ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ

ǰ

ǧɳⴵʳ˱
ңƹ͢Ρ
񣬳ٺ쳾ᣬ
ФˮȥԭԵǷǡ

ǰ
ˣ½췴ѱٳ£죬죬뿪Ƿ֮ذɡһʿűõĿף˴ڴ֮ϡ
ϣǸŽɫףͷŵĽڵʮµˣ߰ԼıһǽѪȷ磬ҶᣬȫȻ򶯲
յĴڣֻмˣһǸոճʿһڱϵĵһĺӣһׯĶʮӣһǱǸӻеӤ
ϵĵԼαϵĺӣûⳡѣԣһԼǰӣһ£ϸ糾ʴӱԼҲΪ֮ĺӣĺӡֻǿϧԼزסǧԣվǻԼϡǰĺӣЩΣǸӺеӤһҪһС
˸ʵٻһĸߣµ͸ƺһж֪ԼǸʵѾҲ֪ζʲôûһη壬һһûΪı仯ңӦе侲Ӧеϣûһɫʣʲô𣿡
ǸӣǸµӤת͵ĻһǷԣֻӵĸףӣûʲô㣬ȴҪи㣬ӴӦףúõչ˵ܵܣչԼҪԶһ𣬲벻֪𣿡
СĵĽӹӤͷţ֪һúõչ˵ܵܣһøʧᶨοЦˣ֮Լתͷߵӣоִ֣ű˴ˣЦš
ѡһʥĴţ򿪣ӿһʿΧסӴ߽һֱֱĳ߹˲Ǳˣʴʹĳ½ǰµͣ˽Ųо֮
㲻ˣѲµµӣ񡣡ƽ˵ţû˿ķŭֻǾĿһС
㻹ӣʲô鶼ģʧ˽ɽҲеʧ䡣ΪˣҪôܿ㶯ŭأһֱڴأһͻȻ˶ſڣһбڴϣڵĿŴڵһУٿЦվֱ壬˽
½ݺԴƣ֮ɫݣȥʿҲŹȥ
ꡣʿ
½ʿȥлҪյ˵µĹάûһ˿ϲãֻǶϵ
ǣһˣ᲻᲻ȫ
ߣˮ˲ˡ£
ǡ½ʿ£ֱ쳣İ

㻹Ҫ˵ʲôߵͻȻ俪˵
õ𣿲ڣ㻹ǹԹԵıϵ졣ߣû˵÷ݡϬĶв
ﻹҪ˵ʲôȴź˵㻹Ҫʲôÿ㣬ڷǳ⸱
˵Ŀѽѵ㲻ϣҷŹСĵ˵ͲںǵĶ
˵ú˺ӣ㽫ʲôҲò
ΪۻᱣΪͶͿԻȡӵ𣿹Ц˵ӣҲҵСҲĻʵۣۡҲҵۣûȨҪʲôֹסĴЦ

һεĿǺֹܿˣ߽һ²ʹңͷձñֳⷨˡ˲ߵߣ˾Ǳ񣬰𾴵ۨDDˡ
ˣã˵˵ҸòأЦǰˡ
ûߵغ񣬿ϵĵ˵Ӧġ
ţҵþˡЦɿ֣û˲ı飬Ҳûֹ˵ߡǰٻ
ֳֵֻķڵͷʩŷʩչڼ䣬κ˶ôţֻܾĿ˵һһʩ꣬վԭزɫθ˹סҡҡ׹ʱѾɥʧий٣εҡΣû˿ĻӦ
ˣԵʲôôˣűˡ
ǵҪԼȡ˵ƽ˵۾ȴվԱߵ
һԵĺŭľ˵죬ŭΪʲôôڲûҵ˭ôġ
ֻĻڻûʽǻ㲻
㡫˵˦ֽ˳ȥ
ˣˡ عͷֻ֪ʲôʱҲǱ߹ߡ

ʱĴֱúܰһʬ徲ڴڣˣҲȥˣӣӴ˹ؽԺ





ģ

ɫݶϷ죬͢⾰ͬ
һҹ֮أڹȴΪ

ǸƺãסҲڶ࣬Ҳ˽Ǽ¼ҶҲ֪Լںʲô
ԴӺǻһ죬Ҿͳ֡ٲ˼ǵ̫ӣҡ
һ˫Сǰζҵľ
ǰСŹɵЦӰˮĴ۾գţ˫۾ǰ͸ûһаûһ㱯뵽ЩҾýȥһжԵܵǶԵġ
ܵܵ۵ݱȻţӲʹǰɣǿһķΧڻһЩ˵Ĺʱ䳤ˣҲ˺ˣϾֻӣûڵԺأ

~~ʲô
ЦŽܱܵڵϣʶһģСˣҲ㶼ûϳ
𣿡СϲȥͲ֪˫С˸ãСøˡ
ˣѽɡ ¿ϵС֣СĸһĲãʶĹ ҪҪ㡣
ҶŪˣ磬㲻֪·ʱ򿴼ˣء ˵꣬СԼС鲼·﷭һֽСĵĴֽٵҵǰ磬˵ܺóأ
ǰĸ㣬Һʵ˵ʶûг𣿡
ôһ㣬ʶˣûˡһ߽͵۾Ķŵĸ㡣
֪һԡұһ飬ŵߣ԰ɣҾһóԣóԵĶͲˡ
ó𣿡ʽݹĸԵЦ˵ѽܺóԣʶû˵ѣĺܺóԣ糢~~
ǵģ˵ҸճԹﻹԵЩϧѽ㶼˰ѡ
~~ţˣٳԣЦſſһ棬СĵĽã´ٳԡҸϽֹţǻˣ㶼˰ɣι㣡

е㲻˼ҡҡͷСӶֱл͵ߵĸһֿûˣ㿪ĵĳԶĵӣԼһ˵ĸоиѹڣֵôãӦû˰ɡԼȴûʸõ

ʶϴνϵ֣㻹ǵ𣿡Ѿѧ䣬ݣÿʵѧѧϰҲֻ˽һ㡣
̵ģʶǵá
ĵͷʺܴҲܶ¡ҽӻǱ߽ļȽ׶ݸʡ
磬飿
ǴǱ߽ġ
ģҲҪһӵĶСһӾҲŲҪĶ
ʶôˣΪʲôһᵽ¾
ߣʶϲ ԺҪòá
⡭

ôС һعͷҹ˹ſʵһ
ҵͷһ˫ǶЬӳǰ뿵ʽµƾɲЬ˫Ьʵգ۶ˡ
˫ЬǰͣһתһԵĿʡСʶΪʲô粻أ֪һĵġ
ߣҲи磬ʲôҵġ֪ΪʲôʵСģƫƫϺҹһҲ£ֱ׳
ôأҾϲ硣
£ҳѵ
ûߣʱҵĴȲţСϻţҹûߡ

ҹ״ЦǰϡҸϽѿʵСʶɶԵ񡣡
û£ҹ忴ʣڵСʶʦʥټˣ𣿡
һһסˡʥҪҡ
緸𣿣̧ͷңЦҡͷȴԽĲ6ˣԴӺǻƵûټңҶΪҸˣΪʲôͻȻҪң
ҹЦ߽ſʵСԴЦ˵ İɣû¡󣬸ء
˲ö룬ҷ¶źҹ뿪ˡ

Ҹҹ岢ţָо˵ҲֵͦġҹĹϵǸӵĲˡں췴֮ǰǾʶʱҵΨһѣȴͷŵ֮ӡҺ޺ȴһֱٿҪҪЩڹܾܵ˵İӣֻΪ룬лչˣҲǺܺá
Ҳ֪Ȼ˵ѣһб仯֮ǰעˡЦ仰ôš
һ6ʱ䣬֤뷨ǺҹִҳԾģҵĻҲҡˡҲĻԼ˵˺ǡ
ѾȨҲԸ۶ʲôλһֱ룬ܵܿƽĶȹҿѡԶʹһûϤĵطƽȹҵĺ
˵ģһһУͲں˵Ŀӡ

ƫƫһ컹ˣͻȻˡǷԤʾҵʼƽ

ѵСϣ֪ԼǬõ·ϣҵĵԽԽءСĵĿһɵĺҹ塣
¿ɷ֪ʥС˺£
ҹϲõĶʱȫޣŵæͷˣô˺ҹļɻ䣬ϲԼµġ֪زҡǡ
㲻õģټ㣬ֻǸдա
ҹٶɵ˿̧ͷźҹ岻Ӧû˰ɣ
ҵգ~~ʹУԽۣԽȫ֪ô֪һġ
üͷҹЦҵļ˵ʲô򸸻ʾټأ˵ո߳˵òˣҽддء
ҹǰ棬ҵĽŲԽԽ壿кҹ˵ļ򵥣ӮӮǸ⣿
ιĥˣ㰡ʻء






1 

һ·Ҷڿ⣬һ߽Ǭã˼㲻ˡط6ûнˣǵǰҲһжûиı䣬Ƕ˵ˣ͸ǰƷŲĺһ

ʣҹ˽ĻЦۡ⸱ڵӣͻȻʲô˵ĳЩ˶ʲô
ʣҲˣҹعͷЦЦ
˼ڵ밲

ˣûˣòЩأ˵ղһ̡
ƺá ǽ𣿣

վ̫ӣʾ£ʼյŸԴһۡ

°ɣ֧߲Ըĺҹ塣ҲˣǬþʣ˺ˡ

ƺң̧ͷЦĺ
û֧
˵ţҿ㳤úĸ󣬲ĸʡ
ûĻѾʼˡ
壬߰ӡϵĺΪͲ壬Ǹ졣ֻһšڹˣҲ֪˵ĵ
ĻֲֻҵĸʡʵҸʵ飬ҲǺֻ֪ҵĸʣ˱ҸʵһСֻ֣еļƻУҸûƵģ߿˵ϣҸҲ񵽵ģҸ֮䵽Ĺ¡

Ķ̣ЦŶеӡչȻ
С˲ûӮ
Ҳû䡣ǰҸ㸸Ҳ壬ʱôһ㡣ƺ뵽ʲôܿĵ飬һ߱ȻţϵЦҲࡣ
ɻǵã
ܾõ飬С˲ǵˡ
Ŷ㲻ǵˣ޻ǵãǵǰǵá 㲻𣿡
̧ͷź۾ɻ󣬺޲⣬Ժ֣һġԼʲôʸȥޣûǰˡޣǣԸҼܵܵõƽһ¡Ͼһ̫ˣҲΪʲôҶԵܵһеԭ
˵ޣ𣿡ҹź񣬲岻ĻصҲ˵ѣҺޣָıҵһУҲ޶ѣֻûʲôҰģڵƽ˵ͬһֶ͡
ҲϺһ˫ɫԵ۾ҹǼ̳˫۾ʱҲᱻ˫޺۾Ի󣬿ңҹ֮ޣĸס񿴼۾һָдǾļįЦįһеֶζҸʵһУǿҳϵ۾ջǱԼҰĸˡ

·Цһ㣬ǰſЦţڳЦҵ֪ûҰģЩ˲ΪжȨҰģŻλӵġ

⼸䣬ͬâڱ׻˵黢ƢĥǰһĹлδһ̾¶ҵĵ⡣

ȻʼûзңҪǰۣܵ游ȥˡ뵽Щֿʼģ۾
ٿѾҡְ°ͣ۾صϣʲô
֪˼һϡ

£Ҳɱ㣬㣬ͬĸһҴûҪοĸô۰㣬ô˺㡣ͻȻ˵ҿЩɻ󡣲Щм棬Ǽ١

Сʱ֪õʲôҪԼŬֻнУȫģͿԿƺһС
޵ֻᣬ˺ս⡣ԹԵ˵Ҳңһ˼ҲԶĵطҵ˻ʱҲһˣʱ߸ϣȴӣһֹͬ£ʱ壬Ƕƽʱ򣬱ΪԶƽȥͻȻͣסʲôĵ飬˲ϬҪĳ֣ôᡭ
ͻȻ̧ͷȼŷŭҲսҪʲô÷顣ҾĿźûһ˿η塣һɿŭҲĴȥճյעҡ
㳤ĸ󣿡 
һ£ҵĸǸŮˣҲŮӡҺСʱģĸ׾뿪ңź뿪ȻǵĸվڴǰӣڵȴճյΣǸһҵĸʡ

˵ӦúҵĸʣҹûĸҵĸݵĸסҪʱ򣬺ƽܰĸңһֻôһˣİܼĺ̳İػһȴ˼ˡ

ĸһ𣿡
Ļҵ˼˻
۾µĺҺ棬Ϊʲôôֵ⣿Ҫʲô?
ҲЦ
ǸɵŮˣҲҲڶĬĬİһˣԶΪԼȡЩʲôʲôҲûеõ
ŭĸõŮˡ˵ռУǿԶòҸΪˣԸȫԸغֱŶ˵ףԸĬĬĸһС
ߣ޴֮Աǡ
Ҹջ˭Ҳǰҵĸ
㲻ʹҲóĸڣϲǱðҪҵĸһҲԼİˣʹǲܵĸ飬ҲҡܿƵĴҺȿԼ״봦ʱѾվ

~~̱һأڵϲ޴죬ײŵ档
Ȼ쳣գ˭Ҳû˵һ仰Ķű˴ˡͦţŷŭ벻ʡ

һʹӵһˣ˳죬ܽġվŲҲ֪ô¡ǰҲ˳ȥɵɵĴԭء

͵ΪԼˣ˺񣬻ʲôùӳԡ뵽񵱲ŶĸĲһеһֱֵãҲڡ

µɣˡ
ô᣿ȻŹңһĪĿź߳һβƵĸųȥˡ
ֻʣңһصӡɻĿһصӣΪʲôˡ





2

һ˴Ӵ߻ʼղֻ뿪ҵΪĲӣܵҪζȹأ
ֵֿܳԺתûйϵҷĲ¿ʡ
~~
عǰԲԲ۾ĵĿң˼ðѡ
ôˣӻͿʼҲʶ𣿡ʹɵĽСַˣԼ

ˣûµġԲʶˡףſʵС֣ҲŷֿʵСֺ۵ĽڻĴС֣ʲôҲ롣

뿵ľ˯ˣΧһƬڣֻлůСҾԼһˡ˯ˣҲʵʱʱһ꣬ӽǽס

һֱҹʱˣѿΧıҴãں뿪ˡ

СһС·û˱ҸϤˣʹڵҹٶĲ·Ҳܺܿҵλ

ҵǰһªԺӣط˺ܾãͺ˾Դ˵ֹ֮͸ûиҽӽãطȴܴ¥ͥԺҲԶ
ƿбľţһ˽ȥ
ûüľںãһʹҵ˹е쳣ҼʱһԵĲݶϣԭҲ֣ûУһҵķȥʲôִһУץһľȥǽǷ˲佫еľȥһ롣
ҿٺˣԼҹɫУȴʼҲ˦ˣƵֻ辣ԾԺݶд󣬼Ҫ㿪ѲߵĹٱҪ˦ˡ
ʹһã¥¥ͥԺȽ϶࣬ҸҲ࣬Բڹе˵Թһãȴʼ޷˦Ѿ˺üȦΪʲôǸ˻ĲԶƣһͻȻܵҵߡһȣ˷Ӹߴ䵽ϣûеһѷıѾָңá
Ҽػһʦ
ջеĽҴӵϷϵĳ
ұʹĵڰ˸º󣬺ɺϵλһṦ书ʦûмĿÿμ棬һЩ鼮ʾʽͲˣʣµľҪԼѧԼĥʲôģҲ̣Ϊ֪ʲôʱٴγ֡
СҾг˵֪ʦҲŵǵζһֶصҾúϢԼʱѾʶˣԸԼݣҲӲٸʵסһṦ£ǶⱣܡ
Ṧ˲٣Ҳܸߡʦƽ˵ţֱһ˦еĽ˳ڿתһȦǰУˣ
ңҸ˵ǰڵϵĽǰѺýղŶʱѾʶǻǰҲδػгڿһˡ
ллʦ̧ͷʦѾ֪ȥء

ʱҲŻصܵһСľݡĵѣܿ˯ˣ






3

~~~
صƤڴͷͣҡ𴲵ĿʣȻеΣӲͷƤ۾ˮϴϴ˲٣ͷʣСѾԼ·ãڴϵӣֻǶе㱿׾ˡЦЦʼ׼͡

һžͿԶĹٱܿ콫Χסʿ߳һֻӷ̫¹ڵĹӴʮ꣬ĨŲҰײҰ׵ĻۣźԶŵɢĹֹζ̫ϵƺڷɤӣϸָҵͿɣ

ʴ˳εرҵĴȣ֪£СԴǸ˵ͷ

һмƳһۣóһɫĲдšʥ֣͡æſʹʿҲš˿Χ
ʥּдţҵ̫ӹ̫ӵ̶
ҲҪҰڵĵط̫ӹȥȻڹУǲò뿵ʷֿĻſʵСֽ߬ҵ½ǲţǲ

л¡~˲Ĵߴٵ
ҵܻܵСܴܲһȥܶµġСĿš
㵱ʲôطȥ̫̧㣬СˣҪ󡣴󵨣 ˣǷֿ
ŵֻһꡣ
ˡҪҸֿܷܵҹڵϣͷʹٶ಻ԸգҲò¹ֻ̧֣ҪΪֵ
ﶼūţʲôûҵĻ𣿡

һʿҪҸʷֿȻСȴܴ֣һȺ˽קʹϵļءǿʹץסʵ֣˲ͨ졣
ʿţҿŶģСȲͣźץŵʿ

УһܻĽţǷֿ

ۿǾҪˣһһҧǰֱֻۣ~һšž~һ϶ʱһӡſίӣҷƵģȺˣ˵һȭ
ͨ죬·һ˵.ʴСҶûһָͷ˾ȻǰһƣҾԲŹŭһӳҵͷԣֻһͷ˱

Һݺݵҧأ˴һ𣬺ܿѹѹһȺˣѹ˹ҵһںһƬ˲ΧһУֻ֪ѹµƴĻȭͷʲôʲôҲֹˡ˿캰صĽкȴѾĻȭͷҪ׵Ĵҵʧ

ס֣ס֣ס֣
屻˵ڵأɿƲסԼΪ󣬿Щ˸Ѿ~~

ˣҵһӽӲסȭͷҲͣ˰֮УȻԼֶʺҺ塣Ұǰĺҹ壬ʲôʱֵġ
ܵܣæƿѹϵĺҹ壬ǰҪֽڻУǿǰѪҺͣ
ڵϣģһֱһ˳ſʵĿȥ֪һֱǸҴʿ

ܵ~ͼ

ŽĿŻҵϣĽһ~~ЦҵĻ
֪ûˣҲŷ

ҹվʵ칫ô£
Ǳҹļŵˣ칫ηηĹӵĻūʥּģ˭֪С~~

ž~̧ͷ칫Ծ
ҹŭ ˭С

칫һɵˣ߿ͷ˵ǣǿү~

ҹ

ǣū͹칫ͷģһͬʿԼҲ첽뿪
֪Լˣ͸֧ٿ뿪Ҳ˹ȥˡ





4

˻ʹ۾ԼѾһ仪ķʣԺһ뵽ˣʣʣ

󣬲õģղŻȥҰʶҵĵطڿԺأţµġ~ҹ˿ϵѪ
ҹô˵ġǻ
ץסҹǰζ֣£ңҪҸֿܷܵʻСҪչˡ£
ҿԣ¹ҹ壬ҶԸ⡣ֻΪҴӦʣÿ뿪ҡ

ҹûлشңֻǶץַߣŷԼ񣬸Ͼſ֡

֪᲻ܵܣҲϲ˵ʥּô׸ı䣬ҲΪ

ʲôΪһĸʣһĻ֣ǣô𣿡

Ҳ֪ҸʵƢһ¾ͺѸı䣬ҵĻ֣ǵĹϵһֱͲãֻҷŸɣôҵġ
ûа취𣿡һʧ䣬֪͸ı䲻ʲôѾǸҪ÷Ҫ̫ӡ
ܵܶ

ʵаŵġ
ҹô˵Ҽæ׷ʵʲôţ

˵Ҫͳȥ

ǲܣǲӦġڹҶٻͳҲ޷ˡ

ҹҷԣǿΪʲôôִţÿڹһĸɴֻãǻүءǰ㻹˵ÿʸ㣬չˣͲչʲôáȻѾڣǻúչġ

㲻ңô˽⣿
뵽ˣԼֿʼԥˡҪÿȥ

תͷԶһƬҶƮ䣬˵Ļ䡣

ʱѲˣǽܣһǰһ빬ǴȴȫͬӦ˵󣬺еɽʧ裬ҵĸҲһλʱܴȨ㳯ҰįĸۡûеķǺž飬ûнļҲȫ乫
ȹеĴôҲʱ˼ҡȥˣȻʳǡ

԰еĿʣѵԼҪѿи
˫ճȭȴ˿ڡ~ʹҵ˼ҹϽһĹСΪĲ˿ڣԭЩʺѪҺԼʱһҲûвڿϴСС˿ڡ

Ǹ𣿡

ҹһ㶣Ȼеĵͷ

뵱ʱԼħϣôԻ˴ʹǸĺܿɶ񣬿˫֣ȻѾҹʪѪﻹǲɵķģƺѪҲ֮ȥ

û°ɣҹ弱æҵĺ󱳣ЩǶ˵һҲ𣬲֪ʲôҵﲻϵľᣬҲϵĸŻ

˺þãԼӦźҹ޴ӣҳǿһЦ뿪˫ֺ˫ŵҵ۾

ҹĸۡҵǳǴӲô˵İúܡΪҵҹʲôӡ
Լûʲô飬ͼæȥ
ſȥ·ţһ·Ͽһ仰ҲûУƽʱǶ˵ЦģΡ
ѵǼ£ŵˣҿʼǡĿɶƽһɱˣֻĿʵ棬һĻһŵˡڵԼ˵ȶħҪ°ɡ

͵͵ʣŷ˫峺۾ʼնǱĸ磬ôܲǱڵԼ¶ˣеĵطҹϱ֪ҹŪЩҪ֪һ飬ǲŪҸǱ

!š

Բ𡣡
磬ǲҪֿòãͣ˽ŲӣˮĿʣ֪˵Щʲô
磬ӲÿȥʶŪʶԸɺܶܶ~~Ҫʶòã

ҰѿʱڻڻĿޣˮʪɴɳɳĺʹʶԣµģһֱ֪

Ŭ¿ʣú룬ұͲɣҹҶˣûа취ûȨıһУҵһξԼûá

Լִˣø֣Ȼҹ御ʵǵʱڳ֮ڶ࣬ôס֮ڣܿҵ㴫ˡ֮Ҽˣһֱرܼˡ

磬үСүظӣ׼һ¡ˣǰ˵ţҲǵһμÿμ῵ʻ飬ǰԼǾܾҲһֱΪԼԶľܾȥԼû¿ʣ˼ұЫڱָָ㣬ÿᵽǼ£Ҳʮֻֿţûɱ˲֪µӰҹ˲İ

ҲĹֵܼӣõģСүصʳסһںʮٱүھֻʣСүһˣȻСү
ѽҸʵĲͬʹֵܣˣҾûУʲôҲûС
ʧĵͷתص뿵һ5СéС

磬~һݾͱʱסһ˫۾ƺƵĳգţ磬Ǹ𣿡

~ҵͷЩҵĶŵϣÿνҴЩСĸʣҲ⡣Ҵûи˵Щʲôˣʲô
ǹ֣ʶˡʴֽĶһĿ⣬˵С춼ϲ£СӶϲʲôǱֵĺԡ

Դ˸еʵʶҪԺ춼ܳԵʶԵĶʶǲǺܸأ
ʳҿĵЦţСԴµš

ĵӣЦˣȴ쳣~






5

ʱĺܿ죬һļ٣é㿵ʣСӻңΪʲôҪ٣岻ŪҲ֪ôشʣ㵽ߣòã˵ûʱ㣬ʹ㵽濴
˵꣬ʾ˷ܵ㵸ߡ֣԰԰Ļȥû˼ͣ۾ſĵĲ˵ĿʣǰָָȥʱһЦա

磬ôˣ
ţ
磬𣿲𣿡
գʲôҲûУܵ˵ˣпޡ

Ǹ翴ȥĺѹûеȿʰѻ˵꣬Ҿһ˵ҪˣѵǸ˵غܡ

ſʳ԰ڱͥԺ˼ȦŽ͵˵ĵص㣬ߴĹţڻʹźܶ࣬ĳǽѾʹΧʵʵߵ˿ܺϣͨһ޴ĹŽʹڻʹȴϣԶԶϤһԼɡ

վ⣬һҲûУտģҡҵֱʵô

ҿſʵСһ£ĴѻĳʣȻ磬ȥ£һͻ
ȥʶ𣿡
һͻҪԹԵŶһУĵطȥû׷һֱǸĺӣҵĻΥҲ⡣

ԶԽԽͣڿǰ棬һŻˣ˾Ƕνˣʮ꣬͵ĹܼңүûʲôˣԶԴʮУҲ˼ΣȻ֪⣬ܻԼЩóԵĵġʶ˵ӡ󲻻
ڿǰͣ£΢Цţ֪˵ЩʲôȻſϳʲӣţ뿪Լվŵĵط˺Σſʣֻܽʱϳʲڵĸͣȣˡźţϳ

ſʱ˱˳ʻԶҲŴӶŵʯǽгſվĵطһֱصſʵĿ޺
~~~~~~
һỬ䣬Ժߡ

ŨصĲҩζ䣬ŨҵĴ̼ҵıӣҲϵĿԣܵҪҲһͬȳƲݣխªȴ뿵һͬģӲʯܼˣǰǸһͬ棬ǵ˯úòáصһںá
뵽ЩԼе˵Լ뿪ȸǿԼˣʯϸӸоʹ

󣬰ҩˣҹ˵ǰᴵ˴ߺһڣüܿЦſҵẠ̊́ˡ
ҷʯǽϣҩӹûʲô󲡣ûбҪÿ춼ܹȥɣ ҩζԼܲˡ
ҹû˵Ļڴϣңҩˡ
εҡҡͷҩһȥͿ뿪һ꣬վûжһֱͣˡ
ҼѰҶĺҹ壬ͬһˮʪˡȴǰǿеҵϣһ
ڶҾͲˣҹԼĴһҩѷŪﵽҩζǻģҲÿ۾ῴҶһֱû뿪ҪȥҲǰ׷һһ۾Ϳ֣ʲôãҰͲԽԶԽá

ҵ廹㲻ܿͺҹȴˡⲡպã̫ӹ˾ͼææôҹȥҪǰҵĲ´Ⱦ̫үû׼Լ͸ܹȥˡ

̫ӹˣҹҹĶ磬15Ϊ̫Ҳ3ǰֻӣ͢еʹûӵúܴӣֻľ̫үҶ̫үҲǺ˽⣬˵ϲŭ޳鱩꣬˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
ôһˣЩҡ̤̫ӹ𣬲Ҳ֮





6

̫ү˸Ҹˡҽ̫ӹˣãһ˽ңĵҴʱ׺ȫͬ

ܿ߳ĸˣ۵ľмǸŻ۵꣬һͷˣ˵·ҽһֻͦúֱһĿһеӡ

о˶ԼԵ̧ͷһ㶣ⲻǸղˣôǰ󼸷ӵĹô
ɵ㶵վã˸ϽԽˣߡֻоϥһػ岻ǰ㣬ȥ
ʲô̫ӵ»¹򣬸˭ѧĹء
ҵһۣȻм꣬ڵ¿󣬷ּ̫ӵİ

󣿡ҹŲæϣܱߵ˸Ͻ衣

ٹЩӣ¾12

12Ҳǣ˸ëСӵߣȤ

һֺõЦ£СǰЩӻֿȭء

ģҹȤشλߣžžҵļһԵ˸Ͻϸɾİײ֡
ݵľʣ¹ͷˣܴˣ˼ɣǸūŲˣϡ

ȫ׺ҹ˼ǿһظı飬ٿҵ񣬶Щ

Ȼǰ̫ӹûʲôͬҲ̫˵飬ʶ֣ʲôͬҲⰲŵģҸźеסһ飬һ

סŴġţ·һµˣҴסʮ˵ķ䣬ܼ򵥣ֻһʯһͷһͷ

λ磬֪γƺ
ͽң¸ɣ˶ƺҡ
ǣ¸硣
·ͳóԷˡ˵ŵ¸ͳȥˡ

е·¸紩ʽûʲôֻǴ˵㡣·વģװԼҹĻݵľʣ¹ͷˡ

һžͿҵĵ¸磬ҳӭ˹һͷüͷСŵģôôݣǰһԲٿࡣ
û˵ֻǰͷȥ
¸罫ֱ۴ҼϣǰߣģԺ¸㡣

߽һԲĴһȥһΧ˹¸磬ﶼأ
¸磬ߣߡ


ұһȺ˼һԣ׵ıԵǽ¸ӵ쵽еλӡһ۵ĵطȥڽ¡
һҾͿʼ̻ʵĳ˵ǵĳԷƵģգ۹Ӿ͸ɸɾʣֻһİ

ͻȻһȣ̧ͷ¸ЦôԷҪˡ

ãȻͷŵ¸һЦ¿ӣץȣڴڵĳ

ûи¸סͬһ䷿Щͬ޵ˣǺϲҡһҲ˽⣬һЩС⣬Ҳ£˵ǳָʾǣҲհ졣ʵڲУһű쵽ջһҹ
ڣƧҲԶȺʵԼһ㣬Դ˵һֱûʽЩˡϾʱҾͻǿգ뵽ʣʱӦѾ˯˰ɣʱԺҲֺҹӡ֣ԴӲˣûټ

պʽΣ֮ǰҹһֱûдңΪ֮Ժˡȴû뵽ǵĶμ棬Ȼ

Ϊ죬һϽλӡʱҲǰıʲôɽɱĻҲǶ˵뵱ʱжôǳӣ˽ˡ
ĶҲ˫ȫҲǾǣĲãѡǿ׳ʿ֡

ҺҹΪʲôǸطңҹȥˣһϷӡ˲ɵþǰһ壬Լһ


ŵͣס˽ŲʲôǴġ
ûнʹ洫һҽУÿ£ܵʲôײҪԷôеҡ
ʲô̫үأߣǸһ˫
λ磬ûʲô𣿡ҵʵ
ʲôСֵģʲôطмʲôġһϰΪ˵
ǡ.
ʲôүûôʱġ





7

ǰ򿪣һиǰ˽ĸͲһʮ̫С̫࣬˴һˤˤȥȥǿŤһԶ̶ĴЦ˷ֵĽкá

濴һ£Ǽֲ˼꣬һ֪ԼǲˡǼҿٻҹ̫үﲻɵ̾˿

ǴһֱţĹߣþûʧǶʮС̫࣬ͣ߿ԭزˡ

Ǹҹ˼ſڲɵǰקҡ鲻Ըǰ

̫ӵ£˴ˣһֺõĽӹʹͣһۣ֮󼪡

󣬼̫ӵ£˫ֱȭǰȻǰ㣬΢ͷ۾ǰ

룡̫ӵ£˭ѽŵĲѽŮװɣ һͷЩһ˹ָǿеҵ°ͣԼܸõĹ۲ҡ

ʿѣ˫۾֪ŮƫƫۣǸŮѧóٲſС˼С~˵վߣסҵļͷüôݣһˣϧϧ~ҡͷֻصԭ

ҹ㿪ʲôЦôɰ˶~~̫ӵµͷͬ־ȵĺ~ǰɣ

ҹʾʹĳ½ĶӡղŽʱ;ô죬ܾüӢԭǳ껵ĶӡһŭӿͷȫûǸʿ˵Щʲô

˵ôҹʲôȥ·ҹ˵

ʱҲע⵽߶һС̫ࡣ

·ףָ̫

̫ӽʲôʲôô⣿ĥ䣡

̫ɫãǸС̫Ͻ뿪һңһ˿ʼ վһߡ

ʲôǸС̫ȿ˵ﻹż·ǰȥ

أ´С̫࣬ںݰף

Сӣᡣ

ޡ

ҵˣ㴩һȥһ֡˵ܵһߡ

֣ʲô

СһĹĵĶϣȥģ˶ô㲻ˣûм˶𣿡

ޣǸҴʲôѵﶼҪһ𣿡

Сӵͷ͵͵Ŀң֧֧˵ϾҪ˴ܣ̫ӺǼλ󳼵ĹϲЩģһҴһģʹ۾С

ܣһ̫Ұ̫ôϲô̵İϷ

С㣬ֵġСסҵ죬СĵÿΧ

ҲɣʲôЦǱ̫Ӷ飬ûʸҲǱ˽ŵµųң̫ǰǼĵÿġͻȻҲһ¡

˾ˣʲôÿʿһĻŭŰ֣ûôƢ
žֻǰû뵽һģô˲㣬˶߿

㣡㣡ʿƺҲһŪɵֿң˵һ仰

ûֵ̫ǰֵ̫ӵ£ƺᣬСǷּģǹ̫ǲֵġ̫ӾС˲ţԿ࣬ʥѰܡû£С˸ˡ

֪ôˣҹǸҾͿʼŻͬǺĺӣôôûˣȥ

վסƺˣ̫˵ʲôʲôѵ汾̫ӵ˼ҹߵǰңҲʾĿ˻ȥ

С˲ң̫ӽʵΪСˣСҲԸ̫ӷС˻صԭĵط

뿪̫ûмǴǵڶμ̫ӣѵ̫Ӹݲūš

С˲ūţ

ôôûйءһ̫ǰѵ






8

һ˵Щʲôо䱻˳סͷһԭСӣ֪ʲôʱܵߣһǵĿҡ

ҽַϣģ֪ңҲ֪ڵ³çЩʲôµأˣԼֱƭλ̫ߣһʼҾΪ˽ɡȻһ챻ĥһһ

ٿҹ۾Ѿҵƿ˳Ŀ⿴ȥСӣԴﲻ֪ĥʲô
һֲõԤӿͷҪʲô

СȴҹһСӴ߶˹ȥƵʿϡ

Сһ֪룬ӲɵôŶ¡

ʿѣλصĿӼʶһ¡ҹҿڵ

ң~˼ɡ˵ֽСƸһꡣ

̫ӵ£ѽСæڵϣͷͣĿġ

Ҫʲô

˼ϻ㡣ҹͷشߴٵ

ϵˣϽ˵һߣճм䡣

Сӱ˼ϵ룬ʱСͿ޵ĲӣڵϿţﲻͣ߶ūŴˣʵԼ֪ֻһζģԱߵ˶ǷǣԶûһ˸ǰ顣˭֪꣬ݲһԹǵﲻҲҵ

ȭСϣСӾܲסˡһʱ˿ȥ 

˼޶ԣСӻȭͷСڵ˫ʹĲˡͻȻ䣬Сû۾ͣڰеȭͷһεץס˼ϼȭͷ

˼˫ҵŬ˼ΣҲûܴѣݵ¿ҷСӺݺݵһšһŲᣬСڵϹ˼Ȧͣ

㣡Ļһȭͷ

˲䣬˼ϵǸҴԣҲԡȭͷ˼Ϻܽĵطͣ

ҷȭͷйˣ

˼ϣһȭҵĸҳʹú˼ûվȣְ˺üȭ
˼ϵļȭ൱ȣһʱվȵĵڵϡִܿӵذҲϵĵ£Ȼվ
ûС˻ߵģҲûЪ˹󺰴Сݺݵҧؽʹ˻ȥ
͹˲ʣǲĵǰˡ

ˣҹͻȻֹ˼ϵĶ˼ɿסҵ죬Һݺˤϣصҹߡ

ˣ̫Ӿ̫ӣ˵ĻҪûʲôԸⲻԸ⣬ǰװߡվǰˣҲˣûһܵġҹߣ֧ҵ°ֱͣӡ
ɲĵɹȥǰһȻۣ˵ֲһҪ㣡

㣡
ҹҷߺ޵񣬴Ц˳ȥҲֿһۣ̫ȥˡ

󣬿~һعͷСӿ

ôʹ𣿡ҵĵʵ

СӿҡͷȻҴӵϷһĶۣü

ҹһ˳԰С

̫ӽ鲻ʿЦſڡ

ô֪鲻

ң̫ҪǲˣСӻܻ

ҹʿһۣǰߡ

˵̫һʼСӵôˡҹͿĿڵ

˵Сɵ㻹ɵ̫Ӱ˳ǡʿѻЦ˵š

ʿѣС˵˼ͻȻڣʿһ˵⼸У̫ӣʿµľһһûжı飬˿ϲŭټƽʱҲԹǾôһˣƫ̫ӵĻƴӣ۶Դյȫգøɾ䣬ˮղļƾ֪

Ǹпļһһ㣬ǸղſˡղŵһĻҹɵĿڵ

ҹͷΪͬ⣬Ǵ򸸻Ϊ̫ѡһλѡͬʱд˳£ƫƫһΪƫģܡڿҲ˼ġ

˼ǰ̫Ӷѵ̫ӱˣ˸ӹϵܣǲò






9

һСӵĲסĵطСǹеС̫࣬ȴжķ䣬Ȼط󣬵һס㹻ˡСӽҷһľϣϵ·ҲСġһ֪ǰЩ¡

ΪʲôҪǸطͲ˴ġһڣҾͺˣ˭ԸΡ 

Բ𡣡æǸ

ûµģԼѡģǸطǴãκεطҪã˵ĸطᰤܷʵº͹ҲǡСһ߰ҩһ˵ʵ˵һͷһμ˸˶ײ̫ӣ 

Ϊ̫ӣ

Ȼ˻ϣ̫ 󣬴Ӧң´βҪٸ¶Ÿˣк³ģõӡ˻~ 

ôˣһعͷСӣŸ첲ʹüͷСҲˡۣҰҩ

ãԼССװûƵģҿЦллҪңҲˡ ǵһľ£վˣΪһİˡҾ
һΣǧҪˡκ˶Ҫǲмġ

һ£Сһ仰Ҳ˵

ҩˣұ뿪Сӵס˵ԭԲص̫ӸʱʱѾˣգҪˡ岻㣬ҲͲȥˣֱӻط

󣡡ͻȻסңͷһȻǵ¸硣

¸硣Ľ¸ͻȻüͷ첽Ҳסվãŷֵ¸ôѽ

Сôˣ ˣ¸罫Ҳݡ

¸̫Ӹʱղ̣̫ӵµȺãҲһ˵˵ҲͽͣҲûлش

¸磬£

ûгԷɣҸͷˡ˵꽫ŵӷϣĶȡ˳̫ӵԸˡҸ˲١

һᵽҹҵͱĺ㣬Ҫл¸硣Լ֪ô۸ء

лл¸硣
ͳһ¸ţҸչ˵ģҲҪչѽ԰ɡ

ҲһЦʹʹĽһɨ⡣

գɳһϢȻԼȬҲЩǻŪһ˻ȥòöҪ

̫ӸЩգҷұˣеһжڸı䡣һô£Ҳơ

ҳĬȫôҾôҲֲ

ǱʾԼòֻǲ޹˴鷳

ҲкôҷԼúҹţҵĸоҲùֵֹġЩϲǸĴ۴Щ

С˽ǿűȰңװųЩȥͲҪپǿվҲ飬Щ

ȴЦҡͷ֪Ǻ⣬ôܸ˵ǲһģҪǮƣӡǲģᵱб΢ūš

үү 

ȥ·ϣµ͹ʯЩȵǰζôˣ糿;ͷΣ?

үһӰͻȻǰסǰ·

СȫΪԼۻˣǰˣǺҹ幬еСȫ

ү Сȫأ

СȫǺҹС̫࣬СȫҹҲӦڸĴûˣֻСȫһˡ

ҵ𣿡

ô

үͿˣСȫظѽү͹кү ²ʱҲûеϿһ¡ȥµĲһõúܿ졣

²ˣʲôʱ£

ү֪𣿾ϻص˵ȥҿүСȫøţȻŻϸϵĴֳȥˣ˺ü²ŻظͲˣǰЩӲźˣⲻֱʥϽȥˡ

岻ܿƵҡΣɵǰȥү~ôˣ ôôѽ

ҽվӡû£߰ɣһҪƹСȫǰ˼뵽ʲôתͷСȫ˵ҡ

ˣôѽ˼Һѽʿֳˣһڡ

ҹ߹ĵʿվһߡҹ͵ŲͷˣӵڶҾǺҹרɳ

ʲô컻·ҹĶҷʩ

СӸϽܹҽҡһңСӱĵʵôˣɫòѽ𣿡

ûСһеĻشͷȸղ۵øҲġ

㲻֪û̫ӵ¿żˣ˺üȥأҿóֻҪ̫ӵһᡭ

ǰҲϵ·Ѿˣȥˡ

ҾýԼɵһ죬ԭҾȻоʹˤڵذҲû֪ƮƮ࣬ҹңվһҲᵽ¡

ȫѵڵϣܱ߳ӵ






10

䣡޴ǿҵĹâ˽ůϤߣһǣҪô

ҹ·ͿææܹСȫӣҪСȫ˵벻󱻺ҹ

߿ţͿڵϡһӶʹ˲һУڵϵĿ

ҹ壬ʲôҹŭ

о屻ʲôİȻԶ档뿪֡ɨΧ˾ȵĿ⣬ŷԼѾҹᱧ

֣ʵܻʧˡ

ʵܸܶʳ谮Ȼϵ£ֻ˷¡

Ҳһ¡

󣿡ҹⲻðɣʵܱҸϵˣĴܣ˿֪Ҫۡ

ѽҹôءǱ˿ٲ˵鷳ƫƫԼһҲûСʶҲʼģڱ۾

˵ԲΪʵܵġҹ忴ſ۵Իʽ͡

ͣôͣ

ּȻôϲˣΪʲôҪǿѾÿ

㲡պãͦ˭㣬ҲϲˣԽԽȤ

㣡㵽ҪôſϷ֡

ʲôûãҲ֡

ٴʱҷԼȻ˯һװκһŸľϸ˿ޱҹ𣿵ʱԼȥʲô֪ˣҲ֪ҹô뿪ġ

ıˡϲĻعͷ

Цݶϣҿ̫Ӹ˶Ŷ˽˼˵÷¶˳ȥ

ô̫Ӹˣܣ̫˽ͻԼôסôһķ

󣡡ҹŶ˽ڴϷŶڴߣϰԵĴ˴Ȼݵҵߡ

£ЩԾҹûĳǰ

ˡ̫Ӹӣ̫ӹܣʲôʱֵĹϵҪˣҪӹҹҩҹ󻹸Ǹܳȥˡ

ʵֱܵӦãֺα˼֡

һһ˭Ҳãڹж꣬Ҳ֪̫үϣҹͲǿԼ£ѵΪҲŻˡ

ҩǰһֱûȥӣ£С˺öˣˡ

 رźҹĿ⣬治֪һ̵Լںʲô˵ӦϣֵòɿĵʱҷģΪ˭ģ

ðɣúϢп

ˣҵݣҪ˶Դ²ҪΪҡ

ҡ.Ϊ𣿡ûҹı飬ҵͷ

.ðɣ뿪ҩһҪȣźõÿ졣

ɵͷȴί 

ҹʲôϵҴûмһʵôһˡҹⲽߵߣҹʱڴߵҩб

£㣡ҿźҹĶȴֹ

ҩˣ㲻Ҳ𣿡ҹҵЦȻַԸ˽ϵҩ˹ݵǰ÷ʩ

þȫִҹݹҩ룬ֻҹ˲ɫŵͨһڵϡ

ң

̫ӵ˵ĲȷʵҪҩҩҲĻص

㣬ȥڶһ̧ͷһۣ֪ٷԸԼϽ˳ȥ

ȥÿ죬Ҳ죬ֶܿһ룬ηηĽҩ뽻˺ҹغţȥˡ

ˡ ҹվǰӸµĿңֽ˹

ȥûϴô˳ֱҹץסôѶͽȻ

ҹͻȻҺܽ˹ҲԸЦŨ˼֡㻹ǲ

׺ҹ˼˫־ͱʲôסˣЩˣڵҹҡ

û˵꣬ͱҹסǿҩ

ȿȿȿ~~ſڴϣסԡ

ΪտǹԹԵİҩˡ㣬ϲԼҪҵǲ鷳

ٺģҵźҹ۾ɱˣһǧ顣

ô㣡ҹЦҲҹվסת뿪ˡ

ҹ뿪Ҳŷ˿Ĳϣټ

ļ컹ǸΪͷҩû̫໰ֻǱҽĶ꣬Ż뿪

ػָϵҲʧҲһһãҪл춼ûмҹҪôôáţĳ˾ҵǰ

ָͦҹǸ̫Ӽְ˳

´Ь׼ŻصҸĵط

ʲôȥ

ȥ

㵱ҵİ͸ùԹԵĴ̫ӹǸéݾͲõˣҪڸǰ˵ȥĻھǸƵطˡ

Ƶźҹ˵Ļ˵ʲôأ˵ûֱ׳ҪͲ𣬷ǵµĵطôû˹ܵˣҪǰʮסĹˣźµס

˵ѽҹεЦˣû뵽̫ӵ£Ҳôɵı顣

ǵ˵

ûʲô Ǹط㲻ûȥˣԺסҵķܽ

Ϊʲô

ûʲôΪʲôˡʽΣȥʥӡϿΡ

ʲôЩţʥӡǻϰĵĿã㼯˷ԣĲɵԣΪ۵ˣҲ֡ʥӡͥԺʿ󣬻ͨжʮ˲㣬ѲطԣԼİ˵滹не书ؼӦоУȫòˣҪҲжʮ˲ôߡ
ǰЩӣ٣Żҹѵĵ˵ţҲ᲻١
͸˵ȥˡ

˷һϣڶһ㻻£ԹԵĸںҹȥʥӡһĻȣֱͨʥӵĻѧӣ·ǽÿһξͻһҵɽˮ
ÿһ˵ѵһ䱦ͣͣҹͷǰǴߴҿϡ
һһ߸źҹߣһɵƮϤζһԿȥԭء






11

һϮ˫˴ȱ
ۼҲǳ½ƶС

ûȻϴڴϣ˴һʽһĺܺˣˣ˵òһҲûΪʱŶ仯ôᣬôѡĵʮλۣҲΨһһλۡ
ϲ𣿡˰ӣƽӣԵһֻʵһλͰ׵Ĵ硣
ҵͷ˴Ųǵ˭ϾʱԼڰܶ,òҲ˲١
ЦЦ߹һԶȥʧڹսǴ

һԵĺҹ̾˿ҵļÿˣûӰˡ

Ҳ죬ҹһϷӣˣٽӽĺã˵ͱȥ˹»Ұ

֪Сûûƹѧȥһҹ

һѧӾͿһλʮĳߣ׵ĺвͣظ˳ţһ˼ӣҴһ㶣´һ󣬲ŰתԵĺҹ΢΢صͷʾҹҸϽں档

ҹһӣ첽ߵмλãбһԺҹСһŵΡһߵǰҶ߽˼䣬Ȼ

һãұĴ鿴ôķ䣬һŵܣ鼮ҹҵӣһعͷ㿪ʼСĽܡܿұ˸µ˽⡣

˵ţˡ

̧ͷһǺҹ塣ѵҲϿ

ҹ壬ҹҲ˵ˣתãҡ

ҹ忴ң۾һ첽ߵҸǰңҲûпȥ㡣˵Žҵ߬УһǸΡ

εĽֳ˳Ц˵ˡʥҵ£ȻǴ¡

ʵ

£ϿءҴϺҹĻ

ҹ忴ΧԹԵߵҹλӣҹұߵλҲ棬Ҳ֪ӣҹī

ѧһλԸսſΪףλֱλӣܵ鼮ɹȡã֮ʱγҲܼ򵥣λȹ߽̻ͬһȻѡԼϲȤоϰ൱ɡ

ѧӣַңÿӶضĹ˺ܽʥӵ˶ǲƽˡ

ʥӶȹӺܿ죬һϲ鼮ȡģҹɵģֻҪܻҹ峣ͶĿ⣬Щζ

ʥӳҹܰԹҲ֪ڲʲôԹֻҪЩϾͺá

˼ϣҹʿѣǼСܵȥˡʥӳͿվǰˣҹۼһӾϳ

̫ӵ£һͬҹй񣬺ҹҲĵͷȻĸָֻˣƽǸӣǰ֮ҪͼʶˣΪԼ˻þ

СˣЩϴǰҸŻˡʿƹҹǰЦ˵š

СˣȻңˣ˼ĵ㣬ĵҪ⼸ҲҹһòƫƫҼ˾Ӧ˵ĸûһԸӴġ

ʿѣÿЦȥֳɣþûˡҹ˵

ðǺþûȥˡʿѸ˵㵸ҾǱߴ

æѳ̫ӵ£ҪȥֳȻ̫Ӹˡ

㲻ȥ𣿡

Сˣ㲻ȥܺġ

̫ӵ£󲻶ϲԣȥǻɨλӵ¡

ҹ˵ɫƺܲˣʿЦǰߣǼòҪȥǱ㲻ȥǲžأߣ㿴̫ɫˣڲȥҪˡ

ֲʿѣֵĺҹ鷳ǳԸ˹ȥ

ȥ˲֪ԭһֱǺҹĸһȥҲһ飬һ㶼Ǻҹ˼һ飬ʿѺͳҹһ顣ڶһҾ˵ҸʲôǸ㲻

ҹͻȻҪһ飬ٴθظ˵ԼҪңҵȻ̣һңʣµˣô죿⼸õľǳҹ˼ˣ˼ǲԸңֻʣ³ҹ

ɣ̫ȥ棿ҹܲԸ˵š

Ҳٸѽʿ˵

ǸһǻȥɡҲϲԸ⡣






12


󣡡û˵Ҿʹ뿪ȴ˽ңͷһǺҹ塣

£ô֪

ӣ˺ҹ˹ҹ

ҹ忴һǣȻǱߣСҶʵû۸㡣

ҿźҹһţͷ󺹣ʥſڼǣҲŸİɡ

ӣֲǳ˵֣ʲô˵ģǺ˿𣿡ʿһ˵

ֲûУϴε£Ŀ

ʿһ˵

󣬻մĹ⣬ҸʵܿûʲôӴΪ㣬ֵܽӴĻԽԽˡ

ҹɫã˼æǰΧѵüӣһͬɣղأںˡ

ҹ忴ңæ͵Ҳ¹ҪңǾһˣˡ

Ŷҽ㡣

ǡãֻû˵ڣͱҹϡ

ǵãҹõĲˡ˵Ҳʵܺúõддء

˵ż˱ȥֻʣҹˡ

Ҹҹ˻ҸҹǷֵĵطҹһͷĿңͲû˵ôôѽ˰컹ǲᡣ

ҲԼһĥ

㵽Ǽѽ

ֲˣܣܡ

ҿ㲻ǲǹģҾ֪Сңӵһ쿴ңͶҳ⡣

ˣ

㲻˵Լ̣ѧǵʱ䡣

㣡ӽӣ㣡ûгԷʹѽ

ģûмô

˵ˣ


ʱȥܿ죬̫Ϧ£ȻƵĹâҸҹϣһںııҹ۾ˣ֪ٹһһҲûȥˡڰһᣬͿԻȥˡһӺˡյļתƣʱϢϢʱԳԲݡ

֪ʲô飬ܾˣǰ̧һվ

ӱ

󣡡ͷһҹѾˡ

վ壬һǰܡͣͣҲ֪룬֪ôͣ

ץ

һں׷ϣȻûһˣ׷ƥٶ֮ߵľﶼ壬ߺķͺк

µǿҵһĲȣ鼱֮£ȻԼй˫ͻȻգҲԭĵ̤Ҳܿƣҵ˷˳ȥ

~~~~~~ǰĶǰת屻ʲôǿҵײʱȫޣĽţʹĶ˺

󣡡

ѵ˫ۣŷԼѾҹ屧ڻ

۾ҹʹıЩת󣬼סҴȥҽ

ҹվֿʼʹ

ǸȻ̫ӹȻּ̫ҽԺ˹ȥҹվںҹǰڵ˵ĺأܣûкôġ

ٺġ

ӣ㲻Զ̫˼վ˳

ʲô£ҲŹκһˡҹǿӲĿʱʹΧûҲ֧Ļ˹ȥ





13

ұʹٴѣͽȻ˫ۣվˣվǰľǺҹͺҹֵܣ߻һ۵ӣһִҵϣһ˫ϥǸ

ദˣСȹǣйѡطѾˣ

ҽһʹĽ˳

̫ҽܲ㣡ҹһԼöţʲôæҲﲻϡ

̫ҽһз𣿡ĲںֻҪзϾͺá

ܱ֤Сأõϣܴ󡣡

ܱ֤ô˵һУⲻܡԴһӻˣ컨巢

󣡡ҹһĵĿңҲŷ˶뿪ˣֻкҹߣץҵ֣ܸоﴫ˵¶ȡֻ¶ûа취ҵĵȼ

֫ԺﻹǲͣԼܻзϵʵ

룬һ죬Ҿͻѡ˽ᡣ

㲻ҪҺܵġ

ҿźҹ壬Թһӿϣ㵣ʲôڲзֲ㣿ؿֿʼʹݺݵҧס´

ҹַңҶ㿪װӻǼҺã㸸ʱƹʧȥһУּʲô̫ӰɢҸܵܣΥҸʵԼֵε鷳ˣӣ⣬ˡҳӣ㲻һɱʹЩ

Ҵû뺦㣬ģҡ

ţȥɡҪǰڳһӡʩңĵ£ӵеһУȫӦңȿȿȡ

˵ûӵһУѡԸصȥصǸʶʱϣԶߡ

֪ʲôȫǿαɵǿ

ҹ˶þòſڵң

ޣ̧̫ԼˣޣҸϣԶԶĿǡ

֪ڵɷжôĳªʵԼҲûôԹҹ壬ƫƫƲסԼƲԼ

ͻȻҹ§ڻĶŵңȫû뵽Ӧƿ§š

ôܰߣװңҲܣҪվߣֻһССĽ䡣Ҳܿġ£ƺҵ£뻹һУã֪ûãΪԶԭҡҾڲǺңûйϵһ֪ң㻹ܼǵҡΪʲôΪʲô޲Ը Ҫôô֪ҵĴڡ

ɵɵĴԭ˿˿⡣ҹȻ§ҿˣôܣһǸǿǿˣΪʲôޣΪʲôҪ˵ЩĪĻ

ҹ壬㲻Ҫװģ˺òãΪҾͻᡣԭ㡣 ӣ㻹ô

һ㣬ôܻһֱ㡣

Ҳ˵Ҳ֪Լ˵Щʲô

ļ죬ҹδ뿪Ժ˯һҲܡǻӣʲôط˯˭ܵˣҽȫйϣ޶ԵǴ粽ҴһʱҹҲ

ʱҶǳ컨巢̫ҽÿҡͷ뿪Ѿκϣĳͷʹ࣬źء

ǷǴʱңõĴʡ

ҹˣһֹȥˣ˵˵Ҳ̣ڲͣʲôʱϵģʲôʱֻϨΪʲôԼڴϡ

ҩҹ彫ҩ˵ǰսݵӣƺе㲻ᣬôˣΪʲôҪΪʲôҪͬ׼ҵˣǿ޺ȷݶԣ

ô

Ȱҩˡҹ죬ɲľҩǰ

ҽӹҩݸҹ˵ĽӹŵһԣڴߣҷҲ뿴£Ҳ˼

ڽйɲһİ㣬ζԽԽŨٿҹѾſڴ˯ˣͻȻ򿪣߽һĺˣҶĿˡ

ʦϳˣȽг

ʦʲôҲû˵ƺã˹ڴ£ʼҵơ

ʦ鷳ˣ̫ҽΪͽûϣ

Ծͷҵͽ

Ҳãʵʵҵͷ治ϣʱ򿴼ʦûõңһʦʧɡϴĴʹҲɵûʦ

Щ鷳ʦüͷ뵽

ҲǺòˡ

ʲôЩҪӴϵңͲҶ

벻

Ȼ

ǺãӦʦܶʹԽгҲϣеһ룬

æͷʦݹһԲεľͷԸҧסһεľǰչǧɫ롣ܿ죬ϸʦ룬ּʦľеһȡںĲ֪ʲôϣΪ򵥵Ľˣϴʹþòɢԡ죬ľҲҧ飬ĺˮҶͷ£ˮдתƴסҪᡣ

ܾЩֵ飬ɢע






14

ֵ£ƴƴǰĵΣ뵽Ǹ˼ϴĸԺʼǸδԸŮˣһעһԹ޻ڽеľͶ뵽ȴ֮С

𸸻Ὣұڻŷԣ汲ľҵҵߴ󳼵Ϳ๦ߣһͬΪ֣ȴĹʼձ

ʱһ˴ټĹ֮͢УĹæĲɿȴûʲô˵ʲôҪʲôʱܸоҴĺ䣬ʱ鲻ҶΪϲϲһŲʵЩǼ

ˡʲôҺĿſڣһԲͷԲԵС濴ٿ

ӣʵ˭صǸһСЩСӵˣϽǰץסߣ𣿡

ҵһرʲôһ˴ҪһңֻԶԶĿţ֪Ҳá

վſڣССϣһ˫Сֽŵ߬ס䣬һ˫ˮĴ۾ϴתССĺ촽һһ˭ҵޣĺܿɰȴ֪ʱԼҲǸޡ

ţͲżϣҡǸߣҸЩ

ҿ첽ܻԼķ䣬һѵĶһû뿪ԹԵԭأҸ˵ĹȥĶɢһء

~صĽ鱦ʯĿɿڴ

ϲǶϲЩҪϲȥץЩǸʸҵģҲûʲôãƽʱĸ㿴ˣҾ͸ǣҴһᣬЩ㶼Դߡ

ŶˣУϵƷ㣬ЩҲԳԵģҶûжܸɾģܺóԡ

ױƵģ˵˺öö໰ĶЦúܿģҸƽʱʳ˵Ĺ£һЦſϦ¡

ˣҪ뿪뿪ҺѹߺҲŷ֣Լʲôʲôʱ

˺ü춼ûټҿҸʣøʰˣֱټҲڣҿŵСʺͺ嶼ЦһǸӡֿҲϴεôңʲô

ôӣô죬С˵ҹ塣

ҹ塣ĬĬظŶԭǺҵĹӣҽ󣬲ҽɺá

ҹ̧ͷһЦݵĺȻͷӦ¡

ҲһҵĹҸ壬׷ֵܴĳﲻ塣

壬ˣĽҵ·ϣе󣬡Сĵ㣬ʪģðͲˡߣɵЦ

壬˾Ͳúȡ

ҲȣҹСһ꣬˵еһʱ򣬶һ߾

壬ѩˣŶܵԺѩ

󣬻ġ

һصҹߣŶС֣Χϵ·ϣڣ嶳ġ

ŵӹúܿ죬峣סڹ˯һŴϣʱǻ˵ԶסڹãҾͲһˡ

壬֪ϾҪеܵܣ̫ˣ

ܵҮһøġ

ҪõĶ˵ϲЩʲôأ㵸ǰ˵ţ֪ʲôã

ǲ˵Ŀҡ

ʵգƺڴ˺þã˵ز֪˵ʲô׼һУ˵Ҫ£ٹͬ죬ԣϲ˶ЦݣҪ׻еС

ʣСŶ

˾͸һˡ

еܵˣЦѰӰӣǴûУںڰĻҵ

壬ʲôҵ㡣

壬ҡ

ôˣΪʲôޣ

˵ܵܣͲҪˡ

еͿΪʲô㣬ܵǵܵѽ

˵ܵܣͲҪˡͻȻץסңұס󣬻᲻Ҫ𣿡

ô᣿Զ᲻ҪģԶᡣ






15

ԶᣬԶᣬԶᣬԶᡣ

ٴʱѾˣõڴϣʦѲӰҹ徲ſҵĴߡӣȴ

ˡ

ޱĿԺ²ҪңһЩõĻ䡣

˺һҹֿڵҸ׼Եġ

Ҫ´

У岻ã̫ҽ˵Ҫ

ҵ²ġ

ǿдӴȴˤڵϣһҽС

УΪʲôԼУҹҴӵϷɼһʱ

ҷŭĿڵܣ

֪ںôԣһģҪϰĹպòá

۾˵ľܾĻֻõͷӦ

ӣҲٻججվڼʹ࣬ȫԺָܻ֧м֧Ǻҹ塣

Լһƶʱ򣬺ҹ屻ǿƼݣҲͻ̫ӹ

վںҹΪ׼ķ䣬еİǰĶ˸̫үΪ׼ģָõģյķһװģ־ܷסʲôԼ֧ס

Сˣõ ˣӿǵģǽͽȥĶȫӳˡʿѿŵǰŶˣҹſվأ˼㣬ôá

ſһۣȻиӰվһ

ʿѿ˿ңֵСˣҹҲûʲôۣĲİŪӵġҲǺڲء㲻԰ɡ

ҿʿѣƽľ˵ǶǹٻӵܸԹôҹأҪҲԼСġ

ô˵ҿûпأ˵Ǽ곤Щ㵱ܵܿء

Цܵܣǲҵ

ҿʿѣһĹ֪Щʲô˵Ÿǹд٣ָ̫үǺѣ˲˭ǲãû¾ͻĸ˵ϴ죬ƵʲôʣʲôԣŪһ񱡣˵ƤЦȫÿľϷŪһĵͽӵ磬Ϲ۾˵һ

Ҳ˵ʿѿ棬㿴ôȵ죬ɣվɹεġ

ҷ̵ҲܰɹΣվһ£˵׼׼

ʿϿɥСˣݣˣһվɣҪ㡣

һߣ̫ҽò˼飬漣ʱҲʵѧ·⣬һҽ鼮Ǻҹҵġ̫ӹѾȹһꡣ

ӣҪūŰЩͻȥɡҹԸ˳ƺҹӣʵʲôνֻǸƺ

̧ͷ˵ˣһԭǵ¸磬¸磬þûмˣôЩҺЦ˵һ㶼

ؿӣūǡ

¸磬ôҲôңһϣǰһҿ󡣡

ǺǣСӣðɡû˵ʱҽ㿵˵ʱйӡ¸ǰЦţҲࡣ

¸绹û˵Ҫʲôȥ

Ŷ̫үȥȵϹæ

ϹҪʲôϲ

ɲǣ˵ʥΪѰ⹬ӣ̫үҲʮеİӲʮͼΪԼѡӶûС˵ʥһʼӦΪ֪Ѷȥ˭֪˴ɹءûа취ֻܴӦ˳ҲΪѡһλؾٰһʶӢᣬҪӸеѡλӰ¸˵š

ѹЩûмҹ壬ԭΪԼ׼ȥˡҲмһЦҹҪ̫֮λ˻治Ƕ֡
ô糯д󳼵ʱĳƵۣҪ˻ʸһ㡣

¸磬Щ£ǻǲҪ۵ĺãʡǷǡ

ɵСӣż

ż

ѽ̫¶ǿʤͷ̫ӻֽϡ¸粻ϹӣЩûհ˼죬¡

Цĵ¸ļġ¸磬ĺ⣬ˡڹġ

ʵЩ飬¸˵ԭ̫Ҳ˺ܺõİѡ֪ιʻȫȨƵңԺҹŻ˲ҡ

¸ߺһ˱鱾ȥʥӣϿεʱѾˣҲúܰ

Զʱ˭ڣЩȥǰפ㣬һͼչҵǰŵĶĺˡ

ˣͽɡûͣ¶û̧ͷЩɣǷٽң˵ϴˡȻˣûл뿪ĵֻĵؽȥһԡ

һ
̧ͷңûԤϵľȣһЦ
Σ
Σ쵽˵࣬㲻˼:ܺĸЩæĿڣġ
˵𣿡赭д˵ţȴҵ˼µĵˮ©
֪
Ϊһ᲻֪ݡ
ΪˣϾǺܾǰһҵͷˣ˫۷·ܿ͸һС
޷ǵһμ档
ллҸܵܣûˡʱˣڵԼҲЩмȴһֱûлл
ҪǻҪֵܵһ˵ôĵֻҵڣ˳¡㽫ҳƵۣ ĪҪĸڶŮ˽飬ֵ֮壬עһˣע¶

𾪵Ŀˣ˵ʲôΣյͺǰ

æڵأĪҪ˵ЦĳƵۣҲûеӻλǧҪЦϷŪ󡣡

˲ңҹһȻ

ҹҲŻص̫ӹȴֿźҹǰǻ𣿷Լڷɵʲôˣ̫ô¡ŵӹȥҵĺҹȫȻûвҵĴڣվ

̫ӵ£𣿡ҹЩŵתͷҸһ㶣ҷſ˿ֹ򾲵ʵ㻹ûϢ

̫ӵ£ҲûϢ𣿡

Ŷֻ˯ţģ֪ߵûʲôϢźҹ뿪ӣҲͲڶʡ

ͻȻ˻ǾҵʲôҪ˰ɡ





16

ûʲôҲЩܿʶӢᣬҶæΨһ¡ڿͥԺʱʱ͵УϸϸĸܱߵϢ㵭壬硣

ѵҲӵݰЩõ۾ĴţЩãվǰµĳҹҪںˣȴ˵Щطһˣðġ
̧ͷ죬ү˵ͱոջúõģھˡҪˣվʲô
ҡ
˵ûˡ˵㲻ضΣЩһãûʲôִѵģŸءں˵š
ҹһԥл̾˿ͷûˣˡһϾˣʱ˳ҹһ
վУŸһʪĳҹԸ˵ȵܱܰɡһͻͣ
һɾ·ת˳ʱĳҹһǱϣŮҷԸõĽ͸ɾ·˹
·Ҳʪˣ˰ɣ⽪õġƽĿڣѾϰ˿
ã鷳ˡҹæǰ־ܾ
Ϊǹ̫Ӹ㲡ˣҪ̫ӸͲܣ̫ӵӡҽ·˹ȥ㻻ɣʪ·ϣҲá
¹ҽӹ·Ŀһۣ㵽¡

һĹ˱㴩˳
治ɣҶæ̫Ӹڸڡʱ˭֪̫Ӳ̫Ӹʲô
ĸĸҲ̫ӵġƽĿ˵ҵģ²꣬һ˸ϳȥӵġ
£
㲻֪Ҽ佫ƫƫҵСܶһȤûУƫʫʸ踳ҸСѧ裬ʶӢᣬҲػնͷǣ汻ʥѡУСܵ컯֮ˡҹһĽĵܵܣһۺɫְЩй˵Ϊ£ӷǳңԼԵʣ˵ܵܡ
ü´ܵѡ
Ϊ˵ֹڴˡ
ǾܸίҡҹɵõͷҲ¶ˡԹòȥֱҺҹ壬ߣǴΪҸҹϵҳ滯ɡȥɡ¸ͲΪôСɫȥﳯسοҲˡصļwww.2 7 txt.c o m (ȥС˵)ṩÿС˵Ŷ
ҡ
˲ţһáս磬Ҳˣ¹ӻЩȥָò֪ʱͣ

ǾͲˣǡ

һʣһˣҿɫȥ

ʶӢȻһѧʿӸ˲٣նĳ⣬ҵʱЩϧЩҵײ񣬱Ӳſ߸ʽʵѡѾڶȻͶ롣

վ۵Ľһһ̭Լûв´ة֮ӣ䣬ѧʿ֮ӣѦǣ󽫾ӣȻѡ˵ıҲȷʵͣĿϵЩʵѧʥȷʵСƫЩ

ܿ쳡֮ľһֱδǣҲڿĳгˣһѱɫۣµ޵ò͢ڵĴСԱʼСλӣٵһԺʵҰѾкöԱλʥϲӣʹʱûڴλϣһİҲ𽥵λ

ӵһ緢ڵе̫ӵ£ȴǻͷм;һͬģֻµԶԶʤλ̫ӣûעʱѾĵĻصԼλϡ

ҽӰڰˣӺҹһţѰҶƵģĴʱ¶ѵһЦ⣬

ʶʴ㽫ة֮ӣָ㣬ΡĿ̨¸ɫꡣ
ة֮ӣ䣬ѡة֮ӣЩԾô԰չ˳۵ĹԱʱҲעѹǸϣЩ

Ǻҹʱһòˣ˳µĴӦȻⳡ˵ʵȤʶӢᡣ






17

ʣʵѡҹڴ𣬱볡ңҲվס˽Ų

֣˵һֱʹѧʿĳӣѦǵĲŻһȻָɵ£֪ǷЩءҹƽ˵ţҹȴһ仯ҲûУ˶ͻȻľٶЩǡôԵĹȻ˭ɾҶԺҹ˽⣬ӦòǸµˡת۶࿴˼վǰѦǣ֮ȴЩֱ֮ĲҲȶǿҹ޵ĳȻҲѵҶ

ʶѦǵĲŻǾ˳⡣Щ۵˵ţǶСͻȻĸıЩ

лʣ׻˵ӲãҸֵܸˡг֮ļѻֽҹ˻һȫ˶ʼ˽Ҹԭ

ҹͻȻλվײǰĳƱ䣬ˮҲһأôһ£˱㶼ͦվڵϵ̫ӣʱѻȸ

ҹЦʵܵ⣬ΪֵˣЩǺܾõ뷨ǣοҺڵİʵ˺õĴӦúúðղǡ

֡ҹ廹˵Щʲôȴϣɫǿ¡

ʶ񶼻ΪԷ룬ңһţ͵Ϊֹɡһ˶ٳ룬λԵĻҲ⣬Ҳ첽뿪ȴߵĹֻӲͷƤλ뿪

鷿˽룬˼רŸɨŮλ߸ϵĺ񡣶ȴ⼸λ֮ⳣˡȻںǻԺϤĸоöǰһƺɲ˵ζİû˿仯ʹó¾ɹϡ
һʱҲһ²ĸ־סˣôȥˣΪʲôﻹλۼ񲻻

ϵĺ񣬲ŽһʱȫأͷŷŰĵذ塣
޵λʶΪִһܵɡ
СûС
ûУɵ˵ߣС㣬ԶֵܼϵŪøӼȻһס
СʲôҲû
ʲôҲûڵľ棬㣬û䣬źŭڵı飬ɱҵĶС
æڵϣûа϶С˹¶ˣλ໥СνͱҲֺ ڱǰСѾһһҵıСˣٶĽҲ޼¡ ǲܱŲСС˻Ǿ䣬СʲôҲû

ãϷЦõ㣬Ҳ϶ǸһеĻãã
С˲ҡ
ûʲôҵģϴΣѾײˡȫûпʼʱգáȥɣʲôҲûɡ

СƳ鷿ƺֶһ٣ЦʲôҲûƫƫûţҪ˵ҸͲϡ뷽跨ҸǶĻλҲһţԼˡ
ڶճʱλ˰ѡѦǣȻ˷ֱ𵣵̫ӣӣӵİ
ͬʱһʥµ̫ӹҵҰ̫ӹסŸ

ŸǸĵطҲӣ԰ְұӡȥĺö






18

ڷŸ󣬿澰£ı¿ҲãĳЩ˲¼Ƿ񲻹죬ҿԾĶȹԼʮ꣬Ϊʲôôأ
㿴Ҹʲôˡ
عͷҹһ˷ܵǰææȥֻһ꣬ΪʲôԼԵ˲ɣ
߹ȥŰڷһſźںڵöץУָỬ䡣
ôˣ㲻һֱҰ׼㲻ϲٸЩ˵ţҹҪתȥ
ˣЩͺãҼ԰лߣ뵽ЩЩ͹ˣ鷳ˡ
ǲǲˡӲҪʰߡҹվǰҵǰ
ô᣿¶ôãһҪлл¡
ܲܲҪҵ£壬ʱ㶼ҵġҹż߬ҵ֡ЩڣִӺҹ˻
ܲܲҪ ȥ̫ԶˣҲǲˡ
ˣҹǿЦЦ֪Ȥ⣬ǸҼ˴ˡ˵֣ҲɴԭأҹȫȻûзҵ쳣˵ϴμպȤпնȥַءҶ֪ԭҲء

µĿڵֻϴ˴࣬һʱˡ

ŶҲΪ׼Ź٣뵯ʱԡ

ҵһᵽɤۡˣ㵽Ҫʲô

ҹ弸ÿ춼ŸܣϲЩʲôʲôҲȱֻҪ뵽ҹ嶼ΪѰŸܿһƶӰһӰһԿææȥ

ַĲϣؿΧһУϴЩ̫һ﷢˱仯һʱԼҲ˵Ц߹׼Ĳ豭ݵѧ١

ôȣң벻ͺáЦſҡ
ǴԸ⻨ʱ䣬С֮á˵ʵԼ˵ϲ񣬲ĸϲԼܵһֺ٣ǰҲΪ֮һ

ҵͷָǰԺÿ峿ˣΪ׼ģ鼮ȡġʱһǲڣԼÿɺá 
ȫ֪Ǻ⣬ֻõͷӦ

˵ҿɽַһʱԼһ˴ţʼԼЩţôɵĴҲͲȥ׷ΪʲôİýһУֻϵ鼮ôҲ꣬Ϊÿһʱͻ˽Ҷ黻Щ鼮Ҳշģ£Σģȵ漰ܹ㣬ʼԼΪǷŴˣҲͲǷŴԼͿ

תۼȥѾǸëͷСӣһİЩΨһӰɫվããİѩǰԵøӸ㣬ӣؼһС
һعͷͬͦεˣһЦ
󣬽ܺءҹЦŽеΪϡ
Ϊʲôô˵Цſ
ΪЦˣҺþûмЦˣ˶԰΢Цƽʱǰһñ˲ҿ
ҿ㲻ǸͻǰҲûм˿η塣źҹ岻˼ĵͷҲǰСȫ˵Щӣ㲻֪ÿ춼ںǽ͵͵

ˣ˵̫Ӵ飬д¡
ѽЩҲûмĸŮϹģͻȻҪ飬֡Ҳôˣʮ˰ɣɱҹȢˡ
ҿЦ˵ҲǣڿʼΪԼĻ׼Ӧò
ҲҪŮ˼ҲѽҹһٵӡסЦ⣬οԣĵһˣȱŮˡ
ʲôһˣǴġҲ˵Ʈѩ
󣬻ֵĻȥ𣿡
˵СȫϲɨһЦ̫룬ȥáִСȫһš

Զ̫ӹǱߴҹһվߣһף̫ӹȥûһ֡
Ȣ׵ʱ򣬶ʮٱ
ΪʲôȢ׵£ǵģ֪Ͳ˵ˣЦҡЦſЩС˵ˣ˵Ͳ˵˼
в˼ҹǿ

ܿ쵽̫ӹſڣһžͿɽ˺ĳ棬ԭֵĳһͶʱˣ˼ҹ嶼׷ϴкҹҲӦԣࡣһʱЩӦΪЩҴûмˣ˵ϻòĵߵһԣԶ֡
¸磡һĴ󺺳ǰһ۾˳æǰס
ǣҵʱ򣬵¸סȻֺѯʣΪϴˡȻûмǶҺõˣôҲǡ
¸磬㲻ʶˣǿѽ
󣡡¸һ˼´ңҲܴôֱԼ󣿡¸յץͷ
¸磬Ŀ𣿡
ǿ󡣡ЦŵͷСӱ仯ҲˣһۿһΪء¸纩Ц
¸ú𣿡
ãȻãСôʱûмܵȥˣסǼ䷿ʼտţ̫ү˴ɨһΪСⲻˡ
ҵķ䣿һɻ󣬵¸ָŲԶķСˣǼ䡣
¸粻֪ҰᵽŸ𣿡Һʡ
Ÿ̫û˵ֻūţÿɨ
ԶԶĿǸסķ䣬Щƺĺþˡ






19

¸磬Ҫʲô
ȱ֣ⲻҽЩ͹ȥǰ˹¸æڵЩĺܣɾ·Ūˣҿⲻ𡣡
˭ˣͦöҰ͹ȥҵ˵öȷʵᣬԹü¸۵ˡ
Сӣ¸ңֻǰ·ЦŸں档

һһͥԺ¸ҽһ·һߵͷӦһ߹ۿ·⣬̫Ӹһ࣬ȲϽ߹ĵط࣬û뵽̫ӹȻô
˭ѽһ̶·͵ĺ飬ǲᣬƫƫ¸ͣ½Ų
û뵽̫ӸеˣȻ˿Σô˴ֻҹҲǡһӾǰˣֳһǰȥ
乫ӣ¹ӣԹӣū밲ˡ¸繧˵ʹɫһԵҡȴûд񡣵¸ҲΪͻȻʶڵңѾǰݣæȥĶǱҡͷˡ
Ͼ͵ˣͲ⼸͹ȥͺˡַ¸磬ȫվǰҵˡ
ǰôûмˣҲ֪ܲѽ˵ôһضѵ֪Ҫ𣿡ʿѼæ˵ǰ
乫ˣ̫Ӹˡ¸æ˵
ǣʿѺĿңҼ¸Ҫڣ˵ӣ̫Ӹϲ磬Ҹ˵ȱ֣ҼһææеĹز̫еĵط¡
¸Ҳ̫ӹ꣬ҲǸ֪ô˵һеæǻɲǣС˲⸮Ĺأ˵㻹Ѷ͹ȥǱء
˵˾䡰ǡƹʿȥ¸кˡ

˴ϵεķΣȻô˵˸߰û˼
Թӡ¸ס˼̣ȴʿᷳƿ¸ûվȺݺݵĵһӡ
ʿѡߵ¶첽߹ȥһѾסʿ죬ǳҹӦץסҵ֣ڵĳϣһȭӹȥݺݵĵʿһۣһƿ
ǿ󣬲ģҼǵ񡣡ʿһԼҽУҶӣ¸ûˤšŵ¸۵컹Ц˵û£һ壬ǺҹΪҴϵģûж룬¸Ҫܾæ˵ܲܰѶ͹ȥˣԺ֪ʲôʱټЩ㲻ʲôš¸˴ϵ¸˸¡
СˣӦǴ˲ŶԣΪʲô˵ǻΪ̿ءʿѼ¸뿪æǰסҡ

̿ͣ⵽Ҳǣϲôĳ棬ӣҪӷָֻĮı顣
ˣˡһ۵ɹȥʿæĿڵ󣬼ȻһȥҹҲǵģҮӰûͼѦޡ
ҪܾȴʿаڻЩҪƿȴҹʿԭЦ϶ʱýӲϵֱҲ
ҹվһ꣬ǵة֮Ӷ䣬Ϊҹĸۡ档
ʱһͷҲһˣһװ̫Ӻҹ˼һ˼ҹæȥ
ֿˣͶȼˣѦһҲæֿҪ㡣ǵȰɡҵͷźҹȥȴʿ󺰵һҹȥ㣬ɲҪŶ

ڽϲõʱ˶׼ҲòѦǵİ
ʵܣҹһͷ¶Цݣ£Ȼҵ㻹ǵ𣿡
ºáҹīһۣȻתͷָҹ̸˼뿪ˡ

֪𣿹ЩҪˡ

߹ս𣿡ʱսŵٿսԷԣʵǸСս˵ҲֹۣѡʱսҲ֮١
ʲôοԸ߹ضģǲףúûʹסƫܵôƫƧĵطҹЩԹ˵
¹ϵܣҪԶߣǲġ
⵹ǣҿҪϼ˵꣬ҹٱȥ

ϯλϣҿԸоΧʱʱͶĿ⣬ȴûһ˸̸ֻһƷŲ㣬ʵԼҲ֪ɢı䣬Ͳϲֳ
˸еʱһݲɣ߳ǰˣôһˡ
´ͻȻֵߣȷһ˿ů⡣ֻǡ
û˵˱ԹԵ˱ƣпþƣоƲƷιʣ
ƶͬһص۾ʼû뿪λˣ˾˫ôһٵϣֻǲ֪װкͼ
ϧôõľƣô˷ˡ¶һϧӡ
ϲβȥҽϵһȫƵǰ
ЦŽӹһһС˹Ｘ䡣ллӵľƣ໹Ͳţ´˵Ҫסչȥ´μɻ⸱
˲˵ɫſ֣˵ϣϲԲЩ´ټ˼ҡ˺ֵ
Ҳ㾫ֻһʱľȣָֻ˸ղŵЦսľƺǵȻ
ʣһˣǰ鿪˲٣˱ʶı֣ǻ

ЦʲôЦ𣿾ԼҲûвźҹҲͬЦݣʵûͻˡ
ңûжȣЩͽˣƵƵϾƣΪ˲١󣬻ûи ʲôôġ㲻֪һЦҪǱ߲֪ж˵أ֪ɱӦðĳģٳš
ͷˣղиϹ־ƺȡҹһ⣬Ҳͣеľƽӹһ






20

̫ӵĻһף½ʿҪȥϲȥҲֻգǺþòҌ繬ҵ档ҹĴϲӣʹ죬ȵˣôУ
ûҳʲôӵģЩĶҲûʿѿеӵʲô
öߺҹܻЩȥһ˻ȥõңΪ̫ӹԴʱĺҹĺøʣһʱҲֻýжæת档
ѾҹֵϸҸһĵһһĺ˿ߣҹɫвڼį
ʿһ·ǰ棬ʱʱعͷҡ
ˡʿʾ⡣
ᰴ¥𴦵ļžͬûнȥҾܸоӣ˵ӣҤ𣿡
ʿһɵЦô˵УһͣӦõú棬Ŷ񻹲㣬ûйϵӴ˵һҲ벻ʵ䣬󵨽ȥɡ
ﵽǷƷλȥĵطҲŻ֡ҷ̵ʿҲ⡣Ҳֻܼ֮֮ 

һţһ绨֦չŮˣһͻȻҸʿ˹ôͻȻһңһæ㿪
ֻһһƬǰббĵ¡֫󳩵ſڵϡ棬ʿһЦǰϣָЦһ仰Ҳ˵һΣʿѣô£

ſڵϵˣվŤǲϸˡæЦ乫~þûæЩʲô ǿɵǶתۿңŶλС糤ǿΣͷһɡ
⿪ͷıݣǾʡʿѰҼϣЦδɢǿԣ
ǲ˼ûʿһЦı飬ЩǸελͲŮ˵
ʿֿʼĲ˵ЦҲ֪ΪʲôЦңҹܸİ˽裬̫ѡʹط𱶼Ľš
ǸƺҲЩϰߣֲ˵ЩʲôɶУ˵ű㽫һ¥
һͽʮʿü裬ôˣûһҵζڡôҲܱߵλɡ֪ʿ˵ЦֻֻۣЦ𱻻ˡ
ᳵ·Ҳ֪ǳͣҼ¥º֣ʲô
ͲˣõĶǲģЩ
úܣҵ濴
ȥȥɣúùҲû
һ˳ż䣬һʵĵط΢΢ľ¥ǲĸ衣Ҳ¥ԼɼĲࡣ

ķͻȻ򿪣һƴֵİһ£һͷɫЩÿ¶ֵֹЦָŷŵվ⣬ݰɡ濴һۣʲôҲûУҿʲôԥҾܾšֽŴϣһӵ
ʲôҿоµľ壬֪ʲôá
ģ
ҵͷ
˵أô£˵ǰ·ҷһͽֵ˷ڵءŭʲô
ġ˼ѵվڱӻǮ㣬ȻӣǷĻû˵ڣ㱻ֺݺݵһ١
۾ˣŮֲ𣿡ԽԽҲûţܿǸ˱ñһʼ֣ܿܲסȥûͽڵϣȥˡ

ȴǸ˵ݸҵСӻϣʲôɵ档һע⣬ֱһ¥סһ
ԲùӵȼˡŮӰϸ壬Ҳһϳְ
㽫˴ʿЦùֱһѽᰴ¥й٣һûгԹء

й٣ô£ҪԼʲôҲ֪飬ȴɨſһϤӰæƿϸһˣ¥ȥ

ҪȥҪȥȴ

ûпһ꣬úܻܸ߹󡣡æʵ

ۻˣû˳ȥЦŶ˵
û𣿡ԼۻϾô࣬Ҳǳ£˵ҹҲ
һµĻص¥ʿѱӭ˹ʲôأƵġ
УҽƱѽΪʲôô
ǸС˹ûϴôˣ뱧ңȴ˸աЩĿ˵~~
һУŪһڣûнңܲʲô
˵ʲôأŽҵӡ˵꣬־ͽеľ˹ȥһֵĿҵ֤ݡ





21

ʿѿҺӡ

ҡֱܸ࣬Цһ٣ġԼģҿ϶ĵͷ

㻹ʿĿҡ˽йٴߣ֮ǰйٻ˸ۣ뿪

ٻص䣬ʿѾѡ˼ɫˣһζȡʿӵұĽڻУһĹͺȵĲʡ¡һԿһƣܱߵҲţһǰ͡ȻҲϿɵĶ㿪Ҳûôȡʱ䲻ˣѾʿѳᰴ¥һžͽĲеʿѶ˼Ҷؼҡ

һڵĽֵ뻹ʿѴҳʱѾ빬кҪôԼ֪סʲôط

ҹ·ͻȻֵĵƹ⣬ҵߡ
͹٣СˣǵҡСεĽһȵĲµĿ͹ơ

ӣҪƣѾҡǿ͹۲ĵС·

Ѿ˺ܶˣЩȥɣƹҲ˳СһȰ

ҡҡ׹ӣסһƳȫȥҪˤڵʱȴνס˵ӣüͷЩҹ壬ôôࡣ

λӣʶλӡƹ߹ʵ

!һ꣬źҹ壬Сӵ׺˶٣ôӡ

̫ã鷳ӣλ͹ͻؼȥСҪȡ

˼鷳ˡҺܱǸĻصƹĺСתŹˡ

ҹ壬ѵòã㿴ˣ˭ЩĽĲӵļһҹ彥İҼ˵㣬㽫˷ãǰվֱ

󣿡ҹǰҡҡλΣ۾ƣĳգšҪúõѵһȴ§סӣݺݵסʱŨŨľҿУǿҵĴ̼ҵ񾭣Ŵ۾ǰļһ

ˡƿǰļһŭ֪Լʲô

ҹصڵϣһΪԼþˣˤʹˡǵŵʧǡ

ĺҹûˤˣǰȥ

ҹ巴Цֿܿ

ΪʲôҪűˣΪʲô?~ ҹţ·ΧһҲûС

űˣ˵ʲôûмҹôʹļ׵ʣڶ˭

ΪʲôԸİ̸ЦȴǶ䵭ѾŬ ŬŬעңΪʲôҡ

ΪʲôܲںһУȴûҪҪҪ˱ĺҹ壬һʱ֪Щʲôߵߣ£Ѿ޻СҵĶҹһ˵ҵĻʤղš

˵˵Զ᲻ҪҵİΪʲôҪңҴΪʲôҪеΪʲôҪ˳ͷҡ~밲οĸͷںҹ庰һֵʱסˣͣ˿УȫӲ

ʲôݺݴҵͷҹǰֵ˴Ǳٱ飬Ŀ޺Ȼһɡҵʲô˲̵˺һδǰʧˡ
񡣶ԾΪҵӺ׼еˣҲ벻ɵϡҴ𣿰޹Ҳǣ

壬ǻؼҺòá̧ͷĺҹ塣
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˫ɫӣҿˣͬԼ






22

⽥Ӵȫϣ۾˿ǰʱо˿˿⣬˿ҵ棬תͷӴͷȡ·ȴһ˫ɫĴ۾ҡ
ˡ
ҹ塰һ˫ȭקűӵıԵǰֻ¶һ˫ĸ첲ǽڣҡ
㿴ʲôЩұ㿪ʵ
ǸǸҹС˫糺졣
Ŵɢڵص·ұ㿪ڽ͵ˣһϵ·ҲŪ࣬˶˯ˣֻȶһϵǱǿ಻ԣҹľƷ̫ˣȻӲ˯ߣǲоʹ󺰴С
û˵ʲôɣΪ벻ϵ龰üҹСĵʵ
˵࣬Ҫһ䡣ȡ·ãͷʵȴûͣĶôһڣŪļҡȴһ徲ڵϣһ죬ⲻ͸¸Ķô
ҡ
ͣеĶվٸҹ忴ô
ĿѾ֪öν͵ĺҹ壬Ц㻹ϲ͵˵һһʲôʲôʲôˣӲļӡǺģҲһ㻹ǿ¡

ġҹ嶪ı죬ŽܵǰģҲΪӲŽǡҹ彫˵Ļ˻ȥֻʵԼ뷨

˦ҹϵ˫֣˵ôԶˣҹ治Ǻĺöӡһ뵽ԼȻᱻ˵һԣǶ;Լܴ

Ҳܽ͸Ķת־͸ѽҹƴ⣬Ҹա

˵Ķԣ£ԺҪͰѶϻǷڷŸᣬЩֻǼķţҡݺݶڴϣת˷䡣

󲽿Ÿ棬κһŸ˶ᾪ̾ѣһеװ겼ãԼȴûвֺȫǺҹһææ⣬ƵġÿÿطӡǡЩյϣڻ·ѾݺݵԹ˰죬Ϊʲô󣬻ǲܰǸ˴Ժ޳

ȡ뵯һǣԼ龲ȴɵ۱ۼ䶼һһЦһһʲôʱѾݡҪô죬ô졭.

ķǣһһװҹգڷŸͥԺɽʯϣԼһֱϵĻ԰ϲңɼǣ˵Լķպ¡

ĸϰߣʱĸ󳣳ңվһƬ£˵ԼĿңһ뿪ˣһҪһǣÿ̧ͷǿյʱ򣬲̫ڣҹ̫

һֱ߶Щ¶ȣȥҲ֪Ǻҹ塣֪վڲԶһֱԥزҿ

лҪ˵ҹһֱգûлӦֻǾĵȴ

츸ʺȶˣ˵˺öö࣬ԭҵĸͰĸףʱĸ֪ΪֻҪĸΪסƬɽԼõѡ벻ɣҵʱҲǲšҹתͷŵҲֵ ֪Ϊʲôϲ𣿲ΪұȻ㣬ԭ㸸סҾȵĻعͷȴҹ̾ϢԶĸ׻㣬ĸ׸˵ҵĸ˵ҲʱиӾͺˣȵӳˣһѾӭʵˣûôиӡ֪Ϊ㣬Ŵڵġҹ徲˵ţȴܸо˸С
һǻСʱңʱϰԵ㣬ϰԵĸ㡣һϦ֮䣬еĿֶʧˣҲ壬ǿеĵ£һĸҪġҳϣÿ춼ѰӰӣÿ춼ĽŲ£ԼһͻԶ˳ҵߡ
һʼԼţ벻ᣬѩһԽԽԽԽԼɲˡŷ֣ǲҲǲᣬǣġ㡣

ңЩȣԭ븸֮仹ôһΡԹıΪ

»صҹҹĴ뿪ͻȻо䣬ǸʧӰҪ뿪

֪ΪΣҾȻЩᣬЩۡվżҪʧӰ

㲻˵ʲô𣿡

ҹͣ½Ų˼Ļͷңǰղһʣסϵĸǲǿԣǰһ𡣡

ҹ岻˼Ŀң⡣ȻҸЦݻǰչֽ¥ڻƺһжôס
ţ·ȴһ֮á






23

ΪʲôԼķ䡣һϲõĺҹ壬ȻŲߣʱѾҵĴ

ҪҹҹЦڴϴһƨϣװ˵˵ס˯
һ˯ѽ
ҲŲҪ㲻֪ϵ˯жѿ˵źҹѾסҲӣ˵һ˯~~
ܲĥˣֻøȥ
ȴЩ͵ϲ
󣿡ڴϣ컨壬ҹڶĵ˵ĺøˣлл㡣һȵ建Ŀ˹§סԱ塣
ΪʲôҪ˵л
ΪҸоҸͿ֣ЩΣϣһӶҪ
ͷǰĺҹ壬ıסⲻΡ
ҹǰĵͷ ҸоðģⲻΣġ
źҹ壬˵ĵ˯ɡһжġ

ԴǴúҹסڷŸ󣬵ڶҹСȫ׼һУ󷽷סڷŸˣҿ˵ףȴĬĬ£ҹҲ·ҵƢô˵հ᲻
˺ҹ壬¸£˵һ٣˵ʲô˼壬ʵݣ˴Ӵӵ¸˻

ԺĻݣյͷȣҹһȻ԰ˮһ뵽Щͳƽ⣬еĶߵһյĺҹǰ˫ֲ˵ôôͻˡ
ʽ鶼ˣͻˣæģҲ㡣˵ŽһִԲѶ
ʲôңٴң˵ôɡˡ
ˣǾϢϢҹһĵ˵
Ǹһ˰һӡǿһ֡

Ŷҹڵһ´ҡεվǰһ֣ȥһˣ͸оʲôѹһҹȻϡ
㣡ϡ
Ҷøˣ㻹ҪôһѶ
Ҳû˵꣬ͱҹסĹ֭ĳǻ

һЦĺҹ壬ֱһǿˣβס죬ŭҪԡŪ˰ĲС

СȫҹôһСȫϳǰ棬֪һһڸ͵һСȫ졣Сȫӣ޲ҹ塣

СȫҪԡȥ׼ˮ
ǡСȫæȥ졣Сȫʧˣҿ˵Ҫԡʲô֡
ҲҪϴѽҲһˡƳۿʲôһ죬ҿǼһ졣

ҹһͷˮķӡҹˣټ󷿼ʣˡ
Ǹϴȣϴ꣬ϴ
ҹæסȥңֲСʲôҪһϴܣһϴ˵ȻҺ޷˳ӣ˲˴·ȫʪ͸ˡ
ûұԹ꣬һ˴ҹҲ㿴㣬·Ūʪˡ
ҪϴѡҸϽ㿪ҹħצҪѣҵ·Ҫˡ

ˮºͣڳˮˮҹҶ棬ɵЦһ֮ڷļԽԽߣʱᷢЦԼȴ

֪ԼȻе뷨ղŵĵ⣬Ͱˮ£Ҿ͸¶ˡ
ϴˡϰ׼õĸɾ·ãתͷڰκҹ˵
Ŷҹϴһ£ҿһĸ·ڻҪʲôƺоҹЦݴıζҹ忪ʵ
ʲôȻô˵ϵЦŨˡźҹ·ȳ˷ţֽϡ
ҹקţûáҪʲô·ҡ
˵.
ңġŷ￴źҹسĵĳ⺰ˣϴ֮ǰ˺ԶԶģԸôţڳ˭ﲻ
ҴֽŴ򿪣·:ϴȻȥˡ
·ҡ
ǲУ
û·ôȥѽ
㣿ѡŻȥ

󣡰·ҡҹƴĹУѾڻطŸ·ϡ
󿴼СȫСȫһ˳Ͻǰѯʵӣء
Ŷ˵ҪݻǿǧҪȥţˣ·˵ʱ󣬸ȥ ˵Ҫůģȵȥ
Сȫؽӹ·Ͻ׼뿪ʱϻġ





24

ʱҰĳˮһ̵ˮͱڰʱʱԵĲˡźҹԶҲҡͷĺ˵Ĵȥˡ

ҹһߵǰͷϻˮ·Ҳɿ塣СȫŽӸղŵĽŲԲµ׷ҹ׷һࡣСȫϱŸɾİײҹͷʱҹŭʮ㣬Ҳǰ
ҹҿ˫ۣСȫӹʾȥˡСȫûͣŹϣ뿪

ĺҹϣһͷͷŪɻġ
ˣСĵʵ
ûзԼ˵Ǳҹ屧Թ˵
𣿶ǱҪ˵ĿЦ˵ţ
ߣҲŲ㿪أȫʵ鵽ˡ硣
ôˣҽŵýҹ屧ڻûֽӴ򿪣ϡ
ôţҹȻЦóһꡣĺҹһ϶û˯ãûнˡ
ڶҹǰеĴʯ㰲ˣԼܣģԼ˽ȥ

ַĲϣĲŪңܿҵĵָԾ̫ҵĸжȻ˽ַ֪
һˣҾȣŷѾҵĶ棬ɵĶ΢Ц
׳ˡ
ܺãûзԼˡ
ˣҵͷԼװһĽס
Ҳ˵װָġ˻˵ڸӴڽһ
ģ
ңˣ⣬˸顣
ֻĵ࣬˿ôණֻۡԼı뵽ҹ壬һЦѽıˣֻĸıҲų⡣

䣬Ѿߵҵ˴һţ˼ʲôֽ죬ǰдĶ˻ٵϽߣĿˡ

дĲ͵ͣûпҪҵͷ˿ʹҲñ֪̫£ǵұǸ֮ˣҪҾͲԶˡ

ɵЦǰ߶˼䣬дд⡣ϽϵĶʰ룬͵͵ؼûлɣ̾˿
ڸӵĹϵܺǰӲҲɵĵͷ˼Ҳ˵˵Ȱ㣬ǸЩ롣
Ҿ㵵̧ͷ˵Ļʲô˼ѵҸҹڵĹϵĻǷȰ档

飬ص˷ŸΪڽʱҹž¶ƤЦûУŸ󾲾ģӦûлʲôʱѾϰĳ֣һʧ䡣ЩԳңŸ
ŸһУվһС壬ŲǸתСЩȷſڡ
񣬺ĬĬһ˫Ĵ۾⻬Ƥ촽ԲԲŻӲȥ
ҵļ򣬻ͷһЦĺҹ壬󣬸ʲôվſڣȥȻһ˽ȥŵǰСкˡ
кûһֺõĺҹ壬һ˫۾Ķҡҵᵽɤۣȷỽʣ𣿡

к۽µˮѾǳȷҵʣŽʱŻˮģҵߡ
󣬿ʸչ㶼Ūˡ
ԲҽϵˮȥЦɿʣǰúõĴʣ㳤ˣú𣿡
һ߰ſʽˮһ߿ſʵı仯֪ΪʲôûлشҵʻҵǵĿǵǰǸܰ˵ĺӣô˳Ĭҿҹ塣
ʹҵ˶ܺãô˵ҲΨһүһɢҹ彫˹󣬿ʻûгԹȳԵ㶫
ʣ㲻ʶѽɲĵʵ
ʶƽĻش𣬽ӹҹеĳԵģܵһһ˳
ҲҪȥȴҹ󣬿ʿǲӦﻷҪסˡ
ʻסȻĿʵķӦҹ˵ὫڷŸһǸ˵ĸллл㡣

ĵʰΪ׼Ĵ̣عͷȴվڣΧҽʽеߣʵʣﲻ𣿡 
ҡͷ
ʣΪʲô˵ˣǰʣǺܰŸġ
Ϊɲ˵û뵽ʹһȻڵΪʲŸ磬Žˡ

һ仰͵Ļ˵ˣܵʱʲôѣҽ͵ʵ

粻ٰѿˡԸԸŸһءܾǰʱϡ
˵𣿡
Ӧ㣬Ժ󲻹ܷʲô飬ֻҪԸ⣬ͻߡ
Ϊʲô
ΪӦǵĸףúõչ˵ܵܣԶһ𣬲벻
ף

ԣҪһҪԭ򡣡ҿſʵ۾ܳϿҵ˵Ψһˡ

¶ЦݣҷĵĽ§ڻ·صΪʱСľݡ






25

˿ʣһصԼķ䣬ʱҹѾ£ҽæӴ
ôǱôЩۣҽͷںҹļϣ˯ˣ
Ҹ׼Щ
סҹ˵ʲôʱЩġοؽҹ§ڻˣֻ㡣
ҹ彥壬رңɲ԰ҽߣҲκˡ
֪һУһ߾һаġ²Ǻ鷳̧ͷźаյĺҹ壬ĵҲˣ¶æĴҽټչˣпհѾϡ㲻Ҫģû˿Ըʵġ
ллҹĻҿԷˣĺۣ˯˹ȥ

Щûиһ𣬿ʱñǰңߵ͸浽Ϊչ˿ʣҲȥַſʣҪǴ԰ߣȻһǰѸʱڽ̵ϣЩ꿵ýܴ

ЩˡƵĿһ˵ĺҹ塣
ôˣʲô˳ĵ𣿡춼ڹעʣҹҵһҲ
ˣɢɢһѡҪ㡣
ң
㣡㣬ȫڿϣҳ׵ĺˡҼʿʣʵҪҹ屧Թشӱұס

תҹִǰ߬ǰԲЩȷʵˣȴû뿪ֻյԼؿڣźҹ˲͸ЦŽѽôἵʿʣͲһһҵܵܣһǡ

ʲôҹ̧ͷɫ˫ĿңеѯҵĴ𰸡
㡣ˣĵڴϣ۾Ҫ˯ˡ

У㻹ûи˵ꡣҹӶѹͻȻЦۣѹ档

㱼䣬ȻйŵǰĺҹѪڣһֳ嶯סûҵķԼǿ
źҹЩɬĺ˫գս˫۵ȴš

ǿһһԣƵ˵ˣˡ˯ɡȥҹʱı顣

ôЩӵͬʼûжԺҹʲôǲ룬ڵÿĥ岻ϵҿԼĲһ뵽˺ҹ壬ֲòǿ̡
Һ£ܵһ˺ϾСڵ֪Ҷô뷨Ƕ֮

ĸ˯ƫƫҹҲôо񣬷ȥʼղ˯ȥһļ£ȵĺ֪˯ˣŷһ˵԰д

ˣұһʯͷϵȺ˵ĸף֪𣿿ʻˣصߣҿضԸ׵ԼھúܿҲ㡣ĸЩһֱûи㣬ϲˡΪԸޣ°ȴʹǺĶӣҲںĸףԭº˽𣿡





26

壬ˡҡŻ߽ĺҹ塣ˣұֻصǰ׼õͣ˳ͷţϴˣ͸Ͽ˯˰ɡ
ںһУȴûҹĶͷʱҹȻڴͷҵ˵Ļȫ˵ˡ
ôˣ㶯
 

ղŽʲô
ߵǰ֣صظ   塣

ڿϽˡӣôʱĺҹɵЩɰֻһ֣˵ӡ
ĬĬĽ㼸ǧ鼸飬ֻû

֪ٴ壬ǵ¡
Բôáźҹ弤ǰҡͷ
壬ллһֱûзſҡ
ţԶſ㡣ҹҵĲϣסҵĴ

ˣϿ׼Ϊ׼ͣҪԵ

Щ׼ġҹ뿪ң˫֧棬ŵĿҡ

ǣЦźҹͷ㣬Ҫò׼ĶҪ˲ɡ

ҹһҸĳΪ׼ͣų˷Ÿ
˵һ͵£మһӡ
֪Ҹҹ壬ɲԵõľˡ

磬ڿʲôվڷŸſڣȫûвѾҵߡ
ʣôˡҶӣſ˵
磬Ҫ𣿡˳ſʿŷŸľɫôãûд뿪Ÿѵʾģ뵽濴
ʣȥ𣿸㵽ߣɺá
ҪǸڰҶ棬Ҿͻزˡ˦ҵ֣һǵҡ
ʣ˵ڶ㣬㲻Ÿ𣿡ЩѹԭһθôӰ
ִֵĽʵ˷Ÿ

ǰСʱһὫڻָ԰лݲݽʴˣСʱôƤĬԣۡҹȴܸ˵ʵԽԽң°Ĳˡ

һ·ϣʶץסҵ֣һҲɿ֪ǵģںһᶪ

¡̫ӵ£ҽעڿϵĿջأԴͶȥ
ҹѦվǲԶĻȴǵӦҪ뿪ҵעת˻

þòҹǰͣס

̫ӵ¡ѦӡҹĻص

ӡźҹѦҲҴкЩ֣ûʲôӴôгҵ֡

û뵽㡣ϴҲǴҴҵһ۾ۣǳʱ˵Ѿ뿪ˡ

л⡣

ĳЩΣҲúܲڣſЩ뿪

һͬһΣ

ӣȫ׺ҹΪʲô飬˵Ĺϵȫ˳ֵܵķݣҲǰ͵ĹϵҹֵףһֱסڷŸ֮ûνɵıҪԾܾ

ӣѦĳݻᣬյüеһͬǰȥӣͬһľ¥ʫӦߣƻȱһÿ־òС
ЦЩָʲôϵѵѦӲ֪ʹֻЩĴֻЩŵĶ
ѦЩŵĿҹ治ףӺвŻʲôţʹ˵˻ţʹ˭֪أ

׼ſ뿪ҹȤʶʶҲ޷

ЩѰüͷ

磬ǻȥɡߡ

ʲôҹȤƽӿʡ

ʣʺʾĻص

ʣʵܷѾ˼ŪеСһ֣ʲôʱǸĲ˵ĻʵܣȻĴ˰¡ԭĵܵܡôǳĻмƣ˫۾˵˵źҹȻ鲻Խ֣ȥ

Ҽæ󣬡£źҹ֪ı飬ҲǵȤԸһͬǰ̫˽ҹˣ֪ʲô顣
ʣȥ

۾źҹҵֲţҪȥ

Ҫ죬ܴ㣬Ȼȥ⺢Ҳǵģôһؼʱ򣬾Ͳˡ
ҾҪȥ

Ǿʹһȥɡҹͷ˵

⡣ѦҪ˵Щʲôȴҹϡ






27

ĸһȷʵ֣Ҳ쳣ϴγͬڰ죬ҹĽֵʱУһ̯̯һֵԣ׳ʿŸ浽ɼ

磬ҪǸһСǰҿŲľ̬ˣǸ̷¾һ˳档Щ̵ģڻʹͼһʲôʡȴͣûпʱֵôǿҡ

ҪĶһġǮһϸûӣڹҲûдǮϰߣֻкҹ͸ҵǿ塣ǰһԥͳȥο㿵ʡ岻ϲ㽫ҵĶˣ塣

ʣܸܲ򣿡

̷ǮЩǮҡлл͹١

һͷѾת߿ĺҹ׹ӣҿ첽ҹߡĸ..һȥһǮ

ֻСǮѣΪһ⡣

Ҳ˼ȻǼͭ壬ǮһỹġⲻǮٵ⡣

ԸҪġҹͣ½ŲһұƽҲˡ£

õģҪҹָ˵

⡭

ҲԿͭôȵֵǮֻҺϲɫ󣬲£

Уҵͷϵ壬ԵҪʲôûУֺαأ

˵ûǲȱĶϵģҲҲڶ顣ƺϵҲҹҵǲŭ

Ǹ¡ҹ˺ѦҲʶȤǰҹӡҲ

·ϣѦ߿϶Щ⡣

ӱҪĶ࣬λüѣ·ĽӴ˱ȱҪЩһĲ㣬ɹ״ѦǵĽ£˽ÿһдʲôˣЩʲôرĹ涨

СĴ˶¥ڻʳܿ¥һһοѦ˵ֻһңֻҹģСЩ

Ѧ˲ѧֻڶ㣬ҺܳԾʲô˲̤¥¥ĸĻ

һжҾӵϰ岻һ򵥵ֻϧܵü˵λϰأ﹤ҲеĲ

ӣʲôҲŻع˼ѦӶϤǳ͡

ô˵ѦЦӵĲɫϾһռ˲ոǳɫٹӶĽ

ռˣ

һɫЩռ˲ӣֻݡ

˵䣬ԶһƬѾһϯ˵ߣһĸ̨ϣһλɫŮӣ̨мһŹ١µƵƵȲʡ

λһ׺٣оӵơѦæܵ

һ죬¥ʱʱʱ価ƮݣָԳһһ¥ǻȥ࣬صǱϡ

࣬ڹжѵأ⡣

һˣúȲʣкãʱַ

ӹȻ鴫ҹͷ޵Ըղ£һֱһҲ˵ڿӦûˡ

ֻУ˼ѵüšѦҲ

ʲôûҸ絯ĺЩ۵Ȼ󣬵ò˵ĿⶼͶߣͬĺҹѦҲ⡣





28

Сӣ㶮ʲôӵտµһ
һδô˶¥ʲôǺ𣿾ȻھǰԲѡ
Χ˿ʼ۷׷ףʲһ仰⵽˵ĲСһﻹһӣҡ

ʣȥǸ

Ϊʲô˵ʵľûиáʲ˵Ҳɴ

С㣬˵Ǹ˭ҾͲţܺ
ǣǡ
ҿûҪҰӣôܵҰ

תͷǸ˵ˣϵŭʱɢȥЩ˲ĴŶ¡ǸԲѷˣԭء

˵ʴС޸ĸû˸˵Ұӣңġ

һӰˡɤӣԶ̨ϵ˿ڵ

Сܲ£еˡ

ҲǼŮӣһ֮󣬱ЦӲŸĩֻ֡СŮҲʶһ¹ӵգ֪ӿԸһԸԾ㡣һµ˾ȿŴݵ

ѦǴյҶߵ˵иأвŻ֮˲ݸߵͣԿһչŻǽϹŵǸزǰµּһú첼ŵľܣӣϲʲôֻ轫ӽСȡ˵ǰһʫʸ踳ֻҪܵϿɣһղ
ǰλҲǵõ˵Ľȴ뿪Ӳƴͣܵõ˶Դ֮ˡ 

磬Ǽʶʶɡ˷ܵǰȥҿûǷݺ飬ǿĸԣջԿ

վԭûжҵ磬ʶ

ûа취ܾ˭ףƫƫļѹ

ˣٶǣҲ˸̨

ӿ˵Ҫߵ澽첼ҿѦԣָӾС

֣СŹǰ

Ūңǿһƽһһ˵õץסģߵأǵıϲǵϲãˣжǾ

̧ͷʱ˫Ѿ뿪ңһڲɨһΧ˿ʻ˶Щ

صλʾ˵һ

ʣԺ󲻿֡Щֵ˵

˷֪ƵʱѾ̨ˡ

ǼʶˣӵչܼѦǳ޵еľƱǺȾơ

ҲƣԲ֮ѦǵҲ⣬ҹѼˮ¶ǡ

ʱ־ƹƹĻľϯһ

ѦЦλǽ˿ӵأ

񾴾ƣ衣

һ˵Ĺע£쳣Ĺ졣еܲĸоұϯ𴦿ĺȡ῵ҲûӲҪţ߲Զһͻ

ӺиС԰ڳĻϣҲЩ

һľĽ֪Ȼ˯ˡ

Ҳûио߽ǰá

ϰ壬ˣһС˿ڵ

ҶˡЦſǰˣѵý֮ˣ¥ѱҵ

Сȥ˵𣿡˳ı飬СʶȤĿڡ

ˡҲһ֮ԵԺ󻹲֪ܲټء£ͱĺ㣬ҲǣǼԼвס飬µˣôԼҲɽׯĵˡ

ˣ׹ӿϢ˵ǺþˣҲˣ֪æʲôԱԹ

׹ӺˣС˲Ǻ

ϾҪᡣ취˲μӣʡܹң²


˵뿪ˣ԰






29

ʱɫѾĵˣһȼˡ

ҳ֣ȳ˹ұס磬ȥˣʣΪ粻ˡ

ôᣬӦ㣬𣿡

ǰҹѾˣѦǻã˵Ѿȥˡ

ӣ㵽ȥˡǸ̫׹ӻȥѦǰţҲһȻ̫ӵİȴסڹС

źҹ·ƵӣֻôӦˡ

˹ÿһȻطŸԼĺҹȥ̫ӸһҾʹ㽫ƫƫҹһ˿ң֮£ҽ֪̫ͨԼһ̫ӽȥ

ǱߣȥǱߡʱЩָһ·͹ȥǰҲסˣⲻǰ׼ķôû̫࣬ŽȥǰסʱһҲûб䣬ϣҲˡ

̫ӵºЩϢ¸ˡ

ߣ߲£ұҹץסҹɲȵվ

̫Ӻ⣬ˣҹˣұȥ

ġƾʲôҲ̫ӣΪʲôһҵĸܡҹ޶˵ƵǽϣҪ뿪ְֱ˻ȥСʲôǸʣȻسҲǡȰָɸңΪʲôͷʲôã˳Ųʲôᣡ

̫ӵ²˽ӡ

ҸʲôҪ˽ҹҿ˽¶ȥˡ

̫ӵ£ѻЩŭںĺҹ

ԶԶԣǰҲҵġ

̫ӵ£ַſ

ҶҷʩҹҺƾʲôҪ֡

ҲڷԷĺҹڵҲ֪Լ˵ʲôҵĳĬȻҹӰԵоȻ֡

ҹʲôҷ֡Ҫƿҹѹڴϡ

ۼ·ˣһã˹ȥæ˶ѵһԡ·뿪ʱԶ̫ڼҶ
ӭǰʩ̫̫ӵºˣѾ˯ˡ

̫һҲûңæˡ

Ҳˣȥɡһ̧ͷԭǵ¸硣

лл¸磬һȥˡ

ϺҹҲɡ

ڻطŸ·ϣӭһӰ˽ҵĻû°ɡ

ô

ҹ忴һۣȻüͷӶĸ˾롣

壬ôˣ

ûûʲôҹɫЩѿתֺ࣬ʸң˵㱻˴ߡ

ˣ ָ̫ӵ°ɡҲǵģôɵݣҲֻΪӵǺҹ岻ǺӣôҲӡ

ǻȥɣһϿѵˡҹ岻˵˵һΪʲôԭֻһ·ҲǣһˣһζҲá

Żûƺãҹʹұס~ỽתҹһ˫͸۾ץסҵģԼ𽥼ӿҹͻʳѹ˫ԣҵͷ˿ҵĳţĽһеĿһʱ䶼ߣֻܱܵĽǰεļԼĻУҪĸ̵࣬ͬĺһʰ

壡̣ͣش壬֪Լʲô𣿡һ˿ǣԵĽҹƿҲڣʹҺܿһô죬Ҳô˽

ѵҲ𣿡ҹһ˵ĵͷ˫粻סĲѵˣҲҪô᣿ץסֻ߬ȭ֣Լȥ

󣡡ҹ𾪵̧ͷѾܿƵĽ˫۵ĴסҹӦңǰҹѾԲһֳֻ棬һֻҲûаͣ£ҹ彫·ǰ㣬ҹҲ˳ҵĶ£µĶȫɨϡ

ˡű򿪣Ҹҹԭأͬʱ⡣ССĿʴſɵ˯ۣ˯վ⡣






30

~ҹ度ߵһµϴű¡еЦÿźҹŵ飬ȱĶʲôҿǱǹˡ

ʣʲôֵġЩţվĿʣ֪ղŵĻǷ

磬ôˣҸչûʲôұ

ǿҸ𣿡

Ҫ˯

Уҹ̴Ӵ

ҵģҾҪңô˻ҪʽҾͲſ

˵оͲСҹ˫ͨ˵Ǹⴲҵġ

Ǹȥҵķ䣡

Уҹٵĳ˹ǰ

˭ҲõվڶҲ֪Ȱ˭ˣƫƫûСղŵġһ֣˵ĸɾЩźȴһҲûйֿʵ˼ˣһȰϢ˯һŴϣ˯м䣬ȻҹһǧһԸ⣬ҶԿʵĳ谮Ҳûа취ֻһ

󣡡԰нһعͷ糾͵ĺҹ첽̧ͷ˿ʱ磬ҹôôͻ

ڹΣҹ役˵ҲͣĶڹǿʵ⹫Щҹ˵زҹ˽飬

壬Ҳǲ֮ˣΨһˣʱҲ˲š

ͺãһġڹİһڣһȥɲ¡

֪ˣһҾ͸ᣬҲЩ׼Ȼصʱ䲻Ҳ˽һĻҲᣬϾѾŽᡣ

ڹĲأҲææͳ˹ûжþʹڹȥϢĹأΪΨһˣҪ¡ԲܻعڼȥʵǶ£֪ԼôҵҲġҹҲȥ˺Ͽʵʳӡ

㻹ڵĿǱ𣿷ģѾȥˣ˸õĳӺˣԻѿչ˺áźҹǰű֤һ֮һЦҹΪҲģЩô᲻֪Щ鲻ãҴȥɢɢĿɺá

ȥȥ

¬

ʳǺԶ·ҲҪü죬ΪʲôҪȥ

˵羰ˣһϲġЩԥҹΪҴ¡ǿҵĵǣҹЦʵǸָҵ飬ȥǸŲ˿ǼԴûŶ

źҹƤӣҿĵЦˡҹ徲ķҵϣƫͷ¡¬мĶ

󣬺ҹʮ뿪˻ʳǣһװĺҹ嵽мֳͷټӢòĪѹֳʱЩ֪ðŮӣ񷢷ƵŴ·Էų˳š

ҹ岻ͬС˵ӣԭСȫλãϲҹǰҡΪԼһ硣ڱѾǸͨòͨļҶ

سУҹһƥȻǴľӰһûзľûǴ׹ҲôΪʿҴԼᱻʲôѵ

ǺҹٰѽĻˣ̡ҺǸж

ҹڶǰ棬Ĵһξ룬ӦǺҹⰲŵġ˳ǣҹҲ˼ƽʱɫۣҲúͨ忴ö顣

û뿪ʹԭԶɽѵĺﻨ㣬ũ򣬾鱼ܵϷͯСܶܶࡣ

ʱǻ¶ӪԼҰζҲͻһϸ꣬һʪʱ򣬻ͣ¡ڵ·һԵĲݵϣűĪƲʣһƬաƬأֻҺͺҹӰӡ

ҪԶöãԽԽصǸʳȥɴ˼ĺˡҹڹĲݵϣգҹͻȻ˵뷨ȴ֪Ҳҵϣ

ԸڻݣʲôҲûеˣ˼ģǲźҹĻϾٻˣ˵ܷžܷŵġ

ҹһſǰϿҵ˵ϣֻǶҪźҹһӣҲЦţֽҹ§ס

㻹ûиңԸԸһԶ볾ĺΪأ

ȻԸ⣡

Ӧң֮䲻ԶΪ˹»ִ

Ӧ£ʵµľǺҹҲҶԻλͼ

㡣ֻҪ㿪ڣϵҲΪժҹ徲ҵϣĿԶĸоܰģ





31

ʮ·̣ڽ¬ڣҹ˵ס¬һұȽĿջ

ϲ¬ķζ𣿡ЩϰߵһԣźҹΪҼеĲˡ

ҹҲǵģԼŪøƵģǵ¬Ůߵ֪СڻʳСΪһˡǲĶ˭뽫Լҹ޸

Ѿչ¬ЩŮҲǣ˽ҹ嵽ʲôݣͽýǰסһںı飬ƤЦ

㵽ҪʲôҪʲôҲûС㵹ʶ˲١ҹȻЦڳԴ𣿡

ԴףûС뵽ԼСϱƵıԹ

ˣЩ￴ϣѾаˣǱǿٱҹ˵ŽҵУ۾ҡԼ˵Щ˼Ľ˻

Щҿû˵ǰ㵽ˣǲҵġҲܲҳŰɡ

Ұ˺ҹһۣ˭ĹҿУңĺܡ

ûз¬˲ٽʿҹջ˸ղſЦı Ҷ˵

Χҹԣмų󵶣޵һ˼ļһҶԽ²ǿǵĴӦòһ·ģЩ羰˵¬ʲô

ϴ㿴繬ˡһ󺺿˵󣬵ǱҺͺҹѾ߽ͺŮӡ

ҹ彫ҵ˻ҪЩŮˣ鷳ġ繬ĶŮӣ˵ʼһˣӴ˺һĵϽ繬ˣԼĵҲȥˣеĹػڡ

ҿźҹ壬СסڹУôԽô˽⣬˵繬£ҽջеɡ

壬ô֪ЩġҲʵ

ңô˵Ҳϰ֮ˣ⽭飬Ҫ֪ЩģȻҵĹ㲻µһǱȫǾûġҹŵ˵ȴһЦ

Ȼô֪ʲô𣿡

ּ͢~ʲôСС飬⳯͢Ȼ֪ܲ飬ҪľǺһҹ˵Ŀڲزסϲá

һ֪ôϲ֣װмĽͷƲһߡ

ҿΪǽ룬һ佭иɽǺõģǽΪ䣬Ľһԡ~~ҹһεı飬úһ٣Щ쿴Ů

¬ˮ࣬ 죬ҹһҴ󴬣һϯ˳˴νķ羰۵ס

ҹǿ죬˸⣬ҹ嶩һϯӵ£ĽӲ

ҪҪһϽҹһˡ

Ҫ𣿡

ҹĵͷ׽ˣٰ˹ͬһ𣬺ҹĻסҵһĿҡ

磬Ʈ档ǹ貣ҹĺڰ簶ߵ֦Ĺ;ˮвƣһýĵķšӼį֪㣬ӱ˵Ҹӹȥڣһжյĳƽ

ʲôҴûҹ̧ͷҡ

ʲôоûлش⣬ֻ֪ĸо

·ںڰмһ˿ֺĮд´档ˣζϲ̫ӣңôӣʲô

콭

콭ʲô𣿡

ûʲôֻͻȻϲͺã

ģ̫ˣҹ岻ŵĿţͻȻһڣһعˣѾһûƵĿա

벻һ𵯣

ĻЩҹæǰ֡һץסأҽַϣٽԼִ棬һ̡ҹЦĿңĽҽ̵ѧᡣ





32

ʲôҷǱҹСƭӸˡǱᣬܶ¬иɽׯ˵ڽϺ嵽һʲô磬ҵûϸʡ

ҹûûа취ȥʱŵˣҹĻһи塯ԴһͬȥҿҪͷΪ󷽣ϲ¿͡Ҳô׽ׯ

ܾʣʶ˸֣ҹڿʱкáǿÿ˵·ӣûмǵ̫˭Ӯ˶ûмסԺҲסҲûá

ڴ磡ǾôЩиУұڴ磬˵ŵĹŵӣпܼ̳šҲαоһλû뵽ôһУĸΪֵܡ

ǣѽЦ˵

ܵȻ书Ҳĳղڴܸ繬֪ΪΣڽʿ˵ǺҪıԣǴųսȴ繬ûжõ磬ⲻǺ

Щ˼ĺҲµԵɡڴ磬Ī~

εˣЦңæ˵ѽͻڴҿЦ׹ճһ֪ӣҪΪһԶķأ

ػ޻˵ˣǺҹվߣ˵ֹȻ

費ŵͭĴ۾ҪҷǱҹѪڴ粻ҪᣬǰЦ

ҵ˺ҹһۣСӲŰ

ЦֵˣܣɽׯׯҪ磬׹ӿɱЦŸҽ꣬뿪ˡ

ҹԼãñͼҹԤϰ˼룬ŻعεҡҡͷҪ͵ˡ

ɽׯׯȻ󷽣òúҲζɿڣֻׯһֱûеüһֱλòõܼޡ˵ʵǲ˼Ůͺҹʧ̬ʱǵǴ򶨣ɼɽׯĹжôϸ

ҹ߱δͣƽЦ쳾
ѵ͵ϰУȾѰ

Դ̤ʹҲøãһ·ɽˮʶЦҲ࣬ҲЩҹҲ˵ҪЩӣݲȥˡ

ҹҵڴǱ£һһӣһ߳һ̸ʱҲڴ羴ơû뵽£Ȼ˻Ϻҹƣ˽£ҹ嵹ҲЩ˽⣬ĵ𾢡Լɽˡ

繬ҲϱȽĿ˳ƯΪҲˬ죬ҹ˵繬˶ˡԵڴ羴ƣǰѸ߳жŪ졣

һƬЦٱƵƵ

Ҵź飬Ųãû˻עƽңڲԶϣвĳ֣ϲʱĴЦݡҹɫ̾Ŀա

һƬ겻׵ĴǰҵĻСĴ˿ȴûлӰӣ紵ķȥ

ǰһƬľ֣ɽׯׯȻһ˲һȻԼҺԺô滨ݣҩôһƬľӡӦƬ˽˽ذɣôűҪ˳ȥȴ˹






33

˳ߣǰһƬ⣬ĹâϵķǻҪҫۣͣ½ŲžںߵˡйȣһϮڽ£ɫ°ھķΧǰ١һ紵ò衣

ҹʵˣһʱ֪ǰǻá

̧ͣͷµŹЦݣһȻʧѹЩȣջĿ⡣һҪߵĳ嶯ȴܿƵĶԭء

ôһҵ˼̧ͷ˽ǰҺ˼ײ׳Ĵ

˼ˡҵͷٿǰˡ

ҶɵЦţԼΪʲôҪӣٴ̧ͷǰŴݣһ㶣ת˲š

㣡ЩܾĿǰˣȴЦ

㣡Ժ˲һ棬Ǹ̫ӹٰˣ˫۾Լʶݡ

ãЦţҶԴ˵ӡһкǧҲӲ˲١

ôߣ첻һƤʾ𣿡

Ψһһʶݵˣһ绹ʧһһ۾ϳ㣬ôһܵı飬Ҳ췭˸ۡ

˭㵯ӵģͻȻԼոձϵĻ

ܵ𣿡

Ȼҵֻ͸ҰˣʱãԼˡ콭Żҹڴǰô֪ġ

֮ˣ˵ص·ģѵ֮˾İ𣿡
㣡 ǿʶ޳ܵļһѴ࣬ƿǰ˦￪

壡ӵʱһյӰǰ֣·𾭲΢Ĵʱᵹ¡ҿ첽ȥҹ屧ڻС

壡ҹһﲻͣزҵĵỽšֱƽ

뿪ϣָĺҹ壬ڵĵһ仰Ҫ뿪˵ء

㲻ǰ컹˵ҪסЩΪʲôͻȻҪߣ

ֲˣ뿪ϣ

źҹ弤飬ŭӡӦ£ҲʾʲôҸڴ˵һߣ

ӸҪ뿪ͱҹסҪߣҲҪ죬ھߣ

׺ҹΪʲôͻȻ˷Һټ˽źͺ£һֱϴ뿪ҹ嶼뿪ߡ

ȡ˵嵭Ķ˴գҹǰһʧǵӣ֪ʲô

´ϣһڲգææ˵Ҫߣڴ˵һûйϣʰĵ㶫ͱҹ˴ԼŪĺۣЩ˯ˡ

·ѵһ룬һֱֻ¶ķعͷҹѾվǰ۾ûпңרעİۡ

ǡҹ͸ӣ֧֧᲻֪ڽʲôɬĽͷ

壬ôˣҺĵĽַͷϣ̣ûзգôô졣

ҵľٶĲᣬҹȻ˦ֽҷͷϵִСӣƢҲҪи޶ȣѾǨˣҪʱһȵǰҵŭȫҹ˫ֹסҵĲӣѹȻһҲһ˳Ƶ˴ϡ

ҹ緢˷һҴŰϵĦҸеһ˿ʹҹ˫ߣ·ͱͷ˺֪ӵδδµҲס˶Դֻ̣ͬϡ

ɿ˱˴ˣҴ濴űѹµĺҹ壬ϴ˫˵۴ϸ۹⻬ļҲ԰εһ·ÿһ缡ƬƬӡ𪼡һܿƴĺỽ

ҹ޳˫ȽҵˣĻסԤ֪һĺҹ壬Щŵıӡ

ĿҧҹܲסŤҲ˴

֪ۣҽסɢעûһЩӦˣҲŲ뿪ĴЩɳƵ˵壬ҲͣҲҪ㷴ڡ

ҹЩһ£˵˭ҪڣͣҲŹ㣡

ЦſŴʱɰĺҹ壬Щ˼˵㵽Ƕѽ

ͷʾһ棬е̫ˣЦںҹ崽ǣʼĽ






34

£ҹſϣҲͣ˫ֲԺţҹʱʱǵС

ʲôҲ֪ͷȻһһʹ߰˱顣һ

Ҫҹһŵģ˹ᣬѾˣѾǰ̯һסˡ

ʲô˵еĴͼôǣһһķ󵨵ĶƣһѪȵ㡣ֻô׵ͼ鼮ô

бһһԲ˼ĺҹ壬ѽ汻СЩǱмӣ֮£Ϊİ죬û뵽Ҷöࡣ

ˣҲסĺҹ壬мߵȫൽϡЦŴյߣС㳣ЩҪҪҲ

ȺҹͷѾұôãôࡣһŹȻǺ޵Ƕɵᡣ

ҹôڽͣգҹһֱڴϴ˾˯˾ڴϲ࣬·ʱѾǼƽϵĶֻб˴ˣһҲԸ롣

ڽƯãڿˡ

ҹҲǰҡڵǰ棬ЩĵӲͷƤұ۵Ľ󵽻

ҹҪȥȴһҹǰǿʹʲô̫ˡҸӲɣͬ⣬ʲôЦ·ôܵ

ҹһֱҪһ굽һﲻ˲ˮͳԵģȨһˣȴһĳԳԺȺ˯˯ЩҪ

ƯֱûȴֲڵĺܣΪʲôҹִҵְŪ֪ʲôʱرϲڶϵκεط̰ĺӣ·ʲôûмʲôʣܻճĿţţš

ûش⣬ִÿʵҹҲƯӦ˵ңҹһжġ

ҹ巭ңȻ󿪿˵֪ˣһ԰ӡһ»صҵĻҶ˵ˣôҵĻʲôһҪΪҵĻ㶼ҪɣֶöˣϧԼҾ͡ҾͲң

ҿԼ˫֣ȱֻ϶ЩֲڵļӣȻʲôǺҹܽȻûв¶ЩӵԴҲʲô

ٹǾҪʳˣӣǳȥ£ǱߵҲˣֱӵ˽ӽʹʡܹġ

Ҳãôûм֪ôˡһ뵽ʣֿʼ䣬ô˵ĶĿǷ̫ࡣ

ҵģ̫ӵǻһͬɽҰѵҪÿ𣿡

ҡ

һ᳤Լİ˺Լѧ֣Զ᳤󣬶ڵ㡭ҹ忴һۣӲǰѵߵĻ˻ȥĿ˵Ϊã㻹ǲҪ̫ˡ





35

źҹĻƺЩǿҵΡܿ࣬Լи֮СŸҹһݵλҲһжһ

쵽ʳǵʱǻƥţȵ˿ʡټʵʱ򣬷û쿵ʳ˲١ƵģͰұס

صŸ󣬺ҹʹҴ뿪ĸʣʵ˵ҲҹȻǰԼĸʣﵹĽϾĸ磬ĸʶʮֳ谮ռкҪķ

뿪Ÿô죬ڶ˺ĳȻӸۡһ֣ȴϽ˽̤Ľأûкҹ˭Ҳҽ롣ɾĲұ㿪ʼһʰ

Щ˵ʲôǰҲǾ̧ͷʱȴ߶˸ӰҲһɣǰǳһڴڲذ壬ʱʻСֱܻʱ棬Ӳҽп࣬ʱЦŻҡ

ſʾЦŻͷңһ£Ц磬ڸʲôǻкöطҪء

ЦŵͷͷһжʰˣҹЦĽţʱĺĽܸϺʱ˵עˡ

磬»ˡ̧ͷһԷңûлػЩ˵Ե㡣ԶҾ˺ҹĽŲ

ôѽҹԶߵλϣĿӸһҾԼĿõ

˭׼Եġ

ҹɵЦĿңϲ˲䣬

ҲûСɫļųŷˡ

˵ûɫѿҪҶˣţҶˣΪ˻㡣ҹһί˵ţ۾һ̵ķˡûƢΪʢ÷

磬ҳԺˡʱ򣬿ʾͽվ

ûʲôѽЩֵĿſʣæһ죬ͳôôУٳ尡

ԾˣҶˡлؿʣȴҹһصλϡʳţŭӵĺҹԺڿǰܵ§ң֪𣿡

Ϊʲô

ûʲôΪʲôﲻ棬ͻСҲ롭

Сߣҿʲôףʲô֪ܰѱ˵ӣҲɰҹЦˣ֪ˡķóԡ

̾˿ӣ

󣬺ҹϢˣһγаۻڴϣǻŵЦݡҲ࣬ĵسţʷ䣬ԴûټҲ֪Լһڷʲôǰ͸ϸСķ϶￴һǰճյеĽҡҶ֪еװʲôֻ֪ǿʵı綼ţ
ţһЩҵĶұʧںҹС






36

ҹУ͢Ĵر֡Ӱһǰһ¥֮ͤ䡣
һžͥԺУӰͣһòվšΪѹķˣû뵽Ṧ˾
Цʦþòˣ
ѽ㳤ˡʦһеҪõĶ࣬ĸʼ㣬һܽκʧ
ʦƽᵽҵĸʣҵû˿⣬ϵҵĸҪҲʱ֣Ҳܡ
ڵ㹻죬ȫƿ£Ҫ㸸ԭĶûʦĻԭʦϲõ飬Ȼ޴档ЩĶͳͳӿ˳
ûʲôǱҵģҶЩȤ ЦݣĿڡȻ֪˵ʦһһҪ˵

û˻ܾȨ
ҾܾҪʲôʲôȨֻҪ

һʱΧƬƬҶʦ侲Ʈ䣬ʦ˫۶ţҸоǰδеѹȣʦҵ͸¶Ųš
ЩĿŵ棬û˻ܾȨڱϵģңʲôҲǡ
ûа취ñţ˵һĲֵֻ˵Ĵ⡣

ɡΪ㲻Ϳ԰ĹһġһֻпԼȡҪʲô翵Σ

һҡͷԭʦҲңҲ⣬ѡĬʦƵǰѵ⡣

ˣѹԶġǲǰ֮ˡҹֻĸ׺õ

ʦǺ񣬸Բң

ôƶ󣬱˵ȻҲĵǰ˵ԶĻλǽΡȻһ㾯ҲñлɳˡʦȫעҵϣϣҿԸ֪˫۾жôϣҵıеõӦʧˡ

㲻Ҫ˹ִʦղں㣡

ʦֺγִʦ϶һʤΡûʵۡ޵£һңµԾȪ֮µĸʡ

ܣû˱Ҹ˽㣡ʦֳԼڵյĺڲҵһμʦòûйľȣֻȻ

ƺһҲȡ

ʦ˭ͽһֱ֪ЩҲֻǴûȷüֻӡ֤Լ뷨ûʲôֵġڹнɣ֪һеָɿϴе

ӡʦÿγֶҹһʼΪΪ˱ܿ˵ĶĿʵȻֻʱܴһ۱ҵʦ

ԣǸ޽רŹΪӽ---ۣר޽˹鹬װ겻ڻʹ鹬סĶǹʹߣÿҹؼее档Ϊ쵼ߵҲȱϯֻǶһڻ鹬Ľͨо

κҲ벻ڽصȴֻʹڡʦϲײζǳµġ㲻ͬһʹֻ߲ܽˡ

Ͳµҵݣ

ʦϵʦҲֻΪЩϾҵĸΪҸлȴԸ

飬ӳ͵Ȳʹѡеĵûܸı䡣˫ǰ£̧ͷҹе¡

𣿼ʹҽղǻӣҲѲ

Ϊʲôң˲ͬҲʲô飬ںܶǰҾͲʲô顣

ԴԣٲʢǷԣˣӡޱȼᶨǰ˵Ҹŵ

ˣҲǣûʲôӣֻңһͨˡҲǸλӣԸʹԶ˽⣬ҵʹҵĹ¶ҵΪЩңҺáʵԼֻΪԣѡۣõһе㣬ң

ҪõһУҸͲҪһ١ԼһסԶѡˣҲῴˡߵǰ̾ ҾΪ׼һУ㲻ǶȻΪʲô˹ؼʱȴѡ

ûзֻиõѡһֱҶûλϰֻΪгһգſʹΪ׼һУҲΪġ
ڻʹѧͣαԼҽԼգκˡʱԼδһӱɽʱĽʱСģͷҵõģֻ޾Ĺ¶įңҲʲôӣԸͨˡ

촹˰ˣԲô¶һˡҲڱĥ
ѡԸһȥ






37

ֽʦ͸ҵĽ˹ȥԺҲҪҲҵ书˽еĽĽ˹ȥҲҲκ˵ҵʦ˾صۡ

ԥȻ̤ͥԺϵĺžһ࣬һŷŸķ򣬲ɵ¶ѵһЦݡ
壬ӴҲڶκ

㵽ȥˣ˺óʱ䣬ŻصŸһţͿҹ役ӡ

ҳȥߣҹĽҼϣЩԹ˵ȻΪʲôഩ㣬ô죿ʲôôҡ
񡭡
ʲô
źҹʱЩֵ졣ЦŽš壬ã
ҹ̧ͷңḧôˡ
Цºҹ֣㿴ˣôأǸˡ˽㡣

ѵһʱߵѲ֪ȥˣ⴫һˡҹͷĳǰźںĶ֪ʲôҲڣźҹ壬˵Ķܳԣѳˡ

㲻Ҫ˵ҿϸİչַġҹ忴е̣ʿˮ˵ѿˣ

ߣЩҸ磬ŲԵġ

˵ʲôҵ˶סˣҹǽе̲

磬ˣЦű˹

ʶĺŶͷԭز֪ĺҹ壬ʵʲô󣿡

ûûʲô߹ȥҹ廹ңǱ˹է£ںһƬƬģ˵ʲô

ʲô

˵ˣĶˣ㻹óе˵ţͷҽ͵磬Ūͣҳòãžûʳˣ˵Բ

ͣӲ֪ҹ³

ģźҹͷ£Ҳʵ⣬ܳ𣿡

һЦҹĴа

ǰסҵĸ첲˵磬˰ɣʶ׼˳ԵģǰãȥԺòã

ЦοǰȥҹһԵĸں档뿵˵䣬СȫͻȻ˹ŻţҸһۼҲ˲˵תͷæҹǰ

үСȫߣּæͣסƳһۣЩܻĲ˵ˡ

ʣкóԵĶ𣿻ҹȥſ뿪ˡ

˺þãҹСȫŹȻ֪ʲô飿ǿźҹҲ֪һʲô¡ֻû˵Ҳʡ

󡣡

ҹߣͷŶʵ򡭡

үҾźҹ˵ţȴСȫͻȻϵ̫ӻ

һͻңҹ˵꣬Сȫ뿪ˡǴҴ뿪ıӰһɲͷԺǻ

̫ӣҹָʲôáҹһʲôˣ֪ܲܡֶˣһµġӦòᡣ

磬ôˣ



翪ʼһֱģʲôһĵĿҡ

û ûʲô

һ£ʶġȻԸ˵ʶ֪ڵĵ£԰ɣ

̧ͷŴ⣬ģѾƻˣҹ׷ʲôˣȥʣֲĿʣֻһֱڷŸȴ

ʶ»᲻£

ʵĻشֵĻعͷʵͷеĽңһ̧ܿͷЦſ,²µġ

ȻϵЦݣȴһҲоϲá⺢Ӳ̫ܣŲʧȥͯΪ˵Ĳ

ſһɧûڶ룬еĶͳ˳ȥҹһص߽Ÿ

壬ôŻ

ҹǿĶЦЦ˼õˣһֻҪ˵һһҪȥ

Ҫȥô𣿡

һӦңҪ뿪Ÿ۷ʲô£ҪһźҹᶨֻеǣƽĵͷȴΨһġ

ҹˣվڷŸߵ¥ϣȻҲʲôȴվΨһܴﵽߴ㣬㿴ҹûУһԼϾͻֻҪغ

磬ҹˣ㲻Ϣ𣿡תŲ֪ʱĿʣӹ£ҹգϢ𣿺ҹΪʲôûл

ʣˣȥ˯硣ƣգ۾ҸϽ˯¡





38

һվΧǰ紵Щ̹ǡ֪վ˶ãЩ˫ȣǰζһѣǰڣַΧǿš

ಡһҶʱ񣬿ŴͻȻļʸεǶԲϣڼͷһɫ˿߹ȥȡ£˿׵ּ޷ֱΪ˿ϵһӾϳʦϵζ

£ȡʱֻ裬ٲ

ż̵־䣬ʦͨˣٱҡ

뵽ʦǹҵģҪҲŽͻءôȻ뿪ʦġЩջڣֻǽûбҪȡˣԼѾҪˡ

˿õǰյ֪ʱĺҹʲôˣӦȥѽȡʵڲУҿԽ˴ʺͺҹ뿪ʹͨ˵

뵽Щʰһ£ĵ뿪˷ŸͥԺȥ

һ·žľƺЩ죬ҴŲľǿŲ£ڽĽɢ΢ĹâȴȫǶڣ׵ؽȡС

һ˲䣬ǵĻѣм䣬˳ϵĳ棬ҲԾսеĿܡԶĻҿ£ǰܵȼա

ڳˣһŭͷ̧ͷҰΧȺΰֳֵָ

Ⱥóһҿҡ˳λҿʶ̫-ҹֻǲ֪Ǿۼһʲô

û뵽㣡ҹңƺһ

ҹ㵽׸ʲôãҲĻصȴһֱиʣΪʲôҹҲأ°ɣ

Ҷ̫ӵ񣬻־ܣĪҪĳԶ֡Ĵʿٵұƽ

ţҺôʶһƤ֮࣬Ƿͬһ

ҹ˵ʲôȫ֮λ޴ǣʲôͬҲмĳ

ҹǱʥϡֳڴˣֳҽƱ硣Բʾ⣬㿴һС̫౧һŰƵ˹ͷĽС̫໳ĶץҵǰҴۣеǰĶ

ЩϤΪ˱ʥ̵Ϣзкλ˵

ŵϵĺ£뾮еǼôᱻҵ˵ľʵ̣˭´˾֣ݺҡ

̧ͷǰʱӲɵýסԭҹҲڣҿȫʡ
壬ҲΪһ

ʵܣû뵽ıʵ֣ͲڻʵܸС

㲻ǴӦңһȥΪʲôΪʲôҹȫҹ䳰ȷֻһζ׷ҡʱҲ֪ΪʲôҴҵĻصŸΪʲôҪҵ

ֻΪʲô㲻أңôҲģȺҹӿ϶֡

·ʲôˣǧΣġһֻһΣˡһǸ

ҹĿԵʱһƣΧʿҳɱᶶʣһߡҵֽӹǰһɨײ˵¡ңͷ£һƬҡ

Ȼ֣֮ɼԤıҺҹһ޿ŵҡ

㡭ƭҡȻСһ˺ҹĻʹı۾ʹءٴʱѾָĮԼݵĴ
壬û·

ӵϮֻܱ˱߽Уܿص˵ϣܱߵʿΧһܵУʮҹҲӦˡοҸɱˡ

мҹҲ֪Һ¼Ѫɱˣһ뵽ԼմѪͻŵĴ˯оѡΪʲôǻҪҳء

ٵıģΧ˱˺ֻٹԼѾƲסԼʽҲմʺѪҺ

ṦãԶٶȼ죬Ǹ˲ҡ˵ԽԽ࣬ЩԶҲվˡҹҲٽƷңҹҲļս֡

ҹ潻棬ҳ㿪סͺҹʽܿϾͶ˼ʺӡ֪ͻΧȻᱻ񣬵ʱ·һ

Լ벻취ʱͻȻ˺½ȻҪܵܵ

ҿԶһö̵סʵĲӣһһʹͷһһѾ͸ҵļΣҹȫĴǰɵɵĿŴڵĽƿǰˣתҹץڻУóסĲӡ

ס֣ŵʱ˶˺

̫үҪСӵвûм˳ĿʣҲͣŸ硣

üͷݶĶ˵һëҾҪȫᡣƳһۻеĺҹϵ̫ӵ¡

㵽Ҫ

ĵԶ㣬Ҿ˵ò·ſʣҲſ˵Ҫһƥ

ΪԼӳ𣿡·ʲôЦһȫȻеĽҹƽһЩŰҵĻȥ׼ǧҪЩ

ЦģʱȫĺܣһҪ뿪ǱǵĶֵǮ

Ҫ뿪ԭزĺҹ壬Ӧǰȴ˻ȥ

ҿźҹ壬ʱ㻹Ҫ𣿲ǰʲôԶͨδ





39

òҪʲôҿûôġźҹһȥ

~㲻Ҫ𣿡ԶĿһ㱻˵Ӱû

Բʣ粻ܴ㣬ڵ۴ôһ𣬰Ϊѡ

ܿĲ½ƥǣʾúҹȥȻҲȥֻʸ߻ܿŭ쵰ֹͣ˵̫ү

Ĳ»ͦ

˵ҵֵǮҹɵĻشЩƺǹⱻҷ

Ҳ˵ҹֿڵΪʲôϿʣΪҪ

סҺҪҪץסңͺúõΪٵʹġ

Ƕҵ𣿡ҹЦ̧ͷΧľɫѾ˻ͥĽҹܿͻ㡣ҾӸµĿˤڵϵĺҹ˵

ʿһĴѲ䣬㲻ҷ𣿡ҹ̧ͷӭҵ˫ۣʵ

ûҹתͷһ·񱼡

ҹܴߣû˽ڵ״ںҹǰǿţٳЩͲ֪˭˭ˡҵѪѾȾ·ڵɱڵĶûУ˵Ҳɱҵ˼ӦòԿʹɱ֡

ϣһֲ˫ֱЩɢ۾ֺһϾҲ

ķӶߴܿͱһЩӵǡôͱ׷ɿ׼ʱϹȴ뿪ǰݺĴӿٶȡ

ҹ䵽ϵĲƺϡϣ׷ҵʿ׷ŷһֻϣܰǴԶһЩ

ҷվһǰߣΪȫûʱͣҪ֮ǰҵ֮ˣǾͻᷢϵˡûһ㵽

ǰ߳Ƭɭ֣ǰһƬׯԼǰȴǡ¡ҲԼ۾ΪʲôǴׯһéҲãûУʲôҲûС

ڷȥѾûҪ

Σһ·ϵΪУǰĶ²ϵ֣׵ľҵĺ·ûѡĳȥ

ʣԲ𣬸ҲزȥˣҲãҲңͻᴦң㻹ǰȫġ

ԺҪԼˣҲչ˲ˡ

壬ԲһʧɣϧûлֻܴͣŶıһʧ

ĺð㡣

ǰĶԽԽĺΣЩѣ֪ʹҲѡĲ·Ҳһ˵̫ˡ

~ϴʹʲôǿн룬Ѿֲʲôнˡһ׹أӣֱĽվס

׷Ѿǵģܰǰ滹һ㣬һ͵ˡ

ǰһҾͷżˡһתͷԼѾվ˹ٱ

ȫòںֻһֻ꣬Ǵʱ㲣ܡҲʲôģҵߣôòμǡ

Ҳ߲ãվߵ㣬վߵͿˡ

һĺˣʯӲι̵ĴӸߴ䣬΢磬Ļζ

һҾķżˡҲ׺ҹΪʲôôţΪʲôҴУΪʲôҾ𹭼

壬治㡣

ҡ

ңƬҵ֡

һزȥˡ

ܰչ

ҡҡλεվ±ߣʯ䡣

ҲʲôֻҪ㲻ɵ£ʲôӦ㣬

źҹʵһҿЦˣЦЦ

Բ壬ѾȲҿȲǵδ

󣬲

˽ұĺҹסĵı۾岻ס³֪ʲôʱͷʶѾڡ





 1 

С㣬С㣬ˣ۾ΧİĻ˵һҲûУÿ~

һСѾͷǰϲţȫҪһˮĿ

СˣҿˣȥŪˮŮҲתͷŷҴͷŮӣ˭ͷʹ̫ʣƫƫʲôҲ˵

ҿǰλС㡣һʱŮбô˼ҿǺΪۻС˵СһֽˮƸҡ

ľˮֲܿƵĶˮҲ˳һָֻҲס֣ˮߣҵĴߡ

С~

ԥһ£ǽݵߵˮˡ

СҲǵģ飬ҪСԶ֡СݹλСпŵıӣֳʵιʲôˣʲôģôˡɲ֪СΪҽôɵˣ˲ӡ

ûϸôСĻֻЩĿһ

Сҿλ廹ȳȥùӺúϢСû˵꣬ͱλС˳ȥ

С㣬ҲǵģҲ֪ǸʲôͷҪǸ޶ĻˣӦСੲݵ˵ţ˵ĽŲԶȥˡ

ڴϣԼµŰ״ȫãǰ·Ѿ֪ȥ򡣲֪ǶȥˣյǱ˷֣Ǵ鷳

ס˰£ҲĴӴСÿ춼ǰ˵һѻ磺 ôڲƺ߷ңΪˣ˺ôһӣŽ˴ӹŹ˻

СеС㣬ڴϵļ죬СչˣȫûдСӣȻСС㡢СĽţҵãʤ͡

С֪òĴСǰ߶ȴͭ۾ңе˵ѽһΪء

СԹ˵˵ֻСƤȻŻشҵ⣬԰أԵٴ塣С̽ףŻֻᷢ赹·Ե㡭

԰ʳǲԼôģȫûӡѵǰ˵ҴġҲ֪͢ôˣ˵԰ʳǲûзҵʬ壬ǲֹͣѲģʼղǺܰȫ

ڵʲôʵе¶

뿪֮⡣

ǹδðȻ̶һĵ˵šСҲһԿ˵Ҫ뿪ɡСҲһʱˡҲ뿪֪ûȥСҲ͹һ̣ڳǲףǹؿҲַ֪ʲô¡

ңûáȥأ뿪ʹǼҡʹͲҵļңֻһֱ

¬ɺáСЦ˵š

¬Сᵽҵĺݺݵıײһ¡

¬羰һϲģСǴ¬ġСϽҽܣǰĳҲôҵģȷʵ

ӵ׾úòãʲôôңҪһƵġСô˵ҲŴʧԲСǲ鷳ԸͬС

鷳鷳ǰС㡣СЦƳһֻͨ죬˵ͷ

ûգǱʰװ··ңԶˡСﵽܴһûУСﻹִҪλϡټĳھʣҸˣЩŤ

ҹصڳڵһǣҲ֪δ

ʳԽԽԶһ·ȴûһڻʹϢ֪û¡

վסţһǵ֪淢ʲô¡Ҿȫųš

λүûпǳϵ𣿡С

ʲôң

ҽŵսȭͷ̧ȴͶĿ⣬ҷġӲõģСᴦġ

¬?ʲô

үûм¬Ļ¥¬¥үһɡ

Ŷ¬¥˵أɣ֪⳵λ䣬ͼҿһǣܿ

λүôôأѵ֪¬¥Ĺǲģ˵Ŀ¬Ҫܼġ

Ŷԭ¹ʧˣСֿʼ߶ɵͨҾ̫˼ˣʲôˣٲҵ

ͣһ¬¥ҵ¥ǰ棬¬Ļ¥ȻʳǵӸɡÿ¬¥Ķ;ͳˣ¬¥¬ɫ֮һ

ǴθҹôͰôĵط©أ

ðɴ棬ӳгҲ¬¥ӿһȺŮӣΧסʳʶ̣麮˰졣

㣬ôʵǽġ

ŶûмôĹӡ

Ǻøôõ˶֪ôƺ

ͻȻһתѾһȺŮΧסȥ

СôˣλӿҼСĿˣôҼСĿˣСͷһСΪҵӿŮӣֱ׳վǰ

СѾͷ˺ˣҲˣջһлҪɢ˰ѡһŻŮӣſվţǲɢΧһĹǡ

áòǰ

ͺáŮסһͬ¬¥

ӣʲôȥѽղżľ¬¥衪«㡣µģҼСɺˡӿԷĵסСһҽܣһŶ˽ȥ

Ҵһ᷿С˼·˹ӻʲôҪ𣿸ղҼС˵ˣͬס£˺˵㿴˵ûдɡһӦСġˣôˣһֱ˵ԼʲôҼСôĶݣܸ͸¶һ°ɡ



ʵСˣƫƫҼСţ˵ʲô˵ȻǣǶôȥˣδйڹӵ飬ѵҲ֪𣿡Сǰʵ

ҷеĲ豭ǸʥЩСҵչˡСûһ㻳ɵӣҰ̾˿ҵľҲκˣ˵ʵ棬ҲǴ֮֡

ԺСͳƺ

СԸ⣬ƺ³ʥͺá

ôУҼС㶼ӣӵĽС˲֪˵־һԵĲΪ,ĳӺϲ裬֪¬زĲҶӿϲ

ܺáҽСĲӹǰڹܻΪ׼һУûĻᡣ

һ˷Сǰ˻Ρ ַˣЩ֪ʲôʱϲʱģССܵġ

˼ùСˣĳ¡赭д˵šͲ֪Ʈȥ

ֺˣҹҪȰ֣ڸңΪԼУڴϷһ죬ѾǵһˡԵ٣¬¥Ҷʬһ֪Լʲô鰮ҲΡ

𣿡СûеһػѾˡ¬¥ѾСˣһڣҴûгȥҲ֪ΡÿСﶼᰴʱҩǲʼղת

Ϊʲôء

С𣿡

СĵȼһҷЩʵı˱۾

С˵ˣǱﲻãԸ빫ӵСݣѵһĪҪŶ ͵֪¬¥ռˣճȺټ޶ˣǳ¬¥ͷơ

ûҴӦСѾǰҡԾܾ⣬Ųص˴

ҵʱѾñͣҲѾǰǰ磬޷ĿֻԼһģģΡ

С˸£ҲȥȺ¬ǺպٹԸͶؽֻΪһ

һ۵ĽѾĪҡ

죬ڶԼ곣˼ȴɫûĿʹ˼鰮ȫǰ֣ץס£ֻǧС

׶֮ʹʵͣҵͷҲʹȲѾſڱȥؿڿƵԺ

󰡿󣬱ΪԿѡǣ㻹⡣ҲǸòŲµث֡Գĳ¥⡣

ҵ˼еǣֻ뿪һˡ





2

Ĺûע⵽߽ˡײ¥ţ˲ϵǸ˲һУСĺҲšһֻѡ

ˣһͷǽϣҲ֪ԼôˣֻԶԶֻҪһۡǿҵĴϢ˼

˽ַҵļͷҵһҲ֮ѣҾ̧ͷһźÿȴİݡǽͷվתͷ뿪κ˿ǵӡƫƫ˲֪ôǰ

ֵܣαӾǱİ֮ˡͷʲô氮Ƿ곡Ϸα̫档һͬĿңԼж˽Ƶġ

Ҳ˦Ҽϵ֡Զ㡣

˦һ֣һִֻҲͷѣ˶˹ֵƵĹб۵Զ㣬ȴһȫȻ֪ӣƤЦ˵Ůα̫أӦöǧҪʲôѽѽǣ˵¬¥ĹﶼǮˣǸʲôֻղΣڷ糾УЦ

ҿˣȫȻ˵ʲôȻҳʱײˣԹã˳Ϊ¬¥Ķ͡ҶĻȫ޷ӦָĿڵѵΪŮˣΪˣ˾ȵĿңȻһȻ˵Ҳ뵽ѵǿ¬¥Сģ뿪¬жˣȻ֪¬¥ڵСĿôû˵꣬ѾḧĹסҵ°ͣǵģǸʲôˣôǡ
Ȼ˼°ͣǸôءҪ⼸ȥ˾ǣôء

֣ȴ˵ǡͣ¡ǣҿˣˣЩӶûе֪һ㾩ǵϢǸѾҺԶĵطôǷͨҡôˣôˣ

˵Ҳ֣ǸŻ˵ӣ˵úõһôͻȻ͵ʧķأ

ʧķ裿˭ô

ЩѵĿ꣬ǸմӾǻ𣿾Ƿʲôˡ

˭ʧķ裬˵˭Һ

ûҴлѾסҵͣôʲôҪҪȥ˵Ǻܵ飬ҪǸҽҲõôܡһǰȫƿѹǽϣʵô

ͻľٶһȴƤЦĿڵΨһһô˵ˣȤôʶӡ۾ϵ½Ҵһ飬һζӡ

ȴûôõ飬Ӵ־ʹüȴһҲûзſ˼ӣظһ顣

ʲô£ҵѾκˡڹоҷſҰŪʹˣһԹʹ

ιȥ

ǰ˼ͱ˳סҶ˵֪ģô㣬Ƿʶӣ

һתͷһЦȻҡͷ

еһѪҿǰһڣ˹ȥ






3


ʱͷ΢΢ʹ

쵽׷ʲô飬ô

ΧİĲãȫͿˣԼ

ű򿪣͸۵ĹâһӰΪҵסǿ⣬ۿ˵òʵ㵽ʲôˣΪʲô

һڣҷһ㶣ô¬¥һֱģ˵ôͻȻôҲˡ

ιιι㲻ʲôǵðɣͻȻ赹ˣҺòײŰŪ㲻лҲˣһҰӡӣûжôù˵꽫һںĶݵǰ

ûվϵ·Ĩƽȴ˶ҵءתǸԳҵľ˵ļһ

붫˹˵ˣ

˭㶯ҵĶҡŭ

Ϊס겻ǮҩһǮҲûУһ廹ֵǮˡ

ˣǰһ죬ƾʲôȥˡ

һûƵĿڵֻҪ1ǧӣҾͰ

һǧǸԲֹһǧ㵽ȥˣҺҪ֪֪һƴӣǰˡ

˵ˣֻҪõĳһǧҾͰ㡣

üͷ˵һǧһҶһõó

ǣҵĶΨһĶˡ뵽ؿֿʼʹסĿԡ

˺ˣˣ㣡

̧ͷ壬İɳƵĿڣллȻСĵķŻصؿڡ

ǿֲǺֵǮӻϡأׯЩһŪøҪƵġ

ҲֿڵʲôӲ¬ˡǸҽɡ

ʥǸһҩǮ㡣

Ǹжˣ֪𣿡ǰʵ

ж

Ҳǣ㲻϶ҩΪẦңĶҪôء˵ʲôУǳԿ

εüͷôôһҲͣ

뿪˿ջһڣԴ¬Ҿ¬¥ÿ춼ģ˿ѪȥҲ侫ˣѵС˵жˡô᣿

СӵĻҲţһƦ֪Ǵðġ

һˣɿڣŲҲƶˡ

ǰ¥ɣѵ¬һ΢ķҵ

ţţģˡ

ںӱߣҿź

·˿Цң·ɵһ㡣

ȫȻ¬ˮ

ˮϵӳһ磬۴ŨأͷҵˡҲԼһ

潹࣬һݵ˵˭

ҲãһҲĻᱻϳǰǰҲϲ

ҽϣӦúܿͻ֪ǻûлټǸǣһȥ

ҶźЦ

ǲȥͺˡ

˼šˡһˮһعͷһЦվ

ô𣿡ǰ̽̽ͦģ

ңûվ

㵱˭ѽҸ㣡켱æ˵

ȻǸ٣ǾģҵģתҪ뿪ȴһѳסι˺ûȤҾһղֹӣмûУôˡ

˭˵ҪˣԼôΪ

ף㲻Ѱ̼~һھȥǰ

ߣתǰ˵ӵģأ

ҡʱûУ

һЦˣǿסһǷǮǮӡûУҲܣ㻹ûлӣҾ~

ҽجģСӸţҲŹ֣ұϲһˣ©ӣﻹˡ

ֵ£ҾȻʹĴӦˡ

ڲѡ

Ҵ¬¥ſڣһʵһֱס

ûȴһǵ

ӣһҹδ飬ʲô飿

ùﵣˡǸϸ糾ˣһ䣬ҲûϸʣԸСΪ׼Եġ

ﲻ֣ĳǴţĳеʱǡҪȥһУ̽˵

ӿȥһǵĿҡ

ҵͷָ˵ҵܣҪһ𡣾Ͳܾڴˡ

֪һ뿪ӷǷˣֻû뵽ô졣Щѹ˵תԸСΪʰϸ

ĳĴ£ĳûһʥᱨġ˵ҵһڣһֱܵչˣ׷ǹʣȴ˴ңʱ֮ձؽر

СһûȥֻǾòͣڵңҲȥһҪʴǸط

ﲻϵһ

û뵽Ȼʶ

ָ

¬¥ͷ֮һأƽһ涼ѣû뵽ˣ顣

ͣ²ӣһѾɵڣĻصҪٸ˵ŲҸͷ

вĿ⣬ɲɵĽסȻԹԵı졣

ҷſǰУɱ

Сӣһ书ǰǿ

һ뵽ЩЦˡ

ɰ˽ǼͷӣҲûǮӡƫƫӸҼƽϣȻ֪ǹģ˵ʲôϾҲ̫Ƿ

˵ˣҸСź죬֮ĿҲˡϣദӡ

߽ͷİ赹ȫھֻһŴôס

Ϊ巢ϵԶЩ飬ЩУҲʵҸס

Ҫҿˣծ㵱ȻҪסһˡһֱ׳ȫûָ

ǾһŴҪ˯

ŴȻ˯ˣ㣡һĻͽˡ

㣡˵֪޷ģǳĵѡ

ЦȻôҸط˯𣿡

һڣƽ͵Ҹط¡

治֪ԼʲôùȻһƫƫһҾͻԼûôһ˼ƽϣ

һͷȻڴߵϴջҹ






4

ڿʲôô񣿡

ɵҲŷԼֿҹշ



˵ˣҲŲ֪أ˯ˣ



Ǳûһ˯ˡ

Ҽе£λεϡһʵҹҹϤҲͬİ

壬ʣǺʲôҹǷҲҡ

ϣ֪Լʲôʱ˯ˡ

ڶԼź·Ѿˡ

תͷɻ˯

·ȡڴϣ˯ɣΪ

վҲûôᣬҲԼĴڣҪôôһԼߡ

ţӵԽԽ󣬺һȺ~ǸʲôѽľôڣС⻹Ҫģƹż⴫عͷһɲ֪ʲôʱѾˣŽܵԣ͸ϸ죬ֽܿϣһ޴ȥ

ԽԽҿɣʵ˰ɡ

ңҪǳһأ˵ǰвˣҿľˣڿ㱨ʱ򡣿죬Ҳ

ƽвһ𼱻ǵӣЦҲкµˣ

ҲŲ£ֻǡ㵽װﲻ

ҺЦץסǰӶ˫֣һֻɵĽ˿ɢ䣬ĲŪǰٿһŵĿң·ʲô飬Ұ

ּ£⿪Ҫʲôҵĵ֣һܾ§¡

ϣ·͡ȱˡ

ʲôҿɲǡɻû˵꣬˵ĺϽĶ˴ٵķ

Ҳûţͷҵһ´ȥţֻûдšžͱһ߿ˣĸӿ˽Ҷһλӡ

ӻ˽ҿһˣЩ죬һʱҲ벻

װһãȻĿŽ,µǸʲô磬ò˯ˣû

һȫҲڣ䵹Ҽ򴲱߿æȥǰ棺ǵʲôѽҼӻûأǼˡû˵꣬Ѿ˲ͷƿ˳ƵڵϣƷһԵΡ

ž໨ɵڵϣһƬҴ󾪣ţˣҵıУǲѶң˭ҲߡץŽӵ죬

ŽİƿͷĶ˵ҵ𣿡ҲģǸӾ

һɨɨĿһڴɪɪģͷ䣬ҵˣͷӣǸ˵ûУ 

ȥһңЩŭ˵˦ֽƿת뿪

һʱ䣬ջְҲŵվ˶ϵĳ

ҲӴЦһûмôһˣ㻹ѽ

תͷɣͷɢ䣬סЦû뵽װŮҲġ

˵ʲôĴ˹вҰѽ˵ȥһͷ

ûת뿪һţװûҸߡץסҵֱۣˣ

ִһĴƬǶڣѪ

Цⲻó⣬ѪˣҾͲκв

㣡ҴûôЩҩ䣬Ұ

Ҳûоܾ

ƽʱ㲻Цû뵽Ҳôһ档һΪҰһ˵ЦĿڡ

⻹Ҫлѽҿһѧ

㣡ߣ˵㡣

ҿɽĸҰԼеȡˡЩεתͷٿʱǰѾ˺ҹ壬Ǳ׾ı顣

󣬲Ҫˣˣĺۡ

ͻȻץסֻ׾֣˵ʲôȴһȵɡ

ԲҸղš,ðˣֲʲô¡Ҽæӳ˷š

վڿջ⣬˿ˡ

һֱڴ뿪ʹҲ뿪㡣

壬㣬ҾüʹˣҲûпֿԡ

̧֣ŻûȫŪõıһմѪɴӵ

紵ߣǰʧ

㣬ΪʲôҪ

תͷ֪ʲôʱѾųҳ˵֣аЦҲҪתȺ

ȥ

ûȺ֮С





5

̤¬Ĳ¥ڶĸ¥沨ԵĽ棬ƷõĲ衣

һɿңͷʵʲô˺þˣ㵽׵ʲôѽ

ˣ

ʲôˣ

Ǯˣ

¥ݿڴŲתֻǵķڶ档ҪĶ

һֶһңװӡ

ҲĽӹ뿪ҲϽ󺰵ιҪȥ

˲¥Ƶǰʵô£ǸʲôҪǮ

ɷҪҡ˵ŴǸץһӣǵˣҲٿ㡣

㣡ʲô˼˦ֽӶϣ㵱ǿԻ֮֮ȥ𣿡

㻹Ҫƽʵ

㣡ߣҾҪ㣬ܰô

˻ƿɣ־ջȥ

žӣԼԼϲԼԼʡִԵСһ㽫εһ¡

תȴԵɡ

ڿʲôûʵ

ûûһΣܿվӣֱͦ˵˭ˣٳˣ

Ц˵㿴𣿡

㣡

ҪȥһˣҪ⽫Ļǿһߡ

¬ܴ¬㶼¬ĳһϱȰҪֶ࣬С궼ƻͨʵ緱ǰ㲻ͣ˸

ӣǰ˵Ǳ¿˼һ¥ҪҪȥ档˹Ĵһ¥˳

ٺ٣Ӿǰ棬Ϣ֪죬ߣ˲¬û¥ôֲֻ࣬¬¥һҡ

˱˵Цȥ

ҡҡλ߽ȥڵĺͬ·Ǽһ¥·߽ϽǺ˵㡣

ģôôڣ˵·ˣӵˣıԹ

ѽǵģܼ~ʲô

һ΢Ĺչ˶ʱ˲٣̽ǰȥ

ǰ˿俪ڡ

ʲôеһվ˳мĶ˵

ÿ

ǲҪˣôûһҲͻȻڣܿΪĽ⣬˼

˵СӣҲЦĿͶһˡ

ʲôˣ˭ģ

ûбҪֻ֪Ҫ֪ٽ˴ȥԣԭ׼խĺͬڣ⽣Ӱ

ҵٶȱǼһĿ죬ܿ˱㲻ظĵϣһƽಣж߷ɹת㿪һöм

ҿǽվţŭǸСˣվЦţ߹

ŹǸһ㡣

Ӧԣȴɵ˵סҪﲻɡ

ǸС˵ͷʰĽҾսеĽȴϵĿһ㵵״

ЦŽѪղ

ˣ

ͬЦſϧܷҹЦݡӽҴб̽˵ֱۣͬʱҽϵĽ˳ȥݺݲࡣ

Ҷ½ŲѪ˿ڣһ߿Ǿʬһ˵񣬡˵ֱۣҡҡλγ˺ͬ

˼һعͷһʬ塣ҽӵĵڼ׮ˣѾǵáֻ֪Ժ·ͻһڵ档

¹͸Ʋ㣬ϣҲ̧ͷȥǣתûоͷĺҹٻͷ






6

Ծ˷䡣

ʲôˣɴҴܹôˣ

ժºڲڵû¡

ˣ˵û£סü㲻Сôһֳ˿ڣʹңſֱۡ

û׷ʣҩ

㶯֣Լҵֳƿĺ¡ҩȥʹӵȫ

ҧֲš

ʹҲҪ˰æ𣿡

̧ͷվһԵɡ

ϵĸˣҿ

ʶȤ㣬뿪ôɱ˷ѵһҲģһ죬ҵĽҪ

ҲΣһֻǮ˵ˣ㻹Ҫж֪ЩֻܲмĳЦ

ֻƾһ֮Ҫȳʣֱ˵ΡҪһܺð̤֡һеʱұ˵ɱ֯--š

һֱҵǣƫƫ֯ءҪҵǣҿǲܣֻҡ

뾡һз֪ҪɱĿ֮꣬ǰ˽ϵ˵ǳҪˣܻᡣû˸ȥǣƫƫС

ܿܶ˶֪ңΪû֪ҵʵֻҡѰߡ

ÿҹҶȥѰҵ˵壬մѪծĳصջ

ɻһֱֵĸסһÿϰԵıҾѣһѪ߽һѿĲˡ

һ㶼ԵҸط¡

Ϊ̫ˣѾûκ֪ľĹÿһ졣

ˣҪ˺Լˣ

ϣǰŭɣѾһˣҪʱ

Ѿһ

Ҷǵˣֻ֪Ǯɱˣ

ԭԼҲôϲ鱦

һԶѻɽѪ첼

ѾǰŵѪζͻĵĲС

ɱ׬Ǯֶϣ˵Ҫǿȥ뿪ûǿ

㣬Ϊʲô

ʲô

ΪʲôҪĥԼҿĳͲǡ

վǲʲôҾǸΪǮʲôɵˣһɱ˲գ۵Ķħ

ߵǰҪ˫۾ҡ

ΪǮҿԸ㣬Ҫ٣ҶԸ㣬ֻҪ㲻˺Լ

㵽һĳߣ˫гһ죬вҲҪ˵ľһûпҪ˵ľȼá

ʰɫ磬ϣתš

Ҫȥ˿ڻѪɵסҵȥ·

ÿ

Уȥ̫Σ.

һѽƿ,ڵҵ£Ҫ˲֡

ЩһŵϢôʹصˣҲҡ

ԶĽһվķӦô˵Ӧ˵ҵס˽Ҫȥķ

񣬾ǽˡ

ηǲ쳣ˣ½һȫˣҲãʡ˵

Ŀӡϣһûпʱ򣬶ԷѾͷɱ˳

Цôĸôܻ뿪

˼أԼ忪ʼЩƣýֿʼ

ҼоԷĽ䣬ȴСĽԼĽһ֡

ͻһ˵ڵأԷ⺷һԵһʱѲ

ĵýУȴһʧ㣡ӱסѣҲһϡ

ѪҺͣ岻ܿƵĻڲ֪ʱȴͻȻɿ֣һߡɳǰһذף滹մѪ

㣿ҺôͻȻ˲ϵʹվô

ûлشңɵĿҡһ֪ûɱˡɵˡ

û°ɣҽӹеذףûˣûˣ׼뿪ط

û߳͸о쳣

ҽ޷ͻȻڻһʹӺ󱳴˲ϵʹҽеذ׷գݺݵĴȥֱʧ¡Ҳѵ»ȥɻĽҷס

ôˣһҡ

û£û¾ͺãƤͻȻأô춼ûкúϢ˯

ٱ۵ʱ򣬿һŵӣǸӣ˺ҹ壬ҵǲɵ΢΢̡

ѽΪʲôء

ʥۣѽ

Һص˹ȥȹÿ£ЩĲĻ棬ÿ

ҺĸеĻҵԺʱʱ֣ʹûеõ̫ĸûеõĸĹעһǰ

ΰĸʣĽ̵Уûһɵģҷ·Ѿʧı飬ݺݵĴʹҡ

ȻԨڰɱ¾Ѫöġ





7

~ұʹѣ¶ɴһǿʹΧλðľǰƽðԼ

ޣȴ˱ˡ

ԭԼֻ󣬲ܸоɡΪʲô

~֣Ϊʹ˻ܶôô಼ɻԼεأһŮԭƽ
ˣ
㡱ɤӻۣɳƵİԼҲһ
𼱣ʮ죬Щġ

ҿЦԭԼû

ˣׯ춼ûмôһˣҪүߵĽǻ뿪ء

Ůһ˵ţȴһ㷴ӦҲûУǶ˵ûȤԼͲָ֪Ķ˭Լӡûʲôׯʶʲôү
ˣһ˽һعͷǰһĹӣüҪץɵôѵׯɰҴɣ

ôˣȿ~һʱֿʼסĿԡ

ʥôˣȵôɵ̧ͷһǰǴԼǰΪʲôʱע⵽˾µò

˵úϢôˣλӲõ˵

û£誣ҪˣͻȥϢɣһںѶԷĲȫԵҡ

㣿һʣôȫȱĳǰѵ

ȱ˵˻ûȬѹͺãЩǰҼˣ浱ġޣû£һµġֿʼ߶ˣҵͷҲ

ߣ˦뿪ʱ˫һ˿

ȫǸҴˣʹҵİɾʮ㣬Цųҵǰ

ɵչ£ҺܿȻԼȴҹչ˵ĺ⣬ƫƫôѲļһô˵ûá󣬻˳ˣһжϾûбҪСɹȥڼǸ誵ĹҲԿⲻϡ

ûҵЩϰˡҩϣȻæʰӡ

ôãһûг䣬ҲֻǾδֵׯӣ׳ʲôӣ

꣬ô죬һûлׯ֪ɷͨһ£Ҫл

ҵһŮԺҵʳӶԴ

ô˵ԭЦֱ˵ӣôǰܺˣ㵱˭
ɣ
ɣֲԼȡ𣿡

Ҳü

˺ˣҲ㣬ǱˣҪ˵ҵĲˣ

ɡʲôʲôطʵ뷨һ뵽ɣ㿪ʼ񶨣ôܳΪһׯ֮

ɽׯûׯƽ˵š



㲻ţ

ЩԾҡҡͷɾ죬ǸɵйɽׯȻġ

~˵ӣǻͣסˡ

òɽׯӦǸˣ԰ɣ

ҵͷȫͬ뷨Ͼ鲼ȫɽׯĲƲɲһδɵëͷСӣƿصġ

ô˵ȷʵ񣬲ûйӣǸȫˣӦ˵ڵӲŸ

Ϊʲô

ƺЩޣҵҲûжͣҷ֪Լ˲ʵģ˭ԼĹȥҲ

꿴ңһתڵ
ң컹誶һ𳤴ģʵҸׯĹ¶Ҫׯһ֪Լ....ǷܻڡЩ˸УҵСܵܣƽʱչӡ
Դ죬ĻŻԲѵ㡣
Եʱһֱﲻ뿪ñչ㣬ֲģֻˡ

꽫תңһ̽

ұ꿴ЩĵͷЩ춼չˡ

Ҳҡ誶գЦŰҩ˹漱æĽŲЦŽңһǺ죬ǰʲôģʲô𼱻ǵģطܵڿ졣

ǷˣҸû˵꣬Ѿ󲽿š
ʥûһ۵ĹѾҵĴߣһ˫۾ԵĿҡߴ꽥ԶЦ

ɽׯׯ
˵İɣ֪㡣һ˵һ˴Աߡ
Щϰߵ´һԵϡЩлׯչˣĳмĳԻ뿪

ͬ⣡´Щ⿿ŴͷѾ֪˭ˣӦ֪ȫʲôԲڹһûһӣ֪𣿡

Ϊ֪ݣҲŸŲߡ֪ǿʲôģҲ˽⡣Ҿͬ£ǱӦʶġ

ЩѪӣЩлָյĽʶҲʶˣҲעģעǵҲҪڹӣ㡣

ߣʲôʺأҲʵ

ֻҪӵеģҿ㡣

ƾʲô

ƾɽׯׯ

ҴЦ죬Ȼô֪ǰңɲһͿġǰһҲ˼֡
ģƽ˵ҲκһˣңûܸҪһСҲ㲻ҡ

Ϊʲô֪ɽׯζʲôǲƸһӣ˵ǼӵĶЩ˵ţѾ뿪˴ǰ

ҳҪǮǣҸȨҪҵһȥЩҵĶ
ҿ⣬·Լվڸɽ֮ϣһƬã
ԣұ͸վߴҾס

Լȫ֪ԼľٶﲻԼȾһֱҵ졣






8

Ҿûм죬һֱչˣԼָĿ죬Ҳʼʰң׼뿪

Ӵ𣿡

ѽЩӴˡ

˵һ⼸ׯ⣬ܾ⼸죬˾ܻҲѽ

⣿

ѽҲܳԾׯЩ調š֪ôͻȻ誶źüˡ

ҵͷʰԭЩûмׯԼôˣһĲ

ӲõģСĴ˵㣬Ҫ˭ҲʱȵĲܣھϡҪɽׯҲô

һͷ꣬һЦ
ûеĽүôػˡ

һ£ʵ
ӣû𣿡

ҵЦСҺܿ죬Ǿͻžۡ

һվƮϸ꣬ҸһׯͿԶ˹һˡ

ӣͲҪˣЩӡ

ллң

ִҪߣ̾˿~ѽ·ϿҪСģպá˵ŴùһݸҡͲҪˣҪˡ

ҿгİٿꡣ֮£ֻ¡лģĳǣת̤ϸ֮С

·ҸϤ·ߣ·ķҲϤģֻԼһߣЩ

ܿ죬ǰһƬ

һ̤˿ʹ˹͹٣ڴһͿ

ҿһ´յĸ֣Եʣһˡ

ˣһǸ죬Ǹ뿪ˡ뿪ɽׯ뿪¬뿪ѹġһСһС

ͷͻȻһζվȥһ˵ӰͻȻǰˮʪˣ۵ꡣ

һϳˣҪαס

죬ôˣұͻľٶһôͻȻڣǳׯ

Ϊʲôһʵ

Ǹһʱ֪ô˵ãʪ͸죬ɢ΢ĺЩ۵˵ôҲɡʪˣ

˵ҪߣҾͼæϻׯׯ֪Ѿ뿪׷˳ﻹ˵ôࡣ쿴˵

ҽӰҳһƤϡЩֵ˵ҲԼ忪Цġ

Цſңڹҡ

ҡһʱŰ˵м·Ͻϣ˾͸Ͻȥɣ

ǹҵģΪʲô˵춪ϵƤ£ƽҵ

ҿ죬һӣ½·ãƽ˵ЩӶлչˣҹ㣬Ҳڳ˵㣬ܵһ

˭ҪĵܵܣҼʱҪʲô磿Ҳʲôܵܵ˵ң֪Ҷ㡭

죬Ѿаˡ

ʲôһҪϲˣôԼᰮңŻô˵İѡ飡

ûУ̷ϵ

ô룬죬ϲϲϲ㣬ǰˣһܶԷ˭Ҷģ

㣡ȫûô˵ҡͷҪ׷ˣǲġ

Ҫô½ۣһȣȵ˵㰮ҡ찮һˣһӵ¡

ҿ죬ִƺǷҲйôһˣһֱңȴҡ

Ҳٶ˵㲻֪ҿһҲһӡ

ͷ崬Һд

㲻ȥˣֵʵ

ˣׯ꣬ģһСҲҪ׮⡣һ̬˵ȷʵ˵ģһͻĺܲһ

ɽׯڸضԼıԺг˷ѣҹֹ֮޲

ֲ죬ֻܸס¬һԺȥ˲֪誹ҲǰһҲѾϰߡ

֪֮٣ɽׯŵҹԼڼҲĹģ֪Զǿϰٱ̽Ųɺĵλһֱ͢ǳ͢ĺѰĴ¡





9


Ҵ¬һԺҾ棬һӵĴС˶찲ŵ׵ҵĵλһһҺܲϰߣͻȻһˡȻҲǺ⣬ҷԼȫļ

ûɱ¾ҵҲܱһֱôΪġΪ֪һһ뿪

ʥʲôͤԺеĻݣǲǿΧ͸ͻȫû

ҿ죬ʵ㲻ãôźңЩ𣿡

˸ƣ˾;ˣת۾ֻʣҸˡ

ʥ㲻ˣôź𣿡

ΪʲôҪˡеĽ˿ȸҷꡣ

رãЦҲŨ˼֣ҴСɽׯڣСͱһΧţȻһУȴûĿĹ뵽û뵽ģѾߵ׼׵ԲŻʱʱ誺ߡ

쿴ҵ۾ƽ˵ҲŪ׷ڿջһĻҲᵽΣҲԸ񣬲Żᵼǵ

ǲʱʱ㣬ɽׯκεĵطһĿڣ顣

ҵͷþõΪʲôҪôá

ѵ㲻֪ԭ𣿿͸߹𰸡ЦţȴЩǺοࡣ֪ܡǴΣڴϸ˵Ļ

ϵǧǧΪʲôҪѡң㲻֪ҵݣ֪ҵĹȥʶʱո㳤Щ㶼νҪ֪Ǹˡ֪ɽׯׯϲһˣɽׯ裬Լء

ôһ˵һҲںѾϵһɴһԡٹҡ

Ҫ˵ⲻǹģֻѣĪҪ˼ܲˣƤǺһ̶ȡ

ҲŲЩ˵Ŀʲôϵ֪Լľ͹ˡܲȵת뿪

ͻȻסҡʥҴûжκ˶ģֻ㣡Ҳ

һûлͷҲ֪ΪʲôҲԼΪʲôʣҲ𰸡壬ұԼ뷨һȻ첽뿪

ͥԺôˣҲࡣһԼ㲻ϤΨһ뵽ĵط¬¥

ӣ̧ͷӭԼѾ¬¥ĸڣҵӡԼ񣬲һЦԼôˣЩеûģ

ӣ£

Цҡͷ

ӣæЩʲô˵Ѿþδˡ

Ҿٱһ£䡣

ҲûʲôˣôûС

С

ôˣʲô𣿡Դ˸һѵʲô顣

ĪСڹ뿪󣬾뿪¬¥Ϊ

ŶҲΪһõĹޡתһ룬û뿪˵أǹģĳһ߾ܣ뿪

ǳЦǹӣԸġǹӲ֪ļ۸񲢲һ˿Գܵġǵ飬Ҫ

ﾡܷģĳһ뿪ġ뿪

Ҫߣס˵

ģһ᳣ġ

ҽһӷϣһ̤¥

ڻصıԺҹѾˣķ仹ŵƣҲ˹ȥҴ뿪¬Ȼƽȴ̫䣬ҵһģһδβ

죬Ϊʲôǰеⶼ浽͢Щô£û߽߽誷ŭʣʲô

ûʲôзִ磡ƳһϵĶ˵

зִ磡㵽ҪʲôΪʲôҪңӣıʵ

ûҪ㣬ֻûбҪ˵

ûбҪ˵֮ʲôʱ˵Ŀܶûˡ ǲΪǸˣҪ㲻Ȱ㽫ϳȥ!

誣 ҲҪôҵҲûֵ֡ĪҪҲǶֵ꣬ߵ㲻Ҫʣ

ȻׯѹңûСˡ

𣿡Ц㲻Ҳңׯʵ֣㲻Ӧø𣿡תվҡԾʥ

ûдŵǰɣ˵

ʲôʱģƹ誣ЦųҶ

調ң˫͸ź⣬߹

뿪Һʵ:ʲô𣿡

ûûʲô?ʲôѽ˹

˵

ʥҳȥɡ

ҿ죬ȥҪȥ

ȥԻ֪Ҫһ






10

Ϫˮ¥Ķ㣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ֪ûɵİҴ

ܿһװС˹¥ʱˣ

֪еĶС˵Ѿ׼𣿡

¥˼Ѿˣ˵꣬С˹˳ȥ

ʥȥɣ

ҵͷ죬뿪˶㡣

һ¶㣬¥µʹһ˴ӵ˹ٱ˵Ĵ£Ҹһż䡣Ѿ˹ʱˡ

ׯѽ~һ̬ӵ˴վҲ

˼øλõˣЩǸЦš

ׯȴһֱüССȺ򣬲ʲôʲô˵

ҽһ£λʥתߡ

ӡ

˻תͷ죬֪Ҫʲô

ôûм誹أһ˿ʵ

Щ飬ǰҸλҪҪλ˵һ飬¬⣬ʥӹܡһ˾㵲ѣҲǳԾ˵ֲܲ档

ֻٱ˸ϽŽӾԺҪλղǣ

ĻǻҪׯղǣ

һֱ˵ǰ̸Цֱ

Ϫˮ¥ҿ첽죬ʵΪʲôҪôҲ̣Ҳ֪¬ǸôĲҵͿĽ

ˣҲûôΪΪס

ʲôôЩѵ֪еϵ

ҪǮĻɽׯеǣҪȨĻڵݣղŵЩ˶㣬Ҫģ

ˣڻɽׯ֪𣿡

٣ô᣿ѵôûţԼʵӹ¬⡣

ԭΪ˽һнҡ

ڲصĶҵͷ

ҸͲϣҲûнӴǻ٣ʲô

ҸҲǴ֪һиô

ԭء

ʥĺܺã콫ַŵҵļϡ̧ͷǸôˣΪʲôҪΪЩӦƿĲΪʲôûУ

ܿ죬Ҳ֪Ϣ᷿ԴǵʹûжϹҲ֪ҵĳֲŵľ棬ǰҲ

Ϊʲôûи˵һͽ¬⣬ôһɵˣ㵱ҼҾơ

誣ųʥһеġ

ţʶż죬ô죬ҴжϣһҲûпǵ

ζûйϵ죬Ҳ𡣡תͷ⡣

誣ҲʧȥҼǰ£ҾͷģԲǰʧҲҪڹɱ¾ҲҪˡ

㣡誴ûм˱飬һвϱƽҪʧȥ

̨϶ѻһһ˱ȥеˣ˵һҲûУȻûнӴЩ˵Ҳûд˭һʼ֪һУҲκβǰܿ͹

~ű߿ˣ̧ͷŭ誡

վʵ誹ôк£

㵱Ȼ£ҲɽׯҪһϡ課˵ߵǰңüҵһ㣬;죬㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪ죡

誹ˣҸһϵûУ

ΪʲôŲߣǼˣҪ¡Ѿ˻ߣΪΣƭĺ죬¬⽻㵽װʲô˼

˫ճȭҿ˵ǣ˵ô޳ܣƫƫ棬콫⽻Ҵ٣誵Զԣһؿڡѹ͸

Ҫ̣Ҫİ뿪Ҳ֪Ҫܳͷأҵȵ𣬿أȵ

誣ƽԼķſȭͷ

Ҳܷ 

誹ӣ˼ɵңΪΣΪ죬

˵Ҿ㣬ʶ뿪ﲻӭ㣡

誷ŭ뿪վԭأܣ

󰡣ʲôʱҲ㲻£˱






11

ҽе˱һ꣬Ѿȴû˯⡣һܵԺ

еĲйһһʽСҶ߷׷£ֱһʱҶ

ˣѾͷ׷Χ˹˽ﲻͣ

˵ׯôˣѾǼκκÿ˶ϰΪʱ⼸ǰׯˣֻݣҲΪòԡ

Ǵûм˺ÿˣҲûмôÿʽһʱȥ顣

ˣһѾͷعͷׯվԼ󣬾ŵ˵ӡͿλڡ

ô˵첻üͷȥ׼Եġ

ǣѾͷȥһȺ˼ׯĵ뿪

ˣ۵ģķйһҹδߣʼģվֱӣűҶþòͣ

˰ɣԵ㶫ҪԲġһԿȥʲôʱվģ

ûдĻʱҿڵ⣬һõģ

ҲҲᱻκ˿⣬ҲǸزصĿ

ˣҪǿĿ

СѾͷһЦׯٿȥˡСĵʵׯЩ

͵ȥɡ

ΪһжǺϤҳᶫܣæʱͶ˲ϡҲҶָ㣬ŷھӪЩ

ò

ܿұԶһ棬¬ҲС˳Ϊ١

˵ʥһûУû뵽ʱͽ¬ľЦ˵˲ݸһϲɫ誡

ΪףССջĸ¬¿ľ¥Ȼ¥ҴˣҲĲҵ

˵Ǻһ۾ͷôõ˲šЦſ졣

ǣҵľʲôʱʥôһ仰˵ĵطˣҪʲôʲô˵ѽš߿ЩȻĶ㿪

԰ɣùҡҿ˵

ʥǼ㻹ʲôģҪǱ˲֪жҡƳһۣĿڡ

誣ȫȻһ٣Щ

ҿаЦ£üҪʹʲôСϣ䶼ѹȥ֪Һùġ

ʥҾʹһݴ㿴һϲ֣ű㻺򿪡

ҿſڣźվŵˣԾվ

ỽٿ誣һϷı顣

ôݴ񲻴ɣ˵Ҫ֪¬һ˿Ǻܰġˣվ⣬һֱ˼ĺʥ𣿡

һԾ誡誣˵ʲôʥôʶأ

Ҳ֪û뵽ʥҲǸ֣ͷ¬¥ܣҲΪʥûнӿ˰ɣ~֪жˣΪ˲üһ棬˼ء

үỽһȻѿĽͷ¡

Ҳ˵ˣ˵ո׿ҲһΣ

Щţϵ˻ûϣη١ΪԼˣѾܾûнӹͣ˵Լ£ȷʵԼΣҲү˵ǰ㡣

үǰЩ⽫ָƣǲܡ˵

һšҿ죬ֻ課Ҫٺȥȴһԣﲻ֪ʲô

ΪѵĽȡ˵ָҿ˵ﻹˣ첢֪ﻹգʫɺã

̧ͷĿһۣҲ֪ôˣƺҶĹģܲҸʶ֪

~⻰ô˵ģѵһ˵ʲôҲҪһҪôԵԼǰɣ誹⽫ּ

һӾֱҺݺݵûһ

û°ɣѾѪָҼæָŽ̧ͷڿˮ

ᣬ調ڵ㵯٣ʲôŪø۸Ƶġ

תͷŭ誣Ҫҵ㣡

ӡһǵӣҽַϣ£ġٽȡ˹

˭Ҳûϵһ٣ҲǻᣬǾͨԴ뿪˾ǣҾҲû١˫մȾѪ֣ΪԶңǽ졭

үôˣ
ûʲô
ʲôСʲôҲû

үȥȵСġ

һˣֱ뿪¥Ҳ˵ʲô顣

ӣʥʶңҲͣ½ŲԼֲţϽɿ˼Ȼίˡ

ӣ˵лӦǹΪΧ֪أ

㲻֪Ǹ誣ǹģЦ

ֵʵôˣ

ûʲôſһŭݣǵģڿû£ΪӸˡ

ô˵ҲЦ㣬ôǸĲˣҲ˵ҳʥ𣿡

ʥ. ˼ĵͷ

ҽϵƱԵ̧ͷ˵ЩǮ«㣬Ǯ˸誣ʣµģҸסĵطȰ

н¥뷨ƫƫЩæ⣬˿ӡ

ƱῴңӾΪų¬¥𣿡

Գʥо֮ʥǸ֮ຣǳʥΨһģû뵽ȴһ˵ţȴǰʲô

лӣһ󣬲֪ӿɷӦ

ʲô飬ĳԸΪ

ӽߣ

ʲô

ѾͷҲԸڹߡ

죬㿴ˣСѾϲˣ㻹ɵɵڴͷһ𣿡û˵ղŵһˣЩʹЩĵĿ⣬ʥûжйʥ㵽ûģǴûжϹġ

誣ôˣͲǸǿѵˣղһҲ㣬˼̱ЩԹ˵

ߣҪ˭ˣôﻹǰ죡ָ˵

죬ʲôˣ꿴еʵ

ûûʲô

ûʲôô㡭誵Ļû˵꣬㴫

һ湫˽ˣϲվڵhô֪

죬hҲһ㶣ȻЦŻصҲǸ·誣꣬þò

ү ˹ˣæ

ȻˣͽɣЦŽh˽

ԽԽˣ˵ҵҲ㿪İɣhЦſ誣СӣǰһУôõİ֣ɷˡ

課мһЦڵ֣ͱ˵Цˣһʥ˭װ£

ʥhһˮ뿪ЩӣʲôʱôһˣôһҲ֪






12

١
ҽߴ˱뿪һĿ꣬վǰͻȥˣʱͻȻ£ҽ֣Լһ˻صﴦʣµĿ

ǣٷԸһѾȥˣѾס԰

ҲüʵôҪס𣿡

ػԼҪģ˵̧ͷһϽ˵˵Ҫߣչ٣

ҳĬһǱ֪ˣԼֲˡ

ˣҪôɡ

ҼϵĻ́ͷû뿪꣬ʵ𣿡

վһУЩʧ롣

١

ҷϵĹһ׵ʱġʱѪڻĵϡǺһֱңĹȥҴûȥ⿴˫䲻أ֪⺢һʲôҺģҰ֡

һ̧ͷֱҵѾüûкúϢˣȻȥ飬

ֻЩĻҶЩʧ

ǾͰˣĶС´ûнʧ

ǣһĽӹӣҲһЦ

񡣡

ǡ

ǰЩ飬ü

ԾңһЦҪģԼ顣Ѿûʱٹ˷ѡЩ鵽 

ǡ

аѰһɱ֯

ĵͷʱˣһǰļƻ

һ˻ص԰ûн԰͸оֵգҿڽסһѾͷ

԰Уʲô𣿡

ѾͷһЦһº

ׯĺѡ

ŶҵͷתԺȥ˵ڱߡ

ӣұѾͷסعͷׯأ˵Ǽ¥ȥ
֪ˣлл

һ̤¥ӭ˹ǵ˰ˣҲǣҪңͷԸ˽һ˲ͺˣʲôɵȡ

ʥҵѡ

ѣҽ˺ܶˣϵģͷһ˵ѡɶûмˣ

ǰǰһˡһϮףΣֳһ裬ͷţЦվ̧ͷҡһסˡ

ʥλǰhh쿴סİh֪ôˣֿڽһh

hι

죬ᵽĳʥ𣿡

Űhѵʧ̬첻ʧЦôˣġˣ

ҿ죬֪˵ʲôҵ˼ЦŶ˵㲻֪λ׹ӣ˵ģ˵˾ȻҸhŪݣСӹҺþáɽׯı䣬˵ҲڣϧûиϻҪҪʶһ¡Ǻηʥλĸһİ׹ӣ

ҲɫţhڶĿҡ

콫ߣŰhЦιhĿųʥҿҪˡǸɷҵˡ

عİhεһЦ죬ĪҪȡЦˡ

˶׼ˣǻʲôЦ찤ߣh˵Ķ档

˳ʥhԺסЩӡԺҪӦЩͻȻ˵

˵ٹѦҲûˡ調˵꣬˵Ҫҩģɴˡ

Ȼ콻飬ʲôʱ

һ˵Ц̸ţһ԰ĳţоĿɲͬҼµһԡ

ҳԼ岻ʣ뿪

ûлԼķ䣬ݶԶǻʳǵķ򣬸ôԶʲôҲȴôִԼڻʹ֮ڡ

ͻȻǸˣûбֳȣﻹЩǸ˴ûģҵ֪٣

ʵ֪ȥҹҵݣ飬Ҳġ쿴ҵϣҶЩʧ䣬ʵҸϣݵ誶졣ʹǵһ׸ҲԼ԰쵽ģҵĹȥȫǿհס

Ӧ֪ҵǼٵģҪҲʲôҲ鲻ʹ֪Ҿǳ͢һǰѾȷʬ޴Σô֪ҡӺܾǰҾͼٵģٵݣٵĹȥ






13

һֱʵϢȴʼûн֪ôˣĺòáһҿԿ϶һţһڵңȥ

ôЩÿ뵽ԼûʴຣҾͰգҺԼûá

ץߵľƺ̧־ͷ£˳¡ʲôѾϰƣԼе񾭡

ǰԼǶôмڵԼȴ벻ƾԣ·ôǷϣľͻʹ԰죬ҹңŬڱ˵￴Ʒ⣬ϣҾͻᱧžƺš

ʼ룬ͷʼεģҲŲ۾߽ӰɵЦ


Ӱһ£ǹԹԵ¡۾ȴ˵òȴͿĿ˹ȥϣûдζ

壬𣿡Դǻ˵ѾĻůĺůЩ̰ץǷů⡣

ĸоұŵ߽ӲĲٶˮ»֪˲壬Ҳ֪ộܲҲô˽ôˣһҲԶˡ

ֻӱܡ

ڶ죬ҺȻԼԼķͷЩʹժ¹ǽϵĽ˷䡣

ڿնһԾţͻȻоһƽתԽסЦô֪ߵغ񣬸ʱҡ
Ǻþҽѵһ֮͡

صײѵˣȴԼָ£ʱԼѷЩٷֿ˴վʮ׿ʱѾЩ̧̣ۿȥȴԴаЦվһһı飬Σɷˡ

׹ѽҲ˵ķ·϶ȴһûӰh˿̵ĺ飬һߵı飬Цµң

ǲŭţҲЦڵҵҡ

ҲˣһԵ㶫Σh˽һɵ

ûа׹ôУ¥ﻹЩ飬ˡ

ʲôh

תͷ亰׹Ҫԣ~з~~ hԵĿҺķֻһȺѹѹĹŮӵļ

ҰЦ֪ÿ˶ڽ͵

hΧڵ޴ӣһ˵ϲá

ȥ·ϣĺáŵʱ򻹰ڰæµһһƽôˣ

ҽŵǰ֪һһæ˲ϡңֿʼˣŵĵͷ

ˣôЦСӵԴ˵Ҳˣ˵Ҳע壬𣿰ѶˣȻЪϢȥ

Ҳ~

üҪҶף𣿡

ǡվһԣĸ㣬

񣡡ҿڽеС̧ܾͷң١

㵹ǳѽʲôҪǲԣͶˣ

ϲ

ǾͳˣҶԣǲףСǰǲǱŰҪ˱Ų

صǰϵĿѾŪãοһЦ¹䣬飬ҲΪг˱񣬸ҽʡ̫ʱ䡣

١

ş̌ͷѾԺˣһվǰҵ

˵õϢʹݵ飬ӸۡˡĿǰõĿĵؿ¬

ԭõĶʱȫޣҵͷ

ţѾµ˭ˣ

٣֪ʵ

ţûв´ӦѦ

ѦȵĺԼʧ̬ϱ

ôô˺˽𣿡

ֻжšȤͣıʣ֧°Ѧֳޣ˵ҽ

ô~Ҳ̾Թùҽ޲ߵĲҽΡ뵽Ϊβм

æţһ߽˵٣ӣиĹҪ١

Ŷ֪ˣƫһ£һȥҿڻصȴͻȻ֡

Ůˣôҵôæпռִ̧סĻ˵ҵĶˣ»˵עЩ

վҲҸһȥ

Ҳã

߽ƫѾˣҲվ
ӣ
𣿡
ûûʲôֻԼЩ㣬ƷЩ󣬽˹ЦŽӹ
ûбҪģͺˡ
԰ҲûʲôԾˡ
ʲôģԸĳĳܰһ
𣿡ϲЦ˵
Ȼ
ڹ𣿡
ЩԼϣΪʲôҪ
ĪҪھܾҲǸзִ磬֪˵ˣԲӴ鷳ġ

˵Цˣôˣĳײǲ⣬ĳߺˡ

飬ұصԼ䣬һֱûд𻰣һ

л˵ˡ
񲻸ҡ
ʲôҵģһ𣿡
ףΪʲôҪôʵĴӦǸŮҪٵһŵģĻõһĿڡ
ƺѾ߹㣬ҪôŮŮ˵ġ˵飬һҲҸֵһЩ
ûо࣬Ҳûоۡ
СƢˡ
ӣҸ˵ˣѾŲˮ￴ҵЩȻϾطһֻҸˡٿŭ˵˵ȿڵûʲôˣȥɣ

ǣ񹧾£ۡһײšεҡҡͷ⺢Ƣʲôʱܸġ

ԴӴӦߡӰһ𣬲ǾϯᣬֻҪҵĵطһܿ

ܿ˴һԵϢҶЩͷʹԼǸˣЩν

ĪҪڷ糾дϰߡ
ÿÿô˵ҲͲٶ˵ʲôˡܾﲻԡ

ӣ

ʱׯ˵иҪҪҪһҪȥׯվǰ˵š
ҪˣҵͷţǸްɣ֪ˡеİŶȡһ٣ҲúúõϢˣЩӾæˡ

ӲҪͬ𣿡
ˣϵġ
첻ϲÿμҸһԹԾǼ档
һڽֵϣֵķ١жѻɽĹȷʵӦúúóߡ
ӣôһˣ
һеöơתһİhЦɣ׹Ҳֵط̫ʺ߹ѽ
hװɵЦڵĵطĳô
ܲϴεĽѵǵôҡ
ӣĪȥԼˣҲӦ˺֮Լ
ԼЩʱ䣬ҲŹȥ׹ӻаɣתͷ˶ĵطȥû紥סԶȺҿģȻԶҸȷǾǺҹ壬Ҳң߹ֻ̫̫࣬ˡ

һ̣ҵԴȫհףֻһͷܡ
ӣȥ
˵õİhѾȫ֮Уתۼ䣬ˡ





14

үôˣں׷ˣסдĺҹ塣
ҿûԲԣ
ү˵ʲôʲôˣ㿴˭ˣҹתѦûпûдһ
үô࣬ôԶһˡѦЩĵ˵ϾҹĲûȫʵأֻǺ顣
ˣôᣬôʵһ Ҿ֪öһ˵ġ˵ţȺ˻ŵں׷š

󡱺ҹץһˣòʧԲ𣡡
вѽ˦ҹŵĸ첲뿪ˡ
ҹûз˸аƵģץסһǣץסһ

󣡡
˭ѽ

󣡡
ϴ˰ɣ

һһѦܲˣץסϷĺҹһ㣬ûҪҵˡ
ǵģһҸоĵ㲻֪ܸоģңûз裬һڡҹѾѽ~~

ߵ·˽ϡֻʣºҹһˡ

Ҷڿˡ
ҲϵʣΪʲôҪΪʲôҪأ֪ѾزȥˣΪʲôأ
һ黻ҵ֣ĺ񱻵һʹ


ѦҽүǸô죿СȫһԼֱš

ȴ˹ȥһǾ͹ȥѦ˵

ǣСȫӵĵĿһۺҹ壬̾˿뿪ˡ

ҹ壬㿴о仰˵ĺãܸʹôѹҲܳǰĥֻԼ뿪Ѧһѽҹӵ

סڣסڣ˭ˣҹתѦû㲻ġ

ҹĹڵϣʵˣΪʲôңѵͲ𣿡ڹ~~~?

һĿڱǽϣķ·ڵѪҲԸʹβңҶѾԭˡ壬ΪʲôҪѡķĥ㣬ĥң

ҹ壬ѦٶȽҹӵôѣҷѾ˼Ϊ﷢ţῴôʹ࣬ĵĲ𣿡

ѽʲôô˺ļˣתҪȥ򴦾͸оصѹعͷhվ

ٻͷʱҹѾѦ§ڻ
ôˣǸͲˡ

ңҿ˱ҵʧ 壬չ㣬ǣڶôңԶĵطҲף㡣

¬Ƕ䣬糿ھС꣬ˮεδ

ȵƣůůӡhƱݵǰѾһС¥֮ԼҲȥˡ

ллҽӹƱŲסңǲ֪Σ

Ȼ֪֮䷢ʲôȻѾΪʥǹȥЩ졣
סллһʼûнҴҡΨһ֪ʥҵҲ֪ҹĴڡ

ڻʹ֪ҹݣʲôˣҹг裿ǹ˶Ϊɡ

ҾͲÿˣⱭ

̧ͷ˰hһۣЦһҵһζ԰hµ⡣

һβĺȵĿڲסܣϡŰhҶ˵ʲôֻס

Լþ¥ģƫƫѦ˵£ʱı˼ƻʥͰhͬʱʧ첻ĵȴţûע⵽hʥŷͬһĸо͹һ㣬ͲϣйĽӴʱ˶ˣһֲԤУһһ

Űhһζʥ֤뷨ֻʥô?ʥһ侲ƫƫһմƾͻһ̬ȣҪӲš

ǰʥӰhǱصԼĻ
ôˣ
hͻȻǰһգǵ´һʧhֱֱӣڵû£ֻˣ죬ѦҽԺ𣿡
ûУ֪ʲôˣпջôˣ

û¡hʥչˣȥϢˡ

һ˷ʥص䣬Ըñ˰æôЩӣֻҪʥԽͻط䡣
һݣͿڷ䣬ô

Ͻׯٿʥɾȵ٣ôˣ

ǰ첻üܣȥﲻܽġ뿪

䵣ʥȴ¼죬ĵ߳š

콫ʥڴϣˮʥ£һ㡣ЩĵĿʥ

Ȼ֪Ⱦûֹֻ˽õľƷڸڣھЩҩԣˣȴء

Ϊʥ˯ˣȥ뿪ʱȴͻȻʥסعͷʥѾ

ʥõ𣿡

Щͷ۵ԴԲֺȶˣ

û£˯ͺˡ

ҡͷ˵𣿡

ҵߡЦΪʲôܾأɽׯׯĲƸôǲΪʲô˵㣬ɵķŲƸλҪһļһߡ

תͷ۾ѹһеҡ̾ɣ
ΪʲôҪҷΪѾˣҾһ׼ʲôһӡ֪õǺѣҲΪһˣҽʲôҲûС

һ뿪뿪¬һллչˡįǣѹʱ㣬ҿѾ֪˭ĵ¡ʵ֪ÿߣѣ㶼ڡҸл㣬ǲܽ㡣
Ѿһˣ˺㡣οǲܰġ·ıͿ˰㣬֪һ죬ҲߵһҲᰮƫƫҰϵǺҹ塣

ΪʲôܣҲףǸ˭ֻʱ㻽ҺǸʲôһˣԶװ±ˡһССĽ䣬Ҳġңҿ˵ݣЩ̣ǡ
һѹ˫ۣͻľٶȫĿհסӱѹڴϡ

˹ƿѹϵ

Ҫȴ

Ҫƿȴʵ

ôأҾǻزͷʹ֪ԼôŬҲע⵽ҡôأڲ֪УҵѾϰȥѰӰӣһСʹ㲻ͷ

ҽӲڴϡҴΪʲôûһ뿪ŷ֣ԼѾô

ҿκҲûм˴죬Ҳû˻ˡĿϧķȥ۽ǵᣬԲ𣡡
콫ҽסûƿţֱԼʶʼ룬˯˹ȥ





15

ʱ˯йЦ죬Ż顣ˣԼĬ˯Լߵġ嶼αڻ´˯ֻùԹԵڴϣҲЦˣ˭˵ˣǸӡ

һʱˣĴ˹ȥĶͷһǣǾ죬ЩʵüŵҸϽı۾װ˯

ûжһ˫ۿɵЦЩ˼ͷ˵ˣ

˫۴ÿҸϽ

ûʲôҪ˵𣿡

һعͷе죬ڴϣȫû𴲵Ĵ㡣ҺǣҪ˵ʲô

ʲôҺȶˣǵ÷顣顭㲻˵𣿡

죿ȷʵȶˣ˿ѾҵģҶǵá

Цſңֲ֪ôˡ

ǸҪһ𣿡

ǰ§סĵӣȻζ롣

ЩϰߵĽ˵׼һǳȥԡֲ롣

첢˷ţͣסŲ⣬h誻ǸҹһѦ֪Լ˻ģվҵſڣҲһ㵡

Ҳ֪ʲôʱѾǰһȭŴȫû׵һ˴ڵء

˵ʲôôķ

̧ͷ誷ָ𣬲ԣҿ˱⣬ƽʱҾġ

誣ˣʲô콫ƿhѦҲ˹

Ϊʲôʲôôķ

ҵ£òʡ˦誵ֱۣҵƣȴֱҵ£죬㣡

˭׼Ǹ˵ģһɽׯׯ誣㲻ҪԼݡ

ұhӵϷϽߣ˵ȻǶڣҾԸǰѻ˵ҰʥҸҪκܣοѾһˡ

˫ۿ죬СӻŹѵ֪ô˵ٿ˸ǾȲѡ

һȭϣʱѪֱhϽȥ˿ڡ뿪쿪ʵѦô?

ʧԼݻᣬû뵽Ѧһֵλǣû

ŶʥʥλʹҽѦ

òĵͷ

Ŷˣôûп¡

ԭأԭҲ֪ˡ

Ȼʲô㣬Ȼ֪¸һ¬£һѾҹ壬Ѧεҡͷ

٣һعͷææߡ
ʲôˣ
Ǳ߳ˣҸϽ֪ͨһˡ

»£ġ
ʥһлҪ˵Һ
ɣ

ʵ֪Ѧ˵岻ǲ֪ʲôϾ˵Ǹˣ߿ҲãϾҹٲн

ɿڣѾվڶɿڱָ߽ӣҡҡλκΣգмѾˮ֧Ŵ
ʲôˣǰʵ
٣©ˮ
ʲô
Ҷ͸ɻ
ҲüôͻȻôص顣أҪǽϵĶжôô٣
ǸѾ𴦽ˣ֪ʲôԭڻûеǼ˵Ĵһᣬ˺ˮ
ָӡ˵ţѵ£ˮ

٣񿴼һԾֹѾˡ

εһͷǰĴѾóľӴ״һĺˮǺüͷľԸǸЩܲס˵ȥЪûʲô󰭣ѻжˡ

ˮܱһڣѹͷҲʼʹҲʼЩܲסʼҡΡҶ԰Ϻǿ㣬Щˣµ滻һ¡
˼ҿ٣
ô滹Ҫָأ
û£٣ȥɣ
˵Ŵһбѹûпչ㣬ϽȥʲôЦ󺺶ܲˣһӣС

ٵĻȥأһ˹ͷһhǰܿhһͷٴƽ⡣
תͷ
ʲôŲ˶áû£ȥˣ
뿪
ЩܵüͷؿҲź͡ôܲ𣿡̧ͷŰh˵㵹£Ҷһ
hЦЩʵֱֱˣҪ̧ȥͺá





16

жˣǿڰϽĺţһͷ󺹡
ʥûˣȥɣûжhֲԣϽߣһִֻҵֱϣٿҼͷ·ѾȾ˺ɫǳľĥġ壬ҲˮôصĶ㲻Ҫˡ
ҲЦʲôСֵģˣֻЩˡһĽ˳Щ˵ʲô
ûhԭľګı飬һ˰
٣û°ɣҽһַԴϣҵĺŪһѣЦɵСӣҼʱ¹
عͷźеİhЦˡ

Ҵ˻ȥ߶һ죬Ҹ徲ĵطѡȿӣöˡ

ʥô
ʲôҳԾĿ졣
ʥڵľƣ㲻˽⡣Դһǰ ʥϴһͲʳ
һ
˵ģӹõϢˣڷѾ׹ˡ
׹ǶΪѾˡ
Ժ󣬳дȨ˳µĽ̫ӵƹܡȻˣǿʱһ֮
һ⣬ϵö˶˵ΪʲôҪ˻ˮ
ˮǸûᡣ
᣿֪ٳնһ񣬲ֻңɽׯһ
κһνףһķգοǵʤ㻹ǺܴġʵǷѣʼղϽλǲ̫ӡ˵ʵ£Ҳȷʵʵƹܳ١ֻһʱ·硣ɽׯܣ绢
ĵеĵֶ༸֡
û֪ʵ۵뷨ο죬ҵģҪʳ֮¡̫Σˡ

쿴ãڵѾˡ¡

Ѧ˴Ŀġ
û˵֪һģҪҹ岻Գ

ҹҴź³ȥҹסĿջվڷϣһ鿴˵ԼʧȥһСҲãҲƽһУôļһû·ı֮С
壬ϣԷλȻһǲϣֵС
뵽ﲻɵһѵĸһ

ӣҹˣ
Сȫӣȥٴᣡ
Ѧҽ˵ˣΪӺãҪϢۣá˵¬ûкúϢūܲס
ҹЦ͵£ɫԵĹڲҰסİɣҲµģʲôǸҲ뾡һа취һ
ѦҽԵǹģūһԿУΪӵ͸ģūſۡϣүǰ
ǰҹˮСȫӣҲˡڳͷ𣿡
ӣӡǼڵҲ᲻ġ
ҲʧȥһҪΪ˸ۣ豭ںҹ飬Ѫ˳Ƭ¡
СȫӼǰʲôʲôľūϷӡӿɿ֣ūŸ

ֻҵһŹҵģʹˣҲֻҡźҹȫɥʧǵ˵ţҾİ

ڵеָ˭
ѵǺҹ˵һӮҾˣΪʲôҪң

ʲôˣһʱʧŪ˶Ͼ;ڵĺҹ塣
תӿȴӺ׷ϡܣ֣ҹ弸ʱôõĹ֦ͣϣҲǰ

ʲôˣ˭ģ
ҿźҹ壬˺ܴı仯ӳˣ̶һʱ䣬׾ʲô
Ҳҹ巴ǲ˵ˣûϵȥɣ

ΰѣҹѾһνҹ㿪ҲУҸסʵĽҹȴһٺеĽҲֱֱҴ

ýĽյıܿҽҹеĲ̾۵סʶĺҹǸˣô׺ݵĿ⣬Ҫء

ʱ˴ЩĵĽܵˣȫмܲס

Ϊʲôڶ㡣
ҿЦ·𿴼һ㡣

ಣҿҹĽҴͬʱҲһ룬ҹֻҲýһȴҲ㲻ĽΪ˶㿪룬ƫһЩ򡣴̴ҵļ

һֻƿ˺ҹ壬½ٴδڻĹڵϡ
ҹ忴ңһʱ

ͻȻǰһڣʲô˽Ҵ롣
ӣҹԽԽԶ

ǰһԼһõé

ôҴߵˣұ㿪ʼʵ

hӣ˴·˺ˣʲôҪһ㲻֪ǸҪɱ𣿡

ҵЦģҲκ´Σٶ֡hҼӦңҲŹ㡣ͷʹhԼ·˺ãҰȴƱҰݺݵ

ƾʲôң

ƾ϶ѣΨһѡ

ҲܻĿŰh۾̾˿վʵ߰ɣ
ҵͷǽվ

ˣҲϣ֪֮˵顣

𣿡

ָѽЦų֪ҿеķˡ

㻹Цĳ֪ûˣ㻹ǸĹ̥

ҲΪҿŰhЦˡ





17

ҶŲ쵹ָˣԭ򣬾ҷܡٸ뿪飬ƺ鷳Լȷ벻뿪
ʥ²Ŀҵķ䣬ʱh塣
죬ִʲô˼Ķˡû̧ͷ죬ĵطҲҪдǰh׵Ĵк
hҳʥѽ۸ˡ˵ţһɫİ򿪣װһ񣬴ϵ½ûƽ죬мװҲϵȵˮʯǶɣɢŶĿĹʡ
ʲôhĿҲеӣĺ
ʥ㿴𣿡hعͷҵ
ң
hһ֪ĵģôƯɣͦظ˵š
ȫû£ӣҵ̡
ʥ㲻ϲ𣿡
ΪʲôҪ
ѽ͸µģڿţԼأ
һеӱ䵽ϣһ塣
ʥôˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ͱģС
Ϊʲô㲻֪ǸжޡҴûмô˵θڵļһȻȫҷߣطҪ֪ɽׯĿˣ
վŭ˵оͲУ

챻ͻȻˣԭءһԵİhҲԾĿҡ
ԼЩˣЩڣϾʲôҲ֪Ǹղš
ʥ쵰ûҰѻ˵꣬Ѿһ˳ȥ
ҿű߻ţɵ̾˿

ʲôȥhôһ˵ҲŷӦҲ˳ȥˡ

ܵͦ죬ҳ˷ţѾӰ˺ü˶˵ûмҼġ

٣ʲô
Ŷ㡭ûпׯ
٣ׯ£
Ŷǰ
ׯûпҿˣźöӺ鱦ԣȥˡ
Ŷлл

ûйͣԣȥûм죬Ϳһ˻겻Ժȥңһǵı飬ӭ˹
ׯ𣿡
٣ˣׯѾһ10棬5⣬7յ14񣬻С

ûôܼҵˣǻ߶߶˵ţѾȥ

ԣҵ죬ˮжһˣ߽˲ſЩʲô解èۣʯ
йһѰءǰһץס߾ٵ֣ſҵĴڡ
һȥҿ㡣
ʲôˡ
ֻҷ˦ɫ߿ҲҪ㡣
ҳҸղ̬ȲãóУǸ
ǸͲɽׯׯҪʲôûУʲôҪȥֺǸ¡һУҾúòֵ׳գ㡣㿴ҵĴڣôҾúԱʲô㣬벻ȥںЩ˵ңĺʹʹ

ҽ쳶Ҳ֪ΰοҲ֪Լô
Ӧʹһ٣Ȼĸ˵ټ
콫ͷҵļֱ۽һסҸû
һȵ塣
С庮ңĶǱġΪԼᰮʲôˣȴ޷԰ζİ
ֺۣҲů죬Ҫô죿ûٰʱ
һرţϦǳգһӰĺóó

Уֵᣬڡ֪ԼҪ߶Զƫƫʲôûмһתתơֵ֣Ŀ
ҵׯˣ㻹Ҫʲô
˵ң
죬˰ɣ
У죡
һЦ˵찡
Цߵߣ㶼ڸôˣúù䣬ˣԼ˵ģһ춼Ҫң
ԼΪھζӦĻһҪԼĳ嶯ҸʲôҪӦҪ󣬺һ춼ߡ

ЩطǶȥѽ
ɲһѽ˵ҲΪϵ飬Ĺ

ҡͷܣ˺棬һⲻܣȫһæԼһαϱӻ޶ȡ棬˭Ҳû

ûҶ룬Ѿǰȥûа취ֻˡ

һУװ˼׺һЩԵġܿһȻֻų

һĺͬǽഩڵ棬ǵӺװ磬ӦѣӵĿˡ

ڹʱ򣬸޷֪¬ķҲڸ˹ʵΪһ飬⻼Ҳһ˵

¬ɽׯĴ󻧣ܼá¬״Ҳòȥеʱһֱ룬ɽׯ׳ģĲӦҸʱʹڵġ

ΪʲôʻһɽׯĴڣѵû뵽һɽׯ췴һǸ佫ûĻȥǣǸأûеǹ

ʥʲôѶң
Ŷҽϵ״򿪣һȺΧ
оָšһҲӻ޶ȵİܼӣѵǶжҲûмܼһĻµݣλûһ˿ֻĸ԰

㿴ʲôæôһ˵Ц⣬һæ
ллǣֵǺأһмҪ£æǰס
ֵܣǣһԲĿڡ
ǳĺأôÿЩ㵵˵
ЦŻصûпҵܵܣЩֱŤԸ磡
ʱЩ⡣
ǶǴİмᡣ

еĶЩ˺Ҹ쿪ʼߡ

ôˣӸղŵھû˵һ仰𣿡
ŤͷңЦ˵ʲôôС㲻Ը⵱ҵܵҿǶԵܵܺܺãܺõˣ
˭Ҫĵܵܣ˦ҵ֣ǰվš˵Ҫ㣡Ҫߣ˵ݣ





18

ʥ֪֪еʱĺܼԹվߡһԽͯŮΪʲôֻܳΪĵܵܡҲҪҪұıڻ
죬Բֻڸ㿪ЦеʱҲ£̫㿪㡣ƫƫԽӰԽǿ׵ĳҵߡرģر𵽣Ҳܲע㣬ܲں㡣

ʥ˵Ķ𣿡ϲ̧ͷЩŵĿҡ۾ĴսĴֻѾҺ졣ҲһЦȫݺݵĵ˹ ֻЦ⣬ǿʵԻȥҺö

ⲻǼٻôãֱָʹһѻŹ֣콫ַŻصҵģǰ
ѽ˵𣿡
ŶһһĽŲС

һԺӣһС˾ӭׯ
ʲô飿ڱǰһׯɣֻǰŻӣôţǸС˵׹ӣˣ
ҺĿСˣеİ׹ӣǱˣӦþǰhǰ԰УôͻȻȥ
׹ʱʲôı飬ҲһҲ֪顣hôæȥѵǳʲô飿
ˣ׹ҽׯǸС۾͵͵һۣȻ¶ͳһţݸ졣ɨһţڵ֪ˣȥɣ
ʲô飿СȥҲʵ
ûʲô˵飬³ͻȻûдк
Ŷҵͷ
콫ҵʥп𣿡
ôˣ
Ǹ£ϾԺҪһ
ƽĿڵ죬ԲҲôΪʲô
߽ңֻסҵңʵʥǲʲôңһϵûûУΪʲôÿҸ㶼쳣Ľţڵʲôʲô
..ãҽ͡һڣյߣͿͻȻſڵӰһ½ӲסˣԼ󿿣ӰҸǡ
ôˣֵĿңȻ˳ҵĿ⣬תͷȥЦôˣô㻹š
˼˵ңҲǲܻ䣬ȻҶ֪һĶǼһϣҲô󵨣ڴſھ§§
Ѧһ˵컺ĴƿмĽôб°Ǹҹˣ㶨˵

Ѧ˵ʶתƻ⡣춼ܵȥˣһ춼ˣΪ㱻˰أ

ܣ̫Сˡ£
ǡѦ˿ɫѵǾվ𣿡
ôУ롣

Ѧͷһߴźɫˡ·ſƵģ˵ôʵѵʲôּ

ѽ˵ʲôǣѦεЦһǰһȥǸἰҲǣ߹һ˲䣬ǿҵĸоһԼ޷ѹˡ

޷Ƶĸȥǰվſڵȴʼղȥ

վʲôұһعͷ㿴誣һˡҲϢϹġ

ûһ߿ˡ

԰ͣãЩˣԵСƺȥˣ첻˽طˡ
ǰһƬõƣźڣ˴һ۾ĵˣҾ۾
ʲôˣ
仰㲻ҡ
㣬̼񾭣һӴӴſȥ
Ҫȥ𣿶ã
վſڣѾҴһ϶ȴûһ

һޡһޡ

ת˵Իˣһ񡣡ûң˵ҸӦǸȥˡ
סڣӦ첽ǰȻڲڵţܸо˫ŭ

ӣ𣿡ҹ򾲣ܿ۾ߵ,ôˣЩˣЩҲ÷ˡ
ҹŭĽҴקҪô
ˡĴʹ˵š
ˣôͣתͷźҹǰ壬ҡ
󡣡
˭ҵġûץ壬תͷҹ塣
󡣡ҹͻȻҽסƿøˡ
󣬲ҪĥˣܲˣҲܲˡ
ĥ˭ĥ˭?ҷҹƿΪ˦ˣתۼֻصĻ

㵽ҪôôܻصߡҹĿڣҵĿʼʹЩ˼ĥԼΪʲôټ棬㲻԰ҵİˣʶΪʲôѵǱ˴˺Ļǲమá

߰ɣҲڿ㡣ûҪҵˣֻǡֻһǹʥҿźҹ뿪ңһ˫޺۾ŲţһԶ롣

ˣǱÿʼ

Ҫ𣿡ҹվҲԶĵطڵƽһʱ롣ûҡԶǸиɻĺҹ塣

ǵģҲˡұ۾Щĺ˵ڣѹĵʹϣԼƽ

õģ֪ˡ

ҹɵ˵ڣƽģֿʼʹˡҹ壬ԭ㣬ôסҲЦ

۾ҹľٶŵˣɵϾȻ÷ĴƬԼˣѪסӿ˲һУһקסҹ˵ˣΪɱ𣿡

ҹںɵЦɱˡڵ֪ҾˡҲˣ㲻Ҫ𣿡ҹ彫մѪֱ۰ǰĴ͸еѪҺֻſǡǷ⡣

ȫԭأҹĻһԺǻҺݺݵĵźҹ壬ҪұƷ˲ŸæϳһЩҹ

ܡҹһѽƵڵأ㲻ҲҪ𣿻ʲôѽ

蹻ûСվһ˹ȥصĴںҹϡԼȴˡҪţʲôԭҶҪƽĻšȻҲԸϣȴǱҪˡ

ҹ尲ĿңҪˡҹ弤Ľұס






19

ԩҹ壬ⱲҶ˦ˡ

ſҡƽ˵
ţ֡ ҹҡԴ˹ϡ
ſңҺø˿ڡô˵ҹſϽҷſֱۣС湻ݵģԼҲôݵ֣˿ڣ۵Ҫʲô̺ۣһ㡣һ˵һСĵĸ
󡣡

ʲôʱѧİգ治أ̧ͷҷɵЦǲף˳ˣЦĳ
ˡ

ҹЦҵĽ
ҿڵѾˣҲûȥϢˡ

ȥΪʲôҵȻҹ
ʲôһЦ˹ѹڴϣҸҪ˵ͱôסֻͶķݡ

ҹ˫ֲʵĽ⿪ҵ¿ۣһѹ¡ȴͷ󺹣û˿ٿֱۣѪѾ˳ҵһԣѹԼ
ôˣΪʲôͣҹЩĿҡ
̫ˣ˯ɡҽֱ۷ͷţС§Լߣ̫ˡ
㣡ҹЩգǿûзԹԵĿ˹һ죬һᱻ㺦
û

һȥɣ
û뵽ҹ˵ʵҪ뿪
ͻȻˣǴ˵һ̡ȴû뵽͡ҹû˵Ҳָ֪졣һȥɣ
ȥѽҲһֱƻٻȥ𣿿ɲ壬㡭ɷԸΪңӵеһУңʶһ˼ġƫƫȴ˵

֪ڵʲôĺˣѾסڻʹڣ֪㣬һᱣ㡣

ҿԶҹգ壬㻹᲻ã᲻ڵһСʼǸɼˣǻʹǱ𴦣ԶԱ¶¡

Ϊʲô˵ңһҪһ𡣡

ҿźҹɴӣһЦĬϡ

ҹ˯ˡҲ֪Լô˯ˣ峿ҹ뿪ֻ֪дȻȥһ£ʱڶɿ棬ɢ

ãҪ뿪ˡǰЩӣһԼҪ뿪飬Ҫ뿪ЩᣬϾѺʱߣҡǺҹٴγ֣Ļᱻж

һֿµͷԺ֣æסԼĺ˼롣Ҫ˵ʱˡ

ҿųȥײ誣һϲңҲĵ̤ҵĵطʲô
һûпʣȷ˵Ѻˣ
˵ʲôһϲ鷳֪˴Ҳûаʲôġ
˵˵һ˶Ҳׯﻹһء
ϣû
ģûпոġЩӣ㵽ܣ˶ҲҲˡׯڳ飬ҪԳȰùЩǳʲô©ӣ춼㡣
㣡˵ûоûУ㲻ˡһطȡ˽ׯ԰

ȻϲˣԲׯ֮ҿЦׯڳ飬ʱֲڡ
Ҫǵ鱻ײǸ֪찮ȥ

٣
Ҽ¥ڣæǰׯ𣿡
ׯû
쵽ܵȥˣĴҹƽʱȥģȥĵطҶҹ˶˵ûм
񡣴˶ͣеĹȥׯ
ǣٳʲô¡
Ҫʣ˵
񽻴飬˳ȥ
쵽ȥˣҲˣһȥǶ֪ǲĵط

żʱͻȻǰʹҡ

ΪʲôϲǸǸǻʳ𣿡
ǡ
ôԶ￴ļ
ҲҪվڸߴԿԶһЩ
ʳǣܣ첻һȥġ
ߴ
ʥ˵ʱ͵ߴȥϲǽһЩ
뵽Щȥиɽ£Ȼߣȴ뵽ߵĵطҵֱңһ
ͣǾɽȥˡ
죡
һȥһߺ֡Ļֵġ
ڣɽϼ죬һڱϣԶʱѾǻƻ裬̫£ȻƵĹâ
һﴵ磬ûд¡
˺þҲſڵûȥˡ
תͷңΪ˵

֪Ϊʲôõˡ
һ㶣㶼֪


ԭҵĶôǿҸúóס

ǻȥɣǶҪվӵǲ˵ЩʲôοֻҸҹ֮飬ԼŪס

̫ѾʧܿҪˡҹ·ߣټұͲ졣

Ҫ뿪ȴܱߵĲݶӿҾĿܱߡʥôˣ
ˣ
ܳĸӰסǵȥ·
ĸֳֵָƽ
ʲôˣҽ커󣬿ʵ
Ҫ죬ÿһ˿ڵ
죿ѵΪʲô誼졣Ҫ첻

սеĽһˡ˼ûÿ˼ٵǹҲνĸ첻书ֻܶҷЩ˲һ̿ͣרҵɱ֡˭Ҫء

첽ˣһСĹ¡Ҽ˹ȥסֽ֡ýܼʱץסҪǹȥɡ

֣ҪǶȥġ
ûĻתͷĸˡȻҰǶˣȴûȫɥʧжҿһ߱ƽȥҸڽӡ

ſңǶ
ұ죬ǲֵġ

ʹקϵֿʼʹûкãѵҾͻ
һ˳˹һŽȥҲ˹һӽȴ޷ֵˡ
ղУҸ˫˫¡

ô죿
ȥԲڡ

ҽ챧Żһɽס

ʥû°ɡ
Żû˵죬һ˿վڣǵɽ²Ǻܸߡ
ߣһܿͻȥ졣
ˡ쾪
ֱ۶ˡû¡ǿ뿪
Ҹ໥ţǰȥƬɭ֣ľָˣȫֲ巽˰춼ûг·£ȷһ飬·ˡ
ô죬·ˡ쿪˵
֪Ъһᡣ
¡
һĴǣ죬һ붼뿪ҡҿ˿ܣѾȫȥҪҹˡһ뿪

ĳҵͷ
Ϊڱ׷ɱԵȡůҲ뿪ȥѰԵġֻôԭءеĳԽԽأ߿˿ҲЩıš
˯ҡ
ʥ

ǲȥ˼ģòãĿڡ

ԸⱲӿɼ¡ô˵һǺܸжԣϣƽ
ӵеһ𣿡
첻˵ͷһ̧ͷǸ㣬Ը⡣˵꣬ͷһ
Цˡ
죬ɵ






20

ӣҹˡСȫӽںҹϡ
ﺮأֲáСȫӵĵĿӡ˵һ𳤴ģ˽Ǳ˶Щ˲֪ӵ˼֪ǰΪӣӷ̫ණҪڵ̫Ѿӵˡ
ϲĻﵽٶմͬԴߺ󣬾ûмЦһҹ飬СȫӺҲ˵Щһգ߱δ죬ˣٳ̫ӣʹ׷·ӣԾڱѰˣӵ彣·һ֦߱޷ϵʬ塣ӴӴһ˼ɼҽ빬ҽΣתԺӱˣеʱСȫԼҲ²͸Լʲô
Сȫӣʲôʱˡ
ĸˣ
ҹ˫ȭŭ֮ĸˣʱڣʼղ֡ҵĴ
ӣҪ̻عȥȥ¡
һ̡ҹתص
Сȫں棬̾˿ٵ˭

죿죿˯졣ѾˣǱ뾡뿪
վڿ򣬿뿪طˡЩصӣﴩ󡣻û׷ɱǵˡӣ¬ܿһˡ

ҽ콻ǣһɿڸȥ
ʥҪȥסҡ
ҡһعͷԲ𡣡

ϵɿڣѾûҪҵˡеĴֻˣɿڶտյġվڶɿڣŴ󽭶ȥ
ʥҾϲתͷȴվ󡣼һƾɣüûи誻ȥ
ô
ؼҡ
ٻͷһ޼ʵĺκ紵ź
壬Ҫ
תͷ죬Цõġǻȥ

صס˾ͱƵı֣ı˸ظ֣԰
ʱң죬誶ڡ
誣õô챻ôΧţˡ첻ıԹ
һءׯһӣ£ɽׯô졣
ŵɱ誷ϵƣҿڵһûǻԶҲٸܺˡͼ졣
ʲôˣҶ´˶֣Ҫ֪˭һŹ
˭һҪ¶ԸǰˣҹǲСѾв⵽˶֡˵
Ŵûʧ֡һڣʲôҪİȫ課м˵˵ĵ򵥣ڰͷʤ

ׯһˣ԰
վ쵰Ͳֻܰ
誣ȶʰ𽣣봳ŵˣһȥ
԰дĻȣˣ治ɽׯ
Ұν˽ȥһɱ
һ˷Ҳڿնȥ԰㵽ʲôˣΪʲôǷǳš
ڵһ죬˺ׯһë
˵󻰣ҼֲͶǳţҿɷһ
˵ϻ

˼غϡѾҴˡŽߵڵأѾýס

٣ĪҪ

֣ôͻȻ֡

ôڵϵˣȵؿڻ

üʶ

ûˣǰ٣Źҿһۣ˽˸Ͻӵ

л٣м

˽ӵϲ˵û£̫ˡһȥ

ҷ㣬㻹Ͻߡ

㣡һְҵĹ򡣿񣺡һȥ
ӵĿһۡ㻹뿪Ҷﲻ㡣
ƿˣǰ
ûз죬ֻ뿪

ص԰԰Ѿָ˺ƽµĺۼһһһ˷䡣
ҽϣڵƺǷһ͡
١
ǲ˵ǲ˵ҿͷ֧֧ģҪʲôҪ룬Ͳ˵ˡ
ǵģ٣ֻǡ
ҲЩˣĹȥҲ̽Ͼ˽ιϵΣҲκпɳ֮
Ӹղſʶŵˣ԰ɣ

ǺãҲ㡣Ҹ·һǸŵĹϵһԶ뿪ɽׯ
ǲģֻǣ飬ҸôѵҪ
٣Ҫ뿪˵һ¹ǰٽ˻ͷľ뿪١
ΪİȫҲߡ
١סҵ°ڣ޵ĪҪ뿪
Ǹӣǰûп޹ʹʱ˺ۣҲûмᡣ
ҲֻǸ֣ҵĵܵܡҲ㣬ڵľ棬Ҷѡҽӵ߰ɣҲ㡣
ûĿ󣬾Ȼ뿪

ʥû°ɡһ죬˾˹ʳʶ̵ġ
Цҡͷǲ׷ģҪСġ
Цøӡڣ˭¡

ׯӣ١
쿴ܽˣ˰ۣڵǲô죬˰ɡ
⡭⵹ǡ
ʲô
ׯиһֱׯ⣬ô䶼ߡ
ʲôˣǰʵ
Сˣ֪˭СǸһġ
ҡʶ˭
˵ò˶ͻ뿪ȥǲˡ
ǡȥ

ûжʣҲ͡ׯСĽ³ŵӰ롣Ȼͬ찲Σ誡






21

ҹˣվڴ⣬ޱ顣
ʥǵģͽǹҲǰ취˵¬ҹǲˣָˡ
ת죬ԽԽ˽ˣ֪ϲǹ񣬵ϻǲ̡ƫƫСӹִҪΪʲôء

ԥʲôȥɡôˣСѾܲסˡ

ſڣû뿪һߵǰ񡣡
 ١
£ȥһط
 
ţ
У ̫Σˡ
ˣţתߡ
ҴӦ
ҲˣȥúϢ
ңʵҸϣ뿪ѡҲǶõġ

ʥôˣʲô
ҡ
Цˣ֪ǸС׼߽˿ҩĶղŸʲôôףҶˡ
㿴ˡ
˵ҿɲǸ㡣
ҲЦû˵ʲôʲô
˭ˡ
֣˱˽
ҿҲæˣٰЩ˲θ̣ˡ
æҵĻ
⡭
İɣЩǱǿǧ򱶡Ҳһˡ
ұ˳طϢ

ڣ¥飬һӶϵ£Ȼλá
٣Щ𣿡
⣬ҳˣҪúõϢա
Ҫġ
ٲõġ¥һˣġ
ĵͷǷġ

ȥ񣬴ʱѾ
ңǸ˵ָֻܿı顣٣
Ҳ֪ζƽǰ
֪
룬ŹϵǳҲȥʲôʽϵǡ
벻һȥðգ˵ʲôҲ˵ġ޶ԣȻҸȷʵйϵپһҾֻٵκ鶼ܸı䡣ٴ񡣡
СӴʲôʱʼϲ¹ˣ͹ǰƫƫҾһûа취ЭҿԴ㣬뱣֤ԼİȫҪ˵ĸһ
ǡ

һʰǱˡĴ£뿪¬ȥ˻塣¬˵ԶԶ˵ǻɽ·ߣȴǳˡͱڣɽڲȣоʯ䡣
žڻ嶥ô͵ɽ·βܵﶥ塣Ż壬ҷǻûеţѾ·ˡ
Ųٷ嶥
ҿܣӲݺ͹ľûв֮
ҵɻ͵ŵ̳ڵ£٣

ǰŤһ͹ʯͷǰһʯͻȻƿҸ˽ȥתʯѾָԭ״ԭ·סˡŰ͹ƽı棬һ£һĴмһһ׶ʯ·ǳˮۣʯ·һ쵽ͷÿһξһͷͷ죬Ѫڡ

ˡ
һᴩеͷʼˮƻ˳ʯ·һǰĵ·ֱƻͨ
ʯ·ľͷһΣһˡ
Ҷܵʯ˵ˣɷһʥ

ЦһӰϿƮת۱㰲õϣ棬ӿһˣվࡣ

û뵽ŵĵҾȻǸɫŮһѪƤˡ
ôĵӣȻҴҵĵط
û񿪿˵ұ󣬹ֵұʹûҲŮûжҿ˵´˴ס
ף
ǵģһǹɽׯׯ̧֣ɱ
ƾʲôҪô
֣Իһĺ񡣡
Ҳء
ЦӦף׮׬ŵ¼ζׯ¶֣Σǲϸ˵ŵĹأһΪޡһºһ񣬲֡
Цһ»ûе֪ҳһ޹

ûһ仰Ǯʹĥɽׯеǽ鱦ֻԺû⣬ɿǹׯȫ˵ɽׯǵǮ𣿡
̧ͷλòĳֻ˫ˮĴ۾µµֱתڿ⡣æǰɽׯ˴θǮһҸļ۸߳
ڸߴŮаȵЦɽׯȻǳִ󷽡ʵҲɽׯȥȻӶˣôòӦ

ӦеĴʯҲˡ
Ȼ˵һ֪к£
Ȼµ˽£֪ɷһ˵
ŶǶ¡
ֻ˷׷£ֻʣ£ˡ
ҸҪڣ˵ô㻹ûҽ𣿡
һۣû˵Ҳ뿪ˡ






22

뿪תЦСŮףӿԽס
ף
ˣ˵һҪллӣҵܵܡһ£׷ЦĸŨôѵ²ҸĹϵ
Ľ㡣
ǡ
Թãҵһʱ;ϤԭĽ㡣
֪ӣҪ̸ʲô
Ҫˣ
ˣ˵Ц˭֪ҳɱ˵ôˡ
ҲЦҵֿѵסԸһǧƽ
ôһ˵ײЦ⣬һʵʲôˣô
ֿѽпڣǰиңչΨһˡпǻʳڹ䲻ܱѺڻʳ֮С
ʳǣ
ôˡ
׿һۣмЦô繫˵͢Ϲϵɲһ鷳䰮ȴûбҪ͢ȥ˵ǳŽӲˣû˸ҽӡ
ֻǰлȫĲҪǣҲܲˡ
˼Ҫʱһӣҿɱ֤ˡ
ꡣǰָǣ꣬ʱ䣬һܰȳҲȥˡԿʣٵȸꡣ

ãҴӦ㡣
һǧһڸ㡣
ãһжӵġ

ת뿪ȴ׽סм£
ûУ
ΪβסЩӣҲ׽һµ֮ꡣ
鷳ˡ

ôãȹҲ׵ľˣΪŴôõ˵ʲôҲҪӼ졣οò׻ǽܶ˺þòҲ۾ۡ
뵽ԴӸҺ󣬾û뿪Ҫס졣תһ룬ĽǳĵλҲһͣΪʲôҪˣҰߵʲô㡣

˴ʥһȥ񡣸һţӭ˹ȫʥ
˴Ϣˡ
Ϣ¶˿˿ϲá
Ǳ㡣ǲԶҲĿڣô˵ڳŹƹܣñ⣬˵ֵǿ
㣬ĪҪ˵ˣߣͲǳŵˡᶨ׶Цˡ
ˣЩûʵĻƭ˱ˣƭҡ׵ָؿڻȦȦǲǶˡ
! ˵ʲô
Һ˵úúã㲻ԸϾˣҾ͵㲻ôġҿСӲȻ㲻ϲҾҪˡ
㡣ĵĿףΪĿĲֶΡҪôϽλá

㼱ã˵ǡЦÿܻܵ۰ĺܡܣ˵㲻㣬ʥˣԲǸ򵥵ĽɫҵܣҲҪ㣬ɽׯҪ¡뿪뿪
˻
֪˴ҪǺˣ
˭
ӣҹ塣
ʲôôԾ˫ۣôҲ벻ǰջ˵ɽׯҪӺôתۼ䣬ӾҪׯⲻ̫
ΪŷˡɽׯʲôôҪ˵Ĺϵ⣬ô׮⡣ʵЩӣҲһֱ£߶ѶԸˣǸܵˣǲǾʥ

׼ͷֵڣҪѡ˳ˮ飬˴¡һ뵽˴£ֶ׬һʣá
ǽ㣬ٺ̸ָʲô
Ҳûʲô񣬽Ȱһ䣬뿪ˣ㻹ûݵʱ򣬳뿪
û˵뿪̸ס

һҹ뿪ȷʵ죬ȻڣǼ찲Ȼôܰġ
óŵ˸ͨһ˴

Ҫ뿪
ǣׯڻ£󲻵ãǰС
Ȼ£ҲҶֻԥһ֪ڹοΨһĵܵܡ
οǲİɡ
ǣô˵иһˣҪ֪Ƿҷġ
ĹǣסҲġ˴ȥҲֻСҲɱ֣ϧˡΪǻǲҪǿԸ飬Ͼǲ;

׿ңϱأմＷ֣лӵѣ׼ˡ

뿪˳ţҿӱ޵Ļص¬ѾõϢľſڵȺ򡣼ʱҲ˲ñģĿ֮£ұס
ϧúõĴһôղݣԲ
԰ҽʼĩ˵һ飬Ҹ˽̸Ľ
ʥ
𣿡ҽ˵꣬Ϣһ£ȴס
һ£ֻʣЦǰ¡Ȼ£ллΪ鵽ߡ
ҲЦˡɵϣһ
һ˫۾ҿҶе㲻˼ˡιҪʲôʱ򡣡ôƵġ
ǿҲԼҪһôá

ַͷ˵ѽǸӣʲôʱܳ󡣲˵Щӻ
վ뿪ʵ飬Լ

ҲǺӣҲ֪Լ˵ʲô֪ϲ˭ǵٳ֣ңҡ֪ˣ벻ҲŲ¡ʹǵʥϣҲʥϲҵģҪƭԼˡ

켸ǰҶӡ

Ҳ֪ҸȥϣӦáʲôҲûѾȥ˺ˣѾҲɵĹɵĵġʹôƭԼҲסκˡϲĻ˵ڡ

ǰֹסҵĲңҡʥҰ㡣Ȼ֪ǷҵҲװκˡ
һĿסҵĴһ롣





23

ҹ԰УѾþûôˣ˶ڵ£԰ȵ˯þ
԰дһ΢죬Һ߽žƺ鷳ת뿪誽ס
ʥ
תЩ誡£
Ŀɺã
ģ誵Ŀûյţԥһ£ǵͷӦˡ
һͤ¡˭ȿڡ쳣Σ誻иƺȸֻͣɵš
̲סˣеľƺȰˣƶ

ЦпЦ⡣ԴӺ֪ȾƣͰׯڵľȫЩֻˣ˲

£Ҵ֪žƺ
ұȺ鳤꣬Сźĳ󡣲㣬ϲԽӽͻԽԶҡ֪첻ᰮңʹһϣԿ̧ͷңĳ֣ҳ׵׵ʧȥЩ죬㲻ڣҿźΪ跹˼֪ô߽
ִҵļϣֻǰŻЦŻ¶Լˣ֣Ҿ֪ˡ
ӡ
վʥҪΪҾˣ֪ԲһŹ㡣˵꣬ҡҡλε뿪

վԶȥӰ˵ҶЩǸΣ֪꣬ӦЩ롣
˵ʲôˣҲá
ֻҸĿһ

ڻɽׯĴϣƷ裬źľɫ
֪Ϊʲôһ磬뿪԰֮£˽Ҫɽׯ컹رأǻɽׯֲûлȥԽԽ㲻ˡ
˴θһҪȥһˣ
ʲôˣɽׯһֱʲôҪˣҪҼأ
ȥ˾֪Ц⡣
~ָأ̾˿

ûнɽׯҺǺ棬Ҫȥ˭
Ǵܴ֣߹ľСһ·ң˵ЦȴҪֻδᡣפһɽڡ
ʲôطҺĿڡ
ȥ֪
ŤСƢŽɽһƬӻȡһҹ飬ҹ鲻ЩҼ̫ˡڶǶŴССıʯˮ
ҿۻңͨɽһرɽıءҼǰСɽܴ󣬲·ܶ࣬·һʧ
߽һڣ콫еҹŵһ̨һӣڶ
ǺֻܴܹòҲֵ֪ǡ
һǰԼȥ
ҿŻ񣬴һ˲ţٷ硣ѵҼ

ףˡŻߵס
ԭĸףһ˵ôм졣
ѧӣߡ
ף캢һ㡣Цһ£ǺⱲΨһˡ
ЦŽ¥ڻˣԭǴҳ
һչ˺죬ġ

ҷܣ˲Ļ񣬻ˡҲˣķɽ
죬ŵĶ˵Ļ𣿡
ԡ
ҪҽͣҾͿһ񷢴ȫɵû죬Ŀ⡣ֱǰ
̫˼ˣˡ

ߵǰ˿ңֿ˿񡣡ʥôˣ
˸Ǽʲôϵ
Ŷѽҹùá
ùáܴĺ˼
ⲻܣΪʲôĸĻҲһĹùãⲻܡ
ʲôҲŵȷϵ
~һûпҵ쳣˵ɣ˵ʱˣһЦǣһ㶼š
˵ùãΪʲô
Ҳʹҵĸס˲ðˣӴϵա˰˱ˣաҸ׾ôһãĻǺݡ

ĸԭ㡣ʹż˲˵ıѣҲԼİ鲻ڡףΪʲô˵Ļ

ҲΪʲôɽׯнĻԻ͡ԴĸҲԸʶĸĿǷ

ʥôˣ
Щһжģ졭ҵıܣ̫ˣôԡ
ҵͷʹҷ˳ȥ
ƴܡֱǰû·վסӣ쳤һȻĹڵء

ҿ˸Ц
ҽԺ죬Ҫôͣһðˡ
죬ҵʲô Ҫĥң






24

ƣصɽׯʱɫϣſڽĵȺһңɱ˹ұס
ҲڵĴ˳ƿһ˽һԭء
ص䣬һϷֱ˽ŲҾ֪˭ˡ

ʥһֱûгԶˡ׼һЩϲ˵ţһ߽˰ϡ
Ҳ߰ɡ
һ춼ԣôСι㡣
ҴĿӣϵĶͳͳĺڵء˵Ҳ˻ôˡ

ԾͲԣʲôŵϵƬȻתųȥܹǣſڡ
ʲôøʲôʲôȥ뿪Ҳ׷ɢȥ
ҿŵϵǽ壬ٸнĲ֪ô
죬ҪܰѴ˺͡

ڶգһ뿪һ·ϣδ˵֪ޱĿǰˣƢ˺ȥ
Ҳ˵Ҳܡ
ص԰ʰװһ¶ģ԰
٣ʲô
ʰöͷһĿſڡ
ŶûʲôֻͻȻ뻻ط𣿡ҽȷŵһԣ
⼸ĿҲڣֻ
ӹеĿɨһۡǰЩ鶼ΪҴû뵽ڵЩѻôĿ
ͻȻǸһֱܵܿĺӣ֪ڳŹĿɺá
٣١תͷʲôô񡣡
ûʲôԺ¥ﻹҪġ
ֻҪٲ뿪ʲôÿࡣ
˶ĳߵĿģƫƫֻԼƭԼҲ֪ǸùֻϧûʲôԵ֡

ᵽδ
ûжסճķ䣬Ҳٻ
񲻻ٻ
Ӧǡ
ȥǼ䷿ɨϲĳ˷䡣
Ŀٴοϰʵ͵֪誳ȥˣصģ֪ЩʲôЩĵ⡣
Ժڣҿ϶߲ˣԲſĿ֮ǰ뿪

һص¥Ѿˡͽ˳ҽȥĿŷһС˽ҵϰԣװεļ򵥣š
ϢſˡŲȺ;ƺ
˵һеˡܿϣζȡæˣҪ뿪æסô࣬һԵ£һ԰ɡ
Դɬߣ
ҾƺҲʡˣֱӶźں
٣£Ҷ
ȻҿЦţ

ͻȻ߿ܻ˽˻ûȥ죬Դŵ˵ЩԵĲ𣿡
̧ۿ˿죬ֿ˿ңȻͷ
óԣ֪ôãиˡԺ˭ҪȢ㣬һҸ
һϣ̧ͷƳһ죬ЦׯҲô£ô˻鿴⡣иˣһ鳣ĲƵļ˿ڲ˷Ȼͣޡ
ʥ㲻Ҫңһȥ
ҵͷЩΣӰӣʼģҲ
վߵԱߣСĿڵׯҪҪ˫ꡣׯҲЩ
ˣһƿӲȣڵϡ
žһ۾ĴģŵĶҡ
ҿԼ֣΢죬סĲʲô
ȻΪôһŮҡ
ҡ
ʥҺ㣡˵꣬ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ʧķţҴá
ңҲãܴӴ˲Ϊѹģôá

ߵߣӵϷԲĵģҵĴ㲻Ҫ
˵һǼľ룬ȴſң㣬Ҫƿҡ






25

һҹһֱûм졣ȴʼһϢҪȢ
Ϣֶߡһڵ˭ϢѾ˵ãףءԭ¬ĸ輧һصΪҿڶʱڣΪ̳ɲ֪ָɽׯǣλ誡

񵥣һЩķеˡ
٣Ӧôﶫ
ĵ⣬ͻȥ˲֪˲ҵ£ǾܾĽ˭𡣿ǲͻȥѵȢɡ
ϣ֧ͷϵ˼ô¡
Ѷͻȥ
̧ͷѾԸˣߡ
˹ȥô
٣Ϊ𣿾뾡취ѹ֪ûв͸ǽ֪
ҡԲҲ֪˭ɳ飬ǣ
ٵ˼Ҳ֪ٵĲߣѾ֪ˡں˽οҡҲԸ٣Ϊ񡣡滨˵

ҿþ˵ޥĵŮӣ˭ۣ˭룬Ϊʲôء
ˡǲǸҰˣɷԸ޸ء
ϲдŲ˼ı顣վԭĴ𸴡
Ը⣬һԸ
ĽϵˮĨȥͲҪڵǸĵģٵ
٣񡭡ָָѻһԵƷ
ͳͳ£Ըȥ׼ϲ硣Ҫϲֵġǵ׷ȥ

ڳǽһլӣط󣬵㹻ҸסˡˣҲţðĶһͽլһֱֵģҶƺܸˣҺþûмЦˡ
ΪʲôֻȫûһϲõĸоأʹҾڱǰϲԽĺ䡣

ʲҲڻɷ򣬵ﻹ˵Ŀɬʱ򲻶ԣһûȫǺҹʱ򣻻ӱ죬Żɻ顣ɣҶһҪλ񣬲Ϊ˱ľ֮쳹ģҶܷڡ

ŵƽʣ죬һɫվϲм䡣ܹ˺ɫ˿ǽϣϣпɼĵطϲ֡

ľǰϲһԺⶼˡ֣ҳһš
ҳµǰһϾ͸ңһİš԰ˣǼûʲôˣֻܰ¬¥ȻˡҪȢҪȥ¬¥ˡ
ʷһţҲںֻҪ˾ͺá
ƺƵĳˣǰۿЩϰ˿ȥģһеİҶûв룬˵ֻҪϾͺá
¬¥ǰǰƸ߹ңǴĻ֦չվǰظ裬ЦһƬ
ֵ¬¥ʱ¬ĵط
һϲͷң˹ܱߵĽһӶΧ˹ȥɢֽǡ
«Цĺϲ£죬ߣ˵ͿСӶҼҹ˼Ҫһ㡣
ǣ
«ĵͷĹҲΧ˹
ұȥվֱӶѣлôҵġ
«¬¥һμӻ磬Щӣûٰæ⿴¬¥װ֪꣬Ϊûæ
ôȥģһӴ糿ϡһǰǵлҾ˵˲֪ٱ飬Ʊ֪˶ٻأҪ԰ڵ˾ҵľƻòʡˡ

ʱɽׯ˲ʵΪǲ˵誽ţ֪ǲˡ

أִϲ誹ҹ
ллһ
˼ׯ屧ǰףء
֪һˡ
Ҹ˵ţµ˹ߵУϲʽʼˡ
Ҵϲǣ֣ǰ
˵ָ£վá˵رÿ֮ҽһԷޣ·һжΣ㲻ʵ
ʥ
һ󺰣ȫ˶ſڣһվ
죿ԭſڵ
誸Ͻȥ죬ϧûá
վǰ죬һ仰Ҳ˵
ʥлҪ˵˵Ŀڡ
誹ס죬С߿ڣϲ硣
û誣ֻҡ
ҡ
κɶУкҪҪ㡣һץסңߡ

Χ˿ʼ˽
ҳԼ֣عͷȻͷҲص˳ȥұ񾪵ˡĺͺӿͷҲһ˾ô뿪

λ˼ׯڳ飬ϻ






26

ȥ׷죬ȴסôڣҪ˶֪ׯ֮𣿡
Ҳκ֪չһ£ϻ
ҳţþͿһһ߿޵졣ﲻһЦôӡ

ɽׯׯޱӣһšЦſڡ
̧ͷңһ˫۾޵ͨ죬ϵЦҲҲסˡһ룬ͱαסԲ𣬶Բ𣬶ҵĴҪҪңҪ뿪ҪȢκˡ֪ԣȡ֣һеһУҶԸĵģģġ

ɵϣôĴأܸıһУѵܸı˵ʵ

Ұ죬Ҫ㸸ǰ˵úչ㣬ôҶ㵱ܵһúչˡ

ܵܣ֪ҪĲƿң˵Ϊʲô㲻ҲʲôܵܣҪҵİˡ
ҡͷҪȢ
Ͳ
ΣƽĿڡҡ
Ҹ㣬͸߹㣬Ұ㣡Ϊʲôš츧ҵգ˵ʥҲںҵģԲԣ㲻Σҵһ̣Ҿ֪Ҳ֣ҲҪ֡

һķ֡죬㻹ǲôҶᰮ㡣ˣԺҲǡ˰ɣҲϣִţҲϣΪܵκ˺

֪һʱܲˣûа취ûʲôʵ¡
ûκηӦε̾˿Ӧòʲôɵ¡ϲ绹ûнһҪȥ
ʥ
ͣ½Ųȴûлͷ
ҪߡЭĿڡ

ԲҲģô֡
۽һĵ䣬ҲٻͷҲͷ

һſڣӭ˹żףǿһЦ
أһʦģǰ
ȥˣ֣Ժׯˡ
ҡûж뿪ϲ硣

ԺڵıͣԳԺȺȵĶˣһȥôһ֣ûһ飬һ˻طϢ
֪ô£һݵڴϱ˯ˡ

ʱͷģۡ
๫ˡ
ųԵģĽƿѶ¡ߣΪҸ¡
ҡ
๫ˡȳԵ㶫ɡ
ܿ͸Ҵ롣

嵭ͣҳһЦ룬Լʲôģ˽ޣһҪǿʲôһжٺˣȳʣҾʹĺǣõġ

ƫƫ첢ϧңԺҵӿʼһڰҲҡ

ˣɽׯˣվſڣ׼ȥ¥鿴⡣ȴɽׯһˣҴҵ˵š
Կһۣ̬ԣҸϽصס֪һҹʱ䣬԰Ѿȥ¥գһƬ档
԰ĴѰңʲôҲûУҲһҲһ๫ǣ
Ҳ֪ͻȻ뵽ʲô׷ʵ¥Σ
ûʲô쳣
ˣ԰ɴһ٣Ԥıֻǲ֪ԷĿΪΣ¥⣬ɽׯطĲҵҲܵһӰ죬ɸ봫飬һ£Է˳˻١
ׯأ
ҿ˿Χƽ˵ǲ£һ¡

Щ˸ҹȻ԰֣һһ㡣죬誶ҲûܷǵټӦǱץˡ
սȭͷʲôˣұ뾡֪ǵ䣬Ȼ֪û֮ǣٲƤ֮ࡣСܵǿࡣ
Ϊʲôҵʱû£
Խǵǵ䣬ԽһûСҲ鵽ɽׯĿ⣬ǰʼڣ첻ϵĴɽׯƳһǮƣȴû֪ǮôڿǮʶ֮󣬿ʼŲõģֱңһйء
๫ŲϣЩ죬һֱæѰׯ䣬ѾöûкúϢˡ
ҷе˲Щͷˡ
ޱӦ໥ֵġ㲻ҵл
ҽݸ˳˷䡣Щæҹʱ鷿˯ˣЩ䵭ӲԹ

ڰǰĿһͻȻŶ롣վȡһӱ㽫Ʒڽ¡
ˣ
٣ҡ˵ţ½ϵĺڲȡ¡
񣿡
ǣ
ôսеĽʵׯʧ٣йأ
ûڶׯ֡
ΪΣ
һ˵Ŀңѵپ񶪸𣿡
𽣣Ǳˣ׽㡣
˭һѵֻһ˶ȥ𣿡
۾ңѰ𰸡
Һ˵ǣɽׯڵֻΪΣա
û飬صĵط
ЦѵپͲ֪ׯ𣿡

֪䣿
ǵģͷ

⣬иլǱڹլһʯڡ
תȡһŵͼҵ˵Ĺլ֪˭µ֡
ֻ֪иž۲Ƶˡ
ž۲ƣƴĻˣһҰĵˡҼǵһ⣬ǴһСѵԭʼɽׯбϸҲ̫ܣûʵһˡ
ˣҳһ䡣
߽£Ǹվڷڵһ㶣ѯʵ
ȥҰѹҪطڳһֱܵͨ¡ԽԽãݵ󡣡ָŵͼ
ͷӦ£뿪
ɲˣҹһ紵ݶҪһر
̣֪ͨСˣţԻס
ټѣ㵽ȣҵѦѦҽϵ

һ뿪ҶŵģҲһ롣
٣Ӧʲô
ҲŲڷڣûҪģģǵȴ
죬ô㶼Ҫңҡ





27

ɲ˽լڵһһ㱨ǵҹڳһܵҲסˡ
ҹǱȥȳˡҽһ뿪ǲɢˣһغϣ¬СȻȴǸزĺõطѾ֣ӦȫĵطѦҲϵ
ֻôãԺ󣬾һֱ߲뿪֪һȥ죬Ҳðա
ʱҽΣ
һЩֲˣߣҲЩ

ɲң˵˹լҽԼļƻҲ˵ɲӦܵˡ
ɲǵߡסǳ֣̳롣
˵ĿֻһǾׯ
ǣ
ǣ

ܵȥѨмңһЩĹмڳһܵ˵Ͳ⡣

ܵľͷһʯҡʯң˳ĽլĵʯΡʯε·ܶ࣬ҵ˱ء
ںڰĽ䣬۲ΧĶ̫࣬Ͳ֪ǽ˹ںδ
㷢ʲôԵĵط𣿡СߵĹ
ùֵֹģһĽٷˡɻ˵Ҳһ㡣
ûǾѵģÿһ˶иԸķΧ뿪
ô죬ǻ֮УҲ߶ᱻֵġ
ҵ˵㡣ȻһЦûйϵа취
ֱһĿ꣬ɾȻǵķΣǵһףüͷİײŰѱ֡
صԵĵطѧű˵ӣԼڣ߶ͻȻðԶϰڷŵľ̳˼ڣڲͬһӣʯΣ뿪ԼĸλһȥҸһһͬ˹ȥ
һʱ֪ʲô״ΨһľǽҪʼ֣ҿ϶һǴη
Ȼھһ֮ҵ˹ѺĵطЩͷҪȥˣȴ
һͻȻ˭ǹĻصԼĵطȥҶһž۲ơ
ž۲ߵһˣ˻֣˱ɢȥˡ
ҿڵ㿴ղŻֵ𣿴һͷĿ书Ҳһڻ¡ԴһҪž۲ǸˣҲǸƥ򡣲ø
٣ʲôʱ֡
ȵȵȿ
ٹһЩҲͿʼƣ롣Ӹղҷڵÿ˶ھ״̬һ񾭱̫ƣ룬ټϣҹ˾غɲкƣʱɱһֲֻЩ죬ղŴҴҵĿһۣѾڻ֮УȺ쵰Ķ̡

濪ʼ˶ǸͷˣȺ˿ڵǼȥ
һСˣ뿪ˡҲʼжĿη
Ǹʲô˭ߵġҰνһ˵Ѫ֮С˷ֲʼǹ
ȥˣҺһ
ž۲ŵö߶¡
һͰ
ѺĵطԱ߾誣˾¡˵һգҲ˵òᡣߡ
ȴһֱԡ
Ǽ뿪ǸͷȴŸ˳˽ЦɽѽҲ͵ˡ
һ֣ܳʮںϵһ֪ղǰ˲ͬ
ѵɲʧˣôô졣Ҳü˵誣Ե죬ͺ뿪
ĵ˵ߣ뿪סҪͷ
ԾĿңһԵȴȿڵһˣ͵вǡ
Һݺݵ˹ȥϻֻҪƽ뿪
課˵ȫҵ˼Źˡ
ûôףǸЦùȣѾʼͷˣ׷ǹ
ҴӻͳµķڣܡԼҲ˽ȥں⼸ںһᡣϵǧأһͷ˩һ򣬴ʲôطͻһӡ
˵ضһ취ṦмشȻʮ㣬ȴжڿвһ𣬰һ𣬷벻ҳûýǵҪͷںͬʱҿصײһȻֵ˻ȥϣѪز
ͷɫ䣬Ϯý֣ȴֲ˷˳ȥ֧סҡûеҶħצץæ
ʱ򣬴ӿһˡҲüһͲܵеùôˡͷķʱӦѾܵ
ˣܵȥһȥͳһըҩһȼܵȥ
ֻһʯοʼ̮ȻʱĶ㿪Ǳɳʯˡ
ʯҪˣ
һ˴
ʯҳһšƴӣҷЦǲ֧ǰһڣڵϡ






28

һˮͷţˣҴһս˫ۣҿһܣʶѾ뿪ʯΡ
춼ҡҿЦһ¡žһҶ𣬲ۡ
㻹ҸүЦһòªˣվǰŵİƤޡ
ǻ˿˿һڣȫѪ˫ֱʮּ϶ãž޴򡣿ҵĴء
ģ㻹Ц˾ӳҴ
ϵľʹҲòг
ˣϴɱˡǻأǸ֣ͣﻹš˸ӵģ֪ɱǶˣҺ޲ðƤNND

ʱҲſ壬Ǹӱӵ⣬仹ĸˣɷġ
𣿡һ˴˽Ҿ֪˭

߽ǱӣЦô㻹ѽ
ҲЦҲãһ档ʯҸ£Ǻ̫˳˽Ҳἱըܵ
˿ɲЦƺ˵ЩʲôһԵָһӣ³ҲԼʲôôǴ˵
!!
˵˵һߡ
ƾһ֮;ˣ˵ģ治ɱ㡣ǰסҵ°ͣЦֻҪ˵ںδҵǻῼǣһ
ߣҲ㣬ֻ Ҳ֪֪ǲŹңǲƻߣӵһκ˶Ҳĵط
ӣҿСӵɫǲʵġһԵ˷ߺ޵Ŀڣ޲ýǧС
װϧӣϲβ˿ڡӴϣ㿴ǰ˵ģٲ˵Ҳﲻ㡣
ҲˣͷƲһߡһҪɱҪı顣
ŤΪҵ𣿡
ҵʲô
㣡ߣǼҺúõĽѵӲʱ
˴ʮּڵϣһȺΧ˹һȭߡ

ӦѾغϣѦڸҽΡʱΪûʲô󰭡Ҫ֪н죬ҲҪߣҾӦ¡Ҳᱻ١
ɽׯڸطвҵЩڲԱ֪ҲǱ£ҵǡ

ˣڿڡ
һȺͳͳɢԺĿʵ֪Ǹôô׵
ǼҺúÿţ˸ˡ
ұ¼ܵʮּϣ˴ҡڵ˳ȥ

ҹҹûֹĥҵûչһ˿⡣ʱ˻ΪѾû˵̫࣬ɳƵԼİĥľÿͬ̾ߣѾںˣÿһƤûдѡֻҪһһǾͲֹͣûָʾǲġ

˻~쵰ˮѣϵİѾĿ
һ۾ǸЩʲôҺܸ˼ǻûҵǡ
߻һˣξѾô죬ڳˡֻǰˣЩ졣˭벻
үˡ˹һĹ˵
ǹӿһۣһ㶣ȻȻЦǶȥɡ
ү˹򲻴
ôӣǻ߳ȥѡ

ܿ˶˳ȥӾʣˡ
û뵽껕Fҵˣ㣡
üûв´˼ҡƫƫʱһҲ벻
þòˣ󣡡
ҳԾĵɴ˫ۣô£ô֪ҵݡ
ôˣôԾҽд𣿡
  ˭Ŀڡ
㲻ǵûйϵڹ㲻ǺΪ㣬ֺòɿһֱ벻ͨ㵽ʲô£ΪǣҶǡˣҲ
ǣ ӡô᣿
ˣ
УϢλֹϵһֱܺá㲻ǣ㲻ǣȥɵ
˵ҹīԸأôٶ˲⣬ҵǶ˽⡣ڶ塣ĺþãԼ֪ԼŲһ㺡

˵һҪл㣬ǴѶҲϻ뵽ЩҹīгɱҲ֪Ϊ˶ٿࡣһΪһֻ

ҹīӣҲʱͻȻʰ̿壬ҵϣһɽζҵɳƵѾһ
۵ȥҹīЦǿģʹȥ
㵽Ҫʲôҹīһȥִ֪ʲôľٶ
ʲôߣɱ㣬Ϊ˻֪𣿡
 û㣬ҹ壬֪һţ Ǽ档
ôһ˵ҹīЩģܿͻָˡ񻹲֪ڹϮҹѾ˧ˡΪ˵㡣

ڹϮĸʥ
㣬ʲôԽҲһʱһ㡣

ڸʲôǵˣĹҵİΣѵˣѾˡ
Ըߵ˴æ

Ҳ ѵͷΪʲôҪץ죿
嶼ԳѾΣѹͷ
ôµ㻹𣿡
˼ȥѵ飿ҪĲ죬ĽɽԸûҪǽѺΪ˲֪ž۲Ǹĵơ

Цʲô
ҹī͢ôһͨͨĸ̣ߣ̫˰ɣ
㣡

ү~ҪһִҴ˽ҹī˿ȻתͷҵȻ㲻˵ǾͲҪˡҹīЦ˦






29

ҹī˵Źңȴû뵽ôĵڻļ󣬱á
һĵϣϲסð麹뿪֮䣬ҹīܣǿҺһҩҩһֱãʹҼܽ˩ס۶ϡʹҵҲһ
ҹīȻ̵ķϵһ书ɢɢȻ鴫ҸһУ˳һֱѣߺ޽İգΪй޶һЩϣЩһʹر

ܿҾѺⶼ˸õηҸϼӿܡ

ԷˣѲ֪˶õʣǰȻٿһۣ˳ȥ
ŷſŲ֪ʲôĶĺڵ㣬һζвһӿϡþȫ볯ⶪ˳ȥ
žһˣ˷һأǷ׷׸
ģˡհӼӷѽǲǡ䳤򿪷ţһ˽
ȫȻĿһԣҸ죬˸ɾʡóܺ޾ĥ
ֵǣܵϣԣȡҿܾǿʱ
ոɵֿ֫

λ磬ҿԽȥ𣿡
ѣ۾ȴӣ˵ʲôϵǻ
Ű׻ӣĽŴ򿪡
๫ӣ̿˳ˮס¡
  Ϊʲô Ҫ
ͳ־ҵĲ£ôһˡ
Ϳߣһţá
ңӴ򿪣淹˳๫һ˲ٿࡣЩΪ׼԰ɣ
ڸҪҩߣǲˡ
๫̼졣ׯˣ޴󰭡취㡣
Ҳȣ;Ȳҡǰνֻ֣Ͷ
û껕FЩ⡣
ô䣡䣡ƴĴ󺰣껕F
껕FмĺһԱߣ°ͣ´ϣŵĻǲءǵϲֵ÷зɷء
ҪʲôǸãݵ÷
ôˣǹ˹껕Fֽǰˡ֪ô˰ɣ
껕F쵰ʲô֪ߣҪôĥҶԡ
껕FЦſȫȻҡ˷ܵزˡ
ˣҳη⣬С
Ȱ㻹ʡʡɣˣͱӴߡ
껕FߵǰҪúÿϷ㣬ôС
껕FҲŹ㣬һɱ㣡
ɱңֻ϶Ȳɡ

˫߬ȭļЩ޵ЦҶ߲ϵ
㣬Ҫ㣬
ߣǼҪͣ

ηһĿǽϣûٿֻ֣Ǵ
껕Fô뿪ֻʣҸ
նĿԶ
򡭡ߣƫƫ֪˵ЩʲôҸطԼԼƽһ£Ѿܲס
ûи㽲ҵĹ°ɡҵĸҵĸױһԺܶķޡһ˵ĳ֣׸ıԭҸļͥҵĸףÿϴ棬վڴڣһվһ죬ҳθܻĸףûСֱĸȥײٴγǸط׵ıģѹܾá
ĸ̫СҾͶԼ˵ҳɻ飬һʼաṼǸԸΪ޵Ůӡ

㲻Ҫ˵ˡͻȻ˷Ӧ˳
Ҫ˵ôΪʲôԭҼȢ㣬ͻ޵顣㷢ʲô飬㶼ңҵķˡ

ңֺαƭҡҲҪĿҲûз֮ʱҲûȥʸӣлл㡣

ҳϣٻûн֮ǰȷʵűˡԴӳɻ֮ҾʹǹȥֻҪʱ䣬һĵ
Ƕˣ˰
ҴһҲûнлأܳȥ

ҵۿٴˮУһ˳ܾˣΪʲôҪ޹ˡ
Ϊʲôߵ˶ΪҶҡ

Ļ˴󺰣˽˰

ҸоͻȻû建³ĵط
ʥʥѰ
һ۾ȴˣ֪Ǻ죬˵ټٱ˫ۣϧû
ˡ





30

ҷ·һڰĶѨΧһжǺڵġôߣ߲ȥ
ٽҵ֣ſ˵ȴһ

ʥ
ǰ۵ĹâҾòʣߵˣһЦԭһֱٽҡ졣
˯˶ãһ㲵ֲۣɵգˡ
޵ӣҽڻˣˣΪҲˡ
ɵϣôңô뿪
һξ룬˯̫ˣʹأпֻ죬
ûмڣЩʧǷ̫ˡ
ֹҸоԣʵûл𣿡

ôˣңĻ죬ѵ뿪ˡ
ʥ˺ˣҾʹȥ

Ҳ֪˯һ¡
־ʮ죬Ҳ´ϵʵûкãֻǵ󣬼ˣΨû
ҵһҪ£Эһߡ
ʯҵǰ
ǡҲŵ졣ûпڣֻǵ˵ͷ
ô᣿ⲻܣҲšƿߣģд𣿡
һعͷ·أ򵥵ļ֮֡Ĺ߽ڷǰָ档ΪʲôҪôɵ
ġҴӹһŷ⡣ױд
죬ܲҸ


ţּĿ
ӣ
ŵʱѾҪΪϧһ㣬ֻϧӣܰˡ
ǸˣСڼԺ̫ɫɫˡΨӣģ֪ˡ

һμӵʱ֪ԶԼǣ֪ܣǲȥˡ
֪Ϊ֪ͼҲǺǻмӡ빫֪⼸꣬һõʱ⡣صļwww.2 7 txt.c o m (ȥС˵)ṩÿС˵Ŷ

ȴԲӣԴӱӴӼԺڰӣ乫ׯĹϵҲΪ˸õļӹӡӦӣҲ˽ģ빫һ𡣿ˣӰׯֻǹԼ֪ˡκ˶ƻˡ
ƫƫǸ˽ˣΪԼҸϧĴ﹫ԼĻ¡֪һΪίԼӦ
Ϊ̫Ҳùӳ̫ʹࡣ

ǲŹη˵һУֻǡòǸŮˣӦиõİ¡
ллΪһУǳϲ磬
ԭ


ҹɫصסϣ˼֣ޡⱲӲȢֻһӣǾ

صھסļªѾҶʱ
ûʱԼѹȴȥɵ飬ϡ
Ϊ˾ңɽׯɽ顣Ψһľҩ޵ڶ
һֱ֪춯õĲƲõεأҲд𰸡ԭı֮⣬бȳ²֡ǲǼ򵥵ӷҡ
һҲں񣬲ҵĸʣңкһҪ㡣ҵֻҡΪ˶
ұԷһУƽĹҵһȻǲãҾҪʳѰ

˵ڷԣòֺɲ˵
ʥأͻȻĿڡ

һ֮Ц
٣Ǹô
ЩΪ˹Լĵλûѹεط֬ࡣ±Ա֤ԣʧģʲôߣ
Ƿҵʱսûʱ˼ǣǵʤȯ˺ܶࡣҲӿڵ
ûӮôܾʹ˷Źĺû᣿
Ҫô죿ʲô𣿡
ȻǣҿŹ˵ǲҪҪһҡʥ뿴ϷôԸء
Ҵӳȡţֱ𽻸ɲ͹þһа취͵Ӫټѣ켸򲻴˵ʥľӪһǵȥʱ򣬴ϴԣı־
쳣˷ܵȥߣСʵʥдʲô
ˣ
ûƭ죬ŵݲ࣬Ҹɲ͹ʱ򣬲ûķӦ͸Ĺ
ˣڸô죿課ıʵ
ȣ
ȣ㲻֪ϵʱԽԽΣ𣿡課ĺ
ʲôޱĿڡ
ҡ㣬ҸҲŪǱ
誣ͻȻڣֹ誽Ļ
ô㻹ڻҵĴ㣬ׯӲܵĵطׯѵ漰йس͢һС񵹺ãҿɱͷ
ҿ죬˵ģһжΪҡ
!
Ҫ˵ˣѾǼƽһеʱ򡣳ʥһֱ㣬䡣ʲôҶ֧㡣ܶѣҶ㡣
ĻһֱҶǻ˵ѾǰˣֻԼϡ֪̫֮ԶʹֻԼţԶء





31

һֱڵȰټѵϢսĵͼмΪһšǵһһȥӡ
ڰټƽĹʥһֲǶɵĺͷԣ֪ĹΪͬʱֱõϢɲ͹ţдһʥͶϣһʥһѡ
һֱãֱʥǡѺŽʥıֻ·㱻ߡ
ϢƷŲ衣ʥôϵսء

Ϊ˭Ҳ鲻˭˭ѡҵĿľǽšʵ൱˭˭ΪѣһҶвʥûð˭ʱǰ˸ʥӹܣǲ¼أôһ֣˭ԱҪսҲûиʹԪͣսʵ֮١ҿĿ־壬û뵽һգԳһϷ򵥡
컹һսҪشʡǵ¡
˵Ҫԣ
ҵͷͼǰָ룬طȿСɽ֣ҪΨһĳڣˡ
ҹīʰ㡣

һҾʹȻľӺƺƵĳȴǽ롣䡰ɽʯ̮Ӷʱǰ··ͳͳ
٣㿴ӡɲָһѾ
ȥǺúܣΪ׼һСɲȥߴɫҺ壬ճճһվڸߴŻѡ˲ɽȱ˻𺣡
վڸߴʹ಻Ⱥ˲ĵҡͷѪĿһУȷʵЩҲ̶ã˲仯Ϊҽ
뿪֪ðһȺˣ׷𺣣Ȼִӹȵ׷һˡ
٣ô¡
ͬü·ͻȻЩ˸ճȺ
٣Ҫ׷𣿡
ˣ͵ΪֹɡȺʧ֣ΪʲôҵĿʼۣ˷ͻѵʶǡ
߰ɣ

һվڸ̨ϣ̨ǧҸ߾ٳìߺʳǣɱҴɽӣ
̨衣
ʿߺʳǣɱҴɽӣþòͣ

һ·ɱַҲһ󡣳͢˴ѹȴЧѡܿұһˡҹ
ϣҹһ£ھȰûнг֡ҶӦУΪҳսûиκˣѾûֻʣһЩڵƣֻŻˡ

ЩҾãʿǡвʿͨҲϳͿԴȫʤ
ÿҹҶŻʳǵķ򡣴һѾȲֵ̿ӡ

ҹˣʦسûãҾеϢϢȫ֮У졣

˵ظ˭ˣεʤټѸ˵òˡһһʼ۽µսԲ
ôҲɸô죬͢ͻмõļһǵģСǲɡǲ˵ҲνҹܵĹ˵ãЩĸꡣ
ˣӦӣҹī
̧֣ͷ壬˲ѧţҾľʦ
ԼáɻĿڡ

͵ʥһֱãȨ̫ƹܡӣҹ壬˵һսˣδɵء
ˣͻȻ˵һ仰ڳĪĿ˹
٣ʶӣʵ
죬ˣѦ᲻֪ĿڻصʶɲȥǿҪúõӭӵ¡
ǣ
˸ɲȥֻʥҡ
죬ʲô޹ءοһһ䶼ģҡ
أϣҡ
ȻС˵Ҫúչġ
ֻչ𣿡
ҿ淢֪ʱѾȻ뿪
ĺҲĥ

ϣҹīȻǰĵһ仰Ǻҹīĳôûѽ
ҹīʿЦڶޱĿƺƵĴֹҹīгȻֻһ棬ѡǻᣬôȥˣûʲô仯ҹǰٹˣ֪Ƿ
塣
ڣ
ͽλˡҹīߵṫ£ˣһг壬ת뿪Ѿûʲôˡ

ƫƫһû˳ҹīĽ棬ǶһӮҲЩÿǰ̾һƣ֪Ҳѷ֡ҲЩǺҹīĹ͡

ȿȿȿȡ
ʥ岻ãͲҪǿţﻹˡҿһ죬ԼͻȻ˲һչˡûнǽӻȽ鷳غҹīиȿȿȡ
㿴㣬嶼ˣЩҲôûҵ֮ءһֱ룬Ǿʹ˷δһ¡
ȿȿȣܡǷҲҪȡȿȣȡºҹīͷᱳҵĺ󱳣Щʥ㻹޷ͻ𣿡

ԴҾҲûмЦĮͲռȫ㣬ʱҾİʥǻصǰòã
ǰߣûпˡƿ죬վı䣿ԣǱˣһеˣҡ죬ȻңҾúĪ






32



ҳ⺰һʿһŽңȻ˳ȥ
Ҵţɫһӱˡ
ôˣ˭š߽ң˿еţһ㶣ȦףʥǧҪ
ּʶ߬еż߳˷š

Ҷһ˳սӪȥû߽Ϳһһξĵطͣ
֪ˣ˻عͷһϤǰ
Ǿţǧﲻ֪˵
˵ˣ
Ȣˣ
ͬʱڡҿźҹͷ
㲻Ӧóҿڵ
⻰˵ŶԣΪʲôΪʲôҪ
㲻ԭ򣬾ԼҲϣһǻ
ΪʲôͲΪңޡһҰˣһҵˡҪҵ˾𣿡
ұ㣬ǱңѵڻΪҿƽƽĶȹ
Բûа취ת뿪
ԸߣĺǣԸеĳޡ
ͣ˽Ų岻ʹ粽С
ʥҿҵߣִҵֱ۴ҷס
㣡ҹתҵô
Ҳһͷˮʱðġ
ΪԼġǲᶪңʲôĺǵġһŵĻصʥ㲻˵Ҫչҵѵˣ
ûСҵ˼ȫˣΪʲôߵ˲ָôҹ͡
ѡҸ֮䣬ѡѵΪŻԣΪС
ңҡ壬ֱ㻹ΪߵĵزԼԭ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ʹĿźҹ壬һеĽͶöࣺң޻˵֮䲻һ죬Զ粻蹵

ҿػӡ
Ҵ뿪Ӻҹ󴫳ҹī
ҹԾĻعͷ磬ô
ҹ壬ѳʥô㣬ôôߵĶԺҹ
ұ졣ҹæҽ͵ûС
ǵڶΣҵڶĸԸ
ǵģûСҹӿʿҹī£뿪
硣㲻硭

ۼҹʧȺ֮Уɨҹī۾ɱˣҹīһǰǧء
ˣ¡ҹīһ£һȺ˳˹
һӰǰǰʿ
񣿡ôǻصѵһֱߡ
һҵˣҿһ죬ԭҲ׼ûй˼ô࣬ս֣ôҶҪȫ뿪
ҴȥʥҲڣ𣿡
ʲôʱˣ㻹
±սɱŹ
һˣ£Զ뿪ҡʥΪʲô˵Ĳ
ͣ½Ųͷ죬ֻͷ󺹣ɫ԰סôˣ
ҡ̱ҵĻҽαסһѳѾ̽󱳣ѪȾһƬ
ɵ죡ҿֵѪ죬סҴȥҷ챳ڱϡ
ʥɲԸңûаأ
ǿᣬ˵
Һòã֪
֪͵ȺˣҸ㡣
ΪʲôƭƭҶԸ𣿡
Ҳ˲ˮߣ˭˵Ҫƭ㣬ҡ죬㲻Աۣˣһ֪𰸣һ׿ڶ˵
ɵϣʵ֪𰸣ֻԼԸϰˡԽԽСԽԽ
쵰֪ʲôʲô֪ʲôҲû˵Ϊ𰸣һҺúõĳšҲŹġ
ʱ㻹ס
ˮס»ҲˣҪոƻҸ壬㲻ô𡣡
á
죬졭ûһͷ죬ԴҹôûзӦ
죬Ҳ£һᡣ

ұ죬ĵĻصսӪ誵ӭ˳
調죬ƿ֧ĵڵϡȥˡ
Ϊʲô뿪ʣ޻˵
誣ҷ
ʲô£һɱ㡣
µģҲ¡
ߵ뿪
ɲ߽ʵ٣Ǹ
ʱʲôҲʲôҲܣֻҪƽ¡

ߵ⣬Ѿȥ
Ƿ׷׶ҡͷ誵һ嵽ĴǰʱѾѪɫҺٿ˵İǰȥĲˡ˵仰ѡ

ʼûմ𰸡һԶҵĵס

ӣҹīҡ棬һҹ֮䣬ɢʧ١





 1 

һ꣬ң࣬ࡣһҹҲԤϵĽҲ֪ζס˵ѹ뿪Ҳִ֪źҪ뿪

һ֪꣬Լʣµʱ䣬Ѿɡ뿪ӵҪ縺Ρһֻһˣû飬ûϣûûС

粻Ϯˮ飬մʪҵĳۣǰľɫ뿪˶ӵЩˣδ뿪Ǹ졣ֽҪ˳Բ񷣬еĳ޺Զώŭҵꡭ

٣Ҫȥδ
ȥ˳ţһغϡƽĿڡվڴͷηĴͷʱӵѾҺԶԶ

ǰļ䣬ټ˻ɽһ͹ʯǰǳɽڡΧûһ仯ҲЩ̾Щ꣬һ˽ŴĺܺáΪˡ

ʱΪԭûй˼İΣ뿪ֱɲе֪ʱˣΣ֮ʱĪ׼ʱϵȣҲ񣬳ΪһһźҲΪԭʼղ׵ѲΡʹʧΨһˣ仯֮ĶԹҲӵĹ¶طţƹܳš

վſڣҳٳδԥҪҪȥ

ֱ춯ʯƿһȺ˳ӭε̾˿ϵһ

ټѱɽ׵̳ۣټ鲻Խĸ̾֡ҵ侲е˷ܡ

ˡ

תͷԴһ湫ӳҵǰҼϣʱ䲻ıңҲıˣҲǸǰẦߵСк
ᳶǣòĿڣþò

һ֣ȥټҲ˳ȥһ̳ʣˡ
һϲãͬڸղǰǸϣ۾ҵϲͣתڿ뿪񼤶Ứд˿˿ΪԼҲˡ

㳤ˡ

и鶼¶ɵףĮĿڣ·Ĳ񣬶һİˡ

ҵ飬ʹļס

ѽЩ꾭˺ܶ顭㲻ˣҲڡңЦҸ㲻һԶһˣһؾꡣȴҪһС񼤶ץסҵļʵΪʲôô꣬ûһιҵѵ㣬Ҿʲô𣿡

㣬Ρ˶ӦóӦԵġԺңҲӱܣ֪һ£ұҪɡ

ٶӵЩ꣬ҲǶȫȻ֪͢Ĵץ棬ֱҲδֹͣӹܳţ⵽ڲĲ⻼˺ܴѹһеն

֪ЩһֱѰҵ䣬Ҳȥӵκ˲ҹ쳣ƽ˽𣿿ܰɣϾԼҲʲôࡣ

ΪеҲҪκˡ

Ϊޱ飬תϸ̨һ˵֪˴Ϊɣ˵ɣʲô£

ڻָ˸ղŵĮҲ

ǰҸһ׮˽˽ס֪֪

֪ͻȻһΪô᲻

ԼΪޣֻ֪Ƿ˼䡣

Ȼǻ˺ܳʱ䣬ҵˣȷİȫֻҲףٸкιƺܹĴˡ뵱̫ӹϵСĿһۣƺں棬ҵݡ

ûйעֻ룬ںҹô᣿

ǵĽѾˣлֻҪ֪˼䣬ҾͰˡ

ԭʼΪǸˡͻȻЦҿͲ֪ΪζЦǳŻô󹦷򣬾Ϊ̫ߵһһۣȻİɣõĺܣʹûǵıҲܼǿĻš

ҽʣµβϣˡﲻҿԾĵط

վסվûбҪ˵𣿡

С

ʲô

ԺҪٹҵ£Ҫκǣ

ת۳ǰеķŭ֪

ʥҵĴ𣿡

ǵģնĿڣԥҲҪΪգҪڶ졣

ƿԭص񡣴Űټ뿪˳š

һ·ϣټѲͣҽı仯
ټѡ
٣ʲôԸ
ҹīںδҶֻ֪Ҫ֪䣬ˡ
˵ڽǡ
𣿡ĳĬ
٣ȥ˻غϺζԸɺá

ؿڣѦҵĶ
߬ȭͷҹīһҪµ

ǺɲһˣϱǰǴܵĵطþδ£ٴط꣬жЩϲá
٣
ͷѽϣˡڵ壬ЩĴ£Ҷ˺ܴߣҹȻûп㡣

Ρ

ЩѼйںҹīﹴĹԱҽύˣȴЩ˿ʼҪʮηըƽ˲ŵ˽ɲ͸λǩȻճһºҪɹ
ɲȥ׼
ʵЩӦô
ߣߣšлв޼ҿɹ֮ͽŴ˴жǻвֵܵļ롣ʱ⣬ӭ

£ҽס壺壬¡ﻹҪָӡ

ü㣿

ңҪ뿪һӣһºշ

ҹīҪȡ㹷

Ҷһ·ûǵķߣ·ȥһ¬ĹǰѾδΧӲݴࡣ

ҪϹƷȴһջһԣĿήӦǼǰ顣ң˭

վĹǰ
һˡĳһᱨҲһ껕Fͷ㡣

ƶȻתѾվҵ
ô
Ϊ֪
ллҴɨ
һ۵ʯԵĻҡͷ
ңʱѾˣ
˭һܵˣȴû˿ͷ

ȥʵ
ƺˣ¸˵ĻƳһ񣬼ͣ½Ų·û뵽ûãָ
֪
Ҳüɵļӿ˽Ų˦񣬷Ӻ񣬴Ӻס뷢ƿȴһڣƽƾʲôô㣬ȴСﲻģҲԡҲǰңҲٵӣҲҪ뿪

ƺˣ񣬲Ǻ졣

ˣһš

񣬿ڵûҲ

ˣķŭΧҲŲ

ҾĿʲôҲû˵һ뿪ˡ

ҲףΪʲôҪѧ죬һˣһϴҲֻ






2


·̣ڲԶңʼղҲһ仰Ҳ֪ҪʲôѾ˽ǡӰ룬ѵҪһӲɡ

㵽ҪʲôһҽͬһҿջҲܲôβ棬ڿʵ

ûлػֻһϣҪ˸һĳԵġ

˵һ飬ʧ

ûл죬ֱһѽһӣͦظڵɱңҾͲ㡣

㣡ʲôʱҲִҲ̾˿ôˣСҵǿǰ͵

𽣣ǰ¡ҲЭࣺ֪Ҳɱ㡣Ҳ֪Ĳ㡣ˣôԡ˵꣬ص䡣

ңҶδõҹ£̼ǵõɱ¾ͬʬ㣬кߣҲ·

ô꣬ΪԼҲᴩ

ѦҵҩҩΪרƵģҹīȫޣȴû뵽ѦĿһҵʱָҩֻҩҩޣм˺

ѦҸ棬ǲҡԼָ书ͷһͷҩžˮ¡

ҩ󣬹Ȼоһǿܡ˵ҽһϵĹˣƫƫȻڻָһ̣ҵ־ͲԾǱĽźҹṦжܿҹīݾӵס

վںҹīݾӵסͣſڣеĳɵս֪ôһȥζʲôֻ壬ûѡ񣬼ʹˣҲܷŹþǵսᡣ

еĳɢźʲôǸͲˡ

Ҵ㷭ǽǻûжлӳܿ

һô£һ

ϸʵĴԺϣҳһšеļƻһӱңеҪô

УҲܾ뿪һҪɱ˺ҹīսеĽҷǽץһʿʵҹī

ʿıŵֱ£æĵɱңɱˣ

ʲôʿ

ںԺʿΡΡֻ֣Ժ

ִʿԺȥ

Ҳźҹīôˣ̫ˡ

ԺѾΧˮйͨһȺΧסͬĺµĽͣЩƺЩ죬ҿ϶Լǣֻ

ȺѰңѪ֮еĺҹī׺ͲʵĿҹա

ٿЩˣȻ֪Щ˳ʲôĿģûɱ˺ҹīҵźϵ˺ʹ

ǼɱֱΧסڼһ˹˵ã϶ˡ
Ҷһ书ǿ˲ǡеŭһȼ

껕Fս
Ⱥָ˵ҵģ 

껕Fһ£û뵽ͻȻðһҧܿϳңаЦҵ˭أɱүҾҪΪүҪ

Ҿٽܻ·˸ǣɫĹâɨ֮˵¡

껕Fһ㶣ô

ûбҪ֪ô࣡һԾץס껕Fȥ

˱ҵŵȥ

Ƿܣ趯ݵƬ껕Fȥ껕F˱˳ȥ

껕Fˣڵϣվȴܶ

߽ýָ˵һɱ㣡

һѪĽ껕Fͷ­ڵϣһߣһǿֲ

ʰͷ­ܡѾ˱Ժûдٻȥһֱǰȥʧ֮С

٣ķԸѾͳȥڳң֪ʲô㡣ӣһ㱨ţ

еط٣ɽׯһСҵȻѾɽׯ֣ڷԣĸ䶼ɽׯĲҵ

ĺܺãһҾͻ뿪Ǻúõտ⡣

棿һǵĿҡ

ΣҪȥʲôط˭ˡˣǲһλṫҹҡ

ƵͷǵģͦżģзԸԱǴˡ

֪ˡȥɡ

û뿪ãҲȻ뿪ˣûоκˡһϢ

շɽ壬գ˵ҵշɽеһլʱѾȺʱ

·ڸη٣ӵϢŪó͢Ļ̻̣вٸùϢ

լѾŵƽʣַǷҶףжɹڸ̨ϣֺ壬ȴһҲ˲ϯһ徻ĵط

һҹȥҸʽսˣİ˵ѵÿɹ

٣ѽֵ죬ԭһ˶ǾžƺЦ˹ɲһˡ

վ̫ˣͳߡôҲˡ

ˣǣǼڸʲôѽȾƣˬĽƸƵؿڡ

ˣΪٸƵģټѲվǰ

ôˣǺȾ~͸˵꣬ǾƸ׺ûˣ͸

ҰټѲм

ôƵģһȥҸٺȣһƿټѣƾٵǰһ

ҿһۣƸ׶˹ѧӺ꽫Ƹ׶һԡƸײϣһƬƬѾһˮҲûˡ

˿˶סˡǸǿĵĲˣŶþ

Ұǹ󣬿ʵ˭ƣ

ͳͳҡͷ

û뵽پôãɲп˵

ҿǲЦһ¡ǰմƾʱҲ£֪ǸΌһȥԶһ档

ֻʱңϧǰܾǧ֮⡣죬ֹҡôһ˺Ļ쵰ΪʲôҪأ

ңԼԼﶼ㡣ԴߺûΣѣӰӶǰ֡






3

٣ܸѡߵǰһ˵ǰλǰh׹ӣ

ҿǰȵӣһ㶣㣿

hЦҵǰҪң㲻ǵң˲Ŀ⣬hӵ뻳С

ƿ㻹ӣû

ʶȤ˳ȥһӣָֻ˰һطhҲŹ¡

ô

һֱ㣬Ҳ룬һӻٵԣʮõεˣ㣬ûȵ

͸ˣ

hһѹ£ЦҿǷ˲ù򡣡

ҿһҵİhǲ̫ˣ

𣿡ûеҷӦhҳԾ۾æƿվˣ

ǷˣҲ㱻ɱ֪𣿡hҲվƽ

˵ʲôʲôʱҪɱ㣿תŰhʵ

㲻֪

֪ʲôühı飬ƺûиҿЦĻôɱ

h̾˿ˣ㣬һ취ҲûС

ûĲ촽һhҾ㣬ǳұȥ̫ʤ¥Ǯĳҡ

hаЦţһұƽôʲôǲҡ

סڣҪٺ˵Ҳֵ֡

ǾأhЩ˸еĿڵ飬˵ˡİ𣿡

һˣȻشҸ飬ûһϵҲعʡ

ΪʲôԹʣ֪Ҷ˼ȴװ֪Ҳ֪ҲǰһֱãҴûд֡ǵû뿪Ҳһж᲻һҲҲѾһˡѾˣϣػ

˼治ƻʲôʸҪ˵ıҵĲ벻飬֤ǣǶԼҲߵÿһˡ

hˡһֱ㵱εѡҲƻꡣ£ǰ㣬ҸԶܡ

ȻܣΪʲôҲԣȥ꣬һֱһԸΪҿûôҪ㣡

hƽѹھʯϣ´ѾɣһһҵľϣһûзԴľٶԼ·ûдǾ䡰Ҫ㡱 ĻӦ

̧ͷǳЦˣЦдᡣѽ·ԣ

һ˻ص䣬ͷе裬Ŀڷϡ

ղҸh˵ʲôôԣƭãôӡ

ͻȻ̣ʲôҪǿѹԼȴáһѪӿ˳ƴĿԡźˮѾʪ¡

ϵľûĵʹ˵ڵأסĲ˺þãĥֹͣҲ԰վҩЧˡ
ǰһĻѣڲ֧ĵڵϣ˹ȥ

ٴѹѾˡվ˼·һӵǽݲʰһ¡ѾȺʱ

һͬȥУ鿴ʿ󻹺ãǵļСľƾû۾ĸƵġ

ʥôû˵ʱ򣬰hǰʵ
Ѿսˣãǽǰδеһս
аգ
սϣ˭ûʮİաŰh϶ҲûУ
hһסҵ֣ǰһһ֮
ҾȻûдｫֳ
ޱȼŵĵ˵ͷ

ʿϵ򾩳ǽҲǵʱ˿еɽѾγһйģмɵľӡ͢ʧܸաҵĶ׳γɰֱ

£ŸԵĳ¥ʼûǣʿڳغ졣ǸȹϵϣòˣǰԹ

ҹhһҵķ䣬Ҳžơ

벻һhžƱǰ˻Σƺҵһ

Ϊβǵ𣿡

hЦЦҡͷǣ֪һԭֻһ

Ҿ𱭣һ¡

hˣҲˬĺ

ǵǵһμʱ򣬾ڻʹʱ㣬һѩףӰȾȴ͸޾Ĺ¶ͱ䡣㣬һңҲ֪ôˣȻʹǰ

һ̣ҲһЦ

ЩȻڹû̫õĻ䣬Ĵ󲿷֡

һֱϣټ㡣ҹڴͷһұӡӺҹϧ֪ҹңҲΪҶӣһ˵һɽׯͻȻش룬ϲ֣ҵԵ֣һҹʧһûü㣬ҵĸܡҲϵѰ䣬ӦסڻʹҲϲݣҲдǺ١ټʱգҷ·İһĵ£Ѿʶ˺졭

Ƕǹȥ飿Ҳᡭ

ԣǴôΣҸ߹ԼٷŹκһᡣǰ·ΣҶѡһͬԡ

hޱȼᶨҵĿʼһ·ûҲ˳ߵ죬׿ڸңҲ֮Ѿйôƫƫע˺⣬ҵˡ

վʳǡ

ҪˣộټѾ뿪ЩˣûϢ

ſЩɧҸϽ˹ȥһţ̣ټѾվҵǰǻˡˣȴɫһ±ˣôڣ

٣Ҫǻɲأټæǰ͵

ô𣿡

ίʲôݻ˵˵ɣ

񿴼ڵİhһ㶣ԹԵһԣ˵

ھ͸ңʲôط

̫ӸͻȻˣ˺þã֪ԭǱһгŵ˵ĸۡ

ţʲôˣ

˿϶Ż磬òڡҪӹϵǳ

йϵԹãһ·ûм͢вԭҲҲʡôгŵ

Ҳ̧̫֪ͷ˿ɫ硣ټѣṦãҪǴȥһˡ

ҲҪȥվ
Ѿҵ
ﰲ˺ܶٱҲģοҵṦ֮ϡ
ʲôɲĵģѵҵĹҪı𣿡
ǣ
ûʲôǡhҿҲϣҡ

hεʼ磬ðɣһȥأûϷ






4

ټѣ˳˱ӪʩչṦǽǰҷҩǽ˵ʲô

Ĵ£ǺܿŵĸۡƫƧأѹôáΧǽ沼õĵţ۸ӡһʱ䣬˷

СڵǷͷж

ټѺͼһһҡܡѰҲûҵʵ䡣ܣȴټſڴϣ͵һʱ˹ȥټѿңһӵͷĺӣСźΡ

Ҳһۡ

ֻߡ壬һһŰҵǰԸеĺ촽šʱѪڵ

һϷҵһ۰ټѡټһĿңϵĺҲȥ뿪

~Ҳţ˽ҡûж룬ټһͬʧںҹ֮С

̲Уҵ˿ڵķ䡣ֻ֣ðſҲû˰أѺʵĻ͡

٣棿

ҵͷûҵ̲ҾڵˡֻҹѾˣΪʲôڵûϨ

ĵƿţڵû˿

һ˱Ҿţﲻ֪ʲôŷ˽붼֪

ſʵıӰʳӦóˡΪʲôӰ˵Щֳ˶ٿࡣ뵽Щﲻһ

ҳִпʵĻ˯Ѩʱſ˯ˡ߽ѾƵĽҡ
һֱףʲôÿԡ

ҽҷŽʻУȻ󽫿˱ϡټѺͼ̿һĻȲѡ̸Ͻߣ٣ɣ
ãҲκˡ

ұſʻصԼķ䣬hҵķ䣬˶վţ˭Ҳ˭ҽݣ˸Ƶģǰѯʡ

ʥ˭

hʵǲûжʣӦǼʡ

ûжͣҽƽԼĴϡ

˵ҹˣҪϢǳȥ

ô죿hָŴϵĿʵ

ûж˵ϻҲûأҽǺ˷䡣ֻصǰһڴǰݵĿʣжûмټѾôˣҲǸұڻСӡ

ʣˣصߡģٹЩӣǾͿؾۡ

ɱʳǣѰ͵סʿͰνšʹһɱ¾ᣬѾһ

վںǰ紫ǰʥ岻ʡҺ˸һͬʿһߵǰ

ҷ̵壬λ𣿡

ȲҲȣ΢Цˡ

ѽӽҲԼݣҲǿҲʥǷԣˡ󣡡ҡǰɢŲѷİܼİ

úã֪һΪ˵ġ

סڣûʸ

ΪʲôûʸһֱҶǶڽԼĸ顣ĸʣҲϽҡĿΧһУҪЩʲô

㲻ҪǰװɵΪҾͻŹ𣿡Ҿٽǰ

ǵȻѾˣȴ

ߵĻҲһȥɨߵСޡһȥͻȻСͻȻ磬һæͣѹؿڵʹô롣

ָؿڣҼʱסһ㣬ͻ̴ࡣ

ʲôáҪŭͻȻ˫סץŽ֣Լ

ֱ࣬ҿӲҵĺ˶ɵˡ

ЦѪѾһӿ˳һСҶ£µǶµĻšʵһֱ㸸֪ʹ࣬ԾҪҲʧȥζ

һʲô˼һĺеĸй٣һеתͷ֪ʱҹҲ˴ڡ

ʣʡұҹƵһߣıźʬסٿҵʱгĳޣɫ۾İη

úݡ

ʿҲ˽ںҹĲϣѾϾ˼Щֻǳ޵Ķҡ

٣ҪδãһǰʵҲ֪Ǹʱˣټ壬һôá

ȹ

󣡡ҹҪȴһסѨȵҲǿ󣡶ǡ󣡡

ҹһۣȻȻһЦȴһƬľʲôǰֻǶҹ屻ʿ˳ȥ

ڴϣźҹʧķûжֻɵɵţʬѾ̧ȥ˵ƺѾˣһǺʲôûа˵Ҫʬ嶪ǰһľ԰

ܿܣȻ䣬ѾߡҸϣ㱨սҹ屻ѺΣҹ̫ӸѱذΧѷɣѶҳȴһҲˣһֶҪ

ȥһеĽhˡ͸÷ȥɡ

ҶſڣԥҪҪŽȥջǷˣûκ˼κ飬Һ˯һһ

ʥϣһ˴̫Ӹ
ʲô
Ҵ̫ӸطѾþû̼Ҽæǰ񣬡ʥϡ
ôһ˽ȥ
⣬ûʲôʥϵָʾ

ƿֱ̣̫ӵķ䡣߿ţһ˽⣬ҹǸܰɾˣôӡһ̲̲ѪĿġ

ʣҵ£ĴѰ٣ʺʱ˲ġ

ǰͣ˽Ųڴߵ˲ǿʣǺҹҹ˫ۣŸ˿ڣѪ˳ָⲻӿ

ҹߣ̽̽ĺãϢ

ҹĻ˻壬Ż۾

أ

ңҹ԰׵ɫ¶һ˿Ц⣬㡣

˵ĺأȥҽ

ҹһקסңûõģѵ㻹֪˭˵𣿡

ʣôᡭ

Һ󣬲ҺܱǸС֮ԣҲẦġ

ţ׺˺ҡק˺ҹ֪һеߵ˭ܾã飬ЩΡ

ҹҡͷ󣬺ܸ֮ǰԿ㡭

ҹҵĻı˫ۣ彥ȴ

ҹˣ˼ڹǵһҹΪ˱ҹҲ뿪ˡ

СʱˣһӰʧ٣ʹôϲǣҲϣǾô뿪ͯƬΣҲ޷ƴաȴЩᡭ

뿪̫Ӹĵط

һ뿪̫Ӹһ㱨ңѾҵ˿ʡ

һվڣ˽Źϣֻʣˡ

ΪʲôҪɱҹ쳣ı䣬ûΪҹֻǲףΪʲôʻôҹô£

ΪʲôԡʲںĿڣһô˽ᣬȻһھζûС

תҲϲ̬ȣϲ˵ʲôԭµȥ֡Ҳ֮䷢ʲôȻѾͶϣͲ˵ɱɱġ

ߣҺɹʿҲҹ֮䷢ʲô

ʶ֪ǡһ˵Щʲô

Լ֣⿪ϵ·ҲԣҪʲôֱһ·䡣

ԭأ׹ϵİ߰ߵ㣬ǻĺۼ֪µҲ֪ܲôŪɵġ

⡭

ߵǰҵӣһЦôˣҲңǿӣ졣𣿵㶪ңһߣһн𣿡

ұʱʵĲˡ

Ǹ׳գֲҳϣÿֻѰӰӣҲȻ

ѵҲú𣿡Һ㣡ΪʲôҪ㲻ǲҪ˭˵һˣ˵ʲôǸ׵Сֶ𣿡

Ҳ֪Լνͣ͵ʱΡʲôɣһ뿪ʵ

ԭأʧЦת·ϣȥ

յġĹڵϣһٴ뿵ʵٴط꣬ôʵָҶǻǾ仰Һ㡯ѷĵ̽ҵؿڣϢ˵ҡ






5

ʥôˣұ˴ӵϱɻ㱡

û£ƿhǰ˼ͷֿʼۡ

˵û£ôһˣˣĿŰhҪˣҲ˿ӡ

˵ҹˣǡ

Ҵס˰hҪ˵ĻҪ׷ʣ𣬾˵һ޵꣬ɱˡҸǿңɱ

˵ʲôǡ

˵ң˭𣬶˵ҸɵġûУݵֿ

ҲףʲôˣΪʲôҪ˻

׵ˣҵĵܵܡǿеʹȴּᶨ

ʲϲϣҶĸ硣ҿеˣ㣬ʹ֪ҵȥʹٶĿԣʧ㣬ĲԡûԼȥ˵ĲңңҲӦá

ˣģһһС

ұh뿪

ҽȥҽȥڰhһع·ϣ˵ĳҲͣ½Ų

ʲôˣٴ֣hǳ

˿ңŵæڵءʥ򰲡

ɣڳʲô

һǰʥϣС̫࣬Ҫ

ңҿС̫࣬ͷ岻סķͷ̧

С̧̫ͷˣһӿʥϣ㲻ʶūСѽ

СӣСӡ

Сѿڵֱͷūţūž֪ʥϲūš

ԭôûб䣬ôޡ

ȥ¡뿪ҽڵϵСӷҺ£

ūʥϣʥź򡣡

Ҫߵ

ǣūмҪͳȥˣսūѾûˡԿʥūšСһѱһ˵Ҳϣֹڵϡ

ˣ㲻Ҫ£¡ȱչҵˡ

Сϲ⣬æǰҷס

hСһعһ뿪

СſںţԼһڴϣһ·һֱǿؿڴ궯û˺ҲŸҷԼֿʼð麹ϣ죬СС

һҹŻָҪϳһҹΪǴ£ͬ졣

ϣۣڸ߸ߵϡ¹ٹ١
ƽ
л¡꣬꣬ꡣ

Сվǰɤӣʥּ˵Ĺڰ۹ͣ߳ʥּ

ǰʥϣ֪ҹ壬δã

һֱἰ飬ɸڳϣ治ɫڵ֪кߣ

ΪʮΣգΪҳɽ˱س

ԱҲ壬һͬɱˣ½ɽ

ʥϣ

Ԥıһһ죬Ҳסˣŭˣ

ٹͳͳڴ֮ϣɱ˺ҹ塣

˼

СһǵĿңһϳͱٹٱŴնҹ塣

쳣ٹٸͷ˭Ҳּ

þãҲƽɱһ̫סҹ֮ĶԹôһͿġ

ٹٸԵı飬˽

Ҫ£ͷҹΪг裬ס󹬡ҪĲֻΪǰӵϡڰ˵ĳͷɱʹ

ʥϡ

հ䣬ضԡò˶ã޾šһ죬޻ȡֺαؼһʱ

岻ٶ˵

ʥӢڰ˵

죬

ӳûϢһⳳĳ˽Ҳ񣬴˵Ϊʲôɱ

ҵƽľĿҲ˽ɱ˭

װˣƭңΪģֻԼ˽Ȼûʵס󹬡ºˣڿճɾˡ

ʣ㲻Ժ˵˽֪ġ

裿˳µĴ˵ʲô衣Ϲ𣿡

žһңҵ־ڰգţԼȻԼĵܵܡ

ҴңΪҴңѽѽðҲؽΣû˷ˡ

ҿԼ֣ٿſʺ׵۵Բ𣬸磬ղļˣû°ɡ뿴ϵˣֱʴܡ

ʣ뿪׷hѾſڣ

ʲôҲΪ˺ҹ顣

hЦŰ§ڻУ֪£ȷʵЩССʧҿɲΪŶ

Ҫʲô

ѽhҵ¡

ң

֪ѹҲ֪ۡ㡣˵ãɱжĿˣܲˡ

˭Ҫޣ

˵֪ĻΪ۸أ

εЦˣȻhôͼķʽЦˡѽ̫ˣĸۡҵڰhϣ֪˯ˡ






6

ʱԼѾ˴ϣҹѾˡ
ҸһСӱ˽ʥϣ׹ӷԸˣԵ㶫ūŸոΪ׼Щš

ʱߵģ

һĹأ׹ǲԴڹڵġ

ҵ˵ͷӹСΪ׼ĳԵġ˵Ƕˡ

ʥϣҪδҹ

δ

ʥϳǴ󱦣󹬻ûɣֻһЩŮЩʥϻδأһλ̡

̣ 

ʥˣطģԭǰӣҹ塣

ôˣѾҹΪҵг衣

Ѿ𣿡

£ʱϢûͨ׹ס󡣡

ʥϣôˣЩͷۣ֪ҹôҡ

û¡Ҳȥ޾ڴ˴Ϣˡ

ֵ˴ϡ

Сʶ˳ȥ

ҹ磬Ұ»ڣͨգѰ˼Ҳ˻ʶƵ

ţҾС˵ڵ㲻СȫҲɵߣӦʳǡ

Ҳûӣ֪еľޱԼʹ벻ʣǿġɼţ֮ᣬȻһ죬ֻһ죬֪Ҫȶá

Сȫӿվңɫһӱˣʲôһ㡣Ҳվſڡ󲽿ſڡ

أ

ߣСȫӲңһתߡ

ôĵӣʥҲ¹򣡡СûмôūţʥϵӶҲ

ˣСȫӵԸҵǶ˽⣬ӿһǧһãȻҶЩԹޡ

Ҷһ˽ݡ

ҹȻڷ˽Ӧ

ʲôҹ۾ʱ뿪

ȫûпҸط 㣬סﻹϰ߰ɣ

ҹ弥ϰߣѽ

̧ۿ֪Щֲûסĵط仰˵ֻǸԻصԭеλáֻû˱ӦҵһС

סڣ˵ʲô뿪

ǵҸ˵ĵǲʵԼûʲô췴жָұڻʹ֮ڣů˭ʹҲԶڲյУΪ˵⡣

ҴӦ誣ؽɽׯ ӵнһУҸ˶٣ҿԲƽϣΪҲڡ

Щô˵ҿźҹ壬ǧˮҲ֪θ˵Ҳ֪˵¼֡

Σѵڵ㻹ҵĸʣ磬ѾĶ֡½֪ұ󹬡˳Цⲻǰ͡

빬 ȷʵǱƲ㣬ҳϡһϣȷʵЩ֣㲻֪Ѿ

ѾʲôҲſ㵽Ǹʲôˡĺܺڣǰᰮ쵰֪н죬Ӧʵġҹƺ˭һ

ƫƫЩʲô˼ңóˣĿһѵңʹԸɣʧȥҩԵʹ࣬Ҫܡ

ԣҺˣںڵòˡҹޱȼᶨĿңҲ˼֣ǿ

ǰŭץסҹڣ˫ɫ۾ƾʲôڡ˵㣬ҡʲôȨֻΪǻ϶𣿡

ſңҹ

ŭʤ㻹ҸҺΪ㣬Ⱥ֮䣬Ϊ㣬ҸʼΪ㣬Ҿܰh⡣Ϊ㣬ҷԺޡ㵽׻ҪΣͻȻãԼǸ׳գеĸˡΪʲôһ

ҿźҹǿ񣬲ЦſҸ㣡ʹûаҲ뿪һ˵ˣôΪ˾ĥ㣬㡭ţôھԼǸʲôݣ廹ҵһȤΪԼʲôҷһ˵Ҳ֪ԼôˣôԺڣ˵ڡҹ壬Ҿ㣬ˣСУԼϴɾˣÿã

žһҶҿźҹ壬һʱҲˡҿЦôˣ书ģǰhңҩʱңѾ֮ϡһƻѽ

Ҷݺݵźҹ壬񶾵ҹ壬ˡ۰СֶӣҵҪͺúõĸ޴ڹдšҪߣɱһ׼ˣ˵ʲô

~~~~

~ЦţȴΪʲôҪ˴вôãͷҪޡ

ת뿪СӼңϽ뿪ûжãҵͷֿʼѣǽǣסĿԡ

Ժֺ︡ҹǳ޵˫ۡ

еĺ⣬ҷ뿪õ𣿼ʹãͬ

ʥϣôˣ

һѾȳѪ

ѪСӴ󾪵ūȥҽ

վסû£ס²κߵˣһϰ㣡

СŵĹڵأūһֲֻᡣ

ˣɣ

Сǰһع

δ빬ţͿhӰæƿҵСӣװµ˽ȥhңæ²豭ߡ

ôˣhû¾ܣ֪û£ϰߵʵ

أҿǰh

£ʲô£

ôͲˡֻܰҡ

˵ɣ

ĳ¡

£ҪҴС֣ٵʱģɡһߵı飬ΪҲֻһڵã֡

㲻ǲԸ볯Ϊ𣿡

ҷһǳʺҵĹְʵһֱ빬㡣

빬ҿһСӣȻԭ룿

ҵ˼󣬰hһ˭˵Ҫ̫ˡҪĽ

԰h书ְλ޷ǴСá˵ԷԣĹףһ֮֮ϵλáһ棬ѵ˵ģ

ɲУ˽ñʵ

Ȼκһôһһں󹬡

У˭֪һɶûУ˵УڣҲ벻ҵۣ˵Ҳ̫ʳˡ

˵ʲô޻Ҽ˹ַںƵġԣ˵ʲôĿң㣿

hһץסҵ֣ߣ˵һġԣѾˡҲġ

ҵ϶㺮䣬Űh۾ЩΣѲΪʲôһҪ

ڹ°ɣ

ƽĿڣͬʱյ֡ҲЭֻǲ֪ξܾʱ䳤ˣhףҵװκˡ






7

ʥϣմ

ҷۣ룡

˽ҿڵհ䣬Ҫ¡

һࡣ

䣬뽲

λһ֣ͬôʱ¹ҷԣδϡʥ֮ҡλȱ΢ǵģʥѡҳ١

˵ͷͷǵҲ֪λؾǿҲǰ취ѵĻΪ˺ȢŮӽ

ӦĸĻزסˡһ

£ȷǼ¡֪հʵѡ

ΪԺĪѧʿ֮ŮĪǧǵѡŮӲòڣǶŶա

ϵбȻĪǧǺôټӦòͨŮӣлһҪһᡣ

£޼ˡհ䣬ûʲô飬Ȼذɡ޻һҪ
ǳȸˡ

ߺ˺þãСӡ
ڣ
ȥ
!

Сȥ˺þãԴСʥϣ
𣿡ҵҲǣСҶǰҲ̫˰ɡ
ˣһˣ˱

ϸ߹ҺƣҺһԵС,ڿڰϲ£ôƸ߹ң

СӵͷЩӵĿҡ

лֱ˵㵽֪Щʲô

ʥϣ治ūŽӣ˵үԷ¥ͤ費ϣɫͣ

üſʵ֡СӼұɫæס졣ҴţԺڵľ֬۵ζƺźžˣлдŻŮӡ
ֱ֣Ǻ֡ŭ

С˵һţǰһУҳԾѣҲɵˡ𣿸Ժʲôֱ𣬵Ūû̵ġ

һҡҡλǰָʵģôûйأǣ˭ǽģ֪֪

ҵ̰εͽϣѣŵĹڵϡ

ĹۺúÿʥڴΣΡСӿ˵

ˣЩ˶Ѻ

ǣ

ǿʼԺץˣҶСһˣԺȥԽԺԽ޵ķȥȻҵһˡ

ʱңڵҡϣһȺΧ룬ŮŮУ˵˵ĺ֣ǿʵ

˹ȥ˽ӽһȺ˶߿˹Ψɱϡ

СӲ֪ʲôʱ˹ںһʥϼݵ

ʥϣһȺæڵϣ̧ͷ

Ƕȥ£Ҫ˵

˸Ͻ뿪СҲ˵ȥ

ǰʲң˸ҡлҪ˵Զ𣿡

Ҫ𣿡

εЦû˼㻹𣿡

ʥϵµԴ𣿡

ҪԴͲ֪˶ٻˡ

ڵһһҪɱңɱˡ㣬һ㶼ں

ֻڸ㿪ЦôҪʣ֪ǸĲԣ㲻ô˵ѽ

ߣ˵ľ䲻ԡܵûʲôλˡһֱҲҹ谭𣿳ңͲڸˣ𣿡

ҴûôΪ˵Ҹ鲻ôȥˣҲҸԶزȥԶҵܵܣǵѪԶܸϵġҪġ

Ҫ˵ĿԶҲ֪ʲôֻĬĬ˵Ҫ֡

ҽ§ڻοĺ󱳡ѽǸӣô᲻ںءҪõĶ

ֽһرסģͷҵļϣίĺӡ

磬𣿡ʿĵ֣ߡ

£ˡ

ˣʺĿңʲôˣ

ԺĪѧʿ֮ŮĪǧ롣

Īǧ룬ʲô

ܻһգվǰ治ߣϵЦҲһɨա

ҲȢޣ

һҪȢغҳ

ֲ㣬ʲôϵ

һѼҵȻҪΪǡ

ߣΪʲô㣿ŶףΪ˸ҽͣΪҴ㴫ڽӴҲĹߣ

ôǹأ֪ˣⱲӶԼĺӡ㲻һ˽⣬ŮӼҾǳáţǵĺҲһǳ㡣Ҳλѵ𣿡

ãƾʲôˣѵͿӲŮ˸ңǶҺ𣿡

ϲˣһҲ֪ԭҲԼϲˣ˭ôû𣡡

ʿңȴһֶû˵

ʣ粻㣬ϲκŮӣӲС

Ϊʲô㲻ϲһ𣿡

ϲǺҹ壬ΪˡΪͺҹ塣û壬һͨһȢӡҲڴ檳ȺƫƫԼϲǸִִֵļһ

ڵȣͷһۣ˵ǰȵ̫ˣʣµ¿ɲɵͷͷģ

ˣҪǰߵߵһԣ㣬ҡҵĹȥĸŮԸҡ

ʣû˸Ĺȥ֪ˣ񶼲ˡÿ֪Ѫȵһ棬˿ʵĹȥ֪ࡣҲҽеɱΨһΪġ

ʿңûϵĳԾЦãҴӦ㣬ܶԷ˭Ǹ˹֣ҶȢ

û뵽ôʹӦˣеĴʯˡ

ȱˣӦһ¡

ʲô

һû뵽ģҲΪЩʲôֻҪǵãӦңſһȥįıӰл֮ȥ˵ϲˣ˭Ϊʲôң˺Ǹ벻ףѾʶǸС






8

ҳ̤˿ʱתͷС˵ȲҪعˣȻȥɡ

תЩһֱæ飬Ҳûʱȥۡǵһμ棬Ҽʱ򡣴ҴһҲûж˵ʲô

нͽĻ鹬ŵһɵȻ㣬ȫȻһڣվһǰǷԣ˶ص飬Ÿŷԣĺ

ı˫ۣ˫ַ棬Ȼǰ

عͷˣǸӡҺȻ΢ЦҲͬһ

þò

ǵģ㳤ˣǷԣˡûκʧ

˵ЦˡѡһϲԶԶ뿪뿪ʹ

飬Ρ

εҡҡͷΪʲôô϶ʹĳҲ޹ء˵Ǵʹľ˿еԸͨˡ

ΪʲôҪºҹ壿

Ϊʲô£ѵҲ˵ˣɱ𣿡֪˻ҹ塣ֻ˶

ҹһ죬ԶܰĳƵۡһ㣬û˱Լ 

ףҲ֪벻ˣˡ

ϧҡͷΪһɱ˽

ЦΪһעҪ¶Į𣿡ۣ̫ˣˣ񡣡

㸸ʵһЩ˵

ģ岻ңҲҵĸʡҵֻԼ

ûпǣԣδ

Цһ㣬Բõģʽĺӣҷԣδĵ

ʣⲻУĺûʸΪԣĵ

ҿˣΪʲôԣʲôûʸ

ԡ

Ϊʲôҷʵ

ͲѼҵôԽλӡ

˵ʲôҵܵܡЩȣǷŭ

ûƭ㣬һܣ֪˳һкڿףΪʲôֻӣΪʲôɵǿʡΪ֪ʸͲĵܵܡ

ⲻܣô飬㣬һ塣̼ǵøʽڵӤҵʱǼᶨ

ûбҪƭ㣬Ҳ÷ԣδ㿪Цǡ

ǣôܣ

Ҳţ˵ҵĵܵܣǡ˵ûһѪԵô꣬һֱҵĵܵܣԲǲѼҵˣҵܵܡҲҪĺʲôӣҲš

ʦһŮǵıתˣԭءôô

ŮӼң΢΢һЦȻòһ

ӡ

СǰŮӶׯ磬ȫȻǸ¬¥߶룬ʴȵС

ôһֲõԤëȻԲɺϡ

Сߣλߡһۣʲôԡ

ʵĲңһж㰲ŵģǲǣҼǺ˳Ĭʵ˵е뷨

ɱ񣬼޻ҡͶ·Ծ
ǧټƣʹҴ۶λúҹҡ
ˣҵԲ㣬Ҫ˺ҡ

ô˵Ǻ㣬ңûˡҵ˰ΪѾˣڻǡٵ˻֪˭˵дʣϵֿʼʹҿЦ𾴵ĳߣҲҪ˵ıӻ

Ŀˣм˵ҲϡЩһжǿҵģΪʲôΪʲô˶ҵȴҪҵҲеżǲӡתһжѾȻǹȥıǿʵѹ͸Ϊʲô

ʧĳϣŲЩȣûôܹʹᣬ뿪ҲʱغˣĳһˣûˣûаˣǵĿɱ֮Ϊʲôƫƫң

ӡ

תͷС˹վǰ£

㻹ʲô顣

ҪʦʦһУΪãҲΪ˷ԣİգЩΪ֪նѵһĺûʵۡҲΪʲôʦִţƵۡ

Ƶۣûʹޣڿ𣿡ҳ̾һˣ㣬ģأ

ʥϰģﲢ֪顣Ҫ۵ĽӰˣ˶Ҫһĥұ뱣ܡʱʦ֪ңһһ˳ǲ䰲ȫõʱߵһССѾߣָϹݼ˽;·ϡ

ƽСûС˵꣬Ѿת뿪ôңͷ

Ըã˵˲ƶĶⶼɺϣ֮Ի¬¥գҲǱڻҵķʽһҹҼѪģҺƳк뿪

һеһУעɺϡ

ΪʲôҪȥ¬ΪʲôҪǸطûлȥǲҸͲ棬Ҳнĵλ






10

صһ˰šпɪĶŷࡣĿѹ֣ܡ

Ūڹ֮Уϣܿκһˡ

ˣȻ뷽跨λҾҪΪ˸ۡ˫սеĺⶼȭͷ֮ϣʱ׼

Ҳ˷ԣ顣˸飬Ҫ˽̸ȴƲ͡

ҹҲų֣վڿߡһۣסҲ뿪ҲֻһֱӶˡ

ʺȵĺһ޸ͣһԣšݵмƵգţǰ˲ҵĵܵܡô꣬ǻôꡣһαһο˵һλߡԵһУ·һӻˡôףôҪǸʵУԸΡѵľôںǲҵ׵ܵܡ

ұſʣȵĺ˯ˣ˯ҵĻǰҿ棬ǿ

Ҷ췢ģԶ֪ԶҵĵܵܣʳϣҲϡ

ҹһصʹģѾڵȺ߽һͥԺ﷢ͻȻҲûв

ˣͻȻڣү



¶ˡ֪ʵĹȥұ뿪֪֮ͳͳڡ



ƺǺܸˣʲô𣿡

룬£ǲҪˡ

棬Ҫ£˿ס𣿲ллΪһС㲻ܸһڹУŻҪƹܡһӭʱҽʹƷϣƸȻͥԺ

˵ǸͥԺһֱ뿪֪ڵȴȴȥϧûУҲô

Ҷƣ˶ȥź򡣼¶ǣѾ⣬̫£˵ľҲ½ˡ

һ˺Ⱦƣʲôң

һͷɷİhʱĺĽоǵģȴء

æûнУ

ûУ˱㣬Ҷ֪ڹиʲôˣ˵æhȻǰҵľƱʣµľƺȾ

Ҽŭ޹پƣôˣ޵ľ

⹬ȱľǾƣѵʱͽԼǰʱ򣬾ֲ뱭ûмôϧԼˡ

ûҵġ

¶ǺѾԺ־壬ҳƵһκʧ̬ڰhϣﲻͣ˵ţ˵ôΪʲôõһУΪʲôԼͿˡ

ŲţҲϲʵۡ

ңסʱȻ࣬ҲùµһеܵܣΣ

õ˻λȴʧȥࡣʵЩ顭ƭƭҲãǡ

hߺòãҲⲻҪġҡ



ͷģҲ֪Լ˵ЩʲôֻǻŰhҪһ˿ůһ㣬Ǳʩġ

ˣԺ۾ǰˣɵЦ

Ҳָָؿڣʵֻʹĺʹ

屻˱ģůůġһߣԶߣ㣬ˡңҡ

ԺĵͷѾȫػڣһѰůͰʡ

ʥϣʥϡ

С˹

ģôææģʲô飿hվʵ

ӣ

ôˣҼæʵƾҲȥ˼֡

Сȫ˵Ӳ˺üˡ

Ǵθ峳֮Ѿһûȥ̫ˡ

Ϊʲôҽ

ûķԸ˭룿

һȺ۵ūšСӴҵ̫ҽԺҽȥ

hͻȻסСӣתͷ˵ôԼ鷳ġ֪ˡߵ鷳𣿲㣬СҲǡ

Ҿصϣh˵ûдЩҹ壬ôçײҡͷЩʹͷЭСӣȥѼҽ뵽ĪҪŵˡ

СӴæȥҲվ˭֪ԼǶˣ·ҡҡλεġû߼ֵصh

ЩεĴѿȥ

hǰ̾ܲȥ𣿡

εЦˣôܲȥôܲںʣġһϰߡҵͷٶ࿴hһۣȥɡ

뿪ֱͤϴ࣬ѾԸȥģΪʲôﻹһ

ҹڴϣߵСȫһ߿ţһ߲ϵΪͷϵʪ

߽ӹСȫϵʪСȫæ˵һߣڴ߸ҹ廻ҹ̣ʪͲáתͷԸСȫӣ

Сȫվһԣ

ŭȥþƣ𣿡

Сȫӹڵϣ޵ûоˣ

ô᣿

ūŸԴס;˰ۣûͣôʲôƣ

ˣͷԸҹʳסиǻӵĴһ˲뿪ûʲôΪʲôǻΪʲô޽

ū˵Ӳã

ҿźҹͮͮΪܣѾ嵽һѹˡҹҵʲôҪôĥԼڱ

ҵ޹ڣϵƿ

СȫѸ˳ȥ

尲ڴϣҲƽĿþûˣôֲԾķӣ첻ˡҪǶˡ

ҿЦʵ֪ѾûҡȴǳƭԼϣһ죬ԻصҵߡҲ뿪ҳҹ㣬ֻΪ˿ʱִסֲʹ

˶˵ִ֣֮ϡĿԣԸôǣţĺǡһ˳۽ǻ䣬ȻǵڶΣȻԽԽ࡭

壬ҪòáԸңĲʹ

СӵҸϽϵɣҽҲҽߵλ˳ֱҽûд󰭣ҵĲŰ˸Ͻȥҩ

һСȫҲһ׾ƽȫ˳·⿪ϲãԽ¡

֪Ầߣ˶š
ԼһĲֱ¶Ƚ

ʲô̧ͷҹ֪ʲôʱˡ廹Ҳɳơ

ϲĿµ˫ָֻۣյ䡣ҽַŵĶͷϣеա

ҹͷȥһԵ·סӣһ˫ɫ۾Ŀҡ

֪ʲôЩʧ䡣

㲡ˣֻǸ

ҹ岻мЦʵģҲҪȥ

ҽϣǲϲ㣬Լ

ҹӹʪתֶڵϣҿȴûƽ㲡ˣˣٸƢòá

ˣԶòˡңɱء

ε̾˿ֵĶҶӵСôء

ɱ㣬Ǻ÷Ҳû㣬ȻôޣȥǾҪԼıˡ㲻뱨ôţôɱޣôΪ㡭Ϊ׼ȥ˱ѵô˽ᣬʲôѪ𶼷

룬ҲҺ׼һУһ죬ֻ

ã޵šһеĶȡϣ㣬뿪ʹɽκεطҽ˵ҪúϢúò޾ˡ

㣬ôСңƶҲɱ㣡

ûôΪֻڵ㣬ûʵ

ҽҹǺã뿪СӸ֪鲻ã˵ֻĬĬҡ

壬ҲɱҵĻᣬϣû˿׵ҵԼ

ҪúõĻţҪ㣬Ϊɱңúûš






11

ұøæµһһʱ䣬ڸʿҲݣֻܹҪ֮ʿΪáǶһͬ㣬죬ءǲ飬ֻڵ

ҵİ֧£ڸɢۣԣ˼롣ҹ㿪·ʩʥ

ҵǻûнҲûгݹ顣ÿȥΪҶѡ

ҵĸ蹦̵£дʯȻҵǻãȴܵ񰮴һУһУ˶Сվߵĸ̨ϣŮ٣棬ԷĹڵϣҽһĲΰݡ

ʱһ죬Խڵɫұ죬쳣ϲá˵Ҵ飬ΪĿе񣬲ǸáⲻһֱεЦĲãǰ

ˣΪҪں㾴İʲô飬ʲôߡ

ֻ---

hڹе֣ͤ⼸һΨһȤҹҵǳȥֻÿζҽţֻ͵͵Ŀۣ֪û¾ͺá

¼֪Ϊʲôһͳֵķ͢һѵ飬治֪ôʵۣ̯Ӹҡ

ôˣڷʲôhḧƽҶͷ塣ҳ̾üҲòɣࡣ

ûʲôǺȾơҾٱ

hȴҵıӰϡ

͵ɣȵò١ֲչԼ㣬һҲ˷ġ

ӣӲǰ˻ȥ֪ôҹһίЦԼʧ⡣õģٹ죬ʵĺӾͻˣͲôˡ

ԽԽڴʵĺӳԼҪһҲζţҿЪϢˣԷˡ

ĪһӤźӹɵӣҸ˵غϲ£죬ҳƵΨһĵ顣Ҹ֡ϣӿ֡

ʳпңӻ˵ʱ򣬽гڵĲĸҲǸǲ

ʲῴӣҲĪֱӶҡʹԺˣֻܽͣҪʹڹһ졣ʹеˣ

ֺٿޣǡЦ͸СʱһɰǿƺǺϲֿޡСǵǵңϣҿүСԶ㡣

յңӸչЩ˾ѾͲס⵹ҵ֮С

۲ú飬ҴҵʲôһеؿЩŵˣλϲɫϺټı飬ȴҼΡ

ʥϣӦ֪΢˵Ŀġ

۲˵ô֪޲̷飬ʲô鶼ĶĿ

Ȼʥô˵΢ֱˡԷ⿵ʵĺΪ̫ӣⲻǰѽɽ͸һ𣿡

ˣ˵˭޴Ϊ޵ˡҿˣЦ۹ܺԼ飬Ҫ¹ʡ˵ˣֻһߡ˵Ȩ¡޵ļ£Ҷ˶٣ƳһˣҪĹʡ

ʥִˣǾͲҪ΢ܹʱ򣬲ԣҲᷴԵġ

ߵȥıӰɱ

ˣʵұɱ㣬ҵģҲò֡

h

ʲôˣұأhҲƽʱֵı顣

Ҫɱһˡ

һˣ˭

ˣҲҪյ̫

ɱۣhȵĿңɱۿҪðΣա

ô㲻ңҼЦ

ǣֻǵġ

㲻õģһкһеҿŰhִļϣεˣֻ԰ҡ

꽻ӣڰĵžƣʱѾҳһ˰ɡ˵زұ⣬ô˵жҡʵͻᱻҲ鷢

ԣþûеˡ̼ǵǴ˵ʱҶ⣬ĽĿ

ǰָᲦŪ±һ㸡ǰ

~ҶˣͻȻײ˹ȥhʪ͸ĵ⡣ҽϽϣhôˣ

h΢΢۾ң߹΢ЦĺˣǸѾҲˡ

ˣüı顣书ʧҾðա

û£ްhȻô˵ɫǺѿҽصҩ˳h¡

ҽhҵϣΪ˲ñ˷֣жʣԼҲȥ

ѽĻ̧ͷСЩӣúõڹϢҲȥ

h§ţı۾ҩԺǿһĹ򣬰h˯˹ȥ

h˯£СӾšŴ򿪣ֻСŵĲ԰ףʥϣʥϣˡۣ۳ˡ

һǵʵˣʲô¡ߣȥ

˽ͽҴЩˣ档˵ʬѾڸ̨ϣšվһԵСӦýг޵Ĳͣ۾ͨĿˡϾͻˣΪһλۡ

ݼˣһ˽ֻ۲ſ߽ͨվ濴ĴǽϹŵ񣬲һЦҴֱۣܣҷԣĤݵ

ҵĴЦһֱ˶ʤ죬ҲʲôӦУԸһ˳е

ЩνˣӽԺҷԣҪԼ˫ֻֽԼһҵϸĵǻṲͬһٲʢʱҲҪЩаħ



պڴҪ⳿Ϊһ۵飬ÿһ۵ļӷʽҪɵ׿ϣҲͬ⣬λӱؽҪȱ

֮δ֣ΪʱᡣȵĿΪʽ

ǡһγڴϵĳ뿪ڣȴס

ҲǹʽͻȻȥ޷Ҫࡣ㣬к

СŮҡĵͷ

¾£ҳ˲űҲССֶ鲻˳

ЩѲ󳼣һصԼĹУʱİhѾ

ҸϽߣеʵõ𣿡

ǹ͢ҩĺ档hգЦ

ϸ˿h˵û£ŷġЩҩҲòˣͱɡ

룬һ֮־Ǵ󷽣ҾͲʵҲûʲôã㻹չң

ҿŰhЦˣǿΪҵˣҲ㡣

ĺأhװһίĿңظҵ顣

ˣװˣôˣ벻ȥ

hϲ⣬ȥˣˡ

Ǻ԰ʱĻ˵ķҷhƸպãǳҪƣûԼҲ˲١

⣬hС

īɫˣЦ⿰ơ
ǧ֮ңأܶ˼

ţüͷhĺܺãֻСôϤ

ţҲҡͷԼģhһϲ֮ˣ֣кβɣֻû뵽֪ĸࡣ

òᣬҴȥһģûһͬϣһšh˫룬ɵЦ

ѹҿ

Ͳh§ҲţҶߵһᰮҵģԲԣ

ι˯hûƣôҲƲ

ûҰٰ֮£˹СӰɣôûлȥ

ϲһסˣôҹôѹϵİhôôɣײˡҸhıһǰٿĪ硣

ʥϺѽôҹ˵ľȴֵĺõط

ҡ㡭

ūžͲţʥϵˡҹ˵꣬תߡ

塭̾˿źҹȥ

ʥϣôˣҹһ뿪ҾͿСӡ

û£ͰȥСӸϽҽhŲ

嶼ӲˡźҹʧķҪ׷ȥָʲôأ뵽ЩɷˡΪҲ֪ô˵ѵѾǷˣ˵hĴƿ͸һŮӣҶһмܵס˰ɡ

ҸСһͬѰḩڣ۵ϴСӸϽҵ˱ˮ

ʥϲ𣿡

û£һԸȥ״׼Ѿָͷۡ

ūżˡ





12


ϣ֣ҽڴϣų͢ٺ»ÿ겦޵̰ӣΪʲô飬ǣ飬޶á

ʧְ

ʧְÿΪ޷ǵʱǾͻ˵ʧְǣǿжεİ취޲Ҫ˵ЩܵĻվطٸְ졣ǲ㳹£Ҫ͢ӵںδ

ּ

գȥϣ͵껣һͬǰЩ;κʧڣȰסڡطڡ

ʥϣװɣǹĵطôЩסء

ôɣ޾úܺãֲڸطûбģܷ㰲ЩʧˣѵĪиõİõأĪ޻˵վһԲٿڡ

ǾͰ˵Ǽ˼ճ



ҿǿǾ¾ͰƳ

ٹٻ˼ۣ˭ҲҶ˵ʲô

ܿľͱסˡ˵Ϊ˸мʶƵ޵ĽĤݡ

ò˶ãԣʲô飬ߡֻзԣ

ҹյ֮ԼȣһƫƧķ䡣ŽȥѾȺʱƺװˣ æӭӡ

ʲôϲĨǣֱӽ⡣

СŮ֪ʥһֱǼ¹ڻʥǰ

ΪǼ£ߣδ̫Сˡ

ˣʥΪδѹأ

ҿһ۳мЦ⻰˵޲ûʲô

ʥϣֺαСŮǰ˵ء˶óʥϲм顣ֻϣʥϳ֣ŭĲǷԣİգǱѽ

󵨣ǿжޣ㵱ŵĻ޾촦

æŵĹڵأСŮ˵Ϊ¿ǡ֡

ߣ˵ȷʵϳΣ

󾪣򲻿ɡ

޲ڴˣҲ޷ֹ޷ۣľġ

˦ȥû߼ͷͻѣǰʳ￪ʼ0ؿһҡ޲㣬ò˶õʱ䣬ԣҲûʲô顣ֻޣ

ҽӵʲôۣʲô飬ǺŪ˵İϷֻ޴˲ŻС㲻뵱һ𣿹Ҫεˡ·˿һ㣬аЦţӲǽ뻳С

ҪŵĺˣҪѣȴҸӷҪ

ɫ˿±ҳС

ͷģܵ۾һǿԺҪȴԼڴϣֵĺɫǺۣһʶҲʼĻָ

ʲôתͷߺ޵ĿڽĳŮˡ˶֪۱Ҫһ֮ҡȻ󡭡

Ҵ·ϡδhѾһȺˣ

hɵɵţ֪鲻ԣ˼ˣһ˽

ôˣhʵȴһ仰˵

hתͷһȻĬ˳ҿٶ˵Ҳ֪ʲô

ô죿hңʵǶ⣬˭֪һ۵ѡô˽

ٵڰеĵλüˡվŰhҲڿŮˣûɱ֮⣬ʹҺޣ̾˿ԣɡ

·壬Ҷһ˻λƵĳ˷䣬ص˻ʹʲôҲ徲һ£ֻһС

ʥϣ

۾һСӣͷʵôˣ

ʥϣһҹδ飬Сӵˡ״˸ǽһͳȥˡ

Ŷ֪ˡ״£죬𣬾˵ǰްȥˡ

ū֪ô˵졣ĵͷ

ſϣ۾Ϣ˭֪ôһ˯ʱҹѾˡ

һֱ𣿡վһԵСû˵ֻǵͷɵϣһ

ʥָ˭

ҿЦþûмˣȥɡ

Сڵŵƣ廹û˯𣿿ŴǰӰҾȻɵɵЦˡ

ʥϣҪȥ𣿡

ˡЦҵ۾Ϳʼᡣ

壬֪ҺòģҾԽԽңҲԽԽԶ

ҿֲ֧סˣأ






13

ˣҾټٹٵһۡվߵļ̨ϣǧİգҿڵ޵񣬷ԣаաӽٲȥ顣ӻǣֹѵ٣ⲻ˻ǲָʾֻҪǵ˫ֺͲиŬܴԼδ

ԣĵӦǡұľȥΪ츣
޲ģֻǣ޵񣡡

ǧİգϷĹҵǰҿ˵С

꣡꣡

صҽ׼õģİ̯

еϳ޽ѧʿԺԺλʶ֮ʿطѧãˣ֮š

Ӣͷһôͬҵָʾ

ϳ£ڿԸһ䡣

ҹһֵΣеңһֻұһŽĵطâۼˣҸͿ壬ǰĶʲô

ƻٻ飬֪ұʹȴɲĿǹԴ

һ֮˸Ҷ޵

Υ棬ʥ飬ѵܵͷ𣿡

ߣͷѵܵĲҾͲںΪһʲôµġ

ã㣬ԸȥԣаյƽԸ⣿



ôˡ

ߣҲ¡ãҴӦ㣬ӽԺҪԼŬıԼˣҲҪЩħӸ档

ã˵Ļסֻһ㽫

岻սʹȥ

ұѣѾͷ󺹡Σ

ʱһСһ˽ץҵı죬˴ЦŰСһﱧڻ֣ܽˡ

󲮣󲮡

ЦСһԴ֪СһʱԳٹЩӣҲ˰ɡСֺܴ˶ϵģҲţԽҵλá

ұ˴ſڣʺСӡ

ʣʲôġ

һȻָС֣һﳳҪ㣬Ҿʹˡ˵ţŵС֡ۡһ

СæӹС֣ȥ

ôô˵ŵˡ

ʲں˵޾Ϳ£Ӷޣ

εҡҡͷˣʵҲǸӣչС֣Ͳܡ

Ժ

㣬Ҫӵ㡣

бۿһۡҲ֣С־ϲңʾͱرʵһèӡҾͲǣϲҵĻұš

֣Ҫʲôòãұڸ߸ߵļɽϣ΢ˡ

󲮡Ϊʲôֻһأ

ֲ𣿡

ǣд󲮣иĸ󡭡һ˹塣

壿֣ܵʲôطˡ

ûУ󲮲֪ǱиԺԺڿɫĻ԰ĻҪƯժһ֧͸󲮣ͻȻһ壬ժ

ϻ֣𣿴󲮴ȥòá

ããáСֿĵ֡

ұС֣ڶǵĴϣ֣ҲܷСָһҲǼʲôʣʲôϲܿˡæСӣһѶں档

֣㿴ʲô

󲮣㿴ǡ

Сֵߣҿ·ֵһȺСؤʲô

󲮣ҪҪǣ

ҺʵҪôء

֣ˣЩָǺòã

ЦˣѽȥЩԽǡ

СЩӣҡǻ᲻᲻ӭң󲮣һȥ~

ҪǵѽҪ¡ֻҪϴˣҲԴġ

Сǰ˿˹Сӣ˹ȥ

үСһȥ᲻᲻ȫСӵĵ˵

û£ϲһǸԶҲѣǲļį

һСЦ˻󲮣ҿɲԸһ棿

Ȼԡ

Ŷ̫ˣ

СֿĵЦţҷ·Ҳصͯꡭ

Сӣ˴һ£ЩӣǷˡ

ǣ

СһĻСҲˡû֣𣿡

󲮣ǽҶʯӣҶҮ

Сˡûع

󲮣»ػֳ𣿡

Цһ£ҪСֹԲԿ

ˣ



һ죬Ҳۣڻع·ϣ˯ˡСӵЩӶ޸ĸˡһ˷ÿΪ

Сӣ˵޽ЩӽӵУΣ

ʥϵ˼

󹬿ҲǿգЩӡҲԸСҼ顣޻ר˺úǡ

ʥʴȣūȥ졣





14

ҳٲʢػļʡ֪ʥкζԲߡ

ߣ޻̫ˡ³˵öԣޱֽ޽Ž佫λΣϣǿԵǲػĽҳ

ǣһʹ

ʵһͳµľģҪλ

ʥϣˡ

ĵͷǿò˶ãԻӱҲвǰͶ

³󣬻ص޹СӸ˵ܹ

ʲôôˣڹﲻ֪ôççײײ𣿡

ū̫ˣʥϣ״˻ˡ

h˺üˡ

أ

鷿

ȥ

һ鷿ͿhЦҵûô飬ܵȥˡ¡ôȥôá

ӣηСϱ

ں˵û˱

ۣ̫ˣȻˡhЦ

˭ˡһûиУ㡣

ˣҴˣҸhһָ߾٣ĵ 

ôεӣһδˡôòŻ޺һΣ

¹֮á

С׼˾硣

ϣЩ̰ҶЩڰhϣhֵĽ¥ڻͲңЩӶЩʲô

ԺĿҡҡͷʣ飬֪Զվߡ㡣

ѽhһ˻Ρ֪Ů˵𣿡

û£֪ԲΪһŮˡ



סh죬ҡͷҪָкιϵ

㻹顣

ԣҾ飬ĿԶʲô飬ҿһ㡣ҡҡλε뿪ˡ

ôˣϵĴ֣εЦЦ

Ҵ˽ȥһûײľϡһ£˼֡ǰhţô˷Լء

ʥϣû°ɣҶ㿪СӵĲһվ

š

Ժߣֱҹķ䡣

ʥϣ˯ˡǻذɡ

۾˰죬ſǺҹߵСȫӡɵЦһ£ȻַϣСӡ꣬޻Сġ

ƿСȫӣһ˽ȥźҹĴߡȻ˯ˣһԣִӡȻҸı۾

૵ûߴҾ֪Ҿߵһ죬Ҳ㣬һữ磬ߡ

壬˵飬ҾǸĻ쵰ǡ㣬ôͷŲء
ңôǶѡ
ֻ֪һֻһǲҪټˡԸûʶңûʶҡ

Щͷ۵ΧһУҲһ㶣ʲôʱģҲǸhȾƵô

ҾŵתͷҹѾվһԡεĿڣˡ

ʥҹεë𣿡

Ҳ֪ô֪ô˯һҹϵѪҺͨжܡСӡ⺰һ뿪

Сȫӣ׼ˡ

ţ˯ôá˵ʲôСӸСȫ׼ţҲɵЦô˵ҹҪҳ緹ˡ

ô˵޻ЩˣЦЦȴϺҹǧ겻ô£hһˣҲһˡ

ܿСǾ͹ʳƷȻҹû̫Ļٷ֪ΪʲôԵ˰ġ

뿪Сһ˵ʥϣƺرġ

𣿹ôܲأڿԸôƽһҲò˶ãͿԡ뵽Щҵôܲء

ʥϣͳ

̣ߣȥ

μʥϣһ鷿̾ӭ˹

öкôżޡ

ʥϣõϢҵ˽ԣ硣

һʲô¡˻Ǽӡ

һ⣬׷ʵʥϾһ㲻𣿡

ʲôĵģǸǵһһˣҪҪ˦ʲôС

̸һ뿪h˽

ˡ

˵ô£޻ûء˵˵ʵȤڻаhڡ

ô˵ҿڸģ㻹ûhڳһεıһԡ

˭˵޾˼ء

ƺرãʲôˣ

Ҳûʲôˣ֪𣿸ղż޽ǱҹҪ̫⡣Цתͷȴhһءôˣ

ûûʲô֪ʲôˣ

hһţȫȻһӣҼЦʲôˣֻһ֧ã·ѣȴʲô¡ôȤ

û¾ͺá

hûһ뿪

ҵЦҲʧ١СӣûĽİ״е㲻һ

״ˣûѽʥϣôˣ

û¡ȥްһУü̺úõĲһ£Ա¼Դ˴ν˵ݲϱ

ūȥ

һ£һҪܡУԲǵİ״֪

ǣ

Ҷ鷿ڣʲôҲû鰸϶˼̲ҳϢҵĸоûдhȻ⡣һ˵Ŀɬͷ

Ϊʲô㣿ҲϵԼʣѵεˣҲᱳ

췱ӿ԰h԰һ

ΣűŰhЦhѽ˵û㣬һ˹жû˼ѽ~ 

hǸЦعȡƫƫҹҾرÿڲ֪ҵҪѽ˵벻ҵġ

ѽЩ벻ˡ

ôˣ˵Ұģ֪ҵҪҲ

ŰhЦݣҵҲʼݣhٿǣ˵һ仰뿪ôãһֱλɷӦޣԶ뿪ˡӦöһ֡ǸһᣬҲԼһ

˹ʥϣ̫ӣѾܡ

ҿŰh˲ıɫŵľٱҲˡhǲǺȶˡ

Ŷе㡣

ںδҼʼ̵

Ѿ̲Ρ

ܺãһüȥh

̫ӣʥôããh̲סʵ

ҲôȳԵͷ˵Ҳ֪һͳһ£ĳǸܺõĻᣬ̫ӣ˵úòڹдţʲôҲãҿԺúõظסҲͣĺȾƣֱϡоƮȻĵط

۾˫͸һҲûСΧԭԼѾɻԼڡ
h㲻ҪʧҪʧˡ





15

̲δ쳣ΪиǳҪķˣԼǿ˾䡣ҹѾ̫ա֮ͣݶɢ˴ҩ̲ѲǷ׷׵ĵ¡˳ûǱ̲ΣŪе̫ӣʱҲҩšͷĺˣȡϵĽҩ̫ӷ¡̫ܿӱ˹ˣη

ѽ˽һУܱߵͳͳˡһɱ⡣̫ˣ˸͵ֵס

ں˵ڻ£ͷĴ̫뿪ӵһطܿͱһ¡

Ϊߵ𣿡ҵҹһ߳Ⱥűˡ

ô

ڵӦ޹ڣ޲ף޵İ״ôƽĿڡ

ԭ㶼Ѿ֪ˡhЦŽҿڲ

ŰhҲЦˡ֪ûá󽫾֮ӣh޺ÿѽ

ҴûҪ㡣

Ҫޣֻû˵ޣûʹǺͿһμڻʹ͸뵽㲻һҿŰhһ£ƽʱܰһ׷ҹһ£죬ҹīɱİѡһսҲıѣ֪ܲݣ֮Կ԰һ٣Ҳͨġ

ǵġ

ҵͷˣԸٴμ棬һһʡ

ɫǱ޵Ϊʲô

hЦһ£ڣôˣΪ֪Ϊʲôߡѵ㿴Ҷ㡭

޲Ϳûн죬һҲţб޵һ졣ΪʲôҪվڶ棬ҺͿˣҲ֪㡣֪޷ζʲô

޸ѡ޵ûзеĵָ̫ƽ塣

ڵŰhĴ𰸣ֻҪ˵ԸҲҲշԼֻҪ˵һ䡣

ҲΪĽ죬ҲôοΪңҲ󣬾㣬߰ɣһ

ˣҾþõĲſڣ  ǣ

书޷Ʒh̫书ƽƽҰνȺƽȥйұûҩʽ

۵ҵĽ˵أѪҵָһεεڵϡhΪһƽ壬еңȴû뵽ҡ

ҿ˿ڣǺʹĿŰhĿԷ뿪ˡ

Ϊʲô㿪hŵĿңڳûһ˱˽ҵĹҪǰͱô

ݣҵ߱˵ס

һѣһӰͻȻ֣ң֧֣ҲסΡ񡣡ԴĿڡ

hҿ뿪ƽŰh뿪

Ҫ׷ˣĺȥ·ڡһûҲĿԡ

Ҫ˵ˣȥұűͻ˹С

ص޹ҷŵϡСӿϴѪŵֱޡͦ侲ģϽҩ䣬Ҵ˿ڡ

ֹסѪһǵĿҡ

ôޣû¡ץסֵ񣬴Ҹƣҵhǰȫ뿪ԣ

֮أ㻹Ҫǡ

һңһˡ˭Ƿ˭ģӽԺٲˣֺαСε̾˿۾

õģʲôҾʲô

ллҪҪԶҲҪ̤ԣԶ

ȿȿȡ

ʥϣūŸҽɡС۾޵úףˣһֱܣҲԽԽˡ

޿ҽ鲻٣ǰﲻޡ޵壬֪ȿȡ

ʥϡСֿʼˡ

ˣ⼸޾ˡõģû¡ȿȡ

ſˣ˽ߡ

Ƕ𣿡

ңͷ

ллְһΣȿȡ

˵ˡѾɸ봫Ѧҽò˶ãͻˡ

ЦЦĿڵˣʹ㲻ٹЩӣҲޣȿȣ޸һûɵĽסȥı۾

ڴ˯ô죬Ҳùһ㣬ҪҳȥߡСΪϣ˵£ڿ뿪˯Ŷܵ

ʥϣȵǰͤϢһ¡

ûоܾһ£СӾͷԸ׼㡣

һ˹ǰ˵ʥϣѦ

֣ϲ⣬Ͻߴٵ죬

ܿڽĴ£ѦҽǵǰѦҽͬһ߽ˣıϲı飬ҵ֮УƽĿһУ΢΢һЦ

СӣȴѦҽȥϢ;һˡһ㵽

Сӿһʧ̬ȻѦһȥ

ͤʣ£ƺܾȡ

ΪʲôңѦߵǸǲ졣

ЦЦֻкſ˺õò˵ԲȻǸ˾Ǻ죬ֻǴӽҪɡ

ΪʲôѾ

Ҵû˵Ѿˡ

ô£

ҿ˿˵

꣬ˣȺҽ޲ߡҲţ˵ˣź뿪ҼҵѦͻоȡ

誶˴һֱԵĺ죬˾ȡ



һҪ취Ⱥ졣ץѦ·ץסһݣþòš
ѦϸΪ鿴˿ڡΪ;棬˿Ѿ񻯡鿴˰죬Ѧҡҡͷ

ܣҽҲţȲѦǰ

һһ--ɽ顣

調һۣҲһ˹ɽ飬Ϊ˾ңѾҷˡ½еһţѾڡѵҩɾ

Ѧҽ㣬ɽ飬ûķ𣿡

˽飬Ҳˣ̫أ·ϵôãϢޣϵѾǸ漣

ҿź쿪ڵҴӦµġʲôҪȡһذףѪϵӿ˳

ҽ˿ڷںߣѪǲԾȻҲǰ档

ǺοأʱˣҲ·һ

ûѦιѪ졣

誽ҳӣƵһߣʵȻΪΪʲôҪ˺ȻమΪʲôҪܾ

㲻

Ҳҿź쳤㣬˶óֻװͿǲΪʲôЩġҲںΪʲôҪݱôҲôٳʲô£ûа취콻

ѵҪҿ뿪𣿡ҳ誺

課˵֪죬κˡ

誣µҲ㣬ҸԶܵġҲ룬úõĸһ𣬿ûʸΪѡһ··ҳѾעҸⱲֵܡ֪Ҹֵܣʲôʸȥҡ

ֵܣ˵ʲô𣿺ûʲôֵܡ

ȥҵɽ

ȥġ誳Ծʵ

ǵġһùã֪

˵ʲôѵǣ

ҵ˽⡣ûǰ̫ӣ󡣡

誾ȵĿңô᣿һֱѰٵˣȻ㡣Ǻ죿

֪Ҳ˺ֻϣβе顣

վԭأòŻָƽȻ̫ӣȺ͸

˵ʲôû꣬ұ㱻誳ִڵءԺʱԼڶ˵úչˣϣؽɽׯûؽɽׯԸӦңҪúˡ

ʱѾ˺ü졣

ˣ

ҿѦվҵߡôأôˣ

ڻá

ϲû𣿡

Ҳô˵ֻ˵ûΣա

ȥ죬ͷʵأôûп

Ѧͷ

ôˣѵ



վ誵ķǰҲ֪˵ʲôΪ˾Ⱥ죬ԼȥֿΪʲô˺

Ѧҽ컹û𣿡

ǵġ

һΪʲô𣿡

ѦңһڵҲ֪Ѫǳ󣬵úȫѪǲġ

ңҪʲô

ҪһѪҩǸḶ́ڷû˻㡣

ҲںһЦһ㣬ƳѪҩһ󡣡

˵

ϣңһС

ã

ҿԶĺ죬ĵ˵ͷ

Ϊ˷ֹ׷ĴţѦŻԵ죬һµҲһסĶӵѦʱѪҩ

ҽԼѪι˺졣

Ϊλѡ겻˵ĺ죬ҵ쳣ѹ

ٹ죬Ϳ

Ը˵

Ҫ뿪ˣ

ǵģһҪ

ѦЦſ˿ң˵£ٴĺɣҲáҪǵòô£Ϊ컹ҪٴѪ

𣿺õģҴӦ㣬Ϊ˺죬Ҳȥ








16

˵ʲôɫѿˣȴЦˣҪʹ㲻ҲޣʹޣҲ

⵽ʲôҽȻûѪҽˡսеĽҾԲôġ

ȺΣû˿Ը档ҽеĽ£㡣

ҰȵڿϣС׼õѬ㣬վһԣѦָҵϣȻ󽫽еȡҵѨ֮С

ãסˡ˵ѦҽΣ

ѦһֿңʥϣоΣ

õˡ

ǰҽ̫ˣ

Ѧվ˵Ƕȳȥлʥϵ

ʶʲôսҵ֡Ը¡

ˣûˣ˵ɣ

Ͳ⼸е飬𣿡

ǺǣʲôѦҽ

ǰҸҩˡҪ鲻ءѵˣ˵ҩ𺦼𣿡

û£Զˡ޵סôˣ

ܺá

ҵͷ˿лл㡣ȡߵذס

˰ɣڵ̫ˡѦǰֹҵΪ

ûʲô޿Ҫ˭޵ĲΣԽȥԽĻҲ˵ѦһƿҾ𵶹Ͻֱۻơ

ĲںˣҲ˿䣬ѦڹжաϢ˼ұȥ鷿ûϳİ϶ۡ

ʥϣĲպõ㣬Щ۸ٿɡСӹĿңҩϣѦԸ׼ҩ

֪ˡ̧ͷһۣпһӰǰſڡ

ɣ޶ˡ

ֻһƯſڣ￴˿Ȼ˳һߵǰȿȣҿɲǹ⡭͵ģ·

޿û˵͵ޡ

޻˵ɤӡңᡣ

Цһ£ʵޣ£

ҲûʲôҶ˵Ĵ

Сӣȥɡ

ǣСֵĿһۣȻ뿪

һûУӷҵߣһƨҵԱߡ˵Уǻʵ˻ôࡣԸնǸûʵۡ

ЦЦŶôΪأ

㴩ͦõģҲͦʺġ

ҳճյĿ죬ÿ飬Ҹʱһ

ʲôôң

ôһʣջ񡣡˼һˡϰʲôҪ͸˵

ģҲŲء㣬һȥɽׯҲһһĻ԰ҿǺǮġ

֪һ

ʱȥ

һڴӦ֪һҲ졣

˵ʵ۵ĺ󹬼ǧôһҲûС̫ҪǼɫƽƽСŮҲ̫ˡ

Ժеġ

ҪץˣҺ档ǰɵɵЦ

ϲˣ֪Լûʸٹվֲк档

ûУܿͻˡҽһҪоòµһ׸㲻֪꣬˻û˵ҵĽ㣬ܿСˣϾҪ˾ˡ

궼ѾΪ˸á

ˡҳ⺰һ䣬СӱҵǰСӣǶ

ūţ

СӽǶԼֵǵҵǰ

ɣ⣬޾͸㣬ϲϲ񡣡

쿴ﲻͣޣʥϾʥϣ־Ǵ󷽡ΪʲôڸңȢޣ㲻ȥ𣿡

ҡҡͷҲǸʱ޻æ˲㡣¡ϣԺһ

ҿߵ죬ܺò˹ѹǵŸġҲֻһ͡

죬㶼ҪֵĻš֪

ôˣΪʲôôѹ쿴ңֲĸҵ

һ㶣ԭԼȻźᣬº֣ٿҲ˲ˮеû£ˡ°ɣ

պһ㣬ұϳҹ۷ȥ

һۣǳã⡣֪гŵģǺҲȻŻڡ޴볯Ϊ٣ΪطЧ

Ҳд⣬˲Ż磬־ͨĵǸѵһš

ѵĪѧʿһ뷨Ǿ죬գѴ˽ҪԼˡ

ȥֻаټѻڵڡ

ҲʵôҪ˵

£Ĳǵô𣿡

˵ţӦʶ𣿡ֵ

ټѽǰѵˣڳŸۡ

ټôѣҲԼȷʵ˵ˡȫӡ

¿ɻǵãڴ⣬ڵǶԳӣ

ϸϸȷʵôһ£һְټš

Ǹ¼ңɾǽĪѧʿٵĳš

̼ǵõʱһҸı飬ԭǸ˾ǳš˼ϧûпһû׼ҲǸ˲أ

ټԶЦ

ˬµڹūһѾҵ롣

ʥϵĻ

תͷһӻ߳ӣҵԡ

ôҲϣû㲻ġҶëʣƷ衣

ʲôȲһˣ

𣿲֪Ǻˣ

ʥϣ

һ£Ȼ󿪿ڴЦѽţԭҲǰķ֮ˣ

СûУ

ˣΪ˵Щķ޿ˣǳáҳܶ༸˲ţ绢ˡ



޲ῴˡ޴볯Ϊ٣Ը⣿

Ϲǰֵл¡



úã޹ȻûпˡŸϱĿųţرˣ޾Ҫ

ң

ȣҪּиλҡںþûˣŴ˴λᣬúһ¸λ

ҹ쳣ƽڸ߸ߵϣ滶ֵľɫǰϲ֡ȴĽǿô֡

ҳǽųΪڣٰʢ硣Ϊе̫ˡÿҶԼ鷿УԼʧ̬ԶܶҴźҹ壬Ѧ˺¶ѵõЦݣԼĳִŵ˿

е˶ȥˣҶ԰УѦķӦȥ

ʥϣԸҺһ

ûоܾ

Щ죬ûмѦҽǲǸ˵Щʲô

ѦЦЦڵʲôʥϣһҹҵңûпķ

ƭ

ѽ˵һɽ飬ĲͻȬ

ҲµˡΪң񶨻ȥѰ

Ҳһϣ뿪ɡ

㵹˽ңǵġ㲻ôҲ취뿪˳һܻᰮϣȷʵƽ̾˿壬˵ܺã

վʹ뿪ˡ֮ǰΪ˵仰Ȼǲܻصǰɣ

ҿѦַŭճȭǿȹ죬ҲȹҡһھͰϳȥû˿£ϡ

Ѧ뿪һԭء

ʥϣҹˣȥϢɣСһԹĵʵë̺ҵϡѦˣһⴵ硣ĻҶ߲ϵ𡣷ɡأ˭ҡ

ˮĴ֪Ǵ̫õķ磬ˡ

̫ˣţĺáʥҳͶϣЩˡʥĺҿĵĲˡ

ţ˵͸ʲô

ҪģʥĿ𣿡

ôһ׷οһӡ˵ɡ

Ӧ𣿡ſʵ

Ȼ㲻ʧһһ㣬ʥǰ˸̫ľϲ˵ֻҪ㿪ڣһ㡣

ʲô٣Ҳȱֻʥһˡ

ˣʲôˣһֲõԤУĵ׻

ҹ壡

󵨣֪ԼҪˣҴǰ4

֪

֪㻹ҸҪˡ

һжˣȻ˵ˣͲʥγ

ˣѳŴΣ޵ķ䡣

ʥϣҪȥҼҴҵĸϵ󹬣еŭеǡ߶СӣҲûм⸱顣

ҿСȫǰ밲ûҾһƴ˹ȥ˵أ

СȫӳԾĿңһš

ôҵҲ˳ˡ

̧ͷҹһӣſڡӣǱ飬Ǹն񶾵ĸʡ

ǰŭô⸱鿴ҡҹ壬Ҹ㣬ûǷʲôӵеһжҸġ޿ԸҲջء

źҹһǰɫҪȴһƽֽײϡ






17

պһ㣬ұϳҹ۷ȥ

һۣǳã⡣֪гŵģǺҲȻŻڡ޴볯Ϊ٣ΪطЧ

Ҳд⣬˲Ż磬־ͨĵǸѵһš

ѵĪѧʿһ뷨Ǿ죬գѴ˽ҪԼˡ

ȥֻаټѻڵڡ

ҲʵôҪ˵

£Ĳǵô𣿡

˵ţӦʶ𣿡ֵ

ټѽǰѵˣڳŸۡ

ټôѣҲԼȷʵ˵ˡȫӡ

¿ɻǵãڴ⣬ڵǶԳӣ

ϸϸȷʵôһ£һְټš

Ǹ¼ңɾǽĪѧʿٵĳš

̼ǵõʱһҸı飬ԭǸ˾ǳš˼ϧûпһû׼ҲǸ˲أ

ټԶЦ

ˬµڹūһѾҵ롣

ʥϵĻ

תͷһӻ߳ӣҵԡ

ôҲϣû㲻ġҶëʣƷ衣

ʲôȲһˣ

𣿲֪Ǻˣ

ʥϣ

һ£Ȼ󿪿ڴЦѽţԭҲǰķ֮ˣ

СûУ

ˣΪ˵Щķ޿ˣǳáҳܶ༸˲ţ绢ˡ



޲ῴˡ޴볯Ϊ٣Ը⣿

Ϲǰֵл¡



úã޹ȻûпˡŸϱĿųţرˣ޾Ҫ

ң

ȣҪּиλҡںþûˣŴ˴λᣬúһ¸λ

ҹ쳣ƽڸ߸ߵϣ滶ֵľɫǰϲ֡ȴĽǿô֡

ҳǽųΪڣٰʢ硣Ϊе̫ˡÿҶԼ鷿УԼʧ̬ԶܶҴźҹ壬Ѧ˺¶ѵõЦݣԼĳִŵ˿

е˶ȥˣҶ԰УѦķӦȥ

ʥϣԸҺһ

ûоܾ

Щ죬ûмѦҽǲǸ˵Щʲô

ѦЦЦڵʲôʥϣһҹҵңûпķ

ƭ

ѽ˵һɽ飬ĲͻȬ

ҲµˡΪң񶨻ȥѰ

Ҳһϣ뿪ɡ

㵹˽ңǵġ㲻ôҲ취뿪˳һܻᰮϣȷʵƽ̾˿壬˵ܺã

վʹ뿪ˡ֮ǰΪ˵仰Ȼǲܻصǰɣ

ҿѦַŭճȭǿȹ죬ҲȹҡһھͰϳȥû˿£ϡ

Ѧ뿪һԭء

ʥϣҹˣȥϢɣСһԹĵʵë̺ҵϡѦˣһⴵ硣ĻҶ߲ϵ𡣷ɡأ˭ҡ

ˮĴ֪Ǵ̫õķ磬ˡ

̫ˣţĺáʥҳͶϣЩˡʥĺҿĵĲˡ

ţ˵͸ʲô

ҪģʥĿ𣿡

ôһ׷οһӡ˵ɡ

Ӧ𣿡ſʵ

Ȼ㲻ʧһһ㣬ʥǰ˸̫ľϲ˵ֻҪ㿪ڣһ㡣

ʲô٣Ҳȱֻʥһˡ

ˣʲôˣһֲõԤУĵ׻

ҹ壡

󵨣֪ԼҪˣҴǰ4

֪

֪㻹ҸҪˡ

һжˣȻ˵ˣͲʥγ

ˣѳŴΣ޵ķ䡣

ʥϣҪȥҼҴҵĸϵ󹬣еŭеǡ߶СӣҲûм⸱顣

ҿСȫǰ밲ûҾһƴ˹ȥ˵أ

СȫӳԾĿңһš

ôҵҲ˳ˡ

̧ͷҹһӣſڡӣǱ飬Ǹն񶾵ĸʡ

ǰŭô⸱鿴ҡҹ壬Ҹ㣬ûǷʲôӵеһжҸġ޿ԸҲջء

źҹһǰɫҪȴһƽֽײϡ






18

ӣӣʥϣײӰɣ

ҳ

ҹ壬ԽԽˡôԴ޾Ͳ㣬ǲǼįĲѽ֮ǰѾĹˡ

ʲôݹңҰ˭͸˭Ҳκˣ

ͻȻǰ˲úҹķʲôݣãھ͸㣡

ʲôҷſſ

ʹýַſ㣿ҿźҹдѪذסҪɱңһץסҹ֣ذԼĿڣɱѽͱ׼һȥҾҲɱѽ

ҹĿңذؿڴȥȴӵ㡣˵֣ɱ㡣ɱԼܿ˰ɣ

ҹ彫ذָԼĲӣɱ㣬ԲҵĸʣҵֳԽˡ

źҹ˾һӻˣʲôҲ˲ãһסذסĵѪӿ˳ҹŵĶذףżҡ

ˣˡҹ壬ô𣿼ʹҲҪôĥ𣿡ҶȥذףӾͶڵϣҲվҵʲôң

㲻Ҫ硣Ϊ裬ҾͻǺ׼һУͿһʹ𣿡

ŻķʽңҴЦЦпƲסĿԡҷվΪſԾȵ𣿡

ţұҹקôˣ

źҹŵı飬ҲЦˣҲָźҹģʹɣ

㣿Ҿ㣬ʲô£ҲŹ㣬ҲŹ㣡

Źң᲻ԼʹôŬ汻һݣǰʲôҲǣ塣

ҹɿ֣˵ڵϣϵ·һӱˡҷǽվűҶվĺҹ壬ɬ˳Ҳ֪ʱұôҲ֪ʱͷң᲻᲻ʣµ·

壬£𣿡ţ룬Ѿ֪ˡ

ҲᣬǸӰ˵壬㣬ǻûлصȥ

ڻ˵Щ˼𣿡ҹıӰڲǶôˣҲ֪һʲô

ǰıֻЩġͷĺ󱳣û㣬һڿġҺúڣڼ㡣

ҷſҹ塣ûǷݼ֣ʵͷˣôֻٸ㿪Цǰ㣬ôס㡣ڿҲûʲô˼

תͷܳĹڵϡ

ӮˡָоĲãĥңɹˡ

һȿȿȡ

ʥϣѪ

ԼȳѪɵЦ۾ɨϵɼ˺ۣޣôԼŪǱ

ٿСӣڰ߿޸ͣ

Сӣܷ޻ȥˣ

ϳҵٹٵ棬նŵϢ

ʥϣҩ˰ɣ

һ޹Ĵűǿ߿ҺԾĿźҹ壬Ҳ˽ҹΧм䡣˺ܿ㽫¡

ҹ屻廨Ĺǰ˱˳ȥ

ô߱Ǵġڴϣĺҹ˵

Ըһ

ġҹ壬㻹ɵΪһ˸;ֵ𣿡

˵ҶҲŹ㣡 

ɻشϣڿ޼ǵãǵúȿȿȡ

ʥϣʥϣСֿӣ͡

Сӣ졣ȿȿȡˣ޲뿴

ҹ屻˴󣬲ϼӿܡ

Сӣ𣿡

ˣʥҪʲô

ȥط𣿡


Դӵǻһֱȥȴûнȥĵط--Ÿٴ̤Ϥİһ統

ʥϣĲֺ£óһװ

ʱҲЦЦСӣȥͥԺ

ҵС԰ʲôûеͥԺҲЩʧҲǣԴߺͿˣ˭ֻء

ƿСӣɽʯϲоϵֽЩ

ʥϣȥɣ󣡡

СӣްѺҹ𣿡

ǡ

˵仰

ǣūȥ

 ֪Ϊʲôϲ𣿲ΪұȻ㡭
֪Ϊ㣬Ŵڵġ
ġ㡱


ʯͷϣﲻϵĻ֣~

ʥϣ˴ˣ

ȥɣ

ûȥҹ壬ֻǶϵǣǸһ࣬һ

ʲôҹĿڣеĻҲɢǸ÷ˣֻһ˵Ļ䣬̫ɬˡ

ҴӼɽҹǰ

ǵ𣿺ҹ壬ҴûǻߵزҽһֱϵںҹҺ֪һԵģǿһʱ򲻶ϧӵе˲ޡҹֲסķǸ˺ܲʵӦøлҲȳʡܰ㣬ҰҶģˡ

ҹɵɵĿ۾Ѿˡ㡭Ҫҡ

ԣҲӵвҵĶֲеᣬ壬ʱ̫£ΪǾǰʵҡҶƭġ˺죬ִ֪ԭҲں㣬ֻǼʣ۰ĸʣֳңʲôҲûСûɱ㣬ֻ뱨㣬չˡ֮˵ʲôûСʲôҲǡ

㣡ôԡ

Ҵ˺ҹĻ壬ǷģǷżҵˣֻңԲԭңҡ㲻Ҫֿʺ֡СֶӣһֱܺãһԼĺһҲҶԺ׼һ㲹

㵽ҪʲôΪʲôôΪʲôҪ˵Щһʲôһǵġ

壬о仰˵ĺã￪ʼʹ޳ȫ㣬ȫҲ˶֪Ϊ㣬ޣ޲ܷһ·ҲϷŹޣ޾ȫǣһ

ԭҹȻĶһЦá

Ҳٿһۣĵ뿪

ҹսе񣬡һ𣿡

ˡ

һΣѵһΣҲԸ𣿡ҵ䱻ҹ島ס˵ģþۺɢ

ã

ϣŲԶĺҹ壬벻ͨΪʲôҪôǰҲЩվֱҵʡҿһǱѹ˹Եǿһȵڴϡ

壬㣡

ôôͲ㵱ҵʱ򣬲ʮˡôˣ

ȿȡ壬ܰѵƹЩϰߣҳסҹ弴·
ҪúõĿҺңҺ֮ǵĻ쵰ҹһȭҵļιϡ
ȿȡҧأ
ôˣ
û¡壬ҰѴͷҩҹ忴һۣûϸʣֵͷһֻ֣һöʯ̨һӣݱһƬڡ
ʲô

ûѹ¡㣡ҵڣѾĺ촽ȺһͬĿǻ

ʲôصҩζҹƿң۾׼ȷĳҵķ

ҩڹ£ѦҽΪ׼ġôûи㣬ޡȿȡס죬ԼҪȳ

ҹ˼Ҵս㻹ǲרģ޵Ĵϣűġһҹҷɺã

˵ʲôĿԷ

סˣȻЦһ£ˣûʲô¡͵ˡӣƺֵ

ҳ˿·˵ʣԼϵ˿ڣóҸӣԼģΪҲ˳ªԼһһ·¡

ţΥζϤĻۡһҹͲˡ壬Ϊʲôټ˵

ҷһߣûκ顣ҹ۾һᴭҡЦϲ𣿡

ûнֻ֪ͣټȥ¶ڵģתͷҹ壬ˣҶԱĶûȤ

ҹ̷ѹҵϣʲôбĶѵ͸ɾȥԣҾǸϹôңĸԸϣʲô

ҽͷתһߣǰĺҹ壬ȥȡ·Ҳҹһе·˺飬һԡ

ʲôӲǱҹ

Ҹʲôһ֪ˡҹЦг˷ŭңҪ̽ڡ

ʹ۾ΪҷӦͿʼʹ۾촽ɺԣҧҪ˷ŵйϵĺҹ岻ϻζ壬Щѣ

֪˶ãΪԼҪʱ򣬺ҹͻȻͣ˶˫ۼͷࡣ

һξӨҵ۾۾Ÿҵĺҹ壬Цˡ

ҹͬЦҵĶߣһȤˡɱˡ

ѡǶԵġ

лʥϳȫҹʰԼ·áһۡ뿪ˡ






19


˼ɽҹǰ

ǵ𣿺ҹ壬ҴûǻߵزҽһֱϵںҹҺ֪һԵģǿһֻҲӵˡһ㣬͸˰ɡ

ҹɵɵĿ۾Ѿˡ㡭Ҫҡ

ԣҲӵвҵĶˣûɱ㣬ֻ뱨㣬չˡ֮˵ʲôûСʲôҲǡ

㣡ôԡ

Ҵ˺ҹĻо仰˵ĺã￪ʼʹ޳ȫ㣬һ

áҹսе

Ҳٿһۣĵ뿪

ʥϣѾ׼ˣ

͵󣡻뼪̣ҹ

ʹʲôطһ紵ݶŪó͢½֪ҹ崳鱻֪һʱ뱣ˡ׸ţ򣬲˽ᡣ

ȿȿȡҵĲԽԽأ˯ʱ࣬ѵʱ١

ʥϣϢһ°ɣСӲңҵȥԽԽˣܸ˵˵ľֻʣһˡ

ܶ࿴Ͷ࿴ɣ£ʹˡ

СĨᣬһԺšˣ̻ûС

ء



̴ҴҵĽûڣʵ˻𣿡΢֮ҵĲѾסˡ

ѾˣѾƽĽ˳̴ˡǡ

Ǿͺã޻һȻ书ǳȴǸԴްбƽ𣿡

ʥϵҲӣһбǶ˵İȫ˵̱꣬뿪ˡ

ʥϣҲһĺãСֿ޵

㲻˵Ҹøлţ޸ˣɡ

壬Ҹɡ

̵ǰһ죬Եη

֪޻

Цһ£ϡ

ޣϧǸ˲šءֻҪ뿪ͷ޻̡

ʥòı⣬ȰʥϻǷɡԸһҲ֡

ôԲҪ

ǣ

𣿡ҳҲʵġ

ſ˿ңȻͷȻమġ

ҿʯεһǣ˵ͷã޴ӦҪ󡣡

ų˼ᶨƺԷˣ

û뵽һôʹĴӦϲ֡ߵл

㲻޻취ɡǣҪȥ޲ʣǱҲҪ

ʥϷġ

Ϊһһˣ¾

һ߾ȫԱʥϵĶ䡣

壬֪ҡǸҲ޷ĥ֮ĳԹֻз뿪ӽԺûҡҵֻʣ䡣






20

ڴϣСĵ˽

ʥϣѾ׼ˣ

͵󣡻뼪̣ҹ

ʹʲôطһ紵ݶŪó͢½֪ҹ崳鱻֪һʱ뱣ˡ׸ţ򣬲˽ᡣ

ȿȿȡҵĲԽԽأ˯ʱ࣬ѵʱ١

ʥϣϢһ°ɣСӲңҵȥԽԽˣܸ˵˵ľֻʣһˡ

ܶ࿴Ͷ࿴ɣ£ʹˡ

СĨᣬһԺš

ˣ̻ûС

ء



̴ҴҵĽûڣʵ˻𣿡΢֮ҵĲѾסˡ

ѾˣҰнƽĽ˳̴˲ǡ

Ǿͺã޻һȻ书ǳȴǸԴްбƽ𣿡

ʥϵҲӣһбǶ˵İȫ˵̱꣬뿪ˡ

ʥϣҲһĺãСֿ޵

㲻˵޸øлţ޺ãûôΣôҡ޸ģɡ

壬Ҹɡ

̵ǰһ죬Եη

֪޻

Цһ£ϡ

ޣϧǸ˲šءֻҪ뿪ͷ޻̡򡭡

ʥòı⣬ȰʥϻǷɡԸһҲ֡

ôԲҪ

ǣ

𣿡ҳҲʵġ

ſ˿ңȻͷȻమġ

ҿʯεһǣ˵ͷã޴ӦҪ󡣡

ų˼ᶨƺԷˣ

û뵽һôʹĴӦϲ֣ߵл

㲻޻취ɡǣҪȥ޲ʣǱҲҪ

ʥϷġ

УΪһһˣ¾

һ߾ȫԱʥϵĶ䡣

壬֪ҡǸҲ޷ĥ֮ĳԹֻз뿪ӽԺûҡҵֻʣ䡣

ȿȡ

ʥϣ

ȣ˵˭𣿡

ү˵һҪūҲ

֪ˣȥϽ޵·

СӰҴ룬ȥߣѾ˽ؿ쳣İҵߡ

ҺĿʵ𣿼żޡ

~ûҷӦѾ§ڻʲǵһǰᣬʱС

ҲΪѹʣôˣ

磬Ҷ֪ˡ

ЩŵĿѵ֪ҵĲѾ

ҹ壬ˡ㻹ң㲻ҪԼһܵĵġ

һڣԭΪ顣

뵽˹ңοܶ࣬ʣû£̫ˡ

ʣȻˡһ£

ʲô£

λѻλ֡

ʳԾĿңֲ֣4ꡣȽɽ磬Ҳ̫Цˡ

ûпЦôСͳеôصĵӣȷʵЩΪѡأڣ޷ЩԣҲ뿴ֳ󡣿ҵȲˡұ뽫һжźá

磬ҪȥΪʲôֻڣ㲻һ𣿡ʻɵʵ

ȻҲԸֻ¡

޽м

뿵ʻһۣȻɲм£ɲóȻ
޽к£˽

ʥϣ󽫾ǰʥ

ΪʲôͻȻǰ

˵ΪѺǰǩԼʥô

Ǻг⣬ô󽫾ǰҺЦ

磬ǿҪСġһûʲôġʵǵĿҡ

ģǵĵطҰûôסҷԸȥɲú÷ùȥӭӡ壬󽫾ҪϢ

հ䣬Ȼ˼ҴԶĹôҲʧ˵֮ꡣͰ䣬ú׼һӭλĿˡ

ּȥ졣

ĲӾ͵ִ˶ǡ

󲮣ΪʲôҪ·˸ֺúװһʱųĹڣСԴţֱ

֣˵Ժ᳣ĳ档ҪһһڿʲôһˣԴҪֱͦվã֪𣿡

סдڣʲô£ֳһЦ

Ժ󲮲ڣҲҪ¸ҡֵС֣ȥ

Сӭ˹֪˵ʲôǸ󽫾

Ѿ𣿡

Сӵ˵ͷ

Ǿͺã֣˴˵Ļ

Сֵ֣һҲģ̧ͷͦص˽ȥԱǣ׷׹ڵϣǳݡͷһμ˼ƣŵֻ㣬ǱӲ˻ԴĿһۣŹԹԵĸҡ

ƽΣСֱСӴһáȺпһ顣ڶڽϡȻȻѹСǰʧ̬

ЦſĴ󽫾˵󽫾ǰҡⱻ˾磬֪󽫾ɷ⡣

hֻǿңһ仰˵ҲںһͬĹԱһһ£ŷӦл

ǿʼŮ׷˳ƽ̣ζȰԶ輧һ̤

˶ھ˵ֻͣаhһ˲Ϊ߿ŪҲû¡

Щʣǰϯһ磬û˸û߶ãСʵ֪󽫾к£

hһСӡСӿһۣȻ뿪

лҪ㵥˵

ˣյ˵Ҫ뿪ȴֱh£ֻ˵䡣

ҺЦ֮ʲô˵ǣüǵ˵㲻̤ԣһټ

hץסҵ˫۵֪ʱһ˵أ֪Ҳ˺ģһ̫⡣֪Ը˵ңҲᶯһ¡ֻǾȹңΪԣ˵ʲôҲڲˡұȴ뿪ٻͣͨ·޷̤ԣ벽ѵĲңԸҵĽ𣿡

бҪټ֮䣬ѡ񻹲֪ʱôhһֱ֪ǲһ·ˣΪʲôҪ

hİңҪ

֪ҵľģҿŰhϲˣף㣬ϴ󽫾ˡ

ʲôΪ˼㣬һװġΪʲôһҪΪˣΪʲôһҪ˲̡

ƿhЦԻλ룬ŬôҳΪһˡʱûй֣֮ҶһġͬһңͬһԣǸáŰhһãȻЩʧ㲻ǲһ·ˡ

hͻȻץҵָ֣ҵϣ ֣ȴûô

ôأأΪʲô֮

Ūʹˡô˵hϽɿȥ챾˲٣ˡ㲻֪𰸣

ҴˣԭһֱڶĲˣΪʲôҡ

ЦʲôϵҸʲôôҵ¡

hסҵ֣ߣߡҪκĲ

ҡ





21

ſҺͰhһͬǰʲ֪ʲôʱҲˡվǵǰŰh˵󽫾ǺȶˡҹˣҸ绹ҪϢʲô˵ɣ磬ȥ

§뿪°hһˣԶȥ

һݣҾͳԼˡ

㻹Ҫƭ𣿡

µĿſʣ˵ʲô

㲡ˣҺءΪʲôң

㶼ˣ

û㻹ҪҶãѹ㼱ֵǻ֪ԼʿңĻҲ˵

ҿſĵı飬ʣ֪֪ܻգǲסҪʲôֻϣԺúõƹܷԣһСǷĲ£뿪ˣϻֵ 

ҡͷҵĻ磬ֵۣܲ㲻ɾĶҡҲҪҲҪ

ҵɵܵܣ˶Ҳ⡣粻һֱ㡣

磬ǵԼӦҵҾҪʵŵԡҪңֵܲҪֿˣҲҪ뿪ҡҲҪ

ҲõϵΣͷ

ԭǿҴӦ飬һֱԸҲãҿҪ뿪ʱ׵ˡ

㲻Լ𣿡ſҵææȥԼλʰ˳
ϴϢҸǺã磬մӦˡҲȥҾҲҵԱߣСʱ

ˣôһʴСңҲûб䡣ˣɡ

ҵ˯ܿˣȻı۾

ϸоģʪʪġ۾ҵߵĿѾˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲôޡ

ʼϽѾˣѾˡ

ôˣ

ûûʲô

ҿԼϻµ·ϲѵſֵı飬Ұ˳ɲµԭ򣬡㶼ˣ

~һУۿֹס㵽׳˶ٿࣿЩ㶼ôġҴ㶪ңһ뿪治֪ô

˿ʵĲļ򣬰οûˣȥˡ

磬Ժʻչ㣬һúչ㣬һ˺ġ

統Ȼ֪ʻչ˸ġ

hʵڵ⣬е鶼ȫȨҲͬ⣬յǻ

10ֵǻֵ̫ۡϻʣһͬסС

ڰh뿪ԣһ죬ȥһ棬һ档

Ĳһ뿪hִš

뿪ȥˣϲ֪ٱѪծ

hԥûпڡ

hʵǲܡǸǳˣԺҺǧ򱶵ˡҪֲϡѾӦʣ֮꣬ʧĿسŵˡ

ãҲΪ㣬֮ȷ¡̸Լ顣ͷԣʮ겻ս֪˰ɡhһʵ

ҵͷ˵ˡҲĸΪʲôҵ֮ꡣ

Ҫţ㲻ˣҾͻ̻ӱԣǸСʵۣͲҵĶ֣֪ġ

ˡ

һֱͳһ뷨޷ʵ֡ԭһҵ岻ԭǰhĴ󽫾£ܼսԲܡԭͻСûƹܳ

ʮ꣬ôʮꣿͲܣ֪hڱңһȥͿһֻ˵Ϸˡ

õģҴӦ㡣ʮ֮Լ

˵ģʮꡣ

 ʮټɣ

վڳǽϣŰhıӰһʧʡ¬ѾƳľΪҵࡶ콭𡭡

еĻ䣬пֺͱ˵Ļ档

˵ģ᲻ã᲻ýһټhû壬룬һᰮ㣬Ϊ㳣ҿ֣ԼݣԼΡһҹҲˣϣܴ뿪

԰Ļֿˡû뵽ôһȥˡϣһţ԰Ĵɫ

磬Ъɡ

ҵͷһ꣬ĺÿ죬һججʱѣʱԺһĹѾ׷Բԣ۾Ҳ

󲮣󲮡ԶԶٽҡҿԶһŻɫһ㿿ҡϹЦСֻǸӣ·ˤӣҡ

Щֿʼѹߣѹûбֳ쳣Ц

󲮣֪ϲɫǸԺ˺öƯϻġִȥ

ϻɻĿſʣ԰ĻΪʲôҴûм

һ·ģǰ濪·뿵ں档طʵҵΣͻȻͣס̧ͷͷ֡Ÿ

ֻعͷûиϣߵˣ桭

ͥԺ԰ϻȿֺʢɾֵô֪ʱææȥҲʢôˣԭǿҵ۾ģˡ

ȥʱﻹһλ塣Щ־Ͳժ󲮣ֻܴһҸ˵š

塣ҵһЦ壬ԭһֱػƬ԰ԭûҶ

󲮣ôˣ

ûУǸˣǸˡ

ûаļڣҵƬϻһ㡭

ȻѾˡΪǩʮ֮ԼҲ˵Ҫ£Ѷͬһ㣬

һ㣬ŷԣԣҲԶλʥľһ

뿪һºٴλصʹվƬήϻǰþò뿪Ժ󣬽Ҳû˳šҲûڽмλꡣֻ˵ַŸͥԺĵĳ˼

תʮ֮ѵԣ¹Ա񲻶þûж

󽫾hʮǰȢһԣŮΪޣʱŮѾС˭Ҳ֪ŮӵݣֻһӺ󣬱Ϊᣬˡ

ɽׯ½ӷ٣ׯ¬羰һȹ͢Ĺʥӡ

ԣС￪ʼʢϢ˶ʼһʱ䣬ԣҰףΪ˼λӢĻʵۡ






 1

ᴵ֣һľССǰĳ˽޵ĺɻḧңϤġ콭֪˶ٱ飬ÿε˶ҡ

̤СһӾͣˡ

ˣ

ŷ飬߽ݡԴ뿪ǸطǾƬ֣û˵ĴšڲԶĵطһ˽ӣĻԡ

úܲһںҹʲôҲ˵ֻǿųҹҲ١

ſźҹ壬֪òýϢˣϢҲţھǰ̼ǵһҹͻȻһһҽǲ롣

뵽Щ꣬ҹǸ˵˼ȫȻҹǿĲϣ

ʲôҹͻȻڣ˳һ

ûûʲôȥ

ڳ׼׸Ѿˡ

ǳȥ԰ɣ

ſſڣҹѾ֪ʲôʱſڡ

ˣȥ򡭡

ʲôô鷳Ҿû뿪ˣȥ濴

ûеȳſڣҹѾ뿪ҹȵҡ

ĹӳڿջƹܵԳӭӡ

ƹģƣС˾ˡҹ˵

С˾ͺãƾ˰ɣŵĵĿڣЩҹĺȵľƣ

λ͹ȣСҲܸѽƹЦ

ôƶû𣿡ҹ岻˵

У͹ٽʱûпϵġֱ𣿡ƹָıʾ˵ĵطׯġ

ҹ岻мɨһ۱ʾΣ

ׯָΪ˻ŵˣ¡

ߣֲǻʵۼݱ£ҿׯ⡣ҹЦ

䵱ʥϣƹŵˡ

ߣٷϻϾƣҹȫȻںҪơ

ѵ֪Ǻˣ

ƹģǲҪˣȥɣæסƹĻҹˡеǺþƣȥٺҲ

ҹ忴һ۳ţڲִ

˵µǲģ

ܲԣ׸ɣׯеĵ棬Ƴի£м٣

ŵǵĳŷˣʱʱ̧ۿҹ壬ޱ飬Ҳ˵ĻǷˡ

극žźҹ弱뿪ʲôô㲻𣿡

ɵЦһ£ôˡȻȥȥס

ҹһڻȥ·ϣͻȻͣһȺסȥ·Χм䡣

ʲôˣ

ɱˡ

һȺ˹ҹ޴͵ֵסЩ˵ǿҵĹơںҹΪԼ첻еʱɱһȺ˽Ⱥ˻ˡ

һȺ˴ܺЩҲ뿪ȵȣʶ㡣Ǽ̣ôҪɱҵ𣿡

̻عͷˣĿڵܻգ

Ҫߣҹæǰסڻ𣿡ԼôʣҹҲһԭԼˡ

㲢ǶȫûиоЦһ£֪ܿĵġ

ҹ忴żϰŰɫĲáǣ

ΪӴģ

ŴҴҵĻصСһˣһżĴѰҡУҵʧǵĺҹ塣

ҹôˣ

ҹûпޣҲûЦֻƽĿڡعˣ

ſźҹ壬صõģҴӦ㡣






 2

ʹ

УҲ빬һ

ΪʲôҲ󲮣ҵǾã֪һܸ˵ġ

ס죬ҲŸ벽ߵĽֺ˳ȥ

һӰɽ˿ʵķ䣬Ҳţ·֪˭ôҲȰҡ

תſʵ˶ˣʲôҲϣĲɡ

ʲٿڡ

գԴźҹȥ˷Ÿİû˿ı䣬ɾ룬ÿնרƬϻԷǻʹĽأ̷ֻȻʵס档ǲҽȥ˵˯һҪκ˲ǰȥš

ҹ屻ִϻԷƬʢϻǰ

ʲôҹ忴˿ΧĪʵ

󲮾Ƭϻ֮СԸǽԼǻƬ԰֮Сֿ޵ϻƬϻߵһһ˵֣ԴӴ󲮵ĹǺڴ˴ĻҪȱ𴦵Ļ֡

Ǵ󲮵ڱһֱôΪ

˵Ҳܼ𣿡

ûУ󲮵˼Ѿ׼ȥ԰֮С壬ʲôԹΪģѾˡҲϣ֮ĳޡֽеŽ˺ҹ壬ʱ򣬷ֵġһֱûиø֪գӦǴġ

źҹ㱣̾˿Ծ˳˷Ÿ

壺
뿪󣬹øˡ

ÿһȥֻǼϤӰ


ƬϻʱҺܸˡ

һ㿴ǣҲһ㣬һֱеܡ

ûи˵ܡҰ

һֱ㡣ڣֻܽԶҵĵס

ʹ㣬ǿɷԻصȥ

ʱҶ˵һԣʹƭҲá



ϣʵִȥĺǵΡӦġ

ϧл죬˻ôչ㣬Ҹ



԰ϻʢĿţҹҲƲסĵʹ·ȷǰһС

ҹƬϻѰ˵ӰûУʲôҲûС

ôĵ뿪ңټ˵Ҳţ㻹ôᣬһƭң㻹Ϊһôô֣ΪʲôҪţ˭׼ôһԵ뿪

ҹڻ֮УˮѾģ˫ۡ

һֲ˶ԲԣŲңңѽ

ҹóǶ壬һֱߣңҹ壬һֻһ񡭡Լˡ˵õһˣԶమȥݡѵ㲻֪㻹ңȥ˭˭ӵأһգͬʱĩ紵ߡ

ҹڵϣŵ棬˵ɵϣҵ˭ҲҸѵ㲻֪ΪʲôһҪʵۣΪʲôһҪΪʲôֱʱգſϸң㰮ңⲻ㣬Ҫ˵ҵôãôá㲻ܾôһС

Ҹ飬һΡˣҲɢˡҹŶûмĿʡ

㣿

ǰǻƬ԰֮СԶУԶҡˣҡ
ҹ壬Сҵģû˿ԴҲ⡣

ҹᣬվһ°ĿʣһЦ˯ôãҲһϰˣҲΪĸ磬İܵϣܾҲֻĵܵܡ

סڣĻ˫ŭӵĺҹ塣

ֻ㣡һߣҲص˵ط

лл㣬ôãҸоĴڣҵ󣬲ᶪһ˵ģῴᣬĶ޶ԡ

ٴλͷһƬ԰ҹЦˣûԲԣʹƭԼҲˣ˵Ļûʵ֣һŵˡ

ҹ̤ԺӣԶ뿪ĵĻʹ


ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶ
վԴתԻ˲κθ,֧棬ȨУ