TXT̳www.txtbbs.comӭTXTBBSƼ飡

ɪ
ߣɰķ˿
İ
 
޷ݣʧһʿĹӣΪݺƽƵǰ;һü
Ӵ˳޲ģʹҪصȥЩ屧𡣺Ȩİݻصʼĸ֮á
Ľϻĵһ㿿࣬ǰҵ±һƿ
һµ˵ѪĽ£¶һĺĻԪס
ɪʫﶼεׯ֪ǱԻ󣬻Ϊǲ
ݱǩ͢

ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  

 1 

ҽΪʱӸոƽԾ˸֡
ǳľ֪Ϊʲôݡ
ΪʲôôģֳͥԺˣʱҼҵͥԺܴйĵһ
ô֪ҵֳƽǸӵкڵƤͷйľʲôʱأǾܴˣ
һܺ£ϧǲ֪ʲôʱҲһԾ𣬿أ
ұŲӢͷ׵ͥԺ﷢ǸʱҲ֪ʱǿħձ׷οңһССĺӣ
Լһû⵽ʱѾһꡣ
ʮң·ϼ˲Ŀӣ¼
Ҳڿҵʱ¶ѵһЦݣ벻٣
ãϵܹΪǣǿԵģ
úӣվʹȥƽϲ㣬Ϊıһٰ
ЦЦĬƾƳǸڵĻӣҪεͷûйǲеġ
ʱ¶أԲ¸֪жѧӻΪǰ;ͷ뵽̾˿
Щ飬ûа취ģ㲻̤ű˵ļȥͻ̤ļȥ
˼죬ʰãȥ˹
̫ܴ󣬼ʹǴӾ׸˰ղŵ
·ϾƽĹڴҡУǵͷϲŷͷΣҲѧŲ˹Ǳߵ˻˻ƣԱΧ۵˲ڿԽ࣬ǵͻԽá
ҿЩڵŮˣЦҡҡͷ
׿ҵı飬ƺܲ⣬̽ѯ۹⿴ҡ
ף̲ǰµĻͷϣģ
ոҲѧһ˵ĻҲԣû˵ʲô
ĻҲлĪҪ
֪ˣҵͷӦڳװһݡ
òӮȡһУŮ˵ֶΣжˣ
ʱ仨ͷף綬յİѩȴ껨ƣ˲ͬ

 2 

տɭҺ͸ڿãûм˳ͨۼˮһһ룬̫Ѿ¶ơ
ѡĻôܲ빫ۣΪҪôã
ЦһЦʵҲûдʲôֻҵһСʫҵ֡
̻תĶˣ֪Լͷֵӵġ
빫Ƽ̫˰ɣٵһȣ
ҵĻû䣬̫º乫ڣ
Ƿɫɴʣɴһ῿һ˶ˣ΢ƫƷ˿кĲϡ
¼
£ҹͷ̧
ˣЦһƺЩмҪһʲôӣ
û˵۾̧ͷϻƺڵƿҵƤ
˰Σû˵ãһ̾ϢȻ
һֽŵô۾Ǻ±𣿡
ɫ㣬ô£ֻǡ
ֻʲô
ֻ¾˹˵Ż۾˶˵ҵ۾úҲ֪Լ˫Ŀжɱģһ˫۾ֳƽ˵ҵ۾ʱǰıʵ˲䡣
ӢĹ󣬺Ͳһ˿ʵĴ
ǰĹΪˣʱ˫Ŀһ˼ңڲ䱻ŵС
ܺãܺãһָӺݵ̬Ȼ鴫˵ָһźūΪҰһӣʾ£Ȼ˵֪ɹĵط
ָ֪㣡ⲻǴ˵𣿳һһʲôŵ㣿
۾ƺڿһȤƷһϸĿңҹΪȻҲܶ࣬ģҲ˵ҡͷЦֻǿϧǣЩûһһˣ𣿡
Ҳڿ佱ңұһˣȻлᣬһˣôݷȡ
۾кܼᶨ־ԼǻۣΪѵõǣЦһûʵ񣬲òл
ҸոҪſ˵ȴһɣҲÿˣ
б
Ļ䣬ʹ޻滺߳һССǸŮ糺죬һ˫ԲԲ۾ҡ
ҵþƽ˵ǸŮߵҵǰӨô˵ˣҪӵ𣿲ȻҲõôˣ
ҴʱԼǰĵȴǺԵʡ
ǸŮΪϲཱུԲԲ۾̲סҲȥȥ֣ȴֻ˵һ䣺
ȴ΢΢סҵ䣬Ϊ˼ĵ硫
һУжʱӿһůһ˲䣬뱣ССŮһһ
ѵӨϲ㣡ƽƺʲôͷɨһ۵ϧûйλȻӨһԶ
˵գһӻֵȻȥĲμӿƾ٣аţ
ˬʱҽӵ˹ţŵɵµҲԱɣһƷС١
Ҳ˷ݣÿӭҪżģЩ˿Ҫ
Ժ󣬹ڸ˵ȴ񲿿ʼɣӨĹϵĵְҲ٣
ţ
ͻȻǵһۣƺʲôҪ˵ȴʼû˵ڡ
ѩƮƮѾǶˣ죬ҾѾʮˡ
ʮҵǰһõǰ;ɵĵδķÿһֶ
ǹҵ۾ΪҪ綬յһأ

 3 

Ҫȥ죬׼ûУҵҵһѣҲԱɵΪΪ񲿵ˣȻҲһӡ
׼ˣ˵ָŴһˣ򣬹Ʒ٣
ҺýţΪ˵Լ°ڣȻҪߴô죿
˵ģҲеţǻɫԺ󣬿ӣ°ڣǵͷŮһķʽ˳մ¡
ӣҪڼ̳ǰƷһǧϮʽѡ
ҡҡλεĵ֪˶ǲŵ̳žжӽǿĹ㳡
ǺΰĽڴʱٹٺлҵˣӣ̳ǰ㣬ǹÿ֦а˸ߣСһĴ֡
õİƮɢɽ֮䣬һ˲䣬ͻȻĪļĳ棬ǿ˭ܲΪڴʱйƵأ
ⰲƻֺУƺһңȻģģſ䣬ϵЦŷżƷ̣һݣٰݣֱ̳֮ϣӽĵط
ɽ紵ҵ´䣣ʵշͷ죬ºһҸʱ̣޿Ľ㣬˵
磬磬Ưأ
𣿡ʱҵǰֻʮ꣬ȴһӴķ٣ѹСĲӼ첻Ҽæڻ԰ϡ
ǰǰЦţռ˶ٱˣǻм۾תˣһе˶ǵͷˣ
ô˿Ұװܲ⣬֪
ʵʵнҲͺ͸˵㣬Ѿ׼ǵĻ£ǾͲ˵ʲô
ӨЦһͷ´μҲҪķˣ̫ˣ
ֻԼÿһЩʼƺҪγѪ
ÿͷģһıӣҲϲ
ȢҰɣ磿˵ſҵֱϣСĹǸλ̫Զˣ㲻ȢңҾҪʼ޵ˣ
ҿʮ꣬ѾǣҲѹæС֣οӨңʮܹ꣬˵ʱһõӺȢģ
ӨҵĻЦˣаЦݣһӨ
仨Ʈǵϣһһ죬ʱΪҵһͻƽϲֵĶɹСĹԼϲŮˣƽӡ
һеһУǴμԺˡ
ƺķ绹ûй꣬һƬʵеʱһ׮µ齵ٵǼҡ
񲿵ǼǹʹƷͻȻտķȽյľűƿˣҵͬΪͷЩɢңȫûƽεӡ
ߣߣסҵ֣ϵȥ
ΪΪôǣеıմŨŨī֭˵ϣڰɫ½ϻɫĲۼ
Ϊǰյ飬ְˣ
ǰмڳ񣬿ǾǾ²ְҲþųɣ
Ӱɣǳְǻ˵ָʹĿҪ񰲣ƻ죬˾ٷᵳӪ˽Σ
ȻأҵͻȻһⲻģڼĵھ׸µĸ绹һﲶȥץˡ
˵̲˴ʮӣ̣
أľȻʣġ
Ů죬̷ΪټˣΪ˵ụ́ܲᡣ
΢Ļҵġ
ľȻǰţΪһסңʲôȥ
ؼңȥǸǣһŸľ׸
ȥĻæȰңϿ죬Ҹطһ㣬ȻСһ£ϣЩء
ЦΪΪĺˣѵʱСʲôԹ黢׵˵ɱɱοûȢŵģ϶û׿ϵĻ̲ôо
ǲǷˣΪƴҡҵļ
һˣڴͷʱˣȴҪ굽Ů˵ȹӵ£ǲҪһˣ
ãããΪʱһ˦ңߣ㽾͵ǸСˣĶ¼⣬벻ӵĶ˵ˣۿģƺˮҪ
ڱʯϣֻȫҪҶȥıӰֻޱȵѹ
Ϊֺγ֪ĺ⣿ֺγ飿ǾӲΣǽ֮£õѣô㣿
ʱңԽ˭þԽҪ仮ߡ
Ϊ㶮

 4 

ǻûһصңѾ̲ڰ·ϰҽ
ңҲܵģĮƿ˼֣ȴǱ˰˵ϡ
ûʱĹӸڼӣֻҪշҪ󡣡
ǵְҵͷεİڵϣֱۺʹԲ˼ĽǶȷڱ
ӺĦƺѪ
ⶼûʲôƴĽеһؼңؼңֻһ۾ͺã
ԱΧ۵˺ܶ࣬ҵȴöҵӰҵķȥΪʲôô
Щߴ¥̨ǹؾصĽַסҵߡ
ʲôﻹļѾµĸˣ
ͻȻƮһĮҵһӾˣˣûʲôҵġ
ҵļңǾ׸棬ǸԺѡ
ǳľ׸ֺγҳ¼ҵģ
ۣãҲľұ˻Ѻ˷˵·ͷɢѺ˴Ρ
η䣬Ҳ࣬Щûʲô
ΨһҵԼʵǣҵļˣҵĸףҵĸףֳ
ûǴμͺˣûʹþͺˡ
ҾͲżնûлؼңʱ̶ء
𣿡ڵηͻȻһ˵Сģܻ
ƽ𣿡
ң㲻Ҫ£׺ҹһ𣡡
ϤΧĿůںڰе˵ͷãҾͷˣף𣿡
еգûʲô󰭣
ĸ׺أǣôҼʳ仰
ǡܺãн̷˴ˣ
ҵıһᣬͻȻޣʮû޹ǣôܻܺã
㲻ҪޣƽοңϾһһжõģ
˻ƶЩȴһҵںڰ·ƾɶĴСĵĿһҹ
ҷһ˿
ʮգ侸ңȴû˵ģСĹⱾһλá
ҲΪңøӵľ
һ˲ܱԼϲŮˣҲ˺
ңһ㣬һȥ㣬磬һҪҰ
ƽôôԼСһ·
ηǽһߵĲҵ죬Цһ£ԷˣӨ˺
һ죬еŽͷ˳ھΥ£ԶԶĿƽǼݵòĸס
ƽҵķȻҵĺסӢĿȻᶨº͡
ڼĹ㳡ϼϣͳһѺܶߡ
ֻܴӹ⻯ŵı˳ȥһӱ
һ·ûͣЪչȥѾԶԶ׵
ǻֺĳУҫ۵ķҸеޱȽأҲˡ
ҵʱųҵˡ
·Ӻܼ࣬Ǹµ黹ں档
ո뿪˳ûмգ׾ΪˣҺƽı·ǵı˥
ƽҲˣ׵ȥĿɢĶ˵㣬ǻᣬһҪٻصָֻңԶĶǣȻѾȴָһ׼ȷָ򳤰ڡ
һҪͦȥһһжõģ
ͻȻЦЦݰĹ죬ܳܳ˵仰۾ľͻȻһ˲ȴͷһߣûļ
Һƽ˸طѸˣ֪ΪʲôһеʱǶ侲
ССķͷįûĹ
ʱǣжȼһһǻյ˱ʹ֣࣬ޡ
һҪٻصʲôһҪҵǸݺǵ˱𣡡ƽ˵ʱ۾Ѫޣ˿µĺɫ
Ҽᶨĵ˵ͷ˷紵ȴûĸо

 5 

һ·ͣһ˷ʱ򵽴˰
ʱ˷Ѿէ᳤ֱǵ½УϽ¡
⼸ˣ㿳ľͷǱ߿ɽĲˣ๤Ǹ¼ʿƤв˷
ҺƽųصĽɽȥԱߵļǲ֪ʱŹģʱѾصݲеòݹᾡ
µǵ۾ȫû˸еĶȰĹâ
ƽһҪ취߳ȥʯҽʹ뾡ط
ãʲô÷ӣƽ˵סҵ֣İһ£һܳ嶯Ҫɹ
۾ҵķ貵Ĺ⻪İĺҲ
һκűķЦˡ
һƽҵĸ磬׸ĵһץ֣ⱱĸɽôס
վػǺܽܵģһֱ죬Ҳûҵһȫʵʱ
ʱ˺ͣÿǲôһ㣬ǲȥðա
ı䣬ιǵĵ԰һƬһƬ
ѩҲþˣһѩҹͨʹ򲻿ˣΪһҹĻѩѾȫס
ʱҲˣֻõʱŻᱻȥŹ󲿷ʱ䶼ǴŽʹɽľС
뿴صĹٱһǽ֮
ô죿ƽѵҪһֱȵȥ
ߣڰͻȻһ˻Ƶɤвһųһ亹һ¶ô죿
ٺٺ٣û˲ӣǸѾӰͨ˹ĹâѩӳƵϣǸˡ
ƽץסҵָ֣׿۵ҵ֪ڿҪҪ͵̸ˡ
ʵҵ˼Ҳһ
ܲģǸڱǽϣ۾Цʮǰᵽģʮûһܹߣ
˵ͷһۣ֪Ϊʲôëδȫȸ
û˵ƽҲûУ֪ǵ۹ж͸ʡ
ĵ˲ǿصʿҲЩڸѲ߿ɽľӣ˵žĿһۣݹ᾵ָ֣֦ɵĴ⡣
һƬžʲôûУһƬưĺڰӰռ˴졣
ɽڵɽĻͻȻһ⽥
ɽڨЦô޷ȻʱѩɽĴûһ˿ȥһ֡ʱֲľ賤붾ߣ˭лȥأɽµĴ󽭣겻Ҫ̤ȥܣ
ƽҵֽɿˣ֪Ҳڿ£һ¿ˮǴأ
Īû죬ƺһΪĵ£ȻЦ
ҺƽһۣǸҲ˵ˣżҪǽڣƺ˯ȥ
޷ӳȥѵ쾹Ҫ
Ǵڵɽޣѹͷ
һҪһԣڶպ÷磬ѩر䣬һƱƽһСĵżƻ
ãҵ˵ͷȻ˷ûдҲԴУǴӽ쿪ʼҪһЩʳˣ
ƽҵĻش۾ų֪ͬһգƺõ֪һο
ǰڰ׳ɽӣͻȻЦɺХҵķ˿ǶڴʱҶûʲô
䣬ѩ磬ɣ
ҳһսʲô
ڣսɣ

 6 

ƽ֪͵һƬƬǾڿزעʱÿǱƬĥŽͺ͡
첻ˣڣǴֺڵѾһ˿ѷ졣
ʹӲƽһȻһĿӡ
ˣЦһ£أʳصȥˣ
˼ǺţöͷͲỵ
ɵúãƽЦҵԴҸߣ
ХҰ޵˻СڽҹҵĶĸɵѾҵġ
ƶƶյϣĽлվߵһʿҵֳЩܹܲȥһ
ôˣǸʿαȽ˯lûз׳һ
ովͶʹͲʡˣǱߣҾװñһЩƽڲԶһƬţǱ߲ݶһЩˣ
ôôԶȻɵðȥǸʿٰ㲻Ը˹ȥСĿ˿ڵϵƽ
ƽͷϣüëѾȫѩ׵һƬҲµɫ
⣬ǣƶһǲˣ
û꣬ϵ;Ѿ˲Ĳĺ˺䡣
ϼӾǱǶĲӣǷֵҲ̱
ˣƽһԾһѾжĸֵȥ
ûУιȥˣ˵ʹϵͽͣЩԼ֮õķӵԶԶġ
ҵּüʹ֪Ϊ˷ܻǿ־壬һͷȴƽĿ⣬Ķջ񣡡
һɽȣ
ҺƽһЦæϵѩǸʿ
Զ֪һΪĵĳ
æµӰת۾ʧһƬɫĲãУûܹ뵽⺮ŰĶ죬˸ͶһɽĻ
ҹƽһ̽õɽ£һѲ𣬿ʼɵĵһҹ
ǻůҲǵӰ޵ķŴ᾵ʯϡ
ƽ˵Űɽ˺飬ͷڵȥ֪ôˣ
ʿƺɽӵľ̫һЩҲҸͷԣôôи
лҰ޲ƽÿݲ˲ǰĻѣ˯һ°ҹ㣡
ƽ˵ܲٻصŶԲ£С
ģһܵģյƽǷԳһӢ۾жһһǵĳޱһȥ
ϵ̣ǵĳޣ
ֻһֶѪڣ޷ˣնǾǳޣ
£ǲҲһԲ


 7 

ʲôˣʱ˵ľǰһУŭȵ
ǣһгһгƽֵܣǸյĶѾѣϻбճѪۡתڵɫСĵʣô죬ҪҪң
ɽйأɫһͲܽɽӵǶҲ˼ա
ǸУʲôʱ˷ԸҪһԺ취ٴȥ
ѵԼùõֵǨˣ
죬һҪңУͷĻӻ֣ﲻһλר׽˵ģʣ
ǻʿȥһʹһͷݵͷͷĿдųŪƺϵ˽յһ㡣
СȻԼĿҲûЦһ£˿ɫܲһѩ
үүô׽
ôǸˣУššüëڻԱߵͷ
عүұǸˣܵĴˣѧһЩץ˵ı죡˵ָָԼԴΪ뵽ģҲ뵽
ԼΪʲôܣ
ΪôͣҲûͶ˿ңóԺúȣ
ǸУֿ˿ƺĻ˵Ǹôң
иɽûǻҹ
ھȥ
Уүò˵ԽԽͣƺ±һ㣬ϲ˹ɫ
ô˵
үĪ֪ɽһֹޱϻҪ£
Уһݣţûм˵һֳųëģɵĹһ⣬Եʬ޴档
ǣǺʲôϵ
үͷ˫ۣƺʲôֲĶһһɽǹ޵ĳѨ
˯ԺͻȻңҿһ»˯һ̫Ǿͳ
Ҽæ¸ƽϣȥ֦ڻϣͶůĻߣϸעɽĶ
ӵùȥ죬ǲǾˣû˸ɽ֣ǾҲ⡣
ɽ£һٶ˥ߣЩٱΪӷ˵ķġ
գãһֱۣ赲ҵߡ
ɽаȫĻȥǵ֮
ţһȳζҵı
ʲôƺฯõζŸܵ
Ҽæһܣ˯ƽұӳǽԾӰﻹеڶˣ
ǳʵǲģڵɽѵʲôµܣ
һֱ۴ϸ֦һزҵȼԺСĵɽȥ
ɽܴ泤ҺƽֻǳԵĶڡ
ǳԽԽ󣬼ֱѬҪˣڰΪԶ˶ڵĻҲҡ
𣿡Сһ£ȴֻԼĻ
ǰһƬĪĿµڣĿ֦ҵĹʵ̫ޡ
׳ŵӣСĵǰȥ
µĵ濪ʼ⣬ƺҪɽľͷˡ
ͻȻҽһȵʲôһ򼸺˵ϡ
ʲôҼæȥȴɢһЩɫİӣͲƵ߹ǡ
⣿ǶĺǣɽУסʲôµĶ
ͻȻǰһ޴ĺӰƺһ£ͬʱȳζŰӡ
ſ壬ԭԼһԶĵطһ޴ޡ
ǹȳ֮ġ
ʲôôֶ
ҲǻǾ޾Ȼ˸λƵվȻһߡ
ǰ޴ĺӰȻһϢĸоѹȸмֱҪѹҴ
ǹﾫ۾ԾĻ⣬ǰһ԰ɫëΨһһ˿ɫҹµľޡ
һѰеĻͷȱܡ
ƺǧʯ㵹һ㣬ͣķˡˡ
֪׷ңǹȳһֱҵıǶˡ
ɽİ׹ǲͣǰҡΣѵңȻҪΪ¶ĸв
ͻȻһ죬ҼæһԽ˹ȥ
ûһ¹ˣǰһֻݽѸײڶ֮Ƴ˹
һɷ硣
ӣ
Ҽæ۾ֻվҵǰ𱡱ǣҷЦ

 8 

ͻȻǰһӱ˳˳ȥ
Ҽæ۾ƽһ־ŻѣһקҵĲ죬۾Ķǰľޡ
ܣ
ܣҺܾǰ˵ʱֻǿʵû뵽һֿµĶ
ܣƽ˵ҿʼɱ
ֻĽŵأ󷢷һ׷
Ҫˣƽ˵ʹһѣߣ
һʹҵӾƮƮķ˳ȥһ̤ѩأҼæȴƽŵǾ޴ޡ
ƽҪ
߰ɣƽһۣİԹһһ̣
УҪȥͻȻһ֦ỨȴҵĶʣһ¾䵽Ǿܵϡ
ǾܳʹſѪڿʼ
ҼæͷһȴڲԶһɹٱڴ
ʱոЩѩԾףͻȻı䡣
ǣôô׷˹
ǰоܣ׷ѳ׽֮ƣ
ǵǺõÿԡ
żһ£һҵķֱ꣬ܵķȥˡ
УƽƽҲᱻ
ǸСһЩ׽ģĶҪܣһƺӺңԶĵطƮ˹ֻƽһ㴩ڼУѾ쿿ڡ
˭˵Ѿݲеͷ棬˭ǵң
Ǿ޴ĺȴûƽôˣ˼Ӽԡ
һһƵ˳ȥ
Ѿܵڵƽһ˵޴ƣƽͷ­;һ
ƽ
ߣƽֵһ ǵ滮ƣһʱѪɣ
ǾֿʼϵĻѩ¡ĹٱҲ⶯ҰŵĿɿڴľżһ㱻ѪȵĻɵˡ
һƣƽĵҲ˳ȥ
ƽҵĸ磡üۣˬʵЦѾӡһӡҵѪҺ
ҵҲǽҵ
ƽҿų˹ȥһԾһ̤ǾܵļϣһѾ˫˶ѩڻγɵľ޴ıϡ
˶Ϊҵľٶôˣ¾ֻܵͷ­ɺĴ쳯ҲͣŲӣƺһȤ
£˫˫ʹֻûбӨĴʼһ˿ɶ
ͬʱѾſ죬ҵ·
ҵȵľʱ̣Цһ£ʹȫһġ
̱м׷ɣһ˶ߵľӨķıǣһ¾ʹȥ
ֻһȳȵѪһ¾ͽҵ
ҼæſˤڵϣǰǾ޴ıѾᴩǾܵڲͣŴɺѪҺĶĴɽ
ڰѩϣһ޶µĺ컨
ߣƽ֪ʱѾӾƺˣһȳһյĴҴɽıԵߡ
Ǹոûмۼʿǵʧ١
ˣˣ
ƽĺڿݲϣԽһò
ֽŲõıŴִ֦ӸµѰǵĹٱ
Щٱһſһڵͷ档
Ǹ˵죬һķˡ
ֻһֻȮϸļſݲݺѩأͻȻͷǲĴ
ã
Һ찵һȴĿǳʵĽѾ׼ȷҵǵڡ

 9 

ߣƽͺһҼԽǿʼƴɽȥ
֪˶ãҵѾЩ㣬Щ׷һôҲ˦
üưǣǻûȴһֱ֡
ÿζǸµˣèһ㣬ܵ׷ĺۼ
Ǹͷ̫ˣ
ߵʱ򣡡
ƽŴοңǻûߣǾѾ̤˾·
ǰһ£Ǵ˵겻ĴӣˮڣһľˣвҪɹˡ
ô죿̧ƽѵҪǣ
ƽȴվڶңҵͷЦ˵֪ҴСһֱܱ㣬ôƯôһֵҲ֪ˣ
ƽΪʲôô˵Ҿֵץס֣ͻȻôңԶ
һҪصȥҵݺǵˣ𣡡
һȥ½ǣͻȻԼҪʧȥˡ
˵ƽ˵ŷſңȻߵһʯȥʯͷˮУ޴ŲԶЩٱźߣǱߣȥһ
ضƽ˵һѰƵïܵĴУû
˵ţȥ紵´Ʈ˿ҡ
Цҵעʧ
һļӰģ磬ѩɡ
ƽҵֳҲվҵǰˡ
òŴˮɥһײҵ顣
ҵͻȻľʲôоҲûУʲôҲˣ㱼ҵǰ˹ȥӵӰģӰƺ˵˺ܶ໰
ˣ
ǵģҿǸӵСԼȥģ
ǵļô𣿺úõˣҪǶ
ȥͷһ°ɣ
֪˶ãΧָֻƽһûҡ
֪ʱɫѾȫڣֽŶľҴ˳
ߵǸƽȥĵط֪ΪʲôûпޡʲôʱʼѾأ
űһƾɵĲƬƺƽʯͷʱС˺ġ
ҵֳƽǸ۾ˬЦݵӣǸ۲ӣһֱվұ󱣻֧ҵˣѾԶĲˡ
ҵģȻֻƵĲ
һ̣һĨĵʹҵϡ
ǣƽƺһ£ޣȻʹ˲޾ˣҲһɱΡ
ҽ߬ǿ鲼۾µȥ
ǸʱЦҶߺХƽոǲҲһķ
Ǹųˣֻӱҵıʹ
ҵǰɿһĻ棬仨ƽĸĸ׵΢ЦӨǺΰ̳ĹǽԼԶٻȥңԶĳ
Ŵ̹ǵıΧңͻȻޱȵİģǳӤصĸ׵Ļ
ԭÿ˵Ĺޡ

 10 

ҿ˸ףվҲԶĵطҼһ ɾɫۡ
ףףɱȥȴƺʲôסҵĽţҴ粽ơ
ȥɣ׳һ˻֣˰ɣˣúõ
ʲôʲôǣ
Ȼײ˦ˣҶʱļǰ
СֵܣСֵܣڽңֻûʹ۶ܷ
СֵܣˣȻģ
֣һ飬һ¾۾
ǰһԲεľ޴ݶ滭ŸӵĻƣ߰ĻҼΪϤ
һͷȴԼһľͰʢ˱ˮˮѾһ㱡ı
䣡һ䣬ȴ˻Ƶ
СֵܣȿھưɣչҵǸʮ׳θߴ󣬱ƽʤһ
뵽ƽҵһʹ֪
ȰɣǺ˸Ƥҹٻһˮоˣ
ǺӸ߱ĿЩͻˡ
Ƴı߾ŴԣȻں㣡
ҺһҾƣֻ඼ʼǺѾһˮСĵļӵľͰ
¶ȽˣҵԽ˼õļӦŶ԰ɣ
ٺ٣˵¶ЦݣͲˣҼҴ˴ֻжеĺö
ʲô
СֵһͲǵˣɫԱѵ֪һּƷζơ
ܣɽļµĺɫޡ
ܣеĲ˵ܶ˯ܳʱ䣬еⶼֻϣ˾һԶΪ
˵ľͰһˮˮ½ߣԼܸоͨ졣
ұһ졣
ÿǺͻȻðһ仰ͷңǿһĶĴﻹÿ
һ¾סˣû˶˵ĻˣҲ°ͣɫĺѾ˹ȥˣˮӾҵĺڷˮӳճһİ
Ϊݣżӣһ˫խ۾ת쵤üޣŹֿ˼Ӣ
İ˵Ϥһ䣬ҾͳˣʱûеӲš
ڷͻȻһƮ˽ձʺ֪˭ҿ
һߴӰϸѩ˽˴ŰɫĽ£ͷһͬ׵Ƥñӣȴһ޵Ĵɫ硣
ˣˣźҵĺһˣϹ˵ϡ
ľͰʱ޴룬Ͼʵʵ˵ʱҲڲġ
ǸߴӰߵҵǰҾͿһ
Ӣʮ㣬ǷǸʮӢӣҵƺһ˿Ц⣬㣬ˣ
Ҳ֪˵Щʲôȴ˵û뵽ȻǸеģҪǿˮǱ˭ΪǸŮӣ
˵ʲô£òͷһǾȹĶˣ
˫ֱȭ֮û
ģ۾ԣŷ˫ͫǽӽɫһɫ
ɫĿˣ
̫ˣ˵ˬʵЦҺϲƵĻǺúõһ£
˵Ǹŵĺ˵簡ǾȻɽǱ߷һֻܣѾȻгˣСֵҲ
߲ɵĹһ˿Ц⣬¾Ȼɵ£ֻҪΪʳܾȻҪҵĸв
ЦʲôҵͻȻ
ûʲôˮ˵ֻֻɱģ
ϾʢҵʱֻǾñ˵Ů˿ûп⻰ڻҴΣա
ôɱģʵǸҲеĻϸ
ǱᴩİɣҰѱɽ׼Ĳȥѣ
ǲǿΪΧҵĽӡΪʱڸ˵ָḧҵָ¶Ⱥȣȴ䡣
üȴ÷ֻõ˵ͷ
ǲǿΪɢдƵıǣ֤ЩǴƵĹٱأ
Ҳ˵ˣһɺӼ
ָѾƵҵĲ
ǲܼΪ֮Ƶرʿ֪ͨҹӷӣ֮һأ
һ͵һǰҲͻȻһһѾסҵĲӡ
û˽ֻһ˫ɫ۾ңĺɽ
Ӳᡣ

 11 

ٴεתȴڰıϣ᫵ɽ·ߡ
˷紵ҵʹΧкܶһڸ·ƺǼҳĴ硣
ˣŲôĺҡ
ţҶ˶ֶӿտҲûгԵ̫ϧˣ
ˣȤǵóԣ
ҵǸôûаͻȥ֪ӷôȻ𻹰ң
ǺǺǣ˵˵Ļ֪̫٣òһģҪúöԴ
ҴˡҲ֪˵ʲôãֻó̾һҸȤ
ļҸһɽи·ںĻѩУȫɲó˶ҪԼԽɽ
ڴ̹ǵĺУҲ֪ҺƽûϵĽˮƱҲᶳɽǸ˵ĻȻûд
ͣͣ˼գÿոŰǸֵĴҲûҵĲ磬ԽԽˣΪ٣ΪԽԽȥˡ
ÿҴӲķ϶Уűǵķ򶼻еľ
볤ԽԽԶˡ
˴Űңһ˽ţһ˶ܸˣҲֵͨ졣
֣߳Իؼˣ˵ĶЩ
˺ĽӴǣӭӿӢۣҲһëƤ·ңȻֲڣȴʹԶһ㡣
ոսҹЩ˻ڸ˵ȾƳʱ򣬰Ҵ˳
ߣ˰˸
ΪʲôƵĸһǳһŵѩ
ڶˮУȻǺƱػ²˵ſҵһۣںò׵˴ׯһҪô򿴿
ûãһӣ˽ȥ
ȥɣأ˵ƿţǺص޲ʾҹȥ
һȵůһӾڻҽëϸոսᶳıѩ
ٷ裬пκƤĵ̺
һ˵δݻЩ
ˣһûȿ꣬һʵŷӺһߴˣͷڣһɫۣŽɫĻ䡣
ûŽصˣҼλˡ
ʱԱߣһİСͷ
£㿴۾ůĿ⣬ʹ޷ܣֻëĵ̺ϡ
СֵˣǸʵʾҰַϰ
ǣҴȴһ˵Ŀ⣬һ̧ۣͿһ˫ɫ۾
˫۾ڶЦˣܷʲô
Ҳ𻰣ʹ࣬ûбҪһֶ֪˷
˵ЦһʱǲǴƴܻʱ򣿡
ҵӸһƺԴŹֵġ
شˣڻкδȥϺõɽμˮȼٿ
ţ֪ˣظͼȣ
ڿЦɣɽοֻи߾еĹƷ˵͸˵ɽҰһ
ܹ˵𣿡
ʲôҷҵֶ֪ҳʱ䶼ܲ³һҪ˵ʲô
Ϊʲô
żʵһһ˵˵Hǿ󣬻ڰԱ˹ңԳΪ𡯣ǡ𡯹Ĺɣ
üëһ㣬ң˵꣬Ǹʹ˸ɫ
һûȷӦô£ǸͻȻһѾְסĽףһϸʹȥ

 12 

һĵʹһ¾ʹҵĽ״ʣͻϮһͷڵϡ
ҡҷѾոƽ͵գǸվߵǰ£˵㷸ʲô
ĺѾҵĶǸ˲֪ʹʲôַһʹҵȽҪ鴤
Ǳݵģ˸淢ҵᵳӪ˽ı桫
˶˵ԼǱݵģЦһʵʲôְλ
׸
ʿ򣿡
ǣҧ˵ʹѾĥɥʧ˼ֻʹĶԻ
ֲã˹˵ǹʿͲ³˰ɣ
˿Ѿʹõܲסڵϴϵպ飬ˮʪëƤĵ̺
Ǳ˺ܹء˵Һ乵ĶͷܸܲΪʲô
ңô֪
ҵŤɫ۾űĹ⣬Ϊ㻳žܣǽΪأ
Ҫһȥ⻰һǰֳһŮС۾ˮһ峺Ө
ܸ˭𣿡Ǹ˹ʡ
ǣҵδޡһʹǸƺҵһ룬ҿʼڵϲסŤ
ĴƬҵļ
δޣƺһܺ£ƺãӸµҡ
ǵģӦʮ˰ɡ
СģұƬˣæңҴǲĵطŲߡ
ҵȵľʱ̣ۼ۾ԽԽķ˿ɨҵϣֱеҵҸ¡
һѾץסͷһѹڵϣҵѹסĲӣһöĴƬľ䡣
Ǹ״æҪ˹ٸҼ룬̧һֻܻȣ߷ڵء
ȻɺʹǴʱѾû˸ղĸоűס˵㣬һȥ
ܹɱܵˣȻǲСģ
һسҳЪ˹ĺ
ѩɽȥǵȵ죡
֪˵ûдһ־ĸоȻϲɼӾƬе죬ɰɫĲһѪۡ
ǻ㣡Һȵʲôˣ
Ĺ壡
Ͳµ
ʲô֣
ȫҸոĸоҵѹ¾Ȼ¶ݵЦݣҽаľͼΪߡԽҸؾ٣
ؾ٣׿׿ʡ
㵹ǻ֣

һҵҪʹˣֶЩٶʩ̣
ҪȰַſ
˵ҲˣеĴƬȻĻ˵ϣҲ̱
ಱӣҵСĵİϵεְҰĦ
ұΪǳҵϣΪʲôɱң㣿
ɱ˺Ȥ𣿡䱻һѪ۵һ˲ǶȥܹóϷΪã
Ҳ⻰ĿУһĽĹ壬ɵ۾
ҪңЦҲǶīӵļѣ
˵꣬վóһ·ңȥɣϵ·ǻҪ·
ȻȥѱεĴȥˣûٿһۡ
ܵĻȾ糺Ӣɫĳ˫üͻȻ㱡
һѪ䣬·Ȼ͵ʹЩҸոշһ˵ʵ
Ϊʲôתۼ䣬ħ
ڻȥ·ϣѩһξк䣬Եĺһˣ޷²һĻĺ䡣

 13 

ڶǾ뿪ɽµĴ䣬ڱѩʮŵһĶС
ҺͰ繲һƥվУޣָɽµһǵҹ׶
ɽˮ䣬ǳйģ󣬻ɫǽȫûɣԼʮ׸ߣһڳɽ
ҳԾǸǽַȻһĴ·ϱٲȻ糤ȸ֡
⣿Ƕǣ
Ǹаľͼ˲֪ʱߣ׶׳ƶǣҲԽǻ׳ǣ
˵ЦЦĿңǲǿʱ£
һָǳǳصƵĳ屶ֹڳ࣬о޴ķ糵ˮΪṩ˵ǰЩģԱߣĺ˿ɪʮ֮⼴ɵš
žȻЦһ֪һ޴˺ӣÿйδµĲӶۼӱߣʫԣ
˵ֿһۣʲôأѾɥ֮Ȯٴȴû֮
˵꣬ͷɽȥһ˸ųվɽ塣
ڰѩչĴ磬кⰵˣлһҪʧܵζ
ɥ֮ȮΣǵҲϣҲ˴
Ŷһ˾ȻХŴţֱǱȥˡ
һ·ϳͨ裬վسʿͬ裬һһˡ
ҴˣǸСĹ٣
ǺǣϹ˽壬ȻѰղͬ
ʲôϴ󣿡
󡯡ߡڡǹϣڶǺ绽꣡
ǰʲô
Ұͷûգ˹壬ƽһ㶼ûյģ
ûмȥڴƣûϣֻ֣޸ĸһĺӣҪиֵġ
һլǰľͼףЦ࣬ڵˣ
ƺİߺȣŶһĽк
мģǣǸľͼȻһҲûУһ˦ͳԺ
ҸŰ緭Щ˾Ǹʲôģƺһ˶˻ʵѰ
ҴС檣ҵЦʰ硣
⻰ô˵
Ƽ绨ڼйɣ
ƺһܺ飺Ӻս˿ںŮ鳤ǻȮ
ͻȻľͼ֪ĳѾֻһɫĶ̰𻭷쳣ۣĵӢԽӢͦ
񣡡ںҡ
ȴ˱ûжҲļҳҲҵˣֻһƶ񣬵ȴԼϣΪҪ
ҹҲ⣬һҵԺȥ
Ҫ𣿡
㿴Ȯ
˵ŴҴ˼Ժӣһǽߣм޴Ĺڻʳ
㿴⹷ʲôͬ
ҵһ˽Ĺ۲͵Ȯǰ׸ҲֻǶƽһڲ£һϵҲͬ
ԭȮȻ˿µĶ͵ǿ׳֫ƺʱȥҧһڡ
ôֻһڳ⣿ĹֱΪβȥʳ
ľͼһۣ⣺Ϊͷ
ҵ˵ͷһ֪ģ˵һȺӣҲȻһǿĳ
ָЩʳĹеһ˵ǰͷֻĹ踺أԼ㹻ʱҧӴԺֻͷȳԵһʳ
˵ľֺεƣ
ֻѧӭ֪ηֻѧʧȥջ񣡡
˵ʲôŰľͼûһĲл
ҵ˼˵˵תٷ۾һ˿Цζңѧôȡңֻлɳˣ𣿡
ԭڵû
û뵽˾Сˡиڳ򶼲ֻٴΣոҪдȴһסҡ
㵽ʲôЩˣŪҲҪи޶ȡ
Ժؾ٣Ժջƣ˵ָҵ۾̫й¶£ⲻһ飡
˵仰Ȼңһתȥ
ɫ·ӳŰѩһֻɵ
ıӰԼ۾˷â¶
˵ĻԶҲ²͸Ļһ뽻ȥ롣

 14 

ڶһ磬ҾͱһߴŮӴʱ⻹Ʈѩ
ǲشô˶ôࣿ۽ƳǸŮѰһߡ
С˽ȣʲô¾ɷԸң˵Ű·һȫ׵Ľ۸ҴϣһѩƤļ¡
˭ҴôصĶü»ãΪǻʹҿһŮӡ
˷Ըģ˵һɡΪҳϣӣ߰ɣ
Ҫȥ˳ŷ˽Ҳɻ鷿㣡
ؾôô磿ɫոշףƺҲһ͵ĺʱ
ˣұ鷿ʱȻŽŴ¶һǰһ壬ҵȵúÿ࣡
Ǻ£ԭΪһ֡
ﶼǴˣûҶģǼˣ˵ĦȭƣȫĻĪ⡣
ͷɢһɥ־ĸӵܣҾȻԼǵһˡ
жٸûΪǰ˵˻һǧ棬ڼʶˡ
ҽ磬ϥϣִִף
۾һ㴩·ܺÿҾִװɣ
֮󣬰УĲһĺá
ҺϲƵĻһһ˵Χ壬ʮŵݺᣬʮһ㣬ǳУͰ֪ʶ
ЩСʱѧϰʱӽ벻ȴˡ
Χսν֣֮Ϊսû
˵սʱݺҷģҸһӣƺЩڽȡ
ζĿһۣþòӣ뱨𣿡
ҵָͻȻһ¡
ҿ԰㣡ɫ۾òһ˿ů⣬ȴƫƫЦݡ
ֻҪصҪʲô˰æ
ƺһܺ£վһ·ϣûн̹ʲôʶʱΪ𣿡
˵ֿһۣû׼սƥ֮£
ҵĽ⣬ƺҵȷʵһ׼ûУֻصһжа취
ĵ˭֪𣿡Ļһδʹңֻ֪ҪصǸǸңԶΰĶǣݺǹ֮˻Щٹˣûпǹɣ
ֻҪһصȥ취ܴ
֮һƽô֪ܵ˵Ŷһȣһ֪ɱһվͺˣ㻹ûҵԼͻΪ֮
˵ҶԴĿ⵹ڿһ֪ĺӣ˵Ҫ׼ʲô
һɱ֣˵˹ָָҵ۾ҪѧԼɱ⣡
Ȼأ
ҪһõĽ£
Щ͹𣿡
ԶԶܵ˼͸ɱ˵ľģҪһ㣬ǿܲץסǰÿһʱ
˵ƮķѩʱɫѾˡ
һεıӰΪ׼ʲô
Χڵģ
¼䣬ûʲôûԵʵģҵͻȻʹ˵ɣҪʲôȡ֮֮㸶ô࣬ûͼɣ
һۣЦڻûãֻһϷɣ
Ϸ
ֻ뿴һӴаһİӻӰ죡ǻȫ̽ػǳʤ㲻úȤ𣿡
һ˿Цҵһ±ñ䡣
ҵļҵʧҵǻޣȻֻһϷ
Ҫ񿴳һ㿴ң۾й¶̫ණ˵ŻصϣҶ棬һöӣոû֡
Ҫʲôûãɣ
һöӣƳӣİɱ
ѩȻƮ㣬ů紺һսȴ֮С
뿪Ժ󣬵һ˸𣬸ؾ٣ؾ٣ΪǵüۣԴЦܿ͸һеĿ⣬ɲĻ
ϿʼռУһɫ¶צһ죬һʹ

 15 

ڶڱؾЦеĵң촩һɫ컨ۣɫëΧ죬ֱһŵ湫ӡ
һҪģǽ˵óһɫĳӰǰ
ҫĳЦһ£ִһɿۣиһ¾͵˿Ȼв㣬ֽ
߳зŽоСذף̽һӦȫ
ĿҪǴ̿͵мң
ûдܹ̿һĿŵĻ£ɷģüźÿ϶˼֮ɫ
ŸģǼգ
գ
𻰣°ƣ֪СӵĴӰ߳һСò˵ˡ
ˣ˲´磬ƺǸͨļū
ǣҺ
õĴ̿ͣаԸѧϰһõļɣ
θЩ棬ûֱ˵ɱ˵ļɡ
ӣ
ض񣡡Ҽæȴ־ȻָֻһƽӹȫȻκε
ǵü˳۵ģЩǶ˲赹ˮۡ
һۣؾٵشˣ̲˹ӣ
ΪʲôؾƫͷĿ
òٮãעĿ޷Լʣνδε©âɱֵĴɣ
ǺǣؾЦһ£뵽ҵȻҲ뵽ˣ±ҪͽһЩһķӰɣ
ôӣЩȽһأ
ֻһ̶ˮƫƫֲɲ䣬Ļƺؾٵϲŭ޳ʤһ
ѣһкκŷĹŽ
빫Ϊϰ
ǹŽϴ׭ֻƺ͹ӵͭߣ翥ԣűơ
ձУ֪ΪоȻһɺþòýˡ
ڶ˵עУһһһʽڶҼ
㣬ǹŽϸ߽ζ
ɽվɳĻߣǹŽ׳ζ
սļ٣ĿңƮҡı׳ǹŽҵζ
õԲһ³һһʽŽʽޣˮ
˵⾳Уҷ·ֻص׸仨ƮҡԺǸǵ꣬ƽվҵȡЦ©ٳĽС
ˣˣͻȻһŻҵ˼Žһʱשʯʴӡ
ؾվһ߿ң۾ټ
ΪʲôңΪʲôҪңζ
ˣˣ˵߹ӹеĹŽһߣȻһֻȵĴƣǺ庢һҵˣˣˣôһˣѿ
ҿˣȻˣһʱͻȻͨ죬䶼
Ǹӣƫƫѧ˿ģǺ۵ģ
Ҽæƿ֣һߵİôʺʲôĽ
һߵǸɫĺǰһᱡĺɫذ׸ңʺУ
ǰذ׿ͨͨҿȲŮãһӸõġ
ҼɫһôҲЦң
ӲҪոհ轣л࣬㣬Ҵ󿪴ؼʽûչý˵Ĵɣ
˵ûȷʵó
ˣʺ϶СᱡҪע⣬ڽĲУһУҪ
ҽӹǰذףü͵Ϯķӣ
ªЦһ£ƺ˺ܺ飬ӣϣɱʼ£ǰɱ͵ϮǾսõĽԼ˫֣ȡʼ׾ӣݵ£
˾Ȼһ㶣û뵽ò˵ɱ־Ȼ˵Ļ
ѡ·Ҫѧ᲻ֶΣȸˣ
˵գű˳ȥҿбһ⼣߰ߵĲ˵а߲ĺɫѪۣĴĿġ
ˣǲͬѰҶԸؾЦһ£ǰҲϿɵıС
ؾٵ۾һ£Ǽ˺£ЦܺÿԲҪܰűǷǮһĳ
ðҿÿЦҲҪϲŭ޳һǧ򻯣һС㣡
˵꣬ת߳ʯҡ
ؾٵɫһѿɣҼһζӮˣ鲻ɴã

 16 

ӹ÷ɿ죬һȷĿ֮ʱ߾ûνʱռ䣬ֻʣϣ
ȷʵǸְʦÿ첻ͣľʯżҲȥ׽㣬Ѻϵļƣһǹҷ㡣
ÿֻǸظſζ飬ȥˣǰѺɫûйذףҵĻУûùһΡ
ϵȸؾٻ󣬾ͻȥķ䣬̽һЩϲĻ
֪ݵÿ۾ͻ¶˷ܵĹâ
һ鲼£ԭҰһߵŹ٣һû㣬Ȣ˻˴ӢͲˣ
ȴһҵһߺȾƣһˣ˲жףץסֱûзֵĻᲢӱҲһֱ£
һ仰˵ƿԣ뷨Ҳͬ
ϲҵϲ½ȡĿһ
ǵľ룬ĲӵңԶ
ⱱĴ켴֮ʱȴ÷ǳĹµԭҲûпֵҽĵѡ
ɱˣкˣβǣҰͷض쪷磬ľޣɢڣгת߻
ˣ֪Ӻʱվߡ
Ҽæվһӣ
ӲҪ
ʦصӦã˵ŰһԱߡ
ǳˣ۾Ծƽʱ侲Ȼ෴Ĺ⡣
ǣҵͷȷе˵ǴӳСųߵˣ
ɫȥԼֻʣֵָҲǳˣһͬǣҵָԶ˳
һ˵Լȥ£ҳȴʡ
ǰ˵൶ֻͣҪ˸Ӿ֣˵Цһ£õ񻰣ʮʱȥ˳Ϊֺڵﴴһͷ
˵һۣʱҵµĲŽ̬ư꣡
ǵĽٺãҲвĲ˵
ЦǸʱǺܷⰡдٹҪȥҳΪ˷ǲ켺
˵̾˿ԴһʹֵˣҵҲͽˣ
ָ
ǣŲȱ֣ʧȥָҵûˣ
ª㻹ص𣿡
Цһ£һҲ룡ʺңǸʧĵط
Ϊ̫ҿЦһ£ƫƫȴòȥһ죬ҵĸ׺þҪڽ̷һĿ࣡
һۣӣ𴲣
Ҫȥ׽𣿡
Ҫһķӣ˵꣬߳䡣
̫ˣڿϽˣóǱµذףķвһ˿Ĺ󣬵ȴпϣ
ȣȣҼæܳţҴأҪƣ
ʵҲ˷ϲˣֻǸĿ޳ĸؾ١
ӣ⼸ûڸôûע𣿡
Ϊʲôڣ
ټеĽȥʹˣ˵ˮַң
һ㶣Ǹؾ٣촩ûڣʱ֧īӵķǹ˼룬ʱĽñĸؾ٣ȻǸ
ߣľͼǽ
ҹ߼ƹܱȨ
ͻȻЦԭǸôûм佫
ǲǰͷظŮɱ飬һӦ
ʶĸؾ٣ʱʱʱᣬʱƸУûһеʡ
ôЦƺˣҼҴ˿ǻԷġأ
ͷЦñȥˣȣ㲻ҪΪǻϸȡģһԼҪġ
ʵ׷߰

 17 

ڶҾ˷ܵĸŰȥѧˣȫѸؾٵԺ
ʮȥذ׵ķǺóļниҡ
еһжƽ˾Ǵ˵ĿȴˮH⼸ۡ
ˮ𣿡
һǾסڸĵطӴ˵ػΪ߾еʱ;ڱ߾ɧң
ǿʰ
ΪĻһЩҰǰѲ˵
ҲΪؾٵһĻһĹӸҲҴ˶٣ΪҪİɣôӦô׶壿
ҵĴˣҪɣҳ̾һûмɱ˵Ľܴ𣿡
վͥԺеңһ£˵ɱˣ
ǰδɱһˣ
ûб¶һ˿Ц⣬ȤôܲɱˣµĲ֪жˣֻǵ治ɱѣ
ֵסˣΪʲôΪʲôǰչĶŵһ棿
Ǹܴˣ˵վǰѲ˵л˼£ñΪǸʲôˣ˾ͻΪǸʲôˣԸΪѪɣ
ѪǰѲ˵ϰ߲ѪĿġ
ǵģǵģĸ˲ѪǷɽѪҺǹѫ֤
ôˣ
һ¶ûмؾ٣ҵȴѹֻΪƭңⱾҲʲôƭǾΨһĿԺȾƵٵѣȴʼն
ǰȴʱˣ֪Ǹؾٵ֪ΪʲôȻܵҵķ
磿Ҽ˵кҸոѧ˼УǱȻȻ
翴ҵ͸©ź⣬һƾͳ˹
ôˣҼæŤһ˹ȥŭ磬ʲô
Ϊ㣬Ϊ㣡һУսȭͷҲܺʹ˳Ϊˣ
Ϊ㳤ƯһЩΪᵯٻʲô˲ҴС͸Ŵˣûкֿȴȥ
״ε˵һѣ޵ĿһۣͶŶ
⣬ô£ʲôһȥ
ʱŽˣӣ˻ˣƣǹȥɣ
ȸͷʱҲϸĿһҵŹֺÿ縸룬Ϊ¶
ʱҲһǰƽʱ˵ݵǡ
ؾڷң಻ƺһЩ۾Ҳ
͸ǸƣĻ֣ôԶ׼ֻ̫
Ⱦƣ
ҶƱһ
ȣһȾƣƺһ˿ѹ
Ҫһȥ

Ϊʲôһվȥɲ¡
̧ң˵
ɫĿУֻû¡
ҵһμʱ򣬾Ȥ˵ŸԼһƣһצСޣֻűȴûзצҾ뿴צʲôӣ
˵һиģƫƫҲǸˣ⳯ϦദУȻϣٻصǸĳǸ˽ˣ
סˣζû뵽ô˵
˵֪Ҳסγȥ˵Ŵӻ˸ŷңݣسû˻ᷢҵ˽ҲΪֹˣ
ؾ٣һץ죬Ҫƭҵʲôʱͳ˶ΪԸȲŰ߲𣿡
ЦſңҪ˵ѣ
˵ѵ㣡ҵǰģһ˵ѾͻЦΪҲ֪˾ҲңԼȨƣܰͻس
ҵͷеʱ̫
ؾ٣ҵһƺһߣҺһս
Ǻܿµģ
˵ҵڲܿƵǶԱΪҲǣƽҲǣΪԼˣҾܻʹ죡ΪʲôһʣҵԸΪʲôԼѡ񣡡
ؾϸֳˬʵЦݣһƣ̣ıʿ
ãһΪͷǱƣȻ֪ȥ£꣬ᵢһȥʱ䡣
ҲпҲлصʹ˿硣
ҵؿڣȴȼɺж־ķβɳ
ڶ죬 Ҿ͸Ÿؾһ˳˳ţѹѹһƬȫž׵սʿ֮ڡ
ںƺƵоУҿſףԶԶĳ˴Ĵָ

 18 

ʮ
ӴĶʮ췽߾
ɽνı߾һƬѹѹ֣ݴգĻ´̣ƽԭϲ֪˶ٱ
߳ǼɸߵĳŻ򿪣ĿĵһƬǽ壬棬޺ʹ֮ңңš
˷Уվһڼ׵Ĵ󺺣ԲĿͷңǺѪܲһľƵϻӣϻƵɲ
µ¹źڴ˹ӭ߽Ǹ˫ľϻһڵϣ
أǰ˵𣿡ؾźɫսףʡ
һڴˣӭ߽˵Žеľϻٹͷ
ɫľϻԵ͸ɫҺ壬ɢŵϢ
װһ˵׼
뵽ľȻͻһ̽ѯĿ˿ߵİ硣
粢˵Բ˫ȴ⣬ȼյĳޡ
ҿı飬Ȼأʱһ˵ϣҲһ飬ѪͬУ
ȴ
ǣؾȴǹµĴ󺺣һӣһȽС
¹ź׳æӵľϻҲں档
ؾٵӰңԶϣ˿ģ壬ЩЩΡ
Ҳ˵ѪҲ˵顣
ֻо˲Ż֪ϣû̫ʱȥʹ
ԲһʱʹҴפ߳ǣسפķ
Уؾȡ㱨սǰ̽Ҳ˵˵Ϣ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôΪ壬վҪӣܲ£ֻܿı߳Уʣ²Ƶķ١
ҹɫУŶӵ޵ľļڵĸżϣѾĺӣĿ͡
ֽǵȥ˵ʬ壬ǼѾˣ˾ռߣûбᣬſڵϣ͸ܵϢ
ѻ̤ϳ¥ʯݳɵĸ߸ߵĳǽǰһƬңǰżʮص׼
ȥɣﲻĵطɰǱ
ȥϾ㻹Ƿһ飡ҳЦЦƶ£νǿջЦˣ
ҡҷĻУ翴ҵоЩ֡
ȥɣСĽ£˵ȥָʿפطߡ
Ϸ䣣ȻѾµҹɺϮˣѲߵʿŵıߣСĶ衣
սѾ˲ľԱ״̬
ǰһΡĴɽҹǾ˵ļӰ˸еؿѹȣ޷
߳ǰһɽ
ûзǰսĵΡձΪȻϵĴɽڴʱΪⳡսȡʤʯ
Ƽ޷ıĵƣսĹؼ
紵ҷȵͷԣҸеһġ
ǷһŵζܣŻ
ӣӣ£һֱӰİ֪ʱҵߡ
⣿ʲôζţ
ˣֳֻı飬ǣǹζ
ʲôʱŻζˣ
ãֵøӿģ㲻ϣɱ𣿱֮߳¾ս֫ϱۣ޷εʬ壬͵ˣһȻͻḯùá˵ⲻζ𣿡
Ҳ̲סθסǽ
ǰڳʱ߽ս£ʾף˵˿еĴ档Щ佫ε磿ñ񣬴ݿ࣬һ绨ѩµʫƪ
ǣΪʲôû˸ңսĲп᣿
ΪʲôûЩսɳ֫б۶ϵԩ꣬˭
νһǿݣҵգʹס
ǱЦÿޱȣָҵǰ˵ɱ£۹ûʵս˲ݵİɱڶ˰ɣ
ҵͷ¹θĲࡣ
Ȼֻˣ˽

 19 

ʮ
Ҷûмؾ٣ôôԶʱῴŴҴҶ̳һƬȴӲͣ
ÿ糣Ű䣬ʱЩʿ˵һЩս顣ϧǶ벻ģɢ
״ҿʼ뵽ȫͬһƬǽı߳ǣ˶ҪΪԼļ԰ҪʱϣһĽʱ̣Ҳ̵ʶԼĹ¶
ҵļңʹͷ­ѪңԶĳҲҪһ˵ҳϡ
ȻΪҲؾٵʱѪ۾㲵ҡ
ٸһ߽ССӣתҪȥ
Ҫߣһ
ҼæӴͿҾٷţҲڳҲŹٰ
Ҫڰ֣ȻĿϣ׸ҲԣҺ뾲һ
˫Ŀգأϳ˺룬ʶδǱ
֣ǵǰѳģأţ˵ԼûУ׷Уɭֻ֣һһҹͱ˿ͷ­һģСһ𳤴󣬻ΪһƥСĿ
˵˫ƴѹǸʱҲôԾͺˣôԾͺˣΪʲôֻеѾʧҲܸʱǲŻ׺νںޣνϧ
û˵ĬĬóյıӣÿӻڣţңأơ˭Ĺｮұӡɽܾؼ͡һԣɱʿ˭Ϊıӣ
Ỻ˵ĸҹлصҲ֪ȥһ˵ıʹֻܳɥȥǣͻŵ˵ꡣ
ҲΪؾ٣ҲΪƽҲΪҵĸףԶڳ֪ļˡ
ʱؾѾӰ
ڵĥһղŲ޲ͬҹãֻһһɢξ
˵ˣʱսڳ⣬빫Сģ
Ȼս
ҹɫأûаĹԣ̿˼ĲҾ硣
һҹ߶ӵΧΪս׼컹ûȥΪһ׿׻ϸҴ
϶սҪС
㲻ȥ𣿲ȥ𣿡
ĳ鶯һ£ͳЦûһɱֿĻ£ʹսҲ⣡˵Ҫŵڹؼʱ̣䲻𣿡
ҵһθеԼӣֻ¶ĵ˵ͷ
ؾٵŹңҸո߳ӣʹ٩Σǧ˰
Σû¡
Ϊ£Ʈҡսļ٣ˮıʿѾжΣƴ˫ĽϽһʱ䣬ССƽԭϾۼ˼ˣǰࡣ
ʱҲŷǸˮĺ󷽣һؼ׵ڼɶӣǧ֮ڡ
ҼྐྵȻһ˲޷ⲻؼױսϹǿĶ飬ϱʱ㷺ӦãΪһЩ׶ˣãôﻹؼױս
ؾ٣ؾ٣ҼæҪҸʮ˵ĸؾ٣Ҫ취Ӧԣȴһɱ졣
ǰ󺺣ѾžףһȳȥڶĲ
ԶԶģˮĲɢһưؼױȳ飬ųУһͭǽڣѸײڶ֮ƣӭѹ
ǺɫĿף̵սǴӵħ֮Ѫ֮ʱ֫бۣ촦Ѫɽա
һѪȵζһ¾ڽɢڷ
źؾ˼ΣؼױɵһγʱûɳڶԷĲһš
ֻһ˲䣬ȫɱ¥һŵĹ֣ɻȰܼ
ոջǰ͵ƽԭתۼͳΪ޳ɱһƬ
һججվ£һֱձŸһ³¥
ֱˣǲ֣Ӿٶظսս֪ҪֶãؾȫǷŭΪô
٣ӾõսʹʤҲԹش
ҵȻףһƣĳˣָΣ
һǸؼױѾʹɽˣƻ˳ΣҲʹԷƣ
ؾٿһۣĿǣҪжƥ
ͻȻֲõĸоѵƥ
ɽ֮أսڵǴӴʳͻǱģԲܹ˷ѣ
˵ճ̾һָ߳䣬Ӱµ

 20 

ڶʮ
ڱ߳פִ࣬˼С̣ÿζʤʱˮԷǳ뻮һİ֮ƶС
ȻĲ֣ΪؼױŸá
߳ΧĴ䣬ս£ҲѸ˥ȥʮڣ̡
ģеİֲ֮ڶģʿԵʳпʼҰݣ·ϵˣӵϡ١
һֱҵϯǳء
ֱէ֮ʱ˵ˡ
˵ͬʱؾٷǳ˷ܹܵңУΪΣ
ҵʱ밢䣬ʵһ㶣ʤⱾǱҳʶ
ȻȻ˷ܵĦȭƣֻң
𣿡
˷ܵһ֦ľڵϵɰϻһǳصķΣڳǰһﴦѲúҹðӣͻʱòȣʹؼܹ˵ء
ǰһﴦǷǳΣյľ룬ѵɻĿһۣҪթܣ
ˣ˷ܵĵ˵ͷǲ֣Ҫ취ʹ˽Ȧף˵öԣܹش˵ؼױǵľ񲿶ӣʣµĲ㲻Ϊ壡
ǣթܵķִգ˹Ƴţˣ
һ᲼ù֣ʹԶķԶ󣬴ܹ˵300⣡Ӧܹʱ䣬õĻᣡ
˵˷ܵô֣תҪߣ죬һȥսɣһҪȫߺˮսܼȥ
ض˷磬¼ȷѩ
ոѾѸٺȥյ£ƺ顣
֪ؾΣȷʵֻô򣬶һʧΪҡѩ֮ʱֻһĵˣ
ڶսȻؾϣǳ˳Ľš
ǧ֮ڵĺưؼױΡɽһ㵹ڳǰ̤֮ʱʿĪ׶ʿ̴ǡ
¥ǷɻȰܼХŷ䴩бһѪ֮ʱԷѾʼˡ
һңǷ˱Ҵɣбʼ̵ֻķȺûˣڻҼ䱻νɽһйǧ֮˲Ϣɾ͡
׷ؾվڳ¥϶Դ˵
õ콵㣬ƽԭһֳ乭İ׷ɢҵĵоɽ
һǣ
ʤѶؾ³¥Ҵҿս
ȥҼæҲץƥԾϡ
⼸Ҷһε飬ÿκˮĳʱܿϷ򣬶
ǲú壬ǵαȽǴһӾѾƺƵ߳ţ̤صĲʬڻߵƽԭϡ
ʱãնѪɫ
ؾٵĿһۣˮ䣬˵ûпܣǱ֤ݵӪأڶϷ
û˵ֿҲûУȻĻˡ
ҹɫʱؾٺҴһ֮⡣ʣ֪˶ãɳȥ̽ӷʼء
Ǹʿǰϥأа಻סļȻе˵Ӫʣ˱һָ棡
ЦȻϣǻüתƣ̸ɱƬײ
ɫδߣѪ˫ۣѪĹ֡
УҼæһסʤؽʹ·ʱʧȥ˺ͼ԰ʿᱻµս
ſң㲻ǻڶھһִңƺǳŭ
ؾ٣һΣЩûսˣҲ̫
Ŀһۣ۾ƺκεĸ飬ǽţЦЦˬʣģǽȻȥ˵
¹תͷ߳ǵķ򷵻أɫľ¹⣬ոѪħıѲڡ
Ǹ׽͸޷˽⣬һԼԦĸؾˡ

 21 

ڶʮһ
׷ͻӴ˺Ϣɭм˼ǧбı߳ǣָˡ
УѾʼ칦ᡣ
ȴŰصǸªӣӲƣž˵Ŀ
Σý˰ɣսȡʤҲĻŭţӿʼ
̰㻬ޣпʼˣɢϸƣ¶貵ӡ
ܹصˣȻսñҪֻ࣬Ҫܹȥһϲ顣
ӵĽ˫ֱϥƺֺΧΧӰ죬ɫĿɫ
㲻𣿲ʤ̣
ڿ찡˼Ŀһۣ¹ޣ㲻֪ʲô𣿡
ӦɣΪʲôҪ˵Щİƺǳ֡
ӣ̾һҲǷŻõҪڻа˰ɣ
ҵͻȻвõԤУĻƺڰʾʲô
Ҽæ¾Ʊץ죬ʣʲô˼Ϊʲô˵ڻﰧ
Ƴһۣ˵ֹ˹оӪأ
ǣΪ̽˵Ӫ棬˱н
ֲҵ֣̫ˣΪԼܹӰˣӰսͿһҹɫոսʱǣЩνߣĻѱһ߾߽ʬ
ģ
ؾ٣ôƭңЦˬʣӲǰɱˣʹΪҲûй
խﱯʹӻĿôƭң
Ҽæܳӣںҹķ¥ķ񱼡
سǵʿסңûиؾ٣ûа磬ְλ͹ζûе壬ûʸ̤ϳ¥
ƴǽ棬ȴ޷ֻͨ뿴һۣɭֵǲ˵ȼĻ档
绹ĹţԽԽҡҷĻУ̵ĳǰ򿪣һɿ˽
ȵһˣĸߴ࣬Ǹؾٵ硣
磬磡Ҽ˼æӭȥȥʲôˣΪʲôڲŻ
鶯һ£еɫĸɿݵѪȴشҡ
ǿǵӣѾԼװԷ飬ʣǲǣǣȥɱȥˣǲǰ
Υ˵꣬ͲޣȥȥϲѶ
ֻһˣվڷҵĶʣԶ
ʧǵĻصʱѾˣƵ£ֻиؾһˣٱãڵȴҵĹ
ɻˣҺһҿĵӭ˳
Ҵû޹һˣոɱˣȴµЦɫ۾Ĺ⣿
ҵһһڿĳɹһȭϡ
û뵽һṥȻһڵϣĪĿҡ
ΪʲôҷĽеΪʲôҪɱЩˣԷŹǵ𣿡
ǺǣվЦſңĺ棬ΪһѾ˵˵Ӫض᲻ȥĴˣʺս
ǣѾʤˣҪɱЩ𣿡
һΪˣԴ˾ҪնݳܸκδϢأңҲһΪһţͲܸͬκοԹҵĻ𣿡
İֻǸϲѧ͹ϵĸؾ٣ȴǣһһȨ㳯ҰĴ󳼣
ؾĨĨǣüһЦ߳ССԺ䣬ҪסûһǸɾģֻЩ˱ȽϰϧëԲҪϼʴȵϣ
㶵Ĳ֪ͥԺվ˶ãҵ
죬ʵǴȥģ˵ֻĸԸĸ𣡡
ԭһʼҾͱŪڹ֮䣬һͷ˵ģ
ǣ˵˻Ҹ㣬ûΪκμٵݣǸŷʵһ
һ⻰ĺܶԣڵңĿһʲôûУϣһֱ֧ҵĳޣ

 22 

ڶʮ
Ҳ֪صĶǣǰľﶼҡڲģֻһ˵ӰޱȣǾǸؾ١
ֻҪߵҵĿ׷浽ǰѺɫıذףʼҵ࣬ƽķŭҹᷢ
룬һѪˡ
ֻҪһᣬ֣
ȥҵĳŭȼգȴʼղ֪˭ΡĳΪΪ֮ĺΪ֮Ķ
죬ҵһҺ޵쾡£޵ޱȵĿˡ
ҪɱңصʱѾƮ˴ѩն̵ÿһμţزĺӣ˼ķơ
ؾִûŽأů¯ǰ˵
ҵһУȻҲҪ㸶ۣҲڲҵɱ⣬ʵˣҲ޷ڲʲô
ΪʲôңΪƭ㣿
Ϊ㲻һسȴϣȷʵʹ޵һ㣬˵ʲô壬Ǿֻиʧȥ޵˵ͬ
ؾ˹ЦӺܹţһۣڲǰڲЩʲôˣǶڶԷǰֵչʾšҡ
ҵĺ⣬Ĳ̣
ЦԽԽģֱҪȥָҵҲȥڱ㰡ΪǸҪǲسˣĻûаδΪĸףǱԩ𣿡
ҲŹżͷ飬֪ڼҷŭ
ؾٿĵĴһסҵ죬㲻Ҫװɵ˵ûһǸɾģͬĸҲ⣡ԱΪ޹ǱݺģֻҪ̤ĳţͻҪ
ܽҿԸоĺܹĶͷ
ǰѺɫذףһ㣬ҵ֣˲˳ȥ
˼εƣѸݣû˿ӹڹ⡣
ǰ񿪳˺ɫĻ賤ĻݣŰռһķ羰
ȵѪ˳ҵҵڲһ͵Ϯɹ־뾪ҵ塣
Ǹؾȴûеȥһζı鿴ңڿһȤ£·𱻴ɱĲԼ
ǰذףʼջƫһ磬ؿڣңָذ˵㲢һϸĴ̿͡ڳ˲䣬վ˸Ӱ졭
һͷԵҵĻ˫Ŀգ˵ʹȥ
ؾ٣ؾ٣ƴĴգѣոΪʲô㣿
ʵҿɱֻҪǰѺɫذװγ޻ĿܣûУ
ͻȻĿʹǰذǴҵѣһŽ̤ѩϣ˷š
ѩƮ㣬ŰĺɫĵѪӣʹҵ۾
ڻĿ˰ĴţһѪܵ˸ؾٵķ䡣
ҴɵɵѩܶӰǰȥŻţѩ
ɫ׵ʱ򣬲˷ңϲ˻ѩѩ˰ͥԺС
ӣһȥɣ䣡ȳʮɡźصվҵࡣ
ؾأô
Ѿˣ˵ǰذᱡޱȣ
ˣϵѩȽľȥ
ĴѩһУУǺС
ڻˣף
ΪһǷҵѾѪϴ壻Ƿģһ޷
ôڵǰ㾡ĻֻͦǱУŤתǬԶҲ޷侲

 23 

ڶʮ
һ£Ҫˣȴίȥÿڷֻ֪Ⱦƺȫظұδʱ״̬
ڷѩֻص˳ӨëΧ죬һһ磬ҵǸʱãȱǶݵĴҲ
ӨӨ粻ܻȥȢˣһҪ޸ˣҪһûã
¶ãһѶеľƺӣǷˣ뱨ˣ
𣿡˹ЦʮһЦģΪһصȥҴһͶĴΣǷô뿪
ˣ˵ȷʵû˵ߣ
Ⱦƣᰢ
ѩƮҡڸӰӣҲǺõģоѩʹкޣʹ˳ʥУۼҹޣ
ʱһ͹֪ͨңϸ𣬸ؾҲȥһͬۿ
̻˲Ϣ䣬貶ĿȴתۼţĺʺңЦŵͷʼʰΪ׼
꣬׼ϲ죬Ҳ嵭˱ı
ɫʱؾԹңҹûѩһɫ·ŻĽɫߣѩȥ̨
ֹںڰлͷһۣƺǡ
£Լգݾƹȣ̬Ѿ
̨Ϻ䣬վڸؾ࣬ůסңǵľȴøңԶ
һ貵̻תۼʣ˺ڰҹա
ΪޱȣȥʱŶǣûĻŹ⻪ֻ̣ʢÿĵ׵ģСϣ
ϵķȴ岻е壬˼֣֪ܲܵü
ڷȴǰһڣǶʧȥ˹ԡ
߰ɣˣ
𣿹Ȼת˲ţЦЦҪ̨
ȴʱŻŵܹˣɹǱĺոˣ
ؾɫһôģǺúţ
ˡ缱æӥӣУίٶ
ˣؾٰڰ֣̾˿ֿһۣû˵ʲô
꣬һƬңԶķУ޵Ķɹ
ʼʱؾٿʼƵң̸̸٣˵˵ʫһǱ͸ʷ
һСķɹůֺĶ죬Զָֻʱżǡ
Լĺ⣬ڲĲ̡
ֱһϣҪطʱؾȴסң
л˵ܲң˵Ļ
£Ŀжϣˣжߣ
£ܾܾЦһ£ͷӦеĺѸ
죬ͿԻصˣ
ƭ֣ҵͷЦᣡ
ԽҺȺȾƣ˵꣬Լһһ˵öԣΪգֻ·һ
Ҳһƣһȸɡ
Ҳһڳıʺ㣡˵ţһŷ⣬ʹڵ֤µ֣ӴˣҪΪҵţΪߣӺʼµ
ҽŽɵĽӹŷ⣬һűֽͼڣ
һֱεĶ׵ĸң
ȾƣؾƵƵٱڵ··һˡ
ҲԲ²Ļֻһơ
죬ΪʹŵһԱȥͣεЦЦΪˮһۣѾҹıвΪΪ˲ص߹ޣϾƳϹƷͶƣ
ôô죿ܳˣܻصһǣӵĳ
ؾٻλƵվڴͷһľͷӵݸңȥ
ϻɿۣиԶװһѲذףǰѡ
ֻ̹һˣȴԼٲĵزΪ˸Ĺߺ˺ȴԼ
ؾóذףڵ¸ǷĵУÿĵףһѺɫذףʹȥȡʹȥɱˣǾ
ҵͷȷʵÿĶҲÿٲԴͷ
ˣҪĵҪĳޣҪöԷֻҪ˽Է룬ֻܲҪǣߵǸ㶯ָԻὫճɻҽ
˵հذ׽ҵУ㣬ΨһҪģԼΪ֣ȼԷеĻ棬˼򵥣Ϊ֮
Ǳذ׺䣡侲ҵӡ
ֻҪ侲ˣˣڲ֮ڣһ˽⣬𵽵ôһˣ
ԭֻһѣ
ģУ

 24 

ڶʮ
ƣǺֵһֶ
ȺңԶľ룬ĸң
ԻõĵУҵһԼ
Һ͸ؾٳҹƵĽǣ˰ҹڱҺ˫˫ȥ־ȥ棬˾ʱѣ̸˴˵ı
ҲʤһͷԵ˴ϣʶ˿Ʈҵ塣
㲻Ҫ˯ؾٶžƱܹҺһ
ͷɢң۾룬ײǰ޵ķŴ̲סҪЦԭ侲ˣҲƵ£¶̬
Ҫ˯ڴǰͷҵУ֪Ϊʲôϲ޵·
Ϊ㰮ͷЦŻشԶ׼
ǣģѵĻشңСʱһѩ·˺þҲҲңΪҴһ£ӴԺһѩʱҾͻܹµܺ£ʧѩ
˲֪λشȴ˵ΪֻҪ޵·ܹʧԼǳ˲֪ܹʧģֻֻѩضѣҰݲͬĽɫӭϲͬˣòͬףǣȴǣһԼ
ͻȻѹңԶĳҵнģؾٴĿҵ࣬ȫƽյݡ
ҾҪֱҪ˶һ֮
ͷ䣬ȳƵĺ
ΪʲôҪڼֱʱ˽һˣʱ֪ν᣿
㶵һϣĳů¯̣ʱ䣬Զ㹻ȥ˼
ɫʱţ˵ҪƷ
ҰδѵĸؾٰϣŴĻóǸɫŷ⡣
յգҵѡûб䡣
޵ζʼձŨ̫࣡
һʱת۹ȥææµµУҸļȥʹʹϹƷҪˣ
ʹջһѲ˵ľ峵űȫһɱֵģ
ڴԴůķУһ߳˳ţҿ纩ҿе㷺ۣȴʼûпؾٵӰ
ȻԸˣȷʵֵ˾ˡ
黺߳ǣһֱߵѩɽʱβİӣӣ㿴˭
ǳĺãһƬãҰ׵ĺɫУԶɽϣһƥһѩѵˡ
ӰƮҡģģҪѩ
ؾ٣ؾ
ңӰ·繣ںѹȴ֪ηй
ΪʲôҪɫ·ң
ΪʲôҪʱҲҵĿ׷Ӱ
֮㣬
֪˶ãĺɫٴأǰɻɵһƬﱻ紵ɢȴӣǸˣѾ뿪þˣ
ǵߵʱˣ
תͷޣڷѩмۣԶȥĶ顣
˵ûѩȷʵʧҲȷʵףͻᶪԼġ
ңԶıҽӴ˸𣬲ٻס
еһ֣ȴԶⰨİѩ䣬ХС
Ҳҽ껪ȥഺ٣һǵİѩǵѩжʧˣ
ڣҵǰȴֻһȼŵĳУǾǳ
ҵĳҺĳҵĻЦĳ
ң
ֻˣ

 25 

ڶʮ
һʮշߵ߾ÿͣ˹Աӭǡ
ｻУЩ̸ЦҲ뵽ǰģʲôȰƳĻ꣬Ҳʲôӵܣǰжʧһ
ôЦ
˰ʼԽԽů;ɼ֦˫
ڣһص£ǵ˳ΡĳУңĻ£ǲĴ˵ڵͶ¾޴Ӱ
ͬеĺܶ˼֣ʱ£ԴΪ˳͵̤¡
ҺͰȴֻ£ƽС
ͬǱˣŲͬĿֻˣ
Ӱܴ鸽ܵ˴õĴڹ⻯񲿵ĹԱӭӡ
һƬУȴûпϤӰΨһѣΪ
;Ͷ٣ǱڳʷסΧССԺУסԸʹڣвͬķɫͬȴĽڴƵǿʢ
кöණ˺ʹʳˣѾþӼ꣬ûйĴ㡣
һϴϣǰ̫ϹƷ鸽ơ
̫ƫǰ񲿵˳ӭӣǴΡĹǽڰʱƫ
Ȼһֱεʱ̣ȴĽš
ΪǻƫŴƵӣڵǳݡ
ǲܰͦصģǵͷν룬ֻܿվ˼ˣǴ졢϶ɫ·Ƴ͢س
Ա˽Ʒ嵥ϰ䣬ЦɽܣͿʼ磬ڵԿΧˣ̧ͷ
һƬƻͨУкܶ˫۾߿۹о壬ɣбĶ
ҿΧˣҲסˣ
ȿΪվڽɫĽǰң񲻸Լ۾촽鼤
ɫĳ겻Ӣ˲ѾΪɡ
нм֮ԵĻأ˵Ȩ㳯ҰҰıΪԭ򣬻ϲŷǳɵûΪ̫ӡ
ҵĸףȴӵ̫ӵһɡ
ֻƳһۣתͷȥС䣬ûи̫ӡ
̫ûԭܼ򵥣һɵӣôЦƵ̫ӣȴһԼֶдİ׳ա
Ϊɵ˳ܣűѡУӵΪ̫ӡ
һĿܡ
ȻҪʱȴǷҵӰУһˮ鶯Ŀҵ
۾ͷңϱĮƺӲʶ
ȴɵɵվԭأ·𿴵˹ȥԼԳ֡
һװŮŷ٣ŽڣŰɫĺĴ磬ȥǺơ
£˺컨˳꣡
£ȴ·ʲôҲûдߣվǰģǸ
ӨҼ֣Ҫȥ
ȴ·ûпңһͷת߳ƫӢˬࡣ
ӨҵǰʼģˮܿƵҪνҪ׷ȴߵһ¹ס
أڶ𣬻ҵǡ
һλе鿪ʼȴ
Ѿչ񲿵ĹԱһиӺʹ
ȷأ
һϱһصסʱڷңʧǵģЦǲǿʲôʶ
ҵ˵ͷɫԲĻҵټҲԲ°С
ͳǰѺɫذףҪӭ͵׼ˣ
˭Ҫĥ
Ҳ֪ݺҵˣ֪һˣػжĵһλÿͣпܾҼˣ
˵ͷǣȷʵ˸ӹ㣡
˵Ǳ⼣߰ߵĲ˵ڵ¶һЦݣ

 26 

ڶʮ
һҶ޷˯ϣŴ¸
дҴҵһƳҼµ˼ŮǣȴģȥңδܸҸյңЩʲô
ӨѲǸŮʱħһǿŮӣҲǺõģһҵԱļǿ۰
ǲܹ˿֣Ψһľֻз
ʱžͥԺĳҵУҺͰһ裬ǰĵȴ
ȴɫĴţеĺ
ȥͣϼ죬ҹ٣һصڰͥԺС
ҿ˰һۣȥš
źĻ˭ʶˣһİˣһҪɱҵˣһҪҵˣ
Ľ⣬ǰ򿪡
źվһɫ湫ӣͷһ鷽ŵϢںĴУ¶ů΢Ц
һˣæվӭӡ
бռݣҾȻˣϻĴڣ
һõĿˣҵվɽΪ
첽߹һץסҵ֣̫ˣڻˣ
ոӺ
ˣˣΪһԼͷӺԺƺ𣿡ֹĴţۿ΢Ŀң˭ܹ̫ˣ
ҼҲ˷ޱȣæð׼˾Ʋˣ
ƹѲŵµΪòׯƽͣӦÿΰɣ
㲻ҪңԴ֮ðջصʲôδ˵Ըɣܹæ;˵
΢Цžһл֣ȷʵ󣡡
ȸɱеľƣ¾ƱɫصĵҷԸ
һ£鷳ִȥƽĽ̷У̽ĸ׺õϢ
ãͷӦºܺð죡
ڶ£ְҽһ³ľƣ
ɫһҪʲôյĳˣ
ûлش
ȴ˵һ鲼£ҪЩ𣿶㸸ǳľҪ֪ǸλжôУеԼŶĸףôУôҵǸݺǵˣ
ҶƱֺһھƣʹҵķΡ
ûұ䣬ĸ׺òûбΪټˣűūĸײûȥֳûΪ˱ͶԾ
ףȾѪֻѪϴ塣
ǵģҳЦһҴ˷ֻΪ˽ĸ׺뿪˳˽һĳ
Ϊˣ˿ãҪЩķ˵ģĸӺڰ
Ϊҽ𳤰ƣĳλ
ĸ࣬ӰĻأ׷߱鲼ҰҲҪɵ֡
̫ȻǸɵӣȻף䱳Ļ¹ٺݵȴСĸףΪó£ֻ̫һܹĻӿ⡣
ƽΪ׵Ĺ΢ȴܹǣԼƽá
Ϊһֱҳ̸ʱǣɫ΢ʱŽ߳Ժ䡣
ΪɣȻкܶ࣬±˹˽ͨ
ȥʲô˽ã
ͷݵĸΪǰĳС
һص䣬һžֽǸؾɳǱڳ̽õ鱨
Ϊ˵һ£ûƭң
ȴΪ٣ôܱܿε̶
Ϊʼնû͸¶Լĸ

 27 

ڶʮ
ʱ鱨Ϊ뿪֮󣬾̻ϳȥ糯Ȼȥ¥صƽڴ̽Ϣ
أȥ
ȥ̫дΣ֪ģ̫ǲƶģ
̫ۼ̫Ĺصĸۡƽĸۡڸ
ȥ˭أ
ڳ˼ȴС˵ӣһ֪һ£֪˵
˵ɣʲô£
ԥһ£ѹĸ׺ãûƽ
ʲôҵͻȻӿһֲԤС
֪ԹӴ̽ϢʱںһƬһǰͱ˽ˣڲ֪٣
Ȼĵͷе鱻ˮϨѹ
ӣ˻ţҵõæοң
Ҫҳڰ֣ڣǸ÷ǱߣǱ˭ߣ
ˣǸҪǲһسģͬһ
ҺͰƣͥԺеĴֱˣһŻū˵ƽ룬Ҫڹд
ŻҵУŮŵ㣬
ȴҲһĴ𰸣Զ
Цһˡ
ΪȻƽһɵģ
ҹĻ٣˿ɪڳϿ̤˹
ƽҫ۵ķɣ˼貵ƻ𣬶ȥǵĹԡһеһУǰһûиı䡣
ǽյˣҪβܻصǰ
ƽһССĿңŰ£̻¶ԲļӺݵ̬ˣǰҼʱ򣬸Ϊ̬򷽡
촽΢¶һЦݣȻˣ
ʱ򣬹ҸӺһЩ
˿ĵЦһ𣬺αشߣֱ˵̸Ǹã֪ҽΪʲô
֪
ӽɫһ䣬һһ˵ܵһֱڵԴֻ֮Ϊֻ
ԭΪ£Цһ˵ģ֪ݣǹԸҲݾ
Ǿͺã˵ūһϻӣǴģȥðɣ
ֽӹǸľϻƺûװǳ֮ᡣ
ʱ磬빫ЪϢҼװҪˡ
ȵȣƽߵҵߡ
ƹ䣬Բ÷ˣҵôûмȻ࣡ѾǸҪεˣ
֪֮ûƻ壬˳
Ƴһۣ˭㱨㣬˳ˣҪһΣδ֮;䵽أϣܹס
ڹұ
ƹ¹˲²͸˼
ֻ㣬ڳľǸˣ
ҵ֪ΪҲ˵λ˸࣬Ǵʡɽģκһ
Ϊһط٣ûо㹻ӣôϾλã
ҲǾģ
ƽЦŵͷҵĻ֣룬ҵ˼
ʲô˼ѵڰʾݺ׵Ļأ
ҲûпܣϾְʱ׸̫ӵĿ£ȻҪȥ
һһ룬֪ʱѾŵĴϡ
̫ҹƣ·ϼûˣһլۡľ޴ɫĽֵ
Ǹڵϻӣʷķȥʱһ󼱴ٵҵ
ʱӽĿŵҹ·񱼵ĶǼ
ŷתۼ˻ǰסĹԡ
һװİŮĿᣬ彣һֲĿӸµĿҡ
Ҽ޴룬ٶ۵ò֪˵ʲôá
Ҫҽ㣬ΣգӨĿһۣޣתۼʧڽֵͷ
һǸΣҴſһ˵ĽֵʲôƮۼʣ޷Ӱ
ѩ赲ҵĽŲĵ׵İ⡣
յգֻһˣɫƮɵĳҹ·ϡ
˾ջѩ
ҵ磬ҲʼƮĴѩ

 28 

ڶʮ
һصסǸ͸ҵľϻһʱĿɿڴ
ΪװϡֵҼĶ
ǿտյľϻȴװӣ
Բ󣬷˷ۺ󣬻űҶƬӡ
ʲô˼ڵ·Цһ
ֱޣҲûӴʲô
ӣҪ벻ҳ˰ɣ֣һѶеӣ
ó𣿡
ܺóԣﲻǻһֻӣ
ңң
ͻȻ˼һ´Ѱһ
ˣҼץŰļ򣬡ɱʿȻǶɱʿڶ˵
䣡Ȼõļıڰʾң÷Զ߽⣡
ǺüƣΪ˵
ҵ龰ͻȻֲõԤУ
ӽңǲڸңҾǸ˵ն
һʮ죬鶼û˿չʹ뾩У˻ʹ⣬ûлԹӴ
ҺͰÿֻ䣬ʣµʱȥƽӣȥƹƣƤڵūľʱݡ
ӹõҲڣֻǿڸţҿʼԽ
תۼ䣬ˬһ쵽ˡ
һʹظ϶û٣ҪԽǰװɽȥˡ
ַĳʣҺͰƯȺС
ǰʮ죬ΪϢҡ
˵ĻڸдϯҲȥ˵⻰ʱŭҺƽͬ
Ϊһסҵĸ׺ÿɺã֪Ҳȥǣ
ΪĬһǿջЦǺܺãѾӣӻǰùЩ
Ȼƭң
ǾͺãҼװ˿ʱһ빫һͬȥ
ƽܺһͬǰΪóһŷ⣬Ϊ˱ӣװɣ˵ԴĻΪĽڳݼĻӣ
Ϊ˵ˣ
ű΢
ȥյ£ҵȵᣡ
Ҫβܳãܲأ
ʱڷϸױùȥϲİɫͷϴŽڣͭеңӢ˲üĿӢֱǸڳͷòꡣ
ͬǣڵңжһѺɫذף
ӣҴ룬ǵңҪȥɱ𣿡
ҵͷխ䣬ֻȥ
ҪȥɱˣűĵȾѪ࣬Ҫɱ˭ȥ
кܸжĳҵеһͿ
ɱֵˣ㲻лңͷϰԵĲ˵
ҿһ۰ŵı߳ͥԺ
յյۣҳǣ̫ȥ
·Ϻöڿңǰ޵ĿⲢ޲ͬ
ϧȥĿΪ٣յңȴ±˵עӣǴ׾ӵαװ
ĻصĸߴۡǰѾͣ˼дԹҵ
Ұף̤š
ͥԺУȴҵֽǺεȷ羰

 29 

ڶʮ
С˴ȥǰȴ˺ܶһŲͬĿݼĻӵˡ
ǰ˺ܾã۹һƳɻرһ¶ſǰˮ
ŽڣŻƺʮͣСһˮ̽ȥʮΣա
ΧıҲһˣǶĿбһߣ޶ԡ
ô£ôûȥһѣ
һôҵǰ
Ҽæһ۽Ǿͳ˳ȥæܵɻǰһקסǸ죬קˡ
ҪץңҵĻƴҪȥץ㣡
Ҫˮˣ
Ҫ㡭㡭Ŀڳݲ壬ͻ˵֡
ŷȻüĿ㣬ȴĿͣƺǸɵӣ
ôػһɵӸ磿
ͻȻһū̫ӵ£ūþˣôܵˣ
̫ӣ̫ӣ
ˣ̫Ǹɵӣȫµİ׳գҲֻᱻ룡
ôˣ
Ǹū̫ͥԺȥҲҸ棬ֻԶԶ߽
һ˽ǵͤڲո¶á
̫ӸǸū߽˽ͤһʮҵˣЦվӭӡ
Ļأ
ڶģ̫ĻӶ棬¶Ұڣ˳ַżԣԱߴȵĹŮʱҪ
£ԶԶɼصɫԽԽ䣬ƺǳͷϷ
һվ־͸һ⣡
ߵ˾ûһֹ
һ˹ȥʮ̫ץֵӺŴޡ
ֹƺȫصļҳ
ͻȻһŭؿҼ̤ʯףܵͤǰһ¹ڵϣ
С˸ӺĻĽ֮ݼ
ʲôôǰȣ˭ģشҺǳ⡣
ʹȰĻѧ
˲˵ɫԻɣתͷֶǸСС̫˵Ȼʰ㣡װɵҿװʲôʱƭȫµˣȴƭң
̫ӺŴţ缸ĺͯūԺϻźɫӡ
ҹزĿɨһۡ
ҴָҹգȻҴ鷿
ҵһ˽Ĺ۲أǸǵˣüĿ̣ٿ㣬ֻǴһ˿֮һͲࡣ
иӺ鷿һŷܣǰһѹ٣ǽһѳ
ǣҵͷӦ
Ǹ˵Ĺң÷٣ǿʢд£
ǣ
˵ִǽȡҵĳǾΪһ᲻ҶССʹҴң
ǰһһѷĽ˲ʣҵ
ҸŰѧ깦򣬼æһ
ˣΪΣִס棬̧ͷ
ҵȻһ㶣ĿоŲ˼;壡һǳϤˡ
ֻһ˲ɣֻ㻵ҵĺ£Һò״ԳǸװɵСȴƻ
ڶҪȴһŮ֣ĪɱһҪ٣
עһƬõĹУվһװŮһİɫһĽɫڣɫĮȴӨ
ҼߣȴƸġ
Өʶ
Ө̤鷿˵ٵúãһû
㻹ᵯ٣Ƴһۣ𳤽ҵĲϣȥòãͷϣ
Ǳмھ䣬ҵȴһҲûжߵߣ٣ϥϡ

ӨٮõңΪһ̣ʹҸĴҲԣοֻǵһ
߽٣ãһǧ𣡸һüˮʯ룿
ñЦƣΪȥŹʯ֪ģ
һһĳĿʼղӨңˮ˫ֿۣʼ
ûұ𣿡صʱ
ȻӨ˱죬¶Ƥ飬û絯úã
ҵһ̶һָ
ȴӨǰͭԼӰӣЦٻ⣬һȢӨģǲǰ磿
֪ЦҲ̲סһѲĳ񱼳Ǹխ鷿
ҵĶߺХսŷŶ䣬Լʵ
ҵӨӨӨѩӨ
Ȼˣ

 30 

ʮ
ʱ˿ɪ֮޵Ůŷȹڱ赸ｻӯţңԶαķ
ЩŲͬ⣬һߵȺдŶ
;лײ˾Ƶ̴ӣǽЩʲôѾ޷塣
ǽ֮գܲһͻ꣬Ҫˣ
ڷв񱼣ǰģһƬû·;ķ򣬵ȵʶʱȴվƽΡ⡣
ҹɫɺעУϨĵ׵̻
һƬƮҡУԶĽֵϣһлĶ顣
ɫεūźĹƣޱ
һڻԻ͵ҵͣ֯ĳһֻֻ¶ƽ欵
ڵҹɫУ͸Ļóɻҡ
ңӨǲǷˣƴѹסеıʹ
ƽȴͷֱ֮ɫûлشҡ
ΪʲôΪʲô˻ߵĳˮˮ֯һɬζ
ȴҡҡͷ촽΢̾һ䣬ʱǽעҪجˣ޷ӱܣ
˵³ݶׯ񣬻嶣УڲסŨŨİ
лĶннԶϲ칬Ƶĸ֮ۡС
һˣ㶵վ֮£Ȼϴ
ӨȻˣ
ΪҵȥС鲻ظֻýԼڱ޷󼰵ĵطС
ѲҹĸùʱҲǣ̤صĻˮʧǵʷķȥ
ɫʯשĻˮУелĻ꣬࣬ȥգҹһжĻزУ
ֺγˣĻ㳯Ϧ䣬쳾Уķ꣬
żżִţ
صǸССԺԺұոӳĬʱͰһҲ˵˼仰
ӣˣҵһοĵЦ
ʲô˼
Щһɱˣ
ɱʲôӣ
ûйâûϣ
Цһ£Ĺά
ǵģұˣĵһѾüӲ۵ҵ˭ҶҪҳֶεĽݻ١
¸ٶ࣡
ˬʱصļūʷ˰
ҵȴľһ̣ؾڳ̽Ѿĵϸ߰˰ˣŶأһ㣡
ƽȻҲ˽ĸ磬ԲŻڰǰǸҹҡ
ֻңΪ켺ĹߵҲںΪ޵Ļѽҷٻ١
յңѱ˷ĵûаġ
ԺֵĺĵΪˣ۵ĳĵĸʱſڴһɧ
һŻɫ۵˵סͷϵ⡣
ڳЦӢԴ˪ȫ㱩֮һֻӥżңԶɽϣ£³צԼĲãա
ˣ۽ǲ˲մ۵֣˸
Ȥˣ¹Ц಻һˣϴôżңҲӭӣ
СĺĵҪˣȥҴңô
΢Цҡ
ϣһңʲô˵ǳĽƵĻ
ͨ壡
ɣ
һˣһѩеˣյĸؾ٣γעӹҡ
ȴû뵽Һصսֻп̣ȴûվ֣
ȫµβ֮ʱûһӮңȴ

 31 

ʮһ
ƮëĴѩʱѾظеĳ͡
˭֪ĻضһĻţһǰʹӺ
ҾŻ·ƽĸ˵ڳĴ˺ϳŽڻԻ͵ĻҡУϿҵ˵ĿбģĽҶں
Ƕʲô
֪ҵǧٿףѪҺ¶ȣαķ֮ͼ
ӺЪϢɣش߳˺ص
ķ磬亮䣬һŵܹ赲ҶŴƮɵѩ̾һ
ʲô躢һңĿЦ
ϧЦǶңȴöһˣҵ͸
ľǸˣڱң
ŶǸİɣԻ˳
Ҹ׵ľǺƣ
Ҳں˾ˣ㣡
ģеĹŶʼǵĹϵ飬رЩᶨĻҲʼԼѡ
ϵôЦ̵ĴܳܵסϵĺˮȴΪһѨ߽⡣
ʱڳʷһլװλȫһƶѧꡣ
ЩȷʵЩ˵Ĳ෹˺̸ܶʣֻԼֻ֪ҵ۾У԰Ρ
Ϊһ裬һһɵõŮˣ
ֻǸŮһۣصҲƽΪηѾĻ͵ߡ
ΪΪԼӮɣ
ֹ˰꣬ȸ仨ͷʱЩԭصµĳѾкܶЧУðԵˡ
ˣС˽ҲҪ˵һ䣬˹ڷԼڳкܶ룬ܹأ
Ӻ˵ʲôⴺң϶ġ
Ȱأ
ȥɣЩ£ûа취еӣһſڵϵĻš
˲ӦС˾Ͳߣ
س̾һüҵӺΪô죿ǲǸøϯϽʷϵ
ѪҪٿѪ˵һ䣬̧һӣٿǸʿһۡ
Եū˻ݵǸԵȥԹϴ³áҵģ
ôɵΪԶԿȨƣݺ۵벻֪Ļ𻨣֮Ϩ̸Цδ
һֱصڿտΰĹУ÷ƽϢ
Ӻ̧ͷһۣ㿴ʲô
޽Ѿ˰׷еƣֻһ˫ۣǡ
ɣˣ
ֻңһӣЩ˱涼˵ǻ۳ȺǸ͵µĻӣŹ鸽ңʵϣǲΪеȨƣͼı
֮飡
ľ֣ش֮ǸɵΪ̫ӣҲԸңһʧɣԲŲԸҶ䣬֮£ˣվһͶһУûл㷴ѡ
ǲȥΪһʧƣҲ͸Ҫǣ
ȴ˶ңӪҵջʱѾʴʱҲĻһΣ
˵궢ĿңӺ֪յ㣬ľ仰ң
ҡҡͷȻ֪
վ£һݵĺĵ˵ȥҴңôΪǾ仰ΪԼһЩ£
˵պ˿ڲ裬ҶģԳݵƣ̬
ҴɡŽ£ϸдǱء
ͥԺУߴ£ֵūóͷϵѪҹŵһſڵϣ
ʺѪҺ޹Ĺ
ôϧʻ׾ʧ
ǽƾˣֺγվΪ˵һ仰
ɣʹǻҲ˽̣ģ
ϸƮЦһյĳУָ쵳˰ɣ
ں쳾ȥ׷룬ĽŲмܹ쳾ĴΣ
һֻأѣұˣֻһµųͺá

 32 

ʮ
ǵϸ꣬ǳƵĳµĳȴûбҵ黳
ﻹһƬƻߣɶѵ־ЩڵĴʱƮḡӺЦܵ˿֯һ
һ˳ɡڼ˵ĽֵϣһѾߵķ䣬иĽ֪źִĹ¡
ǵͺͽͣϡ죬Ǿ߱ƴյľʱ
ȥİǲҲֳѪϷأ
֪˶ãʷǰȴһ󵶷滬һɱϮ
ҼæеɡסǷĵУɡһ±룬ίС
ǸӺ𣿡ߵİ߳ʮµĴ󺺣ƺǴ̿͡
£һİγе彣
֪ˣôһѷİ
Ի֮Уȡ
ɱһ˶ѣûʵɣδ䣬Цδһһˡ
ΪǿǰȽҵƵ֮
Ĵ͸壬ѪɽУʮһӵϡ
ǰ˲˸ĹâҪȡ
ƴĵֵҪϻǰ˼
˵ıô׵Щһյҵ䴩ӣһӳȺİΧʷȥ
ϸҵ˫ۣˮ赲ҵĽŲһƬУһŵڷѰҳ·
׷ңǶͻĻһ̵ڵء
ҵ֧ʱխİǰĹâУ߳һձˡ
һòªˣͨļūƽͰꡣ
һˣһȥˣ
ӣһѷסңһңʲôҲҪʲôҲҪ룡
Ҫ㣬Լеģ
ǣһµЦҾͺã
СӰӻӭЩ׳ˣҴվУѪȽֻǰһجΡ
ֻüӱǰĲ˵žһƬѪɣͷأ֫ϡ
һڹ⣬һ䵶Ļ俪
֮ݿ࣬˲䵹£Щƺûüֿͱ
İڶϸ꽻֯һƬѪˮ˱ǣˮСϪҵĽ¡
֪˶ãϸâҹ·ϣֻаһ͵Ӱվһ߾߲Ƶ˵ʬ塣
ѪͷҹһЦӣǻؼҰɣ
ҵһοɱˣħĻ
ɱ֣
߰ɣҷЦһ£ȥ
˭ɱ֣пüĿ
֪ҿЦҡͷɱҵ̫࣬˭пܣ
ôЦΪ˱ңҲ˸Ķ
ȷʵҪĻԼҪȱˣͳĶ˵ӣģֻҪ⵶ڣͲܹȡ
ҹеĳһ̤ĿǰסҺͰȥ·
һƥ羫㻮ƺڰһӢˬŮʪ͸һֱĵҡ
ǷĹâǲĮ
ӨҲķȥĵ˺ͷŵĿ־塣
ӣæֹҡ
ſңһ˦֣Өķ߹ȥһ׷ѰΣǰӶ
Өβûȥҿ
Өϲ߹ȥСĵ֣ҵϣˮʼܿƵӿӨô꣬㻹ðɣƽ˵ˣҪ籨˳һߣ뿪ǻҸû˵ĵطصϡ
һû˵꣬ͻȻüһʹһɲ⴩͸ҵļ
ϵӨԼ彣Ĺâûҵ
ҵˮΣˮ۾ͨ죬ΪʲôҪΪʲôҪ
ҿ಻岻ܿƵĵȥǰѹŽҵг룬ɽѪȾ˰ë
Ϻ䣬Ϻʹҵʶģ
Өתͷɣ̤ϸˮʧɵС
ͷҲصңһݵ
ҵƴķȥȴһ˫ֲڵĴ֣һ£ͷҵˣ֪ʱ߳סұָ

 33 

ʮ
һ˫ɫ۾һ˿Ц⿴ҡ
ؾ٣ôˡ
ڳСˣʲôģ
㿴˲ǡվһ֮ӿؿڣʷеļˣһûкõ³
Ǳ米סããлʮ졣
ʮУҿصĿϵңһҲʶˡ
ΪҲˣҵ֣㲵ָҽĻΪȴ
ȻģǸؾɫ۾ǰȥ
ָȥһֱ벻
Өһûд̵ؼĲλ԰ԺѾܹڴϺˮˡ
ؾһֱûߣɴϲѣһֿϷ鿴ҡ
ô뵽ʱ
˵㵱صĻţ㣡
Ц⣿㲻ǿжɱң
ؾˣüҪСİʧƣ㽫ǵһˣôȦף
ȥ֮ʱᲮȻҪʾЩ֪ҽӽʱѾľ
ؾˣɫɲǸð취
󽫾ôʱ䲻Զܵ˲ݵˣԶ֮ͣͼ
ؾ̾˿ȻҲҵķգ֪һ̵ֱĻʺȻǸŮˣΪʲôܶꣿ
ԭ㻹ǵսʺܱ
սͲڽսǲһüЦϧǰ̣ȴ֪ȥ򣡡
Ҳ¡ҿյЦڷղ֪Ͷ˰ɣ
ǰؾٳ̾λʸΪʺ󣬸иಮ٣ǻϵͺѲ²ˣ
ţȷʵѰ죡ӵûбΪʺµĻʺһǺ㣬ⲻǸûʲô
Ҫʲôܹյ׾ͺˡؾüͷڤ˼롣
ؾ٣룡ܲܽڸ𸴣
յףڻֻҪܹϵģһж˳
ʥѿҪôܲ²һأ
һֱ˼£Ϣֲ֧
ӣ֪𣿺öฮۡĴˣΪΣĲأ
Ҳ·飬ϧȴƫƫ󣬲Ըˣ
˵ǹ㰲룡
㰲Ȼ
ǺǺǣЦûв´Ļ̿Ͷɳģ
ҵļλʹӨһȴָϣ
ǸҹΪʵڲһȫķӣװʧȥǣȻԭ
ǶΪԼ˷񣬸ıħ޷ˡ
Уһ̤Ͳ԰ΣֻܳУֱȼ
㰲Ȼ⣬ΪһŮˣôܹѰ֧䣿

 34 

ʮ
Ҵȥ򼸸ʰһ£׼š
յĳжһŨŨĻ㣬ʹ˳
ΪʲôҪҪ͸㰲𣿡
ҳЦһ£Ҵˣҽͷ֢֮ҩסһҪ֣֮һȻǾ䱦У
¶߳ȥεĳаϲ
һûͷʱǾͱȻҪԼͻƵȱڡ
ڣҵĵһͻƿѾˡ
̿ͱɳͬʱζŲ㹬УѾ˰಻סɱ⣬¶Ȼ
㰲Ĺеҡ
ΪƵһˣֻббڹϣһǳصİ£ѾĿѣԡ
ǰʧȥ˹ԣ۾ʶ£ǿ貵̶ˮɶջ
ǰȻ޴룬ɫ֪Ǻá
Ӻ㰲һۣ۽޶һ£ǽ޵ĺ£ס˳
СˣҼæͷ˭˵ҵ۾֮
˵ĸߵúܽ
СɻӴ࣡
Ҫ˵Щ׻Цһ£紺յһӭÿӽ˶ԼĿģҲûȤ֪֮ͼֻһ
С˽̻壡
ĵЦ۲תҪˣʧȥҲ࣡㲻Ҫˣʾȥ
вҶԼĽΪ
һ˳ƫȴߵɢżűʼҵľֽ
ƹӳŤīȴͷһ亹Ӷͷ
һŮ˾ıʼдһ׺ʫ
ʷϣ׾Ǻף
Σиˣ
ܽò⾲
ǧţ˭Ϊ
һһ䣬ʹҵ顣
̫⣬˺ϣƽŮŽصĻҡУ˿ɪƮҡ
һƬֵľ˼ѵһʤȻҵģȴĿķбñ䡣
©ʲôأڹ㰲Լ
ŵĳﷻв಻·һ޴ķɶ꣬մմϲУֲõľС
һص˳ʷؾϵңɫ۾ϲãüЦҡ
ģҲó
ܰĽͺã
ŪĶһȥЩƷ͸ϣ
һ˳ƷȥҲʵƽ
Ȼ󿴻ϰصĶδ͸˭ǾóҲǣпܵϻʺһ
ҵЦȡĽȽ⣬Ҫ˰ɣҹһɣ
ãؾ²ѡ˺ӡ
ؾ٣˵֮Ϊʱ㾡ȴǻᲽأһ߻ӣһ
ΪִߣΪӣϵọ̈̄˳ᢣⲻУνԣˣ
ǵһ̽գȴ֣ǵٿһ̣Ǹüµأ
ؾٿһۣҵľ飬أ˭Ҳ²˶ۣ
ŵµ֣ĲɣѰవ
ҪһƬǽתΪʤ̸ף

 35 

ʮ
ڶ죬컹ûؾپͶˡ
һǶڱҹ̸ŵĳҳĵطܹʹػȴһȨ
Ůӣŷ̵Цݿµµ顣
⣡ؾϸҷһ֮ǰĿ˵ע⣡
עҵȴΪҵĺѣһڵˣ
ĸãһǰ˽ˣͷ
ͷûκμɲ飡
һ⣺˵˭ĸؾٽڶָƽģְʾأǵڶ⣡
ҿһۣĴԶ׼Ҳ켺Ҳⱻãʱ䲢Ҽȴ
һΪж󣿡ؾüһǵ⣬̫Ӻؿƽ˭
˿ʼԣȻˣΪʲôЩмʱȴûпǵࣿ
еĸأؾڵƻ£ңܲµó𣿡
ʵвõԤУҴӹ㰲Ժ󣬿ȴȥһڡ
أΪı㣬ϲİΪ֪ûкûбΪ̫ӵԭ򣿡
ûСֻ˵϶Ĵ١
ؾͷЦе㻬ҽֻ֪һڣʵϳȨ֪࣡
ҵ˼ڷɿת֪ҵĿģȴΪһУ
еʱһССϺۣҵѨ뿴˭
ֻ֪һѨ򵥣
ڤڤ֮УغܸҵĵֿҺ˷ܵ񣬵ǿϣһƬﻨ̹֮;
ȼؾٴ峿ĳȥ
ڷɢҲһ𣬲֪ټҽ£һ֮
ι˼ô죿
Ҽ۾ˬʵĴЦ֪λȥҪŮˣɲó
һ䣬æֶףܲһЦɣ
һЦ֮תۼ䣬ĽֵϾͲӰֻ೿
ҳ̾˿˺ȴֻʣһ˶ѣ
ӣ̿һģѹԴ˲ðǣ
ҵͷ߽Ժ䡣
ֻҪҿϢһųŵĳĵ⣬ӰŷҪҵѪҪҵĹ裬ǵĺ⡣
һ컹ˡ
Ƶ֮ǰľȻƽ˵Ҫڹᣬȥμӡ
ʲô˼
űֽ񿴵˹˵Цѵ֪ҹϵԶҪٴȤ׾ӵֶκķ
ĵϷ·Լ˲еӣʹȥһ̣Զ֪Ӯ
ҲԶ֪ЩʹӵУյĵơ

 36 

ʮ
ʱӱܣһеյףֻǾ˼շתߵҹӾ͵ˡ
óõ·ϸϣִ׹ķڣһУʹҸһļˡ
ǲʷеСˣŲΪ֪£ԲŻʹ󣬰Щν֮ʿŪڹƣ
ӣǡҵЦֹ
˵ҵӣҲɱң
˱죬û˵ȥˡ
ҺİֺϤŵ£һУѾʹı仯Ҳףе񣬶Դûɵа
Ļ䣬֮ϣָ𷱻ȴȥעǲʻ࣬ộ
ƻͨ׳ΰĴţӳĵøӵĻԻ͡
߹ӣߣſλỤ̊Ҵ԰
ҵһƽĴһʱסˣͷϸ߸ߵ񷶥ǽϷڻǮͭɺףԽıӺʵڲһų
ƽûбջӣλϵǸճɵɵ̫ӡ
ƽĽЦеܵܵߡ
߹ӣߣŮȻСǻǱԵıˣ̼һƬĿ⡣
ЩһѰѵӣޣ޲ôҵϸ
ǰ·ûоͷУǸŮڲͣĲ˹̺ϻǰС
ҵλģʾ𣿡İǰŮͣ
һͷȴΪЦĿң鲻
ֻһϯϣЦǸλ
ǰΪɹ񲿵еЦݣǳʺϿϷ
ʲô˼С
֪ˣΪ˵ſ˿Ϸ
ȻǶȿȥڵƻӳ£ϸ߸ϵĻ壬һĿȻ
̫λƽұߣ»ӣȻǿյġ
ҿ˿ˣͻȻЦ
ЦʲôΪֵҡ
ˮݵˣȴҪװ޼Ϸ˵Ц𣿡
ǺǣǺܺЦΪҡͷ˿ھƣ׸ƵǣǸЦ˵ˣζԼУҵֵ˭
ƺһ˲ÿɬסҷ
ʲô᣿˵ƽãȴ֪жǺأ
Ǻ磬ǽ˭
֪ΪεҡͷСรΪ
ҿƣЦŶ˵㲻õģȱǺ磬ҲӲģɸǣ
ΪҡͷЦȫǰ緢ıƺˡ
ұΪֻıһˣղŷǺ乫ƽ
ÿˣֺγĻأթأ
˵һ룬һõĴӱƮһź£ĵεŮߵµһλūķ£̬򷽵
Ů̬ĸ߹һһӺݵζҰ̬Ƕĵһɫ
ҿŮһ¾ʹסˣϵľƱһ㣬Ūʪ˴۽ǡ
ΧĿˣҲһˣУһĿ࣬ǿһֻгֵĻӰ
⣿Ǿ𣿡Ϊҡ
ǡҵͷСĵķ¾Ʊ
ֿʼʹǰ仨Уǧ£ӨҲ߸ߵķٺĿңҲ޵ĺĵȹҡ
ȥյңȴ޷ҲȢ
һ裬γٶҺЦ
ƣӣˢഺ˺⣬Ҳֻܸ꣬վںӵװ˴˲ʶ·ˡ
۷׷ף˵𣿾ķ財һҹ֮ˣ
˵ǵõǰ˵Ѷ
Ǹŵĺ֮𣿡
ǵģ˵ǰһʱ˱ѩصİˣ
ҵ֣òסƱ
Ϊ˵ԵʣӨˣ
ѾȫҾǶҴĵ׿ԲŻָŮװһеȴϣ
һֻůסңΪۣ˷ܵĹ⣬㿴ôȤ˶ľһϦ֮ˣ֪ʲô·
¶ϸ߸ϵ̫ӣǸʮ꣬ץһӣŪ֭ˮ졣
оһµ뷨ɵʮ̫ӣ᲻ҲһϦ֮䣬þޱأ

 37 

ʮ
һλã֪˭ģΪߺȾƱʵǸŵλ£Ȼģ˭
û˵˿ɪ޵ĸŮ룬ָ
ϸ߸ϵƽƺĺãһչǲĵܵܣһص٩̸Цݹ·һҲʶˡ
ƺľݣʲô¶᲻ֻϣĿĿֵĸ衣
һҹ˥ȥȫһ˵ģ
ĻӣĲˡΪ̾˿ζĿһۡ
ĿɽҿµΣȻȴܲԾʶأġ
ǿĻһϦ֮㵹ȥ
һߺȾһ˼ת۾ƹѲǸµȻţӨµһߣޱһĺȾơ
ǸĿĵĳԹ󣬽ȨƵ㣬ȴһ˶ƣڻԻ͵ĴУм䣬ȴ·˵Ľ䡣
СĹȻǸλ
Ʊϯ˵ĿӨķȥ
һ£żȵɫԶԶıһߣⲻȥҡ
ֻҪһƣͺã
ֻҪ˵һ仰Ҿ㣡
ӰҵĿԽԽԽԽˣҴʱһٲµꡣ
ԼϲŮǰ޴룬׾ޱȡ
ǻûߵӨǰ߸ϵƽͻȻٱЦյľ籾Ϊ㰲Уǹ΢ƣǰףԸҵù㰲Զ޴ʳ·;ƽ̹ǡ
Զ޴ʳ㰲
㶵վԭأžƱϵأҲڼĿңҪҵҳ𰸡
Ĳ԰ףɫ޷Ϊݶɫ΢΢Ļһ£Ҫ
ҼæҪȥȴܿˣûпһͷȸ˱оơ
ҵУͻȻɬޱȣյ
ƽȻһƬƽУ޵صһ֮ǰرʹ
һͷıͣǵĿҲȫζˢˢĿصķ
ֻģоģкġ
ؿͻȻޱȣЩˣǲȫ֪ûбΪ̫ӵԭ
Ƕűߣȴ͸ĪϲãǿѪĿ⣬·ڤĶ
ν˼ˣ
ͻȻһ󼱴ٵקҵǣһӴ󺺣ֳֵһ裬һС
ǽıݿʼˣ
Ĵ̶ӨǰԶĵطǱոյţͻȻĻѾĹȥ
ȻתҪλʱһƮȴڸסĹϸϸĴҵĶС
磬Өһ𣿡
һ£ȥӨһ£ׯڿϣεҡ
һΣ
ΣϣҪʱ֣
ҵʶеĿǣ岻ܿƵķȥ
˵ɽϻŮܹԻˣʳ裬Ļȥ
룬ԼеŮĸԸĽı˰׵УȱɱңңҲԹԣ
ֻİ

 39 

ʮ
Ƕ˵Ȩƾ̨ףԽߣԽú䣬Ҳ𽥵ģʧԼ
Ҳ̨֪ǲҲǻƽֻ֪̾ͣߴʤǱڶԷĵ´
ɥ֮Ȯ
һҵĽոմǴ󺺵ĺģͷһС
һ˫ѪۣңͲʵŤǼһΪԾ顣
̫ӣߣҼæڳ±ѵ̫ӣһѰƵ˽£־ӵ㵽˴Ľ䡣
ӺӺˣͷɢҵվҵĶ棬㣬ɱӣ
ȻǸҵУȻҲû
Ծӳ򰵵Ӱ˫еۣϤ
һ˲䣬ҿ˳仨ɶĴѩ˱ɽ˱ڵĺˮ
Ҿһ˲䲻֪ںδʱ⵹ֻص֮ǰֿǰѩж̸Цˣ˴ٲܵü
ϡƽҲʣ𣿡
ͻȻŭһźͺݺݵĳ˹
Ҽæ̧һֻ߸첲ѹ
ǾһһĶµ־乭ȴûһ˸佣ʧ˱ˡ
ƽûдֽŻңҲųٶۻɬ
סҪҶȥƽĴ
ͻȻϲóⶸһһʽޱȣȴûʹ
˵ƽһ߻ųһСңĸ׺ãѾҽӵ
ҵģһ쳤ĵУһɱ֣ӦþڸȻװܣԻ˽㣡
ƽͻȻЦһһֵҵĳתµ־
һʱľٶˣֻƽһѳһѪ⣬ħ㴩ЩŽɫ׵ʿС
һѰѵļ⵶Ƥһì͸ļ⡣
˲һѪˣȴɻУĵֿ
ҵнˮģҵֳôڶҵǰ
뵽ǣһĨҵЦݣųͳ½ݡ
ƽۣһֱңѪУͻȻЦһ£˵һ仰һ±ߵһì͸˲
ȵѪ˿籡мνҵϡ
ͻȻûͻȻתһ¹ڵϣͬʱƽҲ˲㵹ڻĲ˹̺ϣʧȥ۾ҵķ
ˣҵĵܵܣ
㶵ĹڵϣЩʿǰʬƾɵһߡ
Ѫϥ£֣ץǽѪĵָ̺ס
صСʱƽŹżΪι˻ȡأΪξأΪӵҪͨԼ֤أѵҪ𣿡
ΪеʱһЩǰ΢ΪԼĹңΪе
УҪˣ

 40 

ʮ
ڻԻ͵ĴѾһƬǽ壬ѪȵζֱضǶ֫бۺ˵ʬ壬˵ڰһ㱵ӵеĸֵԺ̤ʬŵķȥ
˭קҵĸ첲һ˦ִˣػеסңҲһƿ
Ѫšǲ߳
Ũصҹɫ£һڴҡ
ӣӣȥˣǵһ£æңƴѣǶûʲô
ڵֻȥһط˭Ҳҡ
ҹ䣬ȴҵһĺ䣬ұڳĽֵϣƱǣֻصСʱ
ǸʱҺƽᳯĹŮӴڣڳ仨򣬻ž׸Ĳѧա
Ϊʲôֻһתۣʲôأ
˭ңΪλΪ˲ãΪ˲пᣬɵľܶȥбһУ
֪˶ãҲܵ˹·ľ׸
סǼںɫӳ¸ĴۣһɫĴţͻѵڵϡ
ʯ䣬ұϥţ㶵Ϥš
ƽ֪ģʹˣҲһصյļңٿһۡ
䣬ۣ᲻һ£һûõĵܵأ
֪ⷺףƣ׸ſ߳һֵĲ졣
һѪǲ壬ң֪Ӻδܳʷķȥ
һĳҲѹֲסʹʧʹ
ģǿԾΪʲô
ӣ㲻εЦһ£еɱֻ֣һ·ûõķԲãǣ̫ˣԶҲ޷Ϊѡɱֵ죬ѾԼˣ
ǰȸֿ֣иָװͬɫղõ¡
һת䣬ҾͶʧԼҲʧӵеһС
죬ɶѡЦ
˭˵ģΪеĳȴԲԣҰããӣ
һƬ
ոջصʷľӴصĳʷƽūЦĵҡ
ҾͻȻһ˲ݣСˣЩȫʿ
ȾԼֳѪĻδ£ҪһӦǡ
һֱϦ£ҲŵƬ̴ϢŹغãȱκݷãҲҪţ
ߵһͷԵڴϣͷʹޡ
֪˶ãĸŪҵͷƺᣬҲʹҾѡ
˭һµѾеذס
һƬǸڴأ¹ϣŻʹҿݡ
ңΪ
ôˣΪʲôƵƣ
ҪƵƣЩ˵ߣ֪ԽԽã
ҿӰɣôĪַʲô£
Ҹո֪һ̿ͣƽƺʹжϵͲʱҶҪˣ
û˵ҵĻ𣿻Ϊºйأ
ʲôҲ˵˵Ϊ˵ǵʬ壬ȫھ׸ź󷿣Ҫˡҵ˼㶮
ûע⵽ΪǺʱ뿪ģߵϢ
Ѿ֪ԼһҪȥʲôˣҪƽߣǸۻĵطãҲҪʬǣĸߣ

 41 

ʮһ
׸Сﳤ
۶һһοǸͣʬ
Сʱǲҽӽİˣòϯţķľϡ
ͬˣͬû
ǼӣưܶªżҽٻﳹҹĹ֫ʬ塣
ζû뵽ôһ죬ƽһɭµĵط
ҴŰͰ磬׼һϸ鲼̤ɫˡ
Ǵȫڵ·úڲ̿һڳǰɽͰõıȫѬڵɫ
СĵıܹѲҹ˵۾ǽڵӰﴩ󣬺ܿ͵˾׸
žڣûвֵҹΪû˵ô󣬸Ҵŵ⡣
˿˺ţҴŰСĵȥ
ߣᳵ·ǰ棬ܿǼڰͣʬ
ҹܰӰסһܺõʱ
ͣʬǰиͷڵ´ֻʬʱ򣬲Ż˿ء
ҳ˸ƣһСʯͷಡһȥǸͷƺһͱˡ
ŵͥԺ䣬Ϣֻ
ҺͰ磬ȴȫվںڰĵطǰ̤һ
̫Ҳ̫˳
ĿУ·ǱҰ޵ĺ
᲻һ壿˵ͣ
ҺͰոսһͻȻǰ洫һҵĽ˭ǰİ
һӵҶ̶
ǲǰ˷ˣҲߵİһѹҵļ򣬰ҵͷݴ°ȥ
¶մʪҵߴܶ˴ҵĽŲƺͣʬһӽ
Ȼ壡˿̧ͷӦûˣ
ǰģǲǰ
ᣡͷЩݰôܺͰཻлῴӰͲˣ
ǲǰȡʬֻ˭
ûʱϸ룬æͰܵͣʬһľϣ˵ķʮʬ壬ɲȫݵĴ󺺡
Һ׵ľҵƽʬ壬ݣ彩Ӳ۾أš
ңƽʬûҺɫ鲼ãϸİıϡ
ߣŰոҪϳȥͻȻһȼŻƳգ˽
Уǰ濪·
ɻȰ㲻ͣǷѾȫܹʬܳͥԺ㵽һӵİǡ
Ǽªͣʬ˲죬洫սʬŻζ
кܶಶӺԺ˳ˮȻҹҳһš
ҺͰܵ棬ںڰǽǴŽӦǡ
˭ŵĻ𣿡ྪδͷճһƬ𺣵ľ׸
˭Цһ£ɱ˵ˣ
ǲѾˣ
ҡͷЦɱֵˣȱˣʬҲмɲ飬Ҫʬ𼣲У
ǳĴֿ˿米ϱƽͻȻɬޱȣ˵û޷
ʬ嶼Źοһŵˣ
ӣһ죬ˣҲǧҪΪʬǰİͻȻͷЦһ¡
˵ʲôҳôҪ˵Ļ
ҡͷЦЦǰ棬͵ӰҪҹɫû
ıӰͻȻֲõĸоҪߵһңԶĵطԶ޷󼰣ԶҲ䳰ȷЦ

 42 

ʮ
ƽһĿˣʬȻأһߴŴһ߸ڰУŲԽԽء
ҪСģͻȻͷŭһЩŻһûԶǷ֣ⲻһ鷳
Ǿ˳ϸ˼䣬;Ųں档
ۿʷǰ棬ɫҹУ¥翶ãĲʵ
ǺֵǣǸߴȵ¥£Ȼվһˡ
˺ܵһʳˮ̺ڡաա̡
̺ϵĻ𲻶̣һɢҹС
ǰİͻȻֹסŲĲ˵ָڡ¸¡죬ڼžҹµڡ
ҲŻİγ彣һİȴĿࡣ
ʲôˣСʰȴɫһ
Ѿȫƽʱĳģϴı飬۾˷ܵĹ⣬Ѫޣ˿ޱȳ嶯
ӣңĶǰˣ˵һˣڶǰҵָ
ǣҲɽ𣿡
˵ͷһɱ֣šζû뵽󣬻ٴκ֣
ҪҲ֪ȻЦˣʤ
һ䣬Ǹ῿¥µˣķˮ̺̤ʯ·͸ҹ߹Ų첻
ӵĽţڳ˹ơ
ǸȴԼҵĺԺɢһеߵǰ
Ǹӣ
Ǹӣ
΢Цӣ
һµĵۣЦúͰݣǾ޴ĵ̣ݹʹЦݣǵףһޱȹ졣
ʣλǸӺ߽гҲԣɳǳ֡
ҾǣҺźڲΪûܹҿֲı顣
ܱǸ˳ǮȡҼ۸񲻷ƣ
ЦţͰ׵ĳ˸
ٷϻҸոսһ룬ͻȻǰһֻü˲䵯һ¹ֱš
Ŷߡһ죬ǰһһĲ˵ҵš
ǸĹӣһеĹӣ밢⵶һ
ҼæûԾһ£ɵĺڲϢƮڵأ֮µĻҵļƳ
ӣû°ɣ缱æǰ档
û£˵ţȴһѪҵϣǰһڵңǲǻᱻǿµıԴ
𣿡ǸĿ˿ֿ˿ңһܺõĻҵıܹģ֮£ûм
ֺˣǵڶοıУ˵
ǸӺܾɵϸǰİ¶µЦݡ
źԤ׵ģǰһǸ˲ƹһֱֱҵš
׼ҼæٽͬʱİſҸ£ֱȡĺġ
ȴ˲תĽǶȣһƫù˰ĵҵһȴȫûʧȥ׼ͷ
ӲľŽסһǳģһ쳣ɣ仨Ҷ
һв
ȻǸĹһ㣬ͻȻһƫųоҵֱۻ

Σһһ죬ʹìһ˳ȥؿڡ
ͬʱĵҲˣòȥһ
գҼæһ֮ǰУסһֱۣ亹ִҵıð
״ҲߴҲȥ

 43 

ʮ
ߣһǸ˶һһ߷Ը硣
ҲŲأɶʶʶҵսµĲ֪٣ȻˣǱųصʬ壬Իɬ
ҼæҲٽȥǣһսţ˵ĹӾȻȫҵķк֮죬˴벻
һнһУˮҽֻϲͣð亹ԽԽأձϣɭɭƺȫסң޴ѡ
Ͱ磬ͣİҵסһµĹǣע
ˣһǲԱþȫǵֵˣֻһϣϾͶ˺ü˺ۡ
ѾŵѪȵζԼѪɽǰ
һµجΣҲҷһСģܿԼĶ֫ڵϡ
ߣͻȻһĽĲ˵ڶαסֻĹѾմѪĿ־塣
ӣ缱æһѷסҡ
УҪһߣѪҵֱ£Ȼ壬ʹҵּòס
磬ߣͷЦһ£سʷһȥһȥģ
ңĿ˰һۣĿеɡ
ߣĺְ̫ţ磬㻹𣿡
Ҳߡƴĳҹɫеİ֣ҪҹûֻҪһ񣬾Ҳ
Ƕ߰糤̾˿İһ壬ҵ죬ɿ
ֻ˫أ߷Хʯ·ǰɿ컬
֪˶ãͷԲŲѣΣѾҴ˾סĵطüһȥѪҺɺԣմϵ·
ûüʱǣڵһİҴ˿ڣű˼ʮ£Ҫȥڽϲɣ
סģСĵ磬˵𣿡
ģһģ϶ĵ˵ͷתȥΪϴմѪĲƬ
ıһһʣƴס
ҵᣬҲƲˣϢĻ
ˮǧƬУϡּĳڱĴѩУˬʵĳЦ
ӷģֻҪ⵶ڣܹ㡭
ǣǰ⵶Ҳ޷ˡ
ǳЦݣҲ
ȱҽǧεĻͷҲῴһֱĬĬĸģ͵Ӱ
ҺͰ磬һҹδߣеļūǽֵҹ
©һ㣬ŵϢ
ǽģɫľţɾĵû˿
һȥȴڼǵȴΪӰ˺ۣһŸѾΪҺƽĹء
ˣƽôˣ
ñˮţգʬҲԽԽݣεʱȷʵǼȴ
ҺͰҴҵĲɹһùײģƽڳĽɽͷԸǡ
룬һ죬ιǸڰһֱݺǵˡ
ƽһҲ뿴
ʮȥһɷƽ˾㰲޵ӾҪˣҵעзĺסûٹעһĿˡ
ֱһ죬ҺͰڽϿһ׸ĸʾ˵ڳַ˺ӱ߷һʬ塣
һˣָ֣
һ˲ӣ

 44 

ʮ
Ǹĵ磬Ҳ֪ô߻ġ
߻ŰҵĶӣһˣ벻ҪΪʬ
̫ˣôǹҲ֮һ֮˽ʬİĵط
ΪΪ¡
ǵڶ죬Ҿȥ˾׸Ͱһ𣬹˰ʬ塣
Ϊ飬ľ׸ҲȨ¡
ʬѾ˺ӵˮףȫǣһŵϢ
ϸİѰý׵鲼ãڻҼȥһĹء
ᣡЦ˵ͺûһ
һֱݵģҸůķ棬ǰȴҲԵ硣
ǰ˵׳˲ʺɱ֣ΪǽʱһƬ飡
ҸЦһ£壬ȴסҵ
Ƕ˵ֱѰúõᡣ
ܺãǿĹصλҲܺá
ɽµ棬ÿгչҫ
˵ûһɱܹ£ҿ˿ĹϵĲ⣬ɬ˵룬һϣͨһĻŰɣ
һֱԸ
Ƕ˵һ뷨ѾҵԺγɡ
Ҫ£ҲԼΨһ£
磬ҸҴ˴һţҪ
һ£ЦΪǲǣô뷨㣿
Цų׳ľ˵˵ͷô
ϧȻˣȴֻһ룡
дؾٵֻа˸֣ڣ
ŰǸŷ⽻磬ҹˡ
һҶ𣬾һУΪҶͳеذףںڵĹâ
֪ɱǸɱֻ֣Ҫȡ֮ʱһ
һϰǧΣôܹʧ֣
뿪ʮ죬һֱеĹ幫һÿճƽ̻֮غűߺľ
ҹҹϸ裬飬ֵǣǸɱȴٲ¶档
ҹУһ˴ڳ˵ĽֵϣȲٻȴصļū
ӺôûˣԴԺҾ;һĿ¼ȴˡ
ϧ˵ⷬʱƺѾȾ񼲣Ƴء
Сæ˽£Ͼ̽ǵˣ
֮䣬˵Щ𣿡ڴϣ֣Ҫҹȥϴı顣
ˣ˵ĻӣһѲ֣ϷҲݹˣΪҲ֪ʲô𣿡
㶵Ŀң￪ʼðĹ⣬˵Ǻʱ֪ģ
֪㰲ҪԶˣֻǽҵ֣һϷ
ҡͷЦһ£ֻͼ̫ԣҡҵע⣬ô˻ɣ
û˵ؾյĻȻӦ飬ҵģԼ
֪ûҳ֣ϷҪݣΨһĵ¡
سĬһ£˵ĻĻؾͻһҹ֮Ⱦ񼲶Ȼ׵ĵ·ϣ㰲ܶأѳ
ƻЩ̫ͻأ
ҲˣؼЦһҹһỳɣ㲻üΪֵ̫ˣҵԸͻȻûӹ޵£ģ
һֻһң۾Ĺ⣬һĪչʱȴˣ룬͸ҵܹԼȫˣ
ȷʵ˵ĿȫתƵҵϣΪС֣ŵص㵹ȫע⵽еж
ҵýޱȡ
ʵʼնڹ֮䣬γйѵһ죿
ĻУʼѷɫ̫࣡

 45 

ʮ
ΪʲôΪʲô׾˳㲻һֱλ𣿡ҼĳѾ˴ô֮
Ӻ̾˿Ӧý㻹̫ᣬ⣡˵ʵϣܹõģԶֻôһ㣡λǸôֻҪһ̧ͷܿȴңɼһ˰ʱȡȴһ񣡡
һʱ֪˵ʲô㶵Ŀп
㿴Ѱ׷˪˥ϣжʱֹϣ˵ζĿһۣûмλԭ㶼֪ɣ
˵ĽԼáˣϲݡҾϸĴǣͻȻ䲻ٿˡ
ףǣǿЦһ£һԺĽŮ˾ҪԶ뿪ˣһıȡȨϣһһ𣬿ǰܴ
ӡ
סҵ֣һ£
˵ɣ
һԺҳʱϣңиҵ
ãҵ˵ͷƹ谵ĴУ£һξãصľ֮
ҵУͻȻͬ顣
ӣһֱ㣡ǣߵǰʱѹ˵
صʵסصһƬУĴ̿Ͱɣ˭ɳģ
û˵Ĭϡ
ǺǣʵԲµֳ˷ܣƽôôԼϴɱ޵У
Ǵ̿ʹɱĶ󡭡
ͣݿǲеΣգԳһ£󣬵Ǹڹɱҵģʲôأ
ҵǰʼֳһһ꣬ճɵɵǻۿԵ
Ͽʼ亹û뵽Ǹɵ̫ӻĶơ
ǣɱҵģֻ˭
˵Ǳزٵӣһλǹ㰲ڣһɵԾ·
һöµӣΪԷʱ
ģֻǵӵֻ֣
һŮ˽ĵǰ֣ķ֣ҲĹĻĵİҸһǰǸҹң
ܳصĹæ񱼣ƽĸۡȥ
̫ʣҪȥ
Ǹ߸ϵŮˣǸŮŮˣǸǿ׵Ůˣ׻жܣ
ҵûߵ̫ͿԶĵ£һݵˣڵϳˮ̡
ԲԲˮ̺ϣһ׻עĿ³ɫ
ҷóϵ彣
亹ҵòסصĽʡ
Ǹվɫĵƹ⣬ͶӳǳһӰӣһűŤڳº͵Ц
˵ˣϴȷһһ죬ͻȻǾڣ
ԣǵڣ
ң㣡
Цų彣ӵ˽ʣڵϷһ졣
տĽֵϣҹƣҲûбˣ

 46 

ʮ
Ҿеĳֱֱָ㣬ɱ˰
Ŷǫ͵ЦϴεǸ𣿺ǵģҲ˺ܾãǱҴ˲ĺÿϧ
ϧʲô
Ѿûָǧһ֮ ֻܹסҪָͷĻŻܱס
˴Ҳ಻סеķŭһŤЦҵоޱȵĿɺޡ
ɣһؿڡ
ֻ΢΢һǣ嶯һһĺϮ
ҳȴ󷢶
ǰңʲôյңڼģ
ʱطѾֻþȫֱֱǰȥ
ͬھҵĴ㣡
ƺҲû뵽һƴĴ򷨣һδϣһ˼
ҵĳգʹ̫󣬲һ˵ڵϡ
ͬھĵĿЦ
ˣҲҵ۾һѪѪ죬ȫѪҺƺ嵽Լʣ𳤽ִĲ
ۿҪ̵ȴһ˹ȥѸײڶٶƵҵ̫ҵϡ
ζû뵽ξȻ죬ͬȡ
תѾҴæлһҪסģǻһ
һɻʹƺҪҵֳΡ
ʹƵҼæǰһˣ˸ͷʱѡ
ҵϥڵϣʹӣֱ̧һֱ۶ܷѪȵζ˱ǶѪҺͣĴҵı£һء
ǸӣվҲԶĵطǺǵЦ¹£зĹһѪĲƬƺҵƤ⡣
㲻Ҫɱңһΰ˵һ˦֣˦˱ϵĲһմȾѪĺ⣬ʹҵ
û뵽мܵضûУֻܹڵϴڵĴļʹò
ĻᣬֻһΡ
ôͽģЦӯӯߵҵǰͷҡ
ӵؿڣͣǰˣֻҪһֻҪУ
һ˲ͿʹҰذ״̵
ټˣͷңľеıС
ķâϣϢ۾Ķֱֻۻ£ҵĵҲŴ̳
һƺڰմѪĹ˲ֵҵĲ
Ҫ֮ʱһΪ˸⣬źķͻȻӲܳһƫǷ
Ǹɱֵ壬ҲͻѸ͹ƫ˼
ͬʱһһǱ߿ȥ
ɵҹУԶĽֵϣվһȫװˣ
ĸߴȫÿһƬײһǴúХ硣
ʲôˣǸɱȻҲĳ棬ϵһ¶ŵ顣
Һ˵սµĲ֪жˣǸ˻һһ˵дŨŨĿ˸㣬ҲóʹıУʵ̫ЯֻڳʱŻóǲǸøеЩأ
һʱȲѣ磿ôڲǸǰĵ·

 47 

ʮ
ɣǵ˭ʤ˵ֱ꣬һǾ޴Ĵӱһ㣬Ŷɷ磬Ǹɱֵȥ
һ̶֣˷ǸɱתۼͱΧһɫԲУɵš
ϾǸ̿ͣߵ·ߣȻôܹͳصĴӿ⣿
˲ռȻǸɱƺֻӱܵأ˿мĴӣɵ廯һڹ⣬ͣĴм䡣
סʹó֧壬һվ
Σʤ
ǰˣһʱӣɱȻҹ磬ǰ˳أջþʱ̣ʱô죿
Ȼһ̹򣬰ЩɬɫĹȦѾƿʼʱ硣
Ǹɱҵһܣֱ򰢷ѡ
ʱĴӸոջȥط
硭Ҽ״ľ
ֻһǹӴ̵ľϣȻ˳׵·һĿڵоȻƫ˼
Ǹɱһ㶣Ȼ
ЦôһμװɣֱһĴߣͷһصĻǸɱֵĺϡ
壬ֽƬһ˳ȥֱʮԶšˡһڵϣϢ
ҲֶɣԶ֪ˤ
һŴӣС߹ȥ
ҵĺƽ𣿰ĳڱ
ߵǸɱǰ棬ţһ͸ˡ
ӣЦںˣһˡǻû˵ֻ꣬һӰͻȻ̧һͻ
Цݣ˲̣ĵȥίڵϡ
ҵɴ۾ͻıʾˡ
ôô磬Ҳ
ҪվʧѪ࣬ϴˣŬҲûгɹ
Ǹɱ֣˿ϵİ磬ŭݵ
¹£Ѿȫû˷ŵĴݣȡ֮ı飬ǺؿȫŨصѪˡ
ҴӳδѲˣƺҲˣŲ鸡ߵҵǰſ壬һѷĶ̽
Σýˣͷңһҵ죬ȥɣ
۾Ҷӣ֣Ǳ˴˵ľ룬ܹоѪζĺ
㹻ˣ
Ŭǣһ˿Цݣݺݵ㣡
еذףںڰвһ˲˳ȥ쵽Լӳ
һѪˡһȵ˵£ܵҵϡ
ŵ̵˼㶵ĶңѾǺɫذ״͸Ѫͣӿ
ҵĲһɣһֵڵϣҲƾɵĲһббɵʯ·ϡ
һ˫۾ɣǰҡ
ȥЦҲ˸һ䣬ҲǸɱ֡
ͫ׷Ŵƺǳȡ
һɱ֣ôܣֻһѽ
죬Ҫ˵ʲôȴվ˵ѪҺͣӿ壬ƣѾʧȥɫ
ͻȻ쳤Ц۽ȴ֪ΪЩʪ
ɿΪ㱨˳
ĳھȪ֮£᲻¶һ˿οЦ
ҵͷһѰγǰںڵذףһѪ籡Ⱦҵ½Ǹɱֵ֮鴤£͸ˡ
˷ޱȣһѪζ֪Ŵӵվ
ķȥ
ڵƺصһŤŻѪңģȻ͵Ϯҡ
ҪҪҲȥ
Ҫֻ̫أһ£ûб˵Ĳվ
ͻȻЦڰǰЦһʱտ˵Ľֵϣϻص޷ԳֵЦ

 48 

ʮ
ѵ˰ϵף˵ǣ໥˻ȥ
ôڸϻôûȥţɵ
Ϊߵһ룬ŵݣ
ôԽǸŷзӡ
ӣЦųգգ۾ţһҪŷ⣬㲻֪ǿ͸Ǻֽ𣿡
ҿһͭķ⣬֣
ֽЦԣҪдɣûд̣˽⣡
ֻеһۣˣ˵ʲôûİһˣֺγܹԸô׶ɱħ
ҺͰʮˣܹǿš
£ǰѽ͸ǸɱѪ·ջڰǰȴµǣȴûԤڵɡ
ʹ˳Σʼջǳ֮£˵Ѫ
ֻлŵˣϧԼϧߵˣʹԶεı롣
ûȫԱصĳʷͻŻŵң˵Σָͬҡ
ֻʰһ¶ǰصĸۡһϷ
⣬ٻļˣصĿʩҹĻ֮ʱƽʱѲأͻȻҳҹ̸ȨչƵǰ
̬һɨ⣬żĹâ
ȫһˡ
ͬʱһЩ׷ʿǽĸۡڰʲôֽš
һת˲ţէһ賿һַصʣһԱͨҽߵԷ棬صѶ
ԷźܶˣǶ˫ۣʵ
ΪصȨ㵹֮ʱǵʧ֮ա
ܣҽȥҽȥһֵĹԱҪңΧ˽ס
ȴЩˣƾصѾúˡ
Ҫô֮Уһˣһ߰شżĺһ
Ī֪ˣصĳЦЦҲҵ˼ĿƵģϣѾԸ¶ɱһҾҪ߳ˣڹľģ򲻹Ǹˣ
Цҵǰ޵ķŴ󣬶ҵȵģҲһ̣
ı죬Ⲽƭɵһ̣
ҳ΢ЦͳеᱡذףǷĵУסĲӣӣû뵽һɣ
ص鶯һ£˲ָƽ㣿ƻõǲǣ
ǫ͵ĳЦһ£ƾͼƣϷֻһ˻ᣡδ֮ʱ˭Ҳ޷˵ԼӮң𣿡
Ҫʲô˵ɡȻĵͷƺû뵽һУֻҪҵһƫͿɳȫ
Ҷʣҵĸףǲ֣
ͻȻһ£Բ˼ң㡢㲻֪Ϊ֪
֪ʲô۾ͻȻһֲԤС
֪гʱΪѾ֪һУŻûзģѵΪһѱݺ˵Ķӣö֮𣿡
˵ҵĸײǱݺģİõң
΢Цһ£Ϊ㲻Ǳƽãҵġ
˵Ҹ׵£˭ݺ
ĿĿһۣԶҲҲˣΪݺ㸸׵ˣ˭ҲûмǸˣû¶棡
ǿʼкҲʲô˼˵һ㣡
΢Цһ£㻹ܱһܺϣû֪ݣû֪ŵ˭ֻһҹ֮䣬ľͻ
˵Ļٹٶܣ
ƷĹλԲΰĳУµµУҪҵδȥǸдܺˣ
ͻȻûİҵĵӲߣοҵͷ
ܹһ
·˿˺ڰеĵƻεĿǵ

 49 

ʮ
˵ʲôˣƾһܺûŷأ
εˣ
ʲôݣû˻ţһҹ֮Ͳȡжأ
˴ƽһ˿⣬ѡѵǣı
Ц˿ңҲˣޱߵĻȨ˭빰أңľȷʵжýȨ
¶أվڿտĴУֻͷһƬհס
ҵգںڰЦſңҪˣٲ㲻˵ʲô𣿡
˵ɣĿһۣҪ˵ģֻЩɣʲôôߵ
쳤Ц߸ߵ񷶥䶼ˬʵЦʿգĿ뿴յ㣬ܹҵͼ
ɿЦǿһС
ţûƽǳѣȨ̫Զô̫ӿ⣿
ҵ˵ͷʼ벻ףıһкǿ޼ɵ
ֻ֣ҵǰʮָۣǿΪ˻Ȩѷʤ֮ʱΪϵĻϣܰ𣿡
ȻܰģΪеһʤ֮ʱĵλҪܵв
ҳԿλҪӪȡãʲôϷϮؿһۣǸڱϵˣʲôǿأ
ҳһʹֶβһһҪͬʱǲܵģ
һֻ֣סһ˫֣õİ취ǼǣǿƽԼãʱ䲻ţһ죬еʧֹĻУ
Цһ£ɿ˫֣Σƽ˭˰ɣҲܹ˽⣬˭ǻεˣ
紵ҵļձߣҵĸ
ŵĳУ㹬Ǽ䣬صĵ⽣Ӱն
ңһ㣬֪𣿡
صһһ̫ܣҵ˼ά޷ʾ
ȱ㹫ʤҲȨ̳лλõɽӣʼεİԼУصĿңǲǺֶܸΣ
ǣһĻشֱ̫е˶Ϊʹ뷨һ
ֻҪֻҪԻλĴ룬ͱȻӲĵʹЩ˵ģʵԼѣس̾һ˵ô࣬Ҳˣ;ĩ·֮ʱܹһУֹĶˣ
˵תЦֻһǿıӰһɾĺʹ˺ܶ࣬ȫǸı㣬Ļˡ
ҵУֻܿһˣΪԼ򵥶ֵҸΪƽͰս
֪ʱտĹҲûбˣҹɫɺ¶أͻȻú͹µ
ˣ뿪˳뿪޺ĵط
Ǳʹң֪Ҫʱܽѣ
ңֻԺַ뿪ǰܣ
޴ӵ֪
һμأ֮峿װǸʬѣ߳ȸţ˵ԶĹ
ΰĳǣʵ˯Уȴ֪ⷬƽ͵УŶټı磿
һϦ㵹׷ⲻ˸ȱܹסҲŵĶˡ
߳ʱųڻػ£˳һ˲Ե·ϣмٻ´˾ͼҪ
䣬޺ԮеıһڵϣȫͷĴ󳼡
ϦϦϦϦ
һϦ֮䣬ͻˣ˼䣡

 50 

ʮ
ҵݣصһҾ徵α磬ûвҵͷϡ
󷲳ΪٵģᵽأԶԶ뿪˳һЩɷģʱδȴͷء
ҺͰ磬ڳʷլԺУֻоĵȴⳡ籩ȥ
Ȼ֮˵Ļȴһҵ޵Ļ䣬ҹð
ͳǷܺĺ˭ѵǱεƽ
ѣʱ޵һ
ƽĵԶ΢Цķ飬лһŵ˼ҪҲУôϢ
Ȼһȥİһ˵Ϣ
ӣǽˣŻŵ˵ǲҪʲô飿
һݣеڵϡ
ûʲôҪ׽üˣҹ򶨵飬ȴӿ
ûмǴĻСʱ򣬳ҲһδģĽϣ
Ǹɱҹ󣬻ϱ㻻߸ϵŮʱһҹ֮ƷҲжʮ֮ٴθ١
ĽϣҪԸֻ˭
ʱ֣վͻȻһҪˡ
ؽֽСľͲӰЩ֮ͨĸŮҲĵķĴɴ˻еá
̫ûɽѾһǣҼһŽգһҲûУеľ¥ҲͱЪҵ
ֻżڿտĽֵϣеҲķƵҶ磬ȵƮڵϣһֲĽ־
һ˵ķ䣬һηֳ˵Ŀ¡
żѲߵĲȥ·˵ҵĿĵ֮ǶҼ
ңҪȥݷƽ
֧ǻϵĻģҲֻ
ãʧƣʬƽƺѾټɵңǰƬ̣ͱҡ
ոߵſڣһֻƿǰ񻨵ķţһµ˴߳
Ż󷽣ϽͷڣǸƳһۣͲ磬ŸߴĻ߳ȥ
г۾ڲ޾Ұģ㶵ĿıӰ뿪ʱľȻип֡
ˣصĽӰʧȥһ֮Ѿ߽⣬ȷʵбҪٷһۣؽƽ⡣
룡һŮ߳ҡ
ĵƹ谵ƣƽѵõɣɫӺĿϵҡ
ҵþˣ֣У·ǰ˰ɱҵĸͲ
С˲μҸոҪ¹򣬾ͱֹˡ
ʶѾãαؾڣƽְҷʵ۾ңЦ˵ҵĵܵܣеܼܵ˽㻹нģ
ǣûĸɱȥɱԼĵܵܣһǳһһɱ֣
һϻָֻǸᣬҵߵ̫ΪԱų²ߣ
Ҷ۾Ҫҵ𰸣ĽϣǶԸ˭ģ
ƽһ̣¶һ˵΢ЦΪѾ𣿡
ʱҾߣҽҲ˵ΪˣϾǴң֪ҵĵϸҲӺҡ
ңƽ˵Ϊʲô㰲Ե޹ʵĴӹʧأ
ôô죿ز˵ҪȺ׵Ķٶһĺ䳹裬ΪҺܿ͵õ˴𰸡
ң©˷жˣ
ڣ׳ΪʲôҪ˰ɣƽЦҵǰûһĵ޶
Ҫɱ˭
Ⲣҵ˼ǻϵ˼㰲û뿪ȫǽϣΪжغͳϵ޷ʩԮ֣
Ԯ֣
һ£ȴƽ˵ʱ֣Ѿһӵ뿪˳ǰڽסˣ𣿡
ҲûмһŮˣ̬򷽣Ļдľ綾
벶Ԣԣֻȸ

 51 

ʮһ
һ˲䣬ƽϿص顣
ǱѪ֮׵ãôˣ
ңҲ֪һץס½󣬡һгǵƣң
һ£ŷЦȴûкˣȻȻţҲµû
ҵĻ
ȻΪһһĴٵˣ𣿡Цһ£û뵽Ȼص
ˣѾӽҲ˳ȨĶô㻹ܷŹҺݺݵһƿ
ίϣﻹǴŵЦһֱĵ۹⿴ңĿ⣬һ䡣
һǵãһμҵʱ򣡡ͻȻðű߼ʵĻȴĽţеСոճ̵֦۾ҲȫǼͣΪκ£κ˵ͷ
ǰʱ䣬ˮ㻬껪ģ㶵վڿտķ룬ѰԼӰ
ǣڵѾȫˣĴɢҵ½󣬡һΪ˴ﵽĿĲֶεˣ
ңͦΣݶׯ˫۾ȴƽһ˿εƣҲݣüĿŻ£䣬Ҿ̫࣬貵껪峺ѾԶ뿪ҡ
ѾǸޣ˼ˣ
Ҳˣ
˵һصļ㱳ֻԽԽƫԼĹ㣬һٲĺڰ
ͻȻƻԣҲԼı仯һסƽңŵƣ
㲻ҪżĿһֿۣܻûгţҲûҵصס˵ô࣬ѾҪˣ
ҵƣߵǰӺľóһͭƵĳӡ
һ׸ңݺݵ߰ɣٻʶǸѾˣ
ĿȻˣƺű֮⣬ҲΪҪң
ңңǻҪɱң
ûʱϸ룬صƣһ˹񱼡
˵ĳտˣ꣬ͷ
ھУҺ񿴵˸ؾٶϤһе˫ۣǰİѩУѰǰķ򣻻΢˫üü䣬һ޷ƽĴ֣˸ĵ̡
ƽȾѪЦųЦģб˫ۡ
һˣģģҶȥ
޵ĵ·ϣٲ;
ǲǣ뿪˳ܵõѣ
ܹȥ֪֮ͨҾҲԶķ޵ĵط
һȥһլĸù
һҹգȼõ̻ݵѤ
һǳзһУʼµ
ʲôˣһŭȴҵ˼·Զһž׵Ľվڳǰŵǹָҡ
ţˣ
ˮͣĳ嵽۾ͱǻУҵͷͳǸŴĿƣˣм³ǣ
Ǽнһ߹һͷĿùҵƣûϸգ̧ͷĿ˿ҡ
ԲסˣƷŵУͻȻһѳ˵ԸƱ˭Ƴǣ˭Ǹˣɱ⣡
ҿŵĽ׹ΪҪң
ҪɱңȴԼ˫֣
֪һĴ⣬ἱ뿪ȴһ·ҡ
ҪɱڣĹ;֮ϣ

 52 

ʮ
ŵ⽣Ӱ룬ûҪԸѾȨأҪģʵң
ҰסеĽҳ֣
ΪһεЩѴϵļͻ䴩
ô죿թܵĻ᲻ỻһ·
ڴʱִһ̶ЩʿȻĿҵ
Ļ˭ҼæҲͷȥ
ĻУڵҹɫУһƥ˹
һϸˣŰɫıĲͣҵ࣬ס֣ҴˣƽµĿѶ
ӨִװһİɫҲˮʪ͸
ôˣȥ
Ҫɱ㣬Ͽһ߰ɡĿбӣǰǹǲ
ΪʲôҪң
֮ϣһҲǣӨ˵ţ׳һĽƣӵ˽ӳƣ𣿡
ˮʪӨͷһƵĲϡ
ҿĲȻסˣ
ӨŮˣ¸ҺĻ£ŲƷ˵Ϣ
Ǹʿϸ˿еƣֵȷʵǹƣ߰ɣ
˵ţĿȴŲεɡ
һĵתͷӨȥ
ΪʲôǲΰݣһֲԤͻȻӿͷѵ
ӨңľȻĲ촽΢ţңûƣ
ҾȵĿһۣҪ˵
ȻĻңСĹԸûгǵȨΰĳҵĹľΪ֮ҲΪ֮ĵط
Ǽٵģ
Өڻͷһۣǵģԣֻ죬Ҫô緢֣ǣҪ뵽ƶԱȡ
ΪʲôҪҼæ־һޣݺݵĴϣԼҲ񱼡
ȻˣһƬ꽻Уǵ󽥽һƬ⣬֯źе
ȻЩϸվǷˣ
ӨסͷںڰгҿɬЦһ£Ϊʹһ죬˳ҲᣡһҪȥ
ǶҴߣ뿪
УͻȻԾһ˿ϣĻ𻨣ȴת˲š
ǣܵģ

 53 

ʮ
һֻŷҵĶʡ
Щʿ޷׷ǣڿʼִСɱ⡱ˣ
Ҽæ彣һһ߻ǵǾδÿβһâҵĺ󱳾ͻʹһ¡
ӨһߣҼæߴҪǷǾһһ̣
ӨȴŻٶȣʼղ
߰˻ߵĳʱѾʿ׷ǣ
ȴָʿˮ㲻ϴŵķӿŰУŴ̶
֪ÿһ£ζиʿ

ٵȥǶ޷õķԶԶ˦Щʿһﶪƥ
Щųǹʿͣĳҵ˼ѾȽ޷ܿ죬ת۾ͱǽΧ
磬ӨͻȻ֣ǧһ֮ʣһץס֣ʮָۡ
ʱƥѾ˿ǰȣѪ׷ɣ˻Ҿ˳ƣԾӨϡ
ܣҺӨһıڻƥԹĹƷȽݳʮɣ˰ΧȦ
㲻ͣĴҵϣ߲ϴƿ֮żϱֽ¾ʹǱС
ǿ֮ĩûĳʱҪҵ
ȵѪҺѾ˳ҵֱҽղס
ǰľԽԽģӶҡҡλεģߵСƴץסдһʶ񱼡
ܣֻܰҪټһ£ֻҪӨԶΣա
֪˶ãһľͻȻǰӨһᣬȻֱֱĴӱܵϹȥ
Ҽæ۱ס˼һڱˮʪ·ԡ
ƥݿ㣬ת۾˵ĽֵܵòӰ
ӨӨôˣһŵİϵŷƺˡ
ʹɫҰףûѪɫֽİס£ʺѪҺͣĴָӿȾѩ׵ĺ
ӨӨҼæĴգе㲻ҪʹȥҴ򣡡
ȴһɬĿһۣһˣȥҵ磬Ҫ
⻰Ǳ׵Уȫһ˵Ҿ簡ûбˣ㲻Ϸ˿
㲻ǡĿɢֱֱҵı󣬡硭ջӭȢңϡƣϡͷĵңŽӣ߳
㣬㲻Ҫ˵ˡҲ಻סʹʧʹƴıС壬ԶҶȥ
ȻĻǲͣҵĶߣ磬ᴩɵ·ڸ߸ߵϡ֡
ͻȻõĹ⣬ҵıƴĲ֣һԶС
Ҽæһסֱֻ֣䣬˵¡
ӦңûѪɫĿңһ𡭡񡭡
񡭡
뿪ĳС
뿪Ҳ˵ȥΪӨߴЦͷĿҵļϣҲûϢ
ҶĻƴĺУǻӨ廹ԽԽ䣬ԽԽӲ
꣬Ҳ޷ѾԶԶңߵһңԶĵط
а
ջ
ĸŮ
ҹ꼰Ц

 54 

ʮ
ұӨ֪˶ãֻʱ侲ֹޡ
ģͣˣϮˣҼѵԼ½ϸΪϡ
ҹ̣ˮϴȴû˿֪
׷СҵǵĸֵܵҵĲϣ˵Լݡ
Ц̧ͷǼʿ
ǼʿոҪߣͲ֪Ӻδܳźɫ·ˣֳֵָһתۼ䣬֫飬Ѫɡ
ոջɷףͻȻûίڵϡ
һӨ῿ǽǣǼĴ̿͵ǲƽģɱҰɣ
ȴûж֣һ־ͰҴӵ
Өʬ壬ʧȥ֧ţ˰ˮС
ſңɽȻûˮΪ飿
ҪȥҪΪϵˮҪúõĸ·ܰί
Щ˵̫󣬽˫أ˼
Өİɫ壬յ˫ޣԽԽԶ
һˣģįģǱĵϡ
ڰû
Ҳף˭ңΪʲôǵֶƽϲ֣ǵȴֶ˶ج
ƽҲǣӨҲǣҲǣ
ܰԼ
һ
֮á
ãзʣȴͻȻúһʹҵʶ
ǰλεȼţյöҼ磬һˣվǰææȥ
һŽ׵ĴȴѪȾǸϵĲҲ˵Ѫ
ǣʲôطһ˵ŷ˻ƣһ֣̽ϹģȻЯذ׶ˡ
ҽ٣ǸһѾϸĵӣ滹մѪΪˣ
ʲôˣ
ٺ١Цһѩ׵ĲƬøҿ˼Ѫģĺɫ
ʲô
ڵļͷ
ҺɵĿǸһۣôȡϵļͷѵ֪ǽ𣿡
˻ϵĲðײ˴ϸãȻ֪
棬г͢ӡǵģһƽö
Ҷģʲôƽ񣡡Ǹͷʰһ¶ҩ䣬߳˶ҡ
ֻॡһű˴ס
͵˵ϣ
ԶڰϣǸ˸ƵĻ
ǣ̲Ρ
ĴǱصʯǽ뵽ֻҪŻǽ
ǣֹطļ
ǣץη˭ҪɱңΪʲôҪΪƣ
ҲЩڵϣűǽڣͷ
ηܵȴҵʲô
վǻţ
ӨȴˣҲܸ

 55 

ʮ
顭ϣ޺ޡ³Բ
ϧҵ磬ȿ죬Ҳ£
ֻڵģֲָĺڰҡ
ηûйâҲûİȼҲûлҵ۾
ÿ쿿ڱǽϷ䰴ʱһٰͣһ´̡
ûΣǰ䰲֮ǰҲһμӡ
ǴζϯϻĪĳӡ
η
ֻڰһˣÿƾЩȥ˺ѡ
ʱӨƽںڰлȥǻҵĴߣʱһ̸Ц
Ҳ֪˶ӣֻϣڰԶûоͷֻҲƬ̴һ
Щٲܵüˣ
ǽԽԽ䣬һ죬ȼ̵ű˴ˡ
ӰվڻУĿࡣ
ӭһѵʱ̣
Цݣǽ߳Ǽǰȥ
ǼɱģˣںĻ´ҡ
𣿡һһۣȫǱĵɫ
ԣ˵ⳡңһ𣡡
ɱҰɣΪʲôɱң㶵վЩǰȻȴٳٲ֣ߵҵ࣬Юηȥ
ʯǽյҡβз˰֣ϴССĸ̽ƴɱҰɣǲɱҵ𣿻ҪʲôϷ
ԱߵһһסҵĲӣݺݵΪǲɱˣֻܸߵ˴
ҵԺһƬͻȻףǰĳ˵ܶ֡
˭ƽأ
ǹңΪ˽øң
ηҾͱЩ˼һɫ羧Өѩףһ¸߹ʡ
ѾǶˣ
˵η˰ң
̰˵ѩĿһη֣ηؾ˲ᡣ
Щȴûиʱȥݳ޵ɣܿͷ³ҡҡλ
µµĳ˳ҹɫ
δ֪ǰ;ڲԶҡ
ѡ
Ҳкξ壿
῿ڳϣŵƴȥסģһĨѩף
һʱЩְק³
Χǽϴϸѩɫǵ̫
ĴΧľЩȴҵͷһɫĲŹǽǰߡ
ѩ䣬̤ȥϸ
ЩСĶĺţƺ¾ʲôˡ
˭˴µĴҳ
ǸˣֻǰһǺǡ
ִ˼ţһͻȻӭϮӱѩһĺ
ҲûЮҵ˫֣ãժͷϵĲȴŮվҵǰ
һ촽΢ӣԡڵ㣡
ˣһ˷ܣ֪ĴֻһǸؾ٣
ϲ˳ƺȰӹţѪȴװ˹ĵģ
ѵ˳

 56 

ʮ
뵽ұһֱģȻ˶ҡ
ؾ٣ң
ȱˣҲҪȥҵ˵䣡ҪҵǸݺǵˣѪϴޡ
ңô׾
һˮϴϵ࣬ҪϴһԼ
ҵһףеʱӵʹ࣬ΪˣҪž޴ıʹǵĳޡ
Ҫҹҹ尾꣡
ŮΪ׼һƷҴһĴС
ڴ˹ʱˣ
ƣһִ鱾ĲӰӳ˱̴ɴ֮ϣǸͷڣο㡣
ҼһŶ룬ؾ٣ˣ
Ǹڵ»̧ͷЦʵ
˭ؾ٣ʶ𣿡
һºͶǵǳᣬŲʮ꣬üжһӢ֮ͦ
ҿȴ񿴵һجΣԭأ֪Ǻá
ǸóճɵɵǸ
ҲŵͷĹ£Сˣμ̫ӵ£
һ񣡡æ飬ҵ󣬰ҷЦĿһۣڷ
ǣҵͷϣ̫С˳Ծ
̫Ц˵֮Уأܹ˼Ӻķкܶ࣬Ļ֣ʾԼǿõȴ
һַǹʾ
ˣ̫Ŀһۣõ˲вҲʧΪһֶΣ
ҴվǰԽڷɿתΪʲô̫Ҫң⼸׷ʲô
˳𣿹㰲˽𣿻Ѿǰ׵ĵ·ϣ
̫ȴң˵ҺĻ֣ĸʤһأ
ҶĿһһ
ˣԹˣ
̫Цһ۵ϣȴԳһͲĳȡ
׸֮ӣı䰲ǰڰ˵ÿ˵һ䣬ҵľ͸һ֡
ˣǰģ˭أͷЦҡ
ȴ亹乣Ϊ֪ҵĵϸ֪һ£
Ϊʲô֪ı棿ûмǴʱ̲оǽᵳӪ˽ҳ
Ψһ֪ıģ˾ܵģǸдܺˣ
㻳Ҹ淢㸸ף̫Цһ£ϴŵ֮ɫˣһ˻֪ԭί
ҶĿ꣬Ƴ˵亹ʪ˺󱳡
һµ뷨Ժѿ
Ǹˣǲ߻ҵıҡͷϧΪ㸸ı˾Ĺְֲ˼꣬ȴһ񣡡
Ҫƹ
̫ЦⳤУ˭ֲǸ߸ϵλأûյǷܺȨ־ڵĽɽҵˣ
ͻȻãе֧ڻ̮
һֱΪԩģһֱţǱݺģ
ȴûһζʧܵƷ
ûһ׵ģֻ˱Ƚϰϧë
ոؾٵĸڶ
ԭҸûʲôˣ
ռұģǸ׶׷
ѣȡ

 57 

ʮ
亹乣ֻû塣
ĻĴѩĺ䣬еĵ⣬ͣ¸ĽŲ
ƣڱѪɽǰܣȴû뵽Լһ֡
ʲôˣʲôݺ
֧һֱģһΡ
һ
ģ
˵Σ
һֻɫ쵽ҵǰһںڵذס
㲻֪дܺ˭𣿡̫۱յ÷Ĺ⣬ֱֱĶҡ
ǰѺ빲ذףǰ
ΪãǹƻһԣҵĶ
֣ϽӹذףķŵĿڣǸһֱϢĵط
Ϊ˱ҲΪ˱ʲôԭֻΪˣҿһĿꡣ
֧һȥ¡
ΪʲôҪңҾ
̫飬ϸϸĶһۣǰǸ磬ӳرҪˮҡ
ȱҲ㣬Ҳˮ
Цһ£ͬҵĻȴɶ鱾УشҶʱȴðΣգϹΪҽΧ
ɣĿƣ
һЩϵǴᣬҴӵ¾ȳ
ǴεĴ̿¼㲼õģֺۣɵһȥʼٸߣ
̧ͷһۣ㶼֪ˣ
ҳĬÿɷ
̫ӷ飬ߵߣҵ֣˵ңҪһµĴƣȻҪʢޱȣȻҪԻͲãκһҲ£ҲҪΪһϵҪĤݡΣѪȺɱ¾ȱţȱһйڳʷҲԴΪ٣
һһ˵סѪڡ
ĹңԸһȥңϣվҵ࣡
ΪϵΪ˵ʱеĹâҾȻᶨĵ˵ͷ
һףΪʲô׻Ͷ̫ӵһߡ
Ϊ£˫Уȴ̺һּ᲻ɴݣõ־
̫ӵĿУҲŵ֪֮شŹ㰲˳ҲûǵϢ
ƽ߳ŭƴңڳʷס֮һ棡
Σ£ֻ̫ðҲص̲УԱܷͷֱ¹ȥⳡ粨ƽϢŷҳ
ûȥӨֻƬУѾ֪һҹС
û֪ʲôûˣ֪
Ϊûгֻ˼򵥵ʽοįꡣ
ӨԶԶ뿪˳뿪ˣįĳУ

 58 

ʮ
Ϊһ޼ҿɹˣֻݾ̫Ӹ
ص㵹̫Ȼܴѵûᣬĸҹҹıв½ĳ͢ԱŰݷã
һϣ̫˷ܵҵţգҾܹˣ
ʲô˼
ոճʷι飬ΪһȥǵڳѾ˿Կ⣬ҲװɵļϷˣ
ҿģ˷ܵû˵ȴ̫ͬ
ĸҲӦˣΪÿԽʱչʾҵΪĵǻ׼
̫ӵ¡һס֣Ҫֹ
ѾΪκ˺¶ı䣬ٹʮ죬̫ӸҪ磬ףҵĿ˵ЦʱһҪμӣƽҪǿ㻹ţɫһܺÿ
ҿֲ֧ӣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ϾǸӣһᣬûһʢ꣬һֱɵӿ
ֻϣôߵľٶ¶˾ͺá
ڵȵһ죡̫Ŵʵأ˵ţΪ̫Сͱĸ׽̵ɷâ¶ΪøΪһ׼ĿܣҲòչ޶ۣ̫ӵλáҲ룬һֱһαԼȥҲȿȥ˸ͣūĳЦң
ıӰµįһʧĺӡ
ȥͷҪκ¶Ҫ۵ģԼδؾͻһɵɣ
Ͽȫ£Բ̾ŵǣҪѧֻõһ棬𣿡
û뵽һδʮ꣬˵ĻֻЦŵ˵ͷ
Ӧң۾עңĿбΡ
˵ɣ
Ҫ뿪ңûѣһͺҲ˶ûСںɻǰסҵʱĽĹңҳôΧҪôҵЦҪôҵһ˰㣬ίΣȴûһˣҪȥסҼѵ֣
ҴӦ㣡еұ뿪įµꣿ
ȱأҲһֱⳡϷĻ
ʮԺʢᣬתۼ
֮ǰ½½йصﱻ͵̫ӸĿ
񳤰ĴСﶼŷˣЩ֮£ױС˵ⶨûôһɵʮһϦ֮ޱأ
ΪЩԭ֣ڰİѩҡٹ˶ĴŽĻǰء
վŻ̫߳
㵹Щʶҵɢɢ澡İס
һ˫۾絶ƽңҪҴ͸
ƽͷϴŰëĨˮ׺ĵĶӳۣڽ£ɫһһס
û뵽һţҸû뵽ǣһ̫ӳ
ɫ죬߶΢΢ȫûƽʱģ
ｻ䣬ת۽еˡ˿ɪַĸŮǰ׸衣
һƬзķУһƵȴľƶϡ
ӣǱǸæͷϴȴŨصı
ϤҸոҪſ˵ȴ˵С㹫ȥٻһ·ɣ
һ˫۾գգ
ǰ磡ôûлص
磬úòãҼæ̫ǣ㵽˴
ڶҹˬʵĳЦϣڴ˯𣬲֪ĸӷŻ𣬾ȻӶˣҰҲܰװ׵ͳŻܳ
ãû£
⻹㣬֪ҳſʲô
תһ˼ǲվŴźµĴ̿ͣ
ЦЩȻӶ˺ͼūɱˣʬͶ˸⣡һⶨʲôӣѰˣŴ󴸸ɵͳ˳ʷ
ҲǵùȻأûлع𣿡
ЦЦûϢôܻعϾڳΪ˺ܾãҵȻƾʧһ㣬ˣʬ
Ǹʱ̲εĺʯǽ
ӣϣ׷ʲôңΪʲô²λ
ҵͷٻıʹ
ӣ㲻˵Ҳûʲôƽͺãҽ㣬ȥһˣ
˭
ȴӣһ仰Ҳ˵߳ѩͥԺ

 59 

ʮ
ͥԺаѩ֦϶ѩӳĹǽǻеķ羰
һֱߵԺҲſ¹£վһˡ
Ǹĸߴ󣬺һ͵ɫ·Ʈɢҵķ
¶̤ϸѩķȥ
һüĿ繳üޣɫ۾ƵĿҡ
ҲƲסе˷ܣ߹ȥס֣ؾ٣ôˣ
ؾɻǰһǱǴŵЦÿ¶ҪдһܺңͻȻţҾ֪ǳˣæӱ޵ϣȻϳϣڳ⼸죡
Ǹʱǰһҵ°ɣ
ȵŴ󿪵Ժȴֻ絽磬ҲҲټҾһֱڳֱ˷ų˵̫ͻȻˣҾ˵̫Ӹû뵽Ȼҵ㣡
ǣұ̫̲ι֮ãȻҲֻܹ뵽ңȴѵã
ǺǣؾЦұϾڹٳƴʮ꣬ÿ춯Ȼд·벻飬ǻᷢеģ
һϹͺˣһ죬ҲһжͬˣҵЩʣʲôʱʼؾپҵռصķأӨԺҾƴѹҵıʹֻûһˣܹҶ߱ʹ
Ҳܺڣһ㣬ܴ뿪ĻҲһľͻ᲻ͬץҵļңҪطˣ߰ɣ
ɫĳϿңĿҲ˵ֿĺһ֮
ˣ̫ô죿Ǹ¶ָ꣬Σ
һƿҡͷ롭
㻹ڿʲôǸͻȻõ̫Ϊڻ壬СС踺أô𣿼ʹû㣬Ҳúܺã
Ȼ֪̫ӽܴչͼҵҲͬʣȴҲ
ؾƴҡҵļ򣬡ֻһΣ˵ƽ׷ɱ㣬ڳк洦̫ڷͷδһ£ɢʱָôأ
ƽ˵ңҪҵǸдܺˣȵǸʱҲŻߣ
ǲɾҩһѰƿصײڹϣѩ£ģҺľ롣
ؾ٣Ҳţҿϣе£˵ҵĸףְһֱǳţĮΣȱ̫ӣҲȥˣˣôܻأ̫Ӷ˵ȷʵǶԸ׷ָʾϣڱҷʱܹһ֮Ǹ׵ûлشأҲ֪ʲô֪Ȼһжûˣֻ룬ֱ׸⣬ȱѾˣҲе󣬳׵ĵ߸㣬𣿡
ؾٳĬãµվڻѩУҡͷЦߣҪκɣҪ£ҲǧĽڣ
ؾ٣ҶԲ㣡ӰȻ˵ңԶ
ҪˣؾټȵĿЦһ£Ҳߣ̫ӸҲܰˣұ룬ӦһȥҾ;ܾŻ£
㣿ҪȢˣ
ǣεҡҡͷ͵£עҲΣҪȢʺֶŮΪˣңǸߵ;ϱȽϺʣ
ؾ١
Ҫ˵ˣҰڰ֣תߣˣѾǸӣҪȥӵˣǧٸҹѾˣҲϲ㣬ע޷ߣ
ҿڹϣҪȴվû˵ڡ
ᡭڣ
ߴӰҪѩûת˼䣬ʧͥԺ
һϣĿڱϣһξµ
ҲҶȥ
ڱıѩУץҵ֣ʧҡ
䣬ҵһη֣ԺҲ޷ܶ죡
ɫҰ׵ŸߴķȥڰȴҴҵ߹һӰ̧־ʹһ⡣
Ҳ㣬ƫ
Ǹ˴Ž·ܻĿңƽ
㡢ˣΪʲôҪصΪʲôڰ㣬Ө
ĿҪˣԼõһʯ֮ưͬʱȥҺأȴû뵽ԼСã
ҽһҪɱ㣡ƽָңţΪ̫ӣܰȫҸ㣬̫ⲻ˶ã⽭ɽһҵģ
˵ʲôûлλļ̳ȨѵҪЧŮ
ҸıˣҪȵҵõһеʱһɱ㣬ھȥ
ҳЦЦҵһ죡
ΪԶ𣿡ͻȻֱгģΪʧܣѾʹʳսˣĻʱͻ֪ʲôĩգ
ʲô˼ʳսʲôϵ̫ʲôϵ
һۣİ֫ˡ
ȴˣ䳹ķεգ

 60 

ʮ
ⳡѩ¹֮󣬴ƺԶߵĴʳսԽԽҡ
ռϵƣϧδԽ룬ɳĮأսƾþýʽᣬ
̫ÿææȥҾȥ׷ľӲеĹ󣬰ļףһһƷ
ԼҹĸϹ¯ͣȼգ䲻ͣĹĶһѰĵǹ͹ԳΡ
Ҫ˵𣿡һɫĽǣϸ顣
̫ӱ˱죬¶ӰЦݣǱߵĿ㣡
ΪʲôҪЩ
ȴشʵյҪȥ˰ɣ
ǣ¸£ڻһĴҪˣ
ʱ죿ôһ۾ͳˣ̫Ϲһ˿ɫҲԺҪˣ
Цؾһ㻹̫ӣ޷⣡
̫ȴҡҡͷߵÿһǱ˼ƻõģҵҴûм
ѡΣͱ϶ʧȥЩɣȷȨ׷󣡡ЦŶ˵
Ȼٴҡҡͷ̫ˣҴСѾϰһʧƣȥ
ĩֵͷңˣǲǺܿɱ
㲻ϿɱÿˣҪӦԼһһƵл£ҪңʧȥĿ꣬ıң
ˮĵ⣬ӳճҺ̫ӵһ㿣һįʧ⡣δ֪ǰ;׹⣬ȴǡ
һѩһҹ򻧵ƣ
ֹ˼գѩУ̫˳һŵͼңһҵķ䣬Ͱѵͼ̵ϡ
ҵĵһ
ͼϻ˴۸ӵĳֵһȻĽ֯һߡ
ʲôҿ˰Ҳûп
ˮǰţö˱Թÿд꣬ſڵĻˮܣԾʯ
һ̫Ӹ°
Цһ£ϴഺĽȥ׸ľ˾֪ҪòܶԼֿһ㣡
˵ͼںܾǰ룬˻ʵۣһҪóӵĻֺ꣬Ҫڰյ£ܵóһԸˣ
ؾͻȻƽһ˿ǳ
뻯Ϊ
һ£óһŵͼҵĻ˻ӣ£ʲô
һ̣
̫ӵЦǴʳ˹ĵͼ
ǲڴ̵ĵط
ǵģ˷ܵİѵͼ̵ϣֲڵţƤֽϣϸϸĻ˺˹ĳǳأҲϣֻмǺܴһƬհס
ƬհףɳĮ
ҿŵͼϿʼðϸܵ亹ûмĵͼտֲ
жˣɥһİɫϡ
ѵҪСĵ
ǣ̫Ӽᶨĵ˵ͷ۾Ƿɣǰոʾͺ̸ϣȥ֧Ԯսϵĸ֥߽
㲻Ҫȥһץסļ򣬡˵սǷǳµһ£һСľͻҶʵ̫ˣ
УһҪȥ˵ڳѾҪ׳֮ǰϻʵ۵ıȡú˹ս۵ʤ˵ǳ
Ҫȥս
սô𣿡ңҼЩ緢ƣ־飡
εĶǴʳҼĶ˵ʳʲôõзǳӣڵս˭˭Ӯңսڴʳļſڣǲϣռ̫ƣΪⳡսʽ˼£ûһԵ𣿡
̫ӵͷڵ³˼һ˵ѾˣʵҲ뵽һ㣬ôƾܻϣʱһֱڼΪ׼ѩʱ򣬴Ҫˣ
ƽ޵յЦѵһж߻𣿰̫սսɳȱ㲻ҲᱻսסֽţϾͶȨ
Ҵʱŷ֣Һ͸ؾٶһͬĴеģͲǱߣҲ̫Ǹӻʹϡ
ڣǸЦٻϵĹУ

 61 

ʮһ
еʱڻʼңҪһΣҲûа취ģ̫ӳ̾˿ͼ
׶ҵǰζıӺ죬żɫ
ҸףǰƴҲҪ
Ȼ˵ϴȱʱֶκϾǸӣ
ֽİסؿڵĺɫذס
һɣܹ㵱һ
ԽԽůѩڻ
̫ӵĴҪˣ
̫ǰףУǿտĹǽУصŶ׳ɽӵĺʦ
ӿһѪȵⲨ׳ʷУ
Ľֵվеˣ̫һƥͷŽɫףڶм䡣
ǸˮһӦþ깤ˣһһָҿ·һƬǽ壬йõĹȻʩ
û˵ǰ;գ˴һȥ֪ȴǵĽʲô
˳ǾƺƵĴһ²ŵﰲ
˷ޣ£
Ѿڽ⣬ȴѩƮ䵽ϣʿǽ˺һ˪
ĸԭϣҹҰǵĺУҿ¡
֪ɳĮôҺ̫ӪһŻҹǰ;
ֻ⣡ﶾܶ࣬ˮҲѷ˰ϢҪ׼ɵ㣬ܲս𣿴̫ӳҲǰڰӣƭƭѣ
ĻͲˣҡҡͷȻ㲻ϲ䣬ȴϣܰÿã󲻸ģ
ӳǼᶨ顣
̫뻯ŵ㣬ͬʱҲѨ
ƽأûпǹҪսֽţ
̫һվ쳤Ц˵ˣ䣬ȻĻҲװɵװʮ꣬ΪߵʱûΪ𣿡
İţ
ʲôʧڳĴ̿͵õͻ̰ɱǸˣ͸ñһֱţˣҲҪһ·
˵꣬źص޷תߵϢˡ
ƺԼİŷǳ⡣
ֻһˣյ£硣
ҪˣǵĽŲѾսԽԽˣ
ڶ죬ڵ˰ڶʷӭǣҽսơ
֥ӣһѾɳĮذĽǧ
Ĳӣǲ̫һ㣿
˾κԼ»һˣгĶ˵Ǻʹǩ˽ģսɷģҴƵľ񲿶ӵװܵУսΣһȨʮ
Һ̫ӿһۣ˵Ļսͬȡˣ
֮ǰһҪȷԽ룬һƬǳµĸԭ
֥ӷԽ˴룬˶೤ʱ䣿ͬеĴʵ
ѵڣǸڶʷָ
ʮ죿ѾǺܳʱˣڸԭϳʮ죬˺ܲˡ
£
Ǹոտһϣ˲ͻҷ

 62 

ʮ
ڰϢһʱ䣬Ϸ罥ʱŰӪ·
ȻֹһȰ̫£Ҫμμѵ;Ǹǿ꣬ȴʼղϴӦ
˵˭ǴƵ̫ӣ£ǶƵ棿һ߸žоһ˵
ϣɳûгɵӰǣȴֻܹǰС
·;еĸգɽ½һ޼ʵƽԭϣԽԽ٣ԽԽࡣ
˵ľ޷󣬺һ֣ܴϴı
ʮԺ󣬿ʼʿͷΣŻ£һĸղֹֹˣƣ룬оٶȽ
Ǽɰģһķ磬ܿ͹ˡƤÿ˵ϣ˺ܶѺۡ
̫ӵ£ûвҽҪҼ̫ӵɫԽԽѿæҪȰϢ
ҪҰڰ֣ԼϵѺۣԼҺԽԽˣ
һֱǸˣȻ֪踺أҴЦ
һеңֻһЩĶǵ£ȴûԲԣҰããĵطܹҾԼһѾԽԽǿˣ
ϣܴʤ飬Ǹʱٻص۽綨ȻΪ
֪һȥԺ󣬳ˮܲܽã
ôҲҪأܽã
ҵһΣһ£̫һ޼ʵĻߵƽԭָѪϦҲҵһΣĿ̫
ңԶĵƽϣһѪգʣΧϼε춼ճ˰߲ϺɫϦ⣬ӿĲ׳ĳˮŰȾźƲ㡣
㶵׳۵ͻȻеߵع㣬ܵĴȻУԼǺС
£Ψһȳľɫ̫Ҳͻп
һֻӥͻȻʻɫĽýӰ͸Ʋ㣬ȥܿʧڻհƲС
ͻȻ˵ȫ⾰ɫסĻ꣬ǲ˲䣬ֱۡ
һµоҴҶƤôֲڣҲһȦȴǰ˺ܶࡣ
ӸѹˣѾ̶ӣȻ;ʼƣҲССվʿϵĵ¡
߹˸ԭɳĮЩɳܹ˲ڱǣ˵ĺѵ
ʱ̫ȴܾ񣬾Цң˵ڲһ˵ӣٻᱻΪǸŮˡ
ľԽԽ棬壬޵ľҪŷ
̫ӣҼ־ȥ̲סҪᲡģ
ĴЦƺڳЦҵĶ࣬ޣܿʧĻɳС
ǣʮԺ󣬾Ҫִ˹شʱ̫ͻȻϵ˸ա
ɫ԰ףÿֻžҽ׼Ŀɬҩ˵һ𣿡
ֻǷնѣһõģս֣ȴһһ̵þˡ
ңҪȥҪǰԺ˵
ûӪ
Цһ£Ϊһˣ˴г̣߽ǣɳĮĸصǵ֧Ԯ
ҽ֣ɿ
ܻȥˣȱڸϻذ̫ҲͶ٣Ψһһ·ǾִսϢ
µµߵҰ׵գͷȵ¶УһƬ۵ĻɫС
ҾͻȻ֪氵ĵ·ʱǾͷ

 63 

ʮ
ڣھµĵһдԽɳĮﵽ˺˹Ӹ
֥Ĳӣפ
ǵ𣿡̫ϣҡ
ǣ˷ܵĵͷԽԭɳĮںӴ㿴һˬˣ
Цһ£˯С
һ߽ϣæȥоսơ
֪ԭʳϺҪԴŽз߽õ鱨ԴŰľ񲿶ӣΪǿɳĮ̴˴ʳļſڡ
սʼռƣŶԷĲԮĶӣƽ֣ݱ˶ŵơ
ҷͬ˾ˣԷ˵ʮһں˹Уʤ𣿡𽫶ʵ
Ӧû⣡߽Ǹ˶ˣг˵йĪҪˣûսУռ˾Ƶģ
߽Ѿǽ֣ŶԶԷսг˽⣡һ߲䡣
ˣǲʸȥսģˣǿʼоսʱҾͻ߳˴ʣص̫ߡ
̫ˮԴĵط˶˺ܶ࣬Ѿڴϡ
ô˵
аմʤ̣
̫ˣ˿òҪĻҵĵ̫ûˣ
ҪúͷгȥĽ
ǶҲμӻ飡
񣡡
Ҫ¶һԳЦݣѾɵʮ꣬Ѿϰˣ
˵߽Ҫʹô󣡡
ǺǺܴһּҪ̫ܶ˷ܵĺұȻ
ǵģҸŸͣȴ
޴ļֻԸһֵˣ
ˮһۣǺɫ׺ǽڰѹƣ¡
ֻһСģţʳӵеƥþˣ֪ǵ᲻ֶ
Ļ̫ˡ
ʮս׼һѪȵĴսǰ
̫ӵ壬ƺѾȫ
ǰϦԼӪǽϹŵһɫףĶ˵ô
Ҫսףʵ̫ۡ
ǰȻôܹͻԳǴƵ̫ӣ
УҪӪʣȥһףǳϷĶڳνֻУսǳ˰ӣ
һ˦ңϴŰ˵Цףǻ͵ģΪƵ̫ӣô̰Сˣ
ϣĴ
ǣͷô״˼⡣
̫ӣҼһץס˫֣һһֱ㣡㴩۵ףҶվ󣬲ң
תǽϵƵ鵶ʣᶨ˵սҲվҵ㽫Զұȼ
һըףҵʶ塣
˵ʲô˼һ꣬ﵽЩʲô
ؾҲǣҲǣÿһӰ룬뷨ôңԶ
̫ͬҲû⣡

 64 

ʮ
¶ǣŻصӪУ븱һϹõ
ǳصףǾƳɣһδսףһɱ⣬űս£ֱ͸ĵס
ÿվӪеˣĬĬȴ˲ɱ
һսǰ
˼Ӫأûһ˽ӺͲԼ֣׼ɳϺѹѹһƬȫ׵սʿŴĿչ⡣
ż䣵ķ磬˺ҡģ̶
УͻȻһĺŽܵĺ˷ǰӵƥʼǰƶ
һ˵һ޴Ļĺɫǽƥ˻ǰȵо
涼ӴĶ΢΢
֮ǹӣųصװŹĳ;޴Ĵ󣬽Ÿں档
ʱ֮󣬲ҲʼˣƵĲԱƥֻڵսʱɱУ˹ǳǿ
˰ɣ̫ӵϹ࣬һƥ֮ϣŽɫףɫƮҡ
Ǽаʮıм䡣
ҵͷǣǰȥ
һ޼ʵƽԭϣϴ¡
һԤʾӴ飬ڵͶ޴Ӱ̤;
˼·ͻȻңԶǰһĺս綬յıܼҲ֪Ѿ˺˹ǽ¡
ԶһɫĽĻ֮£·ɳΪһ壬ǽ״ǳĹ죬Ƶĳǽȫͬ
һƬɱ֮У˹ǳŴ󿪣ضɽҡУһӺɫĶŷź˳
ȻΪǰؼױҴʳؼױȻһ飬ӡ
֮ƴ֮磬ȫܺͺˮͬնʱһƶͭǽڣŵضɽҡĺ㵹¡
һ죬ƹַɻȰǵصƶǽ
޴ĴÿѾװüֱ۴ֵ׼˴ʳӵķгһӡ
һ֮£ʮХÿǧԷڳ̵ؼױ޴ģʹǽ£縯ܵĵݡ
ɳУ£ƥ˻˲䲻ڶмߣ飬Ѫɽ
󷽵ĳ̤ǰʿʬ壬Ҳɽһ㵹ڵϣ̤
УʼѪζ
ʳؼױһγ棬˻ȥ
Ų֪˭һȳ飬ƮҡУƾҲųǰߡ
һƬĻɳ
ʿɱ죬䣬Դݿ֮ƣһĴŶԷ
ź˹ֳһʳףԲԲ䵶Ҳսš
۶ɫɫأһ¾ͱѪȾ죬˵ʬ壬ʬ壬ڵأֱ̤Ѫɡ
̫Ӷϣɫ԰ס
⣬ս𣿡
ǵģѾһսᱻпľ壬ھУ˵пϷ
̫촽ǰ޳ĳ˼
ɱ죬ǰĻ֪ĸʱȥĺɫĺϣϦѪ
һսڽˡ
սҷԶԶʤ˴ʳˣʧȴǧʿ
˹ǰ˫ӾձɫضĺɫвƵ죬ƵʬıĺС
ϦѪѪյ£һƬĿѪ죬ء

 65 

ʮ
죡߽ս̫֮󣬼Ƴǣʱǽ֮ʱҪ̫һǧ̤ϳ¥ҴƵĲߴ
Ĳս𣿡̫
ȻãЩ飬佫ˣ
һսҪ˾𣿡̫ǵʡ
ǣս˫ƣ˾ϻѹԵʤӶսپ
̫ڵĻ⣬ǵ죬ʲôҲû˵
ǲ˸߽֮תתȥƺǳ˵˾𣿡
˲ã˲ɣ߽ͰĽڶʷø»ӣȻǶоԵΰɣ
ҾþϰڹĶǵԵʣһˣĺѣԳЦһ£ֻϣսƻһ˳ɣҾܰĵĻص
ûκܹԽ
ǣ¶һƻЦݣʱ򣬻λ͵֮ͬ
ŵӰʮ꣬Ȩ׷𣬾ȻԵȳ̶ȡ
ô£˿ɱ
죬߽˵ƾǿӲƾżӲ׺ȽװƵľһֱȡѹԵʤ
Բ˵Ĳӣսʤ˶Էʮ
ڵʱ򣬷һתԵıʣǰ˾ȻжͲϵҲ޷֧Ԯսƣ
ֻսĹ¾ս
㣬̫ӿߣоȻܼƾʮʿ׷׾ƣ̫Χм䣬һͭǽڡ
ˮѾ׷׵ӿǰɱ죬ûκ׼ĴʿͻҴ޴롣
̫࣬˵ٶ̫ЩӥĿĸ»ʿܿ׷ǵĶ顣
һʿ£Ѫ׷УЩѾԽԽ
ǴŽеļٸҴҳɳĮ
ʱɫЩѾ˶ڣһ˲䣬ǵİΧȦС
ڼٸ˵Ĵӵ£ҳ³Ƶ
ҵһΣս⣬Щİģɱˣڼʮƽԭϣʵ¹⣬Ķǡ
̫ӣҳ̫ߵһĹٵһҪ̫ӱм䣬ҴһǰΧȦһ񲿶ӵ󣡡
ֻ಻ˣƣ룬ﻹʲô񲿶ӣ΢΢˵ɫңҪϵ
Ȼ䣬ˡһһѼƵӺ洩͸ĲӣѪ˲ɽãĿС
ϵ鶯£ϵȥ۾˵ϣûϢ
˭Ҫ˵ĵĻ³һ̫ں֮ϣɫҹɫĹԡ
ɫմŵѪתͷ߾ٳɫĻҴƵ񣬼ʹκʱ򣬶¸߰ͷ­ҴƵжȱֻʣһȻѪ
ָŸԭǧѾǾ͹ٵһɱһѪ·
˵񱼣ЩѾķ˹ȥ
Ǻɫ磬ҹɫлһ˵ĻССģ壬ȼÿ˵ۼʡ
̫ӣ尡Щļʶʶǵһź֮ʿǶ˳ȥ
ʿ˲ΰǡ
˷ܵĸЩʿм䣬ʹſµ˵˵İΧȦ
ѪͣѾӿǶŴƵĵôļڲкƵ
սڳսȫͬͣĵ˷ƴĻϵĳתۼʹ̵˼ˡ
⼸˵£и˳ǰͣӰζͣй
ֻ֪ľĿһһӵˣѾȫ治ҡ
ˣһͷ­Ҳˣҿ
ƺίٵĵ£ȴ̱µһģһˣϵӿ
֪˶ԶҵЩ֧ȵѪ͸սȴԶԶûֹͣ

 66 

ʮ
ҳһ϶̫ͼϸߵʿһսæɱһѪ·ȥ
һסƴҪͻΧΧȦ档
ڸʲô˼ѪۣѪѪĹ֡
ߣѵЩʿƾǲ׷㣬ϿɣҷĳַֿһѾ
̫һ£ȾѪʼ鶯Ҳܶǲ
㻹Ҫص㻹Ҫ̳лλǽ𽱦ȥսĵطǰ͵
㱼ʧһ£ֻͷƴʿͻȻһҧ񱼡
ҽĸΪĵ
̫ӵܺãûмܹ׷ϡ
ҺͼױƥЩͨĲֻ䣬ѾȺˣԶԶ˦˺档
õҹУɱϴ
ЩΧʿ׶༪٣紵͸ǽѪѣƣոѴѵǣȴûһˣͷһۡ
¿Լͬɱĳ档
֪˶ãǰʼֶ͵ɽڣֱĴ͸ҹƺѾԶս
ҹ䣬̫ӻٶȣĵ˳Ĳݵƽԭϡ
̫ӵ£һȫĵطҵҲ˲ƺҪסصףҲ
ȴ˫棬ҡ
̫ӵ£һŵ˹ȥȴڵϣʵ
ȫһڵϣȫߡ
ⳡ̣ˣ
˵ĲʣĻȡʤǰϦԼľӵ򣬰˾С
ļױҲѰ˵ϣû˿ٶһ¡
ģžĺҹУϴ̫ӳı˺
̫ӣϵĵ㷱ǣӣ˵ⲻĴɱǣһˣ޷ȫ
ˣҪǻı߶к
ոգ˵Ļܺãͷоӣĺݣ룬ǶԴ̫Ӷ
һһֻ֣סҵơ
ͬʱ̫ӵĺƽٿ
Ű֣Ǳ˴˵֣
֪ʱƣĽ˳硣
ȵ۾ʱѾ˵⣬Ŀϡ
תͷΧǼױڲݵϳ˯̫ӣʮָۣҵߡ
ãƣҹһУһµجΡ
ҷ̫ӵմѪգ̫ӣҪصУ
۵һҲûУ˫ۣƺǳʹࡣ
һæͷ­ֹ̡
ˣ
ô죿زãƽԭϣһ޼ʵĿҰУҪȥҩ
ҼæǼױҡѣŷǼΪǴӳģĵͷλȫϤںδ֪
̫һֱڻԵ״̬û˿ɫ
ϣһ㳣ʶ̫ǵķ򣬲ͣȥ
ԭҰϣףûһˮԺȣＸҪð
һ⣬ѵϵĲݼɫŨʱʡ
ǵܹ֧ţ̫Ҫô죿
ڻԭ죬̫һȦֻҹ¶ȽʱܹһСᣬָңԶĶԺ߶ų
ģһص֣Ŷ˵
ȥˮ޵ô
ҪԼȥһԿõ
ҡҡͷѵ촽ǣһ˿ЦĻС
ͻȻޣȴ۽Ѿɬᡣ
ֻ˻ƵĳѵĴӺﴫ
صڣԭžҹա

 67 

ʮ
ʱ̫Ѿòϣһͷͻһߣžͻ
ֻ·˵£ĻɳУߵһľɫԶҲûоͷ
̫ӺᣬҲݣĿҵıϣһûгĺӡ
ƥһӰƴһ˵ԹȥͲ
ʵЩһֱû˵ߴ߽ĵ
˵٣
һֱûи㣬ǰĸסûдӦҲ뷢䣡
֪Ž¹ѵأп˽һҰĵˣ
ǺǡЦһ£ϧҸҸ㣬ȥ׷ǷݵܺĻ׶༪١
һæڵϣ֪Ƿܺ˭ͳģ
ڶǣһ˿ϤĽƻЦݣһĺӣεˣ˭ءҺͻ֡ĻǣװɵװɵȨĶȨӪôãȴһ񣡡
㲻Ҫ˵ˡҼæҪֹǸ˭Ѿܲ³߰˰ˣľ񣬼
ֻн㣬Ѵ֮͵õ֧֡
˵ֽ꣬۾ϣҪ
ַڱϣּѵǰ·
£·ûоͷ
£յȴǵ
ҲҪܣȥĺӣ
صʻĳ
ǵϣ̫ӾͿʼŻ²ֹѳԵθɫĲ֭ȫ˳
ʹĥȴֻһ߹޲ߡ
ҹǰץסԼ·ѹԼĿ
Ҫˡ̫ӵ۾ͻȻѵõ˷ܵĹԣҲʹˣ
Ҫȥһܹص
῿ڴʯϣסҵ֣󣬴Ӧһ£
˵ɣκҶʼᣬϢĻҵա
ҪҵѶ©صȥƽ
ҵɴ۾ԼĶ䡣
ȴ˵̫¡Ҳ롭ʱ̣ҪԼ׽µ
ȻвԸǺݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ǾͺáҸЦһ£һصˮúòá
ٴε˵ͷס֣һ֣СС꣬ͻԶԶƮߡ
ҿĵֵȸ֡
ãҴӦ㡭Ѿʵ˵
ĵ˵ͷѵļ˵ôϧ㿴һȫµĴơܺ㣬һΰĳ
۾εĶҹգ񿴵˳ΰ׳۵Ķǣ񿴵ĳǺɫĹǽͷ׵ѩ仨
˫۾ʧȥ˹ԣȴҲûбϡ
㶵Ĺǰ֣ҹ䣬ÿ߹ι
˲ӥ˭꣬ǽý񣬷ɵңԶģ޷󼰵Ĺ
ڶ죬űʹһ˱̫ӵʬ壬ûκ˼֡
壬ǰһЩɾĵط·ܵһί
ߵʱȵ£ʬѾЩΣʼпµӥǵϷ
ֻȥԵɢ塣
ھ֧ʱ򣬸߽ŲĲɳĮҵսʱɢǡ
Һ̫ӵԣѾϢȫֻ˵ˡ
Щ̫ҵˣҲòμӣֻȻصܴ
ҵĵжҵһһεļӡ
˹ս۰ˣľʧء
һвƵģƣĲӣŻŵˣ˵ˣҪ׵ɳĮصңԶĳ
ĮֱԲ
ҿľ峵ϣŲãɳصѪϦһη֡
ңԶգ컣ԶУȴԶִﲻˡ

 68 

ʮ
оʮգڵһ̶ӵվϢƣ䣬ܶʿ㱡
ǼױһӲһªľҹ
㲻Ҫ𣿡һ̫ӵںڰж˵
ǣҳ˵ͷҪǻص̫ȴԸ
߰ɣǸӳЦЦЩˣʱ͸̫ӣΪ̫ӣԣ
˵ͷóһϸϸ¾Ͱѿҽϵʹ򿪡
ǻ㣡һˣںڰг¶Цݡ
ǣô죿
ǲɱǣɱǣ˭ֵ̫Ӳܵ𣿡Ǹ˵꣬ŲݶѣϢһĿʿССĳµĳ
ǻ˼ɫԽ˯ʿéݵľš
ϡߵع㣬ɫ¹⣬ˮһкʡ
ŵһ𣬿˾ָƥޣʮƥ˻űĿҰ
Ǿû׷ˡǸո˵꣬һѲߵʿ춯ҴҴӪŻѸϹ
һʱ䣬У㡣źиʿѣҴææѲǡ
ߣһ˵ݸһߵܵɳĮķǲ׷ȥ
żֻҵգľϡ
ߣ˵Ѿ͵һʿһͬʱéеҲţսš
Щˣҧҧѵһ壬ƴɳĮȥ
׷ң㼱٣ƺڶߡ
ұ߻ͷֻһųìսݵڿҰУת˲
ǰһǳìѾ۵šǱڵϴ˸һ
ǰָܣƽЩ̰Сˣ̫ôЩ׷ߣ
ĸͣת˸ܡ
ܱץܱɱ̫ӵиҪô죿
ûĿҰϣôܵù
ҾȦӣһ£һ£ûͷӬһײǶ㲻Ĺ
ģûģȽľ
ǸϵˣȴŪ鿴ƣڱҡ
ϿһȥܴɣȻСҴ̴ȣ
֪Щ˵Ŀ£˵ͻĴǶԴЩķˡ
ۼĳìִҵ壬ۼŭԽԽͻȻһ˻ҹա
һɺɫ磬ž޴ĳһ¾ײ
ǸĳìŷббĴ̵˻ɳУ뼸硣
һƥɫģߴĿף¹ҫĿĹ
̫ӵ
һסɿķܹҵ˼һ˳ȥ
Ҳ֪ƥǲǴõֻ֪䣬ǾͽԶԶ˦ˡ
ҹУƴȥͣ
ƥҲܵرƺҵһС
ŵץסбߡ
ǲأǲ꣬ƥϣҪңһص
ҹУܼڿտĻɳصȴĸ꣬Ļ
һһϢ·ڴﵽ˼ޡ
һֱûҵʳˮѾҡҡλΣѰϣʱҪ
ƥ˼죬һֱȱˮԴҲǰֻСɳС
ɵܣϼֱҪðҴʱѾ˲ϸ·ˣʼȥˮԴ
죬ǰֻþܿдеĲݵأߵ˽ȴֽ³˻ɳһС
ֹһ죬ѾǣǶУƥҲѾﵽ˼ޣȽŲȣƯ۾Ҳʧȥ˹
һͷԵȵ˵ɳϣϢֻܵˬʱٸ·
֪˶ã˵¶£ǽչߣҵĶ߾
ڻ
Ϊⱻ׽һֱߴƺͬٵ̵ô
һǷ۾һƬ˵УĿУƥߴվڲԶ
ӰҡҡλΣƮƮҷҷ⼸ռ˺ܶεĺ¥
þˣҷĳ֣ѵ˵ҡҪص
СԼ
һһƬӰҵϣǸ˰źĲֻ¶һ˫۾ӸµһֺЦ鿴ҡ
ɫ۾ſֵ˷ܵĹ⣬Ϊʲôÿμ㣬㶼ֻ߶仰أڱлɳĮ
Ŭǣһ˿οЦݣ˻Ƶ˵ߴ󽫾ôȹϵܵƫԶˡ
ĻɳУ˵ȷصˬʵЦ

 69 

ʮ
žҹĵƽʵϣķ嶣ҫĿģȴ˵Ļߡ
ڳ˶ʮ꣬ѵõĳƽȴֻ־塣
Ƕҵ̫ƽʢȴ֪Ǽĸ˲Ϣ䣬ֻҪһͻɥ֮Ȯ
еȨƣ˻ţ˵Ĳᡣ
ոȥݼʺѾõ׼ȷϢ˹ս۰ˣ̫δ
ⲻҪĽֻҪ֮һɵĲ޵УڻУ̫ӼʹŻҲǰѣʮӡ
лĲҪʲô顣
ɫҹ˵룬įĸ˵ԶⲨĿУƺŲϢ
ͣҪعһƿĳԸϳĳȥԺϵͷ
Ǹɴ۾ΨΨŵŵĴӦˣæñӳǼƥͷ
ĴѾңңɼȴûӽϤޱȵĸۡ
վˣͻȻʹӺڰдܳȵĴźɫ·ˣǰŹƵĹŮūƺûеֿǰܵĵݰ㵹ڵϡ
Ѫɫʯ·̼䱻Ⱦ˴Ŀɺ졣
ҡô졭ϳĳոպһͱһд̴ţûкһ۾ؿھһͷ
ѪȾƽеա
˭Σ֪ǴƵĹ𣿡һƿǰĳɫϵ³
ֵˡΪ׵һ󺺣ЦһһĽ۵Ĳ俳ȥ
ۼн֪ӺδܳһĹâһ¾ͻǴеĳ
ƽֻûæһҹȥ
ΪɫʵҹУԼӰһĸߴ趯һĳ
ոǾһӳġ
һдδǱֻܵǰʱȴסˣŸڵһһǰߡ
Ϊһˣʶ
һúܺÿˣüĿӲʣٮã΢΢ЩڵƤƺովһɳ
۾ȴһ˿ĿǱĹ
ô㣿㣬δġ
ƽûк¹ˣͲûŻˣǰ׿вҪɱ
ǣȴû뵽Լ䵽С
£ǲǣΪҲٴĻɳУҳǫ͵ľһ
ϣ¶һ˿Եľɫ˵˵̫Ҳˣ
ûлشͻȻɬѵµĳһ㣬Щɱֵķȥ
ཻųĻ𻨣Ǽɱֺܺã˲ͽ˼У಻
ߵİҲǼɱֶһ𣬳صǴõˮ©
Ѹٷ˼֮ڱռȻһ͸Ǹɱֵ
ŵ֣漴Ѫҽ³ˣתۼʧںҹİС
ǿöȥֲˣԻͷ㡣
𣿡ʧķеĴӣҵõשмɣӻûдأ
Ҳ嵶ʣһֱվһ߿ֵģ繫Ӹһľĸؾٵа취ʱ䣬ϻ˳
һЦʵкܶƽĻҲһа취
ȷʵҪܶƽҹ̵ƴ·߰ƥټϹǮǾ˵Ŀ
ʱƽʱίڵأŭèһ׺ݵĿҡ
һȥͳǱ빲ĺɫذףϸĲϣһ£
ĿСˣֻ῿˵ıУ裡
ԱֻҪһƫеСˣȻܴҸͲɱ
ҵĸףôģҶһһʡ
ɫһ¶ɫ
Ƿܺǲͳȥģ
㲻֪ǳȣƼװȡ˸ղŵĿ־壬һܺû֪дŵ˭ǿ϶ǣһг֤ݣ
ҵͻȻһΪдܺһǹȴû뵽ʸڷϡ
ѵ𣿡ҼеʣõֶЩ
׷ѰۼһӰ
ͻȻһЦңõĴƹȻȥѾ˼ݺһ¶׹⣬ҵĻһлѵҵĲϣ

 70 

ʮ
˵ûдҲǣ̫ҲǣȨ㳯Ұֳƣֳ꣬ľֻҸ͹ˣüֻϣ
ãܺ׾ӵķӡ
ֻпյпΪһжˮʯ
һõס۵ĲӣһڣٻҸһף͹ˣ
ǣյգЩм䣬࣬ȴһ
Ȼջذף˵߰ɣ̫һģԺҪСģЩ̿ͣʹưոݡ
̫ءڵϣԻңĿ̿֡
̫ӡǸӣԶɳĮУҲˣҼѵĶ˵
ǰĹһ¾ίڵϣŴ۾նϵķǣľȻʣ˵ģģ
ǣҵ˵ͷص㣬Ը
ƺƮңԶĵطŽ廪ڱʯϡ
Ӱ˵˵ĴִŵĿ⣬εĶǹ貵ҹգƺҪǶУҵ׵ܵ۾
߰ɣؾ߹ҵĸ첲·ϣྣͷѪҪ뱨ٻһҲ
ٻһҲ
¶ĸŸؾ٣ųҹ·ȥ
ЩССĸǽӰ˶˵Ҳҵഺгޣ
ͻȻƽ˻ƵĽûõث֣Ͳ뱨𣿡
ҵһȴǼǰߡ
Ҹ㣬ֻиҵӡţԾֱ͵ϵУǷţп˵ӡ£ҹд侪ģȨҵӡģֻйĳʷ
ͣ½Ų˵ȥȴڵϣ֣ʾҹȥ
ҿһ۸ؾ٣һʧҡ
ǣ޵̫ǿ׷ѰĿ޷ֵ
һתƽ
Ũױһֶһıͷҡ
֪һ
лͿ˵ְӵϷָ̻Ӻݻӡ
Ҷ˵ǲǸһ룬ǸдܺˣԸĸףأǲǣҪģǰ֮;µأ
û˵ȭͷȴ߬ĺܽ
һֱҶţΪ׵ĵλ̫Уⳡ֣֮ѵ׷Ѱķ򣬴һʼǴ
ǰҵĳʷǸܸɵͷճ˵ǣǼұ֮ĲãȴΪȥƽѰ֣˺˵ſϣһͷ˵˵ǲеΣ
ڰʾңյĳʷ֮ڣĿһۡ
ʲôҲû˵ֻδһʣ
·תû뵽Ͷ·״£ֿһµ
Ժҽؾڳ̽ҵλճʷס
һڲССԺ䡣
ֻϦУһ˸ϵʱȴִŽգſӲݴ
СнСҼæס
Ͱˣ˵ү̻֮أ֮ûĿòϼȥˣ
Ƕõ£
мˣ˵ƺոճ£Ǿ;ټǨˣ
ôô죿ѵһµķ¶ûа죿ǰСԶƳ㶵վУµ;
ֶˣոѰҵϣת˲ʧ
ȻžСͻȻƽȵĽŲ
첻ƺͥŲ
ľҪţҼæƫӣ·
ȴҵͣӴҵļϣЦȻ
Ǹ˼ףӢ˲ɫĽñʲס
ȴΪ

 71 

ʮһ
ôһֿµ뷨ʼӿҵͷ
ǰǸգٴλصʱһÿڣլԺ
ѵһеʼٸߣһֱΪ֪
ҵ֣߬סµĳָס
ҪᣡΪˬʵĴЦӹķԸģ˵ˣҺɣֲ֪סںδֻã
̫ࣿ
ɵĸ˸һ¥ٱ
߸ߵ¥̨£ĴϣӢĹ幫ӣڰϣȺҡС
Һ緢ƺԼʱ⡣
ˣˣΪԼĳ룬ƽ²˰ʱγ˴⣿
ЦЦеľơ
ʱˮڵǣѾҲĵشˡ
ޣбˣѾĥǵģ۾ɥʧ峺Ĺâ
Ҫһ£ΪͻȻصĶ˵뿪Ҫ£
ţʲô£Һʡ
й©ҡҡָ˵һǳҪˣҪˣ
ѵ˵̫ӣȷʵصʱ̫ӵѶ޷ڣЩ˻ǵõϢ
֪ҳ̾˿̫ɵˣʵȫôģ
Ϊƺҵ˼ۿȻһ¾ͺˣ˵̫ɵˣΪѾʲôˣαдУ
˵ʲôͻȻеԾĻ
Ϊȴװ˯ҡ
ֵĳֵϣͷܶˣһθеһëȻĿ־塣
߷䣬˭Ҫµķƣ
ҹ˲ôִ࣬ŵѰŵճʷʱ˿
ҵƽﵱʱ׸ĸŮÿѾ˼ǰĶ͡
ҵ˵ʱʬСȴ˵ʷûˣ޶¡
ʮת˲ţȴͻȻдһ˵Ϣʵۼݱˣ
˵һҹ֮䱩У˭Ҳ֪õľʲô
֮У̻Ĵժеĸֹ֣ͣ
ڽϵˣٴɫ·
һϦ֮䣬ֵģµһĺΰУ⡣
˵ز˾ҪؾٲֹһȰҾȥ
ʼûдӦȻ׷һˣеĳȴԽȼԽҡ
ɲʱ򣬹ūͻȻǰݷá
ƽȻҪң
ڸߴĹУǰҳμʱĸ߹
ȻТʩ죬ȴԵ崿ģСŮҫĿ
֪С˹к£ҼæϹټ޷ӡ
֮ĳԹһʹЦŶ˵⣬֪ԸԸΪңڳ
⻰һ㶣֪λش
ȴ˵ΪڶŮʵĳ㸸׵ԩҲܹϴˢ
ڶŮʣһըףĿɿڴ
վʮԺ󣬾ҪǻƵۣǲǱĵڶŮ𣿡
ģЦ绨ͻȻһɺ⣬ʣѵѵϣ㺦ģ
ȴÿɷ񣬰˵˵ңСʱ򣬾ͱãΪһѲ켺ɱ޵еĵ֪һѵ³ô𣿡
ûеʱմѪĵͺüֵ
һЩЦһܵǣһеĹɱ¾Ƶҵϣҽڰҳôһжˣ
ԣ֪̫ӵѶʱˣ
˵ͷǵģһҲʧˣҲɱĻһģͻң
ǣ׸װ
ʲôֱ𣿡ߵǰ£Ǹ߸ϵλã˵ˣ£һӦ˭ֲΪȨӨˣ֣ߣԶ磡СĵܵܣսɳΪ˵õǸѾʧȥ࣬ʹɱףʲôͬ
ͷԹһۣˣӺСʱ򣬾ѾϰĻɱڸոʶֵʱ򣬾ѧگķʲôڣֻܺ˻ʼң
һη֣ݶĹ˵Ŀ
ƫͷһ˵εӨǰһ˵Ц˵ܵܣڻɳϣ˵ȵѹеʱ룬ҲǹҲǻ׵ĻǲǣһƽĽһΪԼ÷£ΪԼĵܵڷ絲ꣿǣһĻ
ҵ˵ͷǰʼģ塣ЩȥˣЩʼǰȥ
ʱһȣ¶޻ڵЦա
ӦңʮԺ󣬾ҵǻʱһҪ
һȸϣֵ˳УᣬŮʣ
ˣοĳЦһ£úϵŮ
ǣʱȴ֪һΣƽЦ

 72 

ʮ
ʱΪʷҵ𣿡
ȴƣҡҡͷ飬ô˵Ϊ𣿡
һֱĵ׵ʣڵõ֤ʵ
ΪȻżȻ
ֻһܣڻլģ޷гصĸС
ʷпС
Ҵæ߳ϺΪļȥ
ʲôѾ壬ֻһͱԶԶ˦˺档
ôôɵһֱ˾ҵߣҰѾԻøƭȡҵΣװұȴһ
һǰǸɱ֣Ѿ׼һһҹڳʷƷµҡ
ΨһĿܣΪģΪֻ֪һȥȡƽʬ壡
ܵ÷۵糸ҺܿΪĸۡ
ţ쿪ţƴĴɫĴš
һūСţոҪңҷŭĽѾĲϡ
ֻò΢΢һߡ
ҴҴ
ɫ׶ļūŵɫָԺ󡢴һֱ鷿죬ûгţ
鷿ҿ첽ܵԺᳵ·ҵǼӡ
һǸʮʱһɵĵʱõ£ͺ̸ʫ۾䡣
ǽǼϤѾܰԣƵĵƻ𣬴ӱĴɴ͸˲ͥԺ
ңԶģظеĹݡ
һѹסҪըıߣƿȷš
ҷҷУһͷˣǰ
̧ͷһۣˡ
УеĽѡ
㣿ҵƽԼԾ
ǣͷеĵࡣ
Ϊʲô
µõͷҲ̧ǰҽɵĸǳľδǴƵĹЩҶܱȣ̾һһɽһҵǰֻҪڣҾ͸ƽƣ
ΪЩԭ򣿡ҲƲסһѰеĽĲϣͺȫҼҵĸ׿磿ҵֳ촦ҵĸҪĥ
ŭҪҷٻ٣ⶼĲϲҪҵĿƣѪ
ǣΪ˵ͷǸʱңֻЩۣԲͨ˳ʷ͵˹ӡдһܺ񸮵̫͵˻ϵУ
˵꣬Ŀңǣζû뵽أ֪ҪŵʱĺܺڣԲȥҹæ
ҵǰʼģ㲵ˣȻͬ꣬ȴô࣬ظ
ңΪڣҴųʷȥƽְѾӵ˳Ĵ˺УʵôһֱεںﳯҺȣҶôȴҲ첻ֻ֣УÿȥǸլԺԼΪ˷ֱ֣ǰ죬㣬֪Լѵʱ쵽ˣ
˵ųҲȻһЦ֪ԴǰڴмŻҾҲû˯һκþҶ룬ܹԶ뿪һδεģܹȱȥңԶɻŻˣ룬ڵ˽ѵʱڲüܣϵļ尾
۾˳ջ£
ҵ΢΢ˮģҵ˫ۡ
ôôõѰ٣ֵõһ
һ˵ˣƽӨ̫ӣǶȺҶȥѪ֮С
һȥܹҵľܴͷ
񿴵ƽѪڳЦаʱһªӨʱһˣ̫ӣһ۾εעҡ
Ǻһ˲վҵǰҡҡͷһֻ֣εĴҵĽϡ
ǽǧأҼ̧첲
ɱҰɣΪ˵һ顣
㱼俴ϵľֽһŮˣݽģǳһˡ
ͻȻУӵеĳɱĸۡ
ҵĸû壡
һ˷УҪͬʱܣֹĿֻźĵĳͷ
ڤڤ֮УѾǸ˳Щˣҹż尾ĻڣԼ֮С
ڳžĽֵУҪеĸȫ˦ѡ
ҵһΣж˼ϵļһΣٻųȥɹ
֪˶ãһͷһ˼Ӳϡ
ؾվڽģŵĿңôˣûʲô°ɣ
棬мѾ޷˵ֻŴӻͳǱںڵذףһС
ޣһ˫еĽ˵˵ͬʱҲԼѪ
룬ҲҪѽˣ

 73 

ʮ
źǵòʧȥ
Ϊʧȥ˹µʸ񣬶ңԶòԼϲŮ˵
룬ĳͷԻٵκ˵һ
ȻѾΪĽֺ֣αأٶһ١
ʮԺûеȵƽĵǻʰװ͸ؾ뿪
ƥɫϣűңڳȸϡȺַǳи߱ĿĲ˹ˣƤڵūµĸɫ֣һ׳۵Ľֵϡ
ֵߣѾˮ뻮һغÿÿſڣиӹŵˣĵʻ
ûˣȥ˭ģˣҪ̽һѾȥꡣ
һУˣ磬ɺȴҲ˵Ӱ
֪˶ãžǰĻ׳۵ĶС
ƽ
Զ
ӨҪʧȥ뿪ĳС
̫ӣ֮ǰǣ
ҵĻЦޣͱ˵ĳУҽҲصĻ
һǰУߴţһ㣬ס׵ա
߸ߵ񷶥ǰһĹٵ
ҪȥؾЦҡ
ȥ˫ʹСҵĸ׺ã
һصɣټĳϿ˵ȻǱ߷ѩһ㣬ȴһƬ磬թ
ϣҹЦֻҪˣͻҲͻвϵķ룬ҲһóŮӵȺգ
ȴ˵Ҹ·ֱƽĵִ
һƬĺУؾٺͰ磬ǰ
һûСڸ߸ߵϣ̤ϸϦԶȥ
ıӰɬޱȣסȴҲſڡ
Ҳܹһ֮˽֮;
ϾȢһλŵԵĹǵѡ
Ҳ֪ǰվ˶ãֱسǵʿʼҪŵźţҲ߽˳š
ڰҹɫУȳصģŸĴţĹϣײͺ¡¡
ҵĹ£ҲȴŵĹرն
ڸ𣬹ڰ飬ʧȥڵõ
Щӵģ

 74 

ʮ
ڼĲ԰дŶֲˡ
ڵңѾǸڳŶһؾˮĳˡ
ÿԻ滭Ϊ΢룬ĸ׺áȻƶȴܰƽ
ҳ˿̧ͷϵƾ档
£ǴƵĽɽƣȻΪУ
ǰǸҹҺ͸ؾٸո뿪ʱ򣬹ǽһӭѪȵɱ
ƽ䵳ȫɱ̫С
Ϊ׵һӣױƽûнһͷ뱦ͬʱء
Ҳ֪һ죬᲻ȥ
֪ԼǷС
˶˵죬ͷڵϴ˼ĵ̺Ѫ͸
õȴһֽѵ΢ЦɢҫĿĹâ
һ˱Լֻҵĵ·
Ϊȴ֮ˣÿڣͷɢСеı̫Χ
Ϊķ裬ȴӹƲá
˵ÿ춼̫ǰ滭
ǵ֮ϣʼնֻһŮˣ
һ˶ģ߹ˣƷбڹϡ
˻еŮ˭
ȴֻЦ
ǣǽϰĴڣϰݵһֺõࡣ
Ͼ̫ÿ춼Ҫ̫鷢
˭ܹǵãյķ
Ǹ˵ʱҵݸһ裬ɿʵĴࡣ
Ҳ֪ʲôŽҸΪܹǹȥһУܹӸнѣܹһһ⣬ԶԼİŮˣֱȥ
ֺγһҸ

ֹһ꣬ڵͷϣؾٵ̽Ӳٺϵ
˵䣬һλȨŲͶ˴ƣһƬҡ
ҿʼÿҹţһ鿴
Ҳ֪ؾٵӮһһֻ֪۽Σһң
첻ˣһڵҹڷ糾͵ҵССԺС
겻ϲΣר裬ȻҾĲ԰
ѾںЩæȥؾ٣ôûʧƣ
ǿ¿ңϴŲεĽˣֵ֧һ߶ȨɣѾΪķˣ
һʱᣬղſ緢ӣһΪȡȨ
еʱʧҲʧΪһ¡ֵ֧ˣΣȴҵĽ¸Ϊңǿգ̾˿
ܹͺãҴߵһССᣬûмź򣡡
Ȳ裡˷ܵĴ֣һɣһصǱߣþöûˣ
ҳЦЦ䣬㣡
ɺҹɫУţΨҵĺУһСʱʱˬʵЦ
Ƕ˵ã
˽Ϊǣơ
ȴԶ֪
֮£һܹ
ֻףһƻ֮£ư֮ܲС
ڵִˣ
ңԶģеĳ
ңε˸ĺѼ䣬ȴңԶĻķҷ

TXT̳www.txtbbs.comӭTXTBBSƼ飡
ȫꡪ