ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ
ȨУغ24Сʱɾñ鲻빺鼮лߵ֧֣
ߣөת
  ʼ˳Ϊµһ١ڻͶ꣬Ҹʮ꣬ʱ򵯣Բ˵Ʒ˿޲ͨһɺ˻һƷŸ裬Ժ֣ᣬɫ
ʱݵİջ֪֪˭ȴ᲻֪иңиү
Ϊ̣޹پȴ֮ʱּΪڻʵ۰Ϊ֮ңӴ˳Ϊݵһңޡĸ֮ңδ׷ݻȴһӵԵ
£籽ƵķʤպƷ籺ƽˮҶϸѬƺپðգɢȥŨͷſɣ裬ǼƷġʤѩ˺ϸòɸͶڹҤɱУɽȪòԻ֮յ黨ʳţ߽꣬ӵİζȺɸΣĸۡӡ촣¥ա֦¯ϸѼ˭˲ֻ֪ݳĳԲģҳģ
ݳǣɱųҳƵڶ˭˸ҳƵһ
ֻϧܲԸ̫һ鷳Ȼ͸ˡ
磬
㣬˵ǮϰҹѰѾõĽβٸˣд£
ĶĻԸҵġ˭̫СҺĺ͵Ӷû˸ϡã¿ɺã׷Ī˰ɡ
ãϸͬϰҵĹӴ˵߿ڣ˵ȷӲ԰һϤѬģ
ɲԹң˭ƽ޹дʲôĩ÷ף´֪Һ졯ֻһ¿û֤Ѭ󲻻
ã㣬ǰʫӲԱҵĹӹȥҲȷ
ʲôиȥͥ仨ꡯҶԡƷ硯ʫˡҶԡڷ紵ƹ鳯ҷҶԡƤ˦̫󡯣Ҷԡһҹֵǧ𡯡жԴ
úúá
ô佱Ūú˼ˡ
ӣ
һȣȻ輸׳ʿν᳤磬ͷıյһ¡
ͽڼҶ飬ǷǣǲѵҪݳǵ˶鲻𣿣
һĶͷԼִҷһſǣתת飬Цһٺ٣밡ϧݳʵ١
飡һƷ輸
ӣҲ㣡
˵ţץһֻëӾҪæס߰˳ʹĳʹɫ
ᣬſƶ
ϵ಻Ľ
ӣб¾ͱ
һͷ˸Ҿ
ۣ
һֻŭļëӷɲſ򣬻£Ʈ¼ë
ҵ˼һǸز¶İ֡ҰЦһתŶٲߣҪٵˡ
˸ұӱޣֱķ³۷¥
˵ýճԻҵģû뵽ٳűץ˸ţѵ˰ĻҹôһȺ͵ȵòͷˡ
Ȼһ¥ӭ
ѽѽ˵һˣѵȺʱˡ
һƹҵĹӱվкһ٣ٵˣƷơ
Ҽϰ˸ǾҲƴǣһһӮһֽкá
һǺþƹҵĹӸæ˾ƣæЩʲôôˣ
ҵ׼ԡͷʹæڰ֣˵ˡˣλô֮У
һʣ˱㲻ЦˢˢԵˡתͷ˳ǵĿ⣬㿴Աҵε䲻ԵɣȴҲ֪һʲô£پЩ졣
˺ҴС浽ؾءΨΨŵŵ׳ƵϺˣǵϱ˭ȴû뵽ξȻһ֪ġ
СӣҴţǵƣ
һСӣһ泯΢΢һЦ᯶ʱ󺧣ݣȴһѰȥʲôŸպȼ
ֻ£˸ء
ҿô£ȴ̹Щ˭СӲʵţ
ϹӳûЦŴһ٣ɲ֪н֮˵ǳ˵꣬˸塣
ԭôһ£ҲЦһΪֻר޾û뵽طۣ
᯼ˣǺ˵ҡҪ⣬ȴ˴ϣ꣬ˣ
̧ͷ˱̨һȴ硣
Ǿ۷¥ͷƣҲҵĺ֪һݳ˭֪ӸᯣҲҸˣ⡰֮ˡָһ硣ȴĻʲôȻɫҼСģ̲סЦһЦһ˫۾
Ҵ˫۾
Ȼɴ֮󣬴żʣȴĺ͸̶ˮ㣬в²͸˼Ŀֱֱĳҿ·ܿĵȥͷһݣֻϤȻϸ룬˫۱ֺȥûȺСһʱ䣬ͷʲôڰתǧأ飬ߣԽǽԽҲԴͷ
ỽһ
ȻŷԼžڷ̲סЦԼʧ̬˼ôͻȻһ˫۾˷磬ȥôˣԡµһ١ţ
˼ţ̨ϴѰȥŻ̬ǧ˸̨ʼ٣ͷƵķ緶ӿһŮӣͬÿ˶װͷɴңرĪﶼһŪ˰죬Ҫ衣
Ȥ۾
轣ŮȻͷɴң˿òСӹҵķۣԼӷֱ棬ұϳȺ˶ǽ̷ĹΪʶֻһˡ
ֻˣǲ
˾ͻУվʮֲ۵λãҲϡƽһģҾ޷ƿĿ⡣˿ȴ֪ģУֻǸƯĵߣôĶҲΪǿԼ۰׵ı۰ϸ֫ԲβֻУȴ磬ˮӯѣϪҡҷϸɴʱת˲ŵ޺磬䰵һ
СʱԼҲҪϰʲôʱֳֳ߽ǸоǺεȳ졣ҵȴ׼Ӳ˵ʲôСʱʿΪ棬˵⺢Ǵģԣʫʱɾͨĸ踳ȻһԵ򲻽ҴͷݰʧҲٷֱʵҺܻôŵԤҵ˼Ϲ˵ģκɿڣΪ£һõıŤ꽥Ҳˡû뵽ˣȴּ
գ̨ͷҵĿ֮ƶҲǸܵߣԷŲһ٣תͷĿɲǼ佻㣬ҿɴҺһ˫ĺɫͷһԭǷſҵλ
[img]d1z_1.jpg[/img]ͼkayou
ʱƹҵĹͻȻקҵ䣺
ǣ
һʱ˵ʲô
Ĺ¡Źӳ̨죬ͷǸǡ
һ㶣̨Ͽ˿̲סͷЦЦ˲ʣιСʲôʱתˣҲ±˾֪
ɫһ˵ʲôأ
װЦüͷѹȻϸȴǸˣ浱ҿ
֪סֻѹԹ˽ǰЩӣĦ̵ı㶪̽ȣҪл֮෽źòҵ֪ݣز죬ԭһͬȥȴлڴ˵轣ΪҲ֪¥ǷǶ֮أҷĲ£Գȴû뵽ܹˡ
ؾᣬȴ֪ô򵥣ҪĲЩǮƣһʲôô轣֮ľ˽һҲѱЩ˲һİ᯵Сסھ˾˼ƽûָͥʹԸʲôΨΨŵŵСҲһ¾һ£Ψָ˾˼鷳Ҫû뷨ôôĻ֪ϸ˻ȥͬסֻ֮ⲻھƣ濴˼ˡ
ᯣҶ˵ʵߺߡ
ЦţںʦļƣҪڣȴų́һ󰧺š
ҵүҲˣ
ϳҲˣлɱļһﲻǱˣǽ᯵ı֣ҵͷͥ
ҿˣͷù㲻û侮ʯҲôմְɣǣ˳ȥ˺̨㿴ͥղ轣֮˷Ÿ첲ѹϡ
Ӵ㣡첲첲ҵĸ첲Ӵ
һ𵽵ģ˽᯺Ⱥֵĺ⣬мͥļҶۼү۵ֱлȴͶ
Ӵҵ죬ôҲų˹轣֮ɿ֣ͥæĶ㵽Ҷ
ҵү׷ʲôֱš
˳ĬƬ̣Ҿ裬ʱճչˣҲʱ뿪ˡ
˵ţһͷϵɴҡ

˵üĿӲҵ۵ס
Щһ켣ڷ֮ȴûмġʲôʲô˵ûб飬Ȼֻվһȴɫ·һΣǰͶС˵˻˵Ӧ棬ɼȴס˺֪˵ЩʲôԴˡÿ֣ʲôûʣ¡
ҿһۣȥ
ͥŷӦڼҶУߣûôףˣ
Ҷǲҵ轣֮ΧסڳҪļơȴݣԳǰȥҿ˲ŲæգȺҶռˣֻһ˵ŪòûҪٸԼҪиһҪݿɾˡ
ۼ˫ţһΨ²ң£źϷޣȴһԵĽƴʹɫǸû취ҡҡͷֻЦż˰ΧȦ˺ˣΪ˵С£α˺أ
ҶȻʶµһ١ţҷ㲻ܻͥô㡣ϴʫֵòôţӽѵ˶Ҫ𣡡
ҡԹӣҪܽȻ޿ɺǣֻλҸϵĹͣէ
۾˵Ϲ轣Ϊʲôʱ򾹳ǼҵĹˣ
ˣҪҼҹ֪ͣ˭ЦҲ֪˵ĻԹӲţҪôȥҹмҸˣòǶͬɣΣ
ͥϵţɫʱúѿݺݿ𱣺ôô
ǡæĵͷλǵһٸϵĹͣҲãһ轣Ĺպòˣ´ɨˣ̨ȴû뵽顭
Ҽ˵ɷƣĵ͵Ц
ͥŽɣҧҧݣ仰ܻˡ
˳Ҿл
ȴ޿κεʼ磺лأֻҪ鷳һæˡ
˵޷
ǾίҸסһ󣬰ԲˣȻֻͥưոݡ
˵ͷ֪ˡ

Ȼȥʰϸк˸˸Űæ٣ȻصϯϺȾƳԲˡ̸ЦȴĲɣ˳ǼҰ;һŰŪԼȥˣʹ졣ҿаЦȴֻ֪
գ½ɢҲҪߣæס˵Ҫȥ׼ԡҼôͷüͷԭ˵˵Ǹ£Ȼ㲻ԸͲǿˡ
ҶæģҲá
ҵ㵱Ҿô
Ϊʲô
֪ˣûĽɫѵôʩԮ֣˵ѧĻ壻ܾĳл˵ǮΪ¥轣ȴ֮ɫ˵̹ں֣֮ͥʱ¶֣һͣʱ֣˴ʱơ˵һˣǮƹȨѹ壬ƭҪôŪֲźã
ԣĿңзӣ
Цֻһӡ
ʲô

Ҿеıյɫȣº񣬵Ʒ
ӥûУӥǲİڿǺεȣһѱӥ˵УҲֻйԹΪԵĹߡ
˵
ѱ˺ѱӥһȡΣ۶İǣ᳼ˣһصĸ㣬ʱ򣬼ʹҲ޷뿪ˡҾ밾һֻӥ㡣
ҽЦѱյ뽭С
㻹𣿡






 2 



ô˵ȴЩɣ̫ðɡ
㣬㵽벻Ū֣
Щԥ롣
ˣѵöһģֶֺأ
ȴԥֻɲ⣬ƻãȴҲ¶Ը
⻰صҪǲţǴĺˡ
ʲô
ΪޣܷѱˣԼԹԵ
£ҡҡͷһšҲԿˣҿĵ°ɡ
᯿ңʵЩСģĪҰɣ
ôˣҼ
ؾ᣺أ
㿪ڡ
ʲôУ

Űɣ˼һҧãұģ
ǾһΪҵЦֻˣҳô󻹴û
ԾʱЩᡣ˺Сʶҵֶ᲻֪ȴǰȿڣһԣ׷ȻЦļͷ

Ǹ轣סҸΪ˲ӵܵĻӡ󣬵ڶ죬صظ˸磬δȥʱϰ
䲻䣬ȴϹۡͬĽͬʹȴྶֻͥһһʽ޲͸¶һ˵ıԡҿĽ̼͸żȻ֪ԶԸǵ̵òãֻ·ᱻֻӥȥ۾ƫƫиëԽѶԸԽãҵĶ˾ԽǸ߰
룬ҾפԶۣʼգûע⵽ҵĴڡ
Ц֪˽δŲӻȥˡ
ڶռȥȻھ֮ǰ
գա
һαա
ڼ䣬᯾ȻʮѵõԼȥȻƣ֪ԼҺȾǼ٣չ棬ϯҶƫԸƵûˣֱֻӿʡ
Цᯰᯣʶô꣬Ȼ֪ôԽҸʲôҾԽϲʲôô࣬ҶĶ͵ˡΪһ˻ٵǶ꽻飬񲻿ϧô
ԣȻɫ
ҼЦùˣæ˺ˣͷĵŰɣҽµһ˵ʱ
ظڨڨЦ
һʹҺЯ¥Ȼͷ类ҶռᯱֻܵԴε޾λڲѷɫҲԶԵʣλԷڶӣЩһϸµζڡ
öδˣĵֻ̾Цδž˿˰ɡ
ǣǣǣͷʹһҪʦȴЦһ§סҵ׼ôɲ֪ЩĶأͲסįȥ
죬գҧһڣԩң 
ܽůһȡھ۷¥ĴβͲѣȻϰߣ۾컹û͸˯£ڱԺңֻ÷ܵҪߣ´㡣ȴˣҵĲһڣȻƵĲҡҿЦ˼ˣٲ߿ɾ͸ϲˡ
ҴҵУ˹ȻѾʼԡڹ·һ졣Ȼӭϼ衣ϰҹ·
ؿһֻúܾǰ￴⾰ѣȴ˵ĸʲôʯ䣬ͻȻˣСʱһȺ˰߹Щ˺֣Ҫֻǽţţ˵ҪҵҵģұӲڵϣﺦ¼ˣ޽вֻǰλεļ⵶һƽǸʱҲǳѪ
һ٣Ҫɣ
ֱ˳ҲηѣԭʽңЩġ
ɫãǲﲻ
Ұ԰գôö˶˻ȴŬһЦû¡ΪЦе԰ף״ץҵ󣬿ָϢЩ⣬ԭ˻
ûʲô󰭣ֻЩѪϸ˵գɿ֣תҪߡ
ߡͻȻץס֣ͻȻԼóԾ
Ϊʦ
˵꣬ԼҲסˡ
Ŀңһʼδӡ
һڱóȥˮһ㣬ֻ˳ƶ£ҽ
Ϊʲô
ΪҲ볢Աĵζ˰ɡ

ҵİʦе൱˳ֻһжڼ֮Сھ۷¥ΧΪ֮ʿȻҪģټıЩĲǣһܿƲ⵽飬֮顣ԣʦвá
ʦͽϵͺðˡÿϰҶѡڽ룬һɽɫһҲõ֡ԴΪѽ⣬ұǸʿԤ˵
꣬۲΢ôԤԵͷ˵ֻ˵Ҫôᳶȥ
Ǿǣǽʿ˵ú˷ôţҵ˵ʲôвޡƫˣ׼Ҹ䳶ϰϵ˼һݻĸҽҹ򣿡
ԭˣͷȻô˵˭Ҫǽǳǧˣ
ҴЦǣʦſͽλɣ

ڽΪأôȻҲ֪˶ٱ飬ʱһⲻԹص
ʦˣҪʲôʱǸͷ
ѧֹ
ðɣһʷҪѧʲôʱܵˮƽ

һӦݵȻ˿ǣҿһŬ˼ӣ˴ء
ԱأԸɽʲôģ
Ϊ˲ղŵƵģ̽ӿڣʣСɣ
⻰˾ͽй
ˡҸɴ½ϢϰûʲôݾԼҲʲôһţ֮Ͳָ̽ˡ뵽ͻȻһˣ˵
ͷ
ЩĦ̵ô

ȴüͷ˵Щ֣ôˣ
ֻǾЩΡ
Σ
ĦԶʮǰڻʵֹ󣬾лмûĿҲЩ̰޹ǮЩ˺ö˶˵ĸҪĻ
ĦиͷֻҲᱻħˡ
Բӣ˵Ħħ̣ԶﴫˡʷأĦԴ˹ƴʱһƺƴֻͽϹ˳̲űΪħ̡ʵȴǽƵġԭ㣬ֱ
ͷӿڵô˵Ϯ᯵Щ˺пǼٽĦ֮񣬴󵼹ٸߡ
ȷ
ȥԺҰ߽ᯣѾȥЩǷļٽĦֻ֮һֽо㿼֤Ħ̵Ƕλ
ұôһ䣬Ϊ⣬ȴŻ˵ֻϣЩ˲Ҫⷬҵ˼ҶоͺãȻҪضҲڿƾ϶໨˼ˡ
һлָ״ԩҺʱ㣡
Ŷϴʫô֪ģ
ô
ǮӵĽβ٣Ӽҵ԰һأ

ҵһָۣ֡
ţ
ڣҴˡ
һЦ˳˱ֵط᲻
ˣ᯵м㡣
ʲô
Ҵǰ㿪ʼ̸֣Ħ̶ɫȴΪȻĪʲôԨԴ
ҵЦһ²ֻÿڡ
ǵҸ˵걻˰ܵôż⵶˵ҪҵĸΣʱ̣и˾ҡҸ˱һĦ̽ͽ

ԺڼûãҵͱˡһͶſڣһƼҪžʹӵۣҪȥʵʵꡰ롱㲪ȻŭץëӾʹ
㻹˵ʵһȥʲô³
֣ʵţѵӲҪƭ˵ȥ˷³⣿
һʼ˼ôȥѪ岽ֻ﷿ݱܷͷƾҪܻŷ˵Ż
׷ͷʹںҩұӹСι
Ǻãַͷˡ
û£ëˣȼҩáʵòᣬҪ֪㣬ȴγĺãǸӰһ˵ҪƵġ
û˵ֻͷ῿ļϣʵ˵ô᲻֪
޿κε̾⺢ӣôҲ󣿡
ΪԶ׵ĺ˵̧꣬ͷЦ乻
컬ࡣЦһ䣬˴ҵԴ

ôйҩζʡ
ҩζһ㶣ЦˣҩĲַˡ
ʲô
ͷ֢жꡣ
Ҳ֮ͨǰͷ۵֢״һһʵԸ档룬˵˸ӣȥҸѨ֮ˣסõķء̫ϹȡȱѨٷѨסͷά縮ʹȡءѨȻ󵱹顢飬ÿһΣɱٷ
ҽ̣λҽüͷĥ˰죬˵ҲѨһͨһԡұʩУȴû뵽ţĲ֢ࡣ
ʦˣû뵽㾹ı£
Цʦ岻ãòҽҴСĿȾҲѧЩƤëɡ
ô˵˵ʦǸʲôˣ
صڽϷǳҶΪ˲ʵֻǸˣСʱù˺ûʳɢŻʳɢⷽӼȼ֮꣬ǰȾɢͻÿζŪ˱ˣʱ裬ޡҺܺã磬ʦҸ缺
ʧ⣬ʲô֮£
֪һˣܺȴɱ
Ǹ˵书ܸô
˵ֻΪʦӦɱ
ԭˡ
ʦ˵롮¡ҲŹǸˡ˵ҷŲ¡






 3 


һת۱㵽£Ḯһʱա
ս׽ҪӮ֮ԼءȥһҵᯣҪԸֻ»ðײС
ʲôף
ҸᣬǵĶľͱ˵Ҫѱһ֪֮ǰĺȫϷȫΪǸľ֣ʧ֮࣬Գˡ
ЩĿңֲôҶ˵ζ˾Ҵүȥ˵ǲҲȥֹŻѪķӣԱʱ֮裿
ҴЦԴ

ý׼ԼȻҲܵһЩǴұʱ£Ʒ̸죬ĿʱԾΪ⣬ѧغУժ˰ŽҶ˻Ӻ
ɣѾЦ˼ֽʣ⾹Ҳ˷šּдĶֹס֣صĲ׳ʿνѣɶˣȴƫд֮ʣⲻӲиִ峪¡ô
Ҳ⣬ֻڨڨЦ
֪ҴĶȤת̾Ϣ㰡㣬ȫ;ϡ
ü˵һΪʦΪԭģ㿴㿴ҵ
ЦҿɲǵôĶӡ
úúãҲôȤˡ
ҳûʡˡʦֺԵ׽û⣬ֻǻ˸Ŀǵ¸ĸĸӳҲΪãֺαģ
ֺγֻ֪ǣΪҺõľһǶҺõô

ǵáеġȽƪô
ǿʥõǸ־һƪô
ҵͷ
һ䣺Īߣȳɣˣͯˣԡʣӽ顣СʱҶʮԵ˵ҪܹӸжáȴüͷ˵ɲԨ򵥵һ仰ȴµ÷šʵ֪ģҶӣԸԸ⣬ҵѾ滮ĵ·ѡȨԼСֻǺܲġΪʲôҪעǴģΪʲô˰ŵ·õѡ񣿾ңǱˣҹ
˵ԼЦˣȴ˺ܾòſڡ
ҴӲ֪ġ
ΪҴû˵ҵʹͷǵһ
Ϊʲ᣿
ҲΪûʹңҲΪ߾Щ˵ﻰĺѡ̧ͷ۾ҲΪϤ
û
ȴжʲô

һռѣұΪ֮˳˳ˮû뵽̬ķչȴͻȻתֱ£Ժһ죬ڼرҡԤеб䣬Ȼֹңʱˡ
ҴֲôͻȻ£
ͷֻҪ뿪һʱգһЩͨ
ͼˣ˭ҽͷʹ˭Σ
ݸҡ׺мƫֽƬһ˵ʲôȴ˵ˣ뿪ԴҶкô
ҼıҼǲǽʲô©ԼĹѾƣۼ޷أֻݻ֮ơ
ȻˣҲ˵ʲôɷ׼ʱ뿪
ǽա
ܷһգһձɣʱΪУ
ԥǵͷӦ

ڶΪС
СɣӦôͷ𡣡
š
ǼƫֻҸĻѨ˸ˡ
š
ú׼ԣòġ
š
ôһ·
֪䣬ѽƻ衣Զȥռį÷ֵı߼ģĳ֮Уӹ˵졣
̾һ;ǧһʱˣ㻹ǻȥɡ
Ҳֻǽһɻض澻
Щ̲Űɡ
ƴǣôУ
°ɡȨǰһæĿҲߵʱ򣬴ңúչԼۺʱεء
ңǧȴһʱ֪Ӻ˵
ҡ
Ҫ˵ʲô
Ƿ
Ǿ
ȫעĵȴģȴáˡһ죬㱻˵ڵءͬʱѷɵ
ʾҶҪԼνһߣұĵϵĸ͸϶
վˣΪ棬ֳΪ׵Ĵȵӽ
Ķʲôӣ
ٷϻӸղŶˣСӾƲԳԷƣֵǣϣ
˵ţЩ˱㹥˹ӭǰȥ
վսرһЦһҲ벻ҿⰲŵģΪı̲ܵСˣг̡Щ˵ĹϵѾôʱ
Ҽƻãִȴ˳֪߳ãֱ˰ƽ֣治֪ʱꡣҿĸ꣬ȻһʰڵϵĽʵһ˳㡪
ȫĹУĺϿͷȥ
ôһģ̳Խ
ۼЧԣȴЩڣ˵Ĵºֻ»쵽ҵ⣬ҲģĺЩ˱Ȼ²С
ôŻ㵽ˡ
æӦǰˣδ˼бһҸæȥסĺ󱳣˳һ˵ңȴսۿҪҵۡ
ȴĿǽЩСϴɣǾٺòˡ
æתͼҰѽ񿪣ȴ˲סȫһʹԭ۵ĽƫЩ
ҴˣûзͻȻ䣬ֻˡһѲһ㡣ʪĸоؿɢʪġͷſؿ϶һѪ˳ŽѶ£ڽűߡ
žડžડ
һ̣ұӦ£ȴĪĺЦ
һְŵϷұӦ⣬Ϸȥȴû뵽ˣҾȻϷǸȥ
СʱЩҵĴ˵Ҫҵĸ￴˵ǸŮҲӹһ٣û뵽ùһȴӲʮ塣
ЦȻûЦʹ˰ؿըһ㣬޷
һʱ͸ϵ˲ɢȥһȣұֱֱȥ
µ˲䣬һбžֻǶϷ˵ŮӺ˯
ǰһƬѪɫұ˫ۣȻʹۣ˯һȴ˷ƵĴҵա

ֻ۾þһЦݡȻٴα۾ڰǰֻһͷ
ᯣӮˣ






 4 


Һˡ
Уҷ·ص˴ǰǸòŮӡ
ҼеģһϮұڻУ
հ俰£⢡
з˾ӣ裬ĥ
ɪn⣬I⡣
з˾ӣղ⡣
հ俰£ࡣ
з˾ӣӨǣ
ɪn⣬I⡣
з˾ӣղ⡣

Ҿö죬ʵ˼Цˣ˵ǽȥ
ôô㰮
ЦǰԼϵǸ˵ϡ
ʮֺ£ʣҪǲԼˣѵʹ
˵ʹô᲻ʹ
ԼؿڴУⱲӾԲҪˣ
Ҫڣ
ҪϷ˼䣡
ҪҵԶԼ
ˣЦָָҵؿڡ
ܲҲͲаˡ

ͻȻеһʹ
δģķεʹؿڵĳ죬ͬѬǡһ㡣ʹµʱұܵȥͼץסʲôȴ˿աһ۾ˡ
үү
һѾ߼˳ȥֵúƼ˹
һЦСǣؿڵ˴ʹһ죬亹ֱСһûôʹʱֱԼ˴Ҫ÷Ҫ꣬ȻΪһľ˴ѣֿԣ
ɧ֮ʱ˷ɱȴ˭ңȴ˵Ҳʹûֻܺɵۡ
ĬãҲҲҪ˵ʲôһڣȴʡҼ״ﰵˣⳡϷȻЩѹ죬㻹ֵ
жˣ
𣺡ˡ
һôôã
ʱΣջԣļŲȥŵʹҩ֭ҺЧԡ
ӣԭٹҺͽ᯵ԼˣǺã
ڷƣȴ˽ԭҵλҵ࣬ңһʱʡڴ£ҵ֣ԭͿۣʱֲˮλҲһ겻ѡ
״ĬĬ˳ȥ
Ҽһ˿޿ͷֻۣÿЦⲻǺúõ𣿡
ȴŭˣ㻹Цó֪գǱ磬㻪٢ҲѱСҲͣ˼ʱֹѪֻҲҲ˵ţҪᡣ
Ͳ֪˵ٱˣʱڼҶ飬ȥһΣҪǿ϶Ұ䣬ô³ҵڵѵķңװһʹѵӡ
״ס˿ڡ
һʱļŶ˵˼䣬ֵΣȰðɡ
ҵͷǳȥˡ

ڲ֪˯ȥתʱվԡΪ۾ŷǽᯣҲ֪ʲôʱġ
վҲ˵ֻǿңɫδ
һһЦᯰᯣӣһΪԼֻعŹء
㻹˵Ц֪֪Щ͵
ڲǺúõ𣿿ôһڣ֪ںأԽںң֪ʱԽʧԽó롣
ЦŽ͸ɫȴԽѿ
㵱治ҪˣŪ˻Ҫȥ
Ϊʲôôʱ侫ڷѪ޹飿
ϣ
Σǻû𣿡
㡪Ȼŭˣʲô
ΪǵĿǣҲˣʲô˵ף㲻³𣿸㣬ڷҲûãľӮˣ 
顱һվΪרУҺȰȴһڵģ˵꣬ȥ
òָֻţܻ˳ץҩǽϡ˿һֻۣ̱ڴϡᯣΪϣȴǰӰɫܺãǵơ
ʹʹѪҺɧһһ񶾵ļƻһ̣Ѿһһý˷۱ľ
ô
û£ͽ᯳һܡ
ͷһǽ壬üͷ˵ʲôǵô𣿡
Ҳ˵
ҿһ˵ˣ
ҼתߣæסᯣŰɣһڵĿ
Ҳ˵һ˵ҲһӶˡ
ʲô£
ȴӦ۷ʲôҪ󣬺𣿡
Ƭ̣ðɡ
ҹѵĿ˿ڡ
ǰ뽭᯴һģٽβȴͻȻڣٸȥˡˣԶţҲϼҪ¶ȥǾ
꣬ĬһʣǶʲô
Ƕĵǡҵͷðżһ㡣
ң
Ϊޣܷڴڼѱ㣬ԼԹԵ
ֻ꣬ǰĿң첻˵
СĻ
ηѰĲһ£һŤͷתߡ
Ҽˣµ׷
ߵǰ
ɲû߼ǣ˿ڣʹһײ˺ЩֲСĴ̽ˮ裬ת۱ʪ˴
ԥһǷŲ£ˡ
ǿ̾ʹûһץס
֡
ţ
֣
ţ
вٲҿҪˣ
ֻҪԭң˵ٰ֣һҲɣ
˿ڴˣʹһͷĿѣ亹ȴýеһҧͬ֡
ڻ
֣ȥ·Ƶġ
ţؾͼغˣ㲻ԭңҲֵģ
ĥû취ˣֻò
ðɣԭˡ
صϣȻѪ߰ߡ
ײտڵġһ̣ǿüͷΪҩ 
ȴᣬؿԭ£ʹʲôأ
˵
ҳû͵һǡ
㡪
Ծõɴ۾־Ҫң޿κεķ¡
˰ֻҪĵġ


 5 



Ϊҩʰע⵽ΪղǳٵĿƣһأˮ裬һšȻһʪ˴ĽкȻĿͷһݣæȥֱ̽ĻᰲȻ˿
ʣʲô
¡
Ǻ֮Сģ
Цʲô֮ǽǰģҪŪˣ˵ҺճһܣƵİѾӵһߣߣ᯵ƶҪҲգ
ȴ˼ʰ򿪣ϸϸĿһʣ⻭㣿
ҼԸĳϣǰ
òá
ܳŶԡ
ġ
𣿡
ΪʷȻ裬ȴơ
ԣüͷƣţ滭ôã͹ҳˣõϻ𣡡
㿴⻭üӾͺڵһ޶ޱĵأյһͼȻܸˡ
ҲΪȻʱҪΪ˸ӣҲôͼǺôҵһһΣΪʡСǮֻһ治֪ôġ
ȴû꣬ѻջؽĵģҲֲᴦĻǵ׼һݴ
ڨڨЦţĪ֪ˡ
һۣǵĶעʲô
ӮˣҸ˵¡
Ӯء
Ǿڡ
üͷʲôУ
ǰ
ҪһĲأҪأҪ̬ٳأ
Ц̫˰ɣ˸ҽ꣬Ϊһ֪ġ
ֻ֪֪治֪ģƽ̫⣬ѱᰵʡ
Ϻ˺ҴС浽мＸһ᲻Ȼ룬ýһáǣǿЦ˼˰գڳһΪѵǸô죿
ĬƬ̣ȻһҶ𣬾ȥ˵ɡ
⻰»Ҹ˳ˮۣתһ룬Դ֮ô׾ϹֻǶҸղ˵лɣ̽ҰͿȥҪЮΪΪ
˵
İɣС¶ڲƽʲôµһأ
ŵ˵ͷһ

ûñ㵽С֮Լٽǰ
ЩڲԼ֮£ȴⲻǿջЦ⵹Ҳȫ٣ԭҽӿŸᯣһ¸ЩΪҲ˭֪һﾹܶػǺ֮¡
СҺͽ᯻ȭȡ׵ν٣Ǵû죬ȴΪһľֳЩȻ
ô᲻֪Ȼʲô˵Ҳÿڡ
һƲɱһơ
һ˷ʱҿʼȾƣ٣ȴҲ֣˱£ֱұطСһֱûԵɣֱһգڼžҹ·ʱȻڣҹҡ
װ˯ŵӣûд
кһû˵˰
վǷŲ£˵Ҫҡ

ʱ͡
Ǿ䡰Ҫҡĥʲô˼Ѿȴ᯵ˡ
òˣˣ֮ǰǻսУϿѾҲʲô¶ûƵģһűСУˣ㾿ʲôӣܰŪڹ֮䣿
һʱЩš
ҹˣ
ûƭЦ˵˵㵽ôģ
ҰԼгʾģ簵ʾΩֳ棬ĸԸ㡣
üͷֻºǵԼϰɡ
ʲôϣʱֻ˵ԼԹԵû˵Ҫ㡣
ȴ̫⣬죬µı˶ռˡ
ֱ׳ĵɻȥã˭ճԲѷǰɫ
㶣ЩЦãôõ㻹ǵð˵ˣҿɶΪð
ΪҺþ̬ȣǣӵۺò
Ҫ磬ǷˣðɺðɣҴˣԸķ˰ɣȻ뵽ʲôƵĲɱЩϡŹֵýҾͺá
ҼüȴЦ˳ЦһҲ̲סˡһЦķһɨա
ˣϴ㣬Ϊαܶ
ǰЩ˸ͱȥˡ
бۿö˶˵ȥǸ
ңѹƾٽȻҪæŻر̾ʱٲͽֻ¾͸ϲˡû˵ôºǮãǰȺͨ
˲ãϺ˾ҲˣұЦһۡ
ˣȥ׼ô죬ܲһֱסɣ
ȻӮ˶Լ˾ûôҼ²ֲô
һӰɣΪ˲˼ôֿɾͲˡ
᯵ǻɣҴûһǴ˵ģȻǶİɣ
ҴЦô˵ҲˣҴС浽ѵ֪
δ·ҵҾ¡ټļҵҪҼ̳УҵҪȢ˼ҵ˼߶һ̫鷳οһˣҹȥᣬڲᣬҲ޿ܰĿܡҪڣҪϷ˼䣬ҪҵԶԼ
ֻõͷ絷⣺ǣҾ֪µһǡ򻨴йƬҶմ¡
˵ţͻȻһ졣
Ҿ鲻ͽ᯶һۣæųȥ쿴
ֻһԱյһѾڵʰ
һ´Сĵ㡣
ˣæĵͷǡ
˽ᯣұȥ
Ϊλϴ֡
ôˣɫôѿ
ûʲô
ƭңһ᯶ˣ
Ĭ
ұ㱧ס̾
ɵϡ


 6 



ûñ㵽˰ʮ壬һεĽǿʼˡұڹԺһ߿ŵġƼͷһ߰Ĵ⣬ȫ±ʺϲϷִ硣
һæΣֻ˵պϡüͷͽúϰȴæŻƵأã¿ɺ˰ɣ
ҲΪȻʲôúڵģˣֲԼҪģ
˼ˣһҡФһ˦ˣôϵ綼Եòʹ졣
ǵģҿҪһϲĲ
ʵʫŪµҲˣǿƾȴҪֶ䣬תϣ֮ϣЩԵ£һһݵ䣬Ҫʾ֭蹦̵£䰮ʫʸ踳ֻóںůЩҵʹ֮ǣʲôʡʲô쥻ôúĹ£
ڷ֮ȥ۷¥߿ࡣ
꣬ЦʵҲΪá
һֱŪףҵôôҿƾ٣
ƾ٣ȻΪ˵ٰ
ǵΪʲô
Ϊ˻ýǮȨƣΪ˹ҫ鹰
ҵȨѾ󣬲ƲҲò꣬Ϊλ㣬Ҫȥʲô٣
ĵֻֻ̾˵óΪδȨƵζһ쳢ˣףΪô˻;֮ˡ

һ꣬˵ʮȴһȡһ˵ıҵɵ̬ȣ֪ƾתѧʲ
ҼǶѵСɽƵĺһͷĿѣȥҽȴǡóţ˳ǻȥˡڽͷö֮ʣͻȻ˱ͲѧҲЩ취
ұźһ˲ҵô˲Ҳüͷȴסֻϸϸտʼһʵʵĸһ𷭿ûã˹ǷٹһͲ֪Լںηˡ
ʱѴ˲ĵһ̨͡˫ͨ죬سҹδߡҼһʱ侹֪˵ʲôá
©ĵطҶ˼Ǻš
˵ţطЪϢȥˡ
Ҹæ˲ȥŷţɫȴ
Щ˲㶼ˣ
࡭
ЩǺǣ
Щ©ĵط
𣿡
üͷš֪϶˲֪⿿ǿסġ
˵ʵ

ô˲ƾһҳô©𣡵˭ڱ㣡
ԭˣֻ֪ʵ
Ŭ˼Ƭ̣ǸβĴ򣿡

˭
ûˡ
˵򵥡˼ĵ˵ͷ

Ժѧˣ˲ضԶҿ꣬󻹸һɼҶѹһëӡһֱϪزɰ컨ʯҲ֪ôģһγžҴС񽻸ܹܡ
ʺԭ׼ȥҺϹһ𣬼ȴһСֽ˵Ƿһͯģؿ
ҴһֽвΣһĥһ
ΡΣ
æϵ̺ѯʣп˽Σ
ƹ˵ͷ
æֻֽתʹ˰飬ȥĺã
ŵɸ˰ѽĴ˽ᣬ˾ͻŻŵүˣתʹѾ쵽ſˣ
¿鷳ˣô˽ΰ᲻ȥֲزһʱδòźã
ͻȻ䣬˰סҵļͷ̧ͷԭ
쵽ȥӦ
ҵһͷϸΪλǰãδվȣתʹ͵ˡʹȴڽ鿴ѣֻӲͷƤȥ
ɽתʹµĿһȴûзְ˽εӰӡ
ô̵ʱβصôһ˽Σ
֣ȴƳһľǵĴס
Ī˽αͷ
תʹҲע⵽ˣֱǿڴ˹ȥ
Ǹʲô
֧ʡ
򿪣
һҧƿľǣȴǾ˱ǡ
תʹ̽ͷһۣΪʧҪ̲飬ȴ淢ֶ϶ĺۼһѭźۼ˸߲ҵ׷˳ȥ
Ҫȥȴסңҡҡ֡
ȻתʹתһȦҲû鵽ʲôֻϱ̺ȥˡ
˿
ǰ˽㵽ײĶ
ָָǿڸס
ŻȻָպЩľƣһȻ̵ġ
ûõصݣ֪´󹦣мӣ̺ܿһְλ


 7 



ñ㵽ʮ£ԷŰ
´ڼб߶һȥҽ᯴ʱ䣬Ÿմ˼ţƤ˽ݱԭоˡ
Ҳδе⣬䰮ͬ˻죬黹ڿңټһˣ˾ҲΪ档
æİϲҿЦò쳣˵ҪȥԻƣȻַֽݱ¹доٵĹʿֻһǸʿɷաҼ㻶ϲأ鲻Խĸһˡ
ʱ˽ͨүϵȥ˵м£
ͷһݣĪǳʲô°ɣǴҴҸϻظС
û뵽һŽȥӭҵľıһϲүһүϲ֣ȴЦøȻƵ߹һҵļͷһ˵Ҫۣﾹһϲ
ҴһǲŪˣԼҴ⣬ûɰ
ȷǿûܴ֣
һֻۣͷЦе͵ˡŲ룬Ѹµϯǰڶˡ
ϣŹʵȥ¹硣
Ƕŷ֣о֮˶ЩҡͷԵֵҲ㶼ҪƤˣЩȴԼƵģһֽȰʲôţû»Ҿֽһһϼٲû磬Ҷˡ
ȻҿЩˣҲδشңҺý᯵磬æǶ
־⣬ұֿ죺ұ֪Уʫͯɲǰ׵ġ
Կǣȶ˰ɣҵ٩ˡ
ԴֺõЦ
¹ľƲ˵Ȼ㲻úãֲ̫ɣһÿӴ˴ĳʱѾ˰ص㣬һϽ˵
ʵоľΣ蹦̵µĿдãֻǶ̸ôƫˣ
ˣڳĸ𣿡
ξҴʱõǻؿݣܾ֮˿
ȴһ֣Ͷˣܾ֮˼ȻȻðȻ⣬ǳʸҲȴɷƯǳΪʲôۣ֮Դ˸߷֡
Цôܣ
ôܣʥ黭̴̾˲Ϊдһֲֺűʥõô᯵˵ʮ
ʲô
ʮֺףƷͷΡ룬飬ʫͨСѧΧ塪Ӯļѡ࣬£Ȳ顪¶һʺ֡ס
˵꣬һָͷ
ô
һ֣ף
ڰ֣Ҳû취
˵ţһ

о٣ãӴ˲ٱҿʣȴҹڷ׼µʡԣλΪڿΣҷŻ˵ⲻТǸôʹ򣬸÷ͷʱأĪÿ˷һѺĽߣǼƺƵзҲٱȾټëǿˡ
ȻҽµһʲôˣЩѧûãλַǣ۵ǲϻͷֻʦ
˵㵽׶÷ʲô
ԩ÷Լ̫Сֻ˵ɷԺѦʶԼ˸ʫԻ÷ѦδϽŪʷ¡÷ѷѦѦȴ÷һγ
ʼ
ŷأ
λӸ˲ãϲɫ¥СĴȴֻӡСͬߣִֻ˵ŷɲԣʵ̫ˣжۣûĦڵʫơԶ˵ϣУᡯô
Ķͷϱ
ôأ
λӵǽԺãûʲôȺãֻдүӲܾݴӣഫҪԻïʢү󹾡֮֮ԡƣûһпöӽӱүӻ飬ʣµ˵ү˵İ졯ÿ嵭ʱ˵Ҫһܾݴ
˵ţҷЦֱԵľеļëӡ
ұɨسţǰѹȫ˲ýӼãҪҳԵͷ
ʵֺαأҲ룬߷һ֮Ҷ̱˵ľܸĵ˵ģ οߣѵûҵĹǽô
˸Ҿֱ¥
һҳݣ䲻˵ÿζ£һұӭǰкһ٣ò֪Ҫĸ
Ұڰ֣Ƶģ

ҵɨسţֲⲻѧ֮ͽֻý󱦵Ƥˡ
Ŀ࣬Ҽ״Цļ򣬵İɣգӡ

ϣµһڳݹơϢһ¥ʱ˸ˮйͨ½Ҳ̲סϰһ̽
ұΪ˼˵Цû뵽ƣ˵׼ֵطʲôʱ򣿡
ҵͷΪֹ
ƫأ
Ǿͺȥ˭ĵù˭ҼüͷЦˣİɣҵӲ͵͵̽һۿҽ˴ȥ˵ԼͦãⱲӻûѹҲѹζΣ
ֱզࣺ⻰ɲ˵ҪǱĻ֮ͽȥô죿
ҹЦҪĸҪĸҴ⣬Ҳǽµһˡ˵ţ̧ͷһ
ʲô
ȥ
˵أ
Ǿ͵Ѩһ·ȥ
Ҳûʶ⻰Ȼ˼ּɵüͷʣҵģ
ǷˡүѾˣֻ˵һ㣬ٹܡ

˵ҸĴģ˲ѪȻһԼǼ仰ǷôǿҵЧȻ˵ˣӦûȥ
صУȻԴɫܲҲ
еǸΣˡ
ƽʱͿһȴֻ̾
ûдҲҡ
ϣңֻŴ񣬻ڣҶ̲ܽϣСʱ᲻ô᲻㱣̫ãΨһ˺أ㡣ѲŰĿһУߣǸߣҪ֪ô¶Ը㿴ߣȴı䣬ֻ
˵ţһҵĿԴĻԼĺϿһ˿죬ؿڶʱ·ʲôסƵģ˵
ֹס˿ԣ̾һϣһ˳˳·Ҫܿ࣬ҪҲǱ۵ģðɣˣٹܣһжɣĪԱֻҪÿıá
Сʱʱᱧվڳ¥֮ϣһһָҿҳׯҵģǼ̺ҵģߵǮׯҵģǱߵĹҵġ
Ȼ˵Щģ
ȴҡͷ
ʣΪʲô
Ҹ̫Сˡ
ÿ˶ЦȻҵͷ
ʱôֻ֣Ϊ롣
ΪĶԣʫһʿԤɽ˵ͯţܲػ־ĿԶܲչᡢҫ鹣
û뵽ͷĶӾ⸱Фģ
ţһûס۾

 8 



ɣת´ʮˡ
ŮʷƶʿԽأϸݽڣַŸУҼ磬ЦĴһɷʱչȴիͷ
⼸ҵĿѪ֢֮һֱβΣⲡ֢ȫҶܽ˼һˣҲͻתˣǰ¾ģܶ飬׼µʡԡ
ҲЩЦգ鷿꺮ůⱾǼ£û뵽һ࣬˲ӡ
죬ûãҿϵżŽүĶȥøɡ
ҸҪݸȻòԾæٿ
Ѫ֣ЩѪǺʱµģôʺ죿
ɵؿһۣȻָմմţ
ʲôѪǻõĳɰҾȻˣҵ̳Ͽν߳ƣóıǳϷһ˵ĻôܹأϺұƭúÿ࣡
߬źڵҪȥҵˣȴҵǰҵ֪

ǣãˣƭңһˣȥҵʲôʡԣʲôƾ٣ͳͳȥɣ
ʵֺαأװͿһʲôã㲻ȥʡԣүһᲡûôҲض˶飬ȥ꾩һ·ңڣԵط⣬ֶΪأ

ԪΪ˸ϸµʡԣҺͽˡ
ֱе֪ԼĻѾ¶ôжòݺᣬȫȻ벻Ҵǡ⣬ܡ˼һĬȻʣǵóȷмͣﾹȻҸ˵ˡҪϵԸңʲôȤ
˵㻹ϲˣҸŪȥɡ
꣬üĵҰɣƾٲ˼
УΪζ飬æ˰죬ԭҲǸ־Ͷļһ
µĵҺͽڵﶫ϶˷кͽڣʱ»ϺзøӦоУһɷٲʢ־󡣼龰ﻹϰ˼õȴһ
һҪȥĵȻǾǶķ³
뵽ǰæĹΪ룬Ի򰲷
طʲô֮
˵ͷƼΪ
һ£򰲷½ڿջԿ顣򰲷һã⾩ǵĹȻͬ죬쳣ֻǽ컧ţܱߣڼˣҺײץһְĺӣҵͷơ
ǺЦͷɣ
һüôˣ
ָָΧɽ˺Űɣﶼġ
ȴΪȻŶô
ɲǣǼʦʦʲô˰˵ЩˣͻȻ뵽ʲôѰػӲ̽ܼŵġ
һְĺӾȻҲƲˣôĵӣҾƫаͷƱʲô׹󽫳ܼãΪβܣ
ת˼Ȧ˳ץһӵģ˶ӣԻ·϶¥ĥŸĶߣͻȻ˺˭ôû
һȾܣ˼һ᷿ɷиǹＫſ͹ٹʻ滭ȸǿ͹ټ֮ʹһֽ档
æⲻǣǿ͹ĵ㿴һҪô⣿
ҵͷһֻֻü˻ϸ裬ҷ緶ֻϧ๱߶һī˰ܱʣҵһǸӹʽ۵㻯һˡ
ǿ͹ٵǣǣƵĿڣ䲻ȴѲԭҪǷˣ֪⻵Ҫ⣿
תתüͷѰˣʫ˵ãȤǲ̫С
СʦʦȥһΣ
ǹͷǡ
ʦʦ򰲷λͷƵʦʦﱾҲû˸Գһ֣аԺЦԭԼײľȻͷƵķ䣬Ҳֲ֮Զ¥֮࣬ȴܰ͹λ͹Ҳǳ֮
˼ţʦʦѾд꣬ҵͷһԭǣ˲ݣơ
һݶԣЦŽӹдʷӻĺϡ
ǿ͹ٵͷ
ٳ
һɫһ֦л
ұԣ
ˮ÷Ӱѩǧ
ǿ͹ٿһۣǵͷ֪˼ôţȻ⾳Ҳȴʡ
ǹ
ѩ÷ҹ֪
ҿˣЦһˣƺϷɣ
֮ǰһ̧дȥȻһΣֻдˡ˪ܡĸ־Ͳˡ
͹Щʣôûˣ
ֻ¹ﲻϲ
֪
±㹧ˡ
Ȼұ̧ʽд꣺
˪ܣС֡
һ䡰Ҳ֪ϲ
һ˫صĻƻͷƹһʱ˵͹ȴЦ
ۼĿĴﵽæҾ񣺡²ᱡ֮ģֻΪһŶԹе¡
ǿ͹Цɵе˼ʲô


͹ռԼʮͷüĿʣ̸²Щ˵ʡϲ˴򽻵ûһ˸졣ҽǵ½ɵչϵݵĻʯĽ˵лᶨҪŪʶʶ
Ϸ⵱ˣôǧô
٣ҿûθڡ
Ϊʲô
˵ٳն񣬹Ķǣթ
Ϊʲô
Υ
ԭ߸ЦˣԼǰӣôʱҲ٣ֻһʫ黭ңգϧ˵뷨ǻġ
ҿδء
Ϊ㻹ᡣ
ȴҡͷ
Цİɡ
ʲô
ǷԶȻĿ»óһö壬ʲôʱˣͰʦʦʱȻ㰲šԵģӽβŻڣڷŬֻҪ㲻ö壬û˸ҽ١ô
кβңȥӣҸıˣ
ȴ֣㻹ûʶעҪҶô
ʲôһֻҪӮ˾һ㣬עζ֣
أ
ʱڡ
⺢˼ЦŰңֻ̾ԸԶҪ

ת۱㵽ʡԣһտڶտۣҶ⣬ɵ˵տεвʱͻȻ£Ծдò˵
ԹŶԶӦɲŶԣô֮
û̶ĸߣҳſԽȡʱİȴδֻ̻²Щ档ڴ֮ల£Ϊɹ֮ǣɹ˭һùģ
԰ôû뵽أһͷô죬Ҵɡ
Ҽңοⲻһ֮˵ֻҪ֮ˡ
ȴǵʳѰЩⲻȥ
װ˷Ű֮գȥ˰죬ڵʮһѰԼ֣ϲ§ֽЦȴЦ
ӵһпĩУﶼûС֡
Ƿ̣Ľ˰񣬰ĴʡԷ˵ڡ
㱼䣬Ǹտ˵Ļ
ӽβŻڣڷŬֻҪ㲻ö壬û˸ҽ١
ʱұеͷ¸߽ᯣͷӣ֪ô˵ڣǿҲʲôط֪ȥ
ĪǡΪǸˣ
ûôɣƾ֮¹شһ죿ֻ£ΪҵĹ۵뿼ٲϡҰοԼҲ뵱٣Ȼɽûݿ

ǰͤΪҽУҪ׼µĵԡ
ԺϸҪȥˣ
š
ɻصݣ
ѡ
ˮ뵣¹䣬ź棬òſڡ
һ𣬲֪ʱټ
˵˸УȴͻȻ˹ᯣͲ˵ЩģѵҪ˱ʹ鲻ɣ
˵ᯰӵһ
ʲô
˵ɱʱɻһӣһǼɽһξšһ飬ʫһס
дʲô
ɤӣɽ㵽ϼѡָţ޸
ЦЦ˺һŷֲԣȻұԹҲ̫̫
ЦǾͱֹģһа취ġ


 9 



ڻصµݣȻ
ұ֪ں֣
⺢Ӻʱܽٲٵģ
ƾٿƾٲģûȤô죡
пնѧѧ˼ֻ鳤㼸꣬ȴܸɰٱ
Ӷ˾ӵԽԽ
أʮ˻֣㾿ʱӣ
Ļ÷ƣѾ뷨Ų˵ˣȴ߶ʲôҲҵݳôˣ˫۾أƣſڱ𣺡ǾǿˣôҪۣõ־ټëӸˣҲãҳûȥѡ
²ݳпʲôϡ£
ϡ°Ϲƺ뵽ʲôɫ΢䣬ȴһڷϣûС
ܹҲͷһ糣
ˣҲͬ˵ûСƣȴЦ˼ˣǽµһپڴݵϡ£ϡ²ڹô͸λƹˣαԶأ
һͷǽ᯵ıͥԩ·խ
ԭԹӣ֪˻
ҡԴʫԻһ֦滨ѹġ
뷨ۻ಻Ȼָҵϵߣ۸ͷϣǻζˣ
΢΢һЦԹӼȻҲ˵ϡ°ɡ˵иаΣǺһŰ뿪Ϊǰ潣ȥ̲ǼŮӳӿ͡ʹŵܳˣȴԭ򣬱·˵ղ˵𣿡
˵ţҿͥһۡ
֮ЦһƬ
ͥߵ㾡ܳһʱ֮죬ҵҪ˭ЦǸ

ûã㵽£ȫ¶æ׼Ԫڼ棬ƫһҹң
ԪڵǰһϣҴʱѹȴԼй֣ô˻˭Īħǰ 
Ұ಻סģ׳ŵ͸ŷ
ӳǵϵֻԭЩֵĹǴġŹȥ㿴Ӱһ壬һס
ԭҰԧ졣һЦﲻþãǱ֪ضǣҹ˵㻵ģ㵽һʯȥ˹Ȼ𣬴æֿˣͷɢˡ
ˣȴ·ʲôУԭ޷
ֻҽİĵƹϳ
Сҵ
ЩҪ˵ȫ⵱ͥĻǼٵģҵôֵϺһֻȴƫƫƴӣա̣ʵ˷ѽ⣻ˣȻΪˡȻǰһȴҲòʼɡ
ҳҹδߣ˵ڶԪڼʱ򣬵ȫٵ棬ͻȻһ
׼վΪӡ
ҵһΪʲô
⺢һʣ֪Ǹѵõ˲ţץ磬³Ҫչ߷ɡ
˵ĺȴš
ҵʱڷзʲҽкòǻû˵ɡ
ұضЦһʱȴûٶȦӡ
ҵ˵ҪΪӡ
ô
һ㶼Ծ
ðɡ
ԽƵᣬԽĸꡣ
ҵ֮䵽ô£
˵ʲô
װˣҶˣ
˵
һѽǽϣ㵽ʲô
ȻĬš
Ҽˣץ½ʣͻȻһ𣺡ס֣һ̣ұ㱻˦һƣڷʲô裡
ԭأһʱšȻʱҲФ;ټëӣû¹֣ȻңȻΪһң
һ֮˾۷¥ﲻϻظֱĳͻȻ⺰үү²ˣүˣ
һôѪˣ
ǵģ١ٸ˵үʶ̽ȱүҪ
Ҿһ

߰ǺѴϮؽӷģһƬ͢ݹ˴ʣҵҲ˴׬һʣȴû뵽ϴ˵Ȼ¡
һ¶ʱһţҺγȳ棬һʱ䲻֪Ǻá
ڻ֮ʱվ˳Īţͬʱټ˸ƹ񣬽ϵ֮λݳõ״ʦΪҵԩԵ±Թ·֮ǰҵĳͻδƵģĲζ
࣬㣬ڸ˳ֻǾⷬѾǰ˵ڼ䷢һкٴҪΪӡ
һûзԣҲ޷ԡ
ǵ֮ҹ磬֮

֮ҹ¸̵ƹ񶼵ˣȻϯϵĽ㣬˾أյò䵽ϯȴܿ辴֮֮󼪡
˺ԺǽƮ㡢Ҷï֮ʱҼ¹࣬˳һ֦ˣ
Ҳ֪˶ã֡
һͷЩΡڵЩӣҲű˷ֱһҹΣоͲЩ١
ңôȥ
ôˣ͸͸
ڻϰô
żˡ
˼ĵӲҪϰҲ᳤˵أ̽硣
ôһ˵ҲдĶ࣬ȷҽ˴ʱ˭ϵպΪҵֳĻôҲ˵塣
˽ҹһж᲻ͬһҪ㡣ϣ㲻Ҫƭҡ
ʲô£
ʵ˵ҪϰҸסҰɡ
䲻ôڣһʱ֪
ҲҪ̹Ǹľ֡

һжΪӮöԼµ塣
˵
״ҵЦˣ֪ˡ
ҼҪſڱ⣬ȴֻһ䡰Բ
Ҫ˵Բ𣬡ת˼ΪҲһ
ʲô˼
ĬƬ̣ͷǵǸԤô
СʱʿΪ棬˵⺢һԵ򲻽ҴͷݰʧҲٷֱٴУȴΪȻȻʱ˿ĻȴһֲõԤУΪõԤС
һ£˼Ҫʲô
ȴ˲ƽֱָҵѨ
վǷŲ¡˵Ҫҡ

ȥˣ㲻ڽд˭أҵǵк
ڵأҰ˻
⺢ӣܽ˲ð.
𱸣ȴǸҷϣúøϱӡ
ˣϯȥɡ
ȴߣվԭأŲæĵôʱүչˣлı⣬Цɡ
ʲôүӦøĿ˰ɡһ˵һ߽ӹһ򿪣ЦںҲôٸʲô
ûлش
⣬Ц룬һֽв裬Ρ
ܿ죬ЦͣЪˡ
˹
ֽȥ˷˽εҲֽҰ
Ѹᣬ÷·졣
ѵڶݸ
ӹ𿪣һš
źܱûзҳȴ񿴵üΪ
ֲֽսˣֽΪŤʹ
ĩˣŴＷһ仰
ԭٵģ

ŭΪʲô
Ƭ̵ĳĬ֪ġ
·ҭסˣſ˵ʲôȴȥò૵Ŀڣ
һΪѾ¡
㣬᲻£
شģֻгĬ
һſóʲô
ҵĺĻ֣̿·ĿʲôֲĶʹÿһκѾʤظֻҪһͻὫѹ塣
ȴ·ʲôҲûпѹڵ˵ʲô
̫ᣬ
꣬û˵ȻͬйҲ޷ܵʹһ㣬ʼЦЦתΪʡȥظţȥ
Ȼ뿪Ҳûл
ʼգһԣ޷
Ω۾һĴʹ·ĲᣬѪ


 10 


ʮ
ҵǸֆпֽƻļһʮϺһֻңټëңװƭҡʱԹ޲ҲҪҵ¡
û뵽Ըˡ
ʧٺĵգڽͱ·֡û֪Ϊʲôᵽȥû֪Ϊʲôˤǰ̧Ž˹ľȻ͵ҵǰڣģģͬ˯һ
ҸԼҲŲϵⲻһƭֻ֣Ҫҿ˵ҪͻЦѹȻ˵ĺȴĴҵˡ
Ѿˡ
ǸҾٵø߸ߵģҲҵһָҿĵѾˡ
ﶼˡ
ǰ˵Ǹһ˵ҪƵġ
ʵ˵ô᲻֪
䳣ңȴûһ¹֣䳣ңһβΪҵĺã
˭ϣгϢչ߷ɡʡ
Ȼһرʲô
ѧպ֣Ƶأܻҷ硣
ֱҡ
ûвĺۼ˶̾Ϣһ⡣Ȼȴ֪ϲȥͱڣ
࣬Ҫ׾٣ôȥ
ֻһ
ʲô⡣
һıѾõĽ

λƹǰ㡣
һͷ㿴վеŭʱӿ˳˻ߵ

ȭͷ˹ȥȴзһֽҴڵءˣȴѹϡ
˵ʣſСɡ
ԭͱģҴ˻ץ̨ȥһΣȴֶסˡ
˴˱˴ˡص˵ףһлù鹦㡣༸ƣֻ뿪ͷô׵óѣ
˻ߵش󺰣ˣ˺ҵɱ
ȴûһ˶
ҵɴ۾Ƿ𣡣֪Լ𣡣
˭ĵ֮ˡ
óһݣޱƽ͵档
ҲҵѾ¡
ӽݳ㲻Ḯ
ҲٲҵĴү

һжˣԭҲĿġ
Ҹϵţԩõ죬йȴ١
ʲôԩ飿
ҪıҸռҲ
ƾݣ
ûС
ûƾݸʲô״
˴һ֪
ʱˣһݣӡӡɱ档йƷ
вɲʽۣļƣֻѽͨ
йֻòͷִƷ
㻹ʲô˵
ֻҲͨˣ
֣һٶҪ飬֮ݶϷ
ˣ
˺ˣƾ޾ݣã
ۼҪߣæסȥ·
ˣ㲻ߣ
Ц˭ٵȥ·
ˣΪĸٱӦԩ飬ٰǺ⣡
йŭˣסڣ޹ܸ棬Ӧйһ棬û뵽㲻ʶ̧٣ˣȥҴʮ壡

ǰ˵ӣΪʹ
ֱԼܹ˲֪ԭʱʹġ
ָоֻǺأ·ѹ·ض˳·ҪˡԺ㿪ʼ飬ʼľȴȻûʹֱľĸоȥˣŻƵȻʹĸоδһֵˣһٴ֮С
ſڹϣǰµһһ£ȴʹ·嶪˰أ·ĲԼֱͣˣۻʹ˰ϯȫûͣЪܲ͸磬΢СĶĥЧֱȥ
ʱѱͻؼУһưĴʹ
޵۾ˣ˵Ҫٳ嶯ˣѾʧȥûˣ
ҼҲ˵ʲô

Ҳ뿪ḮӣӴԺұ㲻ǸҪ÷Ҫġµһ١
꣬ҶȴҺһһӡһʼһʹǵ񣬼ιľˣĬĬİѰʪ˵ֻ
֪мڰ˼²øۡеġᡱֶĨȥϴġ֣¡ѾߡҶ˭ֻҪԸΪ򣬶Լڸ
½½Ҹ󣬾ҵλҲû⡣
ҪǣүҲѹ޳Ҫڵɲס
ס
ʵ˵ˣǻ첻ȥ˻ٻء
Ȼǣλס˿ڡ
׵Ĳ£һȳһյԣֽǮȻֽǮմˮƮֱŢ
һжô壬˹֮⣬ֻҺΪС
û뵽߳̽ʮأȴһ֡
ҽİɽԽݳڵķһš 
Ȼ֣ģš
ҳׯҵģǼ̺ҵģߵǮׯҵģǱߵĹҵġ
һСʱվڳ¥
ţˮ۾ҰģһƬ
úÿţúÿţ
ҧظԼ
ЩҵģһҪȫ

뿪֪ۡ¼
뿪ḮʱֻһЩ黭ԵģȵģģõġһҪǮ˾٣һͷڣΩۿ⣬ǿ䵱׵ζգֻһ֮Ҳ
һ꣬˵ǮȨҪʱôĲΪȻֱԼȨƵζףԭûҲƣҸ粽С
ҲûдʤҲûʤѩҲûгƵļȣ̵УܾɫҾıݲ£̬ηΨֱ֮Ȼﰲο˵Ҫͺáȴ֪ɵĶѾ࣬ȥҪɽյġ
ûãҵĵǹȻӦˡһ죬ۿ׸ּ˵ףȴֻʮöͭǮֻô죬ĬƬ̣ϵķ飺ⶫ˰ɡ
ҳһ⴮߲觵ɣҵ̨ɽĸɮãۼֵȴİ֮ʮ꣬Ӳôðˣ
ΪʲôҲĿ
Цûбˡ
ԭѾɽա
ųصĲ̧̣ͷڸߴ̨ƹֻһ۱ֻͷͷ˲ϣϴ֮е顣
ʲô
鴮
ɡָų̀ͷҲ̧ʣǻ
ſڣֹ
һ̣ԥˡ
˵Ķˣûбˡҵˣ޷ǻЩҪҲɣվͶ·ǲȴʮöͭ壬ЩǿȼաңﲻĶҵ͸ĶѾˣĶܵĵǵģֻˡ
ƹȵòͷˣ㵽׵ǲ
ץĶһԲԳ˵̡
ûϵģҼӿŲԼ߻ʮͭǮͷҾͷ

ⲻǵһôò
洫Ϥ̧ͷһǹȥȺΡ
һĳƺΪһ١ȴĵͷҪˡ
ֺηܹӵܱôʼǸ߸ϵġµһ١
˵ţǱ¥Ժȣ֮״һҰ֮ǰΪж
ʲôѴܿڡ
ˣһ˿Χ˵ӣСʣ֪λɷıһݲ£
ˣһЦ
⻹ףŹ˵ţ֣һСģ䣬СˣͷЦӯӯˣûñһ̻һϲĺɴԼüп鷽Ķ
Ϲӳ죬ʾȥҿһ٣쿴ϲ
Ҵ򿪣ԭǿհ׵ơ
ʲô
¥ưܹӵһٻҹأôôˣ˵ţ˱Ц
ҶʱѪӿ¿ӾߡЩİңԭȫһ־ˡ
ӭȴһסҵȥ·
Һݺݵͥ뵽㣡
Ц뵽ң
תͷƿڴЩ׸֮ͽ
ȴЦһƬܹӵֻ̫棬µѵΪ˻İ㣿ָܹʹһͷ֮ޣ
˵ţǱΧ


 11 


ʮһ
۵ͥûһҵĶ֣ȴ˶һӵϡ߷һһȴǱסֽš
Ҳн찡
ͥӸ£ҵա
ۣҳһĭ
ܻĨһѣϱһȭһͷĿѣζѪſˮǺܣʹҾҵؿ
ͥץҵͷЦôһ٣ⱻζɺܣҪѧУָģһῼǷ㡣
ȴ̧ͷֿ죬¶һѪˮЦĿйϳԹӣƾ⼸»ȭȻŻң
ͥŭҵҪ㻹Ӳʲôʱ򣡡˵ţֺݺ˼ȭ
ҵĶͷƣѪ˳Ƥһһ㣬ճѶ£ƤϻĴʹȴľƵģû֪Դ죬е
ͥȭͷմҵѪŴɫѿԹ꣬ͬԣǱĺûᣬĿĲ˺ҵ壬裬ֻȭйŭͬʱҺ£ġȻȴҧӲһԡ²̨˵棬ֻмȥȴֳ
ҿ˼Ц̧ͷбңһ˰ˡ
һѳסҵ½Ҫȭ
ʱһʲôһл䡣ҵͷһʧɫԭڵϵľҵǮΧɢżöͭ塣
ͥעʱ䱻ſҵ½Ѷ￴
һ塭꣬Цһʮöͭ壬һֵǮķ飬һ٣ȫҵˣ
Ȼҧ˵ȴѱɫ
ǮƣҲ޷ѵӰʮǮЩӵܿ΢øֵһᣬȴҪֻϵҺ˵İΣ
ͥˣһұı仯֪ҵѨǣЦţߵߣƿ˳ȥǸǮ
ס֣
ҿͼһ󾪿֡ЩǮͷ鲻ҵȫҵҺеĲƲˣûˣʲôˣ
ԹӣˣԸġ
ԣȤ֣Ҵսʣôķ
ҵ촽˶պ
ʲô㣿
˵ţִսЩ
ͻȻ䣬һڳļͷҧȥʱһֽУеǮ˵ϡԴ󾪣ǯҵɡ̵ſǣתһȭͥ⧲ŶұıסĲӣȥʹһ۴УҪԮǻæȥ
ȭͷ£ͷϡϡϡϡûһۣȭߣҾҧ֡ͥǳɫʼġ
ġһ٣
ǾͽǶס֣
ס֣ס֣
Źֹͣˣȴֽ˼֣ǰ
ӵ϶Ǩŭͥò㷭˰ۡ
졭⡭
ŲԸĽ
ӵȥ죡
ֻſӣҳûͥһȭͬץǮŶ

ţŻϣδôǱű߲ʱͷ׷ûעǰˣһСıײһλ
ǹﾪһҾö죬̧ͷһ硣
òȻҼԲλ࣬ͷҴұߡ
ȴסң
ֻûͷҡ
ôüͷһʹ
ҳЦЦû¡
˳˻˵û£
˵űקؾ۷¥Ҳҩ龭
ԥǰȥϸϸ˵ˡ
꣬룬˵ﵹһ
ЩСģʲô
۷¥ȱֻۡ̾ίˡ 
˼֪¥ҲС깫ݵе֮һȻµĻʲôأǣҿЦһ£ܱȥ¥Ƶúá
ļȰ˵£ŲԸĽˡ

꣬ʮ꣬һ´һ궼ҪѰ
˭֪ԭǾ۷¥һһĹͣûвʶģ䵽¥깫ֵزȻвֻıһ֡
Ӵⲻǽµһ٣үôǮϰҵĹӴЦ˵ôûأԭ߾ء
ҵͷƲ˾Ҫߡ
ȴסң߰ϴôصĽβ٣һûúлء
Ǿǣһ˵˵ҸǼʮѬ˵ĿءһԵӱ˵߼һֻצڵϣӴҶ಻Сģ鷳һټһ°ɡ
Ҹյͷֻͷһһ֭ճͻζֱţԭ޼ɵĽƲ֭ˮõҵϡ
סס
ҲϸԼ
磬ףң
ʱȻС
Ƕ̽ͷȥһ̽
ǮΪã˭ôų
̽ͷ˿µεй١ףôǽᯣ
ᯣ
̧֣ͷȥ
һ㾪úϲ£졣
Ȼǽᯣ
ѻˣ
ϲ񣬱⣬֣ӣ⺰ֱҲûдĶۼ˵Ĵӵ½˷䣬ֻ÷
ô
˻ңһͷԭ硣
ָָϵգΪˣ
ҵͷûлش
̾ȥɾѰɡ
ȴס磬֪˭ˣ
˭
ᯣйˣ
ıȴûʲô仯ֻĿڣô
㲻ˣ
ûС
Ϊʲô۷¥ĹǶȥȴûȥ
һôأ
Ҳ죺ô᣿
ĵһȻЦ
˵ЦˣôѵôֻҸڵ޾ȥˣ޾ô죿οݳǶ֪ĺ֪մȾأ
ֵԽǲںԽɬԲ𣬶㡣
ֻ̾ҵʱܼǵҵĺñˡ
ܾõģս֣Ҳ᯻ˣй٣ܻһ
ȴûЦô϶ʱյʱյ㣿
һ˵˵еЩҼ̫̬ǽᯣҲܱ֤һĴҡ
ҵ䣬ࣺҪҲǹЩӵĺáŸΣ񷱶࣬ҪҲ㡣
ҵͷȥ

ĪĶ࣬ʰǽҹʱ޾ķеĵƻţס˿ˡ
ƣڿһ˵Ľֵϣѹ㾲
᯻ˡ
һǱҲûм档
ʵҲû٩ֻ
ΪĺѾ١
ֻһ
쵽ſʱԶԶĿĵƻš
ڱЪϢˣô쵽ڻ˯
һһƿţֻһˡ
һЦˣһ
ҿԼ۾
Ϊλ 
ôż²Ҷϲˣ
㡭Ӧ޾﷿𣿡
޾һ£漴Цˣˡ
᣿
ǰһ˵㸮ϳ£ҪȴӲȥʲôӷ磬װϯ֪Ҫʲôʱ򡣡ЦѵΪҳ»˼Ѱֵ𣿡
ҳҡͷ⣬ûб뷨
ַҵļϣͷĿҡ
һˡûµģһжġ
ͺˣһſڣȴʡ
ȻЦЦҪΪҹľƵڼͷش˼¡

 12 


ʮ
Ȼǽ᯳й٣ұ׳˵ٴ״û뵽飬˵ģֻáǰΣֻЩ˲δ˵ѣۼ˾Щ١
ģҴ˹˾㻹ܴ̰
˵еҪؼҵֻдһ·
ȻǮִӺζ
һԥԥȴóһ
ҶĿ
ǡ
ûлشֻǵЦš
Цݣʮů

ҵܿǲƥСز١޻أ滭õĶŴƾνƷַࡣͬĻɫñĴҪˣˣʼջſȸһЩֻһⶼûС
֪¿ͷѣһҲЩۼ嵭ͷ̲סꡣ
ʱͻȻ˸ѾߣڱҪһӡϲæѻˡ
Ҫ͵λϣ
ͣҴ
ͬҽǮ˰ѳˡ
ôʵ⣬֮಻֣ôĻ̼͵ϵģΪʲôƫҪԼ
û뵽ڶĩһͬҲҪ˲ٻͬҲǼԼ
˵һɵ˵£ͬٶȷ
ȥԾȥҽʦ
ιǼ˶ȥİɣ
װһ޹˵ʲô
װҵΪңִ³㻹˭
֪סˣֻóϣ㡣
ҵô
ڨڨЦ
Ϻˣԭ䣬ɼЦ֪Ϊʲôȥˡ
ҪҾȥ۷¥ɡ
ȥ۷¥𣿡
й硣
𣿡
·ÿУǿġ
ŻȻ
Ԥϵһ磬޾̲ܿ쵽һȦҲʾЧ¡·˼ˣҲһ
˽ˣЩɫǱһҲ˲ӯࡣ

ĩʱ뽭칦
˵ھƣȴڷŪһ̳ƼСˣꡰµһ١޵ѲˣǻǺȵüΪˡ
һǵһͬȾû뵽һת۾˷ǡ
˵̾һ᯵Цţҵļ硣
̸̸Ĵɣ
һȴȥһҵĶ
˵꣬Ц⡣
ǲЦŹͷˣ
ҡҡͷֻǺȻãǰֻˡҺþöû緢ˡ
бʣͷ֪˵ʲôá
᯼״ʱ⣺ͷ߰ɡ
С·һϡ
ɫ࣬ˮ䡣
龰Ҳ
Īߣȳɣˣͯˡ
᯽ӵԡʣӽ顣
ԭ㻹ǵá
ôǣЦʱϸ˵ԼҪӣ֪˶ٱ飬벻סѡ
ЩȻȻȴֻûлˡ
ҵ𣿡
ǰҵͷŬ񣬡һҵҾͰ鶼£¡
Цãҵ㡣
˵ͻȻˣˣˣʱҪڣֻ°ա
۲΢룬ͷȷ


 13 


ʮ
꣬ʮꡣ
˵´ʼǿʼ·ʱڣȻһҵͱ÷ǳѣֻʽۺʼͼ֯ƷʹЩС̶ʱû⣬ﵱȻҲڽӡ
Ȼ˵ֻʱģȥЩӱáȻֱ÷δתݳڵĲգҵҲѿ˼£ȥֻ»Ҫʴԣ㲻ģҲֻþȽӡ
ĺôҵľʣôĺô
ΣֻܱסǮٹЩӣֻҪûˡ
Ǯǽ᯳ģΪȴҲҪٺ»ôǮһʱ֮죿
ǲµҵ˼üͷ˵˶ٴΣЩǮôþôãù˼ң
ҲҪ̡
㰡ҡͷ̾˽˵ʲôã
Ϊôôæ˴꣬Щɫһתȴʲôûˡ
˺ˣ侲
ҵļࡣ
һúԲ߲ǡ
ҿЦµ񣬻ʲôԲ߿룿
㲻ô
ţ
ڳɱۣɱȡѣӦóŲôòŶԡ
׹ˡ
˼ǣûпǡõ˸͵Ľۣ
ֿܡͷֻҪҵӱ˵ĻԴɱ֮أ
ֻԴ֪Ҫȥң
ܰѼ۸ٽֻЩĴˣЦôطҲô

˽᯵Ļ̸ϸ
ȻʲôطҵĻԴԼҲûеףֻһ·һ·һȴǺͷ
ڿݵʱҸһ·ٽ磬ƣꤣиݣŽȥһ档˭֪ŸտʼԣһȺ˽̧ͷһһС
ԩ·խ
Ҳϸֻͷԣκδ˵ʳϡ裬ۼ⣬ܿϳҡ
ѽⲻǽµһô
ֻû
ȴ˷ŹңҲǣԳԺ
һ㾫񣬿˽Ӽõغңɡ
Ȼңģ
ףԣô󷴶ˣ
ιϴμʲôʱ򣿡
簡
˴ˣĶôȡ
Ҫôȣ
;۷¥Ĺ깫Ȱ
Щһһ䣬ܵĳȴĬţֻ߬꣬һһڵİǡҪЦЦˣҲںΪԸЩСˣиҪڵҡ
Щ˵֮ʣͻȻ˿ˡ
˵ûУʲôʱ򶼱ô˵ˣ
һЩ
ѵǣתͷҵķ
ʵڴȥͻɡ
Զסˣûһ뵽ȻͻȻôһΡ
ҲסˣȻôڣôƽºͶţʤԱڽŵµɥȮȴһλֳ׻׻Ȱ۵ܡ
Լ긺ʱ¥ѰҵΣԾ̧ͷȥֻ˫۾ĺ͸̶ˮ㣬в²͸˼һҳȴɫ
Īһ֪ӦԣȴƵĿڣɣҸﻹȱһ轣ġ

ʱһЦ
Ǻҧء
ͷЩˣֻһԲĳ궫·
ҸԼСҴıʲôӦøлǲǣЩôƫƧĵطżȻȻǴѭ·ȥضջ

Ȼһ·ȥ￪м˿֯ƷĴûв´ǲԶһͬĿģͼ۵˿֯ƷġȻܵͼҲһ취Ūͬ۸ĻƷ
ҵ̸Уȴ˳ҧ۸ɿڣƷδ˶١֮Уµڶ࣬˿֯ƷҵȿƥУһǱű뷨۸ѹ͡
һСҪõͬļ۸췽ҹ̷Ҳûоʹ˷ǲŲæͬסȥҵ˵̸֮̽УΪϡ˾Ϊͬͱ˵ҪԼãһҪõС
ԣҸһ롱ĵʲôԼһĶԵͼۼ壬һҶ¢ݡ˿֯ƷôʱҪЩ˿֯Ʒⶨۻ練ôҲޱ𴦿ľ棬ǴҶԸġ
죬ǴӰ̸ֱҹһֱüͷɿˡ
ðɡ
Ȼɿˣȴء
ֻ˶ڣ֪Ҹͬļ۸񣬿²ưոݡ
ǾͲҪ֪
ֻ¡
˼룬һ취
ɣװ첻͸ϿˣⲻҪţ˼˵ǴƷΣ
룬ͷ
Ҳá

Եͼ۹ô˿֯Ʒصݣ²׵׼ҵ
¿ŵͷ죬˸磬˵̣ŸжŰ壬û׵п̤˽ҸҪкȴסˡԭĲǱˣ
һͼˣǻβɡ
ˣȴߣڵĴһϸϸ̨ϳеĸֲƥС٣ޣ˿ŴƾȸСȴȫټȥɨַḻЩƷ֡
οضô
ߣġ
㲻˵ĬƬ̣תȥ˼ֻͷһ仰
´Ҫϸ
Ҳ߼ͷһ仰ʶľٶʹ˼ԤУæصⷿǿ²޲ϸ쿴漸ãɿĲƥʱȴˡӦ԰Ǳ׶ϸΪѣէȥȷˣȻȴɿ塣һ٣ޣ˿Ŵƾÿ覴ã
ҵڵϣ̲סЦˡ
ֲװ첻ˡ
ֲ˵˼˵ǴƷ
һɵϡ
Ϊͼ۽˺ûʵȴԸ߼۽ûҪĴλ
Ϊ˵ˣͷһȶȦף
ģһɵϡ

ˡ
׵׵ˡ
ôƷԼѪ޹鲻˵˽ᯡ
Ծûûа취˵ֿ޴й磬ΪĹϵûмˣο˵Ҳ֪˾۷¥
ȻȴӰ
ѯ١
磿¡
Ҵ󾪣˭
Ц֪ΣѲɻҪȥ
Ļƿԡ
뿪۷¥ҹĿţ治;·
ϤһҶȥ
֮ǰҵ
硣
Ժֻ˭
ڲ֪սһҾƹİƿ䣬ұҪһ̳Ҿƣλұκʱ򶼿һˣҲͲ֪ʲôʧ⣬ʲôǳˡ
ƺȶ˱Ȳζˡ
ٱ¡
ֻľȻظЩ·ؼЩҲûб
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻץסҾٱ֡
ˡ
̧ͷǽᯣ㲻ͷ˦֡
ץס
ˣ
˦ץ
ˣԱİѾƱڵϡ
ΪʲôҪޣҡ
Ͼڲ֪ʲôʱʪˡ
Ϊ⣿
ûлش
Ϊ磿
Ȼûлش𣬷·һûˡ
ӵסңҵͷļϣһԶ֧ŵ㡣
Ƕˣȴڡ۷ʲôҶȥġ
Ҷ˵
ԣҪޡ
ҵȴ޼ɵļͷ

 14 


ʮ
һμ᯵ʱʵر
ݣһϮССȴŪһΪѧʣҿ˾ƫƫʶôһͼҡںеϴλҵһٱ
¾Ȼ̾ͱ֪ˣԱ⸮ϴ
϶СӸ˾˸״һٸԸ⣬ǰ¾ģֻҪٲȭȥ
ƻһԸҾͺ˸ţŤһ𡣽šҵ֣ҿĸ첲ҵϥǣҰĽѾֵͬ˽黨ƵŤһɣදˡ
Ȼ򲻵ץҧǾֻûɡ
ɵŵţȴͻȻƹһЦˡ
ЦŵļƲ֪ôڲȥˣһҲЦ
ĪĻɸΪ񲯡 
º벻ԣңʱʲôЦҰڰ֣˵ûûСɱָǶԱûȾ۾Ц˰졣
ʱǱѡ
Ҳ˿Ҷʱδʢˣû°⡣ȴֻ֪ǲϲΨΨŵŵϺ
ʵһֱ
ĺѾ١
ֻһ
ǴСһ𳤴ǰҴδйֵĹ˼ɺͷ˵ģЦģģһжĴ˵ģ
ԣϣҲڽ᯵ļͷʹʹһȻڵϡ

ڶҷԼڽ鷿ϣһʱЩԡԴʹأ֢״ץͷŬ˼Լҹ޵ϡﻩǱһ죬޲ͷꨵء
ƫƫʱŽ

š
ؿҺܾãǧȴ֪οڡʵ졭
ҿ䣬뵽֮ǰʧ̬ʱ˼װɵ㶣ʲôˣǵˡϣҺΣ
ϧҡҡͷ̾˿һ汧ʹһ˵뿪ңⱲֻһ
ޣٳ˵ֻ
Цˣ̯̯֣㿴㿴˵ǵã

˺ˣżһʲôúߵأ˵ʵʹļ׵ĵ޵ӡĲ̫ÿ
ô
бһۣЦһ⡣
һ̣߹ǽӴӴ㾹Ȼº֣
΢ЦǱǰŶԡ
ίؿң㾹˺͢٣ҪѸ£
Ŷ
ʾ˵ܵͻϮˣΣؽ農ԣ⼸Ͳ칫ˣ˵ţڨڨЦٺ٣ͲϢأ¿ɺã˳ˡ
Ū˰죬ԭû͵С
Цһ־ȭͷ᯼״æġ
˺ˡҪҴˣ˭¿˵ţԹԵ˵Ķأ
ҿŬӣͻȻЦůĸоӿôֹסˣһҪڰڼӣףмһ˵ݳЩ£翴ˡ
طһ

أ㵽˾ͻ֪

Ҽ˵ôгΪ棬ڶһ
ȡ룬ɽ·᫣ҳԾɫȻ˲ľǲľ
ʽǵطĶ˵׻жòֻܵ˵ˣǰˡһ족㡰족һʱ
ҽƣꤣķߵ㣬̲סԼǲƭϵˡ
ʱ᯵ǰˣ
ڴ̧ͷָĵط
Ȼ˷ܵıֻάһ˲㳹׿ȥ

ǰ
ľɫҵȷǡǡᯣģҧҪɽõ۶ϣԭҪôõɽϵҷسİ
ЦȰҹȥȴͷϣϣֻöˣһƿתߡ
ɲ߼һ
ôͻȻô̴٣˼塣ֱ֦Ҷɰʯͷ
ȴѾˡ
СĻһᯣ
û˻ش
ܣֻвķضѡ
ֻѻɹ
ҸԼҪ侲ֻҵģֻҵġ
ôû˻ش
ڣͷǴ˽
ȥˣ
Ӷϵȥˣ
ҵѸٵ³Ưج֮УµûиС
Ǹʱҵͱ±ֵġ
ǰһڽѵҵĲТټʱѾ˹ľôͻȻͻȻþղŽ᯵ƾʧһ
һһĳ±ȥ
ֽű
ļѡ
¡ҿҲʱҲδ¹
뿴ȴֲò
±߹£ſ̽ͷȥ
ͻȻ䡪ǰнɫķӹ
ҿһƬء
ɫǾɫǻ˴ҫۡ
һ裬֮һƬɫ綼ɫʡ
վЦųһ˻֡


 15 

ʮ
վڵ³һ֣
ҼȻķˣˣͬʱֿʼʹˡ
СӾҰŵһһէɫôУ 
ҾӸµĸа壺ƾʲô
ðɣȻ㲻ˡ
ιʲôҲң
˺ˣαΪԼءʶô֪꣬¸𣿡
ᯣʡˮɣ˵ô಻뼤ȥ𣿡
Σ
ô˻һףЦðɣ㿴ˡ
ģͷҲЦҸ汳ˡ
ˣֻðһᣬȥ
ŵص˫ţȻǰȥһԡ
۾ĻҶ£ҰһɫС꣬Ȼ価ֻһƬտգ·ؼԭֻһɫʡ
ڻһ޴̺ϣܣʪ㡣
ȻʹҾþòԭ򣬲Щ
ôߵĵطֲﷱïˤˣⲻǱݲһ
ᯣҺײվʦĸ˵Ҫҵĵ汳
ڨڨЦţԾ˵һɿ⡣
ʵҸղסš
бۿޣһлл
ˣͻȻ뵽
˵ţӻͳһƤˮǰҫƵĻ˻Ρ
ϵȼѹ񲻿ϧ


ԭһ׼
ƵķϣҾ˲С˹ĵĺͽ᯺
ͻȻһЦ
£ʲô
˵ȺͽΪſʦ죬˺ȵȻڳһ顮ͬ㡯ھƹ˾Ɱһſŷλɺ̫үʣ̫үһ˱󾪵̫汮ҲæƳšҹ̫үμһλǰлǺˣԻǰ̫棬ſΪ򸾣ʶƣžƹһࡣ
۵һᯰľƸˡ
ιιιٵģ
һһҡ֣ðֹס
Цˣ
š
Ǿֵ㽲ˡ
Ķᰡҵģ
Ǿͳ֧
ץͷΪ˰죬ǳ
˺ǸпãʮĸᯣʵһﻰҪ˵
ʲô
ѧ֮ǰҿ޵ӣҡҡͷʹļ׵ĵ㳪衭ĺ 
𣿡
š
ңͻȻЦˣſΪس
Ҹæס䣬ͷӴܣȴģƫҪںͷس
޿ֻ̣õתͷԻ
ǣšҵ֣ҿĸ첲ҵϥǣҰĽѾ·ŤһšˣϺҲˡһߴһߴЦֱ˶ˣڰڵϣſջĸơ
ιᯡ
ô
ǵСʱʱǺҲܡ
ţÿֶ׼ֺݡ
Цһ¡
ᯣ룬ΪʲôҪأʱܹתһǽµһ٣ңڣ㲻ǹûйδҵлڡǸöá
᯳Ĭһ
Щ󣬱ȡ
תͷȥ
ʲôҪȡĶ𣿡
Цˡ
һ죬֪ġ

 16 


ʮ
ԺӣΪ˴Ʒҽʾ֭͵ͣʵڴֻ˵᯵ĸϡжʱʶѾ߸պ·ڣ˸к
ṫӣôô಼ƥа
ҼѾ߿ɰ㶺ɶҴġ
ЦˣҲǵģô֪һһ£ԭﶼѾˡ
һ㶣£˭£
˭Ǵ𣿡
˭
㶼մ˼ҵǧ𰡡
ļٵģ 
ý˶˻м٣
ʲôʱ£
кЩˣͷ紫ˡ
ô֪
ҼҴû˵
ûС
ǴæˣѾ˼صõѰԭΪ˭Ҳ˸ġ

֪кܶණ䣬񻨿Ҫ䣬Ҫɢû˿赲
Һͽ᯵ĹϵҲˡ
ҪȢ׵Ϣ˵ʧ䡣ôȾϢû͸¶ǰ޷ġ
ҲǸѾ˵һʱ⡭أ
ѿ̫̬ҪһЩ
ҰǰһֱΪԼǸûиԶ־ˣ̽ȤȣԹٳΪȻֻԼĵģһϴǦɵȻֱҰҲŷֻ֣ȨʱŻʵ֡
꽨µһٵķͲϤȥҪ˵񻹻ϧʲôҲֻ֮ͬˡ
ҪסѣҪסͬĶԵȡ
ȻȴȻͬĵ·
һǰƽ߸ϣҲǸʧ̼֣ʵǣһ޳ɡÿһأ֮ĶԵȾͳһֱһ죬ȫȫʧȥ
Ըġ

صң׼лж١
Ҫʲô
᯵ıǮ뻹
׵ͷóһκ
ˡ
㣬٣ԼһЩ黭һˣҲʤޡ
ţͻȻ䣬ʲôе䡣
ʰһһ塣
Ҿս˰ڼиռĿҴһģǷԶȻĿ»Ȼöݸҡ
ʲôʱˣͰʦʦʱȻ㰲š
ʱҶԹٳǶôΪȻʱȫûϡϸ鿴ŷΪ滹֣޳ʻݣҵǴδ
࡯
ϸϸĥ仰˼
ࡣ
ˡ졭࡭
ͻȻһͷ͵ش˽
ˣ٥
٥ʥϣ
ôĿô
Ȼʱұô˾ǳ֮һЩͷȴûϵͷ֮
ҸԼ̫ˣҲ仰ʲô˼ûУǣǿᣬ˵ףʥôܳ¥
һƲأ
ǵʥϣһоͶ˵ͨˡ
ԣ嶼һԵʦʦԣܿдҴģԣƾٲһʹ񡭡
ҽ߬е壬ץסһƽƵĽݡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˻ýǮȨơҫ鹰
ǮȨƣڵҲõĶ˾ʧܣҪҪҪסԼͽ֮ĶԵȣֻ;һ
ֻйעһ

̿ʼ׼Ͼˡ
ɵڶ콭᯵ãûʰΪȡ
ҪĶȥ

ôö˶˵ͻȻϾ
ͷҲ̧Ĵ𣺡¡
ʲô£
ûʲô
ԳĬһ
ܾ⼸ԶңϾô¶ҡ
̧ͷ
أѵûʲô𣿡
ɫˡ
˵ʲô
ռҵ¡
һ£޹ء
شΣȴû뵽ô˵һ䡰ˡҲãһ䡰ǸҲգù䡣
ҿֹסķŭͱϾҲ޹أ
ץסңⲻһ
ﲻһ
˵
һ˦֣˳ȥ

 17 


ʮ
ǰ˵ҡûûΡΪÿγֵܶȻȻʲôںʱ׼һɢƵġôÿζȵͷ
ʵ֪ԶȱֳҪںöࡣ
ֻǺܱŤ
곡Ϸʱ˵öԷĻŭţһĶһˣ᲻˵ûЩ֪ܵԽᯣܶʱͷˣҲҪΪȻ
ʵĵһֱںԣŻᱻǾ䡰޹ءʹ
᯳ͬķҵĴεҲ֪˶ãһ̧ͷԼ֪ѵ˾۷¥¡
Դʶ磬ÿ˷ҶƽǲƵȻֱ̤ȥҲѾˡ׼ظȴ˵Ļһ֡
硣
˵磿֪Σ
ˣһΪҵ˸ùޣȴû뵽˲磬̾һղң˵Ҫ뿪ݣڶЩ̲ҿųֻӳġ
ʲôʱߵģ
ʱǰߡ
֪Ķ𣿡
û˵תתЦҿ˳ȥˡ
ң
˵ݳǻʲô˷Ų£Ҳֻˡ 

ٵһϯæһ·Ѱ硣
ҺܾûмˣǵʱʩԮֻ֣³Ų᯻
һֱҶúлȴҲᡣȻѣҸӦðһѲǡȻ˵ѣټһݳǣ
ʱڶ࣬ϰæͺðˡҸող˳ͻȥǲ̫Ƥˣ
ô˼ȥҵһԵķӡ
һˣᯣ˵ȵ֮ˡмҪҪ˵سһΡ
СҴδ᯵͹ͷ˵Ѿ޶ȵòˣҵ˰죬Ǵ֮ȴԻˡ
˵ûա
ǡȵ֮ˡҪûУ
ѹû˵ꡣ
üͷôˣ᯻æЩʲô£Ҳпҡ
ʲô飿
ɫܲΪ
ĪΪŵ¹ڻ
ʱԶԶĿ᯴һõĳ˸ԥƬ̣Ǿȥɸ߼㱻ס
һͷһϲ磡
磬Ĵأ˵Ҫ뿪ݣ
ͻȻץסҵ֣һڱһ߰ɣ뿪ݳǣȥҰȥɽ䣬ƽޣ
ҳһ
׷ʲô
¶ɫˡ
Ļ׷ʵǲ˴㲻ã
˵
£磬ңǸ˵˭һֻع
ûõģ㶷ġ
ҼɥԼ˾ʧȴ˵ʲôһֻعĴ󻰣ȷЩԲ
㲻ҲûϵˣйٴҲվߵġ
ᯣ
԰
ңȻЦˣЦǲ˼飬·仰˵ǶôĻ
ѵ㵽һ㶼û𣿡
ʲô
ֹסЦֱĶҡ
һȥģǽˡ
һ̣һԼǲˡ
˵ʲô
ǽңҹϼӿأײű˳
һʱЩͷ
˵ᯣΪʲôҪô
ֻ֪һЩ¡
ʲô£
㣬ҵΪλ壿
û뵽ͻȻң㶣üͷǱС˺ģ
Ϊ׽ң
ΪǸľ֡
Ϊͬ᯴ģ
ΪһʱѪ
Цˡ
ıѾãѪȴøᣬǲе̫ˣ
˵ʲô
Ǵʱǲӡ
ǡ
ѶԸ

˶ԽõĽɫԽȤԲԣ
š
֪ڣԽҪˣԳĲ𣿡
ֻĬϡ
㣬ͬһͬӡ̵ˣǷҲͬĶģ
Ҳ
ˡɼ㵱ղһʱѪֻһнһ˵ļ֮С
һ˽㣬֪á
һ㲻֪Ż⡣
һǣȻҲᴦĻһȦ
ôһҲҽӻĻ·һö׶ӣҼԭõĲ֡ϣƣȵףƻޱůĶѸٱѡ䣬¶µ̬
㡭˵
翴ҵ۾һֵĵ˱ǡءᯣ
һ֣ף
ḮȡΣռҼҲ
ŪҵԪף
ǺĻף
Щ˷ѹ·ٲ˵ЩʲôҪ׼塣
ҲţƾʲôôʲôҪô
翴ңƺҪ̾ȴЦˣű
ƾʲôΪ̫⣿
ô꣬һֱָʹʲôǰ棬࣬ʲôҪɫԣҪҪݲ㡣
ҪһĲ
Ҫʵ
Ҫ£
Ҫм㣡
ȻʱһŰȥ߸ϣɥ֮Ȯ
ҳ𣺡ҲţҾţʶ꣬ôң
ûа㲨
ţڽ󣬿ȥĵ˭


 18 


ʮ
͵͵ŽһҾ¥İᣬƵߣ˸С
ôŽʲô£
üͷˣҲ֣Щ˰Ұץ
ܾ˰ɣ۲Ϊ
ֻŮ˲ô֣Щ¶
ĺ£ҵǾϵ̫ˣѾʮ㣬ǽյ׵ʱˡ
òܣֻҪҰץǡ
û⡣̻ǱðҰƽıҡͻ桯
ãһΪ
Ҷڴ£ð춼޷·𱻳Ƶģһ
ȥ˭Ҳûп˱˿С
ϵ
һӶǵ
ʹõµףҹС
Ҿϴ


һϷ
Ϸɫһһһδꡣ
һģ˳겻ע⣬ռļҵȡ
ǣһˡ
׸Ƶԭα¶̬ΨкȴԮ֡
˵Ƕˣȴڡ
˵۷ʲôҶȥġ
˵Ҫޡ
һֱţֻһģֻǲᱳѵġ
ǴСһ𳤴
ǰδйֵĹ˼ɺͷ
˵ģЦģģһжĴ˵ģ
ռģӵȫůһ֡
ԣôܱѣ
ôԱѣ
һֱ
ˣϻ˭ţ
ıݣҲļ֡
ֱ֣Ͱԭһҡ

ʱĹȵף˵Щ󣬱ȡ
ʱҲָ֪ʲô
ڣˡ
Ҫһֻӥһֻ߾¶ȴӥһֻҲ޷ӥ
ԣ۶ҵĳ

Ҳ֪ôصߣ߲·ġײײ·岻Լģ·õġ
ʣˣ
û˵
㱧סңҵͷԼǰ̾ϣңû˻ĶáһЩ˽Ǯһ߰ɣ뿪ǷǷǡ
ûзԣѱѡ
ΪЩѿԽҺޣЩȴ޵ûˡ

 19 


ʮ
Ѿȥˡ
ֻ뿪
뿪ǷǷǡ
Ȼ޷ĴƯ
˵Ǿ͵ҵ֮ٽɡ
ҴӦˣҲ
ڶգұ͵͵ҳӡҼڳ֣½֪ǰѼǮѹüͣ͡Է˱ˣǸˣԼս̡
һְģʵѪʱμѣҶҧͦȥˡΪʱҵĵ׻룬Ǹԡʣӽ顱롣ΪǸˣǰһ̸ͬ졢ңܹҪӡ
ʲô룬ʲôϣǹе£һӰ٣ֵֻ

ҺһŰʱ˽ҵ֡

ǽ᯵һŰڵϡ
ͷչڽ⣿
ûС
˵ûУðɣҲãͻȻҪߣһ˰ɣ
ƴʾãȴЦ
ûн⣬ֻЩ벻ͨ
ʲô£
ڹȵأ˵Щ󣬱ȡ𣿡

õ𣿡
ĬһҲ
𡣡
֣ôͻȻôʡ
ҴŬһȻЦݡ
ˣǾʹƼʱڹȵؼɡ
᯵ͷ
ãһΪ

Ұٺףڶһ磬ͬһ˳ǡ
ڵϣϤľɫԶȥãȻ
ҲӦϾȻΪʲôҪϾ
Ϊҵ
Ϊ
Ϊ˱סͽ᯵ĶԵȣ
ҲɣﶼҲ
Щϧʹ޵Ķһģʹʧȥ˱ֻȫ㵹ȥڣտյģС
ڵĶȥ硣
Цˣĺǡ
ҼЦģ֪λӦ

Ҳ֪˶õ·ۿɫ磬ֻһƾɵĿջЪϢ
ջʮ壬סֻǶˡ
ҳԵú٣ˡ
ڴϣȴֻǷƣ쳣۾ȴţԴտҲȴֺ̫ණ͵÷ۡ
ãĵ̾Ϣ
һжȥġ
˵ţҡ
ұ۾ںڰиůȻֹ֣ȥ
磬ʼ˳١
ĵط
㲻ᱻ˺
㲻ᱻѡ
Ϸ·ֻʣԼ

ʱ⻩ˮƮĺ⡣
ȥ۽ǵˮ
ңμʲôˣ
ҡͷĻ
ģḧҵͷһжġ
ô˵ȴҲ˯ţֻһ۱޾֮Уƿշôſţֱɫס
֪˶ã
Ҳˣ·š
ͻȻ䣬ԺðҲûж
ô
û˻ش
̽ͷȥԭشվš
ҾЩԾ´˹ȥ
̧ͷ㿴һӡ
ᯣ

 20 


ʮ
ʪģһˮ
ûп磬ֱԽȥվݵҡ
Ϊʲôûʡ
Ҳ˵
ΪʲôһԵذˣʡ
һǲ˵
ΪʲôҪƭңʡ
أڿڣΪʲôƭң
ɫˡ
˵ʲô
֪ˡЦȫ֪ˡ֪һжı֪Ǻס
᯵üͷݺݵ磺˵ʲô
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ
סڣ
ȵֱ
һȥ
Ҵ𻰣ҵǰ
룡
һƿקҵĸ첲ߣõ֮㱻˹ȥ缸ͼֹȴƿԶ
鼱֮ץʲô᯴ȥ

һ̴ٵͬɿˡ
̧ͷ᯵ĸ첲ˡ
Ÿ첲ʺѪҺָķ϶䣬ͬһſžӨıʯһţţڵϡ
վţץһ֧Ρ
ѪķΡ
ˣ
ͻȻŭɶ磬סĲӡ
ס֣
Ҳ˼һȭ˹ȥ
ֻʼ䣬Ҳ֪Լ˶
˼ײϣ˱յ˸顣
һʱ䣬û˵
ϻصűյѵ
žž
ȻȻͬ뽭᯹ϵѵ
㶵վò̧ͷİ֣һһȥ齥ŻΪһְŭŤЦݡ
ǰҴδŭӣŭݼţżִڶҲضڨڨЦŹǸʮϺ˵ӣ޴֪ԭŭӾ˲
ʣôôԶ߸߷ɣ
ĪĻţͷȥ
ʲôûͷ߰ɡʮĽϣŹǰɡ
飿㻹֪˵飿⾹һֻƬ
סڣᯣҲ׼ô˵磡
Ц
ãܺã
Ȼ³֡
ˡ


 21 


ʮһ
˳˽ҺӲڵϡ
Ӹµǡı˱İ·ǰĲǸʶʮ飬һȫɵˡ
ˣ
ޱ硣
˵أָ򶨣ͷЦѵ˻˽̲ɣ
˵ĺܶԣΪ͢٣ҵȻܶ˽̡
˵ţһ١
ҲҪˣȴ˽ͨõ
ı齩ϣҪ٣
ЦˣЦúܵᣬȴ˲
ôˣұǹ١
˵ţ֡
ŽǾ۷¥𱡣
֪ôˣ
ǣˡ
񣬱㾶ֱЦӯӯĵˡ
籾ܵһ£ĪļҪʲô
ûʲôֻ߹ȥҪ֪Լı֣ҪǾ۷¥
һЦţһߴӴӻʲô
һֻƿ⻬ޱȣ
ɫȴֻƿ˲ˡ
ʲô
ʼ
ȴЦʲôô˲᲻֪ɣ

ʱ䣬ɫ׵һ㣬г˿־尧֮ɫ
ҵŤ
Ҫ
Ⱥȴ·ʲôûİĶסֽţסӣأϲϲ£죬ۿﺬˮȣ޺ȴͬһ㣬
ЦţӣɵӣʲôǺöһƿֵǧ𰡡
˵ű㶯ֲƿȥ
ұ˰ڵϣ嵲סҵߣҿı飬ֻһֵƵİ񣬷·Դ̴ĤңҪ˺飬ȴܿȥʵĺ

ȥ̱ĵѾٽУҲֻˮһһ㡣һƬհףһŻѿ˿һ㣬ʹޱȡ
ɱȺ
Ƶкȴҵֽţ޷ֻͷŵ棬̧塣
ɲŸ֧һ㣬̱Щ˻ȥ
ͷڵϣѪۣȴţ̧ͷٱ¡
һһΡ
ֱմ̱ҩζĺסҵĿڱǡ
ܿ죬ʲô֪ˡ


У
һ۾ԴڻײĶͷһʹϵѪȴѾ͸Ӳڶͷӣͬһ衣
Ҷ˶壬ֽŵѾȥŶͷһƬװΣǾ۷¥ԭ֪ʲôʱҾȻѾصݡ

ڼʮϤȴ͸Ѱӡ
ѰķȥǰһƬɴ磬ɴſе΢΢ڶȻ赸ɴ棬͸ĵƹ⣬Ҿ˻ķɶ㣬ƻ󣬴ƶӡ
ԶԶģ㿴Ƭɫɫ֯Ļ棬ɴӳ£С
ǰ˼
ֱǰľ
ɫģǲ̶ͬ̿ķ˿
ɫģǽʲŤ
һİӵ£ϢңǱڿޣЦʹ࣬ڻ䡣
壬ŤһɫĴߡ
Σŵİ
Ӵǵڼˣ
̵᯲Ļڶ𣬲֪ʱվҵԡ
ϵȻ۾
һ̣ע⵽ɴҵĿ⡣
Ҫ
Ľ컵ľƿϵˣڽҿңֻһζͷʹޣǽᯣǽ᯸ҩ
ǣ˵ЦŴӻһֻƿ
ϵֻƿӣ֮ǰĶ
Ѵƿ˼£ȻЦŰƿ˨һͷȫȥȻʣʲôҩҩ
סˣɴ۾һŵı顣
ΪԼܴΪʲô鶼ԸΪһҩлһ߲ܺȡͬ飿
һ˵һЦˣЦݼỴ̄Ť
ûҩеֻԼϲϣΪǸ
ģģģһҩ㻻ˣˣ
ŮָУظЩ仰ʹ
ұս˫ۣһת߻غڰɴ֮ҸԼʲôûп
ˣ
᯸ҵĽŲ̽ͷҶЦ
Ȼͷ
ᯣ
ץ½ҪҪƴҪ˺ҧȻȴˡ
ں¡
ǰδеĿ־塣
˭
ǽô
ôɳ£
ôܹɳ£
ҲţĿᯣ㾿ʲôʲô
Ҫһȥ
磬ΪҺȥ

˵أ
ңﲻһ˿¶ȡ
ˣݡ
˲
Ļ˲˼飬·Ҫȫĵרעܾ׽е˼
Ҫ𣿡
ûлش𣬴ȴ¶һ˿Ц
ҵĵһɺ⣬ĸоѸӼӣգȵ־̼һС
ҴȻżЦˡ
ЦЦЦᶼЦ˳
ĩˣ˵
ᯣǸ


 22 


ʮ
һص˽᯾סĹۡصԼ޵鷿ط֪ٴΣȴδһԼһͽݹ١
ĮȻϴȥϵѪۣϸɾ·ұվţľȻŴ⡣
껹£Ѿ͸ʲôˮʪȴȻ泯Ŵ·ֻǵӲŲԽԽ
Ҳ֪˶ã᯵
վʪˡ
˵ţһԣһ
ûнӡⲻǷֻڹִľܾѾ̫ۣ̫ƣҲûȥ⣬ȥֱƬ̵᾿黹Ǽ⡣
ûзӦԹźҲá
Һõȣ˵Ҹô㣿
һ߲ŪҵͷһõЦĿʡ
ûлش
ô˵
ָʼͷק̧ۣͷ
ǲ˵ǲм˵
ȻûӦ
ῪڵĶ԰ɣץסҵգҺӣӦٲʵʱԿͷĿɲֻһ
ֻúӦһ
Ͷˡ
˵ţЦݣͷϲá
粻ˣӲ
ڿ˼ֶεİҴҪʲôǼǸѵϷҪҡβϧôһﲻԤڵЧΪȻ̵ôãվһûеȵյף֪˴𰸡
ץźִҶͷգŲӣһ·£ᣬС
ĬĬؿæµڿһѾ˵ڵľĿȴšıȻֱҪʱһܿˡ
˿գüͷһȴָֻЦݣ⿪ҵ´
һαܿ
ʪˡ˵Ҫ
һ棬ҲҪϷĹ򡪡ӣԼƻĿ¡֪˼ֻҪһգҵţӲ㲻Ȼˣұ㲻ٺˣţ½
һصʱʣô
Ҳش𣬡ȴܿʪĿ˼Ƥ
òӦЦǾ͹ŰɡȻԹԵͷűīиƿƿ޹ޣɰʯ࣬ۻƣۣ֬࡭Щþߡ
ȻϷʵЦˡ
㻭һ

ҼУ᯴Сֻһλ
һףٳˣǶˣ񣬽ҲһСȲĴ򿪣ȴֻһԼġòãܳҴ򿪣ֻһ۱æϡ
һΣҲûмĻ
ұΪһˣû£û뵽ȴһ
ʣ¡
ȴֽϣҵĶͷϡ
ıʼմ֬յϳһ졣
üǣǱ°͡
ʪıʴźͷ»ȥģģòһ·ֱǰǵ̺۲ͣ¡ǵΪӮ᯵ĶԼµĽˡ
ǽسªİ̺ۣЦţ۾ﲻһ˿¶ȣɷѿģҲѹԥһ˵һñʼĻȦ
صĴ̲סɪȴͻȻסҡ
ǵ͵Ļ𣿡
յôϢҵϣĳʪ
ҲǣǲһųóĻϵǼͭǮϡ֪ôΪһ˺˺ֻ㻨һµʱųһġ
᯵ָ͹ļ׵¡
ʱָϲأֻһۣϡֻ˵ɫεĳ˵ò˹ͽ࣬˵·ʵڲ㴩㾫ϸ˵ͼ˼治֪ôģ
г˺⡣
Զ㵱ʱӡֺϲƺһۣƺΪѵ±ǸĪĶ䡣
һ˵һ̽ȥ
һ˵Ķ뺦£ĺë
ס֣
ƿһ̣ȴͻȻšҵĸ첲˳ѹϡ⧲ѹһʹӦϥǱѿ˫֮䡣
һֱ㶼̫Ҹ̫ңΪ¶ҪΧתΪ˶Ҫ㣬ϰָʹʢˣв˳˳ѱ˵ڽŵףΪ˶ñ쾭壬Ա˺Ӧøм㡣ԣұ¶ģִɫѾܹˣгһҶҪ㳢˲ڽŵµζ֪ʲô裡
խĲλͻȻʲô˽⧲

ȫӲˡ
ס֣ᯣס֡
˻ߵĽþȫȴ޷ָֹ룬Ľ䶯̼űʹĲ֣֮羷ΰ㲻סĲ
ʹʹʹ־壬־壬ǿ־塣
ұָоɣ̲סʼ󣺡Ҫ
֣ͣ˳
ҴһȻһ̣Լı
ѹ֣·ӡ֤˺ѵʹխĲλΪ޴ʹһ¶ǵӲĴ̽ƺҪ˺롣

δĶʹÿһӾ磬ֱȫ롣
ҿʼ塣
ȴЦ
ǵ𣿡˵һ֮ȥݹƣ˵ʲôⱲӻûѹҲѹζΣŵֻջس
ȵĴϢ
ʱ㣬Ҫ汻ѹô죿˵Ҫ˸㣬Ҳǽµһˣû뵽ʮˮתⱻѹζΰ
Ҷߴݶ񶾵Ļ
úüסζסµӣ
Ķÿһζ޴ʹ棬ҧѪ߬ű죬˻ź־Ľ
ᯡ־ɱңȻҵŹ㣡
ɱ㣿ЦҿûôɵҪİ
սҵĶ䡣
ӥɼ


 23 


ʮ
ܾǰԽ˵ӥûУ
ӥǲİڿǺεȣһѱӥ˵УҲֻйԹΪԵĹߡ
ѱ˺ѱӥһȡΣ۶İǣ᳼ˣһصĸ㡣ʱ򣬼ʹҲ޷뿪ˡ
ʱǷ޵Ľµһ٣뵽Щպ󾹻ԭԭԼϣ
᯵ĥһҹ
ײѭ
۾ʱѾˡ
ѱľͬɢ˼Ƶ̱һšʪճĸоӣǵҺʪ˴̡
һʹн˿ҪҲáƿ´·ҡҡλεľſߡæܹȥŲ֡
ÿǳ⣬ȴġûһȭȥȻ壬Գš
ϵʹûˣǳӡǣҽŲȣߵûŻšײײ
ұ뾡ؼȷİΣ
ھҳݲʱ䣬Ҳü
ȻԸȴм͵һ棬֪ұһ־ܡԣΪ˱סвҵĳ룬ضƽҲͲôͬ˺Ƥ
Ҳ᯻ûж֣
ҲһдԶ߸߷ɵĻᣡ

Ȼһǵ͹˽᯵ĻжصУһоտҲﲻˣʲҵҲˡ
䵽˽᯵
ʵտյͬʬһصۡ
ƺ֮УŲæĺŲ衣
ҿܾãƣĿڣأ
ģܺá
Ц
ֻҪԹһжá
ЦϰһȴѲͬôһˣôһʶʮˣһСһ𳤵ˣһǳ䵱Ϻ˵ˣһˣҵ˼һõĲ֣ûֹ
ҿѾҲŭ
ֻֿ죬ԳЦˡ
ᯣ㾿ôҪô
վͷҵ۾˵֪ġ

һҿʼڹۡ
᯲ҵɣֻҪ˸ţұڸ߶Ҫȥͱõ⵹ǵߣֻΪ˸ҵ
ﶼֻҪİΣϵϣͬһεסҵĲӣ޷׵ֿ
ǰĽʮֺٶŭһҹȥʶǸˣȻֻеϣֻǰŻ¶̶ӵıʡ
ֺϷ
ִֵ壬ܵ賰̤ҵҵĳ̬еĳ룬ʹֵܸ尾һһս̵ļޡһ޿̵ķʮָˣϲӣһָ߸ϵı񣬰ΪϵȤڡҧܣüͷ䱾
֪Ŀġ
ڵȴҵȴҵĳ١
ҪһֻӥһֻҲ޷뿪ӥ
ϵ˳ӣĳ
ֻϧֻζĶ
ʼ
ϵģϵġ


 24 


ʮ
ûã㵽˾Ѯнڡ
ʱҴδԼͽӭӡЩӣԳ͸пҸеһ˿ǡҽỊٰ̇᯵ĥʲôЧ˱ǿܵĳҵٳøһᡣȻҵԹޱԵǴף٣ضŹӶҽд
ҵĵǺܿӦˡ
ʮǸ糿ѵ㣬ʱȴŵһǻˮҶɣŶ̱ǣںĿԽ
һ٣ˡ
ڻң̵ĳƺǽ᯵Ƕҵı׼νҷ㿴һꡣƽ֮ǰᵹڵصǸС޸ĸ룬᯼м㣬ޱȣԲűҵһһԻչӡ
ڿᣬʣʲôζ
·ζ
˵ţе·
һ籽ƵķʤպƷ籺ߣ滹һµĶƽǿĸ̱ʯ·ҫ۵Ĺâ
ҲϴǰͷʱҴңڹУ̸ϯǵֱ֮Ұ䣬γΪֹ
Ϊʲô·
ʲô
᯵
һعͷޱؿ
ʲô
ôտٳ
˵ţϷʵЦˡ
߰ɡ

ǽ᯵һδ߳ۡ
һ·ϲ·ꡣ
ĻԵľɫɣ緢ʱ⣬ٴκͺ·ϣӽഺֻͨĵطΪ۷¥
ҵ
ȻǺȻˡ
ЦĻ˵ô򵥡
һʲôڣ
ôʣ֪ҿͼҲЦ˾֪ˡ
Ȼûȷ˵ҲףҪĲҵЩɽ
ȻڰһȦʶӰϹӡܹӡǮӡӡȥЩѶˣͷͥ档û뵽᯾Щ˾۵֮ȫ
ȥɡ
ϯ䣬˼ϯæͷޱڡһԹֻۣһĻϤȺСˣôҵģһ콭᯵̨Ҳضǽƣܺãܺá
Ҳĺ棬Ĭ£˿ңϴΧҵľϺЩΣܿװ÷·ʲôûзһѿ
һ٣Σ
òһͦء
֪ںδ߾ͣ
һԲֻǷƨЩ˼һӶеҲסֻûŹΧ
ʱһŽ
Ǹˡ
̧ͷסˡ
һμʱȣ仯ԣһȾİ£˫׽͸ֲɫ
ֽ
һֱҶţңҵеŬΪһܹȻʱ˿̣Ӧ֮ǵȴãȻˣֻЩΪ˻ѾĻңԶ
ע⵽ңҲסˡ
Ҳ벻һ
֣ô
á
ҿͻȻ䣬һڰºݺ߬סҵչѹɤţôû
в֮⣬ֻõͷ
Һãܿ˿ʼϲˣת˽᯵ע
ҵļУ۷¥ʢòŮӣƲֻ˵ĵ׺ȻȴܲѰµĳʳһһıҼеĲɫζȺɸΣۡӡ촡֦¯ϸѼÿһˣԽɫʣʱ⡣
ĪģǸƻصɽȡ
ʽᯡ
ΪʲôҪأ
Ƕôϣʱܹתǽµһ٣᯲ǹδлڡǸжá
ȻȴشЩ󣬱ȡ
ҺȻЦ·ЦݣҲҲ顣
һ̧ۣȴ
ңӵһ˿̣ͬ˵ô⸱ӣ
һʹҵȻ֪Լʲôӡ
۶ҵĳ򣬴ҵұֻõǰС
˵ʲô
ǮӵͻȻ˽
͢ŹԱãһ˳
һعԭ˵ǸΪͯĻ¹٣ˣǰճ͢Ϊͬ˾˾ʿķ顣
˵ʲôݡѫ׿ͯн죬ǿں޹ֻģҲʼǻ˵ˣ̫ʦ̾Ҳǿ׻ʯļô
ϹӵͷǰͷٸιپʲôãҪӹٽҪʥϵĻģ˵߾ٱһͶԹ
᯲Ӳ磬ֻЦΪ͢٣ֳȻýӿڡ
ȻǵĶԻȴ͵һ¡
˵ʥϡֱ˻ζ೤
Ǹ򰲷еļտ͹٣öص壬֮ǰԼֲ²⡣пܣտ͹پǵʥϣôöȷʵܹԣΪҴλ
Ҫ;һΪ˱סԼͽ֮ĶԵȣΪ˷ЩԣŽıİ¶𣬲ֻжȨƵְֻֻӵȨƣҲſһſѽ᯵İڲ
Ȼö徿
һǵãǸʱ壬ȴڷֽ᯵ıѣĻ֮·˸ļƻתͬӣֱץݡԣӦûڹۡ滻µֻǲ֪ηɻ˰ȥ
ͻȻ䣬˼ʹϣԭǽץסҵļͷ
ʲôأһ٣
ķʣ͸𱸡
Щ飬æ۾˵
ɲá˵ţˣʵٳ
׸ƵСԣ׷վơ
Ӵԭǵһٵĺӣʧʧ
Ϲӻ֣Ը˼䣬ܿ죬˺üƵĹ
ֻϧﲻڣһҪįˡ
ᵽ磬ͷһݡ
˵ˣ޾ǰЩҲˡ
λﵹ൱
޾ﲻǽ˵ĺ֪ô˵˾͵͵ģȥݲؽˣ
˵òȥÿε۷¥ֻ޾һˣ޾Ĳ²Ҳ⣬͵ۿᯣȴҲҿ
ҿȻЦˡ
սѹ
֪Ϊʲôÿȥ۷¥޾ô
˵˹
Ϊķڣڰ嵥ʱĴϢʱҾ룬Ůˣ֪˭Щ
Ҵһܸ֮߳пʼơѾ˽˽᯵ãʱԽǵֿԽǵ⡣ǽҲ᲻ϧۣ˺Ƥ˿Ϸ
ֻýӲ壬ţͷϵı顣
ҺýȫĿĽ㣬ûһơֻ÷ſңžƱһӹһ١
Ȼȴ˷Źңٱվţ̧
մΪף٣̫
ֻ̧ͷŬһЦûУҺܸˡ
ȻˣǾ͸ɴ¶һΪ˰ɣ
ԭĿģҧأðҪѧлѧ¥Ů轣Ҷ㵽ס
˵Ц˭ǹأǿûмĻؿˣһʮֻдһְɡ
ڳ˷׷壬վ׼īֽ⡣ܿ죬йķıֽ̿ʣĥīֽԳŨ
дʲôʡ
һû浽Ϊ᯵ȷֻҪд֣Σдܺùѡ
дϲĺˡ
룬˵һ֡
?Ƚƪ
ҵ΢΢һ£ָֺܿ򶨡
á

ʣ£ī֭ıʼֽѸ߮
صĲ׳ʿνѣɶˣʱӰıʷµľȴʮºͣ񾲡
Īߣȳɣˣͯˣԡʣӽ顣
һֱҶһһϴǦڻӽʱڱĵ֮С
ҵ룬ĵĶ֪˲࣬Ҳδ뵽һ죬仰˺Լ
дú˳Ҳܿ졣
д꣬ұˤ˱ʡ
ͬһͽѺԱĵȴо١
ְ
Ǻ֣
ã
˺Ȳʣ˱׷׸ͣĻǼ⡣
᯿ַһֿ˿ңȻ̵Цˡ
˵ôһ֣Ǯ

ǲ˵ᯱתͷߵģ㣬Ը٣
ʮӣȥвãʣūûʲôǮṫӵôãӦһӰɡ
᯵ͷãλһûгøߵģ
˴Ц˼ԭ᯲ͬߡˣһ侮ʯ֮ͽһԹıߣͬһ
һ̫ˣҳǸ

ҳ


ҾͳźߣһǮ

ҳһƬЦţţĽмۣЦô·޴顣
ܿϧЩ˶ˣΪ֪һ仰ƸЦǾǺܾúܾǰиʵظѣԺҪӡǸνȴ⵱һʮЦ
ǣҲЦˡ
ֿ죬¶ݣģЦˡ
ҳһǧ
ͻȻ䣬и˶ϯʼͳĬԵˡ
һǧظһ顣
Ц֣Ȼܣ˭ܱ۸ߣ
û˻Ӧ
ã֣һǧˡ
˵ţңʾҰָ
վϵַȴûеݸһ֣˺˸顣Ȼ˾㵵ĿУﳤȥ
ҵ룬ˣ˭Ҳ̣ˡ

 25 


ʮ
ɪżڽֵĿĵţҹ纮䣬ӭХƺ˵Ķû֪˺ַһ̣ĵ׵·ҲԼ˫ֻƬ᯵óˣڼҶݣҷΪһֵĥҵһͻƿڡ
ŲٶȺܿ죬ʮӯӦѵء
û뵽᯵ô׷ˡҲҵЦʵ׷ҳҲûȥòȥ
ǽŲܿ쵽ȴҵĲǰУһξ롣ûèϷվͷҲصʣʲô
Բ𡣡˵Ҳ롣
عͷڵƻ°밵
ڵǸΪ֮ǰһǧĿۡΪ֪Ƿдľĵ׿ҪĶЩ飬ܾǰҸ˵ܾǰõԼҪˣȴǵá
ȻǵΣ
֮ż
ſ죬Щȥװʲôûз
ǣһڣȴɬˮڲ֪ʲôʱ䣬һȴֺܿ챻̹ǵı棬ƤʹţһæͷӰԼı顣
һ̣ȴסˣҶֽš
˵Ҫޡ
ҵؿڴʹһ꣬ʧھʱҲһ˶˵ͬĻǸʱӵסңҵͷļϣһԶ֧ŵ㡣
˵Ƕˣȴڡ
˵۷ʲôҶȥġ
˵Ҫޡ
ҵ޼ɵǸ˵ļͷͬȫиһ
ȻԺأԺַʲôأ
ȥ̲סЦˣֱƿǰˡ
û¡
һ£֣ƺҪȴһʹ˿գûȥˡ˵꣬תȥ
ͬĴһξ͹ˡ

ҹұű̬ص׼ܳͷֵǣ᯾ûл
ҹδ飬˾۷¥λ
˿ȴиͻȻˣ֮գҲûἰϵ¡
û죬ַһ£ʹýûûҹæµҲڿԷǣʯٱһ
ڵʥϲ滨ʯպӦ˾ͻʯĴӱ㴨Ϣ㽫֧Ϊʯ١룬һιƷ;ʱᱻĦ̱١Ϣһ̫ʦ̾ŭ飬ΪйٵĽȻԴ
ҲǡǧѷĻῪʼж
ھ۷¥飬ҵ壬͵ʥУܵõĹپܳɹҲʧȥҪЮĳ롣
ȫͷѡ
ҴߵĶʼѰ䵹Ȼȴҵȴʧ
ʱ䲻࣬ұץסõУȻҲҾ̵תӦ滻ϴĹʧȥӰ֪һ˶תĳʮϤҪɹӣ˵İǱǣҵ꣬ƽ
ȻǷ֮ǰҵʳӣΪ˴ȴʮСϸǴγͻ⣬һֱҶʮֺȻ㻹ԶԶҪΪã벩ȡβС
һֱҲһֱһ죬Һ̯ڰϵʱ¶һ˿ı顣
ϲȥˡ
æҡͷòãˣҲûõġ
Ҽôսսķ񶨣Цʶô
ңСĵͷʶ࣬ǽ˽̵ġ
дˣȻʶ֣Ҫдãô˵أⱾ͸ˣ㲻֪ô㣬Ҳš
ˣֻ£л
ӴԺұ㳣ʶʡд֡

ʴӱһ£ƽʶֱ㹻徭ˣֵȤȴԶԶ飬ȥЩҵƷȻӡѩʱųɹȪϵ뱮أҲ塣ֱ󿴵ġʫ΢ģȴֺܿ˵ԡ
ЦҪ̫̰ģ鷨ʲôԲԡȴ粵ǰڽ￴һ֣ΪĲ飬ڿȴֲ񣬱Ǹߡôдġ
˵߱Ȼҿ
ƾȻЩ룬ȻһǺܿ췢˵ǻؿݡЦ緢ʱΪһ壬ԴҰ䣬ӦɫļУȴΪʲô
дʲô
ˣͯˡʲôġ
ȻǡȽƪûŪֻôϴξ۷¥ﻹû湻ô
˱ʡ
д
ƽԹɫ֪ҶŭæϴҪƽ֪ˡ
ҿ˺һžڣҪǸͰһһܹһأؿݽҲ޷
Сʣʲô
һö塣

Ҷƽ˵öҵµģȻӦˡȻĹȥһ̰ͨᯣȻܿϧһξҲá
ƽĶܿ죬û͸ңҵˣԭǱϴ·͵͵ȥˡ
ûô
ЩΪѵÿңû
˵Ĳ̫ûгţԼ޷ĵʵûǮôܰѶ
ǮǮǮ
һ֮ʱΪɶʧȥˣ֪ôˡڵһһڽ᯵ļ֮УΪ岻һ񼣬˴¡
ʱһ
۷¥ۡһǧд֡

᯲ϲԣƿƽע⣬һӵǽ⡣һ֣ھ۷¥˺һޣ渽һдţ˭ܽЩ͵ɵðһ
ȥӣǵȴ
ƽд֣ؼļ
һ죬дţȻӣųȥһԭǳˮˡۼŨ̹ƽæȥæȻ
ͻȻһסңʾҲҪߡҴƧǽߣܵһ硣֣ȴǽשԸȥǺ棬¶ûӰн˿һұˣ
ÿɺã
ûнӿڣֻյˣ
š
Ʊأ
ݸһƱ۳˵һŰ
ҽӹŤͷߣ˹ϸ
ȴסңЩǮôóȥأ
Ҷס˽ŲȷԼûа취ʹãƽȥ꣬һǮοƱ滹ҵ̵ӡ¡
һͷʲô
㡣
ߣתߣнȫǰͣµڳ̬ôʱȴ㣬Ȼǣ
ͼˡ
ȥҵ˵һõûԶҲûԶĵˣһʱѣʱǵˡ뽭᯵ͬ˱ˣ˵ĳǸҲƣһɽݲ¶οССݳСͬĵʱϵԱǢһʧͬ˱߽⡣ڣȴȲϹٸȨơ粼ãѱᱻץʲôѱû
Ȼôô
ϸͼһЩߣȻûںڰеıƽú޲Ψ˫۾ĺ͸̶ˮ䡣
ҸԼİæҲգϷҲգ﾿룬ֻҪΪþ͹ˡΪڵľ棬˺
ңȥһɡ


 26 


ʮ
û죬㵽ĩ͢Ļʯһڸƣݰն˿ԺúùˡȴǲУβԭͶ࣬һָǰ֪ݸϻ磬֪ݵδ֪ȴæʰСС鶼ӵһϡ
ԹۣϲýæûڵأҲûп
ֻϧԸΥˡ
Ϧ֮ҹ˸˽һ㵹ϣԳԵЦƺʮֵ⡣ 
֪ʲôˣ
˭
ʹߡ
ʹ߱ǰЩƵܣոĵְ԰ܹ˾ȴֱʥϱ࣬Ϊ¹١
ʲô
֪ݵʥּ
Īĳһ£˭֪ݣ
Цˣҡ
ֲôˣȵþ죬ȲİϲóҲҵԸԸ⡣
ʥּ˵ƽĦ̱ͽ׷ػʯйصΪ֪ݡûʥּʱ˵ɫ࣬ǸŶ
ؽӿڣҲֲǣǳûĦ֪֮̽ͣλԭôֲͷϣЩϣȻвʡ
ˣȴԽЦ
ʲôѵ㻹ΪĦ̸ɵģ
һѵǣ
Щͨ˰ˡ
㾹Ȼѱ
ӦõģΪץЩƷĵ˾ףæͨﵩ߲ݵʱȺٶʲôȥˣճԺ֣ûһϽ˳ģȰһðֻͣǰһӦõĶ
Ħ̵
ֻĦȺ˽Ᵽз磬͢Ҳذ죬۸ʺȥף
˵ţȻ뵽ʲôҵĶ䡣
ҲˣľҲĦ̵ģֲٰά
ż񣬲Ťͷȴһѿס
ô˵˳ΣӢ䣬·
޿̣˭һ̬ô
ǸŮӡ
ǸˡЦţ̽ҵʲô
ҺܾûлǸµŮӣʹĽЩͽ˵ĸһ˫˵Цʱ·˵ĺ͸̶ˮ㡣
ͻȻˣ۾ֲҵһμϤԭŮһģ
ô˵
̧ͷӭŽ᯵Ŀ⣬
᯵Цʧˡ
ͻȻ䣬һץҵ½󣬴³
⧲һͷĿѣؿ͸æȥƣȴƽѹ£齡תۼ䣬ǿұ̵ѹ޷ȵխҧźŬ壬ͼʹʹ⡣
ȴȻ⡣
ץ
ҧزǡ
ŭˣ׺ݵḺֱ̌ڴϣ˫۽գʶ롣
㱼䣬ȴָ̾⻮Ȼüͷ
˵ɵϡ
һҹΪŭ᯸˳صĴۣȴҲﵽԼĿģ֮ļ϶ԽֻĵŻʹͼ£ңֻҲſ֮

 27 


ʮ
󣬱ʮԪڣһԪڣҪĻҡ
̵˵һٴеԪٻٵعٸÿ궼Ҫû޴ɽҹУȼ֡ݳÿԪڵĿ񻶶֪֣ĹԱΪ˰ͽεĽᯣԼͬ¡
ʮ֮ҹƻͨܣϷУʮ
񻶲ŸոտʼҪҹȻЩֶ޹أֻڷУƽһŷ޸ĸɥʧĸӳȤ
ųţͻȻҧʲôӲͷ򣬴кأʯƬȴֱǹ⻬ϸ塣
ϸôӣѵǹģ
ȥĳһҪƽ֧³ĶȴʱŽ
һ̧ͷһȻǽᯡ
˲ȥֿôôôͻˣ
߽һϣÿѽڱ˼ףд˷š
Ҹæ𿪡
ЩӡģϤּдĺܳȴֽʡҹÿɺãʲôطЩʲôʶЩʲôˡԼ˵ʮּԣֻ˵ڽ᯵չһжá
֮ǰ²᯲δͬ˺ƤΪֹʲô֪
ܺãܺá
ֻҪһаãұˡ
ţԱߵĽȴͻȻʣţɸˣ
ҺӦһ
⣺ô˵
ǲش𣬶޷شĶʯͷҲˣֻѰصǿڣһᱻ᯷֣ãҲ񼣬תɵͷϣȻŲ˵ֱضưոݡ
Ϊѣ޷ϡ
᯵ɫȴۼųȥ
ôϲսҵģ
˵ţ
һͻȻǣסͣûѶ档Ȼˣֹͣԣֻ»ýɡҸݳıݺǺƵġ
Ϸ죬Сʱұ˰ܣ˺ܳһʱ䣬ÿҹᱻجξѣȥҹ纮ȴϵ㳣ҹҹĿԣͬҪķζȳһÿʱ׾ҵıιҳԴˡұ㳣װƭҵûң
ȥ֣Ҳ˼ǧعŷֱĴ
ұΪƽعͷȴ˽ᯡ
üͷһǣڿͻȻʶʲôֻɫʮΡ
ƮһĳĬ
ղžʲô
֪
ֻԼʲô顣
߬ĺȴĪĻҡ
ֱԶ֮һâҹա
ʼˡ
ǣʲô룬̧ͷ⡣
ҲûٶֻվţĬĬģ̻Ѥá


 28 


ʮ
Ժ̯ĵĺп鶫ͨ͸Բö壡
ǵˣȻôͳȥȴǸ⡣ѣֻ֧ƽٴͨϵ
ǽᡣ
ҽ򰲷һλʦʦĹҰŵݸ
һ£û뵽鲻۵徹бá
Ϊʲô
㲻ҪǣƽôǣƵĵһ
Ҽɣûз⣬棬Դơ
ʵ˴ԼʼûȥٿȻ룬ǵҵŴˡ
ֻ֡
ݡ
ʲô
֪ġ
ɣȻǲ򰲷һУǲʶλտˣζ벻öСС徹ôã˲ıһ˵ˡ
ȻʲôãֻðѶսС
齻ˣҲת׼ˣȻ룬ǻͷһ䣺ǲϲ£
ԣɫ΢䡣
ûشѾҴ𰸡

ȥӣ˵ȴǵȴ
ʱҳ飬ȥҺǣԸˣȴܹ侲˼ˡ
˵ҵľˣԼȴҵɱˣôôɵ飿ҲӦôɵ顣
Ҳһвɺϡ
ȣҼĶʱҵѾĿڼҲȫûбҪıҵΨһܵıǸҵʧٵǸϣ׶˵һΪѾ¡ȴش㣬᲻£֮ضЩʲô֪ģңҵ˵ǡǡǡ㡱Ӧòֹһˡ
һ飬˵ʦ˵ʦһˣܺȴɱΪӦɱʱ˵ʦ˵롮¡ҲŹǸˡҲ²òʦ˱ҵʦȻΪʲô𣬺ʱȴֲö֪ˡ
ΣǸŮӣҵ챻ͽ˺ʱǰӪȣǽҴʮƫƧĳȴôʱӦͨ籨ţô˭֪ͨأҲ˵ʦͬŮӺôأ
̫࣬ȴԶԶ

ҵôԹӦú֪ŶԣܼҲŪһжԹȥ


 29 


ʮ
תۼ䣬뿪м£ݽ÷ʱڡ
һ÷꣬ʪ˲֪˻ߵУȺӵ룬һж·Ԥʾʲôķ
ϣ˯ţͻȻҵţȥ
ͷֿտյĻҵĳȵס
Ѷʦʦˣ
ͷ
˵ʲôûУ
ûС
Ҳţץʣʲôû˵
ȴ̧ͷ¶᯵
˵ΪһŹ㣿Ϊһóѣ
Ҿʧȥȴܿ췢ֱ·һ
᯴Цһıƽߵҵǰ֣סҵĲӣһֱһҡΡ
͸ƴ
鼱֮һ۾ˡ
ԭǳΡ
ѹûںصƲ֮ʹǰһжģ塣Ȼȴһ𶯵ĸо齸֨죬·˭ҡΡ
ҾδΪĸξȴ
ž
ʹԷ䡣
Ӷڲ
ԭǵض
ΣֻӵĿȴδԥӦô죬ȴֹͣˡ
ֵ˺һû״С´
ᷭ䣬ҵɢڵϣһƬǽ壬˼һŸһŵ͵ģҲ֪ЩʲôһСģϱһ£ײϡ
棬ֻ̨öڵţͻȻ洫һ󼱴ٵĽŲ˼£˴ţȴ򲻿ΪضΡ
վ׼ȥæһ̣Ű屻߿
ҳһ̧ͷ㿴һ˫ںڰ˸۾
ңҲ˭û˵
ΧܾٵĴϢ
ֱɢˮ¹ԳӣҲԼøɵ¡ͷ¹ҵ̨ѵϵŻԭλ
û˵Ҳûжֻǿš
Ҳ⣬Ҳô⣬ûٴԹ˯ˡʱѾڣֻ̨ϵͣһء

 30 

ʮ
º֪εضӡ졢ԭأΪأ񷿿˶ɥۡ˻㰲ȻֻеùƽڴϲСıµƬƵͷ˻æȥ˴ûʲô󰭡
Ϊ˰οƽҿʼϰؿݡ
ЩӣѾдЩģˣ޲ظңھ˷дúá֪⺢ʮŬϰȥԺ󻹲֦ľڵϱȻ
ҹдòǰǿˡ
˵Цˡ
˵ģǰдȫΪ棬ȫȻ;úȥسɴ˵ţͬЦʥ黭дƯ˵̷ٸ
ȴ棬͵ƽû٣ֻãԺܰｭ˵æ
⺢ӻĹ
ԸأҲô
ԥһôᣬ˲Ầġ
ҴЦ
ģˣôϲ
Цø
ϲֻ۾ģ
Ƿַ
֣ʲô֣
ƽ𻰣ᯱŽˡ
ƺܺãһ̳ϺõĹ𻨾ơ
Ҹղſһ棬ĸʫ˵֣ʮȤ
˵մžˮд
˷¶ǰ˪ѩѰˮ
ƽվһץ
Ҫô£
ûд𻰣˼Ƭ̣ѧ˽᯵մžˮд¡ֵס͡ˡĸ֡˷νٵ¶ǰ˪ѩΪ ߰ס֮⣬гֵףΪˡȻָˡ
ƽŴ𰸣ȴǲԣѰ˼š
᯿ˣҲֻ⼸ַ
Щ֣Ҫڽͣȴ
ؿݡ
ԼѾûдˣ٣ڽǰ
Դӵھ۷¥ұΪԼⱲӶڽǰд֡û뵽ӽ̶ƽһСȴ¶˳
ǹ𻨾𴾺ϢҲǱЩζƻţЩ֣ͻȻĪǰǸƻصĹȵףҲó𻨼ҳ
һʹ
µ񣬻ʲôģ
ԳЦţƱЩϡ
һԿţʲôҲû˵
ĩˣվ
һҪΪʹ߽ӷ磬ˡ
Щƣ


 31 


ʮһ
ڶգʹ߼٣Ϊӷ磬ȻѲ
һǵʹȥʱ˽֪ݵϢ֪ʱٴΪʲôĿġΣ޹ء
ҹʱ֣ҪЪϢȴȻ顱һűƿ
վɫࡣ
ƽһμôµӣһߣ¼ˡ
᯵ȴǼģһӣڿջѰһһˮ
ɽ¥䲻˵ȴᵽΣյϢԾȥҲƽ
ڣ޿ʱˡ
?????ʲ?ô
һһֵʣɳѪ˿Ŀ·Ҫһ
ҵûţ׵׳ʲô¡
Ȼϸ㱻һѿסӣȥҴֲӲײשʯϣ԰ĴʹѸȫ
㵽ʲôôŪͨеְλģ
ʣָҵľսһʹĲ
ͨУ
סˣͻϢûʵУҳľ׽˵仰ⱳĺ塣
ѵǡ壿
ѹŴŭŤı顣
ԼʿˮĺˮƤ
Ϊʲô
ʵ֡
ҲԾر۾ȻܿأȴЦ
֡
ΪʲôҪң
ұ˺Ƶġ
ʲôң
ҪУҲӦãѵû˺ңѹô
ˣ磬ҵһΪʹ
ЩʹЩ裬ЩȵѪĭЩļЦӡҵļһҲǣڣȴҪڳܺߵ̬ô
ڲϵ˫֣ؿ
Դ͢ٿɲðɣˣ
ջֱ֣ӣӸµҡ
ΪӮˡ
֪ﻹϡ
ⳡľ֣δӮҲû䣬ֻʤոտʼǰ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϡ
Ҳӣǣǣͷӭ۾һһֵĵҪ????
꣬Цˣģмһ˵Ц
Ȼָݺ߬סҶǰķ˿
Կˡ


 32 


ʮ
꣬£ҵʥּ˳˹ۡ
ߵʱͬʱһȻһûκװ
ƽסңȡˣЩ·ô죬ǽΪõġ
ȫˣôá
ǡһɣֹһҪǻأ
ұ˵ûܣСڴӣЩ̣û𣬾Գš
ʼգ᯶ûгңҲãһСĵ˺˿Ц
һػɣұɱ֮ǰһͬסӣϢ
ȻΧЩסͲҡͷ˵֪֧ʡҿֶ飬ΪɥֻðοԼҪ٣ЩѰЩʱҲͻз֡

ڶ죬ŹٷǰȥΡ
εͨһְλ̫ʵγãĿΪ˼ǿԵطٵļͿƣְֹ֪ȨأרְλɻʵֱίɣΪ֪ݸְȻ֪ҪҪͨһЧ⣬Ǯȡڡ֮ۡ£ͨнԿɲþ֪ͨǩſʩС⣬ͨһְӵֱʥϱȨʮҪ
ԣҸһΣвԱŷѸٵĸĴιѲӣæŰͽֺá
·ƹ˾Ժʱ˾ξæĽµĵɽһŵ˵˴еѽʮ꣬ڴϸ΢֮ѰҪ֮ǰʯٱҲΪư˺͡ˣһԼлһ֮ǰнתż㣬俴ʲôŵУӦûЩͬѶϢŶԡ
Ҫϸ̸ӭȴһС˾ξסܵ˽ͥ¹ٵ¡
ͥ
һ̧֣ͷȻԩ·խ
Ҳʮ־ȣ֪ұεͨУǲӶɳʮˮתתۼ䣬ȵŵµͷȥˣܽ˲÷̣
Ҽɫѿ֪Ϊ֮ǰΧҵ£û˵ʲôӻ֣ˡͷʱȴ֪ʱѾˣȻڣҲӣѲȥˡ

絽ԺʱӴ¼²ξΪࡣ
ˡ¹ð֪˽
ʮһ
ޣΪ˸Ƶģûƴ䣬ˣȴõ沵⣬ֻÿЦ
Ǹ֪ǷѾȢ
ûС
￩һ£оԻҪõķչˡ
ǡ֮ˣ

һʱ֪¼²ξȴæĵʵ¹һŮ귽ˣƷº£Ǵ˲
ੲݣĿ࣬Ů˻ôģôһͶ˵׵ģвУҪӰ档
һЦΪ˲ǱҸʤһΪ֪ݣνǰ;ǧ뽭˽ΪӼˣһ׮¡
ȴƲƲ죺˰ǺãȴֻСŮʲ𡭡
ҴĻЩζ׷ʵôˣ
ˣ㲻֪ǰЩ꣬㶼̹մ˾˵ýŮ޸
꣬ȷʵиѾ˵ϢΪ⣬ͬ᯷˺顣
Ȼأ
˵ãҲ˼մ˵ӣ˵Լй֮ˣһڻؾˡתۼȥˣҲȢ˶أ˵ǲΪ˽Ȣ̸ʲôġ
ҴЦʲô֮ˣȫΪĥҵĽڣȢףж˸ŮˣҵΪв¶֮ʱոβã㶼̹ӱضܺùֲŭ죬ҰٰѡߣΪ˱Լǰ̴ȥҲó
һ氵Ц᯻ãһ¼²ξŮ֮ǰ첽Ժ

ٽʱڵпƷǩѺ
֪ƽǩѺĵطͨУʷͶʵ˫ؼְ𣬵ƷȴֻдӰƷԶ֪ݵĴƷԣܲԸ⣬ҵĶͷ˾ÿȥӦîһβźϺء
Žȥ㿴ᯡ
ΰѾʾһ칤Ľйʰؼңȴڰǰ飬ҽеĶ
ˣ
š
ջ񣿡
á
԰ɣӦջĶǡЦվ¼²ξǸ˵ýţ
һû뵽ϢȻ֮졣
ô˵ˣ
һƽӸµķʡ
ҼͷѻˣΣθɣ
ҺθɣܺãܺáսңѹϵҸ
Σ
Һ׵õͨеְλ»ɣôڲ
ҲãǾˡ
ЦͻȻ˹
ƿӹһȭᯣ㲻Ҫ̫
㿪ˣȻֻһ仰ͶסҵΡ
Ҫˣ
ҧԼֻô
ȴŲæЦþˡ
ں̬ҸеһĺҲ˿ϣջľᯣҸȥȥ˵ô
ˣûô˵
òǿ
˼Ҫɱɱҵ磬Ҫң㵱ͨУ㻹һҵİڲ
ҲҰһתš
߬ģҸԼȥôζˣֺαؾһأ
Ҳã߳Ҳã֧飬ҪЩҿôұԼˡ
ԱŹٷ˹ôƤæ˰죬ȴѲаᣬ´һᡣֻõͷ·Ȼķ꣬ôҪ졣
ͻȻ֮䣬һ˫ִӺḲסҵ֡
Ҷ̾
ҵĪĶһ£Ծش
ӹĵط
ҿ֣һ˫˵ָ֣޳ֻձʵĵطĥЩӣ˫ֻרעĶţһ㣬һ㣬ֻΪ˰ɪһŵɣҳ´һһû뵽Щ´ǲһ飬Ҫ⿪ôѡ
ˣֺο֮ĶԹأ
ᶼ⿪ʱһ˿
ɿ´ȻĻ
ұ㱻סˣоķһ㳯£
չͷǳǳš
˳ͷź󾱣򣬵Ｙ
ĶᣬвȴǴһֻεĸоͬĳط·˲һ㣬޷
岻ԾĽӲˡ
ұ۾ŬԼûµģܿͺˣȴĪĺţ·Ԥʾʲô޷Ƶı仯
ҲоֽӲͣ˶ҵ˫Ҳڲ֪ʱɿˡ
һ˵ȥɡ
۾ԵĻͷ
ʱ䲻ˣȥЪϢɡ
˵ţߵǰһţҵǰ
ġ
ҽŽɵļ򿪣Ȼּ
ȻΪʲôű£ȴô׵ĸңΪʲôһȦףĵļ˾ʲôУ
վŲȻϷʵЦˡ
ֻ뿴ǷЦ㲻˵ĵ˰ɣô˵ǹٸ˽ҲҪи޶ȡ
˺񶾣Լ⣬ھȻң˵Ҳֳϣ˵Ҳ֪ܡһѪӿǺǿˤžߡ
Լ䣬ȴ·̾Ϣ
عͷ͵ȥƣĳͷۿסϵı顣


 33 


ʮ
صóϸһһһѯҵϢԼȴἰ
Ұżȥķ飬ҲҲʲôѶϢΪɥǸӦĿһ£ֽܴŵ·īĲصȷҵЩõΣܱͷӬתҪá
ȻҸΣ˲죬ðȻһɣ᯵ڶ࣬Ŀε¼²ξ˵׵ô֪ˣֱæֻż㻹ûó᯾͵õˣʱ򣬱˵Ӫֻļ鶼ѿ
ҸԼСҴıȥһᵽġ
Ҳˣ£Ȼת
йٶǻ磬ְλȱ³ͻȻ͢þûԱϣ߰ѻɽԹص֮£ֻټݵλɺݴйһְ
ڰտйһ̴ְȨΪ⣬Ȼֻٳ˲֪ǸʮĿ¡Ͻڶ࣬þˣȴԣȥЩͻɻľ͸ˣôİӣӰӵİˣжӦõģһ˲иְԴ֮ݡλȻպܴȴûʲôˮ̲ˮûа취Т˾̲ƽ;ԼԸֺõĻ֮ǰǽ軨ʯٱһ֪֮λֻڻా
֪λ˿ɷݴйһְ
Աǻ࿴һۣͷ˵
Σֻÿʼַʡ
ˣ
¹ۻ軨ôసӣֻ¾
ˣ
Ǹ¹ҪĲظ
ܴˣ
ˣӦֵ߽ʯˣ¹أʵڡϾ˼
᯼һȦƵһɶۿҪ
ȴЦˣˣ㻹һûʡ
ҵ˼üͷͨУҪְæ
Ҵͨеְ𱾾Ͱþ֮£ۼ߶٣ôԹۣ
Աˣǣæƨ
ϵհ
ǰǰʵڽҵ
ۼ޿أֻûصɡ

˳˾ԺݴйһְⵣӹȻû󰸣˾ԺѶѻ˴ֻſڰͷˢʱŪͨﵩ
ϸԼ˼ʮҺȻ϶дš󲻹Щȴܶ࣬Եһ£ʮ౾ԽԽòԾˣ
˺һŽұְкηԸ
̧ͷһ
ô˾ξأ
˾ξѾȥˣǱְֵʲôԸô
ŷԭɫˣѻؼҡ
֪Щ
֪ǻٻƷġ
һץ˶ˣ
ٶ˰ɡ
Ҵһôôࣿ
֪̾ԴӵʥӦʯһһĸռһľһʯһһݿɹ͵ģӦֵЩپͻ˴ȥûƷһǹƷձʱа𻵣Ҫɸ󲻹߷ΡʱĻľߴ󣬰㣬ľͰǼҵǽڲˣҲû˸ҹܡЩٸǳ˻թЩʯ˼ңǮͲ𷿻ǽֱֵ˼ҵŮѡ
üͷϸڣ״ȻЩС¡
Щﲻ˰ɡ
ȴЦɽ¹ģƻƷһȣ뷨졣
ЦΣĳ˵Ļʲôʱ򾹱ʥնˣ
꣬Ҿ
ˣҴǧллˡ
˵ϣȴЩ˵Ȼ֪ҳйٵĳԲҪΪЩʲôֻΪ˷̽ѶϢ

ڶգն࣬ͷʯǣˣ˾ξһԸżһ˵һ˵ȫȻᣬ֮ȥ˳᯸ȥˡ
Ȼ뽭᯲ͻȻ
ͳȴŲɡ
Ϲ
вȣ޷
뿪õʱʱɫȴѾ͸ֵûˣҲֻоƼＸɵĵΪ
ҳŽ᯵Ĺۡȥ˫ȴͬǦһ㣬߲·
ϴνӹһ٣οûôˡö˶˳ʲôأԼ鶼ûܺãҪʲôϵҪҲˡ
ţԶԶģͻȻǰһǰȥֻ·ԾƹݵſмŸƿȭߣҿۣǰȥֹס֣УͲô
ǼϳϵĹٷ֪ﲻ𣬻æϢŭԵİʳˣƷ£
ԭ⼸ǵľƱ
ǾôˣŪô죿
Ǯ
ҼΪѣּǸſڵϵľƿͣԼǵΣһʱЩ㿪ڵɡ
ƱˣƲƲ죬Ҳ˵ʲôǮˡ
Ұ˷ҡ࣬ԭòҪʲôȴһƿңָǼƱıӰЦУ˴ֻֻͷݺݻһȭͷ
Ҽ˾ֱֹɣŵϳľüͷԸ룺Ҳʿɶֹһ㡣
ע⵽ңҡҡλεĻͷңģЦֹסˡ
ſڣƺҪ˵ʲôȴֱͣȻˣ壬޵Сӡ
ĿɿڴĿһʱ䲻֪ôοֻļ

Ϊ鵢飬Ǳߵʱҹɫ
һѾͷſڣ˸æ·˵ڷ
Ҹ߽ȥúܿ죬ص˵ſڶʲô˼Ϊ˷̫ʲô
߽䣬ԣűյ¾õ¯ߡ
˰ڶ£ôô
ҲС·һͽ
ͷȻû׷ʣֽƽʳ
Զɡ
ƿһԲЩ֣ö˶˳ʲôҳԣұ㲻ƴǣʹǴҩΣǽ᯵ĵؽ磬Ҫ٣Ӳ㲻
ҨһԲСҧźң壬ˣҪˣվ¥ζ֮¥ʦǲҲ֪Ǯôһӡ
᯼ҿԣԼȴ꣬Ծ˱յá
ÿɺãʡ
ҿһֻۣصǰԲϣ
һڹסʳʲôɶϰߣ
Цʲô꺮ůôվҾ¹һжãɴ˴
ɫȥȴûзֻ֪ȥҵĶ
Ĭţֹǿˣ߽̫ƽ
Ŷ
ɽĲݿֵܺúףٱҽˡ
ô
֪ͳ꣬͢ǰǰٹٶѹΣϤչУȵðûƣΪܡ
Щӣ͢Ҫˡ
š
һûһ˵Ż࣬ȴƫƫҷߵˡ
¾Сȴʲô鶼ûзƵģղҵԼĳײҲ
ԽôУԽαװϲŭɫ˭֪ͻȻʹʲôɱ
ԲһԵƽɵĳ꣬²⺢ӾȻֳࡣ
ҿ㳯ЦˣƺĵΪطеˡ
ˣҹѾˣɡ
᯵ͷֿң˵أҵ
ҿЦŵͷѵԼ˵Ȩô
ƽҴӦЦˣȺúϢٸ㿴д֣˵ţϲĶˡ
ڣֻʣҺͽˡ
ңãȻˡ
ﾹȻϧ
ͻȻЦ˴ʲô⣬µף
ˣ˶Ѿˣ̬ˣֱ̯ͬƣҪô㾡˵ˡ
ȴֻǿңұô
ҺͻȻʲôһ£
Ϥǰ㳣Ϻ˵ıȡͬ飬ÿμҲ᲻ȥֻһĺ˾ڱݣļƣѵ˵Ȧ׵ģ
һָ򶨣ͬⴧͼϷվûⷬˣˡ¹иˡ˵ţתߡ
ҲŰѷ֣žһžͱһְֻˡ
ҸһͷŨܵǾѹϢĿ־УҲʼĿҧһΪĽǾǵڴϣ֪ʲôʱ·Ѿң˫ȱֿȵＷ˽ʹᴩ塣
ΪʲôҪңΪʲô
һʣץҵļ򣬼
üͷЦҧĶҡΡ
ڳ٣ͷȴԽ
ҪᣬҲҪǰϷֻʹܹҳĴڣѡⳡֱӵ̷ΪԼҪԻ󣬲ҪҡϷ⣬ҪǣȦס

ʱ뽭Ⱥ뿪ֱۡһû÷顣
Ұ಻סƽ
Цûµģٶ˴Ҫߵġ
ô֪
ЦԽģ㲻֪ɣҿǽˣɶҶϰ֡
ԭ᯾˸ְλ
ĹȻĳֻ࣬һҲҲ޹ֺ˵ٳСһ˵õȮ족ˡ
ʵ콭ģ˵ҲЩ˻ؼԲˣɻûüͰǷˡ
ļٵģҰŰɣô粻ţƫƫ죿
ƽңˣѵ㲻֪ǶԲӰ

 34 


ʮ
ܿ㵽󺮡
ӣҳʱΣ᯵ԲǸ˵ݵȻұԼ
Ҳ룬˭˭룬µĳ˾ȻʵĽʲôԲʲôԲڼû˵ҲѰͬ˭ȥԲ
ڷĴˣʱڲ֪оˡ
죬ֱ߳ŲԼˮδ
߽ȥķݣԼĽѾˡҪתȴкңߡ
Ҳ⣬ʼϸˡ
˵һ࣬˿˾øУôǰ˱ˡòֻܳƵ㣬ҲأȻʲôط˾ϲҲ²䣬ʮʮʮΪòȥᣬȴЩɣЦʱôϿңһ
Ҵδˣֻһ㲻ǣȴʶһ£ƳԲˡ
лл㡣
ԽĪЦˣҾǸ֮ˡ

Գǵ֮ˣӡеȷôһֻʱʵַۣžƷ裬ǰˡ
˵շȻմžˮдԼ֡
ʮ
Ҳûһھ
˭ҵĸĸȡ֣ò˻ˡ
ұЦҪЦЦɣϰˡСʱȡô֡ǰϲȴûֺãֺüǣֱ¡
Ȼʮһкֵܶܽˣ
Цͬǲֻ࣬һͬĸ츸Ľ㣬ǸطǸգϲǱңԣҪ»ֹʮ
ˣ
Ϫ
ŶҶʱ˵ȤϪݾڵСأشƫԶշɵطûȥȴʮϤΪ˴ʢʯҵʱȥɰ졣
ҲЩȻ
ȻһƱǰ
Ⱦưɡ˵һǧ
ҵͷţȾơ
Ǿٱ
ƹѮ㲻ôн
֮ǰ
֮Ͱˡ
ݶһҪлǡ
ҿ˵ôأƴǣתһ룬ȿӦбͰ뿪Цʣ㵹˵˵׼ô𰡣
ңĳĸ
ۡ
ҲСһھһظһæ֣ȿȣܲܲ𡣡
ЦƴǰҿȱӣҰɡ
һشͿʼоԼĺô㿴˻ϴ£īʶ֣Ҫǣܴ֪ʲôʱӦñ죬ʲôʱӦ˵Цơ
ҵͷô˵ȷлı¡
۷Ź⣺ǰǰ
Ҳȱӡ
԰԰
ǲҪأ
ЦֻٱƱһ٣˯ȥˡ
ҼЦˣĪ˺ˣҴӦˡ
ºžԭüӣ˵꽭᯵ı顣

һԼȳ׷ұһȤӡ
緽ʮԼ˵ϴ£īʶ֣Ҫǣܴ֪ʲôʱӦñ죬ʲôʱӦ˵Цơ⣬и£Ǿǿ¡պܺãģͨ棬֣µٶҲ죬ûñŪһ
ʮôãô
⣿ȾƵء
˵ԼܺƵģɵĴ˾ƹݾԭα¶ˣʮ౭ˣֽУֿЦƷ֮亱ҲֲջᱻƱʹŹ
ͻȻպʶΣʣʮΪʲôҪޣ
Ĭˣκ󿪿ڣҰһˡ
˭
ȴٻش

ӵ£᯲ûзѣҲΪÿʱʮĶȥֻΪЩӽԼҲԹ˲Ͼ
ԴʥӦԻʯĿһһһǴﵽǰδеġͬʱӦֵȨҲԽԽٲȻһС͢
ۿϾҪ꣬պӦΪ˳ﱸһĹƷȻæͷѹֻһĶ컨ʯˣΨֵ˽ޡ
æòɿȴҵ˼
ҳû齻鿴
ɿʲôŵˣ
šֽǺֽʵشϸܡңƲѩϸīҲǺī㿴īɫŨڣдʱбʵֽϸּ֮УԼЩۣӦī¡
˵ʲôأ
˵ҪҵӦüסĳ˼֮Уˣôõֽīдã
ҵͷʣ֪Ĵ˼ң
ЩѣͲ˵ˣ㿴ּβƽɼд֮ľƽͣδҪЮȻδҪЮ˹Ϊݸ߹٣ҪѰȴ֪ɼѾݳˡ
ʲôô
Цûˣϧֻܹ⣬ܶһЩżС˻ܶ࿴Щŵ
֪˵òһʲôʱ˭Ҳ˵塣ˣҲѱЩ޹ʹĶ
ҪŪõֻ취ͷŹȥڻ͸¶ѶϢ
Ȼ᯲ɵӣô᲻֪Ҵʲô˼
ҪӦ飬ֻûôס

Ժ󣬺ܿ͵ꡣ
ڽ᯻ΪʯæµұУͬʮһ˸ꡣȻһûطԲҲˣʮҲûлȥЩⲻȥ
ʵ㲻ҡ
Цô֪ҲԼأ
ȥĸɡ
ҵҺСʱ͵˺ˣǵӶǵˡ
ôôģ
ǽһְġ
ȻˣΪʲôȥ㣿
ȥͲˡ
Ҽ䣬֪ΰοֻתƻ⡣
㻹ô
ֻʣһˣǸĺӣҺܺãȴҼ
Ϊʲô
ҡ
˵ţ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ʣ˼ʲôǲܻģ
̾㲻׵ġ
ԭ˵ҲʹأֲҪȳˡͬһ϶ֻʣһˣͬǣҼȴš
˺ˣ˵ôĵ飬Ⱦưɡ
ţȾơ
ȻȰȾƣȴ飬Ҫý᯴Ӧдŵ飬ȴ֪֡
ʮ㣬һˣӦô
ͶðɣϲŮŮϲǮƱǮơ
ϧ˼ȲɫҲ̰ơ
ô˵Ǹӣ
ҴЦˣǸ޳ܼ֮ͽ֮Բɫ̰ƣΪñӰٱ
ˣ

ȴ
ǡ
ʲô
ʵЩˡ
ȷÿ˶ЩԸ˵ĶЦʵ˵ϲʲôδ˿ȥйڣУֻºѿ塣׽֮ˣʱɣԼδ˵׽֮ѵô

ʮҪ׽֮ˣұƽ⺢ĹΧڽߴתӦʮΡ
ƽ֪֪Ҵϲʲô
ô˵бϲˣҪΪ٣
һ㶣ҪʣȻٹºǽ᯵ٳˣҲգڷƽɣô˳ˮۺˡ
ҪҴһϲӦô
ǻ򵥣Ц죬¶ͺˣ˼㣬һǳˡ
⺢Ҳ֪᯹ʲôԻߴôãۼ᯵ӼȴΪǹϵܺãûлˡ
Ȼϸ룬˵ҲȫȻû塣
ᯱҶΪ٣֮£ɿڡ
ȻԽнΪʲôأ

һα㵽£᯵ٳˡ
֪Ƿɺϣ⼸죬ʯ龹Ҳ˲СĽչ
ǰЩڽڳһ̫ʯʯͷںأǸʯȴɣͨ͸תչ֮ƣܿɹǣʯͨɫģΪǡ临ͣȻһѡ
һ鱦Ҫȥֻ²ӹٽҲѡ
Ҳ˳˳ˮ᯵ҲЩЦա
֪ʧʱҪӦдŵֻгˡǣٳգǩѺò̽Ŀڷ磬ʲôš
ƽǺЩȥȴ˵ԭ򡣡
Ҳ˵ȴȻعۡѾ׼ۡ
᯿Ҳ˵Ŀ㡭
û˵꣬Ȼˣˣײ
ʲôŻŵģ
̫ʯ̫ʯ˼ææص̫ʯײϷ
һͱɫæ˳ȥҸ֮ţҲܿϵſڡ
ֻ̫ʯľ޽ײ˳ڵķţڵ£˲ãվǧ۷ԼΧ۵İգ֮ڶ
ƹĹԱô£
ˣ̫ʯھ޴µĸ߶ȴޣײˡ
ǻ֪Ʒ޻ʣ¶ô
ǡݳƵڶ࣬ΧբţأҪ˳˺Ҳء
ûʲô취ˣ
¹֮ҴҪ˳ݣֻһ취
ʲô
ǣ
˫ü˼Ƭ̣Ǻãôɡ
Ҳ˼Ŀ˾ʵ֪ζʲô
ݳˮ·ûЩγУ
֮¾͸ˣӵբžݳΧٹЩʱҪģһ俪˺ô죿
תͷˮ٣ֻı鸴ӣȴֹٿԱҲˣǽͷӶСۣǱǶԲǵľɣȴûһ˸վԡֻټԼķӱɣʮֵ⡣
ȥ䡪ۿ˾Ҫļ٣æȵš
ֹƳһۣ¶ɫ
ôˣ
ˣҪǣܸˮԱɣ
ˮʲô˵
ˮٱһƣû˰취ֻǰͷˣҲ˵֮ȷʵдȶ
ô
Ҫ֪բйҪ俪һϺԣ롣
᯽üͷô˵⣬ʲô취ܰʯ
¹֮Դ½·
½·Цһ֪½·Ҫã
Ļһ°ɡ
֪֪Ӧָҵֻһ£黨ʯ޷ʱ͵ǣ͢Ӧ˭
ˮԱʱ£Ҳû죬˵ҲΣ
бȺûֵļһ˹Ʒ˼ӹٽ֪ʲôô
һ취վ˳
᯵ɫ΢䣺㣿

ҿ۾ȴ
뽭˸¹䱸۷򣬿·ƿ͵ߣɴ·ʯ˵բ⣬װϸһȲòǣҲֱ½·ҪöࡣȻ·ҪЩ򣬵ֻҪҹ̣Ӧÿڵ
ⷨʱȴܱϺˮֳĺá
ˣҲֻðһˡ
λ˲ģԵ¾״Ҫǰ޷ϵһкһ˳е
ĹԱʼͷӶƺǷС
ȴû˵üͷãȻЦˡ
Ц棬ų
ûмǴ˲ǸӰƷСٰɣµľʲôʱֵָֻţ
㡪
ұҭ˵
ȥ۷ǲԹôˣ
᯴꣬ת뿪
߬ȭͷȥȴסֻŭ
ᯣͲݺˮôѵʮû;Ҫô
ζ˶٣վʲôҲûлش𣬱ﳤȥ


 35 


ʮ
ҹʱ֣ͨۡĵ·ʼ÷æݵİƽＫټ־Щ죬ǲ֪·֮Ա֣ΪۡнҪн᯵ۡ
֮ǰĴ㣬ҲӦףٵ˳֮УȻȴµ·
᯵ҲˣҲˣ㶯֣ȴ޷ıľˣȻԹƷѹˣֻĿЩ۷俪բš
޾ŭʹһ߬ȭͷͷҴҸ·ѹŰ޴йҪš
ڿҪСʱͻȻ䣬ʲôٱ۶ȴѸ٣Ԥס
һʲôûп壬̶˻ͷ
㱼̧ͷӡģǽ˶㣬˾޴󣬸߸ߵؾҵͶһƬ޴Ӱһǧ󴸡
ǸɲǣסˣȻ벻Ҫ
ۿǧѹҪͷ£Ȼ䣬Ҹеһ˱סң˿֮Զ
һ̣£ص졣
Ǹ˱ңƺ˵ʲôȴδʲôʲô˵ȥǡûзӦ㼱ˣҵա
ұôһػ꣬ȴģʹ
ʣ㻹ðɣ
ҳٻĵ˵ͷ
֪˭ô
̧ͷ˺ðϳ
򡭡
һ˵ͷ

ƼңʲôҲûججظȥˡ
ȰɣݸһƵѹѹ
Ҿٱ£󴾺ĸ¶ƢθůůģҲࡣ
̧ͷϸǰˡһμȥ·ݵʱʥϵ͵ǵʦʦУλĿû뵽תۼ侹ѹȥһˡ
ҿð죬ŵĸ֣ò
Ҳͷò
ȥͲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ǰˣͬռң˵ҵ췭ظ֧飬Զ޷ԭ¡ȻҲ˰æ壬ղڱ¾ңӦлȻôлóڣ
գһѡ˳ĬһһĬĬغžơ
Ҳ˵ռΪΡ
źţͻȻֻ֣ƣԼоǿյġұûһôȣ
ɫһ˲ЩȴָܿƽЦҲȾơ
£
ӦЩ
ȥģһĬ
ΣҸڸǻؼңͻȻˡ
˵һˣô
һ뵽飬Ϊ̽ģװĴ𣺡򵥣
ô
Ÿʾ͵ˣ
꣬ЦˣȻֻһ˲
ϧҲͷٸ
ϰҰ
ҹ⼸Ĵԭܱˣȴʼղ˵Ӱ١
᲻˰ץˣʲôط
ܣռߣڽϺպ˭Ҳֺ
ǻ᲻ʲôˣ
⣬ϵ˲һ֪
һ趼񶨣ĸꡣҺθɣڶ࣬ʲôҲģʲô취ڵҲҪҵ˹ܶˣ
ԣƺ뵽ʲôģȻҲ˵
û뵽Լһ仰ôĹЧЩСĵʣ㻹ðɣ
š
Ӧܵ˼Ĵٳ޷ҴδģЩžҵ޷ڵлҲӦЩʲôŶԣЩǸĿڣҪҵʲôˣҲҿ԰Щæ
𣺡Ǽʦ
⣬ʲô˵ˡ

˵Ҳûа취ڣǸǣϻعᡣ
ʮôͻЩȣΪϽ᯸ڸȥˡ
ҾͰѽ췢ԭԭظ
꣬˼ʯ٣ǻʯ١
ļϪʢʯҲΪʯۡ
ʮϾû˵ʲôֻҵļ򣬵Ҫȥˣ˾Ϣɡ
ȥɣһЩҪд
ôˣʲôҪô
᯵ࡣ
һҪ

ͨһְΪӰƷȴӵֱʥϱȨһֱҶûлѽĲרȴøһѱ
ʱΣʱ
ֽīʮȴסҵ֡
ûûв͸ǽϢС©˳ȥʱô죿ָô죿
ֹͣ˶
ȷ᯵ս׳ðա
Ȼһǳ֡
Ҵδʮ˵ڽУô֪ģ
ҺɵؿЦʲôֵģҺͬͬסôã֪ǲŽء
ҽŽɡ
ʮңڲǲЩשͷûʲô¡
֮ԱǣѵҪˮô
ʱķ᯲û
صЦһ㶼Ц
ʵԼҲףǰ˵Ƶתˮ·ܰʱﶫȻãʧܣ׷˭ΣԸһеȴѱ˲ǣǵ
ŭˣʮ㵽վıߵģ
ס˿ڡ

ԺһգҶʮûкɫʵҲ˵ԼֻǨŭãΪڣҪ֪ˣҴһʼӦöЩŶԡ
ȥ㵽£᯲˶޲ˮբʹҳʧȥѵĿʵͬʱ꿪ʼƵĹˡ
ʱڣȳ룬¶ҷһжôϲˣȻȴϢɽĲݿ췴ˡ
ϢҲûбֳ̫ľ棬ЩݿռɽΪѾãͲѹٸ췴ƺǳ顣
ΰǩѺӦî׼ؼң顣
֪ôմϢ˵ɽǰﷴѾʼˡ
ͬҴȴӦò̲
ô
͢ҪҪ˰ɡ
š
Ӧţȴǲŵġǰɽû췴ʱϢ˵͢ҪȴٳٲΪ͢ɵж󲿷ֱڱ߾Եʡ
ţȻ䣬һưôˡ
ңɡô
û
Ĭˣֹ˺һųǾһȥɡ
ﲻԸ⣬ƣһʱƺûͣЪӣֻܸŽ˳ȥ߳ȥŷԼľжô޴
ܴɡȴҪˮ͸ֻм伷
һСģұȣͨﴫݵϡ
Īһ鴤һ̱ͬƵѸԶ롣
תͷѾվɡң̾ɡ˹
Űɡ
ȴûнӣˮϣģߡ
ʱһϤˣҸɡˡ
һͷʮִɡҸ»һѡƽʱͬƤЦˡ쵹ǺڣҲ֪Ϊ֮ǰǸǴڽǰϷ
ЦذɡݸңȻԼǰѣˣ߰ɡ
ҵͷӹɡӣʼգûлͷȥϵı顣

ʮ˸ӵ鳹ع⣬Խ᯵Ϊ˱ضȥʸȻû죬ʰȥɫʣǸӣ

յģ
š
ˣ
Ϫ
Ϫü˼֣ʲôʱյˣôҲ֪һ
ˣ˻ҪôЦˣ¹ΪȼëƤСֺݣ
ܲѸٱƽ
һۿҪ٣֣ȴҵӣŬŭסƵġ
ָ֣յͲܺúͬ˵ôΪʲôÿζҪҷ𣿡
ı鼫棬ЩҿˣȴֻЦ
˵Ӧ˵
һ˵˵
Ŀȥ˰Σתͷʲôûзһ
ǸӣһҪ㣬ϣʵش𡣡
ʲô£
Ⱦô
̲סЦȾƣ¾ûоƹˡ
ô
ˣüͷչһЩǾͺá

ǺˣȴͿˡ
˺ö˶˰ҽйȥѵΪʷʮȲȾƣʲôϵ
ȥһƽһʾ
ģǰЩɽݿ췴ΪطûӦ͢ϴܽ磬׵ľĦ̡ʮǰĦ̲ⱵʱϪĴӪԽ˲Ŷ˱ע⡣ӺȲȾƣҪȷ˵ݣĦͽǽƵģԡ
ȴƽĻ͢ȻϴĦ̣һģôûп
ЩΪѵĵǽ㿴ġ
ҴΪ𣺡ô
㲻ҪΪã
֮Աǣｭ᯻ʲôǲΪҺõģ
ƽģ㣬Ϊ֪ľĦͽ֪ϴΪѡ
дҷȥ
ʲô˵ԻİѹĲȻǴΪҺõţǲǻҪҡβͿͷлУ

صᣬҽʮ
һЩ飬ǹϪģ㡣
ʲô£
ϪĦ̵ĴӪ
Ƕʮǰˣڻʵ۰䲼˽Ħ̾ʹڵ伣
֪Ħ̵Ľô
֪˵ǽͽƣҲʳȣһΣҪȥһָ
Ħ̳ԲħĹ֪ģֻû뵽ԭƽĳͷأ˲զࣺڷʵϸô
ʮͷָģҪ֮ܵĳͷ
ۡʣĪĲһ£ԼСʱ򣬱˰ܵΡ
һֱЩ˺֣ǲҪȴֻǸ˵Ҫҵҵģѵ˵ЩҲĦйôǸŮҲĦͽΪʲôҳأ
ǸŮӣҺܿע⵽һ飺ȻĦ̽ͽΪĶӼпҲýңҴδȾƣĪǣǡ
ҴԼ˼
ʮôЩô
ע۾ͼпһЩߡ
Ц¶׵ݣһСϪȻҲ֪ġ

ҵȻʮϪסȴзӿͨԭίǾȥڵļܸʷϡ
ȥӣҹޣһ˼ϣЩջ
ݸ׼أĦֳ̣Դڲ˹ʱʮС꣬һ˶ŮϪʽıԳơļѻʵۡʷԸŮʽûоȴԲħпܱǵʱմĦ̡ŮӺͽ״ңʷڼԣٿҰʷţ˵Ǳڡٴ̿νĿġ֪ǷΪԵʣ˺ĦŮӵΣڳ֮ΪʥŮ
Ħڲ֯ܣϸʮ֮ǰ˵ĽһΥҪܵͷĦҲ̣סָȣصĳͷ̣֮ʩõĶȴֻ֡
һͽ
ɱͽˡ
ۡʥŮˡ
Ħ̵Ľ̹棬ʥŮһִ֮˭ۣͱ븶ۡ
ֻǺ֣ץסҵЩ˹ĦͽΪʲôҪһСĺʹ̵ֶΣŪôʲô
벻ֻú£ܸ߳⡣

£÷ࡣ
ҺͽǩѺ칫ƽȻŻŵˣˣպӦֵ˵ˣѾڳˣ
ĸˣ
˭˰
ԣҲ߶ʮһæЯڹԱǰȥӭӡ
Ҹں棬̧ͷ㿴ȺӵеҡԲЦԲ޺ôһˣƹպӦ֣̫ʦ̾ƾٶ챦ʥϳңϲʷض£֮ƵǡС͢
ֻǣôһôͻȻݣ
͵ۿᯣЦòãҲһǻɡȻҲ˵˭ҿѯʣ
ϣ˵Ĵӵ¸ϸӷ硣
Ȼǽӷ磬ȻҪȥݵķ֮
ǣϯ䣬Ƽȣϸ裬ò⡣
ϴȥ̫ͬʦǣЦҪȥˡҲԣ˲֪ļŮӼСȷˮˣԲ̹ϷҪˡ
˵ЦˣҲæЦˣЩƽװģĹԱǻȿֺ˵Ц֣ġ
Թۣ֮Աǡ
֪ô˵
ͻȻƳᯡ
㶣Ц¹д˼ʶ㲩֪ļҲ˵ˡ
˵ǫ飬ȴ֪ʵ
ôλأ
Ȼҡ
¹ͨС
ͨпʲôۣ
ĵЦȤ˵Цкѣſڱ
ұһɡ˵Աѩʫ˴󷢣ԡѩΪ⣬ʫ䡣֪䣺ѩ׷ء֪ӣǻʼѲηⶳ÷ؤˣ̽ͷȥĹƨ
ҵĻ䣬·ԱɫͱˡЦȻȤȴָɣЦȴֲЦһʱЩΡ
ҲЦˣңҪ˵ЩʲôʱͻȻ˿ڡ
Ҳ׸ɡôһЦ˵ȺͽΪſʦ죬˺ȵȻڳһ顮ͬ㡯˾Ɱһſŷλɺ̫үʣ̫үһ˱󾪵̫汮ҲæƳšҹ̫үμһλǰлǺˣԻǰ̫棬ſΪ򸾣ʶƣžƹһ࡭
ҡꡱһӴЦҲǰϡ
ǲһ˰
ǰǰ
Цڷصͬѻȵȶ򷢳С
ЦУֻ˾š
һңһǽᯡ

һա
ڼ䣬᯽Ժֵг̰ŵʮָˣΪ⣬ǰԼеĿĹ֮ڡ
֮ǰ͵̫ʯѾ˳־ʥϼʮָˣֱοصɱٹ㵽ôڿȻΪ

ܵҵĿ佱˵£˵һˣ˵պӦ֣ʱƽơɻڴˡȻ֪ΪʲôЩ᯵ȴ̫ĸˡ
ԽԽʱŪЩʲôŪΪʲôὲǸЦ
ҲҲ˵ĶȻΪʲôΪʲôƫҪǸƻصĹȵ׸Ц
ǶޱȲҲޱȲпļһֱҲԸⴥĶȴ׽𣬱ɹһЦŤǰҸеͬ˲ӬһĶġ
ʲô
վûʳڣҲö֪
ֻǿЦ뿪ת¶ƣı顣

 36 


ʮ
÷̣ܶһСģˡ쳣죬̫ݳǱƿ¯ֱҹӭ⡣
ҴųʱѾϡˣȴһЩڽͷ̸ཻʮ֣æһ죬ȴЩˣѡһľСؼҡ
Сźˮѣһֱͨˮţڵ̰ˣϸϸɳȥ«έкС档
ҿǣĪķ˽Ų
ܾúܾǰҲˣ˿Σڽϳ˲Сԣִһطںӵϣ췱ǡ
Ǹϣǵ㣬΢档ڰ«έУө΢Ĺâǳ뷲һˮյĵӰӳȤ
һȻ˳嶯ԼѣԼҪӡǣĪߣȳɣˣͯˡһվںӱߣЦţӵԡʣӽ顣
ޱɬҸԼҪˣֻʹʹĵطԽʹȴͣ½ŲЩǵĺӡ
ΪʲôҪأ
ΪʲôҪء
￴ã׼뿪ʱһ壬㡣
Щܳӹһ«έСӣװżֻС档
͸ң
ǰ㿴ôãһҪɣ
ҿЦлл
û¡Цܿˡ
ջһص˹ᡣ
ûеƣʮ֪ȥˣƣƿţҪȼӣе«έӣ׼өų棬߽ӱߣͻȻ䣬иӰվţ˭
ҡ
ֻ˵һұϳǽ᯵
ʲô
ֻ㡣
Цʲôÿģ
ðû˵
Ҫ뿪ˡ
һ٣漴ּĵô
ĺˣô˳˳ˮô뿪
һ̣ץסˡ
һֱɿˣ«έڵϣ΢졣
ûбĻ˵ô
ץҵô·ʱضԽšϡ־ʹںڰĴ߻ԽͣҲҳҲֻһվţţֱһɫĹ㣬ӽű
ǴӫС档
˸΢Ĺâڿз裬ǻȥ
ҵĿⲻ֪ϣͷЩɫĹ޹פڷ֮ϣһСʱںӵϿ췱ǵ㡣
ǳǻƶڲ֪б任ģʵһֺγˣתۼ䣬˷ǡ
Щֻ£ۼ࣬·ǳ֣⣬һִص˺ܾǰǸҹ
ǵ㣬΢档
иվںӱߡ
ϵ֪ʧȡ֮ģʪĴУϸܶ촽ϡ
ҵǵССĵüʹ
ûзûһжƽȻ˲˼顣
Ҫ뿪ˣʱҶ˵ҰݵȥպӦ֣Ҫ²ܻ
ô
ѵûбĻҪ˵ô̲סһηʡ
ֻ̧ͷظǾͷɡ
꣬кһû˵ȻЦˡ
ұ֪
Գ

ʵҲ֪᯾Ĵ󷢾ʹ˷ȻΪȴҸдһţ˵ʱСġ
д˷飬޹ʹֻ˵һжãҪģŸһͷʹ֢ҩ᯽ӹҩܳȴʮϸ
ء̫ϹȡȱѨٷѨסͷά縮ʹȡءѨ飬֪ĸΡʵ
˼Ҳ⣬ΪǴǰҵǸݻؾءβ˵ķӡ
Ȼ׻ǵõǸӣضῴҹȥˡ顱֪ĸΡ ʡζǰʾһߣҪ͸¶ЩصѶϢ÷ҽӦӡ
ȻҲ֪￴аļж󣬵ѵãҪһԡ

ûã뿪ݣԺϽڵʱҴ
£ʱĸµբɹ깤
ͬʱݳǵĿҲʼˡ
ͣ˶һϴȥ䳾ҪӦڴƵģܿ죬￪ʼ硣
һʼҶܸˣȻԽԽǿܿ죬˽ֵСǵñӣֽĴƮѩһƬ
Ŀ⾰ĪģҵȥʱյֽǮֲõԤС
ҹ˯ͻȻ䱻¡ѣæ·
ƿҿЩϺɫâ׵£̫̫㤣Ҳ̫յĿӣȴݵĽֵϡ
Ҵδ쳣ľ󣬲һľȻɲľûͣЪһ˽Ǿ޴ͬǧͰ㵹ˮ
ôƣʮ꺱
ˮܿͻˮ鷳ˡ
ҽʮͬҳȥ
£ں˳ȥ
Ҹϵţټ֣ŻųǽѲ飬꼱´ɡûþʹͷʪ˽š
ҵͷȥˮȻѾˣɳҹɫкѹѹһƬ
ˮˮ
ûãˮԱ˹¹ڡ
ô
á̫ͣˮǣôȥ̰ܿΪֻ֮йբ
˼ף̰ƽբųˮǣرպ󣬱ǵݺˮͨ˵ˮ֧
ҵͷãôɡ

ˮٵ̡
վڳǽϣԶԶĿָϸբſڡ
ƶ޴ḥ̂բţ졣
ӿǵˮƹȻСȻբȴԽң֪֮һ㣬Ϊ̰еƻ𣬶
ڵˮײբϣɷĭԵˮۣͬʱǽĺ
Ҳƺںˮ˵ǰ̰ʱضпܱٱطʱձ俪ºȻ޿ɣ⹤̲Ÿ깤ã뵽ҵĺһƬ
£̰ˮָŴּӹ̣۷һװĲݴǽµӴբˮ
ȻͻȻ䣬ǿʼسٶȺܿ죬ѵĹںҹԾӳһܵŤӰƺڽкȴˮĺס
ϵ˲˵˶ϢȥǺ
ڣ˱Ǹ
졪ܡ
һֻ̣áأһ죬բĳǽļĺˮһˮͨʱ̶ХУǽϵש鲻ϵıѸ͵ĺˮߣܿǽ̱ȥȥôɣͬһѵµשȴ춯ص졣
¡
ضһͬʱҲе˽µ𶯡
ǽϵĵƻϺˮ֮УŵҲѸٱ꼰ǻͱļˮɣǰȥеĻɲǼϨˣһʣһ׹ڰ֮С
ұǰľ󾪴ˡ
Ũܵҹɫ޾Ŀ־壬ҽס˼ȴֺܿԼְ
ȥճţ죡
ǣ
΢һЩִԱȫӣשӹ̳ǽ̰
ȫǣ涼ѣ
͢漱
˻ر˵סһЩڿССĴһЩԱæĲϵˮҲ֪Ǻ
ȻǳΣûйȥǸոտʼ
ˮһζǣٶ˼ӹ̳ǽҲֲˮʱֻܴբйСȻһй飬˲仯Ϊ࣬ھղ̶̼£ûغʳпģ
ʱݴҲԶˡ
Ȼҧأ̧ͷգүһ⣬ֻıܹͦһˡ

ʱСһЩ
Эļӹ£ݳǵĳǽڱסˡ
ȻȴѾڵƵݴۼûֵأɳֳǵɫݳǵĶϽۿѳΪһƬ
ҺΪйٸҹѾӵ˽ϣһЩᵽ洬ϣЩʵڲֻܵþټ˷
ҳҹδߣ۾ųǽѲ飬ȱİա
ţͻȻ䣬ֻáꡱһ죬ԭĳӵķſĺͯˮУ˲ͱûˡ
ͯĸ׷˺ѷεĿ޺
Ⱦ˭Ⱦ
ҼǺˮг֪ˮԣæ˹ȥӪȡɻûϵѾۿųȥ
ʱͻȻˮȥ
˵ˮغܺã˳ˮܿ㵽˺ӳȥĵطһȥʱѾιסĲӡ
æȡȦȥιץסںϡЭϸߵء
߽ǼΪ֮˿Ｘ䣬ȴסˡ

ͷĨȥཬ¶ԭ

Ҵڳǽϵ¥˸˼·滻
ղŶˡ
֮Ͱˡ
ȥһεĳĬһϴʱ
ҵʦô
û
˵ţ㱳ƺԸٴˡ
ʪ͸˵ʸɣͷʪڱϣԼļιʲôͼһȥǸᡱ֡
ҺȻܾǰǳԪڣҵһҵʱΪϵΪڿֻйء
мһֱ㡣
ʲô
ΪʲôҪȫң
νһ£صʲôΪЩҲô
˵ѡ
Ҵ
ĿֻڼҲȫûбҪҵΪʱʵѾѼҲ㣬ǵݾ֤ϧҵһֱ޷͸㣬ԼθʱҪݵαٸ˵ҲţΪһ
ĬƬ̣ϵݵȷġ
ΪʲôһҪҵ
ɫȻʮѿΪʲôΪʲô΢΢ţΪ˱𣡡
Ϊʦĳˣ
Ҳҵĳˣҧ⣬һֵĵ
סˣô£
ﱻƭȴʼѻ޶գծѵֻô
ˣȻҺַܿһ顣
˵ҵǡôǡҵġ
ҵĻ˭Ҫ
Ȼ˭ôܲҪ
㶵һжܽͨˣΪˣıϲСᡱֵӡҵŻԪϣӣΣҲݽУΪĸ׸ɱҵǡôǾǡ߱
һȣмʮΡ
ʲôʱȥģ
Ҿꡣ
꣬꣬Ҳ꣬ǱЩ˽ٳֵꡣΪҵ޶գô᲻Ǩŭ
ȻȴңңڿԾƾ硣
ɣô
ЦˣĦ̵ġ
ĦʲôסĶô
ʵûˣֻ˵Թ˯㳪һ֧衣˵ţ㳪Ϊ俰¡ȥ
ǸʱȻҵҲ֪ҵĴڣı̹Ȼһˣ˵㺬޶գҲĺΪ˸
ʱô
ûС
ô֪գ
ʦ˵ġ
ѣ
ݺüͷ˵˵˵ţ˦ųȥ

 37 


ʮ
Ժֹ˴£ˮȥ
ȻȫǰյЭ֮£йɸֺȻݴĻˮû˲
Ҳ֪ⳡˮʮһ鼰ȫ漱Ƕδ⡣
ˮȻȥȴ
ٵıǼߣˮ࣬ߺʬ港÷һģ顣
һҶƣڱÿֻ˯ʱհʹԴһ˫۾ĴѲ飬ʬ壬ʯңڴõЧֹĴ
ȻܿˣһȴǼġ
ˮûʣµЩؽճҲǰ޶żʮ£ɽݸƣ͢չΧˣͬʱļлɳˣڰչսҸܵУսµӰ죬˿ʼ͵͵ڻʳ۷ǣۿžҪ˼ĵǰס
Ҽ೯͢󿪲֣ٳٵòӦȰģڱڴ̣ݣҲĩĹսɳ֮ͻῪáȻϽɹ֮󣬿ֵȴʼûϢ
ʵݳй⣬ԱפڸĽ¾սʱáֻҪʳ뾭ϼ׼ݸſɡ
ҲĹȥ飬ȴԭ;⣬һԵʳĹ涨ȴгɹǾǣ³֪ͨģеȡʳϱ׼
պӦֲ֪ʱܷأҪϣ˵ϣֻݳͰҰˡ

£гɫƲʣ죬ٴ󺵣ȴһѩ
紺ʱԭƲӵʱֵĻδ´ⳡķѩط࣬ʹõ·޷ͨУ䲻ԽռѾϴ
ֵֵһնһգҲ֮ʳΪĶŹ˶ˡҿļ٣ôȥҪΧļ˲ɡ
µֻЧǰնࡣ
ƫƫûлָˡ
ͼ˵Աûϼɵ£г߹ٸ˹һڣȴ⵽˵ķԣΪ򲻿ɣöǾĴ£׷һСĿܻԴ˵ʲôһżԻؾ
ڵһʤһգۿżʳĲڰٰ֮£뵽һ취һյİ취
ǩѺǽƽհ칫ĵطȻ˲͵˼ѷļݲҪҪĹӡ
ʮ¿̸һġ
ɻĿҡ
ʲôҲʣҲʲô֪
㲻˵ӹ飬ʼ

ڶ죬Ҵżʮ۷ݳǣգڡǳʾ飬Һͽ᯶˵Ĺӡ 
ͨУڳڼҪ򲻿ɵʱ
Ϊ׵ǸȻʶҵģûʲô©Щɣȴǿšæָ۷ǽȥʳͻسǡ
ȻصݣѽѺʳ·пڣȻ䣬ŵһζζ༢İ˳ζ£˸߲ңͬһ㡣֣æץ˸·һʾ
ô£
˿ʼʩˣ
˭
ϰ尡
Ҹȥ鿴Ȼпʩ࣬Ϊ졣
־Ǻãô粻ƫƫȥ˲ſʼĳ̨һ㡣ЩжǱҪ̫ࣿ
̲סԼ֮ǰǾˣʩ࣬ôȥҪΪݳǵĴӢˡ
ȴЦкβɣ

ιʩΪʹ룬һʱ䣬ݳԶ˳̣Ϊˡ
ԭ޹أҺܿȴһ⡣
ڹؼʱٸһ֣ʹڶƳͬʱԹٸٳٲľٶ൱ҵ½ţҲδŤת־档
ܾѡҳǵͬһʩ࣬ʲôɺϣЩԹٸΪʯɡ
Ȼ֪ҵжأ˭ڱΪͨ籨ţ
е飬κβʵ֤ҲͲ֮ˡ
º󣬳ֵ͢ʥּڵˣұʹ֮ǰðȱ©һʯͷ˵ء

ܿ죬㵽ˣ￪ʼգ𽥹ȥũæʼͬʱҲӭؽ
ݳĵҲؽУҪȴ˸ۣȥôġ
֮ôǮɣˮʱǽȴһжè塣
ر˵ʱǽ޲ڱ棬ûѲĶ֮һµǮǱ˽ˡ
ҵͷ˵֪ˡ
ˣô
ڻС
Ϊʲô
㻹ûϹ
Ҫ⼸𹤳̵ѣͷе֤ץȻȴ֪⼸˲ô򵥡
Щǳû˳ƾʲôôḶ֮́һĲҲСĿ̣Աȫ֪
пܣ֪ȴ˵
ʲô˻˹˼ɣ
ֻһ
ᯡ
һе鶼˵ͨˡ
ǽĻЩ¹̣б˽ҡ
ˣΪ֪ݣĿڶֹ࣬ļƣͷô۾
ݾߣȥһӵ˸ϵ
һʱ죬ֻһ޷֮ڣ

ûã£죬ҴʮȥϷء
ǵ˽룬İɽϣҵĳ֮
ϸͬ˵ˮǰࡣ
Ҽ˵ûٶֱ̤ͣϹ;
ʮ㲻Ϫô
ҽ㡭С
ҲʣǸղôȥ
̫̾£ʵûȥ
ҼΪҵʻ䣬ЩⲻȥҪο䣬֪οڣԶԶĿһƥͷɱæʮߵһԣÿ·ȥ
ɫأɳ۶ûע⵽ǣȴϸԭϰԪӣҲȥʲô˵ġ
ҵĹϵЩٸнȻĿǰδ֮գпܣѪֵܣҪǹˣһܶµô
һ·˼࣬ʮҲѵõıųĬصݳҪȥȾƣҪһȥȴܾˣһ˴һɣȥ
ֻÿЦ뿪ͣȴһѣһ˴Ÿãɵȥɡ

˷صʱɫѾˡߵԼҷǰȴͣ˽Ųŵƣˣ˲ʮ
ҵԺӳ˵ģֻŻͻȻҪ򿪵ź
ܶǰһţͿЦҵ֣˵һˡûµģһжġʱˣʡ
Ȼʱۣȥ龰ѲһΣҴţҵֻ֣ĵһ޾֮СȻұ㿴ϵЦݽȥֱеһĮ
ջ˵
㲻ڵʱݷ顣
Ҷ˵ˡ˵ˡ
⻰Һ޲ЦûнĶôҪ⣿
һЩ㡣
ݹһֻУӦһӹ˳ָϡ
㲻򿪿ô
á
һͣ˵
ɫûԹԽ䣬ڰǰ£֮ǰûŪóϸ
Щӣ͢ڰǵսȡʤıǲʹɿگ·ձȻɽַȴڼս
Ҳ֪˶ã洫ϸϸֱ棬ŷѹʱ̧ͷȴȻ棬ĮȻ֪Щʲô
صˣʱˣذɡ
Żͷң
ҿûӦʣҲûзԡ
ҵأµľֻйԹԽܵķݣ

ҹһͬ¡
ЩӵɶľΪض֨
ҿϵı飬ֱֻܷ˫ڰ˸۾
ңȻʪǡ˳Ųӣţһ·˫ָϳѪ͵ĵطĦ
Ŵʹ΢
Ȼоûгãʲôļ˽
Ҹеһ󾪻ţҪֱ¡
ᯣȡ
û˵꣬ͱŨܵǶסˡ
һһ룬Ŀհ׻ʹԭѵĹݱΪѶ;µʹŰֻҧܡ
ûϵʲô
һ±á
ѾûмõˣֻҪʱգһõӦеıӦ
ҰοԼͼʹ
ɻû׼ȴͻȻӿ˶
⧲ƺ̼߳
Ժĥֳ˶ãѾ޷ؼ䣬ֻǵŪԼƣߣҲ޷ˮҲ֪ʱմӣŪΪʹǱʲô
һ˯ȥڰ֮ǰԼ᯵£ȴû塣
Ȼӱ󱧽ң̾Ϣ

ϣΣȴûһǵá
оǰ
жٸҹںңжٸҹڷഺ
ʱҲΣÿֺܿǡ緢ʱⲻЩѤõһ㣿һȥҲͷ
ʱ컹ûдȴѲ˽ᯡ
ҵͷأģղɲ֪ô۾ȴ͸
Ȼ˯ţǸɴ
ϷŽ᯴ǸУҰĴ򿪣װĶЩСǲмһˡ
ʲôСС£ô
ʹȴһһó
ˣֽȣຼӡ࣬ļѪʯ
󣬱˺е׵Ƿš
ֻͨдĸ֣ҵָȴס򼤶

š
ȲĴ򿪣ȴǰⲢûʲô̫Ĳͬ
ЩʧϾûпǸҩͼ
Ȼ룬ϸ鿴һ飬һΣȴ˷ֽ֡Щɫĺۼ̫ԣմʲôɵĶƵġ
һŷַ鿴ŷڲһɫİߵ㡣
ʱŽ̧ͷʮˡ
ȥЩ㲣ϻžɫȴѡҹδ飬ڲŸջ֪ȵִҴұ˳ȥΣֻװ֪
ʮ㿴ʲô
Ұŷڵɫùȥִսһ£ᡣ
ô֪
ϪˣǴСġ
ĻʱѩµòѾǸҩ˼ķԼڡ
֪ʲôطΪ
Сڽϣֲãˮ᯾ܰĵط
ʮ𣺡Ϫ
Ͷˣпܣͱ
ʮҸæ
ʲô
Ϫһˡ
̷Ӧȥ


˵ĿǰӦüסڴ˼֮УϪطǮ˼Ҳôʮ˳Ѱҡ
һº˻رϪ׸гסһˣòƶһһӦ
֪ϢҺ޲̷ɱȥȻתһ룬Լδ׵óȻǰһ¶
ԣڰź֮ǰҾܴݾߡ

 38 


ʮ
󣬽ᯰ磬˵ΪʱԸ·Աһлϯ䣬Ȼ˾ơ
ˣϲ
Цƴǣ
˲عǫǶ֪ˡ
Ǿǣ·תʹһְĪ
¹پһ
Щᵽתʹ֣æ˼˴֪ԭڵպӦڼ伫ʶЩʹĹԱǲԹɫ̵óѱڶΪ·תʹĽۣŷ׷ǰء
ˣＫζתʹ·߳٣ҪǽιԸҪ⵹ϼѣ
һ뵽⣬ʳʣϵϯҳԵأ˵ĻЦﾴƷƶ޹أǧذתֻŶԲߡ
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻ۵һ죬̧ͷһԭ᯵ڵϣ˰Ʋˡ
ҼˮǱЩֻ
˭ôΪǣ㲻̫ãȴô˵ľƣſ£
ǻã
Ⱥ֮ͽȿֺҪعۡ˭֪ȴͻȻ˹

ұסӭһƲ˻ӵζθﾭס˶ġƿᯣȴץҵ֡
ɫ࣬ȴ޼ƿʩֻ˵İ£ӲקİŪϯ˹ۡ
ƽһƾһô
ûĻһ䣺ء
æ˰ѽ᯴ϰŪԷȥźЪϢ
ôæҵİ꣬ҹѾˡ
ƽհ߰ߣæ׼ϴˮһ׸ɾԡϡ
ˣҹɫ°ɡ
ǣǣƤ˵˭ҪطȴƳ鷿ڣһӦá
ƽˣЦʮֿġ

ҹ룬ҳ˯֮ʣ͵͵˽᯵鷿
֪и񱣬Ӳɨ鷿˵˵±Ū˶ȴΪ鷿зʲôҪĶòСġ
Ҳо̰֤ݡ
ҾȼӲ鿴鷿Ĳһ̫Σν졣
ĴţȻһֻĽҵע⡣
ʮͨž֣ǰҲٴΣʼûзϡ֮Իע⣬ΪһȾ᯴ûл鷿ûɨϵᶼЩңɵֻȴǸɾģʮֱһùˡ
֪澿ʲô
к棬ȥ̽һ񣬿ȴ˰ͷļֻʣЩ졣
һæ£һûжŷְѵڵϵıʼȴԵɺϵطֵµĵשЩ֣ɫȥ̫һǳҲ£ǡû鰸ӰУôս˿޷⡣
שֻЩΡ
룬ü£տա졪ƺпյģ
Ҽæƿ¹Ȼив㣬һһ˲
ļ¼飬ͷͨһɵˡ
ȴȻʧЦ
ǰҿ˲©û뵽ھȻô
Ҳ£ڤڤбע˵ġ

ʱޣϸֻܴԵɨ棬ԽԽĺ
¼һ׮׮һʱʾȻǽݵĴС̣а϶пգ֮һһ룬ұֻ֪ҪڣݵЩбضè壬ȴû뵽©ĸ
ֲȥ궬ңԳԵôƷԲҲֲǰסڹۡʱ򣬳ԵĴõģЩöʵ뵽ģƷԱûô಻֮ƣܹǰ⣿
£չʹˮ̣Ϊһ˽ֱϷ
߬˱޲֤̽ϳʣתһ룬ǰѶ˻ȥ
ھȳ֮ǰ

ӹۡұԼȥˣ뾡찲ӡ
ȻҪɹӣͱ⡣
һ⣬ʱж
гϪĴл࣬Ҫ˾ֻܳرʱ
ʮ֪гʲôʱ˶٣
ʮ壬Ԫڡһ죬ȫȥü档
ҵͷܺãͶһա
ڶ⣬ȥ
ǰҺӣһձ㱻Ѱܾ裬Ǹй٣ȴѾֶΣֺο
˼ȥڶһص㣬ҽʮһʱȴ˵ȥ
ʮЦξȻҲߣ
εĬϡ
ʵҲǲѶΪ᯳֪֮ݶʱ¶Ŀڶ࣬Ϊ©ֻ֪ԽԽá
⣬ʣһ
ͷʹȴǡǡжĹؼ
Ӫȣ
뽭᯲ͬûʲô֣ҪͳӲӲǲеģΨȡ
뵽ҩ
ɺҩʹ˻ΣֱʱѣⷽҲһԡ
˵ɽܰɺҩˣȴ֪ʲôɷݣ޿ɽ⣿
ݱְ֪ҩҪ޻֭ҺƶɣһԵ˯ʱͺá
ң޵ʮСģ̶ֻ̡ʲݼˮſɽȣֻⷽܽжʮʱˣʱޣҲˡ
Ļʮҩ޻ȴⶫڶʮǰѾ
ڻɥȻһ顣
ʮ꣬нˣջԣҳŲȥŵһֲҩʹʹһ˯࣬˺ͽ᯵ĶԼ֮ڣõ޻֭Һ
Ȼùض֪λȡ

ϣżɽҪޡʲô׺ͽڶˣȥ˵ҪңӦòԹۡ
ȻˣȴüͷҪⶫʲô
ֻ˵ˡ
ⶫҲɱˡ࣬Ҫ嶯
ҴЦΪҪôĺˣҲôףңҪ¶Ҳֻĺ׶ӿȸ
ɫԽѿſڣֹ
ҼôԥЩͷˣ㵽׸ǲ
˵أ
Ҽ״Ťͷߡ
׷ץסңʵң㵽Ҫʲô
Ҽ裬˵׻£㲻ǡ
ʱͻȻи

ֹͣ˶۾ҵҼæͷһӰڿնƾ磬û±㲻Ӱ
һϤֱ뵱Ůһģһ
˭
ŻǼʦ

ҳ˴Ĳҩ⣬һӵĺɡ
ҪҵʦԭݣôöûбҵɼĶܣ粻ƫƫʱֳˣѶңʵڷ˼ΪҵгҼֱҪɣôڰҵæˡ
⣬һֵã˵뵱ǸŮһޣӦͬһŹŮĦͽ񲻼пҲǣȻȴԼǵã˵ʲô飬ʦĦͽһ²롣
ʲôأ
ôҲ벻
һŽֻȫǿ
Ȼõ޻¾㱸ֻǷˡ
᯹ļƣԶɣвأǰԣұʮֵСģӭԪڵ١

ʱһĹȥۼ½ȴһϢ
ʷҪ
⼸꣬˻ϣ಻ԣ͢ɳʷ飬;ʮءг̣ѮҪִ
λʷհȻϷеͼѧʿûʲôԨԴڳͬʥβ˵̫ʦ̾Ҫɵ֣һ˵Ҫݵİջ裬Աȴæҵ±ץʲôѱ
˵ʷĵһᡣ
һǧѷĺûᡣ
ֻҪռ൱֤ݣȡʷΣְܽѽ᯶һͿأ
ȻҲж֮ǰиѡ񲻵ò
ȼ٣Ⱦ
ֱӼ٣©Σˣ
ȾһᾯѸж֤
˼ȥҪѾ棬ֻһǱǱ·ھ˵ͬʱٽ᯵С
һҪ˳ʵмƻͱһ֡
˱ΣΪҪȥϪҩˣΣأ־ʧ֡
뵽ֻзʮˡ
ϪˣԵϤ߶ʱ˽ʼĩҲΪҳıߣһֱѡ
Ȼв֮µֻжһˡ
Ҳû˿иˡ

Ҹʮ뷨ɷԸ⡣
꣬ɫء
ôգһʧܸô죿Ϊʲôɴ£һ֮
˵һֱͷ뷨
ʹ˷ݵһУֱӴԶ߸߷ɣǲһⶼü򵥣
ȻЩʹأЩأ
һˣ˭ͷһеףѵҪɽ᯼ңʲô鶼ûзô
˵ģҪ
ãʣΪʲôҪһɣ
ңԼ
𡭡ôҪô
ҳҵЦ޹Ҳ޹ͻ֪ҵĸܡ
Ĭˣòſڣǰ㲻ңΪʲôҪô˵Ϊһˡ
̧ͷҵ۾
ʵǸ˾ҵĳˡ

 39 

ʮ
ʮһ¡
ܾǰһ꣬һõѣͶ޻̸ΪֹϵԶֱһ죬ͻȻ
޼ҹҹѰ𣬽£ǣܶ޹ˡ
ɺȺھΣҪЩ˵ԼĴȴնûпڡΪʼи񣬾һеǸѣЩҲӦŶԣû˵ıѣôᷢЩ飿
꣬һֱ֣ΪֻΪѸܵͷʱԼѡ
ԺԸˣΪԼΪ˴ۣˡ
ϢΪԼܸˣֳƿ죬ɵͷȴ̲סˡ
ʱȥֵʱ⣬ƷŸΣǱϾõѣۺʲôЩõļȴı䡣
ҲʱЩʹӣȻ̲סɣҲпԵģҲѣȻЩʲôأڶѾˡ
˾ʲôûˡ
ʧȥ׿ѵĻᣬҲԶ޷֪྿ʲôˡ

ʮ˵£ҿɬЦˡ
ԣֻܳȾƣ˵ҪӣұȥԼҲôȻȻһУȻô
Ҵ
ʵֺγû
ñҵҲѾزˡ
ȻЩŨܵĳѾһɫӲ飬ͻأĹĿڣ޷ڣʱʱ̵̿ĴڣЩʲôľҪҲװκλɫʡ
ʮ̾ʵĵ׵ĺˮޣֱײԽãıԽ֧顣ģҲ޷˼ȫ壬װ£ͷ޺ͻںޣʲôû¡
̧ͷ˵
㻹ᣬΪʲôŲ£²ѰҸ壿ҲԺͷбĸܣ
˵ţȥ
Ҫҡ
ĻϿҶɬһζá
ϧǿ˿ڣԼΪصޣֿ˸ж
Ŵα˱ѣⱲӱѲʲô֮ˣȴһΪԼѣĺˡ
ֿصһлл
۾
ȴŵֻǣѲܷ¡
ȥ
Ҹ˵ЩܶԣֻϧһȴŪˣҲֻԼһ˵ѡû̫ĹϵȻһΣȴѾûѡ
Ӵ󣬵ڶ࣬ҺҪóʱİֻнС
ο֮ѾٽϵҺͽ֮ĸ˶ԹϵݵİΣˮġѩֵ龰ĿЩڶϣֻ̰и˼ѣ
ѾǼϣò
꣬Ѿ̾һˡ

תۼ䣬㵽Ѯ
ԪǰϦʷڵִݣһ̱СԱΧ˸㡣
ȴֻվһԣԶԶĿţʷվȺ⾲򣬱߹ȥ
һְƲۣʵнʱʽƷΪ֮̽ʱչѻңһΪ¹ͣȻ˵Ľ㼯ʷϣұ÷֮Ҳɱ⽭ɡ
ڹԱϣȥӷ磬ұ˲ע⣬һֽȻǼƳģᣬС
ҹҰϵԼ͵ȥϣ֮ɫ֮ࡣһ·ɫԽԽء
֪ݼֱ޷죬ˣݰһ
ȴΪֻ¡
ֻ£
ֻо仰ٹ໤
ɫ˲عǣҼҰƣ
ǺãЦ鷳תʷһ¹ٱضǰȥݼ

ұʮϸϪ
ǰһϪСģ԰꣬һҪȵԪڵҹٳúжңֻȡӲ
ЦŵͷֻܷģϪҵĵ̡
˵ţɳ۶ȥ

ڵԪϣ°ǩѺӦîƺûпʼֻǾ﷭ģҽĶ
ͬһȥɡ
Ȼ롣
㶣ԥһ£Ȼҡͷ
Ҳû뵽һܾҲһ£ȻЩ˵ôԪڡ
ƺҪŬҹյʲô䣬ȻֻǿޱصûȷǹڡҶ˶٣ŵǼҵӡ
ɫʱòҰס
Ц˾ȻˣǺҵס
ûбҪԸиˡ
˵꣬Ҳ㾶ȥ

˸ãŹٵǰС
ҹĻ٣·ϵȴԽԽ࣬ǳ½½ĳӱ߾ۼÿﶼһյˮơЩˮҲкɻƣֽɣϷ͵ƻԶԶȥͬһʢĺ
ÿʱݳǵİնᵽӱŵƣ˳ˮƯ
˵Դڷ̣½ˮЩƵԭǸˮеĹ»Ұ·նġݳŮȴԸ⽫ˮΪһԸķʽЩֵŮˮô£ö̲סҪѭƯķȥ֪ɾ˶ټѻ
ҿ֣վЩŵƵȺ֮УææµµСĽˮƽˮϣΪ˲£ˮʱһһ˳ǰɰǧˮƻӵ֮У˳ƶ£ͨͨĺӵһĹ·
ҵĿȴûͣĺӵϣ˳ҡҷĵƻ˰һžĵطȥĵƽϸߣǸŵƵĺõطԶûͷ֡
ȻһǵãܶǰиССӰںӱߣ쳤첲еˮСĵķˮС
ͲȴǴųѧʵӣҲЦݡĺڷŵʱϲأȴһأĺӷŵĶǺֻȴѩ׵ġ
⻪ҹ֮УֻڵȺƣȴô룬įúɳĮеһɮ
ʱڶ԰ˣ֪ôŲˣ̧̻֣ͷңȻ򣬵Цˡ
ȥؿڱͬδϵ˰˺ǰʹ
ζһعȥƵĺϣȻסˣ˿ֻعͷȥ㷢֣иվڶ԰ĵƻɺ
ңͳ򣬵Цˡ

᯵ϴʧõϲá
Ϊ㲻ˡ
ҳĬţûнӿڡ
ҲΪ⣬ںӱ£ЩˮƻشǰƮ
ǵôǰÿ궼ҷŵơ
Ҳ˵ȴѾȻ
Щôǣ
᯵˫ţʱͶ˸Ժһֱ¡˸ܹԴѾмһֱüΪСģӲκγ֮£ӲκζҪ󣬼ԱͥѣҲҷʱߣΨΨŵŵġϺˡȴ۸ͥ
ǸʱΪ˲˸鷳ڼɼ˫׵ĳûУֻÿԪڵʱϷŵƣԴ˼а˼ҿˣÿ궼
ֱʮʶ磬ھ۷¥ĺůʱ䣬ȸϵѾˡ
ºЩڣͣǸȻڶûңᶼû𣬷·ʲô鶼ûзô̩Ȼ֮ȴʧ䣬ԭ벻أȻˣֺαӲչȥ
ԣҾҲûͬ
û뵽Һȴһһͬվӱߡ
ûʲô
Ϊ˵Ҳܲ³ҵĿġ
ﲻΪ¹ļ䣬Ϊ˼ҵ
ıеĵ
Ҳ˵ҲĬ˰Σһʱ֪˵ʲôãվ
ţȥȥ
ҲֻԭصȴһˣյˮƣҲ֪ǴŪġ
ŵưɡ
ûӹСˮз¡ƸˮϣˮˮƻϽʹ͸ˮҵĿƶ֪ҪƯʲôط
ۿˮƾҪƮתǣһĿͣһ治
ȻһСģȴ̤˿ա
ʱʧȥƽ⣬ֱˮˤȥ
˾Ѿӵ֮С
ˮʱۡ
廹ˮıսѾ˸͸
ǰ˿̹ǵĺ⣬ͻȻ䣬ͬһʹ
ץؿڣǿʹסϸȥ
ճˮ棬㱻һѹסӣϵߣȥ
ſںӱߴڴʪ͸ˣðŻ
һָҪ죬ңɫÿ¡
ľɻûüѾ˹һѽҰڵϣŭô
ӻû˵أƾʲôƿŭĿӣö˶˵ҸҪҲҪͷУ
ˣ㲻˵ҲǷԼͨŭ𷢵õȷЩĪ
ҲٽţϾҡ
˰ԭؽ֣һҹ紵Ȼ̲ס˸硣ҲЦˣһСģԼҲһ£ҲЦˡ
һʱЩ㱣о·ǰ
̾˿ץסҵ֣˵߰ɡ
ȻҲȴ𻰱뿪ˡ

ұϵ˹ۡ滻ʪ
鷿ţװһۣн̰֤ݡ
ܹݣܾԼԼȥӱߣҪý᯷»ɡִ̤֮ձ𣬽ۡ
ܺá
ĿǰΪֹһ˳
ȻֻҪѽ᯷ŵõ˲ʹ󹦸ˡ
ҵֲеĴƿװ޻֭Ĵƿ
֭Һһָʮһ£Ϊ˽ҹ
׼֣Ȼ䣬һ˫ִסңʣʲô
Ҹæ֣ǿ򶨵ûʲô
ղһʱ鼱ŷЩ𡣡
ᣬϴǸ
ֻӦһšǰ壬ͼźۼѡ
ȴԽӵʵǸ˵ġͷҵľĦ٣㻹ǡ
ˣҪЦͲָıᯣͬǵĻЩΪ룬ȴסˡ
˵ţ˫̽ʪУ뵽еĴƿųһ亹
ȡ
ת֣ͣȴ˸š

˫ﱻװۿҪǸƿֻþȫƿȴû뵽æץסҵ´ôһһ䣬Сģˡͬʱֻážһ죬һһ£˵ϡ
ͷһǸװ޻֭ƿӡ
ɵˡ
ûˣô죡
ŵϵ֭Һմһ㣬ᣬʣʲô
ûʲô
ɫ˲ˣ˹һѰҵͷǽϡ
˵ʵ
ҵѹëڵǽڣֻۣô𣺡ҩ
ʲôҩ
ҩ
ڿᣬŭ˵ôصĻ㣬Ůõ㾫˵׼͸ĸĶ
޿̵ؽûŮ㻹֪ô
Ҳ޵ҧгݣƿ㾫ʲô
ҳ𣺡ҪĶ
һ㶡

ĸŮҸôģĽѵôᯣ̣˭
⻰ϵ׺ݽȥҲ֪
վԭأŭĿӡȴʮңӹһ١
ңð죬ŻؿڣԭҰⶫ

̾һȻЩζƵЦˣ˵Ϊʲô֮ϴأ
Ҳ֪λشֻóĬ
һ㣬ӦǴ򷭵޻ζᣬȴŶǵζƢ·˱һϮɴ΢ĴУҡҷƺһֻûĵ
һڣֻõƹ˲ͣеŭ𽥽齽ůĸоеȥôֹҲֹס
֣ϵĲˡ
ô
ҲǱζȡҾȻĵ˵ͷ
չСϵ˿ڣ˳գһֱ֮䣬ݱһϸܶŨҵǡ
ͬһѻ𣬿ʼȵȼա
յͷת˶ͬڻ޻֮С
ɫ죬Ϣңա
ԼÿеζЩ⣬Ȼϸ룬дǾʧڻڵص֮С
֪ʲôʱѾ˴ϡ
֨졣
ңɢʾһжƴ
̶ʪĴźͷ£˱ҧĴʹǰþǻȥ
Ϥָ˳ű£̽խĲλͼȴֻƾһڲĦǰУֱҳΪĲλŰ
԰ĸоӿ̲ס壬ս
˫ȱֿ̧ߣָ룬жᴩƺҪ̶ܹһ
ɼѣȴ˺ѰʹѪȡ
һ˼ĴΡ
ҲΣ
۾ͼѰжϵĸݣȴоͬˮף͸ˮ⿴ȥ
еӰ񶼱ģе
ҰҡΣԴҺģѾֲʲôǻþʲôʵ
ֻܸŸо沨Ǿ߻ȵ塣
ֱʶ˲ʶľζԶ롣

 40 


ʮ
һΡ
һַ·ص˴ǰ
ḮĴԺУǰܣںżë׷һ׷һŭӣӣ
ȴЦʮֿģܸͣͷ˼Ҽŵӣһˡ
ţȻ֮䣬㲻ˡ
ҵңңȴﶼҲ
Ϊûϵģһƭҵģһ͵͵ˣһżͻЦ
߹ȥȴֻ˰ɫá
ˡ
Ѿˡ
ɽ£˽᯵ı֮С
˵ģҪýΪΪۣҪ޷֮ڣ
Ѫôǣ
ؿͻȻһʹ类պĸӲһ㡣
۵ʱ۾
һֲָҹ࣬ȡ
һ˵㣬ҵͷЩأ֮ǰļЩģǲԼЩʲô˵Щʲôһֻš
ĩˣһŨϢ޻㣬Ҳԡ
һ뵽㣬Ҽæס´
ԼĿġ
ȽЩʹҴҴҴ·ǽվںڰǰС
鷿żеӣѰǿпյĵשҺû첻ˣһۺԼҪҵĶ
Ұ˱УڳţЩұŵƹ⣬ͳ˱˶һ¡
ûд
Ȼ󣬳ǲע⣬ۡ

Ұ֮ǰԼż֤ͬһ˼ʷС
Щռ꣬ڵüա
źܳҪ˽᯵Ĵ״
һְйڼƻ񡰻ʯٱ١һʱ͢ץðĦ̱ɴְ֪֮
ڶµ̰޸ʩ̣ЩƻƷȴﲻ޹ȫץС
Ϊӹٽϧǣ̫ʯʹˮ֡Ľ
ʼָʹ˳нӴС̣ûչԼӻá
֤ݲʤö٣˶ƽ
ʷ꣬࣬ҷģ˵ʥˮʯΪֹ

ʷصᣬʮȻûʧţѾˡ
ĸӶʱ̲꣬סӯ
δ࣬޼ףҿ˲סʣҲǽסҲ˵
⼸ÿɺã
á
أ
Ҳá
̫ĻҪߣȴֲ֪οڣοʱޣʱضпܷܡ˲ʧ٣ݾǾ֮أܿͻᱻ˷Ӱ١
һʮ
²˳٣Ͽ
ȥ
Ϫ
Щ⡣
ǲǸմϪô
Խ벻ǻȥ
ҴϪ־е֪ڵθӣ̸ڣǸ˵ĺõطʮϪˣԵ൱˽⣬һ벻ôĵӻٻȥҲ³ɺﾡ͡
ż˳ھи˽ᣬֻҪʮܴ˳ӣһоͶðˡ
УһǲҪ½·ߣ֮ǰĴֻǣϰ͵͵ϪڣҸطءԻ׷ע⡣
ʮ󣬵˵ͷã֪ˡ
ڰţȻҵ֡
Ϊʲôһߣ
һЩҪ˾̸
ɫˣץסҵ֡
ӦңҪ𡣡
һ
Ȼ֪Ҫ!
˱֪Щʲô֪٣֪ģ
ǽ᯸ģʮֻǱʲôˣ
ôЩ̵أЩӡأĪҲ֪ˣ
ҵ߳ܺ΢΢ȴҪټƽˣЩݶģĸԸѲҵġ
ԭ˵
ҲԾһƽȻ󣬿۾
Ϊʲô
ĬȥƿߣȻ֪Щʲôġ
ΪѪͬĸֳ
ԣһſ죬ƺҪʲôȴֹ󣬻Ǽѵص˵ͷ

ʮһȥǰɿڡ
ң꾿ʲô
ץ֣ѯʹȥ顣
һжԩ
̾˿
˵ʱһŮӣ˺ܴҲҪȢȴ⵽ĸǿҷԣΪǸĦ̽ͽ
ĻǸеŮӡ
ǸʱǶʮǰڻʵϽĦ̵ʱЩͽͬ㣬ٸĴ׷֪ﷴ׮£嶯֮±ն࣬˽үү֪󣬲Ȼŭ˵Ļ£˵ֻҪдȡƵĻԼͱ߳ȥһƢҲܾǿ˵һղ֣һղٽʳ
ʣʲôˣ
תͷ⣬˫ֲµʱȴʧˡΪ׷Ѱ٣뿪ݣºĻ˵Ѿˡ
ˣôܣ
̲סĻ
λĸףǸŮӣʱҵﻹûгףһûгûЩˣʱˣҵֻ˭
ȴعͷңᶨҡͷ
ԵҲǺףҿóûѡ
˵նҲ÷ȴš
ʱһԵʮȻһ䡣
ҲǼ
ʱͨˡ
пܾǼ
˵޻֭Һʹ˼˵ŮӾƵĶ
ȻȻҵͶϣΪʲôҵ￹ʱͻȻʧ٣Ҫ׷Ѱĵ⴫Ѷأ
ʲô飿
벻ͨʶĴָ˵ȥ
Ϊɥꡣĸ֮ף㡣ʱץΣһץץ˱ʣЩЦգҶ˵Ǽһǣ˸ʿΪ棬˵ǸԤԣŰ˼תϣһһϣܳɲš
˵꣬з޿ɬ
һֱ֪ΪҺãȴԸԼѡķţһһΣʧ
䣬㲻˵ֻ̾˿ҵͷ
һ飺굽׷ʲôЩҵ˵ʲô·
۾Ƭ̡
ɰĪĲûʲô·ʱȻиŮңԳѣŷ㲻ӰѰңôҶҲƤﺦ¼ˡο˵ûµģһҵ㣬ȻĴ
˵ţƺ˵յΣЩץסҵ֡
ϣ㰲ȫ˻֪ЩҪκ㡣ҸлλĴҪαȴֻЦ˵
ĻͻȻһϣʮÿ̽ͷ³ת˵ǰ˹ؿ̲飬ûѲͨĦ̱ľЩٲʶң鵽©Ϣ
ˣúñأºϪ㡣
еƱһֽһַŵʮúչ
ͷӻһöССӡ£ҵ
㿴ǺţԴǵϢ
ҰѶУгͣ¡
ƿҪȥﻹסҵ֡
Ǻӵ¡
Ḳ֣İɣҲʲôġ
˵ʵԹ޷ԭоϾҵֳҵĶӣĸȹҵһǧ˿ƹϵˣ֣
οһס
ᯡ
˵ϣκ˵ıԵ̣ôΨн᯵ΪҵҲŹ
˵Ѱ˿벻ģϽҵǴ߲觷飬ҵ
ﲻĶ㱣ƽ
ȴѶŻָ
ԼúţûҲܰġ

 41 

ʮһ
ʮԼºϪѰǵϢҴ³ϻعᡣ
ڶգãһæµţû޹ȱϯԭ򣬾ͺʲôûзȴܾƽŹ죬ٵǰϦǰ㡣
ھѾһ죬гϢõˣ᯼пͻȻʦ׼Ȼֵǣһ죬ֱҶûмӰƽ֪ԭһͱʷȥˣڶûл
а⣬ֻ֮йˡ
ͻȻЩֵĲôˡ
ˣͷһ˵ҪˣС˶˵ˣŲߣء
ô˵֮ʲôԩҪߣţſڡ
ֻһ齾ںִһǸӵܡ
ôˣ
ңæ񣺡˺á
ҳڰʾתͷ꣺Ҫҽᯣ
ֱ㶣
ʲô£
Ҫ֮¡
ʲôҪ֮£
˵ն
Цʲô˵ôðȻȥ
ûֻñҵ˵
һλܲⶼҪܰɣ
ᵽüɫ⵹ûУҵϪķг
ͷһݣմӷгӳҽᯣ˵Ҫ飬Ҳ֪ҪʲôȻȻȴɫЦԭǷҵĹӰûôˡ˵ţַԸûˣҵľʶɣҴȥ
ǵв֮շСȻ֣УǹԹԸҽ˸áһ·ϣҴĴƣ뷨׻
ûмǴǷӰɣ
ʮ˵˶ǰǳӣұ˸һ£˵ֵ֮䳤ԼǴˡ
Щ棺ң
û뵽ȻѺ˱
ǰǰʱ᯸ϰݷùʱҲڡ
ͷԭˡ
ʵֻ뵽гϪ׸ΪŶݰݷùǲŽ֡ǵСʱ򣬵Ҳȥݷø·ԱһύЩ֮ˣΪӵĽƽ·ȴӣÿζĲɣԺЩʲôˡʲôӡ
ⷽү֪뷨ȻûԹʲô࣬һӣҲ˸СУԹ˽
Һüûˣðɣ
Щɣƺ뵽ʲôȴҡҡͷá
ҿȴװûע⡣
γʱôģ
Ҵˣ˵ǧҪԽõ󡣡
ҹΪȻӣЦʵˣǷôûҪôٴС
һô֪
Ȼˡ
ʵε鲻ȫôţ᯲ôͨˣοǼҰôæлôأҹ뽭ʮǵĿ˵ķļͷģʵڲУʱٸ˵˵ģµġ
⻰ǳ˶Ƶģ˿ǿ̫ˣ㲻֪ٳǰҵˣһΪʲô˲õĴء
ˣҼѾԿ϶ŵˡ
ΣŽУ
ֻǣҪôźأ
һŶԲߣһͬ
֮£Ҹ˾Ϳˣôƫ
ڰ֣Ե޿κΣҵ˵¹ҪһҪԽвУȫ¾ҺˣӲˡ
ԭˡ
Ҽ˵Щ鲻Ը뵽ԼʱΡ
Ȼ֮䣬һ
ⷽͬҵһϷ
ҹп״һ㶼ôˣô겻Ҳ֪ϵó᯲
ڨڨЦ
Ҽ飬סĵЦԭĲ᯳֪ʲôܺãܺá
̰һ˵ĻͷС
ţȥ
ӲͷӦˡ
ҳţ˼һôߡ
ȻϵýᯣɴҸð䣬ƭ˵ֻǣҪ˭ⳡϷأԭʮǲѡˮ·Ϫ˾ԺȻҲҽãʶ뽭᯲̫࣬ʵڰ粻񡣳ˣһʱ䵹治֪˭æˡ
ʵڲֻӲˡ
Ѱ˼ţһСģͷײˣЩˤȥ
һѷסҡ
̧һȴ
ôûôſڵôеģҲ֪ˣϰôȻ͵úܡ
㡣
ʲô£
òá
ʲôÿģ׼༥ȴսѹϴЩ֭õôˣ
ԭΪȻЩ֣ҹֻΪ£һʱҲ벻ʲôͷ
ĺˣǶֻˣûкˡοȫˣҪҲˡȻǷүϣ֪İߣʡ鷳ҲΪҲ˼ٰ罭᯷ˡ
ȵȣҲˣ
һ´
ôˣע⵽ҵߣеʣʲô鷳ˣ
ҶԥƬ̣˾ģҸæ
Цˣ˵ɡ


 42 

ʮ
׹ٷȻҪװϺ̰ףͶ侹Ҳ˼ֹĵýᯱ˵ϡ
ܺá
ҵͷ΢˼䣬ʹȥ١
λҪҵĽˡ
һ̵ɴ۾ҡͷ
ҴΪңʲô
˭֪һҡͷһǰҵ˵Ǹ̳쿴ž˼˵ҲȻʲô̳
ЩЦ磬úÿҲûôģƨĵ⺢˵óڣٿҲһЦõı顣
˵жң
ԶԶԡ
ӻͳż㽻С

ۼ֣һ
ʱˣЩȥɣġ
Ŷá
ǼȻ˵ͿͣүֻøǣЩ䣬ٳŻʱٲȻһӣΪЦ
ϰô
̲סЦһ̧ͷȴ˫ڵȻЩЦˡ
һʱ䣬ҿңԡ
ְһء
Ӧ˵Щʲôźã
ð죬Ҳűһ仰ղŵ£лˡ
ҡҡͷûʲô֮Ͱˡ
ȥһĬ
Ǹš
ѣ
ԡ
ż㽻ңȴ֪ΪʲôϳƬ̡
һӹһʣôˣ
ȴָֺܿȻң۲΢֪ݣ
ұ߲ߴ𣺡֪֪Ҳò𿪿ˡ
Ȼڶֱסˡ
ңδࣺȻ֪ΪʲôҪƭ
ֻ˵䲻֪дʲôȴ֪¹ﰲΣ

ᯰڷгǰӳ췽гɶţ㣬᲻ƭţ
Ҹɴ಻ڣֱӰѻ
ˣ˵ſҵ֣ɫȴЩŹ֡
ԼеطԾܲԸҿƵġ
ǲʲôΣ
Ƴż㣬Ͽһ֣ڱԵһɫӡǣϴеĺۼһޣӡ
Ҳ֪ʲô
Ҫ̽ȴһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
ǽᯣ
֣ôˣôڹٸ
Źٷ鷳ˣæʾ㵽֮ᣬѸ˹ȥһ̣á飡һ죬űƿˡ
һϸѾ嵽˸ǰ
ɵĺ¡
һ壬һֽƬżѾ
ôʹ·ǲһֽһѸӡһѵ
ұܵȥż㻬䡣
һǵֱֽϣǰɢҰ
ͬʱһֻͻȻܳͣľ㤣
һʱ䣬ҾһѿסȻǽϡ
ײϼʵǽڣ԰ضʹϵҲʹϢȻЩʹ־壬ľսȴǽ᯵ı顣
ǱŤ
ǱŭԹޣΪŨҸΪڰ
Ϊɱ⡣
ҵĲôʹ޷
̫ѨѪ
ԴʹϿʼѪ
ͼ֣ȻԽԽ޷ѣֻܵɴ۾
ֽƬ½½ػ䣬죬ڶϲĻص
ϳЩֽƬ
ͷÿһֶ͸Ѫᡣ
⵹᯵֤ݣ
ǰϣЩֽʷû뵽ȴ
ֲýͻȻɱ֣ԭ֪˼ٵ¡
Щ֤ݼȻ˵վǹһˡ
ۼһŬӰȻ֪Ϊʲôȴˡ
Ǻȴ֣
ţܷȴп͡
Ҷνᯣģһһֵĵ
ɱ????Ҳ???
˵ֿ꣬Цˡ
ᯣɻԼĴǰļ!
̲ס֡
һʧȥұڵϣźһ洭ϢһЦ
ңɫÿ¡
ȴ⣬ƽ˺ͷ
µûЩġᯣ£̰ɥЩȻó±˵ôΪӮˡбɱңȻԶ˽ᡣԺ治ɣұȥҵԺ棬Ժ治ɣұȥ̨Ժ棬ôһĸȥֻҪһһڣҪõӦеıӦ
꣬ؿңòʣΪʲô
µȻΪʲô
ҴЦ
һ㣬㺦ҼǿӦ֪
ıͻȻúܹ졣
Ťһϸ΢ĲЦȴֺʱʹޡ
˵ʲô
˵űȥ

ߺһʱ䲻֪ԼҪʲô
˼ȴʲô벻ͷӹȫǸѵƬϡ
ĪģԼʮнѹ㿴վȰ֣Ҳŭˣ˵ʲô
ȥ˵ķܣֻץɢżֽƬԱ˺˸顣
ֱ˺һڷ
һͷվԡ
ңЩӡ
ҾЩѿͷҪ뷨գȴִ˽Ų
ѵǽȥ
Ųȴֲ
Ҫʲôӣôˣôÿͻһһ
š
ˣô
Ǽʷߵȴû֨
⣬һҪ뿪˴У֪ɷһ˵
Բţ˵ʲôô˵ˡ
֮°¶հ˲ӣˣռ֤ôô͵˽᯵ϣҹʲô࣬ͼѧʿ˵ôԭѻһڣ
֮˼̬Ȳѣòſڣ
ˣ֪㲻ң֪εİϵشҼҰ˱Ϊҷǽһ̰оϸŷҲǷ£Щ˲ϵĹ̶һйأ壬ǡǡպӦ˵ϸҵıǵ̫ʦеʥϣȥ̫꣬ѧҲʯһ½ʫɣ󻹲ǱگŹ֮ĪѵҪҼҴ˰ìͷָʥô
ЦͳԶСˣЩѵ˵˵ôûЩֻ֪ϵĳӣʥôһʤһյĺȥ
˺ˣҲΪΪҴͿ֬Ĩڣϧʱ磬Ѿϻȥˡ׼ڸȥȴЩ飬ұ˵ֻϢܿᴫҶȥʱֱӳ֣Ҳе㡣ˣ·Ȱ㻹ǿЩ뿪Ƿ֮ذɡ
˵꣬ˡ
Ȼ䣬ֻúۺۣãȻ֪һӦôߡ
ҵֶҲû˵οʹ֣ӽ᯽ļƿҲһ׷ŹҡȰ뿪ɾһʱΣĻǻ
ȻѾʧܣұʧȥ˶Ը᯵ƣӣҲᱻץסֻԸԱİȫ
¿ˮ̣ʲôͳͳ㵽һͷɡ
뵽̲סŶͷƵؿЦ
֪ʱѾߵ࣬ͷһֻֽͷңƺ뿪ڰο

ȴҡҡͷһ˾һɡ
ǲֻƣ·˵Ҳûˡ
üͷĬãĩˣ̾һðɡ

 43 


ʮ
Ժļգʱûʲô
֪ʦֻʵæ޷
ЩӣպӦְֵȥݳĹԱǶҥ˵תʹѾ೯͢׼ϻˣνȥӦְ˳Ϊ£ΪתʹĵǲվҪ´ˡ
Ȼ£ʹߵִݣ˵˴һǣ᯲û²תʹֻ˸ٳƽ˾
ٳƽ˾ֳƲ˾·еֻԵתʹȥ⣬ڹٳ֮ȴ֪ⲻǷݿ£ֻҪְǿáƽۣ̲ˮ˵˷飬ʵǳֺá
ƽͬ˵ʱһߡ
ˣ֪ôҼҴ˵תʹԭǰ϶£ȴ֪ĸϲСתʹλӡ
ߵڰףЦݣô֪ûɹ̰飿
ɴ۾粵ҵȻ֪
֮ԱǣȥҴղص˲˵תһ룬ͬ⺢˸ԴΣˣҲͬƽˡ
ƽ˵˳ѾͱӦǱߣҾǨŭڽᯣתʹһְҡ
ˣֻ˽᯵ķɻڴ֮·
뵽⣬һó죬һȴ̲סЩ¡
һ٣ᯱضǡ
˵ı֮أ뵱꣬Ϊʱĵļ仰Իô꣬ϧƭףοͱô©ӣ
һָо
һΣ᯾ưոݡ

£ϾҪյʱڣݳڿƷƽ˾ʵӿ
Щ뽭ᯱϺͺϵȴӲͬÿǹ¹ĺ꣬Ĭƺ˿ף޻˵
ͬİ·޹ϸҲˣȴⲻǽҵ塣
ԣÿһҶ񾭣ʱ׼ӭĴ
ҲҵԤӦ飬úǱߴһ˲Ϣ
뽼ⷢһʬ塣
ҸϵׯһţЩӭĶѬʬ屻ڵãѾ߶ȸãȣׯﵽŴ̱ǵζ
ɱ˵İκεطټȻ׮֮ǰȴصɱַ
ʬ˵Ǳ˴ģȥࡢ˫Ŀڵ£ֱǰЩӲűɽϵԹ˳ʱѾõѾ޷ˡ
ӣһֱ⣬˵ֲ᲻֪ԼֳʱԽԽױ¶ȻѾ˶ԷֱʬͿˣΪʲôҪôۣ
ҲĦ̵Ľ̹棬صĳͷ̡֮
ѵ˵׮װýϵ
ô
˼Ƭ̣ʵְȥҲƵʬ塣ڶʮǰĦ̱ʱһЩͽ¹ٸͨѽ̳ӣ׷һ³״֮ңְ¡
ԭ뵽һȥˡ
ʣεİӿȷĦΪô
ְֻǴַжϣȴҲų˹ߣͼ
˵ߣһϡǵýᯱ֪һְʱЩһʱ侹ȥ
ߵȭͷķʲôСÿӼˮƯϴҶȥȻһöССӡ¡
͵һ¡
ǵʮӣֱǰҲһöӡ£˵ƾļǺţ̽ǵϢǶСĵղڹУͼǲˣǲʻ״ǰöһޡ
һĭʲôʱģ
Լǰ
ǰʮӵʱ򣿣
Ȼ䣬һ
ҽס˷гͨ籨ţɶôˣӵӦʹ᯵Ķȥˡ֪ˣ㲻ɥҲӦñŭӦʦȻȴֻδᡣ
ѵ˵ľŹˣ
ԡ
֪˵ģҲʶŭӣ籩ǰǰ㣬ԽǳĬԽǺʲô¶ûзԽǿ¡
Īģ˸
ʲôͷֿһѾ޷ϵʬ塣
֪Ƿã㱼䣬Щʶ
Уöʶӡ¡
ұ۾һǿԼ侲
ҪˣЩֻɺϰˣƵӡ²ӦúܰȫʮѾˮ·ˡ
ȻûмǴĻһ죬Լûеɿۿϴǰ³Ҫ֮ʲôӡ
뵽ҲסˣϸϪ

ҹ·УշתһҹûϸϪĿĵʱ硣
ھԼ֮ڻд£ʮҲûпʼҪãã˺дǵϢǴ롣
ʲôеĽǡ
ȥǾȴӷг֡
Ϫ׸ĸۡǰȴŽգǰ˿ۣû˻Ӧ
һ·˾Щضҡ
ʣǷô
ȴֻǻɵʣ˭
һתЦǷӵľʶ֪ڲڣ
ڡ
ôүأ
Ҳڡ
һѣЩǵ˭ڣ
ڡ·Ѿʧˣ¹ƶʮˣһҹ֮䣬ʧӰ١
ҸеһԱ𣬾һɲĹִ˵
᲻ᡭǰأ
·ֿ죬һЦ¯ϻŶ
˵գﳤȥ

뿪Խֻʸ
Ϫص¹һ֮Եҵãæǰӭӡ
ˣô˵
ûͬȦӣֱӿżɽʷгһҵ¡
ô
ɫһ䣬ǿ򶨵ʲô
ʧٶˣ
˰ɣһ˼ǻԪڼʱ򡣡
һôʱ򣿣
ЩͻȻʧģ

Χûʲô춯
¹µļ΢΢һ£̧ͷСĿ˿ΧûС
һѣʮˣҪ˵ôһŪˣԼ뿪ҲǼСḶ́ȴ˵û춯ôܣ
Ȼ¹Ϊʲôѣ
Ҫʲô飿
Īǣ֪˭ɵģȴ
˭η壿
˭ôͬʱʧ
ӵûʲôϵ

صݣ̲סҵᯡ
ﻹðɣ
һۣ²ؼβдʣ
ת
˵أ
Ҽװģʱŭͷץס½Ҷӡ
ᯣ֪Ѳڷг
ȴô
شƽ·֪һ֮ͬǰƲⰵϡ
Ԥʵˡ
˲ֻ棬ͬסһ㣬ΪŶ
ᯣҲ㶵Ȧӣֻһ仰ﵽڲ
ңûлش
ǽţôž·ȥһ죬ֻĹĶޱ
Ŀհ׺ڿڣ
ڡ
ȴţ׷ʵģ
ֳĬãҵ֣תȥ
ΪʲôҪƭ㣿


 44 

ʮ
Ͷ꣬ʮ¡
ӣܿͬʮԼ֮ˡ
ӣɽݿܾȻͻΧ˼ݣֻͯ͢ʮ
⣬ݳȴǺ֪飬СؽߺȣӵҲһӡ
ܿҪĩպӦֽʯ²ѹ
ε֪ŻδΣΪ˱ⵢʯȻѾٳƽ˾ĹΣȴǵݴ֪һְ칱Ʒ͡
Ϊˣƽƽ
Ӧ¾ûô컨ʯС»ҪҼҴܣҲ̫С˰ɣ
ˣֻһЦ
ôõȻ֪˹Ʒͷȴ⣬С¡ٳƽ˾ְλԭҸģȻ˵֣
ҺãҲ찾ͷˣƽҽ˵ŻԴٹձҪݽְ֪֮ʱӦ־ûٿҼҴ˰ɡ
ҵͷȷ
ͬ⣬㿪ĵЦˣɺȻ뵽ʲô̾
ô
ˣ潭ȥݸΣǲǾͺѻˣ
ݣ
Ϊʲôᵽݣ
һ˲䣬Щ
һ̣ȴܿˡ
·λںݣٳƽ˾ȻҪȥݸ칫
ôԶ׼£ôƫˣ
ôƫˡ
ˣ
ƽСĻһ
ôˣ
Ż̧ͷ˺һ૵ؿڣû¡

ϣϣŰ顣
Ҫˡ
뿪ݡ
꣬Ǹá
ȴͨС
ݾмյ·̣ԺһҲܶˡ
ұǼ£ɲ֪Ϊʲôһ㣬ȴȥô˯š
ĥ͸
ѵ᯾ľôˣ
ٵҲãҲãһʹˣ
Ϊӹ¹䵭̬ȲһαװΪǷҵľ裬ȴСľӪһȦף
ȻΪֹûжεŻҲܿҪˡ
ѵҴˣ
ľŹٶȥˣ
ˣָô죿
Һģޱȷ꣬Ҳɷ˼
ʱٿأŵ
һæ
˭
ҡ
ϳЩ¡ôˣʲô
·š
վĳ
ûеƣֻɫˮһкϣҹǣվÿͬ˵е֮ˡ
ôˣ
Ĭһ
˵Ҫ㣬Ҫ뿪ˡ
һʱЩӦŪ⻰ĺʱȴ̲סЦˡ
Ҫˡ
ڣҲҪˡ
ô£ԼƵģ˵ʱһ𺦣׼һƨˣֻʣһǻ޴йЦ
ҸеһãȻֻתȥƣ̬
ɸӣһ˫ִӺ汧סҡ
ҪҪһߣ
ҹɫޱ
ͬһ𣬷һУ뿪ݣ
ȻʧЦ
ʮȰߣʷȰߣھҲȰߡ
Ϊʲôһعͷ
ɢĸӹҹգڱ£ıû˺ڰ֮УȴѹһЩ̵֪ᷢʲô顭
ŬõĴʾУЩߣ˵˻Ҳ
˫ֲԾսûлشȴѾ֪˴𰸡
зĸ֡
ʵҲ֪ؽϵӣôľʹ˰֣пܣ䵭ҲãȥݸҲãΪ˷ɾĻӣǰΣķɱлںš
֪Ϊʲôʶʱﷴ̤ʵˡ
Ҷ˵һСĵġ
һ㶣㲻ߣ

Ϊʲô
֪ġ
оôҪô
ڻ˵Ǹ֣ȴһֵĴ֮УҸо·췽ҹ̷̲סЦָֺܿ򾲡ҿصһǡ
˵ûоҪҪκ˵ıԵ̣ΨΪҵҲŹֻҪһڣҾҪͬȥֱõӦеıӦֱ޷֮ڣ
ȻȻѾ޿أֻó̾һҲ㱾һӦʲôʣֱӵѨȥ
һֺܿȻ԰㻹Уϧôû
ʵû뵽ôԺԽҡҵӣΣѡ񣬲ܽϣ㲻Ҫڡ
ҵͷӦһá
״ſ֡
ҾˣߺСġ
š
һЩΣվóӦÿԱƽǵḮԺǿŰŽôǿ档
֪ǿðŽġ
ܾúܾǰǿժ˰ŽҶ˻Ӻʱ̾˵㰡㣬ȫ;ϡ˵Լ롪Ǹԡʣӽ顱롣
ԭô꣬һֱǵá
ɲǼ䣬ʲôзӿһþȫȻ΢Цųһء

ߺһ糣ûգ֪ŻǰΣݵĸ·Աף½ӷ磬ͬʱҲΪ˸ǰݵĽС
ϯҶĬţʱ͵ۿ̸ЦĽᯣʡ
Сģ⼸Ƿƽ˾ۿ˾Ҫǰȥݣ׼ʱ֣
ʵڲ²͸˵˼ֻ÷
ҲΪӷе˫壬εϯʮ¡أ·ԱҲú롣
û£ұѰϪص֪س¹⣬ЩйϢεǣһȦôҲҲˡ
ºҵӴСѯʣȴ֪¹ȱϯ
֡
֪ݵô飬ô᲻
òԾȴҲûжȥ

󣬱㵽ʮµ쳽˷һбģҲǱĻӰ죬ҵƤܾʲô¾Ҫ
սžңַ˼ʬ塣
˰Ѿڳϸ⼸ʬ嶼˴ȥࡢ˫Ŀڵ¡
ַϸ·ֵǾ߼һģһ
ֻûô򵥡
ҾΣ׼Եׯ̽һȴ֣֪ʲôʱӾȻ
ǰ磬ͷȴͬҹʲô
Ҿ״죬æųȥ
һ̧ͷ㽩סˡ
ֻѾ˴룬ڰУһֲֻ̰Ĵ죬һһĽԲɣŨصĽɫīɫս㣬ڲڶţںϡ
Σʳ
ʫмءʮ֮˷îʳ֮֮󡱣׳ĳҴֻ鼮мǹ룬û뵽ھȻĿãһʱ䣬޷ƿ۾
Уȱ̫ŷΪҫǿҵĹâһĩı
һʱ䣬ƺԶȥվؿţ·ڼ֤һҹս
׼
ٿأҶŭ
һ̣᯵ֱ㵲ǰ
Ϲͳ˵
׺ݵקңֱȥ֮⧲ײײ̤ȥһСıżͷ棬ϵĶɢһء
蹷ڷʲô쭣
ҶһҪƿڴȴסˡ
֣ۣȴ޷᯵ӣǰ·һ߶ţʲôˡ
Լƴڡռ˵칷աʧµı֣Ϊͷ˼Ž´֣֡´ҡԣ⾰вֱӹۿᴥŭ
ʱЩ
ұ۾˻ȴȻʲô
ԴͻȻˡ
ʲô㶣ǳ⡣
ûж·޷ͻȻٵľ޴һ㣬Ӳˡ
Ȼʶˣ۾
˫ǿаҵſƤ鿴
ҿı飬ֻٵĺҵգָ亹
ûµġһңҶϷصûµġ
˵ң˵Լ
һƬڰãȻˣǰ˭
Ϲ˸ô죿
⣬ݲ±ͷԴҺģƺǧٸ߽仰޷˼⡣
ֽűòԼģãΨаΧůǽеİοҽס壬Լȥ

Ҳ֪˶ã۾ںڰģģĿ
۾û£ʯͷ˵أҲָֻ÷ŵһ˸Ρ
ţͻȻע⵽Լţһ̧ͷ䵽᯵ӡ
һĪĻңһѣһſ֣վ
ûˣ
š
ָһ䵭ȴڲסеƣһֻ˹Σкһ֪룬ӦȵƣŻ谵Ĺ߷ڵϵ̨ͳӵȼ
յȼ㷢ֽ᯾ڲԶһԲ
Ϥ
ʮнʱʲô˵ֻվһĬĬĿš
ȥĪĶһ£һСģ֣ܵ£æȥȴһƽš
ûȼ򣬰ͲϿһֻ֣ڱԵһɫӡǣӡ
ǰǼǰгҵӴǷ⣬ʱΪ᯴ӵϢ취ƭ˹ٰ¶һͣ˸һɶû뵽ǷžȻֵط
Ѱ˼ôȴ˹
Ƴһ棬ͻȻɫٿؽų˹ȥ
𿪣ϸ
ת˲䣬ϵѪʧĿʲôΪµϢ
Ҿԣʣôˣ
ֱĶңʲôʱģ
ǰ
ҼǵúǰӺĵڶ졣
ԣ˾סˣϲҰһƬ
׷ʲô
˺ܾòſڣƺֶԵ
ˡ
߬еż㡣
Ħ̡Ҫ


лҪ˵Ͷ꣩ʮ쳽˷ʳ֮ԺӶڶʹʦΪ̫ξ¾Ϫ
̷֮ʷ*͵ڶʮ*ġ




 45 

ʮ
᯳ŵݸңҽӹѸɨһ£˵Ħ̽С뺡ȡҲƣɢļڡܾͩ룬ı֮ӡ
ҰĦڵдģѾʧһˡ
һæʣ˭
Ϫ׸г
Ȼ
ҵɫغܲÿȻѾԤУͻ໹ȫѪҺ
ԭгĦ̵ڼ飬ֲ¶ʮ˻һҹ֮ȫʧ٣ֻ˶֣ҲµòǼ߱۵ʬӦþǷ֮ˡ
ɱǣðűŵķͳôҪϢȴҵµʱ䡣£Է츲صı仯
ٿأǰǸʿԤԻԺ
⺢һԵ򲻽ҴͷݰʧҲٷֱ
ʱûн⻰ӲʦѧŪü
ԤٴӦ顣
Ħ̷ˡ
Σˡ
ҴӷƭǷţһλᷢ
뵽ҲϣȽƺʧȥҲվ
ȻΪԼڣұ˽᯵䳰ȷ
ߣһžͰųˣǺģ
Ȼ̧ͷᯣ˵ʲô
ôҲ룬гʧ٣˵Ħ̷ıѣ֪Լıʱܰ¶Ϊ˱ҹζ࣬Ӧ²ŶԣȻ⼸紵ݶ
ûС
ȷĦ췴ôֱʱնûһ˿
˼
ѵ˵Ѿж
ܷȻãȴǡ⡣
˵ûĦ̱ڱ͢Χ֮УӦòΪϢ©ﻮѾõı档
ȻôϲΪʲôأ
Ұ˼⣬ڽȻ̧ͷѾָ˹֪ʲôʱʳѾȥˡ
ɲǼ䣬ʲôͨˡ
֪ˣ
ʲô
ȻĦŷ¹ּеԻڣǽһ뷨Ѱѵʱӡ֤Լ˵
˵ŵʳ

ĦбʿǳԣЩΪ˵ȴ⺱󣬲ð¶ķգٳٲ϶֡
Ȼۻ˷ѽ֮
ܾĦðķδ̫ˡǰгžѾͳǻԵɺ䵽֮£ٸ֪ϢˣôĦ̵ȵʳ
Ҳ֪ѾʧֻߣΪű٣
ƬͻȻӿ˽
Žʱɵ̬ȡ
ʽᯣͬгûʲôļǺţ
Уǵӡ
ҵͷôһҲܽͨˡ
Ħ̺ܿͻɷгǸڼ飬ϪôҪϢгδԼѡٲµӣ˶Ŀ
пܾһĦͽĸףǡڸó֣Ȼ˵ңȴֻǸٷҪæƭʱһڴӦ
ŷʱôɣѾ³ݣҪӡ
ҲµĲжȥţȴͻȻĽ᯴˼ƻֻܶ㵽ͷ
ڽߺԱĽˤڵϵļȫ˺飬ҲһֽмΪгż㱻٣Űȥ
Ұһһʮĸ˽ᯡ
ȷܡ
Ǹô죿
ô죿һһ
ƽȥϪ̽̽˵ʮ𼱡
ƽ֪˴£̷ɱȥ
᯻عͷصңԸһлü
һĵ˵ͷֻġ

̽һʱزʱȴ˷ѣüͷڷ˼Ȼ뵽ʲôųȥ
̸ȥҪ
ǩѺ
𣬽Ѿ֪ݣô鵱ȻҪǩѺ֪֪ͨŻԲŶԡ
ǴҴҵŻԣټȫԱ˵һ飬ֻԽɫԽ֪׵øֽһķŶͷҪεһ㣬ĿΣҺȻЩҲܹСʼôҪĵù£˭ġ
²˳٣֪ݣٴȥý¾̼ᣬ׼֧Ԯ
ǡ
פǿǷڽϡ
ǡ
ŻԽ᯵ָֻţͷ絷⣬·ԱҪ編һȴҺֹ
üͷĻعͷôˣ
Ϫ̽ӻûлĦǷ췴ϢҲδȷˣӦ֪սʱϷͬСɣ󱨣Ϣ
һϢȷʵ֮ǰ೯͢󱨣ɶͨյȴ޶ԣҲǿеӣͻȻϻĿֻš
ȴɨһۣܺùʱֲ
ұûһҭ׼ɻûڣƤЦⲻЦĵˣֿ־ˣղҲ֪ĸһﱻŵɪɪèƵġ
һʱѪӿ߳ŭֱȥԻŤһ𣬺ײűԵĹԱȴѾ˫˫ҲʣҲ˲ɨˡ
ҺУ̽ǰر
ԭܵ·Ϫŵˡ
һԤϵǰϢĦ̹Ȼʳ֮ʱңϪѱݣ֪س¹ΪףȫعԱϤһ⡣
һһǰֻǰϪʱ¹гһҵϢǸʱ˻ѣƺʮֺ£ҪЩʲô
ʱҲ֪ʲôη壬֪ĦΪȴв֨
ֲյĽӷ¹ûеϯĦôһ֪뿪ڣ
¹һ֮޷ȫԼ˵ˡ
ϪʮǰĦ̵ĴӪͽڣֲôͱˡ
ҧҧĦͼƻıԲֻϪһ磬ڹѾˡ
ͬ뵽һȥˣΪ꣬ͬ˵ֻܰ£¾Σ
ˣѾϡ
á
ƳһۣҲֱתŻԡ
֪ݣȥý¾̸ϸϪӭУ
Żæĵͷ̴ȥ

Ժ½½˵ЩڼǿǷϵ£涨ڼκûйٸߵĲýݵȡȰЩ齻ֿ꣬ʼڷڽķŲӡ
ͻȻ䣬뵽ʲôȾߡ
ʲôȥҸĽŲԼ׼ô
ݺݵ³֣
֮Աǣǰսδ֪ȴѾ׼ǲǲ֮ˣ
תһ룬־ôҲмֵϪƫԶʵǿоһձɴݣҪݹٲֵʳȫҲҪʱ䣬Ѿûйʳͻȥ֮ڲȥȱٳ¿ɾˡ
һһԲȥᳵ֡
æµţȻ𣬵˹ӣݼأҲϧαͽ᯵ģۣŪʳɽڻʲô鶼û׼ûȷʵ֤֤ĦѾѹôðȻǰٲ־Ͳ¿ֶô
ˣ˹ӣ㶼׼׵ˣ
мһ˵Цôǲ˾֮ҪþҪûô
ߣҺȴҼ¶֮ɫк޼ƫƫҲʲôطֻ̣õͷȥ飬۲Ϊ
صãŻҵϢ޼ҿɹĸ漯ѣñٳ飬פ칤£ι̳ǷôæһȦʱѾ硣
˵ûУ
ûС
˵ţü˼֡
Ұ֣ͳôûеĪ·ϳʲô飿ȴֻĵֻɡ
ɨһۣûдվ˼ȥһˣ


 46 


ʮ
ոμŻѾû⣬᯲ڣݱ㽻ִ֡
ڳ¥ָפ칤£ι̳ǷæһУĺɫ
ͻȻ䣬
ˣвѹ
ͷһݣæʣ¾
Ϫ
мˣǵ˵֮ƣ
Ϫڵθӣ̸ڣĦڵ̾ѾãϤֻҪƼñٲֱסҷ¾ͬʱϮݣνջɳ²֣
ۿ¾صæճšʱԳƲȺ̸ֽʵս飬ϴвΪǵָֻţڽ¾֮ǰΨһ·Ϊס
سţȻԭԥҳôȥ
һԵƽȻ죺˻ûл
Ҳ𣬽鵽ڻûл֪·ϳʲô顣ϸ룬ܿ죬̽Ӽ۶
ˣⲿӼƽѲĦ򣡡
жõݣ
һʱ
˻ر̸¥ǸԶɽּȻԼлƶٶȣֻ³Ųһʱ
ûϢ
̽ӻرڻظϵ·ϣٻҪʱ
˼ãҧڣȥʱرճš
ǽ
üͷƽȥɽΥߣն
ظϲǽԼдѵҪȫΪѳ᲻ɣ
ƽ˱㲻ֻǱ齩Ӳڸ̡

ʱһһĹȥ
ͭ©ʱܿ㵽ѷѾǰճ֮¿̲ݻȴûлҪڳ⡣
վڳ¥ϣҰãĺɫ߬ģʱһԤһ㴫ȥسţ
ᯣû侮ʯֻƽ˲Ż˱Ӧ
˵жһԵƽ״漴Ҫֹȴûôĵӣֻҧ촽ֱǲʡ
ƶḥ̂֨֨¸¡죬صĳźȻ֮رա
ʱͻȻ˺˻ˣ
¥в˻ȸԾ
ҵͷ¹Ȼһֻ鿿Ϊ׵ǽᯡ
ˣ˻ˣƽϲ
ΣؿһۣѾرա
Цʱ佩Ӳӣԭأɴ۾˾ȴϿţ
ûѷҲô
ѵҪҼҴȥ
ûлش
״˺˼Ҳ˵˫ŵĶңͬڿһֻ
ȴûƽ𾪵ı顣
оϮ֮ʱһա
ݳܷصסҹǹؼ
Ħ̸չϪʿߣʱ˿̣ؾҪɹܵϮмһġ
ѸٴȥȫǽƻϨֽһ˹ϲմ˱͡
Һ뷢
ǡ
һұϢ¾ơ
᯴ĶŶŸĦ̵ĶҲűɫԽԽܿͳɫ֮Уҹû۶Ļ⣬ŨҪѺҹѬɸŨظɫʡ
ۿŽ᯵ĶҪѾ׷ʱЩ˺Ȼʧˣͬһ㣬ʧããҹɫ֮С
Ħ̵ĶʧȥĿ꣬һʱЩ֪룬ֻͣ½Ų򶨴ѹ
ۿҪٳ£һ£ȼ͵ļأ뷢
ݳûһ߹ѹѹĳһļžΨһֻֻŻ
²˱Уˣǵʹ˻ɢ̱ǵζûлĿļڵϣȼ˴ƬĲݵءѾʼңֹסǰĲܻб治巽
˿
һǶĶˡ
ǰʮͬ˵Ħ̽ͽʳȡԲħĹأЩͽϸأֻʳ㼫пܻȸ۵֢״ҹäĿ
ԣҽڵƻȫϨ
ȻЩͽֳֻѣããҹ֮УȻͷת
ۿ죬ʿԣҲ·Ż˹ƵʣޣʡŵòС
Ը꣬ƳһƽĿתĶųµľ䲻һȥ߽Ӧ
һ㶣Ѹ׹ɱȥ
ţһˮţаˮǶΪţͨղ֪ˮϵĴȻѾĥƶŹرգڴդȴ֪ĿҲµòǶϨ˻ѳǱȥˡ
ʱѾֹͣ˽֮⣬ЪϢ
˳¥صţѾˡ
һʪ͸һһΪ档
ޱؿһۣʳ档
꣬ЦˣҲԡ
ʮƣ
̲סʣʲô£ôã
ңãȻ˵޹ء

 47 

ʮ
ʱĦѷ˶ηڶνһأ˵׼Ȼϴθӳ㣬һˣս쳹ݣĴĻ̻̣Ҳⲻ˺£ȴֻǿ򶨣ŽָӹҺóڼػԣó¥ϵĹսʱһλ˵о
սʱѾף˶һҹûкۣȴЪϢѷ֮ʱæʿĴѲ飬ֵϼžƽеĹҲڼ䣬κû׼Ͻ֣ܵóԣܵùнаι
ʽô졣
ʳеһͳһƷַ
ôش𣬲ôͲЩϰ췴ô
ȴòΪȻ̲飬ҲǸǳԵͷʱˡ
ͻȻ뵽Ϊʲôõص
ǹ˭֪ǻضãֻҪסʳʤϣ
᯽ڵʳеһ𱣹ܣÿɳԺеɮ˸ƣƶƽַ
˾Ȼ⵽˲ٸ̵ķ飬ȻڷǳʱڣǾΥɷãڽץ˼ͷµ˱ܿû
Ħ̵ĽڼפҲǿأӰ˼죬ǰڴһĵϢ
Ԯˣ
㶼̹λ˷ʲǰԮ
ݳڿӽʱ԰սסе᯴´ССĹԱǰӭӣΪ׵ȴһƺǲмһˡ
̬ȣҾ֣㳯˿һۣԱվ¼²ξҵɻæչѹλ̹մˡǲŮ˵λ
ҵͷԭˡ
׼ûȴСĳ˳ҡ
͵ۿᯣ֪α飬һ̧ͷȴǡöĿ⣬ºΣæͷȥ
ȻȴȻܹоһĿ⣬þõע

Ԯѷչսݳھݻ
ͬʱΪ˷ֹĦͽûңҲʼһ棬ڰջֳƬʮΪʲΪ顱֪ΪĦ̷ߣʲһ棬ɳְɢҥԣĦѷˡ޹ʸУΨԹ[®ӽŮвΪ˵ǶԴˡض֧壬̽γԸͣ䣬ԳԹġֱǳ˵ħݰ˫ع֮£Ȼ֮ͬУ׷׵ٸҷ˲ٰصĦͽʱ˳ڼϸӦϵǻ
Ȥǣսʱڽ᯽άŽڼΰУݳڷκʱԵøΪȻÿȫӶһ£ŮæغȵԷʱ򣬴Ҿ;ۼſڣȴʩࡣ
ÿ˵Ŀͳһ䣬ӣѲʱȻܿһЩ󲻵ƽ;
ЩҵȻͬ˼ҵĺһڵʵʵİŸɻȻڴ̫һϡ࣬·˼ϵζ
֮䣬ҲûӺͷ
ǻڻ㱼Ǿ仰
Īߣȳɣˣͯˣԡʣӽ顣

Ȼþ
ʮһ£š
㶼̹ʲĦѷսգȴù£أ֮£Ħȴ׳ӦԽ¾ͬʱռϪ򡪡
Ϣ̲סŭ
ȺûõķóԺסôãȻĦǰں֮ڣ
ˣλܣʵǡڶ࣬⼸ֲ֪ĶŪྫ
رСΨֽ䴥ŭ
᯵Ľҿ⣬Ѿ࣬Ϊ¾ϻغɨƽѷˣȻôӣ˹Ӧǰݺ⣬ֻϢݰնսĥûġ
ͬʱڼɽգȴҪſڳԷսǼճ־õȥжʳҲҪɽյģοҵ˽⣬ݳԭڻʳϴδҲֻܳ£Ҫ˵оҲҪˡ
Ϊˣ᯶͢ϱ֧Ԯ͢Ҫڻ¹ͯУմͬĵսפǧ֮ң֮⣬͢ɢ˲ٱɽͬɽĲݿЩ׽⡣
ԣÿֻ࣬һֽغء
ʶսֽϳÿÿ˵Ŀʡʳȹӡ
һձһյϡȥǵ֣Ӥ򼢶ҹޡ
ˣݳڵİҲһֱȴţϣţĳһ죬ּܹһʤϲѶ
ȻԸΥٽĩʱǴһجġ
ʮһ¶ʮգ㶼̹ж
ܿ죬Ħֻ̽һټϢӣԺʥԪ֣ù˧ԽΪԺϷȣ˸ĳĴΡ
˧ɱ¾ѾΣȻ͢Ԯȴδ˲һµ
ڳڣʳ꣬ϡѾ˲òĴѰҰˣĸ޼仳ؽȴ򲻵ʳвɫ
ҲפˮһսȻѷʵ̫࣬һµʱﾹ׳ʮ˵Ĵ˭֪ҷԹѵڣʤ΢΢
ۿҪѹԮǲֻҪƳǡ
᯼Ԯظȴ֡ء
ء
ء
ء
ֱԮΪֹ

ݳĻʼһΥ
ҵǹ¥ѲӣͻȻżζ΢ȣӳ¥֮ƮʻĿڸ˲Ժиգй٣ûдʳ
ң˶ˣҶԾʿˮ̽ͷȥѰԴͷ
ܿ죬Ǿͷ־֮ңĵطۼһƬѹѹȺ
Ħ̱ٳѾǵһΣȻҸҪй׼ȴĲѵصʿͨգлвٸͺͯЩһ·ϻЦǰ˳ʳƮ硣
ΪԼˣ۾ͷٿֵȷǰմųʳ
İգ
Ϊʲôųʳ
ѵԮˣ
ҵԴͷΪ֮ȸԾ
ȻʱҺȻ֣֧ɰɵĶǰ棬һϤӰ
ŸͷŰ£ԶԶȥƮһ㡣
Ҳɴ۾

سǵʿҲϳˣɧ
ǲô
ô
ǲǸͳԵˣ
ţгϲãȻѽ϶ΪΣĴӢۡ
ҵȴ˰أĦͽʱͻȻֻ֣߲ơ
ǺЦһʱȰ뿪˵ʮΣգǻ͸ŲУҵʱΪұ᯴Ȼ˵ȴЩжָ֪ĦҪݡ
˵Ǹʱ˵һḮԺİŽ֮£Σ֮ʱԱȴ֪ʲô
˼⣬ȴͷʼ˵
ݵİš
ȴش
֮۷أУȴòһձʳ伲ˣ͢һζ⼸꣬ʯ֮ʹʧ˱磡
ԹӱӦȻʥɥ־ż鳼ճɫȮ֮Уù𢡢ڲˡЩضˮֻϣŭԹ֮֮֮֡ʱֵƣ
˵ţ΢ͣһ£ٿʱЩ
ԣҽģ˳Ӧ⣬𣡵ҽ֮ضɱһ̰سмͽ污Ϣʹξڣ˷ʳҵǷƽȣи£
䣬İҲߺܿ죬ĦӪҲͬĺ
Ƿƽȣи£Ƿƽȣи£
ԽԽԽԽ·Ŀ쳹ֱ˶졣
¥ϵʿסˡ
Ҳסˡ
һ̣ˣΪʲôҪϧؽڹٸǰʩ࣬ΪʲôˮĿԲΣˮȥǸͯĿֻһǾǣ
ΪݵġˡӢۡĦ̡ģ

 48 


ʮ
ʿǵϿ˶ҡ
ϰѹե֮ӣ⼸ʯ֮ԽԭͶԳ͢Ļڣǰ߷ʹ⳯͢ӹܣĴʲôǷƽȣи¡Ȼ˵ĺøС
ʶ˵ȥæһӹ֣ⶣ˼ɣҪ˵İա
ӳͷ׼˳ȥ
״Ųæȥɱ˿ȥ˶ˡ
һѶӳ¶ɫ䡣
һץס˼أɵúִֻɳ档
ҾӸ£ڳ¥µЦţͷһ֮ҪйǼ䣬ȴȻתͷŰѸٳ롣
ЩĪֱ˲⡣
ԭˣʳȴԭء
ȻǸȦףʿǵĿ⻹̲ס۽
׼ΥԾãҴܿȴֺڡ
Щʲô
ֻ̫̫塣
ʵΧͷ˭ֲˣ
ЩԼʱɳ͢ѾˣôࣿȻڳų͢ʲô취
Ҫɵ£Ħ̵Ĳ߷ơԮͿ쵽ˣֻҪԮˣһжõģ
ŬʿҲԼȴûһ˻Ӧ

ϣѹҹ˾ʱȴĲ£ĴѲ顣յļϰľٶ߻־ʹϳԷʱ˶ڳһ᯽Ҽǿҹ»춯
ߵˮ·ʱͻȻƳӰһ
վסôҪȥ
Һǳ⣬ûͣ½ŲɱæԸȥ׷ҹɫչ׷
ԼһӵĹѺ˻ˣʪģԭ˰ͨˮţûˮ֮ڴĽդʵǹ̶עǿԿǰЩӣˮ˳ӵһ
ǰˮһǱļһ˳ͨˮӳȥ
ֻǣΨиڲԱ֪֪ģ
ֿ˿ˣĴһƽգܾν죬ҷԸ˸ϸ֪һȡ
ǡͥ
Ƴһۣг
ұ֪Ȼû뵽Ȼ˸ˡ
ͥ˾ԺСҲǽ᯵ı֣ҺƢθһμûˣټ˳档
ҴԼѾµ밵Ŀģȴʣ
˵
ȴݸһţǴѳġ
ҲһݳǷĵͼ
ҪͶУ
Ǹٲȴݰڲˣֱ޳
Ҳŭ˺˵ͼϣΪٲȴͨѹӦһȣ
ȴȻʲôһȣװģҲǸСЩٵĲʮǧΪҲ֪ĦȻЩٵģ޲óƤնɱɶͨȴõúܣ˶бԣ˶֣ȫڮٵЩΪ˱ȫԼȴɴ̣˶ˣ֪򲻹ͲţҲôҳԱҪôΪԼӲȥȻҲ׼ӣҪһô
ס죡ҺȵԸ̶ס˵͡
Ȼȴһŷſ˻
ţʵײͿˣûôڣһֱƭǣˣתΪҪᣡ
æָӼְۣ˽ŵذס׶졣
ǣһ̧ͷȴΧаۼ
¹ҿֻѹѹģΧ۾Ź⣬·ҪƵģֱ
ô
ʡ
˵ô
ûйô
ƭô
뿪˵Щʲôȴ·ĪĿ־סԾ˼
ȴ𽥱ƽ
ڰУ֪˭ҵĺӴͷһ䣺ҶҪԷſǻ
ܿ죬ҲŽ
Ȼ󣬳Ҳʼˡ
һʱ䣬е˶ںУԽԽ죬ǵԽԽңǻʧصıԵҿԴĵķŭͿһквأָͻữݳɣҲС
ۿƾҪƲס
ͻȻ䣬ֻһѰ졣
һ̣ʵҹա
˶ֹͣ˺Ծ̧ͷȥ
᯾վڸ߸ߵĳ¥ϣҿı飬ȴƺüͷºܴľġ
Ȼþȫ֣
֡


 49 

ʮ
š֨¡죬ֺصĴű۷ǻƿһʳ˳ʳܶ࣬״ŵʮֶʵƺҪ۷ǵļѹ䡣
ΧդĴվʿ־ٻѣءΪ˷ֹ˳ҽֲάֳڵİȫ
ۼٸܵİնۼĿ⾰󣬺ǰˣҪӴսȥкӱȺѹÿǰ򲻶ϱƵǰȥдʿά򣬵Χ۵ȦӻԽԽС
ʱ򣬳ϵ鷢ˣȺв֪˭ͻȻһô
ܿ죬Ӧ
ʡ
ûлشɫޱ
Щ˵òӦֵԽǿʼʿͼԽդ
ĻУʿƵײһ۷۷ʱʧȥģˤڵϣϱŵҲ֮䡣
ֻáˢһĲѿһڣ׻˲ѿڴ֦ͷϵĻѩ㣬ÿһϸ΢䣬ڵϣţɳɳ죬ͬһֵĺϳ
ʱ䣬Χžе˶˵ĿתĿ⾰
ףף
СܿŴ󣬻ΪȸԾ
ԭףף
ԴݱΧǵδ˸ǡ
ʱԺﴫ
ڳԵ˾Υ׷䲻ȴѾʮѵá
ÿ˶ܸˣֻнһδ˿ʣһ춼ûпڸ˵˫üطʤӼֱһʱ׼ѳߡ
֪£ʲôϢ벻ڴֻ̽õ֪
ΣٸѾɹģµΣȥֻԮʳľ֮ǰϵˡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôһǾиڣƺʲôǳؼ⡣

ҹʱ֣ͻȻѡ
ǱجΣǱԼͷˡ
ڰΰѼǸˤʱΣʱҵĿ⼯ڵϣԶֻǴԵƳһۣټɫڵģûע˵òŷ֣ԭⲻǱˣƽ
֣ΪʲôƫƫȥᣬСˤˣ
ԽԽҲסˣ֡
ƽ￴أڸæˣ˷Ըû˭Ҳ׼
һƿֱ˽ȥ
Ȳ浽ųȻȥȴֲµĴӲģ뵾֮Ķྶͥ
ʲô
ƽͷ˵
ұ֪˴𰸣ʱ˰أͬʱһǻŭ
ôȥˣ
ſԣɻȴֲ֪ôȥ
˵㡭޹ء
޹أ
Ȼ˵޹أ
ЦܺãԼȥʣ
ĻȻǽ᯹ݵһϷʵݳѵ
ͥ˵òƭңƭݳڵǧա
ԭ¡

 50 

ʮ
ҹȴһ·񱼣Ÿ⣬Ҫҽһһʸ
˵ĵϢΪȶģôΪʲôҲţ
ôĹڽжʧģһʼû˵
һʼΪʲô˵ƫҪϵΣͲ֪һᱻ𴩣ûйôǿɹΣôأأһϴݰֽάϵ
Ҹϵ᯵Ĺۡûеƣտյûһڡ
ôˣ˶ȥˣ
Ҵɻ󴩹ڰȣֶ鷿ﻹŵƣæŽȥɻǲ᯵Ӱ
ѵ˵ʲô
˼Ƭ̣طơ
ʱȻע⵽鰸ϷһֻĽУҼǵֻӣΪ۽᯵鷿˶ٻңΨǱõһȾ
浽׷ʲôϧ
̲ס򿪣ĶȴӲסˡ
һ֣׳ʿνѣɶˣȴʮºͣ񾲡
Īߣȳɣˣͯˣԡʣӽ顣
ǻؿݣҵּľֻдΣһǧļ۸һд㵱˺ȥôһʲô
ϸֱ棬ŷ־ϸСƣǱƴϺúȥġ
ԭձ˺ٵǷ֡
ȻΪʲôΪʲôҪŪ޲ΪʲôСղأ
ҵ˼Щң㱼䣬մžˮдµյĴʱؿݡ
Ǹʱϵ֣ŴЩƣǺһ뵽˴ǰô
Ȼѹ
ʲôģսթ֪Ҫڵĵ֮ҵ飡
æİѾؽЩֱŭƺһǶ˫һ
ҲԽԽ׳ӣҰѽӻذͷתȴʼܹסɨͷž˲ٶ
ҿЦʶɻϸ룬㿴һֻڽűߣ¶طɫʰ쵶͸߲觵ɡ
͵ؾһ¡
ҵɴ۾æ쿴
ûд
⴮飡
ﲻĶ

Ķָⲻ΢΢
⴮ҵ̨ɽĸɮãＸʮ꣬ӲһǰϪУȴôᵽ˽
һؼǵãߺǶɣץŽ᯵½ڲ˵ڡ
˵ڣ
˵
Ȼ䣬ͬһ㣬ȻʧЦ
㾹Ȼ˽᯵ĻôĻѵˣձɣǱıɱΣôܾ
Ϊ㣬һֱƭֱ¶Ŀ˭ܱ֤ƭ֣
˵һΣȻеڶΣΣôôɵڻϲնģ
˵лйΪҪˣ
˵ﲻ;ÿ԰ˣ
ԳĴЦޱȾЩɳܵĻԣһһαƭԼ
Ųǽ᯵ĽŲְѷսعͷȥվſڣϱһ֪ʲô
ңһſڣãԭ
վʣʲô£
˵㿴һ
ʲô
˱֪ˡ
ҾȻûȥվ˳ȥұֵƽԼе˼顣
һ·ϣ᯶ûеƣںڰдУҲ֪ȥηȴǰС
װ̫ƬҪֻʣ˼
ǷӲȴڽ᯵˵һͲ鵽䡣
ǣôʱΪʲô˵ΪʲôʼձֳĬ
Һʧȥ˸תʹĻᣬңҪЮңȥһֱ
ȴûô
ˣƭ˵ﲻС
˵ʲô
ڣ
ٿأһֲͷӲ̽
ͬһ㣬ͣ½Ųԭء
ĺˮʪģ಻ĲҪš
һˡ
ҪЮǲҪЮ
ˡ

 51 


ʮһ
кһӣ߲·λƵĸڽ᯺棬·Ư
겻ᣬק𣬴ţ빵ļܸ
ܣҲ֪æشʲôĿģҪѯʣȴߵܵһţǽһ¶һ
ƿţȥ
ƵľʽŲɡ
ҪʲôҶվԭأٳٲ϶
üͷûнͣȴȻץҵ֣һͬʱ³ҵСɨȥ
⧲һóѣһŵ˽ȥЩϵĿݰڵأֱ˺üվȣҪͷ顱һ졣žȻˡ
һأһƬһתſڳȥȴײһ˵壬ԭ᯸һˡ
ᯣץ½ŭ𣬡㵽Ҫʲô
䣬˷ӿͬںڰеĹ֣һ£ظͬľӣ˶Ĥ죬·ǧͬʱѣΨбͣ壬ȴ糱ˮ㻺ȥ
һж³ʱ򣬽ڿڣô
ȴںڰޱŹƻͬ㶨סҵΡ
ո˵ʲô

Լؿھҵ
ûлشֻȼܡ
ߡ

һܰӼԶĵطк紵һ졣缤ҵػζµӰŤɹɲ̬ͬħĿ񻶡
û߼Ϩˡ
ֵ˼Σķ紵㲻ȼץҵ֣ӡ
ڵÿ£۾ȴʲôұ治巽ֻøǰС
صͨδ
Ҫȥ
ǷǸط
зʲô飿

̫ںڣʣ÷Ȼĵȴһ˵Σ˭ܱ֤ⲻǽ᯵һԣһƭ֣
ڻûҲĬ˾ôţͬڰ˷Ȩ
֮÷·ûоͷ
Ȼںڰ޷׼ȷļʱţȽȴʼһʹ
Ȼֱ治巽򣬱ɴƣı۾ɽץǰ
ϳ˷ֻõŲžડžડ̤ʱţɣҲרࡣ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻع񣬲ŷԼڲ֪ĲǰС
ûɵһ󱯰
ʱҲŲͬĽǰС
Ԫڵϡ
ҹѾˣȴմӺӱ߷ˮƻ
صƲڱ¹⣬кѹѹһƬѹţֻ΢ĵƻǵ㡣
дʪĺ⣬ֳûĴ˵ҵҲ﷢ëץԱ˵֣Ƿů׳
ǸʱŲй
ҡҡͷ
ɻΪʲôţ
ĬƬ̣Цˡ
йΪҵĻһζǰ᣿
⻰˵ѹȴ֪οڰοֻץҲŲ֡
ǺŲӣС߹ߵͲƽĿ·
ţ¶ˣϣϸϸӰӡ
į
һȥӰӣһ㶣Իػ
׷ŶԷӰӣһ·Цֵܻ˼ҡ
ȥЩǵʱͬһӹԺӯؿڣȴˮ¾һϸϸ׷ѰģӰ
ʵǵΣ
Ѫ£˽ⲽأѵʲôתأ
ԳЦסԼֵ˼

Ժ˺ܾá
ЩԼԶصʱҰڳһ˿
İңԶǰ
᯼ӿ˽ŲҲϣľͷ
ʯӷ϶͸Щ΢Ĺ
ûн̸һԲĿʼʯһ飬һ飬һ飬ֱĳ糱ˮһӿ˽ȿֺȲ
Ҹеһۣæ˫ۣһ
峿
ҸŽصܣһƮϸϸİѩﾡɽ͡
⾰ɫΪ죬ǡ룿
᯵˵ͷתһԲĳɽȥ
Ϊһϣȴԭأֻ۾ϵİ
뵽ġ
Ϊʲô᯺ö˶˵׼ô
ΪʲôҪҹʹΪ֪ĵص
Ŀֻһ
Ҫߣ
ݣսңӵȫĵطȥ
ԣֿ֪ѾûйȴҪϷʲôðգ
ԣ֪Ƴ֮Ѿǰȴ̸ʲôͬȶģ
ô࣬˱£ȫΪԼŪڹ֮УؼΪıǳ˲עʱʹصԶ߸߷ɣ
ڵóˣһо⡣
Ѿݳ⣬ֻҪ룬ȥϴűװ׾ٵĻ뵱ذ֮УʱҲû˻֪˵ĵϸ
İض˲ѹĽһû֮ݣֲ̼û˹ְЩҵطң
Ƕõһ׮Ƕһ⣬ʵӦֽкòǡ
ᯣܸ˱ľϲ
ָЦ
᯻عͷüͷ
ôߣ
ֹסЦֱĶ۾
Ҫǣ
ûлشɫȴȥ
Ҫǡ
ظһ飬һβʶǿ϶
۾ͷؿڣôȥҶ
Ϳݣ³ǧգЩ˵
кһû˵̧ͷ
Σ
ĸ֣򵥵ȴ˲ԼĶ䡣
ԴЩ¡
ŵĵǰˡ
ٳƽ˾ĿǰݳĹԱ֪ݣ˽ⷽˮİգԣӦñκ˶ԼлὫǧںεȾأ
ΪΪԼΪ⣬ѣøֻԺͽڶƭ֣ȴû뵽Ȼôˣϵƽ볹ף·ԭ쾭顣
ٿأˡ
ǰ˵ıѱ쾭壬ôˣ
᯵˽ɶ֮ǰӦģֻǣͷĵĳطȻԥŲԸš
벻ˣطʡ
вĿ
Ƥһ̧ͷﵽ
ش𣬾ֱɽ·ϵȥ
ԥҧȥ

ɽ·᫣ҳԽϣѩԽĵܿʪ˳£ʪĸо͸·Ŵ̹ǵĺ⣬ֱꡣ
Ѿƣߣȴƣֱͣ˽Ų
վعͷһۣȴ˵
ʱһֲõԤУ̧ͷȥֻǰһ£ûǰ·Ҳֻ̣вѩʶ״ȴҵĺľ
ǡضѣ
ģģڰҵذοԼ
һ̣ȴ˽᯵

һ˵һһѷĹȥͳͬȴشҵĶ
ʱ䣬ֻʲôըѪҺͬһ㣬ͷĿѣҲ嶫
Ϊʲôһ
Ҫȥô
Ϊʲôֹǰ
ﵽ
Ҳ˼Ĵ𰸣ȿƲסĶ£ǿ־壬ǰһжôĲУеİϷҲҺʱҲᷢԼúݳ
Ȼıűѩϣͬǧ֧ϸСļأ˵Ļ룬ȥ
Ǵڽ
ס
˵

ǰ˿ͬٴδ͸㣬Ĵʹ
һضͣ£عͷֳ˵Щʲôҿ촽ڶȴ
˷Ұ󣬲ѩ
վһƬ֮Уֱ˫ֺ߬½ҪȴƲסʹͣſУ⼷ѹţ·ʱҪǻѿ
Ŀʹ޷
û˵û
ûѣҲûаˡ
ûϣҲû롣
ƬСҲݡ
ĸ󣬹硭ϣѾʲôûˣʲôʣ¡
ǽᯰһд߶ߣ
ǽ᯽һһ˺ѣ
ĵһ
˵Ҫɱ
Ҫɱ
Ҫɱ
ͬھ

 52 

ʮ
Ҫɱ
ͷһ̳ȥ
վĵطֻм֮ңֻҪһƣȥˤǡ
ɱ˳
ȴѾʲôںˡ
ֻҪ
ҳ˹ȥ˺ݣþȫ
ҲǸоɱڽӴǰһ̣ͻȻͷˣһѸÿ
һУҪȥɽһ˲ʧȥƽ⡣£ҵȻ˫ڿкһ˼£ȴֻץźҶ֦辡
ϸ֦޷ѹžž۶ϡ
ҲУֻȥ
Ǹ˲䣬ԴտҲʲô벻
۾
յľɫӡ˫֮УƲܺ񣬲̫ɫĺͬĻһ㣬ֻѩǾӨİף£Ұ
УɫҶ
ڶϺХ
һ飬Żڵϣȴ׹
ǸоЩ衣
ôֱȥǷĻǣ
Һܿͻ֪𰸡
Ȼʱһֻ͵סҵ½һұǰȥײһ
ɫҶӺ
¡
Ƭ֮Уסңأأӵ͸żȵĿ־塣
ٵĺ˺һ𽥼ᡣ
֪ң޲úͬھ
Ҷߵ
һһЩҪ㡣
Ҿδ㶵صȴ
˼΢ɿ֣ҵķժ¼ƬɫҶȻ̧ͷҵ۾
ǵʮʱǸľô
̲סЦ
ôǣ
ʮ꣬뽭᯴ģܷΪѱ
һеĿˡ
ûľ֣ô壬ôûľ֣λ彭᯵նģûľ֣òӴĲĦѾģ
һеһУΪľ֡
ҵȻǵá
ǡ
ḧҵӣ㻹ǲǵʱĶע
ûֻ֨ɻ󲻽Ŀ
ǲǵãǸʱӮˣӦ㿪ģ
ǵĶע¸ǣȻȴڴʱᣬǳʲôĿģ
ҵʣؿڣǸŵһֱ֣ԣڣҪΪ顣

Цɥݳô޹µȻ˵ʲôҪҿģ
ȴûҲмļЦԹԵĿˡ
һ顣
أ·һѳǰȻȻ
֪һֱңأϧͬھԣ㱣֤ӽҲˣԶٳǰԶ
Ҵ׽Żеĺ⡣
˵Զ
Զٳҵǰ
֮Ļĳλһ
ҲԵɵЩݡ
Ȼܿ죬ݵ飬Ȼ
ǰҪܵȻǶһķ㣬ѵָ۲ɣ
Ҫ䳰ȷȴס˿ڱǣ˵ȥ
ֹסſ֡
ڶ顣˵ҪһϢƽ£˰꾩
ʱסˡ
ƭˣ
ͷĵһӦ
Ҳţֲһ䡣
ҰͷǴǴصϢ룬ӦѾˡ
ҲԾеķ顣
ﻹúõģ˵ﻹúõģ
ϲöȻҲͬʱѸټۡ
ôĿĻô
û£ΪʲôϢΪʲôƭĹأ
ҵ⻹ûгڣȴ
ǵ꣬Ҹ˵Щ󣬱ȡô
ҵȻǵá
ƻȵ׵ǶʱҲпļ䡣
ǸʱҲָ֪ʲôֱܾԺףҪԭһֻӥһֻ߾¶ȴӥһֻҲ޷ӥ
Ȼ͸ղŵĻȫ޹ϵһʱҲԡ
ȴŵ
ܶʱҶ룬һҲҵĴ
һֱǸ߸ϵӥýţôţôκ˵ͷκˣ̫Ҫ㣬ϧ۶ĳֱԺŷ֣ôͬʱҲֻٵ㰮ҵĿܡ
ϣᰮκˣᰮᯡ
Ϊ·ҴһʼѾѡԽߣԽԼĳԣҴ̫̫࣬ԶҪͷҲѾˡ
ʵҲǸ緢ҪģԣɽһʹֻߣҲˡ
˵ţչңѩ촽ϣڻĸоӿҵĸй٣΢΢ĿɬȻſңЦˡ
Ǳȴ·ڿޡ
顣
һơ
˵ڣҰѳ򻹸㡣

 53 


ʮ
һƣұȥ
˫뿪˵棬Ҳܲ
ɫҶĺ߸߷ͬѪ㣬һƬãİɫޱĿҪҵ۾
̵ص֮Уǽı顣
Ź⣬Щģֻ΢΢΢Ц
ȻЦ˼į˴·һ̱ữȥ
ҲԾ֡
ҪȣҲҪץסͬھֻǲԵɵҪһ飬ͻԼò˼顣
ǣֻһ˲䣬⻭ǰŶȥ
Ѹٵ׹
ˣȻû˿־塣
ǲһֽѣ
Ҳûп̹ĵĳޣҲؾʧȥ׵ʹġ
ڿԷһУúϢ
Ȼڰǰӡ˫֮еģȴȻµӰ
ԼǸȻı顣

Ҳ֪˶ã˫ۡ
ĺʹҴҵξѡ
֧壬ԼһƬѩĲݴ֮УݴԺܸߣܣ··п޴̺ӣֻڵĵطȥ
ط
һʧܣȵס
ʱֵģҶïһ裬ƻء
ǸʱΪʲôҪأ
ңЩ󣬱ȡ
뵽ҡҡλεϴ
ᯡᯡ

ȴûа
ҲģþȫֱûһͷĿѣڵϡ
ԶһҾ죬ǽᯱϵǸ򿪣ֽʣͨõģһš
ẓ̵̇ͬһ
д꾩סַ
⣬ֻһ仰˵ҴӽԺٻݣҲ֣κ¶ƽ׫д塣
ű
ֻ֡
ء
ţһ
Ϊʲô뿪
ΪʲôԼ֣
Ϊʲôκ¶ƽ׫д壿
Դһʹ̫мѹȴҲ𰸣ʱԼԼĲʲôһϸ׷Ѱͷʹѡ
ֹͣ˼
ӡ
ߵƣãȻ
ģײײ
ˣȴţţ·Դ·Ҳûб顣
ѩȻûͣЪƣһ춼ûнʳֲϤɽ·ֱɫ谵ڳ룬˲·ҵ˼ңЩһޡ
ЪϢú硣
һҹΡ

ڶգֱ˯
˯ôãȴʹѣͷص̧̫Ѩͻͻ˴ڻجج֮С
ǽҡҡλε߳ţ̸ͬս¡
ָ͢ӹܣһ̰ѹ֬࣬һȴÿȡƽȨǼݻȴӶʳĳ͢ҪҲա
Ħȴ˳ģרɱ̰ͨյǺܺã污Ϣ˶бԣ˶֡ⲻʮռʮ˼롣
ǰ˵ʧݣаȴϲؼеӭôȥֻĦҪ꾩ȥˣ
һʧˣ
ǰ
ʲôʱ£
ϣ˵ǰ֪ĳţսˡ
ǰ֪ݣ
ᯡȻͶˣ
ֿΣ
˭
ǰ֪ݣ
һ㶣û뵽һ⡣
˭֪أ˰ɣûҲˡЦ룬䵽Ħ̰мкý
ҵʹͷԼҪˡ
˵ûдݳЩ˻Թ࣬Ϊǰ֪ȻѴ̣ҲɣһֱνӦãӦ
ԣҪٺķ˼˵ϢԹ˲Ͼж
Ȼ֪ô֮Ҫ壬񣬸ϸ꾩


 54 


ʮ
Ȼ㱼䣬ȴ֪ôֻص˳
һ糣̯ߺȣͯϷ˶ŰҵȻԵõǵ˿սҵӰеĺšǷƽȣи¡
Ȼ䣬ȥȥա̰
˳ӵȥǻţѹţӿһʹҲòһǰС
УС
Ǹ̨Ħ̵Ĺ̡
ۣģնףѪ졣
ÿɱһˣȺбŷһֽкõ⻭ѪȣΧ۵ȴûһԸȥԹ޻ѹĵף̫̫񣬷·ֻ˵ַܳΪй;ڹţЩ߸ϡ̰̾ǰѪʧʹ顣
ڣһƬѪУҿǸϤӰűۼ
Ⱥʼɧ
ᯣɥ
ᯣ
ͿˣȴִҪأ
ɱɱ̰
ȺˣͶֱߵĶǰӿȥɲǼ䱻޵ĺûˤڵϡ
Լ䣬ƺ
˵ڣҰѳ򻹸㡣
̧ͷı顣
Ź⣬Щģֻ΢΢΢Цı飬Ц˼į˴ҲԾȥ
Ȼһ̣⾰㻯ںХĺʺѪҺɲǼ罦İһƬãİɫУޱĿ
ſڵϣͻȻʧʹޣԤףĪ
֣Ӧá
֣ȡ
ЩʹЩ裬ЩȵѪĭЩļЦӡҵļһҲǣ˵Ź˵ҪõӦеıӦ˵ʱôģôҧгݣԸóʵӦֳƿǡ
һǿˡ
γϣ˺ѷΡ
ԼŮӵĸ
հ俰£⢡
з˾ӣ裬ĥ
ɪn⣬I⡣
з˾ӣղ⡣
հ俰£ࡣ
з˾ӣӨǣ
ɪn⣬I⡣
з˾ӣղ⡣

涵̧ͷʵ˼
˵ǽȥ
ôô㰮
ǰԼϵǸ˵ϡ
ҪǲԼˣѵʹ
˵ʹô᲻ʹ
ôʹΪʲôҪأ
Цˡ
ܲҲͲаˡ

ʱҷԼȻݳºڷߣ㾲
ΪԼں
Һθɣ
ȴμˡ
У絶ʡʹ飬ˣؿڽʹǾþ޷ɢȥ
ҽסЦ
ᯣʲô
ǰʼܾĥͷҲ׼Һù
ҲԸġ
ҷֻһͷ
ݣ

 55 

ʮ
׼ҹϻݡ
Ϊ˱ⱻϳ⻻̴£˸١
ſʱɫѾ͸ǰЩ״Ȼ෴ƺѾָе˶æµʳأ˸߲ң˿սһɻϲء
н᯲ľ񱻺ݺݵľ
Ӧô죿ȥϢ
ͷѰ˼ţһСײˡ
ҵǸҴҾߣȴץסҵ䣬һ䣺ᡭˣ
һæͷվһϤꡣ
ƽ
㣡
ɴ۾üͷǹŹ֣ҳǶôʱ˵һ׮顣
Ϊʲô㻹սѹûаͳȥ
ԿЦ֪Ӧ
֪Ѿȫǣ֪ϢȴΣ֮أһò˼顣Ȼݻ̫û˽ᣬ̫ûŪ壬Ǿʹһֻ֮һӶ˯
ƽ֪֪
ͷҧ촽ðżѵؿڣץ˵Ҫնˡ
ͷһȴֺܿ˿
Һãδʼ

˵Բ˵򷴶Ầ
ŭˡ
ʲôʱԲôΪǣƾʲôҾ͵Ҿ͵ߣҪôԼ£ֲָֻţ
ƽҰףݺݵĵҴ͸а취Ūȥ
ģ
ϻ˵
ֲңɿڣ˾͹˾ԺĵͬԱһ𡣡
ĵȥлأرܣƾҺƽҪͻΧѽŪν췽ҹ̷
ͷʹӦô죬ԺȻ֣תȾߡ
ˣҪĶȥ

Ħ֮ǰںԺǿŰŽЩǲµòⶫӦÿһ֮

Ḯ뿪㱻ãƽֽҲŽ꣬Ѹ˽ȥû̩ȻĳжһӹһǸĲһöССӡ¡
ӡ¿ȥΪ졣
֮ǰʮҵöׯǾ߱ĵʬнöܾöӡ£״һޣֻ²ʲôɺϡ
ϸ꣬ͼͨӡ²֪ͬʲôַɣ񡢿ӿݣ˿
Ȼһ˿ӡһ¡
һأڿ塣
ģһ档
ҺȻĦֳ̣ŷ¹аʥϰףûв´öӡӦþĦ̵Ȼһ㲻̫ԾǽͽⶫΪ棬ɷʮΪʲôҲУ
ѵ˵ҲĦ̵ˣ
Ⱦ
˼⣬ȴƽʣˣȥô죿
һع񣬵ȷʱޣôϸȥҷŵһߡ
ڣĦ̵֣ҪѺ᯵ĵβѣȻҪŪȴһ׮⡣
η￴ڶ࣬ǵƤ°һŪ
ˡ
һ£˲Уôأ
ֻҪᯡˣӹʱ򣬿취ʬ£һʬ壬ܱȽ㡣
֪޻֭Һʹ˼
Ȼȴи⡣
ֲҩͱϴζŪֻ֣ϧõûһʣ£ָŪ֣
ˣƽִһȥ׸ô죿
üͷЩ㣺ɣǱ·Ĵһ£Ū޻֭ԸĦǺῪֽҩĽס
޻֭
ԣһɫҺ壬ζ㣬ЩŮõ㾫ȴʹ˻˯
ƽգգ۾ȻʣĪǾϴڽ˷еƿ

ԪڵϣΪõ̰֤֭ۡʹ˯ȴСĴڵϡ
ƽЦˣⶫ֪С

ۡ

ۡԶԶı㿴ۡвˣڰææµµſĦͽŰϵʽұǰͬǴڨƽûȥ
λˡ

ôæµΪʲô
㲻֪ɣʥҪݣΪ׼齵ĸۡء
Ħ̽˳ơʥ˵ڽϺպɹײǸеװŪҳӣȻ˼ҵĵϣٲмϻǵװһϲ飺ʥ˼ҾҪݣ
˼ң
ԺȻЦһš
Ҳ죺ôˣʮǰѳΪ˼ҲΪ
ûû£һ˰ڰ֣ʥȷѾѮɿȥȴҲʮ߰˵ӣ˻˼һʱЩϰߡ
Ħ̽Ȼаŵ
Ҽʣʥμݿʲôţ
Ŷ̰Ĵ
һֵָֺܿãСһȥǲ֪ʱʼ
ʱ
ֻвһʱˣ²˳٣뾡ϵβУ
ͬ˶˼䣬ƳƽѴӹۡ˶ԻСͬϡ
ˣô
ƽеƿӵݸңҲƿǣƿڵζһڣһ̣еŵƢ
ûдȻ޻֭
ζʹԣһ죬æƿǡ
ۡô
˵ŪõİҩĴѰã׼㡣ɵȺҵˣⶫޣȴִ
һʱ˵
ᯱض֪дЧԪϵֻ⣬ôһȴ·Ϊõ˲ֶϵһ㣬ֲû
ˣͽ֮䵽ôһ£ƽʵʮСģʱ֣˵Ƕ˽ãȴܶһ˵ǲ죬ؼʱȴֱ˭ΪԷ롪
סڣʵȥˣܻغǳ⣬ôϻ
ű졣

ʱȣ²˳٣Ȼ֣жˡ
ƽӦԼһ߽η
Ŀز٣ֹȴܷɣ죬壬嵶ҲɿĹǽϣֱߵǸǰͷĲüͷһ䣺˭
λֵˣ·ǰ͡
ЦţеʳУ˹ȥ
˭
ˡ
˵£ʱԱһ˴ôû
ЦСδʽ̣ݣӦǸλţ뿴
˵ţͳΪöӡ¡
˳һʥ
ԭʥ˵ֻĦ̸߲ве֤ұΪǿƣû뵽ǷСӡ
ô˵ׯʬöͷʮҵöҲǣ
Ϊ׵״ұȭλֵܣŵˣҲ֪ݣδЩ
ǫػӦ̸ոƳǣʱδȶӦСЩʵСǰΪλҪѲЩץ̰Щ˾Ҫն˵ģȴҲѱҹû
ǣλֵ˵ʹǰȥ
˼ӣҲǰӣԽ˼æƵĴҽȥ
˿ץеСңͷװ޻ֻ֭ȹҵԸС
˭֪Ÿ˼һͨ
鵽
ˣͣ½ŲͷӭӣҾܲģҲòת
ڽ͵ۿȥһ۵˽ȥͨī˳Ϊ顱ӦþǷ׷ġ顱ˡ
ӭǰȥôп
վҪն̰
⻰￩һ£ֱҪ¡
ȻæصǲıϰⲻҲλСֵѲ顣
䣬Ŀ⳯
Ȼ㲻ֻЦվ񣺡μˡ
˵ģ

Цϸݣ֪̰飿
ҲŲæ΢΢һӣˣô˵û˼ˣ²£ѵԴϢӺζô
æԲˣԼֵܣûµģ㿴λСֵϻ˵ʥ
Ŷɨһֻۣӡȥ
Ƭ̣ͷȷʥ
ҸҪɿȴ˭֤Ķ
˵ʲô
ǰʦԪ׷ɱͽгһʱŪԼʥΪ˻ʥѵλô춼ˣ
һ㶣Ǿʬöӡ£ԭô¡
ô˵ˣ
Ϊץסҵţ⡣
˵ɣĶӺζðʲôĿģ
ֻ̾һˣ㶼Ƿ֮ǰˣ

Һãϵдһ⣬ǰһ˵дʵڲţʸԡ
ҵУ΢΢ͷʲô
˵ʱʱ죬է֣Ѿһץذ׼Ĳӡ


 56 

ʮ
߬ذףı䣬ˮʪĸоʹһִ·ʱض̫֡ĲϣôĹĶƺҲɵݵҵġ
˵᯹
еΪҪЮݺݵĳǷʡ
⡭
Щԥ
ȴЦԭǸģҲ룬ΣѵΪԼܵǹƥĴӳȥ
һЦذֳ˰֣ҪǶλ治Ҫ˵ˣ
ѪȻ˳˳ŵ棬䵽űߡ
ڣɿڣʮһ䡣
Կأ
ڡ
СĵһԿףһץӵͬеϵСҵһơ
ܺãˣ߰ɡ
ҽٳʣһһηȥ
һ˵ζԽԽǷƺйĶѪȣù븯ã֯壬һ䶾䣬ʹпѪȵΪʵ
Ŀ£˵ܹʹֲ࣬һӲô࣬ԭһطס˫ۣƾҲ˲
ᯣᯣ
ҿĵ׵ľ⣬һηĿһ󺰡
ŵηͻأ㤣͹졣
һʼûл
Ȼܿ죬ǱɧԼͬΧ֣ûᣬɧԽԽ죬۳ɺصĺҵжϣֲ浽ûн᯵
ҽٳһȥ
ƹ谵ӣҳһࡣ
ʱȣϵԽԽΣգеȴߵĥĥ䡣
ұĥûԣսԵͷȴһ
ӡ
ֻ¶أûĺ
ѰȥԶһĴš
İУֻóһΣȴһ۾˳
ᯡ
ȥ˻ߣҪô
ôֻʲôûץеԿȥ
ǴԿںڰдŽĹ󣬴ΧڿлһߣֱĽűߣһͬµģȻвСҡ
ԿףԿףǷˣȿֺطȥңԿ׸ҡ
ΨȴվԭӲȥ˭Ҫ
ҴŭôҲ֪ͷһۣһ֮оٵﶼ˳ᯣHӹĸҪ
Ƭ̺ڵͷһ۽űߵĶʱӦȥ
˿ϲЩɡ
һ֮䣬ͻȻ᯾ֵĺ
Сġ
ľɻӦӱ㱻ȫһͬһŻ¸кʹʹͬʱ̶ϵ˫ֱذױžһڵأһ룬㷴ҵ֣ѹڵء
ꡱһֱ۱˾ʡ

ĵʹϮһҽС
˵ļϸ
һʣһְҵһ첲ס
ΪʲôҪȽᯣ˭ָʹ
۵ü˵Ϻˮ
ЩĦͽ޹ǣµûˣҪֻܹעһ
ҽΪס֡ɱ
һ㶡
ɱ
شЦ˺Ҽܾ衭Ҫ㡭ͬھ
Ŷ
ȻȥȤ
ҳûĶԹһһ߷£
ԡһʱѪծṡֻҪһղʳ֪ζҹܰޡڡСռ̡Ҵ˿̲ɱͻԶʧȥˡг˵㡭ô
Щ̫̫飬˵Լ㲻⾿ģһʱȨ֮ơ
꣬Ը£ȴȥ
ʯͷ˵أϾͬĸֵܣֻҪŵݣӦÿԱסҲѾõ޻֭թ󣬾ҲڣҲƽӦӦûʲô⡣
ѺվҲŷֱѾ亹ʪһƬ
һߵüգҿﵽĿġ
ȻʱȻһЦ
飬вĹ˵ϵͨУ֪ݽСʶϵǱѰ㿴ҧгݵ˵ô࣬ʵȫϷ
תͷȥ˵Ǹ˾ͥ
ԭҲ
ڰץͶвɣڱץռնضǣڼңȻҪץ汳ֻ㲻㣬˾
ˣһץסҵ½󣬶ݺݵʣ㡢ա᣿
޷ֻóϡ
߬ˣؽ죬̺ޱȵĳŭ
Ȼᣡ
ֲһۿ;㲻Ծ
ģûһö


 57 

ʮ
һȭߺұϽηΪĦе̰Ȼ㲻մˡ
η棬ƹİǽʪйõľͰɢŶһéݺƲ̡
ſڵϣֵĹؽڻûнϣĴԣֳֻ壬ϵéʪܣ廬ĸоģ֮еëȻһطҲ֪˶ԩꡣ
ǽ֪Ƿɺϣǽ᯵ηһǽǽЩϸСķ϶߻谵ҿӣȴ

𣡣
ԸˣԸˣ
һһߺ޺޵ǽڣôһһһ£͸ǽϸ΢𶯴ҵıġ
Ҳ˵ҲΪ޷
˵ĺܶԣԼúЦö˶˵Ļ޹û֣ȴҪѧʲô
οҪٵĻǸᯡ
ҺôңȴΪһȪ֪ô˵ֻ֪ô˵
ţȻʧЦЦҲ֪α顣
һҪ㼸⡣
ֹͣˣһͳ̾Ϣ͸ǽڵķ϶Ҫʲô
Ϊʲôݣ
ݳƣҪΣӵһʱӵһ
ȥӭУ
ѾôȥҶĦ̽ٻܾЩա
ĻһһǳҪ顣

Ĭţûлش
һ顣
ãڿڡ
һʼûй
ҳһôǹٲʳĶȥˣ
ǰ
껴Ϻ֣˶෢ݱΧֵ¡ʳȱ˵ֵҲпԭȻҷѽǽ᯵̬ȣҪˣΪʲôʵ˵ΪʲôҪƭңƭȫǰգ
ԭ򣬻شҵȴһĬ
ĬΪԼԶҲ𰸡
ĩˣ˳Ĭ
Ħ̵˵ʳ
˵ģ棬ҵĹӡ
ˣֲý᯻Ҳ¶ƽ׫д壬ֲòϧҲϸֿϢ
ҵĴһжҵĴ
ҲΪ٣Ҳ뽭භܸĦµż㲻ôŵУҲ׵ıĦ̵ߣݸݡ
ţЦ˳
ǸʱΪʲôȥ٣
ʱ֣ʱҴǹ٣һл᲻ͬ
ҵӥ˵ҲЦˣ˿ɬǲɣӥô

 58 

ʮ
ҹȼ͵ƣĻ
ϴް죬ʱʱƹЦںڰɢ־壬
ʪǽŴ
գе˾Ҫ
ˣȴûΪԼΪеٺںͰգҲڱ֮ǰĵ׵ĳѾԤϵֽ֡
ֻǶԲ
ô󣬲ûТҪ׷ͺڷˡ
ӡǲҪҲա
ţұŶͷЦˣЦ꣬ƣؿǽڵķ϶۾᯵֡
ƵӦһôˣ
ղǸҩô
š
Ķȵ
Ϊʲô
ô࣬ųȥ͹ԹԺȵ
ǽں洫һϤϤҩҵķڡ
ǡ޻֭
֪ͺá
Ǻˣô죿
ⲻģа취ȥ
ģǲš
ѵмô˵ЦˣЦȫǼᯣΪ˭Ϊȡ壿һΪ㼸⣬ôԼȥ

ߣŲ㣬ͷɱû߹㡣
ûЭ
ðɣҺȡ
ʵܿ죬޻ĵǽڵķ϶Ʈ͸ϢĵУ£żζʮ̹ƽ
飬Ҳ˰ɡ
ҶԼЦЦϢȥη
һʼԵĺһû˶
һ˼ᯣ
ûл
ҳһЦݣڣڿԳһˡ
ƭңһһΣû뵽Ⱳٵһ֡
üü
ᯣѹһƭ㣬֪ģⱾӦõıӦ
ҿǽͷغ˫ۣ
ռȻΪҪչƽƽаֲأȪ֪ضŹ㡭
ʵµ˵Щʲôã
˵ٶ࣬Ҳˡ
Ȼʱٿشһ
ϧҪʧˡ
ᯣ
Ȼ˫ۣ˶õ
㾹Ȼûȣ
ţҵˡ
ˣ
Ȼ޻֭ˣ
ŭɶصɴ۾û
ӣӡ
ֱҺõȥأɬЦΪ˸ɵϣ
㡪
˵֪ģ˵ЩΪ˼Ҿңзӣĵף˰Բġ
Цͬĸֵܣڣ˭ҵ
ڹݣһʱϲ
߳ŭ߬ȭͷ޲ðϹ
˰ˣôְɣ㽭͵úܣҪҪҺθɣ
˵ţұͬйһصϣҲͬ

ǽ滽ҵ֡
һˣİɡ
˾˵µûţ⻰ԽҧֻԼʲôû
ҷ֣޻֭ǸöղŵЩұǰ࿪ĵ顭
᯵ǽڵķ϶ͼᣬͬе߽
ǵôǸռΣ
˵ʵǸʱر㡭
Ҹĸ˫ݣ£ֱһ٣޵ҪԳǸȥɴŴţȴͻȻЦˣЦôģһαԵȥҲû˳ôЦҲ̲סЦˣ룬˴ҲûôǱѣһ飬һӿΣʫ£ꡣ
ʱȫǵ˶ͷʹ˵⽨µһרŪˣǵԵȴ֪㳰ŪЩˣС˱ӵܣΪ㿴ǵоΪ˴򱧲ƽȴֲмţһרĶ
ƽĶۣǸʱʱȷδʢˣǸԼ㲢ûж⣬ĸ֮ңϰھӸ¶˷ʩԽ׽ˣ˵ȻԽûй˼ɡ
˵ţȥ
ҵĴڲӦǷ
һôģԭָܸˣ㿴ˣȴüëҲֻ̧һ䲻ǣֺϲŬԼֻģԼҪ⣬Щﻹһһ̽ʹѡҲý࣬ΪҸ𣬸ĸ˫ұ˾˸ҵʳͣҺ绽Ĵүɽеӥô֪µļ
ϣһΣĿǴδйĳ졣Ҿϣ¶ģѾܹˣӽԺҽһҪȥȥֱгһո߸ϣڵ̧ͷҵĽŵģûûҹķܶ飬ֻΪȡٺʦгһϷõңҵõ㡭
ôĺޣŭؿڣХҹһֱΪĸֻеʱƽϢþĥ㣬ΪľͷԽԽÿ飬ôĹٳʼ룬֪ԼӦúȥδӡ
ֱԪڣҿȵһʱļ٣һ̣ҲŶȻѣԭԼ޵ôΪԭͰ̫̫̫ų֪мһˣԾڲᣬ޵ìܵĸ飬࣬һεõȡΪֻͷſԼ⣬ͷȴ֣ԭҴˣش
˵˵ţȻЦˣȴͬʡ
ǾҪˡ
ҲҵĳͷԼ㡣
һжҵĴûôִЩԼУǲǾͲᷢô飬Ҳ䵽أ
ΪʲôҪأʱܹתжã㻹ǸһǸᯡ
ҿǽţʼգһԲ
һСģȴʪˡ
ˮɬ
̫ˣʵ̫ˡ
Թ𣬰𣬹˽ҹһж
鳾
᯲ǽᯣҲ
ԣԶ֪һ仰ĵף˵
Զ֪͵ǷһֱСղš
Զ֪ʱϲëֻΨҵĸˡ

 59 

ʮ
ٽʱѺĹǱ½½Ѻηľǣʬһ㡣
һҹûкۣվһק˳ȥ
Χû˵Ҳû˿ֻڿԵֱ͸Ƥĵס
᯾࣬ͷҡ
ԸⰮң
شֻгĬ
ҵЦһ£ȥ
ʵ֪ģˣ̸ֺ
صĲӣ߲ȴЩƯ
·ֻǻ㱡
̨ʱ컹ûдΧŰײͬʱҵĻƮҷͬ翹ܵλꡣ
Ŷ̨
ǰͣ˲ӣÿ˶վһ̨Լաǰ
ص͸ɭɭҰ
ǰ߰⼣Ѫһ״
ҲѪ
⾰󱾸˺£ֵǣһ̣ȴ˼ûие־壬Ҳûиеĵ׻ЩңûпЩĵ̾ߣá
͵̧ɨҵСȣʹҹ
Ҿر۾ײ죬˼ǸԶĹȥ
һǵǸռʱô
ôǣ
һġ
̫ǳҫۣĲߴķ϶©ͬͨ͸⡣
õȴȥǸȻһӵĲ⣬һ㣬ȥ
ǾŤһšҵ֣ҿĸ첲ҵϥǣҰĽѾֵͬ˽黨ƵŤһɣදˡ
Ȼ򲻵ץҧֻûɡ
ɵŵţȴͻȻЦˣǻϲȫԼոջ
ֻ
һң㻹㡣
ֻ
Ҳң㲻㡣
Ǹʱ򣬱˼򵥣ϲЦüʲôݺ;룿
ǲ˳󶼻ų
ǲԽ׽ԽǷ׿壿
Ǹ˵һ
˵ԼûǮûǮǣ˵Լģ˵ϲë
ûʱľ
٣ѶصΨһ˵ûǲӰ
Ц˵һ޾أӳƼȥ
ˣ䲻¶ɫȴֱһɫ壬ĸһѵ
ԣֻгǰ˵͸ҵĺѾ׼ۿõĶҪë
û뵽򿪺ӣֻһ
Լġ
ϵüͷ緢Ȼ
ʷȻ裬ȴʮġ
ͻȻĪؽֻһ۱æϣǸˣȴֲұ¶·һڣͻ˵ɳܵǣŬΪȻı飬һޣֱɥȥ͵͵ֿĻϲ
ΪֻһССĲ
Ϊǡ
ȴû뵽ԭһֱĵס
˵̫̫ų֪ǷݸмһˣԾڲᡣ
ʵֺγˣ
СʱǸŮ˵ǰԼϵǸ˵ϡ
ں£ĲԼϣǺεȿµ飿
ԣⱲӾԲҪˣ
Ҫڣ
ҪϷ˼䣡
ҪҵԶԼ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱһǽطˡ
ĺѾ١
ֻһ
ΨΨŵŵϺӣڳһɢļƣ˽ȴǶûޣǷŲġÿμЦӣůĸоĵӿȫȻӦòԼ
Ƕôµ飿
ìܣ⣬СҴôϷ˼ɣʵΪ˱Լ
ɵϡ
ɵϡ
Σǻͷֵõʲô
ţ̲סǣǣƵЦȻֻòӺһ˱ȥ
Ժֵһͷǰĳϡ
ǵ㣬΢档
иվںӱߡ
˵
ԡʣӽ顣


 60 

ʮ
ѹʱ
ҵôݶϣűǵ
лһϤ㣬ᣬȴŶǵζڻˮζ翶뵡
Ҽǵζ޻֭ζ
۾㷢ɫȻѾˣŵƣԼһŴϣϵŻΧɴᣣȻʮ졣

ҷõĴֱ˰ϳԭﾹǹۡסĹۡ
ʶֵʱ򣬱һ飬һ̣˶ˡ
ô
أ
ǻţˣ
뷨ͻȻͻĿ־ͷɣһæ´һ̧ͷƼһӰ
Һʶֺʶ
ңдվץһƺӿȥʮϤȴּİҼУδķΣɺɫɫͺɫ֯ɣɫŨضѹ֣֮һβס롣
ʮ
Сĵػ֣㻺عͷ
Ȼ
Ϊʲô
ҵĳȥֻͷһЩƬϱһߴһ
Ħ̵ģ
˵ͷ
Ȼˡ
ŶͷЦȴЦ
ֲ˶Ħ̵Ľ̷ֲҵӡʥƣֲĦ̵ģµҵּ
뵽ģΪʲô˻㲻ڶΪʲôƤӣΪʲôҪͷһ֮
ٵġ
ԭȫǼٵġ
ôѧԣ
˲Ų˼Ϸ㲻֪ˡ
ǽᯣǷʮĽѵҪظŻס
ţڵЦˣһеľƺ̧ͷ˫޲۾
ʵҲɹݣÿ뵽ȾƱǣĦͽôܷƽ˵ʲôҵ۾
ʮˣƺصҲ˵ʲôҲûˣ벻ţҴûƭʲôҺȾƣΪұȣȻͻûСʱù˺ûʯɢŻⷽӼȼ֮꣬ǰȾɢͻ
ⷬȥܾﲻԾ
Ǻܾ֮ǰ
ٿأˡ
ʶǻͬ˵ʦ飬˵ԼʦСʱù˺ʯɢŻԱȾƲС
뷽ʮ˵ļֱһޡ
ѵ˵
Ҷŷʮѻһصͷ
Ϊࡣ
ǡʦ
ңãȻ˵ͷ
ȻʧЦԭôõˣȻһֱҵߡ
˵ʦڽϺպ˵ʮȻҲˣ
Ĭ˰Σ̾һҲûƭ㣬ʮǵȡȴΪֻסҵһ֣

ҶΡ

ʥ


ֹһεش˻Ǻεаšεͷۣû뵽˾վǰ
Ȼʶġ
ͬͬס֮á
ڷЦ
㾿кεºܣΪϹĦ̵ʥԳˣ˼˼
˵ɣŪʲô
ûлش⣬ͷһƣת򴰿ڡ
㽲һ¡

 61 

ʮһ
ô˵ʱѾ˸˾Ųʮ
Ҫ˵£ǹҵ֮ĶԹ𣿡
ˣЦˣҡҡľƺ֮䣬֮Ĺ¡
ˣ
ңҵĽ㡣
ᵽұˣ˵ȷ˵ԼиͬĸĽ㣬ȥˣ˵һӣ⺢Ͻʣˡ
˵ĶģӦþûĽȻҼеŮˡ
ֻǣڶʮǰǶ£һֱɵء
˵ҵһֱȴͻȻթ˵ҵʼա˵һв֮
꾿ʲô̧ͷֱӷ۾ͼпЩߣΪʲôģ
Ϊʲô૵ظһ䣬ץƺ¶ʹɫ֪ʥŮô
ҵ˵ͷ
мأԡļѻʵۡ˶֮Ħ̵ʥŮͱ˽еȨߣĽ
һֹΪʲôڵĽȻң

̾һΪʥŮˣڶʮǰˡ
ʶﱳĶ
˵Ľ㡭ʥŮ
ǡ
ΪʥŮͱһִ֮ȴҵӡ
Ħ̹̽涨˵ۡʥŮܵ۵̷ʥŮҵӹĦ̵׷ɱ
ԣ˿ֻ³ֱãŵһ仰ԣˡ
ɲǼ䣬ҺʲôˣȴֺԽͿˡ
⵽ôһ£
黹Ҫʮǰʼ˵𡣡
һƣ:
ʮǰĦ̵ǰʥŮĴѰúʵѡ̳²Ҳǻ첻ˣһ죬ڱҵˣȻǸеŮȴôҲԸͬȥԭŮСĸ˫ֻһܵΪڵֵܵ˺زڵϦŮļ£ǰʥŮֻЭס˵ܵܵܶһͬΪӣؽС˵ţһ٣,˵Ѿµܶ˭˰ɣ
ҵ˵ͷ
ôҲӦܹףʱûн֣ѾˣģȻʱؿΪȥ
ҶĿڣԣ㲻ϧ۵ҵ𣿡
û
޾Ӻζ
˵ȥɡ
šӦһ
ǰʥŮǽܴؽк㾡ѪϤĽ̵ڣʮʱʦȥʮĽλܿ콫ɫǸʱǶֻһ룬ξ̷ܽǷƽȡи£ʦСұΪ뷨Զû뵽һжΪһ˵ĳֶıˡ
ˡѵҵ
û
˵ȻһЦ
ʮ꣬оһɽµ꣬ڽˣ˾ΪµԵʣͶ޻̸ܿͳѡԴӸʦɽ̣ʮ겻¹ɽ쳣棬֪ˣʱͬ˵顣ͬ˵Ħ̵飬˵ΪĽ㡣ɽٱʱĵԼ˵һҡ
ȻԺֱ˴ûг֣һѾǸԼʱ򣬽ͻȻһ£ʧˡĿ˻ر˵ͬһߵġһʱ䣬һƬȻʥŮ˽ѽ̺е˫Ǻεܴ裬ڲúͰ䲼Ħ̵ĽףҲֱһҸе𾪵ȴǣ˿ӵδ磬Ǳˣ
ʱҲųˣʲôͶʲô޻̸ԭȫǼٵģֻͶԽ㶯аȴڹڷ˿ɳֽ̫֮ԲŻᱻĻƭҾİѣʲôȴҵĽ㣬ٲԭ£
˵еľƺôָЩס
ֻӷ죬Լ޵ҧгݵģ
ֲ˵Ҿ뵽Լӡ
ԭ³֮˶һġ
˼ˣҲ̾һҴѾ֪ˣ뿪֮ǰ˵£˵ͬҵ˽󲻾ãڱĦ̵Ľүү˷Ƕ˵Ļ£˫ֲµʱȴͻȻ뿪ϧթҲҪҵģΪʲô
ˣаûпڣ˫ֽɣץžƺش
ʵûթ
Ŷ
ֻһˣ˵˽еϢΪĦѾɳǰ׷ɱΪ˱ܵǣֻʱͬʱԼｻǸϢˣ˵õģܹͷͻֻܻۡϧзˣΪǸʲôûֱºóʥŮѾĦ̵ĸץ̴ˡ
ҲԾصɴ۾ͷЩɬ˵ˡѵǡ
۾һֻ
Ǹ˾ǡҡ

 62 

ʮ
ʷΪʲôҪô
֪ġ
ûȥ
ǰ֪ġ
ޣʲôɣ
һ꣬ҰѽŲɣʱʧǵĻȥƺʮֱʹҶЩԼǲǴ
û뵽ֻ˽㣬ӵĳﱸͬ˵Ļˡĵڶ죬Ҹ㻹ŵϢɫʱòҰףض㣬Ȼұɣƭ
ȴЦѵûƭңƭ㣿ͬѾԻͷΣȴһԹҵĽ㣬ѣȴֲİ氮ôһ֮Ǿˣ氮˵꣬ʮ궼Ȣ֪Ħ̵Ľ̹ϸƽĺ룬Ϊ˳һ˽ȴҽˣҲ֪˭Ϊɣ
ˣ㲻ɫҰ׵صڵϣſڣƺЩʲôȴʲôû˵ڣֻץҵʹ飬Ҵȥ㣬ԭ¡ûǣ۶壬뿪ҡ
һμ
˵ţͷ˼ھơ
ĻȥǸϣҲʹ顣
죬ظ˵ȥȥ
Ȼ뿪Ҳûл
ôҵȷԼиڷĽ㣬ȻҲ˷Ӧ
ֻǷ緽˵أ
ҺȻһ顣
һ֣ʷҵϢô꣬ѵͲɹô
һֱıʼдŸ֮󡣡
ҵͷҿ£ģּΩΩФҪģ˵ıʼӦò£ݵĹŻᱻô׵ĵˡ
ҡûãǺӱˡ
ӳȻϾ˼
Ȼ
סһʱȴվסһ
ȥ
ȷ
ƣس꣬鵽׻Ǳ¶ˡ
꣬꣬ʱ
Īǡҵ걻Ϯ֮йأ
ϮҪڳҵĺۼĸ֪ô£
ˣ̾һʵǰҵڻЩطˡֻ֪ǡ꽨оڼݱڵǻ¡ͽǵĻ㲻ǰޣ˿ǰæµʱѾԡʥݽˣȻЩ˲ҲĿŵ¡һֱУĸбšȻھ뵱˽Ѿ꣬ܶĽͽѲǵˣ֪ʥŮĴڣұڲ֪˾衣
û뵽иݵĽͽ֪һϢ˵ǵʥŮĶˣһֹȻˣ˲鷳Һʱɰӹһ٣û뵽ҲȻʹץйߡ
ΣͷͻȻиŮӳ֣־㡣
˻ر˵ŮȻ书·ȴһģ
˵ǽ㣬ʮֺ¡һ˺วô꣬һֱΪɽµ֪ѾȢޣӶôˣֻ»ܲסҿô֣꣬ǳ־㣬ؼңһᷢݣıѡ
뵽ļٵϡ
û뵽ȴȥ¥աɳĴѰңұϱֱ󣬲ҵȻʱȴѾ
һֱΪѽ֮±ĵǴﵣ㷲ͬ˵ʦͽڣ޿ˡɾˣ֪ĵ׻ǵԣıѲŻ᳹׷ϣʹأӢš
ֹһεؼȫҳΣڣЦôģЦûһ˿ȻҵĽȴѾˡʲôΪʲôӦܳͷǸΪҽҲڽйӣΪô᳤ߵ£ѹİôңȴΪĺӴһ˲
˵գõسĬˡ
ԣʼշŲ£һֱҵףûҲô
ǡ
ǰӦŹҵ
ǡ
ԣһֱƭ˵Ǳҵʼգ
ǡ
Ȼҵʵʩ߱Ϊ

һͷ߬˾ƺȻûлشȴѾ֪˴𰸡
кܳһʱûпڣҵǸо֮ŮӡЩԭΪɵ˺¶һһζΣһһ޴Уÿ˾УǸԵĹ켣һ˸ѡУ˭ԣ˭ֱ棬޷֡
ΪʲôҪЩ
û˵
ֻ֮࣬ԹһɣҲףҪ޾;ܺҰɣǺӲǱˡ
ͬ˵£˵Լѡ
˵һֱ֣ΪֻΪѸʱѡ
ԣһֱࡣ
ȻˣԸˣȴ̲סˡ
ĵ׺Ȼӿһ󱯰Ҳ̾һ
Ҹղһֱ˵Ϊʲôˡ
ȻڿǴҵıѣ˵İĽ㣬ʵԼҲֻǴĻŻʧȥĽ㣬ҲΪĻԣŻᱻ˵֮ӢšˣƭͷΣĸԣںҵڹ˽յУԼʹ߱
ʵʹ޵ӦԼûΪһҲݱɲʰľ档һֱĵļ尾ԣ°ɡ
˵꣬ܳһʱ䣬û˽ӿڡ
Ŷ꣬ôڴϣžž졣
ĩˣڿɬЦˡ
˵ûдһӶںڡǰǺڸ飬ֺƭǣں㣬ֺڱ𣬺˾
һô꣬һ޳ɡ
ʵʱҲ־ͬһһҵҵڴһǷƽȣи¡磬Ȼִִ̫̫޷ӳƿԼ˫ۣ޷£װ˷ôЩ޷ıϡ
ҺȴѾûжʱʣˡʯɢѹ˺ʪȴҲʴһ˶ˣҲһֳͷԣʱ棬ҪһнԹȻҶȻҲӦսᡣ
˵ţεǣǣǣЦҹĳԵԽȡ
ʷϣͷ㣿
ҺӦô
ҡҡͷֻϧ˶Ըڡ
Ͱһж°ɣֻûзŹˣҲŹԼ
ңſڣƺҪ˵ʲôȴֱϡ
ȻˣСӡ


 63 

ʮ
ʱ򣬷ϡ
˵ľԭͲãѾһҹĹ£һҹľƣһ˭Ҫһѣȴ
ûзӦѰ˼ô죬ȻŽ
عͷȥӳģǸȻˡ
ûмˣЩ۾

ңᶨص˵ͷ
㲻ڹô
ջͨ˵ڴֻ̰ҲҺû¡
ע⵽ʪģѩ׵Ⱦ˻ҺڣǸմսðҹ̸ϻġ
Ƭ̵ĳ֪οڣͻȻһ£͵һץס½ʵأô
ֱֱңһűͷȥܺá
ҲţǾʹȥ
գԴɬЦˡ
ұ֪ô˵һȥģڴ֮ǰһһҪ㡣
Ҳɵ÷ϵ
ʲô
̾һǵ뿪֮ǰ㣬ԸԸͬһ𣬷һУ뿪ô
ҵ˵ͷ
Ǹʱѡ¡
ͬ᯶һ
ôһΣԸԸͬһ
棬Ҳò̧ͷֱ˫˫۾̶㣬Ʋ۾ǡʱһ
ãҡҡͷ
Բ𡣡
üͷ
ӦףΪΪĦݣݳƣ͢ҲŹ㣬뿪ܿҪһӲͷ¶β
֪
Ϊʲô
ҿЦʵ˵һ㶼ûдҲ֪ԼΪλѡ
̾һȻΪô
飬Ҷʱ˵ؿʹ
״ͷת򴰿ڡ
಻ţʵµ֡
ҴؿЩԼĶ䡣
ԴʦﻹŵϢҲû֪ѶһֱΪţȴĳѰ𣬺ҽңϣʮָˣΪʦѾԭֱϣҲŸˣıĶԺ̲סʹ飬Ҵȥﳤߵĳ
ҸһƻȵףĶ֮£ײײĳš
ܾǰʦͬ˵Ǹƻȵף˵ʱȥĵطҲһɽ꣬ǸˣȻ֪طģܵô죬һգ۱㲻ӰȻҵʱѾ˱ɽ֮¡
飬Ҳû̫ĺںͰգϾҾʩбһ𣬱ϵһ֡ȻҵΨɱʦѵĻҲԸΪȥΪʦңҲûбˡĦҪͳ͢Ҫⳡսʵ⣬ҲȫԸһϾʦ롣
˵꣬ϵķûпڡ
㶵ֻû㱣·һ˼ξ֮УðŻΪʲôЩ
ҲΪԼʲôֻ֪ࡣ
࡭࡭
Ĭʡ
ֻϧ١
ҿЦµЩʲôã
̾ԣ㻹ǾҪô
š
εЦˣұ֪
ڴ߳˷䡣
ǳĻȣɣûеƣֻл谵ĹߴӴ͸Խȴϸܣ͸˿ҡ
ûбˣǾͷһţͨ⡣
档Ȼ
ȻûָգȴˣǸˣֻݺݽһʹ޷޲ֽ˳ȥ
Ȼʱȴֽסҡ
һȡ
ôˣһعͷ
ǵǸԤôʣ˵ⳡսĽ֣
ҡͷ
㵭Цˡ
Ǿͺá
Щſ죬Ҫʸһ̧ͷȴ˹ǰһڣһȵĸоʱ촽
һôͻȻ⧲ɴ۾ɻſ֡
㡣˵Ժ󣬲Ҫٿ
仰תȥ
ʶԭأ˺ðʮҩʱҲû͵һǡ
ʱԾõɴ۾־Ҫңȴ޿κεķ£˵˰ֻҪĵġ


 64 

ʮ
ƿţ㿴Ǹˡ
ָоʮأżʱûȴ·Ȼֻһ
վңŵ۾һһȴ˵ֻ촽ϸ΢Ĳ
Ҳ˵һƬհףΨеɴ۾עķ
ϵѾ»ȥѪۣҲ룬ۿȴݽȥź࣬㲡ÿһϸڶбŴҲ֪Լʲôĵͷͬʱð˳仰ҪͬʱڣȻֱ棬ŲѾͬʲôǣƵģסǰƶ
֮ͬľ̡
֣ôֻҪһͶǸ
Ȼһ̣ȴͣ
ˡ
ǽᯡ
Ǹᯰ
ȻԷ¹ȥЩ飬أ
硭ɻȴյЩ˺ɻЦ˵һԲ
ؿھҵʹе׵˿ھͺṣ޷ڣҪҵһʱʱ̿ιľԼԼĴۡ
ͻȻúܺ¡
ȥӦô죿
Ҫ˵ʲôָö˵Щʲô
ʵ˵ĲǶ˵ô
ʱңԸⰮң
شֻгĬ
֪ģˣ̸ֺ
̫أһ̫ʹࡣ
ȴ˺ѭһһεභ֮У̫ˣҲ˺̫ˣмͥҡȻ˭ܱ֤յ㣬Ǿͷ
ңƺʲô
ϵı齥ƽƺ˵ʲô죬ȴûгڡ
ֱãƵؿЦˣɤӵһ߰ɡ
ŷ֣Ա߻վһʶˣŴ磬ӦĦ̽ͽ
Һͽ̸˳ȥһ·϶ûܿ죬Ǵۡıţֵϡ
ǰĿջﱸƥǺΪ֮˵ţ˻ȥ˱š
滹Ŷ꣬˿ϸܣϣųǵĺ
վ£Լȥջǣ
ұվţãȻؿˮӷϵĹ켣ֻĽĲ˼飬˵תͻأһʲôûãѡüޣӽԺ·ӦôߣǰӦμ
лҲ̫ѨʹȻʲôûһ̧ͷ㿴ԶԶس
ǣƥ
ƥƥ
ȫһϣһáǵѡ⣬֪Ļ⣿
ҿɬĹǡ
ֻǽһ𣬲֪ʱ
á
棬㲻ụޡ棬㲻ụ˺
εעǸǣĿת
ҲһˣúõĿţ⻭ӡĵ׵ᡣ
ȻȴͻȻͣ˽Ųи񲡢ڵŮס·
ˮ뵣̫Զϵı飬ֻһĿʲôõĶ
һ̣ǸŮӱײĴЦţˡ
᯵幭ͬһʻήĹ̡
ġ
ġ
ȴ޿תģήȥ
ֱ˶Ťһţȥ
µǸ˲䣬ҵҲúһϳһжģʲôʲô룬ȴ˺ֻǽӲվţ֤һĨʺɫϣһ㣬һ㣬š
Ŀġ
ҹгɳ֮дǵϢ
Ҳͬ⻭һ㣬Ǹƶһһ𽥵ؿȽȴû֪ͬƯڰ֮С
ˮɽ͸Ļߣƥͷ˻
ȴκ
Ǹ˾͵ôһ·ĵض
ˮӭգʹȻʶʲôɲǼ䣬ͬһ㣬޷ĸоӿͣɽһ㼷ѹ壬Ҫţŷ
ᯣᯣᯡ
ҿʼܣײײسǸطûܼ㻬ڵϣˮɽŢ
ʪˮ͸زѣûֵܼȥٵͺҲסһ
ֱ۱ʯӻƣˮ˳չζȡ
ձ䣬˫Ŀա
ſ죬Ҫ֣ȴ
ᯣᯣᯡ
ڸղţվҵǰôֻҪһڣεſ˫ȣӶֱۣȴʼôңɼ
ʱԥʱ£ǲҲͲ֣
ͬĴһһεķΪʲôΪʲôÿζҪȵʧȥ뵽ڣ뵽ϧ
˵ǰҡ֧źͬҰ޵İһ㡣
ᯣ
ۣ
ѵ͸ķһô
ѵ㲻Ҫĵ׵Ǿ仰ô
㣬ۡ
ۡ
Ȼ䣬üͷһ£˫ۡң˵ʹ
ȴֻͷֹסؿޡ


 65 

ʮ
˵Ϊһѵ
γһȴֻһ֧Ρϵ֧ΣĶ
һжҾȡº潭ᯰʱô˵ûһ̣Ҳ֪㻹Ϊᡣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬾ȻЦʮֿĺ͵⡣
ȴգʱһʱ鼱ᣬԴʲôҩô˽飬ƵģԽԽǲˬȴ᯻Ǳ͵Цܻظһӣ۵ֱץŴ򺰾
⻭棬ȴЩ㱣ֻǰ龰ôϤֻͬص˵ꡣ
˿ڱˮʪԺַ˼θգǿƲ˿ʵտڡ
δõʱ򣬽᯶˵߰ɣҵȻȥһû̵ĵطԡʣӽ顭
һΣҾȻûҵɷԣΪСķԼڴæŪסַȴĵԵʣֻΪѾֻ֣ҪڳʹӺƤĥһĥĥҸı
̱ϣɽϵĴСǳء
ڽЩУĦѾѸٹռݡݡݡݡݵʮأʥ֮ϰڡ
û֪ĦǷṥⳡսη
Ҳһ̣յĹҾͽڡ
Ҳڡ
ҽס룬ҲܶԺ󣬵ǻعʷʱ˼⡣
ΪĦڶʱѸ׳ȴϢ
ΪεʱݹٸķӦ˳ٻֻ֪һζأȴֿӭУ
ΪһԭԱѹȴݱɿܸս
ΪʷϣҲǸԼҲҲǸƭ֡
Ϊǲ֪һеı󣬻֮䣬һοİ顣

꣩


⡶չᡷ 1 

չᡷ

һ
꣬Ҷʮ꣬һѰѰ٣ͬˡ
ʱĦҵƽҲѾȥ˴ꡣ
Ħռʮغĵڶ꣬͢ǲͯʱʮѹսİʮգɱˣֱѪɺӣҰⳡƺƴҲȻĻ
ݳ͢ƣ¶ʮգɷгӷ·²ڰԴ¶ʮգѺ꾩Ȼȴ֮ȫͬİ汾˵Ѻ;ͱ˾ȳоݷȴɽһա
Σֻ̽Թ˲Ͼ
ӣͬ͢ᵽѪζް㣬ѷ˺󣬺ܿ쿪ʼһĿ꣬ʼõǵĹ
У׵ıϪص¹⡣
Ǳʱ̽Ϣơ֪س¹ΪףȫعԱϤһ⡱Ȼֱ¹ⱻץʾҲףԭ˸û֪ȴĽҪͷسǣȫǰգԼȥˡգȡͨ͢еԼ̣ͬǸù֪ŻҲ⡣
Һܿ뵽Լͽᯣ˵ڳ͢УǺͳ¹֮Ҳһ·ɫй֮޲Ϊʲôûʵɣڸǽ󿪳ŷĦ̽ʵ
˵͢ŹǣΪⳡսעҪںڰУһиǵ޾׷
Ȼյ㽭᯿ܣҿܣô죿ѵҪµڵ롢жȹô
ڷì֮һ
뿪Σ뿪Լ
ֻһ˲ĳԾ
ʣˣ
š
ʣȥ
Ҵ𣺡
һֵ֮ˡ˫Լ֮󣬽𽫹黹ʮݣɺУʱѣȻǳӵѡ
Ҳ̣ʮμʡԣŵĻΪ˻ͽҫһЩȫ̸ֽ
ˣã˵ͷ

Խ߾˽
ͬԺеһĹңϡ٣ֻϦ£ȾʱŻǵԲԣҰãã紵ݵͼţ
ǲԣֻʵʵֵأһС麵֡ˮʩʣﳤȴҪԷǹúܼ࣬ü¶Բһ׷ҲûкڣӣݳǶʱѾ֪Ҫöٱˡ
ת۾͵죬ΣĿȸΪѰʱ֣ͬ˷̫¸ɿһ㣬Ȼϵ֪ȴ͹һˣֻ˻ߵУҪֵҹſϰݡ
ҵᱻ˯þ˸֦ȥ򡣽᯿ˣͻȻһ˹ȥһСճͷϡ
ҲԣҪʲô
㳯Цţкö
⻰˵ԽͷԣôгҲٶԣԹæȥˡ
ûãȻż㣬΢Ϣΰ͵й١æ˳ζҵʲôһԵﾡĴָС顣⼸Уұ˵ˣûм񼣬Сʣ㲻ѧƣϸİɣ
ԴЦû¯һźڲĶ
Լ
ÿӰǿһһֻ֪ˡ
֪һ𣬿ˣͷȥβǿ˼ζ
ЩɣǰôûԹ
Ц˼ҵĶôԹЦȴЩɬ
ô֪ģ͸ңСʱ£ĸ̱ԼڻȾ΢ʣԷкòӲҶԣΪ˽ֻѧЩ˼Һӵͱ֪˿ųԡ
һЩԭǲ֪ġ
û˵
ΣܸʲôЦǰǾĸ׽Ūһ٣ǰҽӵḮȥסҼҲмֹҪѣһӸµĽ
Ȼ˵˵ţȥ֪ʲôʱŬάϵƽⱻҵٳϵһ״ƣطֻ֣Ҫһռ£һձŴүݣ֮ƽȽֻһԸɴ˲Żᵼ˺֡
ҲڵرۣʲôסƵģ˿ڡ
ʱ뵱ȻԼΪΧ˶һȥȥȥ¥ȥ¥û˼ɹ˵ĸܣҲ޹ֺᱻô˼Ǻޡ
ʱ࣬ȴҵųǳ˲ٿͷ
뵽ͻȻһ飬üͷбۿ˵ģǴŪǮͷĹ˾۷¥ÿζҪ۲Ƶ޾ȥôƵףٶٵˣһҲŸ
һֱΪ㲻ںԭЦˣĿƣżЩǮ޾ģҪ͵ȥͬᣬȻҪһΪӡҴӦȸ㣬ֱסԼ档˵ţȻս˼֣Цοôһĺô
ô
Ҹ뿪ʲôٿˡ
˵׿˵޾Ϊķڣڰ嵥ʱ
һ£ҵһʱ侽˵
㣡㣡
Ȼ˵ֻȭͷȥҡ
شЦԻ
ǾŤšֿ첲ϥǰѾ伫ϧֱҲʤͬ˽黨ƵŤһɣදˣֻÿʼɡ


