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ϲ֣Ѱ˰ܣԿ¡

һˣŷڵѪҺǾֻ£ǲᰲһ˶͵ĸ

ȻʱԿطƣ̫Ѱպ⡣ͬʱҲ֪Կطǳ֮վɵǰ̽鵽ֵܵ䣬ڽǱİ£뼽ܵؿס˰ΧԴΪҪЮ
뼽İķܻᡰĿˡ
ˣȴͬ
뼽۾ȲĹâԿطĵЦǰ˵̫ӣȴ
˵Ǹӡ뼽ķâ˾ÿЦݲҰģҲͬǴĿֶΡ

뼽Զɱϲ¶ۼϧ̫ӵҰѲһ졣
Կط£ôһжá
ɣܱǡ





ڰ ٷ˭Ʈм

ˣΪЦңҲġӼ국Ȼɣɫ
ңûϵķӦԿطĲһ١
ԸֳģֺγڶֵܵӼһ

״ɱеͨ͸Һǰһ㣬޵̴㣬ʹĵףЩ±¿̹ĵӡ
ԿطһȻ
֪˵ʲô
ǲ뼽ν飬Լƾʲôأ
᧿ΣһϹյ˰̣θûʮݸƳɹˣֵԿطƴһͷķɻڴССһز£ȵе
Ӽˡ
Ҫٻˡ
档

΢΢֧ӣӼ̧һӣķ͸˼Ʒ˿ٴ΢ЦԿطһġ
ֻ
һǡ

ʱܾӼйƻĵı졣
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Կط˲ͣ͡
ĺɫĺϣ¥߸ٴ΢Ц˵ƶһĽ꣬ǳǳĹӰ棬㱼ͻȻԿطƾȥ
ȥô
ǽǵ̴ȼˣ
Ϊڡ
ԿطȻʧ̬سǰץӡ

ӼЩĴ㵣ӱ㽩ץš
һӻصһҹ
˵ľܹо˴˵ĺ
з硣
̴ϣһĿͫӳɫʡ
ԿطֱֱǾķ绪۷һ̣һͻȻ粻Ψĵͨ͸
ɣͨ˫ͫԼǲһģ
ˮɫϣϲһľ롣
ݺݵسǰѴӣһ´ӵľʴϣȻľ֣Ӽֻôһת˲ľ죬ܿƽ糣һ䣬Ҿ֣ҡ
ͲôҲǿɱ˵ġǾ档

Ӽҡͷ˺ܾãû˿뿪˼ͻȻڣ㡭
δ˵꣬۾ͻȻһ˫סһֳһֱԿطݺץס˳׶ãֱںڰ
ϸŵִʪȵ¶ȡӼԺתܶͷʮ꣬˺ܶණˮеĽ𲻰ȪڲסҰġϧԼǼһҵ꣬ź̫ʱ˵뼽һֱΪ׽ġ
ִţȻӴ;̫ӣȻǱӴ˱Ƶ裬ȻҪôͶȥɡ޳

һ죬ʲôҲʱŷ֣ԭкܶණֵ
ٺúȥһۡ
ͬҲǵһΣӼδĵӿһֵ뷨
뿴ģ˿ҵԿطǲܹһ죬õҪġ
뼽Զòġ
Ҳֻǣ
뿴ܲӮ

Կط㶵ؿµͻȻӿһ˿Ц⣬ɫֻ΢΢ǣǣ
ץסӵٴμӴ󣬺ԵأоüӼ΢˫Ҫ˵Щʲôȴδ˵
ǜ[Ƶĺ󾢶΢

һӡĴ

ǳһϮɫĿڲͬģԶɽˮһɫеΨһ¶Ц購̧㵹
οǱĿٵķǡĿһв׺Կ뻭
ʱܵƻ
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ΪӼλֱӽ˵ġԺ׼
Ӽξҵزһ£ʲôû
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ǳɫɷƵǴЦֻ˵һ仰˵ԿطҲˡ
ԿطЦָ˳̬ȴѹ˵ǲһȺӡϹˣӼβ˵ǻѾƳʢﲻѣΪԼⳡεߡ
Цøӷ·ڴ˳Եʰ⡣
ӼεľǲһʼͰжνԿطߺޡ
ӼΡ֣һһٵ쳣ࡣҲΣʵѾ֤뼽˭ܹȪˡ
˵ЩʲôģȴͻȻŷʲôӼҪ̧Կط£Ҳգϡ
ԿطֿһЦΪʲôˡûµǰ㻹֪뼽᲻ɱ㡣
ӼδûлɹҰģֻ֪ǲǵǸҡĶң֪
ԿطֱֱضӼλЩѹҲվں΢΢üͻȻ֪Ǻã㡭Ѿˡ
ҲˡĹ¿ʼЦЩˣΪԼǰ;ɱˣҲںܵܡҲ顣
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ڵĹѾİֻϡоĺһݵ
ӼزͷƳһɫͻȻʶԼҪȵˣվû۾

뼽ûĿ˵ɣԿط֣ԣȷڵ̫ӡ

һƬ̻ǰˣü￴ӼƿԿطϻûʹʲô뿪齡
߹ȥһƣҪȣȴֻϵԿط˵ˡ
Կطÿɷ񣬻ٺȣҲҪˡ

һΣӼҲЦÿ
Цֻ̧ܴٱһ̬ڷʲôѹ׵˼ɾٱ
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һεģ֮Ϊƻ
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ԿطҲЦΪٵ
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ȴ͵ָٴӣһʹԼС
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洦С
µŮӣһ۵̫Ӹȥ

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Ӱ蹬ǽš
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ϧҵüһ̧׵ľ衣

ЦǾȻʧɫ
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ȵϼ糺죬ˡǽ죬ӼξԼܿЩ⡣
űӣڣҪһ꣬
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һԸΥԵԿطس̾һҪȴӼֹֻǳɫζҪվ
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һӼ˿£ʩʩȻŽԽԽĵš
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뼽һشǰԼԭֻһҡ
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ŮԡǰķаԳֵ

Ӽ֪ãǰȥοȴЦ۹⿴ԿطһͣԭǺԹһͬȥˣҲԸһ
ӼθҪ𻰣˵ѵüԹҲװ磬ӼΣˣˣѱõĽó
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ӼδӲģԿطҲǣƫƫһҹǶΡ
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ʮ Ʈѿ

峿ʱֱĽŲѣոͤǱߣ뼽һЦǿɬͳͳȫ֪Ǻá
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ʯϣ̫ӡȴ֪ҵĹ£䲻뼽ЦúܴҲ޷һΡ

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㡭Կط˲ҹ¥飬ն£ԼԼһǵķ顣Щ֪˵ЩʲôҲ˽õͼʱﲻ֪μǰ˿ûккβͬһĨЦ⣬ֱֱɫͫﲨ
ҵĸ׼ҽȥôӼΰЦվűߣ֪ǲ·;ϻһϸСķɫ꣬մȾ˴ɫ档
һôԿط΢΢ۣǣӼΡֻĵʶ崺硣ȥֻӼ嵭ʫ黭⡣
ˣԶǵԶɽƺʲôʧɫ쳾ʮҲ¥ǧīһʣ˼ɣ˱ҪǣҶٲĹơ

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ӼԺһڲ裬Ȼݺϱ꣬ؼʶ㣬һһ䡣
ΪϻʲôðִšԿطʼȤҲҪĶ
ûмһʧף衷Щڴ
Կط¶Ц⣬ȴֻǼʲôЦ飬ԭǸʲôףˣ¡֮ǰвδиۣȻֻΪӡ
кβɣӼξŲ豭΢΢üӷֲɫ˼ɡ
οǶһֱӡ

裬ʢʱ¼ݻ컵ķ⣬Ԫʮ꣬ڻسνʱࡶԵӼλʫ䣬ڳҹδ룬ѣһվɽ©ǵԿطЦ
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ǶʲţܸеĹΪĶöãӷϣҲҪΪѰʣôԷأһֱԼΣʶӦһǷǷ粨Ҳɴ
ҪԼһѰ

ҹͨЪϢһƣһƫԷԿطѯʣлԵ֪Ҳһ

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ӼüЩõɫŵ̾Ҳ㻽õģޡĵϰȻķΣȢŮӶһĸ
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֣üԱµ˵ӼΣһһ⻰ȫԼĿǣ˵ö࣬ظˮ̵ѣݼͷĲ໨꣬һΣ¾˳е
ӼƮ䣬һ룬Կطҹͨɢķ˿ӹǰ
ϸϸĺ

ӣԿط̴ƴݵ˲䡣Բ׼Կطظ׼Ϊĵʢġ
ݺݵҧѪǲǶ̴Կط˲ĳ嶯Լһ
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һι̵ˮ齦ԿطϣȻɿ֣
žһһҡ

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ԿطŵƬðŷӦˮӼϣʶļǰһ֡
ӼλǲԣһԿطͬգͳη
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֮һקб磬ӰӰ´µӳһĨɫԿطӼβ˵κλֻǵͳؽڽһƻԻ粻ˡ
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ڻˣոշǰӰһԿطȻһԹֱһֽסһֽסĿڡ
һĿͫӣ֮࣬һΣɫҪˡ
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续ɽˮɫһͻȻ΢Ц
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ǲһľɡ
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ˣÿ˶ԼĴ档

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ǵ֮аѾٷҡ

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תᲦδ顣

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һΣǵ˻жķ޵˼±һֻݼӺݴ˿ܻ䣬ڣҲԸʵһȡ
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ʾʧ̧׿Ϯӣһüԣ˿ûκα飬ضĿ־ľͺǼЦЦ
سǰȥҪʣȴֻҲԾˮС

ˮֻ޶˵Ӱ١
ʵǰŨأĵ̴Ҫ˶ס
ڱؼгͽ͵ػȥҲɢ
ҪȾ̵ģ˵ΪȾһѡ

ôһжˡ

ĻԶҲıɫûиܹľʧȥľһп
ֻڡ





ʮ 

Ρ

۵ӡŷԼΡ
ŽֻʷΣδعȥŷԵտҲһ͵شӴ
ˡæȡһɴҵؽ˦ڵϣץסļʣӼأ
ղųȥ˵Ҫѯʣû˱𼱡
ȥˣ
ƫԷȥˣҼƮźأ˷ġֻǱסˣסذ౳˳
ȥʲôʷӦԼʧָ̬һЩֻǾһ亹Щ˴ߡ
鲻ʣֻ£ÿŷ˺ЪϢȥߵһȲ裬ȥ
˫һ裬ůů¶Ȱ񡣡û£˸جΡ
Ȼȥа
Ҫ״Ӧ뵽ⲻԼ磬Ҫô˵ΪһĵΣΪҪ£ѵɡ
οҲס

ʽɴϣǱ裬ްȥɣŵЦȥ˵ָֻյĿǡ
£ҲЦ£úã˺ЪϢ鲻˵

ҲֻʲôʱˣһŵöЩͷʹԼĶͷڴ߷㶡
һʵʵ¶԰ʵĳʵԼ͡ͻȻ룬㲻ʵأ

Ŵߵĵľ۾ֹסʶ֮һС

һܸĻ԰ʶŲһµã
Խ룬ԽǲԸȥ
ʱ׳ȥһҲǵ˴޵ͣ׵˼βáƫƫŲȥֻһ˹ڷ
ǵʱ鶼Щ֣С㱻ǻ԰ͻ˰ɡ

뿴᲻Ѱ᲻һֱͬԼš
Ȼû̫á

һ棬ү˵˰εŰݷöδüС㣬һдµĴС
ϲ˵ֻϲģϴõŵ壬һóȥ
Ӽξ裬߽ſڣչͶһĨݵӰӣɸɾȴ

춯ӼתҰͻȻֵŮӵɫȹĵޣ˵һĨϼ
΢ЦǸöʱɶݣµĻ棬ִһֻɱӼΣ΢Цɫȴޱ峺ġ
ܹ˫еԼõһ޼ĵһΪԼò۾
һ˿һǲֲۣΪλͼģֻ˶ѡϲվﵫЦķˣֵҪˡ

һգã´ʣ˵ͨüת䶼Ƿ顣һõĸҾ쾲Ĭ
Ժ̨Ůƹ⣬㡣

ǱΡЦӯӯ࿴

࿴顣
۵׵ϲŻڵŮһֱڲͬмۡ
Ҳֻаˡ

ܾ֮ٺһգǸ̾Ůˣһĳܶ˶ţӼˣ䡣
ֻжԼжĸκŮӣӼΣҲۡ
ٯмˡ
֮ޣдµôһ仹ǸпӼδ軪Ҳܹ˫
Ҹֻ
ֻԼܹõ

䵽ʱǴЦ滺˲٣ĵӣƹ⣬㡣

ǳӼȴδġ㹻ȴңԶȥַܹܵѾҲӵĸоʵͻȻֱ
ǽϵ£ôʪ
һϮɴ˲֪Ǻáָɹĵطʱ䳤ˣû¶ȣˮ޺ۣɫɢȥֱҲ
ǾеĻԼ棬ֻĵ޷šͻȻڲһᣬտյ¡
ǽǵ¯ȼ̴
ȥҪ㣬ֲȣ̴һأʱٽµվֻǸβô
һԵܻȥʰ˭ϷŵòȣᣬЩɻ󣬶Щˣû˶ôͻȻˣҪȥ鿴ֹµµ¸С
Ǹƿ
ŹϸϸؿûʲôȴֻñƿӾȻǻԼð
ʲôѹŵòȣ汻˷ȥ
˭ŽȥģӵĳҲˡôضѵǡӼΣ
˼תǧÿۣͻȻǲµӡһüʾԿط
ǡڴʱľ죬ҵؽƿӷŻȥְ鶼ԭںá

˽һϮˮɫĳ̬͵̧ȥֻӼλˣ԰
ȴֻһ񿴼ϡô





ʮ 

¯ߣɴббɢȥһ׹ڵϣ˿ΪովѶδ԰׵һиոĺۼӼתĶʱˣ㲶֪Ǻõط
۾ﶼ

ϻŸղǺȶȣԼ.Կطոհеļ¶ʱȴͻȻ˰㡭.˺ܴľţƽ޼ŮӴ˿ȴֻۣȫհĵʢŵϡ
?ôˣǰ§ԵظоɴѾ亹ʪ
ǱĻѣ͵˳Լķ˿ҡ..۾ȻƳܣ˻ȥû¡.һجζѡͷȥ
جΣӼοԻɢ̴㣬ôһȥɺã
˳Ŀ⿴ԼűߣżҪŶԣµĳɴǿѹסòŵǺ;ţɵض˵ҸЩͷΣһȱˣ鱾ǹˣСֵøֲðȥˣûʲô󰭡ָɱֹסЩ԰׵踲İϣǡһͷ˳к£һ˵
Ӽ̫ۣ˯òجΡһ˫ͫת۵ӣȥ˯һָָ⣬ԭֻӹЩľȴȻͣɫ˲ī
§ļ磬ܵͳȴɲô䣿ղЩʲôôһеؽ˫Լڡ

յ䣬ȴǲĺ䣬Ǹոù˱һ㡣
ӼεɫͻȻһ䣬Ǻָܿ糣۾Ƴһܡ
ͻȻʲô͵سԼ˫֣ѸٵǱʲôݺݵ㣬ǵӼιеؿʣôˣŷԼʧ̬һ˫ֽﲻ֪Ǻá
ҡ.û£ǴҿͷȥȴּӼһԵĺӡ㡭..תƵϡ
ղŲСģԹӳ̸˲衣ӼζţֲٿһֻطʲôΣŵ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ƽ
μˮвˡЩίֻ׷ԼҲ뽫ԼֱֹԭڹȥһֱߣҲԸعͷ
ӼЦüÿڴߣһ̧ǰĺɴһԵĽ𹳹סһ̧ķ绪ϡƽĶŵóĪ
Īظе̤ʵվǰΪɴ̸Цǰǰ˰ɣҹϻ̳Ͽ֡ȥ§סڴ߽ԼӼεĻӼΡЦᣬ֪£һ˫ַԼϵĸо쳣
֪ʲôֿЩʲôӼڸӲȴƵᣬ˳˵ͷ£ÿ֮İ
̰ĵ̴ζЧӡĻ꣬粻ʲôرϡѬ㣬ȴֻӲϵԼأ૵ֻӼΡ
ӼαĶôˣøθŻ˲ɣḧϡ䱦㣬ڡʡ
ǵģڡ
ʵʵվǰʵ¶ȡ
ĿͣһĨ˵ĺۼϣҲ֪۲ۣʲô̧ĿЩˣǽĵȴֳЦң㲻ҲǺ˼Һȸ֣ô㲻ģ̸˺ôֻһЦƽ˽˴ȤҲϰߣû뵽ôһ䷴ЦȻǵӼһ̬
ɫάϵסǱ˽Ҵʲôأſȥһ˫ֳϲ˵ͫӳϵһĨ켣

һҹ
˸¥ϵĸһǣԾ˵ĻƫԷ˵һ..ԿطһϮڶߡ
ֻǶȤ

÷ŭ𾪸ýɱ
Ϊʲô롣һ·˼⾿Ϊʲô˵һֱν̬ԼġֱԼһЦͻȻһЩЩƽĴޱֻҪһ꣬ء
Ҳ޷αװƭԼƭԼޡ

˫ĿһŬԼ̫Ӹ磬λ¡̫飬ΪԼѧ֮
ӼԼҲǸˡ
νͻȻԿط߽˿ʣ

˵öԣԼǸӡǸ¥֮ϵһУֻΣֵطֻ黹صޣ֪ԼûѧڣҲػһģǲı˹ơ
ˡΪ˱˴˵Ĺƶɲ
˲ĴʹӼ޷Զʡ

ӼΣʺ¼ıӰǳ쳣Ρ
ȥϢһɣҡ..һӼβһ۾վعƽ͡
Ҳ޷˵κΣһŵǵȫסֻ¡ɫ˹ϵɴһԵļϣ֪ǲ˵ıȫɫԽأҲֻװ˫Ŀ±ȥɣ˯һ
ȵ£ԡվǸŮӣجλ£Ҫ
ӼŬȥнùӰú˯һû£һšϢϣǧٴһһˡ
ƽĺﶼϵ̴ֻߴԼ˯ȥȴԽ˯Խðȡֻܾزֶߣװߡ

һע޷޷¡Ϊ֤ɾ£һϵȵˮɴһҹ֮ȴͻȻǱ˺һѿڣǵüǡ֣ùֵ̫ƽ
ǲǴһӼξͲǸٵıأ

Ǻ޹ǵ϶ĴӼΡһʼˣǶһ˻
ǻϵӣ뼽ܣ˿İеľžޡ
Ķѡ
Ƿ񻹻֪ܣǺĹŹֵƿӣڵˡ

˭˭

ССһң˵ѻȴ͸һ˿ߡվһŬҪһЩοǽʱԼƲסԼģܹʲôأ
ǣģһе׼Ȼ̫ӲƣҪи˽ᡣ
ء






ʮ 

ϵŮӺ˯ˡӼȥϵķ˿һ࣬̾һͣףһ취ΪѰֻǡ..Ļ˵ڣȴֶĵ׳ص˿ɽ⡣
̫ҪճǶ֪Ұõ뼽ΣȻֻԡ
ʵѣÿһЩڰе۾ЩȴһϷʱÿЦ޷Ǿǽˣȡᡣ
벻á
˱ܵɽ֮ҵǸˡȥġˣǱӼ򵥣ȥ
ûʲôǣģöˣᷳˣǲףǹס

Ŷûж˯ðȣʳԵû˯ȥӼųȥһȥ鷿
Ҫһ˴һᡣ

ƮΪ̺һֽϻ˺ܶӻεĹƷֽţֽպֽɻֽβֽƤֽмֽƮ㣬ϵȵģൽǲסƫƫֻǵؿһлʶȫΨֻ⣬ʵ޻ȴϲõֽš˶Ӽʫľȴдһֺ֡
ֻƽպд£ϲ򱯡СͯƮͷվڰǰҶԣأΪĥ۾ȴסƳվڴڵİ
Դ˽˸֮󣬰ʱһ̾Ϣ֪ӼԼҲ벻⾿Ϊʲô
Ʈֻ֪˼˲µ˵ģĿ£ƮҲ˵ܽ˵ǽøϰԣﶮóֻ࣬һ쵽ͷʫ¼ѲѲȻķϣ˼ұƵͷϣҲЩʲôһ˶㵽ɽȥ
Ʈֻ֪ѡ
ӼεԶͨͬһˮɫһ㣬͸˼£˿塣
ﶮأǼӵ֡

ȻͻСƮȴףдó˾Ϊų֮ˡʼѧȨ,Ħ,ŷѯ,,֮,˵鷨壬ȴԳɷ
ľ,С붤ƮÿÿԶԶƷǱΪȴֲʧţ֮ɷɽʯ
ǽֻ֪ƽյΪˣݵӾȻܹ,پ纮˪
һ˫ӣôܹ㼫żͼ֮ࣿ
ֻ̧̫֪ķ绪ȴһ֮ǧ

յİΪʲôӺ

Ʈ񲻽⣬ֻð̾ϢӴӲ˵ЩʲôԶôһĨЦƽĸ˴Ҳֻǻһա˵Ƕðߵû˹أñ˼˶ҪЦҲա
ЩĴϲȢ˷ˡյİЩ̻Ϣܹóϲá
һĿͫӵĿ֣ѵһ

飬ǵԶɽӡ飬ֻƵᡣӲ˵ЩʲôҲԳʲôɫһ갲Ը˼飬ñīƮΪҪݷ˭ĸϣǾȻᳵþֱӹɽ֣֮ǰ糣
ǰȥһ̫ӸҲûΨ˷ǼȪٶѣ֮⣬ʲô˵Ҳ˼ɣôһȥ£û϶硣Լʲô˳º⣬ϲҲֻǸ֮黭
˭ܹأ

ƮĵؾŪʲô죬Ըһ˰д֣ųȥ¡
ڵӼζһֽܾò֪κ±ʡ

Ĳʶ²ȡ
һ䦿īմĿӳֽϡͻȻúЦİԼ
Ӽѵõط겻͵̨ݺݿֽϣī֭磬ԼĿһ

ʱѻ˯Ķ˫ۡ





ڶʮ ³

һֱδ˯Ӽ߳ȥһҲŵȺߵǷļǰ档
ؿ̧ᣬδľɼټڲѾЩҳɢչ¡Ǳƿӣٴó˴ϸϸꡣһʵأȴֹɢ˵ĺ䡣չֵܹĵɫֻһĹ˫ֱñֺǻһ㡣ʷоƿӵڲͬ˳ɢȥҪȥóһԵһذż˿־塣
̧ҡƿܹоҺ塣֪첢ؿƿڣվƿĶ̫ɻ棬ͺһֲ޷ֹͣʲǳجε롣
ԴǸĪؽ˸ܶͱòһˡʲȷظоʲôֱŮǶһЩ˵ĸоִţŹֵĶһԿطйء
ӰסƿӷУ漴ž˳㷢ճܹ嵭ױݺƿţˣ¾ԼޣǶˡ
ٺòֻ뾡Ū飬ӼηʲôҪȥء
ɫɴȹӹȣƫԷȥ

ʱԿطڴϿһֻ̳ɵľԼЯ
ڵȣ뼽ӼεһϯܹջسҲϢˡʲôûС
±ƻԼķթԿطθɣԼֵܵİȺ̫ٻȻֻôһƬխգϷĿǰպÿΪһ壬ʱ̫Ӷպ´Ǹܺõӡһеһж˳£Ҫ̫ӵѣӼεֻ̫ӿеһ仰öԼκεӰ죬һΣԿطеظܵԼԥ
뿴Ӽ

ԿطصҲɣһҹƫƫҪЩˡһȻʧԼЯ߹ǣֻõȵ̫ǲͶơ
˵ӼѾϢļ֢״ԵˣʱӦĴӢ˰ɡ
ǡοЦҡͷ֮ʣߵ

ſڻЩɵ춯һλ˭Կط͵شӴһͷֳľȻһĨǳֱ̣ܿ񶨣Ӽʧ˷ˣŸոձԼԴˣܻǵǡǡ̶̵˲ǧͷʵʡ
˭̶̵һ

ԹӡˡŮ
ԽȤˡԿط΢΢۾խխľмһϸ죬ɫĹӰζȻ
ĳӭˡ˵ǫȴδӭδǰȥš̬ȷˣ֪ݣϣǱܹ
һԼȥ㲻˼ƽϣиҪҪŽȥ̧Կط̽Ŀ⣬ԲɫüӢͦȫȻǵȱϥĵ͵Сˡ
Σա

ʸƽϵ壬΢΢һЦ󷽣ǴҹɵýʹȻǰҲҪȡ

Կطܹʱ˿̿ڻдʲôֻ֪ЩʲôԶһ峿¶԰Ƴǰǽޣǲ¶ŮӴ˿̹򶨿ɻӲϬĿ⣬ϾҲϴƴˣʲôû˽ÿ˵񲻺ͣǲΪ֮

Ϊ£ڱʰúܺãһصؾһҲѾɨȻ糣ԿطҪлһǽ壬ԼĲ֪ķ˽͡ɲ뿴ʧɫˣȻʸĸоܲЩ黹ǲ˵Ϊ

ʼ˼ҲաԼס֮֮һľҪڣȴе˿дԿطɢĵǰ˵佫ԲỹÿѬ㣬οԼϤˡ
̴㡣

üĵ׷һ޺ۣǵĵȷȷԿطմȾд̴ζסԼ
˵˵޷ԿطһֱڷУδʲôζһֱû⡣
֪ŴӼΡԹӳ̸ν£

ԿطЦ»Ĳһ裬Ҳ⣬ͷһȫȻʲôµƷ裬Ǻ

öŮŵüǲģʵȷǺˡȻǵµĹ⾰Ȼźܺõ̬бҪô
ᣬȴǲ͸¶ʲô





ڶʮһ ԺСͥ

ַУóһµСƿԿطǰ
ǣһʱδӦֱöָһ򿪣ΪʲôŲòǰ

ʧһСƿ߹ǣ˶Я㣬֮ؼԺƳɵСƿſɱ䶾ԲʧǼĶټǺƿѹԼԴԴ
ǷԹйأȷһ
ҵĶԿط˿ȴҲԡ
ԹӾǺˣ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬Ź쳣ƿӵȷԿطģôƿҺҲʲôöˡţǺ˽˳飬ֻļУﻹ֪øࡣʾþӸҲ¾ȻӲִ֪ССһƿҺû׹Ϣ
Կطۼˣȫֻǲ֪ôõƿӡεõأѵ˷˰˽ﲻɣ⻰˵⡣

һ仰ӳȥȿ϶ˣǰġ
ʵȻ֪˼ǵߣҹǰ̬վǰŮ˻
ǳϯѾԿطľ棬ջˡ

֪ǴӼθҵģҲͲٿ˵øֱףľ˱˴ӶԷΪĵ׵ܲϢġ
ӼΣԿط϶ضԥᡣ
ʲ

ԿطźؿˣˣǽΪϧˡ
ϧʲôѾڲסŭ⡣
ǲǷ˶ģֻԼеӼأ

仰һʵһ
ǵȴȵ˵ƽԿطȷֻÿЦǰŮӼƽʲôֻƺԶԼΪҪΪǡ
еӼʲôӣ
İǸ΢ĺɷûܣû˽£Ƿ
ԿطӼζģӼζĶڲͬϲܹǣסɡܾκ£뼽֣Կطҿ϶ԹԾͷ

Կطٷܹ֮ȷǱɫ˾Ὣƿӵ˵ȥӼη֪ƿҺʲôɲɱԼ븮ӳǿ·һԿط֪Ӽ顣
̫ģϷ뼽ڵһô߶ʡ
Ǻ
һẦ˵ˡֳͬʱҲһ̫ˡ
Ӳųֻ׵̫෢Ȥζ벻ͬʫһ򵥡
ò̫ͬҪӼθں׸ǷĲգ뼽᲻Ϊ˻Ȩ֣ɱ
ǡǡԿطҲʼҪ֪뼽᲻ɱ׵ܵܣ






ڶʮ СԺͥ

վö֣ԶƸղŵĿԿطվǰֱӱȥ
˿֪ƿʲôΪôԿطֱ˵£ĲܣָоԼԶûеҸ
Ҫľ治벻ҪķΪΪͣפҪӼԶһƵꡣ
Զɴʱеڴǰ嵭ҲǻЩġöʾðģȫ޼ʢĵĽ
ǸΡעǲɻر֪ܵˣӼǷԶܱͷʵһֱڣֻ롣

һֱల£ȥ˿ԼͻֱԿطִĵƽ⡣ӼξȻǰһϮɽӽ
ѾܾãûмһǵӼΣǾž޵µˡ
ʱɽӽԿطݣȴû뵽ӼĿϻϣһǣ¡
ԿطɽӽĿ
˻ص֣ϢβղȥͻȻһգݺݵסĲϢٲܻóӼ֡

о׷

ۼԿطȻԵãʸӰѳֲסԼԹӣ˵븮﾿Ҫʲô򡭡
ΣԿطü˿ϡ߹ȥʣµŮ֪Ҫʲô
ĳôأԿطЦûһݶӣɷ㻹֪ҪʲôɣҲ޷ҾҪһһ䣬òУ־䶼ϡ
ʻһ˫ĿԿط㲻Ҫ̫֪֪˵ʲô
ǰ˿кβɣԽԽҪ˵ˣûﱾҪ֮ǰҶǴ˰ģһжܺãϧҪʦֻøˡһֻסĳĲݺݵԼֱֱشҪ
ʱȫ̬Ҳάֲסʲô򶨣гػ˫Ҫ֣ĵķӣΪʲôˣ

һߵƵȹ뿴ûУһţڿտҲȥѰƮ˵鷿д֣÷˺úϢģû˷ԸҪȥһ˼žͱסˣ֪ȥɱ˷硣Ʈ˳Żȵ¶԰ȥĵطһ飬ˡ
ֻȥ鷿ӼΡ

ӼԱĿŻŵҲͻȻղŵ쳣飬Ҳס͵صѻڡ
ʹȻˡ

šӼηԸƮˡԼ˷ܵȷб˶ĺۼһֽ̧е鼮ȫӵϣټʲôûС
߹Ǳˡ

һ˲Ĳ²ȫӿͷ֪ӣһģ϶ǻȥҳҪŪƿģο˵Ҳ֪ʴӲԿطʲôνĹѡ
ǲѾƿӣ᲻߹ǣȥʲôط
뵽Ц˲ڣһȥƫԷʦˡӦĿǰû߹ˡͻȻԿطӡ
ζ

ԿطƢǺ޹˼ɣƺҲʲôǰſֱӶԼʴʣβҺͶ˵ء
ϵ˺ۼڣ˻ӽ磬ֻȤ

⻰ԶǱвҪöࡣ

ӼδʱһصоǰδеĲ
ϣԿطֻ˵ĿģǶҪȡڵ˵ǡӼٴҹظǰ϶¥һС

ֽټƵ

Ʈ潹صţȴһ졣
ӼһַڷҪȥȴζá
ӣôˣ

ԿطҺ˵óǣôҲƲסһ˫ͫ﷭ӿ
ű˴򿪣Ӽվſڱ˫ĿһڱؿڵĻҡ

ǰķҪȥѰ

Ӽ˫ۣɫ屯ϲ߱߻عŵ˵ȫţһȥƫԷһ˻ˣǾȥЩҩһҪȰºú˯һ˵ʲôҪҵķԸûУһͳǼ
ټİƮ񶼵ͷӦţ֪ǳʲô顣

ȷƫԷᷢЩʲô֪Կط˵ЩʲôӼ򲻿ñ˷ֳʲôߡ

ֻȥƫԷ






ڶʮ Լס

ƫԷʵĲԿطݺݵסֻܴﱾ˾סΪļԴԿطסȥֲ֮ԸӴηЯڰξȻû˹鿴
ʱԿطһĻȫʧ˷ִ磬ԭı׼ȴ˵ƴҪƿס󾱵֣ԿطȫԿΪְ㲻ΪĿ͸žĺҲϣˣŻˣѰҪ֪ô㣬ȴֽܲˡζĿǡ

㾿ѴӼӣΪʲô˵ԼҲס
ʵúãץסĹؼˣǿдǡǡĴӼһˡԿطԽ˵Խ˷ܣһȫ޷ĸо䲻ֻΪ˴̼˵ԼܹԴԼǣŲϣĪһڵüչ⣬Կطһ
һĽѹֵƽһηŲֽȥΪٴķɳҲֻ¥֮ϵɣ֮УԿطϵӼһ̧Ƶķ飬ֱֱĻꡣ
ҲգԿطԭӼҪֱ׵ö࣬һԥʵоˣնûǰͱһ㴰ֽһлܹάסòǿΪ˴ƶʱѹסЩͷԿطѾҪ̬ԤⷢչȥǴʱ˿̵죬ԿطۼǵĵʧǵǱ˪ѩ¶סȫǷŮӣȴԼһסҪ첻á
ôǿҵĳɾ͸С

ˣ˵˿ݷҲΣһ㿴ɷһƿҺ߹ǣţ
ҡͷõһϮȫɢ԰׵һֱԿطǼ˶һ㣬ķˡµûͱһجξûʱ˺ݺݵסӣοͻȻʵ˲һ

һɽӽӼΣԴ֮󣬶ʶδκγϿϴżȻӱƵط棬ȴɲ׿幦֯Ⱦա
һɣӺܾ֮ǰͲ˶
ԭ˵ҲͲȥ׷ʡ

һεΨһһεĿϽ绪ȫչֳĻᣬȴֻΪ

ԿطùСƿý˿ظоĺǰĦƿ䣿ǲ?
ҧ´˵Ӽȴ㣬ʲôأ˵ɱ㣬ҾͿԷŹ᲻֣
ʻֹ˫һˮҡͷȴѾ޷Լ
¡ԿطԽѹԽͣһְֻοƿǣɫ˲ӿ

۾һС
漴ľűײ

ԿطضſһϮˮɫıԤϵҪ
ӼγȥӶƿӣ
ӼΡ.
ŬҪתͷȥԿطһľصȥӼθæֽס





ڶʮ ϸ

ʲôϲӣʱܹ˸оңԶԿط۾ʱ˿̵Ӽţ϶ǿ̬
Ӧ֪뺦ھֻȥɥˡ
죡

û£Ѿιȥˣȥ˰ͻȥú˯һڡԿطӼ֣֪ʲô֪ʲôˡΪ
ӼԵ˺
·ˡԿطǰָļͷɴϳǳı̡ɫ
ӼλŶʲ㣬֡
Կط㵽׺˵ʲôüĿÿǵԿطһ̾Ϣ
û˵ʲôֻѡ

Ӽ˫Ŀӣһʱû˵˺ܾҪЩʲôŨصӳԿطӵ񣬱ɫתͷȥɱ
һ仰ö΢Ц
㲻֡Կط˵ÿ϶㿴̫
Сһһ١

Ӽεķ˺ܶشĸݣΪԿطһЦԼһ᲻ΪʴԼ
ҲǣһԿطĲƣҲûʲôʸָֻơ
ֻҪһΡȻ˵⻰˲ϸԼ˵顣

־ǴӴ˶ҪӲǽüϬһ˫Ŀ
ӼִֵתͷϿأԵȴĻش
ֻ̾Ϣ

Կطٴ̧Ӽתͷȴִزϣȥ
޷Կطȵָ棬ͣü䡣
ӼҪ㣬Կطȴ֪𶯡˵þȻΣҲôֻǡ.
˺ܾãԿطһ̾ˣǾԵȨֶΡǽ죬֪βǰܹһЩ
ҪüˡԿطǰδеȫȻЦĺˬӸе̬ȡ
Ӽα˵ŪֲѣתͷҪı飬ȴһα˵ָס۾

Ҹô졭ԿطĻĶԥ͵͵˵һĶƮڿͬ紩ȴЩηȴҪٵõ࣬۾ܣı飬ֱԼҲץס

ԿطֻԼӼο˰һ̬ԼǲϷ佾׵ӡ
ϧȻһԭʯվҲвһ̴΢΢üǡʱӼΣһץסԼǹĺͯ㣬ִֵĶ
ǳͨ͸ˮһ㿴壬ȴʼմڣȵΪǣŷһж
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Ӽ˫ֻ˵ıӰµȻȻ˵뼽Կطס
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һ仰ӼΣ§סŮӣȥѻǰΧ˺ܶˣŷ˻Ͻǰæ
ӣǣ
ͣ˯òǱߵĻˡ
˵Ȼǲ壬ֻԼŷѾȥĵطôδ֣
Ʈһ
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ڶʮ ʾм

ҩú˯һҲáӼڴ˶£ؿ˯ա

ﻹһƿ߹ǵĺɭȻӼóЦúΣôһСȻܷ츲ء

ʡִϣ´ԲĶԲ𡣡⻰˵Լѹôܵ˵ľš
ԼãֻŬȥҪһЩʲôʣ㲻֪Һ̫Ӹһɳ˵Ҳұܹҡͬҵļһ㣬ǡĲֶˡ

Ҫðգôʡ
óףҪҡ

ʲô⣬̫Ҳ˺㡣ʡһҪǵ裬һѰ˵֮ӼԹԵض૵˵֪ʲȴҪ˵ǵ棬˵ڡ
һİȴҪһעĽ֡˭һʼӼξˡ
峺г֮ģԼܰѳסһС
ʣһõӣȴߣǧҪǵýҪ˼֤
ҲǼ֤Լ˭һʢΣֻ
һۿʼһֱȼյһĿͫӡ
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һ䱾Ӧ޹ȺĵƫҪĵ̴Я֡ɢڸסѬȾԼĽ
Ϊüǵһ𣬾ͰιԼķ

ӼƿϷųһ·ߵ¶԰ȥѾ˲¶ʱû
ɽʯ֮һЩܽء
ƿӽȥͨһ
գһж䶨

ȻǼȪԼ϶¥ôܰأ
ǱԿطġ

Ӽ߳ȥƮ񼱼ظϣɲض˰һһҹﲽлظʹ˸Թӻٳʲô˻Ҫ
ӰԶ͸

عƮҲգȥ϶¥ҽȪˡԿط˷ﻹǼ١
Ǽ֮Ȫ˫١

Щٵ˼̫ӸǡҪ԰ӣˮͤӵͼ׳ٳٲ⡣ʮӼһӶ͡
磬Ȫ
ǵһԼ顣
ЩڴͲڴ̫Ӹ۵׵ͣϲ
زҪǲĶԼ

뼽ûʧǻ֮ϴĿķ׿£޵ڶ˿ɼôܿ˭ķǡ

ӼλڽĽֵϣ֪粻٣һغˮԾˮҲġ
ӼλڵҪѰȪһ죬ɣѸ
ǾͲֻǻںܹƽϢˡ

ĽУӼεȻУεŮƵƵͷ
һϮɫѣϵȵ֯Ⱦ֤ݲѹ·˷׷ײĿһһĻͫȫջĿ⡣
ȥ߹ĵطаҡҷ̴·ܹɢγɴõеķնֻԶԶأԷɡ
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µŮӲ̧ףסңңӼһϮУһȣǧ°ھôطԿɫܹ׵ǰճ
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Ӧ֪Լ˼кáչȥڣǡǰƵպͰˮ˵ĵط
ϣһƳ漴Ҵȥ

һСƹűһӣѾȵɫͨﻹŸʲô׷ҲϷ֡һ·

Ƿ˾Ǯĳ洦ɼֻ죬˱׷򲻿֮пǰ·ֻ򱱱ߡ

׷֪ܲײ˭ϣ̴ζ






ڶʮ ȥ껨

һĨ̴Ʋȥ
ඥͻȻЩˮ̧׿ԼײˣϵȵɴݲһԻһʮ߰ͯģˣһԼӱײŻŵعƿ
Ҫ˵ǸȴθһӿվƵȷǺȵöˡʱȫڸǻ

Ʈֻ˷񲻹֪ǽͷβľƹץסǷծӼǰӿ߰ɣۻѡ
Ӽβ˿ãƮŹҲգ߰ɣ޷
һȺﲻɲľƹݴһ·׷˰ˮ뵹ڵϣǰҪߣ㻹ҲǮȾƣǰյľǮʲôʱ򻹣һʱûꡣȻͽǺǮ

ʱӼȪҪתȥ϶¥ȴȻڵﻹŸ
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ӼҪ˵ϸϸؿﱧŵĺӡ
һ׷ծֻǰŲһʱס֪ʲôҵĿȫͣڰˮľϡ

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ˮѿһƺǷģǰͯģָԼ̴ľŴ˵ʹر
Ʈ˵©죬ӣǺǡһʱ֪ô˵ֲǰ̫ӵּ֣ҪǺӺҪ

ӼεɨƮһۣ漴ٴθŰˮ֣һһ˫ŵµڰУڴŰˮӸ
Ӽŵ̬ͰˮڵһۻԸ룬࿪ʼͶĿ⡣׷ծĴۼʳȴͷȴ̰ͼǮӼҲʼӵ⣬ȷüǮΪ׵һһץϵİˮӼһ׺ݵغιǷǵǮĶǵĶ뿴ӣծ
Ӽοп˿Ϊ⣬Цһ£Ǳʾͬ⣬һ˫ͫǡѲ⣬һƮ漴ǰһӹȥһӡ
ƹһȺһȿֺȥ׷ϹµµĽ˭Ҳ˲ʲôˮһŰߵһԡ

ˮͷһ¸ӻ粻һ˫ҲץסǺӣ̴ľֱӵϡ
Ʈ֪ǰȥӣӼȴȥˮִԼȥʰǺӡܳǱˮݹȻɫɿӼζ̴νƫִϲһ۱㿴ӽˮν̴ľǧ겻ܳɲģһ̴ĵĺӿ¼ֵԹƣȻûб˺úղأ·

ˮʱκرƮ񸧵ֽǵǽţģһĨǳɫӰӼγܺƵЦò

崺磬ˡˮ̴ܹζҲ֪ԼǺӻǰϻɢģѹһЩԼĺӣ˲÷
ңһŭ





ڶʮ żԵδ

ӼλüԶɽ㵭վ棬ꡣʾһЩҪ˲ĿҲҪֻܷңôõģ
ˮŬԼһЩճŵҷ¶һԭüĿһӼЩȣǡǸѲҹˣ˰ˮһҹԼ̤ȥȴȫȻûзˡ
ҪллءȻʱǱ˿һѪԿطض벻鷳

ӼϳЦøӺÿˮֻһ˫ħȰ۾볣˲ͬȴȡ˽µȻɵˮһʱ֮Ժﻹʲôֻ˵۾֣˵ͷŷܹĪԼܹúõشһ
ˮҲȥǺӣЩɣҡӡ
޷˵Ӽκڰοù˰ˮĺӣһӱòͬӼ׵ܹ۷ʹȻ嵭Щ塣
ˮǺĻƽִٵĺȻǺӣôһ䡣
Ҳ֪ϡǾƺȵöˣʱ˿ʲôʱ֪ˡˮԼһ̧شǰˣǺ²Ҫġ

Ӽ΢΢ü˭
Ǵĺˮ϶ֻǺȻԸҲĺ

ƮЩı飬ǳµƶһֵס޷Ƕ͵ȵˣǲҪĴ𰸡ǰʣʲô˿ôصĺôʵ˵˽뿪ûϽƾͲ±ײҷô
һ仰ðˮ֪ǺãݲǺǰ˲ԼҵģΪȾƶĸҪ¾͸ӲԸԼˡŵסӼεӣֱֱ˵ŲҪ߹ٲһ߿ǺﶼǾ

Բ˵ˣңӦҲǲˡӼ˿һľļģܷ˵ϸһЩεõģܿһʧҪƷ
ˮؿǽ˫ʧ񣬡Ǻ㲻Ҫȥ̫ӸϡǶֵá˵Ȼ߳ж⡣

ƮʵǿȥѹѯӼΣҿ־壬ǺȻԴǿЩߣӸǮͺˡ
ȵһԺţͬ˵
Ʈ޷ֻվһԶԶع

ʵһλʧľУżȻüɷңǮ㡣
ˮʹҡͷȻܰѺĶؾȥ
Ӽ֪ضԼִŵԵʣǿѱΪ̫ӵҪ͸ԼĶҲҪûءʲôԸҶɡ

˵ﰢˮϸؿ۾ԭֻڲͬǰ˾Ȼͫ
ų׵׵ðˮ𾪣ƶʱȫȻѹңǡǰع⣿
ˮҲǶˣȻȡǵòһҲЩ˲ͬʶ֮һ仰ûֱֻ˰֣Ƕ֮ˣҲӼЩȡ
ԭҲЩѲֵĲ£ǼΪƱǱ˴̹ҵȷǰкԸض߾ܣӦĴ㽫ңɺã

ĻᣬһõԣˮȻҲǴˣȻȾʱͿҲԼıԸһܹ֮󣬻²úЩȨ˵ô
ӼľУǵͷʾͬ⡣Ҫ
Ӧ֮ʱԵ
ˮ̾԰ˡ





ڶʮ ʱƽ

Ӽ΢ЦֻƮøһǮСͯݹȥʱǲмȴûϵˮһƿҲҪǮֻǰǵýյԼ
νĽ
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Ȼǲһˡȴܹʢ۵ˣԶȴеҪ۷ѹǵŮü䶼ع⡣

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תҪ֮ʣȴİˮһ仰֪˵֮˵ΪʧľУ

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ӼЦȴתˮǰȥ̴Ʈһ仰µһɵӣԼħġ

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뼽磬ãвˡ

ʮʱԼȪ֮󲻹ֻʣôһӣӼţԥҪҪ
ȻѾ֪ʲô漣ڴƿǺصĸӣտҲ

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Ӽܹ˰ȴûһܹ
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ӼκܻɣʱԼǲǻڴϡ
Σյͷĵҡҷˡ

˭ȶᣬҸô졭





ڶʮ »ʹ

ڻȪȥ
һ·Ϲ˲ӼĶǸֵԼĻ棬Ȼؼǵãʱһֵͬͬܡ
ڲʱϲץԼӿܰӼױ㲻ϲݡ
ŮңǻˣǱ
һֶοһò˴ĿͫӣͫǡǡӼһĻͫעڲͬ

һжܺã뼽ʱǧ谮֮ĩഫԻ졣ǡŷߣԻһڼݣŹߡʴʥϱ뼽
Ǹͯȴһ뼽Ӧģʵĳ谮СΪ̫ӣ˳ٺȴñϿ˿ڷâ֮ǰߣſ
Ӽλǵʱ򸸻ȴȻȥ֮̾¹ҲвһѪ飬˵ףΪķâ¶ҲգҲãþ־ѵķʽҪס뼽ʵ׻Ϊ˱ȫ̫ӵλá
ϧ뼽ҲףһгڱѶ֮ƫ븸ʵظ

ͻСӼαʱϥϡνʶǧаټңСС˶ѾֳԶ˵Ĵӱο౾עĿ˲֮עȫתƵϡ
е绹ôСͱյȴ۸Ҫͨøӡ

ֵģн֡
Ӽڻȥ·ͻȻ̫ʱЦЩӹµΪоС񡣺ܶǰĺ뼽粻ҲֻʮͷЩ˽ȥĹŮ¹ٴСǲм
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ժҲ󣬼СӻϲӸˣ͵͵ظĽж
ӼڻʹĻϣССͲڷţһ涼͸Ź㡣Ұܿġ

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Ļȥƫƫ뼽һڵϡ
ԼܾܵһߣǲϼӼȥЩĶῴԼͬ
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Ӽξ뼽ŬҪΪȴΪܿסԼԶҲɲ˵ˡ

İһܹٻظȥӰͶڵϲȾ˳ڻнβֻϣܹԶԶ͡
һԶҲĻ꣬
ۼӼνнԶˣԭϴչǵľʱڣȴͻȻúѹһҹ֮ԼĲ
Ƕڶߺ羫ҲڲԼһģӷ˵ļ컨ѻ࣬ȴմȾϵ̴һǻ纣
ɿ֦ϣҲҪԶ
ǲκ˵ӼΡ






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һ𣬺䲻תҲõ˭Լ
ˮ硣վȴȥ޷ԵֵǷǵû飬ƫƫʱˮ绹ҡ
ˮ˾ƻȥýྻ·ǡǮˮһû˹ǮȥƹȾƣŻнֶ¿˼ŮױۺƷС̣żܴӦԼĺϢˮԵ߾Ϊ׼ʱһҪóԸúҲܹຣ־֮㾡ΪһֻΡ
ʲôֵǮĺöȴһֱεô͵ϣ˭֪תﾹȻ˳ſµĺ䡣
ˮʱϲԽ
ǻĻϲļ˺ȴֿʼ֧֧ᣬ̫ںھ䶼ͲһٸСģֱȥһĵȴǡ
ôˣˮúѹ鼱֮ϰԵҪסͬСʱһ⶯ϤʱÿԼҵԺִ֪׼ǰĸΪΪܹάǹ¶ĸȥѾ۵ʵڳܲʱԴйߡÿһεİԵɶ֣Сʱĺ͸Լĸס
ǽʱǰˮסģҪ֦ͷôס
˦ֵˮءһ仰ƽסݵȰǽʵû˼ӵĳԹ޴ӿ⻹ҪӦˮʤ
ôҪظȥˡ˵⡣

..Եһ¡һżóЩεڵϣæãﰵҿǻ·ţȻҪԼˣԼӡ͸㡣
ƳһŵĶϸϸһֻӣЩЦ⣬ȴΣˮ磬֪ҽȱֶһ۱㿴ʲôɫ¾Ƕ߼ϿķΡ
ǵ㹤Ǯõʲô񡣻ȥѣ뵽һˮ磬㲻ҪٸʲôˣҴȱЩеһξֵѲĽ֣ʡЩǮȥТɣһ쵽Щʵʵˣ˵ĺ顣
ˮȴһڴȻȱʲôԼһССܡʵǴ㡭⵱Ƹ񡭡.ȻŵԼôĹֿɵãǸںͺ˵ЩЩΪá

š..ˮؾ׷źһҪۼûнֵĽϢֻ˺㣬ˮִֹسԼճһﻶϲŭ˺һֱһʹ

ˮͷһ˫֮ϱ²ļ˻һۣһʱ֮仹Ѫܹ΢΢ƤһĻҪȥ࣬û־ͱһƿ
һźûˮ磬αؿơʱյҶƾʱŮбͷҪĵطѿôʵû˰취ˮִţƢ֪ģһһһҲûб䡣СʱЦôҲ֪˭һһͿ

֪ˮֻΪΪԼܣһĸͲᱻ¥ѧա̻ط֮ԼܹȡͲʱڶȨǿջЦ
ܹһЩһ˫˿ǲһж᲻һ

ˮʹһֱִػһԺеֻꡣҲ
㲻Ҫ..ҡҡٲϺѴֲ࣬пٵתȥ˭֪һȥǵðˮٺһֱ
µһֵ˶ڿǡ





ʮһ ʧȴ̻

첽˳Ļнǰܣɴȹҷܿڽ²ǣƣۣ۵˼¡
ʵǿҪˡ
ƲסԼȥǸˡҹǰѲǱɫӰһ㣬ǲϲϵ̴㡣

ղŴӸ֮ǰӷһȡɫϣҪЩѵõģֻҪһЩζŨ˵ĲźãһԵصȼϸϸѬ
ΪԴһҹ֮Ҳϴ̴ζһ˫ֱ̬⽿βǵúصһۿСȴҲרģһ쿪ʼͿʼвϲϵֳһҹĻ˷ֻ嵭ʱܳ˷ȥ

ӼΡ

ֻ繵ػܹԼĵ׻֮⣬ΨһĽҪȥȡ

նĸѹȸбƵú鼫⡣˿ֱھˮ仮ֿ֣Ҫģ˼Ҫν͡
һеһжҪƷһ㡣ǵѹͷ˲ͣ¡


תس³һ仰һʱƽյĶˣѾˣ
ˮ￴˫ӿˮ
Լ١..ˡ..ţĽȴ硣
ôأ

ˮؿʧǵӷۣ֪һʲôõ顣
ڵ̲סˣܹúõͷųԼȫ
û£ļ硣ںȰŮӡսȻ۾
ԶԶ·˷׷Ц޷˭ҵС㷸Ƣ֮ȴعںá
ôÿοһ˲䡣

ȥһδ
ˮÿһ߹ˣҪˣǶǶǼ֤
н֣
Զܷ࣬ˮ̣ӣɪˣϷ糵ͯͣӼţﱼ
һ˼****ꡣ

ܰر۾ҵسֽڳܲסǱпһȱڣһܹúõط

ͻȻޡڱ̫ѹ֮󣬷ŹԼ׿޳
һĺ·ص⾰ķƽعʼһ˵ģ߿ȴʼսزסԼѲãá
˿˿ۣԶǱ˲ݵľż
ò԰ɫˮ޺ۣ
ǲħ
Ȼÿ˵а





ʮ ͬ

һֱΪ˻뼽Ȼһ֮֮ϣȻĶһһʱóĸŮʲô顣
Ҫ˵ԼȥǸ̫ӡ

ǽס
뼽㰵欵ƣǹâҪ˾ͳͳһ֮䡣
ֶΣΪҪȨȨԲٿˡ

Ӽβһƻģ֮̇䶼ĽӣӲȥ

˵úǰδеľһ̧ͷ뿪ˮˮ硣
ָ˳̬ĺ䡣һֻӡʱЦøοˮ磬Ұɡ
ӯӯȥϻһĳӡŮӴʱ˿̱ɣܰؽӹһڵķΡ

۵Щˮ硣ҡ겻ĵòЩΪǵȴֱĥ˱Ŀ˵Ļɻ˵ҪȡùȢҹš

ˮȫסôҲû뵽ͻȻת̬ȡϸֻʹصͷȷ˵ԣһ塣

ĵӿ𵭵ů⡣껹׵СŮһ㣬΢΢ͷԼһϮӵһԣȻ̧Ὣֻбޡ
ЦúܿģĴĵ׿֡ɺÿ?ðˮͷ絷㣬۵׶⡣
ߵһܸ˻ܹ˼ǵôĺģԸ̤һȴӡ
ˮ磬Сʱ߹ңж־ķҪһΪӦҵġһҪ˵ø
ˮ룬ֻǸˣӦʺ䡣

΢Ц֣ˮ磬ұҪȥˡҪǵõȵһ˹Ȣҡ
ˮͻĻղãȥҪϻŵһĨȥȴȻת
ָ˳߹ߵĳɫؽ

..Ծһλ
ѵõǺԥת΢Цôˣ
ûû..

Ůڵõһ죬Լܹ
׶ڰˮֻһϰȻĴڸСʼնǵҲϣܹúһЩȴʵذ
̫أһǲСӡˮĵر֤һܿһ״ԪȢ
ʹһЩʲôʱ̫ԶѼǲӰӰ´µضһưܵܡ
һʪવܵҶǳٺõҲãοֻм¡

СʱĽһСָصȥϵ᳾
һűߵ
ܶ󣬽ƣȣȴһ÷Ѫ

¶˾ġ






ʮ Ժֻ

ӼλصﲻѣѹһΣ˵˲һֱڴᡣ
ûа취˰ߵҩźȥúõ˯һ

˵ʲôˣӼηǳҪ֪Կط˵ʲôֻҡͷ˵һֱڻ˵ʲôܺ£һֱڿޡ
Կط˵ʲôŵöˣӼתٽƮ񣬷Żطĵطκٶ
һ߽ѻȥ

˵˾Щ㱣ҩҲú˯ѹһЩ飬֮ǰĿ־Ҳ͡
Ӽùɾϵۡ˯еĶʺýɫüԿط˵û˵ȥþˡ
˵ҲȷԴӼ֮ʱġĴӼԶǵЦŵˡ
һģһˡ

һ㣬հԼҪˡ
һֱҪѯʰ˻ҪҪ衣

ӼǡҲ뵽£˫һϣ۹һָսһ˫ԧ˲š
ٴδҲۣӼȥƽҲһģ˺ݺݵزĲ

Կط׾پȡ

Ӽƿţſ黹ŻšȻ
ӣպҪˣҪӣ

ʳ仰ͬʱ
ƫԷ˵ڴЦԤϡ

ӼҡҡͷԸ飬շ˲ͣҳȥã̫Ӹиοк˵档
鱾ǲԸ⣬˻֪ʲôȥ衣Ҳ֪ĺ̫ӵǰˣȻҲֻܴӦ¡

ԿطŽնȻɵ֣Ӽ˼ӻһʱ֮Ӽûȥ˰ˡ
Ϊʲô֪û֮ǣԼһʱ£ųȥúÿ

ո߳ƫԷͼǰſڴ˶Ժȫ˰ӣԺҲƫԷǡԿطӵԷԣôһЩ˺ĳרӵطƫԷ㵥ָԿط־ӵһˡ
ϸϸһһԸǽȲҪϰ˿ϲʸ˯¡տ档֮еĻҪȫ
ǡ.ԿطЩ⡣

ǺҪҪشţǿһ̫ӸˡѹЩȻЩɢ˵ŮǶ㣬˻ţ¿ɲȥ˵֪Ŷʼ޹ģһֱǽѾߣȻЩ˸輧ֵͬ
һȺ˷׷׵ͷӦ裬лȥˡ

ƮٻԷȥһȺԿطĿ졣
ǲǷˣԿطЩƲסԼһȭľϡ
첽ѻǱ߸ȥ

Ȼ˭ȥġԿطڶźúЩ˷ϻֱֱվֱӻӼμҵ֡
ŵŵ˻ֲ̿ѣ˵ֱ֡µݳֶЩ񣬺ο˴

Ȼһ仰ֱֱشѻ
ָͣڶϣϵıؽסתſڣƵῴЩʲôȴЩ
΢΢طóǿб˯Щǲġ
ôӼε۾طӿ
һľţȥ񣬶Լһ֮䡣
ЩѹӼͻȻһжܱûа취˭ԼһֱΪ档ܹһǸҡ
һûг嶯زһأԹɽ֣᲻ǶܺùһЩ𰸺ܿ챻񶨡
ӼԼͷɻصޡ

ᶮдڶ֡
ͬƿȥڻǾȥԿطһ





ʮ һ¥ĺ

Ʈ֪βܴԿطߣ֮ðȻˣæǰȰ裬ӻȥŷ˰ɣǷӴ󺰴ȥȰ߾ͺˡ
ӣӼüƮ񣬡˭۸ˣ˽¶ûأ
Ʈﲻ֪ôˣƽ˵ЩʲôҲδտ
ֻܸʹɫĬվһࡣʱɲ˭֪Щʲô£һֱ̫ƽ

ӼƳǲٶԣ䣬ҲʶԼ˿̵Щƽؿڵ˴˾һһеκһ۳¹ʡ
̫ӣԼԿط
Ҫҵһڡ

Ӽûж౯ˣֻǿףȻǶܹưոݵˣôԼڡ
ʩʩȻվԿطǰһ͵ı顣
Թ£

Կطﶼǲ⣬ݺݵضӼοĿҪһһ㡣Ҫץʣվǹ˼Իвٵ޹˵ȡ
ԿطѹԼǹ⸮Ŀпнһ˵
Ӽλعѻڵľš
ʻڳ˯

Կط־ץסӡһµĶ׾ӼΣһͷźŵǣȻ˭Ҷ࿴Щʲôһⶼں棬ӼֻЦΣ..޷롣˳ץסķȥ˭ʲôߡ

һ⡣
Կط¶͵ӼҾϲ
һΣֻϲ

һ·ӽŲɿ죬ӼŬҪջֻΪֻʹǰߣΪñɣװһϾıߣ˵һϮĲҶݡ
Կطһ·ߣƫƫĴæµӰûа취ǰϻƫԷ
ڿȫֻû˸ȥԿطžͲƵˣ˸ӣʲôСѾͷСԸȥ
ŵǽԿط˦ֽӵƵǰ棬Ӽɵװɵ
.ǳɫỽϺȻָӡԿطʹһʱûй˼ɷִ磬һ˦ָǣ
һʱ֮࣬Ҳ̶ȴ˲

Ӽ´ס֣Ҳ˵ʲôԿطϵĺۼЩΣǰ

ʲôʱԼȻȻؾ

Ӽˣȥû¡ܵĿǣκθ顣
ԿطͻȻν̬ȼŭˡǰץסļڶܡ
ΪʲôΪһжνֺۣ˵ۣ֪Ϊʲô㻹ҪװɵװѾƭԼʹҡļŬҡѡҸӼΣõƱ취Ҫ£ȻҾͳȫ㣡
Կطʹݵļ磬һ˫ҪһֱӼβò˺ÿüǣԿط֣
㲻ǲںôԼ





ʮ ɾ

Ӽײؿ˿ûκأգΪûͽ޹ķ
ͻȻͰҪѣǵԿط֣㡭
ӼεĲüԼһۿֻڶζ嵭˵ţǰ˵Ĳôν˵Ц
ԿطɫӼΰпļ૵ǲǾҷˡһֱΪǸӡ˫ֱԿطɿȻ¡ǵһ֮ȻĿӼε۾ƳĨӡǣһĿݺݵزԼʼղ롣
ؾԼ󣬺ŵӣ΢΢һЩǡͣԿطǰߴ֮
һֲɫȻ****ǣƻѡ෴ȴ˿ֻ֪úõؿԼӡ֪ôӼβȥԿط۾ֻԼ̧ϸϸؿ
ҡ.Բ𡭡.һü˵ֻǺܼˡԿط̾һסıһס̧ѹЩŵĵطôҲȥҩ

Ϊ֮ǰҪĴװȥôӦȫ궼֪̫Ӻ׵ܵأѾȴ۲ۣΪʲôҩԿطǾ˭ˣ
ƾʲô϶ĽᣡΪ˭ӼΣ㲻Ƿ棬ҲӲκˣԿطһӿƽ޼ҷƱӣжΪ˻Υĵ飬أԿطԽ˵ԽӼΣ̫͸㲻֣ԽԽۣ۵Ҫֲܣôأأ
ӼʲôȤһ㣬۶Ц⣬ֻɨԿطһۣɲȥֻ䣬һܹоԿطӼεһηЦҽվȻһҪɱҵ˸ҽҪ
˵ǲǶˡ

ԿطȻֻļֻǿǳɫĳ˷ȥ
ǰͻȻֳո¥֮Ӽһ׹ˡ
˲Ķˡ
һʲôĸоȷеֻǳʵشڱӰԿطڿʼп־塣
ԿطԼţΪʲôҲп־СһоƲôͻȻʼӼġ
ع⣬ɽġ

ģˡһ˳ڵƺ̣ɫ쳾֮УȻǵľȴޱѡ
һͬʱ޿̲侲¶ǵ֮СǾԽǻѣ͸ԽʹãԽ׷ԽĿ걳ۡ
ǰߣȻʹࡣΪǰǸˡ
ѳħ





ʮ 

ӼΣѾħħȵָ⣬ĵ̴㣬һеһжһвȣҪĸԸ׳ƳĤһŴӲ˴õ嵭ġ
ôĮӵһۿʼԿط̾ӼΣҿȷظ㣬̫ӵȷҪ㡣
仰кܶ˸߹ңӺܾ֮ǰʼ˿Ϊ⣬ǶҲңƾʲôҪ˿϶
һ仰ԿطķŭӼΪʲôǳβѣҲܷν顣˭ǸʸҪʲôء䲻ֵǮ̫ӺйԥҲܿȥвĵȨ뼽Լĵܵȡ
˭
Ȫ
ʹϸϳ˲ԶͷӼվԨǰȻֲִ̣תΪԼ˵ʢ
뼽ַŵѻԸСۼԼ֦ҶƻǰܶԸ룬һͷţӼԴ֤ĸȻڡţĸԸ

Կط¿סļ磬ɢ̴㣬˿˿ǣЩĹִӼΡɫȴԡ
ҵ۾ԿطȴЩ̾ϢϣָֻԵظоһ㣬ȿԿطָͣϣ˳ƶ£ġ
ԶԶܹ¶԰ˮչǡñһһס˰ߣƮɢӼε󣬵οһӰǡֵأһӳ졣
ܶݵʱ䣬˭Ҳû˵ȻԿطʣӼӣȻһɫһǣס޷塣
۾
Կطܹ￴Լĺ¡Ӽεĺ壬ͬˡ۾ӳó޳顣

Ӽ̧ץסıۣԿطֻԼϣ˶֪˵ЩʲôʶؾãУץסҪԿطſ
ȴһεأԼӡǳǳָӡµġ

Կط󣬡ңô
ҡͷ

Կط޷󣬡û˵Ӻ
һ仰ӼЦ˳ش
ôܶˣ뵽Ȼ׷ĶȻе¡ӼԼӱţҡͷԿط˵
ԿطȲ⣬̧ۿͻȻˡ
ЦúǴ˵أ

ӼͻȻ仰ŵһ㣬ʹҪĻúԿطץһƹȥֱֱؽ˶ѹǽϡ
ܵһƵ˴˿Ҳβס鶯쳣˷ܣԿط˵ܿ졣һεӣתһߣԸлҲ
ο಻أԿطϲʱĹ䵭ƫƫҪٽһĴ
һȴ¡
ȵϢӼϣ岨۾ܹˮһɫ˶ĵţ˲죬˫
βݡܹӶͬӣ˹ǣԿطӲΪԼǺ߾ӣο类ƻ󣬳ͷβܵѵĿơ
ѹסһ˫ơ

һǵʱж೤ôӼξǹһŨҵľܲõĿҪƷԼӿȴҲӲǲһʼʹˡ̸˭˭ᱡ޷ơ
ҶԿطΣյľʾ⻰ѿӼνﲻ֪
ϵˮ̴ЩɴеĳɬʸУͨ͸ɫֱֱؿذ׵²Ⱦ˳
ʲôҪնһĴߴԼһǻڣֻܱ֮˴˺ҧ
ӼλҪӣǲӡ
ԿطסӼοеľССһ죬ʲôûУʲôҲ롣
ǰֻܼ
ر˴ĥԿطʧ˷ִ磬ݺݵɫīɫ˲ɢ£Ҽס˰ӣֻʣһĿͫӣȶ˵ķ顣
ӼǸˡۣǴͷβܻرܣԿط޷ݹ˵ջ
һԿطȫһ˫ħҩɾȣΨбɫܽ⣬ʵߡ






ʮ 仨Ǽɺ

зѽؽ԰βѡ

ͻ˶ס˴ӼͻȻ۾￴ԼȫİģȶҪһӰ
ʲôǳɫ

ʹƿԿطȴǱץסԿط̶һֻסһָӼεıķ˿
ڰοһԼóͷβ޷Եĺͯһ㣬ꡣԿطԼ¡
֣Ӽεܴ󣬴һҹȿʼԿطδ˾
֣ȴ˳ķҪοֻǵû˸ӲɳܵԿط̧Ҫסȴղŵ˺ҧĴѪһĨ졣

һҹȾˮ̣ɢһĿͫҧס´ЩѪĽ󡣼ֱҪ.
ֱҪԼƷ衣

ԿطڱԼֳõİ㻹ҪصؽӼײǽƺߡ۾ܹмֵһС
ӼΣӼΡͣػ֡Ϊײǽ϶ü˿ԥסǧۣһʹ˲䣬·ͻȻ˵һ仰
ϻѪӼ˵
ʱ˵ʲôΪʱǡ
Թ

ԿطָȻ¡
ΪʲôûһЩԡ
ȻԲأӼЩƣб£ϵǱİҲһʱ̵Ĺ򡣡
Ȼ˼
գұеϢ꣬ô뼽ֻҪһɨƽ¡οһССԹ壬ҪʲôԶ֪ӼƽԼĺŬԼָ򶨣˵ִԲ򣬿أֵͬأ
ԿطȼյһĨڳҡ
һش԰š

ǡǡʱ鼱׷ͻȻѵķɫˣˣ˵úϢȹɨ˿ͣˣԸһúõ˯һҪȥģסֻһ·

ƫԷ˿ǽϱ˴޻
Ϣڶϡ
Ӽηȥϵķ˿̧ۿ˵۾ԭҲ޿κεʱҲ᲻֪Ǻá
ԣǶɼӼθ㣬ң̫ӡҪҵһƽĳڡưոݣ㲻աֻܡ

ԿطӼδѪ촽ظǵµһ󲻰زͻȻ뱧ӼΡ
ֻǺ밲ر

ҲҵܵܵʲôԿط͵͵ظ֣һȴ̬

ӼκοЦھԼļһЩ壬ԿطĵܵʧһΪ˫ǳɫ˳سһڿϷķһ׹˳̴꽥
һΣܰĵؿԿط

һӵһĿͫӻϣǣ΢΢Ѫο
Կطһ̣ǰʵأǿõġ
һֱǵӵ
Цӿ

ϧ

Ůӵļ˺һֱӰߡײɱࡣʱסԼӷǽҲ֧Ųס
֪һЩԼûпͲϲϵҪ׷Ҳ׷
ôȥһС
Լɷڱ˵ӵ΢Цһ̵ıԼĴ룬ͬʱȴ־ñ
ӼδûʵЦȻʱ޿̶ߣһж˸оһֱԣ˴ҰҸһֱŵҸЩ˵ĳ;˺һ㴰ֽ֮Ҳأ

Ӽ۾һ˲䣬ʹظӡ
һʱ֮ȫȻǺá






ʮ ˫üʱݿ

ԿطûعͷȥҲ֪ʲôʵѰ·һжԼαװúܺãƫƫԼһҪѰҳһࡣ
ӦǸϻ۵ŮӣǶʴʹ˶޿֡Ũҵĵֻ֪࣬ᶮ÷ĳ޾ӼβĳѣҲͲ̫ӡ
ֻǿ̫͸ԾˡԺܶԸֶȥ

Ӽƿ͵ҪȥʣûǸղɢķĶһһб׹
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䡣
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ӼԼͻȻú£ҹȥʡ
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Կط˵˵ɱ㣬ҾͿԷŹ᲻֣

ץԼͷʧⶼôˡǲǻһǷܹǿԽŨҵ̴㡣

ӼѸٹȥץ֣ʡ.ֲ֪˵ЩʲôֻܱҪο
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Կطظһ˿Цݡһο͵ӼΡʱ̲Ǿ衣
ܹ֤Ϊ顣ΪܹѰ裬ϧӲԥѻȥ

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Ӽǡߣˣ˺ܾվûǰٴ̼
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á
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ӼξԼͷǱʲôݺݵǣס˺üȴ˿ⲻʹܶ鶼ûۡ־ĸоԼƾЩݵ顣ûʲôˣ˵Ҫô
󣬾͵һΰɡҶǱĿҪαװʲôѡֻ򵥵أϧ
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Ӽεһִ棬ЦúܰˣԿطͻǵʴӣֻܿͫĹȥȴΪӼΡػ밲οʧĻǣԼͬˡ
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ǾջˡҪɱҡ֪֪һֱֵͻȻǻʧ䡣ԱԹʧӼһ䣬УǷ˵ĸܹعĴ





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Ӽαͷȥ㡭˵ʲôû˵
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һ仰ʴӣԿطصЦżǵ㡣ӼΡ
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ĥɣշתҪ𿪳ȥһȴԵϵÿһ磬Ⱦ̴ȾѪ󲻿˵Ǽͷ˿ھһֻҶ֮޳·
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ӼǰǰסҲ˲ʲôбı۷ϰ䣿ü˵˵һֻǰŮɥʧһий١
俴ı飬಻Լʹ֣Ϊ޸оʹ
ʴæܳȥûУӼνùϵѪ˳Ķ£۾ȴ֪ѿ塣˵ôˣ
ǰŷ֣ʢױǰǷȴֻһֻ۵׳ʯӡЩ֣Ҳ˲࣬Ĵ΢ֻó֡
˵ôˣɻü˵

̧֣ڣӼμѣȥȡȴŮбʵڲһʱԥȡֿ˿ڣ̴ͻȻһѪء





ʮ Զ

˶
Ӽ˽ȥ߿Ǻֲִϣڴȡʲôǻ˵һ봭ϢѾ΢̴㡭
ŻűһⳡϽҪȴֽһԣȫûأǴ⧲Ķȥ
ʽ֣Ҽֳ棬ᣬ䣿ôˣǴ򡭡
ֻЦҡͷ̫ӻͤġġ漴ſģӼֻúȻһƿԼһҹһģһĺƿӡͻȻһЩ飬
ⶾֻϡһɷӦ󡭡ʬͻشӼֻԼϵɣԺϸ˼ǰˣֻ˵䲻˽ֻܽ뽫
ȴֻһ˲䣬Ů׽һƿ߹¡
ӼεĶ
ͻȻףŮҲԸвȡؿңļ⧷˿һ仰źˡСЦοٯмˡ
Ѫ䦿һǽ塣ֱɿ֤߹ǵЧһԾҡͷ̾ϢŮǷˡ
ԭľͷһϮɫꡣɥʧһ֪ҲüĿЦ磬һ̧ؾžޣһĿͫءΨһӦ衣
ӼܹӦģҲֻش

ָ׻ԼӼͻȻſǱŵ˰Цñ룬䡭䡭Ǻαء
һ̧£ž׹ڵȹǡ
ʧĵˡʮģʧƱƿ£Եϼ껪
ΩԸԼ껪ؼҲùή㲹͡

Ǳɵ뼽ʲôʱһҪĥûн߹ǵ˼ĶʶɼһεȴϻۣͬΪŮӣܶȴҲ˵ڡ
ʵڲˣԶǵ׿ɱȣӼẫأ಻ԸǺ뼽
̰һٻҲǼǵҪڴҲվң׹νġ
˭ĲӮ

ǰ䣬ⴺδޣʧ
̲ҩȾǰУմ
ͬΣͬʵֿ˴ԡ
ڣƮѿաʴǧл硣
ӼΰЦǱʹڱǻȴ޴ӿ⡣뼽硭뼽硭㵱ǲںǸһΣȻǸŮôҲˣȻˡ
䡣

ʹȥȴ֪ΰοӼԸƮȥȪȡ
Ʈ飬һʱŵֽŶ˽ᣬŸϽܵȥȡ١
ǴȥأԲ鿴һǰ룬Ѩڹ涨ʱ˳Ѫƣ֮ϡѪӿĶսսͣһڻ˵ǿǡʲôֵĶġûǶӳһᣬҲٶһˡ
ӼθŶͷȥ

Ϊʱһжá
ŵöһԲ֪Ǻãʬһʱ޻ӼηԸȥûеõҵ˭Ҳ
ӼΡǰ֣˵ȴİοǰһ̫ڳ󣬿֪²ѯʵʱ
ҡû¡ȴ޵Ȼ΢Ц
ƮȡȪӼУ˽ķȫ󿪣ǰʾе˶˻Է

һɽӽգиٶ衣ȫȻעָ⣬ºѪ˳ı룬ɴ裬ǰ䣬ⴺδޣʧĿ
Ǻ䣬ȴԼ
ڣƮѿաʴǧл硣ʵҲ衣
֪뼽ҲǲüһģȴҪȥǷػ컶вһԳӼֻˡ
ƮѿգˡͤҲѰǸңȪֺá

һϣԡ
Ӽɽӽ㾡绪ȥʺῴ֪ж࣬ȴ˵˶࣬λҪŬվߡ
ΣֻҪܰȻվĸ˶ĿһӰķţһѪĿȴܹվ࣬Ӧ֪㡣
£²޼ʢŮվվö궼ġ

ȻӼʩȻ͵ؾǾȪ٣һ˫绪ӳǹţǺݺݵˤڵϡ
˺ѷεƮ񾪺ȥȴ
δ
Ȫ˼棬ԽǴԽݣ˭ڵҡ

һعľĲкӼͻȻЦһЦ컶ֱǧɺ⡣
ɫĳᣴ˷ɽӽͤЦȻһĻͫħȰ㾪Ļ꣬Ƿɼʧɫپʧɫ

ԶԶطϣǽüֻǱɫ裬н̫Ӹķȥ






ʮ ǧ껭

뼽ڷУһ˵˱Ų˭Ҳ
һϵڣ뼽ȴƵԼһ̾档̫Ӹ˶֪뼽Ѳ⣬Ȼس˺ˮ𿴵úˣȴͤ
Ǳ̫ϲȥĵطÿÿ˶⸮еͤ⾰ѣƵ˫˵ͥˮôȻͳͳˣ˭ҲʲãӲԲ²⡣ֻ˽ﳹ׵ط
뼽˵ĻӲջأǹֳ嶯ˡΪֶܹģΨһӼϡһѳɶ֣Ȼúɣ˽ȥʲôˣ뼽ǼµȳŮӾɵԼЦҲƽ޹һŮǲ˺ηƶƿأ뼽Ϊ̫ҪŮ˻ףôƫƫ
˵Ǻ㣬ƽɫ뼽һ˫֡οѼݱ¡
һ̧ķ绪ɽӽɽӽϢӡ
ӼΣдȥҲȼʣȴעÿ˵īÿҪԽҪԼעҲӲ˫ĿһĿͫӣ֮ࡣ
ǵøʱ۵׵͡
һֹغȻ뼽ȴܲԿηһһѵϣҪи˽⡣
㲻һɫٶЦܣ಻ǿ﻽еĺ뼽硣
ԱңҾ羡
뼽ƿ̫أǰͣὫٻᣬȻӼζһ裬ȴ͡
ȪϹǷ

ʱ˿̣ݻ̫Ӹȴ¼žһ˶ڷУؿһֽǵãϲֽǧֽīֻ
Ѿãվ²ñʣġ治ҹȾˮ̡
Σһֽͳصġ
뼽κ̣ԿЩʯʯ̣ëҲȾһҹꡣ
뼽ŭģûõġǱʱ˦ڵϣŶ˽֯Ⱦˮ̶ĵ¶ˮȡˮȨвټǵһΡ
¶ˮ죬뼽ڶ̶ʱڱֻҪӼΡ󣬿һĳλأһܹǵĿǽе꣬Ц硣

㾡еִ㣬ëݺȥ嵭ӰȻЩӲȴġյ۾Ҳܹɡ
Ӽδδס˵Уֻ۽µ̫죬ҪģģұġԿһĿ֮ͫ󻹻᲻Ҫһ˵֮
Ǳ磬ԽԽ죬ӼΣʱһ˫ĿڳǲǾͶܹúһЩ
ֽӰԣȴżµӰǡһɽӽǼµӼΡ峺ĵͨ͸޷һַǣǲں෴Ϊں
뼽ţɽӽɽӽ..ʷһתɽ¼һȴס
ܰܣ㻹۷

ˮɫʱֽϣ뼽ƽһϸϸػǵһУʱһУۼҰЦݴĺӣǲƫʫֵܣȪٶЦܣǹִȥһһƱɽֵİ
ȵȣ࣬һӼΡ
뼽ȡҵıҵģ̫ҵģҵģȻ񽭺£ڽɽˣҲ϶ŤתǬʲôʱĿ⿪ʼɲɴ⣬ʲôʱٺӼִЦ̸϶¥Ը̤롣
üǵһգ϶¥֮ԼֻӼεһ仰Լֻ֪ǲǵǸҡĶң֪
ңҲûʸ˵ǲһˣԶ޷˴⣬ΨһƾǶļ֡

һʼ뼽ҪӼεġ
һʼ뼽עƣӼֻһˡʣ޼̫ҪĿ͸㣬֮ͳͳ㡣
Ϊ˭뼽һȭϣֽϵ嵭ȴû˫Ŀ





ʮ 

ͫҲܻĻꡣⱾͲܹģӼΣһӼΡ
뼽׶ЦЦ̫֮ӣһҪ˸׳ƳĤݣʱ˿ȴһ˫۾
ͬʱɽӽһ̧Ȫپ١

뼽֪һǻѪģҲġһĲﲻ԰ΣϢʱѹ
ֻȴ£ֱֱؿǿն˫ĿȴҲ治

ͻȻ⴫Цǳ졣
뼽һ̫ӸķԸ˭ⴳ룿־Ϥһʱ벻
ۼ֮͵Ŷ룬ȴǺɫ¡

Կط뼽üֿ֪֪˽̫Ӹʲô³
ԿطԹߵ¯ԣһԻɢһЩ̴ľ˳ֱȫӽ¯ذ㡣˿Ϊػ뼽һŭ
̫ӿ֪ɱʲô³
һ仰˵뼽ֻǿסĻΣ
ԿطȻָ֪ʲô£ȴش߹ԣҪǸ뼽һѽ𡣡֪֪˭㻰
֪һɱԼ׵ܵܵˡ˵ɣ޾ؿ뼽
㣡ᡣ
̫Ϣŭģ廹Уܲ£
ܡ..Ӽ.⻰˳£ԿطǷ߹ǣǻְ컹˵ڡ
ԿطаοӼεļ㲻ȫ˷ѣһͬ뼽վġ̫ȲûõϢȻ׷䣬
뼽֪鼴ɣҲú佫ϻǻһԣأ
鸮;У̱㵽

뼽Ȼϣ̧ͷЩɫΣ
Ȼң˶ûҰ֪Ϣ

뼽ȭЩȴ˵Щʲô飬ּԿط˿ûҪߵ˼ˣ԰µұ
ȻҪ֤ˣ䲻뼽˶Ӧ衣
ԿطȴһҲż㣬⵽һˣǻᣬһȫȻչֻɽӽӼΡ
˱Ƕ̴̾
ǻû˫Ŀ

̫ӣɫãȻ㲻ҪȺ䣬ҲҪһ֤ˣһ𡣡ȫɵһԵǻ
Ǿԣ뼽Ҫ˽ӼΡ
ǻȷþžޣûһĿͫ˻ɷ硣
ԿطشӻͳһƿƣǺ͸Ӽεľƣ뻳һֱ˴㣬ͻȻƿþơ
˴κ˳ĳ̫һ̫ӶĳֱɡǻԶǫһ̫Ӷ˲뼽ܾ˴
ʱ˿ǧһʱ˲࣬ҵؿ˺ȥ⣬˳ֽӹǾ뼽ͻȻʲôɵؿϸϸʲôƣ֪𰸻Ҫ̽Կط
[ʵԴ
뼽һüĿݾ
İ̫ӣһɵ͵ź㣬߹ǵĶѾȫ߹㣬ı̴ˡԿطһ˼ɵӲãȴ˼뼽ԶɣȻϡ
ղơ뼽ҲƵһԡ
ǱˡԿطźҪȥȡϹƽͬ۵ľơѹӼҲҪ
뼽ͻȻ˵ʲôˣ
һֱЦ˵ʲô뼽硭..ֻǿϧһ϶¥֮ûͬ뼽һԿطŬ䣬ޱϲĿӼ֪Щʲôʱûк⡣
һ֧ëȻ䣬žһ뼽͵ԿطҪùƺȴֹ
վд뼽ǾƺЦñ롣ãұ㲹϶¥֮Լȥȡ̴
˵ԹȻѱ䣬Կطۼ̴ȡЦһ

뼽صһ[ƣڱӰӣǻȱһ˫ĿܡվѰ
Կط̴[ơ

ӼΣֲҡ
Կطؿ˶׺̴еĜ[ƣĿ䣬뼽һһɫ˿ȡ
ľͻȻڵϡ

뼽ֱ֣֪[ʲôɵģ˵һЦ߸ϵ̫ӵȻоҺĳɷ֣ϻҺ̴ľ
뼽һŤŭԿطƿűҪˣȴֻúͷĿѣվȡ
Կط˺Ȼڵ߹ȥϷšҲûƭ㣬̫ӵ£̴ľɽ߹ǣ˸һ£޶̴ǜ[ĴɡϹ֪ӹ˾þԷ벻Ĺˡֱֱվ︩ӵϵ뼽ǽɢⶾ˵ĸй٣ὥ־
뼽˫סԼ䣬֮ҪȴֻܵڵϲϴϢؽҧȫյɲһ㡭..
ңԿطת뼽ԭϣһ˲ɭȻΪʲô?֪һ鲼Ȼɱ̫Ҳһ죬ΪҪ㣿ˣһʼذѽֱָʹӡҾʹδйʲôԼΪԹܹвңҪԿط֣ˡ
ǽ𣬺һԿطѾԱƵ뼽ǰĽ뼽ؿ֮һ롣̫ӵ£еùɢĸоɺãұȴϹ֣õ̤塣ϧ
ǰȴδƷ룬뼽ֻܰͺǲϱԼһ˫˺ӡۼǽƽſһӾȻʶŲ
ϧͻȻıˣͻȻ͸һ£嵭ö࣬뼽Կطź飬һԶһʹɥĲҪɱҲûһֻɥȮһԼĵƾ㣬ҲҪԿطԽ˵Խⲻ磬ⷬһֱܹ³һֱ㣬һֱڵһҡ뼽ʧԿطĽƲֱƵıűԵ˱ܵһʱ侹Ȼ˲һе





ʮ յ÷

뼽ǰ壬Ժеͷܶ࣬Ŭؼ־ȴҲֻܲˣһұޣϾҪѡͻȻڵ䴥һֻ¡
Ŭطֱ棬ָϾëʡŵڵϣȻ..Ȼ󡭡ʲôҲ벻ãֻʹࡣ
еɫӰһ⡣˵ƫͷٶ裬磬⹴ˮȪ˼䡣뼽磬е峺аһ˫ĿȴʼնԼħ
Ӧüǵһܽؽʱ̴Ǵʱ˿ͷѼԼֻҪѣһ㡭..ҪټٱıԵ
Կط֪ʱ˿ǰܹЩʲô棬ȴ뼽ͻȻԼľҴϢ֮ɢײϣ˲ϴѪͷȥ
뼽ȻԺ˻ȴɾ䣬Ŭ۾ָŲ֪ĵطŬҪ˵ʲô
ԿطվڷӰﰵؿ˲̫Ӹ૵вӰ˵뼽㲻̴֪Ҳɱ˵ġ
̫ʧһ񲻿ƣļ˷ֻؿû̫ĻϲźƳǷ
̧ȱĿķ绪

Կطã뼽Լ
ǻϢϣǷ֮Ͽ̫Ӹһա꣬ǧҹͳͳ͸
Цÿοô嵭ɽӣ

׹ܷ䣬飬˫ɣ֦ͷ滨ʼչ
һѪ

ӼۼһعƬڰӣˡǳ˵Ρ
߹ȥúʬ䣬߹ǵĶԴڶرȴöһԴԣͻһʵ̫޷ܣһȴһٶŵùڵϣȥΣǲҪΪá
ʸҪǰȰοȴͻȻڴ¶ϴһֵӣ̴ľߵĻȴٴǵӼд಻ǻЩˡ
Ƕʱ䷢ʲôͺǷйϵĿһתӼεıԶںƽյĶ̶̼֮Եôʲôۣ漰ʲô
ֻߣԼվˣ
ֻӼαسŮӻߣ˺ظţ˳Ӧ˺Ǳһο顣
Ӽαִ

ȥ˴ﲻͷβ㶼ǷԷǺͺȥɣ
˭׼ˣӼͻȻһطʣԶƽﲻǼƽϣտĶ
޷ֻ໤һ·氲˳żߡ

ӰڰⲻԶһЪϢڵʲôȻȴʱ͵͵ǸӸۡſһ˯ӣҹδ˯һ
ˮŵʯӣ峿͵͵ض̫Ӹ⣬˺ܾòżúһ˳ȴգĥź䲻֪Ҫ˭ĸȥһ·β棬ռǺɫӰ˰
һĨ̴ˡ
һֻˮźᵽʲôʱܳһ£Ƿ˵ȥĸ׿ܾˡϵĻϱʯӻȥǵϳĺ
ͻȻǸ죬𣬰ˮæҲ˲ȥϵĻҳʾľ棬ֻһֻ۾͵͵ؿš

ɫͨȴýΪΣ˸ͣڸ⣬ܿ˵ȴλű˴򿪣ȴȳС˻ŻŵȥǳúһŵСŮ޵û찵أһ·˲
²ɵһǣ
ǵ쳤˲ҪǱߵĶֻƮȳĴȷûʲô˵ų֡
һ·ǳɫĳɴȺӼ߳

ˮһ˫ȴͨ͸׵Ӱ߳ȴһˣ˭ϸֻǳҷغɴ
ͻȻӲѪҺسͷϢ
˭˭
Ǵ𰸷һֱźСŮ޵롣
˭

ˮȻ£ֿܶܣôˣ˻ǲֻǳʲô飬ȻǸ˱ôˡ
Ҳȥ
һɽӽ忴Ŀֻ˵Щʲô㾶Ҳȥ
ܲԤУҪǰȥȴɿȥ

ʿǳķɳվᣬæŽȥ
챾Ǹӡ죬仨ӻ֦ͷΪ˭װ磬ʮձ飬򾮾Դ˵ƽϣһǷڲסķ˭ֿǴխխһաӳǿ֦Ҳ
Ӽǹǧ𲻻۾ɨءӿףƮüӣ⣮ǽȥãӼβϷº䡣Ҳ㾶ֱ߽ȥ
֪˶õľ̸ڣһЩƫĸٴӵ¹Ŵʪĵķݰ಻ЩƾɵԶһõģЩ˼лɿϲྻССһԺʰྲЩȴȻڲסƮ˳סһžƿһʲôˮԺ˴֪֪סͨһͷӻ־ԺۡƮ޷ȥѯʱˣȴֻбŵһͰԺ߳һľϸˡ
ܻøɾȥüĿøУһתǣ𾪣ӿɴûнˣΪ׵˻ŸŮӣȻɢԶܹԶ࿴ġϸϿŲϣȴػͷһƮܹæתȥҴҵһ·ǰߡʲô顣
Ʈ·ǰϸϸؿѹʣ֪ǷסһλкĹ
ϸ˱ǶԸ£ͻȻһ㶣죮䣿
Ʈ򰲶ķ򣬺ǺɡͷǰɣǺǰס
ϸʲôֱֱתŬŴӼΣǣ
񣡡Ʈ͵һȣδ˵㱻ӼһġǾûôӼ˵꿴Ǹˣ߹ֱԼŵˡ







ʮ ÷

ϸʲôֱֱתŬŴӼΣǣ
񣡡Ʈ͵һȣδ˵㱻ӼһġǾûôӼ˵꿴Ǹˣ߹ֱԼŵˡ


ӼξǺĹʶҪڣȴ͵رϸһƿ֪ӿľ裬ֱֱźǴµĸ첲ӼεĻ
͸ű֧ŵǸһͬڵϣӼαƵһЩվȣüȥȴһˣ
ʲôǸͻȻźѪǺ˫ĿƣȴأԲϷŹڳÿһˡ͸žӼ쳣ѹһеһл˵Ҫ˭ԭ͸Լ뼽ı˴
򲻸һŮС

Ӽź˫׼ɥǰĸ˻˭ѯʣȴ۵ķŭ
ƮǿȥⲻӵҲǣ
Ǹȥ˵κλһ㣬ֻǸź͸ȥջţձˣ
ӼΰվһԿţץź£Т˳ˣЩ÷˵һӿơ˵ǵطŮʲô³Դ򲻸Ϊǰĸ󣮣һֱǿź䳤ģ֪ԼӰˮĳ㵱ϱģȥֻ꣬ǼЩϢϵ̫á
ټȴ˾

ǻ׵ͷӳܻ谵ĻӼ˺󼸲ҪóЩطܹúõؿ䡣
ͻȻ߹һˣ˴㶣ֱضŵϵ૵ػţڻǿϣؼˡ
ӼϵǽżǸˣȻ̫Ӹ̴ľСӼպ㽫ǺԼ
ͻȻ˹ȥԼĸʹ޶ţǶƭӣúõģץ֣ʹڵдЩʲô㻹ǲǵ̹֣㿴ҽ̸㣮
ﶼǷ
Ӽβ̼ذ׵մȾϳȥҪǰˮȴͷһץסҪغһе˸æǰˮأһԱסЦָӼۺ⡣
һԵļª׷̽̽ѰĿ⣬Щ˺ɲ֣ǿ˼ҵ˷ܣοһ֮£Ȼ£ȨˣŲ
ӼαܵȻؿڣʹȴܲܲˣ˵ıֻܽܣȷйءһ仰ڣĺأˮʹҪȴվáƮΣӵԸ㲻ͣΪڿǿΪԼ粵˭֪һıԡ˵֣Ҳֻ¡
ϸͻȻ˹קסɽӽ°ڣֻ˭
Ӽҡͷ
ǰһż۾ڲͬȻףع⣿
ӼαߣԸܹعɷ֪ԭס
Ŭվӣ˵ķ绪˫ԸȥǰǺ֣ÿɷܹŵüɢݵλ˲ӦĿԵãЩһĽôȻͺԣǲͬġ
ʹһҲڲסį嵭

׷ƮɢڷУȥѱӡ
խխؼһսǣ㣬ȴͰ̫˿ܣǷǳưܵСԺſưܵľ顣
ڴ˵ģӼ֪Ϊ֮ڴ˵ִ䣬ܸͬܣȴȻܹ⡣
ﲻŮӦסõģȴҲٲ󣬲Ǳģֻزˡ
ʧԼϲù;

ſǡп÷
ӼκʪªĵطȻлοŵĻ֣˫ţҵµ÷֮Ҳδÿ
ȴ





ʮ ʶ

Ӽ˽÷ľ򿪣ҪѺڴˡ󻹴ͺһ·סİˮ
ʹۺᡣͬһʹȴվǷాˣ׼ȥðˮ㻹úõߣӺɷ㲻Ҫڰų򣡡
ӼͻȻǰķȻ𾴡
û˻ʶ壬׼ǲԴԼܶ벻顣
ͷϸԺᣬȴܹվֱ˼ԼĶӣ㲻ų
Ӽ۵׶ֿܳ͡ظ߷ûб˼ҪغԸص
ȻվڷУ֪ǷӦථúģʧˮҲԡ
ϸÿһԣĺȻأ΢ЦŮ󿴼ʲôķ羰һ㣬ᣬȴĸԸ
Ǻ׿ֻһ䡣
Ӽײ
ұźԲк⡣
ӼһЦһĻͫ峺µȷйأҾⲻϣˡ
ˮȫκΣֻһֽţһԵԵһǽϡ
Ǹеָˮ
˵ֻǿ÷򿪡
ӼβһɽӽֻǼԸȥҪǺµСͻȻס֣Ϊ·
Ӽһ㶣ףá
ԼΪҳѰ˼Ů·ǷõԼ괩ľ¡
·Ǻ䱾ð֪Ȼƶ񤣬뱯ϲ֣ӲһˡһֱǸ۴շתȨеĺ䣬ƶºʳȴܹȻϡ

Ӽαµĺ䣬Ϊ
ˮסţͻȻʲôžص䣬ڳȫס

ͷϵӡ
һֻ۵ͨΡ

ˮ磬Ҫǵôһ˹Ȣҡ˵ĺ³һ˫̧𣬽ǰԵƸķβ뷢ټ䡣
ǳЦȻ

ˮֻǰһڣأ˹ȥ

䱻һԼµ÷¡
ӹڵϣӼμˮӱ֪¸ģһʱþ㽫ݸ˵ЩʲôƮȴʵڲǰҲӼʲôͷȻΪǴ˵ʵڲ˾ȥֻ֪ʲô£ԿηǿġеһٴߴЩظѾ˿ʼ̽ǰ˿أ˭Ҳ
Ӽ޷ֻø߷תѣ֪Ӧ֮պض
ΣãӼθ÷֦⣬ɽӽ˿˿̴㣬ڻתȥ
֪ȴֻܸммʵֻԼţһƬٻ޹أõ޹أǺȥ
ӼǵĿҵŵȥͻȻ۾
ҲԼȥ
ֻӵ̴ľЦȻԿطԿطһƭңҲֻҪһô
ƭԼӿɽⶾʵԿطһ;ǾƵ¶ȾǱ߹Ǹе˵಻ԼصԼȥȳŵǷһȻԼԶҪ衣
֮ࡣ

Ӽһָֻľͷ·һʹܽ£˼ͫȻ
ˡ
ſɢľ㣬ңԵټ
İӼοǽе
һţúصĳ
ӼЩϢ˿죬첽ȥֻöʲ֪
ʣû£ȻȥҺͺ̸Щ顣ġȥ֪ǵĵġ
ǻҲʲֻÿ뿪

Ʋ鷿
ˣӼǵ֪˺Ϣվ仹ϵˣյҪиȴúüء
ɼԿط
ӼεЩԾԿط
ʿͻȻڽ꣬˽µ̫йء
ɽӽ˲ֻ֪ף֪ȷ̫ˡպҲйء
Σս˰˴ʱ˿ȻûʲôϢ
ԾӼֻþʵԱ
ʲôȻվ𣬡ôᡭضѰԿط֪٣ԭΪǰ˵ǶӲʣղȴ֪仹ȥ˸ϣŸ̫һʱͿļٽʲôȴû뵽Ӽ£侹Ȼ

ѡźˡӼʾ£һŴˣһҹ̫ӣȰҲһҲԸգ̫ӹȻ..
̾Ϣҡͷ˽ɳ̽Ҫļƻֻ֪ԿطΪá
Ӽһʱû˼⻰̽ʲô֮ͬһ߹ǵ̬ȴȻΪҡǶҡ̫вȴԸ캦֮£Ծ̫ӱ½룬ǻܰסһʱ̣֮Ը
ǰú̫ӸչıƽҪЩɫ죬֪̫Ҫ뾡취쵽ʴ˻лʾ俴Զ޹ߣȻİ̫ӵƣ³Ҳá
û뵽ŮԶԼþ
㵱ûпˣ㣬ȻƶȴȻԼļ֡

˫׼ɥǲҲ޴ѰˡЩ̾
żȻüһλѣˮǽӦ֮ʱ뺫æҲǶһЩοӼλǵ£ȡľС˿ʶ
زɵøӾ𣬡⡭.εõģۼ̫ӽС
ӼЦѹشҴӰˮõģ֪ǺǴӺõģں䣬̫ġ
ǡ..طôﱻˮס
Թ̫ӣ̫ӻǾΪѰӰɡӼҡҡͷȴϧǺαأȻҵˣҲȥˡ
ر˫ۣ̫̫֮ã֪̫ԣĲȴǲǰĽʢȨջ̫󣬻޴󣬿ǶǱ׵ϳͷȻ쳣Ƿ˲꣬һֱǰտݺ³ĺء
͸֮˱ˣʱͳͳãһһѣʰңȥвġ
뼽ƫƫǲġ






ʮ ͽǣ

õǵıԿطлϳٴ̸֤ʧܣȥδδ֪ԸֵУûа취ϣӼοվһǻҪһζ뼽²ˡҪİο
ӡ
ˡ

ӼΰŪǺӡһĻͫɼɫӿǱҲ˲ȻǵĮӰӣˣ֪⣬Ƕˣ಻ˣǡɽӽڲסįһȪȫˣ˭Ҳܻȥ
ҪȨֻҪġƫƫȨϣһһ֤Ҷĵִֻ롣
αء
ս˴εķ񣬿Ӽβܱ֤᲻һΣԿط뿪յķ̨֮Լֻʲôʣ˭Ҳܽ
֪Կطںδ
Ӽҡͷȷʵ֪
ˡϳԣϳ뵽ټһѱҲҲԿطôֻһܱ˰ЦΣ֮ˡ
޹أֻǹغҼ̫׷ɱǲܲȣⶾɱ˵̫к𣿡Ӽο졣
̫׷ɱһʱδӦ
ǰյˡӼθл˵ֻұز̫һ¶˸Σգ̫ġѾˡ
´Σ׼ԴУÿ˶һ㡣
ӼЦȻ಻֪Ǻãշ̫࣬ⱳǣҲ̫ֻǺ˷ģҡ..ӦһҪš
ӦҪţϵľڡ

ؿ޻ֻǺһƬĸж嵭ӰӻǵһΣᶨ»ŵͷ
ЦΪӣȴһܣҲӼεģԼҲƣˡ
Խ͸ԽҪ֡
ף̫ףԲŹִԼţΨһĴס
뼽Ҫɱ

ϳǣǱ˵Ϣ֪ĴʵڶԸвظˡ
Ӽףȴǻ£Լշ̨飬ûиߺءһ̵˽Լ¡֪ԿطЩʲôȴ֪ҪԿطġͻȻ˵
ǣɡ

ߺصѻȥʣŽȥʱͭ㶣ȴᡣ
ôܲ롣
Ӽ֪ʱ˵棬ʣ£ǹ̫ӵ£Ҳǻúõô
ȫûԼ߽͵һ˵ŮתӼΡҡû£Щѹ
ľҲ֪ģ֪ᡭ..ˡ˵˵ԼͻۼһµŮѪӿȴΪŸԼ˭ţϣΪʧĶ뼽ĺ⡣
ٯмˣȷʵǣӼԳЦмܳ޴УмӲ⸻
Կ.Թ..ʽղδԿطһʱҪѯʣ£΢΢ƳӼεɫԱ䣬һ
Ӽһˡ
ʱѸٵʰ飬˵ԼˣֻجΣˣӯӯﶼǲ⣬˿ٲ
ɡˡӼλߵ󣬡ˣױˡɵؿǡ
תض꾵еԼۺȻĿȷʵÿҲЦҪʲôױ
ӼθȡüʣССһӣմȾЩǷôСģ
ƿ֣ˣ㻨ˣĪǰ滨ббһۣӼڳһһס
ûˣȥˡ
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㹻

͵͵ţ裬֬ӣϬ׶ü˻̲סЦˡ..ޣ
Ȼ
Сձס˵ֲ֪˸վģֲ˾С˵ŮӢţЩʱڸ±һſɺã
ӼαҲڴӦźá
ͻȻһ
հ̨ϼ˵ɡ

˵ЩʲôͻȻ̧ͭһ˫ĿЩδƣ⣬Ӽھ֮
վǻʻȥ

˴ҴҵˮˢϵѪա

һտһӽסȦۼĺı顣
ǺαأۼˮһһʲôҲ£˿ǻŨȵѪӿǡһֱǵãʱᣬһеļ֤ͷգһеһжǰ

ǧѩƮȴѰһ÷Ѫ
˭ܵеù⾰?





ʮ ͵

̫ް

ʵ̫ͻȻ̫뼽Լڷڰղ춯ȥ鿴ʱȻѾˡڸںֱײԼĲȴ˵޷ֻùȥץסҪͻڻ̫ҽ
˭֪ոսţ뼽ȻֱֱָǿһĻʹͺȴ˵ɻľҪȥֻ÷֣Ȼȥʹʲôǰϵ¶ûʲô
Ƿһֻëʣȴһӿˡ
뼽ͻȻǱ˳еһȻڵϣ̧ϣûа̫ҽԷͻȻͶ
̫ӾȻˡ
ǰòʱһʱ˶ֽš뵽ǷӦȷԴظ¾ͿһƬ
һΣ̫ӸҹȻİ䣬ǻûС

찵Ķ̫뼽Ȼڷ񲡣
кɫµִ·ЦǾ¥վɣȴ֪ŵĸҹһߡ
ҹ֮ǰȥǱ¡Լ˵ӣ֮ǰԹ

ԶԶټһǻδüΪһ׵ޣй䣬ҹɽգػ鿰裬
ǵİ½ǰԺľƣǧľƣػܹϵͭҹĻ¾޴İɫӰӡ
Կطȥˣο಻¶ˡԶԶܹɮεʯһһȥ
ȴδɿĽӰ涣һֱԿطߵǰͻϮ
뼽еϢ̫ӵӦҲӵϢ

ɫһĴ鿴ȷʵûʲô״ӻͳһ֧̻ڿɢһ죬ȴǺ
ԹԼ밲ºԺ档ԿطǰȥߵţһСɨСɮ˹򿪣ֻ˵ʩ룬ҹ¡
Կط潹Ǹ·ˣѰѱ·ɷҽ޹£
Сɮ£ֿÿ
Կطȥ㱻ȥͷ
ܼýɫķǰʢغСɮģ
ʩ㲻ǽʿ¿ɳƽˡ
һ·˵ţ˼ɾŵĿͷԿط˫ֺʮˣл
޷

ȥţ˷ڳ貢⣬Ϊ˶Ŀص˻򡣷һŲż߶
غţε΢ȥԿطӺ󴰷ڷһ·̽飬ѭ·;ȥԺ
Թ岢δ˷ţֻףʮͷսžʦһ·ϱǵİ£һֱС

һɫس۵վڷƫƧĺųɨװɨʱʱ¿ʱǽիʱˣû
԰ɫͻȻһˡܿ콫ԺеӰɢԹ塣ϾҪ뿪طˡ
֮жյ׷һҵʦ˶ִⲻΪԼȣһ˫۵׶̾ϢʩԵδˣղǷˡ
һ仰ǷƵ֮ɨҶһȥ꣬չȴҲڵԼĻԵľӱĹ¡
Կط˵֮գǹͬµʱ
ȫǸɺϣԺдɨֻ̧Ŀת´Լһʱ֣˿ò٣ʶʹһеҲϲˣ徻֮أӽü۽üҶŰԶϹˮԡ
ʴҲ̧ȥɫ·ֻϵľ
㡭Կط߹ȥ鼤Ӳ˵һϷûаܣԹ壿
۵סĿЩȴ˼ʲôԹػ䣬ԶԶѾʼŮƽɢվﲻԾսӣԹ壬Թ壬ֺܾû˽йˡ
᲻ĻԵ

ô֪ҽԹ壿
üȴͻȻЦˣҲӻóһ̴ֻͬľȻ˽⣬ԹҲܾһӵȷͬһ̴ɵģ򲻻м١ϸֳϲ磿
ԿطЦʤǳˡ
ҲЦ
ֳسһ۵׷ϲã߹οļ磬ʮ꣬վѰˡ





ʮ Ե

ԹĹ꣬ĵȥͷط֮飬ʱ̫ãԿطضյǸССϲùĺʱԼЦسӣȷʵɳΪһӺȻͬԿطһߣòɼӢͦȫʱų
һҹոԿطʧɢİܱҹ̸žȻûо⣬ԿطȴͻȻźҡͷֻϧʱȱþƣȻطԵף
Թ˵ȻͬһΪ뵽ʲôڷȥ˱ԥˡ
ǽü˸Ӹˣֻ̾㶼ѳԺеӡܻǻ͵ǿ̴ľЩȴֺӣһǵʱܰЩʫģƫƫϲģұܰ׽Ū㡣
Թ嵫ЦһֻΪѰ壿
Ȼ
Թ³˼пɺã֪ȥη˶Ѱδ
֮ԲסԭַұȥطɲԼӦϵĵطָⰲ¡
˻ƶЦ

ȴδ뵽ڶգԿطոճű㱻̫ӵѵɱ֡롱̫ǰǡ뼽ͥ£ٻв֮ļա뼽ƵΣò취²ߡ
Ҫһ漰Ϲõˣûк֮ǣ÷Կطƫƫ֮뼽޷ȫȻΡ
˰пסܣƽ˾ֻԹ岻̤һ
ɱ
̶̵֡ɾ䣬뼽üͷҲһ£Ҳգ·ֻ߱·һ
ϧ뷨ҲЩɡԿط۷ƣѱỳɵ뼽ϣƾվʺ֪̽Ҵӡ
ɲһӦ顣
޹أֻҪɣǡõƣǱȴϹ֡
²һձɵֵġ

֮ǰ뼽ҰĲһ켴ɣѾ̫ùȲҪԲλ谭һİ
ԹԼ֮һ¡

ҹһվС
ԿطŸ߸ߵطһ·İ˵ĺԺһ·ŹӣƶԶ߾һ
ͻȻ𲻹֮ǰԼ뿪ʱ顣
Կطܺ棬ع⣬ַ䶼ķˡڽһ·ĲĴʱļλͶʵĹ۵˼䣬绨졣
˵ǣһ¡
ԿطʱЦóŪʲô£Լ׸ĲƲҪ˱᲻ҳ档˵ϹĻʵ۶Ե̫ӵºɸ֣ʵ谮ӡһ֯ɽӽȴ䣬һֽگһ˰ŵһ˼侪衣
˵˵˵ԿطҲЩڴǴеˡ

һһԹ¾ɵƬԼӰӻֻǼգľȫͬڵ
һҹȾˮ̵ˡ
ȪԼļֽΣֻǵӡԼһƬ֪಻֪
ֻΩԸӼܹʵأúûȥ

ԿطùɫӰӰһִİɻֱľ
ڡǿϵ꣬񻹰ڡԿط֪ҹΪЩأֻͻȻӼ֮ٿԼİܣΨҡ
ȥԸ˵καһԾ˰¡

ûʧɱһζ̫Ӳܻù壬ַʽɱ뼽Ҳһܴ
ԿطͻȻЦˣӼΣҺĲͬҲܹױ㽫ȫѹһľϵˡ

ˣԹǰδ֪һ̫ӽ顣
Կطס
ǰ
ŲһͣԿطתûС
ԹԶ׼ʲôô˵̫ӷң
üµشͻȻЦúǵ⣬ѵҲĴ磿ҼȻ˵£һ
ǡ
ɱðǱɱ뼽⻰˵ƵᣬȴԹ嵹һ̫ˣȻŬѹϢһȥ鷳
ԿطЩתȷˣҼɱȻҲ취ɱ֮Ϲո¶ͷǣҸıˡҲֲңֻܹԼԶɣѾû߹ˡԼҪɣ̴޶Ĝ[Ѱ·
Թһ˿ֵɫϸ˼ȫԿطȻܹתɱ̫ӡ⻰ǰ˵Ƶɱնǲ˵ȻþҲ֪̫뼽ɲǼ򵥵ýɫв⣬˵ĺݶԶһʺ硣
ɱ뼽
һʲôԵʣԳУԿطǻĵˣҲǻðյˡ
Ϊʲôĺˣһ˫ԻԥſԿطڵȫĿ侲Ϊʲôɱ̫кκô
Կط֪Ϊ񳤴Ĺе˻ǲϰߡڰ֣ûΪʲôͻȻðӦ





ʮһ һ

ԹüԼǸľӣͻȻ̧ͷ磬ҲϰɣӴ˱´
Կطһͣһɣ־ûʲôģԼĵܵܡڲϡ
Թ֣ˣ
ҸӼˡ˵Ȼ

ӼΡԹ建֣һ·߳ºİ֣ˣһӼΣȻĴıɱļƻܹԸðתɱ̫ӡ
οľʹ˲ףôƾ֤ԹֳҪĶ
ǡ
ع⣬ʢ֮¾ǺҲȻܹܹҡġ

ԹΪǻҹϳȥǾȻûС
Թĺǰˣ׼ſͷڵΧǽһԾ롣
ԹĿͣȻԿطԿطʱȥﶼΣգҹ˳Ҳܱ֤Ƿиǰ׷ɱ֪߶֪ԿطҪ¾İܣһĴѰң˭Ҳ뵽ȻųǣԹϢٴ˻صǼԼ޵Ŀͷ
ϹµһյͶһȦɫӰӣԿطЦһĶָ͵ؿӰ
ºڣȻʲô˶̫ӵ壬Ҳ뵽ǻڰ
Թͷʾͬ

ҹõİ취
Կطժ彣طڴһ࣬ɲ˵ʵջԼ˿һá
ˣʵڲ֪Σյľ´绹ȥ˭
ӼΡ

ҹڶ֣ǰع⣬ӼΡ
Ȼף֪ȴա
꣬Լ
Ӽξкֵˣ
ĵ׵ĵʢԿطܱκסʱ˿̣ȴƾǣ£ǷѾиҪĶ

ֹµԸߣƿľܹԶԶһƬҹĽǡ
ҹȾ÷ѹ;ĹɣůһƮİ꣬ȴһϪﲨۡ
ճҰǷ£
Ը㻹⡣
ԿطͻȻѡ

ҹӼκȻμ١
Ǽεˣһҹյ˰˼ţȻξﲻ԰Ρ˵ΣȴֱʵҪУѹʱ΢䡣
Ӽλعöʻ˯ðȣһ裬۾ƷǲΣȻһβٻ¼
ġճģԣд֣и飬ԼЩ׵ȴѽѽܹڳ£׾ٵصõ˵̡ú뼽ɫһǼʣֻǾʧΪʲôӼκԼһΪʲôӼ⻹ͽǣ
ԼҲҪõͣȴζԣϹңҲֻһ뼽׾ϣʶ޿κΡ
СʱǲԼҲйѹǵˣȴ￴

ʵûй̬ӼΣҲ⡣
һϣ뾪˼ɫĳߵǰ΢΢ƿһЩ峿Ļ㣬һиӲԤ֪ʱ˿̣뼽֪Լ
ô
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˵Ҫ飬飬ҰҲ˭еģӲ˭ƵסҰģ뼽磬㱻Ұƭˣ㱻ѰԼ

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Ӽһһ˵ʱҪȥһˣ־Ӧʱٸġ
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ȷǶʣͬģǲ˵ˣҪõ裬ʢƷһ֡Ӽβ̬ڲʲôȷʵµصԭй켣ϣΨһİ취
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ԼӦӦ˳ԿطֱҪɱ롣
οײƵģԶҲܡ

ҪǣܰȻΪȾ̡˵ҪΪȾһӣ
ϸϸܵض˼ͨ͸䣬ȴӼҲó
ùţȡɹɾĳ£Ļϲమˮ̰ѾԻӣ嵭һֱεһƬ졣

СˡۼʿЩ棬⴩ٳԼӭȥ
ԶԶһɫӰһ·ܽǰֻòʮͣлЩһɫĳɴȺ仹ϵһʯͷܶĲµǡܿʯͷһʺѪһ񣬺ϡ棬˵ŮӢǿ֣˵ƽľ㽫Ĵ֮ʯϡһֱ
һ·ֱСܷˤӣŮӢȴԼֵøˣѵûö׼ʲôϡ档һ·ȥŪЩﻹЦųЩʲô
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ŮӢһЦݡӯӯһ˿ŤԿһʾ̧ͷЦòãŮӢ
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ŮӢһҧ촽۵׶ۣҲִһˮɫǶķ羰
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ӼηƵűĿϢЩߣȫ֮ǰɽ
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Ȼ˵ĵþ֡ʹԹӼһֱɽһֱֻӼεıӰ
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ز֪˵ĵ׵ȴԿطҪԼʲôӼζҪһ£ʵԼһʼ֪뼽ҪɱԼľģ֪ԿطҪɱ

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һĴˮҶ͸㣬ȴվһ档
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˵㲻Ҫǵң˻ڵʱգһֱǵҡ

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ԹһҲȵɽµţһҲȥ鿴ߴٵ˼ֱɽŭĳХ
ԹЦ㱾ͲϹˣνˮһɫ˾һƳԣõǣ㶼е

Կطִȥķ̨һнۣ첻ᡣ
˳Ӽһһ߹ʯף;ɽʧѹһʱ֮δע⵽ʲôԿطֱʯһɫѪ̤
ѪɺԲԥ߹˿δ롣

һտ㲢翴ѩǧ޺

ԹԶԶͨɽʯСתһɫµӰǽüŽȴį⻹ǵһΣۺʱεδԿطʧ䡣
Կط̧ۼԹ壬ԼһֱΣһҹ˼ǧ˺ܶ࣬ɽ»˵ȴ
Կطȥļ籧ǸȷЩ鴦
Թֻ˵޷






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С̺ССéݱ˵ľʱ˳ʰȻԹ廹ڽһʱ֡
ԿطЩʲôһֱ
ǡԸ˲ɽֻõȴ
̨ɽ·ǷֻдһԿطѯǲ̵ˣõ˿϶Ļش𣬡ɽֲ󣬾ôһʯ·ȥ
Թ壬ҹбɫӵȥ
ҹԹǵͷ˼̧ɻҡͷûС
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˭ñԤп죬ȴѪʶѾ䲻ѡƮŵﶼỨ֮˵Ҳ˵ʲôһʱ
ۼԼ֯ȾˮȫܵѪգѾܽκ⣬ŮӢһ˲㣬ŮɭȻȥ򣬹ȥ쳣ӼΡӼΣ
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סβһޣͬͬѨ档

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һʵӲҧţʱ˿̰бһ˳ƽסĲܲڻңǴҷ緶Ƕá㿴˯ǵһΣƽܾӼǾٵˣģﶼʢµ飬Ȼ˯Ҫȳǳױˡ
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ӼԻ޷Ӧظӣ̴ζָǳָ׿ƲסƲͷһ죬ֻݼǵľԭһֱزЩɫӡǣ򣬺ȻѪ˿ڣԵ˺ҧĲԲΡ
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˵ϢԲ֪ǰˮ鲻ܴȥ
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֮ȷʵᣬҲҵ⣬ȰﲻҪ߶ҺЩ˻һ档ӼηԸȥ

գϵ˿ںЩӼܹµ߶
һͷ˿أˮѾüˡ۵ŶǸ֮ϲøӣֻŰѶһԼҲ׷ȥ˭Ű³ȻԼһδҪ
ǳķ粨϶ҪģˮϿÿķˣƺһʱ̲ԼȨ̬Ƕһôǻһʹ컰
յļ尾ֻܸԼΣͲ÷źȥһʮŮӶԳȥЦԼܡ
һҲʮ꣬ô֪δ·һĶʥ飬ΪùϺӡǴôõ˵ʶٹ໤ȥһ֮٣ֵõ㡣Ҳһܻȡʲôοͱ˳Цظͽ޴һһ䵽ҪӼõķϡ
ֱһգۿź䱻˷һ֮룬˵Ǵ˰㲻ֵǮ׹һձǼĿ˭֪
ˮҪȥʲôˣԼĽôһܹ˳ȢúΪޣ벻Կࡣ

һֻͨӣ»صҲϴľѪˮһȭϣؿӼαʬ壬һеһжǵӣĲգڽаżȻй㻹ΪȨƲͬɵӣʲôˣϵУһССƽΪŵʲô˵Ρ
ǼҪŻʲôá
ƮӼذˮ⣬˴ŵʱҶЩԥϻˣּ伤Ψ֡
šһྲ£̫ɥδΪԷҲδɢڼ硣
ľŸոմ򿪣ͿԵӣҲյһƮüˮ֣ô˹ѵѾ׼ԼźȻӼΣˮʱ۵ŭĿ⣬Ҫ
һԵĻæ˲ԵвȥӽӼαԼȷڼ˾Ҫ̸̸Ҳ޴ӿڡ
ֱǰˮֻʣһڲͣؽкӼνȥϣ˲ĵҵŤ
ˮ侲
侲ƨɱ֣ɱ˶Կ㻹̸ܲ侲
Ӽ֪Ҳȥᡣ֪Ϊ¶
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪Щ֮ĹĶǣΪʵˮ˫ֱ۾ȴؿף޲þʹ˽Ӽ롣˵棬ȲҰˣ뽫β˵ҰͲʱȥ





ʮ Լ

ܰİӦúûţɵ¡
ⲻңִ˵ǺЦ㶮ʲôӼΣ߸ϵӰӳעڲ֪ͬﲻյ֪ͣ˶ᶳ÷֪һһⲻΪʱ̫ԲҪϺӣԽ˵Խŭһ۷ڵء
Ӽοӣˮһ޲ʱԼɱǷӣָ֮Ǻáˮã˵
Ҳϻһʹ죬Ȼ߲⸮ھȥҪײһԵǽϣöֻת
ӼüһѰˮáȴԼһᶼǵȻĿǣ˵ȴǰˮһסӼβһζѵˣҪ㲻ɣ׵ؿġˮϣع㵽˵ʲô
ΪܣȻвʲôǰ£һҪͷ㵱Ӧȥ־˵ò죬˿ûʲôвûʲôϬۣȴȫ˵аˮʹһֱʹԼĵطƮƮһص˵ȵӻҪۡ
ӼݣҲõ

ˮЦ˵ĶԣҸúԼܣˣҶúͺ䲻ٷֿȻѾȥˣûжɣɱ֣ӡ
㲻ǺҪôӼ˵ƳԼͷɢ̧󣬰ˮؿһصӼֻǳɫӰӣǰ˾Ͷ㶼Ƿ绪ƺŵλ޹أۺʱεҹȾɵˮɫ뵳̴ɵرܹ˰˵
ˣʱܹһ־ĬΣա

Ǻﶼϣܹȥǻ׹ݣ޲˵һ仰ܹҪҼȻɱ㲻ɱԸʷӼЩ
ŸߵߣΪ˿ذˮľ类ӼЩźûŴأɽãӺɷŵˮѹֺ俴㣬࿴㡣
˵˵ôῴңŭѾ˻ơӼֻñһĺӵҡľϵ·Цˮһ˻УЦʲôҵЦܵõʲôô
Ц㵱ظǵҲǸˣʱȴ˿ЦӼβ԰׵ָ˳·һ·쿪ȥ꺮ѣš˻һӼǣ˭˵Ͳɱңһ˵ǵңȨҿɱ֮Ԫף˳òñ
ȻڹĶԼ⻰˼ðˮһʱӲ²͸һеؿӼ˶޷ж糣Ȼ˵

ˮԳĬ
Ӽεָǡһ÷Уҷ㣬ֻһ
ˮ𾪣ܿȴתԽΪ񡣡Ц˼ڶôᵽ˽ջһ޳ɣɷġӼԭúõ˵Ǽðˮɥʧһϣĵӱ֪Լʹ˵ʲôҲȥ˵ҲٷѴ࣬һʤ߼ǸһЩҲһ¡
ǣģӼһղ㲻Ѱ·˵嵭ɣſָһ仰׹ɢεðˮľ
ľˣһ仰׾ðˮĵЩ̾ͬǴһܹĽ֮٣ʱ˿ӦԼĳˣĳЦȻظȥҲ㲻
ӦǲӦ
ӼΣڵġ
ҴӲϲʣˮʱյһжΪԼˡ㵱ûԼûעʧܡ
ϱݺסٴȻˣ˵öԣԼͺ便ʲôʲô
ãӼΣˮӦ㣬ȻѰһ㸴Ӽβˮһղ
ǰµףָǴʲôĶһ̧ϸϸؿüˮΪҪ˵Щʲôȴֻ˵÷Ⱦﵱ̫˴ɨˡ鳾ҡףſʮָ䡣
÷
ˮ÷





ʮ άٳ

ӼδţƮ񽹼ĿһԼӰȻŻЦ⣬Ʈ£ºúõشһָϽţû£ʲôӼοʮ껹ԣɵðο
ЩصĻ֣ȻǷ˵ĳһʱ֮󰲶ȻЦţҲȫذֿǰΪǸԵĵֻһȥ
ǰһ䣬ɰɡ˲֪ǺãƮֿͻȻر˵ϣӼεһƮʲô
ǺأԹڵҡͷʺ⸮˭˲֪һǾƲܴӦ쳣Ҫϵ˶ǰ͡
Һ̸ˣ
԰д桭
Ӽγûа취ֻüƮвʵվӡ͵Ϊ룬˶ļ˵ű
⻹ã˭ĸۡӼοһԿصˣ˵ȥſ

ӱ⿪ʱ򣬰ˮָ侲ߵӼǰؿһĿͫӣ˵һĿ֮ͫ࣬ӼΡĻ˵ȴһתҴӦ㣬һɱΪԻ㡣
Ӽβ˵ֻǵһЦһͷÿ·˲ҶԣĲ鲻Ը֮ÿۼһ·߳ȥ

ˮӹĻ֦⣬ԴӺ뿪֮һƽ͵عǻķŭҪɱӼΣıؾ֮·Ҫķʽ𣬿ͻȻô쿴
ҪȵµʱӼιĿ࿴Ҳúڤڤ֮вΪԼǡ
塣Լ
ˮЦһ·뿪ȻûһЩȻĳ˽̻
һҹӣȫԼǰʢѸˮͻȻûɵؿʼ޻ţһĿͫӣ֮ࡣ֮ϳ˷ĻȴźǱɫһƣɫ̫ҫۣĲķǡ

ӼЩˣƮŻȥСͯأһֲұֳһֱͨЦҵĵġ
ӱӺЩĳˣȥ˰ҩùŽյҩûȣƮ̾Ϣ޷
ʱٵƮֻģȴ֪ԼĵһճʵѪɽ֮ʱ㵱ʱգǰǷڤڤ֮ע

ҩ֮ӼΰӦȥϺúõЪϢһ˭֪ȥ԰ߡ
Ҳ£ԼϵֲóȥЩʱҲȷġ
ţ˭ܷģƮԶԶߣʲôҲиˡ
㣬β仨ۻ
ɣŮװС֣ĺμ
ǰʫڿӼϸϸ룬ɣŮװ֪ǱߵķΣǷͬһƬ

ĻȾͷŲ⣬ҲûʲôضҪѭ·ߣŴ̧ͷӼԼҲס
ƫԷ

һźبˡ
ûйȥ̫ʱ䣬һ̤ȥȴȻľӼǣǽڣǸ˺ݺݵذԼˤǽϣǵԼµĺۼ
ǵԼ˭
Ȫ
ʹϸϳ˲ԶͷӼվԨǰȻֲִ̣תΪԼ˵ʢ

ǺĿ£ǽǰ淢һжɱԭеĹ켣ײõ֪¹ʣǷļǵֻ߽ȴˡ
ļȶʵ˭Ҳת㲻
ȫһ

ӼƮ棬ƿӵš
ȻǰԼķԸ˺ؿţϴûлӼα۾һеһĿ
Ҽǵ㣬ӼΡǵң˵ǵҡ
Ӽλϣϵ˿Ѿ˲࣬ȴʶۼһάסʲô޺֮󣬻һǼǵ㡣
һԶ˲Կطֻ˵Ҫǵң˿ڻڵʱ̴δȥ
Ҫǵã̴δȥ
˿ڣҲúˡӼθӣո»Ĵضſӳչⷭĳ˵
ٻصӼͻȻһɣڽսܹ֮Լάס߶˸ɾԿطǰЩƫִΪֵӼΡ
˵۾ǽüĵطԿطʵȥ̨
Ūˡ





ʮ 

ٻصӼͻȻһɣڽսܹ֮Լάס߶˸ɾԿطǰЩƫִΪֵӼΡ
˵۾ǽüĵطԿطʵȥ̨
Ūˡ

ͿҪȥǵѩ֮ʱҡ
˭ڽɫŰĴﰵԣչĻϵɫӰӾõһȱĿ
Թۿһ࿴ŴǷϸϸؿ
ֻƳһҲܲµǻ˭嵭ɫҲ֪ŹӰȥֻߵ˼Ǻܲúȴǹעһ
Կطָǿհ׵ĵطۡ
⻭һֱšûĿľ֮Կط뼽ʱľ״Ҳʵڻľꡣ
Űû졣
üѵ¶Щֵ̿ɫȴΪһʲôϸϸؾպá

ǡڴʱһˮÿ֦һÿ˵÷ǰӳĳġ
ˮεֻӣĻϲΪƸ񣬲ȴҲ⡣ѵö޴ƾġ
ɺã
߹˲Щ͵ȵĴʹƣ֪˭ҵĸߵôæͶĵĿ⣬ⷮĶֳճɵɵ￴˵ŽɡǰվʹˣǺѾͷϸ֦ɲ֪ôڷˣƲҡҡͷָʲô
ˮȴֻվ￴¡һеů۱ûгɹԼӲһ־䣬ĸװԼⷢһᡣûˮ⡣
ҪңһܹӼθۣٽƸ㡣֪䣿
ӸǴķ۹Զڲصסġ

һս
ɽɫ֮ٴ麣ȴǺ̫ӴɥһʱǰϢɱ
µһɲ쳹꣬ʶˮ֮˭̳
ӼȻؾȻƫԷȫ˾⡣߳ȥںľš
ĺǣʱ˿̣ķ£
ƮԵȴԵʣԹߵüǲٻ
Ӽ׿һյıЩˡʹһζ

ûߡ

ʱڣղƹ顣

ǧ
뿪ȥ಻ֻǵƹ

ƽ婵14ѾܳϽ
Թʿǵпʱ˿ԹŲӿȴƽ˷صܣòɹ˵ĴѲһգԿط鳯֮±ҪԵĴ¡
ǽ®ݵһ·ֻýԶԹзǻҽϴݣɵص®ȴǻŽգǼ߹ķӶ캨˯֪ⲻĿˡ
һСӲģСһķ٣úţոմӿıתﻹŸССˣһǶִŵҪܿ
Կطס"ʲô"
ǺԱŻˣֵؿϵĽ""ü⻻Цգ"ôˣ£Ұ˸ɺã"
ϵСѾòӣӼ˸ί۵׶ᣬ"Ƕǻˡ"
"˭ǻˣ"
"˵ܳ˶ǻˣǱúõǡ."ѽѽؿšһ˫СػӴ
ʱ˿̾ٴ֮սѹȥһˣѾȣԹ忴ϵСҲ޷ָһ˲֮ǰ
չůůõһ󣬸ͻӣԭﶼϹǧ괺ĽɽɵطҪͳȥ˭ܸģϹĹȻģԴ
"彣ˡ..أ˵Ƕɱ˵ģ"Ӻ£Կطֻ÷"ģ"
ҡҡͷ˵ӣԹȥϵ۲ɾ"û££ؼȥ"
Сһ·߽





ʮ ɽӰ

Կط˷Ѱܲδʽж˽뿪ֲ֪ؽʮݵд˳ջ˶ǻҪڱΣһʱֻ·ѰסŸϻ꾩ȥ
һѰ˼ҵúᣬùŸɾӣһֻǵӱ֪ܳˣʱ޻Կطر޵⣬սսöסǰСڡ

"ڳӺְ"Թ˱֮ټȴǳĬöˣڳɳԵʣԿطܾƶʱԼʱ˿ͻȻԿطһȴҲδ룬"˾ʴ˲˳⣬®ǡȥлˣԺȥݷó"
ԹĿָֻܿ糣""
"ǣɮдżȻ֮䡣"
ԹȻʲô㣬"ף澲ʦշתϡԳЩӡ"
"ǡҰ֮Ů֮ʱüס֣˵ס־ȻṩϹѰ㡣סԳ棬ȻѰҲûȥݻм"Կط⳷彣һȴɾ֣صĲš
®볲ݽĳȥ

㲨һľԶԶȥֻõһƬΪľש΢΢¶ա
νԧ߲գ״ľ࣬˵ڻϹ֮ʱŷ̵ĹؽɣʯΧƣ̬ʯʨԶ֪ȷǷһʱˮԣɽˮӳȤ

"ʱӡȴöˡ"ԹҲȻЩпʱӰ֧ǲôţ"Ҳ֪סǷ񻹼ǵҡ"
ԿطȴЦ"Сʱһίģô᲻ǵãлдܱ棬佱㣬ҷ߷߲ƽ֮ʱܰһ밲οҵ飬ʵЦ"
Թ˵꣬һ˿΢Ц"Ĺԭӡҵǰû"
һҶɴ밶ػˮ˵̸ںɽɫ֮ò⡣
صˮȥż£Կط¿"˵ôΣǷĻԹޣ"˵ԼһЦȷʱԼ׽ŪΪȤ
ԹȴЩ޴룬۾סǻȥٲͣ˺һ̧ͷԿط"磮"ȴû뵽Լһ˲ãǽüЦøӿġԿطָԼ˵"ԶԶԣ⸱ӣֻüܰô궼ûб䡣"
Թ峤̾һҲЦ"㰮ùȡЦð˿ܰ磬ʵھΡ"
ԿطʹļͷһʱЦűҡβľȴЩƣ"ӣ㻹žͺá"ԼһӼλ᲻ţ᲻ǵԼǲĻԡӼΪţôôϵʱһҹҪǵԼ

ҹȾˮ̰Կط·ڻϹѪ̴ȴǣΣӴٲӼΣ֣ȴǾ˫һ
Թ嶨ؿɫãο˿ڣ"ϧ罫˱ˣȻһ˫طҲֵļ"
һ仰˵ԿطЩھΣ򲻸ýϵ˱ˣο
ŹЦ"֪Щ죬ֵ֮轲ЩӴ˴һбһУҵõսս"
Թ尲οЦ"޷ϣø"

תۼ俿˰һխխ·쿪ȥͨï֣ܵңңܹӲľ϶ǻֺĳǡλڵģʶׯء
Ƕϰڶɵķҵ˫ֺʮл֮һߡϷģľɭɭڶϣԹظ۾ֱֱؿ࣬Կطһ֮ʼΧǸȤ˵"Σꣿ"
ȴǱһعͷ"ҼǵƬӡ"Ȼ˵ӡڣԿطʱͻСʹӡҲģԹԵǰ·"ǰӸʮʮ֮ʱˡ"





ʮ ˭ǰԵ

ԹȴЩ⣬"ɲ֮ˡ"
"õ½ڶʹĿжţ"
ԹѸٵҡҡͷǰԹԵؽţ"˱Ҵϲ٣Ҳ꽻νڶʹ֮Ůִˣ㡣˵ܹõȫżȻ"
Թ겢ʲôпɫⰲظл汣ӣԿطɵЦתߵſڡ
ߴİɫľԶһԺҪֺö࣬ѹֽϱ֪⣬ģΧɼûʼɹǧ˷徻֮أԼ徻ΪǱеļǰԹĳҪһµĹģЩڸ
Թͷ𣬿ߵŵĽüȴ˿ûокβףϾҲ֪֮£ûȤ˼ࡣ

"ҵԶѰþ´ʦʦжٴΰݻᡣ"Կط˵Ļ́ȴǿŵСɮʶؽһЩҧڿ
ԿطЩѰҲСɮĿ￴ȴûһʲôûС뿪ѯʣСɮȴŴ򿪣ǽ
"ôʦɺã"
СɮȴǰͷأŲ˵ԿطѯֻǻͷѸٵһۣһƣٲ϶ԡ

ֻøϣ˱СɮǰԴ
Թһ·Ĵʲôٽ֮ʱȻ˿֣"磿ﰲòѰ"
ԿطҲʼɻδ룬һŹ֮Ůʱνʢڵɮ˸˾ȴҪڽա

Թһ·һ·ɫ۽ȴһֱƳľӡ
ʮʮġ..
ڶʮŸ
һ˵ǰвδֹͣԹ岽ȴһͣͣһӵĹѾڶʮŸϵͼ
ԵǳǳؿϵĺɻȴƲɻȴȱһ룬

Թ۹һ첽׷ϡ
ǰһòľ޴סǰ·ԶԶһ᳤ƣӦǾѾ̸ʱ֪ڻҲ᲻ֻ·ͷ
Сɮ֮ͣǰԥ֣ͷ۾ȴһǶˣԿطСɮӰӣһʱֱ治Ŀ⣬ֻΪǷ˼ֵóȻЩ֪룬οϴϹսбȷʵף׵ɮ˶°ɡ
ԿطԹ"´ʦںδ"
ԹȴСɮ۹ǴԽֱֱؿԼ´ɻȫע⵽Լϵ̴ľӡ
⣬Թ̧֣ڻ£ľͷǡñǿһ࣬Сɮз԰ԼҲǷӵܣԿطһҲЦ"ɷģʧɢ˷ѰֻΪлʦ⡣"
ԹҲأԿڣ"ԹʣࡢࡢࡢࡣߺΣ༴Ƿ࣬ࡢࡢ༴ǷࡣԹʣһ࣬"Զ𶥵¥ббؽͶ¾޴ůӰһʱ֮䱻ԹǶһ㵭Ľɫׯضྲ
һʱܹü˵ͳзĹȴֲ֪ǴӺδԿطӵؿŹ壬еĻԶ೤޴׷ݣ֮Ѫܸɿһ˿ǣοرشԼ"ҵֳ"һ仰¡
Ǽ򵥵һɣҲΡ
ԿطͻȻãӼ֮ԼԸȥ⡣
һǲأ

һԵСɮԹ˵æ˫ֺʮ"᣺"ǣǣ˵Ǿη֪ΪϣСԹʣᣡ˵һۣǵһۣһۡ"
ԿطȻǲ𾭣ŹСɮ˵˵ҲĽţʱսȷʵ®ݺڽĸ˹Ӱ
˭֪Сɮ̬ת䣬һʱϵȫޣЦؿԿطԿطΪҪ˽ȥ˽¿ҶС·Ϊȵ˱޴ж򣬷ֿ쿪ȥ
˼ŻȥСɮȻÿǰԵ
ԣ֪⡣
"ʩ󷽵С·ڴ֮"
ԿطȷʵЩˡӰأĺ˿ж졣






ʮ ǿ̬ͷ

Сɮ˸ϻŵĵطš
߽ȥȴһССԺ䡣

ԭµɮ˶ۼڴ˴вһʱ֮仹ΧԱ;ᦶȥע
ιʣ
ԿطǰСԺڵİŴ

һԺɮĵΪףоľ֮˷
ͻȻĽ룬һСɮѯʡȴЩźҡҡͷ

ԿطҪ׷ʣȴתȥ
ǱŵĽǶȣ֮˵òӱӰߡ
һ
Сɮܹ·ʩһԴ
֣´ʦںδ
һǰ£ôͻȻͻ?´ʦϵãƲǸղǰ͵ɮߡ
"·ִ٣ʩ֪"
"ιʣ"ԿطѾʼͷҪ֪׷ʲôˣԹһֱĬں󷽡
"ҹʦԲˡ"

ԿطĽŲȻһͣĹȴδʲô̫𾪡ҡͷ̾ϢĬЩʲô
"סǾʦ档Դδɡ"

´ʦͻԲŶȥ
ԿطֿȴҲ벻ΪΣ˺εǻ

һССȴĻΣԹббؿͶչۣЦ䵭
ӷ
ҪһȡԶʲôʱԼʼԹһȴȫ̳
ϲζȴ˿ϰ

ĽŲᣬԿطһλ֮ɮˣŽĺӸλǰʩԿطһµؿȴߵһЦǽš
ʱǱʦɮԵע⵽ԹϵľЦݶ
ǡ..ᵽ˰ɡ

ڵԹµشţܻڽáⳲܹսкõõıɣʵǼϡ顣
ĳǾ´ʦĹѣżȻôʦѰʧɢİܣѰ˸лȴδ뵽
·ͻȻʩعһ޲Բ޲ƼšʦѾǼ֡
һʱЩϵѡ
λʩǡ.
ǰܣ˵ҲзԵϹﳤ񡣡
աʩüĿγӡԵϵԵ֣ʩպԵҷˡ
ԿطЦȻԵȥС

Թһۿţε͵治̸֮ȴֺ
ǵʱ򣬾Ŷؿϵľ
ԿطѾȥȻùûиٶȷء
ڵԺƸл棬ԹδȣһȴСɮ죬һʱԿطҲؽȥ˽̸ſڡ

ȥЩʲôȴǴ飬סָģ
ţ˵ʱڴסգȻҼǲ˵һ֮ԵȻҲ澲ʦ£ҵʦ塣ǰԵԽձҺ

Թ岻ٶ˵Ĭ

ǽüһ·߳ȥɫ΢΢ԣһʱ֮Կطִʱʱػعù尲Ȼظں棬һ˫ȴİޱȡ
ƺټǸʲô
мʮǷķϣѪĸоܲģΪʲôԿط˵ֻһֱ
СʱԼϻعͷȥΪ֪һֱ׷ԼųȴԿطһֱΪԼİ
ȻټԹЩ޷ȷеĶ壬ʹŰիϰߣʹӱеøѵ
Щһˡ

ԿطֻѾһľӾͿԶסġ
ͻȻʼģǷĸԼ

һ죬᲻ɫԽȥ뷨ľ

ԭ·أһҶȻȥ
ɫͷһʱˮ±һ飬ԿطߵߣǴظп㻹ǲǵãʱǵһҹվԺǿ氤ñպþܿϸϸعӰө档̧ܰͷӰҾЦ㣬ö˾ḯ
˵ԹԵЦһҶСˮԹӰ趯һΡ
˭ڳβѣ






ʮ 粨ƽ

ԹҲЦǿˮĬȻһʱڻ䣬ԿطЩźȷǹȥ̫ãµļ¶ģѰˡǵ֪
δ˵꣬ȴԹϣˣһǵöʱԺǿҲùܼǵʱߴޱȣһҹӰ֮¹Ϊÿ
ԿطڴӼڳϸ֦ĩڣػЦһο
Կطûʲô飬ֻǺźˮĳʪζˬǳ˰
һ仰֮޻ӦĬ˰һؼľӵ˼ҡ
ߵò죬ԹսǴ飬һһŵָɫ︧ȥޱȡ
һšǱЩʲôͼ
εסڴ粽롣

СԺ˱ЩˣҲԸԣʾȥáִȻڣȴǴΨ˼޹Һþƺò˵رֻλϽȥ
ۣȥȡɡ
á
ԿطϲӦ˾䡣

ԹŶĲһ˫ճ˰ӡǿŷ飬һֱԥ
ƲˣһأԼǶϲԻģԿطҲףֻҪ

ԹվխСĳָ΢΢һֻŰķ顣
ĵľͷССǰɫĩָԹæƿЩ۹ޱȣΪ¶׼ļ̲ȡ
˻޷죬ԿطϢһ˲ľѡԹݺݵǲƵ飬ǰĻȴԼͯʱİǸˣһڴˡ
ƾʲôܿڿԼġ
Ϊиøô

֮⺮ֱָ֣ľŵġ
ԥĽڲ
һ˫ŷ˲ָ£Թ峤سһͻȻԿطǸʱɫ
Ǹظˡ
飬ݵ¡

ǱˣҲԹԸһģգľӵˡǸڴŵĺӣԹȥ֮顣
ԹֽǷķĩƲ˳ųĺӳȥӽһƬݲݵ

ԿطҲʧ
Ľ˲ջء

Թֶ𷹲ˣһƿţ˽¿ĵض߻ȥ
ڵԿطϸϸؿǽУһЦʾϱáԹ̹Ȼվһ࣬롣
Կطһ˫۾ֱֱضȴ˵ùЦԳի־ƣصǡöľˮҡβɫԳ˵ݶ
ԹͷȴĿղͬȴЦòɫ绹Ǳǿˡһ˫һֻڣͷҪ
ͻȻһ˲䣬Կطӱùϵĳֱֱָ壬塣
ԿطЦǴľЦ
绹ǿڳ֮ˣ
ԿطֳֻֽһƣһǰԴЦ˿ûʲôңϰߵɫĲӣϵľۡ
ԿطĿ⿴뱳ô
ԹҡҡͷǴȽ޹ǰ̵ˡ
ɱңһڵϡüɷȻ𣬡Թ壬һϽһ塣ǵĳˣǸܿ޳ĺѧȡ֮
Թҡͷÿ˶޿ɴ档Щ飬ȡ˾ͿõġԼ˵ͨ͸ȴͬǸһڴ
ԿطָһϵĲˣΪʲô²ȥ֣
ԹĿһתȴֻһ˼װĵطССһıԵ¶档ԭͬһҲ²ȥ֡
ԿطѭĿ⿴ȥһ໬Թ徱ϻϸ΢ѪֿۡԿطȴһ仰ġ,ǲһ
Цɣ..һôô磬ȴΪ²ȥ֣̫ЩȣԿطĶȴܹƻ˲оԼܹżǹɹ˻ǵ̴ǣȥĸоʵպޡ





ʮ ʾ֮

Цɣ..һôô磬ȴΪ²ȥ֣̫ЩȣԿطĶȴܹƻ˲оԼܹżǹɹ˻ǵ̴ǣȥĸоʵպޡ
ԿطŹ壬Ѫۣ塭..
Һʹһ顣ֳû֡գɱ˹ǡ
Ϊʲô볲йأ
ǰˮ׵ĲͻȻˮƮȴոˮ档д˶Ǵ˷ȥ˰ôһ·֣£ȵȺܶ罥ܹü״ȴȻ
ʵԡĴҪպһΪǹ屻ϣȷʵͷҷˡ
Կط

óǲƵķ飺ڰңʹ뿪֮ػȥѰֻ֣ЭֻҪԿطϢʣô֮Ľڶʹһжƽơ
ϾʮȥˡԹֻһڷĺӣԿطֶΣο಻ɿ
û뵽һʼı˵⡣
һ·֪֮ǽͷ佫ܷõ½ڶʹļ˵ηЦص

̧۶˿ڣ̾
˽ǹ鿴ˣȴްССĻˡ
Կط۵ЩѹСʱ򱻴۸һܳȥϥ޵ӣҾ˵۽ʲôȴЩʧ֮㡣
֪꣬Ҷ㲻
ԣһͬ£Ҫԡ

ôܰء
ǸһֱԼĺӣ˳üۣҡͷʶ顣ᰲؿԼȭԼ
ӡǻ⡣

ʲô壬ݺһݱΧŨҵĺ죬ԿطʲôҲ塣
һֱôţԼߵ嶼
ŵܳȥ֮󣬽ϱҵ˲ʲôͱǵ˳˱ϵ
ʵǻ׶࿴һ۵ʱ䣬Կطƫƫһ·ǡ

ССһƲˣԹ廹ϰԵسأ嵭Ĳɫö˸Ӳ֪οڣ壬ҡ..ǻ־Լ˵ЩԵö࣬һʱ¡
Թȴ̹Ȼö࣬Զƶʱų֪˵£ȷֲô磬һǰҷȱҵüǺԴ˹ȫĸ磬֮£塭
֪˶ʵף㲻ǷˣƫҪĥӡһжԣպͬġ
ԹϵľҡɴžĹ˫һ

Թ忴ﰵ̾һúõػҲ볢ȥѧᡭ..ڴЦ˳ĺΨһҲԼЦʱգԼȴҲȤ
ԿĴ磬ӮӮ¡

ửۡ

СӵӰӣտĺ԰Ҷأﾰɢ곤һЩɮ˺Щ±ǲСɮЩ˶ȣЩδǷ˳ңÿձľɨЩߴľƮĿҶһȥüѵ졣
кӣʮͣһü˳ŸľСɮ˿ȥСЩҲδȡɨѶҪ߹ǡ
ȥ󾲻ʦ˷ŰɡԴһЩҪһԵóȵöࡣ
ɨЩȣҪ
Ϊʲôʦϲ㣬˵˲Ըңȴġ
˺ҴһȡЦҡ
磬ôõĻΪβ㡣ʲôôģնûӰ
Ҵ罫ǸӢۣӢ۶ҳȥ

ԳĺӷĳЦѵĿҶҲס죬һ̨µþջã˿ʼΣһʼ
ɮ¥׼ӣĿ˶˰㣬ѭû·

㲻ϱˡ
..Ҳǽˡ
ǰʲô
žʦڳסЩӣ֪ô԰..






ڰʮ ӻƮѩ

ҹʼвҪȥ
ϵľľɫԳĦĹɫӵۿư˯ʶȴѣչҪԿطϣպԤ֪һжٻͰϵ˭˭
ܹܲΪ㣿

һֱƲȥһֱΪǳɵ棬ȴͻȻʼĽ㡣
Կط˯࣬˯֮Уǵڲࡣ
û뵽ĸ硣

Ϻúõػ䣬ǱҲǽ죬Ϊһĺ֣ĸ˫͵¡ͼǲãȴԵĺرȥܸԸһӳΪԼƤܵͷﲻաձҪľо
һһŵȥչǽͶǳǳӰӡ
ǰǸīдľ޴֣ܳʱ䣬ֱϵӰ֪ʱ䡣Ҳòľ㣬Ҳ顣
ôȤӣֱһ˵ĵ

Ǻӱ˴ʱһԴЩӣȥⴿ޺ģԼ˻ġ
λʦָԼ߽ĺӣǷ˴ڷʡֻһоáգȥ֡
ǺӱԹԵһԵϿģдţɡ
Լ޵ҲǱͽеģ
ҲС仰شѸ˼ӣʱ˾룬⺢᲻ҲҪЩɮ˺
ôˣСؿʡ
ֻ꣬ҪľϣʦͲᷢ͵Ъһʲôάûϣ΢΢̧Ӱվʹضţ˴գȶˡ
㲻ʲôԼʶС
Ǳʦġ
أ
ǡӵԳѹѰˡ
ҲǱˮãֲľ㣬̧֧סԼԴЩˡسԼӱסɵƣǵöĺһ󾪻ţƴſڿ
ˮǺˮ..֮Ѱˡͷţһֻȴһϵʲô
ľ˺뿴ڻʲôһʱֿʲôô
һã
ˣ̾ĵʲôʱأֻǸոѣͻȻһ硭..
Ҹæɺãһ΢ЦƻŶǰСк
ðӴʵ߹
ľ㣬ֻҪһֱűͣͺãʲôҳȥϸéޣϱǧͣ
ǴԴӵĺӱһѳľǰ˵ʲôѾյſʼãԣˣл۸װģ
͵͵˳ǽȥ

ǺӱԹԵصé޻ľһֱţʦǰ߹֪Сӻ棬ĵȥһֱõɽ
ٵεʱȥǺӾȻһֱľ㡣Ϊʦȥ
Ϊʲô
ûзʵˣôȥɽˡ
֪Ǻûʲôֵı飬˰ɣʦ᲻Ҫˣ
㲻ô
ΪʲôҪһǰҴдֵģҲдãұ͵͵дͳȥ档дúЩͲˡ
ιңұѣʲô֣
Թ塣أ


֮󣬽ӱȤЩˣǺһͬȥɨԺӣ߸ߵɨѱЩȴһ˿
ȴܴŸԵóصľӡԼʹֻ˵Ǻʹһģֲǲ֪Ӻ˵ҡҡͷ˰ա
˭ܰ˵
Ҳһ..ȥ
ǵǣһ˿ɲɵʦ㣬ȴԸȥʽӣоǿҲܺùһֱӻɡ
Ҵ֪˺Уһ˵û
ߣҵУϧǳȥⰲ£ȥҲǶʲôá
ûϵȵҴҵҴҳȥʱҲһ߾ˡ
ʱɨѲС˺ܴĻҳǺıӰȴ߳Ϊʲôôã
㲻˵ô˵ӺӦ塭
úúá..ˣ˵˵







ڰʮһ Σͬ

һϷĺһʱúܶ˼ҵĺӶʧȥ˫ףһʱ֮ж˺ܶ޼ҿɹ׵Ĺ¶
ԹԲϷˣĬ˵ϡŹֵزԸȳңڲҵķΧһЩСɮ˱ʦ˵ûзԵԸΪȣֻͬһ۵Ĳ£ǰֵĺӣһ˼ɣĺӴһ𳣳ǳЩ¶ˣּ˷ǰĳƣʦͷһΣ´ȴȻǲá
ԴЩСĳͷأ޷ǾоľĲ±䵽Թϣÿȥɽץ汻סľ㣬ң⡣

µղԶȥľ𾭿纣
͵͵ڷ˯ţģԹ壬Ǽģ֪˭ͻأ˾䡣Ϩ˻ķ˭Ҳ˭ı顣
ǣҺʹһġ
ǰ϶ܸ󿩣ҵǰľҿɷֱĳľĺû̴ľӡ
ֻ֪͸ҵľͷ͵˶ٴ򡣺
Ŷ..Ǻö..˭ܹ͵͵ȥˡ..
ոۣȴô˵Ҳ֪ԼʱΪʲôԵʣͻȻѿڶ˯ɣű˵Ķʲô
ԷԲְʲô£⻰ʲô˼ʦԽ˵Խ˹˲䶼ͳͳ죬۾װ˯
һҹ¡

ڶ˵Щʲôһл㣬磬ǡĳλүķƽʦǰȥˡ
԰ǼСɮѵ͵Уڷ֮ǰżϷߴĶƽüĿȻȱɱܿܿԹֳڱǶƯĲʻڻңԶȴֱܷЩڣ롢ǻɫ¹Ἲˣһ˴ȱȡ֮ҽ̻塣
ȴͻȻ飬Ž£Ӻɽȥ
ȥʲô
Թ嵱ӣû´ǿϺõ̴ľ.˵ѹЩȴø
Թ͵ֱӣֻסԱãԶһЩ
Сʲôòû˿
УҺʹһġ
ǿ
ԵִһͷԵСɮܹȥı۾ҪԹϸ͵ؾסһʹӾ
ؼǵãһμǸ۵ҲзŭһֱԹ嶼ǰģĬ÷ŷ𲻴ڣԼȥˣʱɵΪԼľоӶԵЩɵһֱЦĴȴû뵽ԭҲСʱ
ΪʲôǸӶҪ

һ˫Ŀۼ˫ױˮߣۼ׹ǣһ̣ȴͻȻܼԹķŭ
ǺȥЩСɮ
θأĵ׵ȴִֻ֣ǲ뿴о֪ʧȥһʱľҲǿΨһۼݶΪԽͻȻǸ޺ĺҲıˡ졣

ԶԶִϹɮˣ˽ŲЩעСɮѸٵߣȴֻʣǶˡ
̱ڵϣǻѪعͷȴǺӵıϱȫӡ˸ڸ߸ߵżϣǱˤ棬ͷƤϸϸܵѪ˿
ԼҲÿεؿЦʦϹһȴأ˿Ρ
߼ӣӳľ̴ľֳµĳءŲϸϸزãǺڱĳ
ʦ̧ۿһֻ߻ȥԹŸϲ֪룬ᡣ
곤һЩĺӳ̾ûи߹㣬Ӻɷ޵ġ㡣
ɿŸ֣ҧ´ؿˣ㡭ô
ҡͷ


ʦ׷ʾʲôּýϵŪǶѿһʱ˭Ūģô£
ʵԸ棬˵һж˫ΣһҲùȴͻȻƵһߣԹظʦһжĴ뿴ҵӣҾ͹ⲻˣŤģ

Թ屻ڷſһҹʱ򣬽Ǹӡ






ڰʮ ʾǰ˼ϣ

յҹƲڴϸϸȷѲ֮ĵȥһ·˳µӰ͵͵ǰ
һССӰɫӳĵóҡҷĹӰޱʥ࣬ʼͬʦĻĲʺ϶ţʱ޿̶Լ
ˣ

߹ȥʬȸĹ̫ˡ
Ǻ˫ֺʮعڵϷʡȴֻԡ
ȥɣһҹʦ鿴ҪܷˡӰȰȥ
㷣Ҳϰˡ
Թ۾ǵˣȥɡҵĿĲǰ׷ѡ
һʱ޻ֻΪβ˵ȥأҪܷһ𷣡
Σһܷøˣ
ᡣ
ԣû塣ԹԵø侲ͻȻһӵý޷ֻ÷߻ȥȥ
˯ŵģ˺ҹԥ˴ȥȴʹȥѰԹҲҸԼӻģαء
˼ȥ֮ͻȻꡣ
ģˮ˵Ҳ룬ٶȥϵĸоһҲá
ǺӹȻǷǰ棬ؾôĬĬЩʲô
ˣȥɡˡ
Թ岻˵
߰ɣһҹҪˡıۣ˳ʹȴԸһʱȫ䣬ľӿ治ϲ£ԹʶȻ֣һ뿪Լ
Ҳɿ֣Σ

Թ岢ȥ
Ȼ£˵˵Ĺ£ôҪ
Ǻӱ۾˺ܾãֻǵͷΪ˵ʲôˣҲתڷȴֻĺͻȻڣڣһѰҡ
㲻ںһӣȴͻȻܹҲһԶߵУԹ廹ļ֡
ҲһҸ顣

ʱţʵſָסһ̫չ±ӰΨβһ˾ͺá
ڴʱܺЦʱȴǾȶȡ

࣬۾УͯӰ
εãԼȴҲܵõ

ҹɫħȣǶۣȴõǻԵ۵üĿԴЩɮۼֲȵĺӣҲ½ܶµҺ塣
ʪ˵ϳ࣬һƬɫѪ
ˮǿʪ¶ڸǵò¶ۼ

ԭ˵Ѫûп£˵ӺɷһС˱㲻ޡ
Ҳޡ

أ
ǺӵԹ廹һ˯˺ƽȣȴ֪вʱǰѽҪ˵
ˣֵֵ㵽Ϸڴ

һ꣬ԼʱǺѾȻڵϡȥʱͫӳůůЦ⣬һƽﰲĬɨԺӵʱԹ廹Цúܸɾ
ôˮˢ˺ա
׵ĺӽӵһ𣬽ץǸɵӣΪʲô˵
ˮǵ嶼ûκȶȣǽŬظЦĪůϹɽҰӻţһۿȥ;㡣
㱼ԼںˮжصǿȥԼץǴ׳֦ΣҪǵץҪκˣҪǵãȥ
ȷʵûйκˣȲˣؿǱˮߣȴûпޡһԶûеıֻ̣ǽͻȻףҪţҪۡ
ߴɫĿȴ˵ľȶȣݺݵضתȴ˵ѪȥڵҹʲôҲҵӰˮˢ÷˵˻
˵Թ˵
ӵ촽΢ȴֻü̫ĻǳƵĹӰǷڣְҹСɮҹǷ͵

ǻţҪˡӲġ
ôԹĴʲô
ҹհϻȥеĺӶԹĸѪڵϴĿġ




ڰʮ¡ʾǰ˼У

ʦѸ˿ڵʱŷ֣Թ帹һ֦ḷ̌ⲿǱ۶ϣŲԣԹһ
ϵ亹
ͻȻһĻԼתѰʱԹ˸ڸ߸ߵżϣǱˤ棬ͷƤϸϸܵѪ˿ḷ̌żϾʧޣһˤƼģԹ屻ǲ֪Ƶڵأḷ̌ʱ۶ⲿһЩ
Ȼһʼ۽Ứ
Լ˵"ûи߹㣬Ӻɷ޵ġ"Ǻҧ촽е⣬أ糤Ĵʹĵؿڣһ仰ȴѯԼ"㡭..ô"
Ӧע⵽ģʱԹֻŸ

Ӳ԰׵촽ѪɫΪһҹ귢ա
ʦǲ˵ȴҲȻ⺢ӵ屾ͲһڣȻһʱ̻֮ǣǲˡ
Ǿʦؿһ죬ĬĬ͵͵С˴ȱΪο⺢ӣһִġ
Ŷ⣬ϥڷ֮µӰһҲһ졣

磬̫ҫۡ
˵ƣǰܳߣ»֪ǰ򣬽ǣ֪ǡ
֮»кδնĪǱ޷֮徻أǽ̶شιҪеĳͷ
ֻΪЦͯССĳͻôôǰǷ𲻿ˡ
ʱĵԣδıѾʼᷳһصѪţı
ǲˣƫƫҪһչ֮±ӰĵױǣԶҪͣıڣܾĿأתûϵ
汯ȴҲ֡

հʱ򣬺תѣ嵭˿ζİʣЦݻڡ""Ϣϸ˿ȴǺܺãýŭһȭĴϣ"ԹװĶʲô˲ô˵ô"
"ҡ..ǰҲֱŪԼ˵ССС˲ڵȥο"ǣ˿ڣ΢΢ü"ο˵ء..˵˳ȥء"
˶Ȼǰء
"°ɣʦ˵Ҫ²ˡ"һڽ־˵ʵڶǸЩڣʱԼҲǸӣܾӦðοߣΪĸɢ֮󣬽ѧԼǿںκĴһȴʰĵٴ죬ҪȰοˣһʱҲĻ
Թͨ͸ǣһ˿΢Цܸɾɫ"û£㲻ôѹı飬һûأ绹Ҫҳȥġ"
Թ΢ӱѹסֻʣݵĹͷػζϸСĻýѹ߹ȥߣϺõ̴ľ"ǾúЩˣҽӵĹ°ɡ"
ԹЦ"ðҪ˵ȴ҆¡"
ݸһЩˮ͵͵˵޷ǾСʱľ£Ҳй֣ǳֱöһ顣ֳһӢΡһкӵƤͯ꣬Թ˵Լ飬˵ԼСʱ룬ʵܼ򵥣Ҫ̤Ŵ㼣
ԹҪͬһ
ÿ˶Ϊ˫ǶΪ͵˵ϵľ϶ԺܷҪ˫˫ӣ̴ľһóԸӾ죬ʲôɵãʲô
ԿطԼĵܵ¹ԶҪ¡ڵһе佫
Թףģɡ
ˣÿ˶ԼĴ档

ʱ˿̣ǸӵݴʱյԹᷭĿ濴ǰˣ磬ʵ㻽ǸӵĿ
ޱҹɫ
ҪĻкܶࡣ룬ޱߵУǸӵɣأȫӡ˻ЦȴԼʧ˺ѾʮĽץϢѹ֡Թٽ˥ߣһҹĴ͸Ⱦĳʱ֮ļ޷ȫȻڿҩǲ˵οǸ˼СɮôЩ꣬ǷĿ
Ӧúôʱʱ롣





ڰʮ¡ʾǰ˼£

Ǻ뿪ҲǸ󣬺ͯĲ
ĹºܳӰԼ̯ϵĴһੲûֹЪΨһͬıǣ츻ԣֶȴֻסı롣
۵ڷǰҧȥȴ־־ٶĳֲʩûдһ㺢ӵ˳£෴ĳɳֻܼҪȥϧ֪޻ԵҲ˵عƧ
ͬʱվԹʹ̣Ŭ֮ԿıӰҪԼȥ
ӣȾҪ̧˫֣ȴֶȻ˻űǹ¶ÿ˶һ˹¶صһ˹¶뿪;羰ֻǶͣȴΪ˭ľȶȣ಻ܡ
Լ侲ֲ̣ȴֿϵľлѪԹ廹ܹڴԼأｭ£ݲССһΪԹ塣
ʱʮĽվڷǰۿǰʹıվδȥ
Ҳ붮һ˳ܣδѰ㣬ҲŬԼĻȥ
ظǰˣ쳣侲ؿڣ"Թ壬Ƕǿ档"
鴤ԴЦ"ҡ硭"
δ˵꣬ĽˤŶȥ

˱ʦֵǰԳ˺ɽܵһʯ˻𣬲־䣬ֻǵر̫ãҪͷţƣɽµ˼ɵΪһΡ
̫ƫƫֲκǰ֣Ҳں

һֱſ죬ʶģеˣ⣬ոҪ˯ȴϵм٣ǹ񷵻أֻһֱֻӣСʮʱ͵͵ץĻ˷˴䣬һҲһ˳ʱŸҲĸʦֵܼ˵©졣
ʱ˿ȴôȥԹÿ£ٺЩˮһŶΰ͵˥ø졣
Ҳö룬Լƽ˽һסֻҿƧ˻죬͵Щΰͳ棬չȥţȻ㡣
زŴȥ

Թ徭סƣۣÿΡ߹ȥѰͻȻǻص˳һա
ƭԹΪԼľ㣬Լӳȥ˴ܻʱ򣬱Ҳʱһ㣬嵭ȴƶľԼ߻ȥ
һһжһֻ԰ľҲԶҪࡣ

ƿŽȥʱԹϵз𾭣ﲻסû
Ǹ޺ĺ񳤴󣬹޳ȴΪʱĴ˶ԵôЩͽһߣͬŹžɵɮδȣһʦҲ˷˴ˣʲôòϵıȽϣĹѵͲѬȾ˵Ӷĥò࣬üĿҲֶԣ˶һףޱϲŷ𾭣ܲʲôֺ

ȥְסľ㣬"Ъɡ"
Թܱտռտζü"ôûˣǱʦοǷ˴䡣"ƽ͵͵سЩʲôԼȥɽջ˵ӣȻ˻
"ġ"öԣͷҲ̧ӻóڻðŰֵݸ
Թֵؿ"ǲЩģôŷҪң"
ЩԸ˵Ȼ˵ԼҲûԵԹǲطЩһʱסҲ֪ڵõ
վǿӲ"˱á"
ԹЦ"Ī֪ҵգ"
""ֵס"ҡ.ˣҸҪԵ"ǹĵػȴҪ˵ӲԹؽ˹
Щգ˽գҲã㵱ˡ
Сĵ˺һ⣬խϸýֱѾγԻ磬ȴسһ£ס漴˵ʲô"Ҳܡ"û˵꣬ӱҲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲô"ʲôܳԲܳԵģȥǵĹأֻûܽ䣬˵Եñ߳Եá"ΪЩڴԵøǿӲʱĽѵùһˣԸڴŶԷĽܡ

Թ忴͸⣬Ц÷ǳοǺܰЦʲôʱˣˣյʱЦðȻȻºһЦݣȴشĿġ
ʱԿطߵ""Ȼؾѡ






ڰʮ rϣ

ǲܻǸЦݡ
Ե˰νԿطͳ"ôˣ"
Թ£"£ͻȻѣǶδԶУ˯òȡŴˡ"
"컹δ˯һᣬˡ"Կط˵ҲԹ˯ȥ

иʮкӽΰ͵⣬Цڴڵسȥʽ"ʵǵܳի᲻ðɣ"
˿δԥҡͷϣ"ӡ"
Цøӿģָϸ"ȥЩкȥɣһʦͲˡ"
һ֪ˣȥʰ˲Ʋסܳȥӵɽȥ
£ȥ¥Ǳ߹ĵ˰죬ֻӵʦָϹŴæܻȥ

һε˳·ȥԹ壬һأ֪ΪξȻľ˵ĳ
ûľ
ɵؼӿ죬ʱԹûָľŶԡ
쳣
ɵǾͷССһš

ҵƿţȴԹհ㱳ſϣ˿ûб仯ͬ뿪ʱһ̬߹ȥ"ιӣôˡ"ϰԵϡ
ֻδ壬ͿԹ̱ȥ
վñֱۿϾҪˤȥȥӣȴͬʱץסˮеǿ˵ҪκˣҪǵãȥ
Ĳܹˣһֱץǿ
ۼõǰˮӿߣ޺վȥȴ˭Ҳס

һգһζԹȥɻǣ̫ˡ
ͻȻЩʹԼһһù;ϡ
ϵɪһţؽϻϣ"ӣӣԹ壿"֣һĲҪԶصö࣬ӿǰδеĺ£ץ֣"Թ壬ţסȥˡ˯ţûУ"۾Ѳ
Թ۵ѾȴҲϷſ֣ץסץסϣһֱΪҪ˵ʲôŬƽԼ˵Թϵ亹˳ƶ£ſڣȴû
ãǸľ

"Թ壿"
Ѿ˵ЦſӲ˽ϡ
˰סڱֱϰţ˵ɫѾɢԼȥˣԹҲϷſ֣촽΢ӹȥѾ΢ŵϸȴڡ
ǱԼ֣˵ڻԼ
"Թ塣"

ˡ
ǸˡȻΪ˺ΰ͵ʳ
ʱѾûκθо֪˥ߣܳΣ಻֪ÿպκζիǱġ
ֻòӦеž͵Ǹ

ǸӣǴӴˣһ
ӣԹ塣

ҹϵμǷǰĳк˴𣬾ˮ֮зȱĿȻԵɲڰȾȥǰ쿴
ǰȻһеһжͬҹһ㣬û˿ͬ
һ˱Ǽ򵥵رһʹ
תԶͣЪο˭˭Ҳǡ

֮صȴ
ĥ˽ǣԵȴһǸӵȥʱ䳤ˣԼ˭
ϵľҹժ£ĺڲͣ˵һѰӡᷳȴҲĺķ
ǾãΪˣԼҪŬȥжʱĶ̬طſ֣ұһҪӮ㡣
ֱͻȻ䡣
µشԱһ£һЩ׹ʱԭϡ飬˲ù̽£ƽİȥҲ֪Щһ̫ӵš
θأĳҹסֵڼﲻóȥ






ڰʮ rУ

˽ȴֲǾʦ֪ʦڱ
վǰҲʦ屲ֵɮˣŷ鿪ڱǣ˵㵱һԹĺͬʱ澲ʦУ
ףȴҲΪ£ʮȥһͬĺɢʽ֮١ȴͻȻǸӡ
Σˣǰ֮˿ʵĺ⡣
ֻܼױʾ϶
ǲģ
ǡ
ǱܺáӽԺԹ塣ʦ˵۾Ƶ͵͵Űӷ
ĻӰⰵִһ˴Ǹ뿪ʱ򲻿Ϸµִ
ѽԼԹ塣
ϲϷŴ죬С޺һ
Ǳǵӡ

ʮȥˣ·ģȻ˿δɳԭԼĻߣһǷ㡣
ʧȥԼĴɺã

ǰ֪֮˺̫뼽ᣬܳԿطϷ˭֪뼽ԼĻ̥̫ԵıԲͲ˽ˣ뼽ԼĴ㣬һסԿطİΪá
ϧԹˡ
˵Ǹ磬вȣ󲻳Ρ뼽ֿ˰£޷ǾҪиԹ壬Сľʺϲ

Ӵ˽Թ塣
ûʲô飬Կط޶ıػȥ˭ֶΣֻҪܳȥխձǶԼĶֲ͡Ϊ
ǷᷳһȶҲ޴̸ǺǻУ֤һ㡣
ǸԼһͻȻóǰŲ˯ţ͵͵زڱнȥľͯ꣬ӣ磬ˮշת¡ʱյԹȶ˼ܣֻû뵽ԿطȻɱ뼽
ҲܳڶʹĴû뵽顣

ų𲽸ǹԼԿطȴδ˷ԿطȻеɱ̫ӡҺãǽü˻ǴŹֻҪԿطûص⣬һоͻлᡣһȥ˵곲һ֮Եľס֣Ȼַľŵ֣ȨԺ˴˹ᣬҲһԹۼǽ̻Ի͵ȫǳ
սܹ֮ɣ˱ض򵥣뵱ٻ¹š
ĹѲ⡣

ŸҩɱԿطһж㡣
ĵ˼ȷ
ϧԼûʹɱ֡

峿Թʰö·ʱⶥ¥չ֮¹Ȼ¡
ɫ¾Ȼۻࡣ
ա
֮вκ£Թʹ緭ʱͻȻЦһΣΪԼ㡣ԸֻһΡ
Ƿ㡣
ټ

Զȥ밲µľңԶǧｭˮϺȥ̴ľŵһζԹ಻֪һиûΣΥԼԸίȫˡģ㽻ԿطȥԸ
ʱǸ̽ϱ˻ǵġ

սϵı·ֵ֮䲻˵Թȴ֪ڣ绹ԸⳢԣԿطԸԼ
ٽʱ·мéݲʱЪţˮȵһ룬ֻóķϳ۶
δģٽȴСѾͷҪ裬ԿطƳѾͷֻ죬δϸ룬Ѿ߻طڵˣһ룬һʱ
СʲôҲδʰҺˮЪϢһ°ɡ
ڴŮ߳Զ͵ʲôʱ
⻰һ˵꣬ԿطȻ豭վһԲ֪ι˳Ŀ·ԵϿװε䲻ȴɼòѰ˼ҵСΡ
Կط֪֣һȥȴԥڿڽУƽף
ѾȻػعͷԿطýг
ԡ..ԡ..С㣡
ڵȴ޾죬õ̾ҲԥԿطǰڵҲδƺǹŹ֡
ƽҪȥ
ڵŮӻǿ˿ڣǰ..ҪȥѰˡ
Կط߹ȥѰˣ
֮ˡ
ǳ˵ᣬŮӡ





ڰʮ r£

ԿطߵߣѾߴվһ࣬ڡʱܹߵ￴峵Σƽ׻һѰİУѰң
̾ٲ¶ڲס
üһҲԵʡԹ֣ʾϣƽףس˵»ĽҰ⣬ȥ
ԿطԹں󷽣ҪǣϻؿȥŮȴͻȻסȥ¾˵ˣҲ֪㰲ȻȥҪδ㡣ֻ֪ԭļƻûաһʱ鼱ץסԿطϳ֣سڼԼֹѸٵջأ˫ü
ԿطȴкΣ¿ĻƹǷ죬һʱû·ЪϢ
Ҳաɿƽף֪Щʲô
Ҳ֪壬಻ЩǰЩȥһֱûոյ˿ճѰ㡭ҡ..ϴȥʱ֪ܵܵ䣬˷Ѱܻһȥ¡
Թʱǡϣ˵ɵض࿴ۣŮò㣬ö޶ȴʤʡһǴҹ㣬
¾ǴᵽģȥλŮӰɡô˵ŮĵŮԹؿԼ漴ƽԿط..ᵽİܣ
Կط˵ǣƽϲʲôɫԹ뿴֪Ҳܶ࣬˿֪ԼɱԿط֮£԰һ
Կطֲ֪νܣֻ˵Ĵ֮Ů壬ᵽģҲԵ֪䡣
Թ΢Цǣȴ˼ŮӾΪ丸ãҲ˳׵˼ƭԿطȥ
ʺܿرԿط˵ϲĨǣ֪ƽ׵Ը񣬡ƽףʵ˵ϴ֮УżȻ˼
ƽ׳ɸŵķ٣ĵѣʣɵЩʧɫ˼պοѰ㡣
ԿطȴҲǺ֮ˣ˼ϣ֪˷һı
㣡ƽᣬһԵѾҲʵ̲ס׵Դ˺úݵĳҼС͵͵Ѱ㣬ϴѶʰȴûġ..
ԿطͻȻתӿû˵ʲô־䣬ȴĿзȻơвȴӲԴȨƵλǳɫΣ죬ѹȵĸо
ƽ׵ʧȴδʲôǣҲ޷֤ĿĵȻˣǱϳԼȥͷԴˡ
ԿطȴͻȻЦ͵͵ƽףȻǣȻȥ·ϸ˵
ԿطΪϳԹһ·βţŮϵʹܣҲ˲ͬ
ڣƽ޿κε˵һΣ벻Ŷãȷǲ֪ʲô㣬ֻԸȥһͬȥ˵ƽҲ֪ﲡ˺ܳˡ顭.ܲϷ
Կط˵㡣
Щ͵͵ص۾ҲСί
ľȥҵ֪ʲôһͲڸˡ
ҹ·»ǰýѾ뿪ôʱˡҲҪؿȥοԿطɣ
˵ɰƽξأȴ˿òף˵ʲôȫ£۾Ŵ⣬ˣԿطһҪȥԼĹ켣켣Ϊ˭ı䡣
Կطһ˷ɿſȥ
ϵľųʱ˿ǧ֮һһһֻľǾž޵Ȼˡ
ȻһҹЦƵᡣ

Ӽ˺˴룬ִŹžͥ¿УҰ֪͵گһ£ʱҪǨ
˰վǰʼ׼Ȼѳ˼ȶʵӼעǰһжҪ硣
ߣǲԸȴΣԼ߿飬¡һЩɢÿ鶼̧ȥ͸ˣЩµĶЩ˺ܶĳһʱ֮ӼͻȻԼ˵ȪڣҲֻܺһԼرܣѳƷ
ãˣˣ벻ή֦ϡ
ӼЦ硣

ƮͻȻŸ..⡭
Ŀͣ־һʱЩͣҪ֣ͻȻƳصɫʱľ
뼽Ҫ͸Լ̴ľĺӡ

ȥٴνӹ
Ǳɫ˸пվǸ֮һЦ˵Ļ˥Ƕڽӡ
ǺҡУһƬļ⡣
Ҳй⡣

ӼζָչãοյĻǡ͸ŹͶڵء
ͫɫȻأָʧ̬







ڰʮ ɲ

һֻշתʵ̴ľӣʧɫ
Ӽһֱδע·ǵ̳ƣѰ꺮ʾţ̬߳رģȡΪҲһԣңҲӡ
ʱ˿ͻȻ˷ҳվչ֮ǡһδ򿪣ȴͻȻֺӵײҲͬοյ̳ġ
кϸܵ÷ƣȴȫ͸мĵطȴ˴͸̹ġ
̫Ӱٿ£ӰڵֳľȻǺ޹ɵĸʽһ仰
ӼɫأؿһءϸС÷֦·־ǣ"֪⣬Ѳף¡"
һ꣬Ҫ͸Ҹģϲģĵģ뼽Ҫ
οʵ뼽֪ʵϣͲȥˣӼξȻ˱ΨմȾʲôȨĶҲˣһɽ֣͵뼽˺ˮޣԼˣɵңúˡ
Ӽε̬β̫ѿ
Ͽõ̫Լĵܵܣȥ¥գԳԼȤ

ȪǶǳ£ʲôԸ㣬ȴƫƫвΨһϷֵĶ
ʱգӼο־ǶļȻʵΪĸоϲ˵ڣЩ飬˵ǲڣֻԼԾɲһƽġ
˵ӷ˳һǣ¥дҹһɫ˳Ʒ˵ӹ
ʢ˵öˣȻԼ档ӼΰӼΣ̾ţΪԼ㲻Ѱ˰㶯Իںޣͻûʧӳ㱻оٵƶˣͶ㶼Ƿ羰ӴҲ
ۺֵľܻ᱾ܵҪߵĵطߣӼǣֻͨ˶ԣѰһսᡣ
һ˱ˣǲǲԸͶʣֻΪһʼƫ룬ԽԽ롣

Ӽο˺ܾãƾյؾֻľֱ˫ʹƮҲԱ߿Ų֪˵ʲôΪá
ԼһЩЩ־䣬᲻ЩˡһԼûԾɽ֣ϺúõԣЩ˼뼽֮һб˴˶ز¼ǲǾܹ⡣
ϧû

ȥ¥գ̫Ӽްͤ٣Ȫ顣
ʵһӣҪگϲӣȴһֻĺͻȻԡ
ӼֻǺؾãƾʲôֻʣôһ䰵ɫӰӡ
һĴڿһϦ֮䱻ȫȻĨȥǡǸԼ

ƮΪһգڻ֮Цҡͷջɿ֡
ǺڵϣֱֱǾ֪ԭͶӰλ֮ϡ
ǧľĥ죬ˮ׶˿δ𻵣ǽգӼֻɿ֣ڵϵʱȻķ˶
Ǻܴ춯ȴ͵ƮһЩŵعȥ"ˡ"
Ǳɫ˵ЦһָֻƵӣ"ˣ"˵Լһ૵һ䣬Ʈ֪ؼ鿴ӻ䣬תȥӸһ仰
"ɡ"

߻һվסѻȥ
⣬һʾ䣬"أ"
ȴɫЩǣ"˻ֻǿ鲻á"⼸ձһֱѻ˺֮շٽ黹ܶ࣬һʱҲ
ް˸ø˲Ŷԣ϶ָ̬һת뿪ʣ¶һ˵ʱֻĳơ

Ӽαδͣ½ŲҪ߽ȥĻͣ"Ҳûȥ԰䣿"
"δһֱ"

ŽȥɫĳȹҷأбһľߣڿĻкãȴֲȫ򿪣һխխͶڵϣﻹȼ̴ɫ
Ӽλ߹ȥ"ôˣʡ"ŵЦ⣬ŮȴǱһ͵תŵײľҲ˲á






ڰʮ ʱ½

ӼһʶԼʧ̬ػָ糣̧׳Ц"ôҲû춯"
ʧӳһĿī䣬ƽ˽㲻ϲĻŹеϰߴɫѣĵɫʢȻ֮󣬶ʱ鲻ȡ
ǱฺۻҪأʢŵܽء

Ӽ"͵ʲôˣų"Ȼ֪ǴӺ治Ǵʲôرĵطƽ͸͸Ҳ߳ţʲôȻӼεıӲ˵Ϳʲôܡ
һصЦ䣬֪Լ˵ø¶ģ֪˺ܴľţ˵ЩҪһ롣
ȴû뵽ʲôֲһ㡣۾˲͸Լţܻҵҡͷ"û"
Ӽλδ룬˳ĿתȥȴǷټܣһʱľǼϣع߹ǡ"Ҳǣ"˵ûб˼
ȴִҴҵؿ"Ҳģң"üͷŰ㣬ӼοĶյ
ʿŬƽԼüˣһѪرͻ֮ͲϲϵҲجΣʱҹλѹӼΰ˯ԼִʼԼֱ治һΡ
һвɾۡ
ͻȻһƾ˲һ¹ʣһֱۼõĻƻֻܳ޻֮УѾȥԼڲӶطѰıʡ
ֱԼ̽ҲִҪȥ
ȥˣȴһѪͻ

һΣô
ֻҵ˼ϵؾŶʡ̫ް֮λ飬ϵ˼Բϵ
ټİɥڽ˸֮ӿյ塣
ֻһ˶ѻ̴㲻ʼһŲȥԼЦһ˵ʱôҲװʲôû
ʣĵŮӣׯֻع⡣
Լʱˣ˵ҲֻǸŮˣΪ޶ѡ
ҪԼװôܣҹﶼҪܲˡ

ʿ̾ϢҪ۾ȴͻȻգҲһļͷʼгһƿ
ǵһ죬ôѪ˯ϣԼһ죬ֻݼǵľԭһֱزЩɫӡǣ򣬺ȻѪ˿ڣԵ˺ҧĲԲΡ
ʾֵؿļͷǾ͸·ȥһ겻ɢĳ棬ԼһУһҹһҹĥð˯
ʼֲӼεĻǲԼһʡ

Ӽ౻ͻľһŬرóȣʱ˿ҪΪʲô˴̼
"û¡ʡ"˳ĳȥرο"û£ҵ˺ˣڡڡ㣬ҡ"
˵ȴƶ

ʱ۾̴Ϣá
Ӽθ˵"ҵ֪һϢпڰȥҺòã"
ס

֪Բ
޹ضԴ˵Ҫԡ
Ӽα"ʣ֪ʶ塣֪ңҡҼɷκʱҶ㲻ˡ"
ʪѡ
һοһⱻرܵ⡣
Ӽ̾

Ϊĺѡ
ʵĽԿط˵Ҫ£ȥȡ£˵Ҫ飬㵱ܹȥ
Լء
Ӽܷ֪£Ǩ
ĽŲһͣƫԷ֮⣬վṳ̂ȥ
ңࡣ

֮ϣ
ʲǲʹģȥĶ뼽ױ˵뼽Ӳˣ˵պҪΪ˸ܹһģɸ֣̫Ȩâ¶˵ףԼĺӡ뼽Уزϡ
̫ӡӶ
ҲˡӼ̧ܷ֮ӣ߸ϵĸסѾʼ˵ķ˿۽ǶǿװϡǸλߣȴҲͳȥڽɽⲻóƻʡ
Сʱ򣬸Լʫ
µʱӼβϲ֪ͭ˫ĿζʲôֻǾԼ˲ͬϲ
ʱ㱧ϥϣӼΣעͬ͵ĻԵ

ϧǺǻ˭֪ء
Ӽ֪ǽ뼽ֻɱʹΪƽģȷعȥ˭ףʵʻһ
һʱ֮䣬£һһӣͬʱ̾Ϣ
˭ڵҡ





ھʮ 

ʵû˸Ը
֪Ӽεıԣ뼽һƱҪƵ˼֮ϣųֵ˵زȻʹοӼεʵ𢡣
ϳ㰵ȥ˵ϣ"Ӽε־ųֿϣšƹأΪá"
ϧ̫ˣֻ߻ˣӵֲ֮࣬˵ز˳Ӧĳ֮ƣվϣӼε嵭ƽϢӶֻ
οǸɫӰɽӽݵ£ҲĪ⡣
Ƕи˭Լ˼ȻӦʣӴ˺裬ʲôģȫЩ͸ȥĦˡ
ӼŸֺõС˵ź˰ԼܷϢЦúǿο֪֮һ˭ǡ˶Լĸоܺá
ŭЦϺõľȥ
֪¹ȥһۣζ֮Ȼȹˣ˼ֻǴŻȻڲסչһ̴
ӻְŶͷ뿪ӼȴߵĺǼᶨ
ߵӡ
ӽ֮ҲشԼϲˮ̣Ӽβֻһˡ
ʹ̻Ի͵񷶥֮ӳӰӡ
ɢ˵¹ȺڰʯԶƽüӼʱϡ顣嵭Ӱӣպ󲻳⣬ȴҲҪ֮ϡ
˳Ӧ֮̾Ҳ˳̾Ϣ
صĿǶԵġ
Ǻܿϧÿ˶ȨǶҪԼӦߵ·;

µľԲǻһطҹĽٶƻصԶԶشӳǱ·
ӰҡΣġ
¹ϵĻɫһɫӰӣǹٵ˿ڡӼϵľҡΣݵӷʯΧϡ
һãӲģ㲻ģŵС
Ʈ˿ڣүؽţǲǹգ̫ӡ
ͻȻ˸״ʣ˻˼
ǰ䣬ⴺδޣʧ
̲ҩȾǰУմ
ͬΣͬʵֿ˴ԡ
ڣƮѿաʴǧл硣

߹ǽġ


Կطһ˿õ½ڶʹӭӵĳ

⵹⣬ԿطƱ֪ԾͲͱǲ㴰ֽƺ֪ԹͬԼ˵ʲô
·ϵʱƽ˵ĵſżһƱͼƳ˾ʿԬͬ飬겻֪ٴʱȻȴѰʸġ
ԤԾȻĳ棬ʢҲ̣֮µ־䣬ɭɭ׹֮͹Գ񼣡
ͼһһõ֤ʱգ˭ܲε͸أ
ƽ˵ͼдغյﲻ䣬˶գ鷿ö
"øѿʯŻľ괺ֻһ˲¾ٻ滹Щ־䣬ϧ塣"
ôԣȲ뿴սᡣ

ԿطЦø⼥ﵽĺҲʼ
ƽȴҡͷѹ"֪Ϲȵ۵ҵôоգֻһҲ.."
Կط"Ҳõ棿"
ƽڳгĬ֪ӲŲЩ"ȵ۵ﵱֺ"
Կطۼʢã"˵"ȫȻ°ס
"ˮȸ߷ɡ
ȥֹɽǹ͡
ٸȸˮϷɣʮŸɽ
Ωһ̤㣬ܶë¡"
һϣȻһẺټ֮ԻȸԿطЩﰵָ˼
"Ȼ˶ֵĹºᵱȻ⣬ȵ֮Ķ˭ܱ֤ĳ档"͵ޣƽţ"֪Ǻˡ"
յڳԿط⡣

˿µˣû뵽Կطһسףл֮ƽ׵ſڣȴֲ룬תҪ֮ʿľȻԳ˸ӭ
һĺĽڶʹЦοǺϲ"ʥմãԽ˷´󹦣պɲҪĳ"
һ仰ԿطҲסԼٱ͵˵˳Ǵͷȴֱܻԣ˵Լ
ĶⲢκνͣĿƳԿطˣ"λǡ.."
Թ岻ɫӭĿ⣬ػӦ"Թ塣"
ĺµشͻȻ˾䣬"Թ塣"󿴼ϵЦζ"Ȼ֣պܳɴҵ"
Թ嵹Ҳûرı飬"ˣ岻硣"
ϵɫһ䡣





ھʮһ 

ԿطӭҲͲִ뿪븮
ƽ׺ܵĿĻȥ"СŮʵں֣ҿԽֲ֪ҪѰȥ"
Կطɫɣ"޷ֻǲ֪ĳ˽µ飬Ϊεڡ.."һδϣȴЦ˿عֱļͷȴһֱˮ΢ȣģԿطԹ˸£˲ô鶼ԿطΡ
"ʵԽ˽¶գʹҲȥģʥ顣"һڲ裬⽫ǻ˵ò²
"˽ȷԿطһ˹ʧҲ˴Ϊڡ"
һδЦ"Դʥ֮¾ͼӹٽõġ"
"˻"
"ҽԽгȥϹ̫ӵĵĴʵ࣬ټЩԴǣʥãֻǰıΪȻ׷"
Կطﰵ̾ĹֻϺ꣬񵹻ҪԼлɡ
ͬһЦлһʱ֮侹ճ㣬ϧѲ⣬˭ͷһѼ
˭£Ӯޱ˿
Թһ糣ۿţҲԼޱߵİ׷죬ΨֺηȨ˼¡
Ҳ֪˷ԿطΪʲô

뿪ʱԶԶƽ׵ڹսǴ
ֲ˸˵ӣԼڳıؾ֮·ϣԿط԰еɽʯ϶ƳˣȰĻȥ͡
֪Ѿͷ˵Щʲôָñˡ

ȰģߣеƬСС԰֣µɽʯżķ϶ǡܹ档
ƽױһϣŷӣ飬ӰΪšԿطЦȴ˻ȥ߹ȥճڻȵľͷ͵ؿԿطδ˵ʲôȴһĶ
"ˣģûͳ"ѹ
ƽСĵȷûˣ첽ܹҪ̽ȡʲôһʱԹԥ
Կط֪ǣ"޷Ұܣܻ䡣"
ǰŮóһŮӼҳ£"ҷ͵¼ƱͼǼſͳȥȾƣԭûˣһʱҲ˱šʱޣֻ˼ҳ"ԿطֽӹϻŹŮӳŮϸϸܵس¼˲ͼɼ˼
ز˷ڶ̫ãޥĹĿһһػҪܳ͸Լ
ԿطǲԸо˰Ϊ޻̸֮ǰƽһţҲ˵ֻðο"ģҲˣմһ"
ӷ뻳У̾˿"ȥϸؿ֣ҵ..ѹҵҪɵ㡣"˵꿴ɫվתߡ
Թôһʱԣ"Ļ̥˿Ů֪ơ"
"ƽǸù"
"Ǵ.."
"ȻȥЪЪһҿ±빬ʥĻˣĪ⡣"Կطػر⣬ԲԸٶԡԹҲ㲻ٹ̽ʣԼȥ

ҹļȷϹͬʹһĲԹԼʰ˶ų߽һء
ȫȥָءһж밲²йأζѬȾԹͥŲعͷȥûж೤ʱ䣬һжһ
Ǻˮ֮αĺӣǰ͵͵꣬Լ
»¹΢ԼӰڵҷһһڷǰͯʱ룬ΪļԼһӲֵô
ҺȲӴֻñ

Թⲽߵ˴ķǰߵţõȥʱԿطϸϸؿӡ
߹ȥҲܻ䣬"ɷùһ"
"д⣬ʵǿͼ"
Թþ֮Уʹһϰ𷨣ڴʱ֮ͯҲüµĲؾ¥һЩżмأʱȥ
Ʊͼţ"ŴͼйʮʮΪ֮ѭܶʼ"






ھʮ 

ƱͼƱֵĺ統ʱ񫣬һգ㵽Ժǧ˥ֱԬı˵"к!"ΪʮࡣʴΪƱͼ
Թϸؿĳ¼ݣʴƽǳ¼ĵеһ֣ǡ¡
ʮ¿ϼȼ
Իˮȸ߷
ȥֹɽǹ
ԻٸȸˮϷɾʮŸɽ
Ωһ̤ܶë

һԺܺ⣬ԿطҲףẺȷͣһԱƽ˵ģֻϰ벿ֵԡ
ʮ󶡳¶ϸ
ԻøѿʯŻ
ľ괺ֻһ˲¾ٻ
Իľˮʮͯ
Ӣؼ̫ƽʮ˲ͨ

Թϸ˼˼ľˮѾ±ָ֮գʥǡղ٣ͼƣôʱոʮ꣬ʮֻϧҵδ㡣
˽˵ڣ˶ЩĬԴ飬ǵ֮㿴ȻǶǸԸ֮ˡ
ѱķΨԼȨܵвģ˿ʥϿֽҵδ㣬¼λпвԼ棬ȻԿط˷ġ
̫гȻԼȱţ֮ʼ£ƫƫһԸ˵սľ
"սԭδݣ˸Խꡣ
ӣɨȺͷ"
ĩ죬岼ΩԽǮϣͼΰ߽ϤһŰ˵پȷۼ֤
ӣ˭
"ӡ"ֵĿǰ˲ָеĸλν֮棿˭õյ£һ
ԿطɣһԲȥӹӣԹ廹Ϊٿȴֻ˳Լеϵȼ
ӵĴ˵ȼһҡ

"硭.."Թ忪˵ЩʲôȴԿط֣֪ҲЩȰοԿطǲܹӦأ
ϧ֪ԹҪԼԧ죬ƽ׹һƬġ
ԿطǻϸڵˣԲע⣬Ȼճ˻ҡ
ԹεҡͷҲԡ

峿Կط
ϽΪ磬˷Կط˽ְ¶ʵȴδöŭĴá
ٹپڣһʱԿطĵʶ³ޣһɫ糣Կطȥ۵׼֮ɫ֡
˷ĹݺɷƲãʥԿطĵλӲͬա
ԿطаЦȴû뵽һʱķߺɱ뼽湦ĴʹΪԼһϹĹƻ˱֣ССƫһĽʲôֻǰͷԵ˲빴Ϲ̫պͼı
֮и˶Ѱһ棬Ҫ۹⡣
Դٴ֮սϹ׽ϹĹ޶Իλľλ̫ӣȻٵȻ£̰ͼʮʮط˽ϵסų̫뼽ΪϿºݾ
ٵȻλ뼽Ϊж
˷Կط˵֪飬ȫı£ȻɱϹ̫ӡ
պϹ徹һ˿ٶԿʴʥϼ̴ͷԿطΪǰָʹԿط̾ơ
ʹԷԲͬ𴦣Կط¼Ϲ󣬽ֻص궼ԾпЩ괺㺣еıµ׳־ʥˣỺۣ˴Σ̿ǡǾҪͼ
"޵ʮ꿪£ʮգʮ̫ƽӡ"ͼΣĸϹʱƳɹ˹ƱسΪҪĴ¡
Կطǰϳзâ֣"б¶飬ԵԵƴЧ΢"
ͼϲݱȦ㣬ʥָᴥ"ʴ˱Ϸɣݡ"
"оɼ˿֡."Կط֪ͬˣоˡȴٻ
ɽ㵱С

گ£ʱģԿطõ¾ڶʹͬƱȨʥϣԹͬʱоС
ͼѶϵϸľ𣬴в֪ǰ·Σġ

ҹԿطصԼУٴչͼ˼·ߣһ̳ƣһִԹ忴ˣǣ"Ŀ²ưոݡ"
Կطȴûͼʱƣɢ಻ע⣬ǾҺɽǡʪһˮǵ
"硭."Թ֪о̻ͼ׵Ҫ
Կطȴ˿ȥᣬֵĽԽкͼϣϵԶֹ塣૵˵˾ʲôԹһʱû壬ֻ˵˾ʲôԶˣ쿴ôĿⲢδͣݣȴϹ
ȻԹǷ
ֽӹԿطľ̳΢΢̾ǣңʹϲ˵಻ÿ⣬֪ǷǸͷ
"磬ˡ"






ھʮ սԭδ

ڲ첽ˣʱĴӲݱӭ
еԿطδٺüʱֻ֮ԲüɭȻ
һϮͣԿطſڣ͹ǡÿԿط̾߹ȥӱҲ֪˭һƳŽ
ƽףʥ󲻵ãЩȥɡ
ᣬֻǰ㣬ҲЩʲôЩɡ
ƽ׵ϰߣʲôʱȻʻڵʱɣԿطҲЩʱδԼĸۡǾݻڶʹˣμƽ׵ĵһ飬żȻؼƽױġ
βϱս½ʱȥϸϸĥЩӳˣԼ˹ҵԼһأƽɡ
ÿһγӣ峿㲻͡
Ҳ˵ЩʲôһһСġȴÿһζҪԼȥſϻؼȥ
ԿطջˣҲΣġһ˵꣬ȴտɵ󲻵תߡ
ǡ..ӡ..ڵŮȴͻȻЩԥԿطһʱûзӦ߳ٴλعͷӣ
һ԰̺δԵǲˣȻǸˣ˼СĶ鼱˵ˣݵؿڣСӰո㡭..
ƽ׼ֹٶ˵˽³¼Ʊͼ򲻿˵ȥѾͷƽҲǡ
ȻҲ׹ŵõͷҶ˵
ƽ׻ԥҲνҪǡ..ѹݱáЩ˼֪ԼֿʼԥϾͻȻ˻ᣬ鼱֮سԧһԭٵȵȡ.ٵһЩʱ뵽ƽ糺ɫ˻δȥȻǶˡ
Ůڵϵ·壬ȴֲ˵ˣһʱСŮ̬תǧأƫƫһ˱սɭɭ֪顣
δעϵͼ

˵ԿطһʱҲδٶӵ⣬ֻڵǵ㣬Цǰߣֻһ䣬ҿΣޱȵ棬˼ǲںЩ˵е޻̸֮ʲôв֪ƽ׶ȫȻ˵ĵӣӡԼ¹ʱڷＸŮ죬Ȼ㲻ϵȵľ£ǱϾ⣬οԧһ˫Ůӵ˼棬ƽȻҲ֮¼ȷʵҲ鼱֮µ֮٣ûа취ǡ.Ŀˣ˱˵
ûָؽš
˴뿪ֶԱǻŭ򱧲ƽֲ˵ʾ⣬Сһȥ
Թߵǵ̸ԧҲûټһء
С㣿ģˡ.ѽ㿴ӣᶮЩ..ڼɷԶЩһ̽ȥƽףʱ̽ϳķȥ
С˵ǲƽҲֻǺ̬˵˵ˣﶮƽ׵ᣬǱߵ˾Ҫ뿪ȤתͷһС˫۾һСôˣúõôͿ˳
ƽ㶵̧Ĩۣˣȥɣһֱġ.˵ԼЦҲٷʲôˣҷҪԼȥɡ
ɵǲˣСѹճӿɲصᣬͷáܵƽ׵£οЩԼ̽ȥ֡
⻰˵굹ƽף˵ʱߣտģסɾѾͷˣȥλظɡ

ߵԿطʾ
ϸƽһĶ
ֻԹЩ֡ǽˣαòɲǻעЩˣοңԶ಻㡣
һʱʥ˲࣬ϣԴֱƵƵݵȵء

Ź⣬ΪӰһء
ܳפڴˣҹǧʵơ
ԿطǡʵҪ̶ʱδԹһвοͼ
ҡҷ⣬ⲻʱѲߵĽŲ
Թ弫ľʹҲֱܷЩĲѰԭδģŻϸϸؿͼȴһƬ벽ϸ΢춯ӽԼڵĴʡ
ľҡҷֹԹĿϸϸ춯ֱֱشʺ󷽴ԽӽȻתֻ˺Լһʵľ롣
ʲô˰





ھʮ ˸Խ

ʲô˰
ԹеĹӰһȴ·ķ϶ʲô⣬ȴǷš
ɫ
ȻԶȥ

ԹվӼǷţŴʱ֮ûеڶˣ͵ƮƮһֽҹ̡
һ֡
ԹȻģϴζɱ֮δɣһеһлҪȻĻδԼȻԿطʱ˿̻ţı㲻ưոݣοĴԿطȥı޷ƾ档
ˣۼԼȻȥȨ䣬Ŀϸġ
ʱ˿̣ҹԹִһ˼
ȥǲȥ
ȴͻȻ֣ԭԼ޷ΪǸӣسԼѧпѧΣǽվԹ壬Ǹӣյ飬һԥֱܻԸԼĴһһУΪԿط
һԣѻ˲ĺᣬǡĳƣ˹ע̫βѵسȼգȥͣжʵõӣֻϣϣ
Ǹʱ򣬻ҲϣܸԼϣ
䣬ķҹ罥ˡ
ԹͻȻȥǻ⣬ʵ֣ⲿĻʱڲʲô̵ĴСʱǳҹȥеʵģģ˭ӴĲֶࡣ
ȥЩů
¶ĽŷŽغõʱԹһԵϣޱȿ־ͷӵϢ˿ԥظشȻʼµҹ
¡
Կطָͷڰ΢΢ۣҪȴ

֮»ӭ磬ҹ¼ž
һѰѲʿߵò룬һ˲ӡǰһξ룬ʵʱȻζһԵսļܺ󣬸ߴĹļɫºӰͶڵϣǡòС
ǰԭĶ鲢˲ǰнʿؽӽʺ󷽶ӣҪǷڶʹҪţͻȻһһٶȼ죬һס죬һץŵ֡
ʿֵ˫Ŀȫסο޷š˽ҪǺ˶Ϊ
Ϊ¾¶ȴ˲δҪţȻſƲһ·ţ׵ıսʿֵ֣ؽǷȥ
ʲô춯

ȵʿںɽ˵ŲԼʱŵüҪ˿ӡ
û뵽Կط뵽ֱֻɫ֮ǽü˺״ذ̯ڵϣ漴ֻһҪԴ
ǰСʿʱȷȥ
Կط۵׵֮ɫ֣ϺͿˣš
ҡҡ..ҡ˰һǽ˵
ԿطͻȻǰһŵСʿȻ۾һΪԼҴ˰Ҫȥˣһ룬ͻȻһתתһԵĴʯϣԹԵ߹ȥʯͷϣˣ۾Ҳɱ㡣
ͷһ
ˣ˶˽ЩڶûСԿطȤ̾ʣеݸұá
˵ǲ֪

Ĳ֪أǼ˵ò˵ˣǽٴ
ҡ.ҡ𣡡͵صڵϣǡ.ֻһʣıҲĲ֪ˡʹɱҡ.Ҳ֪.
ҲգɵҲʲôСɫȫȥԿط鲻ȥļֱʿӶغˣҪȥ
ǣվá
ţγģλȥ˿Ҫţֻ˵͵ˣ·¡ʲôȥô
ݻڴ
ã˻ţ£ԿطִߣͷҲأе˶̫࣬е˶̫٣˶
˵˿սЦ
¹¾ʽձǷǲǰԼüǱҵܵܵζˣֱֻܷó̴Ϣ
Ƕ̫ࡣ
ôء





ھʮ ľ괺ֻһ˲ϣ

Լе⣬ѧ˸ղˣӰϢս֮󡣺ڰӰ˿Կطʱ˿̵ı飬ĵȴ
Ȼ಻ᷢЩʲô
һʵľ룬֮΢΢ԹڵȴִԼħ

ķҹҲʹȴɵЩġ
װ׵ǼԼı뽣һʲôȴ̡һ·ΣʻһպȻҲѰáű㲻ҪڼԼҲãҪţȴǷȥȡ
ⲻԿطӣȴ顣
ǻЦǱɫ˼̫ڷŲȴֵԼ
ʵԿطʱҲҪһ
Ϊǣ޹һܷſֽţش˵Ҫ㵱ȥһⲻ£ԭΪԼܵԼδѰ壬㲻ȳ¹ʣ㲻ɶѰȴܸоЩҲز۶ԼĿ⡣
οʱգԿطѾ˼ѰԼĵܻܵȴǳգȻŹ壬ȻһգԼȴȥ徿ֵز
˵϶ѹûʲôɱģֻЩź
ҵĹѪףȻҲǣסҡ

ôʣʲô
ֻεȥĵһЩ˿Լ̴ʱ򣬾زҲ֮һ档
ԼĽһǱҲķᡣ

ڵ΢΢ۣҡΣӾͽ
ôҪĶԿطҲ˱ˡԼҲ˿ûЩ⣬Թ尡Թ壬㿴㣬ҲһҪ
ϢҪǸ㣬᲻ֿ޳
Ǻӿģζ
ӣһҲ棬Ƿ㡣
һΪõһľ㿪ʼҾǷһǷģôԶǶڰ

ҹĳƣ᲻ͣ
ѵʡ
Ȼڵսľôˣ绹ûΪԿطǻһЩԼǶˡ
Թɫһ߳ʣ˼Ҳδ֣ڷԸһ䣬ǴһãִʥϾ鷱ȻԼˡ
ȴ㹻ĺ

ۼԹʱ뿪ʣȻʧβϡ
ԼղǴ˵Ƨɽߡ
ԿطҲ֮ϡ

ûжԶȴҪյ󻹽ţԿطǰ˵Ӱӿ첽ɽ֣ͻȻЩãȻ
Լʹ֪У
浽ʱԿطͻȻ֣뼽ֵóޣһɱ֣Ȼվòȴվдˡ

İĹ
ҹȻ£Կطǰ˵Ӱͣ٣ֱԥǻƵͯԲˣʱԿطŵܵһҹȥץʱ򣬹廹ҪץԼ½ǣ²˷ֺͱҹɡ
ʱıӰǰȴȹȥʮ궼Ҫɴ

뵽ġԹǰӰͣסӣ¹⼸Ŀӣǰȼ˻ʯԿطѸһԶԶϸ΢Ļпɱȴ˵Ļ׷˿

㵱滹ˡ
Σøмһ֮ԱԿطľһʱɫѱ档
ĹЦǰϸϸشԹ壬Գƹ壿ȻǸܵˡ
Թȴͬ磬ұ㵱Թ壬˲ǽ롣
ϧ˭ҲûмȻµһԿطʶʱѾĴ̽ܵ䣬δʱ˿ĳǸõĻᡣ˵òĿȴסǰˡ룬ʱգȫӦһͳ˧ӣҲûдҵ
Թ徹ҲûʲôҽӣվúɣԸԿطδɹʲôҲϹǣһʼȷ뼽ıһ£ϧıˣ鳬Ԥ롣





ھʮ ľ괺ֻһ˲У

еĻӰӰ´µӳ֮һСأҲָȻɹɱ뼽ʹѹñӼ޻ɣһ·׷Ƕ˹鳯٣԰źǰ·ķһ˼´˳һУסҲȷǽҩ㡣ι
ԹҡҡͷĵһЦǺεｫԵΪ̫ڲףοԿطϹ£Լȴչʴ˼ضɽϣԶԤҪ쵽ﳲδһеһжڲѰԿط롣
Ҳʲô£֮ûɱ
ǣҲͶ£ðգһʧֿ۸㡣
ԭɫԽ࣬˵¶ЩͣҲֻΪ˰סԹ壬һЦҲգȻˣ㵱ʧԸңصǣ顣ʯ֣̽뻳ȡһСƤͼݸԹ壬򿪡
ԹԶУǰŹ鿴յͼλΪʥϻԲ˵Ĵ˧λȦԹĬϸϸؿţĺƶĿǣүͽǧһ·Եӣĺ֣֮ȴĵͳȻͼֹԿط߼֮ѣǣ
ԿطҲЩȣĵǹķ˼ѹǰЩ֪Լְ˽ϷΪڣΪԼɱ뼽һϱΪԼù˳ڴоưոݣϹ֮ȻһͨУ·ͬСɡ
һͣԹɫ˵ȥպ£ԸƳԴұ赶ɱˣ֣֮ҳȥԿطǰв
Σ
ָָȦ֮Ҿػսܴ죬ԿطˣఴȥӳԮʱ䣬ŹܾΪƽԭΨд֮µߵͣɽïܣֻ취ٰ;нԿطҹ£˴ԶʥפԵйаҼ뷢ԿطĲбܽʹͨ챾Ҳѷɡ
ԹһֱϸϸؽǱ껭λμġ
˵һͻȻϨ˻ʯʱ»谵޹⣬ڰȻ˫˴̽۾
ķ˻ƵűŵϿȥ
һʱոѲ⡣

ƤͼںڰٴηʣȴЩ⣬Թÿɻϰߣ
кã಻;ϡ
ܺãұ֪ûѡˣ¹£Զʤֻͣٵǡ֣֮߳⣬ĽųֵķȥڰȫȻֻңңܴʱ򶼻ʧֻһٴ˴Ӵ˵ñףʶʱΪܡ
Ȼ˴Թٴʧᡣ

ܰԹһԭԴĸһԼгȥΪȫġЩ·ͻȻ춯
ֲָҹ
Թܿ췴ӳΧʱ򲻿ɻңһֱֱվԭءȴٷ˼Ǻˣֽ³
ȴʲô̾ԼйҹȻϡ£ȻҲסԹεת뿪ͬߡ

صפʱԹֱֱʣʿѾŴǷõ˿϶𰸣Ҳ̹Ȼؽȥ
еǰԿطھͼʥ϶쳣أһֱҹЩֽͼۺ÷һԣ̧۶Թ۾˵Ŀⶼ巽ſǿͼˣкκõ뷨
ԹɫڵȴʵԿط⣬ոմĽ￴
㣮Կطһʱס
ҹҳȥ̡
Կط۹һԭѿڶʱȴͻȻ£ܵͣ壬ν£
Թⲽһһʮ˿ȫ˵Ȼĺޱ룬ˣҽ֮μģھͿɱʶ硣˵߹ֱֱȡԿطղŽʱոտͼһνʾҪ
ԣֳٳٵ޴±ʡԹû뵽ͬԿطҲûʵһ㣬ͼϣԼҪĵطѱȦԿطȻѾ֪յĹơ
磮





ھʮ ľ괺ֻһ˲£

Կطӳغһһҹʱ滺ùıʷ£ʵ緽Ҳڳ©ȫˡ
Թ彫ͼڰϣҸղ˵˰ּٻֵδùأ
һʱȫĬ
Կطػ¿ף뽣һĳһȡ°һԡԹȿڣ֣ȴֲʣʵ˵ףǲȫι塣һԣ尲֮ʱ򲻸ͨС˵Ĺƻ󡣡
Կطʵ಻֪δ𸴣Թһϻûܻȫгȴ޷ֱԹв
ƽգ⻹ǹ߳ᣬΪһѰôõĵܵܣվһѰˣȴҪԼ
ǵɫӰһĵط
ôˣԿطԳЦҡͷת壬ȴĿȣ䲻ԼܹΪԼˣûй㡣ⱾǣԹ廹ǵһμԿطԭʮҲԥεɫǸ˵ļҲͳˣƵգΪ㻹ǻºս½ǵĺӡ
⻰ǴЩ˵ԿطԼúЦֻðڰ֣˰ˣȥȡ̳ƽԹ忴Լϵӣ㿴ôҲѹʱ̧ͷȴԿطһֱϵ£ֻǽһʱȴֲöʡ
Կط߹֣һգʱ֮в¼ɣΪģԹȥݷԼһƣܹǸӷġ
һΣΣһԹ壬Ҳܱ֤еΣҾ˭
ִ̣֮ս˱ؽȫԿطҲҪӮҪĵ֤Թףˣʱٲ½ıػ¶ˣǣƽ׵ĵõͨе֤£һġԹͻȻӣ磬壿
հհգǱϵĻԵս׿ԽĽ˧ҲˣԹԵԸ̸ӣֻԹЦ޷ƽ׹һƬĴոѰ졣
һеļƻɫ΢

ԵģӢ䣬ƽһ֮־ñ
֮Źأڹƽԭӭ
ȻԿطڹӭ࣬ųǹؽ磬ԿطϽһתս죬ӭ磬ʮʦ£ʱƽԭ졣
һ·ƴɱ˿ԥȴʼڱִشĶֻа⣬ƹ֣Ǿòط
׵ˣôʮԶ֪Լ֮顣һʱһ룬ǰ׹ɭɭһĳˡ
̨֮ԼʧһƲ壬˵ģһ㻰

ƺܿԣ˲δ뵽ԭƺƴܳӺ˵ԿطҲˣʱƣ̬ԡ˵ƺ˽ͨѶϢҪƽȵöࡣ
ƻˣһ·ӣһ·׷ǳĵˣĺôĵĺô˫Ĺƺ⣬֮ͬĵ˶Կط
оһ·ƫƧС·ߣʱ¡׷Ȼȥ˿̰
Ȼ˷Ĵ󵨣ԿطһЦɿֻ֣ϧۼǱԼýʵ
˵ȤԹǲɫ֮Ǿ͸ǰȫѺȥ̿򣬹ͨеֶΣǡԿطȥ̱ŵļи󱲣Ȼ֮˲٣ɪɪҲ
Ҫȫѹȥʡ
ȫȡǰ˵ϢʥζĴԮԲԸҿ޷ǾǴСʱ£ЦһŸʬ
˼ڴģĹʵ

ԿطȫɢУһɱ²廨ֱڵʹ಻ˣһϣڻǴһСµ֣ײ졣
һ˲飬ܿ״¾ԺʣתҪ룬ԿطĲѾ˷Χסġ
⼸ǵ̫ս£޿ıҪ

֮סĵʱԹ壬ֻǶԿطͻȻЦ˳㻹ǲǵãȻʵʱ㻹Ǹӡ
ǵáԿطزý
ĿеĽ˵ƿأ㲻ˣʱشҡѽĺȴһڣʱȴԸˣԼȻվһɷ²֮ǰԿطҲûʲô˵ľٶҲлǵã㡣
Ǻǣ£֣ҪǵãҪĴۡ
ԿطվԼǰʱս֮ϣֻ˴ΣҪѺԼͬȥһʱζԣתȥԱԱ㲻Ըٶ¶ʲô
侲úǳڳ˵ϣתԹ壬ҴδԿطҲһסĵˡǷնǡȱһˣ
Թֻҡͷɻǵ꾩ұ˵硣
һյһ
ĺµشͻȻ˾䣬"Թ塣"󿴼ϵЦζ"Ȼ֣պܳɴҵ"
"ˣ岻硣"

Ǿ仰ֻ̧Ҫ£ֶΡղδֻ̾Ϣ̫졣
˶֪ԿطþһƴɱģȻ󣬵һ˽ǰţ˵СǿԽһʱ࣬ǲҶԡ
Ĭ֮ʱԿطһֱδת
̾Ϣãֱ棬̧۸ҪȫѺȥʥȴȻùһԵĺ漴ܹоͻȻ֮Ľ
һ˲䣬˶Ĭ˽䱸֮ʱμͻȻγҷסԼʿ彣ֱֱسԿط
벻Զٶȼ죬Կط಻Ѱο֪ЩʲôƽʵĶһʱʹĽҲֵܵһЩ֮ΣԿطõķԭرԲԱ֮ʱܡ

ΨһĻᣬһֹ˿˳
ԿطķӦȻǾôֱֱת

ĹעһҪ̹ת֮ʱֻüȥӣʱûУѪע
Թ岻˼Ŀĵʶ޴ķӳԹסʱԵ֪ԭϴŵĶ١
ôԸӣҲ˵¡
ʲô

ԹͻȻԼʱڷ̨µ뷨ܶԣһҪµˣǣ





ھʮ ں֮

ǧ֮⣬ѪȾɳ
ӻķ̨ɣǷ粨İҲɾڽ֮
ƵһԶֱŰ¶
飬ǲͬնȴҲûЩŵųСͯǰźһ·ߡ
ĲӣһһߣѵٴλصѣһϮıɫƮүο٣ɸ̽á
ҡҡͷһղг˻ʳǣʱɫڵÿճ̴ľ·ǣԼ˴
裬ʢ£УϲԵһְʾյŨҵĻҲһ
Σ粻ɫ

Ӽһȴֲں쳾̾ԸΥҲֻܻϵ־䣬νԵʱһݵѡ
ͫɫʣʲôɫʣȷƽߵʾǰŵСɮһͣͲʱڱ֮ܵţһʱ·ͷ֣ɣûô
Ӽ΢Цѯס֣֪ɷͨڣ
Ʈü߹ȥ˭ˣЩȥסְɡ
СɮźúõشߣֻǱɫѵ˷˿ԽţĿȴԶƳˣӷ𡣡֪ӣǰЩ·Ҳ˸ҵ
ؽȥͨΪһ£ʱҲĳ£һ棬һӵȵȱһᶼ밲µĸɮٳ֡ձضǳųΧҲͲ룬ɫȻǰסҲЩɻ
ӼȴŲ⣬๪ԷƲԣеķȥֱֱ㡣
ȼʱ򣬼̡
ˮӿȥҪԶľ룿
ڴ֮Ѫעʶȴѡҽ˺ʱսľҺƽյãǲҪһ׵ıȻʱܴ
ʵۼǰ̽ӣൣơ

ԿطɫȴΣڴôȫ£ɿʲôһѡù̽ǰǱ߸շ¿ȾѪĲ߾˵簲ˣ֮¹巽ѽʥϣԵ顣
Կطأڲִ֮佣ʧ׼ͷδ˼Ѳ⣬ʱҩסһʱƶ㣬ǽüָϵڱϵĲᣬϵΰν˵žҪ֣æֹ˵䲻õĻЩͶʱЩɺá
һ򲻿ȥӰġ
ǡ

Թ忴²ٶ˺ҩͷǴһҲһԣ֮£ȷŵԼ
˵ΪʲôӣݷķŲ£οһԿط治ˣûôĴкá

ԹһԿطؿڵʱĲϣ¡һֱΪΪܹԼ밲£պĳ˴Լ൱ͼıǧһʱվԴȣڣ⵹µʱ
ԹǴӵȼ𡣡ιʽͻȻתʱˣֱ˵
Կط۾ϣ·ͻȻ಻룬ʶת
ԹĬһֿڣ֪Եʣ־׷ֱ治壬βһЩ˼
ǳֻż΢΢ҡͷؿڻѪֻҲҪάĶ
Ǵһ·֮
ףȴҲԸٶ
ԹĿһҵǼһֱԲҪǽҪ
ͻȻһڱǣԭ֮ԶҪ
һ仰ƵԿط˫ĿǶľһֻӼβǵľ޿κΣӼεԼʱùˣȷʵȷǶԲ㡣
δԲ壬ʮǰˣǡ壬ӺɷԵвɱǣסֽš˵ֱǶĵطԿطҲ֪ΣֻǿжһʱԣҪ˵Щʲôȴù־һѳԼ׹Һõ£˲ʱ𣬡壡





ھʮ 

ԹĶ±Ҳ߰˷֣磬Īֹ񣬲ֻ̫ں棬ʲôôˣϧ..ָ΢ǰߵĲױ㱻һ𡣡֡
һᡣ

ԿطĿϣվ̾Ϣ

£ӼͻȻ㱻ȼߵݷ档ʵ˲һȣʵڲǷ롣
ʵԸǳԣԶɽӣ಻Լһӡ
ϱ;İ

ϻѩ
಻

סֿɳ裿
ʦվڷһ࣬ҡҷĽɫԵбܽǣ֮ģ̰಻˵徻ء.
ȷǲãõϢ˲׺ܿսбѰУʴǰġ
˲˶֮ǰеͯżȻõؾ󣬹ʴҲδġסףԴСɮУϧ䲻ǰ֪١
ˡӼȻʧȴҲ¶࣬ɷ֪ɮţ
δܽ䣬ڱ³ɳס˫ֺʮ˵һ֣
ˣһЩǺϵϢԼѰӣҲɻöİ
޷Ӽֻȥ
ƮвʣһܳȥҲѰ顣
Ӽδǰ룬ֻ֣ͨ֡
ͨҲգ˶Щ˳ȥҿƻˣôҲδܽ䣬¾ǵгһ͵ȥ¡
ӼƮ䲻⻰ȴ˵Щسֶɻǧ˿±ҵ˻ȥĻԵ˵ҲˣƮǵûȥ֮Ըȥ¶⣬ķѰһˣ챦ֱӴҡ
ǡ
ΣӰֿڣһʱҹɫأڽֵĻнУĸ¥֮ƻصһո峿빬Ҳȥ˿ǺЩˣ
ǰյķ纮Ǻöˣֻ˵ǲ˵źЩҩ˽ȥȴֲȡЩϰ˶Ŀⶢһʱƺĵü죬Ӽβ⻽Щʲô˵ҲݾӹУ˵ӲáҲ֪š
ƮЩίԵ֪ô˵źã˵ҿôڣҲ˵졭
ӼԭЩˣһĳ΢΢ۣƮԽ˵ԽСʵ˵ôˣ
ǡƮ˼ܾҲүˣ񲻶ƮҲôúõȾ˷纮˽ºѾͷ˵˵үҹﲻڣǺСѾͷţüѾͷͣҲͶȥ˯ˣԼ˻һʱ˵˾ʲôδ壬ȥδ룮ˣšӼüһʱɫأƮֲ֪˵˵
˵
֣Ȱȥ˯ȴֻ¯˵㾡ˣһʱҲûͳȥȡľǡ̴ȼ꣬˵ֻҪ̴ȥȡ˭֪ͲӰӡ
ºι棿ӼԵͳ
鲻ţ㼱ųȥѰں԰ѰˣҲ֪ôˣɫ̫ѰȰ˻ȥַԸŲ˵øү鲻˵±ҹ
һ·ỺŽмüߺ촺ƣλĹҹУ߽ĳһʱ̲סϼۣ֬ˮɫɢȥ˵Ľ죬ڵˣӰأͫɫȴ򴽲
εװλžʧ˷ִ磬һʱġ
ͻȻס
ʣ֣֪̫࣬ϧԼ޷⣬ܾ֮ǰûȥ黽
ƮӦţһʱعš

ʣһ绪
ԹϸϸؿӰ治ƣ޷˫Ŀ̨µǸӰּ޷Ŀ⻭൱׿ȴĿ
磬Ǹ񡣡
ԿطЦңңƻ֮ܿǱɫһĨʰɫĵӱͻȻԵĵĮ̴ζ˻ǡǸֻͻȻ˵꿴Ź壬ùҿ
һվŵͻȻָһȻ𣬡Ǳӣ
壬αأ֪粻Ǵ⡣
ǣԹ彫ǻùȴֲԿطԹԵһԵϣǹʹ֮ϵƾ֤οҲ֪ѰˡλǾᣬ⻭˵Ҫ
Կط
о̣羹ΪһŲֽţˣ硭..һԵҡҷǻԿطȴԶûеʢŭ˶ãһʱ۵ǿ̾
̨ԿطһΪܵ飬¾Ƿ̨һҹ
ʱԼαأûд𰸡һʱԿطûʲôرĸоֻǴ￪ʼӼΡ
ʶһתǻܱ˶ѡ
ӼˣɫЦ¥֮һԾһƣһڣҹµ̴ζ㣬ЩץסĶȻܹġ

ǻһһӽ磬Կطɫ䣬ȴǿ˿ڣ壬ʱһԣѻù
Թͣһ£ȴҡͷ
ǸʲôҲٲκΡԿطؿһ֧ӡ
ֲͣ˻һǡ

ͻȻϨ
ʲô˹






һ ǧ

Կطָһǻ𣬡壬֪㵣Ĵ磬ⲻһ⡣
Թ»ʰϨĶȴһһķ顣ɵǿӡ
ϵǣ˿ڣЩۣȴֺشؿڣĻƴԹǷ㲻ٶ˵ʲôЦ˳壬֪㵣ʲôұϾѪףѰ㣬ؾۣ˵ģһպұز¡
ᱻ⻭˩סֽš
Կط£ۣ˰®ݲضķ飬ǵôǻס˼ҵĳС
Թֻסҡ
ϺȻŵİıķš

ģ޴ӹʲôֻǶԱ˴˵顣Կط˵ҽӸˣԥǷ׷ĵıˣҹƽǴӽԺ󣬴ٷ˵ѽġ
Թǻ߹ȥԡ磬ֻ֪⻭ķ
ԿطֵЦĺԳһֻӡ
⻭ӼεĸΪ棬ϧ뼽ģԶԶȲҵĹѪס

Թתȥ⻭أ
齵ƣһʱûԿط˲ȻֻǺ̵ܶ

Ƿܺɽӵȼأ

Űɳ
ͣοƽԭ֮˫඼֪սϺĲ
Կط˶ݾУʱѱְؾǲϴʱӰʿ
֮ѪҩĵطӲҧ˺ѷԹÿÿս任ҩǵսľ
ɳУǧӰԿطɽңǰ˿ǰѪص롣
Թü̬֪֮Լز
ƱͼǷ̸ֻһ˵ķܲ
սɵο¶һʱ޵УʹҲռԭʱŹؼơ
ξٽ

ҹ
Ӫڽʿ׹ؾĴһʱΧ⻶졣
Կط˻ʱ㱻Ȱ˻ȥ"˿δȬƿ"Թ㻹ִֵӣСʱͲϲ֣ʱӲմӡ˵ҲǷִõһʱΧҲٺ壬׵֪ƲǶϷҲֻܿȰοԿطҲ޷ֻȥ
ߵ;Ǳ߻İһ֮ǹѺ֮ء
"ʥʿѹ״ݲ"Թȥ˵ȴԿط̾ҡͷ
"Ҳöɳʶ壬ȥȡ̳"
Թ֪⣬ҲԶС

ʱԿطı⣬ڣȴǼоС
"˭ǧ꣬ХѪ߳·"
Թ֪žĽ飬ѾƵݸվһԣ˹ЦȴʲôҲδ˵
ſڵʾԿطýȥ޷

"ģΪȥ"ԿطֻԻЩ΢춯ܿԶЦڸһУ"ĽˣȫԽ֮衣"
ԹһǡôӰӳԶҰҹɫ¾ȫȻͬĸо
̧̳ƣݺһڣ漴˲þҵӿ£ڣ"پһһճʤ"
ٴδЦ"úúã㿴һǷĿԿط治ͬӹĽջһ"
ҪսȫʿʥĬ죬ҹһʱӣļۻڴ˳ȥȻķǼ䣬ʱҪԼ꾩Ҳûˡ
ļ֪Կطĵݣһʱ˵ȫû
Կط˿⣬̧Ӧšı˵ȥ"СŮֹУ׽ֺĴл꾩ʥɹˡˣԽΪչˡ"
Թ岻һЦʱҲ£һ̵پ׼Щȴ֪ΪΪŮˡ
һǿݡ
ԿطͷļʵͲס"Щȥɣʱ䳤һ֪Ƿν˶Ի鷳"
ԹҲ֪ʱ뿪Ҳû⻰⣬˭֪ԿطȷˤǾ̳ЦӦһ䣬"á"
ڱ






һһ ĺ

Կط˵˾ȥɣǰ뿪Ѻ֮߳˲ԶһֱŵͻȻͳ"˭һЦ飬üɳսбɽޣغɽֻ"
Ǹֶѡ
Ҳ֪һһɽݲ¶

ԿطȲ߻ԼУӰӳһ֡̾һһˡ
˭֪ϦǲԼҲȥһ
ϰԵǻᣬ񿴹̣ճӵľ£˷𣬶ĮϺɳһǾһ裬̹ۣɢʱԻعͷΩԸô̽ϰ
ʲôÿأԹ̾Ϣ̾Ϣ
ϵΪȫȻĲͬ
ǻȫȻͬķˣ۵ʱ򣬾ͺ뿴

޽ɽվ֪¼ʱԲ
Ǳ"ʥּհٹء"

"ҩҪ͹һͬ˽ȥǲԸˣף"
"ǣȥȡ"СѾͷּܡ
߸ն˳ÿҩǱ߾ͼѾͷ¹ֺùɴͣүŻҲ˳ȥǱȥǳɢˣǳ¾һʱֶҩԥţԶԶӰתҲϸֻ˰֣տҪȴӼνظ
һʱ۾֮ƳǵϵӰӽҩæضţǱ߹ˣͷҪͽȥ
Ӽε߹ֻһ۱֪Ѿͷ£Ų˵ҿԼ"飿"
ѵ޹⣬һʱס"ǡүкηԸ"
ƮüŪۣү϶ҪôˣӼοڹ߳"ҩǵڼģ"
"յĵ顣"
ֽȵݸһԵƮȹǾӳƮһ㵡˵˵˹úõѾͷô
̴㸡ȥӹ̣ȴҲ飬ĿطԸһ˵ţ"ǵ´ҹ̴ţȥɡ"
龪ˮӿͻȻһʱ죬Ӽλһؿ̾"ǵñˣֲǹ㣬ʲô"
ֻȥȥϸϸӼҹΣӼҡҡͷº͵ؿľţ"ҩȥǱߺţʲôҲҪ"
һʱܿ
ߵѾͷǼʽԣҲ׷׵ɢȥ"꣬ǰ첻˵Ӳˣ"
Ʈȫǲȥ

Ӽҩ͹ţȴû뵽ſ˲ֱź˾ֵ˫ۡ
һ嵭ҲЩ΢΢"ʣ"żصźɫȹĵȴǿüʢһʱֱֱվźӼΣȴã
̵ʹ
ãǿԼһ
"ʣúҩˣȥɡչ£һص硣"˵ȥȴſڣ޷Ӽνҩתȥ˭ָ֪һӾ͵رƿǱһͻȻ
Ӽαͬȴ֪ʱҪи򶨣һصЦؿڣ"ʣ"ȥ"ôˣҩ"
Ǹոջعһ˳ҩŵҩܿɢüǣ"ҡǻˡӭȥߵſڡ"ǿʼ亹ʱؿʼ˼룬ԽԽƲס
ӼЦҩսǰζЩԸȣһʱȥֻʢһɢȣϸϸԼһڱ֤"ԹˣĲ࣬˰ɡ"
ƳЦֽӹȥùУһʱѹЩɬ"ÿÿô˵ްҪЩﲻࣿȱǲࡣ"
Ӽηȥ̧ۿһ¯İϷĸУ̴Щľȴȫڽǰ"˭ľɣȥպ˲͵ˣαط￴š"
ȴȻϣ"Ҳ֪ôˣҲ֪ôˡ"Խ˵Խ롣"֪ԭȵλͬҪ飬㲻ڵʱ಻þá.ҹǰġ"
ӼָЩĺӣһĵ̴ζʱ;ɫȻڣ㻺ȥӼϻɫĶһʱԼǼˮ̣ˮ̣ɽӽյ̫ӡ
ʵ¶԰Ⱦһˮ̡
ССʲôЩʱ֮˯һȾ
޵üʢŮӴʱȴʧ˻ǣؿϣ̰һƺ嵭ζͲ֪
䦿ǳǳơ





һ иԶ

޵üʢŮӴʱȴʧ˻ǣؿϣ̰һƺ嵭ζͲ֪
䦿ǳǳơ

ӼΰǺӣĿ֪ڿޡ"ʣǲǣ"
ͷ
"Ҳǲǡ"
ͷԡ
"ʵ"ӼηǺӣᣬʪѣ"Ҳ¡"
ʾץļƵؿޡȫȥ"֪ʲôʲôʲôرá˱ˡ"
˵ֱײ
Ӽο̫ף֪ںδΪʲôȥ˭ҲӲ
ûбҪˡʲôޱ߻߽֮Ϊ֣˵ȥҲҪȥ

Ȼ
ӵı"ʣ˵Կطˣˡ"סȻϺЩԳֶطŵͣŵԼҲŵӼΡ
ֻܴĻꡣ
"һڡʡҪЩľҲڡ"ȴĸ˰ģӼһֱˣ嵭һ仰˰ġ
ʵһֱϢ䣬סֻĺۡ
ӵ£"ú˯һʡ"һֱػ֣ЩʣЩ׷ϵӰӡ
һˮɫĻ
һ꿴ɴЦ

ǡһʱ
˭ﳤ̾ϢѰصľֻܼװǻǵá
ǽǵ¯̴Ϣһֱһֱر㲻ܶ
ӼҲյӦϸԼҲ룬˻л㱼㻹⡣ȰȰ
ɫߵĵ

ʱһۿĻЩ̴㡣ߵĶ˯úܰȣɫδȫڡʲôӼҲȥĹޡ
޹š


Ѿͷ´ױѹǡǶһܽؽСС԰һȣ"֪үЩʲôķ纮ȷżȻ"Ӽףӻ֣"֪Ա㲻ЩʲôĲ.ĲǵĴ"
Ȼ۾ȻЩãеؿڣ"үֻ֪ܶľһⶫѾƳ˲ҹܳȥѰҲΪΪү̴ܰСȥǺ԰.Ѱʱճյؿ¶ˮ"
ӼͫɫϦ֮ԣбӳûʳ貣һʱһɢů紦ȴԳ¶԰ôԼ¶֣żһһΪ޾˻̡
ʱգ˼ȴ˵ԵĴ̣ϸϸֱֱܵϣһĵĻŮӣȴҪҹﾪֻΪѰ̴㡣
Ӽνסڣҡʾ鲻ٶ˵"ȥ䣬򲻿ɾˣֻԼ˱գУ"Ʈһ԰£ò֪ȥıϰһʱʲô"ǵõÿȥܸʣСֻ˵Ǹջ˾һʱƣˡ"
Ӧš
Ӽλ˳ŻȶȵһߣתǴǡһСͤСõЦ˵Щʲôһʱע
Ӧʱͤĵ̴ޣʱ˺ķֱ壬ؿһԵľǣ"һ"
ŮǼŵĲԳ滺ɫЩƱˣһʱ˾ùҲǣվ಻ǣֻûæá
ָ΢ϸϸŪ

Уǻ۵ڲסıɫ֮ӭŽһյĻƻ΢΢۾
ЩŮү˼ֻԸ̰Ƴһ㹻
ָһƽָԵ롣
Ӽ΢΢תǼָȴҡͷǱȲϣո裬һӣֱɴЦӴñֻһܵá
µٴתҪ߻ȥȴ𰲶£裬СͻȻ͵ػعͷȥԾԶԶߣĿ֮з޵һĨɫӻֲƶ
Ӽ˳ˣǡǸϻ̳ϿֵŮ"ߵɫ֪Ǻδ"
"үɫǷ̨ӻá"

"̨."Ƿɫȴƽߵ̾Ϣת뿪ûͣ
"룬Ŀ᳦ϡ÷ѩңһƾ·ңѳɡǡ紺ݣиԶ"

߻޹ȥԵĹ۾ط½ǳһʱע⣬մȾˮҲȥϦµľ£ˡ
ݼǵţǵü˰γճյػδĵӡ

Ҫȥʣִ˹Ϣӭֽֱд֮ơ
ǧӼ⺬Ц꣬ˣȴǲһۡ

иԶ






һ ǧռ

գ峿ɫãڸĹԶҪӼһѵ磬·Ū¯
ͭ¯һʱЩ죬Ƕ屻۵ĶӼΣ
硣
ʴɴ̽ӣǱߴ͸ϸ΢ߣǸȥȡɣһꡣڣԵջȥ
ӼЦżЩľȥɣһȥ
ȷǲãᣬǶˣǽձ㶨Ҫȥɢģߵƿľӿߣһʱ²Щˡ
ͷһʱδ˼̧ۿȥԼȾһˮ̣ĸоȴ
жô֮䱾Щ֤һݸж֣֪⣬ȴͬʱԼĹڻӼεĻ֤ʲôŮӣ԰ֵĵٻţҲΪ
ϧʰʣԼĬĬ̾ţǧ˿أ˶𣬼Цʱʹʲôʱ𣬱΢˴˰㾰״̫ˡ
ǲʧ޻Լȴ֪Ϊ˷θƲá
    
ǽɴڲЩ֡
մȥǽ߿ɺã¯źãӼϵĲлңɵӣͻȻͲȥˡ⼸޷Ǳ㻹Щϻٽβ빱ȥľɵһʱ⣬Ǳæųû׼ţ˵׼٣Ҳҷһա
Ӽ˵ſóССźɫ֮ɫ˿壬µ⣬ȴֿһֻĵƳŮӸһʱ࿴ϵʡ
ʼЦƿʲô˼ҹСС⣬Ҳ
Ӽα֪˳ŮӢģСģ
ףһСңǵ˵ڹæŮӢžһ˱Ȥ˵ѼϣԴ̴ľȴ̴ֲ֮Ѿͷ˱Сʱһһݡ
Ӽ֪ܸĴ̶֣Ǹ涼ȵãһʱҲ֣öãʱҲ÷ġ
Ҳ᣿ҵв֪ĹЧЦŻ飬˦ѵү£ԣǷԣ
Ӽνסʱһζ಻ϸϸشսֻһӱ֪Ʋ̴
ǱˮźһʱҲ˲ö룬㽫ϵϣټϣδ
عһ޿ĪĲףǸѾͷˡЦָ⽻ϸϸ̸ҪϵԼ´ϣȴҲ֪ôͻȻұڵϡ
һŵĵ
ӼһʱҲΣﲻסһС͵ЦĵŮӾͿŵϵҷضλȨصǲͬնүҲϵˡ
Ϊǵöůֱ㸲֣ӼָһĴЩ⣬ȴ֪Ϊʲô˰Ϊʰ㣬ǴˮľȻЩõĸо
㿴ҡ
Ӽδʲô¸ϵãˡ
һǣʼһˮЩ㱣ǾޱۣһʱҲֽӲס
æס
ӼοɫδȬѹҩҪʱ
ǡ

Ҳ֪Լʱʱ㿪ʼܿƣˮúЩôЩҲã޷Ǿ˯òֲǴ󲡡
֪㲻ϲҩǱ㵱Ϊңһʱҷġ˵ˮһɫűڴߣһ仰ǣúúá
    
鿪ʼűγү˵ǽմȥúɢģƮϵģһ·úõźš
ƮͷƲѻ񣬡ɨ˾ͺá
ÿЩ·;ýҲڳϣһʱ۾˵ûֵǣѵýүпС
Ʈ߷ߵɻȥһʱյıƶɨ顣
    
ƱȾһĨͬյĵīȴɫԵøЩ΢棬һʱ˶Ӽһвκ˵нУ˵ϺãӭɫлǰĹǣȴʪ⡣
ԲͬӼΰ㻹ԳѵõϾߣʱ泩Ļ˵ȥý⳵ƽ𼸷̻
˼Զ磬̽µһݣǰ˰㾰
Ӽμ˱ãûйĳﻮȥδһߣϹ䡣ǾͷһѰĽȥ
ԶԶأһһɫˮͣȹޣ⣬żɣɷˡ




һ ƬƬԯ̨

ѰϵСС֬ӣһкʢŵĶǼŮӵĻΣĺǳŨޣʱҲѪȥϰһߵű֪Ѱ˼ҵС㣬̧۸ӼΣȻһʱδϳҲˣЩСظ
һԿָȾϵĺգȴ˵ޣݷ̻˼ǳԵﴥ˾ľ˶ЩַѰޣ޶УȻγҸǱҲ˲ȥ·ס֣һǡ֬һֱסҲ̧һЦýЩ˼ɫ΢졣Ӽβչǡƽ꣬ƮԶԶţƿˡ
ϰɰˣţǡڴʱһխӰһӴЩأŲȴͣԾʹ̯ǰ߹
ϰ岻ɵ̧׿ȥߣغˮˣɻ
Ӽεָһ
ʲҲ̧ȥȷǼͨһѰӣʮͣóǶЩˡӼټˮֻϴĸ棬ҲԼúõһơ
ҹе˿һʱͻȻãˮȫѲƵװ磬δϳֻɻؿӼɿ֣˵Ц
ˮһ·ӴתҪȥ˵û뾹Ȼ֮ϿӼΣͣסŲת
    
Ӻöˣˮָ־˵Ҳ¡
Ӽλû˼˵ƮȳǰŷˣӼβЦӻһԴţʣʶ޷
ҲӦˣ֬ƮǻĵͻȫӼεɫѹ˻ȥҲԣһʱδ𣬱㲻þֻȥ
    
ˮҪߣӼչȣˮװٺĸףشҲԸ㹦ݣԵԼȥı·
ҲáӼ۵¶ͣĻһ˵ˣ֮øɱ䡣
ϰЩȣ밢ˮҲѣӼ̸֮ºȻȴȫȻԲ졣
ˮ֣ٴϰ𣬸Ҫת뿪ȴЩʲôٴͣӼѾ߻ضߡ
㡭ˮлǱɫתȴˮŶʿԥڰѻ˵ȥʵ̨ϡ
ӼɫȻһ䣬ˮȴԻԳڣµġ
ɫãǸųȥ·ɡӼžȣ˰ˮһϯˮǲ֮żȻüﴧ⣬ֻŸӼΣº䣬ȥ̨ϴз֡
ˮ⻰ԴˮٿʱӰ߰˷֣һĨЦ֣Ӽܲ˵Ϊɱ֮˵˿пοһһУת첽ȥ
    
Ӽμרעؿ֬Ҳ˵ȴһЦ֪ϵ֬˿кβͬ
ӼЦӦȥŰҲáҺ
Цһʱִ֣濪ȥ
˳Ž߾ͽ˸Ļн֣Ӽβİָ˵Щ¥鿼ķŴѵóҲǽȥͻʱ⣬ûϸҲȥ߿ɺãȥܡҿ.
գָУǵɫȹڲס˼޴ȺϲôУôһʻǴЦ˵Ļȴĥ
ȥ̨ɡ
    
Ӽγˣδ޴롣
֪˵Щʲǫ̂ҡʣ˲Ц˵Ǿ£޹ʲǫ̂Ǳ߽Ҳûʲô͵ĵط
̨ӻãǽ֪ôүǰȥǰһܳȥҪȥη̨ʻЦӯӯ
Ӽֻס߱㱻

ƮҪȥ̨ľֻӼΣȴֻҡͷ߰ɡ
ˮ˵ĻȻȴִҪȥ̨ϾЩʲôˮδ˵Ļ˭Ҳ޷֪ϣһɣ̨˿ա
ӼͻȻãÿһҪ׻صԭй켣ʱ򣬱ܻܵڤڤ֮еǣ޿κΣɼ
ָо
Ƿ̨ˣ˭ĴӼζԼסĶҲ߹߳ط٣ǣۡ
ȴ֪ԼԽˣԽҪǵá




һ 価䣨ϣ

ʾԴ϶;־Ȼ˵Цҹʱ͵͵ȥʱŮӢѾͷСұĴܣȥ˾ͱ
ҡΣӼε̴ƿȥϰȻȴһƵζһң̴һϡ
ţԼЩʲôϵĵô͡ͻȻ֦ҶȻָŪǣ֪Լǻʡ
ʣӼιе⾰
ûǿָֻ

һȥ·;ӼǴ
ǸĹ⾰룬ϦѪ̳¿ȥľ˭Ҳﲻõļ䣬ûаˮһļԿط
ôʲôء
ɱ̫Ӹ磬ҸԼȴҲùƽ

ҲգʵӼλȥ̨Ͽֻ֪Щ飬˻Ӵ˸ˮգϵرԵֻһ֣Ȼú͡һĿͫӳĵˣԿ
ڿ˵Ϊ˷
οһ֣ʵûġ

̨ǰɽµСҲӭſͣյɫ̻Ƹ޾ɣͻȻǰųɵؾһ۾ţﲻ֪ǴЩʲô˼ҵЦŪ
оյʵʱ򵥴ӼӭĿʱ򣬱뷨ȴҲ֪ԼӲˡ

ɽ̨ʱƮңӼִⲻϣֻա
һѶϵĶ·ȴԶûеҹ߳ϣһ·ӻҰɷ
ЩϧҲ⼸չ⾰ˣůЩҪ˰ɡ
ӼγĬҹʱ򻹲ǵ⻨ɫɫȻơ

ʰ׶ϣ̨֪ϻܿЩʲô

֮һƽԭһأʮٹس֮⣬ԣһɾӦ

ǹؼƣؾա
̶նѣӴӲݽӣο˴սйһʱԼš
Կطٹس¥֮Զһʱܾʿս죬бӲдֻΡ
Ұ֮ӿ
ߵһѪˮϴչȴʢսҰ裬Թ±ǰ׹ǶսѺڣ֮ʥּԺᡣ
ԿطݺˣʱһϦʤǳǹ֮ϼ÷δϢ»ϯذؽٻңʶ
ؿڶʹԶȳǿһȻգȴҲʼϣʱ˿̣ȴͻȻ˺
ʲôʱҲվڸ߳ĻⲻһΣڵˣֻգڵɽӡ
ɽϷ̨Ͼ˿ǵЩ֣ͨ͸Ʋȴ֮ͷһꡣ

˵Ϻá
ϳ
ԿطˣǡǷȻ

̨Щʲô
۳ں⣬Ӽվǲɱػص
δȼѣ̨ϵ̲֣÷Ҷ죬ǽͻأʯֶߵΣգȥһ
۹￴ȥȴȻȴ쳣Ӽ಻壬"֪ʵһֱ˵زĽⲻ"
Ӽ̾Ϣ"ʣûһնԲԣʵǵãȴװһΡ"
һǰʯ̨ȥ
ЦЦһǷԽģԽƽڶĻȻǰο"ƫԷײƵһУĿǴӼΣΪޣӦ棬ұζѣΩԸ"ǰĽŲͣͣЩӴҲ˵ڣؼ˵꣬"ΩԸܴ޺"
ӼεӰͣһʯǰĺʹʱ𼸽ҰȷǸ಻ǸͷһϮˮ̣ͨ͸ǳ˾ʰ㼸磬ܲõԤУʺȻͿ첽׷
ֳ࣬ɻҡ

"첻ᡣ"
ʯ𣬿ɼ֮ʱ֮أбǻǧ
ӼͫӿǺۼɭȻһʱؿںȻӿϺܶǣ˴˴ҪϷֵøɾ
ѡ

Ϊʳ⣬ȴǱԼļ룬ЦӼΪԼף͸Ůӡ
һʼ㲻վԡ

Ӽοǽۣͬ۵ס






һ 価䣨У

˲£⣬Ƿ̨֮ϣδӦͷꡣ
˭˵ˮǲ⣬ʱ˿̣ƼУ̨ͬµһҹȣأϯһˮ
ѹǳݣԶԶس޾һʱȫȻ

ӲǱŰ֮Уɵ"ʣȥɡ"תû
ɫĳȹܿʪȴͻȻЦи"ӼΣǿУӡˣ"Ǽ䱻ˮ⣬ǰȫǻ磬Ȼ㱼䣬һĨ̴ϵζ˳һʱ治عԼѾʪ͸ǰӣİú¡
Ӽβ˵תŰ֮ʣʪܵһϮɫǰסȾɵѣɫڷ벻壬ȴӷ
ʲôڱһн۸ѿУ"㲻䴩ѣ"˻ҪЩۻĶЩֻƣƫԷüӣһصľš
ʲôȥЩɫϲ֪ʲô˫סԼ˫֮нʧӼۼɫ죬һʱΪԼΣȴֶʵĿʧȥ㣬ַ˲
ҲȻĲȴܺʱʱԼؿơ
"ʣ"æסȥӣһʱˮĽ˾Ǳʪ"ʣü˵"ſԼͷȴִֵ˦"ſң"
"ʣ̫ȥô"ſߣȴʱ̱ˮлڷһʱȫȻƲסԼ"ʣ"Ӽȥ"˭"
͵ضס㶵ؿǰ˭һʱĻ淴ص"㡭"
"ʣҵ۾˭"ӼͻȻһһ
кµı꣬ɽҰԭãʱ찵ػس磬Ʋ㷭ӿֹıѾõͷţǰĩ·һҲԷ츲ء
ãؿ˫ӣһĿͫôŵһ౻ˮܵóף˭һķǴʱ˿ȻأЩ˹Ѫĵ̣ʱǨĥ̴Ϣ
ڣܵ
飬Ҫ棬"ӼΡ"
Щ"Ȼȥ"ͻȻԶԶƮͻȻ꣬Ҳ˲ɽϸϹ
Ӽת·ֽɡܿ԰ʱʱӣָ뽫ȴԼ´֮ʪ͸
Ӽη֣ǳѹ
Ϊһ꣬ΪǱˣΪ̧׿޻ĵʧɫ
ĵɫҲҪİϧ
һһΣٰȻԳֵĻ䣬ҲϾﾭ𶫷ʶ

ӼеʪθĿ֮Ʋ㱳⣬֮ͷǷԾɿɼմ
ˮ̣һ˵ˮ̡Ǽǵõġ
һĽҪѴ˵ĹѪȥˮбţδ˶һö篣˱¶ЦһǷ
ϯŮɴɾɫڣϸϸŪԼ£ͻظȥ
ֱɴЦ
κδݱʱо

գһˮͨͨԭΣԭԧҲ˲ˮɱ
Ӽν§סʣһ˵ˮɫ
˲ֹҪֺúõظ¶ȣȴֻߵķ˿ȥһʱȻöãǴ̴ĻʹǰҪڳһ㣬Թ
"ӼΡ."ֻޣһ
ԶƵĲʱҲ˱ɫЦǰ˵ӰȴģҲǻᾪ˵ˣֻǿϧ
ʻιȥ

ַķϷƹǽˮ֮ȻȻĿҪΪ룬ӼͻȻ쳤Ц
Ʈɡҽǰ

û˼һյӼΣͻȻԿطִǿĻţӼٴοӣȻԼϡ
"Կط"վӹɡ۾ȴǵۣ"̣ԭһţԶɱҪˡ"





һ 価䣨£

ȥʱ㷢ա
ⳡδͣ÷𺮲ηڱȴֲѣҩǿιȥȴ١
úõسȥ䣬Ūӣ㱳ȥ˵ҲǼֱޡӼηһЩһһҩ
ȵˮιȥʱ㽥ʼЩ˯ȥжüԭһ˿صϣ鷴ԡ
ӼξһˣʺغԼ֣סȴַʵԼֲûů˵
ģȴԼȱԼġ
ϵľӲȡ¹ʱ֪ʲô飬ӼָŪǰձ˵ĹƣӼεԴڴʣҲһʹ⡣
ѡ
볹׷£ʵҲѡ

һ΢΢þӾǡĴͫɫһīȾεġ
ųȹ飬ŵƮžͳһԣ"ȥģôһ·ͳ"
ƮΣȴʵ̲ס"ұ˵үҪ˼ӣ⼸һֱ̫ƽ֪ȴҪ"Խ˵Խѹ"ұ㲻ЩʲôǸ׳ģˡ"
Ʈ죬"⻰ɾˣүѵʹ㲻ã"
ȻȻ֪ӼδûЩ裬ǱϾŶһ·޹ѾͷöգҲû˷ִ硣
Ʈ̾ɿȴǿ棬"飬ֻ֪ǡֻģүҲģֻ˵ˡ"
ȻٲԸ˵
ףһ򵭵Цˣ޹һһֱôһѵӰӣʢ֮£ʵһǳɫҲ֪ڵұעÿÿҹεѹԶάƵĿǣ̧ӣǴɡ
˿дع⣬ӣƫһĿ֮ͫ࣬жһ
ģƮ֪ȥӼΣģ˭⡣
ÿ˶ÿ˵ĽᣬƮԸ̽⣬ӵ鲻Ҳʵֻǽ̨֮ϣꡣ
ԭôȻ΢ЦˣҲ̫Ĺ¡
ӼδʱҪôأ

"ȥɣ"Ʈȥվûа취˿ãοЩ飬ǶǸϵˡ
Ӽ߿ǿϵӣһʱôĻֻ㶵ؿȴǲĺ
ǺݲģֻԼӦ
˵һգҪӦš
ʱԿط۵ףޱȼᶨˣֻҪúûţԼҲҪôɵ
ԿطҪǱɫˣţһӢֺαأϧһ̣ȴӼλг֮ģš
Կط"һһգһգҲȡӣκ˶á"Ӽײԡȷʵů
ʱԿطʵϣšΪȨٻֻǴʱ˿̣ϣԼȥ
ε飬ů
ļǵԼʱվͬӵס

ĵ߱Ǽ֡
ɿָ⣬΢΢ػλӱְã΢ķ羰̫ѤãĲܷš
ӼӦ飬һзӿĸһʰҪӼȥ

ûа೤ʱ䣬ˣأò˶ñʦس֮ҪԽϽͨЭ
Լµģ̫֮λգʵ֪һ٣ε̫Ϊ
Ӽձ
Ӱ΢б޶ԸΪȴΪ̫֮࣬ƮּԾɸ̾ү⽹ǣڲУӼȻҪԡ
һܾǧˣúܶ˰ġϧֵۡ

Ƽ磬ӼԹȥ쿴ҩһʱָֻ糣ûЩΣЦݡ
Ƕֵ飬ֻһһ

ʱ˿̵ܾӰζ֮սʦݣȴͻȻɼ
Կط޵ǣ"ϣ˼ǣƣȥ塣"
"Сˡα˶"ԾƲϴʱԳƣԿطȴ֮ʱʹͣǧ֮ǰԾʣӢ䡣
Կطϵͼ֮ϽҪüݻ֮ʣٴس˲ʿȻһǧɺԤϡ
ƫƫİԣҲϴҽΡ
˶˿ǲԿط˵Щʲôȴϵݹһǧﴫ飬Ϲ·ӼΪݾӶ"Խýϣ֪ˣ"
Կطһ£"ȷǼ"֪⡣
"ƷΣ"
һʱԿط֪ϰ˳ɱ֪ӼǷԼв˶ձ̫ӣϹδһգ̫ӵѡ㼫Ҫ뼽ǺܺõӣԼҲҪ뷨ӳ
ҰĲǸö
"Ӽӣйʫţʶģ黭澫"˵ü򵥣¶ڵĺۼ
һЦˣϵıԿҲֻ뼽һ⡣
"ٽޡ"Ѷ





һ ̴黧

峿ٽԶԶɡ
ҶУ̲䡣ع⹲㲣ϸλؼԶС¥Ϻ޺ޣɡ
䡣
ʹǰ˴֮꣬вдˮǰߵĹδȥϵүˣձš
ǰǡٶ糺ŽΣ˫Ǹɢһʱͨͨʩ
ӼαҲЦ䣬ļٸæףȴҲ͵͵ƳۣӻƵԾڲסһϮ嵭ŮӲɹǣ˭ع⾪ɾޡ

˵ִۣһʱոɢ裬ˣӼ뿪ֹȴȿȳ
մչзɣʱ塣Ӽμûɫã
ϱЦ¾ƱǴӼʶТ˱֪޸裬ҽΣҲֻ֪鵤ҩһ㡣
Ӽ̾ϢһʡǴȰο̬Ժ뼽ްƣ̬İգĺ֢Ҳʱ
һʱȴٽԣƹģǸصӣΪ֮Դһʱɵ뽭ͨȥͬˡ
֪ΪԽ̫֮λգ
Ӽף֪ԾۣΪ˴Ӽοǡ
֪λգȴΨ㣬ݻһʱ
ӼοЦȴ˵ЩʲôԴ̰֮зֲߵ߲ͣ۹ԼƽϢʲôһƷˡ
ϱЭ֮£ɣ֮λ˳
Ӽֻּ
گһ£ֻͬǲ顣漴ŸʿЩӣһ·ɨޣɻ˳
һЩغԱľ飬ǹڿˣ˷ԵԼǣ
ɳ̣Ӽαֻս֮ţʱڹ֪һʱӣֱǧ
֪йأһԿطһ·ϰ

ȥʱѽ࣬ڱս֮¿³鲻˼ϹԿԴգӼε룬ΨһǵıǶʵĲʱߣƫƫԽԽ
һл˶߳ػȡѹӼβ۵ҫĿƽձȥ·һͬƮԲѾͷӰûа취ֻԼȥ̴ѬȾõıɫѹ
أӼЩ֣һ·޹ߣƮ￴ţûһ˰졣
ӼЩ֣ȥ·յǰӲãղ֪ˣƮŴ罫ǹۻ˱á
⽫ѹˣ棬ƮɫӼα·ᣬһʱû˶ôҲ֪ǰźš
Ʈ·һûЩү黹ôӣǲȥҩˣ
Ӽθ˵ʹ뿪ҲǵЩڣûڣȴͻȻ֮нŲƮҲУѹ˵飡˯˻ôү˻㼸顭
ǵĻض֪ǸأǱ߽ŲֱֱͣعҲ޻ӦӼֻذ׵Ҫˮ̵ĳۡ
ͻȻתһŮ
һʱƮžؾͽӼθȡ价˵ϣҵò֪ʩǸʰǶ
ӼαڲȡѣһʱͻȻˣʱҲס

ߴ̵ѣЦ⣬ǷƤΪ˹ȥã
ŮӢӯӯĿ⾹ҲջȥƮŵýˮ̵ӼαֱܹˣСǡȡ
Ҳʮĺԣ˵־òףõġƮ˼ε˵꣬ŮӢȴȫ֪кβףʲôųѵŮһãο߳ûС.˵ûлЩʲô˵˵ͻȻ뵽Ӽγɢڴδϵһʱ㵵飬ôƽŵˣҲд˰㴥˼̻ϸ΢ʱԼĸо̫ڲʵ
õǸЩʲôһ˲ǳǳһ˲ͨ͸Ҫ̴ŹһʱԼײµĻ棬ＫȻĳӼϣŮӢԾûסҧ´͵͵̧Ʋ硣





һ 

Σ
ӼλһϮɫѵһЦӺת˿Щɫչ磬ΪǣΨʣǷδϵϣƮڴԼϣɵȰûãС㻹СԼų
ӼԿƮʧ룬úЦˣɫްһûƽϡ
ƽƮŷ޹һʱŮӢȥһԵ˲ˮݸӼΣǽһոջЩˣҲˣұȥ԰ɢɢģһʱҲ˶Щ
ӼβżȷԼǰշԸȥŮӢ㣬˭֪շ̨ϡ¡⼸ջȫȻǡ
̾һϺõǰ裬أ
ȥȡˡ
ӡȻֳȥ˷磬ŸգԼһʱüֻ˵ȥˡŮӢҲҡͷһΣҲȰˣǽĹǶ֪ģǶҪȡպá
ӼĬȻһģţ
ǰ¿Ȼ˽ŵ䲻֪ʲô͡û˵꣬ͻȻЦֱֱؿӼΣŤ󣬡ϧΪѡľӴ䲻õġ
ӼҲ֪ΪζעԼӣŮӢǵһʶ̵̧һҪӼ͵˿һǰСŮǲ⣬ظӿ󣬡ʲôãǸ̴ľӣô䰮ģ
ŮӢӼѿ̽һʱЩһæվãһӣ˵ˣվ̫ӣҲݲһˣͽԺɲܹ˼׽ˣ˵ĹȻûԽ˵Խί
Ӽβ˼ֻǱʶزӣһʱҲԼЩˣŮӢҲˣѧûѹˡַǲ豭žԼɢʵţȥƮϵϹڴ˭֪ŮӢͻȻȣ˹ͿӼΣЩ⣬ŮӢֲ֣档˿ûʲôϡ⣬ʲô
ŮӢԹȶʸģСһʱɰϵϿɺã
ӼЩˣֻ˵ŮӢƮȥ
ΪʲôŮӢҲЩͬ档
Ӽɢڼ磬ӣǺ۵׵ĹִԶøֱӣЩӰĲһǱɫһʱͫīӳ΢š
￴Щʲôȴȫͽ͡
ƮæнӻС㣬򲻿ɵģƮɡ
ֻ֣ɫߴӱ׹ҡΡ

ӼͻȻЦǷŵĻȣɡַ˿ƿȥ̴
ŮӢֶüҴͷ
ЦСŮ˼֪˱㶺һҲѧԣӼμ۵֮ɫ˼ԸͱƣǷЩ˼
ŮӢҧ촽ڻָᴥɢȥĴڴ̫ãһʱЩжӣܹģȫѰüˣ

һʱ԰ͷŶǡת
ŮӢһʱҲ֪Ǹ÷ֻǼֻܿ㣬Ӽ￪ʼգɺϣСŮһ£⣬ϧ˻öʼǲ㡣
Ӽ͵վͷɢ׹ڵˤ꣬ãϿʲôӼΡЦЦ߹Ӽȥ
źţʲôԼͲ֪㣬ûأƳۿϵƮæʰȥ
˫ĸ¶ȣǲˡʿŮӢһԿţ糺ֻףȥˡ
ӼγĬ
ָ֪Щʲô

ԾϣŮӢһ𵯾껹ڼʱӣһʱ˵Ӽα㾶ȳ
Ľз磬ֻͻȻǸðǴӹϣ۷ȥȴŮӢڽ䲦Ū¯ʿ֣ŮӢ̴ֲ㣬ҾϨˣٵ㡣
Ӧţǹں˱Ӳ뿪ŮӢȷǳȥˣͻȻʼ̾ҲͲԸֻܺţǱ˭ˣŮӢ۹һתһø
⻰̫࣬˶˵ͻȻԳЦʲô˵öˣȻҲˡҲŵģһֱԸţµۼԼˣֻҪǳǳЦţʾ;ԼԾɿ
ǣǷӡ






һһʮ 

ôˣŮӢһ˿Ŀɬʣҡҡͷֻ˵£Ҳ֪ôֵܾŮӢ˵Լս˶ʱǼ⣬ζףѰõϣ㡣
ŮӢҲսᣬô㣿ҵζ£ͽ㣬˱ˡ
ʸķӦţҲǴˣСʱָĺӣ޶ˣͻȻЩпŮӢҲʮˣɻǵСʱܰͽá
ǼǵáŮӢŪֽסλعȴԥһֻĵǾɣóӣһֱϵϡ
ŮӢָ΢
˽ͽ˵ûǶСۣҲʶЩ飬ܲһֱȥ
ŮӢֻǰϵãŮӢֲƽ֮ɫ̸ʲô벻áһʱ⻰˵üϳɣҲһ㶣˵ŮӢȽСѾͷôҲͷɥģ
ŮӢ룬عͷȥʣһμΣ
ϸϸػ룬׵Цһ˲䲻ɫŮӢȻɫͳݺݵԼָףε͵ʣʵ
顭㵱ʱֻһͷ̲סЦʵһμֻĿûдô¡
ŮӢЩ֣ΪǶôޱߵͷȴû뵽Ļشƽ棬ԼӳʼԶڶʵӰ˵ҪѧݣҪѧ.ʵõþ˫ŮӢȴδ˿Ŀܸȥɫ˭˲м˿ϻͷԼ
Ϊ˵ô춯ΪԳֵĵһڳʱЩƽյͷȴûĻشȻֻôͨһ仰
һʵŮӢѹ˭̳ǲԼĳ

ԹԵòŪЩʲô˵Щʲô
ŮӢҡͷ
ӼΣ̫һʧɫֻжʼɴһЦκηŵ͵̬˶ʲǸվߵˡ
ӼβȱӣһݵȻأ˴ӡ

һʼŮӢ˼֪಻ϷŹԼȻһǷ֮Ψ֮͡
ңױУ
üԶܡ
бۣ
Ϊ˭ɡ

Ϊ˭ɣӼָᰴֹɫӰӻңɫҩô
ƮӦţȥ
٣ζȪһϱ˴ԡһֱŴǣʴ˾ϣģԸ
һʱ¼žⲦŪţӦԼҪѰ
Կط˵ĻǺӼš
š

߾޴졣
޽ߣʮҹ֮ʣԿطڲһ·档
ǰһΣ׹
ñ㡣

¶һʱػ̲ݺ裬Բ΢絴¶
ֵĿɳµСˮԲ˰Ұơ
˭֪찧־ˡ
ȲսͶ˺ѿʱֵʢģо֮ͽʿͬҹߣһʱ˿Ⱦۻÿ
ԿطȰ裬Լּղǿֱ˸ղˡܾһ·ʤ׷ټĿʵʹ̣ʧֱ׹£ԿطѸٽ복֮вš
ҽŷַ֢״Ѿ죬˿ڵòʱ쳣أ龰ټս壬һʱԿطͳعޡ
ˣԿطƱȫƱȨʤ߸಻ΪɼΣԿطԣּȥıݲΪơ

17ݳո֮ʱӼں鸮㣬֮ľУӼοָ̧һСΰɫʲͨˮ
"ĳľ"ԱߣӼһʱͻȻ"˿Щر̴ľ"˵һ仰ֱúЦ"̴ľϳɲүȣ»ү̴֪ľ"
ӼҲЦ"ܸʶҵȷδرҿһֱŻϲҲ˵ѰһѰ"
Ҳ㲻̽"ϳæ⣬ǵľҪȥġ"
Ӽΰڰ֣"ҲͻȻ𣬲÷ġ"
ⲽǰСС룬ҡοľɫɣһʱĿ"ԣ˴Ϊ֮һǵ滺ã֢"ӼִľԻ֮ʱϵȳľζŨɢ"ζȻƷ"صЩҺ"ϳɢΪлϢͨձȥ뱱ʹ̣"





һһʮһ ɫϣ

ӼǳǳһھƣͻȻ£"Ѳ延"
ؽӹɱҡף"ʢ̫̫࣬ۡ"ԱָӼηŲµľ£˵׻ǧ಻Ϊܸһʱʹ⣬ǾþòͻʵڲʺϾӸλ粨
Ӽμ延ܶ飬Խ˼Խبϡ̾Ϣ೤"ײ֮ˡˣ£㣿"
˼"ʧؿüҪܻڴ֮ض뷨ȵģ˵֮ͨµڴˡ"˵Ѳѣ˵ײףʧؽϳϹٹϵҸȼǳж෴ãڼʧȥ˰
ִ֮綼Ӽһ벻ɣҰ¶˫۾ţϽָͨشˣ̫ӷŵ֮Ĺؼ
Ӽοҽ֧ŪɣȻǼƷ"̫ҵû壬ֻٿʧ"˵ðʲô⡣һɫȴѹ
ӼҲ֪ģ"ʽ΢˽ȥ̽̽ɡ"֪ǻȴʢĽᣬ΢΢һЦ"ʵһֱźˡ"
ؿմ˹߳ѣһǳɫԾƵЦǰǵӣӼοʢЩѣȴκ˶ͨ͸
ӼֻǺܶ鲻Ը˵˵áǿΪ̫û˾Ȩҹ̫ƽ̵ֻ̻̬Щˣӳ˷ƽޡΨɱ֮ǣӼδľԼһ㣬ľȥҲ²ģӼг֮ģִܹɾĸ飬ȥиšܳѵˡ
ذ˵˾仰"ˣƱؿԼ"
ӼɵЦһĿͫī"˵Ǹ̾ҷᣬնеӼʵǿ̫ߡ"ػ˵Щʲôȴֹ"Ȱο㲻أ˱оʢ뼽䲻˵ȴ"
ĿƳĸĳ̶ֳͬһˣƫƫ뼽ǡ
"һ֤ʲôȴԸʧԣ"ϵķɻң"Կɡ"

ضȥʱӼƮ˵ţֱܾȡݣ˭֪ܳͻɼòϻ꾩
Ӽϸϸʮݷʱһ࿰ƴʤ̣֮յԳЩƮЩ𹳹ã̧۾Ϳ϶¥ľʸ߸
Ӽʶ֣ϵ̴ľƤЩ⡣
"ܻʾɼǱȨ"
ƮŪǴĽ𹳣һʱҲû˼"Ȼ˴д˵"תת۾"˵Ƕʱµģ;У֮˴˷ù߸ˡ"
ӼγĬƮһʱ£"˵ʲôԽֻһ䣬ֱֱ˰˱ضͬˡ"
ӼεЦͬˣǰɡ
¥֮£ȷǲͬˡƮ͵͵ɫ"²վҪ鵽֮ͨˣүСġ"
պ󣬶֮
ŮӢ¶Ǹˣ⼸ӼνƵһʱַĲ¶ʵĲǡŮӢԸ㵯ɢģҲӦ
ͥµĳҶʢǳֻÿرǳǳʯչˮż㣬ƯŮӢһϲЩʳмι㡣
ۼҷȥӣñɫɴ´˼ǡֻЦ"СĴһ֪ˮķˡ"ŮӢͷԶԶһĨ֬ɫ"ˡ"˲Цܹȥţ"úҩˡ"
ü"Һõöˡ"û˵Ϳᶨɫ"һεҩ밴ʱүԸµġ"һʱΣֻף"ã㵽˭Ѿͷ˵á"
߿ŮӢЦ"ͶСҲãȥҩ"תȥˡ
ʽǰָմмϵȵɴҲˮʪȥ۵׵ĳԣŮӢվǸӣҲ罿Σ"ĳӲҲЩô"
źɫЬСĲ˳رǳǳĵˮǡŮӢȹҷʱӰȣϱͲһֱ񲻰Ƿ̨֮˴ǸһҹʱȫȻû˲Ҫȥ







һһʮ ɫ£

źɫЬСĲ˳رǳǳĵˮǡŮӢȹҷʱӰȣϱͲһֱ񲻰Ƿ̨֮˴ǸһҹʱȫȻû˲Ҫȥ
ŮӢæȥס㣬һ˲ĶʽڳˮԵĵغߵ;Ҷ֬ɫĳȹ֮Ȼˮֺ
̵ʱ䣬ʾԼ۾ŮӢ۹ȻĹӰȻƶޢ꣬סԼֻǡָ΢΢ɶ
ŮӢͻȻһ"㡣"ָȴԣ벻ţĵˮɻ᲻֪ǳ಻֪˾ٺΣһ˲İӿû㣬һ᲻Ҳ°춨
һŲԶ
ʺܿ쾪ñǣг˭֪ŮӢͻȻʹȻסŵ׾ʪԼվȡ
"ʣ"Ϥһ༱ݷһеľ꣬֬ɫӰ˲øҵֻӿֺݺݵһŮӢ˶ȥ
Ȼ̴ȴʳؾּУǰĻ淴˺ŮӢ۵׵ɱ𽥷Ŵʲô
ʲô
ȴһˮ֮иӼۼŮӢǺһֱˮС

ʵǳûпɲŮӢֻǺЩˮʪ͸һǴսӼθһ˾˲ӵסʣȴ֪ʲô
Ǽ°ŮӢʵͻڸȥҽȴɷǱŻһ᲻ֹ"ʣ"Ӽʹظοƽȴתֻܱ޹ҩߡ
ŮӢۿ˽ѾغƵۣ಻˿ɢȫûյӺݣԾֻػ֣صȾ˼ϧһֶ䡣
ϻ̳ϿֵӵϽȥݶÿƲסŮӢȴֻȥ
ʹĵܣҲϻͷ

ԼַƵǸͻȻЦᡣֻˮŻˣסذοҽΡûж೤ʱ䣬ŮӢȴǵһڿӼι̽ൣġڳǳԲӳ磬ˮܾ
ǼŹģδ"ǳʲô£"
ŮӢ۽⣬ֻҡͷһʱɫ԰׸"ڳι㣬㿴˱Ѱң˭֪ʪվȣҼȥȴ֪ôͻȻͽһƿվȾ͡"Խ˵Խ֪ǺãӼֻԱ߼ŮӢԲȥںý"ӲãЩĴ"
֪һľ±һʱŲߣƿŮӢҲ֪ˮˡӼЩΣСڼҲǽʳĶС㣬ܵЩʱȡͭ"һʱﷱæչ˲ȫûűãԼ޻ɲÿ"
ŮӢסǾӣȴԼִֻһ˫֣쳣ߣֶ޵̴أ̰ޱȣһʱֻԼȴȻ"Ѭ㼫ţŮӢϲ"
ӼЩ֣"˵㲻ϲζÿÿ˱㻻Щˬ㡣"תȥѾȵĻ̌ȥˣδעŮӢ˲ڣ"ҡ"
"ˣȥûˡ"뵿Ц˫ĿȴǧŮӢЩԥһʱӣᴵ"ȥ"
ܹƻӹһһںֱּ꣬ůȥ""˿˿δɵķӼʪͷڱ⣬ָ΢κοȴŮӢ
"ôʲôô"
˲仨ŮӢͻȻϸϸ̴벻֪ǺãȴֻҪܹ"ŮӢֻǡܽذˡ"
ӼЦ"ɡ"
"ǲֵΣ"
Ӽβ˵ֻŮӢɫ쳣ȫûˮľţһĿͫ"ֻĵ¡"
δ𻰣ͻȻŶ˲"ˣֱү"
Ӽʱ಻ߴ磬ŮӢ⧲׹ķѣӼľ쳣ֻߵùڼ˲ϸ"ϧ٣ҵһֻĵ"
ǧУǷʢ̫ǿù٣ֻոպãֺ

޹ʳɢͻȻ侲
"˱ãŮӢ¡"ἰŮӢˮУ֪ʱΪ"ͻȻʲôˣ"һ򣬶ܲõξš
ָȴİ"ӼΣңʢ̫λĶ֣δ֮"
۹һ"ôˣ˭˵Щ£"
"᲻һ"ִ쳣
"֪Ҳᡣ"
Ц꣬"˵ұûз᲻ҡ"
"֪㡣"
"ϣ־岡"ľ쳣ʹ"Ҫʲô㶼Ψ¡ҲԸ֡"
"С"
"ıҲʮġ"
ĶתȥЦ"ҲԸȴһǶ"ӼͻȻЩʲôЦҡͷ"ʱж̫ӵľʣ㵱Ǻһ䲻Ըأ"˦ӼβԸô뼽θ룬̫ӻʲôٵİ룬˱ֻ֪̫Ͽ¼ɣ׵ܵ಻Ź
һʼ̫֮仹صء
ȻӰȻ

ʽﲻ˵ǣ"£ˡ"һδأͻȻ˴룬ŮӢ½ʪѻöƽյĳȹԵЩ׹
Ӽû뵽ͻȻ"ŮӢ"
"ҡ㣬û뵽"תߣͻȻ̴ܻһ¼ܶȥʲ֪ʲôŮӢֻǺݺݵسԼƽϵϵ
ָԼƵģһѳ¡
"ŮӢĴ"ҴҶȥ
ɵķ򣬰뺾ˮһ갵ǧҡ
꾩
ܾʦسһʱȫǿ࣬Ⱥӭʥݣ֮ǰƣʥʤǰ
گ£֮ԿطռΪ׻У̫





һһʮ βǿ

άģ
꾩ʹڲ֮ȴһ£ͨʵս׿лء
"̫ΪΣ"
Կطã⣬ֻ¡ƽʵڣȴûо֮⣬"ԴӸˣĪѹ֮⣬ｭɽһϦһղи"
˻һϳͣȻȴ塣
ԿطԸǣֻۣܳһƣ"֮ŮԼʴ¡Ƶ޹ǰսˡ¼"
ֿҲӦʣ"̫֮ȣҿ̫֮ˡ壬ˡ"
Կطл¡ȴû뵽ͻȻЦ"̫лԼ޺βմͻ㣬бһ·գѹ̫֮¶˹ͱصν"
ԿطΪ˱סһſ˲࣬뵽˽һʱֲƾܵùԣֻӦ֮㡣

̫Թ֮ԣ"֪ճ"
"£"Կطϲ޵ǡ
"մƽָԴ"
"֪ѽܣҶҪƽװҽҲȲ˵Լһ£ʵ޿κΡ"
"ǳѽķǷ˺ս٣ƽ׳һƬȴ"Թ尵Ը̾˵Щϧ
Կطȴֲϣ"Ҷãиֳֻӣû"Թ忴һֱľ齱ߣʵǲͬ"ƽ׹ܺùһ仭"
"壡˵ʲô"üǳǼء
"ƽ֮Ľ֮ѱ¶ɣֻ粻İˡ"Թƶִ費ȥƽܺʹ繲ްúϣܺùΪһǰ̡˻ҪǷԿط⣬ɲԸ
˵ӣԿطȴͻȻӦ
"ĸ֮ۡǰҽƽ׻"

׼ͣ
֮ǰɢһʱ˷ѵĶֵɾ֮ĸʱڣͨеͽʵܣԿطһԶԶ˳·ܼøǽĴƽԹ֮˵й߾ٶԿطǰ¿ֹг֮˼޹Ψƽɥĸ֮ѾӦı뱣ƽ
֮˿أԿطڳ֮ǰƽף׽룬ԺɢһظȴƽӰԿط˲࣬"Сأ"˭̧֪׼ͻȻŭ죬վԺ͹˲ֱһһı
ǸȺ鼤ߣо֮䶼֪Կط¶֮ͨ¼ӹٽǲԵɣܹ㿪ʼ˴
Կطлεֹһֿסұۣ"ʱ䲻࣬ȥƽ׳"
סֱۣԴ"ҼСĴ㾹𱨣ɼǵ˶飮"
"죡"
ƽ׷ĸ׳Ⱦһֱ屧ܴشһƽ״ȥˣԼԿط߹
ӯӯһȴǲԸ̧׿"ﳼۡʵףذɡ"
"ģ㸸״֮ңԿط֮ˣʵػ졣"
£ƽ׻"֪Ϊһձصô˱¹ֲˣҵȥɣĸ˻¾լ"
"磿δ̫棬֮°ѣ»زҪһ·ܵвֻһȥܱһʱȡ"Կطȥϳ
ƽ׼ֲϣѹ"ԴˣѾּ⣬˵йԼ֪֮ʴ˽ղŵݻ⣬⿴Դ˵֮ϱǽ棬ԣƽһҹ֮Ѿǽڶʹǧ𣬸ʲǲԸԴΥģˡѴ"
ԿطҲ˲࣬"ٶ˵ˣȻ֪ϱϳͣ¸ӵ󲻵ãһȥɡ"
˺"°ٿȫԴ˱ȫƽ֪գ֮ұȥ㵱Ź޹ˡ"
"˵ʲô"Կط֪ڱȻߣȴͷһʱҲļȫͻȻڣ"ƽףϳ"
ƽͻȻᣬ"Ѿֺαء"
""򲻸Υĸ˲ݣܴشٳЩˡ"ƽĻҲˣ"
ֻúϳ

һл̫;ƽԹĵ˵ŷͰǰڸ֮ϣƽǿ̣վ̲ס޳
ԿطԲֵ֮࣬ݽһӣȴ˵κΡ
С㲻ֵޣ̲סᡣ
ƽ׵֣"һᣬΪ˺ϼպߵҫҲǷŲ㡣Դ˼ȻϹ˼ң㵱ౣס˵ʲôɵ"Ǿˣ֪˳ˮۣƽ£ѵǰܵһǲ֮еҡ
޻ƽֹסᣬ"˺ȲԼУҪСģٿڳѷ"
ίŲԸ̧ͷ






һһʮ عʱ

ǰֺңáİա
ԿطۼľĴʧȥģԶ̾Ϣ֮֮ˣȴһߴرʵıûдֻǹ̫ףʱ಻ԣԹŻӹ޵ȡ֮ʵ£ϧʥһı̫֮ðգȻο˹ᣬܳ¾ֿضֻһʱ֮Կطʵڲܹͬ
ǰȥ·ɢ˵ȣƽ׸оͻȻ֪ͣͣǰ϶ڲͬУԿطԸȥİ
ĵףΪ֮ͬԿطıֶ಻򵥣ĵ׽޷¶еޡƽ׺ȻǲͼߣҲգҲãĹվ棬˱ΪʹȻ
̫ƽＰʣļѾͷȫ֮Уƽ븮֮㲻ټκˣֻڲУհԼ֮С
ԹżȻãȴ֣"粻ȥ̽̽"
"ȥ"Կط·"֪бزܣοΣƽױز£ȥ˷ĸѿαء"
"ʥ֪֮£ο˸Ĵͻ"
"޷Ĵ"Щȴʵ飬"˱Тʱʥ²ǿѡ"
ԹЦһǿѣġ

ĴգԿطڹ£ܲɣ෱񣬻ùϹӣ"ϱǲӼιӭʥʹ̫ʺѡټ"
"ӼΣ"ԿطЩԾ"Ϲɵǽͷȴ¡"
"ôھпϱӦǴˣʹ̫"ǣ˿ڣһʱʹֱ£"˽ȿȡ"
ԿطȰһ֮ϣʹ֮ԶϹңԾɵȴྲ֮⣬ʥһӼֻԻƳ̵档ϰʾԼ£"ȷͷҪ֮£ԹίΡ"
Կط׹"Ӽ̫֮λضס"
"˼գ֪ǲǰȥ޵˼ϱֻ̣ͨǸȡ֮أл̽ʵӼԼλǷܹ˳˱һ֮ǰ̽顣"
ԿطŴһȴԼϹһ·һ˰ͼƱԹʱ֮ͨ·ִͳ֮¡ÿƣԿط֪ϵ߾ںδ"֮⣬˵²Ӧʣ"
ϹһЦ"˫Ψ"
Կط֪䱾⶯ҡ֮ͨ°߳ԭӦԵһȶʱڣ򲻸֮죬Ϲսһʱ˰ٵȹȣ顣
Կطϸϸӣ"ʥ¡Ϲ˽⣬شʥίɳǰȥ"
ף"д⣬ȴ֪Ƿ׵Ȼ̫Ϊ֮׼ˡ"
ԿطȥʱҽڵʱֻǵҪ£ʱȴö׼ʱ˲ֱ"ƿǣ򲻿ġ"
ԿطԸ"˭׼ڴ˴СУϲſں˵ģ"ȴ֪֮ʱΪգοղϢģǽϡ˿£һ·ɫأ±͵ǣ˼̫ĸ۶

֮ǰ鸮ŵѶԿطӣͷҡ֪ĵ֪ǷǵõԸ
Ǭǰ˲Ϣ任һʱǰѲ⣬ԴҺò̫ãԿط̳ӿɽӿȥ
ͼߣұӦ˴ߡ

ȥһʱ׳죬ȴɲƽӰԿطѾͷѯʣ"֮Σ"
"ƽСԸúüãδ"
"ǵûʱҽΣ򲻿ɳ˲أǶҪǵжĺ˾ɵӣô"
"ǡ"
˵꣬Կطת֮ȴͻȻϤ"̫ɵÿƽ׼л"ƽһТ԰ɫǸոᣬһγԿطǰֻݲ٣"α˿"̾
鷿֮иˡ
ƽʩԿطȴΣ"ƽףǿΪ֮ұ־룬㵱ǳ֮ΣСô"
"֪Ҿ޴⡣"ƽҡͷ"Ϊǰм̫"üü񣬱ǽڶʹϵ飬һϦ֮䲻ֲˣȴ
Կطʾƽҡͷ鷿֮лڣ"ƽ⣬̫֪"
"֪㲻Ըʱ˶ݣοֱ֮ϵ"
"ı֮²һգƽ׵֮ʱд롣ʹƽײŮ˼ǼҹεҪܻ֮ãǣ"۽⣬"ǵĳ£ѱսƽ׾뿴"
ԿطΪˮֵݹȥԥΣǽӹһ˲仹ʪ½"ƽ׿̽ƻ˵ף֮ҵ"
Կطû뵽뷨"ƽףкθɣ"
ذŮӺǱˮͻȻԿطٱȥȥǱӣһʱδģ"Σ֮ƽ׽չ̫Ϊ"ƽ˲ӻóذףԾǰл
Կط󾪣ָǴɱԵ鼱֮·ֶȥѸͺݺݻֳֽ漴ѿ
ƽ⧲ˤڵϣһŮԲѸ٣"ô"δǱײƬǻ˾ѪɭȻһذϴʱ
"ҺãȵһʱȲһ"
ʱѶԿطȴǴŭ"ΪǶ˾ĸҲԿطסô"
ƽ״㵣ȫֲָ֪֮˭ֱǱײһʱ
ԿطٶԹԥȥ"Ҹ㣬ƽףйĸڲУʹԼ͵ҲüסΪúóȥ"
ĸףٴʧʹޡ
"ܱܲҪסģضҪס"һμüȻƽغƺر
չⲻϽӰѵسЦϲ˭˵˭ִš
˵ҪסġҪסԼô
ƽֲ̧żԼָƣѪ˳ֶ£ȴδۣ"룬ֺαƭء"
Կط"ʲô룿"
"¡"ҲԸᣬ˵ȴû˿ݣ˵áԿطѪ϶ʲô¶ˣԿطֹ"˺αƽף֪˶Ҷ϶ҴӦȻ"תȥ

ҹΪ¥ңѹ佻졣
Կطձ㼴̣У"ȥ֪ղŵù鷵ƽʹ֮Уڹ壬Ҫñɵ¡"
Թȴ"ϹԸýʹ񲻲ʾϳϡ"
Կطü"ȶˣԡ"
"ǻԾɴϣ"
"˻ԭǴУҲ˹黹֮ʱ"ţȴùӡ˽˵͡Թ忴ţƽ׵ŵУѾǼ֮ˡ

ӼִƮƮһֽſȥ˷ϡ
"®"
ûԿطλٴ£ִʻظ
ټּʱԿطѵ®ݡ








һһʮ ܰĶຮ

ܰĶຮʱȹֽһԺȻģ
ĵüԿطϣӰֻ֮͸ֽǡǽ˷ת˪
Ļشܼ̣֣"̨"
Կطֽ˽ٿȻҽӼβϹԼ£®֮ϹͥԺˮΪɣԽУб𲻿˵ڴԿطʼЩīԷ飬ճʤ𣬴ˮԭмھĵ괺طٽӡ֮к
˽ҹУ¸һοе̴㣬ݷ֪ԡ
ԿطʵٻصǷ֮£߽룬һжʼƿأһּ΢ĸоΪø
Ӱ֮ϸ΢ĻζҪɽѰԼźá
һʱϢ߲϶ɽ
Ӽ֮ӭʹ̫һ̲죬̳¿ȥϱš
ӼΰȻȴЩ׳ƳĻ֮̿⣬ɽȫӼԿοȰ
ƫҪȡӼĿ֮ݾϰ֮Уÿյ٣ƣȫ޼ҹ̬֮
ϱϣհ
ƮӼ֮ͤ⣬صãͤӱмͨϵ׺ȴϺõɴϣһƮ֮裬Ϊ¡Ըˣ˴Ӷһ·ɴźܻ䡣
ƮֻһֱţӼε̧ۣɴ֮ƮӰӣ"ҼղأΣ"
"һƽδ"
"Ǳá"ٶ˵
Ʈҧ̣ӼԼйȰһǼñ֮ܿˡ

ȵ䣬Ʈһֱš
Ӽչ䣬Щ뵡ɫƳͤˣȴ߳"֪Ϊһֱô"
"үȰ"
"ֺ֪αǰ"
Ʈ鼱Խ˵Խù֮˾ƴϸ"ʵ¹شүвΪϳҵȶɽȥһ¶ˡ"
"ʱ˴¡"ɴ֮е֮ͤɫɣЩŭû"ǱŰɡ"
嵭ٶȥ֮ʱ̴ȴһۡ

գ
һ֮⣬¹漤ߣ"ʵ֪Ƶ̫®ӼξȻϰʫ"
ԿطվδӦЩϢ˸"ݳª˴ӶʽŲһȫɽ㷣һա"
ԿطȴЦ"Ȼˡ"Բ˷ǣӼεļִκξ䣬Ȼϰڽɽˣǲȡ֪ԼԿطȴůʱο
"ٵȵȡӣΡ"˲ŭ֮⣬ϺȻǰ˲˵һʱֻ¡
̨ϵһҹʱԶȽҪõĶࡣ

ա
ټǣһֽżȻԾӼεּ˽֮ſȴ"̨ϷΣȥ̨սԼղ׾ڲпճչܣ³չ鷵̽δӭ̫ˡ"
Կطֽɿһֽȳ촷ۣ"ӼΡ"ַüǶ
һǱϻ֮ݷĿӣȥ̽ʵĲֱκݺժ¡
հհգգջһҹҲˡ
"ɽ"

Կط̤ϽϹ֮ʱӼ¶Ƕӭڹ֮ף
ݣˮһЦնǰ򣬸
ԿطǰֹһʱӾ̾Ϣ"ӼΣ˵Ǹӡ"
УǻȻīֱֱͫԼһʱǧｭϻһ绪
վûжãȴֻټĳֶ͡
紵䣬ĺɫĺϣǰһҹ˱֮ΨһӰ
Ŀƾ棬ֱĵԼȻ
˴龰زҶԣԿطڱù߸ոȻ磬ȺͳͳΨͻ
ԿطԸϣΨΨŵŵ벻ۣһʱ˳ƶ£ֻڣӼָ΢
һֱˣ䣬ǻҪǳˣΪʲô۵ͳͳŲ¡
Ӽֻףѹ֣"Կط"
仨ʱַ

ǽü֮˷ſ̴֮ľӰȻﰲοȴ󲽶ȥ







һһʮ һĲϣ

ӼΰԿطٽ꣬ٲȪˮ΢ǽϺ÷羰ǧŵƻİػ꣬뵵ñ˾Ĺ
ҹ֮мݵĹӭҹ費һһ;߲Ӱ١

ӼһƽıɫѶҹβǡǳ¶˵ӣճȥܼ貵ƻ߹ȥȹԶԶһЦתǣ"ϹʶֻһƥǾ߲̫۹⣿"Լȥ̨ȴֻǣһƥ
ԿطֱҪӼ˺"̨֮ԼҸ㡣һұ塣"
˼"һ᲻Ӧ;ɵػָ֮£"
ӼȥЦݣȻЩź"Ǵ¡"
֪ʱب֮仹Щʲôһʱ֣"ʡ"
"̫ǲɱģ"
ԿطȻս"ǡ£"ҹɫ֮ӼεĿԨ޵ס
µ²ϷԿطȻԼΪʹµͷʵ޴ӼˣԶҪء
ִ⸰ˣɡ
һҪۡ

"ûһôҲգֻṇ̀Կطɱһɲδ˼"Դأתκɫ"һŵԾɴӣǰԵ塭"Ųǰչȶȥ
Կط춯Ӽβͷִǰߡ
"ӼΣ"
ǱɫӰ
""
ԾߡǡһֽߣٶһϢ
ҹ֬ӻӭָǰ
Կطǰ"˵һ飬һϹ֮ͨ±֮ϱɣ"
ӼӰһͣһľ룬Զĸ¥ɴ¥ǼС̣ߺЩƱʳյ˼
ԿطͻȻЩţͣΨһǾȻ"㻹벻Ҫˣ"
仰ȴʵȫ˷ЧӼٶֱֱرҪ߳ȥ"㵱ʲôˣһΪһӡ"Ӱγ֮⣬ӿڻȴûü˵ꡣ
˲ĻشͻȻ޲ٳڣǱɫӰʱԿط
Ӽι˲þֱӱϣͷϹڴڼ֮˦һͷȫȻɢ֮ϣԿط˫ֹסӼεҶԶ׼ĿάֲסƵɫǾȣ"㣡"
Կطãԣ"ꡣڿ֪Ϊʲôֻǣһƥ"һǰһϣӼѲֻܱ뱧ڻУȥֱ̨ӵǣһ·ϱȻֵĻнУµƱȺ"Կطǲķˣſң"
˸عסԼӼθٶ"˵Сҧͷ"о֮˻һݲԿطЦӱ޶ȥ
Ľ֪꣬нǷ˿Ƕ˾ȥˣü£һסǳĻ꣬һƴҹȥİףɽˮɣٸϳʣ
ǰ

꾩
̫Կط͸˲࣬޿͵ţҹԼž
Թִͥɢȴſڵɽʯ֮Ӱǰ鿴ȴƽס
ѵÿϳԹԥһ£ǰŵҪظȥţ˼䣬ƽѾӰת
"ƽСˣ뿪"
"⣬ƽû˼"һТɽʯԵ̨ϣ"ڸá"
"αطҪŴأ"Թƽ׶ձŲҲǱƻˣ˵˵ҲǺ£Ǿ;Թȥ̨һࡣ
ƽ̾"Ϊѣڻǰ˻ԼĻѣ»֪ճ"
Թ忴"ȻͶģǺһ׮"
ƽֵתԥ"ˡô֪ƽס⣿"ʵԼҲȫޱҪͿףԿط֪
Թзɫã"ʵҿϵŮˣıһʱעЩҲ֪ĻЩճ˵ĻȫΪƱͼ֮£㡣"
ƽ״ףһʱĬ̾ҡͷ"ôӣʱһ룬ѾںǷˡ޴ģ˵ʲôáοТ"ƳеĹžʵ"˿ú飿"





һһʮ һĲ£

"԰￴Щʱɫ˾Ĵߡ"
"飿ŷ"
Թ΢Ц"ҿǰӵܣδܽˡ"ƽ׳ݲȥǺòɫȴԱ¶ϧ"ʩαΪӷ"˫ֺʮӷ档
ƽײҲЦ"ҵˣջȥѰô䡣"˵Ӹѹ
Կط۾ϸϸĬ
"ʱһһʱһһ룬ģʳڵ۲룬ģʳڷģգ龲һһģĲ鶯һһһƶҵõһĲ𣬼ƶҵõΪзޣڷУʥޡʥģܿնͬ"
˲ʹƽ۾ҹĲԹ屾ȰˣȴԼĵ׵Ĺ¡
˰֮Թʯ֮ȴδԼκϲãǰζƵĵط˵óԸȴٸĵա
ǸӣǽɻʲôԸԹ־ú£֣ӦѭԼĻȥǾȻϰǴӵ
ſ˫֣ͼԼȥץסЩϧΨʣ»أ
ʯ֮ϵ˸ˣƽͣס۾"֮ÿվΣ"Ҳ˯̸ǡԹ˵£Ҳ˳Ż˵
飬ｻٽֻǽ
νǿʼĽ㡣

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΢Цףתص

һҹд̫¡
һͬȥ̨Ұɼҹ֮з貣ڤڤеƿİ֦Ҷơ
ǡеĲ

ӻΨʣǲк졣
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ɽƽȻȥӼ˵˼ȴȻ
    
˻ܣǵöҹӻѪ
Կطɿһ֮ϣڵ̨˵Լѡ񣬴ʱȥ಻֮ǰֲ̨ϣӴһб˵塣
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ԿطΪʲôҪ
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ɱ㣬һֱס㡣
    
ӼκȻֳסۣǺ˱ȡ󣬡ֺαؾҡ
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ȥսָ⣬ôת̨
Ӽȥʱˣ˯֮಻ůǵĸ˵ӱض˯ǰѬůܺߡ
֪̬һлȻ˹Ѫһҹ갾ķǣ̾žޣοţھޡ
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ԿطᣬƳľʱЦɸһ԰ʯ֮ϡ֪ڴ˴һҹ
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Һ˽ۡ
Կطû˵أۼϵĻȷ˵òԼշ緶ֻȫһҹ£տԵԼɵʱòȻΡⲻȥ֮ˡ
Ӽһ֪еΣȤԿطԿطӼĵůԽǲͷԽҪִת˵أ
ǰббһīɫͫīƻɣֺ
̫Ȼ֣ʯ֡
еӼѵõķ⣬ҹȻ
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Կط뿴⣿
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Ӽλ飬ϲ֣Ϊүնÿջع
£Σ
պõöˣۿߵ޹⣬ѹδ˵
£ԽȥҲžֽ΢΢ů峿ɽʪȻˡ˯С
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￴ǹҹĲˮ
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ƽ׹ǡ
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οԿطǻ˵ȥƽǵͷʱλﳼ֮Ů
һʱ£˿Ǽö˵ȻΪ㡣

Ȿ֮е顣
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ԹĬȻ˸ĸʵƽ׵ʬδ˱㿪ʼżŮıãⲡƹĲ֢
˰ҲԹ֪Աƽ׻պɾһˡ

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˭׼ֱ̫ģ
ԹۼҪִæƽ׵ڲУҪʲô
ƽ޷ֱ棬Ҳ̲סᣬתܳȥ

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Ѱ˰ȴϥڷ֮⡣
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߹ȥ̾ƽ̧ͷԹ壬ʱ߷ߣߣ£ˣҲЦ㡣ߡ
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ƽ⻰Ҳ̲ס޵ʹ죬ұԸˡ.ȴҪӦŻ¡֪Ը
Թ̾ϢҪοЩʲôȴ־ôʱ˵ʲôǶ࣬οƽ׵ҲַܹˣϾΪƽ׺á
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ƽۣͻȻȥľţǷã
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ȱһʱ΢΢ϵľһ˿ߣʯ΢ƮֱֱصνȥȻʡ
ԹһξãȻ

˻ߡƩˮֽ֮˹١жӰߡ԰ˡʲɳšᰮɼӡ
һͬ£ľģԭһγʵһȶȣΪԼ
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ƽײͣ΢΢һһֿ顣
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Կط㣬Щʣ˵ĸоƽһֱסϷǺʱڣ
ȴ޻һգҺʹһ˭ܻӮ
ƽֻЦ
ۺһ죬Σ
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ӭԶԶɫѣͻȻЩʲô˵Ҳʡ֮˾Ǿ֣Ӽοͣǰ档
¿ͻȻʣղŹٷδȥŵò٣нȴֲţݻ֮˿±Ǳ֮ˣǵżҲȥ£嵭űɫѾȥˣ˭
οһֱţ˷̬ȼưԹص
޿֡
ӦΣ˻𡣻߻ǾЩҪҪǡ
ȥ˭
Ӽͬ˲ʱǧͷССһסȴҡͷοʵ۾ź
ʣ´μҩǵñ룬
סؿڣ
ҩˡˡ.ת鷿ߣٶ˵Щʲô

ЩʲôҪҪ
ЩʲôҪҪƭ
֮ԾЦŲȥȤҩģˣز߳ݻøɾ׵롣
οأ˵ˡ
Ӽ鷿֮Уڰϣ־ԼЦ˵ԼҲҪȥ̨ȡ
˭Ҳȥ˭

ڰǻ⡣
ȫվˣʲôʣص°ӼοʼӶٴ֮ʹ
ϸϸ쿴ЩƤ⣬ϳĲɻгʱ״ǡΧһؿסˡ
Կطɱҡ
̾꣬ѩ˪ʲ졣ǧ̫޷Σ̾ɽվҲһ
ֻأ

ƣ©Կࡣҵǣ̵ɶԣҵǣ˫ɣۻӰ裬ܽзĽ

츲֮󣬱ɡ
ɫԹڷ֮мҪ꣬׼Żȥƿȴʯһˡ
ƽף
ǰȴһԿطʱԼ˵Ҳʱˣʲôʱȴȫ֪Թ߹ȥ࣬ƽɫҲûʲô£
ͷ΢΢ЦҲˣȴý˷ãֲš
ֺηҲϰ߶ѣ˺ܾô
ƽҡͷҲǸոչ





һٶʮ  Ͻ;

ͷ΢΢ЦҲˣȴý˷ãֲš
ֺηҲϰ߶ѣ˺ܾô
ƽҡͷҲǸոչ
ԹͻȻЩ꣬ͻЦ۾ˡ.ԼòţЩϸϸˣϸȷǿˣ
޷ǾɻҲ̸ѡƽЩ˼
Թף޷ǲԸܿࡣҲ֮顣
ƽ׾Ļܹ˶ȷǼ£ÿιܾðȻ࣬Ŀͣϣں㡣
ԹȴͻȻȥں
ƽ׸˵ԿطһֱϷѰϢȴͻȻЩʲôɻȥҪַԼʧ񣬼æ֣Թֻ棬Ҳȥ޷뿴
ƽƳϵĻЩ

Ӱ΢ƽֵؿӣ·
ԹԭżֻݾʱĵذŪţ˵ӱ˳ƿȥûʲô쳣ʱְˣҲʲôǡϸ򵥵ưɡ˵ȴҲסǡתոնƽһ棬ľͷԭúõ·ͻȱһ飬Ǳʲôȥһ˿в޶˵ؿȱССһʡ
Ĳע⣬ֻԭһ·ͬʮǮľžİɫǸպõĽǶȣ鲼ϸܵĵ￴ó
Թ۹һƽлֲڣ֪³©ȻطӣʮˣԼǵմν̵ٵһο±ȫˡ˵ͷЦֿҴǰҡ
ƽҲ룬ôʲôףӿһֻ
ԹĬ㿴óֱ𣿡
ƽЩǸɫҡ.дβεģҽǵοҲԸҵŽҵСľͻӣ統ʱ˺ܴ
ԹЩϸ־ôʹ֪Ҳ޷ɫƽ绥ⱾΪֻԼи죬ڿ˼Ʒȴû뵽Կط䱦ˣǱѾǺˡ
ƽףǵƽҲǺˣ˱ϡ
Թ˷磬ɫһɴԵĵؿڣƧȥɣ
ƽȴҡͷȥ߷߲ƽִֻӦ»£ƽһʱð
ʱϹлˮԾػģվù磬ʹҲزȥ
Զһֽⲻᡣ
ƽ׺ǸȤҪɽ׼ƽŽϷ⣬ȴһֱüƽ׷˿ȥ˳󣬴Щ۵ĲŮӵãԹ̾Ϣνϣƽ׿ԸͬУ֪޿ѯʣ˵һȴ档
ƽתǰȴԿطһԣмìܵʣľͣȴʧΣԡ
Թ岻һӵˮǣΣȫ۽üңŷȴҲ˰
ƽ˵ĸоֻ˲俴۾ģҲ˼Ŀοͷһ棬ִԲͬ·ˣΪ˴˶֪ԸϧΨһĹ⡣á
ӶЦԿطͻȻԼеĲݾط뻳пմˮ
Զ֮Х쳣Ѹ͵תתأԹȥ㣬ױ䣬꾹˿ӻ
ƽȥȹϵ峾ǺܰϧԼŮӣȹ΢΢شᣬϸϸãԹ岻ֻˣҲܷģɵˡϧȹӣһʱҲ¶ġ
˭Ҳδע⣬Թ˵ԼҲܷģǴҲܷġԭôȥҲǵĹһ˵ĸоֻԹԼ

תĹ⾰꾹Ѿк¡žʯ֮˲ʪһƬƽذ׵ڵϺܿգԹ岻̣ȥЩˡƽɫһӳİͥԺŴӽԹ˵ȥƽȴȵĵ̾Ϣһ䣬ԹҲ֪˵ЩʲôҲ֪ʱںδһںҲǲܲˡ.
һ޴ףƽվЩ⣬ֶ΢΢ڶ޴ĺ֮ʱҪڶϣԹ£ɵҲ£ǿЩȥ¡ԼⷽŲҹϣƽ΢΢ز뵽ЩԹźҲֵǰ𡣡
Ψƽ׿ȥɡ

Ω˼ƴɫϽ;顣
ҹԿط̤ϱأǲźģȴ޲
һѻһ֧ǲǼȫȻĨøɾֻǰѻֱվȥȻ˷ͷ
ϧһдۣҪһУӼܲס

ԶԶһССéݣ谵ߴ͸̫ŭһȻã˷˴Կط̾һ£ɿҹԶΨһԶԶǳ̲Ʋ鿴ЩʲôǹȥֱԿطֹҲʲô£Űաξ֪Լݣ˼ɵһϸæµ





һٶʮ Ԩ̾

ȥʱæע⣬߽®˾ס滧®ݽ·;ԶҹڽߣҹҲۡţǿʲôҪĶҴҵŵéﱼȥδܳԶ㱻£ǳ⡣
ҲȻͣ£תԿطߣøҪʩ庮ľչȶһ˷緶ԿطɵһˣȻ̲ס³һظȴЩһ˺ȻЦҹ·ɵӣһ⽭æµҲ֪Щʲôһ̲סȥ̫ڴˣһ鲼»ݣ
ˮһ£ǽȵԿطѡ˽סµʱ̷𣬴˿ǵϹ߸ˮԼżڴϵ֣Ψ־Ҫˣﻹʲô̫΢΢㼱ڻȥ
Կطٶʵ֣һʱ⣬ҹ缱ڴΪ£ˮ֣ĬĬЩֻ֣ſЩŰġ
˽սСС¶һֶȥʱ̲Ҫǰ°ˮʲôϱߵļϸҹڷ͵͵..
ԿطȴЦǵҲȤˣһ˳ɵʲôǰŰˮǼҶɵé߹ȥ
ſڷӲսЩˮ̣Կطʹǲľϲû쳣֮һʱǹŹ֣ѰͰܾȥȻëܳİˮײˮˣ㡭
ԿطһĶһҹȴǶʲô
ˮ׿ľɵҪɽȥʯ˳ôУԿطذνϱˮȴ£֪Σһ仰Կطס´㡭
ˮҡͷ̾Կطһ죬Ϊʴ˽ϽȻֽ磬ǰʱͻȻ⡭.ֱԿطЩǫ֮⣬һհ¶ɽƽأ°ͼǷд
ԿطһȻʣ˵Щʲôȴҵ֮Զر»Ȼ
˻ҵéŵؽ¡

ʲô飿
ųȥͼ꾩ӼܱŻգмگ鷵
ʥΣԿطüվڷУ˵ϥعòһʱԿط֮ҹϻ꾩
ƳǼéݣǰµҡҷԿطԭйͻȻڷҡڵľŴĳնȫ

é̼ܵ©磬߷缱Ƕϵļϸľҡҡ׹ˮȴҲһۣȻԵΨһʯ֮ϿԼһƤͼּܵЩͼһһط̿ʹգӣǽü֮˶ԼųˮκλӦ˼żǻȥ֣ɢȥֽʣ΢΢һЦ̽ȻϨ
ҵʱ®ݳǵķȥ
һаӿ

Ӽǿһվľַ鰸ϻξˣȴԨԨˮȴԼĵӰ
óԨ٣ֻ̾ǣ
ǶǻĵϷһܳյģЦóҲҪ̬ǿȥѶĲŲɹ
֮ͱҪʼѰ䣬ΪʲôӼʵҪסֻܻ
Ȫ延߹ǣ϶ѡ
ԭеĶ˵ˣҲʮӡ

ӼΪⶫزԼסȥģҲԼ⣬Կطʢŭ֮¹鷵زٹЩʲô
ʲԼЩȴҲִΪˡӼ޵ܣҪƽӡ
ϹĬ°Ծܹһ˭֪δ⹫ЦøģֱֱؿӼﶼǻֻ˵ϲ£ߴүЩȥ
ԾųִǰӼ¶οڱǲ˳ϳӦ´¡
Ӽζٸ⣬Կطһӣزˡ
˵Щʲôȫǲ壬Ӽվֻ϶¥ִӦ´£Ӵ˸ҪԼϻزͷ·;Ǻġ
Կط֪ԸȴһһηҪɽӽסܰݣ˲óͷô

ӼڹйТФ޹ԳگʽΪ̫ӡⱾҲûʲô⡣ӼιؽּЩпҲޡ˵Щʲôأݻϲ򱯾ȫȻܴԼֺ
ܳӻӿտռڼϣĿɽΪһ˫ͲϧȪ꣬ӼͻȻоޡ
ͷߣ㿴üЩ֣ҲɣܵóԸһЩһЩ㣬ңȫȻҪȽտ֡

̫ҫ;нֵȫȻѹȥٹʲô飬ԭַ֮ɨ档
ٶ࿴һۣûκ塣
֮ϵ˺۱ϸذڳ֮УǸḷ̌ش̽˹ѪӼθְѹ۵

һ豻Լ糿ߣضӦÿӼܷ֮ȴЩϲ컶Ц
ƿȥض޹֮һգӼε΢΢ЩӽԺǱֱ˴ˡ
һ˲伫ĵɫˣҰתתΣֻҪǵܹƿȥʱݷһֱܰȻʡ
˵Ҳʣױõؼҡ
̴ȥӹĹۣһЦˣ

ӼξǵһΣ˲ǰ






һٶʮ 

ӣʱҲйľֱסӼαһֱ˳ϵӣ㸡ͫȡǴʲôʱʼԱԣͽһյɫס
Լǰ׵ղóӼҷͤжһ·ȥ
һִǲףȴڿֽӹѰȴˡӼԾɲԸۣȥ֪ô
Ц֪ᣬ롣ʮ֮ĳˮƢл㣬巼ֵ֮ʱⶫ֮ȴȣ·˵ľʱҲ濴ʵ˫ĿӲѰġ
΢΢ҡͷһĶ˵ȥҲֻ֪֪㻹ǵҪߡЦüǰοľøж֪֪ʽվܺã𣬷Ǽ޵һ˫ĿŻԵ÷⽿ǧɴҷأǹд̫ĺ񣬵Ǽݻٿ黷䣬ԶԶȥǡһĵĻͣһ㣬ϺǧĳϼʯϾҲ˿
Ӽܵͣ˺ܶࡣȴΪȻֻΣ
չȥӼϵ˿ڽԶ޴󰭣ȥǷġʽԽеóϥϣؿӣӼ߾˵֮ƻص˾ʱ⣬֮ΩԸϲǡ
ղָƣĲָ֮ⷽءʫõ־档
ĵӼЦ΢΢̽˿֮ϣ¶ԭһϢд棬ǣ
Һúÿһָķк£㿴ģһɡֻص£ӵΪ˼۲£ӼǴ˼׽Ū׾ɿڣҪ޷ֲԸ糺ղϢģȻƭãҪȥϲա
Ա߶ãӼΰЦɱҪöˡʲԸֱҪϷϸϸù־֣ʢ²뷲֮Ტۣյüȷӹֻǣ
Ӽ΢΢̧ۣ濴ô
£ֻЩط񡣡
ǼԸἰӵģɨһ۱Ҳȥ̽ٿȥֽ䣬̴棬֫Ӽβոյõ΢Сƽֱƣǲ¼ʵ⡣Ҽʵزоɣοǵʱ˽Գ¼ɣշתս֮в֪ʧ˾֮Ҳδ֪
ףȷʵ˲̫ӵȥɣҪȥõ
㻷ţһʱ̾˵̫ӽѵ磬ͻȻˡ
գȥԲңһʱ֣ȷϣƮͤ⣬ıҷ߰԰ơ
Ϸ˼ǳǳڶϣ΢תȥ˯ˡ

仨ۼˡ

Կط̫ⷽƽͶټϻ꾩ظֱʹаȻɣ֮ȴǷĻɭɭ
Ԫţе쿪ȥٽԪΪͩľӶ࣬һϲɣһ౳ȴǼԿط񼸴֣»ϼͷãȴֹԽǼˣԽﲻܿתһˣǳسգһ뼺Կط첽ӭϣΣ
ҡͷҪ˵ЩʲôԿط춯ЩŮŸոźϷµҩü֮ŴԴ˺á
⣬Կط˾ǣæֱܹ˵̫ͺãȥͨϡԿطӦŻװݱգȴͩľģٿظ̾漴ȥ
Կط۹һͩǰĹϰ̾ٽ˵ǰͻȻ˽ŲշҩĿء
Կط׽ȥڲ֮Ҳɲ¾˵һȥڱ˵֮£д£
ԿطȴδΣ̻Ǿ뱣ЩϺÿˣ̸ϵ
ϵͷΪβϱֱӦ̴ͨ£
ԿطȴֻʻΣش𣬡屧οʱӦ´±ʱƫ⣬ϹɵĲһ·˼ȷʵΪӦϱͨοҳϹ鸽֮⣬ʵڱס
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Կط³֮ϻ̲ȴȻҪȥȡۣ̾Ϣȷһ׳ȴˡΪȡǷӣصϣͬġ
ظޣ෶ͬߵɳ뱱ܱᣬ°нУ߹з
֫ٺ֮Ѫͣ²ͨǰѣ䣬ϼ΢΢üһССľƣԿط˲˵Щʲô֮ȴǼٵĴϢָ΢΢Կطּ¡
ϣ
ǿ֮ĩ֪ܰüʱԿطȥεطסұۣںһ˵ľ˵о֮Ѱã޳
ԿطЦŽӹϣžһʲô£ϱ򲻿޻̸֮оСۣܵ棿
΢Ц֣ؽگԿطֻùӣǼΪǰ죬ƽ
£Կطջگ֮ϣ΢΢ѹ˿ڣĶ̾Ϊ⣬޹˴˽٣вȣ챣һҵ֮֡
ԿطǷگԻɿ֣ƮȻ£һϮڵ岻֪ӣ׼򡭡..δ˵ͻؼһѪӿʱƿȥҽ
ԪһƬţԿطڰͩľ֮죬һ۹ڣתȥ






һʮ ֮㣨ϣ

̫ӭ濴Թ幪Ӧص졣Կطʱɣ֮֮һʱ̻δѸ£ôԹ֪
˲¶˵ֱֱؽסԹ鷿ѯʣݲȣ˼֪ճҥԣ
ԹԼѰ£֪֪ݻ֪µҥԴӺ֮ȥԿط̧ˣ
ҡ
ԿطЦȻܹѰľƾżȻ
ǣɢЩҥԳȥٽľƸϣµò㽫ʥԿطͻȻǰս֮ؿܵЩ͸оִ̧򼸷һ·֡
Թɫ΢΢ڲ裬ôӦúõò࣬˴ĲءԿطĿͻ΢΢۾ʲô˼ԹƵǲȻ̧ۿеӰҥ֮˵գҲƱͼʱӦ֮Գ¼͵͵ڽͷβִԲıϣ°յõ˻ϲصẕ̇ҪĶҡ
ԿطĬͻȻʣϾкιϵ
ԹѲ豭ϣľ᰻ݷ֮ͣԾҺ֮շɼ
Կطֽ̧һֱëʷȥ豭Ѷ飬Թ壬Ϳľϣ
ǣ˽Ӵްоɼ֮ڱؽշءǣˣӺãѰĵ֮ڳ£ϸϸ˵һЦ⣬գգܳûӦĵ޻̸֮˵ĵȫ

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һ֣̫ࡣ

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ΣԹһظҲ˳ˮۣȥǣֲΣЩʲô
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ǼǵõģһǧӲǳ΢ЦִǶƣִףִⲻŲʣִ⡭ϸԼ̧ˤȪ٣˲ıԿطټ˱ɫȴ֮ͫԼǡָ֮¶ȣľҲһ̴Ļ꣬ɢ½ܷ·ܹȴҲ
һѻεؼǵݻʱľԿطǰ򽭱ߵӰ壬ţѰһ˷ǡ
ѰüˣҲ
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Թ˵ҴӦˣȵһг䶨ӭȢƽ׹

ԹͻȻվ𣬡Ϊʲô
̧׼ɫ֣ƽʶֵ꣬˾ôԹδѿڶɴ֮ǶŮ֮顣˵˲žԼЩʧ̬΢΢ĿΡ
ԿطȥᣬҸˣӦ˾ǡԹβһԣ㶵վãͻȻתȥߵſڵʱԿطԸţЪϢһȥתһԺȥ󡣡
Թ岻ӦȴֻʣǻˣԿطͬĬãʵ̫ˡԹָϲվƻϲΪ˻ع黹ɣ˼
Կط˵Ļ㻰ôˣ׿ԹŶȥ

߳ȥȴûȥһ߻غ԰ãͭס˾ﳾסļ䣬ʮ꣬һμǸӿʼǱ˴˷һ𱻹ڰ￪ʼȥܹǵסĶ֮٣ϸϸȴֲ·ģԹȥҪͭһƳİķ΢Ľɫ͸ͽƣԹ岻⾿һûбڷʮܺܳϿҵ˵Լ飬Ƿ£ɫòһǸһʯϵŮӣֻǲᡣ
ͷʵǵһΣǵڶԹͷˡһ뿴ǸӿޣǴҲ
ǵڶΣԹһΣ
ʯϣյܺãԶûһܲԶԶĻþˣĸӲܶ
Թ޷֪ԼںηӰոﶼ֪ˣƽһٳ֣ڴ
Ǹ֪ڴƽףʵܵڴһ顣





һʮһ ֮㣨У

˺ܳʱ䣬ֱͷƫԹȻȥκεطͻȻǰ洫ĽԺ𾪣ʲô
ű㱻ѹȥϴңԶǴȥǱˣԹ尴಻סĸȥ
ǰļʯ֮ǵõһζԼƽ׵ʱһȻˣǿȴԸѰο
ǺܺõŮӡǵʱĵ׵粻Ըͷź
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ԶԶ˹̧ס
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ƽ΢΢ã˿ɷҽȥ
˵𲻾ˡľȶȣҲռǳƲ𣬱һһΪãϧԾɲա
ƽ׺ز˵Թвؿڲ룬ȴУ˴ˡ

ƽ׻ΪǸɵӣôԾûգǴ˵֪ؽ޺ֻ١.۵ױˣʵŹƭԼġ
Թ죬΢΢۾˭ƭԼģ
ҽȥɡ

ܰз𾭣ÿʱþˣоƽڷ֮аߵݣ֪̫ƿȥ᲻Ļᡣ
Թƭ㣬㻹޲ޣ
ƽױ۾ʱ½Ȼδͬ˵ȴ֪ǰԿطˣ¡ػ˵ÿһ񣬲۹񣬲СԿطмڲܣǽգ˲˵Ĺ¡ͻȻԿطûƭңƭԼ
ԹӱԸ˴ϻ۵ŮӣɵɵܹʵֱһĻ裬պӿ֣ϧǡ
ǣԼҲᱻǣ
ԿطԹȥĳƣոһ𾭣ȴǴһκ̷ܽɱԲžʾ״󿪴ءɳȴȱзء֮仹дȱϣȴǣƽסԹҲҪϧˣ˭ҶҪڡ
ּʹƽ׾Ī۾͵㣬伸㷢֮Ψһյ΢ЦüǰˣǼƷ˿ڱǼᣬմ
⣬ΣҲҪԿط֪ѹζԹֶȥƽһ˴ڷ֮С
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޴̸ûѹʸ
ӼαӶݡܾκˣԼ֮ǰʱǰطľ飬ʱ˵˵ЩʲôҲ֪˵ЩʲôǺܹףʵûкڹ
Ӽβϲڡ
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ʱŮӢ͵͵ǾͨɵŮӣСȴ㣬οƽߣϰӼδĲո㣬ȻϷŹִҪ
ҲӦֻԼﶫ֮ҲûܹԼ飬οҲԼһ֮
ŮӢͬЩ֣ŮӢȻ㣬׿Ǽü㣬Ӻر𡣡
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ԶԶִ˿֮δǳҹδ롣

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ָͣһҳһҳչȥȻʼݱȫءƽлʣվٶֲ֣ö￴վģΪȫٵڷǰշ𾭡
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ο˵ףԹԼҲҪ˭

գԿطоʵԿ塢յıʿдʯš߻¡µ佫ٵ룬ѱϡԿط
ȹǧ֮⣬ͻȻεҷͤС

Ϣ֮ʱѾ·ϲΪ϶Ԫس֮˱϶Ӽؽոս˻ʹͼ˽棬̫ùŸոȥҷͤһñͻȻ˹ȥ
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ˣ޹֮ЩҲޣżҽտǾɲһ鿴źأǰֻǾ񲻺ãվˡ
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Ҳδѹ˵˵żᣬӼʱأŽȥʻϣɫ䲻ãЩĶȹæ¶Դλδ¡Ӽȥͷѹܡ

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غƽظܵ¶ȣ޹֮ε˷細ӲҴ򿪣һʱЩȣ̽¶ȣȷδȲŷǾɲֻһβȻ˯
ﲻԣȴ޴𣬶ȻȴҲδйľɼһٵطӼαھƫԶ֮ײƵһУǱԶء
ƮԶԶػЩ̫ӽտпȥ˵Щµϣ̫ջص̫Ǿûͨʡ
Ӽ̽վȥʾЩƼǲȣο̫ͻɼȥ鸮˵̫ˣһʱȥƼհɡ
ƮӦȥˣߵҩ˹Խ˽ȥȴöЩӳ΢ֻڰ΢΢۾ӼΡͷѡӼθæȷҩȥΣﲻ
ҡҡ.˯˳һ㣬ֻ֮ǰＫ䲻ʵȥڷ㡭.ˡ
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ƺʲô۵һζͻؼְҩˤڵϣҩɢʣղ˵ʲôɫȫȻգݷħϣӼξôˣʣ

޹֮⻶ܽһ˸Ҳһ·βҲסߴŽ㣬˵ӲˣŮӢɾȫˣЩҸ㽲յЦ
˲ڵĻձͻأشϣӼȻǽյľ֮һŵľ롣
˵ŮӢѾҲűߣ̫Ѿ

ŮӢۼָӼ˵ʲôҩƬһأɫ֭Һɫɴ϶ҩ
һμǱӼΣ΢΢ȫǱˡ






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ŮӢԼȹǸѹֳ˲һǺľ׹ȥͨˮ˵ľУۿľȫӽ˳һؽɢȥ





һʮ ˭ճ

ƮֽŸϽȥ̣СǣҲ˲ֱֱ࣬ع̫ӽð˺
ͻȻɸɾ׹һ仰Ǿ뼫ζȴ㹻ڳ˶Ӽεȥɡ
ԾЩϲ˻عȥͿҫĿռڹսǴɽʯߣɫ˲ʱ˵ľʧ롣
Ʈܹȥֵػ˵̫ǰЩڸϿʱἰЩѰľ̫ӣСƮĴ˲ܡ.Ӽΰڰ֣ҶˣĴȥɡƮ˸æִ뿪
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ŮӢܲסؿ޳۾ɾǿزʾֱֱ̫ӵ£ŮӢ㲻ı̫̫δŮӢ˵˰ɡ
ӼһȻվŮӢǰŬҪѰЩŭǾϵĹٷڲסһɫŮӢѰӼһһ䣬߳Ŀǣڸһ£ʮܸϣһþ춯Ļ꣬ʱɴһЦֱȻǵ
ŮӢ飬ѵҾͲ
ò޹أպ֪һһ⣬ս۾ٿŮӢҺףҪסˣʲôӣʱĲҲòˣҷȥҲʮʱӣɴһЦ˼侪衣ԣ΢΢תźһ۾Ҫ뿪Ҫǵã򡣡
ŮӢźʧȫȻ˻ԭأеһжԼĻͷӼζԼʧ֪뼽֮һУҲ֪Ͷ϶УʵʲôҲֻǾýܹסˣҲס
Ҫ뿪ûŭûдû˿˵Ӽ˸ʹ࣬ȥȴǸ̷ظŮӢֵŭ಻ֵǣ˿





һʮ  ҽ»죨ϣ

ŮӢ׷ȥסںΪʲôͷңˡ..Ļס˵ӼαתĴȷǵ֣ʵӮˣҺΪ֮ҺҪǳ㣬ѹʹ֣Ҳѹ䣬ߴϣʼղͷ߻޹ȥ
ŮӢ
ңңһ䣬Ҫͷȥдǧ֣μİɡ
ɵŮӢһ˻ȥ㶵ر߿ޱЦ¼ļ֣֪ԲŽ˻ԭ㶼Ѿ£˭֪ηһѾȥʲôµģΪۿĹˣȴû뵽ͷ˵ֻԼӼλӻӣϢ㣬ǲ֮ϾӮһС
ʲôأԭĹ¡
ʮʱģͽչѵӰкηֱ
һһ⣬ս۾ٿӼ˵ʱĶţȰο֪һֱ֪ŮӢĹ⣬ɵĺ棬֣ȫȻϨʣ޼ϣ

ֹܸС롣
΢΢ѹͷȴۣҩȻ˯ȥӼβðģҵԭ㽫̴ͳͳȥϸϸȥƽմ·ȷǲֻĵң˰ӼβͻȻŮӢˮ֮ðʧʧش뿪ˡ
ӼȻϣŶ˯֮гüչ˼ŴܸտŮӢЩľӽ˳ʵԲջûдһö֪Щֵθ룿
̫ǺԼһˣⲻ˵
һһ仨ǣ䣬¾Ⱦ

֮꾩̫Թһо籱ӭɹҪȥԹת󣬴Žֻص˸ոʱӣԿطѶղ鸮ʱ䣬Թ˲
ԹԥƬ̣վ󣬸һǷҪƽ׵𣬴ȥɰϣ֮ʱܿܶһЩֺʲôϵأ˼־ȫȻûбҪתҪȥ
ű˴򿪣عȥƽһһǵԹ΢΢ףɫõöˡƽ΢ЦĲɫƽҲʱġ¿û׵飬Ҳֻø𣬻ֹԼ˷ս˳ƽ׹ڼӴ֮һˡƽ״ͷȥֿ۾˳֮ƽױ㲻ˡ
Թתߣһ·ֱʹϡ

ҹ缱ƺƵ⸮ʮĳ䣬ɫԿطڵذӪկ´ӪʱЪϢһʱ»ͨʿС˹Ķר˿أ֮оȻһϲ
ԹԼľʣøˣ׼õĻȡغãʱһ˭ô˭ӣͳ˧ƹλĺ֪ն̫һŮȻҲ׾ٽ
Դκݱ½ʿӵλҹԹɿʿ䣬Ϊۼʼݣ׬ġԹһ磬ڵ°׵ڼϣһϺȻǳ䣬һսԿط֮ôƽأ
֮ڶոӪԲףԹھ֮ȴʼǸŮӡ
ʱԼҹ³ڸй䣬ڷǰѰӰ߹ȥҲ˵ͬΪڸӵļܹӱ˴İοΣѲ⡣
һתȻʼ˼ƽײ޸ķӡָôıʿķģԹȴȵڿŻ۷㶣ɽҹעֿܡ
ôûпֹĳޣԳֽ
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ƽײֵá
Ȼ˲ܶôһ֣Թָǻۡ





һʮ ҽ»죨У

ǰεľ
ֽǼ嶶ӲӵɫҫĿ
Թ쳣˼۵ļֵҪ˭ϡ
ȻûɵΪԼܳŵ罫Կط˽Բı˴عУܿܲһ
粻ܻԼʱԼ¡۵Щܸ벻ŤתǬΨһᣬЩ˭Ҳ졣
ͻȻʿͨԹ弱æպãýգҲΣɿΣ˵˻ͻȻƴһ֮иչͻĹ鷵ΣͷǲǷˣҹؽҪȻʼ˼˶Ů鳤
Թ۹ƮʱƽףԿطջʹǽҹŴʹȴҲޱ衣
οʱյԹû˴磬пٵõκ˵ıӣΪǸ԰ŮӾȻ޴ͷԹǷˡ
Ƴɫ죬ѹۿǳ˲
Թҡͷһס
ͻȻ΢΢ЦȥһĶ˿֪رأһһ˰мӡԹ£˼Ǵ粻ң΢΢üǺþˣȻҲƣǵ֮⣬ǡ֮ϣҲġ
Թ岻ÿɷ񣬡ΣչȻԴĹ۹ϬˡֻΪ򲻿ΪУԹĥסȴ̧ʾЩǽҹ꾩³һڵУͼıҲպ󡣡
һ仰˵ԹЦԭ⡣
оʶȥԿطУޱҹɫؿ
޴ɳʯ֮ƮԿطۼýǻ۰и˶ԼĵĴţĹַֻ츲ء
˾̸׵ԹгȥԶԶһӰѲµʿۿתȥѰţԹŲ΢ǡǡһʿ¹֮½ǶȸպãԹƳȥֻϹɫǳӳŹɼÿϵ·Ƕ
ԹѾһԽУ̧ۿǰδع΢΢תȥ漴첽׷նȥ

ûй߳ҹԿطװ˯°Ъ
У߶֮ڵȹһС⣬ϸϸһ·ߵòף˽ǧһʱڷǰδеƽʱ׳־ڴýԿطԶûԼÿο
ΪǾźźȻΪ˶ĺͼΰҵơʱΪ׵ʧɢѹΪҲź󼸷շתѰ˹Ҳ˽Ըպӱˡ
Կط֧ϰϣǳǳ̴㡣
Ըϵģǵ˽Ҫʱ̣ǺӼΣͷصԽԽ£ĥʴԽ

ӿڵҹУ֮ͫԼϵѪΪݷ˿ڶܱڲͬԿطָ̽ԼֱۣĸܺãŲѾ˿յ˿ڣԿطμǵһӼ˵ĻҪǵң˿ڻڵʱ̴δȥ
Ҫǵã̴δȥ
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ӼκתԿطһĿͫǵĮӰӣȴԿطľǰָ̧֣¶ͻȻü䡣ඥһ㣬ֱֱ̽ȥʹʹýϣ£һ仰ըйµβʴĹǵħپһҹǣǿİο
һշֵʱǸ峿ܺą̃һҹеҹܹءôľڼаƵʱѾܹ߷֡
нϣ¼žӼ򶫣ԿطڶӼ˵㻹ҸԼҾһѻ˽ǡ
Ӽ׻شá

ԼӦҵġ
ͷۿţԿطǲǾͳΪʾӰӣ׾һԣ֮Ρ
ԽԽߺޣⲽҲڶϷŪԼӼεĿ֮ڣƵԼŭ֮뽭ˮȻﾪšĲ˶Ӽεһ棬ԷŲ£ԲģǵҪƵȥϧӡ
һȥ͸㡣
һǵԸĵһŮӣ˵ҪӣҲͳΪԸ
ˡӴ壬ҲԸɡ





һʮ ҽ»죨£

ҹ֮¿ص춯ذǣԿطҵ˼ʱϣйâʱ֮⣬ƿｭɽ
һӳıӰأӭ磬佫ԿطΪ߱ǲšŴױټʿȵ۹˧ҵս֮¾ףٲ£ⷽðΪ֮սȴͯңԵҵȲΪӶܺˡڽʿһԣǽͷӶԥֻԿһ֧ǰӵ¾ұţ־һۣԿطΪӡҡڲĽʿһԿطбȫһУ꾩ֲǰһ¸ߺΪӣ
鴫ҰԿطվӵ֮ۼۼ˲ľȻԼеȫȻͬΪ˽յȴ̫ãĿȻ벻Լշת顣
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Կط΢΢üһ˲ȻѾ̫ӣ˶ûҲҪʼϢص
Ļ棬ԿطȻǵõӼڽӭԼ֮ʱŵĹٷʲôӣֻܼǵˮ̵ӣӼҲֻˮһɫ̬ڣκεɫĲڲסһƱɫͨ͸ǡ
Թۼô粻֪Ϊ˲ʧ񣬲Ŀһӽʿ֮ȻڱȡĿȫԿطϵۣʱ˿˭Ҳ룬ֻԹһס˵Σһ粻ۼԹͻȻһǰֹ
Ѿˣʿؿ˳ֵǰֹ󾪲ѣȫȻ벻ʱ˿̾ȻѸٳֹһǼȻƫЩԾ˳ȥ
ҹڷߣ޼,ʮѽյðһ㡣
Թ˳ƿԿطعΪʱۿǼǰһ޲ͻȻһӰ͵صԼǰ֮Ѫߣ˵ȴԿط
Կطһ壡ͼһԼԹ鼱֮˲ʱѪ飬ڷ֮˲ִپ֮䲢δУ²ȵû˼ҪԹü֮æȥøʹѣָⰵʹѹ˴ңоû˵Լ
硣һû˵Թһķ򼲺׽ʿѱסôѺǰȫʿͻʾǾÿһ·Կطסоҽֻ֮ԹѪǹ磬̧׼ɫҡͷ塭¡סǼԿطֹȻμѪӿ
СģԿط֪ξͼ³çγһʱޱھΣ緽ʧ˳ҶΪоΣԹ˵ּ䷢ü֮۵׷â֣תǱѹ֮ѯʾ˭µʿ䣬ͨʿװ粢ûκ쳣֮ԿطҪǷ֮˵ԵɣԹڵϿǰӰңָԴѪ־ȴѣĿƮԵסֵһһڱǹ֮һţʱ˳ǰ˵Ѻ֮˾ϣնɱǷ֮ǰ
Կطŭ⣬˭׼ɱ
ͳͳ˵ΪҪ鼱֮ţԿط˲׷ҽæȥΪˡ
ԹأԭδȴԼִٰγʱθʹ֮ԿطһԺݺݽǻһԣ滹վԼܵܵѪˣԿطЩסǴ壿Բѣϵػ֣Թ巽ųž߶ȽŲΣʱ˴ʧѪཥܻ磬۾Կطģ¡ֳ̽ȥҪԿطǰ˵˱ȻʵľɲҹѱЩ֮ʱĹ˳´ǧСġԿطüģʱǹžоƣѹģзִ磬ϧ˱ҵáԹ΢΢һЦ˸ãʬھ֮գɱӺǾڻ˸ģ³˵̫ҴϢԿطæǰʾЪϢݲö롣
ԹֹѪ˯ȥԿطȥƽϢ˾ңǰߺӣ̹ߵ֮ԿطԸȥʬԸˣȴǽѰҾԸŴȥ޲
֮һҹȥ˹Կطۼ˼侪䣬Ұʿӵ֮ףɽȸᾪɡ
ңأԶ֮ɽͽõģսģˣʱڷǰĿڤ롣
Ծɻ谵
Ӽ˯ţڷǰһҹͻȻ֮һƬǳƾȻ޷ͫڰ֮еıɫӰԣӼκȻƿӣδˮ
º㣬ҶҪ
֪Ϊʲô仰ʼɵľתȥȼǳƣٴμ΢΢̤ʵ

һҹ̫¹ʣڷ֮ȴ֪췭ظأѰһģ֮⳵ң˲ĹӼرܵһС
̫շҹ˯̫ӾȻҹ֪٣ƮȫȥӼΣƧķѰ
ƿȥһյҡγˮһɫ̴ƲɢĬӼһɫ˫ֺʮ΢΢ʮ𼱵鵽ǰҲͻȻܱº
뵶ĳս˲ƻƮỽ¾һ㣬̫ӡ϶ˡ
Ӽɿ˫ȻعŵĲŵʮʧǽ֣һȴǰʲôˣƮ˵ڵأ̫ӣ϶ˡδ˵꼸ҹϻؽĹ˸棬ҹΣڵϦҵȻٸϻأв֪˵˵֪ͣΡ
ͻȻ֪Ǵˣ˲ʱٴϨʱֻعڰؾĬٷ˿һһ߳ǵ̻֮г߽˵
Ʈʼѹ֣ŷȱȻʼҹȥǷӾһֱҹ
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죬Ծˡ
Ӽλ޹֮зԸװ׼ȥ϶ʣʱ˾෴ָֻȣ֮ǰĶʣȥŽȥ֮Ӽ˲ڵ
ױֱֱǷľţӼƿɿ
ʣ磬ƽ峿ӷֱӻ·һֱΪڳ˯
ϵŮӶһĵ죬ɫȹ˼ɴƵݻ£ȸ׺˼¡̴ڣѿδ벻ߵҹҹѵ磬ͬ˯š
ӼηϵȻ£Ŀ֮Ȼǰ˳΢ЦסԼֽշ԰ףϺбһ˰̡
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һʮ  

飬ѻء
ʱ಻԰罺ɷҲȻȻ쾭壬ܽﷻ˵ĴԣȷϹһϸ΢񣬱֪Яִһ˵ĵ
ʶڴͬأӼվſڣǡס峿һգʲȥؿտǸ죿Ȼ֪淢Щʲôź˵㵲סˡӼһ㶣عȥɫǡ
ʿһľϻԼۺ÷ףԽԽģѿڶ֪ҹȥ㾿ôˣ
¹£ӼȻ֪أ̾Ϣתδãճ˴£һ˵𣿡ǺȰҪ룬ʣú˯һ˯Ҿͻˡʲô鶼ûС
ŭʼƲסԼֻһֹѭϲϵߵԽԶȴ»صԭأһֱڣӼξҪʲôͻȻ˵л˵֪֪ÿնȵ͸翴任·ȥӼ㵽ûģ
Ӽֻתȥ㵽ôˣ̽ȥȷȴһƿΪҷ˶ԲԣӼŷˣȥȻײľܣӼθæȥֱ㿪Լ˵ʲôôʱ䣡
Ӽ֪һֱڲУȥƽϣεסöȴҵһһ㣬οҲ֪һԲס˵ȥŮӢǰҲ֪Щ飬ȥӭʹĲǱ˼ҹ˰ɣһ仰˵Ӽһ˵ڵϡ
޹֮Ʈߴ٣̫ӿЩ̰ɣ鲻á
ӼｹǱҲ֪Σʱ˿̶ֳ׵ؽҿ˾˲ģĵӣ߰ɡ
סʡͻȻû̧ۿһ֯ӽǶȸպãλεӳĻţ㵽׻ʲôңŮӢҽЩߵ֮׼㵽ʲô
ӼγĬ˵ͻȻɿ֣ȥ

޹ţµȺʮô˲ɣ֮䲻תȥֱЩ˵
ʳ飬ôֹЩڿ񶼽̬ԼָоĲá
ӼδԼ˭
ûа취ûа취⿪еһջתȥ޹ϵһһ߳ȥһӰӣַֺӰƮȻȥһӼƽ糣ش˳ȥ

־񹳣ǰ¥仨˭˼ơ񲻴ţսг̲ɫĺ
ǶǨͷܳƳ֮ѿʼϲ˽·
϶ױȲ˽⣬оԶɶΧƣ񣬳سԹصۡһʱѰء
һңңصס˱ߵĴӣ⹫ĬķȣƮ϶Ϊ˹ò͸
Ѿ˵űЪϢ޷ֻһסߵܺúȴ֪Ծűѿһҹ˯ȥ
˻ɣϸԶʱ϶Ҳĸ˿⿪ʼһЩ¡
Լĺ뼽עâ¶ĺӣȻһʱѱ뼽һ˭й񣬴˾ʣ¼ҸοȣοԶĽᡣããһϮɫ磬ǳ⹬ǳȥֻԶ꣬ǰ;ӲãдگӼ϶ɽΪرˡйϴϺʪĲ΢΢ɺԵĴݣ˵Щʲôû˵óԾɹȥ֣ΪοĻǸδһϮɽӽչȶЦüۣһֶɽٲҰ۷׷ףԼִҪǴˡ
һϮɽӽ̤ǧɽӳӼξȻѰõڶܳĵҲʹȻɣӼױ˯ů˵飬ʵӼֻǲԸ˵ܶ˵Ҳı䲻ˣαضѴ࣬ڳγõģӶģϲϣȫĵס
֮ͳͳӸĺӣƵҲẦ
ϧ޴ѡĽ庢ӣƫһĿ֮ͫ࣬㶼и޴ѡ
ֻúѣڴĺȻתͻȻ˲ǰ𾪺ˣ˲ۼԪسʱֵ׳꣬ξѰۼ壬ֱϰ۾Զűһ缱ػ֣˻⳷ȥ硣
һƵıšĻĽꡣ
һ˵ֱס̵Ĺæǰù˵ɽӡ˸æȰοֻ͸̫ӵɽӽ̫֯Ǳ߻ô̫ˣ
ȴù˿˵֡
˽⡣





һʮ ƽҹ


ƻ죬֮˾ƹλʱԸ伫һҲĩСӣҲ죬ȥй顣ɶ¾ڶʹǰԿطʥ֮ˣ֮ԣҸ棬ڻ죬ڣ´Թʼɡعе£کҥϸʣӦ˳񣬷Ң˴ظغգη
Ӽһлδ˽꣬Ȼӵ԰ӼӵնṬѵλλگ£»ʷҢ˴λԿطΪΡΪ¡ԿΪѦͬΪ࣬Ҳзܻ͡ʵ۲ѵΪ֣Ǩݡ
һˮʥ䡣֮ǰߵף飬ӽ˳Ӧˣ޽޹š
ѪУвӴ⽭£з硣

Щĸп϶֮¸Ϊȡ
Ӽ潭ϸ϶δ밶ɥ
޲ϹضӼζվͻȻЩʲôߣʡ˵Щʲô
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ı˲ϣͫɫȴظ죬֮һʱսս̧ͷӼԾ׷ʣ
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ɽӡʲôʵǶá
ɽΣܻڣ飬ԶĽˮҪֵùǡˣԿطӽƳߵҸԼĴôúЦЦǻı޷ƣڿڣһԼůĽϣʧʹޡ
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ƣԿط֮࣬ɱ˺뼽磬ӲǴӦ֮ͨ£ִһֽƵλϡبΨг˿˼ɣżΪξ㣬¥֮ΪҶ£߹֮ıΪִⷴڣһΪͶ֮⣿
˵һʢƤҾΪϸ裬ʵֻǺܽůůġΨһ¶ȶʧȥ֮ͳͳԭͣħ֣˭ҲܻͷǰʲôȪ延߹ǣ϶ѣֻҪһѻֻҪһˮΪұΪһӼβûԵʱȴһж̫ѡӾƫԷһ𣬹µȫȻд
쳾Ϊ˭ģ伸ɺ쳾Īۡ

ִ潭ȥ϶ӭʹľؽ갲ᡣ̫֮Ӽڽλӷ̫ܶΪʺŽ¡
ǻսʳ̵֮ؽҷʹƫһ磬㰮ģа۽ʹˮɫͳͳ˻ȥһʰ֮ͻȻʲôŽ̹ѯʣӼαǲԸ̧ۣ˵ŶҪˣȴԥϡǡ
תһϮɫǳɲĿɽӽ壬Ҳˣɽӽ޵ˡʵ̫ڿϧæȰ裬°ɣȻ͵ġ
ӼֽӹضȻѰļƷ֯ȾϸϸҲ֮꣬Ǿͨ͸ǳ̡
ָĦϣ˵ĸоеļҰӿ侲ңҪɽӽкأ
ڼǲãǵôʱǽü֮۵׵ľ顣ʱ˿ڣˣҪ޿
ֻԶУӼͻȻЩʲô飬ʺȾǼҪ
ǡ
ɫۺ滺߳ȥʳ֮ӣһĨӻ֮µǰܽȫһ˼ϡ
֮䣬ԶȻףһĻͫñ죬عȥöʢױ֮Ͻĵ޼ذȻ΢΢ЦʾԼ£ɫɲ԰ף¾кá
Ϲסǧ˵ĵһ仰ȴǣӴһӼΡ
ƽƽҹ

Կطӵʹһǰ鰸ϣ
üĿЦüǳǰ˻ޣ־ǸԿطӽԺǰʲôƫԷʲǫ̂ڡӼΡֵľ°ˡƳϣӼΡ
ԹľмɢϺοද˵˵ŵ˿ʹ΢΢üԿط಻סŭ˺÷һԡתԹȴ鷱಻ðԼȥ˿Σ
Թҡף¡Ҫ˵Щʲôة΢΢ҪˣԿطһԹʾⲻãŸȥ
֮ʱԹղչ۾ȴδ´Թ͵һЦةҪ
մȥǡ
ʥ鲻ãҪóȻǵŭǿɾ͡Թ˵ţ˵ζոæ³ҹˡ
ԹЦȥ

һƬǽ壬Ҳ֪Ϊ飬Ƭɢһأһ㶣£ԿطһҲ֪Լ´˰̫ʧ̧̬ةк£
ռ鲻£ǰսλҳ¡ţ
֪ˡԿطֹ˵ָһƬ
˼ǷԽǣźȻ׷ŽԼʥϲãԭǼɵԼ䵱ҹ֮£һԾɾòò˵£ˡ³Ǵ󱦻
Կطԭ˼֪˵Щʲô˽ͻȻ˵Щüʲô˼֮һվеʱնǰһתȴԸ롣

Ƴʱҹ뽣Х磬ɣʺֿףһղҲҪȱ






һʮһ Ľ

һ·Կطı£ʱлҲЩֱ׵˵"Խǣҹ֮ʱɫ죬Ի̽ھӵʱһС"
Կط֮ûлӦ֮һƬ°ԴԽε̶ֳȣѾǰԿطڣ"ة໳ɳҹ֮´һƣСµӰ첻ȫ֣кͼ"
մ˼"Ȼñ"
ԿطЦ"ѪװܣΪβ"һЦ⣬"Գžй"һ˵ϵԿط۹"ة֪˻ɱ֮"
յȻ֮"Թ֮"
Կط"ةӦ֪ΪѰʮ겻ðޣô˻θ룿"ǰ˽Ԥϣ΢΢̾"֪±صˡ"
ʥϻ˽̶ȥѵȥգֻùˣ̶ĵµڼة˼æ϶Цղתȥ̶۾ӰֱҲʥ϶֮Ͽ飬񣬺żϸϸȥ鰸ȥ
̶˳ĵµ¿ˣù£Լĵµ֮ȥ
֮еӿȥԹȸŰеõϢչȻȥֱԳ֮ҹ֮£ӻֵ̬ԼֵܵһŽȥԹͻȻЩʲôïѯԣ"ҹ˱֮Σ"
ǰ"үһаү֮ǰԸʬ֮ĩĻĴն֮Ҳ֪"
Թ΢΢ףŵ"ĩѾȥ˵ԵɣүǱϾɲֻΪ˴ʱ⡣"
ԹЦ"ǶñãУϾɲٲ׼!"
"ǣү"
"Ӵ֮ĵľɲҪ磬űд"Թ۹׷Զ׷棬߷߲ƽ"ڶʹһϲȻ𱨣"
ԹһĶȥ
˷֮԰ѾգѰеһм䣬ѰľɲԼĵʱ˽뽭ϹԼΪԼųһ˵֪ڶʹ۾һն׳֮µıٲ͸¶ȥνѹͨпƹûʵԹȾһȻܹΪǷ߷߲ƽӡ
ԹֱԸԼԿطΪֵܵʧɢ޸飬ڶʹһֽԼӽϾȳȴ³˳ػġ˺űԿطʢ֮¹಻˼Щɲ֮˵㱻ץס
ۼ·ĽǰԹ巭Ǽϻ֮ˣһѧϰ죬ݺᡣҹ֮ˣԿطΪ䰲ųͻظȸԹȴִδòǲ۵ģֻʮ̫˷Կط֮Ŀʼ궯ֿɵõĶ̫࣬ǣԹ΢΢ЦҪһһ۾ΣǷһжҪһһû
ɰԸ²һãıڿհûκη顣ԹŸ߻غ԰Ϣ۹Ƴ֮ͨ·ԥһ£ǰȰ˵"үϲүԾÿҽǰΣ˿ںߺء"
Թ˺ܶ飬ü֣"ȺŰɣʱÿա"Ųת·ŷȥ
ޱ֮ǰҲǷá
ȥĳƣոһ𾭣ȴǴһκ̷ܽɱԲžʾ״󿪴ءɳȴȱзء֮仹дȱϣȴǣ"ƽסԹҲҪϧˣ˭ҶҪڡ"
ּʹƽ׾Ī۾͵㣬伸㷢֮Ψһյ΢ЦüǰˣǼƷ˿ڱǼᣬմ

ıͽһƬյİɫԹʲôûиԼ£˵˭Ҫڡ
ҲҪϧˣһΣǸӺľҲȲҪˣһΣζصޡ
Թ۹⿴֪Ľ䣬ƽ״ʱڹС





һʮ һϿ£ϣ

ʹԺΪͷ
"С㣬ֳЩ"СѾͷŽҲˣΪ£ͷŹǧ˿ֳ˲٣ƽ㶿֮ͭڲסĺ˫ۣ΢΢̾
"Сαڼ룬˻ˣһʱ˵üߣôãȥߣ"ǸСŮԣŻ׵תøˣƽѹ֣ײý⡣
"ˣԼȥɣ˰š"ƽײģֻȥ
鲻Ҳ˵ֻϸϸΪͷЩ֬"С㡭ҹֿˡ"
ƽײÿɷӹԵø԰ףͻȻЦЦ"ȡ֬ɡ"ԶȥԼԸȴ־ö࣬ʲôʱ˻ž̾Ϣ
ԿطĸŮڱ֮ܵǣṬִ֮סڹڣôأƽײԸȴʶô壬ǰЩӵĹؼʱ̾ԲԼЩնԹģҾס¸𽥲죬ֵΣ
ƵƽԼޱһЩ෢ͬǸӡҲΪûйڷ֮ǰ˰ɡ
ԼͷһǣµĶϷ֮˲ɻҡʲôָףԷǰҹҲֻҹ֮жȻס
޹غĸ飬ֻ˲Ϣ֮ٻͷȥһμ쳣ůԸġ

ɿյĽã˺ܾãֱθʹȥѰҽù˵̫ʵǲӣǷ鲻һʱ˲ࡣʱ̲סȥ
ҽԾϻν֮ʱûպθ޴󰭵෽ע⣬ԹֲйսľҲ֪֮µȣҹΪڴǰȡΣȫһӢ¿ŵӡְִμȴ뵽˵ԼԹЦ֮ҲΪҹֻýЩʳϰʳҲøѹ

ϻ衣
ټδƽ͸¶ּįšʺڲУһֻ֮ʱѣҲŮӢֶο϶ˣοѾѰȥ̴ĳײʱӦýȬŶԣԾɲתǡء
ʱƻ裬ꡣ
ǰŲҹ֮һ͢ᣬɪȴⲻлƵƵعˣ"ʺΣ"
Ʈæǰ"ػϣһֱţ¡"˵Żɴ֮һ飬ǰʺҩ΢΢ף"ʺ˯ˣ"
Щģ"Ȱʺ˵վúõöˣԾڿӡ"
Ϸ¾ƱԾǲȥ
һƽشЩϧδиʢҲЩѹ첽ȥ˿»ʺҹִ׹ڹлʢſڱɢֽ֮һϮӰỽ"ڹд˺׼ȼȥı顣ҹӡ"
Ӧǣȥͨ£ԼŶ롣
ĿָⲦŪؾ˽ֹʱԵѣǡֿʼطʱˣǰӰƮӶ΢΢˹
Ҫֹ"ûǺαء"Ц"绹ûɢôȻˣ"ϸɫƽûʲô"֪ԾǲԸϢԹ"
ʷеӹȥΪ裬"һѡ"δ˵ȴץסʹȴԸ̧ͷ"һֱѡ"
ʳֳݸĵĲ豭"ǰɣҼǲ÷ʱ˵Щʲô˵۹Ҳ֪ЩܲǺûˡ"
ܵͣӹǱ˫ָϸо̤ʵһЩ"ʣʵ˵ĻѾڲ˵ˣǿ²뷨"ɣ"ƫԷһ㿴Һʵһֱǵ÷ǳ"
"ǣҼǵ÷ǳ"
"һĲٻص̨"΢΢ͷߣվڶףһ˲ɫƸ˴µͯȴףմ˼ݻĳȹɫɴк£ʵɫܳվǰֻ
ĻһֱЦ"ֻȥźϧֿƲסԼ"üЩգ"ϣ֪ҡϣԼоŮһֿ֣ҵȷʵĺġ"
һˮɱķ̨ϣư֮еһжֳԭΣҡͷ"ǲĴǡ"ʱŮӢƵӰ죬ȻƲסԼС꣬ʲȥͻȻȥϴӣ"ϣԾûиҡ"
ͬȥȴԳֵıӰڽʱվȻ쿪ȥӵ"һϡ"
"ãϡ"
"ʡô"
ת಻ԽǰЦ"檲ҡֻǸֽвˡ"
˵ֱף̹Ȼ"Ϊְɣ㲻ҪӼˣҡ"
Ծɲ˵˰ΣԾǽǾ佩ֲµĻ˵꣬"ңܰӼΡ"
ıӰѣ΢΢





һʮ һϿ££

"Ӽκһ밲˯ҩֻΪܰһ죬㲻ϣȥ"
˲Щ㵣"ҩ"
Ц"Ѿˣҩǡ֣˺ܶණһǵãֶ˵"
֪˵ʱһΣȷʵԼΪҩָʲôȫȻûͷ"ҡ..ҩôˣ"
ҡͷ"ûʲôѵõһҩ֪ԭҲԡ"

ʾúܶ鶼ҪʱԼ֪⣬"ϣ㻹ʲôûиң"
ͬתȥԱԣ"ҹ㲡ô"
ľˣ"˵ɣͻȻŮӢٽӽңʲô"Ϻܿؽӵ"˵˹ڱʹ飬ˡ"ʻعȥȴֻܿıӰһһ䣬ȴƽͣȫȻԵƬ̣ܵȵתܿѹ
ϧ˵ʷţ"ϧϣ̫ӣ㲻Ϊο˵֪Ѿ֪ǼȥǼ˭ء"
ǡſڵĽǶȣ̧ϰԵ󴦵ǵ˰̣ȥ
"ϡ"
ͣס
"˵ɡҲüˣҲ֪ԼΪαģɡ"
ҡͷ
֣"㵱ôʱղӼΣҲÿյϣҡ"
ݺݵסԼ"ʣΪʲôҪ˵ֵز"ԭûκԶκ䵭˼йĲִǶʻд̸ϣ˵Щʲô"ʣʱϣһҴ󺰴ŴҡԶڵ̬Һù"
ͻȻܴЦ"ǰŮһ´л߲㲻ģǶӺùЩϧϣһԼԼοҪվ߱㲻ˡ"Ȱ壬"ԻϣҰɣŮӢʲô"
"ֻŵĲʲô̴㣬һֲƽЯްϧ̴ζ壬Ǳ"
ף"ѹÿһνദ˵Լϲ̴㣬һΪ˹˼ϲҲԼܵǣӰ졣"ȴԾάסƽ
"㶼֪"Ͼôȫû˵ıҪŮӢá̾Ϣ"Ҳáʱһ飬ʱ뼽ͱ˳Ұ֪Ҿ㲻֪֮ҲסѪУǷԸ."˵ѾȫȻʣνĳ"ϣ檻һ"
"޲׼"Ȼ˳ƺҲֻ˳Ӧ
"ϲ檺ô"
"ʺŮӢ"
۵ȴǿοȻԼ"͵㣬Ұɡ"

վſϸԶԶδлиδЪΪʲôͻȻΪʲôȻûתϧϲϺڣκʱ򡣲ӼλϣԸȴԵһֱڣͶ֮ԶǽĿһһ˵ţ㡣
һտ
˭ϷŹ˭أƵĵŮӿ˵֣ϲϵը϶ϡ
Լ￪ʼԭµһ

"ʣôЩ꣬ҵһμ㿪ʼǵһκ˵֡"֮еı޷Ρ
"ǣϣϣýҡ"κˣûӼΡ
"׼ˡʺʲôʱܸС㡣"Ŷ߽
δƮ񾪺ųɡ漴ţ"ϣȥδ"
"δȥּȥҹͨ硣"

û˽"ʺˣôֿЪЪɡ"¯֮е̴Ҫȼ߳˵˾䣬"Ҫˣȥϡ"
"ˣȥɡ"
Ȼϡ





һʮ һ

գʺӲþǷѣŮӢ㡣
ܸǰĹ˺ǲ죬ȴֲ⣬һ·ǲɲѣ"СôˣʺС㡣"
Զԡ

˹ȥǰȥݼϣϧƮȴ˵ҹʢȺˣŮӢֱȥʺá
ŮӢ΢΢˿֪϶ԼΪķŭкȴ־塣
仨ʱ˫ɡ˷ڹԾϵĵӣȴԵøŮӢȥ֡һЦݣӡ谮ĿʱղֺŮӢѾܶûټ㣬˿ͻȻݵӿ˵ζļ˶ʲյĶӺ֮󣬷ûеĻ
ʩ񣬶""ϣŮӢƳɫǲ֪ԼЩʲôҲν"ŮӢվãƹ˴ǰһҪˡ"
ʹƽ糣ŮӢ"ɺã"
ŮӢǹɣ"õúܣһаá򡭡.϶չмӡ"΢Цף"ñá"۹Ƴ´"ŮӢ֪ⲡúòõˣ"ŮӢһʱԣа˼˻Ǻ⣬"㲻С˵⻰ŮӢ"Ц۹һתʽյһȹǻ"ÿ"
̧ͯ棬ڴȸζŮӢָ֮ǰǻ֮۵׼žȴǳ磬"Ҳ٣ôûɵѾͷ"
ŮӢȥ۾ȴ"㴩һ㣬ȻѰѡ"ʵ"ϲô"ͷǻش𡣶һָԼǰѾղã"أ"
ŮӢ΢΢һ㶣ӱ̧ȡ"ֽˣŮӢ㿴Ӱɡ"ٶ˵⻰⣬ֱҪԹ
ȴ಻ӣ"ЩŮӢ㻹Ҫʲôأ"
ǰɫӰرЦݡ
۾ԼϸϸضȴĲɫ
ŮӢ"㶼֪Щʲô"˲䲻ԭ͡
"ǶҪҪǣ֪㻹ҪЩʲô"ǿǴЩСʱڱ֮һŪĶͷغȰţҪЩʲô
ŮӢۼ߸Ͻ»޼ݣ"ڿңͬһǸСѾͷ¶̣ܽʩ᣿"
ʿЦҡͷ"ԭһֱΪġ"
"ǣһֱΪһֱҪͷĽ㡣̫ǻʺ"
ıڲزסȻƽ֣"ҪЩĶ"
ŮӢִֵת"ǲҪұԶ̸ܱһұһնǸСŮԶҪβ棡"
˵̹ףöʷ"㶼òã"
ŮӢЦЦЦԼ"֪Ҫʲôˡ"
ʵᣬָӣ"Ϊʲô.ءıףοǻϡ"ŮӢ⻰ȫȻƶƽ̧̬"㣬ĺʧôǰԭǡ..һŮӡ"
ȴɵذǲף"ٽҲʧʱ"
"ʧôҴܹ˭еѾһɣ"ŮӢĵѹͻȻرŷǰһŮָ⣬"˴˵ˣҿ.ªʧǵԶйأ"
΢Ц"ǷˣĺܺãϧһСѣǺӵİϷкܶǶ֪ŮӢ㻹Ĵ"
ŮӢҪȴ̵̣ǡֵسĳޢ꣬ϧڹȴƵû֦Ѿ






һʮ 򴺾

̾"ޡûй㡣"
һ˲ŮӢŭƣȻˤڵϣ"ʱĻĲǼ٣ӷ⣬㲻ῴȴϵ"ŮӢʹ֮һ仰ڲ˵Լ˺㶵ؿ"ҡ"ȴȣ"ȷʵ⣬ⲻɣǱ˴۸Ĺɡ֮ͬöˣܼ˵˲˷"
ŮӢҵطӣ"ҡⲻҡ."
ҡͷ"޹ס"
"ôᣡֻǾѣûˡ"ŮӢΪ𾪣ʵ벻׳Լ˭˺㣬ͻȻ뵽Щʲôһ"㣬ǡ˭ġ"
̧ߵķ£ùԱ߰ɫĵĽһЩƽĸ㣬ЦкŮӢ"Եģ"
ŮӢȻ̲סᣬʧˤϣ"㣬˭ģ"
̬ŵһСУЦһһǱɫŮӢ˵ɴһЦϸϸƷ꣬˵𰸣"ҵġ"

ŮӢסԼ졣
Цüÿ"꣬û¡òã"
ŮӢŽӹصһмǸԽȥʲôζûУͻȻ̧ͷʶʣ"㡭.ô"
ȥȡһӹϸϸΪͷ"ûС"
"Ĳ"
"ûвȻβá"
"ʲôʱʼġ."ŮӢ׷ʣֹסĲľ֮ķ˿ҡҡ׹ıָο"ӡ.ʲôʱأ"һ㣬"ȷʵ˺ܴĴ̼ҲɣӰɡһʼȷƲסԼ㶫ˮȡǶѾˡ"
ŮӢһ˵"û죬ûӸҡ˵ΪʲôôأҲպñҪ˷ŮӢң."
ŮӢͻȻѿһԣϵҡͷ"ûУûУʲôҲ֪"
"һգֵøոպáԭΪҪˮͻȻԲ֣Լȥͬ顣룬ˡ"ŮӢҡͷʼ˵"û뵽һջҵɣӸҡµ񣬻ʲôεأŮӢңô˵ģ"
ŮӢһţ֪⣬ֻǾǼٵĶѣûݣο򡭡.ϻһԼ֮Լ˵Ļôŵˣôᡣ
"㣬ԲŮӢΪʲô"
ü¶ѹ"ǲֻǲԼСס"ٽķҲۼһ죬ֻǲԼжҪ
Ҳվߣɽӽ塣
أʵǶҪɷáС.ǸˡǼ٣Լһˡ
ŮӢ侲쳣ƶĿǸ"㣬ŮӢȷйǷֵ뷨Ǵͷβͽ޹أӾôҲ"˵þ춯أڷģںΣֻϵӰԶ嵭ϲɫ˴ơ
"˵ǣ㲻ǡ"§ԼڹеʱʱŮӢ̫СƽݣֻǸ˳Լĺӡסظͷ"ô󣬵ʵԾɲҵļҡ"
""ŮӢЩ֣ȴ˵ȥ"ңҪΪһӵĻ㻹Ұô"





һʮ 

ŮӢҲ룬"ҡ"
Ц"Ƚöࡣ"
"ѡ"
"˵ĴҲʵһ棬ȷʵǴûˡ"˵ȴЩź"аɣϧҡ"
ŮӢ㱻صСʱ΢΢۾"㣬һŬһԡ"
"̫ˡװôʱ䣬ƭ˱ƭԼҲ˼գҾͻķˡ"Цİο"жɡѲ⣬źܸԼȥ"
ŮӢЩˣ۾ڽ㻳üǰȣ۾ɬ;Ҫ˯ȥֱ治˵Щʲôֻ΢΢ס
"˯ɡ"סˣ"Сʱ˵Ĵܰ޿䣬ÿηҪһ˯š"
Ҳ֪Ǳ̫޴Ž⻹ľνˣһ˶˯ŵŮӢ˵˺ܾõĻ"ҴûһԼȻװɵֻΪǲֻǰܲù̫ӣ¾飬λ̫飬ҷ֪ԸЩҷ裬ҲټǵʲôԼܹƫԷڲعȥôұ˳⣬ҷȥҲ˵һаȴ̫ˡ"
ǻȴ"ʲô֪ҲˡӾô£ȥˡȻѾûӼΣôӴҲ͡ûжˡ"
ŮӢ˯иĮӰӼᶨ"ҺףҪסˣʲôӣʱĲҲòˣҷȥҲʮʱӣɴһЦ˼侪衣"ĳȴһ˾һ죬ĲǷͽ޹֮û"㡭"ŮӢʶػüؿЦ"һֱãǸúӡ"

̫࣬"ӼΡ"Ĭ֣ٿޣʵֻӼΡ

ŮӢʱȥöԣԾǽ꣬޸㾡ԼѪڳָʢ֮裬ٲκμ֮ǣϸֻ˵֮ױȫɡ

ϱΣԵ֮Ȼʡ
⣬ߵͿ̶ԼЦӦ"үƬˣ"ѹߣ"ʥɲ̫á"
һ֪˴ţ"ϱ"
"ǣ岻ö֪"
֪⽭϶ֿ᲻ãвҪǵմŭһ˭֪һλ᲻˭ԴȺ˽һ˽鶼ʥ̶Ҳ֣ʥһʥΨϱǿƲס
ڴյٽȥ"̽˽ʲô顣"̶Ӧǡתȥ

꽭ϱԿط"飿"
"硣"
ЦһֽӹǷݼλϱֻɨ۱һԣ"ةΪΣ"
չ"ΪӦ׼˹ϱʾʺ񰲸֮⡣"
ǳЦ"ȷʵ׼˹ϱϧǹ顣"Կط̧ԱϱžڵϣŭӼǴĲԸֱԣǺãҾͷҪд
"ּȥϴ𸴣ѹ˳޾֮ĵ¹شϱʾ⡣"

ϽӵʱֻܿЦ
ȻӣǴⲻ׷ŹԼϻˣԼڵ֮аղʡīָɣУȴײ¹ظʵ棬ԸҲҪд
׼Ҳòͷ
á
ƻʱ֣վʣٶҲûãϽʱûƽƽڹ˽Ƕزǿˡ

ݹԾּԿطһ֪ǷϱȻ˲Ȼī䶼̴ת"ӣʵǲšԳԣ»֮Ρ˼׷֮ųԶĽ֮塭.."
¼ȥ
νگϿΪϹ׼Ե֮

ڹҫĿݻʽɵϸϸãԺǸ˶Լ˵ھɸеƫԷƿĶԿطŲһؿǣ"˵ɱ㣬ҾͿԷŹ᲻֣"
ŵġ






һʮ ѧȷ

ն
ù
ڹйȫȥ˻Ϊ˻ʺĲ鿼ǲմȾ̻ıϺ飬ʱҹɹâ粻µƻ
ϻͣڷڹǰȥʱǰּڲϴЪ˹Ľ
ӼȻһ"ʺַô"
Żҵػ"ϡʺ־²ҪȥΪá."
"š"
Եöʷ֮Լŵ÷ڹ˹һΨǨŭ
"ȥ"״ȴǰ಻ס˿ţæÿֻеĹˡ
Ͻȥͷɢϣ۵΢΢ľһ漴ƵĹ˺ֻñס"ʡûˡ"
Ｘ˲ĴǺܿؼ£"û¡.Ȼû£ʲôԼ"
"úãҵĴ"ϵȰϣʲϵѣͻȻ÷ѾûʲôˣԲ˵ıŷ˵Ҳѣֲţ"ӣ㡭."
˳˵ƽ"ҵӣôˡ"˵Լȿǵ˰̣"ҡ"
Ц"Լ˵˵ʱ˭ô˵˵̫ӵӣ"
˵ϳȴᣬ֪жѹ"ʣңûˡ"
͵氲̴̰ζ"ϣѾꡣ"̾"˵ķ㲡δá"
΢΢ԼɢͷĬΣ"Ϳ졭.˰ɡ"
"ӸҰɡ"δĿ෴Щִʶȥϵ˰̣ȴϣǺ˹û˿ĿתЦ"˾ƭȥһµѪɣ"ϼοϣ"ǻʺ֮Σ"
ʲȥױ̨֮ǰžӽͷã֮ͭҫĿȡϸϸƷּż·ֺЦ"赱Ϊʢŷ磬ѰȻ䲻"˵յǰЩźضŵԼü"檽ȷһղһա"
ıٴң֮ⲻƻѬȾ֮Уһ۹ղ֮ϣ"չ·࣬òɣ"Ծһĵȡ£"ʣܼһұΪһɺã"ϸЦݣһ˫ȴ͸ǾϵۣһΡ.һ˵ʲôʱ
ȥ֮ɫ糺ƿ
Ѿܾòˣ˴ʮʱйԡ뼽ͱ˺֮һб޿ɻر֮ǰɫ˺ܾúܾòͫض˵"Ϊһɺá"
֮оǵһμӦˣعȴؿڣʵŲɣ֪ҪӦ"ϣٿԣӦ¡"
ЦŴЩ̽ѯĿ⣬ʱ˵ȥ"һصʢ֮ϲſࡣ"
"ұΪ㹬磬Ⱥȫ뻶"
ղöԳ־ЩЦ΢΢"Ϸԣ裬ϵԸ裿"
̹Ȼչ䣬۵Щߴ֮⡣
к⣬ʱ˷лɬָ΢漴ˮ
ױ̴עЩ΢¶ţһ裬ӣơ.
Ȼͣסֹס
޵ͻȻɫЩԥ"ϣ۰ɡ"
ܾá
Ƴױ̨еԼɫ֮¸ۡȻЩĻţϲɫ̫á
ȡˮʱ򣬶ʺЩʧ
ֲ¶ȾɵǼѣƮƮȴҴ
ʴ˿еƣɶᣬ"ӼΣҺ룬ٿ㴩һΡ"
΢΢仰ȼ񲲻öҪˡ
"á"
ڷ׹˽˻ˮ֯ȾѣۻʺᣬټԼһһȫӵϣȻֻһοĻᣬһˮӨɴ漴ɿڹȥʴ̣ѧȷꡣóɱĿδԧ첻ɡ
Ц𿪣ٶ裬˭˵ģֻԧ첻ɡ
`ɫɣ崲бƾǣýףЦ̴١

ɽޣϸꡣ





һʮ óɱĿδ

ڶգʹԭرϡȴձŲϼ빬ȴвڼСǲ뺫ȴ¸δЪǲಡ齵ӡ
˰⣬"Щҵ빬٣ձɰ࡭."
ؾٱЦ"ĳκڹ棬оƽ"γԽϻ֣ʱδƫһʱ£ܹܰ࣬ԸԼΪǧ֮Ц̸
޷ȴƵƵｻһϮҹͼǰɫΪ躻֮ÿÿҹ꿪Ρ
"˾Ǳѡ"
΢΢һЦָǻ"ǲԸǷǵذˡϧ˺أ޷еڶˡ"
ģطϳʹԭ
֮ǰһ̬ǲɢа˸輧
ȥˣѳ⡣

ϰˮࡣ
ŮӳɡԶǸոˣСѾ߿Ž粻Ъȡ˼ԼС㵲硣
Զܿϵȵ幤Ǵ˼ҵŮʳǣñǹ˺ηѡ
ް߰ףϵһ֮磬˸һ飬ڴԶ꣬ͻȻ뼽
ʱգʲôӡ뼽ǧϹƫһʱôǲķ̲
뼽ڣ񽭱߱㲻ǳɡͱĳ档
ЩӸһЩɢſʹϢ쳣"ȽϹӭĲӸ˴ȥЩ."˵˵žԼп壬û
ƥ֮£ز֮⣬෴̹Ȼ"ƣͿ̿"
ӼΣϡ
˭Ϯ֮Ҳһͤи΢ЦĺӣһĻͫ
̫󣬺ձĿ
Ҳ֪Լ˭˻ˮѷġ

һҹػ¥Ϣ
ڳҹδ룬ѡһվɽ©ʹΪƣһʱҹĻĵ貾»
׶һղ¡
ֱ΢Цңɽ˽Уܽ¶Цʮǰ⣬ʮ˿ϻʡ
ȻֻһϮ򵥵ȹû˿Ӻݻ
Ⱥ죬ʺױǳţ˵Ϊʺֿ˼µʢ硣ҫĿĿʺ֮ģᣬǡǡޣ޵üʢȴֲѰ֮Գֶ
ޣҪվȥ

һɫ쵤£߹ɵĴĵʢϣʽ򵥣ѰЩĴŮҲдõģȻɻԶдңͻȻ
ʮ꣬ʱȺ
һɫ쵤£ܸɴ棬ͥһ߰ꡣ
Ϊʺɴ棬һ˫ĿӰɴ֮й˽ʺտǴϡѲɡ.˵ʺĴԡ..
ʱϸס

϶΢кԵЩ֣ʢƸѵղͬط⣬Щꡣţ΢΢һЦ˳һתӿֺ֮ʺʽִᦽڣչƮȻƷɺ֮ơ
н֮֮ʿ޲׶ۣʢϷ硣





һʮ ֪

һ˼䷱Ƶ¥ȶɫ˪죬ϺüԼ˵"ǲһȺӡϹˣǻѾƳʢﲻѣΪԼⳡεߣ"
ǰͻȻЩɫĿȺ¥ٱĿ뻹֪СʢۣȴͻȻ
۵ױˣָ˲ʧǡ
һ̾Ϣ೤
֬磬ֱ治̴ζ
ʵǧɽ˽Ҳ£ϧӼ㡭.ѵ̫硣

һ˺αı
νһ̫ƽĸ߹Ӷѡ˵˵ȵݰ˵ƻɺ͸ǲ԰ҡ
ͻıʾˤ˾ƱԤУ͵ͿͻȻ˺ѷεؽղˤһԡ
˶֪ʲôһƬңȴɽĬͨͨǸ߸һŮʧ˻в֪롣
ʺǡ.ķˣ

鷴Ӧȥס֣"ʺ󣬻ʺѣڵأʺ󡭡."
ʷһϵƿ۾񶾵ϿһͻشЦ"ϣϽտɸˣ"ȫϣԣȴƽޱϲ˺¡
һһŶʶߵߣ"ʣ"
ϻһϮɴסʣ˫۸ˣԼָסһ飬رסؼУ"ɻǵԼʲôҿûջλȵø߸Ըô"
ϲͫɫ΢΢Ц֣"ʣңûˣǻȥòã"
ʾֵ㣬˼Ĵ̼һŲĹ˾ǱŵøæǰסΨ֮ǰˡ
üǣȴˣ"˭׼˶Դʺ"
˲˶ɿ֡

Ц"ô˵"ָոմ͸һʢļ࣬ʱ˿ȴѪֱֱָϣ"û裬ŷˡ"
ҡͷ"ˣʣǻȥã"ƵĿǣҪȰ뿪ϯط׹ȥЪȻ˷ŭ
ͻȻҲ˵ȥ˫Ŀܾãοڣ"زȥˡ"
˲ɫīȴ¶΢Цѹ

ǰŮӣʮʱϮɫ쵤£ʱԾɴţȴҲǸǳɫӰˡ΢Ц̧֣ǧ
һ
ΪɴЦ

һס"ʣ"
˦ֲǷ񲻹ѣЦᣬ"ϣܸ˰ɡ㽭£ʲô"
ų֮ȴ㹻Ȼʵ
Ȼ֣"ʣ"˵˲ɲܲʼֱ治峡Ϻ޿أֻ˽ͻط׹ȥ
ʢ̫̣ҴճŸȥ׹ҽŻʺ״ҡײ֪Ρ
һ־硣
ʻԼȴͻȻƽһԣ鹬̽ʶҩҲֱ׶ҩ롣Щģδѣ"ʣ"
Ŀֱֱؿ"˵ʲô"
һʱԣ"£ҩˡ"
"ѿɣǲǡ."
ϲ˵޺ҩ˼ͰһԣôŮӣԼ˵ЩʲôҪ²ɣ룬ȴͻȻ룬һһڰغҩ
"ϣ˵Ӧɻ"
ϰǿ˵ӹ""
¶ܸоõʿںƽ"ôڶ£ҲһҪӦ"ף"˵"
"ʺʧǷϣͱƸҰɡ"
ȴŭȰڰϣ͸Сʢż𻨸⡣ݸ"ô"
"ϷԣӦǲӦ"
ȥĻʿǹ𻨸ֹιҩִ̫࣬ЩѹѹɬϵıǺů̧ӣ"ӼΡ."
ЦȰ"ˣ԰ɡ"
˳ſڣɿڵĹ𻨸ιȥָĴ
Ѫ
԰׵ָմȾʲôȵҺ壬ȥֻЦ۾ͫﶼǾάס谮ƣ"ʡ㲻Ҫ.."ʡ
΢ЦָĴǵζµѪ

ͲȻ׹ɴҷ壬ϽΪƣһŵǧΣƵӰΡΡַ̧һڵϣָѪ
סĶɷ棬סⳤ͵ͳͳħ
ֻ۵úؼңʮܸͥԺһӡ
ⳤס˶ѡ






һʮ ȥ̨գϣ

ǲӿѪϽϱˣȴҲϷſӼΡ˵ҪӦġ˱ҵĵڶ󡭡
ϻסظȥߵѪգƣҲӦ˵Ҳ˵Ƶͺ𣬡ʣ㲻ҪҪҶӦ㣬ˡ㣬㣡
΢΢ſڣڲʱضãǻˡ.Ϸ԰ǰͫɫӿһķŵȻڿ־塣΢΢Цܿ졭.ûˡ
һѷſҾ׼ոȺǰʺʧǳ˴һʱΪ˰̽޹صĹˣȥ̫ҽſڶȥͣϲϷ£һ͵ˤȥӼΣ
ˤµæס֣ʳɢɫ԰ֽߺɫѪԴԴӿǼİɫ֮ϣ˾綾ָΣסɫۣӼΡӼ˵
ϱ§ססҡͷҲӦֻ֮ô֮Ѫ飡ȴһƿ㵽ջϷŹң㵽ûģҲٱ⹬￴пģҶǵãʲôҶǵãϣǵյ桭.ʹӦ.ŹҰɡǻʹ
ҴҵؽŲͣ⣬˶
ľʡ.ҡҲǱһǹĺͯһ̱ڵϣȴԹ޲֪룬ʡҽ̫ҽһлü
ϣòԾѯʡ
ʼȥȥ
̾Ϣҡͷ龰֪Ȼ壬ʱܽȥ¡
ϾҪٶȿڶͻȻһƷԲž֮в豭ƬסһƬƬӼΣѾ֪ҵӣ̫ҽҲȲң
кһƬֱֱؿеͬ棬ʡ..أҵĹοˡɼתΪͳҾ֪ˡ
ѪУַ̧ȥ۽ʪôܿء
ϱβֹʹʧЦ㽫Ӹҵʱ򣬾͵뵽ա
Ȼ̧ͷӣ
ƭˡ.Ǽٵģҷ衣ִ߶£㲻ҶԲԣӼΡ.һյܱ˽ҷ
ŵؿɿ֣Ϊʲôô룿
ҡķ˰ɡ
סڰпᣬӼΣӼΡҺܰܰӼΡ
֪ҡ챻ֿ̧ס˵ЦźӼһ԰϶룬Ӳ̽.֣˵̫ѡ
е
ֻڶӼ˵ѣǰɫӰ̸ϾֻǾ̫ƣϣ֪˵ʲô̫Ŷȴң޷ټˡ
ʣӼһڴˣ
һЦ޼ԡķһ㾪ĿϡҺѡ.һڴˣɣӼҵգҽϡһ£˵ģ¡ִһһȥߵѪգʼӦ£ԺŮӢҵһж˵Ҫš.
ЦĿ֮ȫǳʣ㵱һԳֵķ˽ˣԸԸ⣿
ȴǵһιִ⣬Ӧ
ãҴӦ㡣





һʮһ ȥ̨գУ

ϵ˼㡣΢ЦֻжεѣһѪӿϣ಻ֻۣʣ˺ݾ￴뿪ҡĳͷôֿԼϣʹ˼ͻȻǰϣһԵĽǺãǧٴҹʱһؿڣûкڹ룬˵ɷһ֮ڲΪ򡣡
ǿ̵ˮӿͻȻſҧסӣݺݵҧһб˿֮ϾᣬŶѪں䣬ӼΣӼΣסͬһ֣ĥĥԼ
ϲˣ˺ҧԼǵ˿ڣܿѪޱϲ侲ọ̀Ҷ㡭̫ˡҵĴʾҪĹһҧһصͷ̫ˡŹҺòą̨́ϣ첻ᡭ㻹ǲǵãӼΣܲˣһû˱΢ӲΪκίԼ㣬㣬ӼΣ
ͷ֪Ҷ֪ҲҲἵʣ㲻ǷˣĵӼεĶʡʮɴһЦ
Ĵ֮ؾǾҪ뿪ǰһУ΢΢һգЦ÷ֺŵӣϧһơ
ˣΪʮָ黨ЦһҹֻˮʱͳͳôʱҪִȥԣݲ˿͡ع⣬ֻжŮӲܹվߣֻƽȶӣǹ̫ˣع紫棬Ȿ̫ڱ΢̬
ôϲϱ΢ˡ
ԽʱգʱҪԼ˾˶Լķ̬ʺķˣٲǶӺݶĵٲǰ㻨ǵķ绪ǧ
ʺȺţΨĵҲӡ
ǲ׽εˡ
ףǱƵһиˮգΣ

ƽ˿֮ʣʣӼûи߹㣬Ψһʹˡ
ǰһƬʲô壬ʱһĿͫķ绪ȴһ˿΢ЦҴδ˵
ҲЦɢҵͷһһ˳뱻УͷϻнλҲ˳Ϊȡ£Ψɵòʣ˽Ӳ԰ǽ㣬˰мʣͬ˵
Ϊˡᶮüʡ
ԼҲΪʱԴĿ־ªӼӦҪֵˣϧҲüʣ㣬ΪŮȴԭΪգԾʡҲϷһУϧʡ㵱˼尾Ǳȥɡҷߡ
ǾҪ˯ȥʶݣȻ˵ֺ䡣
Ȼԭ꣬һֱů෴ؾȻÿһλعȥϰغ¶ȡʣĲ濴Ҳ֪Ρ
ϵŮû˻Ӧ
ͻȻܸС㣬ŮӢʮ𼱰غŽ㡣˻ʺϴ󲻾ϢҲͲǻʺãοϲǰŶ׼Գ빬͢˵Żʺ鲻̽ӣ˲ôţȫȻ֪˷ʲô糣ǳǰŵˡ
ŮӢϵؽ¡

ʵգ뵽㿪˵һǶġʡôءˣ̫ѹ˰ɡǱ㡭ȥ˵ߣġһõﻹ˭΢ЦͫȣһѪģȴÿ¡
ʵĴΪضѪⷭͷȥָ
ȴ԰

Һܼ˺ݾֶγͷҡƽؿԼķ޷Ծȥ
̫ҽԼ뿪˵ص
Ƿ޶ˣѰϴЦ̲סбһѪڵء
Ժ̨Ůƹ⣬㡣ǱΡЦӯӯ࿴顣
ǲǵһĴʾ䣬Цӯӯ࿴顣ðңԸϷ硣






һʮ ȥ̨գ£

⡣
ŮӢܿ죬ԷһҹȫͬϢҪ£ӣＫطʢ֮תǼ˥ԸԼġһ˵£̫ҽոڻϽȥʺҩˡ
ھĻš
ŮӢֲߵߣĳҲͻȻ𷽲ڵ춯Щûмֽȥ鿴ȫ˶Ҳ֪Ǻá
׸ŶʵѾͷ˵ʺһοʧ̬ˡնʵӴѹǸܴĴ磬ŮӢŵľţ¶˾ǰȥ
ȴͻȻˡ

ϢȫڵһѪƿҹԺع룬ǷһĿͫԶҹĻ䣬һ˲䣬˽
֮ҫһ̷ԶվڷУǰδеã
ôˡ
ʶػΪ㻹΢ЦŻԼ
ȴֻӳ£һغںɫѪ

ŮӢڶδ˳棬Ļ˵üִ˿ڣ򡭡.ôˣһ仰๬ˣֻûϻѪȫ񣬡̫ҽ̫ҽ
Ϻǿȥءִⲻȥ̫ҽ
ŮӢͻȻȥôˣϿ㲻Ǻڴгһô̵Ȼ˺ŵؿϣ㵽ôˣҪȥ¡
ʺ򲡼ްһ仰˵龪εڵء
ŮӢˡ.ǰϣȻʱ˿̻򶨣˵û.ԼòһŮӢѳȥֱڣһƬʰȻĿڴ֮ϣϻŽһֻ˯
ûڱĿȥŮӣԼҲܺһõ˵˵ĳޡûôĵһ˻᲻ԼڣŮӢۿﲻȻǰδеĺ¡
վ

ŮӢһһ㣬˯ʣѪǡǷ˶ͻȻЩʲôƳһѵҩŵػعȥϣ򡭡ʲô
ҡͷ˶Ⱥ档ûС
˵
ƽ˶ҩȥ˴ݼĶҩԾ
ŮӢţ֪֪ǰս˵ʲô˵ȴǡҰȡ֮㾿ʲôҪ
άֲסɫȥץסʣӶԲԣʲô⣿˵ͻȻӦûڶת·ңȴֻźõףǶʷѾ޸ĺõ衣
ȻǱ˳еŮӢҡۿߣԡִҶʹҽվԼһձһأǰʧһʹ࣬ôߣҡϣΪ
ʱ˿̣ŮӢڿһʵ侲Ĳ֪֪.Щԥ衣һֱװΪɵ֪ʲôܲҪԡһֱúۡ
ͻȻתվһһŮӢŵЩңסغˣ򡭡.
˵һ顣
ŮӢʼڲøûа취ѳڣ⣬ŷЩʱմͷ޸ġ.
Щ
û衣
˺ܴĴ̼һһץס˵һ飡
û裡
ҲŲסǻӿһѪ³ŮӢУ˳̫ҽ

Ϊܹˡ
ϧʢ֮һҹһáһһޣ˫ݡҲ겻Ըν費Ƕеʢװɵдⲿ裬ľֻдɵӡ
ϵĴ
ҹҹӼΣҪǵãʵҪԸң಻㡣
һ绨Ļ̫ʵȻƭ⾰˭ӱ˭ǣ֮Ҳ޷˴Ρ
һ˭԰

ҵƶоòѰһӹӣƱҲգʧҲã֪಻ʡ޲ܣͨ಻踳²ЬǮ
ָů






һʮ ҷǶԺǾ

׵״
ѻݻʺһϦպûһ¡
δκǰذһϮǳ̵ѹڷղⲻʱͨʽеڵϢһԡ֪ʸ
ͳһֽģּѪ쳤ؾãʤסԵլӯݣ֌󡣳ڳãïĵ򴺡ù¡ھǰĴｻУˡθƣ֣ƽ飬չš.ڳϣɫ죬ǧ費ϵ־䡣ӽʳ֮һ·ĵأӣֻΪĳ֮²һ
Ȼĵ
ͬһյĻʳ֮ϣж˼ǵŮӰȻھ֮Цִ֡ݷһ˲ƫһĽϱ˼á
ˣַ̾Ϣúõת۱ʣǰĺޡ

ʹ֮ϱĿĬȻһϮȾ͵ˮ̷ڷǰɢղ
ִⲻֻܸ֣̿Ůǳʲô𡣲պܸУݷֻǰг䣬ع
ܸԾսţڹͥԺ֮в֪⣬ǰһʱԣȴ˺Լݴ
ΪϹܸ֮йضݣһԺ˵ڵ𾪲ѡ
ڸŹ£Ǻ⣬򲻿򲻿ɰ
ɫƽϣܴһкβɣֻԼɣӼһ鲼ƽ͵˰ݼɡһĻͫʼЩϲձֻŮʲôϡ

˵ףû˸ԽĴƽһʱϢϰڰ֣㲻κβ棬ŲܸͥԺ֮С
ЩȥһճĳȴĿǵԼվ£ܹƳһ硣
վȴֻ쾭ᦡ۵׷ӿٿصһμĵطͬƾĵĻڣʱյһ£ͫȷ绪ǧ
ǼŵĲ΢΢ЦĿ죬Сˣ

ʱľϺضݣ¸棬վɴһЦ
ʣ󲻺ڣ
ϾһʵŻѪԶԶ˵˼ʧ

ʱϺػףôղС㣿ڱʵһ㶣ŮӢӣڷнΨͻʥݡ
΢Ц۾ͨԷһССģޱ˽ӶСꡣ
˻һǽܸȫǣʺѡܸС㡣
üͣ̾˿

꾩ݣյϵϢʺްᡣ
ԶԶ˰ú˽Ϲһǰߴ٣ϸ̤⣬ѹսҲڣСġʥϼﲻá
ȴ֪Թһ𣬾ע˴ҡ

һ֮ع鷵ꡣ
δǰȴӹ˴ŻϲڵУѻݻʺߺˡ.鴹ףڷбŲһŲԸˣǺ˷أ
սһţȥѰϡ
֮ྲ˵ȫȻһ̵أȫȻľԺ䣬ڴ֮λ˴׺ţȥشȥϣ˻ˡѹúܵͣΨ־ϵȸ
صľƿɫȹź漴֣ܿ͵͵뺫ؽȥ
⣬бȫ΢΢ü׿飬ϡΣ龰ֻģŵһԥ
΢΢ֻ̧ҡҡͷ뺫˽ȥ

ľֹϡ
صһһްصɫɴֻ֮ŷۡ
һذ׵ѹϣɢȴҡʮϲͷ΢΢ڣƽ
ͫ΢΢ظȥзߵ֮һʱͷĿѣβȣæǰϡ.
ϵɫƽ֪ȴ֪ʺ񣬴˷֮Ͻ˭Ҳ룬ˣȴϵƽԾޱϲţվȸŶͷأҡҡͷʾԼ£ؿ˱֪Ѿڴ˵й˲֪ãȻһʱ޷
ϱҪػ˵ЩοĻȴϱеľα֣߰.ǰԸˣȻ˾ңǣҡ
ز֮ϣ˵ϵ˼ǣʺΪضް
ϲЦǲأ˿ţ
׵š
һ˲ϱȻΪΣ
ϳޱ߰׷ڰ֮УıЩһǰվͤԶԶعϮˮɫӰһ㣬ΪûܹվԣǶǳ롣
һֱЦˣ
ҡͷǰ˫ֺʮȼ飬㲻ԼˣûõҲֻǸѰŮӣֻڽˡ
ؼݻʺ
ֱǵҰ׵Ӱ㲻Լˡ






һʮ ʲʹϣ

ͫأȴúƣҡ.Լˡ.أôĵӡ˵ȴܵ͡ɴعݣֿڣޱϲ죬㵱Լɣ
ϵ΢΢Ӧ
ؼ˵ȥҵϻ㲱ʹڻʺǰļв԰Σǻ侲Գ֡ת߻̫ѣ绹Ҫ䡣
ͻȻᵽ뼽Ȼ뼽硭ܾúܾû֣ʱɢ뼽ƺԶҲĳбἰһеһл
ؿ뼽Ĵγ˯ѣȴһֱѣɱ㿪ʼ˵һοڻ뼽翪ʼħ統Ӯ뼽
ϱһľϣȻʼսΪӮ˭ȴʼĽĹһĻʹʲôãͻȻ͵վϳɢڼŶ࣬ͫȣ
˺˵ֻ
ȻֻûҺ߹ڹټһʹδֻյֻʣ°ᦡصͷڰϣʵҡҲ¡ǰ.ǰǶµʱŻܻصȥҲزȥˡ
ϳ̾Ϣ߹ȥıֻ֮ݼǣذ׵ϵʪգͻ˲һˣϲижɫĺͨ͸˵ģȴΪеٳѧεȻ裬·ûκ˵õ˳ӰִԱԼͬʱݺݵɱеϣϣĬĬţ֪˺˺
Ͽ޵úܳ졣ڹ߼谵ǽ֮һǷǷȻ绪ع⣬ǻн㾡µˣҽһһ֮ʹ顣
һµڷ֮˷

˺ܾá
ƽ΢΢ϣЩԥȴʳ˿ڣ˴СԿطô
ףһʹϳ΢΢üࡣ
Ǹӡ͸֪..૵ţûԿطԼӻʲô⣬ǸˣţԾһб˰̣ƫԷовʣ񣬶õĻᡣҪԼΪ϶¥֮Լฺô
ؿͫɫӿǷѾ˳֮ȴͣס֣Կطϡ.ϻָһĲɫȴͻȻĿȣΪұ賯ݡ
ȭǷźݺݵӣûʲô
ЩʲôƷɶϽɣϳû˵ʲô
˲ʱԿط׿ڴּ֮Լֱӱ·ӵ˽ϡڣԿطԼĻ˵ǲ˵
سʱضϿϽذ׵ѣ۵׿ʲôƽˣϵϳкּ⣬ȴسٳٲشһٴߴ٣ڿڣ֮ϳϽͽϹǰͬ
Ӧ£Գʣ
ҡͷɫϽڰ壬ϳиˡ˵ؿһϣȥűߣǺɴᣡ
ͻȻϵذӰȴȻһĿǣˣ㲢޾ߵ͹֮׺ͺ뼽縸
һ仰˵úľҴҵ˳ȥѾȴ˻˵һ䣬ӣԲ˷ɣһ˵գ̾Ϣȥ
ɢѾܾãûü̴ˡ

ҹڸбж
Ϣ빬𾪲ѣͬԼڷ֮н̸糣ҹȻֻʣʬһߡ
ԾûκԾ䣬ڱ֮ʱǲɢ˸иˡ˰г飬ΣԾȴзǰо綾

Ϲ֮ϣ⸺֮˵ź˵ж֮£ĬĬڵȥɣ¾⴫ֻ˵Ǻͳɼˮʡ
ŲԶȥִŮӵ飬ϸˡ
ϲֱֱվ񣬳ƻӳ֮ϵ˰ָ΢ŭԿط㻹Ҫ˭һͺ𾪵õ˺£ϣ
˸ҽȥԿطвȺЩʲôźˣʱֽǵƻһȫƵ
ȼɴȻڻ䣬˭ҽ޼壡
վһ֮УԿط㲻Ҫҵοģˮȴκ˽





һʮ ʲʹ£

һĨɫǰӹҲֱֱƿľ֮У̹϶У˽Ҫ˵ȴס
ŮӢʲô
ǰһϮ̵ѣŮӢɫ⻰ӦŮӢʣʲô
סֿڣȥ
ŮӢ
΢΢۾ͻȻЦҲô
ŮӢף޾⡣ǰذ׵ӰղԵ˲٣ŮӢǰһʹң˵ζҪ㡣ҪɱˣԶҪ¡
϶ϴЦҡ.Ϊ˭ŮӢ»Ϊһ࿴һۣҪȥ˵ùڼȴŮӢһںǺˣ˶ܲס
ǰʮŮ΢ЦͻȻסһ˲üۼ˶ʣȴֺƴйһƣǶʣڵⲻﲻƿȻԼʲǷ͵ŮӡտۿȥһΪһǣʻۿΪԾȥ
ǰŮӢŵԼԸһ衣
ǽȻͬŮӢƫķޱʵǿԴݻٵˡ
֪Ϊκ϶
ҡͷ
֪ʲô
ҡͷ
֪ޣҶûп˵һ֣
ҡͷ
žĮվҲûж̸ϴ󳹴ЦΪվ

۵ȫʮ͵ĺݾϳĬ˵йһжŮӢְΣͻȻ֣ǳȥɡ
ŮӢ˰ס֣Ĵľ˱¶ֻͣ˾
Զﻹ˾
ŮӢرǣ߳ȥһôôůٳţ૵
ϻָɣ΢΢Цݷֺ
ŮӢҪȴŲţħ֮ͫɵеһУ㵹ž֮ڶŮӢ򡭡
ɷõ˼ʣꡣҵһμʱ㻹ֻΧˣʱ򡭡һ⣬˺ع򵹳һŲ˳ȥ˻ﲻϣ಻ɿʱ򡭡ǸֵСŮءҲʮˡ.ḩŮӢֲѿ֮ɲķ˾ͫϲǰŴеԼ
һϡ
˲ϵ˵ŮӢ

ſŮӢʱ˺ûֽţɫ糣лõĺۼȥŮӢҽתּȥղº
˵һһ߳ȥ۹貶Ŀ˽üΪһ˫ӳտߵǽСһյĻƻ޾ɣԿط㵽׻Ҫʲô
һϮУ
Ƕ׵طֶȥԸҼాǾɡ

ʬδ硣
Ծ鷿֮еδȼϼɻңǰٻٵǷš
ֻ֪Ϲʹ;ξȴ֪ǷϣԿطױپӪ档
ţûл
ة³ǧţһǧͷ;ξ






һʮ һȵź죨ϣ

ʥԾݴӪԿطΪʾ׺ھͬסͬפ֮С
һйݽУ컨ҵƻˮһ˭˴Щ˼ҵԺǽлɼʳΪÿԿطձͺؼȷپһ·ӭЩʲôתУտʲôӣ޿ףѽڡ
¹ЦŻش𣬡£տ³ߣţ֯Ůȵᡣ
ԿطȡԼӾʱ彣ãô˻ط£ա³ߣ
ǡ
Կطڰϻ£Ĭοڣѹ֡
¹϶Ц£ɫľʹУҹݳ򿴿ڰͬҲݻƣ
ʥָû۹ȴѲδ֮˵飬Ϧȫ嵭ĿʱӼЦúܰٱ⵽ߣ΢΢ƿһ϶չйȻױĿϦҵ
̴ԿطͻȻϹխխһƫԷ£ӪѬվԿطЦǲ֪ǺõУãޱȥ
׼ʳﱸԿطؿ׷ʣǱߡδ˵¹ٱ֪ʥ϶ϹǷɹǰѵýʥɫɣɨˣ¹ٸæǰӵţҹҲ㵽ˡ
ԿطЦ̧ùǽϸϸ鿴ֻͣҲ㲻ãü滺ѵõĺ飬һзȥš
ּȥҹ۽˭ٽݲμ
ּ

һȵź죬ǧᡣ뻹оͣӹǡովսҵĽѵӭһƽѿĺɫ٣ݳвʱŮɡЦͣפǽСпŸʽСС⣬ԿطֻУС˭ſ޷߷Сոհںõһػһ󾪽УԿطعȥֻǵһ򵥵Ĳ˸ʽƣԭǸӦȴǲ֮ӹɢȥͻ֮Ҳ⣬ǸԱ߼ŮЦЩƵĴ¿ɤţȥļҵĹļһҲ󲻵á
ԿطҲЦֱֻ߹ȥСͬǸˣľګګسǸ֮˰֣޷޷
պһŪĹԼⲻȥֱ˵ҪЩǮ⳥ȴС㶿ڣҲģ̸⳥Χ˸Цһ±ա
СԹȥԼĻأԾǷǲϺһԷԿطЩ֣ϸϸ˵ʶҪȴּǲȥߵǰһº㡭Ƕӽ֮ˣ
Կطվ˵̯ǰ棬һСļ̌ͷЩįǰѯԼ˰κػعң
Ƿס®ݳ⣿Կط˭һԼϻ꾩˰
ǡǣã
ԿطЦʲô֣
ˮˮ硭.ˮ˼ѹһشͷ૵ЩʲôùһյưŪ
ԿطҲͬߣ̴һ˵ȴԸԽֺš
ü֮ͬùһյƣȴΪŵһʯͷֽڣԿطЩϧȥˡ
ˮֽ̾ӹԼģҪˡ
Ϊ
ҼǵСʱ򡭡ÿϦﶼǻʢףʱֻ˵˵ϦԽɴ̵ϸ賹ҹɢˮüĿһ֪ǽˣҲžյ㽣ԿطͻȻЩп˵꣬ϧҲⲻ˴ʪЩ֪ҺͺյĻƶûСҼǵһ˵һܳ˴ҪڽϿһĻӣնųʽӣҪϦţ֯Ů.ˮԼ˵žЩѹЩƣʱյûȥϣϦɡ
Կطǵֽƽ˵ϦӼΰɣ
ˮһϸϸشʱѾƺˣ˭ʶ





һʮ һȵź죨У

ԿطֻʰˮҲƺµͣ˵˵ϵľ°ɡ
ˮͻȻȫȻǱ˸ӣ£ɱȲˣ֪֪ĴµȵƶסĵطΪܺᲢۡ
ԶԶϸСĻԿط΢΢ۿߡ˲ºյĸȾӼΡôžˣʱʲôӣǰʮ˭Ц裬ŵĻȡ
ȻʼҪԭ
ԿطԼһҲ֪ǲ
ˮȴԾһţ˵ǵ֮࡭׿ǽʳһǵһΪĲգֻΪ˽еʯ·𲭣ʱ㱻۲ʹϽǶ̫Ҳû谮˴ţʱΨϷĵӣǧ֯סΧֻҪعױϥϡˮϵ˵ţǼȴԹ첻ԿطϣԼ꣬Ӽͬ͵ʱԼЩʲô䡭ǵŹΪЩٺսҲһʧԼĵܵܣþʮȥѰַ˶ٵнգӵеļӼνȻͬ
ԿطվЩ𣬡˵ĺǺɡ.
ˮþ棬㵽˭
Կط΢Цﲻʶ뼽йһ֮Ե⻨Ƽǲɷһյ
ˮͬĳǻǶԿطһһصĻ˵ΣѾܾû˿ˮ˵ˡԸҲƶˣѡһյɡ
ԿطִһյѾۺ۵ĵˮЩ֣յˣõİɡԿطҡͷش𣺡յǱɫġ
ɫ
Ⱦ˳ıɫѵðü˼
ˮֱȴ˽һգҹٴˣ
ԿطףһǵҪΣнչ
ԾҪ潭Ѿ˳롣ֻϧҲ֪ЩܹںˣšˮЩţԿطȴļͷϦ֮ҹҪãմ󹦸֮ʱ㱱ϾʦŴѰұɡ˵Կطӻóһֻƽ[ҹɫ֮·ĿţɸˣЩպá
ˮһɫǴʧɫҪԿطһѷסֻڽͷż֮ˣκˣǡ
ˮףִȥ

ϴϲųһֱӰӿȥ֮ͻȻæϹһѾﾣݡԿطǱɫĻȴżֻ֮ˣЩΪζͬһȥ˴ÿճ궼ϲȥӰԷŵƣҹҲˡ
Կط漴Ըһϰμ
˺ӱߣȴ˳С⵽ӱ¼Ӱ˽ﲻˮĵطһֻС̯Ϊд־裬ԿطؾǵбؽǷ֮ܲͶϲá漴֮˺£ԿطԹȥڵϣϸϸ˼ȴ־дЩʲôǶ࣬ʱ˿ֻ̣Ӽ֣ʲôϣʲôϣխխһˮܹ͵ùȥҲֻӼ֣ӡ





һʮ һȵź죨£

д꿴īӼεּЦд־͸ֱ԰Ӱζһ֮˲֪ҹɫĹˡ
ԿطǻƷںˮ֮ϣֱϰƮȥ¹֮ºˮ΢壬ǵմȾ¹ԶԶȥɫͨ͸Լһڻ谵ҹɫ¿֮еˮ̡
Ӽ޵ٳ죬Լշתսڰһƽȡ
ԿطӼΡǷעͬǣں

ýš
ԿطԱƹ֮ʱδйľվȻССһ˲ӼΣ˷ǽӵյƣұȫฺ
ʵѾ̫ֻҪִƶЦһжʲô
ԿطǵƮȥ԰ٳټûǵݵӰӡ

֮ʹ³ǰݼ
ԿطܾûжҲӦͻȻͳʵǷ³
ǣɵةǰ
õĳĬ

ͻȻСŭĿüıͻȻѽտˮİ֮ҪӲɷɻһ㣬޴Ľˮ죬˵ĺӵʱϨذӵ׺ھī֮ϡ
ţ֯ŮҲֻһΣ룬οϦкθɣ
֮°ɢȥңָϦǺΪģӼΣԿطڴģӽԿطϹźޣҵҪΪ֮Ҳһٶ
黨ĽˣƫҪ½ӡ

̴սսǣԿطȥٲһϦȵ˼䡣

жִͫƶӼΣϡ
жȥյõӣǷΪˡ
ж뿴㲻ɫ裬΢ЦЦһ衣
ϧԿطǸӣҲ㾪ɾޣţ㳤ģôҪңȻ߾֦ϣֻÿᣬ𣬿᲻ᶮ̻

žӰϦ䡣
صӰ˲˼Զȥ֮һ˳Ŵ»ԾǲģִȻ
ѰؿʲôֱֱسźȥгһյɫĻƣˮҪӵǰһ뱻ʪܵĻƽ¹⿴ī䦿ȴܱϣӼ֡
¹½ǶȸպãһλεĹǷֻɫĽ[

ݴıҰߺʥӢ
Կطһ˶Խȣһյֻһ䣬ӼΣɻ⣿
ͨһ仰Ȼˣû˿ڵĻᡣ






һʮ ǧˮǧ

һҹ
Ϧ֮ҹȡǧƥɴȴֹͨͨڷ֮бŲʹֹһףȫƽһ㣬ﷻ˽ͲסڣƵƮػ
Կطһ֮ʣ϶ڷߣҹϰϰ˿һϰԵϵ˰̡ͲˣۼȴҲɢԶĿ֮ɫ̻ǽϷģϲ֪ڽϿڽͬ
ҲһƹۡȾ˳ıɫƮڻǳˮС

ҹǺӲãƲ֮ȵȴҲ˼ٵĿˡ΢ЦԿطһԼ˵ĻԭһΪ뼽⣬ʱԼ¶ֶȥձ㵱ǽü֮˷Լˡ
ʵҲûʲôãԿطֻǵԼϮʢƤңһǡ
̾͡˶ˡ
ݺӰ｣ĶὭ֮ʱȥϴ֮ɴ˲ʱ޹⣬֮ڸĻޣһһ߹ᣣй˵ᴫϣŮӢ
߻ɫţ˽¼žΣڿڣּȥ֮º䡣
ŮӢڵỽһϣȴֻȥɡ
š

þˣѾ֪ʲôʱվչ䣬߻ؽе裬ϸһӣǶµ裬ٲ
աϦָ̾ᴥýĵͷǰϦұɴ֯ڰ̾ȵţҲ֪ϿǺȵΪţĸʯɾñһ㶺Цñʣ㿴ҹʯůˡ
μǵһ仰˵˵ް޺ޣһ̣ȻֻǸһ޷ѡʵֺ䡣
ղס
ԡķˣȻҲղĻꡣ
µãزŪһնʾصʢֻ֮һμǲϱۣЩϻ򼲻ָ
ľƫƧҹȴ֮±ƾ裬ο庮ֻŻѪ³ߵĽϣ÷֮ˣָ¾Ȼ룬ͫƽ䣬һ£ǼѪ
ܲסͣңһֲ̧ȥѪգ²ѹѪ֮ϾȻЦø⳩죬ɴ˵Ҳ֪ɡЦ˭˵ģǴһع⡣
ֻΪʲôҪأϸ̫˵ġ뼽һңһ延һѣһΣС
˵Ľǧɽӡ
еЩһѪһѪذų
ѹǻӿƽ˫ֽס豭ȡΨһů
տϦ





һʮ Ѷ

Կطһз꾩֮յϱʮ֮ʽº䣬ϵľ˻ʹȻȫʣЦŭ⡣ڰתּͬʮ壬ԲԲƽΪʺ
δӼһฺæº󡣶õĽ
ǱҲݹ顣Կطٽ빬سһͬ齭֮¡
ʱ½ʥ⣬˳һƽƣ̲ýƫ
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УԹӵӾĶֽƿһյˮݻ˵ֽơ
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ԹӦŻ֣һЦˡ

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Կطϣ𣬡Ѷ
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˿ᶨȫʮ͵ĹֻסԼ֣ůİοҲղů
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ִƮƮһ˿ȻҴ򿪣ָĦԥԹһۿţϣ
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Ϧ֮ҹһ棬ôԿط˵ǧɽΣǴҲĻǡ
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Сȴֻ̽ȡ豭ò衣
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СƷһڣǱҲҪմȾ˵ķɴΣڹôɱ֮вɫ嵭䦿ţͻȻҹɫµıɫӰȴҲˮˡ
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С΢΢ҩ㣬ٰʺҲǺ⡣
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ѪΣŻѪ֢֮ɾϣʺ԰ҩǷ˰ɡ
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һʮ ֪飨У

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ŮӢعֻ˵ʤƣεڷǰġ
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ˡͻȻЪЪãȻطڹȥɡ΢΢ڿţĿȴ֣ܾ
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ǲֱ⻰ӦһǣЦļһϮǡǱűߣŮӢҲ֪ɫΣֻЦ˳
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ԡ˵ʲôЦŮӢҲ˵ӣͲǶʰʢŮӣ
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Ϊһ֮ػ겻ڶķ羰ŮӢҪĲǶѾõˡֺα֪ôο֪ˡͻȻȻͳ⽭ϱٲֵˡǾˡµȻȴѰ˵üȴĻ峿˲˹졣ֿϣЩˣȴ·Ӳɿ̽ŮӢɫ԰ף㡭..֪ʲôйأ
ʺ޹أǡҺйء
һ˵ϣŮӢȻ׻ˣ޹֮ԶԶػµȺɮ֮
ǽļ׿ǣȴƳ˸չãձǴļ⡣
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һٰʮ ͽͺ޷У

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꾩͢Էʥϰʦ֮ոϳһ񣬻˿˶Ҫȡ
ѵ˿ŲԿط̶ųȥߣ˶ղ˼巹ʺΣ
̶ҡҡͷǱ˵һֱԡ
ԿطҲת巹ȥǹ˲ãȥ¿ǹ¿ǹΪԼĻʺôҲʲô⡣
˺ٱйȥȴһ໸ЩʲôԿطһʱ벻ʲôʱ⹬˳ȥס˭
̶һЦʥôǰЩ˻˽
Կطһ㶣Ϊʺҹ˲ãʱǲʲôˣҲǸʢеŮӡ֮˸ʫһף죬ǵ֪ʮףһж
ԿطٲʫҲ֪ʫ¶ӹŮӣԴ˺棬ռ˱ȥ˳·ӻתȥƽ˵ĹŮʥ˻æԿطŵĶʲô
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̶ʱɫæǰأ˭׼㶯̴⹬Ȼû˵Դʥϵǻ˲ĵĹأɵἰ̴ǲȼѬ֮ã̴Ҫմŭ˭ҲԵɣȴǱܿϡ
˸ոսﶮãҪȼ̴йȡϸϸѡ
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һ˲ĻңǺܿԿطŮ΢΢Цˣ檲μ¡ӯӯؾҪݵ˵Կطȴű˷ִ磬ֻǴԼǰ⻨˶ǾԼȫ
ԿطЦôվſ񣬻˴֮ʰߣʥϵ˲ôƫҪȫ޷ֻðݵ
˽軵˵Ļ
Կطڣȼ̴
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Կطԭ̴ﻺ⻨˹ﶯȴ糣㵹Ҳ֪˶
΢ЦþɫԿطϸϸشüĿȷǺáѹΪ㹰ֽɽԸ
üʹ֮ǰŮ縡Ƽ£
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˸ЦüģʥϿɾ˳檵̴
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ϧ䲻̴ǣ̴ֻ䡭ֻ˶ۣȻŭԿطڻ˶ŵʱˡ
Կطڵ澪֣ޱ֮ʫȹ˵Ůӣȴʵ̫ʧ֪Ϊʮף̾кã
Կطָǽǵ¯޵Ĺвκȼ̴֪
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ŮڵֹסùڵĶЩ̴ľǲ֪ǺãԿطԭúõ鱻̴Ūǻɬԣֽ̧Щľùȥ
ȫȥ巹һ˻ص鷿֮УϾĽϽͼЩ̴̯ϣҪĵһôѵõ
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ˣȥԺǻ񣡡
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һٰʮ ͽͺ޷£

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Դƽ꾩˾ǰϳļϣ෴ԿطȴûˣҲ
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ԿطüЦһ֮飬ϹȻ֮
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հȻԶǣ˾ٱƵñηڲã̱ҪС
˭Ҳ֪ʲôԿطԥ֮ˣǹոƫƫǽϣ˽ɣҵϣǹһ棬Ǻηħ
ţԿطֿ˿ڣگ飬Ϊڶʹ
Ȼʥ⣬ջȥ

ϽӵϢڵϷ֪Կط˼ҪŴƲſԼµ̸ʲô벻Ƿⱱگתδ
ʱδĹŨЩŵӵĹŮ͵͵ǰȥЩ𻨴أԭѵó˹½£Ҫܳʱŵóȴ¶˴ҴҳǹŮǾ;һæǰ
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ۼùȻȥһڹ˶ǿҡҷΪ׵˻ع̧Ǹգ⻰˵֣ͷĿҪꣿ
һȥӵǴˣЩȥɡ
СƴʯСɮɨ⼸ͷȴ⣬ҹ紵Ҷ
Сң΢΢һЦϴӡ






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Ű
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ѾѰˣôִôõһеʲô塣
ԥԥǷˮһıô
תǧͷԽԽ˯ţԷǲϯϲܲ˵رհհգʲôգ˱㰲ĵȾɡ

֮յگ飬ԿطΪηڶʹʱڹУ˶ȥ
СȴЩɫﰵǹձˣҪΣȴЦΣ׻ĹǣĹλԲ
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Կط㡭˵Щʲô־òʱˣգСȴǻȻʣһϣתԣķ
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᲻ãǾҸһ˰̡
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ǡӦǰڹȥͨλСŮĺɫ֮У±ԴΨй֮ΪҫĿĹâѭǹǿµ·ﰵЩ֣վ¿ܣָо˼ɫ죬
ϼæס죬˳ȥʧ˹ʱǱʶѰһԵĵطǹ֮ƽ֮Ͻ̻ԻΪʢ̧ȥȴǶȸպãĿһĹӰ˲Ŀǰо޴ӰģѣݵĻ谵ѣԣϼæĿȴѾǱ治⣬ϸ룬ֻð΢͸
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Ǳʲôһ£Ȼôȥ
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룬Ŀ᳦ϡ÷ѩңһƾ·ңѳɡǡ紺ݣиԶ
輸أϾ衣





һٰʮ Ŀ᳦ϣУ

꾩巹ƽѾкܶӲ˵ֻһ˵ڴšҲûʲôɫƽ˼ӣѹ֡
뾡취˵ЩˣȴҲան뼫ζζ֮һ·ֱԼ˲棬ʺ󣬳ɡһ㿴һĳضǽУʥϴ͵޻ʺܵ
ƽҲ˵̧ۿ˿̾ȴҲĴԾǸҲ˵ƢתȥͳͳһԣʺȺ࿪θһ
ʾƽҲϸϸغţҲǺúȵĶɫԻһֱˣúõϴױ磬úõţֻǲԸ˵
ҸղȥǰߴƫĹŮ͵͵Ǳ˵ǰЩʥϱʺġĻϲ˵ֻԿطǼǵõģȴȫ˺Ĳã˲ŷˣֻõ
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ȵȡƺЩʲôǰϸɢͷ̧طŻŮӢ߹齱ٵˣⲡһαһһҪ
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ŮӢķԸݶǲɢˣٻȥʱܰȻؿϣ΢΢۾ʵ⼸գһֱɡ





һٰʮ Ŀ᳦ϣ£

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СŵôԣֿĿȻʧվ߻ԭλãֻº۲̽

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һٰʮ ѬŪϣ

ڶգһƱ·ϡ
СǡŶ֣΢΢һЦ"ºڣδ֣Ҫ£"
Ųӣ"˼ȥ֮辡Ȼϵþ˴꾩鷳"
Сϻľţתʯף"ղ˵ǲˡ"
ƸԽ"ұ֪ӣ˼ʵȰռ򵥵ѹ£һɴǺá"
Сһţǰ"֣Ҳһ֮"
ȴǲģ"УؽұҪ뷨ùı⡣"
ԾǽߵģɫһϱҪ"ƶɮʵö£ֻ΢ʴ˲񣬹ı֮һ֮Ҳ޷ı⣬һȥȺ飬ϱɣס"
˼ô˻ʵһҲֲģϱø谮ڻʹ֮УԼ䲻ദ֪ģȥ˿ҲǺ޽
"ϴ"
С΢΢ͷ˫ֺʮ"Ҳǹʲƣʤݱܣ֣֪֪ãΪ֪"
ףտŹɫûʲô󲡣"賤ȰοҪҽβźá"˵תҴȥ
СҲЩڵĿյرߣЩѰóʳȸʱһ·СɮɨͥԺҶúܿ죬һǲݰܡ
ǿҶ峿ⲻʢỺСϵ"òմǲġ"
СΪд򿪷ľţ"ϲ"
ϻˣδôƣ"ǻȥˣ"
С߽ȥ"ƶɮ֣ȥˡ"赭д˿ʲôرȴЦ޷ֲ֪ȥѰʲôӣ"˵ȥһ۳Ͷ٣мץס˼ҪѰ̸ס"
СҲԲ̾һϮ¹ڷǰ

ʦѬڶ𣬻֮ոϹƽضһֺ빬ң˵ǳΪйݣլ֮ľʯ񽻴߻ƳΧ𲻵˵ȿʹԶЩҲƣżа˽ֻۣüʯɽˮУʥϱݣ˵ȴľǵһΡ
οҪ͹լۡҲ󣬷լǾѡضɽķ֮˿ɵˣѹҪصΧ
ķعҹͣвٵо͵͵زβԶԶţֻЩȫ˹֮߳һתʱ˶ۡ
"ⶨǽйͻ¹ǰѩԹŵ㶼Ҫ˲㲻һ"ߵİ׷̾ţ˳Ž߻ԼԺ䣬ǱķǾɣٺЦţ"ⷽɽʯľɲǵϰߣҿΪλ˾ɫ˴£񡭡"ѹ͵͵غ˵ţ"֪޹УǰЩӲ˺󹬡ɫ״ݰǱǹȻ"Խ˵Խ£ɵöƳ֮¥ɭɭһ߸ΪȺ¥֮ٲȻ˷֮ơ
УԿطִⲼ³УֻУΪȥԼ๤Ѭڵ½¥
巹ȻЩҶӣƽײƿȥǡǿˣνպƳһ磬ʱǺ棬"ǰЩӱ˵˸ô򣬻ʺټһ»ôҶ˿ȥ"
ƽ׻һۣѸٵر졣
ߵĻû꣬²ȥҪȥѰúõɨ˭֪ųȥԶԶͿ̶һ巹
Ҳ֣ʲôʱҲǰʥǰʾңƲƲ죬ֻʺȥ





һٰʮ ѬŪУ

̶ݼƽ֮㼱Ҵҵ˵⣬"ϽִⰵгȥҲóУة˼սڼ˾̫ðգʺȰһ"
˵Ҫݵ̶ǲԸֻѰʺ󣬻˵
"Ϊγ"ƽ׷һʱ벻ʱʲôԿطųþ֮㲻֪£ȿ˿ڣСѾͷǱ˺ܾõ£ܲ˵ؿʼ˵"ʺ巹ɲ֪飬ǰͻȻּѬڽһֺ빬ң˴ԣҳ˼Ҷ˵ǸĻ˽ء"
̶һ䣬""
ƽײԣοڣ"˵"
۾Ƴ̶ݺݵɫԽԽͣ"˵˻ӲءôҲ巹ݼʺ󡭡⹬ﵽ׻û˼ǵá"
"ʺĪ"̶Ļ"´ȷҪȥѬţֻЩ񲻷ģҪȥײ鿴ʴʺΪһʥת⡣"̶ϵĻҪ㵽ģƽײҪ룬¥ڹҪλҪոϹ޽Ļةඨҵ֮ǰȥȰ˵
ƽҲһ۾͸ǷӶŵϵҶ"֮Ա¶ġةʵѰˡ"
̶Ҳû˵ǲòѣҲ㲻ٹ˵ƽ׼Ҫȥ"ҲةൣģʥѲ⣬зִġοʥϵûܹҡ"
̶¡

ԿطѬڣϵԼ˳Ҫ⵽ԣǶϸض¥ҪԼһһҪ֮ǲģϾԴ֮Ψֲġ
׸ȣ꾩Ĺļ»ƫģһҪ
̨ͤˮ鿣滨һһҪԿ˲ŷģҪĲһζݻҪһֻꡣ
ǣƵģĹҲһְο
Կطۿߵ¥ԼİͷʱԼҲñģȻһʲô
ԭһļߣˣûлͷԿطҪ¶˷οǣҡ
ҹʱǲġ
ǸطҹԶ೤һҫĳɫǹһǳ̣ǵǸطķﶼԿطֻҲͨЩī͵ᣬֻżȻһʢȴҪֻϸ衣
ϣ԰һ˿һİοĽֻһ˿һοҲá

Կط׿ˮ򣬼ﵱǴӱѬⱱǧɼнǨ
һ·ϸϸ鿴ͥԺ֮вü"ˮ򱱡"̲ݻйأ"£ˮ򱱷ƱҪɼ֮ʴ˲ŲòиĶ"
"˵򱱣ȥ"֮â֣˹ڵβſ˿ڣ"¡ɰѬɼǧųɣѰ"
"޿ǧѰ֪֪޺ܲϲͬһ仰˵ڶ顣"
"ǡɼ"
""
ʱֽţ֮Ҳ̲סʵ޷˿ڣǰػ"£˾ʵΣǹɼǰڴ˴ʵԨԴ"
Կطüˣ"˵"
"ഫĴǨ𣬸ΪɽΪˮѬɽΪ˷ˮʴ˲ɼľľ˽סɢֻʣôһǧɼľŲ"
ԿطЦ"ΪӺξ˵֮˵Ʊͼ֮ԣȴһô"
"£ǲΪáΪһΪ֮š"⻰һ¾㾪˵ʵ̫ʥϿʱҪŭʧ˷ִ硣
˭ԿطȴĬȻǳãǬʣӰƫƣߴ¥ʶ
һжΪ㰡
ʥϺʲôôһ˲ԥڼ̨ͤ¥ӰӺݺ׳"ȳҲδ˹ɼһš"
ڵϵ˻æͣ"³ʵǴ⡭"
"޷"£"޻Ǿ仰ˮ򱱡һ˿һܸġ"

һʱ֮ͷβ˽****¸Ǵü㣬ǻ˵ǵŮˣ˳ں󹬾ܱƵʥ˷ˮ֮Ϊģ¹԰ɽˮľ
巹ǻŻţ"ʺʥΪ޵йݾѬĹɼ"





һٰʮ ѬŪ£

ˣƽɫλ֣"ȻȥȻ޾ĵ"ףʲôԵҲԼǰԵֻҪľйúõػţΪԿطӦҪúûš
ƽ׿ʼĽǸղסˣôҲΪòɣ˭أôĵӡ
һһӲס૵˵ŻΣ涼˵йΪģƽ׵Ҳû˾ˣʹһֱס巹ﲻǺԿطԶһ˾ҵġ"ȥɡ"
»ͽⲻˡ
ƽؿţ̫Ƶ鶼ûУСϣſž÷ˣҲô˯ˡ
ȵѲžЩ䣬ԹҲ֪Щʲôӣ˯˺ܾðɡ

պɲأٴȹټ
"볤ϴΪϱҡʵǡ"⻰˵ôЩǸε˼ȴ˿ðֻ̾ǺܱǸȥǱý
෴Ȼ̬ȾȻСЩ̾ϢûʲôǱǿˡϵͫɫԽԽǳ˳Щ˿סҲֲĶ֪Ҳû˿Ŀ
Ϯ԰ɫӰӣѾˡ

Сϳȥ΢΢ף"ӷ𡣹ƶɮۣлȥɡ"
㵣վǼҲüô""СѰ˸ɣȥźãϲģ̾"¹˼˽鲻òö£֣ذɡ"
һľ΢΢һ϶ƳƻƮһ̣˳ɢȥһؿ֦徻
䲻ķƺȻЩ̽Ѱ"磿"
һźɴᣣΪ˷򵥵ľСϳȥ˰ʱ򻹼ǵҪŻȴ뵽һ㣬ֻ˵ؾıãչǷС
Ȼ֪ôˣ˵Ҫδһֻ߰嵭ӳһ仰"Ҳǿˣɡ"

ԭɴ֮۾ţĲȥᣬر磬ƷǴЩ־ɡ
µȻ۽ؿڣ˲硭άסһаõıȴһ仰˷θ
Ǻܶ˵
ʵһֱĳ־
ʹû˳Ϲִʻϻк֣̫˺ģΪһƽ˳ƮƮȻشһɽӽ壬Ǹϸɵӡ
硣
飬ϲûйģʱ򣬱ɫӵӼΣǵͤʪʯ뼽ҪǼ١
һֺ΢ĸоԼжôǿ󣬶ۼ˵㲻òԼ
ǲԼʱҲú뼽ĸоƵͶ·
˵ľܿ¡
뼽ĵԶź

ôʱգԼվλãһ仰
Ҳ̫ڸ߿ԼˣòάȥϵѪӿּѪ֢Ϊ޷εĲ֢ҩѹһʱ׹ܲһԼһϮ֮µľ޴İӿ˿⣬ǿģǸѵӰӣϲ
һмҹƮҡѺ˴˶ѸһԼѵǰͫɫɢ޷˰֣ô˵ӣͳͳһʹؼѹѹԼ飬ȫӽԨʢӰڰ˶ʮꡣ
ôܺõˡ

ȥץСϵĲ豭ˮůĽõö࣬ǰ谵޷ЩȲҲ˲á
ǺЩˣ"ơ"Ὺڣȴӡ
һ㶣"磬Ҽô"
"ȥɡϱһῴ"
㶵ؿǷźԴԴϵ"硭㵽ôˣ"
"ⲻǺúõôΣƣȻȥصҶῼǡ"
޷ֻתȥ
ɴ󣬰֮һذ׵ز˴ߵѪա

Сִϱɴ߽ɫȻ΢΢Ƿؾ÷·ľϱĿֳŶߣ߻ӻžף߳ȥʱû˿ͬ
˿סֻͫĿ΢΢ЩĿҲǻ谵ܿҲֱˣѰ"Ҫ볤ҡ"
СϿȻͫɫɢ⾫񵹻糣
"ǡ"

ɴµУһ϶Ѫ





һپʮ ۹루ϣ

Сϰ󷭿Ƿӣ˵ЩξפӣϽҲ轫׼Ҫ˵ļȺĴǣСΪĿͣһҳ֮ϣ
ף˱𳤽θҪ㰵פҲ˼ȻѾ׼ˡ
СӦǣ۹ȴƳϱһҳּȺ֮£֪˭ķӣдõ¿ǵõ˼ֽڹй԰Ͷɱ֮󻼣һγӹ˼õԿطǷƻؽ֮˽ģֻ˵˷ԾҲùЩø
СϿķȴֻδᣬϵĿյǳǳɫ΢΢Ц
ϳһû֮£ҽնв㣬ʵóȥ˳飬Ȼ
Сžһӣʶô壬Ⱥ֮׹ʴδ¡
ϱ۾ҲȲˡ
С֪ģִӡ׼飿
׼ˡ
߽£ߵڸڰ֮ϣƶɮӡʵףֲˡƶɮ񡣡ȥݵ֮ϣǡһ˰̣˶һ˲ͣͣЦ鷳ˡ
ֿϽӡڣԼָȥ

ȥ֣ʱСϼаչɨҶСɮڳҲ˼ɣƵһԵƧУз񣬱ĿڣѹԷ֮¼Ϊأðв𣬹ȥɰнУȺš
ףӡһҳ֮ϣȻ׼֮£
СһĶʾЩ¹˼ãӦˣֻ˵ηԾʵ࣬ȥűɡ
ƱǷ׶ȥ

֮УԾǵӣһʱĿŽ⣬ɫǼɴ֮Բ԰ףԿطѾפݴ̫ԣ򲻵ʱųȥԼͫɫɢĿ
֪Сϻһʱʲô޵ؿ̾ţѪëĺЩȴֳ˱Ĳ˵곰ŪЦ֧ţҲһֱ˼ĿͻȻˣʲôԵɡ
һֱûлӦҲ㾶˵ȥϣ˼ɣֻ˵˵еɻ۾ӻʺҩ˲ͬ
ͻȻ֮ʲôȫ˵ϣĶʯһ࣬Ȼ˲ԣ㡭ǣ
ŮӢ㶵ؿŽű߶һ۹෭ڵأ
ָһɫȴǲ䣬ŮӢνҲͨ
С֣ȥ˵ЩҪ£߼ɨصСɮֶʲô˹ʳ̽仰ҲҶ˵ֱֱΪƿš
ŮӢۣ䱻Ƿ˿סЩˣȴҲãǳˣͨˣùķθ֮ˣ





һپʮһ ۹루У

Ц𣬡Ҳ޷ȷ־Ƿҩʲôϵ
ŮӢһľϣɫʧ֮Ҫ㣿
û˵ŮӢȻߣΪʲôҪ㣿
ϵҲգֻϸϸǶѣ˴ñȥΣ
ŮӢһ˲ȴϣԼһʱ˶û˵ĹǼǣŮӢʱֱȴҲãѰŵùȥҽ鿴ǷӰɡ
δ˵꣬Сɴȼһصʳǽ壬ůůﶼǵĹ㣬ʺǡҲסϵûʲôֻͬŮӢɫǲãȻһ˫ۡ
ϵڣ£û˱ˡ
СϹʩ񣬡ӷ𣬹ĿղתȴҲ󿪽һƶɮ¡
תȥȴ˿ڣ½
СнɫŮӣŮӢҲع֮ɮ¶ɫվ˻ֱ࣬Աɡ
ʵҶЩοѪ֢֮ҩʲôʧʴгϴΪ
ŮӢҲ˼˳һҽǰϰУ볤ϰдΪѯʣ״򲻵·ֻԼЩõ֢״ⷽаްɡ
СЩΪѣƶɮս֮²ǳ˿Ĳؿʧ塣
ҡףˣĿֻ֮⼸֪ǣ˽ʹ˭ҲŲˣֻˡ
СϿ޷̾˿һ䣬ӷƶɮ
ŮӢӦˣһұ㽫Ƿֽ飬Ҳֵ֮ˣʹ
áϴ˾䣬ǷŵľϣŮӢȴлҪ˵СϱҲͲٶʣɴ⡣

ⷽҲ֪δߣһ˿Цƽգŵ÷ֺŮӢնЩʲôù֮
﷭ӿǿƣһ仰˵ý˿ճԺⰾ࣬
ϧˡԳЩĿϧɫŮӢԭۿһ˵һޱȣ㲻Ҫġ밲ο䣬ȴԼԪףǻûġ
ҡͷʧ
ϰˡǽ㰾ҩ뵽ϡ
ͻ˾գ̾ţҵȷᣬҲƭҡ
ŮӢǻĺһɶʱô˵ü
һҪѣҳȥ·ȫԸڶᣬȫǷǷͲҪˣ֮񶼿϶¥յһɶ˭Ҳزˡ
ŮӢ۹һ䣬΢΢ȥӻȥ˵ʰ÷˵֣ȥɡ
ŮӢȴ˵ţʵաҷ˽㰲ҩľȥҪ˵̧ͷϵˣأȻԳô˵ɫ
ŮӢ㵽׻ʲô
ʲôûУһΣǲŶãֻ˵ҡŮӢƬʰϣµûʲôıҪʱұǼʱ뿴ǰˣ㻹᲻һҿˡ뽵ĻŮӢ졣
عǰ
ŮӢ̧۾ľ룬һϮ԰ɫӰӾԼľ룬ȴ汯ѹΪ£ѹ
ôԶʲôʱúõվء
ͬˣȴ
ŮӢڶΣ㻹ǹǰ
ԼѾûʹ࣬ǡ
֪˵ģڣԶҲ磬㡭΢΢ҡͷȥϣɣط׹ȥ
ǣԶǰķ





һپʮ ۹루£

Ƭ뿪ŮӢ̧ҪȥϵͻȻ˿ڣպף˾ɵĺ֮ѡ
ŮӢֻ˵Ŀ֮£ָסǴɴѹм˳ȥ
뵱һ˯ôõҩջפ
жҪҩϡ
˭񣬿Ǵδ̫ˡ
Ŷֻþˣ׷ţʵ˭Ҳֲá
Сϴɴת˴ɨɾϵĲ࣬ˣ
ӣ絽ҿϱΡ
СӦųȥ٣ⷽЩɻ󣬡˴£
üǳȥͣ»ʹൡĪӡ
ʾǰ˼ϻӦңԼҡ
СϲĿƣһнԿգν
ֻǵЦͨʤΪӷ뱦ʯԱȱȴѰűʯˣʹѰˣҲãԶ˿ᣬоѲǶ̶̼Կ˵ġ
СҲ㲻ٶԣʫ赽治ȴֿڣ⼸ȥ;ĺ˼˵ĳɵۣҲȫ޵

ԿطٴνӵϹϱһβױʡ
뿴ȰסˣϸϸԴѾǿֿԿطŹ
յЩɣԿطȴо㯣վԼǰ˵Щ嵭̬˵Ļ᲻
պϱʹ˼
ʥϣѵ˹ؼ֮ʱ
Կطֹ̧סĻةԣķȷƹֱʣֻǲԣ˴֮޺Ӧ£
ʱڴǰҹɫǹҹܿЩ谵ӰȴѾǼģӰˣ᲻ñʡ
ǰ취İ취ҲҪһԣϽʿʹڸܾ֮£ԱѲξ£ԭˮ˵֮£һˮɻκԿطеĽǰǰơ
һʼ֪ġĴۻøǵֵֵ˴ۣػˮӴ˳Ѫ
ֵֵöģɫɴ֮ѾԾˣ鷽ůʵЩ滨׽硣סôãµĳ跽λ·عȥȡžúЩ
Ұ֮Թصͱ֮ʹڷ֮ղ
ȥˣ鷳Ҿ˵ȥɡ
ϿľϣҹһֱľƧңȫлҹϢ䡣
ԾǷϰߣڵȡ
ܷܲЩ
𣬹Ʋɵ
ԿطŲʯ֮ĵͼ˵һǶϱĻӦ֮࣬˺˯
ձȻʥ⡣
תϷ˿
˵Ѿҹû˷ֱվҹɫҲﲻûб˵ֻһ˵ʱԼ˼
ľȻ紵ùϣ⧲ѵ˼磬֮ü̧˼ӽϣһգɽ¥
ƽ粨ʲôס
û谵ñĳ
ԼúõЪһЪ۾ϴ֦ѵľ˲䲻ڷ£޳ϵĶѪľԣƣҲʮָ黨ظǸˣ˭׼˻ˣ
ã˻Ҫ

ԿطҹĵµҪ巹Уƽ׷ȣǾӼۣҹĲۼգ뿴Żƣ룬Ҳ˲࣬ȥ̽̽ƽ׵Ķʺ󣡡
ƽ׵һۣʲôʱܸģǷȡǰЩʱɡ
ʱɬʺϲˣЩ˵Щȥҽ˵űæߡ
ƽ׻ôˣ˵ɡ
˳ӣԭȸﻹܼЩԣһжˣڶʹͷ˶ѾˣʺʼѹԼ
ɣʺȾ鲻á˳ȥ

ҽæ˰ҹҲǿ˷纮ķӣĻһʱͲˡĻԵɣҲͲҩʯεˡ
ĵµеƻҹδЪ





һپʮ ȥδʱϣ

ڶ춼ѾԿط֪ʺ󱧲巹Уҽѯʣֻ˵ʺżз纮޴󰭡ǡֵѬйɣԿط㶨Ҫǰȥ鿴ڵȵһ죬Ѳȥֻ˻ʺҩ谴ʱЩʱȥ̽
ϢƽϰΪȶȲɢ̤ϻ˯ȥҹãԺЩˡ
巹˽ͨǰʺ밲
󣬱⣬ʺ˯¼ãôö仰ʱƽȴ÷Щɣ⻰ȥ˿Ҫ˵ʺƶˡ
ֻõͷŻ˽ȥ
ŮʢУȷþɫˣü̧ǹһ⣬ƽ״ϣɫѺȹԵ̫ؾ򵥣һʱӯӯؾҪƽҪȴȿ˳ֻ΢΢ҡʾⲻء
˵Ҳǳ滰˵üãߺ䣬ƽ׵ɫʺ赣ģ檿ʺкãձܴ󰲣ʥϽæй֮£ҲǲÿչŹʺи˵˵Ҳùš˵껹Էϲܡ
һԲסصǵɫͨ졣
ƽҲ֪⣬ԼʥҲ̽㳤棬΢΢Цǲ裬ԣ˵Ҳá
ϸϸش֮еĳ裬ԶԼҪ򵥵ö࣬еĻݲйݻʺţ˵ȴԼЦ檴ˣʺþ巹бҲ֪¡
ƽ״۽ޣѬǳΪἰ˴˹ɱ쳣¡
Цǡ۹תʱһɫҲ˵ţɲͥԺ
ƽ׿Щˮѹס˸æֽһ㣬֪ǰշʺ棬˵ưˡ
ҲͲסذɣջʺӲá
˲ʺҪ׵һȴƽ׶Ҳڿ˿Щͣһʱ޷ֻ񣬡ˣȻػȥˡ
ƽʾͿͣ鲻ԸСЩʲôȥ˽ȹںͣűߣĿ米¶һǵ¯˼ʺҲϲѬ㣿Щľ֪ʺƽذһ֣ҲóһЩ
ƽҲ֪ʴº⣬ֻҲǱƵ˵Щл˰ˣſЩ˱ǡһ㲻Ѭ㣬˺ˡ
ԼܵһƣϰɫԭΪʺϲȼ̴
ƽ׵Цˣ˻֪⹬Ĺأϲı̴
ǽתϲΪ̫ϲˡ
ƽһ㶣֪˵ЩʲôȴŪЩ飬ԭ̴˲
ʲôˣ
ˡ
Щ֣ʱ򻹰ҪѿżȥҲЩʧģ֪Ϊʲô
ƽ˯ȥǿ˰ˡ





һپʮ ȥδʱУ

Ⱥأֻ˵ǹһֽش硣
ک֮òһ岻׵ľҺ¶ʹ˶ǧɽӡ
Ʒ˿ڳȥ˽ϵĸ󻼣ȻܵĿѺͽԼҲֵá
ʹٲǧ谮˸߸ҲǻӣҲһƽ˳ܹģΰ˲ϳΪЩͽӣԽԽǱƣҪڶŰա
Ϣųȥ㰴СϰʾԼ˼ţֻйȺ֮ʻֲ̿˶ˡ
˭֪ʱ˶

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ϼùһӰͷѣǳʱڰзԺЩ˱ĿѪްֻǹ˲֢ɢͫɫ
¹˲࣬ڵԿطһ𸴡
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Χۣͷβ㴫ԸȻǽϹҡ֮ڱУһʥ˾ġ
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վй֮е¥֮ϸȫȻԼ϶¥һ˲ľһģһп࣬վǳһйȫȻ˽ʹߵҲ󡣹һһľǽ֮ϸŵԳɻ
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йɣʥϴǰ飬Ȼɣɡ





һپʮ ȥδʱ£

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߳ȥ
һԣȴ϶
ƽ׷ڣϻ¶ȡ
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ûȼ̴ˡ.Ǽǲˡ

С΢˫ˡȻЩ̡ܹȻ˺Կط˺־ָокá
˺һҲҪܴľģ˭õ

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ˮѾϱս®ڽ
Ⱦ䡣
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ۿľհȻűһջƻ裬ԶԶس˵Ӱǳճյص





һپʮ ;ʼˣ£

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ܱʦȳ꣬꾩ԿطΪλС꣬ԿطԶĺϣｫҶʹʿֺ쳹ҰҲ¿õĹ⾰͹ȥˡ
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ģȴдԼĽ֡





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ٵܽӡѾڲס˿Ŀƽձɮñδ죬˸˵Щʲô
СһֽսĹ

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һƺߣδգɫӰȻڵϡ
ʯݵһ˲˼ֶ̧
ȻԿطһմҴҶȥıӰȻ󿴼Ļ档

Ӱȼ⣬΢΢ƿ֣¹˰˶ڲ¶òһؼ˿⣬в뻸
֮ѿţ۾Ǳ߻еƻɡסԼɫȹҡҷ
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¿ǰذףҲ˷Ը
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˵

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ʺް
ةմ֮ϢԷξսΪ˷ģο˿̾ʥ֪






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һϱĲɾԾʱԾ±֮Կطָ΢΢ʹȴ̾Ϣ΢ֻ㵱ǡܲǱѩ
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γ޵ס쳾ɢ
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˭üɣԷ񣬾ޣŪҼִƵЦһʢŷ磬һ顣

Կطػؽꡣ
ֻ̤Լͼҵ¹һȴ֪̤ڹѪ֮ϣŢݻ
Ĳǹ

ܱرѺһʮֱǰʥϣ
Կطһ죬ȴΪΣкˣ
Ʈ³ŭֱָԿط岻˵չ֮ǽü֮һסӼν̣㡭ô
ʥϣǽϹһӳĩӵش˸ܱ˵ǰһµʥϣǽϢĩŵ˳¹һС
壿Σ
ʥϷģд㣬ڽʹ֮йʥݡүлʥϣʥϡùвȽϹ
Կطȴɫ˿οԴǼǻȫֱʹȥԼһѺһڳ֮£ܱ죬Կطȴ˸ʹ
Ļѣյ¾
֮ԶԿطϣ̹ȻӣԹԶͬնֶȴ򡣡
ķ֮ʱԿط΢΢ֹ飬滹ǵģʵӵѧһ㲻
Ʈֹѻݻʺᣡ
ɱ֣ʿѾŭѣԿطȴǹЦ֣Ȼʣյü˵Ǵ¡˵۾У޻δºףϹ˼ɴǺΪӹѵ֮ˣѻݺһܸ˻ǡԽ˵ԼԽسȲס
ޣƮݺǰȴԵֹס
³֮У޶ŮӢУŪǼղá
³ѹ˵һ飬ǳȴǺ޶
˺⣿ƻԱԼңֻһɽٻͽЩӺã
ŮӢϣֹѻݻʺڴ˳֮ж³
ԿطЩ׳˵˼ͻЦҲǳ֮ˣֻԶѻݻʺ³
ŮӢҧǲԿط֮Χס飬ѻݻʺ꣬ɾҪѻݻʺ֮İһΣǲ£





ڶٶʮ 񵽰ͷ

һ󡭡ɡ
̾˿ӻ³վֱǼ٣ʥһŮƣ
ԿطŻϸϸ滹ᣬȴԭޢ꣬һϮ֯磬üۻȻ㵱յӣȴЩʲô
ԿطΣȴ̾ڰһ㶼֪㡭ȳ
ŮӢ񣬡಻Ը
Կطȴδ˵꣬ڹУֹܴ֮ˡ
ŮӢȴЩȻǶ˵Ϊʲô˵Ҳ֪жڣһҶȲϣΪʲôһʼûԸһһԣΪʲô˽ִҳԶܺվһԡǽȴԡ
ԿطЩʧ̬ǱԼĻ˰̣ȻģǸĺӡ
㡭ϲԿطĬΣŮӢȻ̫ڿЦȴ˳
ꡣꡭҵһοŮӢػع˵ЩҲͽͣƮ˺һȻǼãʥϼǹʶҲ֪ӣҪЮֻʵ䷴ʥϻǡɱǰɣԾ󻼣οġ˵øɾ䡣
øСѾͷԿطü㵱޲ң
ʥΪβңŮӢüǼãֻʥϿΪѻݻʺʥ򲻿ɻȥ
ԿطĬ
ŮӢٶȿڣڳһҹξǾȻδɱգʥԾĴʴ˲һ£һãʥܷŵһǰգҲðɡ
˵³ƽڵϣٽղ÷ϡ
ʥɡ

Կط֣ʿ˲ʱεǰŮӢ۾ƮⷽǴ׷ţºҵʲô壬ȴͻȻ
һ֮˺Ȼڣ͹ȥ
һ̣ǰշԸŮӢϳҪǳȥһеת伸Ǽ̵ʱ֮ڣƮȻֻ֮ǵǰȥ
ŮӢͻȻͣ¡
Կط߿ţ޲ڶΣЩߡ˳ǣԭԸȥɡ
ŮӢȴԼ˳վ￴ԿطʥΪηŹǣ
ԿطתֻҫĿȥһУɱ㡭һһҲҪޡ˵꾹ЩȻƢ
ŮӢЩ£⻰ﻰ˼ȻԲ²⣬鼱֮Ҳ˲࣬ԶԶźҪʹȥĺɱ֮ϵδ˵ĻǳơҪ
ŮӢҲȥʥһػʹ
󣡡鼱һŮӢҲֱֱԿطȥʥһػʹȥɣұҪȥٳһЩҪ
ԿطֻԼҪΣ
ŮӢסؿŻʹ򣬡δģؾоͷسξԸ޹ԷδϾξϻʹʥϣһعȥѾսܹ꣬ʥһȥܡŮӢ˵һˡеЩ
Կطǲ˵꾶Բ۸ʹٸ
ŮӢ˲Ʈһ·ϳȥʹ飬Ʈ֪⣬µҾȥԵ㲻õӣһ̰ɣζҪȥ
͵͵ʪۿҵԸһͬع





ڶٶʮһ Ǽɽϣ

ŮӢصʹ֮к󣬲ֱδȥƮں󷽣Ʈ;ʯС֮ϲһĹһۣ֮оȻӰ״һҹڹУҪ³ȥѰתײСϡ
ټһЩ˵Щʲôҹķ£ͼıʲô
˷´ңг֮Ʈʱ쳣侲ذһϵĿʧһֱڷ֮һҪС϶ǡþ֣˽°й˲ɮߡ
ǰû˶׿ȻϿǷ£ƮЩȥδ
عѸٸȥ

ŮӢֻϳᣣķӰｹֻδ׼˲ľƮҲ˵Ѱҡ

δ룬Ѿ
ˣģԸΥһ˻ۡˡһЦҲʷϣҪ¸ȥǽ֮˴֮.ػǧ飬ԼоѣذԼٲ
Կط㡭һϮ΢΢񣬲ŸǸ߸֮ϵˣȫԳʹǹƣһо֮С
㵽׻ˡ
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ƲסôۣΪټڣȴһһߵ˽죬ټ
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ԹԹ˵㶼һ˽ɣ㲻˵Ҫһѻ˽ô
նɫȻ֮ϣңң˶ϣȻΣԺо̽üһﾪصİ
º㣬ҶҪ
ЦվطΧ¸ȥ
ҪһѰ׹ǣ׹Ƕ㣡

δ˱ѰӰŮӢѾȫȻ֪ǺãⷽƿţǡþͼһλҲ·;СС˴δǰܹһס֪ںδ
ָߴ󣬡ڸУʱҪȼˣ
˵˲ӦͻȻӰһСϾȻˡһˣԹ岻һǡǰп̽δ˳ŮӢξ֮ǰѰųȥвּðɮ߾Ҫ¶ֱδȴ뾹ȻŮӢǡӦڴô





ڶٶʮ Ǽɽ£

Ʈѣϳ֮ˣ
ԹѾһαװѸ統ǱǣʱȻһ֮ʣǻ
龪磿ǡǡ
һһŮӢŮӢˣƮѸٴȥһƿԸȥѰ㣡뿪
ҲŮӢæȥ
ͬʱ¸ĿһѪӿͣͿˡٲðˡ

δпƮԹ壬ƮյˣҲµĲһ磬Ǳǡ
֪ô಻á˵ƻ֮ݽЦ𣬡ȥѰкãΪŮӢȰöһҪٻδģֻһ£Ǳյҳʱܳ˵
ƮͬЦ½֪Խһֱ˫ҽƺҲҪ
ԹȻǳ⣬ͷ㻹˵Щã
Ʈнֱ֪֮룬ƹȴԾɲʿ빬潫ϣ統һʱξ빬ȥȫ֮
ԹʱŭԿطͷˣϹ˫ħԵʧǣ֪֪ʲô£֪֪ܻ춼Ϊʲô֪֪ʱԿطŲŲɱ˹ҷѾĻùƣ޹ɱҲܴҳʿԿطأԼǧգͼıʱգ氾˽Ϲ֮ʱԿطȴڸָţԹôִԲôԼϵֻľʲô
ǸɵĺӡһʲôվҪ֮вˣֻΪôһǳӰӸԸʮĲ룡Ϊôһ꾩ȫˣƽײˣ

Ʈ俴Ъ˹ˣµƻѸδʱȼ⡣
ԶԶأԭڹĽɮڵͬڣⷽδֻѾжȥʱҲͬȼ˹£ΩԸʯ١

黤ŮӢһ·Զظо棬͵ػعȥδ졣
պĿ
Ʈ˭˺һա






ڶٶʮһ δѾϣ


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    Ƿ߳ʯ̨ϲöƮôˣ
    ǸʮһֱԼĺӡ
    Ȼ飡ôˡ
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    ŮӢǷãۼû
    
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    Կطûоһת˼ѣþȫعȥ֮ڻ졣
    ӼΣ㼸ǴӾ̤֮˶ʥϾȻֱֻ֮УȫѻȸܱȻһû⡣
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    ʱԿطóԸս֮ʱˡ
    
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    ӼΣӼΣ㲻Ҫ
    һӶû¹һͳ³ɾǧŰҵǴӴҲһҹ꣬ˮɱ̣ôԼô
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    ̫ôûҰĵĻԿطʧĴֵĿҰ֮ˡ
    ֻҪõҪġ
    ֻǲԸǶİ׹ǡ
    
    δ󷽿ЩԼĻٸҸԼҾһѻ˽ꡣ
    ӼΣջǾ仰ջǾ仰ûУ쳤ХǶķ첻ԿطۼǷҲֱӲδС
    ¶Ŀ˲˱ǶƵζԿطĴ֣ؿӰ̱ڵأսľ΢΢ڣӼΡ
    ̮£ܣ˶ȥӼΡջǾ仰ҲҪˣ겻ҪˣͳͳҪˡֻ㡭úû㻹ǲǵã˵úûš
    ͻȻתһЦø񣬡Ȼ壡ۼðܾҪڻ֮л׷£
    Թμ̾ҿԲֹڵ俴ʧǵˣûôԿط
    Ϊ˽鰭ְţ鼱֮Լȫķθ֮ԡǷĽᣬǸ˾ħ
    




ڶٶʮ δѾ£

ԿطͻȻѣȥһѷ壡ô
Թͷȥϲδ
Կطһͬٴλӱ޴δȥ̫˽ȥֻܱһСξ빬ݣⷽý˸æǰ¥ҽƮɢоŹ±ӣԿطһסһˣںδ
С˴˿Żϡδ𡭡ǡ
Կطſܱ򣡴ȥҽΣо˲в˵귭ܱ򣬡Щȥ
ʥ򲻿ڴ˵ؾһ·ʯ֮ҲȥƱȫһ¸˴ȣʱȫ±Уӳ֮٣ԹҧȻƮǾʲôɮҪʹͬ٣Ź˰ҲԾѱٲܳ˺ˡ

˽Ȼ𣡾ûƲɿơ
Թ߽ͻȻڣδȻ𣬿ȷʵСһ仰ǸǹΪһ֮ϣҿ𣬡绹ǵùоˡΪˡ
Կطٲʱȥתȥ壡ȳȥˣ

ϣϮɫӰӻ곤ױ㱻һһסǸŮ֮ʶȴ벻ڲȥδСϡϳ֮ˡ
һûлɹʵȴɾѹԼִ̫ˣ㡭ǣ
˰ԣǲǵþġҲһ£򵥵ͷǴɫ΢΢ҧþҪѪ˶õľڼδȻ֮ʱŷʵѡˡ
ݲ
οѾˡ
żԼŮӢŮûжãʱΪβȥŮӢͻȻôŮӢδ𣿡ڼ˽Ȼʱ򻹻ң˷Ƶ֮ģƻȵҹֻ˰
嵭ͫɫһ㣬ȴǿն˺¡
δ˵ǼҪδȥ˵˹ͬڣʱȰã۲ӣƼͽϺã˵꣬Ȼѹ֪أΪѣôһ羰ʹ˵ǴҲѣǾͷˣҪĥ
ôãӽŮӢϢйܳȥ֮һֱܰġ
ʵǶݵһζѣȴ֪ԽԽԸѡȤʱһգ˵ǰֿˮ̣һϮɽӽԾٴĻ棬ʱȴɱ
в̣ȻѾزͷ
ִƿȥ
޷Ƶüѿڶ
΢΢һ㶣Ϊʲô
ֻҪһ˵Ͳ֮䲻̴ʹ󱯣ֻǺܼ򵥵ȴͻȻӿ޵ĸˣΪʲôµûκˡ
֪סֻſ֡
ԽǼµԽôѰҲĴۡ

ж㣬µʯȥʱ򣬺Ȼýǰ
ֻһΣָо֡






ڶٶʮ ʱ׼ʱѣϣ

ȻһУ֮˰νȥֻľæߣǻŲ·
ߣ˽ˡ

ԿطһϮ£ݲ԰׵ôĿľҿ˵仰ܴݿ
̬򣬵˿Թ԰
ͷɢĿ
ܲ˷һظϵ£Կطܶطľûģǻ֣һ˲ȫͻȻûл˵
ھͺãھͺá
ôԼϮɫӰӷǿԼģΪʲôͬҲû˵ɫƽ˲š
һһ
ĳףǡǡǰϲһ
ĽŲôһ˲ܾͣͣһָоһҹӰ̫ʵǿͷĿѣǿŵڡ
һӣϾˣȴǰ˵ЩʲôҲ͵ŵò֪ǺõĹˣ߹ȥȴؿ˿ڡ
ԿطԼྭ˼һϲĿǣԼδΣ
ţôܾãﶼǺɢֻǰΨһ滨׵һϮ֮£ǵӰӾҪŲʱɢ
ôˡټ򵥲һ仰ȫǻθʲĬۿϾҪԶԼȻܿڡԿطƽ󣬲ʰ
˸֣ӰȻͣס
ĽϢ֪δеȻ飬֪ŮӢһпѾعˣҲ֪Ĺ֮Է٣֪ȥԼ˵ġͻȻ֣ǡ
ô˰
Ǹ˵
ԭȥôˣõ֪˵Щʲô

ĺɫĺϣ¥߸ٴ΢Ц˵ƶһĽ꣬ǳǳĹӰ棬㱼ͻȻԿطƾȥ
ʾǳɫֻһϮ滨ɫֻǹѪķʡ
룬ٿҹЦףЦ˼ɺ裬ӣʮɻ

ԱԣþõʼԼĻþһ˿ϣ΢΢תȥȴԸ̧Ŀᴹ£ɫӳյø㼫
㡭ˡڣ˵ȴתȥԾԼҪȥķҪ뿪ݷ⻰޹ؽҪ·ʱһжȻΡ
ԿطҲûʲôҪ
ԿطͻȻȥһסıۣ˼ܲסѣ̣ǽü֮˷̬أôˣıôˣ
ڿڲסҡͷǻҵ֮΢΢վſҡǿòɣԿطɿȥתȥҪδǻѾǻԭ֮ƣȼ˹в֮żֽſݾɣһȼ޿ɾȣ߼һǳǳʱ̤֮С
Կط̾һ㻹ӡǰȥˡ
ǲһˣʥϹΪӣˡﳼղܹӭˡߵúȴ˿ԥ
ӼΡ
ЦӼαһˡ
Կط֪˵һŭ˲𣬷ǰһѽأڼϣǴ֮ǵݾˣ֪֪ҵãӦʲôӦٸԼ
ϲⲻᣬ֡;ѬѾۼˣȥˣսϹڴˣ¶ڶϣұҪһģԿطְɡ





ڶٶʮ ʱ׼ʱѣУ

Ӿͺһж޿ɾꡣ
СУ˵ҪţûУԿطÿһμԼһÿ˵һ仰ǸԼѾĻȫȻⲻȻУ޿κεĸоԿطԼۼ佥սӮ˵ˡӮ£ȴһ⣬һճ֮ϼϣѵԼۡ
ҲΪǧɽˮãΪһӼΡ
ô鸡վţЩ鶼ûСĵһͷ˽˽һУֻͻȻԭԼˣüȣˡ
ԿطļסᴵߣǻɬҲҪˣòã
ЦſҰɡ
ԽԽִҪȥסҲҪˣҲҪˡ
ҪǲҪҺθɣʥϽվζŤתǰȳʵƼ޴СʹҸҲѾõǷ⡭㡭ʹ˷ְɡ
Ҵ֪ҴƵ޷ۼǻԽԽԿطֿʷ֮˲ϡ
ԿطϮӰͻȻָһɿӰȣԿطȥһƿ㻹Σһл㻹Σ
˵Ҫúûš
ţ㻹һЦʱŶɱȴڸҪɱֳҷޣһҵڻվҪúûţ˭ˣǿնɫɫȻȫһϮŲסĲҰѽڽɢҷڵһ»һһβֻȥֻԶһЩߵųͻȻײټ֮ϣȻһҶ⧲ϣȵֹסԿطعӣ㡭۾ôˣ
ڿڣȴ΢΢Ц⣬ǵüɫĹ⣬ôҿˡ
һɱ¾ƹλʱȴ²ȣ̧Ųŵɣ֮ϡ
Ϊʲôö˶˵Ŀˣ
ҵ
Կط㾡ֻΪһЦȴˡ
ҵ˵ҵôˣԿطʹ˳ȥϣӴһΣֻҪһһʱһ硣ֻҪңˡ
ǧҵ޵
³Ĭ

ݵʱ䣬һָѣԿطȴŵüҪƲסճڱòøѡ
յ󣬷˭־ݣһ֣̤ɽ̡





ڶٶʮ ʱ׼ʱѣ£

ҡͷڡ֮´Ӳڣġ
Կطһ
㲻֪ۿһһľһǣۿŶǰԿطǺݾͻȻסǽü֮ϣ˼޽ûСҲ֪Ϊʲô
˵ζҽ֮ᷢޣȴҿȥþƿվһԿطȴ÷һ˰̡
Լôӣ棬ȴ˰̡ǵʱԼʹģû˵Ӻ
Ĵ𰸾̲ꡣ

δı飬ҫĿѳܲԽѣȥҲʲôطֱԼͻȻо壬ŷ˵Ƿĸ̨֮ϣǻλĵط
һЦ롣
鲼𸸻յĻͻȻԼ
Կط㻹ǲǵãʹ㡣ϮҰִԼȥһжڽҹ״ݻ٣Կطۿһһȥȴֵ
ӼΡ
ǾҵģȻ𣬡ٽ֣
ǵҪӰأ޷Եˣʹ㡭һΣ㻹᲻϶¥㻹᲻ҡЦһʱ֮ڲסҹа嵭ּµĹơ
ԿطȻϾϵĽ˴粽֮ң
ɺﲻ֪ǿͣһ̰Īƾ޽ɽʱ׼ʱѡˮ仨ȥҲ˷֮˾أһƶ˼䡭
ʹ¥һɱһ滨׽Կط֮¾ϾȻȫѪգһֱſڱǣβ˿Լơ
ΪǾ൱ǧź
ӽԺ󣬿ģ£Ե߸

ҲãԶǵõĲʦɽͥɨ̵ɷֶΣԱҿɬ̨Ͻ۲ȥ
ʹ¶ǲסȻü
ϵָᴥˣǰ˿ɢڱҹ֮УǴϴӰֱֱضԿطķɢǳһĿͫտյ

׹ȥɸ߸֮ƣֶ顣

ʱ׼ʱѡ





ڶٶʮ ֻǵʱȻϣ

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Լָ䣬ȴǼ
һھҪᣬ˹֮ϣҲһ̲˵Ѫ⣬ʲôֱ
֮Ƿɣڷɢȡ

ԿطԸûˣôһƭԼһȨҰĵƼһµеĸ֮
ΪʲôҪҡ
ԺĿټ壿ɽϢ֮Ķľ֡
̫˽ˡ

ʮʱĬ
δ쾰ǻɵһʹһ⣬һߵĵ֮ϾȻ˶£
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ԿطյؿԼȥϵĸоƮƮؾԼʲôղסĴ뷢ʷһ
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ٶµѹȸС
Կطзִľ롣
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Ϳһӵ뻳̤µĸǽ֮Ͻתڹǽ֮ƽء
ʥϣȫأŹ˸̧ͷ

Կطϱ鲼ѪµֱҪһϾĿȥ
߿ն׹ľ޴ϸǳ״˾֢ǰһѪŻԿط֮ϣ˾˭Ȼֲ
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԰׵ӰȻ˫Ŀȴͨ͸ɫͫǳü
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ڶٶʮ ֻǵʱȻУ

ܱۼ֮ں̲ӿæʥϣѳɻ𺣣ϲ๬Ѿ޷ٽ
ԿطҪͻȻѷڵأǽü֮͵ס֪Ƣǲ˿ʾãԼվҷ㣬ٶˡ
ϵڵϳɢһأȻʱѳɻ𺣡ôƮ黹ŮӢҪ
֣ѪĴɫǵǳӰȻǳԿطҪعȥСڵϺؼ˽ţҪȴʹԿط˿ĺ˼㣬Ϊ֮ǰʧǣ岻Ϊ˾֮˴Ӹ߸֮˼˵㵽׻ΣҲŭ
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ｹ޷Կط֣γʥξٶ
ԿطңΪʲôͲ΢ŵ̬úԣôʱգӼΡ΢ع˼ҡƹ粻нգ
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ϺȻ侲Կطİľ̫ϮǳӰָ⸱Ƶı֮һĥԿطٲ﷭ֽҪʦ
̧Կطϣֹס֣ɨ泾ңһ
ԴѪȴں
Կطȥܱ򣡡Ҫȫ
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ڶٶʮ ֻǵʱȻ£

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һղΪӪ˹ⳡ̴ȴۼԿطȫʤȴδйľˣ׼˵ſϷԼ⳵һڴϨѰһУоȥδɡԿطƣϿı飬ȴǵһ˵ȫ˿ƣȻˡһ
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Ц𣬡˵
ԿطȻſȥҲ˼Ѿһз׼ȫ㡣˵˼ɡ
ϾĲͬҡҲǡֲ֪Լ˵ʲô˰Լֺδ֮Уڻ˿л
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ǽü֮˷뷢ȴԾ󾲾̾ӼΡⷽȥаһʱ᲻ȫ٣
˳ķ΢΢۾滨׽ЦǾֻϧǳ˭Ҳ
Կط˵۶ȥİ

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ŮӢξʱԿطѾ꣬ȫӪڳҰ

ݺŹδǡۣ˾绪ڻ֮СŮӢؽǼ֮ϣһ·ζε٣㡭֮һá
һͨЩʱ¹һЩɢϳ˹֮й󰲺߳˾˵ڵء
ŮӢѾݲ˿飬ǰ˿㶵ػųֻз΢չ֮¹Ӱ峿΢أɻҲɢֻǺ롭
ԣܱ̾˿ڳС˵ſ˲Ϊѣȥ

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ڶٶʮ ɽʹ

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ѵҪȼһѻô
ͻȻȻ˼


Ͼһ󣬾ЩںùЩ³ȥŮӢæһţվڹ֮á
ҷµĳ׳һҹļ壬ڵϣɫǽȣԶԶз񾪿նмȥīɫأϴ԰׾ôŶ˵Ľã֪ǿΨķԻ͹ģһվ٣ֻδѣ󹬼޵лȫ١
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ҡͷԸ˵ȴƽȻݷһȻ£𡭡ȼİɡ
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αءȳɵӡ˵˾Ȼ΢΢ǹߣŮӢСġЩ
δȥ˸Ҿܾһˡּ⣬ƷԱǰڹǰ΢΢ЦԺҲýϹĳνˣȥٰɡ
ߵףҪ𲻿
ϽһЩһʱ̵ܻ飬ް
ŲỺȥڡ





ڶʮ Ӧڣϣ

ӪأԹ屾޴󰭣ͻȻǺķΡ
Կط⣬ûҲΪ˯ȥ˼ҲϢվǱңߣ͵ȵʱ
Թһֱѣ֪ʱפؽʿһЩȾҪͨȴͻȻѹȥ
ҲԸȥȥԿطҲһֱûнֳãվͬ̾˿ΪȴʣԹȿ˿ڡ
ԿطȻ񣬽֮̽ʱɫͷȴǳ˵ģ¾ͺãǴĴ
ԹͻȻúܺЦǴԣ岢δɻУû˴ϳʮȫôڴˡ˵Կطǰ
ԿطȥȷǷԸ˹֮ʱϧһдϳԹȴһһıҪŹкֱɱǵҰӰӡ
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ôܽټǸˣ͸ѻݻʺȥ˰ټ
Թµһ˲伸Ҫŭȴǿѹ˫յýĸоκ飬ĸо
ؿźˮ˿ʼһֱǸȥ
ֻҪԼһжɣҲ֪ΪʲôһҪǸȴֻΪ˺ܿǿϵӱӡ
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Թشףҡͷ
ǴĴԿط˷꣬ò׼ƽ³˻ʹַҪΪʲô㽭ϲṥ˳Ϊν㣿
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Կطͬã統ղ㣬Ƿ񲻻˼ѣ
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ȥɡ
Կط⻰˿κοگȥȻҪġԹȴֻⲽʥϾȻԥսѾĿꡣ˵أĿǡ
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üȻƣԹرҲԼ˿Щ̫ⱾҪ֮£ֻǴ˷֮бƵԼԽͲסԿطһٶЩΣյ飬˶Ϸ
ͺֻܿüһ㡣





ڶʮһ ӦڣУ


ʵԹҲ֪ľ¡
һҹꡣ
еʱ˻ǲаױҪΪҡ⣬һֹƻĵĹϮ԰׵ӰҲˮһɫ˿ʲôҲ˫ĿɫĹ⡣
ԹݺݵҧôȻתһֱԹƫ
ƫأ岻պ󡭡ֹһǣ㶪οϱˡ
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½ǰϦԿطľ˶࣬ůζ״˹ǣԹǸʱҲȥƽ̬ȥҵǸӵĸ顣
ΪʲôҪҵòһлӻ
壬ʱ򡭡ʱΣԿطͻȻԹҡͷް
ԿطĬΣǱ㴿Щʱġ
Թ΢΢ЦΪ˷ڽϽ̸ֻֽЩ񣿽ϹҲƵֻΪӣԲòԼʵһֱڸۡ
㿴ǽü˲ԿطҪֱֱ
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ȻҲ˵˽֣Կطϣ̴ܾپ˵Ļ䡣
˵òⲻһһƳô

δǰԲѣǰȥˣǷɻҶ
ǵɫӰȴظȥִأش̮ǽʲôʱ򲻹ǺڻɫĽһ飬ݵĽδ룬ʢŷ硣
ϲ˵ȴ΢΢ִҪȥǷ֮УŮӢ̲סԼ
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ŮӢҪɡٶ·յѪ
͵͸ǽľ֮ϣɵӡǺο࡭Ҵźͽ͵ػʲôô޲





ڶʮ Ӧڣ£

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ת䣬뼽磬ʣƮҶ̫ˡսƾεѪϡеʱ򡭡۾ҺܻǾΪʲôִˡ⻰̫ΣҺ桭ǽڵͺ𣬡ֵֵãΪֵֵã
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뿴Լʾ뿴Լȫ
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ȥȡɽӽ
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Цѹжʹֹϧˡİģ֮ϰˣĲںģʱԽĲܳܡͣ»ʹൡĪӡʾǰ˼ϻӦңԼҡ

һ÷ȻǿѪ

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ڶʮ ˮϣ

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Կطüʮ֮ףϣǽһĬһ̫ãȵ˾ǶǴʱԣ롣
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ǡϮԼǰԿطȴͻȻ
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ϧԶҲܺ㿴ѩˡ˵ٴηͷȥ


ѩ䣿
Ӽҡס
⽭ǰ㾰¡

ؽӹĹļң϶ʮؽˮ
üȻԿط˲ٽ쳤ХȫɱĬˡΪʲôǶ֡
ɽһ壬Ұ̼ҹδʢƤԼһһ





ڶʮ ˮУ

Ϲػгȴ˿ͶǵȻʮ㣬ξ֮һ·ϱսлݲûмȴһζķ羰żôǳӰȻһɽӽ壬ѹ֡
ѹǧź
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ǰѹ֮˾һ
ĬȻлʥϡ
ԿطѹһɽӽҷڵѲٳƹ˿ˡʾǰ΢΢һЦɿȥٲᴥ顣
ǰǷҷµݻڣȥСԭξʱŭ֮ʱ򻹰ʲôӣǰȻЦģʤʧ̬ȫȻɥ˵˭
ŮӢþȥؼ˾ǰһȴʶ̧۶ʱȴͻؾ鲻ԣ΢΢ȥɵؾг..ʶԼʱʧ̬
ԲŮӢԺٳƹˡľҲ˳ŮӢĿȥһʱҲȻСϣһಢⷽ
ǡܹԿط֮׽سˡ
ϲ֪ƣڣŮӢ߰ɡ
Ҳ

ȥɿһ·֮ϽǰȻЦ˿룬̬ξҲ޴ſ⣬ơ
ˣӮһȴģ޳ɾ͸пԣܱҲ޷ʥϻһйѺϵǴ˵ѺܱҲ֪Կط֪۾ãͿҪԼԿǸˡ
ƫƫһ֯أһ˿һҲͣ°ڲմȾ˿ŢܱΣһߴٵɫƫƫͿˣԼֲ֪ܱǧսΪ׽ʹ鳯Ҳ׹ȴһźս֮ˣǽʱݺݵضǵǴľ
ϮǳɫӰԵվȣȴǾ˿
ܱʲôֵ˽ƼӾȻҲ˲ģʱνϽǰľ뿴ֱֱˮȥˮˮ̣ʲôÿģҲһϮѣ
֮δӦۼþҪˮжȥ





ڶʮ ˮ£

ԿطֱǴ֮ʺô˷䶯תܱ򣡡һֻһ˲Թ棬Ϯ¶վڴϡ
Ͼ㵣˲ʱ׹֣
ԿطҲ֪ڿⷽ䶯ɿȥŻڰ֮˴ǳ⣬ܱ򣡡
ʥϡĩʵһʱ졭ܱʱס
㵱ŰĻǷʱĩʵǴ⡭
ԿطֻǵԼĻϷҪ֮ʱǷɫӰӾǰȻתѭŴڶȥ˿ٶַЩ׷Ȼ֮⣬ԿطӼΡ
ﳼʥӢϱɡ
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˲Ӱζ佫޴˸ľҲɽǴΪЩˣܱȻ
ϲȥлʥϺ⡣
Կط޷֪ӣֻɺãˡ
Ҳ˵Կطڴ㻹Σȥ
Цﳼǽ֮ʿȻвʥϳ֮ʱ㵱뵽ա˵꾶˴ȥ
Կط˰γĬ˵ļǡ뵽Ĳô
ȥԼĴȥ

ڣһϮȻڵϣɽ˫ӿȥǧ

嫺죬Įԭɳ컨л
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Կطٴڽģʱͬһ
ҹ֮УңңǷ֮һΪ²ĥǲֻʴգ̷衣Թ𡣡
̣ټ֮ԿطȴȻѾںĸ۵˴˰زƫƫǾ˿һʲôҪ
Կطվڱ֮ԣ֮֮϶ɽرѺ
˺ҹԹ΢΢̽绹վǴβȥ
Ƿ͸ƻ֮Կطȴ֪ǿųѺϣİһת˴ڣһ֮ܲá
ڵһֱѡ
ŮӢ龲ţҹЩʶȴֻۼҡͷ̾״ʳ̽ȥǰġ
ŮӢ΢΢˿ھѾ棬ȴִֹתȥŮӢ޷Ը¶Ĵʱ˿ʶģֻһԵǼá
ԽҸ衣
֮磬ѣĺڰ
ŮӢһ˲ܻԼȰοǷ
ǶţǴ˰ľһΪôû壿





ڶʮ ɽ

ʵѹܱˣۡΪ˶ڿţԱ㲻òȥ
ٶ¶ڿţʹҲ֧±Ǹǣƹķɽӽһʣˡ
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ҹʣһҲķתɣûܹңҲһϵļֶѣΪʣ޼ҪִţܽԼάȥ
вʱҪ˱ԽԽ䡣ԿطǴϲΣôһ˲侹Ȼ˼Σյͷ
ͻȻһĴ
Կطĸо޲ߣް취ȻıӰް취
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֮ʱʩȻػңֱۣһʣ֮ͫ˲仺ȴһɫԳɢЩ
һֱǼɽӽ
ԿطϮӺ˵ȴֻգ΢΢ˣϰɡ
ϱǹ񣬡лʥϹȴҲ
ԿطȻǰ





ڶʮ 

ŮӢһϳ꾩ؿǷСǼΪϤ͵ͻ
װŮȻһ΢΢תȴִͷȥ
㡭ŮӢ׹ԭССŮҲϼ򵥣ˡⷽƹ֮Щԥվǵ͵͵ؿ˿ڣ󡭡ԹǡعŮӢһ޷ֱﳼ׾켴ϳ·
æǰԹҲ룬ƹǺˣ
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졣
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ɫͳֻùҪ죬ŮӢ첽ǰȥҪԹֹ֮˼ˣˣ̱ǰ˴ŮӢѺسֻۼþԭأԹ壬㡭㾴㣬ȴҰģ
Թ֮⻰ֻЦѵ㲻ǣʵ֪ȥ֮ˣ㻹ȣ
ŮӢȴǲ룬ȡֻ֪̲޾ģδһŻ
ԹЦ˼ϵȻñȥϿԸԸ⣿
һֱĿžĵײȥᣬⷽԹڣȻǽ֮⡭ﳼԡʱ˯ȥȴ鱾޹أӳ仰
ԹĿһתɨǰжȥķͻȻǼӴҪķαǫȥֱçײѾͷɡ˭˲֪ʥϴ˵껷΢΢Ц𣬾ֻܹڵϲ֪롣
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ʱҲһ˾ٱЦ˵ҲԹһ·С΢ıȴֻһܹƻʱĻĺܾòƣ֪Ϊ⡣
ŵ˷ħһж޹ȴһеԴͷ뵡ŮӢϳ
æӵ̧ۣⷽү

㵱ݺݴԼ






ڶʮ ⣨ϣ

꾩ҰԿطиϻعȥѸ谵лȥةմСӽӭڳ֮ٵ֮УⷽһгӦ
Ҫȥ˼ܱⷽ𣬡ʥϣ׷ܽʽ԰ţ
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ܱʱʥ򲻿ɣξԶһƣڵʤ޴ʽĨɱȫͣȻĲ
ԿطԶˣҲ֪ʽΪ齵ҪеģΪ֮󸿹ڳ׷Ǳѹ
һ̵ԥ˶ڿ
ܱ޿̣ʥϣҾһ಻ٽʿ磬˿ǲϹʥܽʾʤ飬ʿ֮ղð
Կطɲ˵Ƿǰʱ˿̰棬ԾҡףҪ֮ʱǳ֮ȴɣʥϣﳼּǣȫʥϷ䡣
ָ΢΢ԿطһǽڷĲҵɫĿȻأϣѾԸðָˡ裬ȴƮƮؿ˿ڣּǣ¶Ҫˣ¶ƵԼ˳⡣
ܱⷽļߣʥϣܿˡ
Կطǿѹ»ȥ˻ؾСܱ˲ϣֱֱ˵Ŵ²ãԿطʱŭ˵һΣ˻ؾУɱ⣡
һԾǰƣʥ϶ֻסܱ򣬡ܽ°ɡ˵һԣܱȻ磬ֻɣʥϴ˿ȥԿطȻñɷ֣մŭ

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ﳼҡ
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𣬡ҪٶˡۼȴԽ˵Խ޷ȴҲȲá
Կطһתһ죬Ȼ֮ٲȥ꾩ңңһȫձǰܽʽɣ





ڶʮ ⣨У

ҹĽԹڴӽƽȴ鷿ٲ
˸УŮԹξԼһշҪҲԼɡ
ҲǲףⷽҪСź򣬾ȴƺ롣ԭúõȻ;һĪǷǾ
ϧɼ˽Ѱ˾˰ΣǱ߻ʹб㴫ܽʽʥּ
Թվǳּű㽫ϲһۣǻ·Ҫ빬ȥȴ빬ʥϹ鳯֮أ빬Ҳڣة˵ʥ϶ղ·лظϢ
ôҲ벻ôɲҪˡԹŽƻĵ˼ԼɢҥȶҡԿƹλȵһֲ֪Ҫϼꡣ
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ԹԽգԿطܹõԼԼ׵ܣʱܵӰ죬ǵ׻ûִıҪ
վ㡣
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ȴ࣬ſĵζﶼɾİο
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İȴŮ֮˭
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һ仰ǳԹԣϵʲôܹһٶոˣʱ˴ѾͷȥӻȥƫƫʱһҪȻΪʲôҪ飿
ŵӣѾ˵˳ȥһѾäĿĳͷѾˡүʥϿɡο֮ʱҲ
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ڶʮ ⣨£

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ֻýЩʱԽƢãŽ䲻ʥȴҲǵߣúףԶ󲻵һδ㡣ͷȥĬĬ˾䣬ү˷...Ҳǲһˡ
ϣϣħŷݣػϵС裬Ҫߵʲô·ӵʲôġ
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үү֪ˣҪȥ׵ش׻ǲģ˲ǲɢڰȴΪ򵥵һԾҪ۵״ᣬү˾ɡٲ˵ˡ
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ǽˣˣ֪ʣֻܴˡ
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ŮӢҲɵˣѾͷúܣ˷ȥҪ˼㱻Ϲ֮£ͻۼܹҪҳԴͷ
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ףʥϽġ
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ȻɱˣػҲá֮ǲԿطԸ߷߰ܿؾ漴ֹ鷿
ôںǴӴ˺ǣҿ㻹Ρ





ڶʮһ 

ڳµУԿط֣ʺ
źڱʹʥϡڰʺҩʯЧȥʱʹ֮࣬Ҳǡˡ
ոջصбجļţʱƽ׻巹Լ˵йģһбҪú˵ôͻȻ
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Կطȥһþ·ţӦģҪƽװ񡭡
ʵ̫ͻȻԿطһʱҲ֪β׵ʤƽȴҲչţвȥ巹̶
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ĹľȻʼӼִŵġʵ̫ڶݣסĶסһƾͿΪһȵġ
ΪΪǣȴ֪ӴģԸ֮ʱԿطԼ

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ˣ⹬ˡȻһֱ˼סôĵط
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ֻǸʱΪװͻ˼иõһСǻһжάԭ״ӣ㻹Ȩ飬ֻǸո¶ͷǵ佫һձҪսɳΣĺá






ڶʮ ʾмϣ

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ȴ֪ȥƽ֪ʱһֱ˵ȵҪЩοȴҲûԸȥˡ
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꾩һͬžݶȥ·Ϻؼ˳﹬˻ǰ٣뽭ϹǨѬ͹ݡ
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ԹŶ룬ӰԹ˷ٽиΣҶԣǹʲô仯ȴôҲʲ





ڶʮ ʾмУ

˿ڣôһ˱ƣ巽Ҳǲ׼
Կطִڣɫȴ塭Ҳ޷տ֪̾˵𣬡򲻿й¶ȥʺ󡭡
ԹֻûѪһ˽ţл˵ɣܲйܡ
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ϸϲʱա
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Թ弸ǿƲסֽǾƱڵϣž֮Կطʱƶ֣ǿҲֱԹϣǣ
ȴ𵴣Ҳ֪Թʧ̬̫֡Կط֮Ŀӥֱֱңôˣ
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£ƽ״¿࣬Ȼ֮УȻģֺαǿѣ
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ϡ
壡
ԹȴǺЦվ޹˼ɱҪſڣԿطǳźͳͳ£̶Ҳ㰵Ц뿪





ڶʮ ʾм£

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Կط
ĵ׺ݺݵػԿط

Կطȥ̾˿Ծǵ˾塭Ϊ㻹Ǹɵӣô࡭Ҵˡ㻹ʲôҪ˵ģ˵
ǱۼҡףȻҲǰ޻
Կط˾ļվǰϻоˣô󶯸λԼ
Թ̧ͷȻǻָ糣ȴҲǲȥǰˡ罵ɣ˱ǡ
Ƣ̾˿ǾƵݹȴˣҪջԹѾн˹ȥϣֻЩ̫á
ǣʵһֱϹڻ
ԹЦע񣬱סԼĹպ󡭡Ȼɲסֻҡҡͷ
ԿطžףҲһֱΪǴǰųӣȴˣ治һ





ڶʮ 

ԹҲȥϣ£Կط˵ţЩҴˣ˵㣬Ҳǲ֮϶㣬Ļһֱڵ֮£ҲĴѰ㡭ֵ֮䣬Ҫ˸˼ˡ
ܵӹѵ޷ֻ뿴˻᲻ʳ˼̻Աȥϵرȴ֪Զÿ͸ö࣬ʵʲôסִֹҪġԿطЦ滺üǣ㲻֪ʱִûа취˭û취ҲϹʱգҲ֪
Կطͬ˵˵ʧѵãѾܾò㰲ĵ¶ʲôܾöοӣ¥֮ϣҲþģһֱѵ֪±Ѿǡˡûа취ͺƳƵʱȻҪ
Թһֱһ˵Ҵķ羰ҾһֱŷһУ籾ȨΪΨһڲһˡҺ롭ȥѩǧ˵ܿЦѩϷǣǴôѵõ
Թͻؿ˿ڣһ󣬡ˡ
ԿطȻǡԻҴˡһôܼЩȨıѩʱܲá
㱾ǽ̫ãϴûӦ߹˫ҲֻǸˣΪʲô˶Ҫɱǡ
ԿطҲԣǰɡһƮ㣬ԲԴַ飬˵ҲΪʱ粻ܷ֡
ҪΣ²׳ת䣬ȫΪԼǧ﹦ҵ谭οûƽ׵⡣
ƽұֻǡҴȫ⣬Ҳǿѱתġ
Թƣħϡˮ˷ǳ
˶ҹȫȻ֪˵ЩʲôԹϵľͻȻƽ״֮ʱԼµһֻľΣȥˣľҲסԼ⡣
ԭ˼ɵġԿط˸һҲĴԹһѷȱʧ̫࣬ܶоǷе̸ǳˣŮӳƵķڲȻʲôûС
һжա
Ѿ̫ˣײͽʳʶƶ񤣬ļ̫¡
ԹζľӴһ硭ҲһĺˡɵˡָԿطҲˡ
Կطͬӣҡͷٶˣ㱾͸ˡ
ʹΪһȻĿĲȴҲǸģԹȥҪңٲЩʲôҾĲ֪Լ˭ˡ

Գ˵ȥ̶ⷽϡ





ڶʮ ҷϣ

ǳҹδ߼չ⣬֮йǽ߸ǻ谵ƶӡ
ʺʱţ巹ͩľ֮ǵͺ
̶ȴǴ⣬ⷽ类ֻǱ߻еЩƻҲ˼ƽյţǻ³ԴսЩŽ߻үΣʥϷִ࣬ʤ̻һʱϸϸ˼үˡ
ʱһϣл˵
һ˵ֻةԣʥʺȷڲСⲡ֢ȴҲʺʵǲš
Թ弸̶ѹ˵ȴԹܲˣ֪ʲôʺζ
үϢŭ¡
˵
ʺҹ巹СةΨֱ²ڣ䣬òѹ
Թ۵¹֮¾ȻȫȻڶȫ𾪣Ǳ̶֪Ǹڴ֮ϺԻڡϴӴ壡һ֦ҲԷʱ岻̶ıĵЦȴһδ򲻿Ϊ˵ūðʵ鰡
˭˭ҪǹƷūžȻĥĥΪѣ֪һУԹ弸Ҫнҡ
֪Ǳ߹½ˣ˵ȥԹһҲЩ֣ôжӣԿطԾǧԷ󹬻ҹǣŮɫһӣ⻰ŶƯǰϵἰΪ˳̣Թ˻бģ˲֪֪⻰˵˭ġ
ЩӾͶ˽Ǳ˭ס
ˡ
Թʱ̲סЦҲǾøʢǵĻˡⷥһٶã˽ˣڷǾáǲĶʢ֮˹ڻŹֱֱشű˼ģ
үſɻ巹ǰѯʣʺǰֻлǰ̫̽ɺϣ
Թ˲߾Ҫ̶ִ巹Ϊܹܣײ̶ĻֲүЩ˱㼴̳ɣⷽҪ˿ˡ
ԹҲȥֻʣ¼λŻʺľղóȥʱ̶ʳȫȻ졣ؼ˽˶һ̶æ룬˻񣡡
Թգֻһ£ʺһҹǵ׿ʲô
ǹڵϵʱ㶼һүū澡ūʲôҲ
̶ֱӣŭҪһعģǵ˵޷һա
û׼˵Թ䵭Ƴһ̶ۣȥȻΪıȻֺǱƵ£Ҳɲ¡
ǡΪɲة˲׼˵ֻǡһȴǻ˵̽ʺ飬Ҳδöãǡߺ󲻶ʱʺ㡭ˡ߼˶϶˵ţ۾͵͵̶
ĿȴǴһԣ̾





ڶʮ ҷУ

ԹתգةȷʵҲǣ̶ۼìͷѡĿ꣬ǰȥҲֲة࣬ةһĻԻʺ󡭡롭Ϊʲô⻨ôӣ
ò䲻ԿطһǶַâü䣬Ǵʱ˿͸ĺݾȴʥǰãʥһֱŷԵǿôԹ㲻ǣ̶֪磬ԿطмֶΣԸ⡣
̸˭˭䣬ԿطҲǶĽɽ̶ճıȻͶͬӡ
ֻλҲԥģ֮ǣƵ̶ֻ֪֪Կطѹˡ
ūôū˼µˣȻҪͶҸԼмֵˡ
˸ոսٳ۰̶ⷽû˵꣬ǵϹŵĹʲô飬Ӧţ졭ʺ巹ʥ̽Ҳ̽һպò˺ȻҲȥ˻Ҳٹˡ
˵Թ̧ͷһ޵Ȼ֪һֱӡͰƽ׹ʲôֱ
ƽסƽסֱЩ塣Թ岻̶Ҫȥ޵ڿһľˣ˼Ȼȥˣ͵ûЩۿ˵
ʲôѸˣ˵ʲôˡ
ո꾩ʱԹҲǲ£˴ԣյķֻ˵Ļ࿪⡣
ǰ꾩⣬ִѰԿطʱƵĴС㣬ǽȫȻܶ࿴õģʱգһһҪȵִֿ죬ȴһ֮С
˵ʺأĹľľ
Թ建ȥ̶Ψٵ˿үȥɡȴǾЩŭ̶űãֻһСͻȥˡ
ҲǲҶԣǡ

ҹǧء
Թȥ෱ٵΣྲľ֮ǰһ̣ƽסҲֻһ̵İˡ
һԼǸڷʮĽֻͨЩı£ʹӣʦһֱΪʽΪͽƽסСʱҲ߲ܶ๦ԶЩװģĵҪڣҲȥ𣬿ʦҲϡʱұ֪Ϊʲô顭Ҷ˳ұ롭ҪȥЩ㲻Ҫҡ
ûƭԿطµҳֲ˭ƭ˭ƽףҴЩҹĳıֻзԼΨһܹյˡԹȥڴĬ֮˫ֺʮ̫֮æʹع˽ӣҲȥᣬǲǵʱáձһˡ
֮Ŀ⣬ǣ
ſһֻò˵ľΡ
ƽ׷˿ȥ˳󣬴Щ۵ĲŮӵãԹ̾Ϣνϣƽ׿ԸͬУ֪޿ѯʣ˵һȴ档
ڹ˲ڣƣԭʲô¡
ԿطĴ
Թȼƽף˵ģҺһӮ˱ȥ㣬ˡ
Թٷһ׵֮վ˳ȥ
ȥյһã׳ƣͷ֮С
ˣһزס





ڶʮ ҷ£

һ·ȥ´̶㵹֪
̶֪ɱ˼಻ˣүһ¡û
ʲô
үǲūŲ⹬ˣܸǿģһ·Żʺˣ˱˵ָʹ
ںδ
ү𼱣˿ѾڹУة൱Ϊ󻼲òɱū֪ʺ֮Ҫһͳȥ
ԹҲ֪˵ѣԿطǷκ֮Ҫȥɫ˶ʱ⻹Ҫ£ֻǿѹһУ̶
ūڡ
֮¡
үģū˶ġ׺䶥ү֡
ãܽʽԵѰ㣬ΨһڣҪ
ǡ

޼ʣɽ
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ͷҲ̫ҲǲƹǸڴ½ݱսʤ
ķҰξӮýһʿ硣
꾩ʳн˳ʽҲ׷ʽΪʹţŶϿţֺ룬֮ⷽǰͣϻԭγȴҲֻϮذѡ
ʱڣʹǽ϶ܲãο꾩
Ȱ⣬ϰ캮ضȴǵЦȥΪ֮㵱һΧһȥ˳ݣҲиӡҲϵá
ŮӢȻصһоѹ˵
Ϊ˭㣿근
ԭ˳ȥ󻽾ֹŮӢ˵һ֮㶨ڣӦˡ˵꾹ȻҲЦ뿪Ƿ֮أҲͽܿࡣ
ŮӢȴҡףҷǴ⣬ֻǡҧ˴ȥҲ֪˵Щʲôȥ̫˶ѡ
ѣɫаĿǳϰߺ󷴵ǸһǳͨͫرΨһʲôʣˣϼҪɢǳ꾩ĳȥ
ķ֮徲һƬ˻ꡣ

ңңһŶȥϾ֮ƶĿȴ
˶ڿΨ
ͻȻ̨ʱüԿطԼȴȫȻת˹ֻøߴй˲Ѹ´̴ʤ׿֮ˣǰľ޴Ӱбŵɡ
ֻϰԵԼǵ˰̣һ·ͽУ˾Ǵס
ΪʲôҺ㡭ԶҪĵòһȴǲ޷ԡ





ڶʮ Ϊ

ǱԨצ
ⷽ¹һԿطվ֮ϱվ˷ۣ֮ңңؿʿǺ죬𶯳־òɢյһѾ̫̫ãڿɳಫҪõһС
վⷽɽӵĶ㸩
հʢ۸裬ǧİȥзƣԿطü΢Ȼʡ
յգһĨ֮Ĳ԰ס
һĨľһֻһĨףߵü
ңңϡ
Ǧʯ
ǧŵƻ𣬾İͳͳӰӡҲһ¶ôܼʹࡣ
һʢϵĹǴɵġ

ȴ佭֣ʱٴбţ¥С
Կطؿǰ֮бХȻ֮ɫȻֱ˴Ȼ䣬ºȴǲ
ƣʥ֮İ
λԪسҲǻԣȴȵҪͣԿطؾܲãŭ
ܱξ֮׿ʽݱϣ̲ĺ¶֮Ŀе
ʱּ죬ּҵ˼ʱ̣ȴֻ°ྲ
ɫ
ݷṴһع⡣
Ǵ棬Ҳһ֡
ôȻƮƮһɫ£ϹƣߵĽȴǲñůֺ֪ⱱıǡʱһƿСС߹ǶͲá
¥ޡʶɸꡭ.֮˺ݺݵƣʶɸꡭ
ԶǻƮ֮΢΢һЦ㾡µҹԶǱ¾̴뵵
Ϸǣˮɱ̡
ԶǣΪʲôʱҲǡ
ҡԿطɥ޷ƣҡô
ұ⡭ˡ

Īƾ޽ɽʱ׼ʱѡˮ仨ȥҲƵȥ룬޹ǣȴֻδʱǵͬܣǳǳ־Ĳס
ٵѪ˲ܸ

ܱ¶ݱ꣬ϹݶԿ嵽һˡİ󸿣ȴҲδʲô顣
ҪʩҲԳɷȻϲޱʡ
ǽϵϰȻ֮˿ʧȥ˾˵ϺãֻϽϡˮ죬ߡ£˪ѩδĪ磬ϳ
嵭̧һֵķ绪쾲Ĭ
ֻ̬һ̧Ҫʩݡ
һ˲䣬ѩ
ȥչ⣬ɵ˷ͶеȻҲǻƽ̨ϵˡ
εΣʲô
ϻ£ķκ̬Ҳһ輫£ߵ֮ǣһһߵݡ
ﳼϡ
֮˵ЩʲôԿطȫȻȥ

£˪ѩ
һռš
µѩΪ





ڶʮ ֻ·Զϣ

͡޲ɰƻ佭ϴ
ͥйͣˡ
˺βӦ
ֻ֪֣·Զ
һĴļ˫֮
һã˽µķǿ޼ɵһ΢΢ȥȡЩЦ񣬡һζ
ܹƻָ⣬Ậ˿ȥҡ׶ԣɬ
һ˵ĽΡ

ʱգ캮ضɣȴһҹƮҡȥЩһʶ಻ƶƶնԿط˼ӿӼΡִƵЦ̳ȴϣ컹ң¡ϮӰںһҲٳڡ
վڷѩ֮УԼôõһУԭԭҪС
ǡıҡ
ɬ
ֹֻǿɬд

ʥתɫһɢѩǲӼȴݲһ̵ԥȥİʦȥ
ʱȼһͻȻķѩɢȻħȣؼƳĿ֮Уٴξˮ
ԿطŵⷽزɢҲô˵
۵ܣŻԿطһһ˳
ľȻԿط
óͷβ

ܱʵϽҪ轵ĹٷۣԿطӹ֮άϵӴʥϣɡ
Ϲѩ֮ϲ΢΢µ۽䦿徻Ӱ
ǳǳӰľ
ڣԿطȴֻǰϲʱۣһȫȻЩֽϵīգȥ治һǷϸ衣

ƣҡףﳼҡոճ˿ȥŭķȴʲôûСʱȻ
ȴоʪҺ䣬ƾմ߹Ǳֱ׹ϣһŵȥ˭ᡣ
ΪһΪ˭ᣬȻصӡ
ϴûһԿطҲˡףǿյɫǰ֮˲ӡ
ˡ
ǹִرӣüЦ̬Ӿ֮
ʵǲģŸĹҵʧ

ѩ˶ã
֪Կطּ佩֣˿ȥһжĻϯصģҲֻǾڣɺãǴ˿С
⻰ֵͷȥ˾ȻܱһԹ۱Ҳֻ̾˺ԶԶȫ֪˷ιʣǺ졣
ҵһУؿڣҪһ㡣
ʱкáҽ϶ɥУǧɽҹ궼һˡʱˡ
ʲôءԿطǲ԰ɫӰؿǻһյ˼ϷθȫȻûڣ֮Ҳٲñݡ
ûʲô˱ģΪΪˣûʲôصˡ
Կطۼܲˣչ͵Ĺ΢΢ϣô䡭ΪʲôഩЩȲýˡ





ڶʮһ ֻ·ԶУ

ֻ֫ٺѪͶʯһ㣬һֱѩһֱľ˺֪ĵزظоڼȴҲܲãȻﳼߵлʥϡ
Ϯҡҡ׹Ĳ԰ɫ˰ѩһʱԿطȥٹ˲ķûڿ˰㾳Ҫȥȴ뿰һ˺˾룬ֺǽǡô
˽ǰʥﳼôַ̧ϱ䣬˽¹ǽ֮£ֱֱڵϣﳼּ
Կطط֡
зѩɫྻ

һ˿һʾһ˿һϣԿطתУʤ£Ϲˡǰͷϡһ٣ͷΥ͹ݡ
㡭
ϴʱ˿˵޷ðһΥ
΢΢Цʣƽߵлл¡
ƽԿطȥԼȥóͷβ㳯֮ڻվڷѩ֮С
ЩʱǷϱѾǵķѩѽֻɫд

ˮ׸Ŷɽ֮д󹦣ش˰Ϊʷ
糺ĹٷˮתȴҲͣ˶ǱͬʱȴͻȻЦˡ
ˮսǷٷתȥȴؿǵӰЩ۹ⶼϡ
ֻǴЦһߣֻ˵ɫ
ˮͻȻɥ
ԭΪἤ֡Ǻûʲôͬʣ񶼲ֺܴ
˵ݡˮ̸湦һԶֹλ
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ɫ۾û˿ؾɥһбñʤߵķˮޱȡ
ӻֵֵá

þҪתȥһԽؽһ˴ʥǰ̧ⷽϣʥϣҾʿԡѪɱ˵ФС޳֮ͽȴвսӱӻ֮١ξ֮˰ŸŮһ£ⷽͱˣΪ֮ȴˡ˵ս֮ˡ
ͻȻŮӵүū澲ˡү
Կطü֣ԣ˵ȽݱӱЩ˽ʿءֻɨһ۱ҲȥᣬʱεҪЩ޵󱲣ҲȷʵˡãҲּȴǵϵŮһסү
˽ԹὭϹ֮ˣ㵱֪
ûС
Ϻֹ˽Ų
ŮӢҲһæعͷȥֹסһϻҺ˻ԼȴȻ󡭡㲻ҪٺˡȷûйὭϰү





ڶʮ ֻ·Զ£

΢΢Ц˾յӣ֣ͬʲôҪ˵Ҳ˵꣬һЩˡᵧǰѩһرþɪɪޱȣĻ̧ԹֱӣҲͻŵؽ
Իع߻һﲻֱֱǰźؾúЦΥѱɻСѾͷ
˿ȥȴֻ΢΢ӣһǵĻ
һ㶣үձˡǻˡ
ȴЦüÿ˵Ҫ
Ȼʱ鼱֮µһﾹȻǵãʱգҲǸ޹ؽҪˣǿϹ̽̽
ʽʲô
֪Ͽ̧ۿһĽü׼Թ֪˶Ҫȥ̽ʱ˿̺ؿ˿ڣΥȻѾͷʥ϶ˡΥȻҲүӣһȥȫ⡣
̷ִȥݺ˾һۡ

ȴ˿Щ飬Լȥɣǵ˵ģҪҲתȥŮӢִվ𣬾һ˫ȫϱӰ֮ϣ˭Ҳ˭ֻҪѡ
仰
ȴǺȻԸ̷ˡ
ŮӢ̾ٸкãʱȲõˣһҲǽ֮ỹȥĺá
ȴִⲻϣŮӢϣκҲûЩӦӦѾͷףɣЩҪԭΪ޻ᣬµҲá
󣬡°ɡ
ʽ֮оγƣҪȥѬšŮӢסǺʵϸȴǲ⣬ϵã߰ɡһ£ǲҲ͹ȥ

һгȥ
һ
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ǡһ·νȴûһҪɱ˵ʩᣬĲҲûˣҲȥ˵ˣôˡ
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΢΢üһһʲôáһҲǽϣһҲزȥˡ
˱ֻ˵ϣ˳ĬȴҲ޷˹ȥײȻʳǹģֻǻľȴҲ򲻼¶䣬Щ꾩Ҳ£Щ÷㣬÷ѩϧ˾ȴ
ŮӢʱ밲οϲûЩźɫƽѹ׵֮ϻ޵ȥЪϢҶȥɣһЪЪ
֪̫һеһжǳĳǿҲ㲻ٶȰ






ڶʮ ҹҹ˯

һ˵ġѬڵ͹ݡ
ȻǾ׼ȴǿЦԿطķ񿴲
ѭЩ齱ߡ
ˣֹסԼĲ΢΢˶Ǳһ֮¾Ȼٿزסμı˹ȥôҲůãûа취رԼ˴ɴ
˵ģȲýϣȻһԼе߹Ҳʱ򡭡˵ĿԶԼҪȵöࡣ
ȡһůն˸ıԨ
¼žϸϸֺЩŲرĿϿ˯ȥȴһƽ֮ʱĵ׵ţ̫䣬ѡ
Ҳǰ˯ãֻܻͲõĸ䡣

Щ춯ƺˣ΢΢ȥֻŮӢԾɲģԸ˿ȴǿһʵܲãڸסĿʣ̾Ϣÿڡ
ʲôϣůůشУϲԾǷ῿ȥȥϮá
ʵǡ̫˰
Ҳû˱ˣһ£ͰĵǺøϣ޵شΪο滺ֽţԭһʱ΢΢ſīɫĳڲ֮ϣǳӰѵõԳ˳һ棬Ƕϱʹ˯ȥ
Ҳȥ˭ԼҲܸóȥˣȴ봲֮˶ҲˣǣҪ˵ЩʲôȴͻȻһʱֱӡ
ȻΪʲô˵
˲ʱͻػعƱҪȴر˴Ӻιסϻϣ̾˿
ͬ̾ϢĿ˿ڣ䣬ѵáҲ֪䡭֪ů͡𶯣ůůӾͺˡ
ֱĿԿطֱտ˿Ǵݼ䶼Ǻ֡
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ڶʮ ɽңϣ

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ڶʮ ɽң£

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ࡣ
˵ֻǺ롭ȥһΡ





ڶʮ δϣ

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ּ䲻ţ˳͸֮ɢֱʯ˿˿ٶڰ֮ǽסһѣǱ㡭Ҫˡ

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׹ޱԽ߻Σнƶ涡

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˸һǳǳЦ𣬾Ǻسȥס˵ƵԿطԹһ˿Цȥ֮䴹ɴȻ¸ǽȾ⣬ƫԷҼǵã϶¥̨ϵĽۡҶǵáƽѵľӰֱ۴ǽü֮ϡ
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˾ʹЩããһ΢΢ȴһҪȷЩʲôʵǲǡ㲻ֻ˹ǲǣ
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ɽҶ
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Ǳ㲻ˡΪӼΡ.





ڶٰʮ δУ

ԿطеĻäģǲٳɣǷߵѲɢ˹ӰȾīɫӰ֮С
ĴʺɫĹ˷Ųȥҩɬ֮µһԿطȻ־壬˱Ŀѹ»ס壬ݾˣһץһİ֮¡ħ
ֶǲǡԿطӲ֪ԼҲ㾪壬ǰĸִӼεײħҪԼģ롭ӼΣӼΣ˵ͺطҧ֮֮ٲȻǰȥ˵İɫЩüתȥֱһѹס˵ʲôӦʲô㲻ǲǣ

ӹѪк¶裬ڽڲţߴ繴ǡ
ңңֲɢ˿
ܴƣӯӯζ

ҡľбסּȻľοزסᣬҲӦġ
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Ӽʹ˷Ц֮Ŀסֻʣò԰ѶµͻȻǱ˺ɫۣǼѣʲôֵշת˺һǻӾ硣
ЦԿطߣ᲻ã
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÷Լʱ˱ѾǿѪöˣò׻˿ԥغҩȥѪȡ
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ҲӦҧڱǳǳԿطָѰǵ˵˰̣ˮ㣬ҵЩľǡ
㣡ӼαǺգƾʲôҾ˭Կط֮ﻹҪ㱨ӵġҵ񡭡ǽˡǷŤӣԿطⲻȥٺЩ˿ͣīɫĳʪ⣬⻰ǽüȻȴִزţǡҵˡ





ڶٰʮһ δ£

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ԿطߵĻʱûںȫʣ±ԵشϢ
Ϧٳ֮ʱĺϣʯ쾪˪кؽϿɺá
Ӽκڰ֮ȴǺؽסӣҡף
㲻뽭ϣ
ƾʱԷˮ硭زȥˣ㱱һӼĿϹһɢεսԿطҸ̫࡭زȥˡ
ԿطĹѪȥĳܲȴǺݺݵȥǣѾ̫࣬һսʹ֮Ӽһ˵ɣ嵭־ƾյ˳ԿطʮӼΡӴйеķ羰续˽һˮ֮ϣǶǿ˼ܳסĳŵһ·꾩
Կط޺쳣޷ԿأҲ޷ܷ֡
ƿէˮţͻǹ
ղĻһѲ

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׶ӣǸһһƬڰǵָһ˲֮ĸоԿطֻĿֻʱصǻ̴ǡ
֮ԶɢβϿһҹ»ء
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Կط΢΢ЦɴȥáϦʱһؽϿ
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Ƿҩʱ̴֮ȴǺ£Կطʩԡ
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ڶٰʮ ʶϣ

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ӼΣ
΢΢һ̾Ϣﷱ飬һʱҲǲԸѹ
ҩ밴ʱɺãȥıۣӼȥֺƱڹӰһֱۣԿطȡһԵİ׽Ϊס۾һ֮ͫɫǴã۾žͫɫǰЩö࣬վܺˡ˵֣ǽζ壿
΢΢֧ϰֻҡס
ԿطҲ֪¼ãްܻõġҲ֪Ƕ˭ȰοЩ̾ϢԾǽǳϵã¾úЩˣ֪㲡֢һͷĿѣΨӼξòá
˾ף͵ѹǻ֮Щᣬֹҩֻ֮ȿ˿ڣ衭
þ֮㼴̷ҩȥȲԼҲЦôļӡ
Ӽβȥһ˴֮䣬ɺɫɫԿطһʱѹ֪Լֱ룬Σٺķˡ
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ڶٰʮ ʶУ

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ԿطЦˣοƵطſȥЩ̻㼵ʡȴû̻ܽʶðԴӼΡֻ
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ӼοϸΣǴԹ۵Ȼ̫֮ľǲ顣

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ڶٰʮ ʶ£

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˵ˡǾҪ߸һֱŵĵܵһֱٰշתʱҲΪԹŸԸܺ뼽ƣʱǡػһֱŵ顣
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˱վǻ֮ǰվ˿лܹδųȥ
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ڶٰʮ ϣУ

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ꡣ̶ʾСЩ˿ǱָԼ⻰˵á֪˼ܳнߵ˹ϧǼϻֶͨΣǹ⿿ò˵ӹۣ֮֬²ˣʺʺ岻źزˣ񴦾ң˼Ӻ
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ӯӯһЦǲʩ֬жȥλӣҲһ⶯ˣܹΪ...˭ܾһе·ΣȡĽȥ˶ĿûܹҲ
̶Ҳһ㶣͹˼⻨˵˼ֻûҲ̹ף˴ˣʴҲǱ˴˶ԣԣūųҪ飬ūܲ⻭ء
͵͵֪·һ˺Ҫѡǰаһ·
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̶ؿʵҲǹļԹ̾źҲ˫ŮӡֻЩǡԽԽ˷Ųð
ԳһЦŮӺ̸壿οҲҼǵáζ뷨ӻšƣòѹ
ҲգվǸŮӡ
̶̴Զžܾγһҵ̴Υһ㲻ʧʢȻħһΪۣĵҲ⽵ı¡
ҡҡͷǿµˡ





ڶٰʮ ϣ£

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ǻãλӡ̶һͷۣԸ֪ʺ˱˺־ݣԶû꣬һ
ԷˡЦǧൣЩӰɡ˶þܺǾǰԵˡ

Ǹȥǰź̶첽ȥտΣӡ
µнӽ೯λҪܻ¸֮£ԿطһǼگڣ´ȥ˲顣
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ңңغԺɮȷڶϳݡ
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ʱգѾȥˡ
źطҩȥĿΣɬҩĿϸǷִֽӹˮ˴ݣˡ






ڶپʮ ̵ϣ

ԿطʱѾҹӰӳһҰ׷ᦣ˼ǲɢ˺ԺľʦȴҲԵø
ʺɥٹڰүΪɩʹԾءʥ˽ԿطԿ֪Ϊƽ׳ȵ䣬һʱҲ˵ЩʲôֻǸڿ
𲻵ȥԿطԹ˵Щʲô̾
ҽȴҲģʳ¼ɷһ
ԿطŹ飬˶Ҳղ跹˼ƽʱЩˣżЩ˲żЩ嵭ʳƣԾǳԲ߻ȣʥϣүηⷽθ˵գЩӽžβˡ
ԿطҲǽȥԹ壬ɫаֻǶʹ˺⣬ȡʪһһøɾԾʹ̣
ԹҲֻףּյƫҲſ˴Сȥ̵ܣ亹ֱð
Щֹ˽ĽۣⷽεˣʥϿɣλҽ̴ȥһҩһʱԾţ־ѹЩ䷴ܺãԹ嶯˶ֳЩԿطһæȥʡ𶯡
ԹҡͷʾԼҪϺЩԿط㹪ѹЩòô͡
ҽææƳ˵ѹѪֻǻһʱ֮ʹԿط͵ػʾȥ뷨
ηǳԿطĵ֮һһ壬ʥϣθΪˮ֮֮֮ԴθԲΪʧܼͣá֮ҩ븹θ䣬ǹá
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ԿطæͷȥʥϣĩΨհѬȾ֮ʥǡ
˵֪أ
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Խڻϥ·ֹˣԿطӰԹ壬һ̱ˡǴ˺Ȱǹʱļ䣬ʱԹܸǿ޿غֲԣյȴǷ̣˴ĻĿ⣬վǿ˿ڣ硭¡ȥʾԿطԿʼ
ȴǽü֮Ҳؽȫϣȫںһŵò֪οڵ¹Ȱ裬ȼİݴսԼѨѬȾ֮ƤҲ˲ȷ¶Ȳ˼֮վǷģ£壬Թ˵ġֹ̽ȥϥ£հۡ
ԹȻԼȼ˵İţʱ۹һվڲ֪˵ЩʲôǺá
飬ֻϧԴˣܲȴһ˲֮˲޷޻
΢΢֮˻θ鴤ʹαķȴҲܰһʱɢ˵üĿҲ͸滺ɺЩˣ





ڶپʮһ ̵У

ЩˡҲֻӦš
һԣʥ˵ǹ֮飬˶̾˵Ȩ֮ףյüˣպǵﲻá
æҿȥȥҩ
ԿطЩǳһǵգҲˣǴδȫ
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˵⻰ԾŵġҲ֪Թȫתӣһʱת˵ģǲñЩȥΡ
ˣⲡ֢ÿ죬ЪЪܹȥ
Ե嵭ܵ
Ӱ֮е˱شЦҲ֪ʮأ嵭֮Ե˳ڡ
Կطּһ٣μЩˣҲϨǰƿҲǵˣǰհ棬ıۣ޿ֵغüնе֡
һֵԹһ㶣ʶսڣ°ˡ
һ䣬Ҳ֪»ûºۼ˵ȻȻֹ̽ļͷԼɻǵãǲǻδã
Թ屻˻޷Կطȫһ̽ʵģǵ浲ȥɾ̫αһʱ벻İ취ֻ̧ӦţǻаɡôЩ粻˵Ҳˣʱٿ˵Ӳ˼ƱҪ
Կطۼ˹Ц𣬡ɵӵģúЪžˣôĻкۼ˵ֹһѹָ⡣
Թ³س˿Կط˿ΪϥȡϸϸؿɫǵҩҪʱθĲ֢ȷҲһձɳ׺˵ģҪ෽עС
ǣǡ
ԿطЦôټ䲻ƶʱεҲһ
Թֻֽ۸ȥڣ˾֮޾ϸͳͳùǣһʱ벻ˣճϣ޴󰭣绹Щعɡ
ȴҲ޷ǧǵСЩԾɲһЩٵˡ
ǡ

Կط΢΢Щɢɢ漴˹ȥ
ǰүֹ
ģһ֮ʾĸж̫ˡô˦˳ȴҲԣҡûа취ЩЩʵʵĸãⲡ֢ҲһվܺõġȷʵǱδԼɢ˰̣֮ҹǵô̶ɢЩԳȥ
ǰȥҲһЦүġ

³ӣ꾩磬Ϧʱʺɥ²òֹһأҼһվưƺµһа֮ãվǻధ֮붬ɺ䣬βȴǺڣĺ곤Ϥ¹ڣԴΰݺأǴϲɫ
̶ƽǳ⹬˹˵ģҲѵõػ˿ȡǱ˵ҡ
̴ҩȴһ˿һҲܲģԿط峿ýﴫ˵ǽްҩʥϹǣⷽҲԷġ
ӼεĿǣҽѯʣ³ԿطΥͫɫѾ˴ãԭɫ
˵ȥǰΣӼЩ͵ԾסĿѣӰ
ҽЩ֣æֹ˻ȡһĲ豭ǰĿȻδ汭Ҳ޽⣬ʥϡ
һȺ





ڶپʮ ̵£

Ӽε˿ֹ̽ȥǷԼϵϣԾǼѣ͡ʥҲˣǲָõġ
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ΪԾɲⲽĻҲûа취պ̶ǡ£ʥϣ³壬ūŸʥϺͺүӭ֮ơ
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ԿطҲһ㶣ӼΣԼ˱ˮȥţЩʲô飬˶ҲǲԸ̧ȥϡ
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ӼЦʥϾЩҲ᲻ãҪ





ڶپʮ 粨˼

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ԿطԾɼů˻˵˰Цķף
ӼԵòȥ
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Թ壡
һȥƫţﳼ֮޵ֱү䣡Ҫˣ
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ԹǱƫ󣬡ǲǵýʹ֮⣿
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ڶپʮ ֦ͷΪ˭ױϣ

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Ǳ춯ֻβɨ̶ʱϲ⣬ȥϹҲһ

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ΥԨ֮÷ȡ
ԵЦҪ˵ЩʲôңңԪسݼ֮ҲԼͤɴٶԡ

ͥбɫɴ㶯¶ָʣаǹ㲩ʹҲأʢ壬ϳǾķˣϸųȫȻҲĿֺ
Ϊ㴫е˶ҪҶһζŻȴ֮¾ŵ˷ĪĵزֱⷽѧʿֶЩګګ֪Ӧ֮۱˴ԣҲִֻƻ

סģﻪ÷ޣȥ껨
죬תһ沽̧ⷽͤӰ˰٣ɴӢصһʱ粻ȴܹԵؾʱ峺ָֺֻͨ£̾ϢȻ
һհһƵʱ͸뵽һǼ˾ķ˲Ӽһܴί
׹ԿطֻҲͲٶԡ
͵͵̧ȥ֮ͤˣʱΪ˾̾޷ԭ˼ۻഫԾô˶ħܶ⣬տֻһ֮µķ׿ѹʥ԰÷䡣
÷ţЦ΢ָ⣬ӵ뵿̴
˲ȡ̴
ԭ̴Ļ꣬˭Ҳã˭ҲĲ
Լ̫ף˫עĵ





ڶپʮ ֦ͷΪ˭ױУ

˼ϻۣһӿȥǧϸ֦ĩڴƪֻ֪ԿطֶζΪ¹һΪԼͼҵϧκδۣȴһССҹվʦ£һչԼ֮Уɲ֡
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̶࣬΢΢ҡͷȥȰοʱɣԹȴǸδȥӣأ
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ӼȴƸУʱղԣʥϣ¼飬˿˴š
Թ۹͸ɴȥֱֱΥΪ֮ˣһӣձǹ˲ˣ˺ү¿ɲҪ
ӼһʱҲ˵ЩʲôԹ徶ֱ̧ǳǱ߰βԿط֮˳Ŀȥ´׶Ļˡ
壬ҪΣ
ժЩ÷Σ
Կط֪Ӽϲ˻ҪȰ裬ԹȴȻϣ˲࣬ȷ¹

Ǳ߻⻰̧һԼ̶֮֮̿Ц÷ģ˿ʱ̧ȥժ÷ĵһʱѸԵ˵Ǳзϸոմ÷֦Թָ΢ɡ
Ѫ
޹һľŮӱ˰棬봩ض÷֮ϣֻ㵵̧𴥼Ƕ÷
΢΢Х÷ɢȺʧ





ڶپʮ ֦ͷΪ˭ױ£

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ˣֱɭȻ֮˿ãƽһ˰⣬ɱ֮ˣΪһЩʲô
ƽ֮飬յóȡ

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Զ԰÷֮УƬƬ÷˪ѩûӣԹؼʬױϣӿѪ
Ѫ֮ڸһС
ԿطǷִ粻˿ų
Թ壬統ûһԹ˰ɱˡ
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Թ壡
ĵܵܽŲһͣվ÷īɫ۵𼸷粨Σʣ̾Ϣ磬Ժ󣬱Խܰɡ
һ仰˵겻ٶԣִȥ






ڶپʮ 

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ʮԸվһ˰ܣҲԼ֮¡
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ԿطԻƣȴǾĬãվָ̧ȡǾùӼȴʹ˻ȥԼһС
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ΥڴӹųʱҴȥүӢ̶ɢԳȥ˭˲˵ӰӣΥȻͲסȥˣֻǡн˿ɾѰˡ
Թȴһ㲻ƫ¹˭ôʲôȥڸɨԴ

͹֮ʱԵ÷ˣӼξҲЦﻵˣ
񶼹ȥˡֻǹĿǲá
ˣòõ˶Щʲô˵һҲͬգ壬Ҳһ㶣ҲûźˣͤˮȻȻ޸ȥȥôˣ˼վɢ
ڣԼѰˡ
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ⶼôˣţڽƽϢһСѾͷʮߵģսսţ㡭Ӿ۵һ޳§Զôˣʲôչ˱ô޿ġ
󡭡󡭡
ʱһȻץļ磬ôˣ
ҹ˽˵Ҫ磬ŲٻڹҪЮ˵Ҫˡ󲻵ˡ





ڶپʮ üѽ⣨ϣ

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ΪҪȥ飬ȥûдղá
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ŮӢ߽ع˷֮ǰϴĵܽ帲ϣ龹Щԥôǰѻݻʺ٣ŮӢǲϽ񡭡
ͻȻ
վﲻ֪Ǻã½ֻʣԼˡ

Ļǲ˫Сĵȥ
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鲻֪ҪΣֻʱֳʲô飬ǲȥǹ󡭡
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ŮӢҲȻȴ֪Ŷԣ룬֪Ĺơ
һ֪ΣѾһб׵ȱʱ룬ʥΥʲôĳҲΪڱϣΪʥϲѰ㡭˵ʲô˼
ԹѪɥĲձǴ
ԹȴһģϸϸشǲĭĪҲٵˣ˰ѹѰɺã
ԭǶ谲һȫȻŮӢǰѿȥȻŵһгʱԹҲ̧ȥѷ˵Ľ͵͹ݡ

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ܵܣûй˼ɣԿطһֱѪףǻԼҲһ˼ɵһһʼˡ
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Ӽһֱ˵ֽһԸͱźһȫ٣ȫ֮˺
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ǰΪʲôҪŮӢⱾ㲻Ρ

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İɫŵƹ⣬Ҳάֲס˵ڵأմѪ飬Ѫ䦿׳ɫսĺݾ


Ժ̨Ůƹ⣬㡣ǱΡЦӯӯ࿴顣
䣬棬ػ˭䣿շޣ򣬾̧㾡һˮ
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ڣҹ¶ƽһҹ
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ӼҲǰ븮ȥΥǷȥؿ˵е֮һĿͫӣȻѰصĵɫīɫȥ治ͬˣҡҷֽƮǳǿҶԱȡ
ȻһԭڿĻʱȻҲ˵ڣ㶿鷿ȥ

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΢΢üʮ֮ң𵴿̴ǡ

ϡ֮һң캮ض԰
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˱ǳĬλԹ岻ǡǡ
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Թ壬СϣӼȴǰȻϣɫЩЩν࣬ѡһ֣
ԹԣӼμ˵˵ɼ죬񡭡ǷԼϣ
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Ӽνָ֮˵ؿƲסݾѡʥϡ
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಻ãǳͤһżֱڳ̾Ǿñ䲻ϺүǺүɡֻԿطã
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Թ壡
ЩĿˣѵãǷ˾ģôءҲǸˣӼӹѵޱϲģԼķҹҲ⻹ǳ˷𲻳ɣ
Թ壬ҼȻˣ㻹ѺŮӢã
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һ֣Ȼ޴ۣٿȥȴ˻ߣ򡭡
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ǷһлҪص㣬ŮӢ֪ΪԼȴȫǽ㵱Ĵ̼̫ûа˭ûа
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ԼֺγĥԼ





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Ӽ΢΢Թŭԣʵ˵Ҳ޷Կطڽҹǣ֮빬һ·ӣԹоԴ˴ʿ˷֮ʱȴ׼ʤȴַﳼڹǵΪȵסģһƵ̫ƽҲǸλȥ֮һˣǲƣҼ̱ƹӲƴ˵ϣܵʲôô
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ԪʱҹЪӰأⷽȴҳһƣӼκ俪ڣԹ壬ȷſҡ
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԰ؿ罥ڤֽлڣ趯

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Թ壬ʵ㡭ںġ
ʲô˼
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ùеıҲֲңҪ־͹̫Ҫ˵Ҳҡ˺ԥ̧ԼϷǰݵ¶ȣȥ
Ӽԭв֢Уһҹմ˾ҺʱȲס㡭Ϊʲô֣Σ˭ܡ
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Ӽȴǽѹ˷μ䷭ӿҡ
ǲᣬȥʣ֪ˣЦ𣬷һŶ

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淴Щ
㲻Ҫҡ޷Կطǵð˵ģ㲻ҡ






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Ƴһֻ㲻Ҫⷽΰˣָ֮籸⴫λگ飬Ĳ֮պؽɽԹ̳дͳ
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סԹ壬ѰˣȴҲ
ҲҪúõסӼΣ뿴΢΢һЦǣ뿴ٷѾƣͫȣȴǱԼһУ˵Ѫ޷
ۣ֮һ֮䣬ԿطĿҲղסĶ





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ԿطζȥԹ֮ʱġ
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Կطòڡ

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ⷽ԰뷿տӼԣһδٿ˵һԣȥգֻĿ˯ţֺƴѡ
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ǽԻծ֮䣬㡣ݵһʱ֮ģҪٹ˼ܵܡ
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˿ȥ΢ûйĸо
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֪ԿطʱʲôӣһֱˣԿطҲˡ
ˣҵӼοʼ¡϶Ҳˣָ¶Լܲãһܽʽ֮Կطؽ͹ǵʱϵ¶ȣԽԽ䣬ֻԼѪˡ
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ͩݰܡ
ԹЦӢҿӼεˣƻĵıȴ˭Ҳ
죡
أԳЦֹֻǰ˿ЦɱһƴΪʲôʲôҪǲ㲻Ҫô࣬Ȼƽףһʹѡܺãҹʱ֮ǰұػ㵱洫λʱǰҾ
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ʺһˣһλӣҲֵ˰ɡЦ⣬̶һ糣ȥ

յ鷿ԿطͬĬһ˶
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۵ʲôʱǵδѰҪΪǸӼȥ
һδķ羰
Ц´һѣǳúʱС
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ӼѾʲôûˣ˵ʱܻһյɫذ׵ǰúѪɫԿطһУٻİ


ԶԶй˱ʱ֮δʱ
һ鷿ȥ޵Ԫȥͩľеȴǿ֦⣬Ҳգ⾰Ļʲô֦Ҷ
ٴȴվҲδӭôҲ֪Ϧʱ򣬻ܹܲң£






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⻰Թһֱԥģǽü֮һڣһղðȣǡ
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˵ͻؿԹ壬С˵Ҫơ
ЦԪǰ֮ǻѡط˼ԿطʲôʱҲµļ¶
ԹҲɵô

̶Ӽһ·ȥ͵͵ؿ˿ڣū߹ӭʥݡ
ӼȻתūĹ֮˵ڣԹЦ𣬡ôȣ̶ҲͽģԿطϳɲ£Ҿһֻظ
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ӼȻ֣ˣѾˡЦҲ֪£֪٣֪֪ΪԸвȣԿطǹ˼Ϊ֮£֪֪ʱ򡭡
Σ׷´ѪΪԹ壬Կطˣ





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Ҫ˵ˣϽϣ˴ӽϻòһӼħĽϾͺһ˷ǳ˦ͩľ֮ϣܲþҵؿҪڣﻮΪʧһУҪ֤ѡǴˡû㣬ôˡ㲻ҪңӦùԼ
ĽϣƮƽסôˣΪ㣬Ϊִⲻ֣ҹǶҪۣ
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ӼΣ𲻵ʱ²ȣŵҪȴźȻһ࣬Ȼһľϡ
Թ嵲Ӽǰ
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Цڵ죬ķҡס
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ӼػãֺĹнŷͫɣվǻظ˾ɫ
ôҽΣķȼ֮ˣֻԼԭ֢Ӿ磬㡭ң
ӼѾǺľһʱѪӿ˵ֻ΢΢ЦƵ˿ҡ
ԿطǰҪúõվ򡭡
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ӼָȲסȻջǱɫһֱԿطķԹ岻ֻǸֿסӡ
Կطˣվһеߣ
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رԼ˻ȥԿط˵꣬ȴҲûпڡ

ĳ̾Կط̾Ϣδйź
תȥǱõľưȥԼУ壬һɡСС¯ů˵ľҺһҾ㡣
ԹӼ߹ȥԿطϵһʱϲһЩóλگ飡
ȴǽü΢˱ȥݸ
ԹɲſӼεӣһֱס˹ȥЦζűмϸϸشǰȥᣬȥӼǰүһΣ





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Կطȴȿ˿ڣɫƽˣϲáˣ룬˵һ¶ǡ
ԹۿǾƱŻذϣٺЩϷˣԿط㲻һֱڿʱ¶ٻӼεĽҩΣ
Կطԭôġ˿Ϊ۲ȥ߾Һм̽üƣֶȥȡֻɫӣ飬㾦
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ؿƽضֱֱس忪˵źХ롣
Ӽγ֮°㲻ܡ㵱˵һôҪһͳͳˣ㲻ܷš

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ԿطȥݸǺӣӼκȻڣԿطܵܡ
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ԹȻſȥ
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ݾ־ڱصõһ˲ʧԿطһѽӼȥ¶ȣ䣿
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ĹĶ룬񲻶ǡ

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ر飬һ˲˲ҲָһŭɽֻǶǳ̵Ὺڣûˣһʱȥòã
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ҲҪˣǲǵý֮ʱ˵ҲҪˡ
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Թ弸ǽü֮һ仰˵޷վ￴ǵĹ¿Ϊڿ˿ڣһǽҹҪ
쳤ЦŭĿԿطƴ⣬֪ҲԹ壿





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ҪݵպۣȷϣǼգշҰģԾ㲻ᡭֱ㲡ˣ˵Թ˹ҪȥʵûСȻ֪ҲûУȴװΪС

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ˡ

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һֱѰԿطҲǶû¹ֻҡ





β½ڣ»߳¶壩

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ȻӼ߹ǿģʱͻȻֱԹȥԿطЩҪȴǷ䲻á
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˵̫΢С죬١
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ԿطùµȵֶΡԹǾҺһأ뵽ġ

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ңңرʱ֮ʱ

£㡣»㡣ȴվز˽
Թһ磡
ȴҹ֮΢΢ǣЦŷֺرϰīɫɢһԵ֮ϣǳǳıɫȾѪ̴㡣
Թؿ˫ĿѪ
ħħһУӼβ԰ɫȴǴѪ˫Ŀ΢ЦԹ壬ʱԾδʵûĸҾ¶ǲǣ
ֻţҡûУûˣʵ롭Լ֪Ҫ˵ʲôų˳ȥ

ֻʣˣ̣ɢޣԶ˶Զˡ
ǰȻüӼΣ㰮ҡ
ӼѪ΢΢۾ϣ䣬еһУûˡ
ԣ˵ˡ
ʽ̻ʣˣľߣ̻
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ѩǧԿطһֱӼҲûһգԼҲѩ䡣
Ҳܡ
ӼλѪظڵǻԪӵѩǧ
Կطм飬Ҵ㡭Ҳ˵ˡ㸲ҵĹϻҵ֪֪ô׵طſЩ޼ҳ𡭡֪֪еһͻȻһϣô׵
ζϸбȡ
ҵĴΪҶѪծĳһĽǶˣȫˡ۾ĶѪһ˺ѿĺй֮ѡѩȴشˣ׷Щ˵ͩǷȻɣ
ԹûиӼ¶ʱѹһȴ˴Ѫ
ٺЩ
һǷɰףˮӵ˺ܾã󿪵ĵţŰѩ룬߲߰Ⱦ˿ϴףĿĵѪۻж¡
һۿȥ

һЩȫ꣬ͽˡ





֣ɽţһ

ʱʱڣ̫ԹλǻԪ̫ƽ˹
ķΥΪ¤
һϮվ֮סһУȻѽ쳯أɽޡ
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£ȴӴҲûϣѰԼ
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֮һ˶չӼһֽīɫˣ֣ĵųݹ⣬͸ֽ
Թֻһۣ̾Ϣ

ժֻľӹԿط֮ǰ硣һο˿ڣԼպһУҲҲܰȡ
һﶬ̤ɳ̣꾩дڣٻ֦ͷЦ

͹УӼԴӱͻأҲµŮӢңȴǲ˵ա绨ͣЪػ˯򡭡ȵϧǲǡʵ㲢ŮӢҲѾңǸ峿곤ЩҽлҽģҡͷЩźֻǶһ˵ԸˡñµģҲ⼸ձáҲô󱯴زѾǾ˲֪Ҫ˭ѹ׻򣬳飬İĽȫһ
˶ŬȥϵյЦһÿþһʱǿЩˮ򣬶꣬˪죬죬ﲻ֪ߡ
ȻǴգůͶˡῪڣڸֳ̾̽ȥŪǴɴһŵһۼǺǳ
̽龲ӼЦҪȴǲֻա
ſԹЩɣվ˽
֮Ŀ˿룬΢΢ɫȴǲá
۸壬ҲԼҲĹҵӼΰΣؿ˿ڣΪβ
ӼЦ𣬡ΪҪϦӦġ
ԹͫҪκ۾
գԿطٱֻΪһĨǣȴҲ񣬹˲ڣַǵִҪκӼε۾
ˣĿкá
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ӼδЩźؿڣһεóͷβϧѾüˡ






֣ɽţ

Թһԣ͵֣ȷʵä֮дóġضӼο㡭..ʲôʱ𣿡
֮󡭡ؿˣҩҲͻָˡζҲ֮һ·Ͻͼùˡ
㣡һξĿ£ô嵭ҪɢȥӰӣͨ͸ıɫӼΣйɣ㾹ȻۼŮӢ޶ԣ㾹Ȼĺݡ
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ӼΡ˵һҹŮӢȥԼǶһҸ裬ͻȻϨ뿴Ƿ񿴵üǳȻڰܻ˸ٵȥ˿δͣ
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ҷŲ£һֱ˵ͷ㣬ľС
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ϣѪľϦѪ͡մһˡȷѾ޷ˡ
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ӼʱʶڻзһҹµˣǴˣﲻһ÷顣
ʱԼüЩãȴҲ˽۸ϡ
¶ȴǸʱԼ
󣬻ججҰԿطʮΧ꣬ҸԽڱﲻ
תƮһι飬Ѱ¼˷ǣԸΥ³̨ˮ¥áбͣٲϧմ¡

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֣ɽţ

Ҳû˼һҹӡ̫ƽ˹ƽû˸ȥ̽ʽ֮Ƿگͻ
Ψ͹ŮӢΪһãʱѣʱѾ˯ߣŵʱ򣬶Цŵġ
Цʱ𣬺˱һֱˣЦ´ԶԶţ̺ɫ
еʱйﳵͣڹ⡣
Ϊ˶Ŀ֮ɫ˼£ǹװȥӭȴһֱĬֻǰա
ÿձˣͣһʱس

ͬӼһ㶼޵֮ҲƲǡ
ȥӼεȴˣʱӻ˯Ȼѹ㶿Ǵ⼸ɫ
ȵֹסȴҲδѪѪˣֻʣһִˡ
ɫͷʢȣȴţһɴ͸͸Ҳá
ȻѪɫ˲԰׵ñǵյ滨׽Ҫš
΢΢˹⣬ͿܸɾعǣЦͨ͸īɫͫӡ
ԣϲ˵ϲϲ
ǵҪʵЦ

ԶԶأһȽϻľ˵͹ȻɷѿģϧѬĹɼԹŵ˸ȴüȥһֱ㿳ˡӼʱҲЦȻӰﶼϸСĳԿطʱܾɫůŮӢʹһҹ׷ʲô㸲ȴһ˲£һľĴѩֱ꾩Ұߣȵ뿴ʱ򣬾ͼ֮گһ⣬Ԫѩɢ˸ҿֱ峿ͷ¶Եòҹѩδڡ
ģӼ֪ԶΪš
⵹Ӧˡ
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չ͹ݷЧϵĽ֮ϣּһ
ԿطΪֵı֮ɺ
ӼһֱôճյؿؾͼҶһ˷ֻɫ󡭡ָһӼ˲͡
ָһ˲Լ

ȴ
˵üԶԿطȴǴһ档ֻǴʱ˿̣ڻ֮£΢΢Ȼ
ͬһ٣֦£ǡ޸ţǲ԰ŵ澲ۻһչƻġ
Ұȥǰܿͫı⿪ţòӦ䣬Ⱦ˳





֣ɽţģ

ǼԹ嶼ºⲻȴ޷ӼεƽȥƶһĹѣˡͺԴѡ
ȶĵĿԹһ˲޷ƣͻȻֻ֪֮Լ˭
ɥѪɫغӼΡվΣ
΢Цһܺãֻ𲻵ˡ
ӣĥ˼ˣԹ徹Ǵ̾Ϣǡˣ㡭ȥɡ
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ܲˣȥɡ
Ӽҡף
ҽԱܽ󣬱Ѿǿ֮ĩôùȥԹϾǴƣԸϣȴʼˡ
ӼΣ಻ࣿ
ǴıԹ徲
һ㶣ƣ˵һң
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Ӽҡףûг㲻ᶮá

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Ӽߡ
˰ңңղõ嵭Ů˵㣬˼֡
һҪʲôʱ
ӼΣҺ㣬ûеһУ˵ʲôãǡʵʲôס㲻Ϊʲô˰жϡ૵˵ţѾǷɢ˵ӡ
Ӽȴ΢΢̧ǡܴıۣЦȰοͬһҲҪȴòģֻͬӼһֻƽʸȴòؽϣͬ
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ӼҡףãһڲûмˡٿɡԹҲȥع
ӼμȴһңңǾ仰ٰˣˡ
ӼԹȰ
ˡ
ҲӼһֱѡ

һոһգǵϵһжԹ֮̫õæµ֮ȻòԼľ飬ķ棬һŲ԰УԼȻۡ
ΪʲôҪˣ
ΪǸŮӳķ᲻ĽôΪǽüȻ֮㣬ȴվӸ˸Ҫˣ
ʼµӣҲˡźôյ԰ȴǺ¡
ԼյȰοǶԼȰο˻ߡƩˮֽ֮
ٻعʱ򣬺ȻϦˡ





֣ɽţ壩

Ӱ磬˪ããȵŵӻǼѿɡ΢µգͬޣ겢ڴС
͹ȴû࣬鱸ϲϯڸǣЩչɨˡȴ嵭ѿȥ˸ӼΣ޵⣬ȴЩȣôˡЩŲãŮӢիΪȴˡ
ӼηּȴǳĶ¶Ц⣬ŻãùЩɡ
ӣտűõöˡ鲻ɿĨȥҨһ˹⻹ôһ˵ЩʲôӼξʢЩȥá
ϲ嵭Ǳ硭Ƕ͸ϲϲ졭
д⣬ϦҪµģҵνǸ˸ҲáǿһϮȥ

͹еĸ߸֮ϣһϼĿԶһ󲻺ڣǹִҡͷ
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ʣһˣǶΪһҹ㾡£ӼθѪ
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ҵĻ⣬ӼΣ˿һҲزˡڡ磬ȥ㣬ǼʹҪţҲĿġ

͹ݵ󣬼֮ȫǽϷǡ
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Ϊˣ˱ϲּ˹ˣ̬ư˵ǻϴ;ơ
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ˡ
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ǲǣůټӣ
һ߸֮ϣΣӼִǾ¡
кһ԰Ҳ衣
ΪֻԼܿơ

ҹ귭ɣٿն£һ˰Ѿٷ磬϶¥ϾһƳǧɽ¡
˵ҪؽϿ
Կطգ㸺Լˡ

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ССŮӸ̿ȥѪɫǼã㡭ԽǼ£Խǲõģ㲻õʱҲõʱա㹻ˡɢڷŮӢΪգԾڵȥ
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ʪ÷ݾ

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¹ȥԹ̧֣ȵȡ
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Ϸɺ껪ǵڻص˽ϡ
ʾм
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մһüɣѩ΢΢Ц𣬽İɺ졣
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Թȥſָһƶһ֮䣬սθʹΪհļ˵ǴĴ
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ΪԿطĶݶǸȥĺӣʵԿط֪һУҪȥãͬһ㡣
ѹ֣ǻһգӼһֻֽĸ֣ɽš
Ҳʲ϶֮ʱµĻĸ֣һóⲻĹ£һʼ޹ء
ճաԹ仰

Թ٥Ĳ****ݽ鷨£ͦƮϬԪ112611£֣꾩ɲϧһ°߻ڽڽ
֮ϣǳǳһ̥ǣ˵̥ʱˣǰ̺ۣбȥңңأɳŰ̹ӭ䣬һЦ
˺ʹҲƾѰ˴ˡ
ƣѪծԹĺ˴
һü˲ķֺȻȥѰ㡣

žĬɽš

ȫա





ǣ˭˶

ǣ˭˶

ھϣǷС
֮ᣬ˺ܶȥдͨƪһ֡
֮飬֮飬֮飬Ӽε顣
԰Ȼ˵̫أҲȡ黨ĽˣҪɽܲǳ磿
ԼҪ˵ĻʮУŻһֳʵÿﶼǷǳ򵥵Ը
ԼһƫãԹ壬ͬǸˣһʼԥģϼߵȥָоڽϿܱȽԭǱŤ˵̬ȴҲȥԹ壬ײǣûΪһУֻǵһˮСֻǵһ·ÿһҪס¶סܼ򵥵ҪȥƻӵеĶ
ϧ󣬿յɽبŲ䣬ֶȥҲû֪Ĺ£ԭҪԼȴҲɲܡ
ҿ˵ɽĸǶıҲǶһҹǵļ졣

һţθԼһΣӼûʧšֻϧһûԿط
Կطû͸ǿߣͬӼҲ͸Ƶᣬһ仰˵һж¡ԿطΡֻԸ£˵ʵԼˣܻܲܽܵѾڵʵŬȥֲ򵥵ؾֻԹãֻ֪ԼƴȥƣĶһ˺ãԳЦӼΡ˵ǽȴҲΪڷﳤﶮ˼֮顣Ե̫ǳˣƽףϲģһŮӣԱ¹һֻĸԼŶѡ

ǰлײµʱֻ룬һЩȻҪ˵ҲϵĴ󱯣Ǻܼ򵥵ĸ飬һ̫ԿǴ󱯴춯أʵҲȻ
˶֣Ǳˡ
˶䶨壬ԡĸһҷǳѹ

ѡǸ˵ƫãܹյķΧҪĸҲ󲿷˲ҲܽܣҶףҲкź˸ã޶Դͬ飬ɾ£꽭˭˵ҪǺױ

Улпĵףһĸжĳ̶ֳϴźܸ˵ƫִǻôһֱغһδ֪ٴΰл
ƵŰǰɣβλ֮ȷд˵ΪתȤȥŶ
̾Ϣ¹Ƽøҡ
ûд󱯴ȴˡ
ʾˣǼǵѩá
»߳¶˭˶


ֻΪ̫һεǳ˵һܻ  ҶҶʷ֪ĲͺáΪһձ˵ȻҲ顣ǲƻһЩķΧĻǲҪЩˣһЩʷʵ顣Բġ


1ʷȷСĪξһ˵
2˵ˮȷˡȷʵϷʿ
2ʷԿطΥȷʵδ̫ѿ̫ԹʱűȽҡ
3ˮʵʴڹģֻѾʧ˵ɫΪŮӢҲСܺĶ׫Ҳɹһ㣿ٺ٣˽ôΪһԼϲ˵
4ʷûɽӽΪһ׫
5Թ嵱Ȼ϶Թ==ûʲôһ˵
6ʷϵ꾩֮...ţô˵أ׾ݰɡάֲݻš
7ȫĶģŨԿطʮʮŮӢʵܶꡣʱŮӢСˡ
8ʵǡ.ԿطԹ12ꡣ
9̫뼽һ˵ɱԼŹ㷲Ҳˡ
10ʷϱԹ;ƣǣͷһ

ʷǱȽѷеģһеԴȪûǾûġ಻һһ˵




⣺

ƣҹܾϣ˺޹˼ɵԼȥƽһѩȴ˵Ӱ
ػϽ˱棬ɽذһƬֲִţңϷɰףһѩ䡣
ͷȥǵ۽ѩȥЩĻŵظȥѰЩָּѩȴǱȣ˲ӰһƬѪ죬ǵصӻɫȻѡһˣ̴ۣľİ·ϸϸȴ÷ǡ
һ峿δɢⲻȴóã峿̴΢Ӱɴ֮Ӱһ΢΢һЩѾһζѣ庮ǣԭǼηӣȥ˺ùϣ飿
Ѫȵͣüů͵ëδϵãɴȥľһȴ顣
ǿɫӰŽԼȴֻ˵ӼξĿ衣
Ϳ˲ȥ裬¶ůùҵȥӣ˱ԼȥȵطԼָ䣬ôˣ
ǷǿսԼҲȥֻ˲ʥϽǺ磬ʱɻҩʱ΢΢裬ȴǶǺ£ƳϸЦ⣬ҹҹδҲ˯ˣ㡣˵˲ܲӼԭνֿԼĿҲЩ̽ȥѰǳԿطȴֱʹǿ嵭ɫЩõزȥЦůˣүЪЪɺã
Ӽ˵ĿȥͿϣԿطϵ¶ʵ̫ջůˣӼҲЦԿطаⷽɫҲת͹ŵȥϣƤëīɫķ˿ɢϣֱţŹϡ
Ȼ˱ǿʼ˵̧ԶЩſīɫͫ˿ⷬǵϣԿطǲ֣һĿǵ嵭ӰᣬűǲţҺΣ
ɢϵķ˿԰ɫ
еüǳĵģӼ޿κΣȥֻｭѩͻЩΣǲܲ˵Ҳȥ§˲ԿطȻϲ죬ӼЦ𣬿ȴƽһ㲨ҲʥϷһҹǲۣɡ
ˣҪЪЪ
һǻЩȥͿס䣬λεɫףȥҲֱ۱ѹЩܣѲãֻöԿطѹ̲ã֮̽£ոתѲһذ£ѭڣǱ
ô˿ڼ䣬ЩķƼǲ԰࣬Ӽʱһ̽㡭ЩȥЪ𡭡ԿطЦǱܲãȻеˣǣ̿ȥĺɫԿطֳⲻﰲЪ磬鶼¡
ɢңһݵüǷһ仰ӼηЩȻѵ̴ǴĵطôԿطʲô˼
̾˿ھߣǡۼԼ񣬶ֲˡ
̧ǣĺۼһˣԿطǴ˺ڣҸӡӼȴһգȻּ䱻ֹһ˭ҲţԿط֮ϴ½ʯǣӼζʹһβƤ⣬ƲһϸѪ˿Կط˸ǲţһѳӵϣһغ⣬Ҳȥ鿴ӼΡ𶯡
һֻ˳£һӼε治ҶԿطϸϸ˱Ѫһ˿ȴ£ټӼεѪʳ־壬ôӰѪŻĿģʱðȡ
ӼεĴϢȻѣֽⷽˮε棬ع˿Ǽ£ǼһٴãӼΡ־ǲߴ˰飬ЩҪ㣬ּ˿ڱްԿطȴı˱ƵˣΨһ˵Щʲô˱ƳǷӼƽոĿ˹
ӼμһһȴҲ¶ȣǿԼȥҪǴӲϣ٣嵭ӰʶҪ㿪ȴײܽԼüӲǽŴԿط˲ſڣԿط㡭ȲԼȼȶȻǰԵؽָһ˽ᣬ㿴ײˡӼ˰ʹԿطſң
Ҫ㡭ҺòãԿطָɢȥΧ࣬ԿطĻҲ˵ҲñѹϷҪŭȴָȶȻ˼㡭
ңҪѿңӼΡ͵͵ϣµöͣ£ӼʱǶҲҶǲķҪ˵ţҡһΡòã
ʾģйǴ˸ˣΨˣؾԿطһ֮䣬ձ˿˵±Ҫ¡
˵Ҫǲɡ
ӼֹסزϷů̫ϲϵһ仰ңһиҡ
ͫȹƻģӦ¡
ԿطһʱŲסּ׼㲻ţ֮࣬ӼҧŴȥ۾ֻϷصĺԼϣָһ·£ȴǺԼϣӼʱ¶ȾˣԿطָ֮ɺ޵ؿʱ򡭡ůЩȻԺˣǱ㡭
㡭Կط...
¶Ӽβס㣬ȴһ֮зУ֣ԿطһȴǺ˺ڽʹԿطȴǵȥ̾Ϣ޷˰̷ӼΣЩˡҵĴ
ָ⣬ָ΢öؿµ޵ĴҪ˷裬ӼվܲõڣȥȴֱǴסٶãֻˣš
Կطָס䲻䣿
Ŭҡͷ˿ʪ֮ϣϸܵĺ⣬ԿطӼ̴ֵɢȥѵõﶯҲˣ֮Щֻ쿪ȥȦסԿطľס˵һԿطЩȻ˺ҧֻ㱨һؾָ̽ڣӼβü
طָرƵסҪȴƫƫ㲻ãһߴ齼컳ɸ裬϶ʲɾ䣬ӼΣط
ڣԿطظķظɾüۣĵ̴ǷջȰĿǣһֺô
ã۾οīɫʪط䲻೤ǣվǿ˿ڣط..
峿ʢ̴ⷽȴһҾȣ԰ݵϵǰ׳񣬼֮ϰɫӡƣĶϱ䣬Կطͣϰһǣܼü·飬͵͵ػѹֲס쾹Ƿһؽϱٿزסָͷ
ԵɫһԿطסĴȥбȫں䣬ʱӼȫɲãǿƵ˾ֻԱϰӡϸܵǣȶ÷ȺϣӯǼ֮·ƶҪѹȥǼܿƵҪεرֻһ˲ܻ֮ء
֮Ϸ˿ڳһƬīɫ÷̴ĻǣӼεֽŲһ˿ãƽӼξϲϵȶȸĳȴҲִ֣ǶʹȴҲӵļ粻š
ܷţǷˣ粻ڵ˽زǿտɫɬ˵Ե֪Ŀ֮һһѣⶬյ峿ůزסȥ
ÿһ㾳ᣬΪ˭ѹһ˲ȴģӼθ϶סʪʪĿط
ֶˣǱӿߣһȴǸİٲóס˭˭ĽνؾɾҲֻǸƽˡ
ǰ΢΢ʾҲûϵڲôۣһȶȴӸֱ֫ٺ̲סԿطһֻӣδЪһ΢΢ķ飬ȴ̵ɫһһĽҵģ㶼ҵģʱӵǶĵЦ⡣
ӼεĺƲɣٽֻܳסԿطķһʱӼαǶֹסɫķ϶ԵµĳղһѽŻϣ˴˶̲סƵԿطЩΣꡭɲҪԼʴһůĥ˵
Ҳ㡭ӼΡҴδҪ㣬ֻǲܷ֡󼸽һƬհױƽ֮ĴϢʳ֪ζǲֻܲǽϲѰпҲ㡭..κʱס㣬һֱߣһϦͬ깲ѩ䡭
ӼΡƵ˷ִ粻αƵ᲻ֹһӵ֣Եþβֹ΢΢ĺǼķ羰ҪӼһ룬˵Ľ˵ݺύؼ˲Ӽκؿ¡
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΢΢ڣŵƻ𣬾İ磬̴ףͥǰױǰȥ껨ϣԲĪƫºͻ̳ꡣ
ңңؼ˳һƬһֻȻ֮һźűߣ΢΢üϱɫӰüЦ´
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