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1ҡŮ

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һ3ߵôΡΡţʱʱҪɴ۾עͷӬһĵ綯гһ࣬ÿ߷ɹһʱĬųӣ̸רҵҲ̸İ
һBMW߷ɳ۶ʱסЦˣЦ˽Ӳ˱䣬Լӵһڣȴ˵ңԶ
ڲŲĵ㣬ȴ÷ǳҲѾ3ˣ̶̵3£ƺûзʲôı䣬ֺı˺ܶ࣬أ175cmߣԭ70kgԷԾٶ½55kgˮ߿ԽΪ˱̬Ϸд󲿷ֶǰװݵģһ۸ڵʱĽһ󣬺һԷʱûθڣҲֱԭĳĺˮǮʹﵽʵЧ
֮ǰΪ˼Թַ˺ܶԩǮҲûܣЧȴôԣóһۣеļʷƭǮģҲΧһص㣬ʳйһսʱھ˵һ仰ǡǸıǮڶʲôˣѲˣȴ֪Ŀˡ
屻Ҫԭѹ3ǰǷޣʱѧҵֱӱУ䵽УڴڴɣǸʲ£ÿ춼ÿ춼˵һƫԶѾͷƬܻ쵽ز˸ˣӦ֪ˣһΪˣ˶ΪһѧĻԻĶˣһҲڱ˵Ľ֮й滮ԼƻдһʼǱƩ˵ʲôʱ̸ʲôʱΣʲôʱ򰴽򷿵ȵһʮ֮ǰһǸҪǿˣںڴ˼¾θɾڴ˿̣ȴȻȻѡ뿪ѧУ쵼⣬˸ǲ⡣
ѧУ쵼ĽǷݹ׷ģһԼڼˣȴҲõɣΪѾᣬѧμӹѾ27ˣǸ27ĸǼˣӦ£ҪصļͶ
ûʲôѧʣûµʱָָܰ㣬ĳЩͷ㣬һ۴ְڼסһʱ䣬ǶʱᵽʲôʱȥֲԸȥͨͶԼС֣ʼĥԼ
ɣһۿԳƵʣŮѧУʱ׷˿ų飬ȴʼûжͷΪҪͷأǵȵ͵ʱѾĻƽ䡣
һڼϴ±߻ãǸиĵĹ涨Ҳ֪ĳǴģȢϱǳ޶Ҫϴ￪ʼţһ۱ΪʣŮһûż˼ǼѾͷöʼý˸ܶ
Ǹһȸߵý˵ĶԣıֽʥˣɫɽҪѵöࡣ
һӣҲй˽죬ýŸһ󣬻Ǵ峤ҵĹӸ磬峤䲻ʲôٹˣȻ޽٣ˮزԡһ峤һҲǹһʱ䣬ϷʵĳǳĲɲó¡Ǹϣһ˰ҹβȥ棬峤ҵĶӳ֣ûʲôĻҪĻһȱݣҲţ˿һƵҲزƵġ
ҡ
һߵʱ򣬸һݺֻ̣֣ܶ
Ҫȥ첻òҡТŮһۡ
Ǹϣ̫ϣһ۾е׳ʿƵģ;վͳҪȥģȥĳˣڡ
·ϵʱ˵һ仰ڱ˭Ĺְڱ˭ĳƱࡣһ̲סЦԼ׷ǺߣǰѾ񫣬Ȼ֥Ĺ٣һŮ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
˿̣һЦȴЦˣҶǸͷſȪˮӭ̨һ¶ǣ˵ζʹ顣
˲гʱյһţ2010ǸѰ·ݣ·5壬55죬Ҫ823ٴγ֣·ݱΪǮ֮£Ϣ͸ڵ8λѣ4Ժͻ벻ջǷˮѧϵۣŶ
ŵǸİ룬϶Ǹĵ˷˺룬Ͳʶʥڻ磬ֻϵŵݻľʵǲʵԼƺûжĹϵ󲻳823ԼѲ磬Ҳͷˡ
˼صʵĩ˶ԭ򣬻ΪʡǮгۣСŸ߸ЬһҡһڵţʱʱȽϿŵĶһҡŮɡ
ڵ⼸£7ݹһֱ˳ɹģģԱ²ţ飬룬IPQCģǼʹְˣǷݹ㲻ΪǸɫ˾ɫԵĶԼ⣬ʱԼһһҲ̸飬Щ߰飬һ۳ԼһˣǸѾΪеľӢˣҲûбҪĵﱥί
صݵǶ¥ǰ̲סһǽϵС棬Ƹ߼㻤н򣬵ȷˣǸ壬ʱ룬һӴҴҶΪʲôԼȥأȥһ£ûϡȱԪأֻǰοԼһ
ӺСǷȴܰ󣬲Ƭ㻹һԼǵСռ䣬СĿռ䣬ָĶйԼĲ죬ҲԻ찵ص˯Ȼѡ
ֻˣһµľֻµǰҲʱϼִ绰ߴȥ棬ʱ˵Ѿҵ˶󣬹ʱȥ࿴࿴ô˵ƺҲ⣬ǰ˵绰
һ۳ԼһȽϳʵˣĳЩѣǶڻ飬ȴһѣһǶԼ׵ЩĲ̡
ٵϾⲻҹѡ붼ƣô󣬶ûмʶѣȳԹʺѽ
һ۸пǧΪʲôҪ飬ڵĻŶãΪʲôҪԼ鷳벻ͨѽ!벻ͨ!
Щ쬵ġһߵ̨˴ֻˣš
һİĶţЦˣԼ˼Ƶģյŵĸλעˣ̨ͶֽҪĹͷϹıϹŵıţûϹŵĿԱ߸ˣСıεȥ
ȻֻǸ޻ţůůģϾЩζ
ʲôԸı䣬Ψʱ䲻Ըı䣬ÿôҴҵţһͯ߱Ƶ׷Բԣƺ̣ܶȴֺܳ



2Цѹ

һ뵽һ⣬ȲԼͷ¶棬ҲԼԸԸԳ
СϣһʼǱԣ֮ǰ͸ӰһӰ룬ǳڼң޼ĺû飬ŵ˵ǡ¡һҲ֡ڵãһѳʺľط̨ʼǱԵ˺һҪĶ࣬ڻվҺʧãС͵ȴ𣬾ȻһμʱĻױϡڳһƿϣüһӵ¥µѣﻹôһ᲻á
óʱ䶼ûϣ˽Ҫͷȴӣүӹѽ
ҪǵԺúõģԴ󷽷İԼϸѡմϣȴýŵģͷ˼˰죬һܴľȥ˲гߵɡ
һνɵĸоѽ԰һİﻹһ˵ظСĩԵʣŮܶ࣬ǶɳȫעĶŵĻһһ۽סһ̾ʱר֮״ֳ̬֪˶ٸ˲ţǳϧ
ڵԣһᳵ·һ̳Ϸһӣдӵʱ򣬻һԽ׼׸֣ƽ͵İοһԼҲͲηˡԺʽһעĿĹ档
ѹ
ΪТ˳οĸ֮ģֹһѣҪ2835꣬أ˧޹Ƨ֢ɡ
ϲⶥܵ1.5£м˼¡
ѧޣﲻ׼֪˼Ϳɡ
ڣ3죨ҹ
1000Ԫ\죨Ʊʳ
ѯǳ
һд꣬ûɾģͷ˳ȥǰԼֻ˵ŮѵľӶ࣬ԼȻȺðһѵģȻһֵĻ⡣ȷǴŮϾѽ
Ӻ󣬼˸ظ
һĶǸרңȻо
1.
ںܶ˶ΪաΪӦĸĴߴ٣˴ʱЭ飬ֻ˵һϷͬϵ
2.ſڿ
˵ѻ͡ˡԼõİأһš¡
3.
ѻؼҲΥɣȴΥ£ǶеĲءͰǶôʥ飬ôеϷˡ
һСˮжѷۣһ۾úЦк֮ˡ
ǲΪηʥǿýһȽʱֵλʣŮ֮λԭҲܼ򵥣ʲôԭַϣ϶һʵʣŮˣҪȻҲӦڽ췢˹ˡ
ȷһֵùע󡣶ڼǰͿĳЩÿؾȻҲƼһµķĿŮѡƳرνǱѽҾã϶гŻķĴڡƺʱչ֮󣬻һչɣ
ȻЩŮߣЩ²һû׼Ūٳ棬ĻءγֲһµĽѷʽǣķʽ϶Ҳ׶ˡ
ȣǱȻԼĸĸһ˺˸ѡ˵Ůѡؼҹ꣬ҲֻʱӦһ¸ĸ괺ڻ˵ԺĵĴأܲῴ˰ɣ˵˽İһؼҼװһˣװⳡϷڸĸǰˣ⽫˼ɸ˺
ΣΪֻΪ˸һĿĲǻΪǴͳĻǻһЩͻġ룬ҲΪҵΪʥİǱһϷȻϷȻͬʱӰ쵽˽ҸˣΪǻһЩΪǻӦʽӪԼҵ񡣴ĳֽǶȶԣΪ֯ҲĻȻһΥΪΪҲһǱΪн顱ɵһЩ
ѻŮѴڴؼҿοĸͬʱҲһԼǿġҪЩδŮ꣺ǸӦüǿʶ԰ҪϷϷԼҸ
һЩͷһѸȻƭӣרƭ˵ġЩסˣԽԽˣһС̫ǡ绰룬ṩҹˡ
ԽԽ࣬һȴҲסˣҲԼ̫äĿ˵㣡
Уôӳ顣




3гĻ

һսԸȥԺŵĻһһСʯͷͶƽĺϱò䣬ͬʱҲĵһԶҲ޷ʧĺۼһ㡣
г֣аڵ̯ģҲйؾذڷȴʳû߹ߵתۿһͷ˲书򱻷ָ˼ʮʽһ۶ǸŮͶأиҵоӢλεĿȻһʺ졣ָĺ¸ӻԾ
һۼӿ˲ӣǸ˿ɢһɹɶζļѼ޾ɵվߣЩļѼĬһӷ
ʱԼ˸ʲôأڹ֮У΢ǿôһľɣɹ˵ˣǵԼ飬Բõʧһ˯Ȼѡ
󲻳֮ĲӦ߲ɡиľ֪Ҫһ˼һ˵ļį˵ĴҵĴ˭Ĵһ۾ԼһʼͲ÷ǸѵӣҿûʶҲûаԼƬȥҪȻܴˡ
гſΧ̯ٻģͷԵģҼģһûԼҪʱĶ۾ӹһ̯λʱȻʶķǸڵ̯Ҳڶģ͸һ˷ܡ
Щ˼ĵͷ۾⿴Ǹ˰ڵȫЬӣ̵ĵ¸ʰ쵣Ƕͨԧ죬źľסһ۵ࡣ
ѵΪڴߴԼתҪ߿
Ŷ˼㣬Ҽʱ𣿡Ь˵ĽŲ
飬һľͣ˽Ÿ
ͷɲǣ˵װ硣ɫװϱǶеԱ⡣˵˳ĻǸԱ⡣ԲԲģüëЦ۾Сɾµıӡһ˫䡢һЦúϲ£죬Ա⣬շ˶١
˶ʮ䣬һϮϲľװΪ1װ˾ŵӣǼ·ϾԶ࣬䡢ȫǷȱƵģ¶淺˺ڵİһ˫ͼĺ޲Ьװκһ̿ѣǸԱ⣬ͷҲ֪ģҪھµﻨСǮպʹˡ
һЦһ£Ǹк
ôվţʼһ΢Ц΢Ц͸һ󣬵ҽɽձ֣ǵصйˣڵйˡ
һˡ




4˯ͷ

ҵѽʲô֣ߵɾɽˣԣǿľͳԼżˣһЩ롣
ǣµĳЩ£ͻôɵģȻŲ΢ЦԣԱɽǡǡ෴ԼԼȡ֣֮ǰ֡
Ŷһ۴ûʲôϵɣֻǾֵֹֹģֲʶʲô
ǣǵȷʶҷֳһ⡣ɽСš
һ۾ЩĻ񾭲㿪ԶԶģôһ˵˼ˣʲôĿģڴ
ɽŸѵ촽˷ܵ㵸ŵù𣿡
ģһҲɴࡣһ۲ʱ䲻֪ѧһЩõϰģյġ
ɽоȵĿעӡ
һͷһİǰһҪִ󷽣˺Ͱ׵ȵȵЩ̬ƺ׳ȥˡ
ֻǸˣһЬӵĴˣԼ񳶲ʲôϵҲѹ֣˭Լ鲻أ˭ҲԹֻԹãˣһ룬һ۵İ
гβ˽ϡ
ɽһ̯һ߶ԼӣʵҲûʲôʰģֻҪЬӺװOKˣȴû˴³СŮһϸƽţƤãСķŽ
һ۰ԷЦ˿ЩɵɵЩ˵ϡ
ʰ꣬һֳ̾һָŶİ죺ܷȥøͣ߳Աġ
һЩ䱸һ۶KFCӻ浱Щ⣬ˮԾ
ûгϢһİ˵ǰȻ
һ۴㾫񣬱õŵĵͷ
һײͣ
Ť죬ΪټĲ˼˿͡
ɽľѴӷߵϣСԴӤƵġ
һĻһۿ
ɽľšͰ죬ֱ⣺ֲˣȥгصģʲô֮ɣ˵ҿ԰ﵽæ
һ䲻Ļ˵һůůģþûĻˣοһոʶе˧ˡ
һ֪˵ĻǴҩʧŮӶǱЩԻˣԼⷽһҪָ߶ȵĽ䱸ǡ
ʣҽ
ǣֻһڵ̯Ьӵģʱʲôģ㲻Ҫ̧ңжûҵ
ʱʲôѽһͻȻȤ
ʲô˿֮裬˿֮ǣԭģֻҪڷ֮ڣʲôҳٵġ
𣿡һЩɵһ䡣
Ȼ㻹ûлشҵأɽݹһȸ
лл
Ҽ㣬һֱôһһҪǮˣ㲻֪ǸҪнţǸصصƭӡ
ŶҲ֪ҿͦġһС˵˵ǸҪǸƭ;ԼĺԼ㡣
ڸˡһЦ˵
Ҳ˵ôԣֻżȻˡ



5ʱɲ

һ۲֪ôش⣬ڣȷҪһøڷˣȻֻİ˵ĳֲǺ˽⣬ԻһЩ䱸ġֻķʽӦһ΢Ц΢ЦЩ˿ûḡ֮⡣
ûеõҪĴ𰸣ɽȥʧ䣬һ
һԼԼеֳƭӵĻ⡣
ƭӺܶ࣬˷ʤʵ˺ȥģǰ٣һ˵ߴڹ˻𳵾ͱ˺ݺһ٣ʱҪȥĵطҪСʱĳüǮ30ģǳ˸ٰСʱ󣬾ͱˣ30100ˣ֪ˣֲܲһкΪ˼ɧȴڸ·ϣʱǽ첻Ӧеصز顣
Ǻǣû뵽㻹ľڵʱʱΪ˺ܶ࣬ԺöصƭһӵȾڿöˡɽһϡ
һ˵Ǳˣά˵󣿡
ɽЦһǱˣõô£һôƵġҿԶܶණһֱ𣿡
ûУոճáһ۾һ̽һ
ΪЩʲôأһǣϵҪ˵
һ۽Ʋƺץ˾ݣһƽҵʲôϲµ±ⶼûнĲ˵ģڵĲ˼۱۶ߣˣ쿴һ˵ɫеˣҪʮһ찡ϻƽļ۸ˡ
ѽڷǣʱ8ʣݣ棬Ǹڣ޻ƣƻʲôҩ࣬ɲ㣬˼ģʵѽÿ춼ڹעԭһͷ10Ǯԭ3ͷĳˣĴûСˣ˵ЩЩǴƣֹ˵ġ
һ۶˺ȻۣʵأϣһֵûûѧʵˣԼö࣬Ǿһ䣺ѧʺܸ߰ɣ
ɽһ£Ц˵жûбҵֻǽӴȽѡ
ǾǸϽһϷʵ˵
˳Ʋϣڵ˭콭˭ûк³ûмˢӼ̨ǲҪ׳۰Եģ죬ϧҰְֲա
һˣô˿ĵʱǲ࣬к˵ĬȻֻǳϣദܾõƵģ̤ЬٴȫѹȻף˾ǰվ
ѵϵۿԼԼ˶ɵʱƤһֱúкҪǰûһһǹԼ͵˻ľϵԼģ̫ߴڳˡ
ôԼϣ̫ˣԼѹҲ̫˵㣬Ӧûصʵ
ιιĽţһ۲Ŵ̻صʵ
ʲô˵صİɣȴֲҳϣ֪̫ѽУ˵ˣֲǷ֪˵ʲôһڵ̯Ьӵˣ
һЦ
ɽĵ绰һۣûȥӡ
ʵ㣬µ˿ɶô˺õģҿĸ˭˭ͻк˵ģһ㣬ҿɲ̧Լڣҵʱܱ㿴ԷĹвˣ˾Ϣ˵л˼ҽңҪϸϹȥ
ĻͿЩ߰ɣȻ˼Ҫȼˡһ۲ûߴſ㣬ǼƾͺһƵġ
ûҪҰæĵطɽٴʵ
һҡͷ
ɽƣϵıֵֹģû𣿡
ҵҡͷ̲סЦ
϶Ұæʱֻûûйϵҵϵʽ绰QQEmallϵҵͳͳ㣬ʮСʱػܵVIPĴ
ɽߵʱһûûΪЩԭܹظһǸ⣬û׼ĶԼķա
ߵʲôôأ




6Ӣ

һԼСһ˼죬⼸Ҳһֱãʼûֹͣ
ڴڼ䣬һӵ绰һԭǸܹȥϰ࣬ҿнˮ߸ָûǸɫǾһ٣ԼѾװǸѣûǸҪˡ
һ绰ϼһҪõĽСٵôģ˴С浽󣬱˴̸൱ͶѾüûмˣһʼЩİУԽԽ𣬲֪ľͳ˸ԵĻ⡣
һرܣСپĺĺרҪλ
Сʣ㣬㿴㣬ľͳˡʣѵҪȥ𣬷ҪĵżҲɣ㿴ڵŮӣ90СŮȿֺѰٰӣеȸУеѹУ
һԻ˰죬˵һ仰ʱ˵⻰ʱ˴ˮƵģȷϿЩŮ̲סЩʣԾľͺԼʱʱžӣԳһ˵ԼʵҲز߸͹βϸȣӱ濴һ绪ӣ濴ȥѾᣬҪĥڸ˪۵Һ֮ôһ崿װʲôãΪװ崿ԼԭԼ
㣬㲻żӣǲˣҲ
绰ͷһۿҲǣЦҲǣһĽͣһ̾̾ʱˣ
㣬ҪҲѣҲͲСڵ绰ͷο
㲻ǲңʵǣҲԼģ͸ЬһԼϽŲԼҲûã
һı¾ҰοԼϷ⣬ԼԼ˼룬ʱﲻȥѧҽҲ׬Ǯġ
㣬ǰ·ûеѡˣһǸϽؼҺʹ峤Ӽ棬ڶһüõοǴֲɡʵҲʲô⣬峤ҵĹӸȻ˵ڵ㣬ҲպϣҲ޹ȥһӲԺȵġС˵˵žȻĪһ˿
һСٵ˼ǲ˼˵Ҫúãøˣһûз
Сٵ͸ԳƵ죺õãҿɲɶ֮£ҿûиԤ飬㲻ҪѻתƵ
һۺȻ˿ڴﻹԴµƬҲǸᣬڻͰԼǰ׷˼ͬⲻͬ⣬Ҫ˵ȻЦʲô֮ǹ㷢Ӣ
̫ܲˣ˻ˡ



7ױ

һϸƬЦˣֻһ֣±һСϵ绰ʵͨˣǱһǸ˺ֱнһŷݣܾꡱ
ЦĵĪһʧ䣬ܾ꣬úԼҪ㣣ѻ߿˵Ϲȷе˼Ҳ֪᲻ͬ⣬ҪǾܾԼԼľû⡣
ϼһһ绰һ绰һ绰ߴٵļУϾûһûȥˣأͬʹ˻ȥôһ۰ѺǸнһзϡ
һİ˴绰㲻¶ǰںڴСǴ绰ҲȴЩӣǸ˴绰ģԭЩ£ڽɫȴץ˰¶ˡ
룬˷ͼ˲䣬ĵ绰ͨ߸ͲԼĵ绰ͲˣͷӦˡ
ʾĵ绰ѹػ
һּΪҲѶżΪǾ䡮ʮСʱػܵVIPĴʲôʺü춼ûҪ绰ͻȻȴֳư͡
ķǵĶںԼһ;ܹҸƿˡȥɵ½QQҲߣǾ͸һĵʼ
Ǹɽļһʮ
֪֪ƭһŮνĶʮСʱص绰ôͳưСûкոģѲ绰¼֤Ҳңʲô¶ȻˣûǲҸ绰ģһŻŮѷֿ϶ᱻ˺͵ģԲ͸©ľ˵һֵǣ϶оϲ㡣
һڱƭŮ
νĵȴһȥˣû˿ڶ죬ƽ˯ʱ򣬺е绰һ˺룬Ǹһġ
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һѰٰҲûзɽˣĺϲ׽ŪԼġ
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ΪǮʲôɣһʡ
ǵģֻҪǺϷģ˾꣬Ϊûа취ûѧʣʲôҪҵ֤ѽЦбҵ֤ûУֲԸȥٵģԾȥеʱȥЬӡ
ı鿴ó⼸һʰɣһʡ
࣬ҲһǧǮ֪ʲôѪǮˣǸʵʱ򣬲û̫ˡҲҸɵĹһֱãܲԸ
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һһﲱӣǱ¶ǣ˲䣬Ϸ죬Ū˵һһǮĻǰԸ𣿡
𣿾ûСһֱ˵ԼǸɸԼûκεĺˡ
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9Լճ

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10ԼԼ

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һ۾Żزһакӵĵ绰Ǳ˵޻˸߲ҵĽԼ˽аģҲĵǸаĺĵˣҵһģܵĶġ
һΪʲôӦģõĻشȻеƣǸԳʵʵ˵óϲѰұ¶ⲻײʾܲܰᵽ٣Ƚϼ
һ۶ݺݵһ䡮ȥɡߵĹ˵绰ִİ룬һŲӡ
ˣǸЬӵˣһţԼķ￪ʼ߻ؼҵĳ档븸ĸûڴڵǣҲЩ·ϵ飬ҲʲôʡĿҪЩΪϾڴ˼˻Щ̫˵㣬͵һҪ͵ǡһ۾ԼһȽϵ͵ˣҲϣ̫
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һԶԶվûнǰǵԼоЩʲôǸŮӿɰװȹͲѥͶ㶼͸崿ɰǸŮǰһԲ
ֲðֻصǹݵġһ۾ñȱ軹Ҫѹ
ѵԼ̬ûаԼʱ飬ǵģֻǸԼͷЭ޹ϵŮҲãûҲգԼʲôϵأϾ˼Լ顣ԼҲǣ¶Ūףȥ˼ҵ£ЩԼ



11ķйȴ

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ҪѾֹһεƭңҲǸѵˣǽأҪĶ㶼أҪôνĽͣԼҲѵ˻ŵ۲ۣҿǵЭŸոտʼȻҪĸɡһйߵʱһֻҲûֹͣķйŲͣɢװǶһȥһ׾ٵľ֧ˣһһҶԽԽ죬Ϊҵıܿͱֹǿΰҡ
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ղŵ绰ȻǹҶϣ߻һĺţι׷ʲô飿



12ľ

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ļ⣬ܸԼʲô£Ҿˣ˭ԩ𣬽ӵ绰ͺú˵£ȥ˵ûǵ㡣

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һˣ˱һۣ۾ƬܺǴƷɲʿһҲ֣˵Ҳ̫³ԼҲչ˵ģҲ˵ЩطıװͰ͵ģ˷ʼˣ̽Եһ䣺ô
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һ۳ƵĺһͳǮ˰죬ǮԱ˵ȥãȴֲʵȻǸ˴绰
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13һ˵ļį˵Ĵ

ܴˣԼʱزһеİӷڵһλŮʧȥٻҪö࣬ȻԼһĶʷƵĴԼ㲻Լ񾭳⻹һЩ񣬷ڳʧʹ
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ԽʲôԽʲôһ۵ļƻѾ¯Т޺ΪѾڵȵ绰ߴˣ쵶ն鴦飬ҲðĵҷݹȻĺȥ
ƻûб仯죬ؼʱɽȴһС㣬Ҳġ
һۼʮ㣬Լį˵Ĵ




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һ۵ĺܴܴ󣬿ʼԹʲô˼ģûң˵ҲûκεĹϵǵġ
ڵЬӿʽӱ࣬ȫֹƳɵġһȴоЬӡ
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һ۶Թ޴˿̼仯˾֮飬ĵ׵ľء



15ܳΪ˵ĸ

һЩ˵ĸǸɵˣ
ǵģΰĸףҾҵΪ¶ɽᵽĸ׵ʱ˵Щ顣
ҵĶӺöǲվһֱ˵ɣҪҪȥԵ㶫ûǸСڳζսˡ
Ǻǣһֱ˵˵ʧְѽ߰ɣȥԻɽöˣԼҲȻࡣ
һʼ磬˵찡ôȵ죬ȻԻҾ˺ܹ֣Ҳ˼Ѿϰˣһûгϰɣ
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Ǿͳ԰ɣܸıĻֻȥӦĻˡ
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17ЩĵЭ

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22ܣҪ

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23Լʴ

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һصˤڵأײϣͶʱѪ
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һӲžͱײˣĵطҲ˸һ۾ʧŴˣίˣһӱǸ˵ɿ
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ұѻ죬Ӻɷ֮£ô޳ܣǱɣбȥѽץС͵û˹㣬ﶪۡ˵׵㣬ҾͿˣôӣɽһҲѵˡ
½׵İһǶ⣬ܵشû˸ҶԼôһԼСĶ˾ȻԼ´ζ֣ԹƽʲôӴ˵ʱյĶûðءһһ߷ֵ嶶ԵЩ
һ˸ֹͣƣɽǰȰο˵ǲҪȡֵļһǲģǿ߰ɣ
ǲɽҧгݵ˵Һµ˻ûгѪ۾½ĳ̬˵ˣڼһ۵Ĺأ´㣬۸ĸŮҾġ
½һͷŭʨһ쵫˵һ仰һƿҽȥɽȴĶˡ
򹤹ҵļſã첻ɫƣͷֲϱ½סɽ
ɽΪջԼ𣿸ɴһݣȭͷ׼½һޣȹƵģ½֪ɽĶ֣ӾͰ½һڵҽл
ɽ˵һۣߣͽҴߵԽԶԽá
һ۹ִ˵ҲߣҶҪ뿪ңҷǳмʲô⣬ҵεġ
½ߺĴŵ绰һˣߴţ㣬Ͽ뿪ΪǵԼһҪúõģҲҵĸĸʧˡ
ҲߣҪҲߣ˵ߣᱣ㣬κίġ
Լѵɽţߣ
һҧ촽۾ӿһƬӨ



25Ļ

һ۵ľֹɽЩжһ˵ͷģߵſڡ
½ΪҪ뿪ŴеߣҵҪǲӺ
ӸҵɽǿԴԵĿ˵Ҳ˱ɡ
ô˵ɣȾ˿ͻӲʱġ
ɽػҿǷᣬһǵһμǷ֮ˡ
ڴǹսʱһʱеŮ˴һƷľ켱Ҵҵĳ
½죬ͬһʱǿţֵֹ˵ѽҶ챻˴ˣôѽﱻģҪΪ¸𡣡
ʱеŮ˽ʮ꣬Ƶϰһǰڳ紫Ϊɱ½ĳ쵼ʶģһʣ½ƾ粻֮ȡķģصսʽĸһ飬֪ΪʲôԽԽԶ
Ծ˵ҵ½ʲôϼ㶼¹ڳйݾֹ׷ʲô顣֣ĵôˤΪϼˣ϶ģϵ״
ͬ־Ҫѽ½һӣҼʮͣôܾסȭߣ½ѻԼϣǲø֪֮䲻ʾ˵ܡ
ղ㱨ľʲô˵ͳ¼ʼʼǡ
½ڵҲƺܲ񾯵ͬ飬Ͱ͵˵ľʱʱͼӴװľ󣬶ҰԼ˵˾ӣβܷŹǸһ
ɽһԺ֪ܵļһĴ꣬ʱ̲סЦܵʹԼƽ
ιָɽ˵˻ôƽʲôûƵģ߰ɣȥｲղľѾ񣬻Ҫһĵ顣
ɽҡҡͷ޿κε˵ҲȥûзֻҸ£ܺߵѣҲô
½ˣյģҪʵЩǲӱܵġ
˵ȥ˵ת˵Ͻ·Ҳȥһ˰ɣԶٷѵóġ
ͷǡ
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˵յģһƬȽϤˡ
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˵Ʋ˵Ǹͬ־ȥ϶¶ŵġ
ôվͬһϣȶִҵģܺߣ֪𣿲֪ϲҽ
жŹһ߹ĵŻضţһƿԱʵֳ߲ܺûеóѽҪ鵱ԣóѽ
½ǲվ·



26ĸʢ˿ʼ

һûлصԼСѣھƵ¥ͣԱߵĻ̳ǰǻ
Ѿҹʱ֣û紵Щ쬵ġһǰߣ߸·֧ƣŬվǰһڡ
һ˾裬µĳʻͣ𶯵еķԼͬһͨһһ
ҹ·ŻˣֱǼСʱʱ䣬Ѱʱ⡣ǿʤԸôܱڱƺõķԼǣɽһԼܾͲȱϽܵһҲ޷Ӱ
ĪԼɨǵģƺմˣһմȾͻᵹùȻùˣҪñĸԼһϵûе˵õǣ
һ۳ֹ̾Ϣǵġɴ۾עžƵſڣעÿһӾƵ߳Ůˡ
׸
ôżɣ𣿡
Ȼ˼㶼췢ˡ
Уոճ̣ˢſңҪҵĻҿɾͻؼˣҪǴӼܳģӻڴ֨ҽ
ʲôϵһıȳʺѣֲңôС
һ۵ӵ߹һˣڴΣǲӣ֮Ĳ黰С
ڣԼǣӵĵطôĲг棬һЩûдܲʲôţҿŵ˵ز
һ鲻Խһۣƹ£˾ȻǸߣŮҲͶʮ߰ӣұͿĨȹ̵Ľסβ˶ŮҲһһۡ
һ۹˸磬סĵĲ̻˹͹һ򿪳ţ˲ʧۿ
ɽͬͣ߹ɽһĸ񾯽ʲô񾯻ʱЦֳЦݣֻŵԷЩ
߹ȥΪԼĳν鷳ֻöڱ۲ǵһһ
ɽȴϾˡ
ιһۺһǳû
֮½һȳһյ߳߻иŮ˲š
˼˵˾䡮úøͬ־һ䡮Ǿ״¡˵Ҳˡ
һеĵȴ˺£ԼۺСʱ򾹸ǶƵģο˾ĵлеĴԼһģȴҪ˸űĺʼԽԽԼˡ
Ųɽĵ绰绰ͨŵģȴû˽
ϾȻƮϸ꣬ģԭ˼ֲˬ
һĬĬ·ϣ۶ĳͷӬɱۣѺõļüŪۣڳЦ
һͷͻȻĵ˳



27ʮδӵ绰

һͷһʰƹԼʵڲӦͷžͻε·м䣬Ĳɵһɺ׳飬ѾµѾûʲô˵ġ
ģѽһ
һ˹ȥҪġ
ĵùҹģӻӺ˵Ƶѵĺܣ㻹ңԽȾԽ˷Խѣǲ𵫻ǶġһͣܳķйԹߡ
һûЩˣܹǣԼҪֳûԭԼ˻ǱȽ϶ġ
ǻʱ߹һ๤קסֱۡ
һ·һ߿ο˵ģ벻ģ
һ۾ǿվţǲԸ˵
ӣ·Ѿɨʮˣʮ벻˵ȷǴڲѵ״̬еΪ˾ƣƾ̼˴Ժ֪㣬Һͷ㣬òԾԾһֱ㣬벻Ȼûв´
һƴҡͷͷɢҿƮ
ӣʲôȥĿ޷ǾֿܣҪôǹҪôǸ顣ǹϵ鲻˳ĿԲѰµĹϵ²һһϦദܺõģҪס˵Ŀſã˾һȥһ޵ҧгݡҵϰΪһΪѰ̼Ů·ϡ
һ۱ۿȫͬ顣
ּ̫̫߬˵ϰʱ򻹺ᣬʱôŲʮ꣬ҷ˹ʽɨ·Ҫϰľȥ˰ϣͲһ׵飬ô׵ķЩЦˣ
޶Եһ۶ʱͬע˷ܼӣ̧ͷĿɨ·ĴϣȫҲɥ֮ıˣ֮һ仰Ȼ˾
һϣһҸҸҪ֣ǿĻš
һ촽˰죬ȴҲлĻΪͷԵʡ
뿪ͺˣؼҰɣ㿴µĲȴܰ·ʪ
ҡ治֪˵ʲô֮ллŶ
Ǻǣⲻʲôϰһܹʱһеǳο
һŨصĵͷ
˼صԼĵ·˼
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һһΣμ˷ֳͥгͥУдɽִ̣ǹɽˣʱʱЦͽͣŬص·ǰȴôҲ۾ȴϢʡ
ͷãȻ绰ˡ찡Ȼ32δӵ绰ַһ£ȫɽġ˲˴ԣѵ绰ȥǱ߼ٵĺУιһۣ׷ʲôҲӵ绰콲
Ŷô㲻ɳ𣿡һɻʡ
֪ǼôɳҺܺãҪϼ㡣һˣһҲɽʲôľֹ
һ۾ӱѾ㡣
û¶
ȥ㣬һҪԴ͡




28һ

һۻû¥ʱɽĶŷ˵ȥѣȥKFCȻ͵
Щмֵ䣬׸ԼʲôλսΪԼܵǣɳȥֵܼӣ֮ǰĵ绰˵ôɣʲô鶼ûзƵġ
˵ùԼģʱֱˣ治ʲô˼ľڿȴСʱ󣬵ȴǱʧĳ档
ȻȴҲһḶ́ɵɵȴʱ䣬Ϊǡϣ쳣𱬣Աһߴٹ5ΣҪʲô˵ڵһѣҪϼӡ
һĵȴˣǼҪɽ;ˡ
ɵļһﵽڸʲôãݵ;ÿЦԼôôһˡ
һۼɽʱɵˣͦɫװļͷƤЬͷѱɹһù㶫˳˵ƺǡˣУ
ɽƲס˷ܵӵŵŮһۣλҪõǶѽᣬˣǸŮӣǰǳֿѧȻСԺųơϺ顯ˣո·ɻͱˡ
ãһȻЩ⣬Ǳֵȴ൱죺һ·ˣ
࣬ķȥҲѾϰˡŶɽ˵ʶƯŮؾˣѹһΣĺ(o)ңɽǽҵ֣ҽһ£ҵֽν
һ۳΢΢һЦش
νҲЦˣЦñ΢΢Ц仨ƵġȡƯԶԶСǶŵһŴźСţЦеġʱе滨ͷɰװ崿ӾһСŮ
һ˷ԼЩα˼ЦȴԹһǵģôű˵˽ԼûеϵνĻóмּʡ
һָɽνͣǸ㽲ļٻ㲻Ҫ棬ڶģǲѽɽͬ־
ɽ̿ʵҿɴٻѻġ
νһ䣺ɽҪõѣ˽ˣһٸԼ˽ǿЦ㲻ãеʱ򣬱˵ŮһȥԷˣ˵仰졣
ظɽˣ˵ţȥ͡
һһ鲩ʿǰЩΣνѧѧƵģ˳Ƶľ棺ɽ˵ҲǴѧ֪ѧʲôרҵ
Ŷϵҵ
ţǸƼඣν겻ѡ
һҲûҵУˣûмⷽʵʾ顣
˵ѧϰɼģУҪôһϵҪôѧϰɼر
һЦˣһ䣺רҵһܺ
̹ڹ˼꣬еյģлͻⲻǰɽһ绰ߴһ˵
ιιϻ˵ƷһΪ졣ɽνĻ⡣
ǺҵĲ죬Ըͷζ˺ڹ⼸ÿ춼Ժ㿴嶼췢ˣ
֮˾ǲһ㣬һĿǰĿ󣬶㣬ٺ٣ɱ©ˡ




29ѹ

νֱڿ˵мҸ㲻ףھǶôĲпᣬŹĹɣһܵİĳ޹ʵģǣҷԼĹƺҶҪѵöࡣ
һ̾˿˵ͺڹôҪѡ񻷾ҲЩᷳζˣȷܰݣ֪Ϊʲô᲻ÿĹ޷Ǿڰ칫һЩĵ飬ӵ㣬Ӧһߣϰ࣬ϢӦꡣְʱȷʵе嶯ȫ嶯ռ˴ԣֻųôʱúõĸһԼҵû뵽Ҵˣشˡ
ˣ𣿡νз۾˵
ɽݺݵһۣʾҪ˵顣
һ۵ͷ˵ǵģǳڡǺʲôãѾˣС֪Ҫ򴲾һҹ˯ˡ
ɽѲûãνһδӣȻѾ¶ĳˣҪȷĿǡ
һήҵ˵кʧңղסͻʧ򣬵ڣ˵ģһûȷĿꡣĿһ˳ɹҪûĿûѹûѹĶѽĮ֣ʧܡ
٣ϵ㻹˸пҲĶࡣɽ಻סįڲһ䡣
һۼ˵ҳʧˣҰܵһͿʱ˼ݹտʼ־ҪԼûйˣҲԵʣմڻ֮С
ӻԭѹѽ90Ⱥ˸ѹǰеý嶼ڱϣɹķĴⶼ80ԼҲøպøĩ೵οǸ˵ûþͳ׵ıڼ80Ѳᣬı90ǰ˶
νͷȫͬĹ۵㡣
һŴҴߵŮŮҪľᣬлƶʷĽ
ι˵ɽǵ̸װһ˵վѧʵˣǶλǰҸһǸ˼ȫͺԭʼȥˡ
νߴߴ˵ᵽԭʼᣬҵǺ뷢һԼĿûԭʼãʲôƩ˵ҪһطҪǧ೤;棬һϺѶϾϵôߣûжѹܹصԭʼᣬƬҶסߴȻǵǼô飬붼Ҹ
ɽ󷢸п뷨ҲйпܴԽԭʼᣬҪڵ˰ʱһӶĶ߼ĵط˼룬нǿĴľʱ
ᣡʱѹ90Щ򵥵Ĵ·һһһĶȥѹûǣû;
ԼȷѲᣬûʱҫ90ҲԶԼմ϶ı߶ֻڶ졣
ѹҵѹѹѹȵȵһƽԿ߽⡣һ뵽ЩͿʼ꣬оҪҵԼ
ÿⲻ˳ĵܻ̾ʱ˿̣һҲ뵽侭ӣĬĬ˵ʱѽ




30Ǯ

ппй鷢йпӻվɣйѹٴϮʱһ۴󷢸̾á
绰ˣϼҴģһ츣ûǶ˾͸ͶԭӵƵıըˣﻹûң׻ûʲôʱʬ嶼֪ô¶˵ʲôҲܰ£Ϊбѽ߾ܷƽ˾ӵļǶ챻˴ˡ
ҽ͡һۻСսս˵ҵѴԼ뷨ҲڶܣܸͲ绰ġ
һڵ绰ɤźܴ󣬻ҩζʮ㣺ƨ뷨뷨Ҳ̫˰ɣúõĹװ׸ˣ峤ôõǲͬ⣬˵ҹܡѵν뷨
һ۰תһԣѹɤ˵²㵣ģһᴦõġ
ҿվ˵ۣҪһŮȥôڣǳҵҲûǣ㲻Ϊ룬ҲÿǿǡҪ꣬ҪˣܲΪһ˵˵Ҹɣ
Ŷ֪ҡһ˵һ仰
һ˵ôˣŽ峤ýˣǮ˵»ǵȥ
һһ䡮յĴ峤ˡ˵ϸСΨֵ˸ջ
峤ʲô˲ģ֥ĹȴΪΪмǮ𣿿ǣԼǮйģҲֻܱŲ
ιҰˣҽ𣿡绰ͷΪһ۳ʱĳĬֿʼˣһջǲգ𰸣ҳԿŶ衣
һסˣѾѵ绰ȴ赲ס˵Ǹ¥ȥˡ
ɽһüͷ壬Լʱ˻ƵĻ̱
νǺʿһ绰Ϳһ⣬Щˬ˵˼ֻǽӸ绰ѣŵģˣǵĸǸٹ̵ġ
ɽ˵нŰɲҪ̫ˣҺĹϵ͸߹㣬ֻͨѣʶѣֻܲȥύͬѰɣ
ֻ˵˵ûλΪʲôζˣǱߵҵҲѾȫΪǵԼָΪ㻹ǵ𣿡
Ȼɽ˵Ϊ˵Լ
ǵþͺãνţֻһ˺ãҪŮӾʲôɾҲԼСᣬҪʵһ棬ǵһױһףĻҲԭġ
֪ˣҵĴС㣬ûз紵ݶͱøץƵġ
νһţǵĹϵһûУһҪǵýһøаô죿ĻأСƭ㰮˵ĺͲ˵ģҶ̯ˣǧѽ
ɽֲòһҪõšνĹϵһ۱ܣںѻ۵Ĺϵֲϣν֪̫ࡣ
һۺѸһĻش𣬿Ǵ峤Ǳֲõ峤ĺֻظݲʯͷأլǺӱ߱ʣµģȵȶõһȡ
Ǯʲô˵ġǣ˰죬ûС



31ڲ

һ侲˵ģҲΪѵģǮ¶㲻Ӧ£Ϊһ¾ͱʾĬ׮ŮϲһТ˳ˣܲĿ
һǱí˾㻹֪һТ˳ˣ峤ҵڷԲʮ˴ͷݵģ˼ҵĹǽһ۰ĵһﵱϱ㵹ãߵϻ쵰ˡ
һͷӹһ˿˵峤Ǹòë·һһȳƵģ͸вм˸㵱ү𣿡
ʲôȽŲʲôϵֲطĴëǿ͸ǮʲôãҪ˶Ը޸
һص㣬ҲǳƱô⣬Ǵ峤ýǮ绰ģڼȻͨ绰Ȼû˵Ǯȴòɽ¶ˮˡ
ҲǿԼʱ򣬸ȷе˵ڸԼһԼ֪ѾɲˣѾ£ͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲͬ⡣
һ۾㵵ʣǲѾ
ͷְ԰ӳһ֣ǡ
绰ͷ˲ƵĿʼĬһۻ侲һ䣺ͬˣ
ǰͬѵҪҺ簡
һ˵ûǸ泯ĵط׾ƫֽӶŮŮϷΪ𻨣ûأְأ
һ15ǰδ뿪ң֪ϰף˭ûиѶģͻᱻó෹Ļ⡣˱ʾ͵ͣôۣЩûӵѵĶСһֱʼ˷˵ŮҲǱһŮһļƣǺ￪ʼ飬վǰٺ̾ڿ˵ѹҪľϵˡҿֵļʱһ
ҲһϵǸϣ15һƵİοΪ˵ģҳһҸŮǮĺŮŵۼź㣬ķԸԵ츣һӴһ۵˵УУǵСް˼Ҳֻϴ
һصصͷ˵һһʧġĵʱǿûһ˿˱ûһᡣ
12ǰ˵һĻ12һȴûжԼĳŵڵļͥѧμӹеͶڲúչȴĴˮƯ
ʱĿԳ嵭һУҲõĳ֡
12Ľ죬һ۾Ȼٶø׵˼
һű˵Ǯ˻ҪǮҿԸ㡣
˺ǮǰͬʱҪǣҲֵ飬ˣɲˣΪԼʣӿǡ




32˸

һ۳Ĭˣ׵ĻʵԼѾᣬµְѸĸǰһλ˼룬ԼеңĻҲǾ˽˽ȴůذ
һۻܹܵ׶Լİ⣬ҲֹıȥģĺԼĿ־壬ñͲĸӲҲϼҵĵΪԼĻǳ
һĪķԼĴʱͻȻ·ò֪룬ڹҶϸ׵绰֮ǰȴ벻õĽ
绰Ƕˣظͬ޹ؽҪɧ
һ۾ԼˣΪΪΪѾ״̬ΪֲظǴҪһе
ɽǰʱһͻȻȻʣھ֮󿴵µķһֹĶתŵ绰˵ڲҲ飬ҪǣѾˣҺܺãȥġ
šҸôѽô˵Ķ飿û¶㼸겻ڼңҶ֪ľ仰ľ仰Ǽٵģ
ȻһԼĻл̬ȡ
֪㲻ţʵҸһԷ
Ǹź̾Ƶ˵Ǵ峤ǱҸȥƴǣûľʱ򰡣
֪㷸ѣΪŮҸܲڡ
츣е㼤˵ǸеĽӵ绰Ҫʵһµǲġ
һĵ绰һζԸһһ۵ҵƽҲ츣δϣ
ȥոߡһ˸ѡ
ɻͦǮģǲǱȴ峤һǮ
һĸŰѻԽеףšŶǣǮ˳Ҳãһϲġ
츣ûйҵ绰˼ͲﴫУǼˣû˵ټҲûжʲôͶ˵绰
һ۳һֳһһ绰ȻһСʱʱ䣬һСʱʱȹһļǸµҹҪĶ࣬ѧѣѵʱƽѵʱƺҲûоʲôϵ֮ҪԽʱȴͻȻЩˡ
ô﷢ʲôɽ߹еʡ
һҵҡͷҵĵͷ
ҪҰæҷǳҵĽܣļ򻹺ۣסĴҪΪڷ絲ɡ
мůģԼҵһڵķ
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ţ
ɽ˵ܸҽϼҵһЩҺܸȤҲǰ׼





33Ц

һ۳ɵʲô˼
ɽЦһ˵͸¶һǶķϰߣʲôɻ䣿ôƺμ׼ĸʲôڣеһЩֹȵȵһ㶼ҪĽײԤϲĺǿɾͲճˡ
һԺ･׵ĵ绰һӸɽӵľͷǻģ˵ζȻһֳ嶯Щλ뷨
ҿ˰ɣѾûҪǵԼ͵Ϊֹɣһ˵˾
ʲôʲôЦɽЩ£Ϊ䣬Ϊ¾㱸ȴ˶絽
˰ɣ
һ̧ͷޱߵҹգھŨҵ̳ǹųķƺܸоǺ˵ܡ
ûĴ
ɽˣȹϵƵ˵ΪС׽Բ˵ȡȡȡҲиɣڸһܹԼ׷ԭǲΪ˵ֻҵͬѧǵĹϵֻǳԽͬѧ֮꣬˵֮ʲô¶ûУͺһСа趹װ׵ġ
ûʲôϵɣֻ֮顣
ǣѾ״̬ոߵߵɳ̲ûüܺľͱһĵףôԼȥ
һҡͷ
»ص¥ǽϵĵڵεδıʱѾʮˡǿνſ˯ˣ˯Ӹӵĳˣһ۶һкӣһȥ׷νϲĻÿɰҪһӹ͸Ұ֮
Ե㶫ɣһΪ˽һ绰ȻŶӣ̫ר˰ɣ
ŶҲϿðġһۿʼߴ
Ѿ12·ݣϷȴͣٳٲȥﻹ
ѽǿķǣ˵ɻأ˯أҲ֪ʲôأɽԹҸƿ
һ۴
ɽͷȴԼоڿԼ񣬵ǲֵֹģʾܹ֭ʹ˵顣
˯ɣ˼ҵġ㽲ЦɣЦ
һûͬ⣬ҲûзԣĬĬĶһ֡
ɽɤӣͬҪϰټҽ̳Ƶׯأһ񼫵ķ˱д̡̳ϣǹ׼Կǣӵãһǹû죬ַ˵ڶǹȻû죬ַ˵ǹ
һľګĺκηӦ
ɽɶﷸŷǾϹǾ˵һ䡮Ұɣ̫ˣ
һ̲סˣЦνĲˡ
Բ𣬳ˡһС˵
νֱӣ۾һʱ˵ʲô˼˯ιɽһȥ찡ҹˣȻ˯ˣҴûָЦĳ棬ĺöˣûˡ
ٵȻҪҪΣɽʡ
Ҫҿǲ˯ѽ˵ЦģҶ˯ˣǵģʲôôĵ飬˺Ľѽ
ϻƪɽˡ



34ֱֱֳֳ

νŲɽ˲ˣϲϲһ§סļϺݺݵҧһڡ
ɽûз˸
ⶼʲôëѽʲôʱѧҧѵӹȽˣһЩ¶Ҫ죬Ȼȥɣ
νŭʮ˵ˣһģҲȥɻҽӵġȴҶ;ȴʼա̬Ȼ뾭Ӫҵˢҿٺ٣Ʋ㣬ѽ
һͷԵһͷˮûлɾⲻˡ
ɽһĺѾ֪ôˣ߰ķϻǲ٣ѣҧ˱˻ôĴֱֳȴֱֳ֪˭˵
ƿνһľ룬ȴ޷ѣ޷ȴʱʱɨһۡ
һ۵ͷֻ˳Զʵʲôֻǲ֪ζεĳ档
νƺ˶ı仯һۣҪɽؼҡǰڵΰǺܺãȥӦûĹۣ2011Ҫٰѧ˶ᣬӦûá˼ҳ˵ҹ·߶ˣҲģοô۵ŮӣɫǶࡣ?
û¡ŶԼȥУѾϰˡ?һֽȥţǱôһţеˡ
?²ðɡ㿴ɽ˫̯ʼ̸ۣһˣȻô׳ҲӦܹʹߵΣɣһͬ͡?
һվ˵ɽлл룬Ѻò״ӹԲӦöʱǣҲܸ˽ʶǣлҶȹһι¶ӣټ?
찡ټЩִ˾ȻԼ˵ݰݡټʲô˼Ҳлٴμ棬ԺԶһ˵ֵʱԵͳдһɺ⡣
νֵȥˡ
ɽű˵ιʲôΪʲôҪ˵ټѵĲһܹģҲǺܳɫģҪѾ׼˺ܶ죬㡭??
һרע˵ʵûбҪʲôǸŮˣŮ˶Ů˵˼оֹһһѾңҲҪƽ˻֪֮ģŮ˵ĵоǷǳġ?
ɽüͷһ޿κεļƣҡǳˣǰǹһ?һ۴ˡ
ǰߣɽͺŸ
νѰǾʹУǵһ̸νŲǣǴӴǵӰӣҲ׷˳ȥ
쵰ȵңɵϣȻϷŪ?
ɽǳһĿһ⳵Զˣ׷ų˼ͿʼڴڵĴŴ
νһ䣺ӣǸӣ?



35ͷϲϴ

һѾʧûӰ٣ɽڴԶҹĻνĴڨǡ
ιӣҿĻŪ˰ɣڵİɣǵĹϵ˼Ҷ˪ȴ𣬴￾𡪡һȡ
û裬ôܻ裬ңⲻǺúõѽֲǲ㣬𣿡ɽûк˵
νšĶ䲻˵˵ѽΪ׷˼ңڲﲻܲʣ׷ȴ֮ĺİ˵˵Ǹ꾫ʲôϵ첻˵˵ҲšĶŹʵ
ɽ߬νĳĪЦһܿĻ˵ҾӪĵ̯棬ǰǸų˾ϲˡ
νóƤеȳǽҪö࣬鲻ƫƫҵ
㶮ʲôʲôвҵΪԼҵ׼ҲĸԸǱֲҪңͷӵ˼ûйϵϵ㣬Ҳܰͷϡ
ô˵ǲ绰ҵģνƲֵʡ
ǡɽʳƵĵͷĸһϵûУ޵ľǸͷӣĸףĸಡʱʱҾ΢ķ֢Щ¶˵ǱʱԸĸ׸Ͽ飬Ҳôʹࡣ
ôֵֵزм䵽׷ʲô飿ʱߵʱ򲻻Ǻúõ𣿡
Ǯյ£ǮˣǮͱ仵Ů˱仵Ǯ仰ĺܾѽǸͷӲŹϼ츻ӾĸˣǸˣʱҾһ⣬˵˰ɣǺõģһı䣬Ҳ뾡취ȥӦҲ̫˰ɣĸĵ㲻ã˵㣬ûѧʣд֣ⲻĴǸȽﻹǮȥأ
νʣǵĸ鲻Ǻܺ𣿡
һֱͲãǸͷӺóԺɫĺõľͶģҾͿ㡣Ҫ˵Կɣ˭ܳԿ࣬ۼ֤˼Ǯˣǰˡĸ׸һֱǳԿ࣬ѵʱĸ״ӼǮȹѹأˣȻĸͻϼҡ
ͻϼʲôֲӰʲô
ĸؼҵģ˵ͷӵһףԼҲһ˵ĹȥӰ칤ʵ֪ӱܣӱܸ׵»ĸ岻ãҲ֧ȥҲ׼һؼҵģֹңһ˵ûгԹʲô࣬鲻㣬͸һ9999˫Ьӡ
νĸ׵Ըνʡ
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һģǰҾвõԤУģɻǹܲסԼˣȻˣҪԵԼ




36һܱ֤ı֤

ˣȻǶˣЩȣȵʱ˾÷Ʋ
ɽһӵ̼ϣϲһֱ͵ĸоӭȿ磬ģͷŶеǳ
˸˵Ԥ˵Ҫ£еĵطͿʼѩˣ˿ҲӰӡ㿴ҹģǴʲôĶУдѵģȹӣë£ްѾ׽Ūͷתĵزˡ
ν˵ϷһֱطͲ֪ڵʲôڵģ
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νƵ˵˵ôۣҾͲðʲôæˡҲ˵ΪҪҲŻںңҺûзжĸڣֻǿһһüֵ
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νƴҡͷҾͲȥ˻᲻ˣҲ᲻ˣΪҲ˭ûƢǲƭ˵ġҪ߾ߣҲǿġοҲһȥסʲôƵꡣ
ɽ˸˵Ǹ֪ӽ쵽̫ˣӿ̫ŹˣǸ˵ĺãĹһ֪ζ
ν̲סЦ˵Ҳ̫ɵˣŹúõ鲻ܻһߣǷɵǷ׷ҵȥΣһ˳ţھ͸һĺѣȫ䡣
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м㣿νŪ˵
ʲôʲôģڿļֱ޷ˡ
ӦңȥǸŮӺ𣿡ɽ˵ȷЩϾ
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ôܲԸƵģǾͳϵɣν˵ţŨĻҩζ
ðɣɽ¶˾ġһߵʱ˵ǷȷǸѴԺúõ˼һˡ
㱣֤ڸദӲŮӼϵеĻҷֺֻһһǺܲҵġ
ðɣҴӦ㡣
ɽĻ䣬ֻ¿ˣһۣһȻһ۴ġ
νΧʣʱ˭ѽ



37ȷ黹

ɽЩԥν̽һ׷ʣֻùҶ˵绰
ոնı֤ôգ֮أ
绰ִ˹һ飬飬Ҷ飬ɽ󷽷Ľӵ绰νҲûʲôԾͣĹҶϵ绰νкܶ಻ɸ˵ܣ㼫Ϊ
ν˵ĵ绰ңҵҪҹĵ׻ĸôģ
ɽûѵ绰װҲڴɵĴſڡ
֮˹˵ǰ϶һƷ˵˻ʱϵػʱҲ˵ǲκ˵ĵ绰ǻ׬ǮҲôе˼ɣ̫Ǹʲô
ν˵ʲôƷصģ绰ҽˣҪ¾ӺôԹԵĹҶϵ绰
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νŲףԾɲģĸ첲ĵ绰
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ǡǡ෴νŭƤЦ˵ǱС㣬϶¾ͻҧɽɡ뵱꣬ҵѧϰɼ͸ˣҾͲаͼǿƾ;ųɹġ
ɽʵʵİֻӸû˵۾úưɣһ绰Ȼ˵Ĺڻ֪ʲôƤûʲô۶

νİͣûʲôأ㻹е֪֮Ƥǽ
ɽŶӿЦá
νקɽƤ˵ɣȷ黹죬ոı֤ȶȾȴˣ̫ʧˡ
ɽ۵ֱ£ǵӲˣĻԼ
Ҳ㽻ѣκ˵ĵ绰ȴƫƫƭңƭҲͰˣȴǱ֤ĶǸ꾫ȴѳʲôԱϣ⵽Ϊʲô겻㾹һˣαթƭӣߣҾͲҴ绰
νδ䣬绰һɽվŬԼʲô¶ûзһ
νѾŵ绰ˣĸɴ䣬ذѽƵСҲûôģ㵽Ҫʲô꾫ɢ˼ҵԵ̫˰ɣ֪Ǽ㣿ƨ¶͵ȲͲסįǷѽɽѾѵþ⣬ŷɧǵĺ¶
Ǳߵĵ绰һֽǰҶˣҲν˵֪Ѷˡ
ɽ˻һԴһƨڵϡ
νȥѪ۾
һẦµġνŽ
ɽһմľͷľԵɵţҲ
ν˵㲻²ȥҰ㣬ȴֲˣˣ



38ùʱ

ɽӵ绰Ϊν֪绰ܣνѾһУ÷йĺͲ÷йŭԹҲһԵ¶鿴
ɽܾʱ˲ãһ绰ǵԼ͸һŮ˲ˣҪ˶೤ʱ䣬һŮ˶Լ
ʵĽǲûе˿̵һһΪصġѡ
֣µľȻһڳˣ˾ͺٲȻһԷģˡ
˳͸оԾ³ȴķɿ죬һԼϤĵطʻߵķҲ˵˲̣¶һһ߶ȡ
һ˵綯ťѲŴ
˾ʣȥĸƵϳѽ
ŶȥƵ꣬һؼҡһ˵
ѵҿˣûҿ۵ʱôˡ
ôͶ϶һҪȥƵ꣬ҵɼˣ
һ۲⳵˾ģĳokҪʶУƵʱ˶࣬Ʃ˿̣µû֪ġ
ãǸźղҾ˸С㣬װưͷתȥĶҲûĿ꣬˵䣬еǮǸܰĿǰ˼Ρͷ˵Ҫٺ٣ôţ
˾Ƶĵ˾ʵĵطͻȻֹס
һۿߵ˺ٵĳ󷽺ˣ۵ٶѰٵһֺĿСûнĻ磬ԼûʲôϵҲסԼʲô¶
б˺һۣǿ۵ӣҲûп
˾ǾûȤ֧̣ڣ˵ϽȫֽԹԣһ߻мƿƿ޹ޣҶǿģһֽϱӡſҩҲư̲ġ˵ߣ߸Ѵ绰Ǯ˵ûѣѾҪˡ˵ⲻҪҵ۷ǣͱȻƽ𶼶ȱ֪ʲôӦ𣿡
˾ֹͣ˸
ɣ̫޸ˣߵڿˣƺĻ⼫ΪȤ
˾Ū˵Ҫ·Ӻô÷ͷûʲôȥҧһڡ
һЦһ˵ͲǮˣĳôԽԽ⣿
ʲô⣿˾ʡ
ǺڳɣôûһȫС
ڳǻۣ˵ˡ˾ıɽӲʼ
ûһӦߵķѾܵĽʵʵ
뺰ǻĽҹ·رڣûáǮȱߣűǸû˵һ仰ŮѱȫϵĽָڸһȴҲˡ
ڼʱڰһӳ⣬ֻҲ˳
˳ƣʲôҲ
˸ɽ绰Ǹͷ
ɽӵ绰ᣬһŮԼȳ˶ҩҪܡ
ߣùǲطʱʱȿˮĿסġ




39ص

ɽһմߣήҲ޹⣬ʱʱЦνֵֹģͦ˵ģаˣԥĸһ⣬Ȼڣࡣ
ν˿˿ûʶԼĴȡɽһӡ
Լɽķ޳ѵһƬ㯣ڹѧһѧܿͰԼ
ɽƵһ
νȴĶҲװɵװƣһõĹӸΪһɵŮӱ⸱ʵڲѽ
ɽ˹ƵҡͷŶ䣬ʲôҲҲȥʲô
νһ뿪Ц˵֪һǳңΪǸŮ᲻ѽһؾƵԼߣûңҾһ˳Ĭϣˣҵļ˻֪һϢ
ɽЩӦ֮ͷ̧Ƶ˵߰ɣǻؾƵȥ
Ƶķνԡϴһ˿˯£һ߶žӻױ˯µĴţһĵ˵㻹ʲôǸĥѽһתһ
ɽз۾ӦԵһۣԸУ޵ԸС뵱꣬ν֮ΪУʹףΣΪ촽ʲôʱǺģ˭˶һǵĳ嶯
νǸ˶ǹϵĲɵģǸʱ򱾰кַԷģкӽŵͣΪľνע⡣ɽ۲Ŵֻʥ̬ȴν֮ɽٺ˵ĸ꽻¾͸˵ĸ顣
ɽУνϻۣ鵫ȴԴǿôҲһʱ䣬˵˵ĸŵ׵£ͻȻðˣ״˸ʺš
ӡܽӴǸϣѧУŵӰνȥģмӰһμľͷν಻ס嶯ѧ˵䣬ɽͰ·Ѹ˵䣬ɴɽ§ɽעһ£ºĴӡɽġ
ǰһĻ֣ͬɽǺʱ˴󵨿ţҲڹõԭ
ɽ߬ŵ绰һ۵ĵ绰ٴδһֱôģ߬ʪʪģҲʪʪġ
νĺ촽͹ڵƤ﷭ʲôǰѹĿҪΣɽתȥ
Ҹӵûм
ɽ˵лл
㻹˵仰Ϊưˡ
ŵһڿ㡣
ϱһͷڼüŪۣɰˡ
ɽ͵͵һ۷һϢ֣
ν˷ڿ㣬ʱеģ㿴ҵġ
ν˯¶һСͷϲڿ㡣
Ȼῴıˡ
ӹһӣɽһۣ˹ȥȻһֻȫס



40йŮɲһ

ɽŵһսŽŵĶ¿ˣ״ε˵ݵĳϷѽⲻΰɣϿһȭͷһưɣ
Ҷ˭㿪ЦԼϷɣҽôţѵ㻹ʲô˼Ҫ˵˵ǲǣãôˣˣйŮɲһǵ¶ýף
ҡҿɲһˣɽתһ
ʲô˼˼˵ҾһŮ˰ˣǸȽֵĶαǵûڿ˵˭ɵװ˭أСʱɽƵĴεͣأͷˡûҪκãĵһ޳ķ׸㡣˵Ǹ꽻ĹϵҲ˶ڵģ㲻ͬ⣬ҲֻҵһԸˣôҽ㲻ԸҺá
㡭ڱ¶Ҫ˱Ƕû˼ɽʼҪ
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һѽһŮҪô֪ЩΪѿ㻹ֵôĮ
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ʲô
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Сӣ·Ҫʮֲǲʿ
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νʼ˼ɵ˯£Ѿǽ鼸ϷһҪ屩¶ǰļʸС
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ȻԣҪһ㣬һ˵ȵ̫ãһкööҪ˵ĻǵĻ񡭡
˵Ůȷʵˮȴڲ̫಻Ϊ֪ܡ¶Ҳˣǣĵá
̫ˣɽɫɺ쳹ױˣһ˳ȥ
˵˲ɫǾǼٻмˣм˲ŮӵǲҲ⣬ȥˮҪʦɽµŮϻǧҪ㿪
ȴ˶ʮ꣬ľҸʱ̵٣һԼصŮͶͱ˵ǵҸʱȴȻû˷嶯û˸оʧȥԵıܡ
ӵ绰ѽҵˣǸˣֵĥΪʲôϲŪˡɽ·ϳĴһˣҲڵʲôȴȷһ˵ݵҡʼһ۵ĵ绰ʮ㵽賿ĵ㣬һ6δӵ绰ҼǼСʱģĹַ̾ʲô飬󲻳
һߵʱ򣬿ʲôԾĵط֪ҽڣΪνԼǵĶ˺Ըҵ顣
˵ǶԵġ
Ҳ뵽ػν绰һ۴绰ٴδᡣ



41Ҹ

νһӣ˶Ĺ棬ǵصĹ档
ΪһԼϲĺƾȻ˷ģǹǵûʱ䣬ѾȥʮӣĸʮӻӣԲɽ
ʼɧģƭӣƭҵĸ飬˼Ҷ֪Ķȥһɵbb˯ȣõʱȴûһõ飬ôʰ㡣
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Ķһ۵ɽϲ⣬ʼ㲻֪жôĵģ绰Ҳӣĺѽ
ӵ绰һ۷һ䣺㲻Ҳûҵĵ绰
ˣ˵Ҫ㣬̣ϣһҲܵȥ
ΪһԼˣȴĳһָ
֪Ҳãòĵ绰ĲǹģҲԼĿԡ
ǾͲҪˣĦٻſڵʮӣʮӺ㲻ԺϾԶˡ
ɵһģҡ
֪˭ȹҶ˵绰
ɽһ۵ʱɥͷҲ˫ֱǰڵõõš
˷ֽŵ³ϣԼҹĻӲͦš
ϢỨһۿתŬԼΪǰᣬô߹Ǽ̲εĹӵеԸһܹҵ
ɽܶ˿̵飬˫ִļͷο˵Բ𣬶ԲҲãҲ֪ᷢ顣
һ۳鴤ţʹ˵ĳǿҵĶеĶһһôҲ㲻ףΪʲôҪֻأѾʲôûˣ̫ˣǿˡ
ɽ۾ɵúôôģζ벻ᷢ飬һֱΪƽңȻʲôԭ򲢲
ǿһ˿΢Ц뿪Ц˵һ֪ƭӣǿǵĺȫ֮Ըµ绰ϵ㡣
ǣҲҪİȻһУҲʩҡ
ɽͣʩᣬǿǽҲǸܺߣһἰʱԼ飬ҵ㲻һƸеˣǿһ泹չҵǰʶһҴûоúڽôһѡ
һ̲סйˮբӿɽļͷʹ
ļý׳ůҲõĴĸм֮顣
ллңҾΡ㲻ңûܹңҿܱЩؤҪңѾνˡ
ɽ˵ΪҲˣڿʼߵҾ͸Ҹ
ȷΣĺ¶
ɣǵѾ˲飬Ϊ֣ҹĺ羹ůġ




42ܵϷ

һ˵ģҲҸģʶƺ֮֮
ɽһ⳵һһʧļƣһҧʮ¾ЩΣ⳵ͺ£Ҫеù鷢
ǲҪǿһ״εĺ
ԭ뱣һŵķȣȴĴۿۣ̬
ɽ⳵ڰ֡
ëѽ⳵һƵˡ
ɽʣǾŻȥ
ȥţû˻ǵġ
ɽЦЦ˵ʱ
һۻؾһ۵΢Ц
мɽĴ֮лôʱԼϣκ߽ԼǰɽҲһ˿̿˷ܵľֹԼӦõģҲİõů
̫˽ˣԭҵ˽һ۲˼˵
˭ӺصӺǸŮһӶҸ֮еǸǿˡ
ָ·ϵϿӡ
ӵţûһ˿
ɽʣʲôʱȲˡ
һ˵׼ؼҵģһˣָı⣬ҷݹǮ㡣
ƻ˵¸Ҫı⣿ʲôҲԼԤϵġ˵ҿ⣬ֻҪҸȥĺܳһɫÿ˶һϷûֶϷǡ
һ̾Ϣһ˵ֻѣҲ˺㡣ʵ˶٣ѣǸҽܴ峤ҵĶӣһֱҶôͬģȫı˵뷨
ΪʲôҪıԼ⣬ԼԭûϷôӦأ
һ̧ͷһͷǸʱʱڰ·ƣ˸п̫ˣһһҵ̫ˣһŮӣԼ꣬Լ壬Ϊġ
Ҳ̫ˣЩڹϰѵҪô۵ĻеĻûׯׯڶôɣϢûԼ㣬ߺȥɣʲô˼Ҳʹȥ𣿡
峤еǮҵѾ˼ҵĲֻͬ⡣
ǱƵģΪβأڶʲôˣý֮ԣĸ֮أԼҸԼգҪ
ûõģıߣֽҲֻЭˡ
磬Ҵֹ᲻أɽ̽Եʡ
һȴǴʣҵҵĸĸ룬ʹˣ˼ҲȽϴܱܲһТ˳ɣ




43˼

ɽʣжٲŪƲֵģ۶٣Ҷæ׵ġ
һ۾ȵʣƾ㣬˫Ьӣ
ɽ˵֪㿴˫ЬӣҲƲˣǣң˵ĻһŬ鹻
ôôأ
һ˵Ϳʼˣ벻ԼȻôЩֲܿһ䣺Ǯ⡣
ɽˮʲô
ӡһ۱أ첻˵ӵǡ֪ĳĴķףԽɣԽҪӣǿӱȳƱҪĶࡣ
ɽ˵ҪǴ峤ûӣǾ˫˻ĲҾͲƱֵġ
ǴκӦûģĹؼʹ峤峤ʲôһ֮˵仰ʵگƵģûдġҵ˼ҵĲȫ˰ϵĸɲ֪£ô֤˻ȥҵڴҲ֪ҵ˵ƢһӲϲֱıϻţӻֱ϶ʮͷţҲ
ɽϷʵ˵㲻ҲһʲôĵʲôĹŮ
ڳЦ𣿡һ˵
ɽһҡͷûгЦֻǾԸҲֱѵͲ˵Ѿҵˣ峤Ǯokˡ
ǿҵĸĲѽѾΪӦǣΪҵáҸѾҵˡ
ô˵ɽٵʡ
ǲҵĻ̻ؼҼ档
ȥһȦҪȥǲҲҪѽ
һ˵ѽⲻͷ˱һ¡
еҿ飬죬ҾȥǮʹпʱź򡣡
ĶǮô󣬾ͬһȥҲҪȰǵЭݴͷβĸұ㵽ûǵĺݡ
ɽͰͰ죬ֻ˵һ䣺ʱѣӦ˾͸
һ˵ڿ˵Ҫһȥ˵֮ԼҵľĽ
ɽæͣ˼Ҷãֻ̫УһӸˡ
ʵɽļǵЭϵݣһǲ˵Ǻ˵ǺһʱҪԣҪȻҪһԭЭϵݣѾһʰϲŮӡ
һʲôʱſھҾͬһؼңϾߣκνڡ
ɽﲻסˣЭϵһʼн糿õĴү̲ס˵һ䡣
ţô϶Ǻѧ
ûѽϵɤӣΪҪμӸɽѵʱĲ
һסЦø첲ͱ¸µЦ
Цûгãս




44ͷ·Ǽ𲻵Ǯ

ʱɽ˸绰ĸ׷ġûʾֻǼ򵥵ΪǺѴģɤŽкյģ͸Ƶģҵòã˴ƾͺûˣԺҲȾˣ岻˵̬ٳŶҲ
ɽҲ˵һģǰʵдգڳ׻ڹˡ
Ҫһ۵ԼвٿտյģΪ˵ˡ
ӡڸ˭ĸס
ŶûСΪǰأ裬ôͻȻҴ绰
ԹԣҪǲ绰ͰҸˣ㵱Ȼھ̼ҵĺӳˣ³ҲˡҽǮ˵ھӵļʮϹϵôܹȡԾŸ绰üǮȾȼǶȹѹؾͻˡ
ɽɫ䣬ôɵ飬ܿһۣѹɤ˵û⣬ûҪǮ˵ӦøǮģ˺һ飬Ͼ͸ȥ
һװͿʲôҲû
Ҷϵ绰һòԵһ䣺ʲô⣿ôɫôѿ
ɽЦЦ˵ҹԭټʱû˶¾еţҪǶܲɣϵĿµġ
һ۵ͷͬ⡣
Χ·ߵĲƺһһ졣
һ˵Ҿý绰ģʲôҪΪҵκ飡
ĸ״ĵ绰˵ھӼҵĺӳҰǡ
ŶæһҪһƵĺ¡ڵ˾Ҳ̫ţˣײ˾͸ײƵģ׵׻ǮյġΪмǮͿԼý屨˵ĳطʩг޺ţö֤ͥÿ춼гȥϰࡣȻ޷ģҲµҪԺ·ܹŵͷˣҲǮġ
ɽţȻͷĸˣ˼ֻ˵ĿˣҪһ㻹Ŀʼһ˵
һ˵ƻû䣬֪Ǳûб仯Ҫʱ䰲һ𣿡
áɽһ˵ȥҸЩͿڼҡ
˳ͣɽһۻСѣĴСʮӣЩȥνˡ
һԺſڣģҪʾ֤ʲôģɽͰȥ
Ӻܴ󣬵ȴûп߶Ӱɽʱ䣬ѹϰʱ䡣
³İ칫һʮھԼѱͲܵͷ߷֣˷ͣţͷҰߣ
֣쾹ȻûпǸ飬ǸˣŶ̵Ĳٶ̵ȹӣִﶬû·ǰͷֵı¶ţҲǱ¶ĲֲŲñ˵ķġ
ϰʱȴӰ鲻ڣûɽֱӽ˶³İ칫ңһƨɶںƤɳϣϸߣǸе֢һ
Ϊ˭ôתۿȥͷһȡ
ˣ֪֮ѪԵϵԶǽġĸ𣿡
šɽЩǿǰ̫ࡣ



45֮Ľ

³Բʿõ˵ӭӽİɣΪҲҿųģǱϢˣ˼ȥѧѧһӵ汾£㲻ҵڵʲô̯Ҵ̯λǰ߹ʱĸ𣿡
ɽ˵£ô򵥵⻹࿼ǡ
Ҳڵ̯ʲôҪؼҲϣԱôõʱϢƺܿϧ
˭˷ʱ䣿ָңɽķʣѵҰڵ̯Աˣ
һﵽʲô¶Һò׼һ棬ȥҵ
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Բʿ˵Ѿȥˣ˵ʲôƵס
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㻹е֪֪ҵ⣬ѽԴˣͷ׵İˣĵˣͺ
˲ҲͰˣƫƫүҲϾҪˣ㿴ڵ֮ǰڴתһȦ˼˴ź޷ڳЩ˸һͣǿЦáôһôĻҲʼ½Ųܣ΢һͳҪְ
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Բʿæţһȣ˵ɽҿϰѽЩĸ׶ҵȷͬһҲĴмлôðԼ˭Ҫߵġ
ǣǸ飬ô͡ɽ޵˵֮ĹϵѾչ󲻵ĵزɣһ˵ҪŸ飬ʱôĸ׽ͣ޼ţ۲ݣ
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ˣǶģĸΪǰ£ӴԺǾǿ
˭Ҫǿѽ
Żûƿȴ˽νͦĺɫְҵװػͷ߸ߵһְҵ˵ݳǰ
ȻѾ״̬
źյԲʿǰƵĆ¿ˣ˵·ζ³˵ͲȥԼȥͷϵĺӣݼǳտ
Բʿļ򣬿ǿɽڿԼ˫˻ȥһ˵ˣ
νɽ߷ߵ˵ῪЦҵȵĶҲӰӣЩǿġ
ɽǣʲô鷳ѵ˼·ѣԾǲˡ



46Ů˵ĵλ

ν͵͵˵ĪǴǸ˰ɣʲôǹӶһͨԱѡûʱӸϹˡ壬³֯ٿһȫ飬ɹ˾ÿŵĸټһⲡ׳Ķصʲô̶ȣûƵĿܡ
ɽɳҲ
Բʿ˵ոջһ˵Ҫĵĵط̫ˡ
·ҾͿǹˣԼƶ˼ƻҪѹ˾Ӫһµĸ߶ȣ֮صҵҵǶꡣûмκɫԶְ¹ʷĲȡ
ν˵ʱһı׳Ѿһܴľģ֤ԼǸ֮ˣʵУ౻ĸѧ˵ͷһ
ź˵룬˾ܿҪ¼ˣǹ˾Ļ𡣡
ɽӵһۣƺ˵ʲô¶
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׽ԭʶǶ³ĶӣƢĸɴͬ
ʶʶûгʱǾѾʶԩˡ
ǸʲôףţõģǸиˡ
Ҳһѽ⣬֪ò˵νŪ˵
ʲô⣿𣿡źɻ˵
νͷҵĵλܸߣŶ
ҺһǴ򹤵ģֻҴʱһ㣬˼Ļš
ν˵̫ǫˣ֪ϰĹϵһ㣬Ҳ֪̫顣ףȹӿƯֻϧһء
ź̿ЦҲôΪǣϰȴ˵ոպãҪ춼ˣӦö˵Щġ
ղڳϹڹĻѾһ㣬һ͸¶һЩ

Բʿ˵㻹ǰôƯܸɵŮӲúðգϹʲôûҵϣ粻ĵŮϹϵ
ɽûһƽ
ʱ䣬¹ˣҪҪ˵˵ʮǰ¥Ҫ¥£ʲô¶ȴƫƫҵĹҸǣΪǹʵͣһСʱÿ¹ʽǧ飬٣Ҫǲǡ֪ô֣Ҳȥ˴ˡɧɧҲ֪ΪĴ۶ѡֻǣҪ̰һʱ֮´
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ԲʿĻ£ôˡҪǮһһϼӹܽҲڸ㵽ز
ɽд˽˳쵽ǮõǮ飬ԲʿһοΡ



47嶯ħ

ɽ˵ˣνţҵ˼˭ãֲһ˲ţ˲гһȦȫ˲šͷʲôȱѧɲȱһͲҲţ˵һҪҪһԼ˽ʱ䡣ףĳĴµķסŮʧŮԱ֮δؾͻҲһ꺢ӣ˺ȥԼ룬滮ȵһе·;ԼѡġУҪ֮ɱһ֮ȥӰ
Բʿ벻ԼĺȴһԼߵȷЩʺĸףСʱΪûǮһ׵ĿʼƴǮӴ˻ƴǮǮȷһ㣬֮Ƿݸʵˡ˵ҲԣӦʮĴܻܲ粽㵽÷ֵʱҪֵġ
ʲôȥ˴ѡĻע˫ҲӦʣǲܸıġ
ǰԲʿҲŭƽ͵˵㳤ˣҲʱ˼ҲЩ˻κ㣬Ψ׮޻飬Ǽܸĸĵġ
ɽ˵ʲôҪҾҪһԼĸ飬һԸһϲ˽顣
Ƣʱ࣬ʢκҲǺԼԸһζɡȻ˵Ǿ˵Ѿӵһݸˣ㳹׿ǳٶ˵ɣ
Ѿ͸ˣһĵ֡ɽԤڻ࣬Ǿ̸ۻ
ɣڵһ
һǵŮӣļǿҡ
ЩǮ͸𣿡Բʿʡ
ǣڰһҪˣ˵ֻǽãǻḶϢġ
ļͥλôӣ
ɽ˻Դ˵Ҳֻ֪ϲˣȥ˽ļͥǶôƶҶһһչ
Բʿ˵ұ뾯㣬ȶǽڽǮϵġֻаػûгƱܣȥ磬Űܶ嶯ħνļͥҪݣҪӣôͽ˼һʲǽϣǲŽһԣһ˫Ҫٷܶꡣǹˣ͸ĲƸĸ׾ͷۣҽƫȥץҩȥҲ㲹ĿǷһҪ˵
ĸлл㣬ҪעѽȻұ濴ȥ飬ȴǷǳģһҪظǾ仰ԶҵĸףҲǹġټ
ɽԲʿҺļҵڲúģҲϣ㻹ڽͷڵ̯Ѿܹ⸱ӵġ
ɽЦ˵ܶԺ飬ӦҶģôҪԣټɣ
Բʿֻգ˵ټ
ɽĶνҪԼ޷һľҲǲġ



48

һ۽ӵһ绰绰һذըͶ࣬˲ֹͣ˺
һɤװģٶҩζʮ㣺ûĵĶһҪȵȫ˲ſϻǮƣ֣˲˼ȴٳٲӰӻ˷ˣǿЦģҲľ嶤ģשͷǽѾʼʩ㲻ԶҪı
һֻһû䣬绰Ͷˣͷŭȹˡ
Ϣˮ˫ۣһҹδµƣ뻹ûгȥȴһ˲ͻĵġ
Щ⣬޴峤İԵ峤ӵ޸ĸΪʲôԼȥʼԼ
һʱ嶯ΪֹӦܹ쵽ڿƳλˡ֮ǰǸƳûʲôʣ߸ûж飬ľǹϵȥˣҲˡϷһ۸͵񣬿Ƴλþġ
ͷһ뵽ҪͿʼˬѽǸССĿƳ𣿲񻹲ҸˣҾͲа
ľûķݶ
ǿ͸ˣᣬҲкܶ㿴ߵĶɿʲôãÿȥԡʱϹһнǵʯˮȥĥĳ˶ʯ⻬ģӦѧԲһ㣬Բһ㡣
ĿǰΪֹһûѧԲͼıԼǽɽ׸ģƣǰҲװֿɰ崿ûǸ
ɽǰɫñ˿
ɽ˸绰˺룬׼ͣû뵽绰ȴȹˡ
ɺϣνϬƺ˵һ໥Ӧõ˵׼ϼңϹ
ɽ¥£˵¥
һţʲôҲҪֻҪкԼְokˣؼݴ񡣡
ǸģΪ֪ҪҲҽģ˵ؼҵҪ޷죬ǵҵİţҪȻ㴩鷳ˡ
һûҲûзԡ
յ¥£ɽʹ󵨵ĸ첲Ц˵׶ΣҪ˲ûȱ
һ۽ӵϼҵĵ绰֮һֱƲɽЦסЦˡ
׶Σ˵˾ǺϻƭˣҿɲϴĽ׶οǲġ
ɽ˵ˣ׼ʲôʱȥǸ׼ְ
Цֻܿһġһǿеһ˿΢Ц
ڿʼҪѧһŮϲؾ
̳ɽһƷһװ̯λһֹͼװ˵ҿɲΪһ˼ҶĸծۣûбҪ׶
ɽЦЦ㲻˵ҪҲ⡣
һ˵ϰ༸꣬ûùҲȷе㲻ʸ񡣡
ҪҪĶǻ㽲ġ
һΪɬһĶأɽǼװȴ˵󣬺ܱˣ



49ĪĽ

Ʊʱ򣬷˸ССĲ
ɽ˵ϸٱȻ𳵿Ķ࣬ô࣬һȴִҪ𳵣ôγȻû˵ʱΪѵԭ򣬵һҪԭǾ¡
㵽ң֮󲻳ֳ˵һ顣
ɽЭˣЭԵΪԼ˵һ仰Ǳ˵ģҲû˵ãںĲѡʲôĽͨߣ;ķ羰羰顣
仰һ۵»İõ֮ĿС
ǻؼңǰҲ̤гһ׳ʿżֱ׳ֳ嶯дϲ
Ȼ˻ȥ·ϣȴΪأѻԼһ޳ɣԭϡеҲ֪˹ҹˣһҹ֮䣬˴Ļ⣬£ﱻһҲ֪Ҫ˴չȥ
붼һĥһĥؼҸһ޷ܵĥȵӻ໹Ҫʹ
ɽһγԶţһͷһȥԭСһֱƲס˷ܡ
ǰʱոմһϷҲʼһٶȾˣջŶڵ´磬ͻ˺Щӷ׵޷´6һ17ȡµǼ죬һûгţϾС¡ϷͻȻǲһӦ
ɽһۣԵм־нʶһͿʼ̸벻ʲôĵģΪһֱвӰơ
𳵵ҲǺܶ࣬һжôĸоá
һ˫֣һ޿εĵļƣǣһҲоãȰ˵ҪԼЩ·㵹ãȫΪҼ׼ģ˿Ҳ㲻ôãǵͻڵġ
û£Ҳ䡣ɽ˵˹ϡ
˵еˣŰɣ
ɽһ׺ɫװ˼TûдͷƤЬҸоһۼԼڲκ㲻һ˿죬ûйı顣
Ҳһ¼⣬˧˧ɽе㲻֪߳ܵ׷
˧̫˧ֱ˧ˣ˧ʲôأһŴ̾һ
ɽǻ˵ôˣǸŮףµĺӿƯġ
滵ҿɲ㿪Ц
ʵˡ
ޣŲҪأⱲҲģ㻹ұ˰ɡȥ޵ԭʼɭŮӺģб¾һֱȥ齨һԼС˵ģ㻹˧ġ
ллϷȴͻȻʼĪĽš
һһĳ飺ҲܽţͶãֵû˷ԩǮ
һ⣬Ҫʵشҡ
һ۵ͷ



50

ɽԥʵϲһŮӣӦôȥǳĬȥ
һۿʼΪĻŶȻԸͰٶȷſҪɵ׼õˡ
ǣҺ£첻ϣΪҾٶϴͲռơ
һЦ˵ǾҪͶ룬ڵŮӺʵģؿµϣѽ
ɽµϱһҲûУעҪġ
ǾҪ11·ʿˣ׷ˣ
ɽ̾һڹⶺ֪֪ԶľжԶ𣿡
һգ۾˵һҡͷ
ţԶľǣߣȴ֪Ұ㡣

𣿡ɽ˵
һšüͷű˵죬ҳױˡ
ҵϵѽҪ˵Ķôײҵġ
Ĳ֪Ҫʲô˼ֱ˵˵
һƳзģɽĸ첲ҪҪһݣһҡͷ
ɽĳ˵֪˼鼤ɣ˹ˣóԣ˯ưɣһ˿ǲУһ˧ѻؼңƺˣüչģȥôϣҪġ
Ҳ̫İɣһ˵ͱ۾ɽɻĿ˻һ˳
һƬκη羰
ɽҲЩˣƤֱܣſϸܼҪļʱ̡
һ˸ΣμԼҲҲˣһİĵط̣ڣҲڡ
˼û˻Ӧ죬ԶǵĽ
Żˣƴıܣǽ²ʹʲôסƵģžм̶ļУĳıǻĹЦտʼһ˵֮ԽԽ࣬Ҳ
һ۳׸ܵ˾ĺ壬ͳһѷذ״Լࡣ
ʱ󺹣ߵɽҲ˽кǿĴӰ﷭һ·ϣѾԭؽ磬Ҳʼú䡣
һԭΪ˻һһӭĹֻҪ˵ؼҵϢһľ͵Ⱥڴڵǿϻ¡
ڣϻ¿һˣģ紵֨ѽҽС
⳵һֱԹ·̲ã˻ǮһˣͣɽȴҪſڡ
һ۶м֮飬ֱĻ׳棬ʲôá
ߵſڵʱһɵˣΧˡ



51ɫת

˾˷˿۾ǰһĻһ˵Щ£Թԣⲻǰɻö˶˵һ˼ҵ׵˭⻧˼ҲǺܸԣǵ׻˭أ
ɽҲЩţŲǰѹѹȺ
ƨ£һ۱֮У˾£ھһ䡣ǿߣɽŵһ¡
ǰ߱ŵľҼңõġһС˵
аоͦõģĺСԺש߷飬ﳣдҲʲôѽսڸֽˮ֮УĶǣթΨǱȽϰݵ
ɽ˵ʱ۾һֱһ۵ļſڣĿڶһֲԤУƺܼ֡
ɽԤвûеͣһשͷһɳӣ˾ӳͷĳſڵߺʲô
һۿУȺﲻ֪˭ָһͳͳĿһۼϷһ˸Ϊʵ顣
ɽ̽ʣʲôҪҪȥ̽ûΣգ
һסĸ첲жҵ˵ʽĺԼʼЧһ״̬µҲòʵ˵ǽĺֵܼ鷳㿴ⲢǮܹ⣬Ǹ̫ʦϵϼһǴ峤˼ͷкܶϵûܹô
ɽ˵Υģȥǽ˷ǿǲˡġ
ûõģֱڶţ١ҪңЩºԤϡ
˼Ҫȥֹ֯ͣж𣿡ɽʡ
ȻѾɱķˣӦûȥԡһҶҲ㱻ǣȥ
ǰһˣ𲻵ֻΪ¶ĸԸΪ£Ǹˣ˾͸þˡ
̫ʱ̫бҪˣֻǻϳʱıһԼݣѵĽɫǰһϰ壬ǮĴϰ壬ֳһȴ󷽵žֹҲһϷҲ
һ۴˿̸һݣڸԱ̨ʽ⡣
ɽʳƵĵͷɫתҲһѶȣһСս
ҪҪظһ飿һɻأĺмٷʲô飬Ȼ˾Ҫǰһ
ڸʲôȻ˾͸³ǣĪ緹ɣ
ɽ˵ޣžŵ࣬ըʱڣϹϣʱֻüƷѾͺˣһӰ
̫ˣɱҵ˫ۣǾ͵ȰɣѿӰеʱ䣬Ѿ125Ǯ
峤ԸԸĹͷٶȲҪ̫ˣҪľĥǣˣȴӰҿûô˵ġʲôҹһģ޵Ҽǰ㡪ոˡ
ͷͷ
ʱΧ۵Ⱥ
ԺȴǾĵģһĿݿᣬԲߡ




52һ˵ս

һһߴһ߰̾˵ϣʮ궼һȴǸġڴ̧ͷ˵۽һļءŮҿûɧҵʱУʱĪǿ󡣡
һٷһ͵ͶŮֻͷɣл٣һ˼Ѿͷ֪
ôϢľˡԴͱ˳صſǷҵծ͵Ļšһ۵ĻϣĸԤܵû氮Ļʱϲһˣڸĸǿи棬ͼ޸ͳԼƢ˲ϡͿĹ˼ʮꡣȷһΣգʱ䶼ȥˡ
ýͲʱеȷʹҪҪӣھ˵һţµԭܼ򵥣ǰӣҪŮپջͻȥΪһʱ̰ռ˶ŮһҸ
׻˵ĺãѣǡиһ۴绰ʱ˵Ĳ岻ףд绰ŵĲغ˲񡣵ȵ峤µʱԼûٷǾ仰˼
ٷҾԼǵûȴԵ޹ʵԼϣһӣ˿ȴôҲ̲סˣҲ㵹㼸ʮƴƴҵõʲôˣ֪󺰴иʲôҧסƵģҼʮͷ۸˭˵ˣ˭֪ҵĿвôˣǵøɻ˻Ҫȥ̤ŵʱעһծġǣûӣǹʲôʲô˺ܹؼЩ𣿡
ٷҷйһƨɶڵϴڴڵĴŴ
ǱڳˣھͷѪҲȻ㲻˵ҪǻҪѻҪǻɱ𣿹峤ʹʲôҾͲүܿ˱ԼСҶŮȻԳƵȰοšֱڿ죬бҵͲٶˣǼĻ˿ģԼ̸һѡ
˭ϡؼֶʲôã˼Ҫˣ˾Ҫ˫˻񣬾ǰȫҲ˼ҡȴ̯¶꣬һľ
ǧڲٳĬԼССҾͲȥҴ򹤻ˡ
ڴǸĹԹŮԸĸƴӣ߶Ǽ顣
ޣͷĭ˷룬СҲŷɵȫϣϣɱӣ϶ʱΪʲôԼӳԣ³֪᲻¶ôʰ㡣ӾѪͷҲǸŷӣ绰Ҳ֪żȥ죬ľҰˡ
ٷҳ̾һ̾
ӣɣ̫Ҫðġ
ԸвУԼĹŮŲȥ˭ѽ
ҾƢǸĲˣ㻹һʶСƵŪָͷ
Ƥϰ죬һ·ˡ
ٸ绰йĵ쾹ûһźš




53˭˭˳

ũĶǱȽУֵԽ£Խ࣬ѲԺſΧļһ
տʼעǴ峤ָӷŵģעϾͿʼתˡһɫĽγоʣһ۴ӳǸеȣͬһһ겻ѡ
һ¶˴ſںУһϷͲÿˣҲⲻסˡ
˵ҲǣϷϰ죬ڿǵǳ
һŭ壬ȴһʹԼָƽԽǷƵʱԽǵñ򶨣ͷָ˭ѽǿЦġ
Լ黹Լ
תĿ⣬峤ԸеƶתʱһѾ絽ǰ
ԸһѽһԵڵϡ
ӵȻֹ
һۿ˵ҵĴ峤ˣã˾޴ĶҸоеΣлҳôĳ㵽ҪʲôҪˣһ˶ҾǰҪǮĻ͸֣Ϊҵļˣ㻹۸ˣи̣Ҷкý
ԸŻΪΣ˦˦첲ȣĲΡһӡܻΪ䲻ĳһԽԽƯʱ͸
Ǹᣬ㿴ʲôĶͳȥôʱ䣬ҲûиӦýַھӺ˶ڿЦҲˡ͵ǵ棬Ҹʹ컰ͬⲻͬһ仰ҳԸ衣
˰Ѵ峤ק˹ҧгݵ˵ʲôģͬͬ⣬ͬҲͬ⣬ǲˣҲ˲ˡɤŸƵģΨ
һѹסŭ𣬵˵һ˾һһ𸴵ģֻﲻʺ˵¶Ҹĵطѻ˵͸ȻìܻԽԽ
ҵģ֪ȥˣɡ
ԸӻϽͣԼգԵѵ˶Ӽ䣬ȻһЦ˵һۣڴҲһˣѧãƾòڣũ˲ŪЩͷԵ飬ڳ͸ӣ𲻴Ӧһ仰
һһʱ֪λش𣬿ǰѾѴŷ⵽˰һ壬㣬㿴ɻˣô𣿻ǰǽ˰ɣŶŤѽ
ԸһϺڣͣ
Ǳ߾ֹͣĻơ
һ˵壬ǲ˰ɣ֮ԩһ
˵ȱ𣬻ûд𸴣ʲôʱ˴ٲ𲻳١
Ҳʼۿˡ
ӣզʵ˼ҶõѽӦʲô˵
ǰƢһףǽγôѽ
ѽѾˣĪǻ׼ߣ
һĵĻԸ󣺡ôôüëģ׼ߣ
һЦЦǧܻû˵ǲߵģûǸǮϼ͡
ģ¶˲̵֣ģҲĳ˲Ź˺Ƣ



54е㻳

һۻˣſ˫ֹ𣺡ûǸҪɣûиѣȻŲˣҵ黹Ҫȥ÷ǵģ
䣬ԸȴˣʲôƳͣҵĵ̣ⲻս
һҡͷܵϣɥˡ
ô˰ɣɽе׷ʣѾĬȥˣɵɵڳڻһޱӾ֪鲻סһ䣺ԽԽã쵶ն顣
һ۳Ƶ˵ѽҪǽô˵ȥɹؼ˼ҾͲὲ
ɽʵҲ˵Ҫͬ׮һֱڵĵ¶ǷˣǺʲôʲô
һŸɬ۾˵ҲͬģǮʲô˲ģǶǲ֮ƣҲûǸãѾ׻ˣҪôҪǮҪôҪˣǵĵĿǶġ
ɽסŸѵ촽ҼΪĸеڲĻȻһ۲һˣƵԤܶ飬һݶİ⡣ҪǵԼԼܾûлˣڿȻתԼȫ԰ԼԸɷӣҪԼҪϵ޹ϵ
ֵϳˣͿôƽǵ档Ȼģǲ׼̣֮ҪǣһҪǷġ
㣿ƾʲôһ۳˻ɻǻɣţ˵Ϲˣûмֲ֪ߵغˣοһˣҲΪᣬ׳嶯֪ǳ
ңɻ㲻ҪңҲôģ֤ſƽƽġ
һĿ˵һǲţҪȥ϶㣬߰ٺٽ
Ϲҡɲһųˣҵû͸ҵʲôҲҪ˵ϸĽһң˵ĳĳطĳĳϰ壬ⷢӣؼʱ̾ͿϵĬ̶ˡ
ʦ߰ɣûʲô¶һָĳɲзˡ
һ۴ߴ˾Ͻ뿪ԽԽãԽԶԽá
˾ǮͲգ۹ͲӰĻɳ
Ըɵˣˣȴӳһߴˣʼͣɽϡ
壬ãǸ㽲ˣϷʶһѧкܴҵҪ￼Ͷʣ㿴ôԶܵǴܾ֮ܲɣ
Ը֪ʲôϷһһ㶵ġ
ð죬Ըص˵ﲻҪʲôʣǸʺĵطҵ¶
ɽǻˣ˹ģԴ峤μҪôСòãҸһʶôˣҲطʵ¶ڿʵҪݸˮ£
Ƥһ̵ݸԸһУȻڳÿ˷һ֧
һһӹˣԸȴûнӣߺһĶĹĶȥ
ɽŲæ˵Ϊһ֮ȥΪһԩ޳ļͥҾȺڷ¸ȴϹ㣬ٿԼʷֵġ
Ͻɣʺɽһࡣ




55ﲻ

˵ĲԻǽ˰̣ߵʱԼߵġǾ仰Ϊһ֮صΪϰտǷ¸ȴˣƵ˸忴Цʵڲѽǲѽǣ˵ûɣ֪֪ʲô
ԸͭɫʱɫЩҲסˣ̫ʦҲûǰôˡ
Χ۵ȺЩվеѾʼ˳
ɽסЦԼûа׷ѿ࣬ǲֻ֪ῴЦո֣ȻѾ˻ǾҪȴ¯Ѳ񣬼ˡ
֪߻ͬƵһˡ
һеţмο˸̾˵ˣԼѧٸ߶ʲôã˼Ҽ仰ͰԼ˵ſˣڴˣ±ԼĶࡣտʼصĻɶڿĶˣɵ˸ԼĪһ˿⣬Լһųĸף˼Ҷ˳ֹǺ¡
ûļ׸̵ӡǾƢ˵ӲˣͱˣԶԶģס̨Ҫôһϼѡ
˼ĵ绰ػ
ʵ֪Ľֻǻ֤һԼжǲȷġ
Ҳǣθڣ˵Ϳ˵ġһºŽøŮŹȺкˡ
ǰ˸Ƕأ
ûָܿϷ˭֪Ǵ峤Ҳŵ˽ȥƺˡ
ɽŪɨһȦĿۼһϡ
һۻĵͷ
ɽصЦЦϷĿ˵ѽͬһʱӣƶȴôĴ˼ڴίæŷǮźͨͨĳƱϲ֣ǽһѽҲǴ˻Сÿ˶зݶÿ˶ƽȵġǣҲãڼׯҲգĿʲôȻǮ£ǮܳԵĺãĺã˯ĺãأ峤Լ˵ʺĵطо仰˵ĺãʲô̬ȳɾʲô¶
ֶܷǮأһǮҲǮŹǮظȤִ˲˵׷ʡ
ɽŬŬ죬˵УЦ˵ǷžȼÿҸ㣬ÿ𲽼5ԪϲⶥЩ˼ϰҲЦ
Ը󱻳˽ƵĿ̫ʦϣɽһȳͻҪۡ
Źֿʼʣ㲻ںûɣһũһܷôǮˣʮҲЩǮ̫ˣôǮң겻ҳԺȶġһ˵ҵﻹģȥǶũҾͲˣ˼Ǯƾʲô
ɽ˼˵رޣͶ˶칤ϰ࣬ŮѧӳͣѧѻѧռӦҲýѧˡ
Թԣôһ˵һȻʣǸש缸ͱ˳аˣЧ滹ɾǲзֺ졣峤ˣ˵ǲǣ
عȺУɢˣɢˣϹ塣




56֮˱пɺ֮

һЩ̻ɽԼҲе㷢ˣһЦ־ЦĹ¾Ȼǣջ񣬲ߣЩ׼뿪ǺȻ÷
ɽķйȴʼ˵ĳ嶯ѾȻ޴档ԭʼĿֻǷȰ峤ֹͣţ峤ǿĻһ۴ӻļнѳѰһԼĿ֣û뾹ԽԽԶԽԽ׶ȥ׾ͻã峤ԺӷҲᷢǿµϷ¼ͷĻһһңԤ֮֡
Ŵ峤һĿ࣬ɽǼȷһ֮飬˲ʧӰ٣ûʲôÿģǰķ¼֤֮˱пɺ֮
峤ˣǸש޿˽˰ɣˣһ2816۴һǧˣÿ˾Ӧ÷1600Ԫûмһͭ壬ҿѣȻҲ׷¶ġ
ģıһֱûţʮ˻˵ԼǴУһνִҩΪо⣬ӹĵҲͼֱԸټҽ̳ϵĴʦ۽찲Լ޽𴲺󿴼˶ҲΧ˹ӾŪԵɡ
֣ĿǼװʲôҲûп漰˸棬Ųӵү˭
ָĵıӺǳ⣺ҩгǣߴҸ˰ɣһӹƨɡ
ҵ¶˭㣬ӹƭ飬ʮ˴ҲĻɫǵǮ³1600飬ߺҲ֡
㡭ҭ޻ɽ
ԸƵĴ̫ʦɤӣˣһʶҲŷ룬Ǵǵңˡֳ幤ͷ£ˣȫˣӲҲϹJBҸ㡣
ȱ˭Ҿ͸˭һ۰һӡ
ɽһͷˮڳ˸ú档
ԸȰţһѽǴѧʵˣ¶
˲ңҽ嵽һûпҵļˣǵΣҲö֪֤˭ȥֶ¡
ɽͳֻļƬ
໥ϵ޷죬֮ǰƵġ
㣬㡣һֱſŷʹĺУǣﻹ϶Ƕúõġ
Ը̯˵ˣŸҪ˲Ų𣿡
ϲ㣬
жϵĳһɨ⣬զҾ˵ѾͷģҼƣүȥҪǣǸǻǻ㲻ǼƤҳҪȥδĹү
̫磬峤ͷô˼ֹͣŸĲǽˣ˵һܷſֲ
ˣҴǸ˧˧



57ìͷʼת

ڴſڿ峤ԸӼèһӣԺӵĽﲻϳ
ѸٵĶԸÿסЦЦŸɤźǣô?ɣѾԺһֱΪԶȥǸѵõĺӣϲȵеĶߴߴġ
жУŲ
ղһۣôֵģѹѹһƬ˵峤ܰôһĭܰ˸ǰûи˭͹ȻҲûյ˵Ķ鵽Ǿ䡮˼ҵֶ̡С
ԣ⻰һҲ٣ƽʱ峤צͷôϡͿ˼ĲأϰԹԼ˼ǮʱԼֺ˵ԼĹŮ˵㡣
ʵ仰һ˵ͺˣϾŮˣԼ˼룬ȥĸ棬ͷں޲ѵĿ»ԼϰһӣԼԼƢŹ֣éʯͷֳӲÿִϵʱԼͻȭͷϰʾϰίֻܲĵףʱﾴŵǰ߿࣬Լ¹ϰĿԡ
ϰ龭˵ĻǲҸģΪܰԼԸȼ޸һˡ
֣ԭûͣԼĲ㣬̶̼Ӿ֮УķһȻʶԼµк͸˴ľ޴˺
һĶߣһһ࣬ʹѡ
ͬͶһöԭӵƵıըìͷȻˣֱ峤Ը
ͷԾģһᵽͿʼСӵĻҵ飬ûйϵҲܲھ͹ש飬ȥˣ
ǰ뵱潲¾Ͳ°ҹšǵǮԺζģ򷿵ġøڰǻ
յԸ󣬳˼챥Ͳ֪˭ˣҿ峤ǵͷһʮĽаү
ԸͬߵڹһһʵɻرܣԼľûǼ٣ǽаүѸߣ۲˵ү䣬Ǵ㼸⣬Ҳñš
ߣ۸
Ըһû¶˵ҿԽԽСˣٹһɾҪ⹫ϷĹ;ſڣǸҹﵽ۴￼ģϿӭӡ
峤šӵһˣǽ½½ˡ
үѹչõİ죺Դ峤ҵĶ仹ȴװɵҪùչͷſϻش𣿡
һЦˣһĲáɽóʱû˸˹Ҳ͵͵Цˡ
Ըʵڶ㲻ȥˣ˵үûкĿ˸ȥҸͷõĵطɹɹůɴˣͱ¶
ҿûЩڸǲסģҵĹײǮҲˣҪҪⱨӦġ




58ڷĹ

βס˷ܵĺ㣬㣬ǽݣɡüĿҲۼһݶ˸лۻ
һתӿǺܾã˵ȥæᶫȥ¶
ŶҲǵģ˼ҴԶȴ˼ҽݺȿˮ̫ûò£Сڶͦࡣ
ɽЦ˵ʲôһһץס첲ɿȥССѾƾɲ𲻶ϣδȼ̴˱Ƕ
һ۴ĹɽѾڹǰͷл߶Űӷ𡭡ֺһԸ
һ۲ʣѽصģǲߵĶͰݵҲ
ɽһЦŪ˵й¶ҵȻŷˣһһϵķҵӡｲƱж񱨣Ҳʲô͵õʲô
ڻԼһּСʱϾܹμһЩȽֵշһҹȻμվڽּһӲӵĴҲ֪⾿ζʲô
ɽ˵ܺãǿɲһ˵μμģҲ֤Եڵ㻯㣬㼰̡
ģһ۵۾ĺôô󣬺˵̫ˣôͷһΡ
ɽ˫ֺʮдʣŷ֮˲ɱ͵аԷƣɣ࣬ڣʶƣɣ̰аҴӲƭˣǰʱ䱻иƭĲġʱ·ţɫӵĺסҵȥ·ǸʲôǶû˵ͳһһͨº˵ӡ÷ԵѰ99Եˣһˣʱûж200Ǯٺ٣֮ôţҪǮģ˵Ǹ̨ɽ⣬ܹⱣ²ſԴϣҰŰɣʱΪûʲô¶͸ǣ˭֪ǾȻȥһҹܻᡣ
ڵƭ̫ˣ˷ʤʵ£ƭǵ飬ֻҪǲΣڿˣͻظͷ
һЩȵ˵ôڽ񻰹£ô˲ȥƭרˣ̫û
ɽ˵ҾҸӦðȥƭˣһǴġ
ǲƭƭͻҪޣһĻԣڴ峤ǰ˵ʲôԣǴ̤Ҽżʱ򣬾ҪسŵҸˣĻǷòĻõв
вҰɣ㣬עˣϤ㡣ɽЦ
һȴһ֣࣬µ˵ǳ֮ؼҵļ֪ǵĹϵҲ֪ˡˣ֮Ĺϵһν㣬ҵĸĸһҪ䵭ԹУôĵĻô˵оǲҪ׺ʹǴڨҲΪ֮Эȫҡ
ɽ˵Ѿʼˣ췭ظ˵Ķиоݵģɱɱ峤棬ҲҲҵڴߴ󡣡
ǻģ㲻Ը뿪Ϊʱ
ɽЦ˵ĶҾûһĺø𣿡
һ۲˼ĵĵͷ



59еĻ

ɽ˵Ϊʲô˹ִʱѵûҲһøһҲҸ֣αװϲʵϲϲҲһְο
ƣ͸¶һֳΡ
һ״򲻶һӣʵҲ֪ȴǻȵģλ·;лڵĴ峤ͷûӦ̧ͷˡ
еĵĲǴ峤ͷɽԾԾе⡣ڵʱɽҲʵ⣬Ȼûоܾش𣬵ҲûбʾĬϣʹԼôһЩõĸоҲıףû˵ûǸ顣
һۺѸһȽĴ𸴣ڵ˵ҿǷľ͹ˣҲ֮Эճ̰УȷҪʲô飬һеһƺö֪ҾҸͲʺ㣬ҵûƯҲûнõģҲͷˣͥͲҽһ۾ͿҵΪνӻ˵ΪǮǸ峤ϱ˼Ҷˣȴﲻҳ֪ѾʼƲˣ˴峤ҲʹưոݣһٶʮģҾԻᱣȫ
ɽƲƲ˵˵ʲôԽԽ˽£Թԣûɽ¹ʱ򣬼£һ˶һ֮ǰعˣҺȻԼֶһΣ㣬㣬Ҫ֤ļ˲κ˵Ĺ
һ۳ĬˣΪ޻ɽǰʵɽ˵˶ܹȫĶȹһ١
˵ûб˿԰æ
һ۵ֻض
߰ɣ϶ģһҪúõϣϣܹңΨһĿǧʧ
ɽһϵ˵ôѽ˱ҵֺϷͷİɡ
һۻǷĲ£ָͷҪ
ſڵǶɢˣָˮһƽɢһصͷԶԶĿȥмֲ
ݵϣŶȣѺң̲ζ
ٷΧȹ߳޿κε̾ˣٳһ㲻а˼ҿ಻ŹۣƽʱҲˣˣҲָϡϻѽ̫ˣ峤ͷûŪٳӾͲճˡ
ááңˣԺģҲˡӣ˵Ҹýйүػǽֺأ
ʲôүһ۲˵۲ıһ£˾Ͱ£оأã峤ֱǱɽ

϶ӵ˽ݡ
һЦ˵ܣǵ绰ﾭᵽǸɽѧҵԼ⡣
ֽеáãһãһûʲôѹֵǱ£Աɽɽٺ٣ԱɽݵСƷЦˣɽʲôģ
ڵ̯ЬӵġɽһǾн
ŶСģҲãɹĴϰ嶼ǴСġ
ٷҲһ䣺ѧҵģӦǺưɣ
ɽ˵ûϹѧֻ˼С
Ŷ



60ʢ˥ľ

һЩ޵ݣĴɽͰѻ㷲˵ǽҼҵλӢˣ϶Ȼ˳ƻڶУѧϰɼһֱλӰס
ŶɽĮ˵Ѵҵóַ˰ɡ
һ͵һţԣʱÿ˶׼ĸ߼̣Ļѣ϶Σmp5
ŬԼеĲ۾￴һ޾ʧεı飬һ˺ѷεܺʹ
ҪЧ״ﵽˣҿЧ
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ǣǲԼķִкŵ绰ȥˣǸİ룬ûнӣԼɣжĮС
϶Ȼ˳ƵգѽһŬ˵㣬ҵļǧ֮ĴȻǸѪŶñ䣬һܿ𣿡
ǰ㣬ԼԵδǾٵȵȣҪ̫ǿŤŤţʲô壬ʹʣҲңڣôʹ࣬ԽԽˡŪmp5ȴôҲ˲
һ̾סĴãģƢסˣŮܹ˳Ͳˣָʲô»˵ͷϣ󣬵Ǵ峤ͷҲûзϣֻǻʱ⡣
һۣ˵ʵǲĶģôԽԽˣʲôëɣ
һС˵ǸˣҺܺãܻչˣһѵﶼһ˾ϸѡġ
ְ˰ڣҵ˵֪ǵʲôżи˵һֵֹֹĽʲôĲһһץ񣬲о߰ɣ
ٷҴߦһࣺҽҿͦģ˼Һ£Ǽһ۲˼ҽô໰
һæͣҿûǸͣ˼ѪյĴһŮǲһֱΪҵĻò˸ǻ߰
гĳһһϵľľȥɡҺʶԼĴ󣬲ñˣֻҸҲûа취㿴ЩˣŮʮ߰ˣҲǼˣżѽ峤ͷҪȥʲôֻȥǴС
϶ٷҲˣԼ˼ǿӵͷϣ峤ͷҲһŵĽ˵˼߾ߣֲϷɵ˵˼һֹ˴峤ţӹˮ˰ɣת۾ɾˡ˼ңȫûˡҿ㴿ǽлҪ׼˺óԺúȵģ˼ҳԶٷ˽һҲǿеģ
ҪǲϲھߡһһֵܸĶ
㣬ʵϷ˧ģҿԡ϶ʼ
ѽϾֻ֪Ƥëѡ֧֡
еͷһжŮʢ˥ѽ



61˵ʵ

кȻһ£ġЩɶͷԣ֪ġҵ׶Ρ
һۣȥļﶼʲôˣӦ¥ɣмѽ˵ǸطģʲôģҲǰڵ̯ģ
һһ۾һʯصѹԼͷϡЩȻӱϿܼ񣬵ҲǷǳʵġ
־͹Լ̫⣬ϸ΢⡣˿̣Ŀʼˣԣظ»ѻĲˮ׼һ߰Ūֻһ߽˵ȥɽԷ
ӣճǼ֪ǲ֪һᵽͿʼЩֲ֪ģ᲻ԼҲһ֪ȫ֪ˣҸɴڸȥˡֺ˵϶
϶չ˿̵ļͥ顣
Ȼ˵ҴǸԸ˵ϸģһʲô˭ȥ
ҡҡͷˣˣǼһĵϸԼ˵ʵһЩȻԷʱǾͲͣľƣǵصϰףôȣʵʵ˵ʵΪֹ
˼ҿǿˣΪ˵ʵһͷˮ
ȻѵбҪ𣿡
һһٵ˵϶ˣָ㻹˼Ұæأ
ԽԽͿˣԴϺʹڵǰһˣۡ
峤ͷ£ܸöΪ˼˾Ͳ׷¶˼ҵǮôİõģ
Ĭ
ȻŻױԼϵ˿Ǯӣܹأ˼һԣҲ˵飬԰˼ߣҽĻѹġ
ˣͰ˵İ죬Ҫ֪Ǳ˵ĺˬ飬ǳȶϹȥҲʲ˻ŪԼˣ˼ҿСǣȥæˡ
˵Լȴͳûмĸ߼ƷζеĲ졭
һ˸飬ǲɽӰӣеʧ䡣ڵһֲԤУ绰ʱû˽ӣǾͳɤӺɽɽ
Ŀʼˣһʵ˵ѻֱȵ컹ѣڴ峤Ȼƭ˾Ĵ峤
Ȼһ£һŤתӿɽϿ˿ʹ෴Ա˷嶯
Ϊأһۼۿת
ɵϣҵ뿪ߵ𣿡
һһ£ܿͱ򶨡
ɽһǸ⣺ҵ˼ҵûɣ峤ͷܼ֣Ҫȴ峤ͷߡ
ððʱǾһ߰ɣһ䲻ðһԼû׵Ļ
ĲѣһҺƫƫȴҪװıɽʯͷ



62߾ߣԸ

һ˵ݼȷܵλǡô㲻ʣҾҪȥ峤ҵĶϱ峤ǸǼʶģ֣໰ֱһ򣬼޸һһк𣿡
ɽҵҡͷ
һۼ˵ǲһ壬һӣСʱһ쿾ӡǡҲ׮飬Ҫȫ˶֪ҲһʣŮҲԸʣŮҪҹҪһ졣
ϰɽЦһ
ʲôڳЦҡ
ҡҲ˱һŹ֣͵õ͵ʱҪ͵ġ
ҾҪС֪ҿɲһˡ

߽Ժӣһ۾üղԾ϶ǸԾӵȴ˵ĽӲԻ
峤˵ҵһǸϷĹ뵽гԷⶼԷʱˣӰ㲻ǰ˰ɣ
һ޿κε˵ѽɲɨѵ˵ؾ͸ǸˣûһӲ˻ڵ˼ȥĶҲҽģҲûǸҪʰӶǣҲԡ
ĺȲѽϿһˣͲܶҿ㣬ҪǱˣҵĳƢ緢ˡ
и˿̽ʣʲôǲͶҪ£
ˣ廹ϵˣĹǺЩĴҪǮˣҪȥϷãֵе֣ҵȥһˣһԶٱ㷹ͨ飬ˣ˵Ҳ״
һǰݺݵ˵ȥɣ˵ǲȥġ
棺˵ܲٲܲپ͵ڵû۵˵˴ܵĸ£˵вǰɣλֵܣ
ϵǰҵԴʲôҩ˰ɣѾҵˣҽ컹ľ
ЩԼĶ䣬۾Ǵ˵λ
һɽĸ첲ܵǡô˷ܵ˵ҵѣʵ㣬ǴϽģ˵ҪҺҵļˣκ塣
һۣӺʲôͷͿЩԷΨֵ𣬻ɽɽߣûȷܵ˭Ҳȥ
ɽ˵ֵܣҲ֪˭󣬼ȻʶһԵ֣лʹ峤ʢ룬ٷҿ϶ȥԵģȻǽ磬ҪˣҪһ
еαİǻǰˣһ׹ͨЩ
Ŭ˵ȥҼҰɣû쵼˵ĳӲȥҵص쵼ͨطҵ˵㣬ܲ˼ϰɣ
߾ߣԸǳԷ
һۡסˣָһۡ
ҧгݣֺޣûзʱвҪ³ҪòˣһǴĴ廨ζҪռġһӻֻš



63ǿʱ

Ļϲߵʱȴǻͷ̵һɵӣŵʱ򣬺гƵĺݺˤһ£ݵһ䣺ģҾͲŸ첲Ťȣ
ͻȻԭƽļͥ·Ͷһöʱըʱһ̾һ˵ɧҡ
г˵һƢҪǸӣǳûй̵ܽĽ
ٷȴ٣ΡΡ˵㲻Ǳ˼һ𲻴Ӧ˵ס˵ǸŮһһֱָ˼ʲôаأ
ɽ޴صӣüͷšˮһСʲô𣿲һٷȥҲգų
ɽһѹ˵˵ǱŵģûǸһﴵӵ۵ģֻûҷй鲻еô򵥣ǳͶˣЩȵķǲʹ˰ݵģҪ׼ǡ
ҵĴѵµ¶˼Ҳ˵ĺף廹ϵˣƾǻ΢Ӿɸ㶨ġڹĵmp5˵ıȳĶѽ
ٺ١ǵӣţľͲ˰ˣǿʱ̣ҵҸʱ䣬ǹͬٱϴڰˡʣŮĳƺšȻûпķʩ
ɽžƱԥ죬ûкȰ׾ƵϰߣǱִĶҶܸʳƣû¶ǵƮŨζͷۻһӡ
ȻǰӷԼϵһ¡ǴȥݳԷĳƷư׾ƵģסãһһܵҪûƾܿ췢ã˴ԣ극ţԱԱððʱڳкܶ˿ͣͷſﲻ̧Ū÷Ա࣬һͷˮ
ڻ̧ͷ
һЦ˵̫˰ɣͻû¶ǣɫȱˣܺȾͲҪǿû˽ġ
мΪջ𣬲õ˵ŮҶʲô޾Ʋ磬Զ˼ɮȡ·ϻдˣȼôУ
ȻǼ飬ƺҲܶڣƱһ˵ҴҼҸĸĵʾĵĸлͳֿʺ򡣴峤ͷ鷳»ҪĴȻϲҴ㣬͸Ҵ룬Ȼ棬µģ㲻ܣʧְˡ
ϲǵĺѾͷ˵ЩʲôʲôðҪѧˡ
ˣҶôˣһҪȡɽŬűȥеͣ˳űǿǺԡ
û¶ɣһʡ
̫˼ŸոպһæƱҪ
ɽŵĶСã㻹ڶͲҪٺˣ˽˾Σġ
ҴҵģҶ飬·ֻҪҪûеģǵãҲûʲôԻرģмȫھƱɶҲ˵ˡ
ľƱɽ˼ȥȻû¶Ƶģһ۶һ̾ѡ
벻֪ȥǰ߻õѩ̣ͷֲ˵ϻǰ׾ơ



64Ĺͷ

ɽô֪Լô׵ϵˣһƺõȦףֻǾϷͱ̬ϣΪ˴µ̬ϡ൱飬޲ðѰǿ㿴ǲĵģϷûɻ߽䱸㣬֪֪⣬һµļĮֳĶԴ㡣
ԼǸϷˣ֮ǰЩũ˵һʵкЦ顣ʮµڣ̳ר޷еɱϷڴܹ񱱷һﶬΪڴ׷Ʈİѩ
ʱڻվҵȴʱһۣװйŴȵģд޷ģ˿ЦǸ׷ʱֵĵطû㴩ʲô·ʲôµķͣ㲻·ҲЦģ˵һ񾭲ڣٶȣһֻĿŶ
иϷʵ˵˵ϷܹܿӦǡǡ෴Ϸ˵ʴӣȻûпѩ
ɽֻ䣬ԭǺȼƣͺ䡣Ѿȥ˶һҹ֮轵
¶ǣɽͱеƮƮȻˣѪҺٵ罭ӱڲϢϵÿһëϸѪܿʼоƱײʱɽûлرܵ˼һԵһȴҲסˣװͰ͵ĵһۣɽ֮ʱϬĿ⣬ϹԹԵķ˾Ʊ˼á
һ˵㿴ȹһӶͨͨġĲȾƣѲĳϾͺȵӦ
ƾãɽΪǵ£ʲôѽǴƸףǧ
ޣԼＸ֪亣ڣǹδ˵λ
һѽдĳ˵ûоƳϵ¶СɲǿƤûбɫؼǷѪͣźȼɫˣе˲Ⱦһ¾ͻεģǲѽɽ˵ûдɣ߳˾ȻȾƣ˭ţ
ɽ˵ȴֲҿһ۵ǧУϱһ״̬ԹԳ
Ҽò˼ͬʱͿʼһǷĵʲôֲ
ֻһ鵭ĬɽԷ
ǲжٸûгĸķˣϷЩҹҹǷ棬ҪôͷһеԭɬȥڼҺãĸĵĹգǵ໥֣õĳ϶û¶١
ԣСҭţû˸ġٷҹеһ۵ļ
ôģǲǴھûԹȻʡ
һ˵ǣȴһӣ˵ڻûԵģȷеˡ
ɽ㿴þƶˣֵȴƴǣʲô˼һҲϼһӣв˵˵
ɽ˵ŶûУҺˣٺȾˡ
ǰˣɱٱˣֻһȴԶҲȲġһ۰ǻ
Сһѽ˸֮飬׻˵ĺã·ƴţܻĿĸԲ£αţзִģ㱣ĸһҲ㿴ˣȫһָӣʲô͸ʲô
ɽصĵͷҵҡҡͷ
һּԴΡ
ɽƱ˵
СⱭ¶֮ɽصԵڵء



65

ɽͽҽԺ
ﲢûҽһǸ˿ģһȴǸƲģҽԳƵϡʿûкϷִղ˵Ҹûжһҽ飬ö֮Ŀ˾˵⾧ӨĻġ
ɽȥ֮ȥǸ˿Уɾڱ˼ҵĹŮȥˣǸҽҲһ˵Ĳе͸˽ۣ˵Ǿƾж¡ƾĥƤ˵˰ûҲû˼˿Ķ
ҽ˵һ䡰⻹ÿ峤ţ챻ͷˣȫָ峤ǸһǮҲȥġ˻ڻԲѣܲܵɣֱҽԺ
һһҹȥɽΣա
һػɽǰ֧Ųȥĸ첲ĵĿ
ɽЦ˵ⲻǺúõģĶ˵ҵȽϴ󣬲򲻵ѵʱǲȥүġ
һ˵ңҲãӦȾƣ֪㻹ڳܡ
һۣͷҰɣ֪ΪʲôҪô𣿵һǸˣĺܸˣΪһӣǼôĶңܳĸо;ڶþƾ̼ʹԼ˼ȥŶҲ֮νĽףĺϲ㣬αĻԼֻʵĽ̸
һˣæغҽҪúϢЩ¶Ժ˵ɡ
ӱܣӱܣŪΪʲôһᵽһӱܣ
һ۱̸ܿȥʿˮ
еˮһƶܣϲǽӶԼϷֻǼƣƣͰ˸ſ˼ҰԼæҲ飬˸
˵ɽѾΣգոһ鷳ˣ峤Ըͻýŵˡ
ŮȥسҽԺˣϰȥϸϼҲ߲ãʣһˡŵɫ࣬ƨҲҷһһǴѾԸˡ
ýſԿ˵ѽУ¸ҿ͸߸ϰɣ»ôټˣ˼ҵĲҲһлǲУ˴˭Ҳ˵塣
ѽ㣬ˣզԺˣʲôѴԹۣĶôһϡŹֵ鷳ǵĻĲ⡣ǵҲͦˣҽԺҳڶԸϣȼһ֧̣;˼ڣͷ쵼֪¶Ҫɵҿûˣ£
ִ֪ˣԼ֪ʲô취˵峤ͷ¶ɣҵʱԺʲô֪ģȫһģһϵûۣھҽԺţҪôı㡣
ޣҾ֪Σؼʱ峤ĿʼƲˣ
ýһԽ£ѽȻ˵ǸһﻹҽԺҲ¶ˣ͵Ժ
Ը˵һЩӣͷҲȲסˣиǰ˷ǮǮȥҲǸҲ񡭡
峤ֹͣס˵ȴýŵ˸ɫ
һ䣺ҷδ˸ǡ
ýڨڨ˵ˣûô򵥰ɣ·ߣһһϸף̣2⳥
ⲻǰѻֻȴĻ
ͷ˵ˣǮϢһǣ㲻֪ѽ



66µĻ

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ôˣǸУԸǵЦ̼ʧĽ£ҾͲаƷһ񣬱Ҫһסӣ㽲һȵҲͷʱ򣬾Ҫ㶵ˡ
ҡһѾ
һ۵绰٣⵱ӵĺͿҾͲҲװɵ
нͰ죬ȴһҲû¶ڴҲ峤ĻëƢһҲͻ
˭֪Լ˵һ۵ĵ绰Σֻ˵ˣ˵ʱеһ룬Ըȴǲٲ˵绰ȻҲܴͨȥһŮ˽ӵġ
˽ӵ绰Ը䵭ĺһۣˣ
峤˵ϹʱĲٴյķǳõ
绰Ṧܣͷŭ˵ĹƨŲˣģ绰ҲԲԣϹѽ
֮и˵Ůѽ˭㷢ôĻ𣿡
Ů˴СУ֣Ǵ绰ˣͿʼ಻ʲô˶С
ԸҶϵ绰İŲ죬ɵɵ
ȴǱﲻסЦ
ýŹЦ˵绰ҲҴѽŪû˾͸ˡ
ѽ㣬̫ݡǲǣԸȭͷʾ
𡭡ӼǲٿŶ˸ֲ֣Ͼ˺롣
شͨˣԸûиı̨ʣԭⲻհԭֻĩβһ䣺һСʱӰӣʬҪ
绰Ը󳤳ĳһԺɹ̫
һţһƨȦʪϡýŽҵ绰ġ
һ죬ڲ²⵽ǸϤİǴ峤µľǼٳӣΪʱľˡ
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ŶûһѴģպҲسҪȥǶһˡ
㻹ʲôȥѽɽߴ١
ǡ
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лл㣬һҪҽȡһ뿪ܶ黹һۿɽЩʴӡ
һҽԺſã赭дĽһЩ˵ĺȲ˵Ļβܸɽ﷢һС
ͬʱͷ
һ۳ԼԺӵʱԸʱ䣬պһСʱ



67ȸߵϢ

мˣһϲĻ㼰ʱæӵʣôһ˻ˣ
ԸЦ˵Ǹ޳ܵļһﲻװߺ²ɣҾ˵ҵĵϻûĸţƵ˶ҷսҪˣһ˿ɾס
һ۷߷ߵ˵峤ˣԴϰյĶ̬ȣ˵ҵеĽ壬ǿǸŵ٣Ҿ;һ༸ϰյûˡ׼һӵģ֮ΣʲôӢۣȻԵҼҵңһҪҪϴ
ãԸֳޣŮǿٱЩǶ㲻ȥģΪ˳һܶܿʮ𣿡
л˵ƨšһȲסµġ
Ը˵һۣԼҵ̬ǿӲζӣǶƽϵģΪǡˡ˵ȥϷ೤ʱ䣬ջСѽ˸ʥѲ˵Ĺһɣ쵰ϵװʵʵҲ˷ˣ㵹ãһȥñôԼ٣ǵ沿ͷԵ̳˵˹Լһ˻񣿡
ôʲô˵һ̲סʵ
ǹԹԹԼѡճɻ飬ӴҲһˣǰӣ̡Ҫ˻ҲʨӴſڸҪʮʮľ⳥Ҫ󲻸ߣ9Ǯ9ǮңȻװǷָǣٲǮǣ˼ҪϷãôܲȥΰɣԸ˵ʱһֱһ۵ı飬в
һıһ֮ŭ˵Կ϶ĸ㣬ȥǲҲǲʵģ޵Լңϵȥأ˻δ̫̰˰ɣղڲżʱ䣬ŸҲЩ֣Ű·ϱơ
ҰǿûôֲͣǺᣬᣬ˰£ٰ˳ܶôЩˣȻ֪ǾջҪѧϰ
ߡһ۱ߺ˵ϷձֽŪ
Ըмһ˵ĳһ˵Ҷ˵ǸϷ׼ʲôЦҿѧ֮Ҳ߯˵㣡ŹǸ࣬ΪϷ˶Ǯģ˵ǸõĻǸڵ̯ģ˵˸סˣҲŲһ׶ţòŽ˰
ڵ̯һֱһ۵࣬˲ʹԼ˷ϱ䱾ǿʼ峤˵һڵ̯ģһģҲԸĸˡ
ԽеͿҲ֪Ů˵ǽܲˡ̲סУԺȵܺ˵ֲҲżҡ
ɵѾͷȴûмôɵЩɰѾͷ˵ѧԹӾ᲻ô˵㻹ǸһˣԸ޵¶ϵļһһġ
ǣⱲעˣŲûǮһͼʲôҸҿȺˣҲܷģǮԸ㣬9ԪҲԴӦٲڣûǮȵ˾ͻһֲٵĸ㡣
Ը˵˵ɣѵҪҲϰ˵Ǯٻ𣿡
Ȼˡ



68˭ʵ

ԸƲ죬ΪȻ˵̫ˣвˣǸһﻨڵĶҿȥеƮƮȻҲú˵ǻֵģһǲӵˡ
кȻô峤ʵǼʣ̲ס˵᲻Ӳǿһ۾ܶ϶ģʲôѽ˿̶ۣԵֵ˲𶼲ɢġüͷһ壬ɥ˵ǣһۣǵʲôʱôǮ9ǰûмжһѽ
ԸЦֻ˵ϻýô˵߾أҲ֨һ
ýӦһ߽ӵ绰߽Ժӡ
峤զ˵ǹ죬ʹʹһ仰ɽ
뱲ӣҸڱƨɺͷסӽôϻ˻ǵһΣ˵˵ˣȰҲȰˣ˼ʯĳ״򲻶ѽ
ýƤЦһ۵קһ˵Ļһ۾ǿվŲ
˵лֱ˵ҲϲҴҴزصģûʲô˼
ýű۾ʹ󣬵˼һһۣ˫۾ʹЩֵֹ֣ģҲǹֵֹģһۺùҿɸ͸ŶԲʮ˴˭۰ĶԴ峤ҵĹӸҪģҲ㲻ҲؽУ˼ҾǿЩ۹ǳŮӣе㣬˵ѧʣҲƯؼĳãۼͥɣⱲӵĹ;ͼ䷿ӣ޵ԼңոˣΪʲôôõĻȥúõİأ
һҡҡͷǮʲôзгʲôЩȷҪҲӣҾͲϲ޸һļͥԼѡǿңǿԲЦ
ýŸæԲЩˣͬͬûǿ˼һýŷԲʮ⣬˵߶ȥټֵ鷳ҶڵƽɽȴʧˣۿۣһǮȷܵģǿĻעһǲҸġ
Ըýڴùģе˵˳ҵĲǮ˭Ҫȥǵĸģͱ̬˵仰仰
Ϊѣ9Ǯһͷʬ׷޴ء֪ôأ˵ҲǲġΪԼһʱ̰ȴ˸鷳ʱȴһĪչҪԼܡ
һԼŮһȴ˼ҵ3Ǯô˵ֻܹԼǧ򲻸ãԼǴˡ
صĸԼһǶ⣬žžġ
ҲõĻش
һ˵峤ˣ㲻ҪΪҵȦףҵֲǳӤ˵˭˭
Ըصظһ䣺ҪٿǿǣҲԻ죬ֻҪͬ⣬ӣӣسױϣ˵
峤ƺĶע
ǣһ۸ΪһټԼԭ򣺡ϲɽҲܸҪһУ£нŵĿȥ¾µĲҸҺɽĻһҪͬ⣿
ãͬ⡣п϶Ļش
ôͬɽ䲻ź˽




69еǮ

һ۲˼Цһ£Щɵʣ㲻ҽԺҵƿô
ɽʣǰ㲻ȥͬѧˣôܻؼңӲϸҽ˵Ƥһֱͣһвõ鷢Ҳ׼ˣԾͽĽŸϻʵͻһֱſվţ˴峤ۼҵͼ
ԸʱѻղŻһõġ
ýŲһ죺ʱһ̽ô˶ϣɱˡ
ɽصġŶһУǮʱûд߳ʾ־ݣ˵ǻԲԸġ
ûж룬ھ˵ʲô־ݣӺˣǵģʲôûС
ɽͷðɣ֪һȽݣ顣
ԸϰµģСļһֻҪڳԼľûһҲﲻ˿̣Կ԰ɰɵ˵ǵĲڳյģӦһʲôʲôʸߺģ
ҵΡɽϵ˵
ԸܻƺкҲ㡣
ɽŲæƽһˮҾǼһ۵ѣúϹǵصĻˣҲҵŮѵҪʸͲڽȡ֡һ峤װǮ˼һ
ԸһãҲʼϲġ
ɽ˵֪Ͳ񣬲֪ĻΪʩ˵ġƾ޾ݣƬ촽һҪǮʲôʸҸ˳¶װʲôҲ֪ᶯֻȥԺԿֻԼ
㡭ԸţѪ۾Ҫɽ̻
ýʶԣʧɫҲʼ
ɽ˵ʲôҡ͸㲻Ҫţ֪ԼＸҲһῪæһǮҲûУ׽˲գˮһա
һ۴˿̶ͶأԼ콲Ŀڸ޼£żʱͳŰĴ峤ƵŲͣɽĿԼæͶԸмʾл⡣
һۣȽݣûнǾͲҪɽʾ⡣
ԸѾûлˡ
ɽָŻý˵λɩؾмˣҲûʲô¶ˣæʲôæʲô
Ŷýæغ峤ҼпͣҪȻؼӦꡣ
ԸԶԣСʱԼǰ
ʲôҪ𣿡ԸСʡ
ˣʲôˣҪôֱķʽھʣˣ촰˵ɣɽͳ̣Ըһ֧ûнӣɽװ̺С
ԸȲ˵ڲһ뷨֪СֵԸԸҽ
ɽĻش𣺡ʲô뷨˵ҶӦģʵýĺţǮ£ҸͲں
ɽ˴󷽵ĿԸڰյˣЦ㡣
Ұѻֵ꣬ܺͼһ۵ĻҿǲҸģΪͬ·ˣԸںܴ죬ȻҲֵܣƢøĸҪҺȣҸʺϼһۣеȫθҲţ˻ʱͻСסգˣ㲻Ҫȥûһȥ
񡭡3ǮԸʼղ⡣
㲻Ҫ9Ҹ㣬ֻҪ㱣֤پˡ
ððԸֵƨƨߵġ



70Կ

峤ķֹиŮʱۿˡߵ˵Ĵ峤񼫣ǲⱨӦˣ
һһҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ô׷أѻܵʱ뵽ûУҲͬ˼
ô϶ʡ
һ۵˵ֻǻɣȻڹȵ׵ʧ͵شڳһɻֵӣڷоٰ
˭ĸģеʡ
һһΡ
һۣϽϼȥɣҵˣˣиҾİˣѾˣҲûбҪ˼ʲôӡ
˵Ķȥô˵ʲôҵĻ
п϶˵ģһģԼԼҪˡ
һ˵ѵܺĽ飿ͱڳǿˣⱲԿͳԿϣķǣһףһףŮƲ㡣ûһ군ˡ¹˵ʵˡ
Ů˾޴Ĵȴûɽһ̱ͬ˳û˶Ƣ
ǣ9ǮɽۼǵʱҾͿʼ˹۲죬ҿԶ϶ļҾӦҲòȥһڵ̯ģֺЦ㾹Ȼ˼ҴųĶ֪㳹׷㡣ȻղңҲľִӴ˲ٹʣһпүˣߵǲǲУѾӦǵĻ£ͷҲ˲ˣǵ컯ˡ
֪˼ҪԸԽԶԽá
е㣬ղǶ˵ԼµĴһ֮ŮЦ
͸쿴峤ҡڵˣߵʱ򻹺ӣɽվԺһ
ףôˣȥ
һһԺӣʹʣţ峤ôˣ
ѽߵģȻʲôͷѾ㶨ˣ3Ǯ£Ӵ˴·죬һߡ
ƲסĵϲãЦ˵ļʱȣȻ6Ǯծѽ˸黹еð
ɽЦ
һȴһ̻ı飬һ仰Ҳ˵ܳԺӡ
һۡ㡭ɽС
ס¹Ǹ˵ġ˵İ̫ˣһӿ¶Գף
ɽ˵ҪٿҿˣҽŵҪ
пʼڹɽҿˣǸʱҾûʲôر֮ׯڻûԸѼһ۽㣬ҷһٶʮģ϶õġһǸúӣƢֱ̫ˣңģǽӴôʱ䣬϶Ը񡣡
ɽûлشһЦɵɵģеɰп϶Լʲô
죬Щʧ񣬲ҵľĺޣ㲻˼ң´ʱһƿ
ŷ̫ҫʼ١
һһڴϴ峤
׷㻹ˣòŵˣãգ۹39򣬺ٺ٣ѽ
ʲôظһ顭һ۳˻һͷ



71뻢

һ˵һڵ̯Ķ9Ǯ㣬ͱϷŪ
峤ЦϷŪڵ̯ģôŲϵĺζµ㻹ңҲʲôģֻҪǮokڵòˣֻǮˣǰǮȽ̤ʵ
һֱôͷűԼĻȷģ峤ȷʲôƲӣ˵ݾͰݵġ֪ɽеǮ಻ȥû뵽峤ȻʨſڣҪۣıҪԼ
һǰ˼һöԲɽԲԲʮĺǿյ˵壬ʵ֮仹صģ㲻ҵͷȱѻ˵
ϾȲʲģҺĺǸţɾװȴɱһҧҿ챣ӣȻҪûˣҪǮûУͷ⣬ӷ𡣡峤뱲Ӳŷ𣬺ȻϣҲʱװװӰɣ
һЦ˵壬͸ֱ˵ɣûǮ˵޷ģ˳Ѷҳģ㲻Ҫ𣬾ǰȥھ͸ȥϵǼȥ
Ըͷɥĺ˵ɱڶ˾֮ȴЩСͷת򣬼ҲѼӡҾˣһڵ̯ĳ϶û¶ٵļһƾʲôˣӷƱһȱڸв֪˵ЩȥҲˣ֪Ҫܶ˵
壬˵ģͬȥǼǽ飬˵ӣʱ򡣡һ۽˵峤
ҲԼĿǰΨһһѡ
ģԸεظ𣿡˷ܵ㵸УǺãھȥҼһӣȥǼǣҹζࡣ
ûô˼һɫ糺죬Ĩ֬һ
ˣ߲ɣҪţڼңʹ绰
һԼҡ
Ĳ¥׳رۣվڴκһǶȣУſһֻɫĲᣬѪ۾翴һ㡣
һ۴С¹ǰһ͵ĲῴŻֱƤ
ĵ绰һֱվ¥ȴ͸زһۣе㶯顣
ԭģû뵽˻ƻŮ˵ƻŮеɣô꣬ĻܱŮõĶ𣿿Щ𣿻ЩҪͶͱŮҲǳЩǮģʼ᲻Ȥһ۾⣬¥¿һۣĳȵġ߸ߵĸͷ͹ĵط͹ðĵط£βƺôһСƣһɫˡ
˵ĶԣǼЩŮӣֻסˣĺģڻ˻ռ˶ûʲôӡһ۾˹Ŀˡ
վ̨ϣͷĸ߸ߵġ
һָסл˵˵ȻԼֱһũ帾Ů󣬿ôһ¼ԼԼһȽʹ޵顣
˵ҪѧòЩҪϷǸɽѧϰ˶һֶڷķ
һװ¥סȥò˸Ķ
һۿǲײͣװȷͦǽȴһ˫ЬЩ
ǸǼǽ飬׼𣿡Ҳ١ŶȻ֮õĺ£˼˼໰˵ϰˣ͵ػĲˡ




72ƬһЩ

ƤЦİӭĿװ޹ɣϵΣԸϵϳ˵ˡ
һȴΪ֮ԱǣЩѹϰյѪǮõģȻݳޣƲˡȻԼˣ൱ƽһ˿Ľ
˵峤װ޵ĺãһȻͬ죬˻ʹһһһƨɶڵõƤɳϣעĿſֵǰĴ䱸òһ⣬ܼʱҵ˳ա
𿴳ĲЦ˵ֲϻôţղŻأôķӣֻң˻
ŶôţֻǸоֵֹģһũ絽˾ǣֲ嶫һˡ
ѧ˿ЦҲڲͬҪȿȻϣ
¶¶ɣȿΨֳٵ󣬶˯ž
̾һ˵֪Ҿʧ߲򿧷ģҵȹһӦˣŻ²ֹˮ³ˡ˵ȿʧߣǸҺƿӰҩҲ˯ţ֪Ϊʲôʧ𣿡
æ£һ۲˼Ļش
ˣǿһ˼尾ģǸ˾㣬ʧߣȻǰҼһ棬ѵõһ棬Цò׸ҵԺУþòȴȻĳҼңҲͳĳĸ㣬㣬˭ҲȢŲǵĿģֻ̫ǿˣ˲ȴϽ˳ֻŻŻǣûȴöǵһ
Ѿȥʲô˼һĮ˵ȥضǹȥԹԹûͷµĿʼڵǡ
ǱôҲû㽲¶ҪǮĻǽ˻һȥ
һҡͷ⣬Ի˰
¶¶ݸһۣд˵˵Ǳߵ˺ܷܳҸһҹʲôģֲĹϵӦöİɣ
ʲô˼֪ʲôô֪Щҵ𣿼ȻǿҵķҪ˵ʲôҾʵشСѧмװףѧСа趹û׷أȻУһˣӦһŵıɣũ߳ȥŮӣǲʧҵģһֱѾѧҵϣҵ󲻷׷ߣһıŵ͵ˣߵµ̬ȡŶɽкӣֻһͨѰˡ
ŶˣҾûǸ˼˭ûмѣһмŮڵᣬҸĶ󣬱ҷݹѣҵԵѵ찲ź˵ġǸһǲеƤſڽϵ󡣬ҧˣˣ
ʮ㰡һ˵
Ȼඣ˵Ƣôã͹һ㸸׵̵ĽеĻȵʱﲻζһҲһĹϵ
һ̿Ųʱ䣬㾹˽͸Ƕң˽٣֪٣
˵һĶ࣬൱ĶͻݣТ˳Ư󷽣ĳȵȣˣһƬȥҵķɣ
һû
İɣҲɵµģֻΪ֤Ŀеλá
һ۲Ǻǲ֪̫ܣЩνܶûһֵͬһŰֽһ
ξס߽ķ䣬ţҵǽϣȫŮӵƬ˸аһ۷ԼƬȻ˵һλ
ͷˣⲻѡ




73˺Ͳ

һڰ಻סЦأٿѡɣȻҵƬô
εõƬģѧʱġýŵģȻּתŵϵģܣڵڶλ̰ҵ齿˼ҵѾмˣдһֺֺ£ͷҴ绰ߴҸŶ
죬˵˵ȷ̫ˣҿЩ̫ˣûһƲͶͷ㣬Ů˽˻飬һڿˮУţ
һЦš
ǸβͱеλǸ׶԰ʦܲˣϲޱӣôܵˡٺõĸԣﾭ޿䣬׻˵г˾ŮǼһëǵķӳģ㿴͸ˣĸŮӲʵѽҸٷܶ갡
Ŷ൱٣û뵽㻹һһ׵ģ
˵ڿһڷңҳѧʲߣȴȥܽôһĵᡣô֮УΨ㣬ûմȾͭζҲңϲõġ
ȻԼ˵ףĿеĵλôߣ̲ס붺
˵سﻹһױǽ˻ѡĶ
һ£ܿƽǰǼǰģںöҪ־ʮģʱģ˵ҪǾӡ
ҹȥûˣҲ֪ǲǵ·
治ɣҵˡ
һ˵˵ҪԶߵʱҲû
ûͣڼڴ岿治֪Ǽٲ֪ǸɵҪ⳥Ǯ˵ȥתˣ9Ǯ˵һڵ̯9Ǯǲ췽ҹ̷
Ԥһαսʵ
һɻ˵ôܣԼ׿ڸҵģ˵ֻ˻ԭ3Ǯ񡣡
ǺǡƭģǮ˾ǮˣҲ̫͵ˣһҪѧġ
һ̲ɽĵ绰ػ״̬
ι¶Ҫˣסıӡ
ʲô˵òҪȥسǿӵģҪԣ
ǸһǮƭǵġһ˵
ܵģ˼пϵģµҿ챻Ժˣ˵˭˵ѽ
һ۰˵𣬰Уұߣ̣ҪҲĿġ
̨˵ֲǵӰԺ˵ͽ߾ߣͬȥǼǽģִ̣Ҫߣ㣬ҿסġ
һۿ켱ˣҲˣסĹ
ǣСƵĶ
һѾ˼ôˣںóļƷɿĳԺӣ׻ûٶȿ죬ֻһСȱҧס
ȥæЦ˵Ϊù𣿲˵ǸʲôɽļһֵǮˡҶǲɿڵġ
һʹҧأûסʹ
˸ڣɿڣԹԵſڵͷ
Ѫմһ۵Ŀʳһһȳܻؼҡ



74һֽ

з۾̫ɹů˺СյӺò⡣
һһͷŭͷɽѾˣߵĸ׻ʯͷֱһӵĸ׾ȻԽԽͿˣߵ˵ѽ湻ģ˼仰㻹ȫˣҲϸĥĥ峤Ϊ㻹˽𣿷ԲҲҲô񶾵Ĵ峤ˡ
ôô˭ƭǣ̵ģᰡ
һס䲻ȥ׺֣̲ס˵9ǮΪ3˽ɽߵʱҲסף峤ȥˣ
мٵ˵죬ǿȥаȴ绰졭
ˣػˣ˼ҿٶ첻ϵġ
гˣͬһմɵɵ
Ϣһ۵ۿתˡֻһ̾ϻѪİܡ
绰ˣɽĶһ۸ڼңҪϽԼȥ
ɽûйҵ绰20Ӻϵҡ绰ʱѾˣΪһЭ飬Ŵ峤ȥ˴岿
峤ԸõǮȻ֣ͰЭ¶ϡ˵ǸҲپĿֻһδõǮʱԴӦһҪ󣬰е㲻ʵҪ
ڽɫѸٷת䣬Ըڴ岿칫ҵϰתȦֵߵߵĳ̡ɽ˵Ŷ壬㿴ҪѾˣܵسŵֻһֽ⣬򵥼仰
Ըмһ˵˵һҪǩƺûǸҪ˵һװڿڴпǮԼֿȵλϣͷҲ㲻ʲô֤ݣʱǮַȥ˭ӳƱ֣ٸǩϷЭ飬һоͶokˡϸһ룬øлһ۴ôһʣ㵽Ǹģ϶ǸϰĶӣȻЯôǮ
иϰĵõŰڵ̯ĲѾҵССҪɣ
Ը˵̻ôһжҰװʧ3ǮҲûôɵϸǩʲôЭġ
ɽϵˣû뵽ȴ֮죬ȴڱһ˿ϣ㲻ʧʲôģֻһ
̨չˣϧûŮȻǼ޸㲻ɡ
ɽ֪õôҲǰ״
ȻǩҲͰˡһұܣҪš
ģ涼治ʵҪһ֪˲ˣ岿ϾбΧĿܡ
Ѿ˸¶û뵽峤һ죺ǮˣһҲȥҶˣһã
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һڵʹֱٷҸϼѾѵУŮȴһҲ֪ۣȥд񶾵Ĺӣҧ˶ѽɱˡ
޶ԵŲ
һۿɽܽԺӣָУߣߣﲻӭ㣬һʼʶǸǸ



75

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Ǵ峤ҵҧģ̫ݶˡٷʹ˵
ɽʣһۣȥ峤ʲôⲻǺúõģ
˭ˣܣʵġҲҪңҡ߰ɣǷָ㣬㿴㵽˶飬ٴ죬ǼɡϽ߰ɣ
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ͨȥĹڴڵ˺þãȳʱһ۴ɽЩĶǿʷġ
ٷҼûһȥҽĳĺܴһİˣ˼Ҷ֪ҵĹŮ㡭
иȥ߶һۣ֪Ϲøƨȥҽ˼ϴβ˸ûȤѵûԡ˵ûȥҽҲڿǲĶҹģ˵˼벨Ƚϴ󣬽ƻȴָı뷨ˡ
𡭡ʡʡɣû֣˼Ҳ˵ŮԵ޹ʵıҧˣҲʣܣֱͲˣ
־͸һӣٷŭɶ˵ã֣˻ԼŮ˻ʲôƴҲҪȥָ
ٷҷĲŭȥ˴峤ңûжỹſڵϣĿŲٷҡٷһͷȥͷҩǹͲͷŲٷһͨС
ٷҧһ䡮˴岿ԸڣҪŵӡ
ԼǶſ򣬰Ƕ
峤ڨЦкɩӣϣϡϲĻ˳·͵ģ
ޣյĴ峤ֱûģǸǱΪ飬ǱģҼŮиôҲɱǣ
δĸӦø˲ŶôôĻһѾͬȥǼ
ˡˣԸ˸ɫʾҪҽ
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ƨٷҪҲùҧһڣ˵Ҳͷ
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ӦţŶԣ𵽵׵ġ




76㵽װѽ

ٷѾûԣ˷Ĳ˵ҪˣֱɥĲԽԽָ׾峤ƴȥԸֱϻܡ
ԸУŮˣԺĸ㽲㲻ֶŵģϣǲѪˡ
ʢһţҿٷҶܼʱȥһѣһһߴУˣ峤峤ִˣǱȽУչ֣峤ӿΧ۵Ҳ׷
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ɣеţƲ˵
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һССԭɽЦˣԣǲеίӦҸƵŵĳǡ
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ǺǡҵҪһζˡ
һ۵˼ˣҪơơɽסˣԭΪҪԼȣû뵽㡣
һ۶˵Ϊ˱ʾ˶Ǹ͸лһǶûнֵ͡
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Ҫˣ֮ЭģȻһġһ
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ƶ죬ȳԷ
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һһֱ͵֣ղЩ̽ģû뵽ɵĿɰļһﻹճסԼϷˣոˣӣž




77Ҫ

ɽЦţơƻǱȽ˳һҲ֪һļûʲô仯Сֻֻͬơƣڰ׾ƣûʲô˴̱Ǿ۵ǰôþܾװҲҪװû뵽ĲСǸ˵ĺã˵УУҲУ˵УͲУҲСߵģΪڣһơ
һۿʼĬһһľƣȵƣԸκʱҪǿңȾҲΪ˱һ־㺣˵ݵܡ
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һ糺죬м⣬ȴִ˵ҵǰҲǿ˵ʲôǣͷڹųĻ˴뱲ӣֻܸҰȫУǼ̤ʵİȫС
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һվɽĶֻ֣δԼˣһͿڿ˵Ҫͣ¿ɺãɽ벻ѡ
ſıϣЩʶĺУҲȥҽԺȥҽԺҪȥƵ˯󴲡
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һ棺ˣңٸһûúܡһֻҪ޸ΪǮдҿѰҵߣھͽ顭
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ȥɽԺƯŮ׷ѰĲҲԼ׷ģԼʮյʱ򣬸һֹΪûдӦѾˣ㹻ɸı⣬ǸͷӴ˵绰ԼѾҵһŮѡͷֱ˵ҪǮ˵ȵľһ졣

һˣǱԱųѵģûۣͷĺһ䣺ңأ
С㣬ϹҪʱ
Ŷллһȣ˼
һֱ۾۾ĸо⣬ƺȥ߰顣
ڣ̲ס۾ΪûɽѾһ̣ϦһĨԴ͸ůůġ
Сʱ֮ǰ飬ǵġסҾƵʱ򻹷һСþɽŮ˭ɽһ˵ʣҲǻˣˣҪϢԱͬס£ɽˣͳ֤ڷ̨һݻҸţѵҪݲɡ
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֣Ҳ̫˰ɣҲʹˡ



78ٴεĿ

һ۳ھԼѾˣǻûеȵİժѾͺԼǰԩңƺͦͶԵ󲻳ûʲôӡ
ţһѣ˿ȥߵ
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Уȴûһ˿Ӧ
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ӺɽϷƵͳһö䣬ĹǰԴǿе˵һۣ޸Һ𣿲Ҫٻرңңҵﲻû㣬ͻȻһʧȥ㣬Ҷ֪ôȥԡǵһμ浽ڣ֮䣬һֱĬִδйĬ
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ѾһˣʲôȢңһѽܣɻ̲סٴζ顣



79սʵ

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һ۴Ħ˴峤һĴߴš
Ըô»쵶ն飬½Ϊá




80ı֤

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ǡһ۹ٶƬ̣첻˵Ҳ֪
ˣ֪ԼеˣϽҼһˣҽﶼȥ͵֪ʮа˾ŻĸҽԺԹȥ
һס绰ɽô죬ɽһƺӺ˵һ۱ҽԺ־˵绰
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Ҷ֮ҪܰǵʲôԸ⡣һ˳ֵ׼
ǣ˿ʼ׼ҽԺͷĹҽͲѵĹϵҲһЩעǸոһ峤ͱҽԺˡ
ŻˣһۻڻУ̬áԸֿʼԽԽɽߡ
ӣ岻˵󻰵ģǼһ۵ѣøһ۵ģھͰѼһ۽㣬һҪ𵽵װ
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磬磬ɵôӦǵ󣬰Ҳ֪ˣԺһҪúˣúôˡһһѵĲǻ
ɽһ˵ðɣͬǩЭ飬ǩЭ飬ֻд֤֤Ժɧżһ۸ļˡ
Ըæ˵һһĲٵİѶǮ˻ġ
ЩǮ͸óȥˮղˣµĻӦǸǵһ㲹ɣɽӻͳֽͱʣһ־Уòôµġ
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һӵɽͷ۵˵ȻҴӦ޸㣬ҪߣӴԺˣΪԩ·խѽ




81Ǹ

ҴԺſͣµʱͬ峤ָӷŵֳⱻΧ˸ˮйͨǿϷļһ￪ʼȽϻɣ;Ȼһˡ
з·һΣſڳԺ˼ͷ߿ıдʣڿˣ汲ƣõñˡðһ̡
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峤Ϊӭţæӭӣһ۴ӳʱȻ֪ȦףΪʱ
һֱ˵˵Դ峤ǽõˣǿľͳΪһˣڣһжˣǴӴԺ˭ҲǷ˭ġҵȷǵû£һӵԼһݳð飬ллǵĽϣǵŬ
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иû³峤ӽҾͲٺˣҪҪͬһȥԷ
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ϣɽԷƣ˵ְ裬һ۸ǵǸɣǼһۻǮӦǶϵģڼϷ泪ȻҲһЩĥѣԵջߵһ
һ۲ֹæһ䣺ҴˣҲöѵġ
Ц˵ʵͿе㲻ͷ˼˵ʲôƫ˵ֻû뵽еһж˵ģ

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İɣһԼһۺõģǾ׼ˣǰǹͬƱ
Ʋסĵĳ嶯˵ͽɣӦðǸδϹйģ˼˵ˣȥѡҾˣ׼ϲ¡ʱ򣬵ǵĴҰ
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82õĴ

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һ۳ĸ첲ţôżʱ䣬ѧᴵţˣӿɲǼ򵥵飬ҵҷݱȽǮĹ
˵ʵͷȻֱòſôģ˵оͻġѾƼһҹˣȻԺҲȥڵ̯ˡ
ðǻʵֵġ
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һصڣһ۾׼ְ׼ȥ˲гɽȴֹﶼҪȥ·Ѿˣһɻ׷ô£ǲ˵һۻصĳɽȰȥƵסҲͬ⣬ʱڣҪ˷Ǯ
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Ŷأһ¾͹ˡףôûп飿
ǵĹľ죬ʱЧ淭˼һ칫˾ˣҸŮѵ飬̹Ȼ˵㣬ת㱾ǾͲһϵˡ
֪֪ǸϢ
ҸˣƭңʵӵĸˣΪҵǮļҲ㻹ûϵͿĵزȥˣһжȥˣǸعںãó㳹׳ˣǸλЪЪʱ
ȻǸˣӦøĸ׺ͺģĸΪӸ̫ˡɽ˵Щʣϣȥĸס
䣬칫׼߳һŮˣɽĸᰡ˵ҵĺöӣ㳤ˣ֪۴ˣʵǸְֵĹϵֻһĻ԰ˣĿֻһΪһøжаĵһ־֮ʿˣͨǵĿ飬ҸְҲͷˡ
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ξżȻǱġ
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