһ磬ʧڡ
һոշµŭֱڤʰ׽ʲôܾм֪顣
ǰ׽


025   ټڤ

֪ʲô˼ԼȴӰ
޷û£ȵҲް
ߵѾͷҲö˵ʲô˼
˭ǰһĨɫӰ÷
û˭ܣǲۻˡ
ܣո˴ȥġ
⡭ǵȷûˡ
ū澾ﲻȫǻ뿪ɡ
׽ӱ촽һ˿Цݣ漴֣Ȼȥɣһ

ȥ׽Եø䡣
ū澸ˡ
׽ǰ˼ע⵽͵Ŀ⣬һԾʧԭء
ףأһĨʧǰС̫༱æǰȥ
ܰոջģôͻȻͲˡ
ô죬ϻɱǵġ
С̫νļ٣ǵδˣҪȥҪû¾ͺãʲô£Ǹô죿
Ͽȥϡ

Ůˣô
ڤЦ漴һ׽˹ȥ
Ůˣ뿴ʱĹ˶١
׽һڤһۿžͷϮ
ûáڤͣڸͷһȭľ룬ͺߵ
漴ջԼȣ书ûг˵زˡ
ôɱңѵϴЮڤĳ𡣡
Ůˣ㻹ǹڤŭЦӴ˰׽һȻǸǵŮӣôͱأ
ڤĵӲŹ󣬾ȻܴɲҪңڹϸڰ㣿
ΪſЩס
ڤͲҰ˸֪巣
𣿡תڤƶ˵㲻ᡣ
ڤк£
Ůˣû¾Ͳˣô˵ҲǱ͸巵ģ̽һ¹ʽӦõġ
ڤ˵ĺҲǸϸ㡣׽ĵ˵
ô˭ѽڱĲãв͸巵ģΪһӽͻɱû뵽ȻĹŮˣĪ巽ˣʶ²֡
׽΢һ£²ֱɱôûλģֻ֮ɱһкأ
Ҫ㣬Ѿ˶룬ֻҪڳҲ˴巣ǵ˻϶ˡ
ô巺ûôɡ
ڤ㡭ΪҪסھ׽ÿϸü
Щ鲻Ҫģֻ˵㲻ĵˣȴҪϸϸá
ڤ׽֪ôﻳɵĶѾȷĴ𰸡
һ
ŮˣҪߣҲù￴ֵڤҲ֪ôð뷨Ȼϵģҽһ֮ԵŮˡڤǰ˵Ц
ǲ˵Цһ֪ڤѹŮˣﲻʺ㣬ӦôǹĴԭ
ҵ£θɡ
ˣߵģúóԷõűڤ˵ʧǰ
ȣһȣ׽ҡҡͷȴб㡣


026  Ƿ

׽ص鹬ʱɫѾĨбƫеĹУһ
˵Ĳõ¸;õ鹬
ж˻¸ǶϺλ
鹬ԶǼ䰲ģرʱ򣬾ÿ£񰲾ĺ
ǵʱ巣ﻹйһ˲ľ㵡
ʦģ˶Լô죬ʲô֪ˡ
ˣ
巵ͬҹĹȣΪ֮һ
Ȼ֪˵ʲô׽Ҳء
޻Ϊˡ巵Ļż˿ŭʧ֮żԳ
Ҳԣδô׾뿪أ
ӭŹ׽˹
׽޲ףȻôҪȥǱڤأѵ˵һ㲻㡣
䣬Ҳվ˰׽ǰ
ΪҲԸ׽ͻȻЦֻҪ巵˲ʹ죬Ҿͺܿġ
𣿡巼ǰƽϵĺΧŰ׽
㣬òǰ˰ɡ׽һѿϡ
أһֳϣĿ
ɱˣ׽Ǳ̵ͷʣˡ
㲻ðҵģҵĿľҪɱ㣬ô԰أϻʵͻȻվҲǻɱҵġ
Ϊɱң
ܡ
ʵ巷Ц׽޸ˣԼ߾͹ֲˡ
ϴɷģһղһղߡ
á巴Ц˳ȥ
Ȼߣôұ㽫޵׼뿪
û֪̫Լʧһ̣ĵĽţԼһüѡ
ϸһ룬ضȥڤĪû뵽ǻˣʱľϲҪǹŭġ巣ǷˣһʱҪŮˣһһӲܰŮˣȴҪֶνߡ
ЦЦ
űȥŭţԼѱʵ
򽫾ͲҪˣүǲġӰǵģЦǰЩӻؾʢû뵽Ȼô׾ͳ˽
ץʲôűȥ
򽫾Ĳ֪үΪץ˵ϴζԿд˵ʤ֮䡣
˵ƾʵӮʤ֮䡣
ʵӰٴδЦԭ򽫾Ювʵɱӻؾʵ
˵ĿЩ㣬ȴҧأ¡
ûҲ磬֪Σһ˵ǸԣҪɱִֵҡҪǽ䵽УǽҾͲö֪ˡ
ʲô˼űȥ롭ƴҡҪȥ׸ûҪ
ϸòҪүĴ¡
ǡ
ĵĿﻹ룬Ӱҡͷ˳ȥ
ү
ڳ
үģա
ãӰ˽͸
ǣְףӰž˳ȥ
ӱҪ˶һҪ巸⵹


027   

ϣʧˡ
ǶˣЦ˷ô˵Ҳ˺ˡ
ϣְΪү·һܽõıȨ
ԶôţЩ飬޲òϣ޻֪˭Ÿʺλӡ

ôҲˡС㽫˰ɡ
˵Цˡ
û˵Ц磬ٲãҲ޵ãҿһ̫ܡ
ΪɱԼĸͼԼĶӸλ
ΪԼԣ˺˰
ôͲ
ϵ˼ñְ
Сģޱ㲻Ҫ󣬵ǼȻǶǺˣҲϲǣβúõأ
֪к⣿
Ҫ̫һۣ
ãְס
ϣүЯڤμˡ
⵹ǸϢ巴ЦȥҪúõдڤ
ǡСȥ
ⱱڤô֪ͣʲôĿġ
ʲôĿģҲóѡ
ϼݵĴһȣ鹬¶û뵽ʱգϻǷŲǼˡ
ǰ׽ȴмֲΪ֪ڤˡ
ô巣ضô׵ķŹ
μϡѾͷһأհʥա
ôױ硣ûй˼µѾͷֱӳڵİ׽˹ȥ
μϣ֪ⳤ鹬ν£
֪ʡһƨ˵ϣĿ޴Ҫ뱱ڤѵȥ
롣
ˬ졣巴Ц漴˵Ҫȥ
ΪûҪ巵ķ̣׽Ҳûиɫ
޲˵ȥ޵˼ȥ巵ĿͻȻ
϶ȥ𣿡׽
Ϊȥľˡ
á׽һ˿Цݣ̸αװ巾ԱȲ̸ĺݣҲʤ巡
áᣬһ˹ǾʹôУƽʱ͸ĶأҪϸ޿֤һÿġ
ϧϧ׽͸ͭ巣ƽʱ͸ҵĶˡ
׽巺޲ùȥͳʲôģǿ侲
ãǾ
ȻǾ߿
㵹Ǳ޻Ȳȭͷȭһǰ档
ڤô˵ҲǸ󳡺ϣʹ͸ĶҪūȥ
죡׽Ķһ仰Ӹ巡
ϳˣ죬졣
ʲô죬޹
Ͽ¡
ŭģҶǰȥνİ黢ǰһ뻹˳һͺ޲ɱˣֶҲǸߣÿһζܰѻ
ĻϵĿǰ
׽һţһصĳһжȻġ
巸һ仰˵ֶǰȥ
⡭
°ɣȥ
ǡ˲һӡ˼֡
ϻͷϰë治һŮӡ


028  

Ҳ֪ô£֪ЩģȴһֱڴΪ뿴ڰ˭Ҫ
԰ɣô꣬ҲôһΡ
巵ĲӾͣŰ׽Сʱһٲײϡ
ȴûеԤ֮еĽ׽ͣһľ룺ôأ
ߡٴǰȥ
׽εҡҡͷֻԣû뵽һԵˡ
Ĵڣȴһֱ߸Ŀ
ԭֻûԵˡ
ȵ巺Ͱ׽ʱ򣬵Ѿ˴󳼣ŵĨӰ˾˵䡣
һǾɫ
һ˫
ϧһΪһЦ
ʺߺǾͷ׷Ԥԣ˭ϺλȻԸǴȴɰѱѺϣں󹬣Ű裬ֻѡ
ȴǳٳûзΪ˼ڴҲڻǰټˣһ»ϵĺ󹬣һʺϵʺ
巵ĺ󹬣ƣΪ˳ӣŭĸҲãʶλҲһֱ
Ͽó檺õȣϻȴȥˡŮӼ
һҲǸˣϸҶСɵıǴ촽ڵӿĿòм
ȻĻҲ˵ӵЦ
֮Ů˵巵³裬Ҳѹֻôš
Ϊô׽ȻҲǲ۵ġ
⻰˵Ҳ̫ˣģ޽ȥġǶ˵ģȴһֱԵİ׽
޵뿴̶á
ڤЦ巰巣Ů˵˼ôܶԴףܰΡ
ߡ˶֡ĵƳһۡ
ϣôڡߵЦ
ĻŰ׽;ˣȴ֪ΪλǽԼߡ
׽Ҳ˵ɫֱߵ˾
֪Ը޵Աߣ
檡Ϊ˵һ̧ͷȴֶ¶˽ߵЦݣߺ޵ĵ
ֻһλڻǲʡ
ã޷ΪΡ
˴ĿԼһϣľǰôҪóԼôһ͸ļӾˡ
л϶͡˵žȥʱ巵ʱﻹֵļ
Ҳ
ǡ
𣿡š
㶼ô
׽ѵǹ㿴ģֻҪȥߵЩŮ˱֤һһ
һ
ȻᣬֻبŲʯġ
׽ֻǳЦػ
˵ϴƵĵĻᱻϸˣ
Σ
Ҳ׽˭˼ôصˣ㣬ڻǰ䣬Ǻÿ
Ļ֪ǽ黹Ǽ׽Ҳûлش˵Ҳ
رãдڤѵӦ֧裿ɾϸӴŰ׽ѾǹʽʥּͻҲǺͰ׽ƽƽˣʲôµġ
ãҲ뿴⳽µһ˵ĳƺŵǲ鴫ڤζҡűеľƣüŰ׽
Цǻϵӣ׾ͳ裬뽭յк𡣡Ŀűڤ;ڤǲ⣬ɱԼȥǻģӶ˰׽͸Ӳˣ˵ʲôҲñ


029  

ߵﶼܻӭ巷ıӣĿ
Ҫڤʧˣղ¾ڤ
Ůˣھܾ
ǡ
ôĵӣڤˣȻҾܾ°಻סˡ
һ裬裬㲻Ǹոսһɣʥּûö
㡭
ɣи󵽣ô˵ȵλӸߣҲӦûһ㣬ǿڿһĹȥ֣һ˵
ϣǶ۸檣һҪΪ
˵˵Ҫ޸
תתͻȻһĨݵЦݣǻ͸檵ӣ檽ܽҳôӮԸ⽫͸ˣ͵áĳ鹬øס
Ҫ鹬ԽסڶĲģҵȤ
׼ˡ
ͷһ֪ߵغѾͷһĺ¡
ϷھͿʼˡõ巵ıӣˣԾֱӽӸ
ڤӱԲѾͷԲĹ㡣
ˡ
׽ϵɣܵ⣬ڱصãһԵҲһϷӿ
巣һ񶼲ûһ
ϸüɱ϶ҲЦ˳ǿ㣬Ҫﵢ˴ҵʱ䡣
ôģ޿ֵģֻһط
׽ŵ˹ȥ
ҪʲôһԼɿʼ
ݣ׽ûԤ֮еͣԣƹߵ巵󣬴һͷڷȡӡ
⡭⡭ɼˣȻŭҲ
ߡһӣ͸ˡ
ͣҲҪ׽־ͽӸ˳ȥ
Ҫɾˡڤһλ˵룬׼ȷĽӵ˰׽ӳӡ
û뵽ڤҵӸȤǽߵĿȴûϵӸոڱڤͣһ룬ֱֱͬһ֧ɵĶġ
ʺѪӶͷ£ڴһûзӦ֮ʣɱ㵹ȥ
ڴ󳼲ŵĿһĻҲ̫ŵİɣŻϵ澹ɱĳҪȥµ顣
⡭սľǰ鿴һֻȶڴ£ŸողűΪɾûˡ
ˡС̫һˤ˵ϡ
̧ȥǸ飬˿û׷˼
ʵǶŮ˿ۣΪ˲Ⱦ˱۾ͽˣϣϿɲҪﱾ
Ȼᡣ֪Ϊ׽ƾʲôΪ׽ԽˣıӲ
ճյĿһУ궼ŵ˰֣˵ЩʲôģʱһĿ־ԺȻʲôҲ˵
ǲ֪۶ģĶļǱҹõġ
˼޶ģ巿Ƶζ
Ǹ
׽ֻоҵĿⶼͶԼؿʯѹţӮɣʤڤ˲Ʋ磬ҲöԸǵȻ֪ڤʲô


030   ǳ

ʲô
ڤ˼ת棺𣿱ԣȵص䡣
ǲ⣬׽м˿Ŀűڤ֪򲻹ⲻڰһô
ڤ˵Цˣ벻ΪҪģ
ƺϵôش𣬱ڤһЦӮˣ㳽ǳء
һ£ڤһǧǳأǶǶջ
ȴ§ߵˣû⻰һ㡣
´󳼶Ҫ֪ڤ˵ĿǳأǶջ
˵ĹҲǼģȻƲϾ˫Ӧúͱڤ˶ٰɡ
ϾǳأҪǰװܵõǿµĴϲ¡
ˣؼİɣ׽һ
ˣ͸ȥҹ
УվĲ巣ôͬⱱڤ׽뿪
԰׽ûģʵ֪׽书ڱڤ֮¡
Ŷүк뷨
ҹĹ˵߾ʹߵġ
˵Щʲôע⵽ǽֻ֣㬵ţҲ졣
ǳأǡ׽һתȻڤĻǳջǣ˵ǳزûʲôãҪ˾͵øȥҹǿһƫҺĵطΪҪȥ
ʲôŮôΪϵĳҪΪӮǳأԺٻ֪
ˣҲܱڤرҹǺεȵˡ
Ůˣҹ˵ѵǹô
һ仰ð׽ɫ
˿ܲ⻰˼ҹڼڼ˰꣬ΪϵŻñڤԼ¡
ǰ꣬ڤ޷ڴԼʹףΪʲôĿ࣬һжΪ巣ѵڻ巵ߡ
ͽ
ףڤȵʲôߣ˵˵ѣ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ãҸġ
еıͻȻƬѪӿַΪ촩ĺۣʶôۡ
׽ôȲ뿪
̫ҽ˵ӲУ˹ôܴĹڤ
ͲöΪĲʶ׽һжᷢ
áڤԾϣ׽һϮ£Ǿˣһֻķˡ
ŮˣǶġ
ڤͬһ׽Ϯ˹ȥ
վλʱ׽ѾоЩ̸ٺͱڤˣһѵܿ˱ڤ
ڤҡҡͷŮˣҪҪ䣬Ȼɾͻˤúܲҡ
磬ûɩӮ𣿡ǿпٲһӰЩǣɩԴ·磬Ҫô죿
ҲɡȻĺűеĲ裬Ȼڤ»ĿģĿ꣬Ȼǰ׽á


031  ŮˣӮ

ô˵ɩΣˡٶȽŵĿſУʱһԼҵĻ֡
סɩӶҪ˼ˡ
׽ͣ˫ȴʱѾǿվܱߣؿڽŵţһѹؿڣչ
ڤϢĻᣬһ߻ɨ˹ȥ
Ůˣ˺㣬ҪôˤȥǻģҪƴֿˡ
׽˫ֵֵƳһ¥̨ϵĸ߶ȡ
طһ⣬˵ˤȥ͵ˤһ˵Ҫǵȥǡ
ǺɫӰͻȻӸ̨ˤͻȻôˤᡭûɡ
ѵ˵ҪŰűڤȥҹ
ϣôˣ巵ıüѿҪȥļ󣬸òҪȥ°׽İɡ
ô˵棬ոպڤԼõģҪ巳֣ϵĳźڣµϺڡ
ͻȻˤûġ
ڤšϸüŽ׹İ׽ܳŵȥ
׽ӣڶģȻڤ˭أôͶĶıڤ᲻
ڤͷһ漴ŷȥ
ŮˣӮˡ
Ǳȴ㣬Լ
ǧ£ɲֻΪ˴һ߱ʬ壬˵㲻ʲộǻޱһӡ
ڤȻԵôһûûεѾͷϡ
һȴ
ڤȻ׽ϲһشˮµ뿪Էȴ̶ﲻ԰Ρ
űڤŰ׽µصһֻ̣ˣΪһ׽ӱҹôӦôΪʲôҪ뿪ﲻͺˡ
ڤС̫༱æǰӦ˰ɣȻ˵׽ȵģĽŲûأ෴ڤΪ˱׽˫Ѿֱֱվ˵ϡ
˵ټһҹǳֺηŤͷ뿪Լλ
ˣԼɩһ˹ȥɩû°ɡ
Ȼȥˡ׽Ǧֱ뿪
֪ʲôˣԴߵһ̣ͱˣ񣬺ͱڤ֮Ҳˡ
һվǸ̫ˡôˣ
˰εˡ
벻ڤǸˣǳأ󷽡Ƶıӵݸ
ڤӹһ¹˭ֻһǳضѣ͸Ҫ㳽µĻǷصסˡ˵鹬λúأҪҪ
ҪȻҪҵĹģΪҪȥ
ǣū澸ˡ
һ¡üסҪȥѾͷ
ﻹкηԸ
Ѹϴ͸ǿǧ˲͵鹬
ǡѾͷεҡҡͷǵ춹ģ˵ȥȴǷĲ


032   ɢ

Ǿġ
׽˫ֽһ𣺡°ɡ
ȻͺãǲҲ͵ʲôײŵʣԴϴκͱڤһֱӣأ˼⡣
ʱףʲôг˼
һУٻ󣬻ϵĳ谮үıӻڤ⡣ȴ޷üĨ
ϡ
һֱ巵ʣֲʲô
ػϣԴմӴϻˡ
ã巵ͷһθо˴ֲҲ뿪
ļϵһ̣ʹĻԼ
úչתĵ˳ȥ
ˣģǲš
ˡ
ʲôôţͷĿĵѾͷ
ū˵ҪҪΪʺȻɢ󹬡
ʲôֻŭʢȻΪһ׽ֳôһ¡
ЦǿЦ
Ÿʲô㱾ȥϡ
˵ˣ˭Ҳ˵糯ҲûϣڴǶأһӡ
ߡûõļһ㱾ȥ
ǡ
飡ı׹˵ϣһЦȴڿصƬƽ
ר裬㲻ɢ󹬣ЩŮҲͬһĴڣֻʱȻĴڶҪˡ
׽Ӯˡ
㽫أ
ĸ𣬻ԶԶ
㲻Ը϶ãҪ½Ϻˣ
˵öӶ֣ҪҪȥ
ȥΣֿԡ
ʣһûа巣ǰģҲֻѾô˷һɷˡ
ǿԣԸ
ʰһةฮɡ

ѲˣֻС㡣
СѾͷ˵ͷᣬ¶΢Ц
ˣһ⣬ȥô
ǣūּ
⣬˷껪Ӧ÷ˡ
ƣ̫ŭɶĿǰĶ磬˭ôĵӣ
ְּס̫벽
磬ǱŮסͷԣѵҲ𣿡
ƳһۣαְܣµҪأְ̫͹ˣǾΥʥְ
硣ĺţͼö
ţϾһ𳤴ģŶһ
粢鹥ƣɰվκá
ߡ̫üŶ磬޲ýƬôҡ
ң巴һϵˣǰҪΥԼ
СӣΪһ׽͸ҽɢ󹬣ЩеӿɶǸ󳼵ǧ𣬻һЩĹС㣬ôƱؾͻﲻٴ󳼡
һҲãûãֺλַʲô£Ƿ£ϻλľֻĶӡˡ
ˣ߰ɡͨЩ̫㲻ٶͶ
ĸǻûȥ֣ôһͷԼ򵥵ȻǲЩֻ֪Բð׽ǸŮ˻Һ󹬡
ƾʲôܵõ߸ƾʲôΪɢ󹬡
ôһļƵŮˣԲ
ĵĲ˹ߵߣЩߵĵͷ
һУŭˣһ֮Ůôθ硣
ʲô
ǻɳŮЭͳġֱͦߡ
ϡһЦЦôôһŮס
ֻ̫ʲôĿģҲ˵ٲһ󳼵ŮôסԼأ
ЦôôһѾͷ
ڴˣ̼ʥϣ㻹𣿡
µҲô⣬ûа취ţ巾ȻôһŮסǳµĹ
٣Ь䣡


033  ָ̰о

ǻÿ
ְ˵ˣκȥ
͵͵һۣ㸽ŵ˵ͷǰͳİɣϾҲǻϷԸġÿһƣȴû뵽һ˶ȥ˶Ļ
Ƕ磬ȻɫȻǰȴûƿ
ʲôʱҲܸôˣʲôʱͶ֮ѱʡ
ž붼û룬ֱӹȥһƵϡ
ʲôȻĻ
ǼҪӿˮʹĿ
ŮӻϵǴģŮĲ֪Լˡ
㲻֪𣿺ãǽ챾֪ˡ
ˣȥȴʮ壡
ٵɫȻʮ壬һӶܲˣοôһŮӡ
˵꣬ҧס촽ȵĿŶ硣
оǶͬģĻԼ
Ƕȴûһɱֱվ˵һ仰
ڵӱø
ټֻõͷһ۽ҧסŵʱһö翴Ǿί˵ҪȻҷͳҲؽ黳
ȥŭɶĿһʮĺƤ
ٱ㱻Ů˳ȥǺ¡
ʮ壬ôܰ
ǽлᣬһŹ㣬һҸʹһٱһ򱶣
̫Ŷ磬Խ
ֻ֪ʥϣܻϧ˼ôһأ
ѵ˵巡
̫ɻĿŶ磬ȴҲ벻ס
ģū澿ûƭ󳼻ڵš
׽ϸüԭӾͷһƬôҲ²͸
ɢ󹬣巣ע̫˰ɡ
ҲԷôˡ
Ǿġ
׽ӹֽϤľӳǰ
ء
̶֣һڳǽ⣬һȴǽﲻɲȥ
ôˡ
عةฮˡ
׽Ķ֣Ŀȴǳٳٲ뿪
ôܲԹңӦԹҵİҶԸʺΪıȴڳɹ֮ݺƿøع³
úҵġ
ҪҪҲȥ
ˣǳȥɡ
ǡ
ɢ󹬣已ϼڴ󳼣ҲǵĻɣôͲȥˡ
ڿڣ²ס
һжҪģ޺
ȴôҲܺһʵ
ָ̰оҲ԰Ρ
Ĺ¶ȴһңһڲ֪оͲ뿪ļҡ


034    ħ

죬ߡһֱͣĴߴţܾһ·ʲôڶ·϶ය
һҪȥ巣ƾʲôΪһ׽ͽɢ󹬡
ǵȥѽڤͻȻסȥ·ͬһٴ𣺡
ҡҡŵĿ촽ͣĲȴһ仰˵

ڤǼҪȥμϵģСѾͷС˵
巡ڤЦһһƽǰѾͷڵء
㡭ʲôսľĿ
ڤǴЦ߽ƣһߵѾߡ
῿Ķߣɱǡ
ɴ۾ȻԼƽʱôˣʱ򣬶ڱڤȴȥʵʩ
˾ħԵħ
ң
ҡҡ
ҪôҪôڤ˵ƺһƽ¡
ȴһѾͷ﷭
ܡڤһԾͽҪܵѾͷ׽˻һѽǰ
һģԼ֡
˶ɱˡɱˡ
Ǳûа̺á
ֱţ˱ڤ˼ͷϵ
ϵѾͷµĿ
һ
һģֱӳѾͷĲϴȥֱѪӿͬһ޵õ壬ڵϿš
ˣˣɱˡ
ܣܡ
ʱĴܿٴΣյĵط
һݣȻЩ˿ˣôҲˣǣת˲ٶһԼǰ
Ǳ̳ˣڤĿĽ
ҡҡ
Ҫȥ巣

㰮巣
̧òҶ˵һ仰
ȴܷһʵȷ巡
Լһ̣յ飬
֪ʱΪһϸ巡
Żôް׽޲ú
ǽ졭ߡ
ȥ
˵أûصĵط
ҹһǱҹҪȥҪٵǸ˿۸ĵط
Ǹûůֻ޾˳ˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊһ˰׽已ŻᴹԼůڰ׽û֮ǰĳ谮ǹ˺󹬵ӡ
ԸصҹǸħһĵط
ΪʲôҪȥҲȥ
Ϊܾģ
㲻Իһû͡ͽҼԻòá
ƵһôһˣˣڤӲԣֻɱ¾ֻ档
ûԻ෴а׽͹ˡͻȻŭ
׽ǰ׽
ƣɱ˱ΪʲôὫ£ӽ巡
ΪʲôΪʲô
ֻΪ׽ڤ֪׽ҵĶԹ֮£ô꣬һͰ׽ôŮӣòڹһϯ֮أȴ׽Ļķ顣
׽ȷԼ̲סȥοأ
û뵽巻Ϊɢ󹬣ôأԺҲ˵
ôҪȥȥķˣֵɱȴӮһ
ȥ巺òãһۡ
ƣԺеǻᣬȻȥرҹ㿴´ýɽλϵġ
ڤ
ڤĿƣѾ꣬ĹιĻɱʹ죡
һΣߣߣ
ƿ˶̱˼֣ڱڤ֪ôѡߣǾһ
һ죬Լһģð׽ˣ


035ô

ϳϡӴһֱ鷿ͷϣܳһۣ죬Ҳδ巵Ӱӡ
ǵĻϣϲܷΪΪôһŮ˾ͽɢ󹬡
ڴ󳼺£ԶеĿ޵滨꿴ǽյš
ϸϳһȻϳԸڵǰ
ҪʲôһϮ˾ӸµĿŵµˣ޷һʺʱҪǽˣ
ϣϲΪһŮɢ󹬡
ŮסķŭЦݿŵµλԼһڵӣⰮ˵˵ʲôŮ
ҳãҳ٣Ȼ
ô㣬ʱҳãҳˣһһһ˫ˣͳƵȻˣ
ϣ檲֪ʲôҪ檸ϳ
΢΢ûиλôľʱȥӦе檣ֻǳȥѵǲøлޣ
Ըڻߡ
ҲԸ⡣
Ӹλġ
Ŵ˻ͻȻЦԸһԸһӳΪһĸףԸһӲܸԼİ˳أ
⡭һǽкϣܳΪ֮ǾϳǵļɨأεٻҲûеõ
˵ģ˭ԸһӼ⹬У˭ܵļį
ˣҲܷΪʺ󡣡
巹𱡴мЦԺλмһˣƫƫ˽λӰ㿴
ǿ֪޵ʥּλĪ뿹ּǴıޣ
ϣϳ֣̿ϳֻǲ̼ҳµĺɽһŮ˵ϡ
԰˼ǡ
Ըڵǰջس
أҡҡͷһڴ˼
ôѪȵĳɲ޴һðڼһɺã
ϣ
İ仹ʲôΪӰһڻȪ·̫µȥ
ڴ󳼴ĿһУȴζ˿ڣץסҪһ㣬
Բ磬ǵվ̫಻ģȴܲ»Ȩ
ΣӣɽΣӡӴŻͣĺ½ɽҪôһŮˡ
ĿӦô죿ǻô죿
죬ʹеӺܿ뿪˻ʹе˼죬ɵò巵ĻӦſ޿ĳ˹ͬ͢һ̶ˮĿ¡
鹬ǻʹд˵ֲĵطסһȻʺˣе˵סǳδĻʺȴЫԺһûкӹ
е˵סŻ谮һȻĵûΪϧɢ󹬡
ʱ򣬳鹬ȴսմţû˸ȥʣû˽ȥ
С㣬С㡣
ʲôôţΪϵ˻ûкãԽĲʹ죬ѾôðʧĴϱͷı顣
˵ϡϸͻˣ
ʲôԭŭĽǶ簡ǷǶ粻޵ģôôʱͻ飿
ļҵĹӣļҵĹޣֻ϶硣
Ƕͳ졣
ģ⻰ٶ֪ȥǶͳ죬
ǧȷүڻڴýּˡ
ߣǿȥѾȲҪ巰䲼ʥּˡ
С㣬ˣʱӦúúõĴڹ뷿ĵŶȢš
ʶϵ˻ûãʱҪܳȥ϶ᱻ˿Цģб֣ΪԼӡ

С㡣Щʧỽ

˵Ϲصˣû׼̤һ̫Ȱ˵ûá
ߡ¶˱ĵɫǸŮˣǻãǲӦȥأøͻʥּҲ˿ϺݺݵһΡ


036ͻ粨

˵Ļ
ȻѾźֻ֣Ҫãͻ֪ͨҡ
áǹһ˿ЦжĥȻûոڣǾ͸һ֡
һ²ÿü
ƣ
˵ͷΪʲôܶɱ˹Ůȥ޶ԣΪʲôҪɱ˹Ůܵȥˣһԡ
ڻʹ˭
˼˰죬ԺͻȻչֳһӣѵ
ûһֱǱڤˣʱȻǱˡ
ڤĶԼϤ뷨
ЩҪ巵ӵʹʼЩлڤģл͵ԼߣǱڤͬʱҲԼһ֣԰⣬ò
ǿҳȥҿǻ׷ĹƾʲôҹͷĺţЩŵǸҪԺȥ˻ᣬһĸǣһҪ塣
ǰһ㣬ǲġٴѾ˽Ŀ
ʲôȥ
ٷǵûգЦصģ˳߹һϢ
ʲôϢ
ϴͻҺͶͳ죬ⲻ¸³Ҫɻˣʱϣ
ͻ飡ŵĿ٣ȴʹ޵˼㣬ôܣôܴͻͶһֱ֪ԼǶ簡
ⲻܣһǼٵġ
ƣһ֮Ůô϶硣
ҿûƭ㣬ŵĻȥʻϣͻȻ˵ˣطȥôлȥʻϡ
סڣŭǻϴͻ飬ҲȢŮ˵ġ
ߡɲҪԼˣⲻͳϴλصظҩģȻҵܺõô죬ˣһȥлӡ
ͻȻŭصĶţ˫סٵĲӡ
ҪɱֻҪûû˺ˣԼһ˵ˡ
û뵽ôһУ۾ȴôҲƲ
Ѿ߼״Ҳȥͼ
Ļôҵÿ˶ӣɲپôǰӿ
ʹģϵ۷Ŀǰ٣ʱֻһͷ
ɱɱ
һȣ͵ؾ㬵ɿ֣ʲôûҵģ֪ô
С㡣Ѿͷæȥס١
ı͢ٵŮ˹
æҡҡͷҪˣƭҶԲԣôأ
޹ء
ʲôк޹أЪ˹ĺ˶ô꣬һʥּȻȢǣôܽк޹ء
ӣҲһû뵽ȻС
˵ЦҵģЦָͻ飬Цҹ
ôô˵أǺġ
ˣ̧׼ȥȴڿҪ䵽ϵһ̣
磬㡭ǡ
ʱ䣬ôϽͣıɱԱŮɲʲôС¡ɿ֣ת˳ȥ
ټ״Ŀһȥ
ʼնţĶ磬СϲĶ磬ôȻҪȢǣôİΨһһԸΪһеŮӣôܾô
һ˫г˺⣬ŶһǱǸѾͷƭҪûǸŮˣһģһġ


037  һ

ʲô巴ӺСĻס˰׽˳߿ȥ
죬ǰ컹̫գܲˡ
巽ԴĿļϣסҲ˼֡
ҪԸ


ɷģǱҪҶȻֶԸŲµ׽Щ
׽΢΢¶˷һֱСά֮ʣĸ顣
ѵôվͲʹ֮ô
ʺλӡ׽ͻȻͣһ£ҲҪ
ɱͷľȵϢð׽һ
ںʺλӣȴ룬ԼİŮ˸Ψһĺλ
Ҳ֪ҪôŻῪģβĨȥеǵˡ巵ͳҲẦ£뿪ңϣֻһ
һʤһеˡ
ȫȫŰߣ㰲ĵĴ𣿡
׽ףѾ޷ںһʵ˲ðˣûȴͬʱȻ巡
С磬Ȼǰ巣ΪݻĻϡ
ⳡģˣһͿء
ôһġ
ǹһ˿ǳЦİ˵黰ô
ܸˡ
Ժʣһˣ׽תĵĿһ
ģζİŪĳ
ôһѻӹˡ
һѣ׽ûĿԼô
һѲУǾ;Ÿˡ

ŸҲУˡ
ٲеĻһŮˡ
巣׽üĿ湻Զġ
巿Ű׽ͻȻЦԸһֱȥ꣬ʮ꣬Ƕʮꡣ
֪׽Сǹ¶ģΪֵܽú룬Ҳûйܸһ죬ߣиҲô¶
ʲô̫ûдİؽˣ
̫ǧȷϽŹ˺֮Ů˵ǹıؽ
ңһ˵ŮҲӦõģôΪͰѵصȥأ˵ȥ顣
⼸һֱڳ鹬
ǰ׽Ȼ˷ˡ
أ
ү⼸һֱ糯δϣû֪ˣ
̫ɫʱΪʲôôû˸߰ҡ
үģøġ
֣̫ν־գһ˫Ůһڴһ巸ҪԸĸӵס
ǸŮ˵ĶӣôʶôȻ˶Լôͱĺˡ
ĸҲٺһ
΢΢ſ۾׽ֻȫʹᶯһ
𶯡
巵˹
û뵽ҵİԽԽˡһֳͷһּŪĳ
׽Ƴһۣʱѵȥ糯
Ϊ˶һϣʵǺۣŽҲûʲô£͵ˡ
Ǹ׽ݺݵĵһۣ͵ôµĽɽûﻹҡ
ˣΪû˯˯巽űӼ˫ֽŰ׽ϸ
׽üġҪ
һأҲԺûԵĻˡ


038    

ߣϺôļӣȻҪ㡣ֵ̫Ĳ˽ֻ巺Ͱ׽˽һϮ£˵䡣
׽üĿŵ²̫еЦԽԽҡ
μ̫
̫Ťͷһᣬȥ
̫ƺ̫ӭҡ׽ϸֲĳЦݿ̫
ߡҪͻ̸飬һŮӻÿ
̫˵ģҲŮӣôͲˡ
󵨣̫ߵִһȻ̫ǰԳңǴ治
ϡ׽һίС巿ȥ˵Ҵ治
Ǿʮ塣
ϡ˫ȲĿ巣˵ʲô𣿾ʮôܵ
ʮ塣
ʵۣ̫յ己̹ǵĿ⡣
ƺ²̫Ժģ޸ɲҪˡ
㣡̫ŭĿ巣һӡ
Ҫ֪ģӦڻʺһˡ
Ҳ˵ãʲô£㶼ӦĹôͬЩһ
أûӣ΢΢̧
Ӧýų
ҪŹ𣿡׽ӿ־ѵ˵ӷͬ
̫ݺݵĵŰ׽޲ýϵǲ߸˺飬ŮˣԾأıȡ档
˵ĺܺãӷͬ޵Ļã飬޻ǵô
ϣˣߵôķϣ
̫⻰˵ľͲˣүǹĸ磬ǻҲǹĸ磬ô˹أԷˣ
׽סڣ
׽촽㲻ٲ졣
ôûȥʮ壬Ժ˶ɨһԵսľ֣һӣȻ˶ͷˡ
ǡ
ϣϣ̫ȾūȾū
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˵̫һ򵥵Ůӣڶ԰ռ巣Ȼ˴󵨣ǰԳƱ
ǻλϵĲԼĶӣôгһմ˻λһҪŮ
룿С߰ͷмĿǵ룬ĺס׾գɣ·ҲڸԭеĹ
񣬸һؤﻹյķɡ
ǡ
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ʲô
ҪѵҲõ̸˵
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˵
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붼ûֱӾܾܽģ롣
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ߡԹ߶ãΪʲôҪ
Ҫֻ֪Ǻһٽ£ʱƽ£Ǹá
ҲҪ£ֻҪȿ룬ҪΪԼȥĸ籨ʲôʲô£ں
ֻҪҺôġ
ЦһҪС˺
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ǡ
ӰæŰȵǰ
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Ϊһ㡣
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ӰԹүȥϢ˵ʲôжϣܳ¡
ǡ
ŻڲеȣһѾͷûзΪ˵ͲеǻǺ


039   û

ڽӻڲͣĲޱȵļªԼĻӲʹ
ǳµĹôصطأ
֣ȻΪңҪҳȥ߸úýѵ㡣
ŵæ˳ȥ
ڼϤʱǻķŭˮȥס
硣ૺ
ƿЩӿˣ
ɻĿʲôѡ
֪Լˣʵ
ͻȻ˼ˣû
ٱ͸Ҫǻһѡһɱ
磬ѵ֪һֱ𣿡ճյĿ
ôҲôϲһʵǾСİ԰Ρ
ǻѾʥּҲȢСΥּ⡣
ûû£ҳȥȥ飬ҪӦҾ͸ĸ飬һֽǵĻԼġ
ǣΪʲôҪԼŤͷڵף֪Ϊ
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˲С㣬ҵԿǡ
һ仰Ķʱ˹ȵס
˼˵ֻҪûһжܽˡĵĿȴб㡣
ˣ㻹ǰĵţһϽųġ
һΣ뿪ȴûȥ׷
˿ֻһ뷨ûپͺˣֻҪûˣģ˭Ҳ᲻ߡ
ŷصϲԵĵġ
ڿɸˣԴӻϽɢ֮󣬾ͿʼרˣŷĳҲ׷ֺһͲôˡ
׽ƳһϵĲˣֻθڷµĳ嶯
ôˣЩ÷żʡ
׽űӣ߰ɣߡ
⡭÷ɻĶһۡ
ǾЩ̫ˣҪǻġ

׽ɾﻹǲܣֱûʲô£ǰڹ￴˺ȴòʳ谮ӣԺ͵һ
ᡭᡭ
һ£ȥһ̫ҽҪκ֪͵͵Ĵ鹬
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ϲϲ
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ϳ˵ǧȷһֱϺúõĵӣ˺ӣǲɣ
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򲻿ɣ̫ҽУûȥҸõ̫ҽһСƽġ
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⡭ǲˤˣͿԼнĸƾӹ󣬶ȴԸ֪
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ϳסֶȻǺʺ󣬱˺еӣ̫ǲȫԼ壬ô
°ɡ
ϳˡ
Ϊʲô߻ϣ
ҲҼסˣ˭ҪǸҰѽй¶ȥͱҲ顣
˵ʲôѵ׽Ŀʱεջ˻
Ϊ˸һϲֻ»ϵģһҪûɲ߻ϡ


040   

վڴĺûжεҡҡͷ
СЦŹ˹ıӣ߳ȥ糯
ϤĽŲȴԽԶ׽΢΢ſǺÿӣĵĿŷ
ϸַԼĶӣվûܳȥӡ
ûиĸʹһûгĺӣûüһۣԼͰ
⡪һĸġ
ЩĿϵķˣһˣܴ򷢵ǿЦ
ҪȥҪط
Ҫɱ١
תתͻȻ뵽һ⣬ס˽˰ˡ
ĺ˹û˿ɣֱӴ˽ȥ
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ҶӡӺ۰ĸ׷׸ƴĺ
۳ô죿
ҪǰȥɣȻҲöԻϽ
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ǣһţᵽʵ⣬ƿ˳ȥ
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棬ӦģôǸˣҪһҪ
С㣬Ƕļ¡
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ȥɣ
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һӣһʧķ裡
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ˡ
磬ҾҪ޸ˣϾҪ޸ˡ


041   ɱ

ϣһҪΪϳһѹǰ޵滨꣬Ҳ׷ױʾͬ飬Ϊһ׮ϲ£û뵽Ȼɥ£ǿϧһδԵ
ϣСŮ˶ӣɸû뵽ȻĵɱСŮСŮ·
⹫ǺݣôԼݾ۸˵Ů
ϧôһù
Ӧϳͣ׽նʾڡ
΢΢飬һѵû뵽ĺݣɱˡ
ˣôҲˡ
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ǡ
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˵˸ԺͲӰˣ֪㵽ȥˡ
죬ȥ֪ͨһҪ֮ǰҵ
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˭ϸüǰĺӣȻ£סʣϳζǰȡ
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˭Լ⣬Ⱦ͸ˣСϾǲм
ѽ¶ƦƦһЦҿǽϴŵ޵еĲɻ
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㣬ɻ
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бȰҾȳȥ˵
áȻ֪˼һŵȻ֪ȲĶ֣ĴӦ


042  ȻԴ

̽ԵĿڽˣһͷҵͷϣŷڣļõĴϣҲûϲζǲϸֻΪһؤ
մ۹ϿϤҲԲǰŮӵŵ
Ҫ㲻ҪǰΪһȦˣͻȻһ
һãСǶôİɾǶôıģȴӡ
巣ȻǹݣȻԼöŹ
£Ǹ簡߸硣Ķȥÿǰҵͷ
磬硣Щµ̧ͷ磬
硣˫ȭ֨֨졣
ھǱߣҴȥòá
ѽѽվмϲ֡
ȥǣ
ؽ
ǡ
ιĿһõͨһѵҪطӳȥ
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үһֱţĲ֪ôӳȥġ
ȥ顣
ǡ
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Ӱ˵ͷһֱΪֻ֪Ժ֣û뵽ˢӣȻô׵ľȣҲǸ򵥵Ľɫ
Ĵ𣿡
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ס
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İŮӣĸףã巵ϣôܲޡ
ǸᣬҪ已úλ׽ֻҪĶҪһһĶ
Ҫң
СѾͷæ˵ͷ
׽һ۴ڵҹɫô£粻УȻʱԼ
ȥ˵ҽˣʱ鹬ҡ
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£׽Ƴһۣ浱ɵ²Ǽ£ǰȥĿİɡ
˵ǹڻϵҪЭ̡
ô׽ûӵָͣһ£׵ĺĵĿǰѾͷβӦһá
׽Ѿͷǰţȴĸ˶ӡ
һ·߹·ߣǧתƺһϤĵ·
ֱǿյĹ͢ϼֱֱӡ׽ʶһϵط
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׽ȻԴ󣬾ȻҶǰ
巣ҲǹţΪ˾ȾУɲ֪ıԸͬʱҪ˶ҵߡ


043   ֻǶԭҵĶ

Ƕûиˡǰ˼
үڻȻǲصǡ
ֺֺЦĿҿΪڳԴô
Դף׽ȻƳһۣʱȻҲǰˣߵ˶
֪үʱԼʲô£
㿴⳽µĴýɽôϵġ
׽˰Σ漴㷴ӦҪ췴
췴ֻǶԼĶѣƾʲôϣֻΪǵճǱʸ񣬸һ֮
𣿡ϣȻǰյһ£ˣļƵֻ̫࣬ҲΪʲôϻʵѡ巶ûѡɡ
ߵĶ˲ţôƱػΪһ;ߵľЩ֪ߵغСˣôʹλҲסλá
ǽվˣǱ֪Ρ
Ҫ𣿡
ô᲻ҪѵСʱһĿ֣ĵ˵Ҳޣ
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⡭㰮ϵ巣һôɺ޵ˡ
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ôҲû뵽鶼ǰգĸĸֵܽãΪְֺ޵ɵġ
ɱľǣӣ԰Ρ


044    λ

үѾĴˡ
˱еĲ裬Ǻò衣
үϺͽ˭ܻӮ
ûϻ䣬𣿡
⡭ŵȻľүЩ
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045   û

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046  ϣչ˺

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049   ޶㲻

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051  

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052     Զܵʺ

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053   Ҵ

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054  Ȼ

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055   õļ

ʺѪ˳ҲѱȾ죬巿Żİ׽Ƿڶϣô϶ǺںӰɣĺӡ
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002      Ѿҵ

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׽⣬ߣҲߣȥĵطȥǲҰܲ鶼ǡ
ڹҲûж٣Ҳȶˣ֪ɷԸң
Ȼһôƽ͵˵ǳǳЦݡ
ȥ鶼ǿһۣҲȥԼĹҡ
üȴӲͷƤſ죺ֻҪϲﶼԣǴϺӣһ𡭡
׽ĻӾúõĴڹɡ
ɻĿһۣķİѺӷڹ
ֻңòã
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巣Ӧûúչ˰ɡ
ֻǺӣĺӣ׶Բ㣬ܸĸ۰


003   ҲӻҰ

ʲô˼ǰ׽ʱͻ˺ӡ̫ޱգôõӣû뵽Ȼ巵֡
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үү÷һֱźӣһּѵĴš
ôˣɩأ
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ȽҲæ˹
Ѿҽˣ߰ɡ
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׽ڴĲԭǿ鶼ǣѾǶϱڲԫ
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鶼ǣԲݲԭֵҲһƬ
΢ɫĳԽߣԽú䡣
ۿ鶼ǣȻûпĵط˷ǡ
ȿȣ׽
üһԵĴת
Ű׽ϳǽϸָϤıԵһ棬ȴҪ̮ģ
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ܿΪģòÿȥ巣ȥ̽Ϣȴ֪ʱЩ䣬ԭ巵ĸǡ
УǱ԰СʱϲǱߵǧ
Ǳߣǵ֮ǰʱܻԱģ¡
һֱڲͣ˵ţͼ׽Ļ䡣
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Сʱڽ߾ҸģΪ͸ĸֹ͸㳳
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ͻȻ뵽Ҵһϣܰȥùô
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巣ûңʲôû˰ҪһŶӣҪ໤ͶⷽȴȫС
ԣԲѾΪķ˰ഺұҲĲ
Ű׽󲽵ţӭɻĿ
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ްɣȻȥĵӹ׼뿪
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ͣס˽Ų̧ųǽϵһϮ£ǳǳЦ⳯
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ųصĲӣôҲŲ߾ͺˣôû뵽û뵽ǹ֧Լ
ŵһֱֱĴ¥Ϲȥ
ϣϣ˰˰


004  Ķô

÷źߵķɿ죬ܸоټȺԼүһ¶ˣ϶̫һֱ뺦ǲŹСӵġܡһȺæ׷ˣѸٽΧ
Ϊ׵Žվϣ߰ĿŵµˣҡҡͷѺӺ罻ǲ
ŤͷмЦӿԸ㣬롣
ҪƲԳԷƣܶǱˣ
ΣƾôЩˣܴĹ˫ֲֻܵм̬ȡ
ȣһĸ֣ôЩˡ
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ЦԼӣôĺôӣǸƳһۡ
Сǵϵĺӡ
˸飬һץס÷ĸ첲˵ʲô
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ĽУȴܵУһУҡ
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罫Ͷ÷ߡ
÷ӻڻУ˼
ܣûšŽϷԾס˴ȥ·ѺӸҡ
÷ͣţȴץøӽˡ
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˵˭ı棿巵Ŀ¡
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ȴЦ˵ģ֪ĻΪСʱ򡣡
ֵĶӿ϶һҿСֶȻ뵽Сʱʲôˡ
巼һĿƳҧָĺӣĶô


005   ˲

ǵô죬б£ϣľϣˮｦһƬ
ĵĿǽĳǽȻʼռš
ڸס鶼ԭòһȺڷżš
ʱ˭֪ˤ˾ͲܻлôܻôѰһﰲοˡ
˶Ĳɡκãһεζ˳ɡıԵϡ
ϣ̫ˣȻȥɡ
˭޷ֹ޷ֹ׽ȥʬ壬ҲҪҵϣæ˹ȥǺµһʱ˶ϲģȥʼš£Զְ˻ûкáû˿ԥƿǰˣͷԼģմȫһͷ˿ҲѽʪУ˶ǲţڿǰķ棬ֱ˫׾ռѪڿֻһϮµʱ˶̱ȥ

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һȭǽϣôû뵽ɩӽˣȴû뵽һ㡣ôˣ已֪ʱźվſڣע⵽ڵЩ졣
ǡ˵ӡ˹ûӽʲôסصؽġ
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ӵ֣𡣡己İƭôãôǲӦø㲹أ
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ڵϺԼľƣﻹקǼ£ͻȻЦ㵱潫ʲôң㣬ӣ㶼Ҫ
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ͣҪ̤ŵĽŲ˶Ӳĺʲôʹһİô鶼ȥ
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û˵꣬ע⵽ǰĵ˳ȥ
ˣ϶ȥ鶼ˣջֵ״ûߣôܶһ˽ȥѺչ˺á罻һ㼱æ׷ȥ


006   Լ

ס巿Ҫ̱ﻹŲǻɩҲӦ⸱⾰ȴһľûУЩ˵ͨˡ
֣ҪģȽȥû׼ɩѾˡһֱھİ巣޷Ҫǰ׽ûˣǶԻǶĴ
Ǹճĺӡ
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һ˳߿ȥֻı·ȻžƶԺ
ڿտķôĹµȥẹֻ̈ʣǲĥļ䡣
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ʱ㷢ģ磬Ψһ׽ԷƸꡣ
ٶһߵĺΣһŮҡҷˡ
һƳһЦһһգ


007    ԶĹ

ֻ֡һţĺӻڲͣĿƺӦˣԼûĸףĸʣ˿ҲѾһλꡣ
Դ鶼ǻսԼ˷ԲȣҲ˵һ仰ӱǰûпһۡ
֪ӣð׽״վ£Ϊ׽Żᱻصڡ
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ҲǺǸӣֻҲȥҴй¡
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һϮվڴڤ룬Լһȵľã״ź£ܳ
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ģǳ˵Сò
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ۺӣȴ޷״δɩ߳ʹȥԼһԼĶӣҲȥҲδ


008     ӦǺ

ˣСǳԵ⡣Ȳͣǳ⣬ֱĲ˶ѵСɽһߣҲûꡣ
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СǳôһСӣȥΣգҪǷʲô£ô
ᱣСġǳôĿ磬ʵ˿ûа취ôǳһ˳ȥ
Ȼȥںǳһʲô£Ǳ˭ʹġ
СǳͳͷɣԹԵĴŶú縧ͷĿʮĳ硣
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̧ߵ㣬µ㡣һʦר־Ľǳ书
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վոաĶӣȴһٶΪ֪ȥӽֲ֪͵ĺǲǻ
ӦǺİɣô꣬ûԹһηûеĺһ֣ûбô⺢ӣӦú
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ػϣ˺ܶطûҵү䡣
ǹһĨЦô꣬ѲǵǸΪһŭСӣߣ֤϶ʮİա
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ĸߣĲǸСɫ
ֻǿϧѽϧ巣ߣû˿ԸҪЮĶ
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ԼڵĵģȴǵǸڻĺӣ⼸꣬ϥ˲ãϲģվ޼뿴巺Ķӣİ羰


009   ׼黨ǲ

СǳС׼˺öóԵġһ˵һ߽ĳԵĶ
ǳƳһۣ첻˵
ӴƢˡǳ۵ȥȻĵ˵˵ôһСӳȥܸʲô
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ã壬ȥʲô
ǳͷ˼˺ܾã˵˵ǲǲ͵ΣȥõĴ򣬸β
ϵЦݽų̾һСǳСǳ֪еĲǴβõģĲҩҽĲֻһֻǿϧǸѾԶˡ
㶫˵õĺܣӱһȫأ
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УҪŮȥסһòʵ
ɲУȥ֪𣿡üסĸ첲֪
Ҫ֪Լ֣ģҲǴȥһˡһŮ˵ˣСӾͲճչͻͬĿЩˡ
ֻʯĳϣֻϵľ巣оĲѡʹ£ΪСӣӦȥޱŮˣңҲҪ̽һ
磬Բûסεվ巵ǰ
ÿüȥˣֻǲ룬һȻǳ磬Ȼôĵӣ
磿̽Եĺ
أϣȥ׷
ѵΪʲô翴һ㶼ںģϾڻûзѰǣǳ˭磬ҪǱǡ
巰ѹüģ֪һȥұڤˣߣôһͰĺˣôѵ˵ĳȶӲԼĶҹԼףȴѡһζĺӣⶫȴܴȥѰǰ˸ӴŵһӰӣ


010  ڤöԸ

ǳһ·ϸŶ絹ҲɣǣΪʲôҪһŪ˻ƲߴģžһӪӣϵ·ҲԵø
壬ΪʲôҪ
Ϊ˲黨ǲݡЦ¿ڤϳڳµĵؽᱻץס
ǳĵ˵ͷСȸŶš
⳽ҲƳһۣΪλʲô»Ҳˡ
ڤֹԼģϵĸ֣ԽԽˣ⳽巣һ棬ֻʣʧȥ¡
׽ŮˣǸ
ڤǱߣǳˡ
⣿ڤüӦλӰɣǰͲ鵽ĸطߣԼһֱǸˣֻǿϧѺôӭҪôǱܶҪôֱӾܾһ˵Ҫ󣬹ǸϺꡣ
ڤͻȻͣһ£оߵϢ΢΢ϸü
ߡ֪˭ҵĺӣ⸱ģߵƲмЦźǱ۵ˡ
һ£ڤ˿ġ
ǳһ£ֻöסֽһ£漴Ȼͣס˽Ų
ڤŲ˼ǵλ
µıһ˿ЦݣڤǿˣһֱŶڼûмô̡
ӣڤһԵǳΣֿ򶫷磬ǰԳҵģûмˡ
ӣƹˣǳʱȻһ¡
һ˫ûмӣϤִż˿İİþòУϲмˣ񡭡
ǡ
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ֻ϶˼˿룬һЩмӸµĿĳЦ֮⡣
֪λҪȥ
ֻ䡣
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⺢ĪǿϱˡϷŰЦ
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㣿ǳҡҡͷԼ˰ɡ
СԴͣҡƲëͷСڳЦò
ˣʱˡڤһۣȥ
ȥ˸ǡ
ǡ
ڤɵӣôˣ֪ݵˣڤûʹСӣʲôĿģҲŹ
ǳԶȥıӰþղĿ⣬׾ͳ𣿿ⲻãԽһۣԽףӦǸ˰ɣŻõô궼û
СӣǸûȥˡ
ҿԡ
ԡ統Ȼ֪ҪʲôðգȻѾˣҪǳĴȥ
Ȼ֪ڤ˲öԸֻϣɲҪʲô۶ӡǳͷмʧһ̣ͻȻԼף롣


011    ɽС

ǳͣţʱﻳɻΪʲôڤͻȻǣʲôĿġ
ҿӣӦʲôˣô˭أ
壬Ӻ۰ǳͻȻͣ
ɵĿСһƶˣʱֶûʲô¡
ۡǳȥһСͺֽһ԰ף۵СҲȱʧˮ֡
ۣ
ǳĵ˵ͷ
Ҵȥ򣿡š
ǳĺĶû˵һ仰
ü΢Ķ
˭
䣬ֻĵĴӲݴ˳ϻų
ǺӶһۡ
ӿǣסֽһ¡
ûмǴǸոڱڤߵˣû뵽ȻôͻԼˡ
ӦûвµԼݣҲֻ
ǳСӡ
ģһᴦġ罫Լǰˣ֪λǸҸʲô
ֵܶ˾þɽϽ˹Ӵźӣں
ˣҲ˳˵Ļǿˣ𣿡
ȥ
θɣСӣߡǣǳС־׼뿪
ӣһ˵ָոմ϶ļֻһϮѸٵĽǸ
⡭ô£
Ҳ׷׽ƺûüͷǳߣǲһüʹߵǳҲˡ
ô£
ͻȻһգżĿܣﻹҵõǳӰ
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˵ط飬ǲ˻¶ô£ڤһͷ£
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˵Ҫȥİ˵ļңôҪô죿Ӻۡ
ǳţֻԺһ˫ůĴסС֣漴ģǰǼЦݡ
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ôǸüԼ
ˣһΪ˽ǳ΢΢̧СԴ㿴ǰһŵˮòϸü£һ˫Ц۾촽ʼմǳǳЦ⡣
ò޷վȣȴ˶ۿۡ
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ҺºҩܿࡣǳС˵š
ôϸϸĴǰСкʱҲԼǰ˵Һºҩܿࡣ
ҩ࣬ôβأ


012    һٵһе

ӽҩϣĵ˰죬֪ʲôȻֽҩ˸ǳ
㳢ü
ǳŶҡҡͷ
ӽҩǰġ
ǳŰɣǰ㣬һڣ㷢ǿɬҩȻһζ漴ֶһ㣬һ㽫һҩˡ
ͷתҩϣʲô
ңǳһ漴ֿЦҽǳ
ǳܺ֡ǵЦݣͺһ磬ǳϣů͡
Сǳû˸㣬ǲҪܵġ
ǳҡҡͷ
ӹЦ˵ĻƲߴΪԼʲôϵأ
壬˭
ҡͺˣװ˼һ
ǵȴȴžӡ
Ŷǳڴϣ˵ֱһ˫ĵĿеһ䷿Žգʲô
СǳʱΪˣǸطɲܽȥǺεȵľע⵽ǳĿⱻ˹ȥ
桭
סһһܻһе
ǳ˰죬ȴôҲ仰
壬ƭʲôֻʲôı
ʲôˣˣżĿŶ磬Сǳȥôһô˾ͶˣҪô죿
ӣµĴ
巴Ļأûоҵͽȥ磬ôĵӡ
巵ᣬǶ绹ޱȵŭҺǻ˱ˣ巿϶᲻գ۵ɱġ
磬ڲʦʱ򣬾ôҲ֪ǵȥˣǻǿҵҿСǳ
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£ҪӵģˣڤûǸڶƤ´ڤȻ˸٣Ͳʹֶδˡ
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己ӣĲǰİˣĶӣȴζ¡
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ǳŷˣھ׽ʲôûζĶ˼ȫ
С϶ᵣĵģС壬ôأ᲻ᵣĳֻã鷳ˡ
Сǳļ
ڡھ
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һ£ִĻϱԵøء
һڤϢ湻ͨġ
ţҳȥһ¡˵գתγȥҪڤʲôҵټֻûʲôĵ¡


013  

ǳһڷϣСԴͣƳǼյķӣʹȥתһ룬İ˵ļȥվǲõġ
ǡĵĿɨǼӡ
һٵһе
ǳС˹ȥſڵʱ΢һ£ַϣ˼£ҲΪ
ôŮϸŷﴫ
ǳһ£棿ˣŮˣ
ʲôҲѹ֣ϲûʲô
ô˵Ů
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Ҷþûм̫ˡĻ̫ã˻¡
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㣿Ůһ£˭
ѵ֮⻹һŵﵹһ˿⡣
벻ǣ˾Ȼһӡ
ҽǳ㣿ôǳͨ϶һڵˣȴӰӶ׽
ǳǳ
ǳоŮеǳЦЩʧ䣬һ̧ͷȴֲûǳǰʧ
ˣ
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ˣˣŮ΢΢𣬷ϣһӣˣ뿴һȥһ
ĺӡҲӦ˰ɡ
㡣ӦǳֺǽݵţҲŮӵҲĶ죬ոյһֻһΡ
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ڤƵǰĵĿűڤ
ү⼸ǹڤĻ⣬šü
СϲɽˮЦˡ
һɽˮЦڤÿɷЦ֪ϲһɽˮǰЦأ
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㣬׽ģڤɫͻȻĿ
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鶼Ծ£ˣȴվǰʰ׽أ
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˼̫ܣжǳ֣֮ûбҪҪһһָǰ׽ôҲ˵ġ
ô˵;ҲǾѣѵλˣ뱾ȥһҪжı¡
Цڤҳ֮ңȻǰȻӦȥʹһ»ϣǸɽҰһ𡣡
ɽҰԼ
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ЦñҹڤȻҪֶȥΪһŮˡ
ȻˣǱҲǿˣɲҪˣʱͻ㡭ǵġڤЦ˻˳ȥ
ӣһܻⲻģҲ


014   磬ֻкҹ

Ŷʱ򣬷ǳѾɵϹԹԵ˯ˣҶ˯еĺӣڣˣһСӶѣʲô뷨
εǰóԿ״ţ㷢ƽʱһһ
һ񣬽Ӳ
˫۵ǰ챱ڤˡ
أһ˿Цݡ
Ҿܾ
ŶĻش֮С
ƽЩˣЦ㲻ô
Ҽô
ʱ
ǰʱҸʲôأ
ĺӣˣ
Ҳ̫ˣʲôܳȥһأô˵һ㽫ҹ꣬Һġ
üҲԣôỳһأ
Ϣתȥţڰ׽ǰǸֵŮӣر𰲾Ŀ£˷ɪЩҪģһֱǡ
ݵĺڰ׽޹ӿǽյš
ط꣬ûһ̲ȥȥ巣Ķӡ
ǱűĴ鶼£Ȼȣþѧҽ֪ôֻΪԼ
ԼԸĻλ
λ̫£µֵܷĿɳ𣬿µһټ
޹ֹÿһΣԶǰյţô㲻޲֣ʱʱ֪˶¡
ˣˣ磬ֻкҹ
巣û꣬ô
㡣
׽Ȼ̧ͷﻹһӣӵĵӵȷܴ󣬾Ȼ֮
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壬׽Ұ׵촽һ˿ǳЦӻ㣬磬ֵȷˡ
㣬ǳþ岻ģΪʲô
ǳԣȥ˯
ǳĶڣ͸ſʲôȴͽ֪ͣΪΣϲ㺰ǳ԰ȴӡǰҲôеĺԼ
㣬ǲǺࣿ
ôûио˰ɡ
㣬ǳ㡣
׽ֻСӵЦӦһ
ǳվſھþòԸ뿪ǲϲôΪʲôӦ
һ˫СЩЩıɫֻôӴﴵķ磬䡣
ȵѾˣüſ˯ŵǳϸü
ǳȴ׵ĺӾȻˮ˲
ͻȻ׵ɫһŵĿ
ǳ۾㷢һֵԾ
塣ĺš
˰ɣȥ
塣ǳͻȻס㡣
ͷһƺ׽ʲô󵭵һЦá


015   ǳǳ

ƿţǳ㼱æ˽ܣֻŮһϮ±Ӱչǰ
㣿ǳǰţֱ߽ŷݵĿ£һŰЩƣĿļչǣӺһͻᵹϸܲ
ĸоǣ㲻ˣȷе˵˫۾һ̶ˮ
㡱ǳСӲһ£˵ֻǺͻе׳ôŮӾǺͻеһģһ
̫ʧȥĹʡ
׽ͷǳͻȻЦԶԶĿ΢Ц
֣ȴͣ˰У˫ֺôҲ
㣿ǻẰǰ뿴׽Сô£
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ǳǳ
׽ڷǳϡ
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ǳˣ׽·ȴ·Ӳ￩һ¡
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׽һͻȻ
αضôĻأ׽԰׵ɫͻȻЦү׻˵ĺãûȫ£õʲôƱػʧȥġ
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ףҪһֱһֱط߲ˡ
ǳǳӺܸߣܺãܼӣҲ޺ˡ


016    ׽

һԿǳԷ̼ǵСʱҲģڷǰŶ
׽װĺܺãȴˣԼɴɱһǧҲϷŹһ
ǳ˭վǲ
塣ǳͻȻסӿɫ԰׵Ŀ¡
üϲۣ
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СǳǳԶˣҪ㿪Щҩ
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үĽҰģʲôˣĿܵľ治֪ΪʲôҪܵطֱһѻֱﲻˡ
ڤƳһۣƣҪݣľɲɵġ
ƹԹԵջ죬˵ȴǷߺ޵˼㣬˵׽ǸѾͷûɱԼú
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ԵǸ׺Ůӡ
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㣿ȥڤɿǳĽǰ棬ɲұ֤Ϻ꣬·ϲʲô塣
ȥȥǳ·ôҲȵϱ̬ľɣֻҪܰ׾ȳһоͶˡ


017   ŮˣӲ

ƿţ׽յƺܺãΪǸӣѾ֪ǸѾӳȥˣ
Ҹ㰮Եܽظ⣿볢ô
׽Ƴһۣ˵
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Ѿɸ봫ֻǼһﲻձҪˡ
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׽ȥһȫ㡣
ȫԻȥ
˽ӲôڤصôȻǱҵˡ
Ůˣ˵Ӳҵĵġڤ˽ڿ׽ʱȻһ
ûлɰ׽ŵʵֻû뵽ôţĲˡ
ǳȥǣס˰׽֡
ü⺢ӣôѱڤˣ
ƿ׽ʱ۶Ĺʣҵ׽ˣ꣬һΣҪð׽ʹ
ڤôҵˡһĨѸ漴ָֻǵȻģ
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ڤ֣˵ŮһҪҵôڣͷү͸ˡ
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ڤжζ𣿡
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㡭ʲôƿһԡ
Цǲ뽫ǣģֻǿϧϧվ˰׽ߣôĶȻ͵ˡ
׽ʧǳСӣûڤƣʳⶾȻҪ۵ġ
ûվڰ׽ߣҡɱġ
𣿡ü
ǣҽҩھͰɱ˰׽
ƣڤ֪ŮãǸ
үھ㰡ֻҪֻҪ׽ˣһжˣԼرҹڤңҲԼ߰
ƣҲ̫Լˡڤ𱡴ЦҪҪڤΪϵοҲҪŰ׽ĽɫЩǰ
ƶݺݵĿŰ׽޲ýѽǧУŮˣԼһУƺ޲ھ͹ȥ˺ķ顣
ƣҪ㣬͵ҿļֵĵЦţ漴óһҩֱӸ˹ȥ
£úõΪ£Ȼ㡣
ƼæҩȥȻվԱߡ
׽ϸüưƣӣǶϲκ˵ģµģ¸ʲôʹĶ


018   ܺ

ιСӣÿڤûĿһֱڰ׽ߵǳ޲ý˦ȥ
ǳһץס׽ָһ¡
ǵģ˭Ҳߡ
СӣŲűӳȥ
Ǹ£Լܳȥˡ
㣡øëͷⲻñҹҪʹõСᱻط
ǸȻĵ
ڤŰ׽ͻȻЦŮˣû뵽ǻķʽ档
ǧ֣ȳ߽رҹû뵽ǣȻһ˫˫ˣôĵݡ
ô㻹ϣˣ׽𱡴Ц
Ůˣڤҹûô
㽫ǳعã
ǱΪһЦ˵ʹ巳ǳأҲ˽ɽ
׽ɫ֪ûһӮֻǿϧϧԼ׸
̸ǰΣ书ȫϣһ˲ӣߣֻᵢ
㡣ǳᵽڤɵĿ⣬ѸٸĿڡ
׽ִͷϣõٴαůҹҹϣгһգԼĶվԼǰڣˣΪԼƺĺܺá
巣巣׽ףˣ巿϶ҲԶȴ룬ģǸôˣǸˡ
ں£ܺ¡
үôʲô˰ɡ
ܣҲү˭õıҹôᶷһ
˵ǱϾ˹ƶˣҪȥүɡ
Ѹ˵㵱еĽ
ȥ˭бϣĿǰѶϵļˡ
˭һ˲Ŀ
˲֪ôࡣվֱӣǰ˼ûмǴǱڤˣ
ñҹҲܺģ
ҹһƳһۣǵأ
ǲʶ磬ȴʶǰ巣һɱ˲գ̵ۣĻϡ
һͷð˶ĺ飬˼
㡭Ҫʲô
ڤȥ
ƾʲôҪ㡣
ôȷߣ巿ĵм˿ɱǸϲϻˣϲЩ˷ϻ
ԣõĽǡ
ǰסһ˵Ĳӣ˵
⡭⡭˼ǿ϶򲻹巵ģο߻ôһ֣ӣǡ
үȥˡ
ϸüڤ鱨㣬Ȼҵ

ǡҲֻ֪֪һСӹү˵˼仰ү͡ˡ
ǳһ㶣˵ʲô
˵Ǳһһź·ȻȻүͼȥˡ
һĲȣַһԵľһź·ñڤôŵģǲǾֻС
ⲻܣѾˣǰ˰
꣬ǧֿܣǾǺһûĿܣǣôܣôأ
ӣҿǻȥɡҲµ˰֡
áҪȥڤ


019    Ҫ

׽ƶŷ˽˹漴㽫˷һԵϡ
Ǻþò
׽Ƴһۣ𻰣صؽеط϶ʲôĿģڣƺ̫ʺϸۡ
ָ̫ˡ
ͻȻЦ㣬ҽϲԵķˣ𣿡
޸ܡ
һԼ꣬Ϊֺñڤ˶ȴʼֻа׽ǸΪΪһӵˣǱڤȻꡣ
ʵ˵ף˽׽ˣţΪ׽û˼Ҳָơ
꣬˰׽ꡣ
ް׽ڼһ̣ףи
޲Ҫ
׽ҺúøķɲҪƲԳԷơ
أҪô׽ĵĿ
ҡһѰ׽°ͣݺݵĿΪʲô㻹ڸӣʲô㻹ң
ôԷǱˣԹԾͷƣ㡣׽촽ЦΪ㣬һֱǵģﵱڱڤﵱӦú𣿡
׽ƺ޲ھһ˽ʱ򻹲רԼʹ׽
ŭˣ׽Ц֪Ƴ
ҽȥƶ˵ķ˵ݵǰ
׽ͷȥ
ԣɿ֣еǷԣ׽ɲҪˣҾʺ󣬾Ϊ㣬Ϊ已ƱҪȥôԣôΪңô˵Ҳ꣬ȻҲмһˣⶼΪ㡣
׽ӣԭڱȻô࣬ˣ˱ںˣ巡
׽Ҹ㣬һᵱ巵ɱģҪ˭ʺˣ㣬㲻Ǹͣһӣˤ˵ϣŭˤŶȥҪ׽죬һһ
Сӣʲô֣
ǳŤͷһĵԼףͲȥ
ǱڤϷŹǺεȾˣôԵ޹ʹѺһӣһİ׽ôС׽
ôСӣǡ
Ӧðڤȫûһǰ׽ĵط
һҲûŴǰƤ
ʶǸŮˣ
Ůˣǳͷ
׽
ǳһȻŤͷȥ˰β˵㳤ĺÿҺϲ
۹⡣ڤˬʴЦ
ദĺ죿׽ǿӿǰһ˵ľˣһͿܻᵹµ֡
ǳûıͷУദˡ
ڤҲûʲôĺøУϾͲСӣѾʼ˰
Ȼ뵽ʲôȥס˰׽ôˣ
ڵңڵ׽˿ǽϣЩĿ
ЦȻǵˣѾͷñŻᣬһúýѵ
û¡׽ҡҡͷֽĿͶǳ֣ſ죺
㡣ǳ۵˹ȥԱߡ
ǳҵĶӡ׽Ŀǲ˵һ仰Ҳܸܵĵĵķڣûв´϶뷽跨巣һ
ΪλѾı˶꣬˼̫ʺϵϡ
ģһֱڹĲԭϣкڵĹƽԲȥȥƽϣһųƵԲ


020    

ϣ²ˣϡ
ôţϸü
ϣˣ
ʲôһϣôܣн䱸ɭϣ˭Ҵ빬ȡ塣
ȥ鰡
⡭⡭ŲŽĶ
ʱɫ԰ףֽ˺ɷ顣
ϡ߿ɫе㲻ԣ㱧źǰʲô
ԼȥЦһ֮С˵ĵ
ӣЩ黹ǽȥɡ
ô¶һ˿Цݣô˰˾ǳأ
ֻǱڤȣ
˭һ˶ŹȻԼȥôȥȡˣزʲô֮һе档
үһű㱻ŵŵȻһ˳ᢣһжУԽñԽе¡
ʱƣһľǰʲôʲôᱻµһ
ˣƷԼĲ裺
Ƽæ˹ȥϵʱһ˫Ȳмıȥʹ͵
ÿôָ壬¶һĨײЦݡ
һ£˵
ֻҪģԺ⳽µĻʺΣ
ʺʣȻȤǻʺǶ˵Ǹջ⸱ģôԺ˻ϣ¹͢Լ
һʲôˣҲÿκ˵ɫˡ
үкηԸ

˹ȥ
㣬㣬ôˣǳŰ׽ͷðĺ飬ɫ԰ףʱԲѵСͺݺݾһš
ڤͷһϣ
㡣ǳѾˮҪ֪ԸףҲùܡ

ڤҪŭƶŷ˽
أڤץסֱۡ
ү³ȥˣֵչǣǸǳԵġ
ɱ㡣
ƿŰ׽ԼҪأôŹ׽
ĳ֣ڤ˵Цɣɱңôڵ㣬ͺͨûʲôôĹҡ
ơڤݺס˫ȭ
ǰɣ׽ǾɲһֱڵԼһҽΣⲻڶ˶֨
˵ţƱŷǰ
ǳԼ嵲ǰ档
ƴЦ㲻𣿽˳Եġ
ǳŤͷš
ϣǺͰ׽µ䣬ˣűڤ첻Էû£ϾǸӣصʣû뵽Сôʶ̧٣Ǿ͹ֲˡ
׽㲻ǶҰҸ㷹ԡƶ𷹲ڰ׽ǰΡ
ķ˴ڤƣ˵ڱסˣǱʲô
Ұһ׽ҿӲȥΪ巻ˣһһӶ㣡
ڤһֽƸ
·űڤĵЦ˵ڤ꣬ûнⶼˣ巣ʧܡ
ʲôʱҪˣ
һǵ˳ȥ
壬㡣ǳԱڤƺѾôųˣϾʱҲֻܾװɡ
ڤüܣطĳȥôȥǳ⡣
ͭǽڣͺһΣδǳȥ
Сӣģţһӡ
ǡֵǵĿŰ׽ȥؼ׽ͻܲˣ˵һˡ
Ǹ


021   

ӣ϶šӲ鿴ŵϵĻݲݣб˲̤ĺۼôﵽ˭
˭
һӰѸȵת㷢Ѿ˹ȥ
Ϊǰ׽ɣһΡ
룬缱æ׷ȥ
֪׽ȴ̲סȥĨµĲ
ĽŲ죬ҲɣֱŴ󲽸ȥ
ǰû
ӣ缱æסطǷˣǻСΪϡ
巵Ƴһۣɿ֡
û֪֪׽ܻŵ飬꣬ûһ̲׷ȥǳĶӣ
ôڣһأҲԸ
ӣΣæȥ
Ůվƾɵڣſڣ΢΢վٲĳɢԺдŵкĵ⡣
ҵİ˼ȴͻȻͣ
巣þò
ûôڣҪ㳢ʹζ
ӣСģһȣڿƵʱѾףһлƺõԤı
ģǱڤֻ
ֻͷͣԭӲȻ̱ȥĵĿơ
ӡ֪ѾƵĶĸоӿͷĵӣǵŪĶ
巣û뵽ɣû뵽һƾӸµĿǶ˴Ц
ڵȵһˣ˺þãȵĶˣ巣磬˶䵽ϣôڣ͵ˣһ£ˡ
ôǳµĻʺ巺˵ģȻҪԼȡһҪõ
үˡ
¶һ˿Цݣƽĵһһԣ˰ɣȱ衣
лү
ûж룬豭һɻϸüүʲô衣
ôһǡҩ
ʲôһ豭ﻬ䣬ˣǰһʲôˣôĻ
ؿںڲͣķֻǧڸʴ࣬ȻϷƱɫ
ֱѪ˵ϣڵǰˡ
ģľȥûɱ˰׽ûеõλ
ǿԸصڱҹӣԲʶڤΪϸ£ôҲͲ⸱³
ЦЦ
ƳһۣģֻܹŮ̫ɵɱ۾ԼһֱҪĶ֪巺ˣ׽ˣǲɰˡ
ⳡϷԽԽÿˡ
үˡ
ô죿ǳǳЦһ֣Ǳ㽫Ƹ̧ȥ
ñõȣջȷܴߵѽߵܣһΣҪûסԼİŮˡ
б£ģû
겻绹СһϮ˹ʱȥ˻ʵ۵Ĺԣһܼܵ겻ֳУȴû˿˷ܡ
ߵĺõȡĵ˵
ߵܣЦܲ˰ɣѾ˻λνǸøĸˡ
ü˫ıӵ裬˰β˵ߵ⽭ǴģӦһϣôߵܵĽϱ˶ˣǲҲҪΪأ
һϣĲˮҲľƵϡ
ϸϸƷζŲˮô꣬ôⱩӻûġ
㬵֪ˣʲô


022   ˣɱǲɱ

ֵôûˣڴɣ˴Ƚϼªϣߵ㲻Ҫ黳豭
ٶˮһ꣺ﲻǸɵģ콫
Цϵ˳ζţ˵֪ܺǲġ
һĿǳµӣͳµģһүʲôʸ
ôԣ˵վ;
Ϊ᲻һһ䣿ֻ֣ԭصĽ׷վ඼Źǳ
Ӵôˡǰģ
ǲҲҵˣصķϣ漴ӽΧռˡ
ܣЦ˿ӣȥôˣǡ
һУȴǰòᡪ
ذ׼ĲϣǷԴͱסˡ
ͷ㻹̫ˡ
ͷסҪһˣҪǱסһӵġ

䣬ֻһѺŰ׽˳˶Ϊ֮һ
Ϥӣ˫ҹȴ۾Ǹˣھͻվǰ
û֪ʱľûһ̲ٺڣڲýߣǺڵѵĲϡ
ڣˣˡ
ߵܣ㿴ˣҪעôĵЦ֪ԻȰ׽Ϊ
˿ǳգΪһԼŮˣҲɵɵȥ
˹ȥŻԲѣȴǽڲϵˡ

ʲô
ģ̫ˣֻҪⳡսͿԺúϢ

ҪǷˡһֻ֣ıڤǳ̱
ǳһ׽ɱ˹ȥ㣬㡣
㲻ӦúǳҵĹֶĻͷȴǼ˵ͷϡ
ŵĿǰֻݵСӣǡĶӣǰӦóΪӵĺӣ
Сӣ㣡ڤͺһѹ֣ȻСӵĵŮ˵ĶӣȻڤʲôˣ
⻵ˣס
һТ˳ĺӣƭȥˡ
ǳǳǳĺ巡
ֶӦ壬ܷӦҵҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ󣿡
һɱ˱ڤڶﻮһĨɫɱǳ
벻˾үۡڤһνЦ
⡭ΪѵĿǰİ׽ɱ˱ڤضºͱҹսɱǳ׽һԭǱڽϺͰ׽ѡ
תתǻصԭ㣬Ϊ˻λ׽ôأ
Ǻôɱǲɱ
㲻ʲôҪˣɱСӣŮҲǻˣǰܾôأѰ˭Ծȣڤһƽյ֣һ˵š
ʼҵ·ģǰ׽ȴܶĶӣѾ˷꣬Ϊʧȥһꡣ


023   

ߵƺҪܳʱ˼ε˰׽ߣҪҪҰأ
Ľһ£Ȼ˼ϣȻҪʲôǿԵġ
Ű׽ǹһ˿޵ķȹˣҪסˣԺˣȻԸΪһЩ£ֺαصš
ſסǳȥסӣȴͽ͡
ǳĶӣԼҲ붯Ϊòô
ſңſңǳС屻ںڵӺݺݵĵ
ǲֻҪҴͱڤͻ
Ȼ
ãǾȴǳڶԸڤĺӸ˳ȥǳϣԺͶڵҡ
ǳֻ˶ڿУɸߵͣԽˣˤȥ
Ҫǻǰ϶ϣԼ׵ģǴʱ˿̣ߣȴӵ
ĸ꣬䵭Լ꣬Լĸףôһܿġ
ôǲǣҲǵǳˡ
ǳֻһůĻŵĿǰ巣գգ˼۾
ǳСֻ巵Ĳӡ
ҵĶҲҶĿĿƳһԵİ׽һϢĸо
ûô꣬չˣ
ֲһ£ȥһϤȴӣİͻȻúңܻš
ˣʱͺúõվԼǰ
ǣȡ֮ޱȵķŭ꣬ʲôӣԲã˯ãûɣ
һûɣŵ¶ӡ
׽ɵŮˣվǻصˣôұҲſ֡
ϸüưµȷǲο
ˣƲο첻ĿĴɣҲŻҵͶ硣漴
أǣɶ˰ôأ
Ҷô
ϿɩͱǶˡ
ü´Ҳ̫أôأֻҪİ׽бڤˣ֪˻˭ͷϣô
£ǶܣڤĿ巣óı¾Ůˡ
û뵽ñڤҲˮһ档Ц
Ÿ˵
һȽţҲûҪص˼ֻǿˣȻվӣʮ꣬Ҫ׵ˡ
Լ˫ȣλô䵽ϣ˵ȥˣҽƣȴ޹ѰһλҽԼѧ˶ҽܽκá
Ǹʱ㷢ģһҪԭĶԣ׽ɱ''ӹʱ̫ҽˣֳ֮졣
û뵽ȻȣȻ˰׽Ȼһᣬ鶼¾°׽Ϊľһ졣
Ƕ巻һõ
ǰ˼ֻʱ䣬´뿪ȻͱҶһˡ
ڤüǰŲ˼Ҳڵ²ͣ˹
Ȼˣôһ¡
һ

ù˳Щ
ĳӺĲϣڤƣӣδ
ŮҪţûĳģΪһ˶Ů񣬺οĿǰûҵŮ˸Լϲˡ


024   뿪

ǱҹȻ
һ᣿
᣿תԼҪ𣿾˰׽Ҳˣôһʹ졣
ڤ̸Ҫȱ˭ĵ𣿡
ڤüûа֮ǰ°׽඾δ⣬֣϶䡣
ԣĿͶ巣ֻҪԸ⣬ôƴȫҲ°׽
ûôõģҪôˣҪô
ûʲôĸоȻ֪ڤӣǽȻ˶졣
Ű׽ôһɣİᣬһжֵ
Ľһûȥֻó̽࣬ȻʺѪ˳Žֱڵϣһʢõ壬ô
ͷŵ巻İ׽վˣ巡
ϧѽϧķ⣬ûܺúõһͣҹıûܴ
뿪ˡ
Ըʼҵˣʼҵ̫£áʧ˱ԣమ˷ֿ
Ըһͨˣһ
巼æŰ׽뿪
ϣҪҪ
ִĻ巼еıӰ뵽ʱе飬⼸ֻ꣬Ҳ˲
Լ㲻ôʹ࣬ǰӳǽµһ˲䣬ԼӦףˣʮ巣ǿĽֻܾˣôΪʲôҪһֱǿأ
߰ɡ
Ӧûչ˺ģһֱˣİǽߣҸ
һŮӲڣȻˣӦõõġ
ǳǳ׽һ±оѣǰʱ˶
ˣôȻῴ巣һΣֻгֵô
׽֣̽Եǰ巣󣬸Ѷ촽һĨɬЦݣԭﶼôʵ
Ҳҡ
׽˵ﾪһ£ϤʱˣҲˣȥεܼˡ
ޣһֱڡ巽ӵ뻳УҲڣҺõû׷ȥôδ
ǳС죬ʲô£׾ͲˣΪʲôԼȥȴһֱ治ⲻƽ
ιŮ˵ĶӣڤǳģɳŻɵ̬ȣô˵СҲǳĿԵģôһôòĶӣ
ȻҿǴĻѪͳΪ˶ĿŲòαװģġ
ڤʱȻӣ˲Ϊʲô»ҪôһСӦԼֵ
ڤ壿ǳ̽ԵǱ߿˿ҲˣҪҪ
Ҫû˵꣬ڤʹĻŮǷô࣬ƾʲô巣ôҲ˵ллɣллʲô˵ڻûãӦøﰲο
ףǳĺ㡣ǳСԴ˰׽Ļĸоãеףһ塣
㲻ô
ûҡǳ¿ɺˣףһҪеĲгٱңҲûһٷҳԣûн书С
ͷ߿ԼҶӣƽҲûôĻô죬ϲ˵ûꡣ
Ůˣûڤҡڵ˽ǳһƨ˴ߡ
ҵλӣǳ
Ҫ𣿡ڤûĿ
ðɣҲǳһЦվס֡
巿ǳ˶Ϊ֮һԣý¹ڶӵϣӦиĵͯꡣ
ãһжδ
Ҫ˵˵Ҫҡ
㻹ǵõµĳǳ𣿡
ڤԵĿʱ˵ʲô˼
㡣׽һԵʥּݸ
ڤʥּһҪ黹ô
û뵽Сӻͦ󷽵ģˡ
ǡԼ
ǳ֮ѻ֮Ҫô
ڤ΢㶿һ£ûпӲվŰ׽
úϢ
˵лл𣿡
Ƿҵġڤеʥּ֮ôð׽Լ
Ȼˣ˵ʲôûҲˣƾʲô
ߣûԼĵطôڣǸ巡


025  β

硣ȴǵ˽滹ɩӵһͼӰˣվڷչɩӡ
¾˵û²ҪǰΡ
粻Ҫ㶼˸׵ˣϾҪһֶˣôһ
ֶӣ巽ĿͶ磬һֵȴʱҲһߵģѵ
СǳϾҪˣӦÿ𣿡
Ŷǳ˵ΪʲôҪġ
㲻˵СҲӡÿ£ǽһ
ڻˣҲСø˰
Сǳ̫ˡ翴磬ܹĶӣССͣѧ۸ˡ
㲻һֱ۸Ǹü
⡭⡭ۡȾ뿪һˣһڣͻ۸Լ˶ӣŮúõһӣСǳ
סСǳڰ׽Ļ
üôСӱбסֵġ
ҪԼĶӣж
˵׻ҪúϢҪˡ
ҪϻҪһ˯ģ㲻Ҫǡ
ʲô巵ɴ۾ǳСӣںεأ
˵ϲǳˡ
׽ЦǳƺܺãӶߣˣҪһȥ䣬ôҲԲò
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