------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
صļԣwww.27txt.com ṩȥ˴վŶ
ƷԻͼ,˲κθݰȨ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ǿޱ by ѩ

 

ۺ졢۰סơǾޱʢţ̵ҶӲţԭʼ 
һǾޱͼˣ᲻ɵؾ죬̾ϢϢΪǻǽϣֽϣ˿ǡ˵ϡ 
׼ȷ˵Ǵ˵˽ 
¶ļֵزţܵź顢Ѫ顣ס˵ĿУԿ͵͵ĳ֮֮ϵı顢񣬳衢𾪡ʹУµĽ̵λãܵŤ 
ţȱ޶ȵΪλã˹ǵģǸŰˣԳڹԳҪһ滭һʱǰΪˡ 
ýʣϸϸ軭ȻڻϸУϸϸϡ¸ҶزţλãۺĻ䲢ٿš 
Ȼ󣬻ȥ֮䣬ƬҶ࣬ķһͦģܺĻ١֦ҶŽͥߵΣԿ使ϺǾޱһȫһȴƿƱա [] 
ذĺͥǷۺĻģͼǿҵʹ֮£аزסһһգüͷ˼⻨Ĵôʲô [] 


ҵǽµ֮һ 
һִ̫»ϱţռַ⡣ 
ƴ߽̫ߵ̴Ѿ׷¹ 
ڶʷٶСʵգҪҵ̣ 
һӣ㡣 
Ǽ檣ҵг裬˵ûʲô𣬶ֻѣһ̬һǷ̬ƽʱ׷ʱҲԳһһһƯƤĿһĵü˳Ŀǲסһƴڴȡ 
ʷٶ飬ĵЦ²ߣҵЩɫЩҪµġŪ˸õĺӣ࣬ҪҪԣ飬޹ܹܵ£һδЩǰܹܸոǰ챻š˲ӣǵһˡʷٶϣƼλãȨڶϾ͵÷ָһˡ 
ͣ˽Ųüͷõĺӣ 
ʷٶеȤˣæԣͷƺǣѩԴҶѩɡ 
΢΢һ˿Цѩɣ 
ʷٶ϶صԣѩ 
ƴ߽޵ŵŮ̴һ¹һеľͷȴһˣվ 
һϮѩԶԶȥЩƮȻĸоһмˣôʣ 
΢΢Щ㱣ĽŲܴ󣬺ܿߵ˰˵ǰԷӯӯ°ݣѩݼҵۡ 
һе򢣬˶һ̧ͷ֪νƮȻڡ 
ѩɵһ޾׵ѩĽë£бб˵۾˷飬΢΢ϹЦЦƷۺζ 
ƵʣƽҲбѩɸģĵģȴûѩĵЩ졣 
һ뿪ѩɵ򢣬ǣִ֣ȴһֻѩḲϣѩɣѩȻͷȻڵ£֣͵͵Ƶ۲ͬŵ壬ȴÿһÿһش˵Ϣ 
ЦһȻ˦ȵԼϴ· 
ѩɵӣһ˦˵ڵءأ飬ȴ¸еĻ̿֡衣෴ȻЦˣһЦȻƱӽⶳţƺеһжʧֻʣѩɵЦݡ 
΢ЦŽͷϵķһƵĳڿлĻߣɢ˫磬ڷ£ӳĵüĿ续 
Ȼѩ׵Ьӣ˿ĳ࣬¶ˡ˺Ȼӿһ˫㣬ʮƬһķۺĽֺûƿ壬Ѿվ۸סǶ˵㣬һеĴȥ 
·ôÿÿһƵģ˵ģĽŲʱȻͣ٣еˣľͷһ˵ϣŵؽ˫㣬ڽϡ 
Ȼʼ·ǺЦһָȥߵĳĵ̾һƹĲӰʼؽӣһšš


·ôÿÿһƵģ˵ģĽŲʱȻͣ٣еˣľͷһ˵ϣŵؽ˫㣬ڽϡ 
Ȼʼ·ǺЦһָȥߵĳĵ̾һƹĲӰʼؽӣһšš 
ƵĺȻսϵļҲȻӲһڹڵµ̴ǾƵһ۾ȴȫֱؿѩɣһȻ󣬿̴ȴһ˹ջĿ⣬ڵ²Ҷһ 
Գݷ͸һ֣һգ۵Ĺ̺عһܺذҲˡ¡ʱ򣬲ϲиǵû˸Դ 
Цһֻ˼Ѿߵ˴ߣһѩץȥ 
ѩ΢΢һЦƵ֣һЦô㼱ɫҽҪú̺ġֻǣܵһЩȤɣ 
֣ѾڴϣЦֲ˵㻨࣬ԭҪȤģãҵСŪóʲôȤ 
ƵϣָǰһȦȦػţŨŨıԵýǣȻǣûĻˡ㣬ޱȣ˵һ֣Ȼ̧֣⿪Ƶ£ǰвλؿһڡ 
ֻȻһӿЦѩɣСĺģһ˷ܣǰһ˺ѾԼͬ˺ȥڵ£סſȥ 
ЦһЦֱֵ˹ϸһͦһƷѹ¡ 
һҪһȴԼȫ᲻һҲʹˡȴϣֿ˫ţԼ˫ѹסаЦڽĿ 
һͬСɣֻסԼĿ£㡢Ҫʲô

ֻȻһӿЦѩɣСĺģһ˷ܣǰһ˺ѾԼͬ˺ȥڵ£סſȥ 
ЦһЦֱֵ˹ϸһͦһƷѹ¡ 
һҪһȴԼȫ᲻һҲʹˡȴϣֿ˫ţԼ˫ѹסаЦڽĿ 
һͬСɣֻסԼĿ£㡢Ҫʲô 
ЦааأҪʲôҪڴϷѽ˵ţ˫Ѿ˺ȥ㡣 
ƴ󾪣ɺȫʹһ˿ΪΪҺ˺ȥûнһ˺ȥڿ㡣ƷһڣȻȥ졪ס衣 
ƻû˵ڵĻ˺챻סĺסͷĿУϵѪţ١ֻȫȣסز 
ͷһ£ĿУͷ̽ʺյֻһ¡һ££סľסҪ֮ʣȻ֮䣬ͷĿгȥ 
һɼĿֱ¸ȥСһ֮Ȼ 
ͷȴѾƵƵľ䣬ػأҧƵͷµĺӡ 
ƴţƣӱƤͷҺ࣬ȫһսͻȻַǰĺӧһϢøۣ뿪ʪʪ˾Ըеǣһ·ǰĺӣ 
ͷһ 
ƾ̳һɲǼ䣬ȻĽԼģɵش󾪣ҧסԼ´ 
Ǹֳһ˿Ц캬סһӣ˱ 
̫̼ˣŤ㡣ĿϷŹڷܵضԳҧƵĺӣ£ƽҧ´ȴԱǼƺⱻǿ˸Ӵ̼ 
аЦһĶයŪӣͦţͬҲ̼ڵȼ档 
ηʹӣƵĿͷϡҡƵɴۣŭӣȴܾڵȼŵ𣬾Ҳʹ޷ܾ 
һʹѽ°⡣һ΢͸ܽһƸӴ°һŷ֣һǡһ˷ܵơ 
߾ѽܴϧȴһסĿܡ𣿡ЦûˡϧϾ͡ΪеȶȴĿʱزԼļͣĿʹˡ 
ߵú޲һͷײΪҵۣһۣڱһмѹʱܿ 
ȻȴŹаЦᵯһƲķȻĶصҼ𵽱ˣԹԣ벻ôУǵһ𣿡 
ƽҧס´סһҲҿԡ 
ûеõӦ̽ȥ 
Ƶӹ 
ƣ˷ܣƼҵķӦõļضŪơֻҪĳˣÿĴ΢ƶһ£;һѻڿա 
ƵĺԽԽ٣ǵͨ죬дż飬һ㡭ʧ롣أĨЦ⣬żֽƽŵĲϢ 
һָǰһ¡ 
Ƶ˲ᵽͷ 
ҧ´Ժڲס 
ָ̽Ȼ㣬ָƵϻȦȦƵĹɶһǹģȻ޷£סĿܡƵɴۣŤӣȴͻȻſĿܡʲô 
һָĦĶˡ 
ҵĿеűţԺըһƬû𻨡Ҳ޷ԼһʹмſеĿз 
һƿж϶طƾԼƮƮɵľ⡣ 
ֶȴֹˡ 
һ̣ǰļƳ䳯նɲǼʧӰ١ 
ĶתΪᡣָƵĿܣ̲ס 
Ȼ㶼˵ɴ˿֪ǺġĶߣаа˵ 
ƶݺݵصһۣ˵ɱ˵ĻѾɱһǧһΡ 
ЦһȥҧĶЦףҪ۹Һ㴺ȻؿңֱǴĹҵĿʧ 
ò˹ȥ˭֪ҵ۵ɱᣬʲôľ޼޲ҵƵ׺۹ŵûȥ 
˿̣þ񣬾ȻԱȻ 
ģˣʲôѽûë 
ҧתͷȥǿԼ 
а취Ը뿪ĿܣѸײڶ£תָüһ塣۵ġϰο 
δ˵꣬һɾԺͥǿþ֮£̲סҵĽ۵ģôϿƵֻʣһˡڵһɲǣΪԼҪˣʹ 
ȴɶһһŹڵÿһ̽ڵ˷ܵ㣬 
ҧ´һѪĿ£ȵʹżȵĿУԳ̥ҲûܹĿ࣬ܲסˡ 
ˡΪ߷壬Ҳ벻һɽһɽߡ 
 
˵֣ĶһΪѸ٣̬ǿҵֻ׷ʳޡ 
ѹƱϣֽסˣ׼Ӷᡭ 
ƶ䡢ϲϸĺ飬֪ϷŪ˶á 
ǵ÷ʹʼղҲš 
Ψпһһۻڣս 
ÿư಻סУԼֽʱܱǡôĶֹ 
ֻ޿κεĵȴ˭ȫ 
죬ĥ׻Ҫã 
Ժأƴֱ췢ˡ 
ˣҲܲˣ쳤˫Ŭǰʣͼ֡ 
ʲôȴϷſ֪ˣ˵ò𣿡Ȥ 
üȵĴ̼ѣ۷ 
ȴַ۵Ľɡ 
ˣ̽ 
ƺ䷢һǾ 
𴽽ǣ𣿡 
ҧ´ϿааһЦŬؽ 
ڣгƵǣɽݳݷ졣 
һиضŪ 
ˡƵӲͣ 
У㻹øӺú÷ɣϣĶᴵ 
ȫĵر۽ǣһ顣 
Ƶᣬе㡣Ȳͷһ飬Цҵ۵ε£߸ϵ㣬Ҳд˿̽ۿ֣ħһƵϲס֮أƵھֳ³ָ̬ 
һšһ߲ơ 
ŤӣϷ˵ĺ쳱һ˲ͻȻоǿҪ۶ȴֻȵýѪš 
ѽض̾ԼҲ̲סһʹֱ嶥塣 
Ƹ߸ߵͷɶ 
ššһͬʱӿ͸ϵ֮Է塣 
һ̣ѣĿԺﱬըԱ§סȵĿܽڡ 
Уûأӿ춯 
ˣܲˡƲţ˵ 
һ¡ճһֻסĿܣֲͷš 
֣ҲˣҪˡ 
Ϳˡʪıο 
þõòйƵˮźˮһεεصڽϣ㡢ɱҰɡ 
ͣȥشڿ۷壬ǵϸֱ߳ס췢ˡ 
ӣĶߵ͵͵صƣƣСƣơǺǣû뵽㻹ǵһΣôһֱͣҪͣҪ 
㡢㡭ƻҪ˹ȥԼѹ£ܣʼٸߣ 
Ǻǡ߸ߵش£СƣƲ壬㲻ˣҲˡҪޡһֻһ˺ѷεľʹǰĺӣݺݵһš̲סһص 
һЦ͵ÿޣҪЦһֻ̣һڴͷһĶ󣬾طһõĽʱĵشЦˡ 
ƺ޲һͷײ̫ãⱲڴֻб˳ΪΪ֪ôԼȴǾþɳ֮£ⴲϼɺͶĿһרҼһǲ񼶡 
δü˵Ȼͥһɼȵĳ弤ȻɽƵĿУȻ󡭡ſ֣ĿܺĿͬʱõͷų 
ƲֹĽ˳ 
ˣ̱ڽϡ 


Ǻǡ߸ߵش£СƣƲ壬㲻ˣҲˡҪޡһֻһ˺ѷεľʹǰĺӣݺݵһš̲סһص 
һЦ͵ÿޣҪЦһֻ̣һڴͷһĶ󣬾طһõĽʱĵشЦˡ 
ƺ޲һͷײ̫ãⱲڴֻб˳ΪΪ֪ôԼȴǾþɳ֮£ⴲϼɺͶĿһרҼһǲ񼶡 
δü˵Ȼͥһɼȵĳ弤ȻɽƵĿУȻ󡭡ſ֣ĿܺĿͬʱõͷų 
ƲֹĽ˳ 
ˣ̱ڽϡ 
ֻȫ󱻴շƵģ֫һָҲ̧øҪƵġصĺͥʹѾ˺ѳһƬƬʹѾһ 
ѹϣ˯ˡ 
һǿסԼ˫֣ǿԼȥ뷽Ǳһ̣ŬʹԼӣָҵ۵侲ǡ 
ǡ̫ѣ̫ˡ޷Լڲӣ޷ӷŵļ飬޷ѹϵ 
һҧþȫŽƿ 
һȻƣþȫ־ؿ㡢㾿ʲôˣ˭ָʹģǵĿĺڣԽ˵Խ죬˵һ仰ʱþȫųġ 
ǻ˱ĳϣʻ̬Ȳûвԣ磬߸ߵĵñϣ֮£ҵ۾Ӹ£˵Ŀ 
Ȼʩ˵Ʋû˼˿̣ȫѹ⣬ϳ˼Ǻۣһֻţѹ䣬ղŵļɳơһеһУ̬߰Ǳ壬γǿҵġЦķȡ 
΢΢𣬴һ˿Ц۹⿴֣Ƶĸػ£һšԷѾǰˡһҽУɹذѷ鼤ҵִۣѵū 
˵ԽԽȴǿ˿µĶħ޷˵ˣ㡢ʲô㡢һڵģҪǽǰˣԷħһšʹķεĴ̼ǰֱţ᲻ӿҽеðѾʡ 
ҧסĶĶߣ˵㻹ûŪ˭ˣ֪ܲʵдҺúõذǿǿָϣƵǰ˻ϣȻĳһһ 
Ƶǰ˺ȻֱͦͦٶȳȻⲢܸ֣ǸʹࡣܵǰˣУᡢࡢء졭ÿһµදȵĿȵʹ࣬ڼȵı֮ĥ 
ȫβֹֻֽץÿˣֻڴѾĥƤȴ˿תʹİٷ֮һѾԼˣύӣధ󣺡㡭Ҫ󡭡󡭡 
аа΢Цţ˿ʹ˭ءָһ꣺˵ѽ 
Ƶ־ܿԼˣ˵ѩѩɡǰ˴Ƶʹ 
૵ص˵ʶĺܲŶ 
һ䡰֪Ȼʹ˲߳ܣеˡһڣħֺȻſǰˣȫĵرˣһɼżʹӿ̱ϾĽٶȱѪȾ졣 
ǰ˶Ƕ˺Ƶʹ֣Ȼӣޱؿʱƻɢסһ£ȴ֪޷𷽲ֻеһˣſΨ֮ƣֻʱЩ裬һ˵ֻʹŷţ״ˣҰɣʵǾˡ 
Цһס򢣬Ц˽еѽʶʱΪܣȻҵۣ졣 
ƻˮݺ档 
رס˵ģֲ㣬ֲ㣬ֻǰˣޣϲұ𣿡 
ҧ´ҿڣֻҡͷ 
ͷȥϵˮã㣬Ͳٱˡֻǡ⡰ֻǡ֣ƻһ֪ػһĥ 
Ȼ䷢׵촽ʶ̫Ҳ̫ãΪãһǺŰɣҪͬ⣬͵ͷ𣿡 
ƽҧ´ǿԼȴ 
ü壬ᣬƳ˵ҪԸ⣬ٻֻòã 
ƻ޲ôôĥ֮ëȻĻȻѾڣôɵԸԸ⣿ֻ⵭Цôµĥ 
ƵĿУİ 


ü壬ᣬƳ˵ҪԸ⣬ٻֻòã 
ƻ޲ôôĥ֮ëȻĻȻѾڣôɵԸԸ⣿ֻ⵭Цôµĥ 
ƵĿУİ 
֣ͣаЦŵؿҪ˵ѽ 
εص㣬Ҫ滨ˡ 
΢ЦôϲǺˣ 
΢һԥȻ˫ѾһץȻ󣬿˿˫֡Ѿ޻֮ΪʲôҪ˫֣Īǡ 
Ʋȥһɾ޴Ŀ־ӿͷ˫֣Ѿ鲻Ҫ㡭 
ָػ¸ԼָսһЦҪ£ֻǸǺžͺá 
һҧһѪĴ£˻ףΪʲôңþȫ˵仰Ѿȫ 
˺һմ˾ҺѪĽƽҧأĿУص㲻ġаЦһ󣺡ڴ𰸣ԼȥҰɣ 
ƿǿմĽǹǿѪζ;ҺϢԱǶֱţ֮ĸоֱһͷײȻȫһ˫뿪ϡ 
ڰУ紵ȫѣͷڵ£ߣ˫㣬ȴֿ߸ߵߵĴϡʱڵѪӿţŵôƵʹ 
˫ĿȻֻ¸Χȶȼߣ۾ȴŻʣһЦ룬һ滭 
ţһɾʹħȥķʱݣǿҵֻһͷ죬̻ɣȥɣֻúһɺֱȴʺ֮Уһϲ̻˹ȥ 


ƵڷŵһλãٰչһһںáȻƵİɫ£ȥϵѪҺ 
Ȼīˮϣմ˻ʣʼа衣 
Ƶ¸ٺҶӣȻĶߣǾޱȻƵķ΢΢һ£ԭʼ״ǻһ仨Ϊãس϶ˣѪšȻ쵽ͥβٰǾޱһʢһ뿪ա 
Ȼʼ𳤳ļ룬ͷϷࡣ 
ÿһʣϼʱͿϣ˿ȥͼԶ 
ǾޱƵĸΣһʹûȥϱʹ۴̼ѹȻڼȵʹлȥʹģڴ̻ϵĻʱͷ߸һƬҶȫ۵ļʹеĵط 
شУۻʹѣʮ֮ࡣ 
ӹŵпĶ̣ûֵطʩõģû˵˽һһεرĥƵģһʼľ֡Թޡ衭ҲĥȫûˣʹֻһͷԼΪʲôţΪʲô磬Ϊʲôȥ 
ǰʢǾޱĻӰǰһһ֡ 
ǲҵĺڶߣΪʲôҡ 
һ˿ЦΪʲôң 
ǰҲһ꣬ҺΪʲôңΪʲôң 
Ǿޱʢں԰Уǽ£ֽдֻѭѭգ㣬ҷסǵãС־ɸġ 
ȻѪ⽦Ļ꣬ĸС˳£ǰڶߣӣֻһѪˣôҲûȥ 
ǼĴϣ˫ַţɱһЦ׸Һԣ־ڣҵҪӵζ 
һҺǶ˻еͽǧ˲ȣ˯ 
ĵؽˣϣһ˫ЬͣǰŮЦţţɲˡ 
Žµ̨ȥΪʮ͵ûף裬ȴδֻһѪҪҪȥʮҾˡ 
𾪵ؿŶԷʮֻһˣ㲻ڴ˿ҡԷЦ̫ˣţһӣҲײˡҪΪ˿˵Ҳ֪ʵ㡣̫ҪˣҵﲻָҪ㣬ɣף±Ӱɣ 
ǰϷɢֻҪһ˺ͻжУһɺԽԽأʮŵΨһϣڽҪ֮ǰһ֣ȫ顣úޡúޣ޿ֺξ塣 
һشţֵǾ߱ŰһϢ壬гһеĿС˻ȥϣôҪøµ 
ЩѹʱֻԺгһգܽЩ߸ϵѹϣݺݵŰֻ룬ŻȥŲᷢ衣 
ʮ꣬һ죬׵طŹ 
ûȥŰ磬µȴСҪ壬رĳˡ 
Ļ䶼Ѿʢڣֻʣ 
Ƶĺͥһһյķۺɫʢ롣 
Ļġ૵ص뵽ˣһǾޱĻġƽʱս٣ȻΪſ 
ٰһΣеĳ룬׼ȷ 
زȥеѪһǾޱͼѾӽһһϵ˶ģľ 
⿪ֽŵӣеĽһѪͬʱӿ 
Ȼ߱סĳ壬رڻУ˴ϣظοŶԷ 
ǹɴ紫ů⣬ʹý˫Ŀƻ۾ãؿ 
Ķ䣬ʣǵ˭𣿡 
ۻʹѣڵƣʱѾԵ״̬ȻǿµȻһƬհףȴȫǿҲţֱ۾ˮʧصع¡ 
ӹһ˿⣬ĴϣһǣԲҲô㡣ҪޣͺʷٶĺԣǺġ 
ƻԺУһƬհ׺ͼʹУεرϡޡ֡ 
䡢ʹƵԺһƬհףֻмȵʹУȴоһůڻУһ˫֣ϵʹȻܽʹ࣬Ȼ˫ֵĸŪ֮ʹԼˡ 
ҩ࣬ͿĨƵ˴ʱȵʹ࣬ȻǱģҲΪ֮һܵ͡ʹ࣬ѾԶԶĹˣȻùֻǱԼǨŭˡ 
Գ룬׼ΪͿһߵҩ࣬ȻѾеƣȴȻߵǹůҪ뿪ֱؼеأرס 
̾һӿҩ࣬Ҳסƣš [] 

ƻУֻöڿޣڽУȴԺ̫壬ֱһһسʹԼǱƵأһ˱Ƕʹĥбǹůĸо˫֣ƺѾʧˡ 
ʹ䣬סӡ 
Ҳ֪˶ãĿʹ۾ 
ǰľƺǵŵģǰҲģģػθͣ۾һٶ 
һŮϲؽеˣˣ 
̣һŮ嵽ǰϲɫˣôˣ 
ƷҪ˵Ŷһ£һҵʹƺһֲɵذʹδ쵽ȴԼСϰ͹ƽ·ɫ䣬 
Ůɫԣæĵʣû°ɣ 
Ťأ 
һŮԥһ£Ǹгʧˣ 
ʲôŭǡǶ̫Ȼܵ 
ɪһ£æµū澡ū澵Ҳ֪飬ֻǰϣūչ̺ŷַֻ֡һˡ 
һȵȣǰ˼ǣ𡪡Ѿˣ 
кһֱ˹ȥҧأ˶ģǰ˵ 
ҲѾūǷ֡ˡ˶һۣ֪μ˵ȥ 
ɫѾǳϺɫˣȻŮˣսȭͷһ˵ȥ 
һ죬ū澽òҾˣֻ̺ҩͷֻ˵߲ҪϢ졣 
ƽյȭͷطſ顣ֻǡȭǼôӵģ 
ͷر˵һϣиˣ·ȥˣΪûʣҲû 
ƺȻЦЦŤãøȻ㻹ʲôģʮ䣬ҪץˣڵҲӲˡĴЦǣ˿ڣɵһƺߡ 
󾪣Сģ 
ҧҧʵǷֻĻҲ˵ˡ 
Ҳˣֻ 
ӿڵ˵κˣֻ̺ 
һЦḧźķԵǹȻġ 
һǿū澽ãʮʱǵĸū澼С£ӣҪ̺ū澵Ѿ̺ʮ꣬Ǽ̺򡣡 
Ƶذ£Ȼ֣Цһұ߳ҩƿóóҩƿƵðһš 
һ̧ͷ 
ȥ֪ڽǣ̫СˣģֻҩѡؽӹҩлˡһģҩĿУȥ 
Űźסزصǿһֱȥ˵ģֻҪһ͹ˣ𣿡 
ãǣū澶л 
ü˻֣澵Ӹңȥɣ 
ֻʣһˣǿ㶨ƿӣ⿪ӣȻһǾޱͼԼǰǶʢ䲢ٻǷͦĻ٣ȻҶȥֻȫѪҺֱţһҹ𾪡衢ʹȫĴֵ̼²ҽнΣԼధ裬СǱܵļȾʹһһǰ 
޵УһŤ˵˻ʹ࣬;Ǿ˵һֻСޡţǶ۵ķҶ 
һÿһӽ޵ˣǳǳСģΪԲ񣬾ͻڷΪʱ䣬ҵƵƢǰδеı塣 
ʵϣƵƢܲ壬ÿ޷ԼǾޱͼУ߾ͻӸµЦסˣǾޱͼΪҴϰūıǣӽ֣ͽǾޱū 
ǾޱūǾޱūǸħǾޱūزرΨһԽĺȥǣõıǣ޷ȥģٸѴΪԷ˵ıǡǣдĲλȫսЦĲλֻûȥ࣬Ѿӵһˡ 
֮⣬Ҳ˺ۣĲλƤһֱʹ⻹С£ǰ˺ܴͥˣǰǱš˵ټϴˣͥȴǱķŪ˵ģڲҩܡÿдСʱ־ʹֱԽȥÿųģдѪѱŪóѪȡÿҪα죬ÿһεŲԶǿһ 
Ϊ˼ʹĴҳԶҺˮʵܲˣźȵ㰾ŨŨĲԼ 
ҹĻٵʱ򣬸ʹĿˣһ˯ţͻǸΣħ֣޳ܵߣȵĿʱȴֱʵʵʹ̼ѹһ۾ͻǷǾޱͼһ۾ͻӰͫͫӰƺڡ 
ÿҹ޵ﶼҪ򣬽һӵŮڴǰ˯ߣҹļ¶ 
һ£ʹʱǿƣĽĺֶҲָˡ 
ĵڶʷٶӲһƿĺͺɢȻӽΣеֱҹ 
Ȼϰģʲô 
ĵĻشֱţȻֻһм˶ѣô򵥣ķˡһһصǾޱڴϣϣǾޱͨǡǽϵǾޱϵĻơ 
תģΪʲôжǾޱ 
Ĵ𣺡˵Сʱ򣬼ĺ԰УǾޱԣϲľǾޱ 
Ƽֹס˫ֵĲģҺ԰ǾޱʲôƾʲôҪϴǾޱӣֲҵĺ԰ϵıӡ 



һ£ʹʱǿƣĽĺ 
Ҳָˡ 
ĵڶʷٶӲһƿĺͺɢȻӽ 
Σеֱҹ 
Ȼϰģʲô 
ĵĻشֱţȻֻһм˶ѣô 
ķˡһһصǾޱڴϣϣ 
ǾޱͨǡǽϵǾޱϵĻ 
ơ 
תģΪʲôжǾޱ 
Ĵ𣺡˵Сʱ򣬼ĺ԰УǾޱԣϲľǾ 
ޱ 
Ƽֹס˫ֵĲģҺ԰ǾޱʲôΪʲôҪ 
ϴǾޱӣֲҵĺ԰ϵıӡ 
תȥ΢Цģʮ꣬ʲôĥ 

ȻҲ֪ʮˣΪëѾ˳ˣû뵽 
һУڸ˱ѱʵϣȴ˭Ҳˡ 
ĬƬ̣ʣʲôˣ 
ɱˣҲġ 
뿪ʱѾˣϰϵÿһͷѾ 
ϡûҲˡ 
ļ磬ϵĶɽʱլءȵļңѾ 
ճһƬ׵أʮһڣ𺣡 
ʮȥÿطÿѾһһ׷飬ǣȴ˼ 
һҲûʲôϢ 


߹ء 
 
ѩһ죬ѩϻ֨ѽ졣 
һͷźƤñˣһֻ¸½еƿŽеģ 
Ӷ 
һɫĴ帾˳ʲôһ߻ϲϲؽ˹ 
ˣðЩͣƤġ 
Ƥñĵüһ룬Ʋ룬Ǽ 
ֻ࣬峺鶯ȴ˲ٳªЦţˣ 
ԵõġҪȥܻúúչԼ 
Ǵ帾һۣиж๫һ㡣 
˵ʲô£ 
Ǵ帾ֹǡ 
ڽУϺɽڼ𣿡 
ɽ̧ͷ˵𣿡 
Ƥ˽źɽȥȾˣϻؼʱɽѾˣ 
ɽ˵Ļûü˵ˡ 
ƤԺͺɽŴϷȥˡٽأҶ 
εƤ˸üǮٷЩûеĻǴӱޣǰϻ 
ȥ 
ҹ˾ɽ߳ջͷȥ 
ǶǸڣʬɽڷضţҵһɷأ 
һزŷϵš 
Ҳ֪˶ãɽվתȥŵòˤ֪ʲôʱ 
վˣߴɱ¹λƵء 
ߵĺˣֿһЦѩɣڵȵˡ 
ɽ͵ؿƺûзӦ 
ұǺŭӣҹҹ˯ضѣһˣ 
衪 
δ˵꣬ȴǺɽֱֱָ󣬼еͨһ 
Ѿεڵء 
һɵؿȴʲôҲûУ¹ٿ 
ɽѾŵιȥˣֻ˵ü룬ұߵĺ˲ʵ 
ˣ𣿡 
ߵĺüͷ룬ǷԸǵҷϿ޵ģץ 
 
ұߵĺ˵һѾץʮˣڣͷĺ 
࣬޴˷صҲ١ 
ߵĺɣɱɷŴǼ٣͵ 
ȥ 
ұߵĺ룬ɽƵشӵһץ𣬿ڱϣȥ 
ߵĺ̾ƿһײĸǣ˯ȥ 
ţո뿪ڣͺȻصȥɽѹϣҲһ 
ء˺һɽǺȻµؿǺˣвͣ˵ 
²£һǼ˼ˡȻջȥ 
ʮԺ󣬺ȻǰһڣղڵµĺЦȻǹ 
ˣҪôһ£һܿ϶أ 
ɽһغˣ㡢㡢˻ǹΪʲôȻֺȻڵϺȻվ 
ǰ 
ЦһСӻ̫࣬ʲôԼ˵ɣ 
ɽδ˵Ȼһػǰһڻ˹ȥ 
ʱһŴϣ޹ĴƵĴϡ 
ȫűڴϣȺƵĵ 



ɽδ˵Ȼһػǰһڻ˹ȥ 
ʱһŴϣ޹ĴƵĴϡ 
ȫűڴϣȺƵĵ 
ʱеˮһεεÿһͷӳĿ־塣ڱ˵ʱÿûʲôϵ 
ǣ˿̵ȴȫѹˣڴϣڡǶ졣 
ʱعȥչӰӽԼ¶ŵ壬Ѿö콩ˡƵôɱǹʹ㣬֣ȴԼţܲȡֶΣ˵ֱһ̫ʹľĥ 
ҹĻڽˣĿҪĹȥĶҪסˡ 
ɽҲѺֲ𿪵Ǻˮ֣ɽˮԣɽ 
Ȼݺ֮Ȼˣյ硣 
ҵƣʮŮӵ߽Ȼصذᵽǰ̫ʦϣŮţŮΪĦ 
ų壬ǱЦˣЦɭɭأ벻ּˣѩɡ 
һ½ֱĽŲЦǰϴΣҲֵġ 
ƵɫѾ࣬һֵҪΪÿһ̶ڡ 
۾Ǻáɣ 
飬Ƶÿŭ΢΢ţȻתͷߵŮ˵һ̷ʹࣿ 
Ůӽ欵һЦȡһƵıӣЦ˵մۺ۵ıӣÿһ޴ȥƤʹ 
Цܺã͡ȥһٱޡ 
һŮ״æū澻һ취ʱá 
Ц˵ 
Ů˴ӻóһƿҩ˵ƿҩȻٰǰˣգͷŲʲôζ뿴ЦüΪ 
ƺȻֻһɻҪܳЦһȻ⣬ߣͷţһߣÿһ缡ʹߺߺߣѩɣθΣ 
ڱӵĺХУֻ˺ѷεʹʹÿһ˿ڹȻ˹ġȻǸŮЦ˿ǰˣȻذеĴҩ͵ǰ档 
ܳⴺҩˡһҧʹ̼ôûͷԣȻЦ 
Ů˵ҩѾ͵ǰĴЦһЦʲô 
Цƣ㲻ǺܺôңΪʲôԶ֣ԱԶԶĿű˴ңǸѥ𣿡 
ƱˣͷôڣҪ׿ֱĴãͳȫ㡣ߵߣ檵ıӣݺݵȥ 
ղŮ˵ıӣֻǽһޱ޵ʹֻһʹ˹ȥһ޵ȸղʮ޻ء 
ʱֻн־Ŭسʹ˼شЦúãƣϧ㻹 


ʱֻн־Ŭس룬ʹ˼شЦúãƣϧ㻹 
ƵɫԽǱӴȥֱȻѪⷭ׹ҲɭȻ¶ҧ´Ҳ޻˵壬ȴǴЦȡҶˣʲôµģ㾹ôŮ׳㡢㡢Ѳҵͬһңǲǣ 
Ȼͣס֣ŵؿһɲǼ־΢΢Ȼ±ӣЦӲĹͷö֡гûһôݵġ 
̾Ϣһ紵ȥϸģֵײˣԼ˺ݣñ˶Ǻˡ 
һվţֻпſԿ۽ǵļšŭǰƽ 
Ƭ̣ƺȻһ֣ȺһʣˮƵȥ 
ߵǰһӣʱˣڵأǰȥ΢类쵶ն׷ɢһӵȥ˿ڱѾƤɼǣʱҩǣϵÿһ鼡ⶼڲѣȾþѪۡ 
£ʹƬѣհף۾ǿסϲĲҧ´һѪ߳úһŻ۾ƣҵһЦԲ𣡡 
ͷһƼֱΪԼĶë㡢˵ʲô 
ͷ亹סð·ÿ˵һ֣ҪľȫƵģԸҵĳˣҺǶҵ·ҶѾû·ˡұ˳Ҳһ꣬ˣ㣬㵹ùԲ𣡡 
ƿûеȻѾ޼ǿױ˶Ķ¾Ȼ̸ЦԼҲǲܣҲһ˿ۣһ仰ʱ̲סץסŭʲôҵùƾʲôǵôù 
һҡֱȫļһֱʹ˼ŭЦΪʹЦһתˣȡȡ£ѾǸˣƾĶӣҲĵù㡢ʵǷŰ 
һ仰ѹյһݣƳױŭһһƻ˳ȥ 
ֻһɺӿϺͷǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ 

ƿûеȻѾ޼ǿױ˶Ķ¾Ȼ̸ЦԼҲǲܣҲһ˿ۣһ仰ʱ̲סץסŭʲôҵùƾʲôǵôù 
һҡֱȫļһֱʹ˼ŭЦΪʹЦһתˣȡȡ£ѾǸˣƾĶӣҲĵù㡢ʵǷŰ 
һ仰ѹյһݣƳױŭһһƻ˳ȥ 
ֻһɺӿϺͷǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ 
ٴ۾ʱȴһ˫۾ھؿˣѾ֪˶ˡ 
΢΢һֻȫ޴ʹ̾һһû𣿡 
ظգûС 
ȻֻûëƿĶ͸һɼĸоһ׽͸ʴӵĸо 
̫ˣ 
ŵǱ׵ƣ֪ôԸ 
Լȫµ˿ڶѾϸĵذˣ˿Ȼʹȴ͸˿˿֮⣬ɼõҩֵơһϢͨ˳ûд֮ίٲ 
ƿһһ΢΢ЦˣģˡҸר˵Ĵ󻹵˿ϣʥҩ裬˺֮󣬾Ͳ°̺ˡ 
󻹵裬ɶеʥҩǧ󣡡ԽԽĺΪʲôҪҵϣ 
¶һ˿΢Ц˵أ 
תͷȥҲ֪ 
֪̾ģס¶תͷԼνĺⶫôأ˶һˣ˼ҹ룬ȫľϣĺǵһϵÿһ缡⣬뵽ȥĻ˴ǰδеĳ۾۾Ҳʱץ㣬Իˡһӣѿո£һѲȥǵԽãоԽҪһѳȥʱὫҵҲڿһǣرס֮ҪĹͷҪ顣 
㡢Ҫô 
ƽرڻУҧļͷҧһѪ£ѪĿУͷѪ亱еζ֮䣬Ҵǰδеʹ࣬ȴҲǰδеĿкᡣΪˣ㺦ڴһ£һ£챻˫ڵʹѹԺ󣬲гķ̣ζͬ㲻ڣһôʱ򡣡 
صǶǶҸ߳ɵʾȥ֮أ 
̧ͷסĴԼ󱳵Ѫȣ»ĿȥñЦŵͷ߽һ֪Լأ˭ǽоƽõһһ졣ô࣬ɲŶɶ⽽ˮ𣿱ˣһõű˽ˮ𣿹ԣúˣһҪһѩʤѩɡ 

ڸˡ 
PPռˣȻܻΪģ˼ƹȻá 
СҲкͷ߽ǺǣҰҺޣҲ˵Ļվƣ״˵ż֡Ŀѿɧ 




̧ͷסĴԼ󱳵Ѫȣ»ĿȥñЦŵͷ߽һ֪Լأ˭ǽоƽõһһ졣ô࣬ɲŶɶ⽽ˮ𣿱ˣһõű˽ˮ𣿹ԣúˣһҪһѩʤѩɡ 
ɴһҿϾƵǰ 
صͷȻЧϣظţȻһ̺۶û¡ѩɣ壬ȻϾ 
΢һüһ̧֣ӵϣԼںõķ£ȥڴۡ 
Ȼ󣬺£ڴߣĴأ 
üëһ˵ȴߡЦͶˡҪʲôʲôȫȥˡԹԵŽϲظ壬ڸţѾ̫ã̫ˡҲ°̺ۣڣʱˡ 
ֱ֣Ϊҽ¡ 
һȻ΢΢һЦѽôãվӲһǣ̧ͷЦã 
ڴϣأΪƽ´ҹžˣֻƴصĴ 
ȥ£¶ƹͭɫţÿһ鼡⾢̣طϣѩļӳԵĶԱȡ 
ȥȥƺȻס֣ˣȥЬӡ 
ͷȥΪȥЬ࣬ҲֻƿĽǶ˳ıУȻӹһ˿Ц⡣ӴʱȻƵκ״ҲܿƵĵطĸ΢΢һ¡ư㵽׻ǲȫԼ壬 
΢΢һͦӽƵӣһȥұߵĺӣţһ˫ѾʼŪƵĺ󱳣Ȼ󻺻» 
ֻһӿķֱͦͦЦһ˫΢һѾƵڴϣȥЦСǹ˵ġ 
ЦһڴһۣѾ泯û³ˣǰ඼ûС 
Цһ𣿡ȥѾס˱ǽĺ촽ȴǺ촽Ҳڸ˱ͷѾһ»ĿУͷţ̽ʺյֻһ¡ǹϤĸоˣһͷһ¡£ĿڲסľסһȻ֮ͷҪĿгȥʱһҧסͷ 
˵ˣͷҧסǵƵϲϵŤӡ 
һɼƵֱ¸ȥСһ֮Ȼ 
һٶȽͷؿȥ׼ٶպ;ʱȻɿ˿ڡ 
Ȼɿڣһססش 
ǺǣƶظӣЦѩɣ𣿱ˣ̸ġ 
δڣѾƵľ䣬ҧš 
ؽһһƵ˷ܣһͷѾҧסѩϵһӣЦǲƽһĵطΪʲôĻôÿô 
һᴭɱģֲ˵̻ͽûʦô۸ң 
ƺٺһĲ裬ĺӣ˱ƸΪܣѾӲһˡ 
ٲͷˡһ£ͥλãҪ롣 
ŤӶ֣߳ԳԵЦû˼ңҲҪȥˡŤţֱɶʧصģȻȥƣ 
ƺһͦǰѾֱĺͥȥһʱѲ塣ȴ־ĵĲ˼֮䣬æ׽סȴʱֵָѾסƵĺͥһ壬˳ƻƵĽһС 
ʹһѾ嵽˼޵ĿʧأһʪʪմҺ˳ӲͦͦḺ̌ 
һе֣иһֹסƵĲӣ˱Ҷ̣ƲҶȫұߵͬӶ̼ú 
ָԲƵĺͥת룬ĸָزһðźͥϺܵе㡣 
šߡգղǰ˱Ūйŷһ㣬ħ־Ѿĺͥ˻Ҷͷ̽³ԶҪֱиܵţеŤ⣬ǺͥħֲȴʹͶŤ̫ 
ššܵŤţסţͥڱڽָýġߵԴͺͥУ໨Ƶġ 
ֻҪըƵأȴֺйֻܵغߺţֻñûţͷѾڼ˵±ÿհףֻʣ屾ܵ 
ȻһӽָͥٳƵĺͥܵнסָȴ޷סһּȵĿʹܵŤӡ 
֪ʲôʱѾ뿪֪ʲôʱѾȥڿ㡣 
ҧĶߵѾסԣЩġ 
ѾյƣͷԱħֵĸ´̼ѾûңԹԵԣڴϣ߸ߵΣƴŤӣ̬Ľ롣 
һϤľԺͥǿ۵û֫һǵڴϣʹƬ̣Լ̬ţ飬ĽѾֱ˷ܵ㣬ҵĿеűţԺըһƬû𻨡ƵֻѵƬ̣˼ȿкʹ֮С 
һƿж϶طƾԼƮƮɵľ⡣ 
ڱϵȴ˷ܵطһһĳ̡Źڵÿһ˷ܵ㡣 
 
ԺһƬհףֻÿһγзϵͽ䡣 
ƶ䡢ϲϸĺ飬֪Ū˶áһһۻڣ겻סս 
ҧĶִĸоһԼиȥĶĥݣааЦ̫ļˣûʦʱأٽ㡢㡭˵һ㡱ʱȻһɽؿУ佫ûýϢ 
 
 
 
 
 
һбսãȻؿǰˣ 
ֱѾˣ£һָͷҲ̧ˣڲ಻ͣؾβ 
΢Цſòˡ 
ЦݣһͷסԼֱûˡϴֻ˵˰㣬ȫʧ 
ξԼְץŵ׼ġ˭֪һų˴Ҫ˵˳ԸĨ 
ЦؿǸճֻĻǡ 
ȷǳԱˡƺ޺޵룬˼ֱˣôô̰θڣôµֶΡ۵̧Ƥľ᲻ʱȻб°ϵĳһλ˷һһεؽեեһһΡ 
뵽ͷҪ֮ࡣ 
˵һʱѾȫǱǹһǰ˾Ȼ˷ɶ˾ȻҪĶϻϡ 
ҿô¼ҲûԼˣҲֻ̬аЦݷʾӦԼ棬ͷǻֶΰԼѹµġ 
Ҫ֮ƿԼԵӡǵϣᣬһ˿ϧ书ƣٱƽ͸һơ 
˭֪һﻨ˵ǰԼԡྻԡͰһΡűĴ֮ȫֻħΪΪԼŭȣвǰһﾹţֻƤЦԼ˵Žɫ黰 
ǣòϣһļ߳˵һνʱоʹ֮⣬ԼоĲʣңÿһΣܹԼԼҲ֮ 
뵽ƵϺһ͵͵طͷ㾪ߣЦ˵Сƣƣζ𣿡 
ƴŭͷصϴȥ 

ǺǣգСƷɹע͵СܣСܣֱˣһųΣǺ 
ż̫ڿˣȻΣд11K˵Ǻ 
13 



ʱ͵͵湧磬ǷҪš 
ƴҪȻһ΢һʹٶȵشȥԼϹģȫĺĺۼƫƫŲһҲۣۿ·ȴòǱߣЦЦؿԼɾŭҴ¡ 
Ц·ȴЦ۾ֱض¸Ǿޱͼ仨һֱǰ˱һҹڶȥٵĻ٣ֱؿ˽ȥ 
ǾӸµϷʵĿ⣬Ƶգÿ⣬ϴƷʲôζʱٿĿȴһֱԼߵЩٶιȥ 
ˣҧгݵẰ·Ҵϡ 
Цظ£ʱŷ֣Ȼֻ˼ۣ¶ûáֻһۣͷһŵġôһֱۣ͵͵˺ü£ƨһ£ʹֹڵء 
ԼҲֻһֵۣȥţźĺ΢Цλãú 
ؿڿδۣһĽǶȣؿڵǺͷѩӳЩǺԵޱȡ 
͵͵ؿһۣתͷȥٿаţһ꣬ڰһԸԳسˡֻ˵Ժͨ𴲵ģȻôã֡ţȴûб¶ʳ˽ȥ 
ȴֻһۣڴߣ̬ǱŤϵҲ֣ȴ˵ֻǽͰںãţ 
Ҳ˻ҲźЦصš 
ɱģ֪ҶãȻôҡаţٿſϷԻҶˣѩɣιҡ 
΢鶯һ£ȥι 
Ƶ͵Ҫ㡪 
Ŀ˿Ͼڣֻ߹ȥƣϹǫЦţ֣ȴݺݵһƨɡ 
ۣȴر 
΢Цһ׵װιƵĿУںõп鹧һͨг 
ں۹⿴ĵطƣȴ͵͵˽ϥȥ̧ĥĴڲࡣ 
ֻȫһһģЦһͻͻؿֹÿξҪԵʱȴͣǵΰص˵ 
һ緹Եʳ֪ζ֪Щʲôֻ֪ԼôʹĥţֽرҷſȴѾһ̲ˮˡ 
ֻ֪ҪԼһͿຣĪأԼЩּʹ࣬۵ĸо 
ⳡϷԽͣڵȴķ䣬⾿ô£˭ܸ 
ֱһôžԼѾˣȴûֵͣ˼źĿ⣬ƵһۣҳԱˡ 
̾һûأ˵ҪƴԼϷ뿪Ǹʹ۵λʱжȻһգȴʶرô԰ɣ 
ȴ̫ϲסضȻԼŻͣĥƵĹؼλһСģ͵Ƶϡ 
һҪǰʰ΢Цҡ֣ʰˡ 
Ҫʰ졣 
΢ЦŸȥǰѣЦôõĶ˷ˣҿɻûԱأ 
ȫֵؿһûԱ죬ǻٳһΰɣ 


14. 



ȫֵؿһûԱ죬ǻٳһΰɣ 
㡢㡭ѾԾﲻɾ䣬˵ҲȻкһԣȥ 
סؿڣתͷһ޹ضź˵ָǡ 
õڶ仰˷ɿʧˣš 
תһаЦؿƣߵ£¡Ȼ󣬽⿪· 
˻һΪ֮±˺ȥ£Ȼʴαƽڴϡ 
Ȼֻ֣Ĵ֮С 
죬һ֮ҪԵߴΰɣ 
С˫סԼܡûʲôã 
ЦţǿֻħȴʼĴڲࡣ 
죬ղֻϥǲ䣬ھȻֻħ֡ 
šߡߡҪѽҪѽɱģܲ졢졢졢أףҡҪҪҪ峿ĳڴϲͣط꣬ 
֣˳ϥһֱൽ˴ȸӸȴȻͣɲ֣ˣԳȥˣ 
ʵץŽָ㡢㡢㡭ѾؿܵܵſӭˣһȻ֣ͣ죬ɱҰɣ 
һ޹ؿôˣ 
Ƽû˵ˣɱģ㡢Ϊʲôֲˣ 
¶ɵı飺˵ʲôֻǿһֱڶİȷɷɣվ·뵽Ķȥˣ 
ò˹ȥ˾Ȼʱװ»ݣ죬֪֪Ҫ˵ѽ 
¶Ȼ飺ˣ죬ֲᷢԭˣȻʲô¶ɫɫĵطȥ롣ģΪ˭һɫġ㡢̫㡪˵ȻһߵָƵĶͷ 
ᣬװģѾեˣ˿ѾһѪ硣 
ȴѾȥһȼ֪֮ɫ飬Ļúõس緹ֻ㴩һףҪȻ·ˡԶԼúóԲ㣬ҪҲԲã 
֪ʲôбԩˣˣҲҲԸĨˣȻɫظþе˵ 
ǺǣҺ˵¶ħɫȥҧƵĶвλЦԭҵСôϲҳѽôɴѽԣһúõأӱ㣬ֻǡָƵĴ»ߵĺӣȦػ겿仨ģȻһǱȥĻ٣Ȼ󣬻ͥǻȥڴ̽̽ƾָⱻȥһ㣬Ȼ֡ 
ƵӣָŪ²סǴй 
ĺͥţķӦǺǣ㻹ϣɫ 
ʳء֣ҡҴˣǡɫ 
߻УҲ֪ʲôʱѾ·Ƴȥֻöߵ͵һЦƵǰԹԵعҺú㡣 
ƨɱصһ£ۣ 
ڴ±ʱ滹۵ס˵úģǺͥôģ֢ڵڶԵòˡӲ̴ľϣֱձһ봩ƵۣҲסܵһһģ˵Щʲô߰㡣 
ʲô̳ҡ 
ȵȣšϵؿڣ࣬ԭǱߵᲦģűҲʮˣȥ꣬ξ͹»ˣ 
⡪һʻ˵ĻУѾ޷ˣ 
Цж֤֤׿ڳϣδҲûб˻еģΪովа 
⡪ؿһƽ£ĻкԩأȥˣȻʥ 
Ѿͬˣжˡ 
౻ץƣˡƵʰ飬ӼǰìܵĵĹ״У»ķơʷٶԭְΪڶ 
˿̣ǰĳ࣬ǰӽΪһһ仰ǡ 



15 
ĥĥصʱվ⣬ԥҪҪȥ 
ЦݣвЩս 
ǲأһЩڴ 
ԥڻŽȥˡ 
̧ͷЩȣôô֪һ 
ţȴ¶ۼ΢΢һЦվ 
վǶǲ֪ǺãҲҿˣԥΣŵ㣬㣬졪 
վ΢Цڻ 
һ 
֣ߵߣʾҳȥ 
һ֮£࣬ʲôҺһȻѪ˱Ѫ 
ħЦŭӣ㡢㻭ʲô 
ضʱŽ̲ġ 
ָ÷㡢㡭 
΢΢һЦסļձţô㲻ϲ𣿡 
һ٣Ƶģʵڡʵ̫̫Ǹ˰ɣ 
ǺǵЦţĶૣҪҪԣ 
飬ȻȻһ 
һּвĶ 
С࣬Ҳ࣬󣺡쵽ڣû˯ 
ǺǣûϵѾ˯һˡѾμȻһѾϣԤ׵أѾǿ롣 
ҵʹһֱ࣬˶Ϊ֮ҧأҷǿžʹƺš 
ȻͷƤһͷŤһȥ˫۱ǿſϡҳ淭һ 
Ѫ硭 
ذ˺ĳϣ֮䣬˶û·ʱҲòŴ·ΪһݣƵĺûг 
̱ϣŪһͼž̬ҪҪԣУڵĻϲôʲô룿ʮħ裬㿴̬ϸ棬λŶӺ׷һ̾ 
ȴ˳һ˺ͥ˲ʱҪǿЩ̬ĻͼôأȫѪӿܵòͣŤͥŵֹǺ汻ţÿһεŤޱʹмӱ 
ţԾԶŤΪȴ侫ԷǣǺҳôѱôūˡ 
ƵĶи֣ܾʹ̼ӱط 
è 
ôˣ 
ûа취èȥԼβͣ 
Լβͣèϵġţèͷȥҧ 
ǺǣСıèצץ㡣 
ôأ 
èβͿһĴ̼èͣͷȥβͣÿһΣرؿ֡ 
ҪԿأ 
ǺһЦѾƵķ̼ò𣬺Ȼ䣬һƣ˫һнҺѾ 
Ʒһļ̾ϢһɳĮＢõˣʱȻԼѱһȪûĸмͿ֡ 
ˮȥʱһָͷҲ̧ˡ 
ֻ˫֣ǼΪؽرס½ǡ 



16. 
ˮȥʱһָͷҲ̧ˡ 
ֻ˫֣ǼΪؽرסĽš 
һһֱ˯ڶƻ裬 
һ۾ȥȥ׽˸աȻӰȻ䣬ڴµ 
ڴߣɢͷǺЦʮᣬֻǣ᲻ǸģǸһҺɫӵòŮ 
˵̬˵أŮЬ࣬һ˫㱧ԼĻУḧŪȫȻû˴ʱǹưЦţ˵ţҲ֪˵ЩʲôŮסЦЦʮˡ 
һͬСɣֻеŭһӿͷ 
ߣҪ޼ֺֻԼ̫㣬㻽ŮСæ£һûһлţżˣҪҪȥ 
Ҳ˵ü䣬һŭ𣺡ˡ 
ƵعСһ̧ͷ̱һƴѪģ 
ڵأѾƾˣ˴㣬㾹Ȼҵ棬͸ҹġ㡢Լ 
СѪģʬһ˲ѪˣҲ룬־һơ 
˶סˣ㡢Ҵң㾹Ϊ˶ң 
ûǣҴ㣬㲻һˣһƾʹȻɱںɱһɣͷһٱ򣺡Ϊʲô㲻ɱңɱңǶˡ 
ƴŭǽڸ죺ҪΪҾͲɱ㣬ҪΪҾɱ㣡ֶסĲӣס֡ס֣ 
һᣬʲôҲܲ˵ҴһͨԽԽԽԽʹǰһڣ˹ȥ 
Ҳ֪˶ãҪ˵;òһʹȲֹιһյβ衣 
۾ơֻǴ˿̵ƣһ࣬ҼһϺָƺۡ 
ȻЦˣ㿴ӣοգ 
ƳΪʲôŭң 
ʣΪʲôӣ㻹ң 
̾һľҶ֪ˡ˯Ǿ㣬СֻǸ޽ֺˡ 
ЦãƮƮһᣬһְۣ˵˵Ҳںġ 
ƱСûĵģʱ㻹˵ֻ֪ģӵһμ㿪ʼӾͲԼˣҲԼˡ˶֮䣬Ψһˡѩɣѩɣ֪ǵ㣬ȥʹǡ 
ЦһࡣȺˣҺαظǼƽϡ 
̾˿תתܱʲôףǷҵϡ֪ﲻġðɣˣл𣬲ҷ˭أֻǡԼϵ˺ۣ´ҪòãҲóȥˡ 
Цһһ֣һǶ⣬䵽ƵٶһƺۣȻΪˣ˵㣿ְȻǰд檸֮ͲʿĳЦ 

Цһһ֣һǶ⣬䵽ƵٶһƺۣȻΪˣ˵㣿ҵְȻǰд檸֮ͲʿĳЦ 
ḧЦ֮Уֻ»ػߣ˭ЦңػŮ⣬ȻͬͬޣйЦˡ 
һڣЩְòᣡ 
̾ǰҲôػģϸҲԭҺػˣȡ󣬷κ¶ʧȥܺͿ֡һ˺£׷Ź 
һȴһɺ 
˽ţڳϽŮǷ׷׵ͷҿһŭ˺֮󣬴ҶѩɵķĻһ˿ᵡ 
ضŪеģСצץ֣ҩҡֹˣӣŷ 
Խ߸ߵǽͷˡ 
еץˣЦˡ 
ƵĴ׾ԽԽߵŮ̸ϲЦ䣬תŮͲˡϴα֮󣬵ڴϣšõڶ֪Ƣٲҵɱˣֻ⼸Ů޹ʧˣҲڴϺܽ˳Щͷ˵ʱֻģȻתȥȻңУŮȻ㲻ʲôȻܱʾں֮ƷƣΪʲôں 
֪Ʋǵµĳ̶ȣֻʱϣⱨԹʯĳԼɫǶŮȶɫ˵ȻõӦģֻݺݵļ³̡ 
ôܴأ 
ڴˣһ죬Ȼϵҵۣڱ˵УȻֻǸϵƵг衣ԼУҲԼֻǸг裬˵ֻһϣһ¶ѡ 
ƿڴϱŰúϣǶ˵ڴ˭˭£Լƽϣ˭ҼƽϣҪģֻȡ֮Ĵ̼ѡֻһô϶ôֻ 
ȴҪġƾŰüңȴϷ֡˸գȴ¶ееռʱ˺ͣȨơ书ļƣͨܿ˵ġΨһѵģ־ƷƣһҲ¶ͻٲ 
ʤڵһһǾޱ࣬Ƹеǰδеʹη塣֪˭˵֮һദģʽôģпܻ޷ı䡣˺ռϷ磬ؼʱҲĪ 
һսϷľǿ־աƿ԰ǧΣȴܲáڼ˵Ű֮ʾᣬܳ죬µأη̰Уۺʹһƽ⡣Уһ£һ£öԷ̬ԶηͿҡ¡ 
ܻӮܵȵĳһı 
ʱ뵽˽ڣһɲʲޣӿͷĥưȴ֪ԼδȻḧŪȴΨһģֻǽסһԼʹͻ֡ 

ʱ뵽˽ڣһɲʲޣӿͷĥưȴ֪ԼδȻḧŪȴΨһģֻǽסһԼʹͻ֡ 
ҹˣƣظŪĶȻָ£Ƽٵشһεε 
ƣǰĺӧһ˫ħ֣ԶӱƤȫһս֣ȴȶݵؼŪȥ 
Ƶ壬ڱµĵ֮£ѾüУĸŪ֮£ط֮ȫţͥزסϡȻȴ֪ԼüͣΪǰϷŽ˲֮һżȵĿЩĳȣҪʱͽ룬ҪŪ޿̣ŪŪʱŻһٽ룬Ȼ󣬴һһĸֻ߳ھ˵ѹʹÿһεĳ̣ŻýϢ 
ÿһΣת䣬ʱӱΪÿһ˿ᷴӦֱӴʹǻ֡ԴʱıֻҪһ˿üͻľս¶һ΢Цϲᡣ 
ĥƵĶһĴͨ׵ǰ˷̼ǰֱֱ֣ȴֻظŪ䣬使۵Ǿޱϡָ⣬ذŴ·ظظŪš 
Ƶĺ䣬ѾƿЦѾ˼ˣšߡءˣҡܲ졢죬Ҫ㡢Ҫ 
ЦˣĶҧһ£һҧƻ֮£һйǧЦˣһƵβЦԣϲſã 
æڴϣ߸ߵ̧ǾޱβؿⲢϲƣָΪϲģϲ 
ааЦţȥḧƵļͷĶߵ͵͵صǣǾޱūǽ죬µĻ 
вÿҪµĻðȻȫѾĸŪ֮¼ֱҪըƵģûа˿ڻ֮䣬Ȼáǡ죬˫һʹѾժ˫ؽѾʡʼ޻̻ʲô֪ʱ 

Ǿޱ ֮ Ϻǣϣ(19)
ааЦţȥḧƵļͷĶߵ͵͵صǣǾޱūǽ죬µĻ 
вÿҪµĻðȻȫѾĸŪ֮¼ֱҪըƵģûа˿ڻ֮䣬Ȼáǡ죬˫һʹѾժ˫ؽѾʡʼ޻̻ʲô֪ʱ 
ʱȴֻúͥһһӲӲĶ˽ȻӣһɱҺֱ룬͵شһ󲿣ôĽнͥǸǹɱ֮󣬾ȻûȣеԵļǿҴ̼ 
Ʒ˼ĺУ˫ľʹͺͥĺȻǿҴ̼ѣͬʱŵһǿҵľǾƣþǿйĺͥ 
ʶѣӦƤңؽеľѹڡƼţյӵҾӺͥһֱֱ̼ĸСܿأһȵĸоѸٱȣܿͻΪȼգһϸϸؿҧڲƸ߶ڵĺѨȵĸоţȫѪҺĶǳȵ 
ƾڲӿ룬Ʒһ̴ٵļУƴŤӣرţ˫ֲܻΨһܻ˫ڿҵţһֻӽˮĴϺȻװյӵƤԽظĺͥһֱֻιֻԺͣЪؽƤյӣĺͥѹڡ 
׸ղΪʲôּѾˣΪʱ˫ܹܵ²Լˡ 
ŴŴǰľѣѾͭˣôҪըˣڵĽʹžƲĽԽԽңҲǿҵ޷ܣ˲߳ܣźżģڵľˮǲϵĽ롣 
֮ԽյӣΪȽ˵ĿʱǹƵĸоĵڸźһϲȣΪǿҵĴ̼˿СյӣԺͥͨƵĸʱʲôĸоء 
ƾÿһطǿҵƸкͿУǰҲƾ̼ͦƴĥŴһַ˵ĥһôڵڽߣĥֻܸ˿̱ƾ̼ޱȵĴ̼ 
ڵʳĸȴԽԽ󣬴ļУߵźѾԵ 
ڣյӶƵڣѸٵذסƵĺͥƤңûƷӦѸٵؽһֻľͥס˾ˮǡѾӺ˫ѾʵĲݡȻʱƣѾˡش˫֣ȫľֻעԼ޴Ķˡ 
طתƵ壬ţŵԼǴĸĵȫѾھƾ£ͷţֳһַۺɫĶӹ绳̥߸µиǾޱǴһ濪ŵ˫ȣ¶߸ͦǰ˺ľĺͥѨ 
Ѿ棬þҪȥںͥľѾʺոոλǵĶӣӳ֮ľ롣ۿһһΣȴ޷ľӣÿһΣɽӿͽŵǿҵĴ̼޷ֹŤʹÿһεĶԵ˵ԸУɼϵ壬Ҳ޷ֹĳ嶯 
ĸŪƣ˿̵ֳǰδеУǴĸǾƾĴ̼ʹÿһεĲǴӷ̵żȥһҲҶΪÿһ¶ɳܵĴ̼ 
ţ㣬Ұɣ죡ҴУޣΪÿһӰ츹̼ȫ 
ϵᣬҵСƣƣǻõһȣþȫŹ̼ɣ 
ؿ̼ٴ̼ЩҪȥ̼ˡþȫ͵͵̧βͼѹľȥ 
һ۾ͷˣһưһľزĺͥŴ棬ƨҲųˡظŪÿһµĸŪƴ̼زҪ衣Ҳ֪˶ãֱĵôʱ䣨ʵҲһʱǺǣŲߣһ顪һˮɽӿгľ㡣 
Ʒģ̾ϢĸѸٱȥȻ֮ģǾ޴ĿʧУھƾĵطǳȺʹĸожڲпܽ͵Ŀ顣 
յ÷̵壬סͷŪסţҲղŵļйȶԵ˻ƣȴֳһջǡѩɣ졢ѽҺ㣬ܲǡ̾꣬ʤԭȫѪҺ壬ǿҵ÷ʹռȫס 
ҲͲסƣڡ 
ֱܴβûŪƣΪĺͥѾղǵľˮļɳۣƾ˶ԿеĴ̼ãҲ˶ʹеá 
ƵڷһؽͬʱˣϿе۷塣һδεصڵ˷ܵ㣬ȴһθ㣬Ҫһһεתֹӳֵʱ⡣ 
Ȼⷢˣḻ˶󲻵Ĵ⡣ 
֪ƾ̼˵벻ᷢϡ 
⡣ 

 


20
ƵڷһؽͬʱˣϿе۷塣һδεصڵ˷ܵ㣬ȴһθ㣬Ҫһһεתֹӳֵʱ⡣ 
Ȼⷢˣḻ˶󲻵Ĵ⡣ 
֪ƾ̼˵벻ᷢϡ 
⡣ 
һδεĳʱû뵽Ƶĺͥл˾ƾϢ벻ԼķھƾĴ̼±ƽʱǴһ 
ֱȻʹһͥҲǿҵʹȻսķؼƵڡ 
ֻеһʹĴƱɡɣɡ 
ƼУɱģȥ㡢ôɵˡ 
˶ıʾˣԽʹԽʱﲻԽټϾƾ룬²ǱӲǡεؿǶóá 
ѾȫǺƷؽУĴĺ󱳣ȴԽԽ⡣ʹ֮еѾܹˣֻƴ취γ 
˹һ߰ʱ䣬侲ǿŷľʹƣǰ취ҵģԡ 
ʹ˵ͷãߣ˫ֻ£ظƵķָţתȦӡ 
ŬƲѩɣʱˣ㻹ġ֣ͣ֡ͣҡܲͣ֡ʱѾҧסƵĶҧһֱķ 
ƻڵĲݸʹһҧ˷һ̣ͬʱƵķѾ˫ظŪ²ͬʱõİҺ 
ǹɽƵĿУȫ˷ŵʹϼõ۷塣崦˷ܵ״̬£ͬʱһƬա֮ķ׾ٵ˳ƵڣȻ󡭡 
ˣ̱ڽϣ̧һСָûˡˮ㣬ڴڵشֽŲز 
˺һ˲ص˺뵽ղǽ˲һĻһʱٿԷ۾ 
۾µǾޱͼУһֱӴƵ۾Ҳ͵͵ؿȥķǻղž˾˶˳Լ۾ԶԷĶвԼҲԷȥ֪ͷпֱĿཻȻ׶ԷղŵĳԣȻͬʱת۹ȥ 
һ͵͵תͬʱ㿴ңҿ㣬ɵͬʱЦ˻ָŶԷЦ˵ЦùȥЦִŴֱЦӵżЦ 
ƴֻЦаЦŵȴδ˺޹˼ɵؿЦЦһƵƣоҲӿһĪĸж 
ֱӵĴЦΪ۵ǣȥ 
ȻԶһŴ͸⣬졪ˡ 

21 
ƴֻЦаЦŵȴδ˺޹˼ɵؿЦЦһƵƣоҲӿһĪĸж 
ֱӵĴЦΪ۵ǣȥ 
ȻԶһŴ͸⣬졪ˡ 
 
ĻУİĶۣ淨ҹţ־ʹһҲֵõġ 
ǰĺӧģ́ͷЦ𣿡 
һָָԼ˫磬ͷԼĻУߵļҹŪѾʣȷǺۡ 
ưͷĻУ̰ȡеϢͷϵصҪȥһ£˽ǰһЩ£һҹԹԵģģ𣿡 
͵̧ͷֱţ 
Цţֱۣûͬ⣬ֻǸ¡ 
ŭ㡪 
ɫ䣬ȻһŽ´ȥէеʹӲĵ棬඼Ϊ֮һ 
ŵԼĳѩһ壬͸¶ϢӽҲһ¡ 
վһֻŭʨӣң 
΢Цʲô취Ըң𣿻ǿңԼұˣҶٸ 
ÿ˵һ䣬ƾͲһ£ڴеסڣΪ²֣ 
΢Ц㵱Ȼµ֣֪һĥ˵̷ҪҪο 
ŭ㡢ǲˣȻ˵ֻ 
̾Ȩƿѹˣҵ־ҲΥ档ǵ۶һ˸ͷϾˡеǰ취ÿͷˣֻҪһ̶סҡ΢ЦḧŴǸղڰһǲһ 
ڴϣ΢ЦʣСƣ֮䣬˵㡣ȻЦȴ 
ƵؿڲóǿѹԼ˺þãƵĵصʮ졣 
Ȼã 
ϣң 
ݵƿһʱ 
Ƶ۹⣬Ҫ˺ƬʮʱǰĺҲŹ㡣 
аһЦô᲻أһ᲻ҵǾޱūѽ 
һ죬ӣصʮúϢһʱɲҪôûãԸһξͽܲˣǺǣһŤ 
һڿˮǺȣ㡢㡢ߣҪıˡ 
Ц˳ȥЦݣһֱҵ̫һֱҵ˳ǣƵĵطжʮСȻͣܽȥ 
Ŵڴڵشʪ£ֽŷ 
뿪ˣֻжʮʱ䡣 
ղһĻǽĶᵽɤˡ˭֪ղŽŵòȻǿơղֻҪ¶һˡ 



22 
Ц˳ȥЦݣһֱҵ̫һֱҵ˳ǣƵĵطжʮСȻͣܽȥ 
Ŵڴڵشʪ£ֽŷ 
뿪ˣֻжʮʱ䡣 
ղһĻǽĶᵽɤˡ˭֪ղŽŵòȻǿơղֻҪ¶һˡ 
ɽ 
ϣͷȼңѾΪһƬ棬ͷҹʾӣѾĲ룬ֻǷϾϵǾޱøӲˡ 
һɱȣû뵽ô˳ʱ꣬ԭôǿĳˣǲһѵУдڹҲ书ǴЩһЩϣѧаֶΡ 
һΨ׷ҴɱȫҶӣΣţžΥļĿ 
Сľӣ˶꣬ԼǵλˣΪ͸ٳڰΪִԵ϶ԶȫţζԷǴġмˣǮ˵ķͷ˷Ĺ 
ûǸƯСкΪѾһͬʱȥ 
ڸ׵ĹǰŴǰһĻĻ龰 
װڻУ̫ƯˣŮ࣬Ҫģһ˵òܴġδĴ󽫵࣬ǳˣһҵصĴӢۡ 
£˶ôɷɱ裡˵ 
ее˵ 
ָʮ꣬ȻǵС 
ɣ˽ʮֻһмˣһг裬Ȼţȴ˵ĺá 
վΪ̫ã˫ľ 
ҪҪȥһط 
ƻ衣 
Ȼ˿ЦӣǺɽĴ߽ 
վںԺ⣬ϡ÷Ӥ 
΢΢Цˡ 
һǰ뿪ʱӻɬֹȻûü˽̶ȣô֪Ѿס 
Ϣ֧һֱǿӲȥŵԻ 
վ⣬һ˿⣬ʹϽȥ 
ǿҵҪȥһԼĶӣһԼӣǣȻˡ 
ҧ´Լ̰ɣֻҪټһʱ䣬Ǹ߸ϵҵۣһ죬ֱµĸоֻҪԼһֱǿƣ㲻Щ˵г㴦ãʱƻزԼԶԼֻҪԼϲܣƾͲɱȻթʱֻһԼڰֻҪʱֿԵûɡȻһڣ󸻹ֻɽаһһʵûٻŵļֵҵѪȥˡϣǸССӵϡ 
ʮ죬ⱦĶʮ죬ֻΪһֻۡҪһΣ˼´ε 
Ҳ֪˶ãغˡ 
ؿһۣ׼ȥʱȻһŲ 
һߣһòӢ꺺ţӣţ 
֨һˣϱź˳Թ춼ˣûѽ 
ǺӺǺǵЦⲻǻŶӹԣöӣҵĶӣô󡣡 
ɲǼ䣬ֻǰһڣֻǿʲôҲ֪ˡ 



23 
Ҳ֪˶ãغˡ 
ؿһۣ׼ȥʱȻһŲ 
һߣһòӢ꺺ţӣţ 
֨һˣϱź˳Թ춼ˣûѽ 
ǺӺǺǵЦⲻǻŶӹԣöӣҵĶӣô󡣡 
ɲǼ䣬ֻǰһڣֻʲôҲ֪ˡ 
ӣǽ 
Ҳ֪˶ãŷĻЦվ˽ȥ 
Цͣסˣסһ 
˺ð죬ûϲ磡 
Цǲǲû 
˰ΣһȥһûϢ˵ǿɱˡһ˼Ҵźӡ 
۾ãЩҶƽϣҴĸ뿪 
ҡҡͷҲܡȻµԲǶԲ㣬Ȣһɣ 
ǱһƵأһϸϸؿǺһۣȻЦòª𣬲Ҫģ˺ȥԼϵαװ΢Цò㻹𣿡ȻЦŵģЦ͸ſ̹ǵĺ 
ϿĿĿɿڴվҪȥһϵòǲģδӵƵ㡢˭㾿˭㲻ǺɽԲǺɽ 
ҾǺɽҲ㣬㱧Ϻӣ뿪ɣ͵ʲô¶û 
ظϺӣ뿪ʲôû 
׳״Īغһ£Ҫ 
Ȼһ飬ҡҡͷҲߡ 
ɫѾΪʲô 
ϳճյؿ磬ǺܺúܺõģùֻǸŮˣֻҪһÿߵɷ֯ҲҪһ֪˭ʲôʲôʱʧ֪һ˵ʱԶֵɷ򡣰ţʲô㣬ôҵ 
˵һ䣬һ֣˵꣬Ȼû䣬ȫҲҪʧˡǿһԼѾ˻ƣãҳȫ㣬ֻѺӱߡ 
ϴ󾪣رס˺ӣҵĺӣĺӣ㲻ܱ 
ֻúһֻĺӡһ䣬ľʲôҲˡ 
߳Ժӡ 
ǳĴ𡪡 
޴ţҲ֪ԼҪȥֻǲͣر޴ͣʹ·ţþȫҪӿղǳΡ 
Ѫ⣬Ĵ˫֣ϴҲϴȥѪ 
ĳ˻ҪˣߣͲԼ˿Ѿȥ 
Ȼ֮䣬ˤ˻һı޴֮²ͣ·߶ 
ȥ۾ϡ 
ֺƥϵıӣ޴ͣǰܣͣܣδԶֻоֻ޾ѪȺͿ־塣 
Ѿܲˡ 
شӻȡһذףǰƽġһһģذ׵ķƵĿڴ¶һ˿񾲵ЦݣֻҪһ磬һжˡ 
̫ô£ҵôˣ˵Ȼߴһһذ׵ķ⻮֣Ȼء 
ִ³³Ľһ·һߴš 
ȻǰһһվǰúֻܿЦЩ£ϵѪҲδЩ̫ʲô£ 



24 
һҹ䣬һϢһ㴫 
̫һлȫ»Ǳɱְҵơ 
֮´лȫлȫͶ»˿̣»̫Ѿռ˽һĵ̣̫᧿Σ 
̫֮Уɫ԰ףһķ֮󣬻ǳȥԼŵͼ񣬲ʱһĿԡ 
ȻƸоһδ߳ȥҲͷ㻹ʲô𣿡 
ֱ߽ס 
ƴҪһƻȥȴڶԷ§ס֮ȫȻ 
˽رסõꡣ 
˶̱ڶԷĻУϢŵѩɣѩɡ 
֣Ѿڿʼ˺· 
ȻУ 
ΪʲôСȻüΪ塣 
תͷȻѩһḧѩɣ㡢߰ɣ̫ѣһˡ 
δ˵꣬ȻסҧţĻںУһߺ˺· 
֮࣬һʱѲƽʱһ֮£ֽʱԿأ˿̸£صһ⣬ƬѣûعѾѹ£ͥһʹ֮£ȫ 
Ȼʹ£ȻоϣŭһҪĻɽ̾ҪƵġ 
ƴûƽʱèϷƵȻԵãҲû˳еֶΡֻѹȡӶᣬӡһһǵĹ־ 
ҧĶݺݵšǰĺӧҧľ粿ϧؽһһεĳһƵĺֻͥݺݵȫеشץšֱš˺ۣƷһһʹҽ޶á 
ƾԼҪˣȻǿվ˫ֱŵ̹ǵıһֱ䵽ƵĹͷȥʹ۵ǰòȴǽȵ̧ҽţҵӵͷϡǰǱǻӣűȷֿǱ˺ѳ壬һһηؽ롣 
ʹֱʹѹֱ֮£Ҳûа㷴Ӧˡ 
£ߵߵϣǰ߰Ѫ 
¹£ȫ֪ƣĬĬرڻУڷԵؾβš 
ظϵ˺ۣһƬ䣬̧ͷգҧгݵص죬ʲôˣܴҡΪͻȥƫƫҪúúõģ˭ҪңɱħɱħŻеİˣƣҵģҲʧȥˡԹԵţҵĻУһжҡػ㣬лȫҲ㡣Ϊҵģֻҿ㣬Ҳֻҿ㡣 
£һƬڣҴҵˡ 
ڶ죬ʹţƣ󷢳һȫļƻִµķ 
˺ٵѾ޷ԼˣֻñڻС 
еƣѾıŰ㷴ʶҲУֻйԹԵķԸһָ 
ֱƻʱϢ»Ļ𹥣»ʯ̲µʯֱ̫ǿˡ 
ſڴϵƣһһصĻرУѾ˵ˡ 
ػһʮ϶֣ԷʲôܹµõôãԷҲõֲµ£һֱܱƾеľ档 
ȴһУػԤϴ£еԭ첼ʱѾػ·ػȴ֪ԼĶ¼ƻб֮ȫǽ֣ǲֶεĺݶػ˴ 
˽һһǹƴɱŪģҲаɱû𹥡ˮ󷨡ЩͨǺõĲأֶεöаǼɱ 
Ƴţֱصҩʱʹѻѩɣ㡢㡪ʹһ¾ʹһſڣһѪ˳ 
ؿֻôѪ³žһƨɣʹҽһιȥ 
һƤ֮ˣõŽеôˣлȫһƣڸѪͨ޷书 
Ƴصѩɣû뵽ܶԸػ 
סƣصӽһнҡӮһӮһ 
ǵСʱ򣬵֪󽫾ҲòŮʱ¶˾ģҪڽʾԼжţԭСʱſı飬ڶԺ󣬻ܷá 

25
ʤʵΪȡ 
ϣȴʤӡ 
ߺһʱͳ龰 
ػ֮󣬾ƣҪԼʮʮµ˵书ʤ 
ȴܾܾ˾ܲŮõȹʱһЦ֮ڽϣΪһ֮Ӧս˼ҵĵԺͲûˡ 
ң˭һС£һȥͱ˼Ц˵Խˡ 
˼š 
ˣǰĺӧϺݺݵšһ£ƶ̴ٵؽһԵ 
ȻǴ죬ֻܴһտյۣԷ㽫ڻеֵŪƤеشֹ 
壬в˽ԣҿԣ·һԲ˶һҪоͽУҪ޾ͿޣҪҪ󻶾󻶣һ쵽ʮʱŪ֮УһҲ޷ѡ 
ûŪΪ˵ƣʹԼʧȥöŪȤ 
Ȼ˵У̬ԵùȫһΪ˵ԸԼεг衣 
˺֮ԵúᡪȻư˳ǰ¡ 
кɫ̻ƣݺݵšһ£Ǻܶ£šޡ 
ڣƾţֶ߶µŵݡ棬Ϊ˳ͷղŵںݺݵķ 
òװŶ꣬ˮľҺѾһأ̱һˮһֻʣµ͵ 
֣ͣҲ˼ô죿 
ƴϢһֻֽرԷȻԼŤӵô죬ֻӦսˡܲӦս̫Ͳڽϻˡ 
һŤšһ壺Ӧսƾ塣 
èҲƵؽһˣŵף֪һķ浽ʱҲһԡ 
ǵ͸ŷſʲô 
ɫɺ죬ڵشһŵħ󷨡أʹδ˵ƨذһƣʹ 
ʲôħõģɱȻһ֮£ȫѪ˾ӻǲǣھԻ˵ζ۾ͽƺľѨС 
ʹŤӣŤΣֽֿУˡ 
δҪѵأͣȥشڿ۷壬һ˫Ĵǰ汻һö𻷿סͷšŶγѪڵĿе˼£ȴҲ˿طϷйֱҪˡ 
޷ֹԼĿ޷ͻԼĿУֱÿֵ˼㣬Ҳʹൽ˼㡣͵ʹޱȣȴԽԽʹ޲õҩͰһ޲̵ѻ𣬰Լը÷ǣÿһ缡ÿһͷܵõš 
޶޵ö϶أףҡҴˣҰɣ´ٲˣɱҰɣɱҰɣˣ´ٲˡʲôˣء 
ģΪʲôεΪʲôҪܣܲķ࣬ӣ˺ѣҲҪſ޷йʹ࣬ȫ뱬ըȴը˵ļ˵Ĵ̼ 
ûĹĥʱ֮ŪԼҲƣʱŴڳɿϵĽ𻷡 
ǰѪˮҲ˲ʹˣ˿̵ΣˮһڴڵشûлԹȥʱÿһӵʹ඼̹ģʱ˵һһ޾ 
Ҳ۵̱ڴϣ˳һƿҩƵǰ 
ƵǰѾһƬģʣʲô 
ص鵤 
һ飺˵鵤Ķģ 
صԭŪԸȵģû뵽ѾôˣҸ߹鵤ʱֻù֮󣬻ʧ޷˹ÿʱһʱɢ֮࣬û˻ĻСҲ㡣Ǻöùǹƨħ󷨻 
ҩƿأһѣػˡһнңšǷѵڣʱɢʱֻҪԹԵһᱧġ𣿡 
ƹԹԵصͷղⷭĥĻķӦ 



26 
ǰġ 
ػһսӮһƣػԹԵ˳еĵ̣ͽлȫ 
칦ϣΪ̫ĸࡣ 
Ȼ󣬻صУʹİȻҹʱ֣ܵһεɢ֮ࡣħѵ֮ɢ֮ಢôʹࡣ 
ǣҲʹ˻УʹôʹȫҪըƵġ 
رסǽ£֣·żʹáֻҪһҹɢ֮Ҳòôܡ 
糿ʱϣҲƬƬ˺ۣеԲԣһԹԵƾŪ壬ŸӭĶ 
һĸԸظأҲеõ߳Ϳ֡ 
ǿƵɢ֮࣬ٶбΪࡪҲֻ۵ĥ 
ڣϣ»㱨Ϣû˸̧ͷҲû˿һһģߴӣסĴӣҲû˿βڼŤš 
ٿǰһӣӻ꣬Ȼ·ǰһԲԲıĶľѨ֮У΢ЦڿʱҲҡ 
5555555ʲô˼ˡһ÷ůľѨܿԺηݺԿʼʴڱڣȻ˺ֻǡǳǳܡ 
վʹȫվǰ̨£Ȼ󣬽ŸߴӺͿĳ۵ڣͼԼǿ÷óȻһģ˺һʵ޿ˡ 
Ūָ̫ˣĵطǽӽеĵطϣ˼εĺǰ÷ƽеλá 
ӡסԼĿڣýµвĽдֱҪˣǿ÷еʱֱûһǹСɬеĴ̼һسе㡣 
ģƽʱһͻѣ̱һţȴϵηĥ˶ʱҶסԼǰ˵Ŀܣݺݵһһʹķεĸоιȥ 
Ҳʹʱǿ÷ĥʹͣʱݻᡣǻȥۡҪ£ɢᣡ 
һҲҶ¶һ¾ͻ÷ĥȵɢȥ亹ѾȫŪʪˡ 
ŬҪվȴôҲվֻ÷ԸΡ 
֪һظĥĵӣͣزţ̶̼ʮ׵ǰ·µľҺѾӺȫŪʪˡ 
ͣڷǰˣƷǽ߽ȥź÷ţ˵ڵϣҲ֧Ųסˡ 
ſڵϣʮ׵·Цڴϣ˹ָ 
еѾǰάʱþˡƵűߣ˫ŲͣزȴôҲվˡ 
س¿ӣˣң졢졭 
̶̼׵·úʹ࣬ΪֻҪԽңеϵĥԽ 
ץסĽţˮץס˾һȫĵĻУƴ̸ƨɣ졢졢档 
΢ЦţȥסľѨද㲻Լˣǲǡ 
ƷʹҲˣˡ 
΢Цţ꣬ƵĽԽԽ̴٣ӲˣۿҪȥȻ֣ǿľѨѾõȡӣǿ÷ȡ˳˳ƵĿС 
ҡͷܾǴͳ˵첻Ծ԰ɣ÷̲ˣǺǣƳԵû졣 
Ȼ̱ϣһҲܶˡ 
Ϣ˰죬ŽӹӹˮңӣƵŵĲȥ೦ϴԼͥԴϴεϺ¼֮ͷʲôó֮󣬾Լȳϴɾٳ 
೦ͬһʹ£Լ೦ 
ϴʱԼֱȥ˰űߣѾѵɫ԰ף촽ѪɫǰҲֱð 
Ϣ˺һҽõȣǽŽŲ 
ûƽʱһҪֻԶԶڴϣһֵ 
ɪһ£۾£˻ѩɣѩɣôˣ 
ЦˣһһĶˣֵˡ 


27

ûƽʱһҪֻԶԶڴϣһֵ 
ɪһ£۾£˻ѩɣѩɣôˣ 
ЦˣһһĶΪʲôôʣ 
߽ĻУҡ 
ؽڻУȴûнһĶ 
ĻŤţֹĲţţԼ·ؽ壬Ȼûж 
Ƶӹһ˿־壬ǰûгٹģʱҪúܺҲŰʱèϷƵֶĥǴûĻУȻûҪ 
ȥؽ⿪·¶һļѩ׵ϣظǡŤԼӣ˴ɣҲѽ 
ǰЩгȡĶֹ侲ܲŪŰҲùĮӡ 
ŤžȥŬţĸоԽԽǿƵĶͷѾ΢Ÿȥ׼ȥסķ֪һȡķǰʵԼȥô 
ֹƣҪôǿ 
֣ȥԼǾޱʣѩɣǾޱȥģѵ壬Ѿκ𣿲ôŬ𣿡 
̾һסƣƣҪ£Լˡ 
Եĺӣе벻룬ѩѽôңֻҪߡˡڲѩɣô죬ô죿 
Ŵ⣺ƣһƬ죬ˡ 
ƽر࣬ΪʲôԸǡòãְ̫λҪҲУšҵѾˣѾˣɽҲ㣬뿪ҡ 
һҶԽûȤĽɽȨҲûȤµĽɽշ£Žɽ棬һڲʲôкٻ伢 
ί˵ѩɣĵģҾ޴⡣ 
ЦһΪȨõĶ£Ϊ˶ǵúһ 
ƿҪʲô 
ͣʱһЩңԶ˵ҵԸһͨССȢһƽӣһɰĶӣʱɾն飬ɽ󸻹ֻƽƽعÿģߣٽ̼СӶɲģʱҳ׵õغ֡ 
˰գ벻ʲôãظŪ̾һѽĳ治 
һˣѩɣǲȥ 
üͷ˵ 
ƽرסͷĻʹĥѩɣˣô졣ϴߵĶʮ죬ҲһһŻлȫҡξ뿪Ұ죬Ҳܲ˵ġ 
̾һһıӣ˵ȥߣû˵Ҫ뿪㡣һȥɽɫҲáȤһ£ҪȻˣûǾޱūߣôأѵұ˽ 
ƱһزȴҲΪǣ˷ܵ۾Źˡ 



28
ɽˮ߹һһկ 
ºָÿȡš 
ջеĸǺܺãֻţٻҲҽгҧ촽Ѫ̵ 
޹˼ɵطţƵòܾˣŭسš 
ƲҽУ޴йˮͲܿƵ 
ᣬŻͣ֡ 
С򽭺ѪԭŮˣԱˮ 
Դ֮ˮѾǰܺˡ 
ÿÿǲֹģ޴йʹ࣬Կصı߳ܵˮޱȣ˷ޱȡ 
ȻˣӦɽС·ϯĻأڲõǹ£¹£ɽСϪˮٲ 
ƻʱ򣬿һķϵĴլ˻رȥȻûˣǣһŴ󴲣ĽϣŴԧ졣 
͵͵ؿ˿ȻˣѩɣǾסأ 
ɽסʮ죬ȻԸߴġ 
һϣشƣһֵĸ߳ƻغһ̾ȥһƬƬģÿһƬҲǻֵġ 
ƴϢŵѩɣ̫Ҹˣǣôû뵽һô¡ 
صƣÿ𣿡 
Ƶ۾дŰȻѩɣֵһ졣 
Ĵһ˿Цôͺúõؼסһ̰ɣΪһεĿ֡ 
һȻֻñһ飬һصסʮ˴ѨֻǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ 
ƻȻȫʹȻ侲ؿ˿ԼԼһ̼ϣȫôֵϸýʵʵµǣǴùǵġ 
һ˽ţܶǺʯڡ 
һ綹ǰؿԲЦ 
΢΢һ£ù̾һʹһҲʹˡ 
ǰʵ׽͸ʴӡƷ˵ѩɣôˣʹˣ㰮ôô棬αҪء 
Ǳģɽ򡢻¡ţЩʣܸһʾ 
ƵһȴµҡҡͷȻ֪ʹѽѩɣҺʹҺ㱧ҡ 
۾رϣһ˿ʹɽҵĹʾӣһǰɽˣĪʧˣɽһһҲûеĹ򡭡 
ҧ´û˵ 
أ˵һ˵£Һ֮ءȢޣҲһǰһճɰ׵ء 
û˵ 
Цô˵ˣҵƣ 
̧ͷеûжɽôǶû˼ǵţûôǶҲû˼ǵ㡣 
ҡҡͷ˵ǵҵԸһͨССȢһƽӣһɰĶӣʱɾն飬ɽ󸻹ֻƽƽعÿģߣٽ̼СӶɲģʱҳ׵õغ֡ֻа벽֮ң 
ƵŤǸŮ˱㣬ô㣬㻹ҶôãȻ 
صҵӣһӡĳһ죬ΪѾˣѾˣҾˡֱǰҲ֪޵Ǹ˷ţԭ̫ʮ֮һ 
Цݲҵ˵ҵµ֮һҲţǸ½СôǱ˿µˡҴˣƣĴˡжҵͨҸĿܣɱкϵˣеΨһҾȻڵ֪ʱȥ㣬Ϊ԰ʱΪһʱԭһжֻһ֣վֻŪڹ֮еһѡ 
Ƶ飬õ򶨣ᣬһ־Υ˵İֳôѩɣҰ㣬Ҫ㣬㲻ӿҡһʱȫȫңôУűˣ뿪أʮֵãҷߣΪľֻ֮һˡ㲻ӣҲӲˡ 



29 

Ƶ飬õ򶨣ᣬһ־Υ˵İֳôѩɣҰ㣬Ҫ㣬㲻ӿҡһʱȫȫңôУűˣ뿪أʮֵãҷߣΪľֻ֮һˡ㲻ӣҲӲˡ 
ŭžһѾȥ˵ţҲ㣬Զκˡ 
һУΪ̫ˡ 
Цһ֣һ֮֮ 
ƿص˵ҲԼġǣǵңϴǾޱ㹴ղܡ 
žһһ²Ƕ⣬Ǳӡ 
˻ԩͷծǵ㣬ĳѽΪʲôΪʲôɱǣ 
ؿ֮ǰѵ㲻֪˭ȻңͲȥǱˡɱЩˣʹΪҸһʹһΪô࣬ôȥˣôȥˣ˶Ҫ˶Ҫ 
žһޱŭƣȻʹңΪʲôɱ˲ң㷸ǷŰ 
ҧأһޱ޵سͣʱѾѪⷭɣˡŬ̧ͷһЦ˵öԣǷ̫ˡʶ֮ǰҪ˶˵һᱻһ˲ٵ÷һ¼ļŮһһ˵ӵ¿󰮣һڵ£ŻҪҡβһΪ˷ˣһΪǸЦЦشЦЦᣬЦ۾ˣı⻹вҵĻȻǲһ¡ϣŰĶ裬ңĳͷôģôѽ 
ⷬ˵ӣǶˣƲЦΪֻһѰɣұĹϵ㲻ڵǶʮҹˣҹŮˣҹһ¥ͷмˡûãƯˣٸĴϼɣֻҵӿӵּʣκܹοġΪʲôȻôΪʲôڶôᣬʹ֮ΪʲôۣղܵسС㲻Ǵ̵ǾޱǴڻӵʹ࣬ʹпУûȴ˷񡣡 
صһܻվǰ𣿡 
˵㲻þֶݽȥʹȴΪԼңҵʹҪܣȻ㣬Ǿǡ 
ڲʲô𣿡 
ЦΪҰ㣬ԣҲ븶ͬȵİһжԲˣ㷢ӱ㣬ɱӴ˲ŮˣΪŮֻܴѡΣ֮УˣңҾΪСǰӱܣΪθУһֱڸˣͻ᲻ķңͻ벻ҡɽʱѾ˷ǡһֻʣҡҴӲɱǣֻǺ㷢һСһΣһôģΪֻҲҡ 
ŤԼѾ˼㣺ħҲᰮϣôܰˡ 
ƿһУԴҰ㡣 
ŭ㻹˵㻹˵㲻˵㲻䰮һޱ޵غݺݳȥسȥ 
УƴӴЦҽУֱֱͣ 
һˮ۾Цˣ͵͵˵һ仰û壬üǰȴһڳЦ֪վ᲻ôҵġ 
صԣ᲻ô״㡣Ҫţ˸ʹࡣʱҵģɱġ 
뿪Ƶߣŵƣȥϵĳÿһһ仨Ƶġ 
̬Ƶسȥֻÿͷʼë 

30 

ŤԼѾ˼㣺ħҲᰮϣôܰˡ 
ƿһУԴҰ㡣 
ŭ㻹˵㻹˵㲻˵㲻䰮һޱ޵غݺݳȥسȥ 
УƴӴЦҽУֱֱͣ 
һˮ۾Цˣ͵͵˵һ仰û壬üǰȴһڳЦ֪վ᲻ôҵġ 
صԣ᲻ô״㡣Ҫţ˸ʹࡣʱҵģɱġ 
뿪Ƶߣŵƣȥϵĳÿһһ仨Ƶġ 
̬Ƶسȥֻÿͷʼë 
˳ȥ 
һ˻һ޶ƣƣңһУΪΪ 
ҪͷȥѩɣǰΪʲôҪһУΪұ˱΢ѽ 
˵һ̧еİɫδĨƵ塣 
̣Ʒһ춯صĲҺΡһΣĨ޴Ƥ˿ϡ 
ʹֱȱ޴ҪʹʮֱһѵһƵ⡣һҽгڣɫ̱òҰףͷ亹ܲ漴ʹû˹ȥ 
һˮؿ۾ң㲻ңδңΪķڡ˵ģһֱҪӿҸӿ 
ѾһϢЦһЦ뿪֮ǰҲǵġΪҸϻʱҲһŪúܲңǸ棬˵ġһ̣ʮ˲Ҳٷſˡҡڣ 
ڲһ̣еӣһͱƵģǺȻ֮䣬ݺݵرĺͥŰʧ˿̵ĸǿԼ¿ధᡢ 
޷ټˡ 
ŭؽеιˤڵ£˵Ρ 
ڲݵϴڴڵشŴصϢݵķ㣬ƽǰһУôɽôࡣ 
ɱĵΣźںڵĴڣ棬ǸħƵơ 
۾һƣҪΪܻҵһ֪֮䣬˭ǲ˵ˡ 
һˮݺݵͷʹ̼Իһ˿ЦЦǿϵƵأΪӲ 
ӣƵĶƣ֪㵽װҵʲô̶ȣɲҪʧŶ 
̧ͷǿЦһЦЦȴڿеĶʱסˡ 
һǣһͰͰŵģϣǴӵ﷢ȫˣƤҪҰǽ˿֮Уٰôϵȥôأ֮࣬ҹһ̡֮ЩɽĶϺر𣬵ҧ˿ʱڳĶػȫͣ˿ʹӱټǣһ֮ãܣһʱȫͣʱ֮˿ˮʱ֮ȫƤȫӲù⣬Ѿһ֮˵ѪȫԹ⣬ֻʣһƤĹͷҵƣϷô 
ֻùͷڶ£ǿЦѩɣ㲻ôҵģǲǣ㲻ôݵģǲǣ 
һ˿ӲЦƲһľ룺ڸһᣬֻҪ˵㲻ҡҾͷ̫ȥ 
ҡҡͷȻһѾһǽӣȻ󣬽ͰƣͰĶŵǼѪȵϢѹѹطӵֻһƵϾ˺ѹѹĶϡ 
Ʒ˲Ҿ徵֮ѩɣɱҰɣɱҰɡ 
ǴӵдȻ˵ңͲҧԾҪһС˵İǼٵġ 
ƵţѩɣһҽУ궼һʹ˻ 
һزҽУʤʮ˲ֻȫҪըƵأǿų˵ΣŲ֪ķ񱼡 
ǲͣ׷Ҳ֪˶ãǰһСϪʱǲ˼˽ȥ 
Ϫˮ÷侲վСϪм䣬ػղŵһ͵һʹѹ̷ʱ·񱼡 
УѾûˣûвҽûкֻϡ֨֨˱Ѫ 
һͰˮ£һͰˮ¡һͰͰˮ£еϣϵѪϺɫѪϺɫɷۺɫɵɫȻһ 
޴ĿֻģҲ֪ԼĿ־ӺζֻǷأһһµشѾҧ͵ƣ㲻һû׼أ㲻Ծôˡ㣬㲻˵ҾͲƭҡƭңҪƭҡ 
һһ£һһ£ֱƱ͵׵ͷһѪƵĿͷͷһֻ࣬һ£ֻ˹ȥϲǰллأ΢ĺ 
棺 
żǺ裬ż裬 
ż컹ûŰأŰŰ 
ҹ¶أഩ·÷ 
󣬸λ󣬺Сһһ£ŹŰʱ⣬ͺˡ 

31 

޴ĿֻģҲ֪ԼĿ־ӺζֻǷأһһµشѾҧ͵ƣ㲻һû׼أ㲻Ծôˡ㣬㲻˵ҾͲƭҡƭңҪƭҡ 
һһ£һһ£ֱƱ͵׵ͷһѪƵĿͷͷһֻ࣬һ£ֻ˹ȥϲǰллأ΢ĺ 
æƱ뿪ΣŻشϡ 
ƺ΢ϵĶʹȫƤףţ׵ͷһȥǺȻࡣСؽȫһϴҩÿ˿ڴѾԣǼȻʹΡ 
еĳʹҧΪȫҩðϸáʱΪеĴ󻹵Ͱ衣˿ڰʱԵİ趼Ѿꡣ 
ؽҧôҲû취󻹵ò˿أֻǴ󻹵ͣڿУ޷¡û취ֻý󻹵ԼҧˣȻ죬һڿڵιȥ 
Ȼڻ֮УȫȴǲزڻУѾͷأƽٲ֫ 
üʱƵ˿ˮһ˿еĶųȴһæŽ𿪣ϴ˿ڣٶȻµҩȻٶһڿڽ󻹵ҧ˸ιȥ 
ɫ߸ոһ㵨ףԱѾһҹˡ 
ҩˣøϽȥ򣬸ζҩĵطҲҪʱ̾˿ɱֻ˵㼦࣬ظιһϵ⼸ʱӦ£æʩչṦɱȥ 
ҩѾˣǸϻؼһʱ䣬ϵƵƣɽϣȴñ졣һϲҲ˲ÿʲôˣʱѾһԾϳ˿ȥһŮӵľ˲ûͷһӣܵúÿ죬ת۱㽫Է׵ԶԶġ 
̫ɽǰ˻ŽƣȻ죬΢΢ضһ¡ٶһ£ؼѵ۾ 
ԼĻУƳ鴤һ£׵ͷ۾Ѿ͵һϸ죬΢ϢεѾ޷ˡǾʹࡢǺޡʲô 
ƴϢ˼ڣѵſ죬æĿڱߣڶȴѾκˡؿסԼĺĺΪȵ˻кͶص룬Ѿ޷ٷһˡ 
۽ƲָڿһҧһѪ£ָϵѪϣѵд֡󡱡㡱֣ѾþȫƴϢţţ۾ȴֱֱؿڰ 
Ҫʲô 
ڻһָϵѪѾЩ̵ļˣٶЩȱ֣ɱҡ 
ƣãȻ˵öԣˣҲã 
ؾ̽ǵʱ򣬵ʱ˶ϵǰذףƵĿڣһ¡ 
Ʊ۾ƺһڳ䶨ƽ 

32 
ƣãȻ˵öԣˣҲã 
ؾ̽ǵʱ򣬵ʱ˶ϵǰذףƵĿڣһ¡ 
Ʊ۾ƺһڳ䶨ƽ 
֣ذѾӽƵĿڣƵһһѪð˳Ƶüͷ΢΢һ塣 
ͷ亹ֱðһѪƵĿλá 
Ȼһذþȫ˳ȥȫѾ亹ʪ͸ȫţΪʲôΪʲôҪһУرסƣ档 
һƣĵᣬֲ֪ʲôʱֽץס 
ĺҹľ֪ӵסģץ˵һʹĵ׵ı˴ץţֻ໥ĥһ޾ԨǲӽնԵǲӿ˭ſԷ˭ûԼֽһС 
һɱƣȴһҪĿ˵֣ΪѾûԼնϣʹ࣬Ҳ޷˵֡˼Ѿ̹ǣѾûԼ⿪ˡ 
ļžУȻԺ 
ɽУҹ˭ţ 
طƣ˿̵ƳزƬƣȫţ˿ڲϵŻˮʵڲ˼ϸײϣȻ±ӣ˷ţȥ򿪴š 
һ˻һŮǣվ⣬߳ӡ 
صкμ̣ 
ǰŮüëһкμ⣬ץ 
סˣ㡪㡣 
Ů˵㻹浱ûһ˵ְˣȫһŮɽϻΣաˣܺţôң 
̾һԲôģ 
ŮеӸһ仰ʶ; 
һ죬һҾͽˣ˭֪ܻߣȻὫ˴Ǵʱƣ᣺ôµɣ 
Ůµؿзëˣ㵽ô 
Ůص㲻СëʲôǵøϵôڣҪǸ㾪ʧԭ򡣡˵ţҪȥ 
һæǰסȥ 
ǰŮһ˫ĿһתȻֻԼǱŮӿƵģһ裬˺벽 
ǰŮ΢΢һЦ֪֮£ûһˣԾܾ⣡ 
󾪣正Ů正ػ正 
Ů正Ƿ۵һСáʮʱʦֵһ˽Ĵմǵ뿪⣬˴һӾڰ³Ϊɮࡣº£ȴΪȥǳʦ֣ŵһɮΪȥСңɭϵΪᱻ˽´ŭ浽͢ⲻӣֱʵۣʵ۾Ϊں󹬡ãʵ۷佫ִʮƳһִʮʲôӣ˭֪ϲԸһ飬ʵ嶷ţ޿κΡһ֮ػ⡣ 
˭֪еҹȻվԼǰ 
Ϊζֻƥǡƶ 



33 
ǰŮһ˫ĿһתȻֻԼǱŮӿƵģһ裬˺벽 
ǰŮ΢΢һЦ֪֮£ûһˣԾܾ⣡ 
󾪣正Ů正ػ正 
˭֪еҹȻվԼǰ 
Ϊζֻƥǡƶ 
ɫˣȥȵӰִ˵Ȼ䣬һ˵ĳ嶯⣬Ļ㣬һðˣô죿 
⻺ػͷ̬һϵĶǲðˡ߻ǰûô죬˾ͰˡʱȻʹ࣬еõĿֺʹǳȵġܾ飬δؾܱʹ࣬οأ 
һ˺һ󲽣亹Ѿ£㡢ô֪ҡȻ򣺡˵ʲôҲ 
΢΢һЦḧӣ£дϣ۾˵̣ͬңôῴأʲôһֱһӰԼȻ˺ȴҲʧȥ˿֡ 
۾峺¼Σ⣬˲֪ػĽ૵صһٲơ 
ԣ˺ˣˣȴҲͬʹ࣡Ķ˵ 
һ۾ֻһ磺㡢ô֪һеģ 
⿴۾˵۾ҵģϵҵġ 
ؿΣ 
߽䣬˻֮С⿴Ŵȫ͵ˣһɵģ 
˵ͷžһѾصشһ¶⣺㡢ֱˣ 
Цһúãϣܹúõشһ١ 
૵صӡӣһǷӡ 
Ĭţ֣⿴дϵ֣㡢ɱң 
ĬƬ̣ڴߣƵϸһ˻ˣҲʱʱޣȴҪĳ̶ȡ 
һˣţʵ̫ʹˣ 
̧ͷϵıЦЦа취ȥֻҪҵġ 
˵ͷ΢΢һЦƵĶߣص֪ţҴˣҪûԼҡ 
ƻһ۾޺޵ؿ⣬¶ЦݣһҩƵĿУָһ㣬ֻǰһڣʲôҲ֪ˡ 


Ҳ֪˶ãƻֻȫ޴ʹһԷŴߣٿԼȫϸʵʵأͷһ· 
ѾˣҲѾˡ 
ŭɣˡȻ䣬źˣȻѾ˵ˡһȻҲࡣȻȫȻʹѣЩˣΪ 
´·վھǰǰԼϵѾȥ٣ֳ 
ȻȻǱֱվţս˫ȭ棺⣬ţӵĶȥأҶҳġ 


һ̫С 
ҴҸƱ棺µõ߱⽫ڽĵϳ֡ 
Ƶ˵ͷһΣһҪǶ˻ץ 
һǰ˫˫ʧ֮ǰ˷ʱߵӣ 
ϵһ£Ķȥˣ 
ԥһһϲɣǡ 
סڡƼֱǱŭˣûܹ⣺̽ץң 
֮ʱҷصĳȹԶԶʱֱӽ˼䡣 
ص⣿ 
ḧԼĳǰ 
ЦһֻǺεȵˣտǶŲĿãҲ֮ˣȴƫƫɦŪˣϵ˶Ϲ𣬾ᰮˡ 
ЦŹƵ˵ú˵úã˭ҪǰŮˣȥһøã 
һסòιȥ㡢ˣòͷ𣿡 
Цݣ̾ô˵ëŶ 
ƺһʲôˣ㾹ҽ뱾Ტۡ 
⵭صʵתһȦ޷ҪңĶһ꣬Ҹʲô飿 
ƿ˵𣿡 
̧ͷô 
סˣҴôһз˼ôԴôݺݵĥôԼǰģԼôӸµȡЦǱȽ֣еͷȻòʵĻ 
ʣ㵽ҪôҪĥһſǰѵ̫Уȱٵ˹һ𣿻Ҫӵĺ㣬Ը㣿ǡߵƵĶߣ˵˼仰 
Ƶɫ䣬ú֣Ȼ⣬ҪһǣҪԼһ 
Ƶָɬ㡢㵽ô 
ĵһЦ֣ḧƵص˳ףи˻᲻ᵽֳأ 
ŭ㡪΢΢һЦеһ𣬷һ澵ӣɦŪˡ 
˺һеһϨЦһãǳס 
һϢҲƵش齭֮ҵƴ֮ϲΪŮ⡣ 




һϢҲƵش齭֮ҵƴ֮ϲΪŮ⡣ 
򣬺£ˡ 
ʱ֡ 
Цͷ๫һֵǧǸϨˡԼվߵɹǰҪȥ 
ûж۾ؿо޽ӵ顣 
Ȼصȥ֮ǰһߡ 
һ̾ͷϵĺͷɵϡ 
رסƣƣˡȻǣźͷסƵ졣 
ֻĿһʹǺȻƵģ˵ƮƮط˾죬Ȼеȫʧ 
һȵˮϣסһˣһ꣬û㣬û˺ƣᡢݣҺ㡣һ㣬ÿҹﶼҲ㣬ô˺㣬ֻΪҺ£˽̻ҲκˣٸҲŻԼʧصʱǨŭ㣬˺İ취Լٱһκ𣿲Ըԭң±Ժ 
ƱڻУţҵظţȫһҲûˣһҲʹԺУǾüȻ֣̿ϲ 
ϲ۱ؽ⿪¶ݵġʹ۵ӣȫһȵˮƵĸ䣬ɢЩ˺ۣ͵͵źţƣơ 
ȻȫһӶסˣڻУֱͷסƸǲ֪ʲô¡ 
㾹ȻôԴң͵ҵѨߵһ߻ҵɡŵڶ 
Ц⣬ҪȽ⿪ҵѨҸǸ𣿡 
ȴȻԼҲѨ⣬ҵҵѨ㾿Ϊ 
Цصûʲôҿ̫ˣô۸ôһԵأҪңǵúúĥ 
ƱãȴŹƵǰҹҪиӣǸҲҪиǸĳ⡣ãǸԭ㣬ܹΪҹù߼ǻͷ˾Ϳɻء 
ͷƿǰͺؿڼ˺þã̧ͷһƾ͵ͷҡҡ˺þãȻ̧ͷ˵ڣҡơҡ 
ҲñùҲøϺƵģѵص⣬Ҫ 
һ𣬿ƣصͷֱ̧ͷ۾һֵ˵ϣڴģӽԺҽһʱ䣬ơƣԭңҵĺر飬ƽʹĸһһ㡢ϧ㡢ǻ㣬㹲Я裬ͷϣ㡪Ը⣿ 
ƶؿˮѾ£ѩɣΪһȲ˵ңȲشˡ 
ֻúһѨѽ⣬رסƣƣȥƩǡͷ𣿡 
֣ḧȥϵˮ·˴ͷĻ˽壺Сӱ 
ؿ֪ʱȻñ˵ۡ 
Ӧ룬ĻУһװֵСкź۾ơ 
һ𣬳úŶ 
һ𣬲ŵؿơ 
ƺЦѺӵݸѩɣǵ˵һԸǺİһ𣬱źӣȳ衣 
źӣ·Ƶģ⺢ӡ 
Цúܺ꣺ӵʱ÷ţѺӸˡ 
ؿɽУôʹ࣬㶼ûа˵ 
΢΢һЦһЦúְҵۣӣңǸҡ 
ⳤ̾һֲ˵ҵµ֮һȻӲˡ 
΢΢һЦӽסƣǣʲôұͲˡƣûӣҶ޷ſˡ 
ƱǵȫĻУ̵ѩɣҡ 
ȥĶ˵ãȰŮӳȥûǵĺ¡ 
ƻû֣ѾЦ붴ҪýӹǽŲҽСŰʮѽ 
ɫ䣬ſЦ㣬ùạ̃ɱˣ 
һתҪǲأ 
΢΢һЦһЦݾȻ⣺ûһףԣ˸֡˵꣬һڡ 
ɫһ䣬е壬ƣҲŹġѾǳ嵽űߣһţһһˡ 
Цúܿģµ˽ˣǺ죡 
顢顢顪ⱻػߣ˺£Ŵϣֻʣ۵ˡ 
ааЦţƵľһǺۣӡӦһº𣿡 
ȫƣĻвŤţʲô£ 
֣ţסļǰˣƽϢһУָΧػȦӣƲеԺҪٸǸŮˣôɰҪ̻ˣҲϲġ 
շת䣬˵Ŀܣõģѩɣȫģ 
һõ˵ˣýʲô 
һʶѿڶˡ 
̾һŨŨǸΣƵĶߣɵϣӦý๫ 
ϲõˮƵ۽ǣĴߣͷζƻϲĽе๫ 
ӡһõУƵڣغ϶Ϊһ 
ůɫޱߡ 

1š 
0š 
籾ѩ 

ȫգ 

Ǿޱ֮⡪ 

 
ĳ磬̫ҡ 
ãҵƺ͸ڴĳŰ˶ 
˫ֽסˮţ޵ŤţҪҪ졢졭 
ȻͣҲͣ˻۹˵ʲô𣿡 
Ȼ˺Ĭͬʱڵһ¹ 
Ƶ̱ɱ˭龰Իˡһ죬¹ķһ 
ѿһСԴ˳ 
˶ɵˣӦ죬һƱӣס϶Ϊһӣʵô 
̫СĶӡƵ˲ĿˮѪˮŵŵŵܵǰͳԼõΪƲȥϵˮߴһصһڣ常ޣϲ常 
ѽƸжؼֱҪޣԼƽʱûаСӣҪʱԼСӵģǱ֤ƣôܲùϵأ 
˵˵ڶ仰常ŰӺÿɰŶ 
ۣƲ㱻ԼĿˮҭˣˣҪˣ 
濴Ÿ˵˵仰ҳˣҲҪ常ŰŪޣҲᣬһģ 
ˣһεˣ˵˵ƣҲǶڴĽ⣬ȻԼ 
εˡѩ 
END 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
صļԣwww.27txt.com ṩȥ˴վŶ
ƷԻͼ,˲κθݰȨ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------