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ؼ֣ǣ  ǣϣ̫  װԵ
ͣ ԭ-һ-ܿʷ- 
Ʒ 
ϵУ װԵ 
½ȣ 
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ڴĻϣŴļ£ȴûһ˿ĻϲⱾҵĴϲ֮հΪʲôΪʲôҵûлϲֻ޾ĿƺͿ־塣Ϊʲô
ǵƵŮ¡ǽҲкܶ˸֪໹ôŮһ뵽ҵнסһЦҵĸĽᷢӣΪԼٻ󣬺еĻ֮Ů顣»֮շ֪Լݵ࣬ͦżǵϲ֮Ѱףȴǵĸš߽ң֮иԼʱĺѣʦ̫Ҹ׵Ƹ񡪡һֻһױšŸ׻ΪʸȨ÷ȢˣǸĵˣһٵҽһҪϣҪ׺úôҡô룬÷ԷѵҪŮ𣿰
ɾʦ̫޳˵𾻳ʦ̫ʱǸˣȴΪγ˼ҡʹҲж°ɡʦ̫黭ͨСͰҵŮԼƽѧ̸ңȴδйԼκһ㶫ֱ16յǰϦʦ̫أóǰµױźֻ֪ҵպ󣬾ʦ̫Բţ˳۵ˣȻҲݲңͶ·֮£˾ǣҵƵĸۡʱҲףǸǰࡪ˵£ΪڵࡣǴһʱһʱҲԽǲҪĵ˾Խٷƣ֪ˣүûпأұΪյٻǲϵģ˭֪Ȼڿĸ׵ױź̺ϣڸУ̻þһⱾңӦĸ׻ϲڱĵڱôֻһĿģ㣡ҾǸˡϧʱҲ֪ﻹ˵飬ΪҲϲŮءһ鰡Ҫ㣬ͲЦգЦɵұաɵȻȥһûмĵԼһ
ڸвŲס˰£ϾΪҴͻ飬Ҽ޸ϵĵܵܡô֪˵ģôµģҲ֪֪ı϶벻һˡҵĸסࡪơҲŮһӣΪԼ棬˾ԼǰһҲΪʲôķҲԵԭΪһüֵϧ̫ˣұҪΪԼĺ֪ۡ
һ·ϵĻֻԼΣһޱΡСóңΪԼѾϵһжѾ͸ˣΪԼϵһжκˡȴˣվһƽˣôԼҲںһںһǶ籧ҴˣҴóͷβһͿԼһҲǶԼνĸױҸĸУôһҲᷢҴˣΪүôһȴˣһûгͱԼĸһһ׵ˣôҲҸһó˰Цǣֱڲףϧ̫ˣ
̻̺أұ˻Σߵÿһϲַ·ڳЦҵɺ֪һϲַ·ܽҵĴ̴ʹ޷ҷ·֪һر˲˴ϲϡܿһжǺģѪ
ȻһƸͷˣﲻһ֪ʲôˣܹҵĸװΪѺϣҲǸ֮ſˣ߽һˣ֮ȴڳϲһ˵ȶ˳ȥѷŷҵֽץϲָ׶ݽǰȻһͷƿˣǰһʮӢ˵ֻǣֻ飬ϲãǾȣǱӺʹޣرӺʹޡң۾þıߣ棬ֻе޾ĺڰͱ䣬Ƿ·ܽɡע⵽Ҳע΢΢һЦߣ˱ƣȷмɫƾɫҾŮˣǻɣĺ󼸸ҧرأó׮£Ҳһٸ⡣㣬׮Ȼǻ״ͣڱ㲢Ǳӽʵʵظ⸮šҪǸκεķǷ֮룬ͱҲ˵ȥһҵĴ졣
վȺɢȥſڣе˶ˣϲһѾ߶û£ҲЦ£׮·Ըֺγ롣ҲãܾôలµعһӣҲδǼ¡ס϶ΪԴҲǸȥˡ
ǣתϲѵ׸ϲɵ˴ϡ
ڶһҾˣһ˶ûУҾ˴ͷ
ôԼʹ·ͷأһѾ˽ѾϴϺ󣬲ˣ֪˵ڿ죬ⲻ֪˻Ϊ˵͵ءǶҵĲ
һЦҪعӣЩ鷳ЩȵʸߵǾͻ鷳
ţһ鷳ˡ
Ѿ˰һٽʱˣһŮˣڿһ㶣漴ͻָЦݡչأҸЩ밲ģүϲ˼һҹŪ˼ҽƣ˯ʱ䣬ɲҪְ
ӣ밲ģʾģңȻҵĴ֮ҹүҹ
ԤеŮ˻ҵһ鷳ΪǶҵĵ⣬ȻһֱЦȻ֤յĲǸҲٵ鷳
ӣҺ񶼰ҸˣҲƺ磬ÿôϢعӡ
ΪҿԾССķȹҿƽһȴһ򵥵ĵԽƽԽζżٵķ籩ľҡ籩ĵȴȻֻ֪һζذԼǸţΪͿԱܿķ籩
ҵƽֻ˼ѣǸӢѾͷҴ֮ĶԻ֪ӢһѾͷңѾУǽ̥λȣָ㣬ҵİֳײ˲ү͸һӺסĵطҼ̰ᵽȥʵͲʲôԸⲻԸģһûзӦ˼ǿ׳ļҶҵĶ˳ȥҲӢǲӲŵظµĵط
һССԺӣΧŸǽССķ䣬һҵһڸסˡûв´ĻǰӦڲ񷿻ǻ﷿һĵطӦúܾˣڵóүõҲֻܵҪԺһأǲҲѷˡ
ϸԼĶʲô𻵡ԵôУūϾ
ң˵ʵԼʲôҶ֪͸ҵޣҼûжҲȥǣҳǵͷʾûʲôԵģ̾ȥԺһ
ػܣԺԭӦкܸߵĲݰɣֻΪסŪƽˣԺߵҿʲôֻ֪ǵҶӺܴǴ죬̵ҶӺҲįԺƽ˼ҰڱϣغǵϢǲҲһԹԼûа취ѡԼĳأһʲôطͺƶˡңһĸףҵ˾Ѿ涨ˣҲûѡȨˡǿѡǻѡƫƧСԺù˶һ
ܣҽҪȥȥĵطҪԼͷ˿ɰ׷ĵطһ뵽⣬Ҳ˸սʶؽԼø·Ҫǵȡһ㡣
ӵѵõƽ˳Էʱǰѷ⣬ƽʱԺֻһˣҲ徻ϸؿˣ֪ԭһıһʯŵľˮʮ峺ʱǿھ֪ȥ֮ǷˣûھÿҲϴˮˡҵԼӾˮϴǴ죬ˮʮֱ䣬ÿϴʱö߶µġ˵Ҳ֣ôĳҹˮϴ边ȻûŹðûУҵ̫ˣˡ
СԺ氲عţÿҪľֻǿ飬ԼɨԺӣԺ˵˵ĵصҲûоӹ÷ɿ졣Ҳûǽϻסӣӣʲôֵüǵأ

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Ҹ¾ޣȴͻȻ洫һƬԺžͱ˴ˡҸæ£ǻûü߳ţͱһȺ˸ſڡΪ׵ĸ˴40ģһǸöԸĽɫôңԺһȺѾͷ˵ѣȺѾͷɢҷĸȥ䵹ʲôԱؿţʲôҲ˵ʵףҪԵĿһ֣֮˵סӵûǷŹңԭΪһϷǿ˭֪ҾȻشšǣ˲ˣҪϷʵĺϷݲԸϣô죬Ψһİ취ϷݵĿܡ
ҵˣֻһУҵķ߳ѾͷŸײɵϲСˡһʱһ£ɻĶҸˣ
ûѹǸ긾Ѿһ嵽ҵǰԲ˸첲ҵϽʵʵشȥֻһȺأֱ죬ӿһ̵ζǵڶ£¡ȵߵ˰ٵذǸʱҵѾҲ̶ˡţǸһ£˸Ҵүȥ
ҵģֱ죬ǰֱðǣͷۻûˣǰһ档ʵҷôѲһܹԿôˣ
ǰǿŹ˵ϣǸ긾һҵͷҵͷҲʹҿǰˡ
һŰɫ۵װķʱһζ鿴ǰңʼֻӰֻǽôأѾǸûõˣ뵽ҵﲻһûõӣǽֻֻǣҪô
үһߴϴμգʱˮӦþǽϷһɡ
үū澴˷ѳġһѾ߰ǸײС˳ʵǵǰǸεε̡ѽһסʱ˹ȥ˶ʱҳһţȷȷ磬еУֻûжһүһҡ
үʼζӵĿ⿴ңǰһϷҲ·һúõΪҶİŵϷɣ
ȻǸ긾ת嵽ǰҵһ⣬ˣȻСүҴ㣡
ҲǾĲмӣˣҵΪԼ˴أ
ô޺شţ㾹ȻǲϷŹ𣿼ȻҲҲϷŹңֺαҪأҪҲҪ㲻
ŮĲ֪ԼʲôءүأðɣҪϷݣҵҪôϷ
үùǸײСˣܸʶɡǴķѳİѲ
ҷѳľҵˣʲô֤֤ģ
ˣ֤˴
Ѿ߱ѺӢó
ʶ𣿡
үūķǸײū澰ء
ôлҪ˵𣿡
治ôôһﶼָӵöūȥԼӣҪǸˣҪȥ߱λˣ
⻰ɫһݣô˵𣬴ʹ𣿹ǰССشһ£ܺùôϢ
֮Ůͷ˻ôӲ˵ô治Ļ֪ӲļҷӲأˣ֮ȥҴʲôʱˣʲôʱ˾ʲôʱͣ
УʲôʲôѲˣˣͲɱˡҲҾҲʵҵˣô꣬úʲôҲµһˣ
һĹҵϣĵۣҧʶȴʼԺأһƬڰңҪĿ
֪˶ãΧһƬڰҵϵǻջǵʹ˻ʹô𣿻˼ǻأ
ƤأһһǸأ֪ôң㻹Թ޻㣬Ҵûм㰡ȵңҰ

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ٴδӺڰѾˣſһŴϣҸתͷȴ۵ġѽһ
ˣ𶯣СȥҩһŮӵҸתͷķȥȴԼȫ۵˵ͷˣָֻͷҶˡ
š֨ѽһֿˣһطҵͷһҩ˵ҵǰһֻŸҨҩҵ͡
⵽ڸʲôҵûУҲȣ⵽ʲôҩأ
ҩ˰ɡҪǲҩ˺òˣүҪūǵģ
үԭһԭһû𣿵ôϸأַСӵô
ããүȻүȻҲȻô޺㶼ϷŹңҾͺ㶷һһܲܶҲôǸҲֵǮҵҪ³ôģҵҪ³ܱҺö٣
뵽⣬ˬذߵҩȥÿ࣬ǱȲĿࡣҹԹԵذҩȥū澶ʮָ˵ӡһᣬҩ࣬Ҳȫ˿棬ҩȥʮֵһҾ˯ˡ
İ£ҾſڴϣҩҩҲһһغʦ̫˵ûдǻӲݵеˮͷѿôȥ̤ȥҰղ紵ֻҪлᣬҾӲݵ֦Ҷһģ˭
һعȥҵѾõòˡ·źѾͷˮ˵Ǹսͱź·ǿ˵ˡǿȷǿϧǿ硣ǿֻǮȴר˵
Ҹ˵ʱǴ죬һת۾ѵʢˡڼѾͷҴûмˣǸָĺҩͲƷȴԴԴϵҷ˵үΪҾרŷԸκ˶ҡ̸ʱĽı飬ȴЦè׽Ϸɣè׽󲢲ųϷˣһèſ󣬿ǻû󿴵أֱ׽˻֮ػƣĥֱ󱻳¶ǡҷǸҪԵʹϷŪҲΪȤҲ˺˵һôɡ
ˮ´߶ˣŵϸؿҵסûаĶֻڿǽڵĵططӣʱ飬ǽϹһ٣һֻݺȥһСȣǸ֣־͵һʢģ濪˺ġ׵ĺɻһ˱Ƕ
ӵǰһƬ͵÷֣û÷֪˶죬ôһء
סطʮ־ףߵ߻߽÷֣ûмˡǸԶһĵطҾûȥˣˮǲã˵ҵܲˣбԭҲ֪Ҳ֪֪Σ֪أ
ЩҩͲƷͣҵϺϾȻûһ̡ÿױʱĽӣֻпơҳóҲƸͲҺϣҲ͵Ҳڵˡ
죬ҿǽϵ٣סЩҺþöûиˡˮݺĻ棬ǰ֣һ£ûһµصšϾܾöûеˣЩˣǰʦ̫ҵٵʱ˵ûм˵ټܳҵˡϧþòķء
ʱڸ룬룡֪أҾȻס˳ڣҸڣֻҵ³ء
žžһ˳һⱲ֮һȻվǰߵѾͷ粻֪ܵȥˣҸղֻ˵٣û⡣̾˿ˡ
û뵽ܵһֵĺ٣Ƕǰǵ͹ءôΪٵһΣ
ǳǳһЦүˡⲻ͸ֻǻүĶء֪үյкָأ
һԾȣҵǰеҵ°ͣôЩӲ;ȻôϴεĽѵǲ
ҰͷһŤ㿪ӣүҲһνɽ׸ģƣұ˴˱˴˶ѡϴεĽѵôүҪ֪Լ֪ˡ
Ȼӵסңһֻʼϵ´ϴȥһֻø첲һ飬Ҳûˡ⿪ҵ·һЦ⣬ҩǲأϾһ̶ûνǱǣ˪ѩҪǸˣɲú
ݽҧס촽۾ֱֱضҵɱ˵Ļˡ
ٺһЦſңͨ죬ȥ˫ֲŰϵ·ŪáСһûбô۸ԼҪǿȴѲص
ôˣñ滨꣬Ҽء˵žϵˮҺȻһ죬һ¾ҧסĴĴָҧ޲ܸҧϧһֻһסҵ죬°һᣬ͹ԹԵذĴָɿˡָϾȻЦֻСҰèء
үϴνѵζֽϵվǳ֪ҪСү֪ζ˰ɣ
ãϷԽԽÿءЩȲ뿴Ҫʲôľϲء˵Ц뿪ˡ
ԶȥӰȫǱһ̱ڵϡ̫ˣվǰʱǿҵѹȸбƵҴȻҲֻҪһϴαľһǲûôʹҲ룬ֻǣƾҵлı

빬ܷ

һ磬֪ͨң˵̫ң׼£
ϢҲЦ£̫ңҸʲôұŰôȻһҲԭΣҶǻָģôͳˣҲסǱ߿Ҳ̫ÿɡ뵽ҲЦЦãȻһлŵҪȻʱᱻҾͻúõػȥҪЩҵ˸ۣ
ڶ죬Ҽ򵥵˸٣۰׵ͽˡˮǶȰҴϲ죬¡ЩȴܾˡǸޣֺαع̬أҾͲЩӾһ̫ûжţûбȻ´øĶˡ
̫밲ҰŹظ̫£ԷȴٳٲףΣ²밲ģͷġ
ɡΪԼҪʱһˡ
վȴΪùЩ˶Щվȡ
ǲְΪʲôҪ㣿̫ϺͲ⡣
ҡҡͷ֪
̧ͷðҿ
̧ͷһԼѮ棬Ųʷհ˱ȹͷڣϣӦþ̫ɡ
ţǳòҲѹ϶źϰָءΪʲôⰧҲ֪̫бһۣڰøͽ˹˻ϵӣӣߣµĺ󹬶ǼŮ𣿡̫ŭɶ˵
ȴһԣƣĻ䣬ǻҺ޹ϸ𣬲ڿǻðɡŮ˾СŮ˹ڵǷͷء
˵ǰЩӻŪЩɾĶ̫ԽӲ
شȻҵĳĬ
㲻ҪΪ⹬ʲô֪Ҹ㣬ԺٸŪЩɲĶ˵Ĳ㣬Ҿ͵һŹ㣡̫ͣͣô飬ǲúܣ
̫ûЩ飬ףν֮λ޴ǡ̫ӲҪµ޻˵ڿˡ
žشҵ̫ˤڵϵĲ豭Ķô˵ˣȥݺݵش򣡡
ҲЦˣĸһƢԣ˵Ļ¶һ
̫ϢŭŸսҪǰ˴ǲԱһϴĹŮȰ⵽
̫ŭؿҰΣڻû˴ңȴԸҵš
Ҿô˴⣬̫ɹϣϲɹ̫;ͷĿѣȴһԵعţҾͲͦȥ
ӲǼֵͷƫ
ȥ̫ϸαظԼȥأǸϴĹŮڼȰҼΡ
лùãģһͦסҧš
ǹŮҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ɫʼ֮ǸŮվҵǰ̫ˣذɣֻǣԺÿҪŮ롷ٱ顣˵ҡ
һλƵվûüڶ˵ллǰһڣȥ
ʱѾԼķˡ
һ裬ˡ
𣿡ҸоԼ˻Ƶúܡ
ؿ¶ĺءֻǵ˶֪ҵһνĸڴһ죬ļҽ̻治ô
»Ҫлү̫¶Ļأ˼һΪͷùءҷ༥
Ҷ죬ܻܾáߵҵǰͷ˿ҡ
ģû飬ǲȥүġҶ񶾵䡣
ͿӲʲôʱ򣿡ؿȻȥ
ļ죬ҵӲùÿٱġŮ롷̫Ǳ ˻ᶨգԣҸ´͵￪ʼˡҺҴСҿ鷨еóġ
ȻɹˣĶͷҵƤɹˣȻĨҩҲǻۣŪÿֻſ˯žͿʼƤֻģо͸ƤƵġ
Ǹ٣գڳŮ롷һԶ
ûǺءһεεǱˣǺұĲգ˵ĸҲǳеһλƷԱˣΪһֱ˭֪ȻðôȸķΣܲҺ֮
ڶ˵أ˻ˣߵ긾ˣҲǲҴ裨ϴδҵľҡ
㲻Ҫøձ̫˼ҸˣȻﲻܡռʵȰ
Ҳǣ֪ðҰ֣ʸ֦ˣߣ
Ǹ긾˵ѵһشҵϣ͵ض˱ʣվ˵˭أ
ǱͻȻľٶһƬ̲Żع˵ľǲ֪߳ܣȸռ𯳲ļһǸ긾˲ػҡ
һЦȻһƾյϣžǵڶΧ˹ɵˣҲû뵽һһ֣һʱ֮侹Ȼûң긾ҲôɵɵҴ˺üƣβŻع
Ҵңܻס类Ҹ˵ΧҲعҡ
վסȵȻЦſǣôϴң㣬ٲҲǻԵ붯ңŶûУ
ǴûмôӣһʱҲǰ
УԺ˵ע㣬ҳ긾һЦ˵Ұ֣ⲻϹ𣿡
ɫ̱ˣҲ
ҪҰѽ˵Ļ߻ϣ˵мԴԵģЦſһۡ
ˣҷˣ߰ɣУԺûʲô£ñСװôЩС
յɫֱ䣬ڻǲ£վˡ
ҲЦʹ죡
˵磿ڳһֲˡ
㶼֪ˣʲô˹ؼһˣŽ
ֻèצˣˣҶ£ؿҡ
û˭쳤׸ġذ˿ڷ
ҳϷҲȷʵûھʶˡȻЦֻϣԼ㹻Ӳҿɲϣ¾ˡ
ģҵӲһ˾òߣү󣬵öעЩСҲ˵
ǺãơЦˡ
ϣżһƮļƬҶҺȻףԭѾˡҶʼرˣȥˣֻǲ֪κʱȥ

֮ҹϣ

ｫչҪȥ̫ͻһҹġ죬ڲľүҵ
ûƵģֻ˵ͷ￴顣
һԸ˸׼·ģϾڻǾ̫ˣҵԹԵ˵
ǰѲԼ׼ҵû뿪飬ͷ˵
ҲãҲʡ£ֻҵø㣬ϣеٹ٣׹ݶϯģԣ׼Щõʱҵ
ЦˣүҶүԴȥֺαشᶪүأ
ҪϵĹֻܴȥΪһȥܻ˵
ŭ뿪ıӰЦˣǰүٲңһǻԵҲưոݡ뿴Ҳûлյ㣬ҾͲЩ鷳ЩɥȴΪϵյ㣬ʹҵõһŻ
ڶ˸˲ϣҴ飬Ķˮˡʱ䣬Ȼоʦ̫ıҲûٿ˵ɫȻССݵҪȻ˵˲ϣ˵زУźʱҲˡԶֲüƣȻ廨ڷ۰׵Ǽһ䵭滨ǲע⿴濴ϸһһ滨ĻῪƵġϵȴֻںڴۺĵ
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ƽյȻԲãǽǸӣļҾ춼Լıˣôʾء
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ױһҲЩ㱣еͷ鷢ΣϺõİҶӣٽſϺõ鴮ĵӷ棬һգγһ͵ĹΣԽسĵͷںڣѩ͸ŷۺ죬·𴵵һ㣻ںڵҶüڰ׷ۣСɵıӣ̺촽ˮձذڶȻһеκױݶܵȴ鶯ʣԽӳҵڲͬ
ˮȥһ·ϵ˿ҵ鶼ѹסľޣûгſڣܼѾˣҲ㣬㣬үѾȵòͷˡſڣһ۾ͿѵſڣĲͷԱվεգһңҲмַʵֻ̧ͷһʱҲмֵľȡ
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ס㲻е˶ϵٺ۵ĻؿһۣԹԵ˽Ρ
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˵ǸǸԭйеģֻǱһ˸ŪûˣǸ˵Ҳȱˡһ󸾿ʼҴ
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Ȼǲ鲻Ըֻ˵ǣѵǣμģ
ˣҺò׾۵һ𣬱˵˿ϷˣϷĿȫǰġ̫һˣʱ˵ĿⶼתϷ̨ϡ
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ҿʼգ̫ҽϺ˵˷纮ΪҰѲˣҵϾͱͻ

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صúãþͺڣϣ껹ûأȻҲòŸԤǽأôûЦſһۣ֪Ҳ֪ЩʲôˣЩȵ;͸ߵòŸ˵ЩƯɨΧֵһۣôţҸ̫ˣǾͿﵽҵͷˣҸ㣬ô˵ҶǻյЩūɫûŶٸǣּ̫ҪҵͷҲ֮ǰȰЩûҵūŸˣ
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һⷿʹϵȵľ̿
ҲЦūžūţú˵㲻ϡǵҸɫǷ



˵簡ȫˡЦе˽ӣ֪˻ΪĹء
үĸûˡҵȻһ̶ûǸ漣
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ЦˣõҰɡЩҷĥˣҸ̫ʲôڣԣôңֻܣһƵð䲻ӣҲҡ
ǲ̫ˣһۡ
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ҿϴε·òҪĸͼҡ
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һ仰ҿʼÿǰߣԴϴε֮ⷿˮҵֹ̬࣬ô뵽ϻòġ
ղʱΡ
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ڸ̫ٳǰͼҲһҪô̵ʱһθ֣ô׵ģһθ֣ҷ˲Խ
̫ٳɵôϲЩˮװʱ˵
룬˼ˮɫ·ּ磬ͷϴ˶觵ɵܽػ˼ⱦʯƽղʩңҲü˴ױϿңܽػԽĳҼüĿ续˵ϴε鶯ĻεҾǸޱȡ
ˮĲſȥӭҵǾ޵ĿͲ޼ʵΪ̫ЩʣΪҲ׼ǰ
ôǣԹԵ˽ӣͬһӡ
óȫһȻð仰
ػ
ģҡ
ҲˣҵϣҵģߣҵԸԼǸʶֵá
Ҳش⣬ǿʼĿ
㲻ԸȻŹҡ
ÿ˶飬ѵүû𣿡۾
ֵ˵ˣǾôĬŵ˻ʹ
εڴУССĻ׹ݽĴ֡
μĸףĸ尲꣡ҸԼһ¸̫밲
ɡ̫ЦݵؿǣٲȻĸף˿̵޲ܴҵ̫żֱˡ
ǶΪĸ׼ͼͼʱΧ˵һƬ̾
ǲô֣ΪǷˡ̫ıƺֻǣ˭֪̫ﵽʲôǳԲ׼뷨
¶ΪĸġҵĳƺҼһļƤ
̫ĿתһȦôͼҪѲٹɡ
ֻҪ̫ϲҲˡȻ̫ţϵĻǵ˵ģһûдô˵ǰ̫Ÿɡ
֮ЦȻӣû˻ڲǰŸձ̫Ÿͷ
翪ʼˣҵĿⲻʱǺߴɬĿɨҲЦˣ֪֪֪أͷϵĻʹڶɫˡ뵽Ҳɨһ̸ۣ̫Цƺδע⵽Լ۾ڿ
ĽУʱл׹վΪ̫ף٣򳪸ϲĸ裬ףٵʫϲ裬Ҳ˾ڣȫȻĹĶǣҶᡣ
̫󣬳ϱԸΪĸһףĸٰҵãڳˡ
˵ò绨ͨ黭ʫʸ踳νǲò˫ΪʲôǸоأ
أϱһǲ֣ϱҵֻ̫ף٣֪̫Ƿͬ⣿εε˵Լ⡣
ҲЩЦǱˣᱻ˭֪ټ߳裬Ǵĸ𣿿ϧϵңҿûô
ҴݵĸٳϱȻԸһΪĸף١
һЦɫɱ˵仰
ת裬棬ȴȻһת߿ֱϾʱתˣʼתԽԽ죬ҲתԽԽ죬Χ˼ҵӰˣֻһɫӰӣڴʱȴֺȻһתõͳίͨˣҪͣӦֻ»ˤڵϣ࣬ȴŲæ㣬ɲסҽҽ˸õʽԺô䣬ҶӦ磬֪ˣֻýζȲʲϡ
ڣһˣҲסƣЦΧˡ
ãϴͷ˺ãвźĵ
;ϵ赺ϣ˸пֻӦУ˼мţϴ͡
࣬Ǻø绨Ůֻúã黭Ҳ˺󡣡̫ЦŶ˵
æл
õվԼλȥߵһɲǣֻ˵ңûôף
ɫ΢˱䣬ȻЦȥˡ
Ҵ֪ҵó赸ؿһۡ
㲻֪黹кܶࡣζؿһۡ
֮󣬾裬٣ʱΪ˫˶˵ֻӦϲеĶ˼ѵټ



һȻŵһ޵һϲ÷ˣƿţܵ÷ڰѩĳ£ѿĶǰ÷Ķѩֱֻܰ
÷ѷѩְףѩȴ÷һ㡣Ҳп۾ֻضֻʣҲ쿪˫ۣʼط
أֻңֻǵ÷ֻ㣡
Ȼ˴кãʱסӣкȥǸű۵Ǿһˮ̽۵ȴЩ
ǵ˶˵ɩǾһٴĿã֮ˮ̽۵˿޵
ҵܣүҽܵ˸򸣣ȻСĻӣŵԺ֣Ӧ̫ϼֻû⣬ǵˡ
Ļ˵㻹ḧٺͳ裿үȤȻظ˵
ЩǹٸС㶼ˣʲôֵġҵ˵
ǿɲǣҪ˵ᣬǶᣬܹﵽɩصģֻûмˡ
ˡҲٸǾȥǴˡ
ѵһˣһԸסҡ
Ҵ˿һľȴͷһν
ﲻضÿճԵһ磬ȻǷʢˡҲ˵ֻĬĬسŲˡ
ɩôֻزˣȰǸСڵˣҵĳƺѾɩɩˡ
ү˵ˣҪʡĿ֧ÿ춼ֻزˣȵġҲʧʱش˾һ¡
ˣȴֲܵ淭ֻš
Цĸ㿪ЦģҪȻĸ㳤֣ô˵ġ
ʲôҲû˵ֻزˣʵСﳤ󣬶ڻҲʮϲãֻڶˡ
㣡Ȼиһ⣬ʡܸ״
üͷ˿иҵ⣬մˮĶ붼ģּлظҳһأѾϰˡ
Ұ죬ȴָûа취
ɩƢЦ˵
ðɡҷ꣬վСﳤ֪Լ£ԴҶԣҵķҲñȳСܶˡ
ؿ˿ңɩͳԱˣԵ㶫ûǼҵèԵöء
ٳԵɡҲʼ˵
ıˣ԰ɣȻȥϢˡ˵˸򸣾ˡ
صҵӣΪճ˷˯ʼǸղ÷
ȻһķҵԱߣŤͷһվҵԱߣŤͷҵĻء
òˣûгԱҸõĹָָġ
ȴÿһۣҵ÷
Ĳҡ
ûµĻˣһʱϲԱߡҿһۡ
Ǵǰң𣿡ǰֵվԱߡ
˵ĶʵͷҲ̧ػش
УȻֻô㣬ԺͷԸÿֻһ˾ˡ񶾵˵
νҲһһʣֱ
űߣįǻƻԳꡣһȺֻʡҵĻϵĴ½̵ġӽ÷
Ҳ
黭ϵĹģҡ
ҪǸˣҸûйϵشùŵϡ
˵أĻָõĸͲһģһ֪ͬһ˽̳ġһۡ
֪ҵֺͻ粻ķۣԿɲԶ㣬Ҫض˵
Ӵ˵ĸôȥôϾûأԭɩء˳ҵſڡ
ɩĻߺȻҸջĻûûϷ̵Ĵʣ͸ˣϸ⻭ֻ֣ǺųƾǵһŮﶼȲϰ̾
𣿡Цſɱô˵Сĸ㼱
ɫ̱ˣһΨ²ҵ˵㿴û˵ɣտҵĻãͱˡӣǴһߣôءҰ뿪Ц˵
ɩῪЦЦʹɩĲòĸ˲ﰡ˭øأ
ˣɩʵϲ͸˿ɺãҡ
컭òǺܺãٻõĸɡҿûҵĻžܾǲãϾϰɡ
Уҿɸ˵ˣɱʡĵ˵
ЦЦ˵ҵģҾǲѲ㻹
ˣ˵ǸƹϾҪʦˣ˵ҪһףءȻһת
ţҲ˵Ǵпôô򵥣ͼءüͷ
ҿҲǣ˼˵ƹӺųƺƹһءʼĻϢ
ǺƹĳӣҺȻ廰ǰʦ̫Եʱƹ˵ӵĴ
ɩҲ֪Ծؿҡ
ʶԼ˵©ˣŶǰ˵Щ
ҵ뿴Ǹж˵

ʹ

ĶԺ󣬸;ԿӰӣĸ黹ǲһ㡣
ɩӦҵĻôˣһһ顣
ûлءһǴϡ
ɩǴʰɣؿҡ
ĶҰЦ˵
УҽҪѻõֲɡʼˡ
ûлãôðҸۡ
ͰĻóˡҲҡ
֮£ֻðԼĻó
ɩ㻭ĻǲҪȻţƤЦ˵
Ʋ죬ҪǾңһŶ㣡
һǱӲ
ˣ͵Ǹҵˣдʵ˵
ǲҲøﰡҲ۾
Ǻ˵Ҫʲô˵ָĵ˵
һûпأ˾ͽּͨˡ
ԭǻƹʹּǽġ
кˡЦ˵
ûпǽ磬Ҷˡ
Ƿ鷳ȥģ㻹ǵȥ
ѡ˼·ӺڸȦ׺ëͷбֻʯӣ뵽ԼϲǸģûױ
ÿμɩɩһθһβһڹſڣЦеض˵
˵һһϣҿһۡ
ǣÿζòһ˶֪´λʲôˣʱȻ˿ʱЩΣѭȥԵʱġ
ôЩûֻ˵ȴûһûĻ湻̱ġ
ҲЦˣ˱һԼ๫²̨ء
εЦЦûп
ǽȥɡǾΧ
ҴǰƹʹӡϣûдƹķΣźһ˵һĺֹҲʮš
ǹ͸µϹһӡ
Ŷ֪װʲôأϺʡ
Һƹϡ֮ϵĻ˵Ȥ
ߵ̫Ͻӹӣ˿˵ĿҲضźӣֻʱֳһƬ⡣
Һƹеҹ飡
˺ӣӴСԣ𶼱ȥ
ҹ鱾ѵãôҹ͸ǺˡЦ˵
ֻҪϲͺáϹ˵ˣи֮룬֪Ƿܹ׼
ʲô󰡣ϵҲûкͿ
ǰҹԵɺϵõһ֣Ǿûϵе֡쳯в־ʿ֪ɲ˰æأһ֣˳һ֡
һǴǳˡĵش˹Ծ˵
ŻĻ򿪣һι״ֳǰ
֪ĸλϵֵģʡ
ĸ磬ϵЩ𣿡ִչˡ
ǹʱ֣Ǻаաüͷ
Ҳ͵Цʵǹ»ģĴңԶ»룬֮Ļ»̣ڰǰΪ͢Ϊа̶𣬴»ͽɱص»»̺͹»ҲԴԭʧ֪֮Щǰݾʦ̫̣ԹżΪԣһԵɺϵĻᣬŪһЩдй»ĵ飬ʮĿУ룬ΪĵӣȻҲѧ˿»ġ
ϵӰѻϯһ飬п˶֪ʲô֡
ν쳯Ҳ˶ѣ˵⻰Ĳǳϣӣһһĸѿ
˵ӴҲɡ˵
Լûб£ҳԼ
һۣȴֲ˵ʲôţһתȴЦˣӣ˵ǲˣʣ˿˴ģҲ֪ĿˣǼٵĿ˰治Ǹʡ͵ĵơ
һЦʵоѾܿеĴˣֻϣ֪ȫѡ
ô֪Բءġ
ȴüͷ»ΪԭΪа̶֣֮ںƹȴûбֹʦ̫˵Щ»飬ǴӺƹҵġ˿֪Ҳϡ档
Ŷ֮ǰԼָܿд˳ϴȡһŷ⣬ܽԸһͬա
˭֪ǲ밡⵷ҡ
⵽ѣ౥ѧ֮ʿǲǺ죬ѵƭķ𣿡
ҲЦˣߣ仰ȸ˵ӣȴֽʣҲ޷ȥ
Ϊ˼ҺųƺƹһǼٵģҰһۡ
ôˣ˰Ҹۡ
Ҹ⣬ÿ˶һֽдԼΪԵĴ𰸣ȻıȶԣҾͲûܹСЦŸ⡣
ߣһĴָ
ȻĽ飬˭ϣи̨°
ǣеÿ˶ǰ˸īֽ⣬̿ʼͷӶ໥
Ҳ²£ʲô˼ʼ˼
ǹ»ģдһ裬һеŮзΪҪ̶òԶ磬Լ˼ɸԶˣԼܿͻصߣҪż׼üױȴԼӭȢҶ渵
ô֪ôʵǾ
Ϊһɵϣбһۡ
ؿеÿһֽǿı飬֪ܶ˶ûвУϾ쳯֮»࣬ô뵽ǲأ
Ȼͣסˣţ϶ǿдģҿˡ
֪λ˭еݣһЩҶδܿ쳯Ȼ˲żüáϹضԻ˵
ŶϽӹֽ˳Ϊ»ģһ衭дֽ
ؿһۣȴ΢΢һЦ
޾ְֵܣϳ֡
ǳܵģ뿪˵࣬ȴҺݺݵһ£ֹסĻ
ѹָղλүô⣬ԭǳˡϹسʩ˸ֻεػ˸
ﲻ˵ºҡ
ֻҪҳ˲³ˣ˭Ҫ𣿡Ұһۡ
˵ôʶ»ĵģһۡ
Եɺϣҹء

ѩط

˵ɩǺˡһ߿ࡣ
ôֵؿ
Ǹƹһ͵Ҹ˵Ҫѧʲô»ģ˵ʲô»İü˵
ʵˣ
ôڰü˵
ǲˣҰһۣģҲ֪ҵĴڣ㰡ͺװɡЦŶ˵
˵õɣ㲻֪жܡûؿһۡ
ˣˣ͵ǰҰɣ˭ô໭أЦˡ
ˣĸأȻ
Ҳ֪ӦǳȥˡʵڲڸҸͲ֪Ҳ֪
ָ˼͸ˡ
ûжã̫ҽˣʱһ£̫ŻûдҺӹ
ҳԾǣȻվ̫ԱߣҲ۾⵽ôأ
˵дǸ»ĵķߵģ̫豭˿ڲ衣
ʱˣ֮Գ¾̫İɣԱߣǵһһȻҲӲ۾Ͷ䡣
ǡ֪ˣֺαдء
ôĵӣ̫󼸺ǰѲ豭ϡ
̫ϢŭɱΪôӡʼȰ⵽ȴôҲβסֻЦݡ
㣬㵽ǺξģȻҰЩ߰ҵ̫ݵؿҡ
Ҳ֪ʲôЩȻûдҵĸȻҲĶ
Ȼʶ»ģȻǰ»Ϊа̶ɱ㾹а̵Ķүǹ󵨵ģ
Цˣ̫Լ˵ǰˣֽǴǰǰ޵ʶҴ޵£̫ȴڿΪǰ⣬СŮӿɾЩ벻ˡ
̫ʱɫ࣬㣬㣬㡱ָҰ죬ȴôҲ˵ҿϴǴˣ
̫ϲңҵĴ̣ף̫Ҳǰ˵ҰСİʯͷԼĽţ˵ԴҾ֪Ǹ̫ûдҺùֺαأ
ããǰҵĺöϱȻв𰧼ˡֻ̫ؿڣǲΪǻָҾͲôˣ𣿡
֪̫ԭûдҺûȻǶ֪ҵ˼ֺα˵ЩԲԵĳ滰أҵ˵
ãããҵҪĹͷжӲ˰򣡡
̫ϢŭϾҪˣǲģ˵ˣϦҹҪһأҪƽ׵˸ˣԼԼ¶𣿡ϴΰҵǸŮȰ̫󵽡
̫۾룬У͸ҵȥ
ź죬ŴѩôǴҪҳˣңүҰ
ߵ˴⣬̫˵ˣһŮָ˸طǵطźĻѩΪ׼ġ
Цˣ£ȴ˸סˡ
ôˣȴ
̫šҵ˵ͺǱ򣬶ȥÿŰײô򵥡
Ϊʲôأҡ
Ϊϵ𣿡ҿһۡ
״𣿡ҧгݵʣҸղŻȥˣڸ˵һͽҾ֪ﷺˮˣ͸Ͻ˹˭֪ˡ
ʵֻǸͷѣû飬̫󶼻ҵĲġ̾˿
Ϊʲôô̫ˣֵؿҡ
䲻ĶӣһϲĶϱʲôýأҿЦ¡
ţȥ̫顣
סûõģӣ϶̫ǰʱҾ͸Ӳöˡ
ô䣬ѩܵ𣿡ҡ
Ĵ̫󲻰ģҿһۣûµģˡ
룬ȡϵëƤ멣̵˵ϣɣܸ㺮ȥĸ磬ܸܲһȰȰ̫󡣡˵ͼҴҵˡ
ȻϥϵĴ멣ʱϴĺƤȴ̫ʱ˴˿ֻ˼˿޼аѩȴԽԽܣһҵͷϣ϶˺һ㣬ܸоҵĿڴܡ
ô˸ѩˣֻ
̧ͷŬسһ΢Ц֮£ұصӱ
ɫʱˣ˵ʲôȴ˸ˡ
ʲô㺦˺ò𣿡ˡ
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㣡죬ѽ˸
һС̫̽һڵĽݵҵǰŷѾϣһڲϵض¡
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Ҫٸ˵ŲҸͷ˿̵ıνˣǱϵıסˣȻס졣
һ뽪¶ǣȴת˲ʧˣܹоԼҲʼսˡʱһů֪ĶŪްҵϡ
ˣȥ
£С̫Ūˡ
㣬ͣȥȥ֣ҸоԼҲʼˡ
죬ȥŨĽһС̫ȥŪˡ
үҰѴˡһС̫˸ӳҵǰ
ҽ̫ҽŪʲôˣüë
С̫ҽԺҽʿ𡣡Ӹ˸
ҽʿܸ˿𣿡ˣǸС̫µ
Ӳʣе̫ҽٵƹȥˣֻʣˡС̫ί˵
ˣˣ֪ˡͷػ˻֣УǸ͸ɡ
ΡΡذָҸ˿ϡ
ôˣżʡ
үƤ멵ϥ£ֹ֮ղӦúʲôȵĶʱãǣһۣ˵ˡ
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ʱˣһۣȴЦˣĵ£ݣԣ£ҳ˸̱ӣ̫¾ܳ׿Ĺ˼ּþҰɣ
ڸʲôأ̫ϵȻ㻹б£ǳôĶ
̫ģαطҪþѩأ顣
˭氧ңЩа̵ۻ֮ʣƾ㣬͸
̫㲻Ҫյһ֮ʣǶں˵ˡ
ں˵أΪ̫ĶԼ𣿡̫Ȼŭ
ˣЦˣ̫֮λ޴ǣǸŷˣӦ֪Ӧ£ţǰй˭ϼ磬˭޼ʱз̫ݸԣ˫ѾմѪȣȻ֮еŮӣŹ֮˵ԣʱ̫Ǳ˯ðˡ
Ȼ̫ɫ˱䡣
̫ⷣҲˣˣ͵ָϲ죬ɡǸŮٶΪ顣
̫˿ĬƬ̣˵ͷת˹
Ͻȴе˫Ѿû֪վȥҸʹŮסңԸһС̫˵
ŤͷſڿȥֻǸŮɫεıӰ˭ΪʲôἸؾأҿ̫ӣƺΣΪʲôأʲô



ôˣҾȻſԼķȻľ
Ⱦˣͷף¸Ӳйء
ʹѾͷҸ˷ڴϡ
Ͽٹֽ˷ҲŸһ˹
ϸΣʡ
ûú˵ˣǺϾڣðѺɢСһۡ
ϽӰߴٵ
ӵҩԡѪӵҩڷдӡ
ӵݸ𣬡ǸģҪǿˣͣ
æлˡ
ȥ̫ˣ˼·ˣϵľҲȥ˲١
ûпһûȢԼ˵ӣһҰѾͷԼӵ̫ĸףҶ֪оҲܲƴǣ
ɩǵ¡ϵ̫ˡұ⡣
ôˣ˿ҡ
û˵Ѿ˿ҩˡ
ҿԼ¶ڱ֣ϵģضòᣬѵӻǽˣǰֵʱ򣬴ҲһҪϪˮȥˮϴ·ϴˣô඼ûʲôôֻһͲأ
ɩû°ɣֵؿһۣôЦ
Ц𣿡ҵ˵˾䡣
Ժ̫ˡοҡ
Цˣ̫󲻴ҾǲңôŬûõġ
ˣĸ磬ôȥȾˣô㶼ҲţȥȰ̫ЩϾֵؿ˾һۡ
ЩΣܸܲԼĵܵ˵ԼΪԼȥƽİɡ
ǲεգϽת˸⣬ɩֻôЩ»
Ҫϲķ߰ɡҿһۡ
ôô󷽣ֵؿһۡ
ľ֮ҳЦˣѵõľѩܹ̿סȫ
ɩôо黭ԼȻͬϸҵĻ˵
ᵽɫһ˿Ρ
Ļƫأȴȡʤ˿ҵĻ
ĻҴûпĻǵʦһŮĳƺţǲס
ǵȻˣСʱǺһڹ飬ʱ춼ĸĺ棬ճĸ磬һСƨ档ЦˣȴȻʶʲôεͷ
ƴŪ÷ҵϧŪˡ
ʱһƬΣԡҩ׼ˡѾεա
λү˳ȥڵҩɣʵǶǿˣȢԷֻǣΪȨƵ̫ǾȻһСŮϣѵܣҲһҸ
ѾǰҴҩ˳˴ϣ˫񻹸оľ߼ѣҩ˰ɣ̫ҽˣڷǰȡ
ҽӹҩһҩ࣬ȴˣȴɱˣ֮עҪˡ
Ѿ߰ҵ˽ڰϣȻ˳ȥ
ҸպȹҩﻹģθҲģûгԷ
ɩЩûˣҲ˽
ЦĿȴڿڰϵҵķˣɩָŰϷŵһС뷹һСʾ
εŤͷȥ֪˵ʲôá
ĸ磬ǴҪأԣ⾴ǴҪģҲ͸ô㶫ɣүˡ
ˣһ̲ͣҲһͣûʲôġҵ˵ԴϴҸԷʱ˾ҵ;İվ˵ģֻһСˡ
ĸ磬˵㣬Ҳ̫ˡֵؿ˾һۣȴû˵
ɩ㲻ҪĸǹءϾֵܣǻụŵġ
Ҳʵ֮Իϲŭ֣ΪĵԵʣԴ˸ģôỶϲأǳǳһЦ
ɩ㿴㣬ôҲĸأʼԲ
ҲȢģ޵ģ֮Ǹ˵ôأ
үʱˣʵһжٸĸԸأ
ĻҲ⣬򲻻˵ֻǿǸӦҲǸ֪֮ˣô˹̱
ʲôóˡ
ҡҡͷˣҸպȹҩʲôء
ļ죬ҶݰģˣҵҲʼ߰˸ˣһ٣ȻÿֻһˣĶ˿
ڸ𣿡쾴̲סˡ
ԲôĺòˡҵӦȴһ̲ͣŶ
ϲˡȻð仰ҳһ̧ͷ˿ƽԭɣǸ̫֮ҲǸйذɡ
Ҹϲã׼ɡͷ
㲻ȥϲ𣿡һۡ
ӻûк˿̽ǲףǲȥĺáϲҸ֮飬ϲҼɥô˼ȥϲأ
Ժĸͺˣ͵˶ϲҡ
ĸﱾͲǸϲˣֺαԼȥֺøͲϲҵأҵ˵ȴû뿪ŵѩ÷ס
Ϊ飬ֵܸòɿˣԵĻԺǱܱӰɡ
ĻҼһָϣӣʲôӿɱܵģҪӵؿ²Ұɣ̵˵
⻰ʲô˼ˡ
ʲô˼ԼûɵӣҪ˲֪ǼĪΪҧߡ
ߣصغһվȥ

Ϧҹ

ôټ̫󣬻ǱһǹأݸıĹء
Ŷɫѹ˿·ͷ˱ʷͷеİ˱ʷ³ĳϸ˿Ҳӵƶҡҷ˼ë硣ҿӣǰʱǳҩθڲһȦԭȵĶ쵰ݳ˼ĹɫҲЩ԰ףպ˵֬ĨϣպЩĨڴϣŸоЩ
һ·ϣҸ˵ʵԴϴҸַ󣬾Ҳûи˵
ĸܻܲЩĸϲġȻûͷûβð仰
ûпʵҴŪЩ飬Աߵλν÷̫ҲûϵΪϻ֦ȻȥϰҴ͸Ȼְͽ˹̫ûȢϱһֱӲôĶϱǻðɣټֽ˹ǰƣ̼벻УȲһˣҲܹԣԼıӡȻҪӵԹˣƢô񣬲ǲġ԰ôֺǰ״Ҳɴ಻Ǹ˼
Ҹ˵أûУɤš
һûԵǧ꣬Ե治ʶǧ꣬ȴΪ˱˴˵جΣ治֪ʲôԵ
ҲҲɴ಻˵ˡ
ĸ磬ɩˣѾ絽ˡ
ҳĬԵظ棬Ѿֱϴһףȴ޲ԷνܡҲ̱ԱߣԴϴε֮ҾףǸŶŮˣ˾ͺ޲ҧһڣֶ̫֮Ůݣ͸ˡ
Ϊнţǵλûһ
Ҷ˵Щϵֻ˴һźƹѲǸƹʹӳϴŸźµĺŮǰϾơ
ľףʵ۱ꡣŮӾ룬һ
ãǺƹĹȻˬϳ޵
Ҳüͷ˸ƹĹ
ʱ򣬴Ӻƹģ˵ǹź˵Ǹ鷳ȵѲĵظҡ
Цˣû˵ȴڻԵˣһЦǧģʵʾףңοŬȴҲȲǸ߸ϵķˣڵұĵȸ
˵쳯ڴʱжԶϰߣ²ţĸλѧ֮ʿֽһ£֪Σϳ˸
ǿͣȳ˵ˡ
ˮǣ档΢΢һЦ
ɽԭϣΪѩͷԳ治ǳԸɷġ
һ¡ֳ˸
ɽӦ
ɪ˴ϡһ˲Ȳʣȷ
СߡǾġ
ϳţҲվ¿ˡ
ϸ̫ƽȻ١
һʱ䣬ϯϻЦȤޱߡ
žʦ˫һΪ٣Ǿ裬֪ûֵһأϺȻҪ
㸧٣֪ܷΪһأϿߡ
ҵΪѩûжõԵʣڻָ軹ǺУǾվΪǰòСˤһӵԵʣδʶΪ裬Ӻ
ιЩôƵ뿴ǵĸ裬ôôĵİ˵⻰ľ鹫
Ļһϵɫÿ֮˶ɫϾһСȻ쳯Ŵ˿ԣ쳯
ľ飬÷ȵˡױ軵ˣ״ð˸λ϶Ի񵽡
ϻûзľѾֿڣ֣˵Ұ˵Ķ滰˼Ҷ˵쳯ôôãҿδأ˶ˣŮ˸ѿˣҿﲻݣֻԼੲݣȫȻΧ˵ɫƹôǹջˣǱ⡣
ľ飡˵ϸϽס
ûк˵λʲô˵ɣìͷ֪ôĶ׼ң΢΢һЦϾؿܶ˶˵Ҿǿ裬ҲᰡǲԭϵĹ𣿡һʾӡ
Сó״ð֮ҵǸ
ľ鹫˵ҲҲʲôԵĵطοľ鹫ȷֺð֮˵Ц˵벻ģһûб˭
ģ˵˰ɣͲҸұȣҾ˵ˣ쳯˶Щûеų򣡡
һҵɫˣ˵ҸղŵĻʶ壬Ļô仰ȴҸղԵôȵĻų͵СһΪΪҵԵʵ쳯˶ǵСųôһҿɵ
ľ鹫쳯֮ǵĿˣǶǫǴ֮ȴ֪ԭƹ˵˼ôġҵĻһƵƵͷΪҵĻ͹쳯ĴȣȴҲͬʱľûйء
㣬㣬ʲô˼ûб
˵أЦſ
ߣѵҸղ˵쳯˲ǵСǾվұ˿ˣǸվӮҲᱻ˵ǲƽ쳯Ů˻ģ˵Щ׹ݣСˡҲľô˵ԭΪƹԭزԣҲó䣬ͨŮӶǿ
ľ鹫վˣһӮĻָõأЦŷʡ
ߣҾͲӮң
ֻӮ˹Σϻشҵ⣬Īûף
ӮңҾ͹¸ǿͷҸղ˵ĻǴģһϵɫ˱䣬ҲЦˣľ书ĲҲô
Ǻã¾ӣ㹫һȣҲʡýȥ˵ǲÿͣû㹫
ҵĻһ˵ˣɩˣ㲻Ҫˣ㵱ģˡ
СֻǸЦѣص档ϸϽԲϾҪǱʱĳʲô⣬Ҳʰ
ӷģҼȻ˵͸ұȣģڱʱԼԲͷϵġӯӯЦ
ΪһҺľ鹫ıʱͶ˳ܶ˶ڲʱ۾ңǶ룬˲ǳԴҩˣǳ˪òͷˡ϶̽ؿ˺üΡ
˵˭侲ĻǾԱߵľ룬ԣڱɥĻǴȰĸ󵽲ΪһȫĽ취
չϦеĻ׹ݶҪһ꣬ŻϣŮ̫
ѾͷôĺڣһҪ˵Ļ쳯ӿĶ飡̫ζ˵
ûп˼Ҫ˵ĻÿԶ˸˳ʰң룬׼˵İɡ
±ϾᣬһʱҲģֻҲ̫ʶˣϵų͢棬²áةฮĻΪұ绤ʵȴڸҿ۴ñӡ
ǰһҪˣô찡Ҳ侮ʯ
Ѿͷ˵أҪ˵Ļô찡̫ζؿҡ
̫˵ôôɡҵ˵·˵Ǳһ޹ء
ǺãӮˣȻͣˣС˵㶪ǻʼҵ棬˵㶪Ŀ쳯棬ǰҿɾҪѳ˵ǰͷˣʱҷĲ㣡
ףˣȴҵʲôÿһ˵Ҷ䶨ˣ仰˵Ҳˣ

ԣϣ

һһ𴲣ҾͷԸˮⷿǶȥȡһƥɫĲ
Ӵҵɩ㻹й·أļǵ˷䡣
ȻΣ̫Ѿ˵ˣˣҷĲңҲԼܴʱԼú£ֻ½Ҫøϯһ͸ҰȥˡЦ˵
ޣĭͷģɲ˵ⲻĻ
ҵ뼪һӵ˶϶Ҫ䣬ҿôҿЦ¡
˵ҲǣôʹӦǸľأʼԹҡ
ӦΣӦΣҿԴûпԹľҲӦͳľ˵Щ̫ҲŹҡӦˣҲô°
𣿡Ȼҡ
ûлشȻͷҵ·
ѽⶼʲôʱˣǾʱҲаߣھͽȥҪߡ
ˣʵףҸûӮĿܣĽʵõģҽˣ̫;ҲˣҽԴϲǺܺ𣿡Ҷҵ֡
⻰ʲô˼Ȼˡ
ʲô˼ҰѼһӣֱľʱ䣬Ҷڼţ֮ûм棬ʱôˣΪʲôᵥҧסҲţǧ˵ǿҲ˳ۣǸұˡ⻰˵ƭûţ
ʱһ󣬰һ
ɩĸˣôẦأ
ĳˣ̫첻
뷨Ｗ仰
㲻ôģбһۡ
ܣߣǺ˸¿ηˣصһ˦˳ȥ
ɩĸˣʵܵġϽҽ͡
ˣҺܸ˰ͷϵģԣĳˣңҿһۣǲ֪֮ȥŻô˵ģ֪ȥôҵģͲô˵ˡĵ˵Ҹмĺģ㻹ǲҪˣʱ䣬Լúþ
㲻ѧˣԾؿң㲻֪ɲģҪǴˤ˽ǣɥ
˵ˣˣ̫󶼻ܸ˵ģԼԣҲǸѣԣ⵽ʧΪһȫİ취
˵ˣֻңص̾˿ˡ
ӣҶھĵط·ˮ治֪ҵЩʲôֻվһ߷
ʵֻԼףľ˰źרŸµףͳ˵Ļ£Ҿֻ֪һ²˭ڱµף̫ƣǵʱݲеڶѡʵ;úģڳԼķĵӵã̫ţȴûһ˿ΪվΧҵù
ϣԼɫľװְͷ黨裬ɫдϵΣȻҴ򿪷ţƽ˳ȥѾſͣſˣڵҡ
ɩҪҪٿ£Ȼȥϣ¸ּ⣿Щҡ
ҽҪǲȵĻ̫ҲҺˤܺù̫;ЩвֵֶЦ˵
ô˵ĸ粻ˡͼȰҡ
ʲôˣԼ𣿲ߣԼˡת
£ҪݳϷˣҪôǴˤҪô˱̫;ȻҲпӮǣӮ
ҿԼ֣ϸ޳жûˣڵһӮľҿЦ£Σѵ·һ㵽丮׾һдĿʼ죬ҪΪһдϸţҲ
ĳڻʼ԰֡ԷУҵʱľѾˣӵؿңҪڿϸҿͷһԿǷһ
ЦˣϷŹң̫ҲŹҵġ
ⳡǸֶѣ㲻̫⣬ʵڲУҲνġϹȰҡ
û£Ҳ˵ڱķʲôҲԼ޹ءЦŶ˵
˵䣬ϵˣȻٲ뿴ֺʹ̼ĴԹ󣬻׹ݣȻ̫
ĲУӲͦϲ޵ĵؿһۡ
л¹ģзִ硣ֻϣһʲô⣬Ҹȫʬҿϲһˣ̫;ʲôֶԸҡ
ɫ˰ȴʲôû˵
ǧҪСİʵعػ
лġЦŴսֻ˵ģҾŹǵģԺ˯ʱСЩ
ɫʱ˱䣬ȴʲôû˵
뾴ľ鹫ѡƥ˸
ҲŲϡǵأԼУľ˵
˹ȥʼԼЩͷҵɡȻǣƥѩʨ讹
㲻ôɣЦֻ˵
ҳõˣﲻ㡣˵
Һԥؾܾڽ죬Ҳϣκιϸ
ڣƥҲ˳ĲӣҽͿˣԹ𣿡
ؿңҪͱˣҺĸȥ̫ͻϣǲΪģ
ˣұȣӮĻᣬлĻᣬҲȣôֻ·һˡ㿴ЩˣǿɶͲءЦſȴޱһϷҪ࣬ıӰ

ԣУ

һԣ˫ƳܶʮȦΪʤΪţ˸˱Ĺ
ҪСˣľвԭƵģľ齾ض˵
ȻӦˣȻҪˡЦˣתԣǺúܣҸǣòã˵ҴĿڴͳɰι֪ɰǣƹԭˮݷʢԣȴѷֻõǧżԳԵɰǡ
ãһ£ľһӸ£ӵؿңƺ뿴ҵô档
ʱһС̫˹ԸСź
ЦˣˣԼС˵ӣͰֻҪӮԱߵƥҾٸǳԣòã˸ǣҵĻҲЦˣȻһ
ãڸҽкãȻΧһƬƽк벻һɣľؿһۣûϵҾȻôƯ
ľһɳ۳ȥҲһȦȦȦûңֻоڶߺХΧľＸڷɳۣȻҿµ߾ȫڱܣľǲԭ϶ԣȻҲܲǳȦڻʼԭɱ۵ȻǲͬնġμнƴҲʼճľֻܽظĺ档Ҳ֪ԼܲӮֻҪò̫ѿҲˡ
ڣľһʤҡҳյ㣬ԱߵС̫ϽŷڹȽţȶЩˡ
ģĲӣӿڴͳιǵòӲ˲ңЦˣȻûӮǸڲԭ۳ҵԱԾȻֻһҲˡ
ɩǽˣҶ֪ô˹
ЦЦû˵ӣҵ
˸ǣǻӦ
ʱ˸뾴ľ鹫ѡ
ЩҲŲϡأԼУľ鲻мؿϵĹ
ЦǣȥɩҪûЩУҲᣬŲվڹԿҡ
ĹȥļûȣļҲƫз磬ĻҾûа취аˡ
˵Ƕԣصõ𣿡ҡ
϶˴Ĵָ
ЦЦû˵ͷӹﾭ˰ųֵĹʮֻ
ָ֪ʲôʱվҵߣݸһָ
𹭼תгȥûнİָ˹ûаָӲָ˵ġ
û˰гҰͳ˸ָǸľɵİָѾ˰߲ĻۣɫҲʼˣɼ˶ˡ
ҰѰָϣȻһЦʦҵı£֪ûУ
α˫ʮֻак߶Ϊʤ˸
һ˹òˣЩӦˣһ֧Ȼ˰С
ľȴεض˺ϣسһЦ
˿£ͣʦģұ۾˼ٴξ˹׼ģšкģΧʱһƬľɫȴѿˡбһۣҲ˵ڶҲкġ˿
ȴȻһȵĲǼֵĳź侲ľļȻȴڸͳסϡҳȻһЦ˹׼кġֵľˣƽƬ̲ŰѼȥҲкģ
Ļأ˶кģ
أƫˣȴˣسһЦȴ΢Цóҹ۾ҪľЧǣ䡪кģһۣ䡪ƫˣ
ǸЦؿظһһĵġ
߻أкģƫˣ£Ӽˡ
ڰ˻أǰͷˣȴƫˣҳЦøˣȻ׼ģУ
£ƽˣֻʣˣֳЩˣľĶͷҲʼðˣȴȻǳЦӯӯ
ھŻأľǰͷ䣬кģǵһۣȴֻǵһЦ䡪кģ
ƽֻ֣ʣһˣľͷĺˣףҪӮң촵ţֻǺճȴνӮˣҾͻ߼ǶˣҾԣȥǶ
䣡ľ麰һ䡣
νҵӦ
Ұ죬˹׼˰죬˳ȥкģʱһתʼҡ
ȻǵһЦ׼кģ
ɵˣľ鹫а˼ƽ֣ټһ
ľɤѾЩˡ
Цˣ׼кģΧʱһƬкľͷĺʱҰ죬ȴֻǳЦţʲôû˵ڣ˹׼˰죬˳ȥȴεز˺ĵԱߣ
ʱɵˣΧȴһƬ
ڶ֣Ӯ˫ƽ֣˸
ҾһΣ´ɱӮңľݺݵض˵
ҵͷû˵ֲ֪ףжѣȴ֪
ɩ̫ˣô֪㾹ȻЦŶ˵
Цſû˵
˭ѧƶʡ
ȴûлش𣬸˭ѧģĶѧģҪҴ֪ЩȻڽһνԵɺϣǲǾأ

ԣ£

ǡ˸ͱľˣΪʲôеıҪⲻƽ
ľ飬˵Ϻסľ顣
ǣƶıԣҲŲء
ǻǿʶ˾ƶıԣֻùӮıǹƽıءҲ༥
ҲܣҪľ鿪ʼȡ֡
ԣҪѹⳡˣɲҪ˵ƶıƽУӦ飡ҾҪŭҪ侲ţͻԿɳ֮
ǺðɣǣһʱϣųܣͬʱҪüгԱϹҵĶʼȦһ֣䵽ĶҲһ֣ʱ򣬵÷ֶΪʤ
ľ飬֣ôѵıôŵϿˡ
쳯ŪѵģеƲ쳯𣿡ľдʵ˵
ͬ⣡û˻شҾͿˣֻҪʱ˴Ӧҵͺã
С̫ǰľķԸϹҶʱߵԱߣǣҪˣ㣬òã
ζسǣʱͷҡ
ľ飬ô۶ӰߵԱ߷ɧ
Ҳظӡ
ʵڲУҪҿҲˣˣҺĸ籣㣬µġԲ԰ĸ磿Աߺ
ȴûпĸ磬ô˵ˡ
ˣ죬ûµġԲԣ
аӮ𣿡ڿˡ
ˣôûУеؿ
ʱסˣûг
ɩôô˵㲻֪ղſʱĸжżءϽԲ
˵ﻰżżʲô֪𣿡ҷǺó
Ҿôˣһۡ
ʲôˣԼòǰװˣҵù棬㲻ǵһҲǵڶҺ˵
㰮ôôɣȥ
ɩ˵ô˵ֻղûĸӣĵ㣡ʼԹҡ
𣿡ҿֵܣⲻ֣ͺ̫ԼίӳҲһǣҺ̫ҵ̬ȣҽӮ䣬̫󶼲ϲңҲŹңͬڣǶˡ˵̾˿үҪ׼һ˾
ˣҺľ֪ٶҿ϶Ȳľ飬ֻʤҴ׼һӦҶ䣬Χʱ˱ܵȦеĶ
ȦǴ˸ƽ֣ľȻٶȣҺͷʱȻ˵ˣôƵôа˵ţȻеıӣֻһ⣬ıӾ䵽ϣȻʹһʱʼƴղס̼䣬Ȼܹ˳ߵդʼɲסؿףʹĳ̶ȺҸղſǵ⣬ľıȴѾ˲ıˣԷǻʼ԰֣дƬɭ֣˿̾ͿɭƴذȴЧ
ָңȻֺҲͷһǾطϣֺ
ȴֲмһˣҲҪļʼ壡
ָңǰ£Ҵ
ƴס֣ȴƺᣬǰ񱼣ľʼ٣Ҳ˾Ļѵǰ£뵽ﲻһ˲ˣһ۾ȰѽŴȡȻ˫һһʹȻһӣ͸еһۣ֪ԼˤˣȻֽ˼ֹסʦҵУ򲻵ѣǲõģΪӿ񱼵Ӳ˽ǣǡ
ҸоۣԼѾӹһˣ۾ȴӰȻʧףʧĵط£Ҳһʧľͻҡ
ôˣԱ߷ҡ
û˵ֻȫۣȴ־˵ۡ
˵𣿡
ңͼܿϸһӣ;û۵Ӵһ
ĶۣϽҡ
ҽſҡҳֳȴֶˣ
ʱһԶͳԼһ
ǿңϽɩû°ɣеʡ
û£ˣҸ˵꣬;úͷһ˿ѪȻǰһ󷢺ڡ
̫ҽأǸ̫ҽôҶߴУȴôҲǸ˵ģ



СҾ͸һֻǣʲô鶼һΪĸţҵĸҲǵ̫ĸҪԶȸҲǵϵĸҪõöࡣ˿ɵʱǵߺȻһˣĸֶŮҲҵáաʲϲö飬ĸϲϲճܣȴܷǶΪˣûٵᡣһ̫ȻһŮȻףȴѾþˡǵĽŮƵĶŮˣһյĹâƺȥˣΪˣ곤û׽Ū۸ңö֮ճңճһǣǶһƨ档׵ǵʱֻǺᣬѵԽԽ֪ʲôʱҾȻᱻճţǿССӰЦա
ϧҺܽʱվû鷿ˣΪǿҪˣҪ֪ˡһ죬ĵ͸һдšƣģΪʣ񡣡ӹֻһۣߵɫͨ죬ȴʲôû˵ֻǽĬĬط뻳պá
ãܸյ¾ͶϤҵµĸЦŶ˵ģĸΪء
ڣҵȵӣʱĸλˣĸר˽Ϊľ˵Ҹ¡ƾȥ˻ϵ鷿ʱҸĸΪȥִͻȥˣΪľ¶ҫ
ûϵǣڶµʥּﾹȻǰƵĳŮ´͸ңֻ֪һŮǾǴðģ
ƥ򣡾谧Һ㣬ҶҪٲĸýϵĶɨϡΪˣҸĸȥϣȴˣ˵Ƶ㿷֮Ȼ겻丮סƷò֮Ʒ
ǣҲֻȻҵĴ磬ǣҵǻ϶ҵĴ֡Ҫ־͹ǸƥǸҰѾͷͻȻðҸضǶɾ
׵죬ҽֵ˶ϳ·ͷȴȻͬϬر۾ƺʲôþˡֻϧҵֻǰҲ벻ҵۡҾ󣬷ȥֻһ˶ؿշ֪»֮ҹӶؿշʲôζǣ˭ĳֻҺĻأڲﾡ鷢йĸҳ͸ҵģлβסĵ⡣֪뷨ĻһӶ˲ˣôŮˣֿ»֮ҹƲܵѾȡ֮ΰɣ
Ȼڶ죬ܵǸŮ˵ķʾȥˣҲϲǸи˰ҲδǼ£Ҳȥˡû죬ߴض˵УǴȴ˵̥λЩȣҸ˿󣬷֪İ壬ʶΣ̥ϣŲط֪ڽǸŮ˰ֻҲסĶԺԼȡ֮ǸŮ˰ûֻǶԺֲסȻ֪ǸƥΪʲôϰ޸ңֻҪûгޣҾҪȥȡ
ûãպȻ˵СˣǸŮ˵ķѳһ׹ƵСˣʵЩСϷôܹùҵ۾أֻܹǸŮЩͷԣҲǲģûϵǣǸŮ˾ȻǿӲģǶҵ䡣ʹǱû˹ȥȻûһĵ֣ŻȥҺȻһôţôͣĥҲǼȤ顣
ǣҰŲһµԺѾźҶµòᣬ˺ܾ˲źáգż·֣ȻһԴ˸еĸѭȥȻڵ١ֻ͵͵˸٣һɫ¶ˣסϷŪ˼ǿȥʤѩỬһ̵ңȻƬ̵Ķر滨֮ƽյľǿ˼ֳεӣҲмֵ⣬ԭҲ޼ƿʩʱ
ţһ𾪵ϢˣȻ빬˻ϵӣҵһ˿ϣˡԣĸ󷣹̫µʱҲûнȥȰοĸȻֻ֪Ҫҿڣĸͻֻǣĳ֣ҵģƻҸĻ£ۣܲ
û뵽ǣӹȻȻִգǰȻԵõسԷҺȻЦˣ£ȻǵѾעһˣǾͶ㵽мҶģ
֮ҹվǰҼԼ۾ԭ˵˵ľϿĻ˵µļͬʱ棬ǿȻǲһˡ
ϯϸһƽĶۣòಮ٣ֻҡҷԳ֮ˣͬʯǾޱԶ˵ļ̡ʱҵģﾹ˼ֵˣҵĲѵϴ𣿿һ빬ͷӣҫûмУǣȻң뵽ҲмȻΪЯһ˭ϾȻʧ֮ۡ
ڶϣͷϱոҵﲻмȻʱߣжáȻһĸҵĶ䣬Ƕµġˮͷ¹µרעصǰĹݣٵһװɡ̲ס˵ҹϴ¹⣬ҵƺҲ˷
ɽѩƼ¡ž⣬ľȻ׿ľġͷﲻһԹ
үѵûУֱң¹ȥ
űĸͻķŸյҲòǿʵ֪ĸʲô飬ֻǣĸΪǿһǿʤϵȴҵĻϳôһưͿҲѹĸȻԼܵҵģǾȥĸĳͲɣ˱λñ븶Ĵۣ
üͷҩҲ۵سԼ˭Ȼķ༥ëǸĲˣ˵èоҲˣϵļҶôûڴ̫¹ôҲû£ڵ˳ȻҲúõģèʲôͲ֪èܹʲôʱ
ȻҾͼ˱ĸĿȫǵ˿̵׵ϸߣҺ׵ϵָӡɼĸ˺ˣ챻׵˵˻ˣҵĳټûп
ֻǣպãͰѸܿⷿȫѵˣŮ˻Ҳ룬ôȻЦˣô˵ôεĥѣеκһΣҪŮˣǶҰǾޱƺʲôķ궼ݻٲһͣסͻٴţ˲òǿ
ĸϣһ裬˳ʦĲŮ黭ʫʸ踳ͨȻǵó뻯û뵽ˣȻӣ裬⵽ǸʲôŮ˰
÷УҼɷӰһµ÷ľһ㣬˵ƽʱǿ䣬˿̵ȴ鶯ؽΧ÷ȥ
黭ҽһȷǽȻͬˣʦƣƫأΪʶԵмֳˣĻȴ鶯£ףֻֻǣҵһ飬ֱܵҵĻƻˣǴԣŮӵĽᶼûУ˺޵ġ
дƹʹߵٴμʶĴŮ˵жܣǸʲôˣͷһΣҶ̽Ȥ
ǣһҵĸʰʱĸ̫ҽȴһõϢˣ˻ϵĺӣ׵ҵĻô˿ĺӦҵģʧǵ뿪ĸ޹һܵƹȥȾƣǴҵȥˣΪŮֻԶԶؿҲ޷صȴſ˱˱ɫϣܵĸΪ˸ҳͷֻǣֱ˿̣ǱȻǿͰˣ·ûз䣬ǶĸǶҡ
Ҳ֪ǲ;ǿĸԣҲ֪ӦľԵһȲǷӮľ飬ѵûҪˣʲôһȰǣȴִ˵ңĸáʵʲôʱҪˣȻҲϲȴҲֻµʱԼľǿͲ䡣
ҴסˣȻ쳯ŮлģȻܲɣµߵһĨƣ˾ȣʱųһֶĿȻȥҹѤŵ̻˵ע⣬һǰȻʧɫ
ҳԾؿŷΧȥ鼱֮£ҵʨ׷˹ȥָңڣ׷ȴǿرսֻܾͣһͽ͵ͼƷۿԽԽҵҲԽԽңȴֻ˫һţ˾ȻһߣҸϽסϹȥ쿴Ȼûһ£Ǵӷɳ۵ˤҲǼɵ飬Ҳ˵òᣬֻȴȻǿؾܾҵİ
̫ҽأ³ѪԹȥҲﾹȻĪľ֣ôȥèоģصһҲ԰Ȼģ𣿴˿̵飬ȻûȥԼ¶ĹУʱѾϰĴڣ뵽ҵأ



ֻۣۣûǱ˸˽Ƶ۵ƤҲصòУôҲУҲܾôˣһҪ̫;ҪƺûкӹҲ
ڣ۾ǰľһƬģ˺þҲſԭԼĴϣˣˮȻҵǰͷһУ˳ȥ
ҲЦֲթʬôС
һһ˾ӿҵӣϿΡ˵˵ֹסľϲ
̫ҽ΢ָ˿ŵҵϣ˰Σ̫ҽ˵ˡϢǻƽȣֻ農ʱգܿ
˵ûˣʻǾ
үģ޴󰭣ֻмۣҪġдӣעʳɺˡſԼ첲ϴżа壬Ƕˡ
л̫ҽܹܣ̫ҽȥͣЦŶ̫ҽ˵
ҵҵǽܣ˷ȫ̫ҽǫѷ˵
ˣǸϿȥ̫ҽķԸ׼ԵģԸȥ
Ƭ֮䣬ɢøɸɾֻʣҺ;
ôЩ𣿡Ҵҡ
ûп˿̵๫زϲ
㲻֪˵öأҲΪ㡭֪ͣͣѾ죬̫ҽ˵ҪٲѵĻɶȲˡҡ
ʧɣҷԼɤӺ˻ƣǻ˵
Ծؿңʲô˼
ˣǺܺͲòĸҸʲôɹûʵҡҲ룬ҸʲôҸ˳ɱˣ𣿡Ȼ˵ô໰ҺȻЩֻؿЩۡ
ʱסˣô𣿡۾ֱ㶵ؿҡ
ҪȻҸ룿ؿڷۣҶؿڣȴؿھҲ˺һ㲼߹Ҳˡ
Ƭ̺󡰲ô˵žͺáվúϢʲôµȲ˵
ΣҿЦ£̫ﻹ֪ʲôأأҿʵûбҪôϷڰҸǶ͸ֻôףһ˻㣬ֺαô̫ҽ˵ǰϷأ
⣡ڱˣúŰɣˡ
ߵſڣȻͣסˣͷңŲţĺܸѹ
û׹Ļ˼ʱ򣬾ֳ˺ڰ֮С
üͷˮ˸ҵĿҩΪ߹ǶˣҸֻܶڴһһ׵ιңҩ࣬ҵԸԼ۾һȫȥûôܡ
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УôţúͲʲô𣿡ЦЦȴǣؿڵˣüͷ
㶼֪㵱ʱжˣмӿ񱼵ˤܻŵģЦŶ˵
̫϶رʧɣΪ˳ؽľֳأӲֻˡ
ɫ˰ɩ㲻ô˵ĸģ㲻֪դĸǵһȥ׷ˣңԲѵʱߡĸǰй˭ϲ㡣ң۵ĵطҲ̶ְġ
Ҳüͷҹ̶ĶϹǣ⵽ã֪Һ֮᲻Ǹձǳ֣ʱҲԹȫµҲֻ˵ã˵ϾǴ򣬾ûнӺùͷʲôҪҪԸҽӹͷǺǣǹɱ˲Ѫء
ô㲻ţüҡ
ϲңҿЦ£Ҽ̫ʱ̲̫󼸴Ҫ֮㾹Ȼ˵ϲңǻ֮
ҲãҲգ˵Ķġ
Ͼûлָղָ˵ôĻô˼ʱĻ̣ͷҲЩˣһɫˣ̸ˡ
ʵ˯Ҳ˯ȣҲԲΪϵˣ˯ֻһƣؿڻʱʹ֮Ժ˯ڴϣھڴĥڳԣΪؿˣ̫ҽֻܸҳϡĺĶÿֻܳϡȻǻϡҼӸֺóԵĶۼʲôϡϡԾ˶壬һôڴһһ׵ñ˸ιųԣ͸ˡ
Ժ䣬Ȼ泳֣ԹȥǸȴԽԽԽԽ
һûпأѾȥѵˣԴ֮ڸĵλƺ˲٣ź˶ˣˮҲʼˡ
ﳳʲôأӹǲŸ˯ЩǾôСүǳԲ˶ߣǳ⵽
С£үѾԸˣ˵һŲôǹˣ˵ʲôǲһСģ⵽
󵨣ʲô˵Ȱۼ̫ĳ¹ǵּģһϸϸ
˿̵ҾԺԺˣ۵ȥǸ¹нҵҪ̫Ҫˣʲôơ
ˣ̫ڴּǸ¹ϸЩͷۡ
ּ̫֮·ӣͶֻһλүź̫٣ָָ̫檣ǽźЭǸ̫һ֣õŮӣ
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ҵͷˣôôְ
Сģ檼¹æ񣬶ʱһƬݺϵ֬㣬ҵͷˡ
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ͬˣһۡ
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𣿡ҡ
ǶȥɣϢ£ͷ۵ýüͷ˵Ǿһ£ʱɢ˸ɸɾ
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˵һж֡ˮ˵
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ǣǿɵĥĥôվסŲУǿాôãòεͷˣǿɲܾô˸ˡ
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üͷһһڵغѾιҵҩҩҪж࣬ںȲȥˣȷһ߰ɣҵȻٺȡƿιҩӡ
̫ҽ˵ˣҩóȺȣ˾Ͳˡз۵ѾȰҡ
ʵںȲˣһ߰ɡôҩٺõҲܲˡ
۵ûа취ֻðҩŵԱߵİϡҩɢҩ㣬ҲЦҩζûͦģģһܿˡȻһģҩҩôζҶʱֽһѹʱ䶯Ļļ£ͷĿѣˣҲӦôذԭ֣ǰҩʱֻϽҩ꣬Ѿһ׽һ׵ιңûй˵ȥҩζҪǽʵںȲȥǸͲֵᷢġ
꣬һξʦ̫ΣΪһ̫СûдҳȥͰƽʱڵʱĹǿӣһ˵ùȥһߣ̿ʼָʹҸɻˡϴ·ɽȥҰˣҪɵĻ
Ҽǵ죬ҴɽϲҰˣϴú˹úҳظÿλʦװϲ˺ͷװţŵϣΪСС˺ܶ˲ȫźãȻֵȥӣʦԷ
Ƚ˳ʦ̫Ȼؼǵ߽ʱı飬ı߽һ˲Ȼˣ£ҹ
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ɵɵؿ֪ʲô
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ûֲҪǳ˵ĻͻļĻţͷҪǳڳԵĻͻȫֱȴκжףνɱΡʴĲϸ΢ζȻԺŨСѾͷ֪˶ֶСѾͷȻҰֶǳԣνЫĳ˳ݺݵ˵
ʦ̫ûСҿ˵
ûʲôն񶾵˵벻СС;˺ݶСԴȫǣ˼֪ͼҲͰˣȻıǣֱ֮
һʱ֮䣬ĹǶѵ
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ʦ֣ѾͷȻʴĲǣ˳ʦ̫˵
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̫ҽ˵ˣҩкôǿЩǿҩιȡҩ룬Ҩһιҵ͡
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Ķɡҿ˿ȥɣҲϰǰôˡһӻѾߡ
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⣬ƽȣ˵Ҹˡ
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黬ϸļ֮Ƭ̣ڿˣ֮ǰָպþˣ˼ϸĵػָ򣬷򣬡˿ң˵ˡ
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ְףǳְաҽӴӡ
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ʲôô˰Ұһۡ
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һҵӣ̻ˣǲֿʼˣȥһۣȴҸƿˣҹһֻǰʱһڣʲô֪ˡ



ӳǾǵӡ
ˣЦ˿
˵ɩƢҲ̫ˣǰŸߣôžָĸˣҲˣ˵Ϊ˸ҩ⣬𣿡ੲݵ˵㶼֪ղŰ̫ҽ˸¾ȲˡԹؿһۡ
ȲǺˣʡ˿ҰۣǧټƵҪҡб˾һۣؿһۣȴʲôû˵
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᣿ҿЦ£ҲܶˣǾԲ
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˵Ҳû˼ѿҰ˾һۣؿֿʼʹ
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֣ҪĴ־ͺˣѵҪ¶ңһ˵˺ãǲ𣿡Һ޺޵ؿ˾һۡ
ʲô¶㰡ôװĪؿһۡ
㲻ף׾ͺáֻĿֿʼˡ
ǲˣˣ˵ˣϢɡ˵
Ұ㱳ܵЩù鶼ɣЦ¡
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ǣȻˣҲԶֻ֣ҪƤӣʹɫ֣ͶԶ֣ҷ̵˵
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Ҫʲô׵ĵطȥĸ磬ȫףҲְ˰Ŀڡ
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ǰɩȰҩˣҪӿ࣬Һĸ۽𣿡ҲȰҡ
ҺȻתͷЦˣôŶ۵⣬ôһ붾ҩźңģ֪ҶҲˣھǸҶ˪ұ֤üͷؾͺȥҲ㣡ʡôϷ࣡
ðҩһţȲȣ
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ȻһЦû˻ҵĻģҵȴְﲻҵæ뵽֣סҩ룬ȴԼֶҰҩٵߣȻһЦȻȥΪŵģԲҩ֭©˳Ūʪҵ·ͱӡͻľٶŴˣһʱûзӦƬ֮ŸϽԸѾ߹һ·ͱӡ
֮ҿʼĬˣóҩҩóԷԷȴ˵˭ҲҲˣֻǷƾô˵ҶˣʲôаĪҵˡ
Ǹū˵仰ˮС˵
ȴֻʶ
㣬иʲôз˵һСѾͷؽͨ˵
治ͷӦôʲôûأû𣿡
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ˮЦˣڿ˵ˣʲôǸʲôн
Է֮ͬĸܷһݣһžͶ˸
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һֻǳҽηУ˿
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ˮƵؿ˿ң˳ó˺ӡ
мƱҽ򡣡
ˮ˿ңǻǰҵķԸˡ
ǼŰƱ룬Ӧù㿪ҽݣˡ
ôҵأ򲻸ӡ
˵ҸƱǰ׸ģպ㿪ҽݣƾҽЩ֮£Ǯ֮ǰҽҲҪҽΣѸҩвɲݲݴ¡һ˵ôֻ࣬ĿЩۡ
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صͷƱҳ֮ʱƸҵģ˷ҽݣҲֵˡ
ʱһСѾˣҩˡ
ˮϽ˹˵ǰȰҩ˰ɡ
ںҩð˵ҵǰɫȴ˱䣬룬ųʴĲݣԲŻ
ūιɡˮҩ˴ϡʢҩӵݵߵʱɫʱò԰ס
ȥɣպҲˣԻȥҽݡҶ˵
ֳҰһݣվ۾ȴֱˮҩ
𣬼ס˵ĻУÿ˶ÿ˵ֻҪҵķԸȥͺˣҪġҿȻ̹ȻˣҲϡͿˣ뻹и֪ôģǣҲܰ޿ɾҩˣһ˽ֻǶģ޲
𶨶ؿҰ죬һݣŤͷˡ
ҺҩˮҰκ
ǸԴԼϲĶɡҿˮ档
ǣ㶵ؿҡ
Ǹôˣûеùʲôôൽǳ˲٣͸øʹˣֻһֱûжϹԲŵڣԼɣϲĸĸ
ˮ濴˰춼Ҷ֣ðɣӸʹҲǳе¡ҿǣǲҰˮѺӷŵͷ
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ôصĶū澾ǼҲˮӹС˵
˾ǵģҪһܻǳ޵ʱҾ׼ݼױЦˡ
Ȼǧл
ЦЦЩƸ޵ģǮȥ˻֪䵽˭أǣǰľź

֪

ָֻ֮˳ĬֿʼһԲˡ
ˮιҩȻһָˣһȻ
ȥ¸ɩ˵˵
ˮ֪ؿңҵͷʾȥ
ҩʴĲݣɫ԰׵ؿҡ
üͷ˿ô֪ʴĲݣһѰ˼ѵǷôǽˣ
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Ƿ˵ģҿ
СȥҸϺüΣǶûңҶֲȥſһޣҡ
һΪʲôҵĻҪأǰװ׵ض˸𣿡Ҳ̾˿Ŷ
㻹ˣҪʴĲݣµ㣡
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ʲôôˣ֪ʴĲݣﻹҩ
˵ҩж𣿡ҿһۣͷ˵ˣ֪ˣôʴĲݣ֪ˣ´أ´أʲôʱǸͷˣôţô۵ûţ˸ɴ࣡
ЩҵĿֿʼˡ
Ϊĸµģҡ
ң˭ôҿ˿ˡ
߰ɣ͵ûзǸұҲϣ޹ˡ
ⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ĹϵˣԼòãˡ
ô밡ԼķţԼ׵úҪңȨƵˣƵô찡εЦЦ
ؿҰ죬һǲĸôУҵȥʸף˵ҰȾߡ
ûΣΣͿ̯˺ͿʹףҲͿʵļ¶Ҳʲôʹ飬ܺù̫Щ߰̾¡
ϣȻˣ滹˸Ŵˡ
ǳеһҽݻشõĴ򡣡˿ңŤͷǸ˵ȥɡ
ָҵϣȻɫһݣȵ̧ۿ˿ҡȻҵѾ˵ƾͿݵĵزˡ
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⣬̧ͷ˿ң֨
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˵ļֻ֮ҪĵԣŭϲҲûʲô󰭣ǲղŸȴأȻ˵ƾͿݵĵزˡһ˵꣬㷲ؿ˿ǡ
Ҳ۾Ȼ֪һ˿˵ǾԳܡ
㣬֪ʴĲݵĹЧƬ̣ɫѿʡ
ʴĲݣԾؿүλֶ֪
ֻܻشͺãҪʡһۡ
ʴĲݹ˼壬һĶݣ˲Ҷϸ΢ײǶ԰Եж֮˻ļ£Ļţͷ̵֢״ڷõĻ߻Ϊļȫش𵽡
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񣬲ղȻ˵ʴĲݶ֢״ļ֮һģԣԲĲҶⲡǲǸʴĲйء߶µػشʱһƬšЦˣֺαôݳⳡϷأ¶֮ǰȻʴĲ֮޴Ӳֺαضһʴأ
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ȥɣܼԻġ˿򣬡УһֱڼҲûȥʲôҲû˵Ҳʲô֪𣿡
϶񣬶߶µˡ
Ϊʲô˵ɫҰ׵ҡ
˫ֱʶһԡ
֪ҩʴĲݣΪʲôҪԣ鼤ҡ
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ĸۡǻԴͻʣû˭ĸۡҡ¶ҳЦ£ˣΣΣȻˣֻϣԺ󶼲ҪٳҵǰҲҪϷˣˣٿϷˡұ۾
ŲţĲ֪飬ģһˮʯɫѿ˵
Ҫٲˡҵؿһۣѳɶֺ֣αȥ׷أ˵ˣΣǶ˸ѣ˰ɡ
ɩܾôˣ²Ūףĸ֮ĽԶ򲻿һֱûпڵү˵ˡ
ģˣһжԹҲȻ˽ˣֺαضһءǳǳһЦ
˵ҾͲţ֮󣬾ûܹʴĲݶġȻƤЦ˵϶ǸղǸɹŴҽ˵ǵġ
֪ڿοңԼԼڵңԽԽҶļ̣֪ʴĲݵĶжҲǾȲ˵ˡ

Ứ

ôҳԾؿվǰˡ
Ƿ˾רŵץҩҩġشҡ
Ѿ·һˣֺαزأҪҸ϶Ѳ˸ϵҿ
ûѵＮνˮ֮ӿȪ౨ĴǷǶΪ
ҿЦ£ɵȥҽݣȼˣαطҪ̶ˮأ
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ˮڼˣ
Ļˡ
ŶĻǶ˰ɣν°Ƶ˵
ɲһӻˣҪūȥժ֦һ濴ҡ
ˣ˼һúõس֦ͷϣƽ޹ʵذ˼ժʲô
ɩ⻰˵ˣĸѾѻժˡЦ֮һɵĻ㡣
Ťͷһ֦һվſڿҡ
ѾʶȤȥҲĵˡ
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ǲϲժ㲡ˣҴȥòãЦҴ¡ʹ̫ҽˣٹͿԲаˡҡ
ҿڵȻ֪Ǹнľ֮ˣ۵ʱҲˣǸҵɡ
ҪʲôңȥŪҲ˵
𣿡
㶣ȻЦˣаҿˣ㲡ˣҴȥòã
㵽ϸ򼸸˰ɡҿ
ˣôȻǸˣҡ
˵ʦүҰ﹩ţպöҲָͶ˼ءЦˡ
ɫȻˣ˵
Ҫ飬ϰҾȥ˰򡣡ҿһۡ
˵ˣ֮ͷǵ𣿡
Ҳش۹ȴƿһϣ֪ҵ᲻أ
Ҳ˼а壬˽µļа壬ҾԼƤƤˣҳš
棬ȥŪͰˮҪϴ衣ʱڴϣ˵ϴˣéڴϽ
ˮˮһ߰ϸϸشӣҿ˿Լӣ߹Լɼ
ƤǺãϸֻƵġˮЦ˵
ûпڼа£ҵƤѾֳһֻҰɫԼѿҲΪΥĵؿҡ
ϴ裬ˮźҴ·̫ҽ˵ˣӸպãܾƽʱǶЩá
û˵ȴ˴ͷƿһϣһȻʼ䣬ߵ鰸ߣΪò·Ѳ̫㣬ȫ˰ҰĦŲڷϵ
Ҫд𣿡ذֽ̯
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лɻ죬˭
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Կл䣬Ǻʱ
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ǽȣҲû´ô͸ǦƵġ
ɩϲˡүЦе˽Ȼֵؿңڸʲôأ
û𣿡бһۡ
Ѿ߷㰡ǽʲô
ʡʡɣŶĵطһ·ԱټѾߣתѣʲô·ҵһۣˣղŲ˵Һϲʲôϲ
ŶˣղһͣˣһӣҲһۣʲôҽͰϷΪ·ˣʥּѾˣӻûãĸӵּ
Ҫôʲôҿ
Ҳţÿ»֧ӡңŮӻ֮ģҳǵһ˷ܵ˵
Ұһۣû˵ҲգҲãҶνԣֻϣԼܹңػҰ֮䣬ճ飬ꡣ
,Աɽ.䳾,һȥʮ. ,˼ԨƵġ԰ӡż۽ɨſڣվſƳؿҡ



ʰʲôֵؿǰæµѾǡ
үԸˣҪᵽԺȥסءϲ̵˵
մĹ涨޾Ӷ檾ϣӶӱ֮λԴӽ뾴һֱסϱߣԶ׼ûȴֺȻðôͷҿǻǸꡪûġ
Ҳȥ˵ԱߵѾǶʱסˣȴֶҿ
Ķ˯һ̷ԣ϶֮ǰסĵط
ǶԺү㲻ϰᣬͳ˯ŵʱˡ˵
һƱӣȴΪͻȻؿһʹҲס˵Ҿ˵ء
Ҵ򿪷ţվԺȥү˵ҪǲһȥҾһֱվţ
ĲŸպãɲôڰϽ˼£ȻĺǵȴϮˡ
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㲻üʵװˣҸ㣬ǲסģֻҪ㲻һȥҾһֱվţǿžĵʹ˵
Ѿˣٰòã˵
㻹ǹװ˵İҺȻסĿڣĿԽԽĴʹҶʱǰһڣ̱˵ϡ
ˡһ۾һܣҿ˾ͷ
ļ֢֮ɶŭʹϲԺвһˡҲһ
ǲ߷Цеض˵ɩԺɱٷôƢˣ㶼֪㷢ӶǸˡ
ҰһۣҲҪס
ǶԺɩססʼҺ
϶ׯӡɣҺȻ㶵ص˵ͷׯӡġˮƪһ£ȥׯӵة࣬ׯˮ㣬ͷҲأض˵˵һֻ꣬˿ǧˣ̫˵ֻڹԸʬ𾴣Ըβأ˵ȻǺˡׯ˵Ǻãλ㣬βɡҿڿûмͷˣǵҪǾôȥԲżŰҸԲԣ
תȥû˵
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˵ǲǣЦˣȴʼ˵Ҵˣеأ˵ĵǱȳĶȴûٸ캦£һĿֿʼˡ
Ҳ˵ˣҲ˵ˣ𣿡ҵӸŻˡ
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Ҹ˵Ǹ취ҩأҿ϶κáοҡ
ʥ΢˵
ôʲôֵʡ
ôˡؿڡ
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ҡҡ֣˴ϡ𲻾ǰһϸľ鹫ңȴ߳ԺûС׽ŪˣѤķʽ󣬼̾͹ںڰѤ̻ת˲ͻҷ
ڶ죬ѾߵĲ˽
ôͻȻҪҲ˽
ȥʻҪʹͰҳһЦҪǲҪԺûлˡΪϵ΢Цģת˲ΪҺĻɫ
Ѿץʱҽҩˣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡʵȰҡ
ԼԼ֪룬ѵӺܿҪˡЦˣǽѣҲǣȻģȴ޿κΣǣ뿪֮ǰҪΪԼȡһ
һҪô˵𣿡ؿҡ
ȻΣҿûˣûбҪϷˡ
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ͷڽϣŴ˻ϸô˵źá
檲μϡҸ£ͱϸסˡ
ˣոܹˣӻδãͲؾЩˡ˰;
лϴ
ˣľıǸ쳯ˣֻɺС񣬼Ӯ㣬ȻʹǵȱֶΣҺûʲô󰭣쳯ӶȻ̤ƽƹһߵӡ
Ϲˣ檵𡣡
ʲô𰡣޵Ϊ棬˾ǴӺδѧأ˵ţϵһ˫۾ؿҡ
ǳǳһЦɽҰ֮䣬ʲôֵġ϶ҵ²ȫ֪Ҳ֪ʮ֮ߣͲฮﳤġ
ȻЦˣĵܣøô˫ȫϱ
»˻ϵĴͻ顣Աߵľվ
ϣ檽ʵһ󡣡ҧ촽˵⣬ȴ̫ͨˡ

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Լˣµġϰ˰֡
ǣΪѵؿ˿ϣ檵ӻûкˬһҪǰѲ檾ﰡ
ǺðɣȻӻûȫãȻȥɣʲôʱȫˣͽʵҪǷ䣬ҵĵãҲҵĴӣϼ׵Ĺϵ¾͸ó߶òôġֿ˿ܰȥЩ̫ҽҩֻҪ⹬еģ;ã
Ҹ˳Ϊ˲棬ǴӺߵģ뿪һ̣һͷȥһĴӰӳҵ˿̵죬ȻλֻлʺܴŵĴ·ɼڹ֮λһʲôУиĸĳ谮Ժյļ÷ˣʲôУʲôȱأʲôûУûиĸĳ谮ûм˵ĺǻûпԱҵˣǼʹȴȻҪȥΨһСҵ
뵽ҵĿڲһʹԱߵľҵĲԾôˣңȴһƿˡ
ҽûм㣬ҾͻôȥǣȻҼ㣬Ҿ;ԲԸĬĬȥҪƴԼʹ޷ͬھҲҪǲð
֪ʲôд𣿡ٻȥ·ϣʾ
Ƶؿһۡ
һڻǰ˵ʲôǵĻԲǰ֪ͨݵģ𣿡΢Цſ
˵ǣҲŵģ𣿡һۡ
Ҳţ㲻˵ǣЦˣʵҽûдҪ˵κβǵĻĵؿһۣңȴʲôû˵ҽּҵģϲͬ⣬ҾּҴӻʼҵгǰУҲԣĵؿһۣȴͷŤһߣҲǰ˵ۣ˵·ҪᡣջʼҵĹأҪģҿɲϣ󻹸ҵһ𣬡ȴȥһϣҪһˡҲЦˡ
㲻ģȻתͷӲض˵
ҲôҪˡҺȻЦˡ
һʱסˣ֪ҵʲô˼
Ҫĳ˸֣ˣ룬Ҿʰ㣬̫ˣϧҲǰ



㣬˵ʵ𣿡ʱˡ
ʲôֻʾǣһʵԸ档
Ǻã㣬һܻãض

Ҫ滰Щ׻ҿһۡ
֪ʴĲݵĶʶͷΣļ£ǽүһֱ˲ΪǿֻҪʱգòҵԽʴĲݶҩܷ尲
ؿαϣ֪˼ˣ˵ÿʱÿҶΣգԲԣҲ˯ˣѲˣҲţ͵ˣ𣿡ҿЦ
˵Ȼ˽в֮ɺ˼룬ر֮ˣӲӦ˼롣
˷󣬾ߣټң˵Ǵ³һɽּ˵һȥ
ȥʲôüͷ
˵飬˵ȥˣĺءЦſҡ
𣿡ҿҵĲˣĸҪ뷽跨ضԸңǲǺģԲŻҪ棿
ĬƬ̣Ȼסҵ֣ҵΪԵʣǱģִů֣ҵȻһʫ˵ģִ֣֮ϣǲǾģϧסֵˣȴܹͷϵˣǲ֮زʹˡ
£ӦңĲûǲãԺҪٻѶԷˣúõùӣòã
ҿٿ֣ȻһЦҡҡͷгҵ֣ż㲻ҵˣҲ죬ϲҵãϵӣ̫ƻǺµףԣǲܺúùӵģԶܡ
£ҵ֣ңҺ֮鶼ѾȥˣѾȥ̫ˣҲӦԺ󶼲Ϊˡԣ£Ժúùӣòã
֪ʲôƪ𣿡Цſ˵ƭҵģͽйƪ֪ҾҪˣҪɹˣҲôƭҰҿЦ£νɽ׸ģƣԶ㣬̫ҲԶ̫󣬶ҲԶİʯҰѾͷԣֻҪһ𣬾ԶкӹܿҪˡ΢΢һЦ
Ҫô˵ңһۣҪôңֻҪ˵Ҿһĵ˵
ҿû֮ǰһУһĻᱻǰ˸жǣ˵ٺãı䲻ʵϷݵپʣҲɲʵ
˵ʲô㶼ȥ𣿡ҿ
֣صصͷ
ǺãҰɣҿȻ׵ɫҲҪһ̫ʹˡ
ҲӦҲӦ̧ҵ°ͣ£ңķ֪֮Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ұ֤ұ֤Ժܺõģģ
ҰͷŤһߣ㿪֣ԺԺҲŮˣǣǲԺģңҸǸûԺˡ
Ҳô˵ΪʲôҪô˵סҵļ
Ūˡ˵ȴ·ûƵģյøˡ
Ūˡŷ·Ȼ򣬸ϽɿֻоԼļʹӦˡ
Ū𣿸ҿеѯʡ
Ժ··Źţˮˮ𣿡Լļ
£֪ںȻô˵㲻ӦҸʱ俼£ɽٻشң𣿡
ҹŴЩһעԵЩһʧȥҲ޷أ۽쾴˵ĻĻǼ⣬֮䶼ǲܵˡ

ƽɽ

ҿɽķ羰ЦҪǻǰңͱıԼȥˣڵңȴֻϣ˸̧ɽȥڵ״ұ˵ǵɽϵȥˣɽŶ߲
ɽϵĸɫҰ֣·ԼգϧգҲвʱĥν乫Ψ׷ͷϲġӢ۳ĺ˰ͷν󱯣ҿ˿ЩҰȻЦˣ֪ʲôӣеǺδ϶Ⱦ֪ʱٳܱʱתһ룬ЦԼ˵ģԼ֪Լܻʲôʱ򣬻ȥ˵飡
ɩʲôأһüһЦģ߽ɡ
Ц¿Ц֮ˡҵһЦ
ĸ㿴ɩһЦɽϵĻҪȥˡŵضԱߵľ˵
΢΢һЦû˵
ŵǰ̫ƵƵعˣܹоĿеĶ񶾺ɱ⡣
ΪʾĳģԱҪɽסһޣɽϵ᷿ϾޣԼʹǻ׹ݣҲֻʱίˣŮֻ̫һ᷿һ䡣λΪֶ̫ŮԴɽûн᷿һ᷿ﵽҲ˸徲
ҹҺȻ˸ˣȻ͸̫ס᷿Ķһ̫ޱȵڷУֻվ̫ߡ
գ㵽ȥȥ̫һ£ôԸ⣬ҲֻܹԹԵߵȥ
ҸԼѡɡ̫˿ң˳߿ȥһ籣һӺһذס
Ц̫ȻҪˣû뵽ȻȲ
Ҳ˰ҵԼѡɡ
ҵһЦ̫ѵͲ𣿡
̫˱ģһɮΪȣ±ӿһ˼ҡ
̫ĳҶ±ӶҸǵˡҵЦ
ֻһӣҾ˰Ψһϣ̫ն˵
Ͽѡɣ㲻ѡҾ˰ѡ
ҿ˿ǸϣǹƵᣬ綾ޱȣ֮ܿͻˣʲôʹģ̫
ЦˣŤͷЩԸٺŮˣͲҹˣˣ
Ҫϻ̫ܻ˵ˣԼ֣˰㶯֣
Ȼ˴󺰣д̿ͣϣʱһƬƬ֮䣬ĻѣеҲ׷׳
̫ô죿д̿͡ʧ˽
ûϢ̫ѵһ䣬ݣҹ˶ƣҾϣ
ǸаݵĹŮ˹ҪƽգһܸƴһƴڵӣȴͲĶ֡ڣǱŶֵĺɫƱݹҵ
ƴѿݣײײȥе̫ҽܹҵ̫ҽܻ̫ҽ̫ҽס
̫ˣе
ʲôȥɣˣҲȲˣ̫ұֻû·𶼱סƵģѵҾûоҲ̱ڵϡ
Ȼұһֻǿ׳ĸ첲ӵֻ첲ͺҵĲϣҵĲͬʱһǾһɢźĽ
ʵ㣬ҲսҵĲӡ
ʱҲѾϵǰ͸Ҷ㿪Ǹȵ
ҲЦҵ湻ģպ˶ƣתͱ̿ץơ
ǲҶ֣ȴҲҾôŹֻ̿ͣǰΧס
·ſͬʱֵǾ
ɩҲˡ
ѾſĻʹ޿㲻ϳˡ
˴ЦҪĻɵϣ˵ЦһݣĻ͸ÿ
ҵĲӱյôĿڵʹȴһһ󣬻ǺµĶЧˣҲļµëˣҲЦ֣ҽ϶ǰȥˡ
ÿ˰ѽᵽҵϣƯ϶༸̣͸ÿ
Ͽ˿ʾ£ÿ·˾ôѺңһһߡ
Ⱥ˵ȻӸƵ±ϣû뵽øǵ·Ȼͨ¡Ҳǣ˭Ů̫ܳ󲻴ĶϱôΪҶŹ治Ĵ̿ء
ҸǣҪˣŮҲɽ·˰ȫĵطԻ˻еĽ
ŹòãһĽ
ٸˣУ·ɽȻӾɱ汳ģҲ㣡˴󺰵
ˣǲ·ġĵ˵ӱţĿڵĽʹһһˣϵҿǹȥˡ
˵Ļһ㶣ע⣬ĵشͷϰ˸ӡ
֪ҪҲҪҿЦţĿڵľʹǰˣоƣϣмǹңںҵģǣһ̣ҲҪǵİڲҪѡԼķʽսϷ
˱Ҹղ˵ĻŪ㶣ֽһЦ˵öԣ汳ģˣ˵꣬еýϴȥ
һʹܵؾ֣һˣȴԨ׹ȥǾ̤յһ˲䣬ȴȻһƣҵĺ󱳣Ҷʱ÷˳ȥ
صˤڵϣͷһ̾³һںڵѪǵڶڣڣΧҺģ̫ҽ̫ҽ˻ߵҽ߾һѭȥЦˣǿ԰ҵˣҵԼķʽѡôڴ̿͵ǲܹõ͢ķأЦˣȴس˺ڰ

Ȭ

ˣӳǷϲ
ԺʣͬʱԼ۾
ȻھﰡˮЦ˵ūȥүȥ˵̵ˡ
֪ɽһֱԵڣˣǰүһֱߣɽ칬м°нȥˡҪȻүֻɡҲϲ̵˵
СĸѰɡָҵϣȴؿ˿ҡ
棬ȼȥóĲԣ֧档
ҵôˣʷ
֣ԭʴĲ֮΢⼸ȴȻˣȴ𽥻ָ֮УȻָ糣ˣνչҲƵ˵
Ҳסˣ˵ҵָ糣ˣҲԼĶ䡣
ȷˡ϶صͷҪ֪ˣ˳ʲôءЦ˵
ȱǣҼǺġ
ؿңΪʲô
ҿ϶ҵȷʵû𣿡ҿҵָ糣ֻʱļأѵϣǴϲ֮ٴʱղı𣿡
˵ˣԣ㻹ûŪҵǲȷʵָ֮ǰ鲻Ҫκˣ𣿡ҿȴʼûп
ʱſڴ˾££
Ҳ˲ˣһץסĸ첲Ӧң
ڵ˵ͷҶʱһ̾ƣޱȣ˴ϡ
£ˣ粽˽
ôˣƣڴϣʷ
˸ոӻȽش𵽣ͬʱ͵͵ؿһۡ
ҿΧһۣû˵ղŸҵʵ̫ˣһʱЩӦ˾Ĳ֪˵ʲôá
ǿҵӣΪ˼֮˾ŵԵʣҲûжʣֻο˼ͳȥˡ
һ˾ڴϣְסؿڣܸо洫ֻǣĻָ𣿿ǣôأǲǷƭңǿ񰡣
ĥˣū澰Ѽˡ
Ұڰ֣Ҳˣ˰ɡ
˲Σ̲ģǶٺȵɡȰҡ
ҡҡͷȥɣһ˾

滹ȰңҸɴһ泯ţ󱳣ʡੲݡ
ֻһ죬û˶ȰҾͳȥˡ
Ҳڴϣȥ룬ûбҪƭңôĪغأȥףɵðյԴ𰸵ʲôأʵɵ÷ˣɴһȴȻڴű鿴
ôҳһְ˰ؿڡ
𣿡ϽչȴҸƿˡ
û¡ؿڣǰЩʱ˾ţض̣ǽȴûָоѵǺˣôĪغأҲüͷ
û¾ͺáҸƿЩΣڨڨ
ʱһƬĬԼ飬û˵Ҳ˾ôĬĬš
ԺҪˣ𣿡ȻðûͷûβĻ
Ҳֵؿţ
֪֪ľٶжΣգвǱǴ̿קŵºԨǱɱˡ˵
ҿкȻһЦҲĻһûˣΪʱڳÿһ˶ΪҵԵʶǸ̿͡ƴˣڻҲƴˡνض¾ɡ
ҲΪڻⷬ𣿡Ҳ˵
ΣҶġĵ˵ҵǰȴҺ¶Ƶӡ
ȲңϣֻԼܾԼؿ
ǲҡͷ
ʵǰɲŻǲš˵ȥ̫ŹңΪȴһƣ治֪ȥʲô
뵽ҵȴȻһƣҺµǾ綾ΪڻܻţҷҲû˵жļΪʲôѵǼңҲ̽ؿ˾һۣͼϿЩߣȴʲôƭҵĻĲ֪һ˭ĻˡУҲܾôǸڹҲҪװף
ҪϽ֣ҺȻˡ
ʱסˣˣȹЩӣˣٴȥòã
ΪһٵЩ𣿡ζ
ʱȻˡ
ҪȥҪھͳȥ𲻴ӦҶҪȥ˵һƱ˴
棬ˮźϴҳ⺰ȻŤͷҪϴ·ˣȥ
εؿ˿ңǺðɣȥԸˣ׼ӡ
סˮ֣ұ黨ͺá
·𣿡ɫ·ҡ
Ǽ۰׵ģûл·
ǲ̫ؾˡҡ
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ߵſڣѾڵˣҲҪӣҿذ̧Σüͷȥҵ͸ξͺˡ
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ﻹһλûа˰ҹ͸ӶУãԼȥ˵̧ȾҪȥ
Ϲ𣿻ϿȥͽȥµһãϽȥҹͽˡ
ӲãǽϵĽĶиĽϵĽӳȥɡҲ·ˣҲĽӣȰҡ
ǰţǹͺ˽ӣȥ׷ȥһ̧ۣȾͳֻýҺ˳

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ҿںȺֻûʱҲôڽţǴʱңȴҲ޷ص
ӸͺˡҶ˹
Ҳˣ˰ɡҵؿһۣǰߡ
ӲãӰɣˡȰҡ
ǰҵǲãԼĪˣҲ˻̫󣬶ԲԣҿЦޱȲãɫȴһ̳ȥ
һôҲſ𣿡ҡ
үǻ۾˵Ϲ˭һʼͰѶԷģ˭һʼĥԷģЦ
ǲϽˣһۡ
ϽǸڹˣҳļҶһɤӣǸϽæ˹үҪǸȥɡ
ǸźˡҶҡ
ȵȣҺȻס
תңǮҡҳҴȥҴ򿴿ҪûǮĻʲôɲɡ
һߣһѰ˼ôܰѺβ͸˦·Ŀ̯ӣˡ
Ҫÿһ̯ӣҶҪһѵĶȻ󶪸Ҷã˼ҶѾ˶
̯ӵĶҶҪˣǮ˸ҲͰǺˡҶһ֬ˮ۵С˵ǸСżҶʱȾܣҲ֪˶ٸ䣬ŸͣؿڴڵشҿҴҶ֪ԼĲˣǰʱӣôһͨſˡ
˸Ķҽݰסһ·Ĵ
մָ㣬ҽǰƽȣӰãûʲô˵
ûʲôж֢״Сʡ
念жһ˵ֵؿҡ
Ŷ˸ΣμԼ¶ˡܾòԾԲҴ򿴿
ЦˣǲǸζѣﲻؽ⡣
ҽݣһѰ˼ҽûаж֢״ɣﻹǲ̤ʵ·˼ҽȥҴ
ҽݿ˵Ķһҵ̤ʵˡߵϣŲõ⣬ˣζ벻ԼȻ漣غˣ첻Ұ
ԼԴò׼СɲٻȥǸ׸ȥˣеǮҲһһˣҪȻҾܰɣ˼նԱ˵ĻƮҵĶ֪ฮſڿͥУֵúܰ
ǵȻˣҪ˵˼ҲиȻûжӣ˼ŮȶӶСǸڿǻϸǰóӣ֣Ҫ˸ӵĻָǽĻأǵʱҶȨƾ͸˲ˡ
ұ·Ľ·˵Ļ˻ҾôˣǰԵĿ࣬ܵﲻȫ״Ȼ绽꣬Ȼں󹬣̫Ȼ߸ϣȻعӣȴôӴĵعӡҾôˣʹ߿𣿲УҵǹŵĲ´ЬģҶεˣЩ˵𣿺ߣƣֻǣڵҵôǶأҪôſʰЩ죬ֿȵأ
飬۾ûй˵Ͽ·һͷײһӣǸʲôӲģҵıӶײˡȻ̧ͷһѽҵǰվһˣӸµؿҡ
ιСײˣ֪Ǹ𣿡Ǹ˿ˣĿܹ֣쳯ˡ
㻹˵أûվ·ʲô֪˻Ϊǿء֪Լֽˣã׽Ū˼
С··ײˣô˵ҵĴأǸֱۡ
ǣ㿴·Ŷ㿴һվͼ·ռˣײǺģǿʶ
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ҹһˣȻǸ֪ľ鹫ǵĵһˣȻҲ֪ġЦŻش
ҿСľ鹫ÿǸ˿ˡ
ҲЦˣӣҷ㻹ͦ˵ģԷòã
ģɺǺֱ֡
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ǵ쳯쳯ĿˣǳԷҲ
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Ŷǲǰʱ˵ǡЦЦ
˵䣬СѾһ̽ţһ̳ľƸˡҳԾؿǸˮƵİһ̳ӾƸɵغȥһţҲת˲ͲˣԱߵСĿɿڴ
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СŻعæȥþˡ
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ˣǷǮҴǮһӷϣȻȾͱ¥ȥˡ
һ̵˳嵽˽ֵսǴŸſǽﴭò׳Զٷ񣬻ᣡܵÿ죬׼ñȥɡ뵽ؿվȴϾվǰ濴ңŸһĻЦ
ҲֹһʲôʱİôûпʱҵıһСôˣһͷһǸɺվұ
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ҳһŵʱҸϽȾܣɺı£оĿͷԵġã˭ƽʱ۸ҵģ

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һصЩغſڵļҶңͲû¹ˡ
ɻˣҪٲСǿɾûˡ
⻰ô˵úҪƵģбһۣЩūŶЩµȻѾҪȥˣ͵úúʹʹ磬Ժ󻹲ᱻǸ۸ʲôأ
СǸ˵ðǼҶ̿ʼ졣
ͲˣҿԺ۾㵽Ӧõģ򰡣ϲ˭ԼТˣ治֪ôأ˵ҾĿбӵؽ
һеϺȲ裬һѰ˼žᱻɺʰʲô
ۣһڲȫ˳ҿʼֹסЦ
ɩ㻹Цأּؿҡ
ЦްûذһۣȴڿʱֹסЦˡ
㻹˵أǸҲ֪ǳʲôģţǸ첲һҵֹ֣סҡͷԽԵ۾
㻹˼Цأϸĸʰ㣡ߵߣ豭Լ˱裬ȥЦǰϵӣ޺޵˵
Ҳ˵
лһںõĺܣһұһͷһվſҧгݵؿҡ
ĸ磬ɩҲǸǿЦӲԣϽԲ
Цһûм˶Ը˵ģ޺޵˵
ʲôˣҳһͷѣ
ʱɫˣǲʶãˣ
׷£ʵĻ㲻֪𣿡ҹŲӶ˵Ͼ˵Һ㣬¾˵Һǣ
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Ҳøأ˵öģҾҪߣ
֪ʲôи𣿡ҧгݵҡ
֪ʲôз𣿡̷
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бҰҲ
ΪҲңöðˡ
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ڶ˸磬ϴúܵſȥˡҪŰſڵļҶңϽͷشк
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С͸ȥһҶϽˡ
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ˣүˣϽΰɡŤͷͽ˽ӡ
һ·˵Ҳֵø徻
˹ſڣҸ½ΣקסˣֻҪǸʹ˴ƽˡ˵
һͷ˵ģ
Ȼģһۡ
ǺãҴսȻһЦҡҷһ˲䣬ȻΣҳ⼸仰˽Ρ
ĸ磬ɩҸվſڣ漱ٵŤͷһæ
ҽ˸ȥ˭֪֪ԭѾˣҸϽؾƥˣ˵ôҸˡ
ãһ˻ʣԼ˵Ļأã֤ˣʡ˴˻ʣһѾס
ôһ˵ϽؾԱ߶㣬֪ҾͲˣ˵ɩͱˣвУҡ
г֮ʡ˳쿴Ҳ˵Ҵձò˵ҲظҪٲʶȤ˰ҪҰʲôء˵žͽ˻ʹ
˵ɩ㻹Ǻúÿǿǣ˹ѵ֪ĸ˼Ҫǲں㣬ôż𣿡ͱͱңˣҪ浽ʥݵǰɾûˣһͷĺ㿴ĸҪû㣬Ҳôĥĥںţǣ
һͷȥֻޱľľǲںǡ
ģߵҲߵǰʱ򣡡һȴȻû̾ˡ
һԵ״ֱðȴֲ֪׸ô졣Ȼҽһȣû׹˾ˤ˵ϡ
ԱߵС̫ϽҸɩû°ɣ
ҿԼ֣ѾһƤˣʹˡҲɵüͷúõģôˤأ벻ס
ɩˤˣɲȥϣǸϽȥɡϽԱߵС̫ʹɫǲߡ
ֻˤˣûʲô⣬Ҫȥҵһۡ
ڵӾͽ¹ڲ֪ôܼأȻȥϣ˵ţߵ÷ɿ죬һָС̫Ҹ˻ʹղǸ˹ŵľڵǽ·ɿ죬Ǻй׷һ
ҵ־ôˣڰҵְ𣿡Ҿ𱻷ñ㻹ֵ֣ʷ
źߣԱߴǿЦĿ
ȻǺأҲԵģϾϣһҪ°̾ͲˡЦ
ǾǣֳͣеС޴
֪ҵ֣֪˻Ϊأߵؾֶ˵
ǿЦû˵Ǽȴһһġ
ʱԴĶҲҪȥˣ⶯˿ڡҡ
ӱ¿ˣҿ˵֣ǽţõԴ𣿡
ţֺͽŵĽһġڨЦ˵
ļ鶯øˣ
ˣҪϢˣǶҳȥô
еȫʶȤˣñסͷ
û˿ڱı飬ʵϺͽҹŪġղڹԶҵĽţȴˤôܹ¿أʵڽҾˣҼȻ˻Ǽƾһ˵ǿ϶еģұøԼҸɽѣǿƸŮ̫ͨ˸ﲻҡ˼ȥֻоܰҡȻԸȴʵһ֮˵µˣǵĵλһ֣ɽһԩˣԣұҪҸİҵģǮƵĿɽΨһѡֻǣҲҿ϶ǰЩʱ˵ĵǲ滰Ҳ֪ǲϲңұҪٷ֮ٵȷҵ̬ȣΪֻҪһ˿ԥҾпܻٶٲľءǣϲңԸңôƾһ㣬̫ǸصĴԣڹ̽̽ûгɹңҲԵûƽֻҪ̽ɹҾҪھƣҪѸ߸ϵֿ̫ȵƣȫµ

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ҵ۾ǰķˣǲϳԡ
ٳԵɡȰҡ
ԣҿĿȫǵ֣Ĺĵ˵
үԷԸ׼ģͳɡˮҲȰҡ
īȥ߳ǸӸǲˣĲϲԣôʲô֪ʲôʱſڣطԸСˡ
һۣҰϵĲ⿪Լԣҳˮµ
Ƿ˵ˣǧҪ⿪ˮΪѵؿһۡ
㲻⿪ô԰ҳˮ𵽡
ˣǶȥ˰֣Աߵ˸Ͻɴˡ
ʲôι㡣Աߡ
ȰеĲ˶ԱҿҸɵ
ˡеĲ˶һڡ
ó𣿡
áͷ
ǸӲǲ˰ɣҿ
˵ֻҨ׼ιߣҰŤһߣֽ⿪ԼԣҪǸҵֶֻøƵģԼ⿪ˡ
˵ˣܽ⿪һ˿ڶ񻯣־ͱסˡɷнµ˵
˵ҺһۣⲻЩ˵С˿ڣʲô˲ģǰź˴ӶҪÿ쵽ȥϴ·ϴˣɽȥֲǺúõģ
ǰԹô𣿡
Ȼһ㶣ôǰ鶼˵ˣҵָ⿪
˵ˣҵָ⿪ˣ쵽ϴ·ɣȻҡ
ΣѵͿԲϴ𣿡ǰڱĺӱϴ·ʱΣѿ˴ӣһˮĵۣȴֻĵϴ˵·Ҿ֮ûС
ϵĲ⿪ˣҿԼ֣ССĲˣȴ¡֮شǰԼ˿ӣҲû˻ΪҲøɺԼøɵ顣
Ǿ쵽ҵĲԾҲû˵ˡ
ôˣֻһˣ˿ңּ˿ŵҵҿһۣȴּлص˵
һҪô𣿡ˡ
ңүһԾŶ˵㻰ҿɲһҹ䳰ȷ
ȻϹҲסˣһƾߡ
ߣҪǲĴ̶ˣʰ÷ģôҶԸ̫˺˰
ȥҶͷҡ
ţұΣҪҷԸܼҡ
ڻټ£ȥҲŵġȻѾ̹ܼ˵ˡ
˭˵ȥϵģȥ̫аҹһۡ
ȻУүĸȥˣҪȥܼЦе˵
ôôϻүǲŶܳˣҵ۾Ҳȥʲôطȥ̫ҵţ
ڽ֪ܼҿ϶ȥ澴ģҪľȻûȥ̫ﻹʲô˼أ
̫밲Цеؿ̫ҾͲŽ̫š
㾹Ȼû㻹ǸӲݣôŪ㶼ˣ˵ʲô̫˵Ļ䣬Ůͽ棬ˡ
֣һôˡԼĶӣ̫ȻðȴҲֻܼװ飬⵽ģ̫Żǹ˼Լǰҵ̬ȵġ˵ȷʵ̫ôҴϷЧ͸ˣ
ãӲһ򲻺𣿾Ͳô밲ˣϿȥϢɣۻˡ̫һȰĶԾ˵
л̫󣬶ǰЩʱȷʵã̫ĸѾȬˣˣЦе˵
е˶Ծؿң˵ʲôҡ
ԭΪԼʴĲݵĶ϶Ǳˣ˭֪̫ϧңɽϴ͸һᣬҵĻһ̫;ˡ
ôĵӣſڴƻƣ̫æסҡ
ĶſڴƻưҿؼǵɫأǿǺ챦ʯһɫ̫˵˵ȥ֮ܿͻЧ֮ɫǸöء
ұ죡̫Ȼû˸еķȺǣ벻˼顣
ѵͲ֪𣿡Ц
ҹȥ̫Ӻ
ãߣЦˣҽлл̫ģ飬Ǿˡ
΢Ц߳˴ûи֪ǲ壬Ķңҽͳɹ̫֮һңҲ飬ҾǳɹظԼԤһĹ
ǰŸսžſ׷ˡһסҵĸ첲ק鷿˳ȥУȥҰѷɫضԹܼ˵
ʱֻʣˣɫأ˭˵һƬƣֻŴļž
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үƽȣһҰ󣬿˿ɫ˵˵ֿ˿ҵɫȴֻǵһЦʲôû˵
֮ǰʴĲݶļ֢֮𣿡׷ʵ
ʵԴɽ֮ʱ񼸴ΪȻԲѣȴԽԽƽȣҲڻָ֮УѺ󣬲Ϊ;ȵطȻ볣죬Ҳѻָ
㵱ʱΪʲô˵ŭ
Ҳ˵ġ˵
˿ȥɡ˳ܼңȥ𣬻Уκ˽ӽ鷿Υɱ

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ɽϵ׷ʲôҡ
̫û𣿡
˵ں˵˵
㻹Ҹʲôҵͷ˿Լ֡
˵ʵ쵽׷ʲôļ֢֮ôȻˣʡ
㲻ţ˵ʲôãҷ
Ѫҩɾȣĺȥôܻţɻ
̾˿ʱ̫ӲҹʱҲΪԼˣĲˮƴȥ̫ҽǲųţȻ˴̿ͣҵʱ룬ѵҪʴĲݵĶֱӲ¶ҩȻֱ̿ץʡţҲǸ̿ͱǸɸ͸ƴһʹءҲŻȥ̿͵֡
ĸ磬ˣʱɩ̿ʹˣ˺ܶĺɫѪǲǴ̿͵һưɩڵĶƳˣɩŻøָȻˡ
Ҳ֪ҵʱҸͲţΪڰοңǣ쵽ϣ˺üԭûˣȴ֪⵽ô£ҿǣ룬ҲĶʴĲݵĶˣǴ̿͵һǡΪҴͨҲŻ漣صԿ
˵Ķģҡ
ţģǲţǼٵġ
ʱڳ𣿡ơ
Ҳ˵ֻ̧ۿһۡ
ҲڣԲԣеҡ
иаݵĹŮҺȥġûش⡣
Ϊʲô飿ؿҡ
ΣΣҿ
ǹȥĸģԲԣȻһץסҵĸ첲
ﲻһ£̫ŵĶӣڹﳤ˼Ȼֱ
Ϊʲôˡ
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Żôңȥ㣿ҡ
Ҳ̫Һ˵ģǣҼ˻ϣܲˣô죿ѵڸ˼𣿡ҿ޵ϡﻩʱ˵ˡ
㣬ΪܻȥΣȻؿһۡ һɷ˵ŮˣҪΧ˵ӺͰۣΪϻȥ𣿡һۡ
Ҿ￴ű˵İ۳ģٹȥǰӰˣʲôԵġҿЦ¡
㲻ŮԾؿһۡ
ƵԭˣΪ;Ȣﻳеȴǳף˶ķ֣˳ȥ߷֮ҡ
أʡ
Ҿˣﳤʲô֪ҵˮ
ô֪ģҡ
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㣬㻹ȥǰǸ֣ޱҡ
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ȻطȥϢɡ˿ҡ
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ȥԹôĿ࣬ôңҿʲô
߱ԼԹĿ𣿡ҿ˿Ц¡
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˵ˣҵ֣ͻϰߵġ
Ұִ˻ҲϰߣﲻҸôĵطߡ
ҵҡ
ңӦҵĳƻǵĽԵҲŻôĿ࣬ôؿһۣԣӦ뿪Ҳ뿪ûҵλãǶġĵ̾˿
أҡ
ЦˣǲΪǰΣͬҵʵã֮νԴ˵ˣ㲻ҵˣҲļż֮䱾ǸǴ󣬾͸ø
Ϊֻ֮Ǹ𣿡ĵؿҡ
ѵ㲻ҿ
û˵վˡ
˿ҶԼⲽûаգֻ˵Ƹۣˣ



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Ƶôҿ˿һߺӻ׵̫ҽ
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ĸ磬ģɩ࣬µġܰοҵ
ҵȴȻأ˶֪ӷɳ۵ˤµĺʲôǿ׳˶ܲˣοһŮ
Ҿغߣ˿̵ţҲЩҲϲĻң۾ҲյýģҲ޷͸¶ġ
£ѹɣסֻ֣ҪѹǾͺúùӣҲˡ
µһ˲䣬ҸоԼľ͸һʹ룬ѾҵҲѾųĴˣ룬һҲǼ˷յ顣
ʱһţϵʹԴԴϣҲ˵Ҫźȴʼհţ̫ҽ˵ޣҵĿʼػңѵĴشҵʧ
ĸ磬ѾüûкˣǸϽȥϢ°ɡܿƣ˵
ҡҡͷȴһٵظܾȥʱľĮѵĴ뿪ûϲ磿
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Ҷʱϲ˳ȥɫЩԺһֱŵҽҲѾڵˡ
ҽĻҵĶʱȻִӹŹһȦҵĮȴҿϲֵ˵͹ȡѵܿҶѵҪôѵ֮ھô֮󣬻Яֹ
֮ƺʮֻҪ˵仰ͻɫ԰ףϢ̴١ϵˬӢˣҲʹȴҲֻ̫ܶҽע壬Щҩ
һصȴ⿴ķ˲ٵˣҲüͷԸ˵Ȳ
̫͸ү檡ĸĳ¹ӭ˹
ҲͷؿЩһۣĸǶ£û¸Щ˸ʲô˵ˣڵӣҲûʲô檣ȻѾˣҲûж˵
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˭֪һصܾȻѾ۽ܸǸȹҽʿＮ⻹СһҵͷԸܼȥ졣
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ĸ磡Ҹջصܾӭ˹
л˵ǵ鷿ȥһקҡ
˵ʲôҼֱԼĶ䣬ʴĲݣȵҩôֶ
ĸ磬ֵ֮ûܣʵңҩʴĲݵǲ˷ŵģؿҡ
ôҲңҲҳǰȷЩ֣ʱҶĹǿģôܻ¶أ
︮˭ôı¸Ҹ¶ܿҡ
᲻Ǹſڿӣ˵ģҿУΪףҿǻҸȷ¡
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˶ϰɡҿǰɫ԰׵ա
ȻȻһЦүǸС˵ĻΪģ
Ҳ˵ˡ
ǸС˵˭㲻᲻֪ɣʵү¶˭ԲԣֻҪǲǣͱ˵ҡ
ת߳ķ䣬ĻʵЩ飬ҵȷЩɻ󣬿±Ͼ׽㣬ôôܻôأҵĺĪŮˣүֻԼǸŮӣʲô鶼ԼţնԸŮӣ
ˣȻֻ˵Ǳ֮Ĺϵûյƣ廹һȥҡҷڿ籩ĽСֻҪԲ⣬Ϳһȥ
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ϣԡҾ·͸ģȻھôĥ֮۰ûôǻ˿ίǣһôأңѵĴ㵽𣿰ҳĹ涨ҪģȻΪ˲ҺᣬȻȥϣûּҪɺϵظϵһ治֪ʲôǣȻΪĳҰŵģĲ֪˵ʲôˣҵƫ˵ʲôƺˡ˼Ҷ˵ʮͬɣ쳾棬ǧߣ֮ǲǻû޹ǧĸ֣ԲŻôĲأ
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ټ

ļ죬ûнҵӣҵ￪ʼˣѵߴˣֻµҩݣҲͷУҲôɵȥȫǱߣҲԴУ־ܣұҪȡжС
뵽ҿʼԽĥԼ׿Щʲôźá
ʲôأҺĸ˶֪ӳŴʱһ
ˣ˵ģ֪֪Լؿڣƽº
˵أҸĸôˣ˺üˣȴһֱ﷢˭Ҹۡ
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ҿеԼͷûйװΣֻڸ߸ķϲ˶·ͬɫĶɫľɫ˿ȹӵߣ߶ʱҫγһ㵭ĹΣȫȻûйװΣȴԽԵĶˡ
ҿԱó޵ҵףΪϴɽϵ飬϶ûֲֻ֣ңҸ㱾Թ޳㲽ƣűҳֶԸġ
ƹʹôЩ죿Ȼֹ˾䣬ŰĿջأתƹʹߡ
ҲЦˣ˲ע⣬͵͵ؾ˻ӣȻҲע⵽ˣƬ֮󣬻Ҹ΢ЦźߣԱȻؿһֵȴʾҿԱߣһбۣҧгݵؿҡ
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£һӣθߴԸΪ±һ˽ĿվԻ˵
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ȻƵƵͷΧȻҲʱͣԱߵλɫȴ䲻á
ӣ޾Ź֮ó˸裬֪ǷʵЦе
νóʵҵֹиϰףǷڣŮپۼԱ߳裬ŮԱ˴˶Ը蹲裬Ц˵
˷ףҲȤϧ޴δʶĸ裬֪ûЦ˵
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ֽϯǾȴڵģֻǲ֪ԸԸˣЦŰ׸ҡ
檲ʵ檵֮Ϊ˿ޣȫճȺ檲մˣĸ˵ʲôǶӹǫˣ˽֪ĸλҪһùķءְⶪ
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ʱƹװŮ˽йӱ㿪ʼˣŮΪ裬ӸͳȻס
ʲôüͷԺƹ޺øС
ƮİưܵȺϷɵӥϱ۵ĿԭʢʻеЦŰ˼
ô֪ǵԣֵؿһۡ
Ϊ˶һǸҰһۡ
仰Ŀɲֻһ͵͵Աߵľһҡ
û˵㣬۾Ҹʲôҵ˾һۡ
˵ƹܳرŮ֮˴˶ԳһǲǴǸԳңĿﲻ͵֣һﻹϴˡн
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ҵ㳪𣿡ЦؿƣİϷҲᡣ
һۣһŤһߣȴЦ⡣
ˮˡԱ߿̦ˡ
˵ЩŮӵ˸쳯Ļǲһɩǵȣ˭ĸðЦеҡ
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˵㱿汿ʵҪʲôɣеı֣أ
ҵĻû˵꣬ͱˣأɩ϶Բԣ
ЦЦ˵ˣʵȷʵͲʲôأ
ȥҺĸ翴òãͱͱҡ
㣬ҲԱߣˣȻġݡȻҪرˡ
ĹϵǹԵģתһ룬Һ;ֺ֮γأνһ¶ƣٵ顣

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Ȼ۽ǵ鵽ұˣľŹ̻عܹôҹվұ󣬶Ҳ˵ˣֻһǾȻڵûãôǼȥ¹˭ֻδ֪أ
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㲻Ҳǰҹز˯Ҳûػһ䡣
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ڳ裬㣬Բûпڽ㡣һۣûŤŽŰɣ
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Ȼһ˰ɣ־壬鶼Ҫ̫̫Э
Ȼ˥ֻҪܰﵽϵĵطǲƴǵġղŵܾˣҲ˵ºʹ鼱֮²αίɱȥ̫һĸӡ
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ˣҡҡͷ벻ȷһߣĿǰ֤ϻһֱҪҵǸѣȾܹҸȣ̫֮Զ羴̫֮׽ԣ͸װҳֶԸ̫ΣȻ谮ӣϵˣĸδоϾͿԿһ˵ͷֲǷǺڰˣȴΪ˵乫˵ˣôҲǴ£ҾͲĳ谮ܳȥҺͻ֣ҾͻܹҵһˡϾûĸʵۻϲһвԼλˣԣϻһȾʵѡϧû뵽ҲھǸ˵¹ˣ
ЩҾͿʼһļƻˣҪϽˣӻõҪĶҾͱӵлϸȤĶֻǣʲôǻϸȤأ
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㣡ҰˮʢĶǰһţϲ𣿡
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ЦˣȴȻϤӰŶǺƹӺӣÿ춼˼ӣչϸأЩūŶ̾硣̫Ͻҽ͡
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ڶ죬Ͻӽˡ˹֪ϴ˿ĹءҲЦЦȥǸð
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ˣǽþò棬޶޻ЩҪ졣
Ƕȥɣߺһ˻֣ҵˣֻһŮźҶһǷ۵ϴ֪ҵҩʴĲݺ󣬾ͽ˸ڸ˻ȥҲ۵
ӣƺòҡ
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˵Щ˼أԴ˾ߣ˲٣үʮֳңʲô鶼ң˵檻ҪúллϵĴͻءȻ֪ʲôܴ
Ȼñȹ׻ڡ
ӸСûã檾ͲﰲЪˡʶȤǣþյĵһ֪ġ
ҸߵһС·ϣһС̫ӭ˹뾴
Ҹ˻ϵ鷿
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ر£Щˡ
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Ѿѡˣ檻ûüлءҸ񣬱ϸסˡ
ˣ˵һˣαô񡣡ЦЦ쳯Ůлģ֪Ǵѧ˾տͼأ
ϣûм뾴֮ǰдԶε˺ƹڡһɾһλȺϮ֮ˣ֪ǺƹʿΪ˱ң̻ףȻϽˣͱԼĳ⣬ֻԻǰ̡
ѹͼ˾տˣȻƹڣӦ˵ְɣؿ˿ҡ
ǺƹĲ䡣̧ۿ˻һۣΪʲôôҡ
㻹ǵϴɽ̵𣿡ϵĻ涸Ȼһת
㶣׻ΪʲôȻôʣǻϼȻôʣȻĵ
Ǹ̿͵ʬ±ҵˣϿ˿ң֪Ǹ̿͵ʬ屻ҵ֮ô𣿡
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ﲿսǿ˲ƹ֮⣬ң޴⣬ȡ֮˼ˣҲãҪҪ˳ȥԼӣԺƹŻרȡ쳯֧֡Ͽ˿ҡ
ŶһȻ︡һʣȴóȻʣ̧ͷ˻һۡ
ǲʲôҪʣϵ۾Ȼ
룬ﲿΪֹֺ֧ƹҲûбҪɱϰһõؽ̿͵ƤȥǴ˵𣿡˵еɻ
ϹЦ֪ѧʶˣһȻǲ
ҵ΢΢죬Ϲˡ
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Ϊ֮ƣһʱѿڶ
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ʵͬﲿΪ𣿡Сʡ
ʶԴ˿Σϵ⽫ŵһ𣬿κˣҵ³̫á
ֻǷ̸֮˽⣬ͳ檵޼ȻųƺƵһˣǷâ̫¶Ļλ񡣡ʵҴҲʣһƹӣھȻԵȥιݲֺã⡣ٶԱϴγϺľΪ͸ˣϸľ֮ƣʮֱ΢ɡ
뷨޲ıϣϧв˱ļԻˣ֮ؽ¸͸һߵˡϻ˵
ҿϣ֪ΪλЩ֮¡
֮Ҳ֪˵̫ϲ㣬޵ĴͻйأԻȰ̫󣻲Ȼ˾޾ϣܹؾı֣Լ飬𣿡϶һڣؿҡ
Ӧţȴڴϵ˼ڻȥĽҿʼĥϺ˵ĻѵҪҰʾƣת򣬲Ҫƹѹﲿң뵽ҵﲻһ˿Ҳҵѣ֮δ̫ңеľΪŮ;˫ݣΪ׵ĳǸ˻ϲٵѹЩϲ˵ֻýҵ¡˿ڳеȨƹȻҲǸʡ͵ĵƣ˶մϹϵңҪıСĲС
ֻǣϽ鲻ܲ죬ǣҸҸʲôôأ
뵽ҲͷʹԼĶͷΪʲôЩ鷳أ



߽ȴӭͷ
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пܣȥܼҰɣҲڿء
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ȥˣڽҡ
֪ĻҸ㣬ɫȻ㲣ȴѾöˡޱ˵
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Ȼֵòɿ
գֹûУԶڴ󺰡
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㿴㣬ĸɩ˵ЩʲôЩҲסˡ
ˣգҲˣϿϴ¡ϾҲø磬˵ȻЩԹԵѾ߷ȥϴˡ
;ԹķŮ˵
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Цˣ㲻ôңҶŮˣ֪ʲôأҲòװŮģһ׶ûá
ô˵ǰٿĪ硣һҵӣп˵Сã˵˿ʹ
ˣûйϵûбҪ¥ѧһϣȻˣҪб°ѾסˣҪȥֻҪãǾԲġЦôá
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ǸɫˣҲˣҪָȮþҸ׵˼Ұ޹ȥɺãҿ
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Ҫô˵Ǹĸ磬Ҳ̫͸޶ˡȻζ˵
ⲻ˵ϻ𣿡ҿһۣҸĸ֮㻹֪𣿡
⻰˵ÿɹĵġʹ˸ɫҿǱȹ׻ڵ



Ҫǲˣҿ԰檸˻ȥҸҪ˯ˡ
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ҵʱˣ㣡ٺ˵˵СҸϳȥ



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˼ϣֻǣҺԶܵģȻѾԤϵ˽ֺαҪȥɵɵظأ

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ȵ촽ϵӡҵϺͲϣصĺҲͣҵļϣҵһս˫ֱǯסֻܸˣҵȸһ̾ͱˣֻоһѹҵȾ̲ܶˡ
ſң˵ƴ
ҵе˶﷢飬Ҳ㺰ٴЩҵĶ˵ʪȺŪġ˵ĻȴȻһѣүԾҺɤӣҲҵģԣֻԾˡǣҸôԼأҵӷɿſİ취
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ſڴϣ춼ûҿֻĬĬޣĲ֪ôͻȻǸղĺܺ£ģ
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ǲˣҵĺظţҡ
ҵ̺ˣȴȻû˵
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صԼķ䣬סԼؿڣհ̺ƫ̻ңҪͷˡ˿Ѳк󸣣£ӣ

粨

ȥҳˣҸߵǸһ̫ۡǲϲҵˣȻûзŹ̺죬ȴҲûңȻûа򣬿ȴҲҪÿ쳭ҳ𾭣̫Ϊ͵ȻҲǸģÿ춼գķˣ
ҪҰ㳭ɣЦ˵˵ߵɣԴմӹ֮󣬾ճңÿ춼ţҲϲߣҪˡ
̫һ֪ҪһҪҰûؿһۡ
үҩˡˮҩʵǵˣõҩĵز˼ұϾ̫ӰǣֲҩͿʼԴԴϵͣҿڿҩȿҩ¡
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㿪ЦҿһۣǸȵҩҺʲô
ǲҩ˭ȶһ˵Ҳʹ̫ҽˣЩѪҩŮҲܺȵġЦеذҩ͵ҵߡ
ҲŲһأֲҪѪԻԼȰɡҿ˰һߵһۣÿ㣬վû𾭰
ιҺȡʼˣʱ治֪ε״˵ĸ첲Դôһ¾ͱôأ
ԼûְΪһҳǺóİ
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첲ϣûҸ첲ϣʲôϵҵһۡ
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Ҳͷˣ㶨ҵķǱ밲سȥˡǷ±ʣҩ룬͵ߣ̵غȥ
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ǻ˵ǰʱٯʱҲסЦſĶڰ˲ߡ
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ɩͱȤˣҶˣôˣһյӡ
ŮֳʲôˣŪˣЦʡ
Ҳ֪ҸеԭһֱڹţǰȻҲ˵Ҫܣ˭ܲһǾʹӦˣû뵽ոֵøɿ˵Ҹܣҿ˭֪ȻҲˣҪܲɣڼְŪֻö㵽ˡһ鷳
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͸˵Ǹʡ͵ĵƣأƫ֪Ŀ˰ɣһ߳ŷ𾭣һ˵
ЩȻڹܣһֱ߰ģĸеԵҪܵʱҲŻһڴӦΪľܹЩҲɿЩ˵Լĳԡ
;ɢүûеθһְٰȻΪү͢ȻҲЩǸҪˣиöȿ֧͢ĲȻǱˮнþƣҵЩȻ׽⣬ΪֵܵĸãƽﾴҲûٽӼ
Ϊˣͣͣ𾭵֣һۡ
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Ȼƣûи첲⳯գˣǮ˭Ŀڴǿɾ˵ˡζ˵
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Ȼ˵ΪʲôôҪ˰ЦſһۣɱˣʲôطˣҪ˵¥֮УȾأУԲСҵĻ˵Ŀ϶ޱȡ
ҿɩǿˡά
㰡ҿɫˣҲ룬Ǹƾӣ˼ٴˣôỹö˶˵վĶأҲҡҡͷ˰һ㣬˹ҲɣҪ㣬Ҳǳ˹ְ
˵ʲôһҶԺﺰүȥɣ⸮ﶼҪֳˣ
һȾܣҲȥɣŮģʱҲȰЩ˵
ѾǼɹˣݵһ籣·ŸӣͷɢվڵϣҸ㣬ҪǸҰҽǸСˣҾ㿴˻ߵغ
үҪΪūҲ涣ӭ˹
ﲻ̾˿Ҫ˵ˣŮѾˣŮ˻ǲʹ죬ֱԼԼ
գڸʲôϽ𵽣ЩūϹ𣬾ôţŪЩūһˣϽְ˽ŵذ
㣬ȱˣȻԼȥҿѵ˵ͣġ
ӵؿһֳۣˣɩĻԼɡ
һҡˣȴڳǰˮ˻үȥūĶ𣿡
Ҿ֪ǹģȻôһ˵ˡ
û۾𣿾û۾Ҳû𣿡ǳ⵽ڶʲôʱˣȻ⣿ҿ㻹Ƿʰˣ˵ҳԱߵ͸һָҰԼ죡
үȡ
һۣҸص˻ȥֻεػӻ֣ţҽסЩˣҰԿҪţٵȥԿףŷˣҪ˭˽ԷˣүǣҿɲǣЩ͸һۣǾ棬Щ͸Ͻϻ̳Ͽֵȥˡ
ɩֵ˵һˡ
ˣϽȥϴϴúõһôҲ˿ЦȥҷԸҵѾ߰ȥϴ



ôǸȻмɫվǸӹ֬׷۶ѣҪɫϴһˣҲ֪ôͿˣƱسšҲҡҡͷ
ɩ㲻֪òȻҪؼƽ⣬գ裬ǵˮŮҪƽ⣬Բԣĸ磿Ѱ
һۣûأ̱ʹ˹ߣʲôƽ⣬ǱЩ˻ڴź˶ѣȻˣ˼ģôܱȰѾϴϣ˿վſ
ĻȻ˵úܶԣǱϾڼ̱ŪҵЩ죬ò˼
գҲǴǧô˵׵ĻҲȥںǳ
ⶼƵģԴӰǸ꾫Ȣ춼ǰģھȻҪѼҽܣﵽ׻ûˣί
ҹܵø߰㣬Ҫĸ羭ӼǣҿͽҲˡ⵽ҲһĲмʱı鵽˾ҵ̬ȡ˾ͬһŮˣʱʲôǺõģʱʲôǲģ ˵ѡᵽ覲
ˣǷޣαҪأȻҲϲǴ˿վŮ˵ϣһֹסҪҿ͸ɴǸͳȥԼסҲʡڸŪøȮҳ˸⡣
ǸҪÿ춼żˣЩԸˡ
ѵԸÿ쿴ǸǰΣ
ǱѸĺöóȥǸأȻеġ
Цˣ㻹ǹܲĵģ춢ţҪѶ˭ոҿȻ裬ĻȴȻҲǸŪȻǿӣֻǶΥ˶࣬١
ˣգɩĻǸųȥλţҲʡô֡ˡ
ǾǵİɡȻڨڨؿһۣɩ㲻ΪǰҰɣ
ҿһۣҡҡͷʵҲǸһˣһɷ򣬾ôһӣʲôŮ˸̵أԺֻҪΪңǲΪġ
㰡͸ѧѧɩĴȣ㿴ĸ縮ô檣ɩ˵ʲôһۡ
㰡ҡҡͷǲŮ˵Żô˵ģĶŮˣͲô˵ˡĵ֮̾ôʵΪΪݲñϧȴŮӶϣһһһ˫ˣȴϣҷԴŮ֮ڸϵҪ˵ĲͬҲѹֻôıˡ
ҾһͷﳭˣϾ̫󽻴ûء
˵Ů˵˼ʲôæòɿˡ
еģŮô룬ʲôҹ˲Ͽͷ𾭡
ǲǰ˵ģ֮ԻԴãΪǸˣûǸˣȻԴã𣿡Ҷ˵
֪˻ʣûпĿⶼǰҪķϡ
ԴףΪû𣿡Ȼĵ˵
õôԹ𣿡ͣ˱ûңû㣬ⲻǺܹƽ𣿡
ǿ϶ûˣҵû㣬˵ġվ˳ȥ
ﰵЦҲ˿ңϧȴΪʱҲǵˣҲˣ
ڸһҳķ𾭣Ⱥ̫С̫Ѿԥˡ
ʹ󣬽칻ڵģǵȰ⣬Ҫų𾭣治֪ǲϱǷЩ˵ģⱲôҡ
㡣Ъˮֽ˵ˡ
ҲüͷǸ̫ʲô۶˰ɣǿˮǸ˸˽
С﹬źĻӵСӡ˼˵
𣿡һʱûзӦʲôҡ
Ļ˵ǴӦҪٽȥģǵôöȥصСʣ֪ʲôʱпգ
ӦǸֶյ飬ȥĻӣ˵ͽ
ϲ̵ˡ
ˮȥǰЩķ֮ĶóһһݵذãҪýȥҷԸˮ
ĻĻӴԶؾϳˣɱûҸײˡ
ߵͤС̫Ķŵʯϡ
ǸģأĻӡ
Ǵ¿ΡĻѾȲشҸˡ
ϲ𣿡
ϲ˺ͷֵ۾ˡ
ʣ㿴ĻķݣȻŤͷһϲ֪ʲôʱߵˡ
ʱ޵⼸ӿûٸ߶㣬ΪʲôܲЦ߽ͤӣؾҲɡվͳҰڰ֣ʾ¡
ϴδӦ˵ҪǴЦӦĻͲסŷݸС̫ȥˣֻͤʣҺͻϡ
Ǹʯͼıˣû뵽ôɡ
ЦˣҲҪ㱧Сء
Цˣ޵ҲϣСֶء
ҵЩˣȻҵ·ŤͷһĻӣĻǶҷŷݣ
һͷϣЦˣǾȥĻӷŷݰɡ
Ļӣ㿴ݵôţסĻӵְֵ֣ؽŷݡ
ҵĶݿʼڿзĻŸߵ㣬ٸߵ㣡ĻֵôУӭŷţҲڷԽԽߡ
ĻҺĻӷŵˣȻ˽ңŤͷһǶӡ
ҰѷݽĻӣ߽ͤӣȴ澹ȻһӶ˲ˣҼĵ¹ӣģȴûмġ
ǿҲʶǣЦΪҽܡ
檼λȻ⼸λӵĸ˻ӣݱ߹οö࣬ҲȻʱ̵ǻϵĶ裬֪˻ϴ˿пգȫˡ



ǸӵģǸӵġùݸ˴ӺͶӡ
Ƿˡ¹ƤЦⲻЦ˵ĿǰǹеλߵԶ¡νˡ
ҿϻʣһʶӻûأҲʵ
ûΣ̫ˡԻӵĹ̺ܽϣʹǻӣɲ˹ҲҪġӵĻһ̹ҲסˣλɫȴЩ⡣ǡڴʱӿɥ˹
ɥŸʲôϿӣЩգ˲ӣҲŻ϶ԻǵĹιܵüϣйõĶӳ˱ѵ⡣
ּʹɫȻҲÿӿʺĸɫÿӷţȶЩˣҼ״ͳ֣ӣǳ檸ϲ𣿡
㷲ؽӹҵĶȴҴ򿪣ǿ˿ϣĻģ˺ˡɫԥ˵
Ÿҽ˹ȥɫȴֲңǸɴվԱˣ˳ְѶˡ
ϲ𣿡ҿЦŵ˵ͷĿϲ
棬ϻȥ̫ģûлشĹκúÿҪ㡣˵
ӵʱȥҲδ̫ЩϾǸӡЩ̵ز˲Ӷͷĺ
ôʱҲʲôѧҲۡϵĻȻӲɫȴÿˡ
ǺһԻǵҪȻҲߣֻϵӢϣػԣȻǻʹˣһʱѧģӵ껹СЩ鲻⣬ҲġЦ˵⻰һ˵ϵɫͻ˲٣ɫҲˣر
ĻĶȥȥɡһ£ҸĶȥˡ
˵컹һ˵ϵЦûͣ¹Ļν룬ſ㣬ҵļʡ
ǻ˵Ļû˳ءЦЦڴ߸֡
Ҫ˵໹иȻûжӣŮһһһһҿãĶˣΪǻ߳أ⾴ȻûסЦˡ
˵أõعˣ֣ŪóҲոˡЦۡ
ӴͬʱôĽû檾۾ءЦˡ
Ͽɵ˵乫أǽÿ¹۵ָҺʡ
ЦˣҪ˵ˣλҪˡ
˵ţ˽ĻǶˣŷݣĻҵ·˵
ղҾͿŪ˰죬ǷݲǷɲߣԣЦˣվŤͷһ߿ŵĴӣ˹ȥӣôȥأ
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ҿܲˣԼŰɡ߻ͤӡ
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ĻʲôʱȥӺȻչҡ
㿴㣬㸸ʲˣĹζûбأȥϽһСѵ⡣
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ҶʱסˣôȻѻתͷˣ
ǶȥĻѧ𣿡ڴʡ
ǵĻûпˡϹЦȴЦϼ޻֪«ʲôҩ
۰Ͱ͵ؿңҲﰵ˻ϾϺ꣬ⲻ԰ⶪ
룬ҿҲǸĺӣҪǹԹԵʺĸĻÿѧϰΣʱҪǸˣˣĻʹȥòãǰֶظϣͿ䲻ԼĶˣ㲻䣬ҾͲô죿
ҵĻһڣӺĻӲˣĻҲҪȥ
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üͷһҿΨ²ҡ
ŻǷһķݣҲˣԸˮҷźˮͰ˽ȥԡĳԣֱɵ˴ϡȻϵĶڻԵɺ֮½ˣǱϾҲһˣټϴ̿͵һƣȷʵǰˣҪǰǾԲ˵Żݾ۳ġ



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ͷǰԽԽһ۳ˡ
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ֻô㣬ҪԺ˺ӣô죿üͷҡ
ܷ飬ϹʲôİҸۡ
ʲôиͲܷ飿ϳ
֪飬ַûؿһۡ
Ҳ˵ãһ˵ɴĹĵذһţͳȥˡ
Ҳ˵ƢҲ֪ˣϲŭ޳ôôɡˣҪ˯ˡ
Ҿֽ˹Ǹһģ̫Ǹȥġ
ҲϴСˣ⻹ûһаŮĸʵǷŲ£˵̫ζؿһۣĸ֪˼԰ĸרŸɫ˸ѡЦе˵Ȼһۣ˵˸㻹Щݹϵء
ҵﲻһ̫ͨ󣬰ѻϵĳŪɣ
˵һԶݣҲǳŵڣƷͲ˵ˣ۾˵˵òĸ룬һ϶ϲòˡ̫϶Цˡ
Σɡ溰һһõӰ̳ǰ
ҵ۾ˣŮէ֮»мϸ֮£ᷢƵ̬һӡҿ˿ԱߵľҲһľȣҲЦˣ̫ǹȻ˸Ʒߡһ룬ֻҲƷ򸾵ĹͰɣΪҼ޸Ѿ̫Ҫֺáټϴκƹ飬֪ǲǵģ͸ҪھˣһļϣҲɷѿˡ
Σ̫Цݵʡ
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ָżҶӰ˳ԤԼɽϴӿ²ֻ£Դļ·ķı
վһޱؿżҶҰʲô˵˿̵ĶѾˣ۵˻ߵԽԶԽáЩ飬ҲڿƵκɢˣ֮Ը֣ΪҾȻôˣΪһధ˭֪ҾûСܲˣЦҶزˣȥ˵ˣ
ÿӿ棬ǣѾԽԽԶˣһӶٻصһٻȥû֪𰸣Լ



ҴԼסĵطͨ򵥵ı죬̫ѾרŶˡ
ʩרիһΪ̫ΪԼ¡һϵ˵
ЦˣһҲһڴ汣Լ˵ĵز
̫󽻴ˣ쾴ĳԴסҵһ㣬ԾÿҲΣɻٺúҼ֣˵Ļ
ִ֪㰲ʲôأĿ⾼ؿ
ǳէȰʰɡֿһۡ
Ϊǽ֦Ҷôܹȥʰأǲˡ
Ϊ̫Ƕ»ȥҿһۣԺǵļˡֿһۣǷģ̫Ҫͽֻһ˶ѣʲôʱߣҶȥǸ˵ġ
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ǹӿ˿ʰصĲˣȴǿʲô˵ǿһȥϣ̫֡
ڳԵģȻһ㣬ұͳعˣԵҲ٣νֻˮǿʼӦ
ЩӣҪʵڳԲիԼɽȥЩ˳԰ɡҰһСӵݸǣǰҴԼе鱦κΪ֪һұɽϳסЩҰĶ
ƴƬ̣ǽ˹ȥΪūΪľǮԣλ᲻ϲǮȻ˺ãͲҲˡ
ÿ춼ЩһΣоիﵽҲ徲˲١ÿչ涨ʰʱ򣬾ɽʱʵӵҲ
һգվУĵʰŲȴףԼʱԽԽԶʵҵִⲻڶҲ˼ʵڶģﵽûңûңҼʹ˸ֻҲɱأϾиĲߣиϲҵ̫ߥޣҪʰһ練ƵģҵսʱңôڲߣҡֻǶģûбİ취ֱգȻûκεƿƷеκһƣ̫Ƕöֻ࣬ݷȴʱ뵽ҲЦſ˿Ƭɽ֣Ļء
ҵɩҵȶҪܶˣҵˡҼΪԼĶˣֱǰ֣ҲŸղŵĲǻþ
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ϲɫǲʲô£ҾһϲԽر顣
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Ƕлˡּˣ˵̫ƫԶסŲᵽԷȥסŹЦݵض˵
һʱЩӦɩˣϽ߰ɡЦŶ˵ĶѾѾɽˡҪ㵽ɽȥʰɽ㣬Ҳ͵ɽء˵ЩһۣЩӣȻָʹɩɻҿǻòͷء
ЩöʱŵɪɪˣҲûΪҡ˵Ҵһӵݸ֣øЩǮģǶɽˣӾȨǮɡ
ɩͲ֪Ϊʲôϻһּɽ·ϣŪҡ
ԭԴҴӦֻҪúö飬Ҿʹ֮󣬶ӾȻʮֿ̿࣬Ҳ̫֮ʮ־ȣڻǰ佱ϸ֮࣬ȻҲͬҪȥҪ󡣿ǲּС̫ൽ˾ŷ֣ҾȻѾطȻ޹ֻ⼸СȴˣȥϣϱĥòУȥ̫̫ҰΪɣһظ󣬻˸Եİ취סԷУǻʼұԵĵطֽѾÿţȥסҲᰭ˭ҲŻڱﲻһ¾ֱ˳
ҲЦΪҵĻǾ˭ϵȻǻϸҽΧҸԵվҵ˰
ȻûлصԷھǰܺùʺĵطɡЦ˵
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ǲǻڹĸ磿Ȼҡ
żҹʲôĵ˵
ʵĸģǽ࣬Ծ͸ˡڨڨظҽ͡
㲻˵ˣﶼףҺܸмң飬ֻҪлᣬһỹЦŶ˵
ֻĸܺúùӾˣ̾˿ʵĸһֱ㣬ֻǵӶ̫ƢӲôһֱţԱߵ˿Ŷż
ҵЦЦжǿ󲻵ãͺôͷεض㣬㲻ϲǲϲ𣿡ҿһۡ
ɫЩΣҸպĸ֮䲻һġ
һȢĲҪģԣŻעôĲۺΡҲ̾˿

סԷ

ҵԷʱѾ֮ˣźѾҵķʰˡ
ҵҲˣɩúЪϢˡ˵
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ҪźãҪעҪ𣿡־¶ӵƣ˵
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㰡;Цſ˿ҡ
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ŶҪիġЦЦ
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ôҵⶼⰡƴǡ
ԺǻҪ鷳λסλԺ󻹻ģʱҪ鷳ϸŵˣЦЦֻҪźȻǵĺô
µ̫ϽӴϲ̵ȥˡԷһļʱģʶˣڹûпɽˣôһסǵ˺ôȻҸж£룬ԺȻкôġ

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ɩסû𣿡סķ䣬ҡ
Ͼǻʼұĵطô᲻ءЦЦ
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˰ɣ˵Ǹ˻ĺӡΣ̧ͷĵؿҡ
֪ˣΣѾӻظ˰ɣϾĵһӣǲģֻһظǸˡ
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ˣ뿪ЩͺˡֻôοˣϾŮ˶ߣζǿⲻӵġ
ػ֪ɣһۣĸɵǸҲѾˣеҲˣԺҲùء̾˿
ҷסˣȻڸȻĸ飬ǰôȥɡЦЦȴЩ۾ڷεضұףȴһҶһߣŲʣ˵Ļŵõģ
ѣҾѧҪȻҲܺЩЦ˵
ҪȻҲȥЩҩԳԣ
ԭȵҲԹһЩǶھҲûˣͲҵˣҳʲôأ·һӲ˲٣֮һ֣ĥˡ
ŶˣҹŸ˵Լˣ˸˵ˡ飬ЦŶ˵ҪǾĲУ̫ҽ˵Ҫڼﰲı̥ûϯˣ԰ܻ׼¡˵ζؿһۣǸڲޣ㵽ʱúЩ˵ĸľֻصأ
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ڿϾҪˣүС֪һʱɵ׼¡Це˵
֪ˣʱԻߵġҷˮ͹ܼң
סʼڵϷҵ׸úȥδӣǾһǷһƴƣֻǣǻôеڴҪһ˭ֻҵѣ϶ǣϣ̬ʼôҲ²͸뿴ʵͷʹԭȾɵĳлû壬µˣѵҾֻԴеķݶ
ΪǴԷԳʱǰҴ¾еԼ׵ŶɫĶ㻨ȻԻȴԵģ߸ķֻбһ֧ˮɵĵøߵˮ׹ϵӦ֮⣬ȫҲûΡϸԼΪ֮ÿԵʣɫǰ˲٣ɫҲǲ죬Խĵü䣬ˮͬɫŮ󷨱ֻϧûлϣ֪ܺõʱ
Ϊʱ磬ҾͷԸ·üæ֪ǵ˾ˡ
ˮҪʲôҪĶֻܷԸͣɡԷ㣬ҪЩ˰ɣȻôһ˵¶ϲɫ
Ǳ֬ˮ۵ӣҪҪū澸Щˮҡ
ҡҡͷֻȥɣùҡ
һˮĶϲ̵ػˣִǰȻҶߴƷһŤͷ˵棬³ȥҪ幦õġ
治ؿ˿ң³ȥ˸ȡϸ˿Ǯ
ҪʮǮء濴ң幦ĶܸıأĪĴæ˴ˣ
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ԶԶһߣҪԶжԶҿɲҿǸΣһҪʲôף춼˵塣
ϯһС̫һ;ӭ˹̫ԸˣСţֱ뵽̫ȥɵ϶˵ľ˭ȻθҵСظǸС̫ˡ
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̨ϳǡҤą̇̄²Ц˿غҤʮԣȴѾƽѦƽʮ갡һŮõ껪ôڿжȹȴǳ˱˷ɷ治֪ǸЦǸÿޣ
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ڻڳիءЦŻش̫ȻͬҵԷסȴûͬҿԲóիˣԣҸСĵĻǵСġ
ӣԽԽˮˡ´ңʵҪ˵۳࣬۲飬ͷμˣϧǶӲҪȻҲֲﵽͷϰһϧӡ
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һߵߣϵ˵϶𣬲֪긴һһס棬ǲǻùµͼį
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ʱ㶣Ƭ̲ɫε˵ƢԼ͵͵ܳȥ׹ˡ
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ȥ棬ҲӦˣԼ͵ܳȥˡ۾գ˵Żѡ
ǲǶҺܲãҺȻؿ
ʱסˣôô˵
Ϊʲô㲻ҳȥ棿Һü۵ؿ
ңȻЦˣˣ㲻㿴˰ɣЦŵ˵ҵıӡ
ε죬ǻΪ㲻ҳȥҪҳȥĻҿ϶ˡǿʶ˵
Ц֪ˣ˺ˣҾʹȥ棬òã
㱣֤˷ܵؿ
ͷ˵ʲôҩˡ
ҩңȥɡӹҩ˵
ҩȺˡҩ˵Ҵߡ
ҸϽҡͷҲҪȣҩͺܿӡ
ԣҩˣȰҡ
ȴһסͣϺҩ
Ȼʲôùһӣݵҵǰ㿴涼۽ֻҪҩˣ̸۽ԣòã
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ЦȻһˣҳᱻǸƤǣ
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лл̫󣡡ܹȥ˹ϲصس㲻𣿿ɺóˡ˿͵ߡ
ҲԣϲͶԵ㡣Цſҡ
ϼݵ̫Ȼðĺһǰ𻨸ʱɤҲ²Ҳʲȥ
¶ôˣҵĲԾżʡ
ʲô˵ָָֻɤӣ±ҭ˰ɣϿȿˮͺˡһŮ˵ϽϵĲ豭һѽӹ豭ȥŸоЩ
ôˣÿæҵһĻ
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ŶϳԾؿңʲôǵ𣿡
Ҹش̫棬̫ҽˡ
׹ˣȻѾˣǰʼշĲ£뼸λ̫ҽΪһҲ÷ġл˵ˣͷλ̫ҽ龴ͷ𣿡
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̫ҽСЩϽ
ǣǡǸ̫ҽϽӦ
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̫󣬳Ȼˡ̫ҽϹϾ˵
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̹ؾصվȻߵʱûЩ۽͵ġ



ʲôʧ䣿ҳԾؿŷ¶ϵıҲͬԾ¶ѵİҸˣѹȥеһжˣ
¶˳˰ѷе˸ǰʧ֮ҩΣ
ҩΣǷָܹ䣬ȫ⡣㷲ؿһۡ
Ҫôſ԰˻ָ䣿
˵Щǰ飬ǲͻȻʲô̼Ҳпָܻ䡣
һӻ֣ȥ߻Ѿ˯¶ﻹЩ£һЩʧȥǳ׹ж̣һһƺûͣ
ռҴҵܵҵʱҼ˵Ļ¶ʧˣ̲ɱԷҿȴǴ󽫾ǱŻʪ͸¶߽Էĳ档
¶ôˣǿͷĶʼ
ںӱ߷ֱ¶ŵ˴ϡ
˲ϳԽ࣬ҸϽ쿴¶ƣֻ¶ɫ԰ף΢ֽűֻԼڲϵ³ȥҴҷԸźˡ
ѾȥҴˡǿһۡ
ǿѹͷŭ𣬷ԸˣȥĻشҽҷƣسǵʿȻΪ㣡
תͷȥҷԸ棬Ͻ·ٶЩԸ˳ǰʵڰ۵ǸˣҶ˵л󽫾ӣ˿ûд󽫾ˣ󽫾ذɡ
ЦˣôûҵˣõľΪλ£ѵΪ͢Ĵ󽫾ʦ𣬴¾ͷڻϵйԷڣܲŪأ˵ζЦˡ
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ʵ֮ԻͬȢΣΪ˸¶ʱֻҪڣҿ϶ȢΣҪ֣ҿڴյͨ¶ҪҶŸɣ۵ܵĥѡ
Ӹߴ׹£Уڱĺ˺ܳʱ䣬ķΣܹ֮ŵڣȫƾӺãǲֻܾұ֤ĻҼԼĶ䣬ӣҼǳҹߵߣ¶ܹһúøӣҲˣ
ҵ¶Ȼˣȴɥʧеļ䣬ǵˣǵΧˣԼ˭ǵˡ
Ϊʲôôңңɬͽ
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һغܲҪҸ˵ǰ飬ҵȴһֱԥҵ׸òøǰأҪߣָøʲôأ
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¶֮׵ģҼˡ
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ֱϵعɰڣ鼱֮ѿڶĸͻ϶ʱˡ



˵ǸѾͷʼնûԲĸԾҡ
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˿޵ָĵܣȷǷ˸˵ˣҲʧˣͳʧ֮ʣĵܰˣҲûԲպָź¾ˡ
ĸʱ¶ϲɫòˡ
ȴȻܾлϵ⣬ǰҸ֮以Ҳĸͻϲ˲ٵģԺ󲻻ˡղ̫ҽϺҾ˾ģȻȥ˵ôʹ࣬ôԵĻԸ¾ôһֱʧȥ벻ǰ鲢ҪҪҺܺãҪԺԳء
ĵܣ㲻ظֿ޶Բס㣬ԣֻҪԸ⣬޿Ͽն˵
лϲˣʵһֱϲ£ֻ֮ϲ˴ʵҲʲôЦЦںˣ̫ҽղҲ˵ˣµӸǰ̫һˣʲô鶼ҵģҲˡĸ󣬡ҿĸ󣬡Ҹ֮飬Լ֪ұ֤Ժúùӵġ
Цˣ˵õҲǣʱ޿âôˣƫְﲻæʵҪ˵ҲǽͯŮ֮ˡˣҲ߶̫ˣˡ
ĸ˵ʵϲǸѾͷˣߺĸҡ
ĸҪǲϲղͳûˡĸߡ
ĸ㿴ǸѾͷڵĸ̾˿ʵǸѾͷʲôõģôӲҲĸ󶼲֪ϲ
Цˣ˵ʱ򻹾ϲǸƢ
ĸεصһۣһû취ˣˣȥǸѾͷ԰ȥ߰ɣҿİܵǸѾͷȥˡ˵ûؿһۡ
ƤЦ˵ĸ¶ȻǲǰˣҲˣɲĸԺൣЩ
ĸ޿κεص˵ҵͷ
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𽣬˵Ѿͷʧ𣿡𽣬ҴӼѾͷЩһֱߣҵˡ
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Ķôأüͷ룬ôͻĪص£ҵ˸ˣ
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Ǹղ̫ҽҲû˵ʲô𽿴˿ҡ
̫ҽ˵ʲôǿһԡҺȻЦˡ
̫Ҫ
˵˭޵˭Ц𽡣
̫˼ǣȻ
ûȥҰ˵Ҫǣ˵ҳһЦкϷˡ
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˰һתȥǷЦ
ǣСʡ
㲻֪˭Ծؿҡ
Ӧ֪˭𣿡ֵؿ
˵ʧˣұ̫ţˡʧˣô˵ҲӦԼľ˰ɣЦҶ¡
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Ӿвû˵˾䡣
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㶣ǣûǻ£˵
ﰵЦǼΪ֪ԺܲΪأ
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ҿ˿Ŷ㲻֪ǲǣ죬˵㾹Ȼϲʲô֪ɼûң˵һŤˡ
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ģҽŽɵؿ
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Ŷҵͷ˵ЩʲôǰװˣһԴЩĻӵĸһʮͣȴĺܡ
ĻӵĸԱߵŮҲǻ ĳŮʫҶ˵
ⲻǾ;𣿡Ц˹ʫ˵أǾ˵ʱ۾
Ҫҿʫأɾʮˣż˰ɡЦеؿվԱߵʫ˵涨Ůʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ů֮󷽿ɼȢΪδʮģΪܵܵŻھףʮ꣬ҵĵֳ׵ظıһС˵ŪˣȻ٣
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̸ֻ̫Ц˲ǱˣƷ򸾣һ̫ǲʧ飬ء
»ɵվʲô̫Ȱ˵Ͽ񡣡
ɫȴÿζؿ̫Ʒ򸾣˭ңҸϽֳ䡣
£òﶼʶ˰ɣ̫ζʣҲ˾䣬̫ţȻҪ쵰ãϣǱԺǵøػ
ֳ˳䣬˿ֿһۣתͷ˵еľǵڲ˵ĵƣŮӣ֮Ů
Ļ˵̵ˣرƺˣ̫Ǻݺݵص˾һȴֻ޿κεشԲ㿴СҸ軵ˣʲôǿɱְ
ƺֻڨڨӦţҵҪЦʹˣһ֪룬ҪҸ̫һƭңҾĲҲĽܣҲͲúƷˣһ治֪νָθĸŮء
ٷԵޱȺ棬̫Ʒ򸾳ŸһҵвˣҪƴЦˣ
ѾУʱµӻûȫãҿʱҪĺãðѲΡ̫˹˵
¾ͻסԷɡ˵
Ǿôˣ̫˿ЦУΪӦö治żҡ
֪̫ǲþһ𣬺ߣΪ㲻ãͲһƣϲȵβͳȢϱĻûиݵģ

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˭ڻԷ·ϣҺȻʾ
ʱ㶣漴ɫЩΣţĸɵĲ仰ġ
̫ɵģб۾һۣ˼˵㲢ˣ
ǵȻˡСؿ˿ҵı顣
ҺȻһסĶ䣬ֻ̫ɵģĺĶģҸ㣬ֻʧ䣬Ǳˣ
ͻȻĸıŪ˸Ŀɿڴ̾ͻʱڸϺȶˣš
Ҫ֪ľҼҪƭȥˡ
Һݺݵصһۣſ֣㣬ǲΪǸԲңҸ˵ģһŤͷѸײڶ
ǣǣҴûģϽġ
ΪʲôȴסԷǲȴסڵʡ
ΪԼҳߵġԲѵ˵
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·ϣһֱݺݵضһȻҶҼٻƪҺҲʧ䣬Ǹƭȥ˶֪
˾µһҶϽӭүɻˣһֱأһվң̴סˡ
ȴЦǰȥ̧־͸һǶ⣬˭أĶһ
ҸȻ̬ͬסǸҶȻɵɵһֱסңʲô˵
һŤ˾һԸǹǸ˽ģ
ңԼ̫ǰͬġӴһ£ΪҵѾݺݵĸ첲ϡ
ͷٸˣҶݺݵ˵
߹ձڣԺѾһӰˣȿļҶ˽үˣȴûϵү滹ôĸϻ
μүõ˸´Цݣȴ̧ͷҵʱŵɫ԰ףվھĺ¶˸ɭɭЦݣ¶ֻӻһΣʱ˹ȥﰵ룬˭֪λǼأȻôΪѾ˵ˣŸҲ֣
εˣΧ͸ְ˽ŵæүҪҪȥ̫ҽһ󵨵͸Ͻʾ
ȻҪˣȻĺҪǳʲô£үûظԱվŵľһۡ
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ǸһﾹȻҲ˽߽ԺӣʰõܸɾҲ˼֣һﻹҵģҲʰԺˡ
߽ݣڴϿȥʰӣ̿裬ϲˮæطԸǸ͸һֱڴ߲͸ϽȥѾߣ̼ʲô뱸ˣǶȥɡڰ֣Щˡ
ô߰Ұһֻۣ綼ɣҿڨڨز˵ҿſţȻˣ۸ңҶʱʼ
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۸ңʵϲңԲԣ̧ͷ
˵ôϲˣ£Ҳᡣ
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Цˣ֪ˣ㶼ˣԺôᵽķȥأ
˼˵ҲͿȥˣ̾ﲡͬʱšסĶ䡣
˵ˣ˵ˣ𣿡Цźң֪ԼûһﻹôƤЦظ˵
ǰڼҵʱ𣿡ҺȻ
ûаôȻˣֵؿҡ
ΪʲôǸղſҾ͸һ룬ı֣ɱҵ˲ôֻˣû֤ݣҲ޷˵ʱʹ˵Ҳû˻ŵģԣұȥ롣ڵҪԸһ̫еκһ˶ǲܵģҪԸΣŻǸģ
Ȼüͷȴû˵ʲôʱһѾеүǲˣ
˵ʲôǳ⵽ںö˶˵أʲôõģ
ǸѾǱסˣȻ˵ˣƬ֮һ΢Щ溰үǲˣֻСүǱסˣ
ҸȥɡվﰵЦΣĺķû˶ĺӣҿ㻹ʲô
㲻ǲϲ𣿡ֵҡ
ǲϲǲûвϲĺӰҵһۡ
ЦˣǵסĲԺʱѾһƬæңֻһѪˮˣŵֱ㣬ôŮӻôҲһֱüͷ塣
ʱ̫ҽ˳ҡҡͷ΢ܣûܱסĺӣβƺյ˹ȵľŵ¸̥Ǵ˿Щ塣
üͷǽȥɣҲοοɡ䣬ͷңһЦҵ˽ȥ
߽ɫ԰׵ڴϣүˡԱߵѾ߸Ͻ
۾ȴ˸һңҪ㲻Ҫɱ㣬㲻Ҫң
Īؿžôˣȴɫصؿڴϴ󺰴УЪ˹Σûп
ǺúźЩ˾ҡ˿ƷΣԸЩ͸˵Ȼҵ֣ǻȥɡ
߳εӣҲЦΣŽ˷۱ûɱңԼĺӣղŵĻԵذԼǰʱͼɱҵ˵˳ߣҿǺӹͷˣ

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˵ǲ˰ڶһ磬һ˯Уͱ̫н˹ȻΪҵСˣ棬أ˿ǸҲһڵ̫ѵ
ΪʲôһظζĺӾûأ̫޺޵ؿһۣ㣬ֺɸֵתҲǸ˵סԷȥôְŪȥˣһǴҪңǲǣˡ
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ɫһݣ˶뿪˵ʲôŮ˵̫ҽˣǶɣ˿ЦҺ;һۡ
þûбˣоЩӦˣȶЩˡ
̫ҽ㣬ôˣ̫̫ҽ̫ҽȻҲ֪̫Ǹһߵңһԥûеؾͻش̫⡣
̫󣬾ΪܵȵľŶµС΢ܡ
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̫ȻЩʧҲԴ˼죬µҲֻ˵ˣᣬûлᡣ˵Ϳһۡ
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˴ܾȣСʧѪ࣬ԺǺˡ
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ҵĻŪЩΣǰЩɩ˵ʱ򣬰˵Ҳȥģ̥λЩȣͳ鲻ȥڨڨؽ͵
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ȻҶԲסǣԣҲôǾˮ棬Ťͷһ̽ҿ˷Ժʯϵĸǲ淢̣涼һκУеǧƱЩ鱦Լ顣ѾǼ˷ӺͷˣЩ룬°뱲ǲóˡңȥǾҪټޣҲס
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ǺãҼԲ
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غšʮŻȻ裬һ䣬Ŀתơʱǡͣǰ
ƣģΪʣ񡣡仰§˻
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ȥҿϹȻûпӣ㻹ǽüءԱ߾ҵĲú˵
Ϊ޸鷳ˡΪˡҶϥ˸
ﵽǲˣӴ⳥ΪأĻ
ҲߺȫƾԸ
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ҲǸ˵ˣ˭𣿡ҲüͷֻˣԸ˳Ų
Ҳʶǰźģߵķ۵˳Ļ֤ʵҵĲ롣
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÷ţǲ㡣˵Ҿʹ˹ֻСƵȥ
Ūģһ㣬ֱ󱳿һ÷ͣˡƿͷ
ղôӦģ۾ңǴӦ˽Ҳǲ𣿡
¶ЦŰӿ÷Ͽ
ҵգȻһ·£Ҳѵʼ
棡
ʲô÷ֵеѾ߼ҶûǵһɲѾʼҵ·ˡ
÷ȷʵֻܴ±е˼ҵʮԺӶ󣬶ʱֻҪһ𣬼֮ǾԼ˵ġ
һȻ˽أһЩ¡
棬÷ֵĽͷȻΪΪΪʲô㵽ô÷ааЦˡ
ԭԤıҲյصһۡ
ȴһѰұʹҸؿ÷ϣѾҪ⿪·ˡ
¡¶䣡ʵǲϰҲЩ¡
ǵ϶Ŵأ䲻ŵģԵء
˫ȻһѾҵ˫ȷֿϣҶʱߵ֬ȻʹҾȴֺȥ
ΪԼȥҲò§Ĳӣҵسֱֻ۷ҲסƵģؽסͬʱѹס÷ֻҴʱȻ̱ڵˡ
һͺһҵڣҵգӻΪı𣿡
۾ҿ˴˿̵Լɢ糺죬۾ֻ´˿̶ܵεóˮˡȻһЦȻиССĻͷ֣ǴĶߣ˵ΪΪǸ⻹Ǹòأ
ҵֱȻһΪղŵıֻû⣬
ҵͷȥסĴͷҾеԿҵ֣ҵĶ÷ϵѩ÷׷£ǵ·ͷ
䣬ڳһֻ⿪ҵ½½Ľ⿪ҵļ¶˱ĿϵĺӣҲȻͦͷ˵ζͷ˫ش̼£ҿʼ鲻Խؽؿڳȥȴ˿ʱҵҲ˲ˣֽͷҵĽ飬ЦˣӾȲ˵ͷϸϸƷ˼ζ
ŶһĽҿݳҵҲøĳ̵ļӾ磬ֻʴǡ
ɴ⿪Ƥ멣Һ棬Ȼѹȥ¶ڱеļ޿ȣƴعεҵڣһһļ¶
һϷΪȻȡùˣڸȡΪˡһĻЦ
ҿϣɫ紺ɢң˿ȻһЦҽӸ£ĺͷϣҵͷòӿʼһطڰ಻ס˫ذסҵĽΣʹܹҵڣһͺ𣬽˸߳۷塣
ɢҽؿϣԼƤΪ·ΪձΣЦҡ
ֻչ̣Ҳ̧ͷֻͷϷЦӸղſĵúء
գϽס죬˵ˣ
һͷҵϣνӣã˵ľӰɣ
·Ϊӻطɡ
ˣҸϽҪһȥ˵˶֪֮䷢ʲôһòû˫Ÿһŵأ̱ȥ
ΪղŻǰӸˡЦա
װ÷ĻݵҵȻһңӱΪӰɣǶνǱ鰡˵Ц˲ӡһ·ϣҶĴ棬¶ͷ
ӽտ֪Ϊֻԧ첻ˣصҵķЦеҡ
ҵߵ糺죬ӵֻǺ÷ҲҪѷɫءЦŴ˹Ҳע͵һȥ

յ׽ϣ

ڣһ߲ʱؿ¯ϵ÷ƣһΪѡһԽؿɶˣȻٴ·ָҪҰ·дʵ˵ΪӵΡ
˿Ǹɶḩ̂ͷЦЦﵽҲһɼžܰ
Ļ壬ĻӵĽļžüͷЩһռҵˣ
䣬ӰѾ˽
ǼôˣüͷܵͨĻӡ
̫ɢɢ磬ǾĵһˣЦе˵
ŶǶѧʲôЦʵ
ѧˡ˴ͬƪӶ׵ҵߣĻʲô㰡⼸ӣϲ赶ŪǹӿᰮʳĻͻСֻ֪档
÷ƣ㻹̫СܺȵġЦſ
Ļǵ÷ȥɣǻϴѩ̺òãӴ˹
̧ͷϾЦĿ⣬˸Σ÷֣
һ˼ǰ÷ֵĲ̺࣬
÷̷֣ŪһͷĺһѩѾֲ˭˭ˣ඼˲ٵѩҲ˶Էٵѩ
Ȼһͨæߵʱִҵ˲ٵıߡ
Ļ壬Ļпջ档Ļӵһ仰ߵ̿
ӣȻǵɽׯȥססΣԡ۵ýƣ˵
ΪʲôӦһ۾
ʡǼСһռ㡣һԴ׵ӡ
ˣǵĴף۾Цؿһ
ҪǼСһô㣬ǵСһʲôʱһҺ
ȥɽׯЧˣҲ˼ذһۡ
ӸһʱЩǵСһܿЩЦе˵
ñסͷһˣ˵ʲôʲôͲġ˿ְ̾ɣҪȻ˵Ҳǰ˵
ʲôȥɽׯ߼λӺҿԼԽԽյķ䣬ʡ
Ӳ˵ȥ𣿡˿̿ʼǻõˡ
ԭǲȥǼλôҲܲ˰ңÿζҪҵѹЩĶߣŪҵѾǼͽıˡ
ǰΪ޵ĲԣΪ֪ˣʹдԭ˺òã
֪ˣֺؿһۡ
šʵʵصͷ
ϴ̬ȲķϣԭΣ²Ϊ˵
ʲôʱ߰ʵǼˣÿŪҾ߶ȽţȥҾԼҪˡ
߶Ҫʰʰ°ɣҲøɡҡ
ҵ··һҸˣ˲ٵĲϽȥ
ҪˣѵΪ·𣿡ֱ׳ؿҡ
Ȼ𣬾ҲһҵʱˣƷȻҲڽ֮У֪ĳϦҹһ龰
ʲô߹סҡ
˵ڳٳûоٶʲôأ̧ͷ
ǰʱƵֵø췭ظʱȴȻƽԽԵù졣
Ҳ㵽ɽׯȥԭϾھǣҲЩǷԶЩңΣĳϦǸ˼ˡ˵̾˿
ʰ˸߰˰ˣֻɽׯǱʰˣͿԶˡǱ߱ϾòסˣǲʰĸɾЩȥˣҲסġ
ɽׯǱ÷𣿡һ÷ƣһ
Уһ滨ӻǸɴ죬Ųҡ
ҺȻվߵߣһšסĶ䣬ȻɽׯôãΪʲôǰû˵ǲݲؽĵط
ӣЩϽġ
˵ּЩ
˵˵Щ˵ס˶䡣
룬Ҫǲʵ˵ҾͲ֣ҾĶ䲻֡
Ļ壬ĻӰȻ˽ǶʱסˣҸϽɿס֣ȴѾСһˡ
ʣĻ۸ĻءĻӴ
︸ʣǲǻϣҲˡ
գۼ䣬Ѿ󻹽ŴӣҪǣ˰֡
ˣһˣֲڹ˾
ʣǸղſĻھĻĶ䣬СֶĻģѧ
ʱҵͨ졣
ĻӵĻϹЦ벻ôһְ
Ǹү棬ûϺͼλӼЦˡҾòˣһҪˣ´οӣһҪǰͨ
Ļ壬ĻΪʲôҪĶ䰡ǲʲôˣӻΨ²ҵ¡
Ժϱ֪ˣûصһۡ
ԺϱҪšҵĶ䣬Ҿ;ͷ ˵
ҶʱЦ˳ӣкӣɲ۸ŮӣŮӣ֪𣿡ҿһۡ
ҵĶҲ𣿡Ӳؿҡ
ţҶʱ֪ôشˡ
Ժϱ֪ˡϵĻǽΧ
޵⼸Դ󣬻ȥؿж棬жóԣÿλ˲ٵĶȥƵķñЦߵǽ߿˿ǽϵĻŪ޶ˣ͸һĸ硣˵ȻԱС̿¯ϵĶʲô
檸ո÷ءҸϽ˵
ѹ޵ļϲأǱȹ档ЦˣʱĻѾոձõһ߲ʺ«ȥѰ˼ôȥǵĲֿ⣬ʱʲôʱߡ

յ׽£

ʱ̿¯ϵľѾʼ죬ǺˣҪҪʻϡ
Ҳã޾ͿΡ
ʢһ÷Ƶݵϵʱһ󵭵ζĻҲҪȣĻõǸ߲ʺ«ֶ¯ϵ÷ơ
Ǿƣ㻹̫Сܺȵģҿһֱַۣʹʢһ
ƺܵģ䣬ӺȱȥȥҲǺõġЦŶԴ˵
ţȻ÷㣬ֲʧƵĴϺһЦ˵
ׯ÷ƣԭо嵭ЩˣǾ¶һŪЩ÷ȥǡôˡЦ˵
СЩĻӶ÷ƣɺȲЩˡҸϽϵ÷⣬Щ÷⣬λӳԵɡ
һ
ĻʣܸɰҲѹֲּ˼ظҪ棬ֵͷʹѰЦ˵ȴ²͸ĺ塣
ЩЩ۵ĶλҲͼʰˡЦ˵
Ļȥѩ̺òãɹҵ÷⣬λʣĻֿʼѰ˼Ķˡ
PҲܵһȥѵõĻ帮һɣȥú档ҸĻ˵ЦŶԴ˵
Ȼһϴյ׵ģôʱգҲʱýҿյˡֻǣҵĵؿ˾һۣҸĵ
Ļǻѩ̺òãĻͷҡ
ǽ첻ѩˣѩ˰ɡЦſʼշŲľ
ãҾͶһĻòãӦ
ҿǰӷײι״ѩˣЦãǶѵĻҿʡ
԰𣿡Ļҡ
ҵһۣûлش˭Ҫ˵ҾͰƤ
Pʲôأϵӱ˹
ʣ㿴ǶѵĻ񣿡Ļ˹ȥ§ŻϵʣΪĿǰСãڹеĳ谮˵ֱƴӣҲʹĸսš
ϻû˵Ц̸һ۵ǿסЦݡҪ˵ǻϵĵֻǿǸѩˣֿңȴʲôû˵ĻѾ˸׼˳Եģȥ԰ɡ
ҵ÷Ը˰Ǹѩ˿ãɲܸŪˣǿҵߵʱСض˵ȴһ¸첲̾ס졣
ѾںӣŵĻǼλӰԵСÿһ
Ļ볢Ǹ÷ơŻϺ;ζغ÷ƣ۲ˡ
㻹Сܺȡ˿⡣
һҲνЦˡ
ƱССһڣúȣЦ۾ˡ
ȾƣϿһۡ
檾УһȾЦ˵
ǿϧˣȻôõľ˵ʲôóġ
ϲͺˡЦŸĻӼ˿⡣
ǽϵĻǾ棿ղֻ»ϰΧǽϵĶ˸ˡ
Ϳѻ֮ûϼЦˡ
ıʷ鶯±ˣʵϲý֪ܸܲأϵĻҶʱ㶣Եļӣĵһӡһ˼ֱǸ߼ˣĶ˵㻹Цǧл
Ϳѻ֮ܵûϴ࣬ǳ檵ĸϿķֻȥˡٲԸȴ˿֡
ĻҪǸˣҲʼû١
ҪĻǸ񲼷ݣʱ٣ʱҲҸͶ
ĻǱдʵã֪ܲܽPûȥѵõǴӾȻҲˡ
ǣǸض飬ÿ˶ϷЩȻ󣬿ǶģؼǣˣҲѲ˱Ӷ˰ᰡ
ӣˣԱ߿ʡ
ȥҿҵӺֻܿʣǽˡǽϹҵķûˣŮͼˣĺ«СҲ˼λӵϰźˣҲ˼ӵĿڴǲҪҵҲᵽʹȥ
ˣϸղŸ˵ЩʲôҺȻع
ǿʱȥɽׯˡ˿ҡ
Ϊʲô˻ôˣ
Ϊʲôҳ£ӻܵǸҽϻˣҡ
˵ɻؿ
ʵһжǻϹΪ֮ƷȻǰ֮棬ڳô꣬ûеֻƳ֮ȻЩˣǻܾûȫԣϲŹôһϷҪʣµĲΪ֪ĵ
˼˵ЩϹҿ
Щ˿ʧƣȻЩӼλƵƵǸˣƱػЩһһϣϾ㻹ƵŮԣϾƵٳ˷ˣſԵ㡣渵
ζţҪˡҿΨһĵǣƵѡûĿĵģһ군һ蹷ҧˣ϶ģô죿˵
Ǹǻǻ㲻ᶨؿңڲϳ䵱նϵ㣬ֻ»ϵĸأ
ԸǸѰգǻøӿЩҿĻ̾Ϣ
õģӦοҵ
ֻ»һģʹƺ֮Ĺϵ£ҲĽӿΪ㡣̧ͷ
ڵңˣϰˡһЦȴףЦ
˵϶֮ĹȥǲҲѾ֪ˣҺȻ
֪ˡҡ
ԺҪѹˡ̾˿
Ҹ֮鶼ǹȥˣﲻûʲôѱϣҲκҲá
ʺͲ¼ɾһ̣̣ôһ첻γϾһ첻ԣϣһҪأԲԷκ𣿡ҿ
ˡ̾˿ֻϣܹҵĲ¼ɣȻһۣû˵
Ȼһпܾǡ֪Ҫ˵ֻǣһϣҾͲֻҪһ˿ܣҾͻŬҲˣ˾ͻ㣬ֻҪ㹻ϸģ㹻ģҾܹҵϵ㣬ֻҪҵ㣬ţҾӮĿܣ



պȻˣֱӽ뵽ΪھңȻҲ޷֪˵ݣֻƾƶľӪֻڳеĹϵ̸ڣҪγ̸ף
ν㳲֮£ѣֻµʱ򲻽Შҵĵ𣬾ԼܹܲأҲ֪Ȼ룬ôһ죬ҺϽᱣ˭ֻܾһ˭ļҵʱ̲ð
һȥҸȻɾҲʱʱѰĶ˳ЩԲʶһƺôƽֻͣÿҹ˾ҸʱҶǸ⣬Һѡ˭ѡңһһУѡһ޷˵ת뿪Ӵ·ˡ
ǸǲǿˣһգʾָҲǲˡ
յȥɣҲþûгˡҡ
أֻһӭֵʡ
ɫε˵ڷ
Ҳסˣã
߽ãһµоɫׯؾһӡ
ôӣҲЩ֡
ҵˣ˻ϣҪԼҸУֻˣţҪŮˡԴǼĻ䡣
ʲô飬˵ҡ
׷ʲô飿ʵ
ԺмǸ˽֮ʱҵĽºȻһ£ʱˤ̨ףѶȻֻǸŮ˵ΪҪ̨ףԼʧˤһҾˣԼʮĳﾹȻ硣뿪ˣҲͺˡ︡һˮ
ôһӣҿã绨ͣѵҪôһӣ
ĪˡֻˡĬĬϵķ顣
أ𣿡ҡ
֪Ϊһ̻ûҿ
أҡ
һתȥӴٲعˣն˵
վǱѣϧȴҪһӶˡ̾һ
ɫЩٿߵľȻһĺѵµ˾ȻǸıˣĸңǷҲǰң
ҪˣҲǸˡ·ϣסҵ˵
Ҳ˵ֻĬĬš
ңҶȻȥӴ˲ټ߽Ժӵһ˲䣬ҺȻ˵Ȼ´㵵վԭأȻݡ
ºϲùӣȻĸΪ¥ǱϾĵһӣʶҲŪ¡쳣ӵüۼǶ˼ַͲһѾٲȻһŮ˵ͷ
ǷȻ뿪
ΪǸŮ˻Ź𣿡ǸʲôƲ磬ֵ˶ӣֻԺӻѹ
ʵڹˣҾȥĸ׼ҵСĵ˵
õҵĵطֻܿڡ
лˣѵʱܼǵʧƵң˵̫û£ˣҲǶҰˡһЦ
¿ЩͺãϾ·ֻôȰο
㻹ԸŮ𣿡Ȼҡ
Ը⣬ҪԼ˵Ůˣһն˵
Ľ㣬ĵЦˣ͸żְ;ǿҪ㣬жá
Ҳ˵ˣǰ۽ǾȻѾɼϸܵƣԭ֮һ֣Ȼ˵˵ز
߳ãУַǳ˿˭ǵǼǵˣҲǿи̫ĸķϡµӣǸıҵĶడ˭֪Ľգ᲻ҵأ뵽²ЩȻŮӵһ·˿վҪԱߵĴܴ򣬾ͱҰݣ紵򣬵գ֪жŮӿԾסڣ
¶ȥˣҡ
һ˻ģȥ˵
ǰҲԵɡ̾˿
üͷû˵Եأ֮ǷҲԵأǰޱϤǰһĻĻ֮䵽ûϵĺߣϵ׽ĺϵ˭ϣ
ҪˣǲһġҵĲͬЦŰοҡ
ҵȴף֮һ̻ûеһֻһжˮʯʱ˭˭Ե˭˭ծܹһĿȻ
һ˾ڳ嶫һعȥڲϵҾ֪ЩΪʲôҲڵһһڻϵ۾￴أһֻײе֩룬Ѿܺ˴ÿһǰĵˡֻǣʲôʱϲŻʱҺ;أ

Ϧҹϣ

ǵȥ߰ɡһգҺȻ顣
ԾؿһۣԴƳΪ˱ⱻ޹ǣһֱӼл͡ȻԴϴλ󣬾ʼָͣȴһֱûгš
ôȻҪˣҡ
أϿ϶ְɣȥЦ˵ٽأȻҪࡣ
ҲãҲڼˣɴൽȥɢɢġͬˡ
ϵȺַǷҪǸˡָһ˵̯˵
ЦˣҪ򵥡˵˹ȥǮǸˡ
ÿ飬㶼Ӧ𣿡ҿ
ȻЦŰ˵ݸҡ
ЦŽ˹ȥȴûʳһ⣬¸йأΪ֪ԼǷܹĴ𰸣Ȼ֪ԼǷܹܣǲ֪ĺã˰ɡ
ҽõĶŵϸؿţЩϲЦŴӺ§סʡ
ȻϲˣЩȻ繬ľ£ȴҲйȲϵӡЦ˵
ϲԺҾ;ЩЦ˵
ˣҿЩҲڲãλֻͻǸȥʹ˵
Цˣ㻹ǵĻأôôС
Ҳ죬һСĶǿ۵ģˣҲõλӵĹȥЩȻǳԿ
Ц㰡ǺôЩӼƽϡأҲ˰ɣϾҪˣϦ֮ҹζҪȥġ˵
ǰڽϣŵƽʣҶһϲӣϾؽ˭ϣģ⡣ֻǣЩ鲻ͿԵģƷ򸾻ϳٳٲУվΪʲô˭Ҳ֪ڽУһƺڻľֻǣ˭Ҳ֪Ǹľʲôʱֻʲôķʽ
ҴһȹɵĵʹȹûôҫۺΪأҪϲЩͷϴ˶ɫ觵ɵĵ˽ͷ³Ľ˿ҵĲҡҷڶѣ׹ҲڳĽµ˸觵ɵĵϲ죬ֲҫۡ
÷õȣޣǵȳʯҲֵõġ߳ԺţѵȺʱľЦŶ˵
ЦˣϾǽڳеĴԹ󹲶ȳϦװǲһʱȻҲҪЩͬһľ˵ŵĴ۵ںڴĵϵȹƣʾǷ޵ĶͬġֻǣǷ޹ʱͬЭ
һϾڣû˯𣿡Уұ۾ʵ
û˵㽫첲طҵĲӺ棬ܹرĿ
ʵұ۾ΪۣΪǵģΪǰЩӣ㲻شڸɳ˶Ҹסˣǽ죬ҪȥʱҪҪ棬׵öࡣҲ͵͵۾۾ҲڱĿ񣬴˿̵ҿ˵ǧ˳ֻǣ֪ڼֻ֮ʲôıأ
ΪĪˣǱвȻҶҰսеȭͷҾԲ˰ڲҵˣҵϲ֣Աߵľ㸺ңҾߣһת뿪Ӵ޹ϸ
ӻƽȵнţ˿̿˵ǻţĬĬ˭Ҳ˵ܰǣ˭Ҳ֪һ̻᲻ʲô֪ܰǴ˿Ƿһ
ڹͣȳȥȻֽҲ˳ȥ
ĸ磬ɩˣǣϽƿ˳
֪ʱһĻ䣬ңҲԸǰˡǸݵ£ȻΪӵĸҲǲܲμӹģֻùһεǰˡ
ҸۣûдҲ֪Ϊ飬ʼиҲֻڨڨسЦЦ
ܣˣ
ǰһˡЦ˵
룬֮ΪľǵǣиһȥҲԵ̫ѿ
һȥɡǴСһ𳤴ֵܣ֪˿ʲô
ҪȥϣԼĸĹȥɣЩأĸ󲻻ΪġŮ춼Ҫȥ̫ڰϷֿˣٷֿʱҵ
ҵͷ̫ȻǲΪңϾµģ˭ָ
μ̫̫ǧǧǧǧꡣҶ̫
ɡ̫ѾΧһȦϵʹԹļҾ졣
Ӵ˵ԽԽˮˡһ´ң̾
ˮʲôãŮ˰ҪľǴڽӴŮ̫˵
̫𼱰ǹϲѶءһģ˵
̫ЦˣļԣҪˣһúõлл㡣
ʱһƬЦŽء
Ϊأ˵ĶЩ黰ʹƽٲԸˣ˿ҲǺͺ˵ЦϾ˭ҲŪʹ졣
ȻһŮ̫˼䣬̫üͷʲôģҿɲôˡ
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ΪԼҪģҲ޷̵˵ŪҲ֪ǲڽʱɵˣ
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ҿһۣΪڻԸ𣿡ЦһΪ㻹ǹȥǸǧ谮һ𣿡

ϦҹУ

ҡҡȴӲûе£ܵ⣬ǲǣҡ
ܲģǲǣҲʡ
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߽ڵȻݺŽء
ҹſڵĵˣ̫ҽһ˫صʡ
ǣǾµúܣѰ˼ʲôʱ̫˻ȥҲùڸſڣմմ̫ϲЦ˵
̫Цˣû̫˵Ѿ˵ˣɲȿɶ̫͸ЩöҲմմ̫ĸء
̫ʱˣӰ²͵˰ҹʲô˰ɣҲУǳϦһ֣ҪʲôֻãҾۣ
ʱַǷʵ˭֪ذЩС⣬̫һЩСΣΪľ̫ģָϲ죬˭ļЩصģ֪̫᲻õĶְ
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Цˣ̫ﾻǺöǻңҲҪǸҲãһʱǲ֪ҪʲôˣΪѵӡ
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̫ˣ⺢̰ĵģ԰
ߵ̫ǰ̫һ̵⴮ǵʱȻʹ͸ҵģĶԺҾһֱţûժҰ͸㣬ϣܹΪŮ֦ɢҶ
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ҹʱ䵽ˣ̫֣һﻨŽصŮǣǰС
Ͼ׽㣬ô㲻ԹްҰɣ̫ңȻ֪̫˵˭
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ϯｻַǳȴζһЦŪʳȫޡ
ȥءһС̫Ȼߵ߶˵
ȥȴÿҲվ˸С̫࣬˵Ļֻ¸һ
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ҵﲻЦˣЩģŹļһŮʣǰµӶ˲ɣ
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˫ۣȴ𴲣ǼڴѰ˼˵Ǿ仰ҵļûд˵ӦҸһʱ龰ǳԴˣǺǣ⵽һ顣ʱǺжռģƽʱڼ￴ҲĶ˺Ȼ࿴ۣôͻԺøҸˣǣ˸˭أϣǣЦЦŰɣҸұ֤Ժﲻ˿϶ֻһˣ

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С죬Դ׵˵ԴΪûжԷôеıǲǶ֤ʵˣ
ҳԶӶᣬԽҾԽǲ˵죡

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ҪˣֳԲôࡣüͷҼеĲˡ
Щáڵ˵
ҵȻ֪ʲôҪ֪˿뵽ʲôֻҪ˰ɣ
ԹеؿڴϿ飬һڵΪҴ硣
ʱˣ˯ɡҷ飬˵
ЦǽһãﲻЦ˻ÿģ
ӡȻ˹
ղŲ˵Ҵ𣿡ҿ
㶣ƺ֪ΪʲôͻȻ
Ҹղϸ룬ǸҪǴ㣬һϹأҲÿҪǲͷأԼ־Щ˹˵ţ˵߿԰һ취Ǿǣ⼸죬ȵԼ˯ȥ
ϣҵĻһˡ
ӣʼᣬҲŲأǲ鲻ԸػԼݡ
ҲЦˣι㣬Եñģ㵱Ȼ֪ˣڶ㼸죬֪ҵĺˣСʤ»飬ûеģ

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ļ죬һֱڲң͸һȴԲŵĺƵģﰵЦȴⲻҪһ׼˵ĻǸ̫׵õˣ
ӡߵ˵죬ĥҡ
ˮҰϴˮý
Ѿ߰ҰԡͰźú˳ȥվϣؿҡ
бһۣҴ걳Ȼȶ˵߽˺档
Ƭ̣ع̸˽
ԭΪˣϲؿ˵
֪ʣбһۣתȥϵ·ĺʱ
һزˮУҴ걳ɡ
ֿʼʱؾصذҴűǺܿ͸ı˵طʼǰ
žһĿ֣Ը˯
ϽʵʵΪҷ񣬶ķ
ˡһ䣬һѰҸ
ϻˮءҲɵֵؿϽȡһߵ˿ΪҲϵˮ顣
ӡҷڴϣȵؼܽҿɡ
ȻһЦ⼸տӣ䲻ʵϴκ˵¥Ů֮ʱ˵¥ŮһҸŮϴ˵ǲмڴˣⲻ֪˶Щûпġ
Ҫ֪㣬ֻﲻ֪ˣЦţȻְһطȼӲĴи
ҲЩҪջ֣ȴסϷţ֪жӵ𣿡ҶʵͬʱͷҵĶ䡣
ƽ±˴սҵĶ˵Ǵʱһҵӱ㲻Щˡ
ҵӣааЦˣΪӣҲͬΪء˵ѾҵĻԲˡ
ȻһЦ˿¶ֻϣ¶ʧ˵ţҵ޵ظ
ĺʱʱҸѹ£ݺݵȥϵȵӽҵģϴƺܽҸȼ
ãһʼѾӲޱȣѹ£ʼҵĽӽѹסҵģÿһײƺҪ뵽ڵסҵ촽ҵĽָҵĸʣƺҪԶռС
ڣŴͣǽˡ
Ϊı𣿡뻳ʵ
ɫߺ죬ܶȴЦˣӺߵý˵ʵأΪʸ˵ʵģΣ
˵ţȻȻһҵ˫ȣļϣһҵ˽öҲɵշɺ죬ŤӣҪ˫ȵǯƣȴΪ˫ա
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ŶҲĲ룬ҿʼЩܵŤӣࡣ
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𣿡ʵҸѾûش⡣
֪Ϊж˰ɣҶʵ
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ҪˡҸϽģҿʵܲˣһαһͺͳ־ãҿʵЩˡ
ааЦӣΪ죬òΪֻΪô͹˰ɣ
ģϧطٴεĽعԵأֱʵ֧Ųס˯ȥ
Լ˯ĳ˵Ļŷ˸ȴȫ۵龰գһǼûмŮƵģ˶ûţ
ˣͳҵͷͬʱҲҵļ
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ҸֱۣҪ´ȴ˫Ȳһ
ΪźӴϴӵҵ̿ʼڡ
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ЦˣӳԴˣӷģӽΪֻΪһ
ڱؾᣬ֮ǰûΪ˿̲Ǿµʱ벻ǰһ˵Ƶʱ
Ƿ˵ŶǷĻɾͲǶԿշô򵥵ˣ˵
ЦˣӷģΪ˿ֻ㣬ݵأ
ʱ棬еĳ¹ˡ
ǲ㶣ʱʲô
;¹ظ˸
֪ǰΪ£ʵ
ǰЩӲ˵Ҫ뾴нʫ黭ʫʸ踳¹Це˵Ȼ壬ϷԸˣ˵𣬾뾴ȥʫɡ
עֽ壬һ֮ٶҪ˳ŻٿʼӪҵģĻҲһ

԰

˳¹ֿʼ̳ˡ
˹ЦǸҲҪԶЩ֪𣿡ʼء
ȻôģΪβ¶һ빬أҿ˵
ϲɫ˵ǰôû뵽һ̣ͱˣΪĶ䱻Ҹšסˡ
ǲȥðҶݺݵʡ
ûУûУûУЩĵ
û֣ЩҪڹٿüȥģⱲӾͶһ˯ɣ˵ɿ֡
Ŷ䣬ƤЦش˹ӣΪսһֱӵߣ粽룬Σ
Ҹۣòȥã
Ͻ˵ΪʲôҪ
˵úֻµʱڲӪںɣҰһۡ
ֻܷģҪǲģϣΪٶӱΣĻϲش˹
ЦŵţȴĬĶҪǿһĻ²ǵҵЦˣ֮һֵսŸոտʼأ
ڶ𴲺͸һ˹
ʫĻ壬Ļʫõ
ʫԽԽÿˡȤ
ʫʱˣĻͰȤʫ
ʫûУҪˣ͸Ļ壬Ļȥýֵڵ
Ļ㿴Ļ۸ˡʫߵͨ졣
ͱͱЩЦЦҸ
ӴǾ;ˣʫĸˡ
ⲻǱ·Ը¶ʫҲմմ⣬һˡЦ˵
Ҹղźýʲôģô°ʡ
ĸôҲ尡ʫ졣
Ҽү˵Ҫʫýأʫϲ˭ЦŽ͵
Ӵƽﶼڹסţ֪鰡Ǿƽﶼͷ֪Щ顣Ц˵
Ҫ˵ʶҪͣǺʵĲҪ˵ʫƷòģǿɾǷëˡЦ˵
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ڼ룬ֻнƵ״ԪɲſǵʫɡЦ˵
ҲǣŮĻ´Ҫǰʼ׼˵ģʫȻ꣬ȴйµϢػҲǰ˼˽Ĵ֮ϡ
ǲ֪Ƶ״Ԫɻ᲻Ǹͷӣǵ˵ϾʹѵҲ
ﲻصģ밡ʫĺԵ綼źˣ϶Ǹɶõſ
ô˵˰лս磬Ҳˡ
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ЦˣҪ֪ΪӽԳ֪ˣ
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Ǳߵ黹û𣿡ϣҿڴϣȻ
ҡҡͷʱûʲô
Ҳüͷϰôãֻ²ʲô飬Խãʱ򱬷ķŭҲԽֻǲ֪ܲܽӹ֮ŭأ
ˣءҵǣ§ס˵
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ڶٽʱ򣬿쵽ݻſڵʱ̫һŮˣ̫뾴ȥһˡǸŮ˵
ȥȥͻء˵Ȼ͸ǸŮĺˡ
Ļɡʫĵ˵
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ϸǸŮǱʫҪСЩЩüĿȴʮ϶Ǹӡ
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ЦԽˣҿĻʵҲɢˣǵȥߣ˳ӽĻʵܣ鵽
Ļӽˣչ涨ͱ뵽鷿ѧϰˣĻҲʼǷ£ʼʦǵѬˡ
߳ݻûãһСŮ˾ͼҴҵ߶˼䣬Ц죡
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ƶѧϰһҲˣĸȥ԰ΣЦݵʡ
һ˾ͺƺƵ԰ˡҸţܵؾý쿴򵥡ֻǵʱԼ˵ģҲߣҿ϶Ҫȸ˵ˡ
Ȼ԰̺죬涷ޣ˵԰Ļͺͱ𴦲ͬڴʱţ԰Ů˻ݣҺ̵Ū԰һɴⰻȻ
ӴҲˣ˵ǵ¹ʱʹӵĳرϺȲءȥǵԱ߾ȻžңһĵһЦҲЩܵʲô֣Ӧ̫
˵԰þûгɢɢҲ˳ɢɢġЦ˵Ȼָָ磬ҵֶŮ磬ȻŤͷ˵磬¹ʹӡ
ʱҲŷ֣ڵ¹;ֱվ˸ʹԼʮҵŮٿڶԵ¹ʹ磬ҶʱΪʲôҪҴҵ԰ˡ



ӽѾʮˣͳȢˣԣʹĸȻҲҪδˡϾӼпδ̫ӣĻϣҪܹϹϵԼȹ̺󣬿϶żĺôġԣǲŻŰԼŮӸܸʶΪľܹռδ̫λá޹ϸĹ涨ЩŮӱ乬³ǰҲΪʲôôżԵˣΪ´νҪ׼С׼һµǵ¹ô׽вԼأ
ٿʱĿޱؿųĴӣʱֻЩʲôأ
ʱ̧ͷҵĿ˸ţҲɵ㶣漴һЦңȴʲôû˵ֵֻͷȥеˡ
P㿴ãӦǵ¹ǸŮǵһνڹﵽתת¹ŤͷԴ˵Ͼǣܲе˶ôɣ
ЩʦõĿҵҪɣȸˡӳϵվ
ĻʱüŮ¶ʧ飬¹ֻǿһۣҵҪɿҵȥɡ
ɴؼ뿪ղҲ˺ܾ˰ɣ
ǱҲȸˡˣȻҲˣվǡ
Ȼ֮ǰҪȰߵǸŮͻص̫ȥ
棬ˣ̫еʡ
ǸŮ˵ͷ
˵ûУ̫׷ʡ
ͷ˵ˡ
һֱĶأû˵˵ˡ
̫δЩʧҲ˵ˣӵƢЩ䣬˵
ĸûҸ¶˰վҲ̫˵ˡ
Ǻã߰ɣһҪ˵Щء̫󿴿ǡ
Ǹĸʲôˣ
ұŮҲĸĸ硪Ҿ˾˵Ůƿ˵֮Ĺϵ
ǹӵġҲüͷ̫һǰǴ˥䣬ҲѹҪô˻ᣬռ̫λˡ
⻹ֻǿʼԺֵġЦ˵
˼ôЩֻģҲۡ
ǺЦɕPСӣһЩݲݣﲻжءֻЦ
ǣҪǻܣôˣֻ²ֳʲôأ𣿡б۾˵
ʶȤЦݣôأҵֻһﻹݵأһ˵
شţ컬࣡ȴ͵һȥ
ҡϣһ£ûһµػӣԱߵιˮ
˵ǼŮĸüΪºÿұ߳Աʡ
룬࣬ûôء
бһۣ˵ûôô˼ҳûſô
Ͻҵι˿ƻǸӱ֮ôȥأ
ҿƵ˵Ǵӣѡ˭
ʱסˣҿ˵׼ɕPСӣСЩƧ׽͸ҿ治֪˭
ֻȴӴ꣬СʱҲһԶԴӵĸԵҲʮ˽⡣
ˣǰպһôβôˣ
ƲƲ죬˭֪ôأָι˿ƻôʲôǵɡ
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Ͻףǣ뱧Ӱˡ˵žҵᣬҲˣҪŮĹŮ
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檼ӡʩ񵽡
Ļջϰʫ𣿡ҡ
ʲôϰ޷˵ЩлˡЦ˵ȻȤˣֵ߽ĺء
ЩˣĻ˵Цˡ
ʲô˵ЦģЦ˵͸úϲˣνδѣȻҲҪǰ׼ˡ
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ҲڿЦˣҲǣȻôŮӸΧţζȻܺܡ
ˡѾ浽
ΪҵĥѣԾܵҵ壬÷ʱҲüʱ⣬ʱΡ
ȶ念˵
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㶣Ҫ𣿡ҡ
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ʱ˾õ⣬ʲΪʲôٳٲУǲȻ֮ʣòΪϸ࿪Щҩء˵
ôȻҵĵ˵ɡҿһۡ
ԥƬ̣Ǵҽȡ룬ļѨλȥ
ҪҪȰһ䣬˷Ȼ岢޴󰭣ǳ룬ҲʹѪͣشԲĺܵ塣ʩ˵
Լ֪ͱˡҿһԲʰȥˡ
뾴Բ֮ҾͿʼе⣬ûҰ֮ǰû֮ǰҲΪãΪҪǣҵ뿪Ͳкӡһûа취ԺݵºӲܵĵزԣֻѡʱԼУֱȷΪֹ
Сڹг󣬹жڱкͲŮһ£ҪԶҲ˵֮ҪǻʱĿǣҲѡһЩСԣҾ÷չشһְ취ʱΪʩ룬ֹС
ķԻΪãѡҾͻɸɾ׵׵뿪֮κιϸҲΪһҵãҵĺҵԣѡӣһһҸļͥԸ
սȭͷܲиҵŮͿˣϣ㲻Ҫʧ

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ϣҪһ˵пǱԩġҴӹл֮󣬾ĻһסˣΪƷѵǻ̬ԭ򣿻ϰôãһֱûжΪľһŵ൳Ϊ˲ɾƵҲǴĻˣֻǣڳƵ᲻أ
ģ㲻µġҵ
ǻ϶Դ̬Σ
в顣˵
ҵĸӽˣв飬翴̬ôƵƱػҪƷˣֻµʱһʱ죬˵ٵĽһȷѪꡣ
Ȼϵ̬µһֳ͢飬˿ʼҪزһԵҲʼ׷飬ҪϾϡ
ʱĻϣǸݷڽ֩룬һ׷Ͷ֯õĴ֪Ǻܿ죬ǾͻһѪȵɱ
ԪڵٽеĽ˿ûӰ쵽䣬С￪ʼʽĵһϲաǲ˭ʵۣ˭ȨͼľǸҵƽƽ
Ԫƻᣬ벻ȥأ֪ҽΪƵЩҳȥߡ
ҿһ¶֮ʱҲǿ֮ϵ֮ʱ֪ʱǲǻվҵأ
ҸЯ֯ĳϣɫ涷޵ĵֵӳյ÷·˼ɾһ㡣
Ӳ¼棿ҡ
ЦЦǾ͵ÿϰϳʲôĽƷˡ
Цˣ̰ĵúء
û˵ֻĬĬؿߵĸɫʵƣͷȻӿֳ״ҹŻǧꡣ·תһҹ衣 ѩƽƣЦӯӯȥѰǧٶȣȻףȴڣƻɺ
󣬲ɵ̧ͷǰľڸɫƹӳ£ԽԵٷ磬ΣʱҵŨ飬Ȼףȴڵƻɺ֮䵽׻ǲͿˡǡڴʱסҵ֣˶࣬ɢˡ˵ųһЦ
ס֣һӶסҵֲſ𣿡
ЦˣȻ˵סҵ֣ۣӻԾñҶС ٣ƽΡԹ飬硣 뼾뼴ɥ֮֮¡ ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡ ⣬һ⡣⣬⡣ ִ֮,ӹ. ִ֮,ͬ. ִ֮,. ִ֮,򸴺?
ôҵ֣֯ĽϣΧǸɫĻƺӵȺҸܵĴ¶ȣҲϣִ֣֮ϣǣҪ֤ʱ򲻻ſҵ֣֮עֻһաĬĬ˵
ŴǵĽӽ˲ǰϿĿĸջͼڿջȻҲ¡˿ӯšʱ£෹󣬳̸ʫ۵Ȼٲ˵ʱ֪ԻϳٳٲһĶ࣬ţЩƱҲϵĶɱʱϾҪˡ
Ȼһ磬Ͼ˰Ѿٽ˹ҵһֱţƺʲôҪԣʱҲЩĲɣԵظоҵ񲻶ԡ
񲻶ʱһ̫Ȼ˵ǻ
ҵ͵һɤ˳
ϵǣûڴ鷿ټңһƫƧĵҡ
糯֪𣿡ޱҡ
ҡҡͷ檲֪
糯鼰һȺ鲻ݡ̧ζؿһۣ㲻֪Ľ𣿡
ҴӢϡ
Цˣϧ㲻ǸӣǸĵˡλ⵽ҵߣʥͼдޣĿıĴҪġ󼸸֣ǿҵĶ˵ģʪȵϢҵĶϣȴĺ䡣
ϣҪ۾壬ϺҲأҶ˶˵ϴôǸƣҲܣǣҾԲᣡ
Цˣ컹أ˵Ǿ壬˭أ˵ˣֻҪǸˣ͸һϵûˣ𣿡
ҵͷǻϵģ˵ʲôȻʲô
Цˣ񲻷أѾּ⣬
ҵӶʱһȴʲôû˵
ǺأȻĻûУǲ֪үǲҲôأЦԽˡ
˿̧ͷֱӻϣ˵ʲôֱ˵ͺãȦӵġ
ֻǺ棬˼Ҷ˵ĵܺһֻԧ첻ɵɾֻǲ֪ĵ֪Ҫʱ򣬻θأ˵᲻Ϊأ
Ҳ˵ֻǶؿҵ뿴״ʲô
ĵܸ飬һֱ֪޺뿴ֻ֮ѡһĻѡ˭Цޱȵ⣬һ÷ˣһˣѡأ޶֪ѡ˭ˡ
ʱҵѾףǴҪϷˣʵ֪Ĵ𰸣ֺγ֪أ
һ֮ʲôȻͿʲôֺαض໰أҲЩڿ˵ʵ޷ǾҪҺ;֮ĺϷˣ˵뿴һʹذĳ棬ϧǲԸģǾԲᰧģѡȴĽҵתȥ
ˬ죡ϴЦǴҪشĶ˵
˵꣬Ȼҵĸ첲һѣѾҴһǽǰֻһƣǽȻˣҿһۣ˽ȥ澹ȻǸ䣬ǽ߻ŵӣɻڵǰ£ȴǰǽиСÿԿΡ
ôܵɣϵؿ˵
檶лϵĹˡҲ޷̵˵
뾴Ҫźá˵ŹǶǽţʱһƬڣֻʣһˣԼĺü
͸С׿ȥֻϵЦ̫ϸȻ𣬼һҲɵð˰࣬˶
ĵܣ޽նƵľΣʾ
ӢϣƷıĴǻȴֻٴδＰˣνĻʴȣʥ֮˵
ǻǹ˼ߵľߵζؿһۣ룬ֻ˷飬룬ı֮ҪģȴֻƷ򸾣ֻ֮ڣҪķ
ϵ˼ǣŻʡ
ƵŮȻ޵ӣֻζӲȥġ̾˿˵
£ȻƵŮ빬һʥģҲκβУʥһ棬
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ϲ˵ȴֻǻƣһС̫Ÿ̽ˣһ롣
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͸Сףؿʹ飬Ҳ۾ѡԾôᷢӣ÷ˣ㶼ã
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ҵﲻһ۾͸СȥȻ
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ӣҲЦ£ԭﻹǱȲˣֻˡ˿Բͣػȴֻһ
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󳾣鴹޽һƺӴ·ˡȥԷϣҲɵʫ

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ʵǲ뿴ȥԼҿ֣񿴵˹ȥԼԭʱҾȻ˵ĳª׺ݡŮ˰ΪԼİˣʲô鶼Ц

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ҵﲻһŤͷȥȴøţҸϽͷŤ˿󽫾ķ˻Ǹиˡ
ô𣿡ȻһЦع𣚣ں֮ޡŮӺϡβˣ֮Ů֮֮ã˼գշתࡣϧŮֻⱲӶòˣ˵꣬ؿһۣ޶ȥ
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˵Ľȫ𣿡𿴼ͻȻ֡
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СҪҲߣһ˿˵
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˵ͷӻͳһֽݸңһǴ˴ķȥҼַھӹ֤
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Цſ𣬡ҵأ
ҲҵˣڲԶסţĸŮ˵ӶҺڡ
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죿Ծؿңô죿Ƶûд˵ĽӦûûȫء
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о

СЩҪίˡСԿģȻⷿССģֻ»Ӧˡ
޷ģʵҲˣܹԼİһ𣬱Ǵֲ赭ҲҸ֮ҺʳȴҲĥ˵ĻǶ˲١
ר˼̹æصĶǸѾӶʰˣֻǰѶŹȥˡ
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󵨣ʲôҵǰ棬ȳ⵽
ѧǲΣ·˫ȫҵڴƸʫһˣҲʫһף֪ΣǾȻ̬ȹԴ֮ȴмƣҲǣԹűмߣ񿴵һŮȻ˫ȫ֮ȻЩˡ
֪λԺΪ⣿ЦʵߣҽʹȫµŮѵЩƲŮӵĳˣ
ҵǽϿĶˣȻԽΪĿˣ˲ϴ˵ĿҲɵġ˵Ļ͸̱ˡ
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˼Ҷ˵Թ˽ܵ飬տܾӣԲ顣ЦŻ񵽡
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ȴˣҸʵѾˣҪҩ̡ҽϸҽΧĵˣ￴Ҫߺüֲҩ̣ԣҴ㿪ҩ̣ȥҽݿˣֻҪһţҩˣôԶˡ
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ˣڼ￴žͺˡǣҲӦš
һҲʹӦˡ



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յҰʣµĺòҶ˼ңĴЩĲҶ
Ҷǰ˼æ𣿡Ҷ
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УҶɡҶ˵ǮȻǲġ
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סֽĲҶһһֽһֽһҸҶˣʱذѲҶű࣬һһسƺðãΪľ
ҶôˣǮ׬𣿡ҶҵļǮԾʡ
ЦЦû˵Щȥ̲裬ɫֲãٲ׳ȥôȽ²һУ͸ˡңЩҶգôڳطҩأ
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Ҳδ̫˰ɣ͵ڰͰ˵˵ĲҶҲҪʮһҵǮǱ˵òٱˡ
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Ȼ򣬡˹Ȼܵ
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ΪǵĲҶǮʮֵֻһաϣڿҶõǮҲʮָ˵һ߿š
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סˣҲ𣿿ʲôû
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ҵҲЩᣬ˵Ĵƶ˵ӵľǲᵽеġ
Щȥˣͱˣ˻žҪǰҰο
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ֶ٣·ˡǹȻûʳԣڶͰѸͷ쵽ҵļȥˡ
٣ҲЩԾǲһζҩ
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ǾͶлϰˣ»һС˽Ĵ£Ҫʼһˡ
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ǰֻǲ֪һǷӯࣿ
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·˿꣬ô֪ͨأЦеؿǣϢͨ˱ǰҪˡ
Ҹ뿪ڣı飬̰ѵߵĻ˻ȥүﷱæôС߶үأ
ԷЦô˵ɾͼˣ˿Ǽ°ĳôܲǰףأ˵Ťͷ溰ɤӣˣҸ·˵ĺ
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ʩʩȻĻϣҲԼͷôģǾǸŵģһָǰѻϸ⣬ΰɣ
˻Ǻ˰ĴҵԺ˵ҸհʱѾѿˣЩѾ˼ߵС硣
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ȻΪȴֿɵãҿˣҲᷳˡǾޱʱʱ̵̿ţȴֶֺֿüԲŵζǣҶǰ
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ȴҺˣΪʲôأڱƾʱ˵ֻܻһȫţһص䣬˾ѡ뵱һĻȻ·ǳ־磬ȫ˻еżڲѵģǰǵżΪԼĵƽЩȤ
ͷͷɴһ۾ˣҲ벻ף
ʴӱһѧͻᡣ¿ҵԴҩ̿źҾͿʼѧϰοץҩԼαҩӺÿһζҩҩԵȵȡѧģ̵ҲģҶҩѴԭһ֪ڵ֪һ
ƹˣƹ̵úáЦЦ
ҶѾڻشҽݸæˣĻᣬǵݸëʰʲô֮Ļǲڻµġ
Ա͵͵۲죬Ҷ˼ԵعϣǷǸľͷһ޶Եӣ˲֪˵ʲôЩźá

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Ц룬۵±Ͷ̥ʱЩӣ

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㲻˵ҵˣȥҽʧ㣬Ȼ߾ž˵ģҸ԰֪ڵʲôҲ£߻иءҸҿ϶ֻ̫±ȻᣬϾһǸԴͻ·ˣأһϲ˾ͶŮˣֻ̫뵽Ҫ÷ըˣڣȻẦ¡

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ǻңŭЩĸоվԱߵõĵңǸղڷԸȥҩƹʱҲһ֪ͨ뵽ﲻЩůůģ˹ĵĸоá
֪Ͻɵϴһԣ̫Ϻ꣬Ҷ֪ٴνˣ֪ҲѨ
㲻ѵΪԼûд𣿡Ҳ̫ʼҷˡ
»治֪Լյ˵ҾҪ̫Ļô̫ʰԱߵ
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ڽҴֽţȻǷдɵţҪﲿûһƹԼʵӶΪպ»żû˭дأֻżĵһţӦûеڶŲŶԣڶ˭أҲЩɻˡ
ƿһ죬ӳϵıӰòøأǲǷأԽԥǡڴʱǻعͷҵ˸ţһЦ
ҵ֣ҾһıҲֻһ˵ùѣ޹ء
ôżޣ𣿡ҡ
·ŵȥһ˵
Ŷ۾ңʲô
ҽҵֽȥ
Ͻӹȥ˺󣬰춼û˵ҵҲԽ
㿴𣿡Σϲſҡ
ҵͷֻһ˿´ֱӽˣδȥط
һȥΣûи𣿡ҡ
󽫾֪飬֪еݡ˵
֪ˣ£²Ҫ˵𡣡϶ҡ
£뿪ǰҺȻڵϣȻʸϴ²֤ǲı
ȻˣΪʲôȻؼ֮أҡ
¹ϵش²ӣңڻظ֮£Ƿỳɴŵαأ
Цˣ·ˣȻˡȻһתϧ޵֪˵ĺôȻҲ÷鰵Ͷˡ
ֱǻ쵰ȴǲҷиˡ
񲻰ػصУҲ֪ϴ˴δô죿֪Żǣ浽Щˣ⵽һıȷ£
죬ûϢǼҲˡ
ʲô
¶Ҫˣ𣿡ҡ
ҾϲϲʹСӣ˭˭ȥûҲ˵
¶յ飬ңʹдҼƽˣ𣿡˵
յ飬Ѿǵˣڵ·ˣϣأҲΣԶһոոĵ˵Ҫִ֣֮ϵˣתȴڱŮ˵ǻ
˵ʲôҶֻԹԵؽȲʹ塣
ڨڨһ磬ûȤˡ
㣬ֺοأ˵
Ȼôı𣿡ҿЦ
Ȼ㣬֤㣬㿴ҳôʱ䣬ʹһ䣿һۣԴ˵
ҿӣ֪ǷŲҲ˿ա
ǲȥ̤𣿡ң£ϵı㳵˲٣óǸ˼ҵṲ̊ȥˡ
ҽΪŵԵʣǲ̤ʵҲЩѣȥɢɢҲǺõİɡ
գǳȥ̤ɣ뵽Ҷ˵
ġ˵
ᵽʱӣһתҪһˡ
ˣҪȥҡ
ȻﻹЩ顣ҴҴӦһͳˡ
ȥͨ˵·ҶſڵļҶ˵
ɩôˣææӭ˳
ɩɩ˵Դε飬֪ƺǽĿģˣǲ˵ƺˣҸ徲ĵطл˵
ҵ鷿ȥɡҸý˸
Ӵү˭һεεԴ̵ĳ֣һװŨ޵ŮӳǵǰҲϴڽϼǸŮӡ
ҿһۣϽͣɵС檣졣
ﲻЩģǣҶǣɵãһһ졣Ҫǿն㻹˼ȥҲȹҵķϣҲأ
Ҹ߽鷿Ǹ쾹ȻҲ˽ҸүлҪ˵ȥ
ү㿴쿪ʼ
ˣҪ̸ȳȥȰ˳ȥ
ûңѹֻԼĽ֮ᷢ޲ŲˡҲ޷̵˵
εЦЦչˣȻġ
֣㻹˵óңܴλ𣿡Һݺݵһۣչȥ˲ٵĴ£ҶԭΪʲôأοһжΪ㰡ôദѵ㻹֪λ𣿡
˵ˣ̾˿Żи֪ı˲٣Ҳһֱ㣬ȻҲһˡ
ҿҲӻǹȥ˵仰ǿԵİɣձϾô꣬ѵֶ
֪ˡκ˵
Ҳ̾һ治֪ǣĺߣȻ˶Թż
ҺҪȥ̤࣬Ը⣬һɡվ
ĸأϽʡ
ѲҪٴδ߰𣿡ҿһۣ֮ڵǸԸõҳ˾
֪ĸһֱ㡣˵ʱ˵ߣ˱˵ˡ
Ҫںδ
ңɩľͲܽܺ˹һ𣿡
ᶨ˵
˵ˣ֪ںܶ˵ҵ뾭ѵҲںҪίԼ˷һɷ룡

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·ϣ˳һȥΪһҪϷЩ
ϣڴϣҵĻĲܸ˹һ𣿿ЦΪµӶҪӵұ֮ΪҪŮӵĴڣΪŮۣ˼ףҪڸЩӣֻҪЩǮƵģĸֲ檣
ߣҲصغһ浱Ůʱʱڽ£һˣ̶ƫԸԸһ˻ţҲΪһ˵ĳ谮Ů˹ĶǣѾĻ
ʱѾˣָͳѹưȶᵽ˳ϡ
ȥ̤࣬ôЩЦҡ
ʱ֪ˡ˵
Ȼſͣ¶ɩǾѵܡ
ΪպܶЩʱദֻԼһ
¶˵
ԶЩ˵
βſԭңҡ
ն˵
˵ˣ̾˿ȡ۽ݵҵǰԵġ
ҿһۣνĴƣ棬ǷǾأ
ɫЩˣ¶һҪôҲ֮й𣿡
үҲͬ˺֮ã𣿡˵
ˣǾôĬĬţһֱͣ¡
ҷԸ˸ƧĵطЩǰ·ңȥĶν챾ѵġ
Ϊյĸı䣬ܶҶûв֣Լ
ش¯δЩĿɿڴ
νʿգĿ࿴᲻֪ɣ̲סȤߵ÷ɺ졣
ȥЩҰˣͽˡʶȤ뿪ˡ
زժŵϵҰˣಽظҵĺ档
ǸֵˣѡĵطҲԶиСϪϪ߰ѲҰ˸ϴɾ峺СϪеȥʫ֣۹Ԩ
·ˣСϪĶȻ˸ңѭȥȻĿΪ׵һȺ
λضǽ˰ɣЦ˵
˵ļԣҵȾֻµĵˡĿ˸Ҿ˵ڶ¾У£Ϥ״Ԫۺ̽ڵ֮ɻնģ
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ҸղſϪˮ㣬ֻǲץ㣬Ȼ׽Щ˳ԣȻóԡЦ˵
кѣҸĸȥͺˡվһȻҲţֻøһȥˣϪ߶ʱޱȣֻˮˤŪʪ˶࣬׽١
ˣЩæòֺ׽㣬͵͵ա
ߺȴ˵ҲɵˣϷ
һȺʪػˣǵǱҲˡ
ϧǰԼŪʪܵģȴû׽ǿ˳ԣֻ˱࣬Ұ
Ĳݽ, л, ҰԺᡣ¶ǣһѾʼʫˡΤӦƣ
ŷ֪ҵȽǷдأĿȻ˵
ǲ޶ѡǳǳһЦ
ǵǣ񻹼ǵɩ˺͸νֻӦУ˼ǵüţǸϲʫˣȻϷŹ
ֲˣɤӣİϳƵ̱ټѰ˴磬ꡣʱ˼񣿡
ĸһȺҡͷԵظųͣѣֻоһĿɬʱ˼񣿡
¶Ҹǡ͵ſں󣬾˵ȻͷȻЩ
˵ôˣϴҸϽܵյķʼ
һߣؿһۣ㣡
ͺãûйҵһģЦˣ֪˵ĽչȻȥ
ͱأСʡ
иѲȥԧĶˣ˵
ҿóﻹģǸˡȰҡ
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㣬½˲ٵС檣ܽ𣿡ҪػЩСòԵ⡣
Ҳˣʵ벻ұȲϽ㣬ֻˡյɫЩˡ
ʵôӣи˵Ŀؼϲͺá˵
Ҫˣô죿һ˹ģ̫ˡտ˵
ҿЦ£￴˵ҲһССԺﲻҶԣþҶˣþģҲûپԣڲٹ˼˵뷨ɫֻԼøӿЩ
һչ˺ԼġģҰο
ӣ֪˭˭ģֵܶ˿ʼҵԺȻҲǳȴչʾĳպͲͬܿľȺ͸ı䣬ֻϣܹµյһƬġ
һգֹˣҽҪȥҩ̣ˣСԺǡȻҲǸҲҳˡҲգٸᣬңԲٻͷ
۾θûһҶֻڨڨظҺ档
һȥʱѾˣսչΣȴ쵽˲ӣƾʣǲﰵЦֻԧˡ
ڶ죬ո˻ȥ
ϣܺúϧʧõҸҪնһƬġҶ˵
ȥ󣬷¶Ҫ뿪ЩҪ̫ƫִˡա
˽ΣҿŽӻԶȥףǿ ϧ˴ˣͷϡ
¶أұֻ֤Ҫԭңҡ߶˵
شعϵԺš



üͷ߽ԺˣôЩҲ˳ҵǰأ
㡣˻һӡ
ûˣ㲻Ϸˡ˵
ǺãҪӦңԺ󶼲Ҫȥ磡˺αװ
ЦЦԼûб£ײס˵ģʲô°ҿǰѾóˣԼ˭˵ҹ´㻹һĲϲǻƵİ˳ûа취˼ҵľϣûϵ˼һǲϲ㣬һеûأ
㣡ָң춼˵
ٸҾ磬ݹҲ¶Ŀ
û㣬ﳼƵŮҪǸĻû˻ڶΣ䳰ȷ˵
ڼ統ѡңûѡ㣡񶾵˵
ô϶ճѡ㣿ҲǺ۸ģЩɫЦһûмǴû񣬶һֱԥȻվ˳ֻѺ˰ɡҶ񶾵˵
㣡ûˣˣȻģ˵Ҫ뿪Ǿ͹Զ㣬ΪʲôҪھǣҵ磿
ҹЦǳ͢շ·ˣҰϲҪ˶˵Ůܵġ˵ˣͷβңҿǴûȥҹأԼûб£ͲҪ˵˼ҡҳؿһۣŶˣôˣҪб£ڹˣôתأ
㣡ܻس˹ұ㿪ȴڿսŵһӰͣס˽šһ˲䣬Ҿͱ˸ţȻ󣬵ҲƵ˺üײϺʯֻϺ͸첲һĵۣȻ˵ϡ
ڸʲôſڴһŭһӰѸܵҵߣ¶û°ɣ
ɫ԰׵ؿˣ磬ҡ
㲻Ҫ˵ˣŤͷǾ治һֱΪһ὿Ůӣ˵ţ¶û°ɣ
ǵģ磬ⶼŮ˵Ĺƣݺҵģžĸ첲
Ǹ徲ĵطҪȥȥ˵ȴڰЦҲݺңұ̫𷣣һҲǰ黹ˣ֮ʻúܣҪ㣡͵ưɣ
ҵ̬ȣŵң¶˵ûУҵĸ첲ҲɵðӴһ˳Ͻҵһѩ׵ĸ첲һƬĿĵ࣬ЩطΪʯֲڵıԵǸ·ҲĥһƤѾʼðѪˡ
¶𣿡ʣȥҴ򣡡
磬㲻Ҫǹģ˽ңȻֲʡ
ˣͻظȥһ̽ҶǷԸ⣬ˡ
Ҳ߰ɡ˵
¶ؿҡ
ҿֻ徲ӣԺ뾴ҪˣҲèûоûа취Щ﹫棡Դʼ˵
˳ηģ˵
Իȥҷģذɣ
˵𿴼ҵƣһ
СŪ˵ġҵ˵ҸĶԹ֮С
ҩһСĵĨ˿ϣע˿ڲҪմˮҪҵ
ˣҺȻ
㶣ʮжˡ
ôµøͷƵġҴȤ
ˡ
ˣҸҶôˣʮˣҶҲʮˣ͵˸ó޵ˣҪǰΪТԵʣҶͣǼӵˡ
ȫƾ˰šǾ仰
Ҳɵ̾˿鶼˵Ψһ£ԸҺ;㶼ǿŹģǻŵҵԧ죬ôôǷǺͽյĻҾ棿
˵ˣǺˣȻкñκ˵
ֻ֪¶ҶǲôģҶѴҲʵǵȲˡ
ȻȰȰҶϣҰΪŮ£ҲҸ˵ˣκǸǲͷҲûޡ
ҲûȰǼǸѾͷҶѾͷúܣ˵ʲôֱ̾
ŮҵഺϾޣٸ˵˵ɡҲֻô˵ˡ
ˣǲҶʶ֣Ǹˣڶ죬Ҷҡ
ҶҪԵ֣ϺܶԴպϣΨһҪأðպϡҲֻôȰ
ҶֻзһˣҲݲˡҶᶨ˵
ŮҵഺޣҪһֱôϣѲһֱȥ
ҶѾˣǷ򲻼ޣǷˣҶһֱȥᶨ˵
Ҳɵ̾˿治֪ǻǶԼżǶԵֻϣǸľͷЩϣҪҶȵ̫á
¹ϴԺȻ뿴ϵǣĺߣΪλ˶ԹżעҪһΪֻֿһʱͿǣ˺ߣôָϺߵһͷֵ˭أ



ҿſڲľüͷԴϴŪ֮ÿ춼һѵĲƷҶգֻһЦ˵
¶ϵ˿ɺЩˣҵɫԹԵʯ¡
ﲻĵطȥҲ˵
ҸЩѪϲԣֻܸ˵ǡЦŶ˵
ҿõҵʱ֪ϧʧȥˣȴֿʼҪûأǿЦ
ҪõѾĸˣҲóԸˣֺαأʵ
¶ңôˣѵ㻹֪ҵ𣿡
ҲЦ£ڴү¿ǿһ
ЩڨڨܼܲȰɣ
ҲЦˣ»֪ǸأȻˣǾͺףͷ͵ڸǺձܵʲôҰ˵
¶ʲôȴˣ߽ѵһŸˡ
Ϊģϵ㲻öִ֣֮ϵԡȻԣƫƫҪˡΪµŮӶǽֱܲѡƫԸҪ֪ҲҪµ֪ŮҲǣŮҲͬ˵ӣŮҲͬþޱȣ
ˣǰЩӵĿ˹Ŀƹ˱ݸҡǰЩΪˣˮҲûеЩˣȻҪˡ
ϸ˷ӵⲻƹˡȻⲻ𣬵ǱϾ¿ŵҩ̣ںܶϹ˿͵ҩ̶ԣȻǲˡ
ĳҾӹ˷ķӣ˲ٵĹ˿͡ƹ˵
ǲҪʲôҩˣʣտŵʱΪձϾҩǺܶ࣬㣬ƺҲýˡ
Ҫҩģ˹Ŀƹͳһŵӵݸҡ
ϸǾͷƹϵϰ壬׼ɡ
ҩֵ꣬ҽȥתתǸľͷ仨飬ˮⰡ
ͳ־˲񲻹£ȻͷˣҲȵЩˡϲɹ̫ңֹ
үȻ涫õˡȻõϯ棬Ŷյӡ
İ׺ͷǺЦˣˣҿڣͷһ׼ҪȻôĳϯҾͻء
⻰ϻһ򿪣ͷʼϲˣ˵䣬ˣˣҪǲҵĻΪͷţҰѻָȣͷ϶˻Ƶġ˵Ҫǲ׼ʱ򿴼һξһΣһͷ˵
ЦˣͳǮݸҿɾ͵ſˡ
ͷ廨ͷλε̫⣬ϳͷ˵ĻЦˣ˵˵أằȡȻһ˵ģôǲǿ԰סλأ
ڶ죬˸磬ϵҽݡ
ôˣ𿴼磬Щ֡
㡣˵ҿȥȵĵӡ
𿴿ңǷӲˬˣ
ҡҡͷǣֻܿңҪõҩĸд
ɵظд˵ӣЩȳõҩ𣿡ù
ͷͣͼҴҵرҩȥˡ
ƹϵϰ壬ЩҩģԽԽáҰѷдõĵӵݸƹ
ӹӣϸ˿ЩЩȳõҩİˣ˵ļȴҲòģֻҪԱЩͺˡ
Ͱ˵ģϰܸǶ٣ǾҪ١УЩҩϲ͸¸ɺģҲŵӣҲҪҪ١˵
ƹɻЦˣģˣµģ¾ԲˡңԽԽãýȥ
ƹ񿴿ң˼ϸ壬дţĳվСȥϰ壬µ
ͳһƱݸǧƱνǮǻϰ˵ţȰҩĸǮϡ룬ǿ󽫾ϣϰҲŵġ
֪εľٶЩðգǸ󣬶ңˣǴͷˣӮˣǿɾǷˡ
ԴҰתʸϺǾûеˣȴȻˣϰ˵˺ȻҪһõҩģΪ·˽⣬ĳԴ٩˵
Ц£Լ뷨
˾ǸϳͷĻЩЦõؿҡ
νҪ˵ʵҲǺаգһҶӮأ˵
Цˣ־ҪҴɻʳһŮˣ
Ұһۣҿûôı׬Щʳǰˡ
ЦˣȻʲôҴҵվĳҪиˣ߶š
ŵʱøһѶľ˸ţƽٲŲȴûпǵͷҴҵˡ
ҲЩƵؿʲô鰡Ǹӣ
ÿˣѾˣ
۾ҵģҰܵ𣿡ûذһۣ˭Ҳҵ£
ذĶصطʯϣѲ·˻ñ𱧵˼ɣ
ôֻү»Ͳñ𣿡Һط
㣡øɵۣȴûޣֻôɵ۾ҡ
ҲһеغȲ衣ͳôԹҵķϣãҰ롣



·˵СԺԽԽˡϺϳˡ
סªֻ˻ϵʥĿˡʵ׽͸Ϻ뷨
ս˵Ԥƽ꣬ʶڻȵҩд£ζؿҡ
ҶʱסˣΪʲô߻ϰ켱ҴҸǵԭ
ȷд¡룬ҵľٶûдɣ
ô·˾ǸϳϺĻĿ⾼ضҡ
Ǹǻʲô˵ˣ
²ڶİˡ˵ʲô֪ˣҲûʲôˡ
û뵽˻˵ذơЦЦ˵
ǸˣóԷô£ЩɶҪǮģҲ˵ǲðǮµǮģ㻹ںǮ
Цˣ޻ϲӡ
ҵͷ˸ۣ˭ϡϲ
ˣԹȥƹ𣿡ϺȻ˸ǻһҡ
Ҿı±ȷ黹죬ȴҲֻܵͷȻΣ
Ƿ˿ɻ˵ƺԣҡ
ǵͷ
Ƿ˶Ժƺ侳ڵĵſ˽ˣ
ͷ
շƲ⣬侳ڵݳΣϼʡ
¿ɲܵͷҡͷˣ룬괺ȵñ磬ݳá
ҪǰǸϳϺƲ⣬ޱȣݵĳֻأҡ
ƺĥЩʲôϸ룬ƹֻһˮӣˮǺܴ꣬ôˮͲˮӺпܻ޷ڴܺܿ죬ƺܺõݵҪЩݺпܻˮӺᴩƹڣƲˮΣﲿλΣҲΪʲôﲿһҪȥƲԭΪΪɺˮƲҲĵλãﲿ侳ڵˮԴҲˮԴ͵λõƣʹﲿ䲻òһֱںƲ䡣
ʹˣҲô˵ġ˵
̲ס˸ۣȻ㶼ʹˣһٵʲô
Ȼôشģ޵ﻹǺеףϣֺޣӭ޵̫ˣʱΪ޸˺⣬ϧ˵ƭޡ޲Ҫ㣬Ϊƭ޵ˡ
ϵһסˣĿΪ滰νĸߴʤ
мҪȥ졣ϺȻ˵
ϵĻЩĿɿڴϾȻҪȥƹڴݣ
ݳãؼ۸񼫵ͣ죬һ꣬ݴﲿƱҪͼʱҳͿԴƱˣңƾǰݣҳҲſԱ֤ЩӣȻ㵽ʱѱʲôǸء˵ң˵ŲǼ٣޶òΣ޶ﲿһ˶󣬵ʱβѵƱسΪҳһĸ󻼣
첢ûأСؿϾֻǸϳϺһ֮ԡ
·˶ȫȥһѣѲ޾ûǸ𣿡Цˣ˵ˣһˣǶЩݣ໨Щѣ޻䲻𣡶ңҲȥʹˣ˵ϳϺĻɵİġ
ΪʲôңС׷ʣôˣΪʲôƫƫҪѡҰ
еȻ࣬˫ȫǹˣϤƹƹֲϤģŵùģֻ»ûм˵
ҲˣΣʣʲôʱ
ԽԽã˵
ô죿ʣƾղˣܵи˵ɡ
˵Ҫȥޣκˡ˵һУ޶շġ
ͳһƱǸ㹺õģֵݸһö壬κѺ鷳öȥκһ츣Ǯׯƹǻġ
ҽӹƱ壬ֻǧأĿ
㲻صԼİȫ޻Ӱļαװӣİȫ˵
ҵͷȥﲿ䣬Ҳ˴뺷ֹǺ¶ݣŮСҲǻΪʲôᵣĵԭһﲿ󣬽˵᲻ұ߾в
Ҫ㹻ĲҶΰ͡˼Ƭ̣ҿˣƹҶΰͣеĲҶΰͶҳ룬ʶںƹڣӵвҶΰͺͱǺһͥǷԣı׼ԣΰͺͲҶʱΪá뵽ҺȻһʣµЩҶǲҲԽһأ
޿ԴӦ㣬ΰ͵̫࣬ϾǹٸרƷҶǿԶЩһ׼õģʱȻõ
Ҫ೤ʱ׼ã೤ʱԶҡ
ʱ׼춯Ǻú˵
ãʱ޻㣬ȶԳǣ޵˻ָĵصϡסһжСģ޵ĺϢ˵
һûü˵ЩʲôֻһȣȻһ£޵㣡˵
һûзӦѾʩʩȻ뿪ˡɫҲɵú޺޵ز߻ռҵıˣ
ϣԺ￴µѾ˻Ļݣһȥֻ»ʱѾ˰ɣ
ߺȻһվſڴؿңԹ𣿡ңȥ߻ǸĻͲΣա
㲻ǾӵıֶѣΪʲôҪ㣿˵
ҵ֮٣Ȼȥðա߽ңԣԸȥҡ
Цˣﲿû֪ҵݣǲ֪ݵˣֻ޼ɣ
ȻˣãתƬ̺һκгˡ
ұҰһݸ
ǣԾؿҡ
ҵһҪұܺáκװҵ鱦κƱǣ벻õıˡκеײ㣬ҷ˷ţдһҷ⣬Ķͷָպͷ𣬶ҩС
Ҳڵʱ䣬Ҫæշˡ˵
Ҷȥﲿ䣬Ȼ֪ķףʵ޷ǰҪȥұ˵˵ܻܲȥ˵
жӢۣŮҲбġһı㣬иõѡȻҡ
ؿҰ죬ȻһѱסңӦң¶ζҪԼʹɲҲҪƽ
ұϵľٶһһʱ֪ôˡ
Σſң¶סһҪƽһһֱģȻȻҵУذιо綾ҩذ׵ֱֻǸģԲɵ£סֻҪţҶȥ㣡
뿪ӰֿеذףѾڶ˵Ҫҵˣǻϣǡڵңأڵʲôأ
ʰ˶¸ע飬Ҳˡ
һѺˣذҵҪ󣬰ѲҶҪᵽ˳ϡ
˳ţӣȥһͦεӰվڳǽϣ֪˭
ӣҶԼ˵һģһ
ڶ꣬ʷ



ǸһɫװľҲ˾֮йĸִԣܸ裬䣬𣿻ʢ֮£ʵѸ
طҪһҵҪڳдǷľ·˵ǲǸӣ
ҵϣʮ־տʹھУҲǸٮٮˡ
ԵЩң󽫾Ҫұ𣿡
صԷ뾹Ȼ˼λӣӸԵüΪ룬λӵһز
СˣǸǸȥ𣿡ҡ
ǣ;ġ˵
ĸϲҲҸӽ˵
֪Ϊʲôϲ̫׶ϱҺ̫󱳺ĳϼǵڳе޵СƵŮáǶڹеľУƺվҵĶ棬ĵˡ
ǣʱĴԽԽ࣬ԽԽãƺûԭԤǰ㲻ϲ
ڵ˵Ǳ̫ŴӾϳģԼ̫ϲ£Ǿ˽֪ˡֹһεǰֻᵽ̫𷣵顣ǰǻմ͵ľĻֻ̫þһֽˡͨŮӣľֻʱϴ棬ʹ˰ɣȴȻЦʮֿģҿóԷƺ൱ÿ춼ҲҲգȻ緢۳ҡ
ϼɣҲ˾жǾޱȴ˵ֻ̣Զ۶Ҳժ罿ݣ鲻ԽҪ֮ΪС
գ¥ƺ֮ʱ֪оȻ˵ǽãһңǾޱã
Ҳ˼ػشȻǾޱˣ֮ڽ޵Ļ䣬˵̣Խ⣬ժԽǿңԽõ
˹ЦҿŮӻǸһغãⷽԵó˵
ǰŮӾ͸óŷԣ´ң˸͵
˵ĻҲǷ·紵ܵˮܻӣԶôӡﲻһӣŮӣǻˣǾˣȫ¶͸ż٣ԶǾޱȻ˵̣ȴ
󽫾ȥɣˣҸսԷһС̫ͼææ˹
ԭһ磬¾ͳȥϸղȴԼ˻һͣ˻У˭ס
һ̸о漴µľʿ档ߵһ±ͣˣҿʼͣ˻СʿʼĴ
ұվ±ϳļĺѲСĵȥˣʱԱ߲ݴƺʲôڷ⣬һǸɵָ
öָƺʲôʱĴľʿҲ˵δµӰ
ǣҹϵʿµĺȥ
󽫾ҵˣһʿȻ
ѭȥһŷɫʪ͸Ůſںӱһ˹ȥһ£̽ıϢкȫ䣬촽Ѿˡҹ˲ˣһѽ𣬸ϻԷ
޵ſڣ˾󽫾ǱͶ˵ţһｫ˹ȥ
Է̫ҽʹһüͷӸߴ׹䣬ڱĺ˰죬׳ʵҲܲˣοһܷܷŮأ
һֱԲѣȻҲ޷Ŀе֪ʱΣȴһɣʧ׹µף顣رʹźѾߣ֪ζ֮Խ϶бض¡
󽫾ˡҸսԷһС̫ϲ̵˵ϾҪ³£ΪūŵǣҲǿ϶Ӳ˸ϵġ
˵ƺʧˣʲôǲˣС̫ĻֿʼʧϾұΪѹܹҵյأ
Ŷھһؿҵ£ҵﾹȻЩζΪʲôζȴȥ
ΪѾʧ䣬Ҿضߣҿֻôʧ˵֡Ըڳҵ̣¥һεټұ档
ڣһ죬и˵һεȥƹİȷԸĻ˵ˣ˵ǹϵǮ˵ڶ
ڶ죬թ˹Ȼˣ¾ͱµ˸ץסˡ
ҲһץʲôˡǰҲȫ˳
ǩֻѺĿڹҲ̾һСŮӣ˵ĻǺ͹ңɱֵʱ򣬾Ȼ侲ýǮʹ˵ʹߣȻȻ¡ĻǹҺͳ侲ֻ˵ĵ¹ˣ
ѾͷǸˣǸúͻ쵰ϵˣҵĽô˵ġ
ƷҲδ̫Ыĳ˰ɣһֱ٣²ŻؾĴ˵²߳󣬵ǺôҲĹ⣬ôµȥ֣
ԷϾǻʼԳƾɱ֣ûڼİæǲܽȥġԣɱֹǾĲṩԷĵͼԷĵͼһĲŪģԣ˳ϵȥȻ;Ʒ򸾡
ҿ϶ǻͷˣײм˵
ưѳֳ꣬ڶ࣬׺˿νԩͷڽŮ޸˾ͽ˹УʼԽԽҲԽԽš
˵˲֪ԼԼʱҲԶˡԵβͬǣ׽ȴʼڳĬ׷游׶Ĳ·߷߲ƽʸΪζ϶ʱôشġ
ȻǴƸۡΧͷԿӵѳ»дɵţǸ˭أ۳Уƺֻ»»ģֻǣΪƵŮʵ
Ǻû뵽ǾȻϸҲǣԼߵȫǲɢ˵ˡ֮ԣ˺˯ĻˣȷҲϺĴºˡֻǣҵҪһò˫ȫ鶯Ůӣҵˣ
һһһ˫ˣҪöأҪöвάסأ
°ܣҲʼ;лͣǻȴȻ׼λӵȥ
գҸս޹ڳӡ
˭ǸŮ˵ĶģǶӳȥ˵
ĸӿŹūҪЩغ
ôˣסǸūţùӵĶЩͱˣôô
㲻֪ЩǸŮ˵ĶP㲻ǲ֪ĸжǽãôĶýĸĹأ˵
ѾĴϽλһ𵽾ϵ飬Ѿ֪ˣӵģӦþ͸ӵĶɣ
ˣҲδ̫Сˣ˵ˣǻϴŴȥģôڣͲ»Ǳ߲ˣ˵
ô˵ˣûп
СˣҾþûĸ˵ô͵͵˵׹ܵúϣʶԶЩ£Ϊֻ꣬ĹϵǸЩ
ҪһıҲôˡҽڶ㹬﷢飬˵
ǼŮ˵ɫģĲԣУϧȴڷ绪ï֮ʱѲ
ʵϸµĲԵмơѾǵһ˵ˣȻͣǶ£мӡ
Ƶİһĳ˿룬˿Ƿƽ˾ֻе˲֪ա
ڣһƷ٣ƵĵҲıᣬ⣬ŵšֻŮȥա
󽫾ǽ·˰ɡԷ˵
ҵĲ⻰ʲô˼ѵ
¶˵Ȼô뿪ˣź;ֻһӶ˵
ƲǸŮȴʵ˵
û˵£ôȻ뿪ˣֻǾҪ˳Ӱɡ
뿪Խҩ̣׮׮ڸˣúܺãܿġҵҲԽԽ벻
ǣҪ㣬ȷʵǸѵõŮӣϧûԵûԣͶ˶Фɣ֪Īҵ˼ôῴأ
֪˵öԣҲԼҪˣҵǰĻԣֻƴסԼȥȥԼ
ÿԼ鲻ԽʱҾͻôյУΪְʹӵδǿԼֻ˼һҪ±׷µġ֪ǲһ𣬾ҿһи뿪ǴأҲôΨһĹѪΪһٵǰ̣ԣֻѵȴԽ׳ذ벽ֻûעʱĵעҹ˵ʱĬĬ
Ҵû˵ؼʹΪ뻳ΪԹذȴܡ
û뵽еһٶȻὫǻ֮أΪ佫Ȼ׹ҰΣոͶŮ鳤˭Ҫֻǣ¶ԣϣȥϧС
վڳǽϣнԶ˵¶һҪҵ㣡ʱˣһ ĺǣҶҪȥ㣡
һֻҵļŤͷȥǵ
ˣǸèоƽġ˵
Ҳ˵ˣʹҼ縺޷һֻôԶԶؿҲԸ㾡һػֻҪƽ



ڴʱʱӦѾ˰ɡȥ֮أֻ·;֮ٲգȻѾɳӰбЩ
һμɫಮٵ޲ЩʧȻòಮ٣ȴ֮ǧ͸Ҽ˵ǿֺãĵȻͬ÷Ŷʧǡڲֻͬ¸׵ľйذɣ
ҽĪ丮Ů͸ĵʱҾ˰˽һжŪҴӦƵô᲻֪Ĵ㣿˾һܰ޺úõǸϲµ̫󣬶ҲʧֶֺΪأ
˿룬ҲǸˣǱĵˡ
ǺȴԽԽҵע⣬ϵľǿͰŮûмġ
֪ĵ֮Ĺϵȴò˵ĵиôŵ̫ףȴ飬ȻΪķǣ̰ͼĺӹ֬׷۶Ůӡ
£˱µءߴӵ˵
ߣȻЦȴ룬ҲյظĵüȥǵƾҰģҲΪӡȻòԼ֣еҪĺûˣֻҪǻѡ
ûϵȻ޼ʱϵֻҪ˰ɣʹ̫ĿȫǣȴȻûֻвԼм
޲ò˵ĵ飬˺õһŮӾȻ֪ϧ
һδεܷһδεҲЩ棬˫£ǿԿһһεĴ⣿
İǺǿ޲ò˵޶ЩˣȻҲһδεؾûһŮ˿޶ĺ͹
գ԰ɢȻԶ˽ǾޱҪҪȥ
ȻҪȥˣȻҪǱ̵ˣǿɾʮԴġһ˵
ǾޱǰЩӲŸճֳһƬˡ
ǾޱǺûʲô
˻˵ߵС̫࿴ͣ½Ųȵʲô˾Σ˻ϣмԴ
һһشԱ˹ūڳݣû뾪ʥݣūǸ
ǸղᵽǾޱǡ
ʥϣǡ
޹ȥ
ҿһƬ̺Ǿޱֵģ
£ūֵģ⻨д̣ǣֻڱ߽ǣͼÿ⻨ûûܳһƬˡǸʹ̫˵
⻨ôû
ūĶҸʥأ⻨׻ˣʲôطֻҪ֦ȥܻʵǲڵˮҲһܻ
̫Ļǰ̺Ļ޲Ǹ˫ȴ͸żǿŮӡ
Сģȥɻ̫æѾˣҵѾǾޱ̸ˣҲӴһϽջ֡
ūŸҵָѪ飬̫̿ͷ絷⡣
ˣ޵ּ⣬Ժ⹬ǾޱһɲУ޹ЩпĻˣǾޱ͸רĵź޹Ǿޱͺˡ
Ǹ̫˵ûдǾޱȷܺûⲻŹµʱ䣬޵޹ǾޱѾǵˡÿտЩˣֶǾޱʱܻ뵽ǸŮӡ⻨ĺƣһһ̣һ鶯ģһˡŮӣվ޵߰
޼ʵؿֲӣ¶ʧܰĵ֮üĿ飬޲û뵽׹֮Ȼĵܺõ罺ˣֹסطᣬŮӣĵƥͼѳֳŮֱ޸޺ĵܣ˫Ůӣ䵽ĵܵͷϣ
ϣһ֪޹ģŹҽ¿޵һͿ޵ﲻԱһ£ֻǾԲôϥİɣ
ĵܸпǶΣٿ޽µ޺ȻЦˣĵܣںҸǲǣ޵ҪҸʲôʱ
źһУǡ˵ĵܸ飬һֱ֪޺뿴ֻ֮ѡһĻѡ˭ʱɫ˱䣬ȴʲôû˵ֻȻޡ
ҲǣŮһŻʧ룬ģҲûбҪôˡֻвѰֵԳ氲š
ѾѾȨĵˣֻܻ֮һ˭˭ǾҪĵܵѡˡ޶˵
ЦںһƷ裬һǰĶĵܣ㻹ǸѶϵˣ㣬޸ͲΪѣһȵ۵ĹѪȻ飬ľ˭öֲ
ʵֻ뿴ıֶѣĵѡҲ޲ĵܣΪľ
ȻԤϣľȴ޳ԾĵܵԥҡڲȴԵøѡ
޿߳Ųᶨûһ˿ԥͳϧǸŮǸӣǸγ֮ţ
뿪һһһ㱨Ҫҩ̣˵ı棬ЦˣŮӻͬķһ㣬ԡˣ
̧ͷҿϵ£ͬϵһ㣬ʹΧзҲ⻪
˵̫Ѻ̫ҽȥˣĵǸŵС̫ࡣʣҶ֪ǸϸҺ̫ҽȥʲôԭͶҰĵƽվʧҪ˰ɣ
ϵǾޱЦˣ̫ްǸӸǣҪǻòʹ죬ҪԶضλФ룡ôǸô׾ˣվʧ׷ƤҲҪھֻҪڣ¸ĵ֮ͲпܣֻҪţĸӾ͵Զ裡ԣڽɽ𢣬ޱˣ޶ģͱˣ
·תʸ޵š˵ġ޶˵
ȥúòţעⲻҪ©һ˿޶
Ϊ佫Ȼ֪µҪżǼ٣޶ﲿ󣬳ΪҴĸ󻼡
˽°ŵҪסĲ壬Ҳǲ޵úЩȷǲԿǡ
ǸϳϺ˵ģôǴչƱĻᡣǵĽ˵ҪľǺƱϧƲﲿԱҲӵúܣײҲࡣڻûдӦΪĽ⡣
΢Ҳ뵽㣬Բżæϵġ˵
ǽˣǵ˵Ҳ޵ģϾһϳϺĻΪš
ƻܿͶˣǸ˭ȥأ˵ҪıԣǹˣҪϤƺȴֲ֪ݣŵùˣ˼ȥܷЩˣĿǰҲֻˡ
£ϾֻһŮӣοԵΣǰȥǧ֮Ļ֮أ˵ѡ󣬴ʧɫ
޿û˵޲ǲ֪µ⣬ѵ޾Ͳ𣿵ǣʱȣֻô޻ԼӰĻɸϣƽ
ƽؽ񣬻ŮӣֻǶһ˰ɣϧһŮӣ޾Ե뵽鲻Խһ£ܻȻܰ󹬣ȴҲὫԶ޵ߣԶ뿪
ڶᣬʼ



һ·ϣǸ򶼲˵Ҳ϶źˣʱҸ֪Ȼͻ֪ģҸüģȻҲġ
ˣǾϢһ·Ժ󣬳һҲ۵Ŀջǰͣ
߽ջƹЦݵӭ˹ˣͷ׼ˡ
ҲɫظС¥ˣס䷿ҪʲôҪֻкһͺˡС˵
Ҵ¿ͷɾ룬ͳͷˡ
бڴ񣬺Ȼš
ɡֱӡ
һ갫Ӻһĸ˽
СвƺͻϼˡŹغ÷źǶ˵
ԺǸ𣿡Ҵһۣͨͨĳ࣬˶ϲ
ǵģСһ˵İšвƱϹϾ˵
ҪĶأʡ
׼ˡ˵Ȼǰһͳһţݸҡ
ҽӹȥһ˵޼ׯĵҷˣհݣΪɷ޺ʱˤˣ̱ڴʶ˴ξҴ͹ܼвһɹݡ
ҿ󣬰ŷŵˡ
Ժ˵ʳӾūźˡ˵
Ǹ׼Ĺ׼𣿡ȥ֮أȻɳӰңʱ˻ǿԼøȫЩ
Ѿڷ˵֮ˡв˵
˽ЪϢɣǾ͵ҹˣʱֻҪˡв˵
ҲǣʱȣҪļ֮ǰϵƹ·;ңԶһ·ȥֻµƻ˶ˡ
ڶ̵ʱ򣬺Ѿ˼ÿϳ˳򣬻˻ţͻ˶һڳӵǰ棬Һûм˵ϸң޼ׯĻԺ£Ǵ˴εܻһ֧ӣ̶Ӳ޶¡
ȻЩֱȴϸ緢ҵϲãܿͼסˣźҲʮġ
Ϊ˱;ģЩ飬·ʱڳϿʱ䡣
ȣҿʱϱһԵһΪҴȣɢǳʻǾԲҴڨģ֮䶼ʮֽ
ʵֻֻӵ˶ȻǶҵ̬ȼΪҲǣǱ㲻˵ϸΪϵӰֱָӣƽֻӻϵĵǲǻϵĸˡЩܱ֮ѡΪӰ˵⣬ڷʵĹҲǱزٵ
ʵ뺱ƹȻҹ̣ʱϻҪ¶޽⣬ǱϴҸʦ̫߲߱߻ԵѾǺ̫ˡ
нҲûôˣ֮ҲʼĻ漸ϵ˵ҲʼϬ֪߹ؽƹָշսֻ±ߵҪˡ
գ￴飬Ȼоٶˣҵһֻ鷳ˡǷе飬ÿ⿴ѾеϳһԲȦҵΧм䣬˵Ѿ˳ȫ䱸׼ӭС
ƿӣ¹ˣ˲صģЩǻӦֻ밲бɡ
û˵ӣִλóڸʦ̫Եʱ򣬾ͼϴٵĳӣǾνҲ̶ãǲӲÿζеɱ⣬᲻ߵĶŻյνĺԡԷĳӣ룬Ǳֻ·һ
ӺȻ΢΢ȻΪǵǴƥٱʱ𶯣ɴ˿ɼֻ²Щˡ뵽ҲսĹ
˷ģūһỤӷ˰ȫġ϶˵
һЦܺùз˰ɣ
ڴʱ춯صߺУˣ̰Ѵƿ⿴ȥ泾죬ıϴٵĳӵĲս˹ĿʼǵҲרעˣǴ˿Ҳ˹Ҷһеǰӡ
ţºȻһļ̷˳ȥ
нǵӰĳҲʼֳ
һס񣬾𹭼ʼ׼żһӦҶ䡣ʱͷļȻ˹նڵ¡ڼ䲻ͣкͱնɱǻǽϵس˹սһ
ȥһӣźɫźɫͷҵߣͻսһƬҵͬȴΧǰĶֻ²ǸС
ڴʱ߸ҵ˸ţʹúԶҲܸо۾һȻͲ˹̴ȴһƫ˹ȥ
һץ֧ڹϣҵҪô㣿
֧˹ȥؿڵļȴûжȺͷļµӦأԼҲˤ
һˤǶʱЩˣеĹȻҲǼ鷢
һ죬ǿʼˣǸڵصһѾסһҸϽô׼ıģշˤǵǳ׵ˣֱǿɱ˲١
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Щ½һ£ǵ϶иεװʱѵظ˵ûв´ղе½һ
Ȼһ½һ
ҲɵסˣҾȻŵɱͷ죿
½һͷϵĺͷϣǺţ·Ըͳһֻֽ̿ϻʲô
ЩĶʮѸ٣Ӻܿˣ·һʱ½סһˣݸһţҰѰȥ϶͡
˽Žɵؽӹš
Ϊʲôô£Լ³ݡ
½һΪ׵һ꣬ĺǶǺ֮ǣٸҲ׷ȴǳЧȷܲ߰ĵĺϢЦ˵
㲻Ǳһ̲סˣϾĺȻʹ˰֡
ش϶Ҫϳȥһʱ䣬ҴʱʱҲҪʤ׷ȫ
Ҳ˵ˣȴȻŤͷһۣ뷢Ȼûһգı£¾ﲿҲܺɣ
û˵ҵʦﲿʢֻ֣ǣټǸΪһʦͽǰԵǸδ֪

뺱

˼СǶûѶٹͰǸ˸
ǺƹսҲôһǸϴ˵
˱˪ԽõӳأֻϣҵսһľǣԲ̫ƽ˵Ļ
ˣأͽ뺱ƹˡ϶˵
ͷȥ߸ߵĳϣӶƻֺ꣬ȻǾʫʹǷɽڣ̺ɽһŮȴҲбģȥ۶裬ҶҪøһƽǿԹϰӣ
뺱ƹڣһоΪŴɱ߾̼ƵҵļУǺƹڳΪٵĳˡ
û뵽ʱﾹȻĿ꣬ҵ֡
Ǻò˼һɾĿջס£ƹģҼǵǰǷǳٵİôڡҲЩֵʿջƹ
֪ȥһ̣ƲսˡΪΪԱӵĴҲ࣬˳ﵫǼЩģܵģˡֻʣЩܲĺûطȥģˡҺǴˣûйΪңĺƲˣץȥūˡջƹ̾˵
Ҽҷ˴Щݣ֪أвʵ
ԭȺƲԭãǴɻʳҲϲȥݡԺˣҪݺƥˣҪȾԺͬݣһپ٣Ժ٣١
ô֪ҲֵʣôҪϢΪڳǰȻһ֪
Ҳǰŷƹ˵
ǼΪʲôԺȻݵأѵ©˷ˣǼǡ뵽ҵﲻЩ䡣
ǳԭݣ𣿡ʡ
پǲԭˣڹ鱱ԺܣôΪԶҾͲǺˡ
ҼǵԭûбԺԺİҵӡ棬ƺûԺԺơ
ﲿսʤƲ䣬ƹսɱﲿǰЩӾͷԼ˹⺱ƹԭȵĽֳ˶ķݣԼ׽ĸӡԺĴӡйԺĵھŸӡԺӡ庱ԺӡΪջ壬ƹҲ£ɴһһ˵ƹڵв;вŷģνƻûб仯죬ˡ
ϣڷſջƹ͸¶ϢĿǰȻﲿ콫ĸӶǻкֵ֮ģдйķãŶķش֮Ȼӿ庱εľˡҲķַ⣬ӻûôǲǿ֮ìܺأ
ҲʼԺлвƸҿйﲿй
ﲿȻһĲ䣬Ҳкܶķ֧ĸ֮ܵõﲿƫȻĸĲǷֲġ
й;Ŷĸ׷ֱﲿķ֧ոֵãϣΪһεﲿ죬֮ìҲ񣬵Ȼӿ庱ҲС
ˣȥĶ峿вҡ
ȥԺϽԭ˵
˲ԺǱթ𣿡ҡ
뻢ѨɵûӣңҵļûдԺйǸ̰ˣɱԣÿһҪѸõӶһգˣ֮ԻųΪ˾Ǯơ˵
Ҽǵǰʱ򣬾˵й֣˵ײеĲԭǻҪб̰߹Ҫ̰
˲£ҡ
ˣ֮֮ʲô˵ˣҲûð˵ЩʱЩ飬¾ܹ˵ġ
ǰԭһ·ϿﲿƤ޸ڣ˫ַĺƲˡһʲ֪ԭԺҪˮΪԼһйЩ˾Ǳȥġ
Ʋﲿ䶼䣬ȻΪڴɣܵĻӰ죬ʼ޽ǳأǹģ󶼺СҲࡣ񻹶ΪݶӣļǨ㣬һطʹסʱ񣬵ҲԺȴ޽йͷֻҪݼ˰ɣ
ЦЦͺã˿ʼ׷ֵʱ򣬾ͷԷʱʱñģֻҪļǮʣܰԼ趼ˡ
պǵԺڵĵطɼ۵ĺˡ
޹ܼңĴ˭Ժĸ취ܰŪݵ飬Ǿãܣ찲ǼԺٺúҶв˵͵ԼŰ죬Ͻˣ룬С»Ѳסġ
вӦųȥˣһͻظңԺĸҵˣ˵ˣڷԺϽķΧˣҪȥԺ̸⣬һòҲ򲻵ġвѾ˵ͨǸĸǾԺ档
ҿԺˣëЦˡ
͸ҶЩǸĸٺ죬ҪԺҶв˵
Ǯأҡ
ҿвƣľҷḻ߼ǮǶ٣
в룬ʮġ˵ǰǸյʱǮ
ȥ굽ڵļǮǶ٣ʡ
һʮˡش
޹ܼңΪʲôļǮݵֲԺġ
ϸ룬ġ
޹ܼңͰ˵ǮǶ٣ͽ٣ԼһЩǲҪɡ˵
ǲеأл
Ȼ˼ǲֻط֮Ǿȥطͬݣ룬ĸطݼӦù˰ɣ
ˣģ
Ժ̰ģǱǲòϾǵĵϡ˵
ҲһݣȻظôݣֻԺٱҲỳɰɣȻﲿԴϻǱϹϾģأǸˣ㲻練ƣҲʮþȡԣҲòСģ϶໨Щ򣬶ЩʱգҲҪȷһʧ

ܹ

еò˳𣿡ڶ죬Ժĸİ£вƼԺʱɫȴÿ
ĳܣ˷˵Դɥ˵
ԭԺȻݵļ۸񿪵һİĵۣвɣǲϽۣ֮£вֻÿֶ顣
һİģԺҲδ̫̰˰ɣҲԾ˵
ȻҪ̰ˣҪй檣ҪǮвĴԺʱҲϵߣΪľһЩٷ޷֪СºСϢ
һİģ𣿡ʡ
裬˵İģǰ˰ģҲҪ˵
ѵ˴㰴Ժļ۸ݣвЩԾҡ
ֲǮյãҪô˷Ѱ˵
Ƿ˵״أвԴɻؿҡ
û˵ǳ⿴ۡ
˷ģֻĲӬɲ˵
֪йĸֵܹϵãǣǶǻϵˣֻϺܰңȻҲǼ򵥽ɫ
ľŵܡԺ˵
ƣǶ֪ɣǡ
룿вƻȻ˵
취Ϣɢȥ˵ΪԺҪ̫ߣԺݼ۸˺ܶ࣬Բ˶㵽ԺϽĵȥչݡ˵Լ뷨
ҪһԺҲ˼Ǯô죿ʡ
ǶԱԺ˽٣ǡ
Ժ˵ֵͨĻģ;ѧΪҲǫͣ˵ڰеźܸߡ˵
ԣ˵ԺжٿܻΪ˶ҪǮԼǫ͵أҷǡ
Ҫֵ֮ĲͺͲ¼ɣԺ¼۸񣿡ңЦŵͷ
һʹ򲻵ݣֵܶ˵϶ֻҲвЦˡ
⼸컹Ҫܹˣ㻹ҪԺĸһڹӣֻҪǵϢһɢȥ̱Ҫ¶棬룬ʱǻģǸʱ򣬸ô˵˰ɣЦвơ
˵
˹ȻǶı̾
ǶıǲⱾˡҿЦ
ǶʱЦˡ
պ󣬱Ժݼ۸Ͷ׹ϢʹһЩﶺЩʱȴ޷ΪǮ̫߶޷ݵѾʼǰԺءҲ˵õģʼʰһ׼뿪ӡ
ܹܣү㡣һĽ˶߽סĿջ
ĳæʰҪ·ˣʵǳ鲻ʱȥүҴݵĴ⿴ȥвΪ״ؿˡ
ˣү㣬ңôĵزȥ˵۾
ӴˣǮǵе˶ȥԺݣҪȥˣֻ¾򲻵˰ĳʵûʱȥүˡв˵
˵ôģǸﶼҪȥǸԺݰѵǼүݻȲǼҵ𣿡˸Ӳˡ
˭֪Ժݺðв˵Ǯʵ̫ˣҪǮݸȥˣҼ˻Ҹɱˣ
ҲˣвƣǻϷ֪ңҲҪ˵Ļء
Ҫ٣˺Ȼˡ
ҵҪЩǸǮˣˣһøϽװأⵢ·̣Ǽ¡в˵
ȴĴ˿Ȼвһ䣬ֹƬ̺вˣϲɫػˡ
˹ȻµòԺȻסˣͬݵļ۸һҲҪһ⡣вͣͣҡ
ЦˣǲǸղ˸˵ҪǿϸЩô԰˵ԺٰѼ۸񽵵Щ
˻㡣˴Ĵָ
ˣʲô㰡Ǽ˰һ˽µðˡ
Ƿڴô죿вҡ
ȥ˵ҶԸݵļǮܳģ㻹Ҫ˵ֻҪܰһƥƱǾ͸ʮҶһΰ͡
Ժ𣿡вƵüͷˣϾƹӱײˣǽҲǺܶࡣ
ǮʹĥģӺĸڶ굽ǮȥˣǻвҶΰͣǻϹġҿвƣ޹ܼҲˣ֪ôܹܹݣԣôǾϹͿˡ
ˣĳҲʹݵʮƥвϲɫشˡ
޹ܼˣζ㣬ǲŵսݡЦ˵
վͿװֻǷ˴δأͻشɣǡңϾҪǴЩ·ʵ׸ҪǷŻȥٻֻʱ
ӻɿˣһݺƥ˻شɣǵĿ껹ûɣҪǰ˵
˵ĳлȥ𣿡ԾؿңϵָûݣȻҲ˳Ծ
ǣҺ˻ᵽԺȥչݣѺűݵ˷ĵطͽǷ£ǻغϡΪϵˣ˴ɾȻ˽ӦðͰ͵ܵȥϸ
ΪʲôȥԺȥԺأԺݲǸ࣬𣿡ʵ
ڱԺԺ֮ݼ۸ִֻҲѾ˶ԺĶ˰ɣҲǻԴӲݱͷʽڿϱԺֳĶ᲻ȡж𣿡
ҵһ˵ǶƵƵͷǡ
ǿĺòϣֻ½ҴɻʳһŮ˵λ÷ǷĪвƳ˴Ĵָ
ҾͽܹܼˣЦ˵



ܹܣǾֿɣǼѺ˶Ķһ·ҪСģҪˡҶܹ˵
˷ģҵ֪ôġвҾԺ˺ͳӵİΣͽˡ
ܹܷģĳһ˵İȫ˵
ԺҪ·ǿӱޣҹ̰ɡ˵
˵ܵ𣿡ʡ
û£·Ҫ˵Ϊ˲Ժע⣬²Ҫ鷳ںвһ뿪ԺϽغŷֿġһһ·Ϊץʱ䣬Ҫҹ̣ӱޡ
ѾԺϽˡҶ˵֪ܹʲôʱܸǻϣ
;˼Ǻţ˲صġ˵
ҲŤ⣬ԺϽأоˮݷԺϽرν֮ԺϽΪڿˮĵطˮȻȻγ棬ԲľĳȻҲûԺϽصĺá
û˲ƣԺľٶԺҲݵĽȨյԼǾݣҲһݶ򲻵ΪݶԺˡ
ǳȥԺİúĸҲҪͬͶã°빦˵
˼Ҷ˵ԺģͰ˵
˵ûУУҲܸ˵Ը
ĸأĸİûУʡ
˵ԺĸͬԺĹƺҲǸ˵ˡ
ԺǳļǮǶ٣ʡ
ÿġ
üͷǮԺϽݶԣȻǸߵ׵ļ۸ˣԺ̰ĳ̶ȿĸ磬治һġ
˴ô죿ҡ
Ƕǳߵˣߵľҷḻʲô𣿡ǡ
ϲõĶûа취Щ鷳ˡ˵ҪͶãϧǵãǶܸô죿
ѵҪ޹˵
ϣ˯ţ
ǲªסϰߣңԺϽؽΪƶ񤣬ֺ̼پ֮סԼûʲôջǺòײŸҵľݣԼȫ˯档
ǣҵںסĺûֻǾڽܲǸ취
˵ձļգʱ򸽽ҪףҲȥ͵ɢɢˡ˵
ҺȻعȻݵԺջˣӦûǻᶨڵؾһ𣬻ཻ˴ҪĶȻûнչǵȥ˵Ҳջأ
ҿƤߺҩģҵĳȻҲĹעʮڵҴкòĺߺţΪ֪ҿҵпҪκͲҶ
ʱشĶʱ򻹻ͣ½Ųּۻۣ˵һǿһ˵ǵԣкøˡ
һ˲ٵƤߺҩġ
ٳȥ˵
ҪЩʲôЩֵʡ
ЩȻ򣬡ҪԺע⣬̸⣿
Цˣһ棬һ棬ԺӦܲ³ġ
Ķؿ˼飬ȻЦˣˣ޹ܼ˵ûд˻Ǹˡ
ƹʶΪ䡣ɴ˿֪ߺ͹Ҳʮ־ġɺͺʱҪĿڱϣڹߣʮģϾЩҲУķѴȡЩ͵ȡû㡣ڶǶԣ˳ǣ򣬾֮͵飬ȻҪˡ
ЩëƤֿңƤߴɾӻõţëƤҪʲôð
Щ̾ǣϿҪҾҪô򵥣ûؾԼҾͲһƤƤȴɵҪ˺ͺõö࣬׼ԼƵģγô࣬ҵ£Ȼǲҵ˽˵飬Ҳ˳ذɣҩĵ;Ͳ˵˰ɣ
Զµ⣬ֻǳЦЦû˵Լȥɡҿûаϣż˳ɵԼҲǺİ
չļᣬҪ죬ǵҲżشƤߣҩġ
룬ǲԺע⣬ͬʱҲɹ˲ԭزĲɹģЩ˻ԭҿ϶ܴ׬һʣвٶԼĲҶ񻻵ģǿҵĲҶǴûмĺãҵĶֱ͵ǰ͵ģ
Ҷôӭֿʼתˣλȥ֮ǲܹҪȨרƷҶһֻҪ˴ɻʳĵһŮˣ뵽ﲻЩ⡣
һָŻװĶһЦŶ˵˻ǸǮֻһ˻ȥҪ˴׸˰ɣ
Цˣ˵ȴȻ˱ְסĵ
֪ʲô״̸˻
ؽˣʰ𣿡һӲĺʵҵĻֻǲ֪ǲԺˣҰ뵽
Ҽҷʲô𣿡ʵ
ԺˡǸ˵
Ϊݵ飬ǾˣҪȥˡ°Լõ˵
ʲôȻܳԾôҪȥˣ
ҲˣǼҷ˴˴γȻûݣҲ˲ĶҲǹԲˡԺϰݵļ۸ܲôɣҼ˻Ƿء˵
ǿɷ÷ٶס죿ʵ
㲻֪궼Ǽ˳ݣ˲ˣųݵģ֮ǰΪ¼˵ģѾ˵ˣһº϶ҪصңҪȻǼ˾Ҫǰҷˡ˵ãȥԺϽأûݡ˵ԺǸͨˣ˭֪򲻳ݣҲЩزҲûȥˡ
˵ĻһʱҲ֪˵Щʲôˣֻڨڨ뿪ˡ
ˣ˵ǻϹ𣿡ҡ
ЦˣϹؼնˣ򣬻ǲ̰Ե̰ԣݵļǮô£

ͻͶ

ڶһ磬˾͹ˡ
𣿡Ϊ׵ǸʵҼүҪˡ
Ҿǰˣ𣿡ʵ
ҪߣԺѾʰң׼ǡ
ѾЩʱˣҲûȥˣȻҷҪˡ˵
˴Ϊݶôôֶˣҡ
ҲǳΣС⣬౾ǮүֲϽۣܲǴɣ˵
ǷܸʲôǮԺڿˡ
ﰵЦشƫƧݵĳԶԺͱԺϽصĺãʶֺ̼ٻᵽݡΪڶڻݣ֮ڽȵ磬ݳãԺٲݸȥԺͱԺǱµոˣݾֻõķݶˡ
֮ǰҷң˵ÿݲӦһٰʮġ
еݶˣǮͰ˸ղ˵Σ
Ժжݣʡ
ǧ⡣˵
һϴԺϽصʱѾǰǧݣ󳬹ǵĹơҪټԺǵǧݣǾͼ˳ʱµĿˡ
⣬ҵͷ룬γʱҷֻ˵Ҫǧݣ񳬹࣬ͷûǮҲòԺǲڹ̽ңϾԺϽصݳƶԣǧѾϽݲİ˳ɶˡ
˳ҪҪĵطòҶΰ˵
룬ҪĿģֱ̼Ͳ̼֮࣬Ϊ·Ͳע⣬󶼲ҶΰнףԺϽصĲҶΰͱ֮طѷ
󾭹һּۻۣ˳Ժµǧݡ
˻ǵˡ¿װݵ˵
Ըȥһװã̡˵ǱϾںƾڣΪ˱ҹζ࣬ȻǾ뿪غá
·ϣǰ׷Ѱǵвƣض飬в˴Ĵָ˹Ȼǽü
ҲǶ˴ң²ſԲʹ˵
Ϊװ˻ȻʱǰӱޣнٶҲࡣ
·洦ɼūۺͱ޴ĺƲˣҲ̶á
һգ·Ͽɷ˰סһڵĺˣܣŶûУΪ׵ؾ˵ҰĽŽϣ㻹ôܣ
ס֣Ҳȥˡ
ס֣ôǿԺµˡ
˷ʲôǾȻҪĽŽʵ
ܣĽŽ֪˴Բѵ˵
˶Ǯˣ˵
˿ǣһӣ
ֱҪۣ⺱Ƶūʱһһˣв̲סǳ
ۣ򣡡˵̬ʮᡣ
Ҳ˵ĺɰͳһӣ˹ȥ˸ҷˣ
˵ӣŤͷ˸ƣ̷ſǸˣҡڵˡ
ллˣлл˾֮˹ҵǰ档
ˣЩǮ㣬ӦùһˡﻹЩȥ԰ɡҰһǮһװĴӵݸ
˵Ҳˣﵽﲿˣȥ¿˵
ȥԺϽأ˽ӹҵǮ͸˵
𣿲ﲿ𣿡˵
˼˵ԺΪ˺ʴȣҲܺƣϽڵĺҲܹϺӣӡ˵ţȻһ񣬡ϣΣգҹǷǣҲһҪ˽Ĵ
ϣ¶޵Ĳݵϣ¡
Ǹ𣿡˹
ҲǣҲǡ˵
ŶЩɻؿҡ
ǶԱԺ֪Щʲôʡ
˵ԭѧ켸ԭĻ֪һ˵˵¸йأ
Ǹ˵Ļ𣿡
ͷ
ڴģóٵĺ˶˾ǣȥͻԽԽ׳󣬵ʱﲿһпܾε졣˵
Ժܴ󣬡˵˺񲢲ϣ죿ҡ
µ𣿡
ϾǼϣ׽ɣ˽Ļˡûشҵ⡣
ÿǱϻҧ˶ࣿǱҧ˶ࣿҺȻ
㶡
ϻȻӴʮͣΪ֪Ͷȥϻ֮ڵ˲ǺܶࡣȴڰжûϢڶ֮ڵҪԶԶͻ֮ڵˡ˵
˵ƺʲô
˵ԺֻײеͻĻôԺֻյĶߡ˵ģҵĵǣһƲ˶ˣʵƱسΪǵĸ֮
²ˡ
ô˽ⱱԺƬ֮Ȼʵ
˵ϴҸʦ̫εƾڵʱ򣬾һǵãʱֵʮֵǫѷ򾲳ʦ̷̫𷨵⡣
ʦ̫˼˵ﲿĶӣû뵽ȻôòҼǵԼôʦ̫˵
¶סֻصĶߣĶʱǲ¶ġʦ̫һۣ˵
Ϊʲôֵʣֹ³˱Ǻ̫ˣʦ̫Ϊʲôϲأ
Щˣ֪ˡҪסԺҪԶ㣬Ļ֮ĳΪսթгһգȨֻµնҪˣ
ʦ̫˵⻰ʱı·ҵǰڸʦ̫ǣܹӱпصıԣ㣬Ī

Ҹ嵨

ƹģӣôҪʰƵģȥ·ϣƱؾǻϴס޵ǼҿջͶޣȴƹƺʰҪƵġ
˲֪˴ԺϽԺգʵǹȥˣ˵ǱԺǸʴȿԲٰնͶȥˣС϶Ҳ㵽Ƕȥֿڷԡջϰ˵
Ҹ²˸ɫ
Ǵˣʵڹȥˣشɲ𣿡вʡ
С϶ںѹͷĶֻһŮƫּ˸ˣŮŮڱԺϽ˵ŮǱԺµһʲôСͷͷӹûҲС϶ȥġ
ҵԽأͣȻ
˿ʲôʣºвƸϽ
ѺЩȥҪԺȥӣ
չȻﵽҪ󣬷λҪȥвֵңζؿһۡ
һ·ϵ飬ҲˣⱱԺڴģմȥʵƱҪ
⵹ǿ϶ģҪȥʲôϵ𣿡вҡ
ĿǰչݶǴԺԺչģǡǱԺҪưĶ֡ҿǣ죬ĸɺ꣬ݴԺԺƱ˶ʵǱԺ֮ǡ
֮ĳЩ̫׷ΪҪȥ
ǱԺǸսթˣһλãƱسΪҴɵĸ󻼣ʱѱҴɰղܱ֮֡һ죬Ѵ̣ΪҽյľٶԺԺԺʵҲ׵ؾʹǣư˵һ·ϵţףƽϰ˵ζʲôԣҾԲϣɰһ죬Ϊҵ֮ʧ˰ս֮ࡣ
ĳ˵ӢţǴɾǰ¹ش󣬷˺ηȻشɣٴӳ飿вȰҡ
֪ܹǺģļ٣²˳٣±ļ֮ǰ״¡˵
ܹܣȴ˰ѻ˻أҴ˻ȥϡ˵
ǲҪٸˡ˵Ѿһ뱱ԺϽزĿİ취
ѵ˴ֻ뱱ԺϽأвƳԾʣĲ˵ǽݣһ·˻Ҫٵְ
ѾݣԣҲûʲôҪˡЦ˵ȻѾõ㹻ݣôٱԺֻһ취ġ
вƺ¶һۣʲôˣΣ֮£ҵ򲻸÷գ
Ůӣ˵ע⣬֮Ϥȥõģ˵
֮ǰϷ彻ζҪ˵İȫв˵
֪ôģңΨȥŲעĿſ˳ؼ޻Ժǣô˸һ뱱ԺϽأ벻עⶼѣʱ򷴶ѡңѾ˽뱱ԺϽصİ취֤ע⡣˵
ǣˡвƻ˵ЩʲôҸסˡ
Ѷ˭˵Ҷˡ
˶ʱһƬĬκ¿ˡ
ȻѾǻ˳ŷ˵ɡң˵öԣʱ䲻ˣȥֻļ٣ʱһжˡв˵ȻֿңҸ嵨ǹ¸֮Ȼ˵úе֮ǰϷ¹ҪҵζҪ˵İȫԣ¾»ˣ˿Ѻ˶ȥ
ôУвƼˣԺȻǸսթ֮ˣǴȥضټ裬ʱƾǶ֮Ӧ
ǵĵϣĶɱģʹٶ༸ˣΣ¾ƴҲҪ˱ԺߵĶ
ȰЧ֮£вֻͬ⣬ȴҪ˵Ҫչңһ룬ֻҸ£йŮȷʵ˵ҲʹӦˡ
ڳ֮ǰвưһߵá
ˣٱ֮ǰвƶ˵ıǹˣĳֻ֮ϣȥ˱壬Ҿټ
һܹҲ˰ߵϸߴˡ˵
˵İΣͽˣסһҪ˵İȫвֶϺ¡
вƸ֮ϣ£ȥﰵй۲Ǹջϰ壬һҪ뿪̻ң
ǴǸջϰһ𵽱ԺϽȥҵ⡣
ǸŮڱԺʲôСͷͷ𣿸ȥȻŰЦ˵ңһˣ˺͸ˣȻûôҡ
Ƕıܼ̾
ЦˣҲǲǧ˰ˣΪҵ֮ʧʹñԺսһҾǴɵǧˣ
ҺϾסϣ»š
˽üѹֻΪҳһ·ŵŮӡϿҵǾ塣
ЦˣʵŮӱͲŮӶвˡϸŮӺһĻͻֻӼŮӣҪ֣
ˣƹʰ˶׼ˣ¼Ҵҵع档
ҸϽߣ
ˣģ뿪Щ˵ǱԺϽػЩءϷ˵õģοԱ߿޵ϡﻩҡ
ƹģҪ뿪𣿡װĿջƹϹԾʡ
С϶ҪǰԺϽأλˣջƹƵؿſɵޱĵҡ
˵ˣǼҵǸ˿治ǸҼҷ岻ãԸԼǧչݣ˭룬ҼȻڼӵұ˺üҡô˵ҿ޵øˡ
˵ҼҷصǸ龰ܲ𣿽Ҽ˵ãȻ˷ҼҷˣϷ߷߲ƽر˵Ĩᡣ
ɵǿסŮԭҲǼ˸ˣҲܲˣɴͶңּ˸ӣ㿴Ӳǹúúõġԣ˵ˣҲˡƹȰҡ
ǰˣ˼˵ĶãѽȷĵסţȹӣȻ֪ĺã㻹㣿Ȱҡ
ƹĲҪ𣿡Ҳ˵
Ҫ˸һ𵽱ԺϽȥƹ˵͵ɢɢҲá

Ժ

ϣҵԱߣ»һ档϶ҵĸΪ˶ҵĿ̱飬Ը뿪޼ׯġ
˱ģԷ˵ƷǱԺϽأֻЩ˻ͷջƹ˵Ƕ
ȻЩ߶ȴʮĳҺȻЩԼ뱱ԺϽأһҵݱ¶ŮŮ
뵽ҲսȭͷѾû·ΪĴɰգҲòֻϣ촹˳񣬻Ҵɰ̫ƽ
ںƣԺƵνָƣ֮Ǵ˵ݣһ·ǵҲûܵʲôĵѺͲۡΪ˲˵ע֮ǺѸߵһ·޷ҹ̣ٶȻҲࡣǽ뱱ԺϽصʱѾʮպˣľǰˣҵﲻЩˣʵʩƻ֮ǰͿʼȣǾֻյһˡ
һ·֮ϣϸع۲ΧƲ˵ĴԺںڱԺڵĿν֮һ·ϲʱдԺϽԺϽصĺˣմȥֻǱԺҪк˵ˣ
˲ϷһȥҵŮŮǸ㰲Ÿס˱Ժסĵط˵
һ·Ѿ鷳ˣݲ鷳ˣݻҸطס£նᵽĸȥŰݷá˵
Ҹֿˣ֮ôҲΪǾؼһЩпܵ˺ǣ
ԺסϽˮ˳ȻԺϽв㣬ǱԺͶԺϽνǺõ̫ˡ
ΪԺԭѧܺĻӰԶ̣Ĳú͹ɵľȻ֮
Ҳ½ĿջнΪһס
£ȥݵļ۸񡣡£ҲҲṺݣͨݵļ۸ٰѱԺȽϡ
ˣˣºܿͻˡ
Ȼгۣ۸Ҳй涨˵
ҵüͷˣԺǸɫءһУǰԼǼ̰Ƶĸ˿һֻ²ֹǺ˻ͶﲿˣֻвҲͶһϽص˿ڱӡɲҪСЩ˵˿ڣƹΪΪݶӣ첻֮ʱἫΪ٣˲ͬĲ֮䣬Ĳ֧֮ͬΪõĲݵأϣʶսƵ˿ӻԣںƹǿΪɷعѵŮӵģΪǸŮҪΪɷعѣҲ޸ˣΪľǶЩӣ׳ʵ
ɷ˵ŮˣҪǷڴɣֻһˣҪǷںƣҸټ޵ģҾԲҲҵΪʲôһԵɣΪݲܺؽҵڴɵԭ
ܴĥԺϽصʣ𣿡¡
ҡҡͷѣ˿Щʱ䣿
ĵĲݼУҪչ϶ʱڿƺֻһпˡҲɵͷʹˡ
ǷҪȥʣΪأʡ
ʣ࣬ôҲûʲôҪˣлʣܶ࣬ǽҪϸﻮˡ˵
ˣ»ץʱŪġ»ش
裬ҲһȥĴҶ˵
ת죬ǼѾʼԳԾԺͶˣЩһеĺˣҸǰųסĵطҪԹֳסĻѡѸٵؽֳǷºӣʹֵܵĽҲԵһҳԾǣʼ޽ˮ̣һƱؿ԰ڵλϵĲأӶճưﲿ䡣
⼸쿴֪˵ľжȷⱱԺմ˷չȥƱسΪҴɵĸ󻼣϶˵
ǰԺ𣿺ԶԱԺ˽͸Щɵҡ
ǰȷǿ˲ңһûǸΪˡ˵ǰɵøֳ˾ʦ̫ʦ̫ǸˣһֱûŪ
𾲳ʦ̫ĹȥȴֻǵһЦѶţȥһѻҷ𣬲ˡȻؿһۣ¶סȥһУ˾˰ɣȻһʹġ
ʱҾ룬ʦ̫Ĺȥѵʹ𣿲ȻΪλ˵أֻǣʦ̫ȥܶѾŪˡʦ̫ѾΪҼǸ׽ȴҲ˽ˡ
˵ǵѾǳԾĻô´̽Ϣ
ԭǱԺȻݣȴϸĹ涨ֻɵݣʣµҪԷһԼʣݣôԽٸͳһбܡµջ󣬷ſԽʣµջȻҪɲΪ˷ֹ̰ͼǮƣ˹涨ݣԺ涨һֶݵûʣݣ޴ʮûеĲƲΪūҪۡ
ԣûΥ涨һԺ˵Ǿ߱㹻Ŀյļ캵꣬ƾڻݣҲԸǡ
ⱱԺȻС˵
ǸҪϸﻮÿһ˵ղ˵ģôʣǲǴѾе˱Ժˣ
ǣƱݣ֮ԺֳŵΪ֮ܣǾͰʣµݶԺˡ˵
Цˣ˵ǻлģ𣿡
Ȼһ֣ʾǸҸǵ
²ڵʱ䣬˵İΣαϣҸ˵꣬¾Щˡ
ҵ߻裬㲻õġ˵Ұ¸ɳȥԺԺɢϢ뱱Ժ֮䱾ͲĹϵʹǶԱԺȡжֻǲȡжˣǵжڻֻǺʹɴ鷳Լ裬ҪһҪӽԺһҪеĿܹõطĶҲܹһ
ˣౣأ裬Ҫչ˺÷ˣʱ˵֪ĵģǣȻˣֻǰҵ͸ûбҪ



𣿡ҰҵŮ֣Ĵ֮£ҵһ
ڣڣǷ˰ɣˣңкҽȥ
ҹŮӱϴ·ȥˣʣͷӺŮˡһͷԵĺӺ̧ͷңԱߵСϣ¶ɫСӵһǡ
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Сģ˺ȻһعŷԼ˼֮䣬Ȼûעӭ漲۶ӣʱӵͷѾ֮ңѡ
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ǣԺûʲô鷳ֻǶѡ裬˵ôǲǺ˽ҿǶǺˣȴôǣǲǺ飿
һʱ֪˵ʲôˣˣǸˣôΪ۴ɵİգƬ֮οҵ
ҲͨհҲһ޹İհʹı۾



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ȻЩǺôڷ絲ֻ꣬ҪίˡǴһǰ˵
˵ﻰ鷳㣬ǹⲻȥˡֻǣǣҲ˿࣬ˣҲҪëձٲٻᶪġⶥȻƾЩǾԲᵽ˱˶ĵز
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ˣˣҲıⰡϿҵķգʰ߶˵
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վ棬εգԣϣԼ΢磬ҾͲôķˡ
ʱһ׳ʵﺺ翸ֻŸڴ˹ǰ˰ɣҰҰֻЩԵĸ͹
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ҲЩ죬ʱһƣݳˣҾ֪׼˵㿴˵ˡֵؿľľһۡ
Ǹˣ֡ľľϽЦ˵
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²ġҸϽ˵һһѵ鷳
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Ӵôడɲ˼ҶǸöݿҸôĲҶƴǵ
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ľŰĸƺû˿Ȼʮֵذſ񣬶ԴЩˣҲʮֿ̱һŮԲŻ˵Ĳ
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Ҳ˵ˣ룬ҲвԸȥǸ˰ɡ

ᱡ

˵ֿɣϻʱ򣬿ڷ·
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ղҸȥĢʱǻһң˴ҸʲôأԷʱЦŸ˵
ﲿжŮ٣ʶŮʮ֣ŮֻҪ֮ڵģٻعѣټޡŮӣô˵עĿҲʮġ
·أŻӣѾѾˡ
ҷڴ·Цӭ˹ȥˣɡ
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ڼֲø飬Ȼˡ˵ȻʲôִӹóһӣڻǰӣЩ۽
ӴôĶɲҸԣݸϽסң۽ʮϡĶҲײܳԵ
ʲôҷҲû˳ԣٲԣɾͷŻˣӣץ˼ѡ˼ģȥݱڻѾѾ
Щ۽ұŪ˺󣬾ҵġ뿪ǵʱ˳ְʰ˽˵·ϳŽƣһ·Ϸ糾͵ĸ·˼԰ãӺѾѾˡ
㿴㣬ôĶԼԶãôСĺӣҲԲЩʲôݿųԵýζĻӺѾѾ˼ظ˵
ҲϲЩ뿪ʱ·ƣЩŰˡҺһžͷ鲻ԣԶûжؾͳˣҪˡҿЦ¡
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лĵھӣҷ߽
˵û°ɣҡ
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ˣûãûɷ˽񡣡ϲ˵Ҳ£ѾھӵĿ֪ݲֿʧء
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аնǸľ𣿡ҡ
ΣҶҪԣľˣһһ˵
ŻˣŻˣҹ˯ԺģȻ˸¡
Һ̾ѣܵػܣȻҸϽȥԶһѾȼ˴𡣱ѵȿֺˮȥȻ
ôŻˣֵ룬⵽ôأϸ룬ͱܵؼ˾ȻС
ˣΰҾȻϣƣػصʱΪж㣬һֱ϶˵
ֻ֪üӦһͳ˯ȥ
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˼Ҷ˵ǸҲݻġݶ˵
Ŷһвһ£˵ľŻҵпԭôôأ
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ŻѸӵԣԼԼᵽıϢ
ӣûУݼææؽҵ
ʲôԣ
ҽںӱϴʱ˼˵ʲôŮŭղԭ֮Ļ˵
ֻȻӿ죬ЩԼԼıζŮŮ˭˭Ů
ߺڵϾþû˵忿ԷԼΪ񣬹ʶ֮˵Ҳϡ
ڣѼĪĻֺ͸¶ıĴԺһҾ͵õһĻ档ľݻͼңûϵǣҾȻȥݲֿ⣬ʱﻢ¡Ϊ˵ߣͬʱﵽҵĿģһݣĴεݻ˵ĿֻţȻû촫ԣ˵Ŀֻźͷŭҵ
ľ飬ȻǸЫĺݶŮӣֻǣ͹ˣ
һΣҪΪµ鸶صĴۣ
裬Ҫ׼ǿҪһδˡ˵
ˣҪСġҲ˵˴Ե飬ɫص˵
ģΣҪ˰ʯͷԼĽţ˵
ŮŮһҹҺȻĺҺƺԽԽ
Цˣľ飬ҵ뿴͵ʴʱʲô
ŮĻӳҵҿԿԼԼܶӰ
ŮȻǾҪˣһӲĺﺰ
ˣϿҪȥץסҡ
İɣҲµģϾǴˣǻ׵شһˣ˵꣬һ˳ȥ
ҳղŻֵȺЩˡ
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ɷ㵽ǰѻ˵򶨵˵һҪץסˣҾȱ˴ľ
˾þòվǰ
ôˣվǰûǶصӵΪ𣿡˵
˲ˣ֮£һСӸǰ档
䣬£ղŶ˵Ļ˵һ飡һŻѣվǰοӶǸ˵

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ǸСӵؿΧһȦȻֿң㲻ǣΪʲô֮ͽӶط֣˵
ЦˣûмǴĻȷе˵ǣΪʲôԺ󣬲ŻӶط֣
Ʊ磡ǸοӺ
ⲻǽƱ磡˵εĻǶˣֳֵҲˣǣЩԼģǱΪݻģ
ҲƵ׷ǸοЩмܲס
㲻ҪͼƱ磬ŭΪʲôӶط֣ǸС˵
˵úã˵ʵҲ֪Ϊʲôºƽ£Ǿҵľ֮ͿʼӶŻأ
Ҹľ֮Ĺڣ˶֪ҵĻ䣬Ⱥ
ԣľǾԲôģ۷׷ףǸС̻ţʼ¶ˡ
ô֪ľ鲻ôʲôˣƾʲôı֤ͱ˵ʡ
ǸСƿˡ
龰ȺԽ۷׷ףϾľΪ˴Ҷ֪ԸղǸСӵĻûΪľ鿪ѣӴɡ
˵λǸˣԲŮģݺľľȺм˹
ӶĻôͣȺʡ
ҪҵŮãҲ޻˵֪࣬˭ݻ𣬲ƵٷǾӦðá˵
Ⱥ۷׷˺ܾãǸοҲԱߵ˽ͷӶ
ľľ磬ҿǸСӣǧˣҵľľһǸСˣʱҾͱˡ
ľľң˵ͷ
ϸ뿴ʱĻֳҶˣ۵ĺۼŭбҪӻ𣿡ڻֺھһؿ𳡣ڼֵĵطԵ۵ĺۼ֤˹ݻ𣬲Ϊûӵø죬ȼ͡
ҿȺѾ˵ˣţҵĻ϶Ӱ졣
ǣҼ˵ңǲ룬νŭĴԵǴʲôطģΪֻݻ߲ŻĴΪԼѣ
Ⱥʼ۷׷
ҿ˵һ˶Աߵ˵
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ĶԻʼȺ֮ظͷľ˵ϡ
²ٶ˵ľЩֵĹϵѾȻˡ
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ȻȻһݣַǼϣ
㣬㻳ңС˵
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˵ԼŻԼʳͬʱԼҵĻ䣬ȺһƬЦ
㲻Լ񣬿֤ܲݲָֿ޹ذɣǿ硣
֣ҶԼ棬Ȼ޷֤ʵŻǰ󣬺ܶ˶һشʧ񸽽û뿪
Ҹ˵꣬̿ڣǰ֤ʵ˵ģڲֿŻ֮ǰһֱġ
ǰҲ֤ġھӿˡ
ǻи𣿾ĶָʹȥŻ𰡣
ҪǣȽҵʧʱ˺صˣ޷߶ʵϵ֮أˮݲֿݻйأΪ˿ˮ̫ãԲŻ׷׵
ûϵҸģ׵ñˣʱûа취µءǸϷҩĺھ˵
µأǾǸС𣿡ҹСָҧصģϵ˶֪ѾԵķˣСһ˵
ǡ˻ǣȴ˸ˡ
ôãɵľСˣվԱߵǸοһѾסӣ㣬⼸λֵʱ
ңڼ˯˲Щ֪ͣӱ˾סˣ˵أ£
˵ѣλֵʱûڼңһ˺Ȼ
ϣҼҺӺȻ۵Ҽζ۵ҩ͸ϽȥҪǵǰ棬˰춼ûӦҼʵûӣ˯ûԼȥˣȴûˣҴû˺Żˡ˵
ԭ쵰Żյ񣡡Ǹοȭͷȥ
ΧҲ׷׺쵰
ס֣ҸϽ
ҪΪ飿ǸοӾȵؿҡ
ııĻôˣңˣ˵ҿǻǰԺɡ
Ϊʲôԭϳ֮໥Ѱ𣬽Է鲢ټԽСӼʹ˴ҲʲôΪǲԵġ
ղĻǶˣ˵漰ԺĲ˰Ժõġʵһиɸ˵뷨ҪǸŴᱡҵıԺ⣬ҵҪδҳ⡣
ҵһ˵ķڷѺСˡ

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ӣˣľľҲ˴Ĵָ
ݷ򸾣߽
˹ȻüȻûгȥҲѸղŵ˸
ھͿǱԺδˡ˵
˲˵ݲֿŻΪ𣿡ҡ
ϳϣѾ϶лֵݻˣʹٲϣҲǻᱻΪڵѡҲΪʲô˰Ժԭ򣬼ʹٲϣҲı䲻е뷨ˡ
ǱԺȻ˵ǰƻԴĴʣָδأҡ
ĵĲ޵ʵҽٶʵҲðգΪҪ豱Ժֳȥľ飬ҪժҸֵĹϵֻǣԺȻսƻʦ̫ԣôǸӵݲֿݻ֮£ԺƱػɡǣҲôôҾ޷ľҵвҲ޷ժҸֵĹϵȨ֮£һѡһʱǱðգʱ˭ĵӸ˭ðգ˭ͻӮ
ɽǰ·裬㲻صġҰο裬ҪСľǧҪ˿ٶˡ
ϵȺ׵ȻĵھΪ˲ԭе˵ĲҩһⲻҪġ
˷ģѾоöˣǽҪ鷳ȥժҰ˺ʹˮʵڹⲻȥ
ûʲôùⲻȥģʵҪңҲô˵赽ݲֿȥݻҲΪʱˮ񻯡
֪𣿵ǸʱҼֱǻһĴŮΪڶ죬Ժվںӱ߶˵
κһʱ¸ңνرǵ֪Լпܻᱻʱ򣡡ұϴժҰ˱˵
ҵǾ¸ңǾĻǣ򶨡˵
Ժˡ˵
ɲǹ£ܹͷͷͷǵط飬˵ˣֱ££˵ŮˣӣҲûжվұ˵
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ҿɲǵҼԺ˵ȥһѵѾϳҾǰ;ʦ̫һǸСŮˣ
޷ǰûмҲԺϦദָֻ٬
ԺǻȥľϦദɣϵ飬ݿľˡ˵
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ӣɽֵⲻǵġľľ˵
ⲻǣҳԾؿǸοӡ
ҴǸһĹ㺦˷ˣصⲻǡ˵˫ַǰ˸ԭĴ
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ѽʲôˣ˵ǸľôĴݻ𣬼޻ˣ˵Ҳ֣ʲôˣǲղֿ¶һҧ˵ǼǷݺ˵ֲ֣ɽ˵
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ϣɽ͸¶ϢҺϻˣǵղֿ£ϣľȻҲϡһƻıԺƱػģҸôܲɵҵأ
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˵һʲô»еУȴΨһأԺƻҵĻ
ҵĻ𣿡̧ͷ
⻰ô˵Ϳ
ҸɽһԷ˵ˣǸʲôˣǲݲֿ¡ôңҵȻҪˡ˵
Цˣǲ̫ˣ
ھϵ֮ҲòѧӱСġ˵
ȷʵ֣Ȼϳ飬ΪʲôΨϳأԺζҡ
ʸش˾塣˵
һҧ˵ġԺϬؿҡ
Һõʱкܶ˿֤һֱʹԱߣû뿪һǻ춼˵ˡ˵
Աɲֿݻˣ˻ͼ޻ˣΪԼѡԺɫ۾˿̾˷Ķһضҡ
뱱ԺҳǸףҲⲻ֮ԩҺηؿ۾
ôңãЦˣģû˿Ū˵꣬ˡ
ԶȥӰҲ˿գ

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ҽںӱּԺˡҶ˵ھӸҩϵĺѾʼȥ
˵ʲô𣿡Ͻŵҡ
ڻǣ˵ãݻĺݲֿĸͲһˡ˵
ʲôϳԾ˵
˵Ǹƭˡ
ô죿˵
ʱõģȻǣǱϾǣ浽ĳҲпܻᱻ˵ΪҪΪԼĳ
ϸ˵ʲôȻ˺ˣ裬£𣿡
ҺϲԿһۣ£ˣ
ҸϽ߳һ£
ˣ裬˵
Ƕã㣬һ·ˡҰý
ҲУԺԺԺڴֻڵȴʱ졣˵
ǾͺãԺƻǳǱҪǳСģѾݲֿŻйˡ˵
²ЩԾȻˣ˻ǸϿ뿪˵ΪµıԺԷ˲
ʱᡣ˵Ȼϸ˵ˡ
û뵽ﾹȻ˵ķӿ֪ˣҾЩϹˡ˵
޷ģǶӦҲûš˵
ڶ죬¸ҵӱȥϴˢ
´˴֮Ե˳ʱ䣬Ϊһ˴һˡûˣ˵
ҳԾĿȴʲôû˵
Ϻʹ󽫾֪˵ľ󣬷ǳģΪصظ˶˼Ӱ˵İȫң󽫾Ҫӷ˻ȥģǱϽȰסˣ˵ˣǾȷˣǺˡ
ϽĶԣˣᱩ¶ҵҲᱩ¶˵פر߹ض꣬ںƹ֪ȼߣƣƱ˵Ĺעʱ򣬲ȲңԼΣա
󽫾СĴ´ӻͳһɫݸҡ
Ҳ˫֣˹ȥĹҵģ֪װЩʲôҴĿڣͳĶȴȻסˣ춹飡ٺϣ
סﲻ֪˵Щʲôãǣ˼ֻ֪ǣϼ縺ŹصҲҲΪҶκصǶ˽ˣԣ㣬ֻǻ˫ᴹ޲δʱ
պ£ôˣ
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Ҹ˵ʲôºȻ˻⣬˳ȥȻ࣬ôҲ׬ЩǮЩá
ףˡȻһƥɳ۶ϵǡԺ
λǣԺǰͣ£Աߵʵ
ǰЩѺȥˣŻ˵
¼Ժ˵
ԺӣƺǸĺ֡
ԭׯ԰ĻԺ˵
Ŷ书Ժ´˵
ڷԶѡ˵
챾ʶĹ򡣡Ժ˵ȻֿңںΪѰ
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ԺȻ˵Ѿ˴ˣȻˣʲôҪأ˵
Цˣǲ˵ĹǱϾڿԴֻ»˵ԣҾãǱ취ײźá
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ͬ⣬ľĳҪǵ湫ʣҾҪִֵԽ󣬱ԺĹ˼ɾԽ࣬ҲԽʹУ
ãͬˣ룬ԺһӦУճʱ̨ǰ
ΪʲôҪӦҡ
ΪҲӦŹ𣿡˵ڱ¶ԼݣңҪõľ飬ͬʱʱϳǵݡ
ѵ˲ıľϳ𣿡ҡ
ģ֪·ˣôܾʹ϶ݵĻ𣿡
ֻǵģշ˵ıԺΪˣֻղǹء˵
νҲûùҵҪҰʲô磬ҲҪô㿪ҵ
ӣ˵Ҫڼ̨ǰǸľ鵱ʣݼææظˡ
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㲻֪ϴǸɽ£ǱԺߵղżҴҵң˵ҪǸľ鵱ʣȰ㲻Ҫȥ˵ǸľǳĲҪͲ˵ϴڴɸ˼ұʱ򣬻ڳ˼أ˵ˣǰ׽𣿡˵
ЦˣʵҾǵ걻кǸˣԣҪ֮֮
ӣĻȥ˵ˡȰҡ
Ҳ˵Ժƫ̻ĳҪǲӦʣԱʱ򣬱ԺͿ˳˵ҾǸݻݲֿˣֱ׳Ϊĳ
ϸ룬ôһ˵Ҳԣô룬ôģôܶùľôأǿǸҧ˵ķ蹷
ҲҪڶʰľűԺĳ谮ΪҾͲţǱԺǰʵ࣬صߵǷǣڰףƫ̻ľ顣
ӿǴһתһ⣬ôһ˵ҲͷˣģҸָվȺǰ棬ΪúõǸŮ˵磡



Ǹĳ¿ȥıӰ˵
£Ҹһҿ˵˵ǸҵӰһгһգΣʱǱȾһվ
ˣºϳԾؿңҵȷģҪӷ˵İȫ
һҶΪһԼ𣿡ǡ
ǲ˵ˡ
صĶʡ
ˣı⣬ºӰԻ÷˰ȫ뿪¶˵
ЦˣȻǿ԰ȫ뿪ˣûУҾˣʵ˱ԺҵĻɣпܻ۵޹Ҳô
ˣ֮ʣ˻˽ЩúáȰҡ
֪ڵң޷ЩңĶҺõءҿ̾˿£۱ԺβбЩ޹ġӦ֪һǿݵĻʵ治սʿİ׹ǣ޹յİ׹ǡԣĲϣսΪսǰûʤߣ
˵꣬߳սУʤһʧһߣḶصĴۣĽʿսɳİʧļͥʧȥףӺֵܡԣ˵˭ʤߣ˭ǣǣ
͸ɴñİɴҶľ䣬ֿ漷µǣֽתıԺ˿Īı飬ҵǺ뿴 ̬ûгϣķչʲôı飿
ˣǰЩǵƵƵŻ𣬶ԴˣѾľָʹģһСͷͷģˣվǰ˵ǣûгݲֿŻһָǰݷ˷ŵĻȻּ޻ġ
Ļ䣬µѾ۷׷ˣϾѾŮȣ˵Ҽ޻Ŷȵȷߡ
˴ֹס̨ۣΪŪ࣬ԩκһˣǵʣŪˮʯ
Сûеݲֿݻ𰡣˵Ļ䣬Ϻ룬Ҷݻˣݲֿʧģô᲻أ
ûû飬ôϣһжǸŮǣľҧгݵ˵
ǰ뿴ҵݻǸŮ˵ôܵݲֿȥݻأƱ
䣬ûмǴҵݲֿͬʱŻİɣһҳ©
ΪͬʱŻģҲųȥյݲֿ⣡ľ޺޵ؿһۣҵ
ϧǣܶ˶֤ҵʱһֱԼԱߣû뿪ƺû֤˰ɣΪֻǻѪˣ
㣬ʲô˼ľָҵıʵ
˼ǣݲֿŻǰֱ׳ʵ
ǰݲֿŻʱǶݷԱߣأ̨µ̺
һأ㣬ǿʴľǧĵؿ˱Ժһ̨ۣе۾ҲűԺԺһԲֻǵͷľٶѾ֤ʵľ˵滰ḻ̌õ
ЦˣһǲһɣⲢ㲻ͨ˰ȥղֿⰡ
ҵĻһ䣬ľղẔ̇ˣ⻰ʲô˼
ȻͨӶȥôҸݲֿ⣬ݺʵ˵ʵҲǼƽ°е˵ţȻؿ̨ϵѾʼͷӶ۷׷ס
ΪʲôҪȥݲֿ⣿ľʵ
ҪԼˣô֪˵Ȼ󻰷һתҲ룬ΪֹȥңϣĴܰǷʧˣȻȫԸԣΪ˷ɢǾȻĶ飬ұϣЩ⡣ݲֿҪԲԶֻҪݲֿһŻ𣬾ȻƱҪֳ󲿷ֿ⣬ǱߵľȻȻˣұĿȻʹˣ֪ҷĶԲأľ
̨۵ˣҶ񶾵Ůˡ֮Ļˡ
ǸСͷͷòȺˡ
ָֿʹյģôΪʲôϳݻ飬ȴϳϲֿݻأľֻҧס㡣
ǾҪԼˡЦ˵
Ҹû£ôԼ㣬ԭ򣡡ľͱ˵˵
ǰŵĻôԭأҲû
ȻƱ磬ϳϣ˵ġҲֻнҴĿܻԼסվֻǣ漰Ժֻ˵ˣԺ᲻˰˵꣬ҿԺ
Ȼȫ񶼽Ϊľе˶֪࣬ô¡Ȼô;Բ˽ƫ̻κһġֻҪ˵ʵԲԺ˵
Ǻãҿɾ˵ˣתȥ̨µ񣬡ľΪʲôҪңûҴҶҵŻǱ˹ŵĻ𣬼ֻ֮йִԴȻỳɵԣΪϴԼɺͽһسȥңһ٣ٶݻ𣬲ұŮŭղԭҥԣΪľôΪҾǸŮýҵȥҡҿЩ񣬡ΪʲôҪĻǵôأԭܼ򵥣ΪԺĻ˶裬һԺȢңͻʧ裬ļǿݲвĵλԲžҪң
ľƽյͼʣ˶֪һ˵񶼿ʼƵƵͷ
ղ˵Ķģ㻹û˵ΪʲôĶϳϣΪʲôǲϳݲֿ£ľ鿴ķӦʼˡ
ǾҪصԺˡתȥűԺԺȷڰĶߣʱ׼˲ʱҧһڡϧϣһħһɣҲѲ˲˵ģңҪ߳ʹɱߣҲҪúõظһѵ



Ϊʲô˵Ժйأʵܼ򵥣ΪľһУԺйأΪᱱԺĳ谮ҿűԺ˵ҲڿңȻתȥ̨£ΪʲôϳݻȴΩϳϲֿǼأԭܼ򵥡֮Ҫң޻ң޷ǾΪԴףˣӦû˻᲻ϲŮΪԼԴ׵İɣ˵ţҿ̨£̨µһЩô˵Ц˭ϲΪԼԴأò˰ǳħ۸߸ϵĴԹ󣬻ǵλµķ䣬ϣŮΪԼߵɣ
ԣ룬Ժʹָ֪ʹյҲΪ˶Լĳ谮Դ׵ĿĲôġͺǼŮˣΪ࿴˱ŮӼۣС۵ˤ˼ļԼĶ䣬ȻǽɣΪԼŮ˵ںԼң޳ܴͷܴβͣԣڷ޵ϣҲû鱱ԺӦǲ׷ġ˵ͷһ׷׷˰ɣ̨µ˶ʱЦˣÿҶ֪ԺɫܺÿʹϲʾֻҲҪɣ
ڮٴľͼڴ˿ʾԱԺġ
ⲻڮ٣֮顣ȻʱԺҪǱԺĻǾ̨µķ򸾣ƽﳳܣǲǾأ
㣡ľߵָң룬ȷԺƽնĳ谮ͷ磬¸Ĩȥ뷨ڵڱҸҴȻܻˡ
ľ飬һ߰ţð˰ѻ˵꣡Ժˡ
Ҳǣٲڣľôȥֻø
ݲֿͲͬˣܵʱľǲͷԷ顣ݲֿǱԺ񱣹ݵĵط仰˵ǿɲĳ˽еĶǹٸĵطɾͲСڳô򵥵ˣѾСڴܴ˾ˡڴɣ֮䷢ִٻ˶Է˽˵ƷֻҪû˼һԸ⳥ô϶˽ˡҪǻ˼ҵĶ۶٣Ըӱ⳥˽ˣҪ٣صпҪԴҳէʸλĹǷҲأûпԺǿһߵǸСͷͷ㷲ؿ۱Ժֿľ顣
ʹơԺڣȻûп̨˵۾ڿڣֻ̨µҪĹƽˡ
Ҷˣת̨µ񣬡ľָʹջֻǻ˽˵ƷʱֻҪԺóǮ±ɲ֮ջݲֿ⣬ǷɾͲԺͷ磬óЩǮܽˡ˵ǻ𣿡
̨µʱƵƵͷԽԽ
ûݲֿ⣬ûݲֿ⣡ľ鿴̨ѾշֻתΨһܹҵ˵˱Ժϥϡ
ֻǣƺûŪ״ȣԺԲΪȥԼµģΣôӡ֤Ҹղ˵Ļ뿿ͷĨȥ󣬾ҪԺҲûڳʱڵô˵ǵڸԺһ⣬˵ñԺѿ
һȥԺԸҵ˿ʼȥľ飬ǲ֪ľץ̫أҵ˲ȥλĲ˼£ȻûǱԺԼֲľ顣
ˣңҲŹģһ죬Ҫɱ㣡Ҫɱ㣡ľݺݵؿңҪȴҸסˣЩˣſңǴĲǱֲңſңƴſңȻҿǵ˫֣ȻֿңˣҪɱ㣡ɱ㣡
ʱľѾЩЪ˹ˣǣʹȴһ
ľӣ̨µǲˣ뺷ȻﲿԼĶӷǳΪԸˬֱ뺷Լ飬ɲԺһ仰ѹȥġ
̨Ⱥ鼤ߵ񣬱Ժһɫ̿ʼľϡ
ţҺԺ¿ɻûжأľΪҪĵˣôԾô뿪ѲɴǴҪˣ
̨µ̲ˣɱĺ˷
ŮˣҪɱ㣡ǣľҺ̨µ񺰵Ⱦң޹ģȾҰ
ͶϣԺһ£öסľ졣
ʷˣ飬˴δãԺң֪ѻԸɴⶪҡҲǣļƻˣܲѻ
ɴãֻ˵⼸֡
ɸδãԺֿһߵǸСͷͷ
һ٣ǸСͷͷӵؿһۡ
Ժ鶼ŪˣδҲ֪ˣھͰ˽ˣҲôҿĹ˽ҹζ࣬Ҫڽľ飡ܿҪػغƣߵļƻҲҪչˣԣҲľٸŪЩʲô
̹̣Ժһۣ̰ľ˹ȥһߵϡ
̹׼ֵʱҺȻסе˶ȵؿҡ
˻ʲôҪ𣿲һ˵Ҳʡ̹ٴͣͣ˷ʱ䡣ԺĻϷŰֻ֪ݡ
ݼǿǰ漸ޣɷðʵ
ľȻϣãҲˣ˵ȴ·ҪҸһ㡣
Ҳôίǰ漸޾ɷɡԺҡ
˹ȥ˱ӣľ鿴ҹȥƴŤӣﻹЩʲô
ľ飬֪ʲôڵӾͽܣҶ˵Ȼ˱ӣݺݵسȥ



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ǰҿǸľ϶ûˡľľ˵
û˵ҿɲô룬Ȼľ鱻̧ȥʱѾһϢˣ룬ԺӦûΪģΪ£ףǰĲ£ͲľȥҲ֮԰ٰάľԭ򣬲ж谮üֵҪﵽԼҰģ
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ӰոմѶϢ˵պܳˡ
պ󣿡룬֪ͨӰ׼ߵʱҲҪȡж
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ˣ֪𣿡ʡ
֪ǳǰϷԸˣ˵һ·ϲ͸¶κεѶϢرǹڷںƾڵ飬Υն
ҵͷ˱߹أᵽյĿ࣬ԭȵһЩ뷨Ҳظı䣬ĽǶҲЩͬ
ͬǣڴɵȶ˵ϲߡǣȴҲòǰŽǡҲʲô򵥵ĽɫԣĻҪԣҲϣ֪̫࣬һҪǷʣǾͻü䱻
ֿң˵ʲôȴֹסˡ
£ûˣҪ˵ʲô;˵ɡ˵
󽫾һ𡣡
ĻҶʱסˣǣΪʲôһ
ȻϽļȰ˵£󽫾˵ͷִҪ߹ش㡣˵
룬ɣӦҲûʲô⣬ϾΪ󽫾ͬŻصĺ߾Ҳġ
ԲԳɵı߾ң˵
󽫾зִġ˵
󽫾ȻͬǺ˵ļҲ٣ԣǻǶЩ
˷ģ󽫾Ѿ׼󽫾˵лһĿģһʲô飬ýӦˡ
Ҳ˵ˣľ챻Ǹ׿϶ưոݣ϶ŪЩʲôҪǰ׼С
ͿԽ뺱ƾڣֻҪһ뺱ƾڣе˶֪Ϣʱ򣬱Ժ߿϶Ҳжԣֻ֮󣬺ƾͻ֮ˣʱ򣬸ҪʼһֵĲģ潫Ҳһǵǿ˳ˮ㣬
Ӱעǵг̣һҪұ档˵
°ϴõ·һȥȻͣ˽ŲԺվ濴ǡ
лҪ˵Ժҡ
£Ѷýȥ˵
ҸڱԺĺĬĬţ˵Ҳ
ӦúܵɣñͱĲڳôһ󡣡Ȼͣ˽Ų
ԺߵǷǵıºĲǲಮ٣ûмǴǱԺǵڶʵģôֳҵĲأЦ
òϣǵ͹ı£˵㵽˭ȻʵûҷӦֻòһѾذ׺ҵĲϡ
ԺѵǴΪĲʵ
Σ壬òɣͨŮֻҪһѵãȴȫԣʹôڸԼݣҲͽͣ·ˣ£һҶ
Ժô֪Ҿ·ˣѲʵ
ҼСʱʱѾǾ˵ˣԣڿòȻЩϤȴȷϾŮʮ˱䡣ңȥҹǸŮ˼˵ѾǾ·ˣΪ·˵ôطأǣʱıԽԽȷǵյǸŮڵ·˺;
ȻһЦԺȻǵ֮ڴδأȻôң֤ѾʮþˣԣҷϣֻģʹԼĴӲ̹Ȼϣ׽͸ӶΪԼȡʱ䡣
ȻɻؿңذףһΪ᲻ϳء
ЦˣȻ㶼֪ˣֺαأϣԺҪҵй
ΪʲôѲʲôɸ˵Ŀģؿҡ
뿪ɣǧΪľǹƽҵݸˣҾ޷ٹҪƽˣҾֻٶ뿪˵
Ϊľ·ˣ벻ʲôҪŵǧ֮سԿ࣬ʲôɸ˵Ŀġ˵
ԺˣһŮʲôĿģһûʶңҲʶ˼ҵĵطعӰˡ˵
ľϴӦ𣿡ҡ
Ϊұɷ˵Ǽٵ𣿡ҿΪ˶㿪Ŀͷ飬ΪΪʲôǧ
ԾؿңϾҸ·ʱƲﲿ仹ս֮У֮鱾ûдĵذĵذȥģԣ֪Ҳ
㲻ţ
ңҲϻ˿ϷŮӡĻ˾ǲҡ
еģرǵǸһֱһͬŮʱȻشΣҸ֮Ĺȥ޷رܵʵԣϣûнҵҲû
֪ҽΪʲôҪôľˣ
ʹУЩɥҽղǰǷҵĸ˻ˡ˵
ľ֮Ҳ֪˵ҲһһǷˡ˵ǣһǲݲֿݻһΪ
£ûȤ֪ʵҸͲⳡһٵƣҲнľ档˵
ô죿Ȼҡ
Īؿʲôô죿
ѵôסҡ
Ժߣֱ˵
ס֮ôҪءֻĴҪվƫƧ֮𣿡ҡ
ҪĵƽܸҾס˵
ϣܹ֮סֻˡ˵
ֻҪʱ鲻ٷʱͲıԼ⡣
ˣΪʲôҪأת뿪һ̣Ȼʵ
ΪҪȥһУҽŲͣ˵
ˣˣһϺ¶˿
֪ҵˡҵĻǸոջ͵ɫȻ
Ƿ˳𣿡ҡ
Ȼôʣ϶ʮİգҾܲϣֻġԳϣ׽͸ҿǣֻǱԺɽթֻҲӲ˶೤ʱ䡣
˷ģһ֪ͨӰʱעⱱԺĶ򣬶˰ȫ뿪˵
עⱱԺĶҪһˡ˵
˭ʡ
ҵ˵һ˵֡
һ춯ǾҪͬʱŻջݲֿ⣬ңҪ취֪׼ƵϢоҪ֪ͨ˵׼ͶȻ˰ϢҲ˳صشԺĶһ˳ĻǿΪԼΪҵһʵ򡣡˵
ľĸײ֪Ů֮޶ԣ˵ж۰ŮףԺ˺Ụ̊ôһգҲŹԼʱܸЩôǸ˵СˣʹѱԺٶͶҲʲôϡ¡ҪľΪҪһܺõڻԼѵԺҵĻɣӶܱһҺҵ
ף˷ġ˵
ʱȻһ֧Х˹ϡҲЩԾ˭ɱң
ŮŮһȻ
ףľĸףǰƵ˳С
ˣҵ󣡡½һ
£ͻΧȥҺݺݵؽѵЩһǣһҪ˵
ף˵ţеĵ˳ȥֻһ󵶽ཻ
ˣ㲻عңϾԲϷ˵ĺȵġ̺˵
ģǶᰲȻģ
ʱȻŭȣڸʲôǱԺ
ҲЦˣǰȻҲǴɵľˣұϾǳ͢շ·ˣԴ֮Ȼӡ֤ݵĻɣȴҲͶ
㻹ŮҳȥϵжŭĿӡ
ЦŮɻʲô£Ц
Ůݲֿ⣬ôΪض˵
ʲôЦԼʳԣݣΪ裬ϧ˺˵Ʋн죬ȫԼȡʲôϵ
Ůҽɱ㲻ɣҳǾڴʱȻڵأҲˤ
㾹ȻŮԸңǱشӵݺݵؿűԺղȣˤڵϵġ
ľ鶼ǰִеģеڳǷֱҶšҪʲôĻ͵˵˽Ҳ˵еľ飬п𣿡ԺӸµؿ
㹻ݣжݺݵ˵ľһһ⣬ȴ˶ƣ㵹ùʱ򣡡˵꣬ˡ
ľˣǲǺܸˣԺҡ
ҿˣ϶Ҫǿġ˵
ԺζؿһۣתͷĹ򲻴֮ǰȻ˵



£Ҫŵ㱱ԺԺʱĻЩġ
˷ģ֪ôġ
У޹ҵ䣬Ʊزԣ֪ͨӰжˣҪסһҪעݣ
˵ʲô죬ǱǴԣһҹ֮䣬ҪؽƹϢʹ
ϢǲǺܸأԺҵںӱϴҡ
ҼȲǺˣҲˣ˭ү˭ūҶںҵ˵
𣿡սңҪеһķأ
ЦˣҼǵûдûзǰǸҲԶڴأ룬ɵүɣ
ЦˣǸȻﵱүָˡ
￩һ£ˣ˵ʲôԺǻ˵ЦʲôҵˣйڵĴ£뱱ԺҪſڿӡ
˵Ķģڱ֮䣬ѡ˭ҡ
ΪʲôҪѡҸûټ޵Ĵ㣡˵
ɲˡ˵
Ϊʲô
ΪΪɵ·ˣǰ̫⣬Ҳ̫УһҪһ֮ԼɵĹϵ˵㻹ʹϻۣԣƱҪΪѵѡԣϡ˵
Ҫѡأʡ
𣿡ҡ
Ҫѡأҹ⼤
Цþǰһ̵ĶǣΪһлѡ𣿡
кαضһٵأ
ΪҾãӦøֵأϾǴɵ·ˣδҶδĸףԭδ󡣡˵
ȴüͷû㣬ֻԭĸ֮һңĿǰĴ硪йȻ˵
ЦǸ̰ıΪӮҸ㣬ԭ綼ҵģ
⻰Ҫĸֻ³ܲҰɣ˵
ݣŶ£ǸŮˣӦ֪ǿʳĵӦľܵĵԣӦףǼǣ˭ܱȵң
Ҳˣ˵òȫûе۽թļƣۺݶԶǸ֮ϡ
ô֪˭ԭǿˣԹŮӢۣԣ˵ԭϣң˭㣿˭ӵϵٹ⣿
ûȷǱҪǿܶ,Ⲣͻǿ˵ģŮӢۣҵȻҲҪҸҵˣǲǸˣʵ˵ɡ
˶ռǿĶԣԿԶΪԶ֣ڣҪľ֮Ĵֻ֡е֮ƾʱɱ߾̫ƽԭҲ̫ƽΪǶǴˣû˭ðգҲû˭ûаյ̡
Ǳôˣ£ѾҵϾܸ̫棬ԣҸʱ䲻̫ˣұҪˣǣұΪԼҸʵ򣬴ӶΪҶˡ
ϻʲô˽ƺЩɶ˵Ͼѹƣԣܻ޹ǵٴͶƣұһѲУ
ټӰѻһҪƳʱ䲻ˣǵʱҲܽˣôȥ˵
ˣȥţ˵
ӣǲģڶһ磬ݾͽˡ
ʲô°Īʡ
Ҫ¶Цҡ
ҲסˣʵңһߵҲԾŴ͡
Ķ˵ģ
ɽºô˵ģ˵ԺѾԸˣϾҪӭȢˣԷԸѡַ㰴պ˵סйԸ˿ʼ׼ءЦ˵
ҲﰵǴΪǿôԣϿɺ֮Ļ£Ӷͨһȡ֧֣ڸսռȻ
˵ģ档ҲЩ΢ŭˡ
ʵҲǸˣ˵ˣǸľ飬ֻҪʱóˣ˭۸㰡˵
ҵȴȻһľ飡ϢĿǰֻ֪ǴҶ֪ˣʡ
ȻǶ֪ˣأӱҵ㣬Բʡ˵
͸˵ûе¶Ǳ˵˵
Цˣ֪ˣ˵վ
ˣ¼Ҵҵس˽ڿݺ˺Ļ
㲻˵Ҷ֪ˡƽ˵
ˣˡݿǣʶȤ뿪ˡ
Ժ֮ô޷췹Ҹˣȡɵ֧֣ưԭ˵
һ˵ϵĵ˵
壬ֻǱԺǺݶ첿Ͷ׳ʵҲ׵طڣΪ˶ž󻼣ȻҪƷУһݵزԼĸ󻼡˵Ժ֮ҪɢҼ׵ĴԱҪ⣬оҪƷУϾ֮ĹڣƱػᵣģҪ˱ԺƱػϢĻƱػģʱһ߻ıԺ˳µزһټ
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Ȼô˵ǶأЦˣڣ¶ʱˣҲǰεĶʱ򣡡
£׼һзˣ̻ղֿ⣬Ҳӳ˵

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ӣ˵ǸƵӣˡݹŵʱ˵
ǰֻµʱҪˡ˵
ͣ೤ʱ䰡ôҪˣ̾˿
ųüչݣҲ֪˵Щʲôáÿδ̣Ķ޹İգջúôȴǸ߸ϵˡԣƽûһ޴̵ģλȨصȴڿǶԣǽҵǶ޹İնԣȴɢ
˵з춯ˣ£ںӱ߸ڽӵǴļϢƺѾʼ
ǣѾ뺱ƾڣԺͳµĺѾȥͶˡ
ԺӦûȡжɣʡ
ûѾǿ˽䱸һʼԱĽ
УֻҪһ֣̰ռƻ£˵
УߵʽΣҪ󽫾أҶ
֪ˣ˵
صȴԺӾȻվ档
ġԺ˵
ңɻؿ
ԣھƲǺȶʵǵİȫԴӵҪﰲȫࡣ
Ҳȥģ˵
ΪʲôЦſңĪ飿ζشսҵ˵
Ҹ׷ǹʣĪסȥ˸ôң˵
ԭΪҪ˳𣿺ܺð죡Ǿץʱѻ¸ˣ㵱ҵ˳𣿡˵ҿղײգͶڽɣ
ߣҲЦˣȻھΪ˾еĲ˸ʸƾʲôΪһЩ
±ԺˣЩȫԼĹߣÿ˶һﲿķ֧ǣ͵ǶЩ֧֧֣ôôأ
ôˣбۿҸ㣬ҪҵˣⱲֻһŮˣ򣬾ǻ׹ݣҲҼ޸
²ܼЩӡԺ˵
ԣûдﵽҵҪ֮ǰǾԲᵽȥģ
УҸɼܿ԰ɣ˵
ν˵ҵסôЩˣҲЩ˸סһԼǵסɡ˵ҽ
ЩΪʵҵġҲӦľͻأҵжҲͱøԴӦԻ
ˣҪ죬㲻ҪңԼ߰ɣ϶˵δ߶ܵʱкܶ鷳
һģҪһȥ˵
ˣԲģ˵֪ʲô
ҵҲҲΪҶ˵
ô˵ѾˣԼ֪ôǷˣǧ򲻿Сʧ󣡡˵
Ҳˣﻨʱ˵罫ܼƻø걸ЩſԻӸ˵ϵģһҵġ
߳ЩĺͶСֻҪһ뿪ǵ˾ͻһֱҡ
£ܹЩ𣿡
ַ̫࣬ɢЩѶȣҿϵӰ
ȥʱҲע⿴Ƿ㡣Ҷ
ף˵
һˣһ˸ңΪ˲ĻɣûаûܸӰϵϡ
ż˵ھҪǱߵĶˣǲѾ֪ͨ˼еӰֻҪһߣ̷ջݲֿ⣿
ǣ¿϶صͷ
ǾͺãǾ͸ɴԾƶԲӦ䣡κ˵
˵˼ǣ
óȻжֻǱ¶ԼԣкӰȡжʱЩڣǾͰĵشţʲôҲɡ˵
Ƿ˲˻𣿡ϼеʡ
ûʱߣǸ˱Ժҵݺͼʱ򣬻жܵҵǣֻҪһһҺҵп˶ҾʳѰ
ˣ㲻Сʧ󰡣Ȱҵ
ֻǲʱߣֲԶߣ˵
Ƿ˴ʲôʱأҡ
ǷģǸʱڣҵʮ⣬ԣԺײҶҵġҿǣ˺ʵʱȻ뿪ġ
Ҳܼ򵥵һ֮ЩңĹҵˡⱲӶĲ
˼ȻѶҲ˵ʲô˵˼סİΣԶǰڵһλġ¾ԲΪ˶Լ
֪Ƿģһ԰ȫ뿪ġ˵
ŻˣݲֿŻˣҹȻ˴УҺʱ͵ؾѣҸϽ߳ۿԶǻ죬ҫ۵ĻӳԶҹա
ˣӰԭȵļƻȼݲֿ⣬޻СٿԺµЩȻֵĵؿݲֿķ򣬵ȴڸλϣû뿪
òôˣǸϿȥȻɡ˵
ԸҪһ̲ŷˡһ˵
̾˿£ϿȥȻɣ
ǣˣ¿ңصͷˣһ̸ȥ
ʱ̻ҵػˣͬͷǸ
ݲֿⱻջˡµĻЩʱɫ
ˣǸϿ쵽ӱȥϴϴ˵
ˣҸЩӰϵˣǷ˵ļƻǰȴһָϴ˵
ҵͷȥȻΪľҪЩӰϵϣǼƻı䶯ú֦ڡ

˵ҰģVʼ

磬Ժеһˣ֪ѯҪʧˣΪʼնЩΪ֤
֪ӵ𣿡Ժҡ
ɹ˹ҰſǸ⡣
֪ôˣҿ
ӵʱݲֿŻˣ˵ǲŵģʼҵĻ
ÿǵ飬ҿɲȥǸġ˵ˣϴξΪǸݲֿŻ飬˶鷳ҿʵûȤȥ֪ˡ˵
㲻ıٰݲֿŻͷϣζ˵
ҺеĻ֤ʵʱҾû뿪˵
ңЦˣǲǸллǱЩô֤أ
ڴлԺˡʩ˸
֮䣬õ˿𣿡Ц˵
Ҹ֮װ׵ģҪԡɫ˵
ǰȻװ׵ģ˵ȻԶʵ֪𣿵ҿȼܴݲֿʱ֪ôģľ鵱ڶʵһ죬˵һ仰תҡ
ľ仰
ǣŻԼȥţָʾȥ۾ضһ̶û뿪
ЦˣΣѲǱԺָʹ˷ŵĻ𣿡
ֻż˵˵ˣôỳء֤ȷ䣬Ǹ˵Сˣ֮ʣݵĻ𡣡˵
ҲˣҲ֪ȥģΪʲô˵
ЦˣΪʲôΪΪ˹»ΪƼˣΪ֤ԼǿģʳǰĲԭǡ
ҿЦ£ΪЩ
ЦˣΪЩ𣿡
ûô˴ѣʵ
һǿݣԣĬĬŵĿİ׹ǣҪǳɹĽҰԽ¶š
Ҳ֪˵Щʲôˣ˵ҰֻҲɣǸֻҲ˰ɣ
ôˣôȻˣҡ
ֻǺЩ˵ҰĶѡ˵
Цѵ㲻ϣԼǸصӺѵ㲻ϣ޸͵ĴԹ󣿡
ϣն˵ʱЩסˡ
ֻƽǿ㲢ܸҪ˵
۾ҺһƽȻָָԱߵЩ񣬡ǹһתͷңÿΪͷʱūۣһҸ𣿡ҡ
ǵҲôƲ˵ߵ˵
Ʋ𣿡ЦϣֻǿߣЩһˣͲȥǣ
ʱѾ˺αƵߣҿĿ֪˵ЩʲôˡǸħЩԣͬһرԣͲȥӺϧ
ôˣЦҡ
룬Ҳһ㱰˰ɣʵ
ЦˣҵΨһվߵŮˣΨһҷԭŮӣ
ϧҲԸվߣ˵ţӽ
洫ĴЦû˿Զ˵
ˣʲô£ϵĵҡ
û£ǼʶǸӵĿѡ˵
ˣľٶԽԽΪġ˵
ΪҵģºıЩӰڰбûµģ˵
ݲֿŻѷе꣬Ѿٵļʼ¶˸ɺļЩÿԷļ
Ҳ𣿡ҸںӱϴʱڲԶǡ
ǰ¿ɾЩ鷳ˣƻҪͷأڿǲˡ鷳ǣⶼѾˣճҲ˰ǽôһ궼ûأɱǸɣ̾
ѹصȥɣ˵
شɣңǰ룬ۿҲҪˣ絽ȥȥҲǴˣȥӦòѵġ˵
ǻ˵δԸ뿪
ľľˣҪ뿪Щѡ
Ǿ͵ȥ˵￿ɣҪǽĴˣȥҲ㣬˵ˣﲻǻмҿջ𣿵زپҵҲǺõİ
ЩˣϾҪġ
УҸ£˵
ҵ㣬ֻĵظǧҵ㶨˵ڱԺû뿪Դص֮ͶĺԽԽ࣬ԺϽҲк˿ʼ뿪ˣԣҪ뿪Ļ͵øϽһҪĵߡȻʱҪǱԺ뿪ĻǾ߶߲ˣҶ
֪ˣһȥϸ·ˡ
£취֪ͨӰҪһ뿪ҪʱӦͻǵİȫȥҶ˵
Ǿ뿪𣿡ҡ
ҽȰˣЩģûֻȥ֪ͨӰˣ˵
¿ɺˣֻҪǰȫ뿪˾һǣңͿɷĵ뿪ˡЦ˵
Ҳûô򵥣ֻҪǰȫ뿪Ҿûк֮ˡ˵
һҹϢ뿪
ˣӰѾ˰бˡ¶˵
ϣǿƽصɣ˵
˷ģӰĻǿ϶ƽµġ˵ǷˣҪúüƻ뿪ˡ



ľľһҺȻ뿪飬֪𣿡Ժҡ
뿪ˣҳԾĿһ治֪漴̾˿ҲǵģҪ뿪Ҳø˵һôôǶأ
±֪ʲôɸ˵ĿİɡԺݵ˵
Ҳδ̫˰ɡ˵ԭϵ񱾾ĴǨģ뿪޷Ϊ˹ϸõʲôɸ˵Ŀģ
㲻ǹǲǶôΪǱ绤ԺϬؿҡ
룬֮ԲǶ޷һ㣬Ҫ뿪顣ϾϽأаҪ뿪ϽأĵطȥԣǸСĴɣ
أҡ
ЦˣҲˣ֪˵˼ҵ֪ÿ˶Ȩȥ׷õǸõǵȻ뿪
ѵΪڱҵõ𣿡ң㿴ҵ磬˭ҸвŻ˭ҶϽµʴȣ
ȻΪȲ㣬͸ӦõˣΪһǷϽصȲʱȻͻġ˵
⻰˵õмֵ˵ҵĵǣǲȥǼϽأͶȥˡ
ľľˣôܻͶƵأ˵
ٺ˲ҲͶ𣿡˵
ǶԼûˣΪԼȲˣҹ⼤
Цˣڹ⼤𣿡
ǰɣҵĺ뿴Ǹ˭
Ц뿴ҲǺо仰̵̰ҪǸ̡
ҿĸȺܾˣʰо֣ưԲԭ
Ҫ˵أЦŴս˵
˺һ㿪ͲȰʰˣϷֲԭ𣿡
ҵĻһ̰ˣ⻰ʲô˼
˼ǣϲֻһṆ̀
˵öԣǣΪҵǼ˭ͷأҡ
ǵֵܣ仰ӦԼҡ
뵽˭ҡ
ǲشġЦſΪҲ֪ҵĲ¼ɣ˵ˣ룬β³ģѲҸϵҲ´ˣΪڹסҲֺõ飬ǾԲġ
ЦҾֻ֪ңģʹ㲻˵Ҳܲµó˵һ仰ʱЩ
תȥǰˮӣȻֳһ⣬ҿӡֻǣϸôأֻеȺЩˣǺ뿪ġ
ԽԽˡ̧ͷĽ
е˵пܻǸꡣԺվ˵
ꣿҳԾؿʲôꣿ
󺵣˵
󺵣ҿٿǰˮӣˮǻСܶࣿ
ͷԣҾԲ˶סҵĺ
һ𣬿һۣ˵ӦԺɣԺϽλˮӵΣҪ캵꣬ԺٰˮһأǱԺͶҪˡ
ʵ˵Ҫ𣿡
ң˵أô뿪
㲻Ϊһɵһ֪Լʲôʱɥĵطɣ
ģһᱣģҵŮˣ㶼ˣ𣿡ĵ˵
ȴţһսͲܸƵģ˵Ǳҵİȫˡ
ô㲻ţҡ
Ҵԣֻʵ˵
Цˣһῴʵģ
صȴѾϰ·ˡ
˲ŸպЩôµءҸϽȥ¡
ҪϽ˲Żᾡ뿪Ƿ֮أ۷˵Ǹˣ
ΪҲűģôأ˵
ĵΪйİȫͲ˼˵İȫսۿһ˼ֻ׶༪ٰ˵
ףѾ뵽˸취ȹʱ䣬Ϳʵʩˡ
ӣ̫·һ޴Ļ¯˿ŲԭϵһУԽԽȸɺԭϵʽҲԽԽš
֮ͬʱӰﴫϢҲڸǣٵΣպս
£Ҹʱ䣬ϵӰ׼Ӧǡ˵
Ҫ뿪𣿡ҡ
ҵͷҿˣ˳ˮƯԶɳأӰȥҺ衣
ȸɺˮӵˮѾʼԵؼ٣ˮʧȥԭȵļҲխ˲٣ԣ룬Ӧÿ֧ŵǸط
Ҫˮ뿪𣿡ʡ
ûǴ½뿪ֻºѰЩҹڵӱȥԡʱǸҽӽǣܵûᡣ
ΪȣٸŮϵӱȥԡҲȥǸʱ򣬻ǸҿֻܶԶԶġ
Ϊ˱ܣҰӶ³ʱСױ˷
Һ赽ӱȥʱЩȻ뿪ʱͿӱ޵뿪Ȼָĵطǻϣ˵
ף˵
һжźˣֻ³ĵˡ



ò׵Լõӣϴ·ϳš
ӱߣѾЩŮԡˣЩȻҿֻ̫ԶԶһߴš
˵ɱҪǵ˰ɣÿγ֣лӣһŮȤҵ
˵ҵ˵
ʲô˼İһŮЦ
ǰҪǵɾҪϺˣһŮЦ
϶ʱЦַǷ
Ҳˣ˵ţҳһȥ
ЩŮΪҺߣͶЦȻҳҶ̵谵¹£û⵽ҵȻ뿪
Ҹϲҳزˮ˳ˮȥ
ˣˣ£ɫѾʼʱ򣬺ӱߴµ
æ
ºͼӰæˮǸϰ
ߣҰǵݸҵĶһͷ
ڱԺ϶Ѿҵʧ٣ĴңһҲͣϿ뿪ΧС
ˣǴӶԺϽߣƿԺϽأȻٻشɡ˵
ã˵Ȼ˵ֱӴӱԺϽߣԶǱϾĵ̣Σ̫󣬻Զ·ðȫЩ
ǿӱ޵ĸ·׷֮ǰ˱ԺϽء
˶ԺϽأˮѾʮխѾʼֳѵľ
ˣǾͿԳԺϽˣֻҪپһƬĮͿԾɰؽˡ¶˵
ҵͷ
ʲôǳ˶ԺϽأ׼һƬĮɵʱڲԶĻĮϺȻֳЩӰ
Ӧ˵ȻʾӰ׼ս
˺󡣡¶˵
һ˿ֻ߲ơ
Ҫ뿪ֻܸ˵ˣֺαس²أǱԺվһʿ
Ҹ˵ˣô𣿡
˵أζؿҡ
Ȼˣֺαظ˵أ˵
Ц˿ΪĿˣôܾô÷أ
ԺҼҷ˿ǳ͢շ·ˣѲʲô治𣿡º
ǶԺϽأǻĮǳʲô£Ҳֻ׷鵽ԺͷϣҸͲõģݵЦ
ΪԼô𣿡˵
ʲô˼ҡ
Ϊһ²׷𣿡Ǻоеɽ֪˵𣿡
ʲô˼ʡ
ʲô˼Լȥ룬㲻ѧӦѲɣЦ˵
£ʹʲôУҡ
Ϊֻһ˵𣿡Цڰ˵ʱ򣬹Ƶܻʱ׷ңѾӰͳϢ˵ǱԺ뿪Ȼȥ鷳
㾹Ȼңŭ
νթԼһ·Ҫ׷أֲñˡ˵
Ҫɱˣҧгݵ˵
ֻû£˵ţȡ±Ĺ
ûмǴĿʿ˵
û˵
ΪӮ𣿡ʡ
ӮˣӮˣ˵Ĳ㣬Ҫȹ֪˵
ˣЩ˽Ըֻ뿪¶˵
ҿһۣ֪ҲߣƱҪΪ˱ҶսסֻҰȫ뿪ˣǲŻῼԼİȫȫˡ
ǶСģڴɵǣ˵
˸ƣҵӰ̴ϼս׼
֪ƱػֻúῴһۣȻĮȥ
ԺһҪ뿪̲׷˹ȴ³סˡ
Һƴ񱼣֪Ѿ֪ͨӰڴɵı߾ӦǣԣԽ쵽ԽؼԮܽǵ͡
һֻȻҵĶ߲ŤͷһһѾ׷˹ڳ׼ҸϽȡ±Ĺϼ˹ȥǼȣ˴ˤȥ
㣡㣡ٿ㣡ƴز޲˫
ȻһϵĹؿԶɣҵвһϲڵˣڿԼԮˣ
žԽԽѾԼԼӰЩ˿ɱңҲ߷ɳ۹
Ȼ˴һСģ
ûŪףֻúһʹһȣˤ
󿴵ǲɳĵ档
¶Щ𣿡Ѿڷˣڴߵǿæʵ
û£أʵ
һۣףֻ׶༪١
Ұɣ룬һܵסȥ֮ǰҾѾĴ㣬ԣ룬ӦܹܵһеĻϢ
ºûл˵
ҵ˳ºϣΪҲģԺҾĲ㣡
̫ˣˣ̫ġ˵
Һǡ˵
ͷ
мУǵļ˽ӵɡ˵
Ƕǹ¶˵
̾˿û˵
̫ˣǼӰ𣬾Ѿ֪˽Ľ֡˵
֪Ϊ˰οңֻǣǱϾǻһ˰˵
ԺһʼһӵģԺҪټңҾҪΪºֻʣ



Ϊˣƶʱ̻ؾǣֻܴڿջˡ
һжðɣǡ
Цŵݸһƻ㲻Ҫģһжáҩ̵ԽԽˣرЩҩ󣬾͸ˡ˵Цſһۣϻ˵ֻҪҴɵĵһŮˣ
Цˣȴǣ˿ڣӴһ
ôˣ̷еƻ͵˹
û£˿Щۡ˵
¶ԺζðˡȻסҵ˵
ûµģٻţЩȥˣѾ̫ˡ˵
ҪʲộһӶԭԼҵ֣¶֪ڿм׹һ̣ҵļҪˡ赹ڵأ²ʡ㣬ҶҪˡڴʱԸ˵ǸҡҰģֻҪܹԸٻʮ꣡
ס죬ǴɵĴ󽫾ڱ߾ôţôΪҶԸ
ʵڵ֪ǼںƵϢ֮Һ޲̽뺱ȥ㡣ǵסң˵ȥˣֻǱ¶ݣΣաԣֻһеĵģΪĬĬʱҲ֪жԼݺͼϵΡҲǣҲǴɵĴ󽫾ҾͿԲһеȥ㣬һ𣬱㣡
ǣǴɵĴ󽫾Զûа취ıʵҿļмΣйҵصԣԲΪ˶Ů˽ùҰΣڲˣҾҲӦ
˫ᴹ޲δʱڣ֪ʫʹˡ˵
ϣûһܹϡǣҪٸˡ˵ڱ߾սţҾԲΪҵԵʣðհΣ͹ڲˣҸҪΪǧˡ
ǲǺܺЦؿңҿսϳ۳ҷƣңȴ޷ԼŮˣֻվһԶԶؿ
ǣס֣ҵ⣬ҶһҪһ㣬Һ㣬ֻԼдɵĽɽİգ㲻ô˽ġ
¶ʱϣҺ㶼ܹ˽һЩǾͲôʹࡣ˵
Ҳ˵ˣǰ˽˲ôΣͲôʹ˰ɣ
ҵһĿڼ䣬ƾѾ˺üս¡Ȼģ󣬵ǿԿóЩ֮ڱ˴̽
ҽӵ˻ϵʥּע߾Ӱͻؾ峿ǴһϢ
ĿǰӦġҶģ룬ԺʱҲҪ˵
ףǸΪ˸òǣԣδĹ˳ǣȴҪǣƺƽ⺱ƾڵĸԣڱ˴ãֻҪ֮Ա˴˶ԻüֵǾʱ˺˵
ܹĿҾͷˡ˵
¶ȥһҪúˣպΣյ񣬾ͲҪٴӦˡҡ
Цˣģ֪ôġ
Уһ顣ҿ˵
㾡˵ֻҪܹ쵽ģһȥ
ܹɹһ˶ҵİܴ󣬡Ұһҵϸϸ˵ںпܾڴɱ߾ҪǼǣǣǲҪҵݡ
֪ˡ˵
ĬˣΣǲŻؿڣ¶˵û˴󽫾ݣûЩκ͹ǣѡһ𣿡
ҿκͿУǰǴɵĽҸ֮ûôκ͹ǣһһԼ
ãҵ˵ͷǸҵˣȻΪĿϵ֮˶ĹǺͺ蹵ֻţ֯ŮһЩ蹵ңңǣһĸҵ
лл㣬¶һѽ§뻳Улл㣡
ҿůĻƷζһ̵ۣܰΪ֪֮ҲۺܰˡҪؾˣҪټ֪ǺʱһؾǣǸ˶ӵĵطٶȴҲֻѹ£Ϊľǲ˺Է͸õرԷ
Ǿӵʲôû˵ȴʲô˵Ƕױ˴˵⣬Ҳ˽˴˵뷨ԣκڴʱǶģ˿̵ǣֻҪףľס
;ǧһ͵ɣౣءڶ죬ӰĻ뿪˰ء
¶סһҪأԲҪκΣյˡظҸ
Ҳǣھǵ㣡˵
Цŵͷأ
Ϊˣһ·֮ߵúһг긾Ůһ·չҵӣҾͻ鲻ԽϣвķҶһ֪ҲһǸҳϦദµˣΪ˾Ҷ׳ˣȴǼһ֪Ǿżż˻ûҿǣǾʧ
Ҳ֪ϣǲǻ˸һǣûУô˭֤ϴڹ
һعȥٳ·Ҳнʱھ;֮ڻص˾ǡ
ڳ⣬ҷԸͣ˳̧ͷϵĳţвӿ޵ĸпΪԼҲزطˣû뵽ȻƽػˡֻǣΪƽ֪ж˸˴ۣɥʧ
ǲڸпԼڻˣһȻҶ
ҵﲻһϣŤͷȥ
ŻվһߣϾؿңЦݡ

ؼ

ҿһ·˵ĴˡЦ˵
ͶүĴأ˵
ЦˣⲻͶĺ뿴ʱʲôģ
ڵģҪóүʧˡ˵ϱˣϳ;棬ֻ㲲
δ̫ǫѷˣڵķˣ֮Ƕ˼ֳءЦûǿè
ү˵㲣ֱֻ˵˵
˵Ŀɶ滰ڿǳء˵
Լѹеŭ𣬡ˣջȥϢˡ
ȻǸöģգһ˵ͣúõؿˣһ˫ص˵
¸ǣʩ˸ת˳
ҵļǰͣһǰߵšҿŸ뿪Ǻ޶µļţﲻпҲҲˣ
ˣ˭ʡ
ţң˵
ˣ𣿡Ͻţشңȷ֮ϲ
ˣɻˣҪôҲ˵һأ˵˵
ˣͻˡҵ˵
ˣȻѾȻִҵȵˣҵȸǣΪ׵Ӱ˵
һ·϶ǵչˣЩҵһ⣬¡ͳһǮݸ
ҵȷϵͷ˻ؾʵǷ֮£Ҫ˵лأƴǵ
Ǯ£ⲻҵһѣǵְ𣬺ûʲôͻ˵ˣлһ·շټ
ߵԺµĻݣ˿Ѿ涷ޣԺһ̺졣
Ժʰúܺá˵
չĸŮôҲľźأ˵
ҪǷƹ֪˷˻Ϣֳʲôأ˵˵ƹ˵ο׬˸أ
ЦˣҪЪЩˣԻȥǵġ
ңŷֻ˸ˣ˷ôõ˳ˣϿЪšϿ˵
ڴϣǰδеİȫкͷɸУӣÿĵڿɿˣ
ôţҲ֪˯˹ȥѹʱѾҹˡ
Ӵ˸˳ȥ
ԺĻһƬɫ¹£·һɴ֮죬Խ
˶ȥԵȥˡ
㻹û˯𣿡
·һֱءЦ˵
ˣһ˵һЩˣŪЩ̲˾ͺˡ˵ԭ֮ϣϡȱҺþöûгԹ׷ˣЩˡ
ȵȣϾͺá˵Žȥˡ
ʯ濴ԼԺӣ˼Ҷ˵ѣԼĹѣȷʵסãʼ԰֣񣬿ǣǶҵļңЪϢĵطѣֻֻļң
ˣˣŶˣ˵ģȻþˮţ̲Լģ˳ɿ𣿡ЦŶ˵
Һ˿࣬ʱоóԣ˵
¾ͳһ࣬Ŀɿڴ˵θںءЦ˵
ЦˣþûôóԵĶˣЩˡ
ٸʢȥҡ
ҡҡͷұˣȥЪϢɣԺȥϢ
Ŷˣˣ뿪иҹüˣ˵ķһ仰Ǳ߿ҵɫ˵ġ
֪ˣ´㲻ʣֱӰ߾ͺˡǸ˾Ǿֻ˵֪գαصȻûѡǣҵ֣ôھͲҪ׷Ī
뵽Ȼ֪ôˣľΪҺ֮ǣЩҪҵߣȴֶ˵ǺЦҿһӻ֪ԼҪĵʲô
գпվ͹ȥɡ
һȥˣ˯ԼĴϵңĵζԸԺܿͳ硣
ڶʱͷѾϸˣ˯Լﰲİ
ˣҳϽҵˮϴ
Ҫҩȥ£㵽ȥ˻ҷԸ
֪ˣ˲õġ˵
ƹ񣬺þò߽ҩ̣ЦŸ˵
عң̾ϲ˻ˣ
ǰ絽ģ·ЩԾЪϢˣֱڲŹ˵
˹ȻˣΪеķҩƷǿ˵ս𰡣ƹЦ˵
ǾͺãҿҪȥˡ˵
⼸µĿ˹Ŀʱݸҡ
˹ȥϸϸؿȻǵȥȣ֪˶٣ҵľȻȷģνĸ󣬹Ȼ
ˣ˵ؽˣҩ̵Ļ֪ͨġ
ǰʱ䣬շˡ˵
˵ĻûзˣûзĽ죬˶ԷĴ£ţΪ˵
ܹ𣿡뵽ҽȥҡ
ô֪ҳԾؿ
ղҩ̿˵ɫƺǴ󲡸ҷ˵ҼƺЩж㣬Բôġ˵
ȷʵܹˣЩ·ˣҺûд󰭣Ѿˡ˵
ɷòΪ˰Ѱ˵
ȥϸΪҰ󣬿ҩ˵ѾȬҪСģҪۡʱ䣬Ҫ˿ѿÿҩˮã˿̺ͷסҵ

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ǳ;ϴ˳ҲǵҩȥתһȦ;ЩƣǱ㽫յļƻƺˡ
ȥͨ˵·ҶļҶ˵
㣬ˣһձˡ
ǰǰģ·;ֱۣ㡣Ц˵
ɡϽ
ڣ
㶣β˵üûˡ
Ȼûо˵ҲܲµŵΣֻı¶˰ɡ
ֿļ¥Ĺ
ûʣҲʡЦЦ
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ҡҡͷ˵ԼܣôȻ޷ܡ
ҿƺѾЩݾˮĸо̾˿ӽԱңЩŮӵĲҰɡ
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Ҳɩ㲻ôҡû˵
ڨڨЦЦԱ£ɩɺã
һҿңӦɣұ
ɫˣ
Ҹۣ˵ʲôȴոסˣòһˣԷɡ
ǰǰɩòһˣȻԷˣͷԸȥ׼Ͻվ
ľһ˼գ󲻳Ȥڣ
ÿ˶ǿģҲĽļǿͶȴ˵
ֻӣܹһ𣿡
ֻ֪֪һһ죬Ȼķ޿ôҲң㣬ˡ
Ҳ̾˿ӶౡңŮӶģ˵Щʲôأ
¶ˣȴȻ˽
ҵȻ֪˭ͨķ磬ţȴȥǶ豭˿ڲ衣
ĸˣãһԷɡЦؽˡ
¶ЩȥĶˣôкˣ֪֪жൣģ˵
ҾΪ˲뿴ĳЩŶȥġ˵
ɫʱЩΣһʱ֪˵Щʲôá
ɩЩ㲻Բ֪ĸΪ㣬ûٻ򡣡Ͻϡࡣ
֮ѾûйϸˣԺҪ˵ҪϣͶϸɾ´Ͳˮˣ
¶ҵķô˵֮ûйϵأ˵һߵ֮ΣϽʹ˸ɫ˳ȥ
ûмǴſֵʱ򣬾ѾˣҺ˵ղǻϴĿϷǵҵľֻ´˿̵ңһĻˡ
¶ҵĲǣǾЩӣӦѾҵˣѵһĻᶼϸ𣿡ҡ
ĺᣬ㣬˿Ȼٶ⣬кã
¶˵ʲôҸסˡ
ʲô˵ˣ˵ңҶתȥٲعˣ㵱ΪڿЦ𣿡˵
¶ջľָδԣҸƼˣȻʳ⣡
ҲЦܼ򵥣ѾԼִ֣֮ϵԣҾͻԥԼԣȥ׵˶ϣһ˹ȥˣôҸͲԣѾ뿪ǰ
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ĸ磬ɩ˺ˣˣȴڿֳպͣסˡ
ҿһߺˣóԲ·˵
ˣߵңһˣ
ɩĸ֮ͷǵ𣿡ȥľ޿κεض˵
ѲҪ𣿻ߵǸҲҪҵ𣿡
ĸ˲檵ģ˵ֻҪĸþˡ
ҲЦˣϧµƫֻһӣ
Ҳδ̫ΪĸˡʼΪֵܱƽˡ
ҲҪ뿪ʡ˵ҰºΪҲˣҶ¿һ㶼ûи棬෴һֱҡ˵
ɩǳûˡ
סϲеŮӶôĻģԣ㣬ҾͻϧոĻᣬĸлʱϧǵȻûˣȴִضڡһѪ˵
ֵĬˣӣյģҲ̾˿ϣжٵԹżΪҲǸЯһأ
뵽ǣӦþǸԸЯһ˰ɣϧȴûһԴֻעԵνŪˣǷأ
극ҳҸ飬ǶˣԣϣܹϧǰˣҪȴˣʧȥ˲֪Ҫϧҿ˵
㣬֪ˡյ˵ͷ
龰ֻ̾Ϣһϣÿ˵ҪԼÿ˵ҪԼߣ޷ǾҲ޷ߣԣֻףǣϣܹЯһҪɱ˴˵ź
ˣҸͱһ˸סˡ
ǳ¹ҴǰˣӦǻߵĳ¹
˺ۼϴ͵ģ˵¹˵
ϣԺ룬ҽʲôҪʹͣðҪʲôʹˣ

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Ӵⲻ·𣿡Ҹߵ԰һϤ
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Ǻþòˡ˵
µþȥˡ˵
𣿡ЦˣΪĻ䣬أǼֻ
Ҳò˵Ȼǵ׽㣬ǽҲ̫˰ɣҪǸһƢԣҶῴ
͹ˣģǾԲҵģЦ˵
˸ûȤбһۣ˵ʲôȴոոĴӸˡ
ɕP·ˡ
ҸϽ񣬡¼ӡ
·˺þòˡ˵
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·˽ս𣿡ҡ
ǻҽġ˵
Ŷǻģ⻰ǵ¹Ե޹ʵģʲô
´ʲôʱΪɣҵƤػؾ˵¹Ȼһʩ񣬡»Ҫȥϣиˡ
⼸·òϿһ˵
ûпɲǿεģҲķϻģ
Ѿľˣζ㣬ļүڸҳϵѰҳ֧֣οٵıˡϵ˵
һǲ˵ҵҪֻϺʲôʱת⣡
·ĪǲôһԲϹȵӡ
ΪЧңȻβ۲ϣǲʹôˣҲֻܿˡ
ЦˣǰʵԴ֪ɵϢ֮޾һֱ룬øʲôʹͲεĹأ˵ţζؿҡ
¸ʻϣµʹ𣿡ʻϡ
ӣ·ƺѾԼʹˣϲϺ꣬Ͼһζ
ػϵĻ»˸Ҫʲôʹˣֻǲ֪ǲǻӦֻϺ꣬ҷʹۣΪʹ
ģֻҪ㿪ڣ˵ǽ鱦뵱޵Ļʺ޶ӦЦޱȿɶ
ҲﰵĻʺ󣿣㣡ǵǸʹͣǸҵʹͣ
Ҫһ̶֧ӣҺԥ˵ںƾڣҾѾˣƾڷҶǸǳ׬ǮΪ·;ңԶ·ϵԺܶ˶ԴȴԣѾˣ֮󣬾ʻҪ̶֧ӣ̶֧ӣҾͿ԰ѲҶӴɷƣ׬ȡ
̶ӣҵĴȻѻҲˣ˿ңƺЩ̫ҵĻش
ԣʻҪ֧ɵ̶ӣظ
ΪʲôҪʹͣȴƫƫҪ̶֧أҡ
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ô֪ܰ֯һ̶֧أϿҡ
ƺˣ¾αװ̶ȥĺˡ˵
ϹЦ·ڴ޵ˣУ޴Ӧ㣡һ̶֧ӣ
лʹͣ
ǰЩӻǿЦ˵ҪΪǴɵĵһŮأڿɵһŮ˵λӣˣ˵
¾лϵĽˣЦ˵
лޣЦƣ޿ǺþöûпЦˡϺȻƤЦ˵
Ҳûҵ¥Цˣ
뿴ŮЦ򵥣ȱľŮˣֻҪ뿴ÿ쿴һʮġû˵
ϴЦ޻ϲ⸱ݵӣ
ҲﰵҿǺûˣǷˣ
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ãʲôʱˣԻȥġֱ׳˵
ĶСֻµλ˵
СǾˣٴҲһ˫ص˵
ʱĻϣﻹаӣȫǸɫĵͽӣ
ĶʲôϺȻֵָԶ˵
ҵҲһϽָķȥȴʲôûпƣȴȻһȣȻϸ͵һȥ
أҲ
޻ǰ⸱ģЦޱȵ⡣
´Ƶľٶ¿ɲұ֤᲻ʲôðյ˵
ϲЦӣϲ˿޵ӣϲ˳ԡӣأȴƫƫϲʱӣǶ̵Ǿޱǰϲסشҵ
ҧгݵ˰죬ڰŭסˣҪǻϣһƹȥˣƫƫǻϣƫƫĵ̣ҾҲΪԼԴ
¸ˣ˵꣬ͷҲصˣЦ
Ӵⲻ·𣿡Ҹ߹һͤӣȻ˵ֻͣ½Ųﰵ룬ҸطǷ壡
¼˵
ƽɣ·˿ǺþûнˣǰЩӿһҪѧء
ʴӱֻͨˣﻹõأ˵
ǺǣЦˣЩӵĽǿأ̫佱ء⹬ٺõգֻ¶ҪЩ˸ˣȻһת޺޵˵
ҲЩƣЩˣ˭أҶԹЩûȤˮ̫Ҳ̫죬ҿɲС
Ӵ㻹֪ɣȻ˲Ź˵̵Ļᣬû˵ʲôѾʼ²˵ˡ



Ŀɿڴ˵ľô
ôˣǲǾúܲ˼鰡￴ҵı飬Ц˵
û뵽
ǰѻҪءЦ˵óûʲôøСҲǣĻӣΪǻСĻӣʮܳ裬Ķӣдѹţôܵ裬϶ӹβãȻͲôûϵĳ谮ˡ
ﵱȻõ¹ʹûޣǸȴһֱڱͷڿǱ߳ˣȻֻˡ
·˻ûϲ֪ʲôʱ˹
ҸϽ
˵ʲôأ𣿡Ц˵
˵ЩŮ˵ĻѡЦ˵
ǰ˵ӵĹξ˲٣˵ºþöûмλءٵһ˾Ҫٵһˣرûͻ¡
ȻҲʧʱؿӣϲЦտ
˵ҲǣǰЩӻޣʲôʱȥ·ءЦˡ
ǳȥϽڡ
ɣϵͷˣϽߵС̫ȥӡ
˵·˵ԷȥɣҲþûˣЩء˵
Ǿȫƾϵİˡ˵ҲЩ˼ҵˡ
ʱС̫Ŷӹˡ
ʺ·ˡӹظѾ͹ҵˣûнĻǸĽ·ˡ
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ӻǳ˲ءҴŶ˵
ЦˣˣڵĹγʦأʲôʱȥ
ҲЦˣ㸸ʸող˵ҪȥԷأͽô˵ˡ
ǰɲǸͬϽӿڡ
ʱõϢҲŻǹˣϾ˭ҪñĻڻǰԱأ
ҿղײգǸɴһԷȥϿż˵
ϣˣ̣μڶ84£ǽӡ¹ѻϡ
Ǿһȥ˶ЩҲ֣ϴһӣ;飬ȻŤͷʫҲϣȥɢɢģţ
ɫЩΣȴҲֻڨڨӦˣļȻûбʾֻ¶ֻɣ
ղңʶǸĿ˴θ״ԪΪӢϱ⽫ʫ˭֪ĿȻܾ˻ϵĴͻ飬˵ڼѾİ֮ˣ˷УҪ½磬İ֮顣ܵһŭ֮£ȻĿΣҺҲʲô֮󣬾ͽĿ˳ûھУ˹١
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ʵҺĿʫִţֻϧƫƫûΪǣϺߣԵˣֻϣʫЩף߳ϵŮӣöףƶ֮ʫڴ󸻴֮ʳǵǧС㣬ŲΪ֪Ŀաѹֻ˵ϲʮ˾ţ޶
ȸˣԷʥݡվ
ڶ죬һ磬ͺõ͸Էˡ
𣿡ҵȥҵȻʼɱ
һأصʱ򣬻Ѿˣ̱ụ̂ݺЩΧڻϵߣЩ۵ŮǣΧڴӵߡһֵ裬Ѿʼˡ
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ˣҪѧ̴˹
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ӣ粻ӿԽ̽𣿡ϴڹмֶŮʴӡ
ҲЦһڶһأһѾʼˡ⹬ԽԽˡ
Ҳ̫򸸻ءӵĻ˵иɻ
PʸһȥûУϷԴ˵µ¹еɫЩʧ䡣
ˣ㿴ú𣿡ҡ
ٰȼнЩҿ˵ͬʱְơ
ȻʫԶ£ʫ𣿡߹ȥ
һܹסôѹִԼĸ飬ȵ;͸ߵĹУԵøܿɹ
һǲȥˡ˵
һ˵ЩʲôĻӹˣˣòã˵žȥˡ
·˰޽ýޱΣϸӶһȦ˵
Ӯ˻𣿡ʵ
ϹЦP㿴Ҹ˵ûɣ㿴ŰɣΪҴɵĵһŮأ
ҲЦˣɺͻȻ˵˵ЦЦЩȣûлϵ׼ȴҲ̫ҿǰ
£Ѱİ˵ﲻЩգȻֻС꣬ǱϾҵ棬ȴһҲң
ǣˣѰ˼ŰطҲֻ㲻ޣԲԵġϵ˵
ʲôûУʵ
˵ǵһŮˣ㻹ĵǮȥˣϿ˵մ̶ֻӣѰ޵ʲôöˣ
ţҪ̵Щʹͣ¾ƴҲҪӮ˻ϡҪûʹͣǻʲô˼ͱͷֱ׳˵
ҵĻӲЦǰϣϸǿЦõؿң޻ûˡУ˵ɣҪʲôҡ



룬ҪӮ˻ϣ͸һԸΣ˵
͸һԸϿңһҴɵĹҪȥѲҲҪӦ㣿
ô̰ĵ𣿡Ҳҿô̰
ӵĹ⣬޲òϿһۡ
ȻĻϲ׼ǻǻԼ˵ɡҰյ˵
޸լӣΣʡ
ǵ뿪ʱ򣬻ϾʹӦҵġó¿ơҲ˵ңҶԴլҲȤ
޾ʹ͸һƬأΣֿҡ
룬أҺҲò̫ţ£һʱҲ벻ҪЩʲôͣȽˣ־ÿԴӦʱ͸£ô
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ಣϵĵһаģΧһ󻶺Ҳеɫؿңˣ·ˡ
ҸȴȻúʹﲻ룬⣡ôԼ˸ˣ
Ϊ˿ѾȬԸղʱоҪˣҷҲңʱ䲻Ҫ˿ڡ
ڣ벻ҲˣֻӲͷƤˣȻҲ̫Լֻбб˳ȥ䵽˼ǰĵϡ
Ͽһۣ·˱ްɣ
ŻϣҵļϣȾˣʲô취ͷðĺЦ˵
ϲЦˣƫĴʶࡣȻʲôŤͷңǲˣ
ҲЩԾô֪ˣһѰ˼˼ɥô飬ǺӰܲϣ֪ҵˣҲͲΪˡ
ҵͷҲҪ˿ڡ
Ͽң㻹ұԣ
ͷҲû˵
ϰһۣȻŤͷĸӣ·˶Ǹʰ·ˣ֮˭ܴ·Ӯ˸ʣʾͰѸ·˵ʹ͸ǣ
г϶ʱַǷ˭ϣڻǰһأʹС£ڻǰ¶Ǵ¡
Ҳϱԣ𣿡վ˳󷽵ʵϽܵܵŮ۱֣Ǵӵıá
ðϽҴǽü޽Ҳ뿴ķɡ˵
µ¹ӸˣԹؿԼҵŮһۡΪֻһΣ̾ѾԶԶؽŮ˺档
ҿЩŮ̾⹬ôֵôŮǰ̣ҶҪ
ȻûһӮ˻ϣʹˣҲȻ˵ظÿһʹ͡˴δͷĵȻˣȻȲӺͻϣǹؼվѾܿɹˡ
̰Ժл·ѧѧͨĽӢ۰ЦŶ˵
̽ʥֿңԺ˶ָˡ
̹δ̫ǫѷˣʵļѾܺãָˡ˵
ˣ˿ڵôˣ߳гʱ򣬻ϵҡ
Ѿˣֻǻ˿˺ѡ˵
޿㻹èģоȻһδε˵
û˵ﰵ룬Ѳϣһ¾군ˣ
ˣôˣ磬Űɡһ£С̫Ͻæȥּȥˣʵһ֪ϻԷѾ׼˸ʳģֻȻּˡ
ϴ·ǸͦóԵģ֪ûʲôⰡϻǴԵˡ
³˼µأͲ֪ζˣĶóʲôò˰˵
˾ֻô𣿡ߣֻ˼ھͷ룬Ծʡ
ıˣԲȥˡЦ˵
ˣҲˣҲˣҲʳˣ·ˣٸޱԱϳԱˣˣϢˣͿʼôˡ
½ʥ˿ڣް
ʣPҲ˱ӺȻ˳
ҲãҲ˻˺úѧѧϿ
Ǵʹͣ¿ɵҪ˫ݶˡЦ˵
ҲӮǸ˵Ц˵
ˣŤͷЩӺ˵ͻСǾͲظˣȴȥϢɡ޺͕P·ȥͺˡ
һ£ʹЩٶĲʣҲֻܹԹԵش
޿˵ˣɲ޺͕PҪޣұ˱Ծˣ㡣֮ϣϿ˵
¿Ҳ˵ˣҪӮˣϺʹӿɲˣ˵
ЦˣôƤ𣿡޿κεؿҡ
Ҳ˵ˣϾϱ˸ùˣ˭֪Ӯ᲻մŭ
ʱˣ̲ɱȲܹˣȻȲϻϺʹӵȴҲظǺ档
·ˣڿ޵ĺ棬ҪӮˣɾ͸Ҫˣϵ˵
Ҳ֪˹ʱرҪעģʱҲҿԳǵΨһᣡ
Ȼʱƾ˴ӣȴûа취׷ϻϣ԰Ĳͨյ㡣
·տɕPӶ˵
ЦˣǴӿˡ
PöѧѧʱļɣղſƵúãӦòܡ
P񸸻ʽ̻塣˵Pȥϰ֪׼𣿡
ȥɣʺ·Ա߿ţָ㡣Ц˵óӣʮϲġ
οޣסǷһԸڿʱ򣬻ض˵
Ҹۣȴ޿κΡ

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PҲʮˣ㿴ЩŮĸʺϕPվڱ߶ϿϰϺȻҡ
ҲЩԾ飬ʲô
ЬӺʲʣֻд֪ĸŮʺϴӣȻҲֻдӱ֪˵
PϾδ꣬ܶûǺ˵
ǱңҲ֪˵ҶЩŮֻ֪֣˭ݣģɾһ֪ˡ
ûҪϸ𰸣԰ģؿż˵
ΪʲôңҲףΪʲôҪҰæ۲죿
ȣϣΪPҸһܸɣԸֶԳ͢ĹӣΣЩûϵֲѵˡ˵
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Ҳ˵ˣΪ֪ΣҶ治ֻϺꡣ
PתʱٰӷЩ϶ϰĴ˵
ԴӴȰޱȵĻϣȴȻǸµӰ
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Ҫ˵Ҳʥˣʫ³ֻ±񻹲ҡ
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֪˵滰Ҫ㶼˵滰ˣ޿ɾҲ滰ˡ̾Ϣһ
˵ϿңҪпգͰȰȰʫɡ
Ҳ˵ˣ飬ҪԼУ˾˵ٶĻٶ£Ҳûõġڵʫ͸һܲߵóȫԼˣǰﲻæġ
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Ҳ˵ˣϲҵĵǵ棬ΪҲԼɲˮ
ЩˣȥЪЪˡҾΪϲߡ
ԶһʱѲɿԶһĿ⾼ؿҡ
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Щ˸Ͻְ˽ŵذȥˡ
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סĻôԸһӣ˵
ҲЦ⻰Ӧ˵磡˵꣬Ұҩһ٣ҩҷˣȲȣȻŤͷߡ



ԼԭԺȴϾȻ˷Źˡ
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뿴㡣˵
ڿˣˡ˵
뿪˵ʲôȻˣ磬㲻ҪŮһǸŮߵģ
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㲻Ҫ֮飬òãͣЩͷˡ
ɰɣȻطȥ˯ˡ˵ţվͷҲصؽݡ
Ϸţ洫;ִҲҡҡͷһʱǱ밲ˡ
ɵϣȻ﷢Ǿ䱦ˣ˿ȴҲᣬΪòĸı䣿ʱŨҵĸҲΪ
뵽̾˿û˿ԺղϣգҲһ棬ʱЩĵӣǷ񻹻һغأ
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ҿԱߵͷʲôû˵
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̫ǻ˵Цһ֮£֮ϣңֻƵģƤЦⲻЦ˵
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Էڣ̫žò˵˾䣬ʹ
ǸɨǾôһֱڸסţ
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ĸҶǸλȷʵȤҪͷŰɣڹĵǣ¶ʲôʱϻ̾һ
ʲôõģôߵģ̫ɸֵؿ˶һۣҾͲˣϻҲǽøõˣ
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㺦ˣ㻹ϲ̫ԽסˣУҷǳɣ
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͸Ͽӣ̫˵ۿŻϵĶӶҪˣԼĶӻûжܲļ
ĸİɣ¶صߺҪٸӶСĸ׵ɫˣЦ˵
̫ûذ˶һۣѽȴʼĥֻǸ£ƫƫǸͷ¿֮䣬ֻ»еĥءΪԲԼӵΣøϿ취С
ڴϣȻգ뵽¾͸Լһ𣬻̵ġ
ܵĸ鷳굽˼㣬ƫƫߵһطʱָȺסˣȴԭǸڵ׷ԼķСİѷͷˣڱѪķء
ղŴô֪ޡԼм˵
ˣͲ֪ˣԱߵһ˵ŮˣһԼķˣἱòеġ
ԼﲻȻһôԼˣ¶ǲҲһżأ
ǣԼű˯ҹŷ˸գ¶ҲԼߣȻģԼţֻҪԼߣԼһ³Ϊ



׳ԣ죬Ȭˣȴֻڴװѡ
ڴװľҷ˸ۣΪҿİϷҼҪ뿪ƫƫ̫סţôգǲÿŪҶҸȥˡ
ﰵǸϺ֪꣬ܲھôأ찡ѵҪô̫ھһӣ
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¶ôܶô飬ѵ֮йЩѵ֮йЩ𣿡ĵعȰҡ
飬ԵڴԥѾ֮Ե֣֮һжѾǸˮˡڵңֻǳ͢·ˣѾûйϸˣԣϣԺ󶼲Ҫˡҵ˵
¶ôңôңȻƵıסңմйԲĵطѵЩҵΪԸж𣿻ԱҶĸ𣿡
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ۼϵ·ԽԽ٣ȴʼ޷ǯƣҲʼ˳ҵĲӳ죬ƴȴ޷֡
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ûǸ˼ϷſôԺ滹ѣղȥֻƵҰ㵱İˡ
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ңҺһǧŮӵġ˵ʵĲңŮӣͲǽ⸱ģϧƫƫҡ
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䣡۵׳У̫үˡ
ˣ̫ү˹
̫үĻ壬ʿΪղҹĿջΪ˽ٲƣȻڲȵķɺҩͼٲƺѣŶһ٣ܣ̫ү˵
̫үԩԩǺڵ˾Ȼʼԩˣ
ҸӲһۣڵ׼ҧһˡ
ٲƺкԩ̫үʡ
̫ү֪СĺδǳջˣԿջΪǸˣͲʲôٲƺ˰
ΪҪأ̫үʵ
̫ү֪ҹҵ꣬ãȻӲҪСĽ˵ӣȻСĳԹ˾ջССοȻ¶֣ɱСĻǣַŻСĿջСģСǿڵģүҪΪС
Ǻڵ˵ߵڰ׵һ˵ԱߵĴҧҸϽ֣ʾ侲һһ侲¶ݣֻ¸鷳
壬δ˵Ŀ滰̫үʵ
̫үĻδȫڵߵڰףѪˣ˵
Ǳ㣬˵ǿڵģ֤ݣ̫үʵ
У̶˶֤
Щͬ飬β֪ǸǴͨõģ̫ү˵
̫үǶΪδ֤δǿջģԹ׿ǴûжġǸδϽΪԼס
ǰҲסĿջû˵ʲôڵ갡İǿʼ˵ˡ
ףſӲͷˣδ󣬹ȻթǳûӦֻЩͱ޹ϸḶ́һЩĿǣֻԶû֪ںδĿջ¡ڱˣһӣԣ˭ֻȥأҲѹǲͶѵˣǣǾͰȫŹǣǾǴ׵ķˡ
·治֪񵽺ʱֻǣôһֻ´ǡ
壬˵δǿڵģЩ׶֤δǸֵˣԴˣָν̫ͣүʵ
̫үĻС˵ľʵδͬĻƸĿҩǻ˯󣬱ٲƺ˵
ǺδĻƺڣ̫үʵ
үĻСĻǶ˸ɱˣүΪСֹΪԩĻԩδ˵
ȺһƬֻ֪̫үǺδһϵֻƣŵģǻˡ
ҸϽ˳ӵӣ˲ע⣬ˡ
ϿǣҰϽǳʻȥ
Ϊ˼뿪ҡ
δһģδ֪ǵĴڵģҪǲϽ뿪һδӺǣǿɾ֮ˡ˵
ǾôˣԻô죿ҡ
İȫҪǵ˰ȫĵط취ң￴ǵ֣Ӧòдġ˵ףֻµ˷׶༪ˡ
㣬ҲãҪ͹٣ҲͲᡭӳ̾һ
ʵҲǺ£һǿĿշſԾˮ֮У򣬿Ҫƭһˡ˵
ǿӱ޳سǣŹٵݸʻȥ
ͲǺڵ겻𣿲ȻҲǷֿˣ𣿡ҡ
ңǵԻҵġ˵
Ӳ̾˿
Σ˵벻κһ˶벻˵
ҶҪΪԻֻع˵
ǵ˰ȫĵطԻᰲ˻ȥӦǡ˵
ͣظϵݸѾǰˡ
˵һ·û׷ȴҵģ쿴󣬽ӺЩһҿջ赥סһסĿջԶĿջΪܹպĵҵǣǳһ·˰ţסĿջſͬİš
һʲô̴ү뿪ҪǡҶӵ˵
ס˵
СģԻµġ谲οҡ
ҲҸö˼ҪϽҶ㲻кˡϴҾͺºϣһΣҲһ̾
ܹ˰ȫ˵
ְ֪ڣֻҾѰѡ˵
ܱ˵ǣǵĸ˵ȴǰΪʿǣŵƺΪңʱʹˣԼӶδ֪˭ɣ
ҳҹδߣշת࣬һǴӣҲ뿪ȥȵ壻һǵ壬ѵҪΪڶ£
շתʱ򣬺ȻţС㣬С㣬ţǵ壡
̾壿û𣿳˸ƣ㵽ȥţȻǵ壡
û°ɣҸϽȼ
û£˵ˣҲˡЦ
ҿƺ¶û˺ۣѵķʲô漣
ˣС㣬˹ˣôֻ¾ҪС֮ˡ˵
֪λˣЦʵ
֪¿״ԪĿ˵
ҶʱסˣĿֻ֪֪٣ȴ֪Ȼ֪
ԭȻǺδһֻԹĿ֣Щ̵ļһ·Ѱٹǵļ˾سǸʧȥټԱȥ١ȻǸǱΪѹȥǴˣҲͷӦݸ档
¹εĿӴʼԣЩʧٵİȻע⡣һʱ찵ãͷֻʱһ򾡣˭֪жȴİš
Ǳس΢˽õĿµģþ֤֤ͷͺδ֮ǱΪ飬ɱ̣ٲƺȻطߡǺĵͷͺδѱѺֻնˡ
벻ĿȻ˸Цˣⷽиˡ

Ŀ

벻Ǿ˸ڶ峿˷ܵ˵
ҵȻһ̳дͳôĿԳΪŹ֮
壬֪֪ںδʵ塣
سǴʣµˣ˵ձҪѺǼ˷ݸˡ˵
ܹգܴˣǶȥллġ˵
˵Ҳȥ𣿡˷ܵʣϴûмԲŻ˷ܡ
кβɣЦ˵
ݸãҶſڵ˵͸֪֪ˣá
ʶܴˣҡ
й֮ԵЦ˵
ʱĿˣˣ´Ƭ̣Ծ˵˿
Һʹӣã˽յŰݷãĿҡЦŽ˷衣
л˵ġЦ˵
Ŷ˿վҺĵ壬㲻𣿡
л˾֮
˱ٷ֮£ˡĿ
Ŀʴ˸ǡĿɻؿҡ
̶ӵĻЦ˵
ĿЦˣû˻˾̵⡣
ܴˣˣţȥ̶ӵ֪ҽݷĿ϶£ԾʶȤ˳ȥ
ˣλǣĿԱߵĴӡ
ҵܣƽǴġ˵ܴ˵٣Ҫһϣ˲ҪЦЦ˵
ƽܴˡӸϽ
񣬡Ŀˣҿ㣬سɴ
ǾͶлܴˣƽܴ˵ĵطϣ˲ߴͽ̡Ц˵
˵˵ĿЦ˵ʵŷôһʶˣü㣬ļʶȻڳˡ
ںѼ䣬һŮӶŲ̴ݳˡ
ôˣĿϽվȥŮĲ̡
λؾܷ˰ɣЦʵ
λҸλ͢շ·ˡĿ˵
·ˡʩ
˵»Ҹñݺģϧòִ٣ʧˡ˵
ˣҪ˵ĺءĿ˵
ƽܷˡҶԴ˵
ƽܷˡ˵
Ц˵
ζܴˣȻҵǰﻤҪˡ˵
˵ĳ¾Ȼִ˵ȶͽĳʧְĿ˵
׻˵ӴʲôУʥҲм֮ͽܴ˲𡣡Ц˵
˵һѪܷЦ˵
֪˴˷ǰδأĿҡ
´㵽ȥѰọ̀Ҷ˵
һ䣬ĿЦˡ
֪ܴٳΪηЦʡ
˿֪ĸױǽĲ̣ĿЦ˵
ҶʱסˣȻ𣬡ϼҲ԰ĪܷϼҲ԰ĴС㣿
ǡЦ˵
ҲЦˣǲǾ̵Ĳϰϴοҩ̣ϰ壬ηҶϼҲ԰ĴС㡣һҪĵһŮˡ
ԵƬ̣һף˵ԵɣʱֻȥҵȻ˷ġ˵
ǾͷϷˣ벻Ҫ˵ҵݣֽݡЦ˵
סˡܷЦŽȥˡ
ǰЩӣĿкȥݻˣȴ˵ȥˡĿֻ̾Եˣû뾹ȻԸڴ˴ԵĿ˵
еԵǧᣬλҪܴ˺ͷˡ˵
Ȼˣ³Բͱ㷹Ŀ˵
鷳˺ͷˣǹⲻȥ߶أ˵
ͼˣ๫θ˵˫ȫüĽѾãֻǲ˷Ҫúõظ̸һҳˡ
㷹̸֮Ƭ̣͸ȥˡ
ȥĿ𣿡ڻȥ·ϣҡ
׻˵úãһúĿջζ˵
Ӳˡ
ǷΣΣȻҡ
òȻǲʫǣ֮䣬ãͨǴҪġҿֹׯ󷽣ӦǸνȢ޵Ȣͣ˵ıˡ
ֻǿϧʫһˡ˵
¶ҪԵ֣ʫԵ㲻Ӧִڴˣֻۼ˵
ӺȻЦˣѹ˼Ҷ˵ɱϣҴϻۣüȻˡ
ǶЩʵ֮ʣҲЩƽӶѡ뵽Ҳ̾˿ʵνɱϣҴϻ۲ǱƳˣҲˣ˿̵ʲôǱھһѡ˵ĸСԺ˶û֪
վҪ𣿡ҡ
ҵͷǾͶ֮ӦþͿԵˣʱƽԺúõԽϵˡ
ҵļƻǣӴϣȻҴŲҶȥ߹أڽϣɻӦϾ֮·֮·ң߹ƲֹۣʵûǸϡ
Ҫƽڽ𣿡ȻеҵĻ
ϲ£·;ңԶ·ϵ״ҲҪö࣬ʵڲȥðաʵʵ˵
ǵ֮ǰ˵Ҫһ·ģ۽㵽ҶҪȻˡ
ҶʱɵˣһȻˣˣô죿

Ψͼ

ͨһ˵ЯСǰүվϸǰϸļҶ˵
Ҽү˽ȥҶһ˵
ݣƽܼүҸӼԴ֪Ҵڽ֮󣬴ӾͿʼ粽ظңһעƵġǴõȥɽˮԼү̸⣬ҪҲֻðˡ
˵ССŮţүʵ
ǡЦȡţ˫ֵ˹ȥ
СҶүź˵
ǡЦ
֪СٲҶأҡ
ٵĲ裬úã֮ʱᷭ˵
үһۣȴʲôû˵ֻϵĲ豭еغ
ү̳ս󲻵ã֪үأ
ÿʮˡ
ҲһÿʮǧΡҪǣ֮ǰʹõĲ裬ļ۸ҲÿʮǻڲҶģ˲ǵڵġ
үǴĲݲҶˣ˵
С㣬ϷĲҶãԼǮȻҲЩЦе˵
ϰ۸ҲõĲ裬ʹǵҶȥ򣬺ϼÿļ۸ҲʮүȴҪÿʮ̫
ϼҲ԰ĲҶãϺȵĶϼҽĲҶʶҪ۸ЩҲȻġүЦ˵
ˣүҵС벻𣿡ŭЦ
ҸСļǮѾǷǳˣ⻹ǿСŮϲŸ۸Ҫˣ˵ǮˣŶү˵
ܽˣϣгһգүΪյľٶڣҷ𣬡ƽߣ
㣬үҲ̫ǶˣŮǷˣȻ˿ɶ񣡡˵
ˣұĲ̡˵
պڴһ԰ϰÿļ۸ٵĲҶ
С㣬үǿɻˣϸ˺üˡǻ˵
ʲôһı顣
ҩġ˵
ӴСɻˣүɶҪˡʱһܼģ˴ˣǣϲɫ˵
үҽʲô˵
Ҽү밲Сүȥ͡Ц˵
żߣǲҸʡ˵
˻˵ʲôӸˡ
㣬үôȻְͽˣߺ󣬴ֵҡ
Ҳ£֪ҵݰɡ˵
ô֪أֵʡ
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㲻ǸܷˣҪй𣿡˵
ҲǵǮˣԲôġ˼£裬ȥ˵˼ǮٶЩˣҲҪװһǾ̡
Ͻȥˡ
ôҪ𣿡ҡ
ϰѾ֪ҵݣȲǺǮ£ʲô治Ͼӵ⣬ҲòСġ
ڵ𣿡ҡ
ҿҳĵطԣٳĸǧ˿Ƶϵҵ˼𣿡
ǵϰ塭ܴ˵𣿡˵
ĳ˻ҵסҿ˵Ȩǰ;ֵܷĿǳ£οأ
ƽµġ˵
ûʲôĵģҿҴûҲûҵŮ˵Щ㣬ҪСģүܷȻǸŮƢԺδ·пȫһģԣ
ϰòҪͶԴӲˣֻ½ۼĿʱΣͲܿƵˣҲĿܿƵˡ
С㣬λܷȻͨ
Ҳһôˣ
ˡ
ܷ񣬲֪λᵽʵ
˵ǼҸ񣬵˷ˣġǸ˵
̣ΪҲ޿ɺǡЦ˵
˿︸Ů˵
ܷ˶ˡ
Ҹڸа¾磬֪˿ɷ͹⣿ʡ
ҡҡͷθҵѾ˵ˣ̣Ϊûаֲףܷ˲̫黳
ҸŮ޵ݡ˵
ܷˣʵﷷҶܹʶˣԵ֣û˵һҪ˵ʶ򵽱˵ĲҶܷ˶Դ̫黳ǿ֮Ե֣˵
˹ʶˣ
Եصһۡ˵
һ˵
㣬˵үεĽѵ𣿡ߺ󣬴ҡ
νɽ׸ģƣҪĵһ˶ԣ׵ģЦ˵ҪܸģˣĿ˵δǼ£Ҫǲģͣ²˵ˣа룬ѱǸŮᲽҸƵĺ󳾡



ڶ죬ҺʹӴزҶ̶ӳˡ
ӿȥǳˣǴ㽫ڽһȫĵطȴȥģ˭֪óһϺּҪߵĶͰѴӴĶһֱصΪֹ
ּҵ̵ˣϣǲĴӵİȫȴ֪Ҵߣж຦¡
㣬ķ뽭Σϣҡ
ȻǱȲ˽ϵ羰Ҳһζ˵ڽϣȿɿ羰ɿŮ㶼ں˰ɣ
ǸŽ㳤ʶҪЦ˵͵Ǻ
ǲҲС˾ˣҺȻʲô
ҼС˾𣿡˷ܵʡ
ȥ߹أôܲС˾ˣ˵
ǽȥ𣿡۷ʡ
ƾ˵ûʲôս£Ǹ֮ĦƵ˵ҲȥԼȥ˵ϴѾԺˣٳȥ˭֪ᷢʲô飿ԼҲͰˣ˭֪ʱֻۼ˭أر߻ôһҪССģĶȥðհ
ãƻвҴ𣿡ӺȻð⣬Ҷʱסˡ
ҿΪʲôôʣ
ƽ֪ȥƣҲ˵ԺƵָƣƽʽ㡣˵
Ժ֪ʲô
ƾͺ䣬ʼϲ˵
ƽԺƵҲϤ˵˵ƻ᲻вҴɣҷ
ңƬ̣˵ĸ֣ò
Цˣƽ˵ûдرǱԺǸƵӣҪСķ
Ϊرթ𣿡ҡ
ǶҴĻ˽⣬ĵԽ˽㣬вԽ󡣡˵
ǽԶ˵Щ𣿡Ӽе˵
ǵ˱߹أ㻹С˾ˣţֻ֪Ҷ࣬١ҰͱԺϸظ˴Ӻ˵
ǽԼᵽȥ𣿡ҡ
ҡҡͷϴѾ˱Ժע⣬Щɥ֣Σ룬ǲȥƵˡǣҲȥҵ̶ӲȥţϺ̶ӣǾ˼ǵģԣЩ飬ҾͲΪˡ
С㣬үѾûˣСүСġǡ
ҵͷ
㣬ѶԸ𣿡ҡ
֪Ǳ˸ΪײС˵ȻǳҪһе׼
𣿡ҡ
˵Ȼ壬ҪǼ飬ҲҪս
ף˵
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㣬ĸǷףҡ
커սһ𣬶һϣ͸С׳⿴
ӦԶǸֻġ˵
ùʼ׼ûѪգǳУѧû֮أԣ֮ȻԾԾԣסѱˣ᲻ʲôðյľٶȥܵѵֻҪ˼ҲǺõġ
ȴǷ׻ض˹ȥûеһԼŭ˷ף̲߷ɱ
ûϵԼȻûУڵس˹һƵĴӣЩľ
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ң˶żһ˷׵ļȴǷ׾Ȼ쳣׺Ȼһְε˼ϵļٳɳ۶
忴Σ̲ȥǸף˶ʱսһ
׼˷ż׵ӦأҲϡ
ɱףȴסˣǷ׾Ȼŵ屻ŵĹ򣬴ӵֱ
ͳϴǸҵذסƽ³Ӧս׼խʵڲӦսһ˵ԼҲ³սذס
㣬վƽĺ档ӾȻһ
ȻҰӣҷǰǵƤǵһظɣѪķףͨ˫ۣǡ
ЩСүҽҪúýѵѵǣսе
ͨ˫˹ӻӭ˹ȥ˫ʱվһ𡣼غѾƣȴԽսԽ¡
ڣӳ׼һյһ̣ӷؿڴض
׵ڵϣ˼£ٶˡ
ʱĴҲ˫һ˵ϣʼڴڵش
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㣬Ұѷ׸ɱˣضЦ˵
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С㣬үЩô죿ս󣬵ҡ
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ɷӢʵ
ͲˣֻΪһĸĸ٣͸ûһյİΣ֮ࡣӵĻЩҲסˡ
˵ǣǱزԸΧֻسǱ㣬ټأʶŴΧ޹Ǵͳ緶ʹϼ
ˣȻ֮࣬سǱֲ㣬͸ðѰ֯ͬԿԹٱ֮ǹ˵
ƽɱϣıԹˡ³ҶԴ˵ӵѾʼ¶δӵĶߣֻϣΪһðܹϰҵ

߹

ܼС˾ˡҶԴ˵ʱϵƺڽȥҲ࣬ϸƵֵ֮Ѿʼ֡
ǽǲҪһˣȻ̶ȥƣҡ
ҡҡͷʱȷҪȵ˱߹أ˵
壬ɸȥӪ󽫾ڿջٺúҵݸһš⣬ҲڱӪ¶棬µһúƷ֪˴ڱ߹أ˭֪ʲô¶
У߻ǿ䱸ҷԸ
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󽫾ûãſһ󼱴ٵĽŲҲͬʱ
ſˣЦݵǳҵǰϲؿң˵ʲôȴڿԵĴʱסˡ
ӣôˣתŹغãǲ𱸵ضԴ˵
ǸÕPŷ˳ġЦ˵
Ҳ󵨣ôŴˣָҸۡ
Ȼô죿
ˣúģҳȥߡ˵ȻһӵĻ˵ǴڳǧҲֻ¡
ϣҸմ򣬺Ȼ˴Ӵ˽ҸУͱס죬ң
ôװŪİˣҲһۡ
û취ҪŴӣֻˡ˵
㻹𣿡浽˶ʱҷ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ô벻㣿һѽӵ뻳С
𣿡
룬ʲôҡ
أ𣿡ҡ
룡˵
ӲЦˣҿ춼㡣
ҲŲء˵
㿴·泶һ˩ĲϵģҴսϸǸȡһݸҡ
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Ǵ׹º±ϿǸָӴԺҾһֱˡ˵
ô󽫾͵ҵĶõ
˵أֻҪ˵̷ҶϡЦ§סҵ˵
Ƥ񣡡ҲЩߣӻڸء
ҽȥһ죬ˣ˿Ӧ˯ء˵
ôԤı
佫ǣթЦ˵
Ǿư
˭أЦˣˣ˵н㣿
šҵͷ
ҵϣСĸЦ˵ҵˡ
ûߣô֪ҿҽСĸ ҹⶺ
ҪȻʲôЦˣн㣬㲻ýС˾ˣ§ԼŮˣ
һϯŪɫͨ죬㻹ſң
һѽ뻳У֪һж𣿰쿴ʱҲΪԼΣ֪жٻ˵𣿡
ﻹ𣿡Ժû鷳
Цˣ㵱󽫾ֽİҪһúõؽѵѵ˭ϴأˣ˺𣿡
ûˡ˵
Ӱһ·ϵ鶼ˣ˵ǸӢۣ˵ŮӣӣֻҲбȼġ˵
ڿʣҲţ˵
¶֪Ϊʲô𣿡Ȼҡ
Ҳסˡ
Ѿʮˡĵ˵
ٺ˵۱ݣҿĳأҸϽ
¶̫ˣʱҵԸ㱿㣬㣬ûˣһ˵ˡ˵
أҷ˭֪󽫾ǳķΣٷ簡
¶ԴˣЦˡ
ҲŲԴأû˵
¶ȱ߹ͣˣҴɽ֣òãҡ
ͬ𣿡
˵ˣκ˵Ҵء
ˣһһ䣬ܱסӵİΣΪô׵ؾ˵뿪뿪𣿡
˵ûҶңԴӣԽɽ𢣬նΣôأѵҶû𣿡ҡ
㣬ҲƣҲ߲ɵü棬ȡҲ૵˵ǣǵļ϶̫κͲѣԣעǲһġ
ҲţһѱΪ㣬ҿһУ
ҲΪһУ˵Ƕ߹ʧİգؿҴɵİҲӣԣǾͶԼϵصٿۣ࣬Ҳ
ѵҪҾؿҶȥ𣿡ʹ˵
Ҳ㣬ҲԹ㣬֪ҵ⣬ԼԸģԣ㲻ھΡ˵
¶ʱԸûôʶ֣˴壬Ը˽ЩСЩ˵
ˣ㻹ϲ𣿡
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֪Ŀ࣬ҵֺγֻࣿǣԼҹΣ˽Сʹ˽ˣСˣҹɽˣǾܶ㿪ķǾܱܿЩκصǵľܰҲԣעֻʹңңֻôأȴֲһ

ڴϣսȭͷ֪˭ķ䣬㣬ϲҵС˾ˣֻǣǿһ𣿸ʺүһ
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ôأʲôأǴӣ˵ֻǵܵܣ

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Ҫȥ𣿡ҡ
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Դƽȥ𣿡ҡ
Ҫ߹أƾȥʹС˾˶ɡ˵
ƽҲҪһȥקҵӲˡ
ҪԺȥ֪ʲôΣգԲܴȥҶ˵
㲻£ƽҲ¡ˡ
Ҳͷˣ֪Ͳ͵͵ˣڵãôأ
ûôĵܵܣûؿԱЦޱȿĵĴ˵ĥӲݣڻǰˡȻˣֻĻǾԲģ̶һ
ҼõĽ㡣ȻŪҿЦá
壬Ҳ£˵ҶԵ˵ԭļƻõ̶н뺱ƣҾͲˡڼȻҪȥǣͲɴൽ
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ЩҲδ̫бˡ˵
꺱ƹ嵱ȨʱҲǹţ磬ԣǵȻҪˡҿסܿܣգսܣɰյҲһԣҴɵĽɽðհҵս֮࣬岻ݴǵְ𡣡
ƽסˡӿ˵Ŀᶨ
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ԺʮϣʮµӣһҪ飬μӶԶԺսͷǸСͷͷĵ˵
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£ǴˣҪ͡ǸСͷͷ˵
壬ȥĳðҶҶԵ˵سȥˣһһĲҶˡ
λүаҶҶҴ磬ΣЩʿ
ϺõĽ²裬˵ǣǴҲδغȹֻҪǿϷŹҴ磬Ҷǵˡ˵
Сͷͷתת飬Ǵ˭Υ
ЦˣץˣǸȥ̵ģǿǷĺôûУҪǷҴ磬Ҷʵʵ䵽ǵġô㣬˵𣿡
ôһˣֻһҶ𣿡Сͷͷ˵
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Ǻ˵ÿ˶кôЩʿЦ˻æӦС
ֻҪλүչҴһңԺĺòҶȻٲ˾үǵġ˵⣬Ҵ￪ҲҶ̣λǿ϶չҵС꣬ôȻҲٲ˵ġ
ЩʿһüЦģǿ϶չһҺСģ
ǶʿŲҶˣݺľľмؿңӰ㿴㣬Ϊ磬ôǮôлأ
Ǯƶ֮ֻҪ򵽴ƽٶǮʲôЦ˵ȻһߵĴӽ˵ҵܵܣƽЦ˵ƽľľݽ㡣
һһ
ӴǸεжҪǵ˲ԭϣ²ЩŮԵߵģݿ˿˵
ӵʱЩˡ
ˣǣҡ
ҶģЦ˵ҵҵңʹһ˼ңҾǴҵܵܳͬʱҶ׬Щ
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˵ûʲôսңǱϾֺαʻˮأȰҡ
ˣֻҪڣҪӣͻҪҵĲҶҪĴ̶ӲҹҵĲҶǸˣ˵
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ӵ˼ǴУǶķӿţĶҲҶ̰ɣҲðտš˵
³²Ҷ̿ŵˣԼŴӺ͵˴ɡ
ô뵽￪ҲҶأҡ
Ǻĳ֮һҲǹֵ̼ıؾ֮·ϢʮͨҪ֪ƾڵǸĵط˵
롭ӿңҵͷûǸҶ̽һϢģռԺƾڵϢشɡǣҵ뷨ڴˣÿζô̶ںƾ߳۲ҶҪսҵвҪԺƾϮΣաԣҴ㣬ĲҶ˵Ҷ̺ٽԺƾڵЩнõƸȥȻᱻǷȥһЩ󣬵ҿʡµʱ䣬ٵɾȥµĲҶͬʱﻻƷûشɷʵǿҶ̻㡣
ҵ뷨Цǰϣ㻹治ǴɵһŮˣ㵽һ©
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һῼǵġ˵
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¹ش󣬵岻Ϊֵ֮̿˵
Ҹ˽̶ˣԣҰ¼и㣬ţܹһİţ˵



˵һ죬ĻᵱϴɵĵһŮˡϣǿ˵
Ҳѧ٩ңûصһۡ
ĶҰ룬Ҫǳ˵һŮˣ߿϶лţʱ򻹻ǵ𣿡Թ״
ҲЦˣȻʲôҪֵ𣿡
ֻҪܿ㣬Ҿôˡ˵
ԺȥԺֻҪæˡ˵
¶֪жìһ棬ϣԶҵߣһ棬ֲϣΣյĵط˵
ûµģæ˲Ҷ̵飬ҿܾҪˡҲ뿪ǣܲﲻȥɣ
֪ҵ˵ȻϲǶ㣬ȴϲȥˡ˵
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ǻм٣ңҵϲֻ¶Ҷ㣨¹֮ˡ
Ұһۡ
滰£ȥ֮кףʹӦ˰ɡȻ˵
ΪʲôҳԾʡ
߹ս²ϣҲ֪ʲôʱܻȥңǻȥˣҲ֪ʲôʱſжϵصɽ֣ңĵ˵Ҳܵ㣬ʹٶĲᣬҲôɵţһ
أȢŮ𣿡
ҡҡͷҵѾݲŮˡ
ѵҵ𣿡
ҲܣҲһôɵţ˵
ĿҼ޸ˣ
Ҫ޸ӣҵ񵶽һǣҲܲΪ룬ӦùҸӣи㣬ķÿɰĺӣҲΪԼ˽ͲȥҸ˵
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Ȼѡ˼ҹصҪ̹Ȼ֮ѣǣûһЩѡûɵҸ˵
ô֪Ҹ˱˾ͻҸ
Ůӣ˭õˣϧġ˵
ôңԸԸ޸أ
֪ҵ⣬ԽģҾԽǲĵ㡣ʹ˵
ǶĬˣ˵ʲôأԵļҹص֮谭ѡҹصڲˣֻôĬĬ
ǣ֪ΪҺãǣԼѡģʹһӶһҲԹ㡣ҲҪģֻҡã˵
¶һѱסң¶ҵ¶ôģôġ
һס죬˵ˣԸģĸԸġ
رңҸоȵĶҵ֪Ŀ࣬һ֪ԼĿ࣬ߣǼϵļҹصⱲӶңңûа취һ𡣵ǣҲڣģ
󣬳贫Ϣ׼˲Ҷ̵Ŀšִ˴Ӻ͵弸ǰ
ŵ죬˲ˣǶʿҲˡ
С⻹Ҫ̸λүˣϣλүԺз㡣˵
ǣǣϲЦտؽӹҵݸĺæӦ
⣬С꣬СӪ´̣ʲô̵ϢһҪǰ֪ͨǡ˵
ģֻҪһ̣϶ģʱǿ϶֪ͨ׼ġСͷͷ˵
УĲҶүҲҪǡԺԹĿ̶˰˰ҲǿЩʿյģԣ¸ǣԺĲҶȻͨöࡣ
ģЩʿЦˡ
ȻҶ̿ˣǸصн˶Դ֪Ļ࣬Ǽ쿪ʼҪŲҶ뺱ƵĸȥЩн˵ҶңҪ˵ûǮûйϵƤҩҲաҶǼơ⣬ǮһҪҪΪ̰ͼӣ̧۸񡣡
㣬ԺҪշˡҶ˵
ѽﻰȵģ˵
ˣǻиȥϵ𣿡ݡ
͵͵ܳģҸ˼ﰡ˵
ҾǸ߱ˣԼϢǲ֪Դ֮󣬱ԺͰҸˣΪ˰Ҹȳ˷˲ٵĹ򣬶ңΪԺɱˡԣĺܺ±Ժ֪ҵ١˵
û뵽ԺȻĺģȥֵܶûи߹ͷİɡ˵
ҪЩҵݣҪ͸¶κϢرǱԺǱߡҶǼĻƣҪʲôϢǵϴ߹صƽʱĿջһҶ໥ӦЩ⣬ҪķսңصɣҪܲҶˡ
С˳ᢣҶռϢͨЩʿԺǾͿԵõĺϢˡȥ·ϣ˵
ֻҪˣ˻ȥϢ֮󣬾ҪȥϽҶˣңյƤҩģҪ˻ȥءЦ˵
ΪСЧǵҡ˵
ǰôûи߹ңصɺ󣬴ҡ
ѹһ·ûô˵ԭΪ
ǹȥˣʲô˵ġ˵
Ǵգ˵򵥣𣿡ңҸվʱԱߡ
ûпֻЩ׼˵ֽǮ˳ǽ
ո˵𣿡ҡ
ǽϺ£ʵҲ֪ǲǵΪǶ㸸ʵӰ㸸ҵġҵȼֽǮ˵
վڳǽϣָŴɵĹ˵ƾڰ࣬ҲˡԣܲܺｮðհҵͿˣ
Ӳ˵ֻĬĬؿµһء



Ҫ𣿡ҡ
ҵͷҶ̵ѾˣҲ뿪ˡ
¶ס˵Ļһϲĺˣͼ˰ɡ˵
أǲҲ˵һϲĺŮͳװɣ˵
㻹֪ҵ𣿡̾˿ƾڵļڿʼ˱ַԺһս˭Ҳ˵׼ôҲ˽ҡ
ԸҪģ㲻𡣡˵
¶һǾ仰ֻҪҸⱲӶֻԶԶ㣬Ҳ֪ˡ˵
ҿû˵ãҿĻ֪ôΪҺãҲ֪ôصĿ࣬ǣԸ⣬Ը⡣
P·϶СġǶӣתңˣһ·ء
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ûˣҪЩ񡣡˵
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ϣڴϣŻ˵Ļѵһᴢķ粨ľҪչ𣿵ʱĸ޼ĻǣǷһĳأ
ĸӸһԷʱ龰ʱ龰ʱԶķǴӣȴҪᶨվڴһߣʹӵҵĽ£Ҳܶҡ
뵽Ҳס۾ܣϣѪȵһĻԶҪȻ֪ͨλ·ǲѪȺͷǣһϣĸӣȻܹΪֵܡ
Ϊ˱ĸ֮Ļɱ¾ϲžܹеķ粨ѪȶԼϣԴӶԣǸĴȸǶӶأʲô
ұ۾ȥֻϣѪȵһĻԶҪ
ڶ죬Ϊ̫ӵʥּʹ˾ǣͬʱͬ죬£浽ŵƽʣַǷ
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㣡ȻӽҵѭȥӾȻվҵԺſڡ
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ǕPֵӣPҪԶסǶӣԣP㡣˵˿ûҪıƺ˼
ЦЦֻòֻ˵ʱ̫ӱ˳ƺɡǵ棬ǳƺҷ˰ɡ̫⣬Ҫ˻
PסˡܸPһȥ𣿡ҡ



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ʱˣ㻹ǿȥɡʱҶӵ
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ҪƤ𣿡ƹҡ
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ǷǰëƤõǵȥ̸׼Ǯƹҡ
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Ͻ´һʼ֪Ľ֣Լѡ·ģԣϽظеΡ˵
治֪ϱʲô֣ôŮϽ˵ⱲӣǷģ±ӣϷţҲҪֲ



ΪֳԣҶֽЩƤºܿˡ
˵˼ɣЩƤµʽǺÿһʰһ˵
Цˣÿô飿
ЩƤҪϸպãҪŪˡҶأͳЩƤµʱҵ÷ŵͳȥءʱҪעЩóӸ˻ùˡ
עġ˵
ҿţüͷǵӼģ˵˽ϣ絽ϴϵõṆ̀˭֪ϼҲ԰˲ԸԸŻݵļ۸Ҷңδá
պţҲЦү˳ǾǿôԴͶң˵Ұɣ
룬ʸţϼҲ԰ĲҶٱҲҪԭ˵õļ۸ԭĲҪҶҾҪΨͼүһѵۿ˵ֻͣǰʯͷԼĽţ
ŽԺȴЩģҲǵүǸΨͼļ̣ҵĵĿ򸾣һֻｫҪٵĴرڻѾĿ̫ӵ˼ŪòãԷ˵ַɣǻֱӰԧ졣
뵽ļŵһߡ
ƺз°һеȻ
ƺѾ֪µķʲôˣ𣿡ҷʵˣҲŵ᲻ӡ
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ˣǸҹ㣬ֹׯ֪˵
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ֻϣǸܷ˲ǸͿˣأ򣬡ϲ˵ˡ
ϣʱ򣬲ؾȡġ˵ԸŮԣЩʱĲôȡġ
֪˼ǣҪףˣʱܷûȨף۵ĿɾͲһˡζЦЦ
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ǣδѣǺõġЦˣ˿ڲ裬費
εϷҶʱһ²衣˵
ˣ޻ǵǰȹ÷ƣ֪Ƿڸأҡ
÷Ҫˣ÷ȹЩˣǿЩ𻨾ûϳġ˵
޾͵ˡЦ˵ˣ޵ˣδүأ
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·˹ȻǸسŵ֮ˣˣֻүǸǮĶ˰ɡЦе˵
ˣ㣬㿴һ磬ܹɶ֮ţƫƫǸЩ۵Ŀ֦ͳۣ˵ʱôأϺȻζҡ
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ҲãӦӹģͲôľˡ̾˿˵
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裬ȥ󽫾һְġ˵
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ϲͬ⣬ΪҴ˿̻ǰ𣿡ҡ
Ҳ˵ˣѾĻԼԼؾЩʲô
֪ʲôûдҡ
˼˵ҳԾʵѵĲˣ
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¶ްҲˣ𣿡һҿˣ̻񣬸Ͻҡ
һ̣סˣΪһץס̧ͷһûУЦѡ
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ҿǱթΨŮСҲû˵
ҾǸСŮӣôˣϲˣҹʵ
ң޿κε̾˿˵ǸСŮӣǸ׺ĸ棬Ҳֻˣ˭ռıأ
㻹˵ĻҲշɺ죬治֪Լ˶ٳ飬Ųҡ
˵ԺٺȾˣʹҪȣҲֻܵҵȣ§˵
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͵͵˾һۣӦ֪ǲǸƭˣ
Ƿˣ룬˵òãЦ˵
̾˿֪϶漰棬վˡ

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ţûҵ뿪͵̫ǰȥ뿪ľ˵鷿ǰŤͷǸŮ˵Ѿ϶յ뿪ŮѲ˸ϵԣûаȥŪ֮ǰǲ뿪ġ
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֪ĶӣѾ߸ɡ˵
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۾ֿңԥ˰Σڿˡ
ҶؿָΪӷָ̫ؽѾʼˡ
ͷҵĿ⣬ãұ۾Ҹ˵Щʲô˵Щʲô
㻹ǵҵļսʱҵĳŵ𣿡ΣҿˣԼ벻ƽ

˵ʵ񶼲֪յĸ鵽ôģΣٳ谮ңձϾܸøӦеغͰɣ
ǱĴ˵
˵Դ𣿡̾˿֮ԵԲŻôһ٣ٶֻǣһŮ˵ټǿҲ˺룬ǳ׵ˣҲãûˣԺͲ˺ˡգΪԼľʿԵʣ
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ڰ𿴼ҵģѾ飬οҵ
Ը洹һõվ˫ֺʮĵ档
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Ϊ˭ǹȥǸں󹬣޾׵𣿡Ҳڵ㣬·ߵؤԸ࿴һۣȻܵ޳ܵҿ㻹治֪ʲô߳ģ
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ҽȥˣҲüͷʲôأ
ôˣҽô죿
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ԺҪСģǸɲʲôʡ͵ĵƣ

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Уأȥɡ˵
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Уȥȡʮ̳͵ΪҵĳͣЦˡ

ĸŮ

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շŻŵ˳ȥأһķ˽˵һİ˶ܿҶԷİ⣬ȴȫȻںⶼΪڵԵʣֻҪˣͻע⵽ˣͻϲˣҶ˵
ҵһ֣ԭ㲻ҩǱ֣쵽ҵļɺҾȻһֱûвƵóѣ
ûЩƵ˻ôҶһûдִŵذһҲûдǣΪִŵذһˣȥ޼ɵ˺ˣȴǾԵشϼӴ
ҹܲôˣҶ˵
ˣҪ㣬һʣЩǸ˭ȵģЩƵҪǳˣǵĸĸ޶ô죿Уֻ֣©Ϊڼ޻Һң⣬һҸ𣿡˵Ҹ㣬ǰΣΪƫִ㣬ĸףǵľ壬һŪòã㻹۵Ҳһ𱻿ͷ
㲻ҪŻңҲ£ҶŲ˵
Բ£ҷȰ㣬仰㻹ͷʱ˵ɣ˵
ˣˣЩ鶼һ˸ɵģҪɱɱɣ¸Ҷûйϵ
Ϊ˵𣿡ҿ֪֪ЩƸղЩ͵ȥˣҪҸղŶ˸ۣ֪˭ںЩƣʵ
һ̱˵ϣղŻʮӲҶҲɫף
֪ˣ˵͵ͺˣ͵վҶصһƣͽأֻͨ˺أͿԲܲѵЩ˵𣿡
ʱȻţһģڻˣ



ҿ˷һۣȥŰɡȻ󿴿ĸŮɻҰﲻˡ
ſˣǸղŵЩ̱ϹϾվߣΪվһˡϣ
Ͻʹ˸ɫ˰ԺŸˡ
·˰ݼ£ҸϽ
ݼ£ҲϽ
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ҿҶĸŮҲǣʵ̫ˣΪ˵õһ˵ģȻϧ˺˵Ϊԭǣ
ˣˣϣϣϿʱȻѹ򵽻ϵǰͣؿͷġ
Ǿʲô⣿ң֪ҸղŵľٶѾ˻ϵĻɣҪȻܻʦڵСԺ
汻˼˪˵
Ͽһۣȴû˵ЩȴѾ˹ȥĹ𻨾Ҳδ򿪣ϸ鿴Ƭ̣վϵ˵ͷ
ô˵˪ǼӵˣϿĸŮʵ
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Ǹ޺ȵı¶𣿿ǻ˼ô˵˲ļһ޾ǰǧУˣ
һ˵ҪǧУҶ˫һ˹ȥ
ˣĶ˳ȥѺΣУ޸ǵͷʡǻȥҽͷԸЩһӵϣĸŮ˳ȥȻԺţһʧˣֻʣңͻϡ
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µľˣΪ˼ЩƵġ˵ʱңֺڸղһʱʧ㣬ȻЩȥѷҶˣⲻǸ˻֮Ĺϵ
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ȳȥɣԺ˿ϸЩζؿ۷
սսسȥˡ
ķ¶¶˵˸𷣣˱£ҹ
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µĲƸǻϵģѲɻЩǮƣҲʵôҲѪǮǣ
޲Ǯ룬ôԱô󷽣Ψޣȴĵúܣ˵ɣް£ĴûдЩߣϵĻڵϷ
˵ǮˣȻóˡǶڻ˵¾Ǹ⵰Ȼ취ЩôˡνĳԴ󻧣ˡ˵
ƫͻ˵޿κε˵ˣɣ
ɴ⣬Ͻվ
õͦģϻŲҡ
ϵĻǽԣ¸Ҳ𣿡ҸϽ˵
֪ʲô𣿡ϺȻսʵ
νʥѲ⣬³ۣôȥԲ¶ʥأ
룬ھ֮Ǿ˵Ҫ𣿰޾Ĵ˵˵ˣЦеҡ
ϣҲգ治֪ЩҪǿ⸱٬ģθ룿Ϻ󹬻̵ģѲɻϡҰ𣿡
öٶ࣬Ҳ塣ʱ򰡣ЩСθЦе˵
ҲﰵǸθС˰Щʲôѻɽ亣ζ
ˣ޻㱨һģЦеˣߵſڵʱȴȻͣס˽Ų£޿ԸѡЩɿɣ޿ɲϣûȵޣѾ˸ˣް׵һ
ҿЦõĿŻϣڵҵڵԼûԵ뿪θСˣ˷ˣ
Щ۷ˣߺ󣬷ҵǰ˵ûԶ뿪ˣ͸Ͻˡ
̸ʲôۣʵҽҶŵҽȥôǳ˶¶ףҵĴ˵
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ɣʵĲһ·ϣ㲻֪ҶٴˣԣѾ㵱֪Ѻ͸磬ҷǳϧͿ֪֮꣬ǣӴԺ󻹻ҵõ𣿡ղҶĻѾҺͷƵһεľأҲ취֮ξأƱػʧȥҼΪصѡ
ͬʱֲҼл룬ֻһӦеҸ
𶨶ؿҺһܰѷ֪ѣǷңƴأ
磬𣿡ʵ´Сһ˳󣬺ϣһֳ֪Ըµֳ𣿡
ɷ˿𣬿ϸΪã֮
ԺҪҷˣ£硣˵ͬʱһʯͷ



һҹδ˯벻ףΪƽʱǺ˵ĸŮζȻΪ˸Ǯƶգء˵ƽմǲȲǣҲûǷǵĹǮ˵ǶΪշǾȻΪһ˽Ҫء˳ݺǣΪ˺ңȻϧ˺޹֮˵νɥ
ƽĺˣҡһħڼı仯ν󣬱˵ңֻκһ˶޷뵽ɡ
һΪǮһΪ飬ͨ˱˶ħʦ̫ǰ˵˵ﶼסһħһջħǱħԣǲҪԣ徲ֻѹסԼħ
أҵħʲôʲôʱֻʲôܹջұħǸ
ʱһָҵԺ鶼Ѳ˸ϵǹĺģֱӶԸңǶߵ˺֣ҩ̣ǷкݶȡĺС
ҲսȭͷУҲһˣҵ취ǣǸϺƫƫҪǣƾһǵ˵ҵʼնҪߴˣڰʱ̶ңһ׼ҵ㣬һڰҹշҲ©ʱǽˣһأү˾ңоèҲʱ
Уұ취˵ϳȥʹȥҲҪĶεҲˣֻǣҸô˵ϳȥأ
ڶһ磬һ긾Ůҵĸ˵ҵġ֪϶ǻˣҲãζĸŮ飬ҲʵǺˡһٴ˸˻ǵԼһߣ
ȻǻģҪĳ£Ҳǻϵ⣬ٿԲõԼͷϵԴȻ˵һҵҲ˫ϵ۾Ҹ֮Ҫټ͸ѣǣеñʧΪ֮ƣҲֻһһˡ
ǣڸѵʹ־æѾܾöûмˡ϶ƺǴһһѡһҵľȨһȥȴֽʹνҡΪʲôأ
֮ĵһǰЩƤ£ЩƤϾҪóˣǣڴ֮ǰұ뱣֤û⣬ͳȥĲջҲ顣
ͬǸ˵ˣҪǲǲڵģҲãίߵ˵ЩԲԵļٻϻʲô˵
ҺƤµʱ򣬷ڰҼЩƺͲҶеľƶ˶ֻܵҶͷҲûѣɵĹ𻨲͹ֻܰװ׵Ҳò̾ҶҪݺңҪƳЩߣ治֪˿ҵĴô
ҵǣЩƤû⣬ҪȻʧءҺҵΪ̫С޷һ̳ƣԻһԾɷڹûҾҪˡ
ӲصģﻹЩҪȥˡ𿴼Ҵͷɥӣ˵
ûµģǮҲϾһг͢ٺֻԼ˵ĹѪѡЦŶ˵ԴҸΪ֮͹ҽˡϣܹ뿪ȢͻݵӣҸӡ
һֱĥôܰȥĶɱҲܰؽţڴھҵ׸ôأ
·ߵ¡ҹڵ˵
·˴Ϊ޳ȥǸİɣеغŲҡ
ʥ˵Ǻ֮ǣʵǵʲô񶾵ڰʹηҲǷʤ
Ųܻס㣿ζʵ
ʥС߶ʥأ˵
ģ޼ȻŵҪ㰲ȫͱض˵Ųޣ˿ڲҡ
û˵ѾʵڸңһǸġ
£֪ӶԻ϶ԣζʲôԣ²´ǣ¶ԲҲԲܺûţٳˣ
ôɶȥֽţݷ𣿡Ͽʵ
²顣ֻҪЩѵѡ˵
ֻҪĵܵĸԣֻҪסĵܵĸİ飬ҲʵģϿ˵
ˣƲռ̣ҪҪȥϺȻҡ
Ҳסˣƣʱ䣬ȷʵˣҲˣΪԻϴ£ȻûбȴҲǧ֮ΪͷȻûôʹĥˣԣҲǺõˡ
ȥ±ȥȥ±㲻ȥνĵûʲô飬ʮһֱ֪Ĵڣ֪֮󲻵һ£ֱΪ޸˾Ҹһ֮һŽ߿һҪأһĲ֪˵ЩʲôνĹ飬ѪŨˮ룬Ҹ֮䣬Ҹ֮䣬Զˡ
޷֣㻹ЩѪءЦе˵
Ѳɱϣ¶ǸıϵͺĵĴΪǶ𣿡ҷʻϡ
ѪԲ侲飬ģŻ᲻ˣⱲעˡϲشҵĻǲ˵˷ͷԵĻ
ҿŻϣЩʲôأ
ĿһӣµϣԼ˵ģѪ飬侲ġκ˵
ϹЦһ֪ˣʵֻҪǻϵˣиָǣָܵ˭Ҳ˭Ҳ޾Ƿ仹Ǿ֮𡣡
ǰũ˵ڲΪˣΪ˲ڣڿû˵
ڲΪˣΪ˲ڣ˼飬ȻЦˣǻֻǣˣ֪ѡʲôҡ
磡ڣ޾ϲˣǺͷϸꣻϲˣǿ籩꣡Ҳ˼ػش
ϲЦκ󷽲ֹסЦңԺ˿籩꣬ؾǷڸĹˣ
ǻͷϸʱ˭ڸأҷ
ЦЦ˵ˡ

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ȥ߾˵õ˻ϵҴӻʹֱȥ
¶ʲô𣿡鷿
ôҿżɽ
ڻڴš˵
һҪ㡣˵
֮仹õŰʲôֱ˵ͺˡ˵
ȷҪҰ˵ҡ
֪˵ĺݣҲòĲ֪ڱʹʲô˵㲻֪ҩ̳ºû죬ҼľƺͲҶҲ˪Ҿѣֻ´˿Ѿˡ˵
ڱĹ𣿡Ծҡ
ȻΪΪʲôҪôŹκһҵĻᣬҸǷʤֻҾͺˣƫƫÿζǴߵ֣ô죿Լɹ¼ҹ𣿻ɹߵÿһˣ
취ҲĿǰΨһеİ취Ĳ֪ôˡ˵
þŲסǸСԺ棬ŷÿյʳֻͨϵСͣҲЯκιصĶΪٴǮͨˡΪʲô⣬뾴ɫһƵϸȥ
ҪԶؽһСУҪԶ޷ǸСԺһҪԶ޷һߵκ
ԴӦ𣿡ʵ
ҴӦ㡣ĻһϾǾˣӦҲûа취
£ĹƣǲǣĺСԺ
ŴݺңҲôһжҵģ˵
Ƕã㱾Ͳó֣㱾ǸôڵˣЪ˹غ
û˼ҵ๫Ϊʲôǲôڵأôڵ㡪˵
£㲻Ҫ⣬㵹ùʱ򣡡ҧгݵ˵
ˣһֱ㣡ĳҲ㣡һֱңݺҵ˻㣡Ŵƣһһһ·һֱڿƣԣѾ޿̣޿ˣԣһУҵģȡ˵
Ҳûеõ磬𣿡Цˡ
Ҳ㣬Ҳĳһ˵ĳ谮ƾһ㣬ⱲӶң㲻Ǹ˶˿ѣңǲͲң䳰ȷ
㣬⣡ҲŹģ߳ŭ޺޵˵
ҷȰñٶͷ򣬱һЧɵݷˣ˵
㣡ңֵָңû˵
ñô˵Ϊһ治ҿ϶Լ᲻ôҪҲôùܺͷֽţҲȥЩĶв˵
ҴԼסСԺΪ㣬ס꣬Ҳֵ㳢ζˣ
£⣡Ҹ㣬ҳȥʱһ㲻úҧгݵ˵
ҺܻǷһ죬ңһ죬Ҳ£Ҹ㣬ռϷӽˣңǾԲκηĻģЦ˵
߳Ժ˵
ǷҳȥҳȥĺżҶ
£ҲŹģͣغԴˣȴֻһЦŹңб´˵ɡ
ԺҪˡҶԾ˵
ӦõģǰЩҲСģҲô鷳Ǹ˵
Ҫȥơҿ˿˵
׼𣿡ңƷıĴ棬ȥ̽
ǻȥģ˵ЩҪˣҹȥ˵
㲻ȥҡ
ҵһЦǶԹи˽ʱô˵Ҳҵɣǰܸȥġ
Ҫȥ𣿡ҡ
ҡҡͷ֮ĶԹҿԼ˽˰ɣ
ϴ̽ľ飬һ·޹˿űӣζҾθ
ˣˣͷҴͷһηǰͣ
ÿˣסΪҴηŵͷҾ濴ˡ
ҲװʲôТ˳ŮǻҸƣ˵ǳ˻İˣ˵ǸŮǿ
˭һϵη谵˵˭˵Ҹˡ
¡ҵش
û뵽ңǲҵʱˣǸϵԴ̵ʵͬʱһ˳ηſڡ
Ż谵⣬ҿǸˣ뷢԰ףͷңڣ棬ǰ࣬Ȼ䵽㾳أһʱҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
أôûķˡҲ˹ûпʧҡ
ڸһǺúܶ࣬ԴʳǣסĵطȻªź򣬻иСԺӣֱǼˡҲ޼˵
㺦𣿡ҡ
ܡش
¶޵𣿡ƺȻҡ
֪ҸͲ֪ζʲôôĹ𣿰չ˹𣿡طƣҲ㵱ʵûо񡣡
޲ǵĸĸѵҵ
ǸﳤҰ֣֪ҳ˵
¶֪ңҲûаҵ˵
ӣڹˣ̰ͼŮôн³ЦҪҰѲ㵱ԼûоΣ



ﳤһģһƢȴر𡣡ƺȻ̾˿˵
㵱ȻϣҸһǸŮˣſԲˡҲ޷̵˵
֪ҶԲǣȷʵԩġ˵
ԩԩӦȥ˵ŸңҲм˵
֪㲻ңҸ㣬ҳ̰ƣҲѬĵؽ˺ƹǮƣҾһٸӣҲͨ˼ð̿д̻ϰЩ˵
˼˵ˣҲЦ
¶˵ģƼҲţæͣҳǸϲ׷СˣǣΪǸϲ׷СˣҲŸӲȥô޴飡Ŀɽô޴ȥĴأ
ҲЩסˣĻ޵ȷʵûκȥ޴ľٶ
Ǳҵģ¶ҪңƼе˵Ȼ󿴿ܣܹҵֻһǣ˵ˣ̯ƣۻ಻ʳָдһ֡
ֻһͷ𣬰زȴûиҴϢĻᣬ˵˸𾪵һ仰һ˾ǣû˵̧ͷ档
ҲַסǽΪʲôҪЩ飿Ϊʲôѵ֪֪ЩܶҶζʲô
ΪʲôЩҶ˶ʵ
Ҳܾԩȥ٣Ҫһ֪׵ģ˵
㲻֪Щܻ֪ǵʲôѣ˵
£ֵܹסЩѡ˵
ҲЦңƾʲôң֮£㲻ǸӦǸΪϳ𣿱ڲôϾǻϵĳһҹްն˵ϻ飬ΪǷأҲ޷̵˵
ƾܵңƾ˿̵ɫҾ֪϶úãʵ˵ıԣŵ˵
Ҳò˵ڹٳϽʮƣȷʵĹ֮Ȼҵһ˿ѵһжǸ˿԰ŵģҪȻΪʲôҪҵأ
ҵͷһҵĲ²ǶԵģôǴ˿̵̸ǶĶˣ뵽ҼЩվȡ
¶ס˵ĻһҪŵ˵
û˵ǿһۣǴ˿̵ĻѾǸ˵Ķȴҵģп֣֮Ҹô죿
ЩңΪ֤ʵףΪ֮ǰ汳İɣҺȻƣ˵
¶ôôΪƳԾؿҡ
Ҫ㣬ͲֵΣҳڣңЩԵҵ飿ҸһûΪԼȨƶҵҸҼ޸ٵΪ檣͸¶Էĵͼɥˣһһ׮׮ļֵ㣿ҷ
Ȼ˵ûʹ㣬֪ĸӲ޸ǴڵӿӦûǹúܲģӲ޸˾ͲΪҲͲϽôˣƺ޳ܵΪԼ
ҲЦãҲֹסЦƣͣҽڼʶʲôк޳ܣ˵ҷȥ
¶ƵĺȴͷҲصľֱȥ
һֱȵ˽ӣҲס죬ؿ˼Ҷ˵֮Ҳƣ֪˿̻˵飡ұΪٿԿЩҵκͻģû뵽û뵽ֱ˿̣˵ز֪ڸģ˵ر飿˵ʲôҶ˵ʲô
Ҳؿ˽ϣֻû˵
Ժȴƶ˵ˣﲻһ⣬Խû䣬亹ֹסð
˵ˣͣη˵
Ҵƿ˳ȥȴֻͷؽᣬðǣһȣˤڵء
ˣû°ɣηϽסҡ
û¡ҷŽվãͷȥš
η߹ȥţţңϽ
λɫãָȥΣȾηĵѵ
ȥѷһص˵
𲻶͸˹ҰôôĵطȥȸңȷЩҩԤġ𱸵˵
ҼҷѵԾʵ
˵ͷȸ㿪ЩҩڷٿЩõҩԡӦûд󰭡
鷳ˡ˵ֻͷʹѣ֫˵ܡ
磬ҾͿʼ˸գԺģʲô㱼䣬ֻ˸ιҩ
ˣˣ۾˵غ
¶ˣҲˡ
ûˡҿǣ飬˵
Ӵǲ֪㶼ԺСˣǰǸ˸˵
ʱˣԴ˻Ƶ˵
ȵˮϽҸݸһˮ
ҽ˹ȥȪغ
ȣˮǣ𿴼ҺȵüϽ˵
õڣʮգΪ㰾ȥء˵
ڲû𣿡ҿο
ǰǾ˵öԣèоô򶼴Ц˵
ˣô˵Ծʵ
ÿ춼ÿζܳʱ䣬ҲǸողߣ˵ҪҪȥ
ˣûʲô飬ͲҪȥ鷳ˡ˵ȴǣԹңȴܣȻ˵Ļһ䣬ɫҲЩˡ
Ӳ𣿡𿴼ɫãʵ
Щˡдǵ
Ǿ͸ϽϢɡ˻ȥ
ղ˵Сˣ
ɲʮˡЦ˵
Ѿ˰ɣȻðЦݶʱסˣ˵
ǰе̡ΣС˵
Ҳ˵ˣѾˣƺǰһˣҲƺ֪˵ǸܵΨһһˣܣ׻ʲôأ



ҵļ£ȥϢȥˡִҪңҾʱûûҹźңʵ̫࣬ҵҲöˣȻǾúƣѣҲˡֲңֻûȥЪϢˡ
ԹҩҲ˯ˣֻʣһˣڴϣҲʼ
л㱼䣬һӰҴǰ͵һˣȴס͡
ңҶߵ˵
ôˣǻˣҵ˵
ﴵԻ㣬˯ôʵءЦ˵
Ҳһۣô󽫾ôҲĵˣ
Ϊ˼㣿Цˣƫƫ㻹顣
ҲЦˣҪѵ־ϻҪҲ۰
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ǿˡЦ˵ҵ˵̫ӵϻǼҵѪҺǸо̵ˣҪǻˣ˵һҵĴˣЩ˼ҵĺҲδܳԵݿࡣǽ˵
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ңȻΪǻеǣҲΪ˻֮ĸ飬һǹģ
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˼ǰҾ뿪ǣԶ硣ĿǰΨһеİ취ˡ
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ǣ֮䵽ԵԵ˵ԵΪνƫ˵ԵΪ黯
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뿪ǣҿʼеӣ߾ߣϲĸطסЩʱաȻǻϵߣչȴķǳϸ¡ԣһ·ϵʳӶʮʣ˿ûĲ㡣
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һ·ɽˮУʮ泩ɫҲɴ󲡳Ĳ԰ף˰͸졣
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⽭ϵķ羰ϴδҴҶҴҶȥûϸϸϸƷζ֪е޹ֺϵŮɽˮءվڴͷϣ羰̾
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λ֪ϼҲ԰Ѿҵ˴ɽˣôЩССĲ̷ĸ˼̸
Ŷʲôɽ˸æʵ
һɽŮ֪¿״ԪĿ뵱꣬ĿΪϼС㣬ؾܾ˸ʫĻأ
ŶΧһƬȻ
ڶɽأԼʵ
ڶɽǽѲТɽŮǵϸǰҲǶӵĸ
ŶʱΧһƬȻ
ֲүǿӲһ˻Ȼ˵
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Щû˵̯ôһĿԺ;չȷʵӰĶ࣬ҪǣǸүȻҹܡŶ꽥ǸϵıĵֻҲԽԽࡣ鱦ĸҹһĿأֻվ˭һأѡ̫ӣǸԼ˽õĶӣ
Ŀѡ˸̫ӵĻǸϰʱԴָܷԴ
ѡ˸ӣôҪ˻еϰǵʱ򣬻ָδأ
ֻǣѵҪǸŮصҸƵĸﲻңүҪԶҸƵࡣĿƴܻľٶҲǸ֮ˣôĿүڲ𣿸һ˵ܹ
ܹð졣ܣҵﲻһָأ
˼ǰҾȥݻһүϣԵϾҽϵĿȥģҴ˼̫ӽܸĿôϻͲᶯ˼
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ϰˡЦ˵
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˹ǫˣ˭֪ҳһλµŮӰòΪЧͣǲңϰ˵
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ͷ˵µļˣлˡô˵ˣŽӹСϴη͵ĺƤĸʮϲһֱҪллء֮ǰ̫̫ٳҾͰһƤ͸̫̫
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ҿЩżϽЦˣҲǸ˼ҸѾ˵ˣڣ˴˻ѣԣҲӦõġ
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Ϊ׹ݣӦΪշǣĶ¶ΪշĵҲֺֺЦصһۡ
⻰ɾʹˣеһǮѵӢۺȻǸүֻϵķ⣬ӲŰˣƷˣӶ⡣ҵˮ
ҪЧʮǮ˵ˣֻֻʣǽˡûһһһɣԼûǮ˭ܲסôЩǮ
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ǰʱĸ縮Щ檲Ƕʰ÷𣿡ĻһҸɫЩΣ뵱գҲϧʸĶɢЩ檣ڶ6667£ֻΪһһһ˫ˣһһһ˫˵Ŀûʵ֣ԼȻҲЩ檵ĺ󳾣뿪˾
֪Щ뿪ϢǲǹЦȻݺݵһ䱨Ӧ

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صعлл˵ġҾ.
лңҪллĸɣҿûĸӴ󣡡û˵
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֪ͲҪЩҰں𣿡Ұһۣڿ֪㸮ΪʲôǸ޵׶ˣôЩǮ㣬¥𱶼ˣ˵ǳ͢Щٺ»Ǹ۱裬ҿҲǰ״
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֪Ǹڵô𣿡ʵվ̫õȥҸ֮һɣԣʵڲ̫ÿֵģ϶֪ЩϢ



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㶣һҲǣӣοܱһСԺ̾ƻ㾡ȴһա
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ϰû˵ǶؿҰ죬ȻЦˣϧ㲻жȻ޵һ㣡

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ԷѾһûȥҵˡǣڶһ磬Է
ϻƣþò𣿡ߵǰ棬ȥĲӣȴطԱ߾ȻֻСԣ
㵱ˣϲ㰡ЦŴӺɰͳιСԣιСԾȻҲ󵨵ͷҵ֡
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·ˣ֪ΪʲôܾɫЩԣΪԷԱߵԵʰɡ
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Ϻ޺޵ؿҰ죬һקסҵ֣ǻϣôô˵סˣҪ㣬Ҳû˸˵֣



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ҵĸˣǣΪ˸ϲףڣԴˣ˵Щʲôָ˵Щʲôأ



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Ȼˣ۾ҲʼˣҵƵġŴζίΣ̫ӳȥԶΣڻеĵλ֣͸˵ˣȻεĺܺãϸܷЩ˿ġϽңѾͷҸڻ߼ʮˣƢ֪һģǵֻǸʵۣǸԣǱ뵱ȻΪΪŮ˽˴¡ǣû뵽ǣǵҲǸˣûĸ˻̱˸ԼŮ˵ģο˻Լĳӣ˵ϽЩҸϽ˱ˮָıãŻ
룬Ϊһ֮ۿԼϲŮ˸Լĳӡܲѻ֮£ڻͷһ̣ӲϻţϾǸʱˣԽԽһ죬ϵ˱Իѹ֮ǣʱ򣬻Ͽ϶ҪγԼͷ̣ʱ̾ͻһǺңйصˣ̫ӣʱ򣬵ȴҺ̫ӵģһ֣֮
ϽĻҵԽԽһڼȻû뵽Щ

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ҲȥϵˮϽ˵ˣҸԵ޷֣Ҳ˵ġǰ²£֪ǳϽˣˡ
ǸĺӣϷûôϱϽ˵ֿҸϽ۱
¾ͲˣϽ밲ʱٹҼϽɫЩƣˣˡ
Ѿͷסûܣرǻߵ۾Ͷ䣬ʤԣǵ£϶˼û֪вϲˣԣѾͷҪСİϽ˵
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ӻ֣ȥɣпնͷ˵˵ѵƢѾͷ
Ҹһӣ̱Ҹôô棿ϽһУ˿̵ǣôԶǰϷƢϽٱǰѣ˼޵ĵ⣬ҵԽؾţǸǷ֮أϺһǷǵĸԴұԶһУпԼôĶ֪
֪ްԧˣҸսݣ⣬ŵҲûнг
棬ôҲһؿڣû˵
еƽ£ҹ¹ţ·ƽʱû£ҪȻҲظųϿҵĴϣеž飬ңζ˵
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ⲡˣȻҲˡϷе飬ӴЦߵҸǰ˵
ʵڵݣ޵㲡еĳһζϺζش˵
ϵĹжǳŮӵŻϵءû˵Ȼ˵εȷǻֲɢҸǣûǵϲңô֦
˵Ҳ֣˹еĻ̣żôͷȻҲʮֿɰȤ˵Ц
ҲҧҧϺ꣬Ȼ˵Ǵͷһٵϲôͷܻڵ⸱ģ
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ҲûзӦЩԣ
̾˿⼸Ҳˬ°ѲϽˣûȥҿϽ㵹ϲýû£ͶȥϽɡ
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ҿʣΣϣеǳʲôʲôλϻΪѵس˰ɡ
ϺüͷȳҩܵسǼΡ
ϣվԺ̧ͷϵһ£ȻʫϣӦ޺³Բע͸޺ްɣ

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䲻ض񣬰ݣҵأ˶񡣡Це˵
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ϰҪ˼룬ϰȻƽ߹أָ޵ǻ𢣬޻Ҫϰأϰǡϰο㿴Ϊϰ䰲޻صذ·˸ˡ
ǣϽɻؿҡ
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л¹һϳм㡣Ͻ֪ܲϵ⣬Ͻл
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亮ѹϽȻɫؿŻϣ£ϳ֪ӣм仰ں²졣
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̸ЦģҵﲻĽǵĸ

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常常Ϊˣ常δй˿ԹҸ֮䣬ԭԵ޷ֵĿۼˡ˵
常֪ڿο常˵Ҳ֣常ŮȴƢ±ӣǾŮɣ常ⱲӿǷģֲ㣡
ᣬصصͷ
Ԫʮ£̫Ӵ£սԶϽȻţϴ󱯣Թ֮ϽֺҸ󽫾ʥΪϽ飬ٹ



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ã֮ǰ˵ˣԺլӵˡϽĺº޾˵
ҡҡͷ޵ܣôҪϽլءңһˣҲסôլӣһҵСԺס
£ǵյķԸͽܰɡҲȰҡ
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