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źɽɽ翼䡣
˻һ㲻١
ԶԶĶ֮˵ڲĺϣһ֪С˵˵Ʈ죬һһĺ֮͡ˡçðǰֻǲ˹黹Ӵˣ⵺˽еһ֮أοãã

ѾӶ֮ͷ͸ãĳɾĽֵϡ
ֵĵ̶ѷ׷ɨϣƹǰ΢Цʼһһλײĵϰ૵ҼȰ徻²Ҫ̫ƽԱһλ΢΢һЦ
ƹ۹Ŵˣ룬䲻ʮͷһڹֽȣһ˫۾º̧ݵֳҾ
ƹѵҲ˹ĻתкţԭʧԶӭ
Ҳƣ΢΢һЦҵ
һʮźĻԳơ񡱵ӣ֮ȴİÿһʮ壬̤ҽ®ĿףҽһԡֻǴ֮ŶϰÿԿ֮ʱֻӴʮ֮ˣ֮һɲ
Ȼɫ˾Ͳϰˡ˵տع첽ʯֵظһͷߵСˡ

£Ȼ۾΢΢ɨŽֵͬһѲӡ˲ãһӽֵǶ͸Ҷɵ۾
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갲վһ
³ޣ¶Ц˲ɿܣĶŵʩ񣻡
ƺԤĬĬغһ
ûзЦøůŹƬ̣ܷƼݵԣñΪһԣ
ȻԶɽĵδڣɤͳɳơˡ
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һƬƽڣ֮ʱ裬ϴһڵĽʯ顮޷
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۹ǷűһԣƱظ֮ӣǰȥ￪ׯ԰롣
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΢ЦŻ˵պԵټӡ΢΢ǣǣתƽسβȥ

ĿıӰתǲȻáֵϽ˶ˣǲ߱СصĹԡ˫֣ͦȴ粨ΰӿ㿪̲飬˾ԱΡֻǲ֪ǷڷŹ
Ľֵһǣµ𶫸ɫվͦβԾĶ£׵ĺ峿Զ֪Ѹдˡֻ΢΢׵˵һ䣺תܹܣҪɱ
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𶫸Ԥϵǰ㣬ȥ޷ϵıаɽׯ
Ͼ⣬ֻҪ˲ӽɽׯ˹ʡȻ޷ȴнɣаɽׯߣߣջɽׯֱֻҲ˼
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紵һĺˮ˿ƣ⺣֮ǳ˲󡣼Ȳˣ޺Ȼӹ껹΢ȵĺвһ˿ɶ
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ܹ֮УųơСһׯ񣬼ʹ۵ı߽ǣׯ˵ı䶯Ҳָƣ˵Ŀ¡ÿܹܶѡʢɸԺ䡣һ⣬ӲϼǺˣԶܴ֮ˣ˵Ⱦʧǰ಻ס棬Ժ䴥
һôףʧǱɱڣ٣֮޷͸¶ׯһС
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ֻһ꣬϶ƽ֮˵˿ٵر紵ɣȻʳѱӺøˬԻǵʱھѰȴ˵⣬ǷԺˣվ㼫䲻ͽ
ˡһĦ°ͣһ¼õضơӣǲ԰ױ򶨵վ£ѲӸ
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ֻδϵеĶӶϤҲһѵ㲻㡣

                  
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ش֮޷аɽׯ滷ˮɽׯĵУհԶ̰˻ġ϶ϲֲҶֵĶůʪɽϣļࡣ
һһ峿ɨͥԺ
뵵һֱԺ֮УһƶŲظÿյΣԹԡ֪˶ãȳһһ̧ͷʱͿ㡣
ͬһ֪˱Ҳǰ֮˾ԾҪҵꡣ
ӽл˫ֺ󸺣վ̶͸ɫؿųһ˫ۣԲһʮ˸е۾ɨľüһˣǡ
һҲͷܹδѯ֮⣬ǰһ񣺡ܹܡ
ﲨһ
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ûκεı飬£ҲûκҪκˣ
ˣϵɽ𺣣һҲûа취ӡ

ظܹܵĺ棬ͦñֱҲû¶κξı飬ƺ˳ϰΪ
Ӵ˺ܾãͥԺͳȵʱɽׯ˸԰Լ飬ɡһĿбӣҲԵ˱аɽׯǱŲӣųжȵ̵üмɣͷβû˿һۡ
ڵһͥԺҰʯשĵ΢Ⱦ֮κֵľߵͣվһҲɫ֮վȻƽؿܹܣȴǲѯʡ
֮лһ꣬ٷ֮վԱߣպ÷֮ƼסһĹ·
һǲ״˳Ϊؿһۺ꣬ȴȻˡ
ˮеվķԺҶĵ¶鶼Ϊ֮Ŀ䡣겢˫һߣںڵͫʱǰ֮ˡ΢΢ĳ紵գķʪ¶
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ĮȻ
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Ϸûۣһƽ֮ˡôоһ˫ѾƴܷϷ򣬸Σ
һֻ֮Ѱһϯ֮أκͼϳϿҵֱ۾صԼ뷨
ӿһƬϣȻɫֻسȥһףׯ԰Ѿʧȥ˳ŵȻԼվʲôš
ܹôأһκֱӵġ
ӲԵ꣺㿴Ρ
һףǰɫǺܹܣҲǱԺִơ˳ӰһʱҫΪαΪӰӣ󷲲ƽӹܹ֮ܵĴѯ
ӰղÿɷĮضųһ˫֡
۹ɨ˳һϡȻ֮ĶԻһֱԤ֮УǰκεӣСյĻ⣬㻹Ǿã˴ϻ֮ˣãصȥΪ󻼡
ƮƮغһֵʿķ͵عһƬѩĵ⡣
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׳һûɱֻ֣ϢˣǲɫΪ֪Ⱥѵģһ֮ˣù룬бš
˫ĿųһƷԤز¶ʱַѡ
Ȼֽ޹Ĵ֮󣬺ԼͬųɡءУƳһԼߡ
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һԽսԽľʶǧεĴ򶷣Ҳûʽ֮࣬еϱ䶯֮Ĭ̶ܴǣʩչȭŵķλټϳսÿһʿн
ǿ˵ƴƣһʱ֮һ޷ǯҵĹ
Σյʱ̣ѵõǳһ侲ؼвУû˿Ļңղʱƣִ󷨲еľǹκһվסۣΪ֮ذÿ˶ɹؼڣһһپ١
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һͷбһһѾܹһɱšʯһ˲һڲдĺʿ׷䳱֮ˮ˳ս⡣
ۿʱȺ˫΢΢һˤһϸϸ鿴ԭٴιʱעϮȴ쳣䣬֮ɱҲ˿֮ˣῴԺֻƬ̵𣬲ǣڱ˵ǰҲиȵȥ붫һ΢΢ҧسȥ뿪֮ʱ㿴Ժӻɪɪ
䣬ԷſģԺںȥֻƬ̵Ĺ򣬳϶ѶԲС
³н֪ǵǹĽ˿ףֻƾеıָţвһҪ峿ĳӳӣ͵Ĺⷢĵȿѱ档
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һĬĬرۣٴſ֮ʱȻָƽĵĮ壺һƾܹܷԸȴſˮУǼһ
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3.

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Ⱥ껹ЦýƻˣתǧҲϲ𶫸⡣ԵȻָ˳ʱĮһվͥԺ֮С
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𶫸ɫ¶ǵ뷨ֻѯ֪令Σ
һֱĬƺڿοڣ΢΢ףŵ滺˵һһƣɹ
Ӻ𶫸۹˫˫۵԰׵ϡֱʱסβһ˿Ļζϸ˿Ѫԭڸղųһ亮Ʒ֮£ǿҵġ֡δǿռκȻձˡ
Ļﲢδ˵֪꣬еλǰ֮⡣令ʹء𶫸ɵؿ
κα飬˵һҲδʹ˴óֱʹޱʤİա
߶ԾģǿУؽдδţǵĳԾ޵Ҫ֪ʮʱڹһս֮⣬֮ͬУܳӰӽ֮ƾһнβסԷǺڳĽӰ޴ڣԽ̸֣Ҳ΢΢ɫ䡣
ۼ˹ɫĮ˵˷ǳһȷʵز¶֮ˡ֮⣬ʹۻġ֡̽һѰֻ֮ĳһ٣ֻҪһһƣϵԷĹֻδ뵽һһ治ɫȫˣĹȷ˷˼
ˣ𶫸жд㣬ϵһ·ټ֮ǰʧзɱ𶫸һ಻Ϊ֪ǱڱԵպϰ
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һĬϡ
𶫸ڸᣬ±΢΢һЦҾ뿪֮ʱƵġ衱ΪŽ⺮֮
ǣһ˾޷ڣаɽׯﱻ˾ˡ

һӪ󣬺ܿӦĻ
νӪɽдŵءڶƹܣҲÿһʮʧģԳơ񡱵ҽ𶫸
Ϊǫѷ񣬶Դ޷еÿ˶ů紺ϲ£סԺ㱻ΪӪ
ԺϺۣӵ񻨵ľųһĵĲͷĹŵһǵó̤Ժ֮ɫǲپľ䵭Įش֣һ˿棬ǰǵλʿҲֻƽݵعΪ֪Ǻ͡Сǰȥ
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һڴɽׯǧ򲻿ɴ⣬ǰֻ令ѣ֮ҡ
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˵𶫸΢΢ųһãһ̾Ϣһ˼ܵ꣬ؾ뽭ʹʧȥΪ˵ġ΢ⲻꡣ
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һ⻰ֻǣȴͬһЩʱʱԾģⲼ֮˲֪Ǻˣ˰ԵƣĬ͵ʿȴŵõˮ¶Ǵ󵨶ϺҲѴ󡪡Ⲽ֮νļƶˣĻ
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ΪٻһΣһ˻ٴδкãܸıʲôХȥȣٴںѵүǲػ𣿡
޴ʹǵصӿӿĻںޣ˿̹ǵ˼óһվƲסĵسסȥĵʹһֱɾʱʹĳһΪסˮر۾
ƺöĵԶȥˣãģģüһ̾Ϣʹడ˯֮ʽߣ˼ȥ̾óһȻ۾ֻһᴩ

𶫸Ӳ԰غ󾲾תʱһѲӰ
ŵһв֪òǷ۵ףֻԭһɣһסȥȽŲسǰ֪޷ա
һվ𶫸ֶȵؿڡ
ڡ
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𣬶Ժܹ롣
˵Ŀһ᲻ȥĺʲôʲôҲû˵ֻƽشǡ
𶫸꣬ⷢɵĿʹƽ΢Ц򶨡һ֪ǰصضΪΪΣԵҾúʶվаɽׯŬı㱻ɱ֣ȴˣ졣
ʹ̾Ϣһа١
һȴ¶Цݣعһ޳һ԰
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һţϲŭ˿ɫһ紵һӳڷķ˿ģ

                  
4.

ںĳϡɱһɫӰ
һں峿ĻȣͷŻмżȵĳǣɫƽ˶Ժڼ֮ǰһ̽ɽׯڵİ׮ͻض˲ݣλһ£ֻ˵ĮΪȻȥ
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ɫų⡣
ȵ߽Ժʱ㿴һ⾰žӰеұֱҲ¶֮ɫ
λӢۣԵó侲ȥޱȣλǸԺ֮ٮٮߣ侲һʮˣ˴˾ʶǺԭ޷аɽׯ³֮ԣλɣ޾ٻֻǡ۹һһɨޱ֮ǰҩ裬˴жϵֻɳɹʧܣ
һ쳣𾪣ͷţԭΪǹϵеʲôɱ֮ȴû뵽Զڶ֮죬Ҳ볯͢Խǲ۵Ľ䣬ԽǲǱΣɵòźۼش֮ˡ
ʪУһҲܾ쵽ϢЩӿòУƺķâȴڲزԾԾԵ壬ԼĮȻһ¶˿Цһ鶼ԵԼϣƽȴξǷǣ밵ؼžĵ죬ȴƫƫѡ︰ѵ

յĳһ֪ȺĿĶӶԴǣҲһɵĹʽǻڳһ޷֮ǰӾӱ޷ѡһ֮ţԶѵյһսԽǲп飬ԽǼӵǱܣڵսѡ֮ʣųơСӾŵֻҪʮɽׯΪЧһ£ٳ˸裬ٻ
ϢһڽдڵʱҾȵ˲ŷ֮ǺƹܱаɽׯйأΪ֮Чгɣ˸뱱ة֮ĹҶ
һʱ֮䣬֮ﲻں׷׽޷Ѱںʧ׵ĲȻؽ֮£һһӢǰ̵ظǻƻ֮ͽȻ޷ǿ֮һ
ӰӽʱֻʮģҴҴӹصаЪϢźȺ۱ԣ߲ʮеľɥλ꽣ףǶ顣
ɽׯǲ¶쳣ɫڶվʧ٣ڶеƤ»Ϊūͣɨһ糣ҹתصпѵŵаɽׯóһоˣκξٶڵµԵʣ⼴ǵ顣
ǧգһʱ
ѹȺõԾԾԣ׼˴ǧѡ

ӵ۹һһɨǵ뷨һĿȻֻǸľͷһĳһӳ̾սһϾɱҲк֮޿ת
令
һƮӰӣꡣ
һϮµƽһСС̣Բںڵҩ衣
Ȼ仯嵭صڵǰ
ܿأԭǶԸ߳һѲһۣ඼ǶʮҵӣüĿԴǰܹܺ令Ǿη
һʮ壬ǰҩ衣ɵ̸۽һ㣬۹ȴǰɨ
궼ĬĬطҩ裬һȱ©˳һּ˺󹧾֮ɫ䡣
һ߳ǰҲӣסĮ۾΢΢һЦҩ£Ƭ̵ͣ
СӡɫݺݵؽѵһʱȴҲתߣƺЩҩǲΪȻߡ
令
΢΢һ񣺡ƾԸ
һỤǳƽĮ˵ӳ֮ǰڵ
Ƕ
ڵ令ŵǲΥߣҩᱻ߷ѣȾ࣬Ƭ³֮󣬸令ݼŵˡ󼸾ȴǵһУҲƻġ
һȣǶѸסڱǣسԺȥ
ȳһǰĬβ֮΢΢ǰе塣
ˡӳ
Ȼ
Σڡ
գκαʾֻڹػͬУسʩ񣺡ܹ֪ʱ𣿡
ӵĮؿ令֪Զ㵽ݣɺϡ
Ըͳ𣿡
ǡ
ǡԸжĸ˾չϣһ֣̤׷аӶȥ
ͦνӰݳһ˿Ĳ׾̾Ϣ̾Ϣʲôأ
ܹϵȥĽɣһֱе𶫸ƽ߳
ƺ֪ˣҲףֻǳĬظֶ۹ؿһȥķ
ӰоãӲȻڣ껨ҼľҶΪڣмδ׷༫ڽ¶棬һУֵá˵ʱӼһһ
ľ𣿡𶫸Ļƺ˺ܲס
Ӱ΢ת۾סݣԡ
𶫸һƬֻоǸ©һεεسʲôҲ׳ĬˡκξΪССҰȨ棬ֻܾΪԸ
һ𶫸ʺгƵ³֡
֪д˵ĴڡԶɣЦţҵľ
𶫸΢΢ζظֱͦţ֮ˣҲ׵ᵽ˴ӹĮһܹܣסǹڵĺ⣬˼ãص˵Ҫ

һ걻ֳһֱֱ򺣱ߵĶɿڣһֻǾ쵽ļ٣ȴ֪ǲ걻ɺδ
ɿ֮ͣһҾ޴İɫ緫ľǴвηĲѷ죬ҲǾ˲ٷꡣ
˾ϵô󴬣շԸڴ
һŴڲϴˮãȻմһ˿⣬ȥиѷպÿԿƣĴף۾ɵĺˮȻûиĿꡣ
˺þãһͻȻһ飺ҴƽʻϾããԽԽң۾ܴ͸ֻǾ䡣
һס񣬼۾
󴬾ҵػζҡڲһεؿסϣŵʹʮɹһɴסΡʼɴסϵӥصġ֨ѽ
ʹһûҲͻȻмıʡǳʱγɵľ޴ҵ˲Ƶľ˳
һֽžƣǻлĸҪӸƣϾˣǰҪĻץֻȫ
Ϣʹʹ亹ӳһϻ䣬ָؽڽץף಻סǻӿϢۡſһѪʧȥ֪

һʧһ令
ƺһֱʲô˵ͷ
ǲֵСԺ䣬ķ˵ͨСɣ˴Ҵ߹Ҳ˿к֮ģѰũԺ˵żߺɫʬ塣
һɫͷƽ˵ǡ
һͰͰĺˮͷŵʬ彽ȥűĺˮЩϣζ֪ˮ˳½ֳɼƶҳʪĵϣ˺ںʪཬܿģϵı˶׷׶еĽԺͺҵϢ
ɨˣڵӼصĿ֮ѸٵشڽĺһۣĹâֻϰܣ۹ȻĮãȻ
һ俪ڡ
令ͳһֳ֮ڵϺɫɺɫֻۣгһδ֮˵۵½°ڶоµīԺܺǡ
һ˵վƽ˵󣬴վ㷢Ժδˡ


5.

һŰµ΢ЦؿһҶ϶ǵһμˡ
¹ɽ³¶磬Զǰ΢Цһ΢Цۡ
ӵǰվŵҺվһһֱµµתͣСˣмˮͰԺŴԽ뿪
˫ֺ󸺣۹һֱɨˡȽ⿪һȵؿڣλ뿪а˴֮գϣպμҵָȫԸ񡣡
˵Ǻ޶
˶٣ֵѾݵĶɿڡںһڵˣֱǳһСģţʮһʮʮģһöУλ¶ӻưǵݺͳμвж
Ҳһ˿ڵӵԴԲ̧𣬳һҲ΢΢ͷ
ҹһԺ᷿ʱ洫һϸܵͳĽлһ
һʱ¾δȥлֱӳš
˫ֺ󸺣֮ͦͥУŵ¹⣬ɢĮϢؿ˳һһۣյ߼䷿Ȼվͥ
һ⣬Լǰ·š
ڴһº͵
ŵĹ֮ǰ΢Ц˵롣
һۿһ°¹ӣ̽ӵݱ֮ˣƹӡߵǰľ¡
¹Ӿؿһ׵½ԼԽԽ۾ԿɸоӴ΢ЦĿԼݡ
Ǽ䴫һ㵭ŵ㣬һɽζһһ£ϲɫ
һ£պ㿡εݿҪһˡ¹˫ɣ
޷һ˵
峿ɼˮץмǡ
ǹӽ̻塣
¹ͣ¶˺һţҵүź
һۣûֱӰ¹ӣ۾΢΢ʹƺðǰʥɵĹӡ
¹΢ЦţүӲã泵żҾƲӵϼұѣȻ߻мԺһ
ǡ
оүʹˣƫƫƢֲãв˳ͻҷƢһͻˡ¹Ȼ΢΢Цš
ǡ
ʹĺ˵˳ģȥɡ
һ΢΢ת뿪䡣
һƬڣֻϺ˪ͥ¡һ᷿ԺУһƬƽؽ˷䡣˯£Ƶƣ΢΢ʱƵԺԣһ·βƤȻ۾
ϣһԵþ
¶洫һ
һƽڴϣĬĬš֪¶˭û˴𻰣ֻϡɱķ书͡һţȻĿ
ꡱһȻǳһ᷿ŻߣһƬҰ׵¹⡣Ľֱֱײڡϵ˱ȥ
һЦһ£֣һӣ羡ȥۼԼԺˣװװ˯Ҳʵϡ
Ӱ֮淭ɵӰƺһһʫһһһֺ꣬¹ʳһƬŵıɴһ¹ӣϽɭɭڷǳǳ
ֻ˵Ľȷ˳Բ
һֱڽзĹ˳ӰӡСԺ֮вŵİ¹ӡ
ǴܵҲô
һѰȥԺӶ᷿򿪣¹⣬ӳ˵Ӱ
԰Ůӣʮ˾ŵͣ쵰۾쳯Աߵ΢Цò֮ŮԵѷɫˣƽ޲ЩľګŮ۹ȴһֱꡣ
ǽ¹ʹǷഫɽ׷
Ůϰ֮𣿡ִʵ
Ů۲תɿˣʲô𣿡Ůһ˺һչ䣬Ӷ»ɭɭ
Ǵ֪һȴ΢΢ݡŮĵ£ôĹ
˭?ô
Ů̾˿㿴ӡ
۾ϻǰƽס
˫֮СǴӰӽ
ӰӽƵظš
¹²ƺδţר־ȫԸǰ֮ˣ˫ַ׷ɣв˵šڳһ˵ڼ䣬Ժеʵֻ˲ʮСҪǽ¹ӯٷ磬һԺ֮УһƮ
ӯӯ¡¹УһƵӰĬĬվڷݶˣĮ
¹һ԰׵Ĳ¶ϲɫӻҲƵƮǵӰ
˫΢ţɺǰһֻһҽУǵɫӰ۳ϵڿյϣİƵָָݶ
ǵӰؿһۣһ㺮ɭɭɫ֮УСԺĹԵøӹˡ
ӳ׽ȥĮĮ۾
͵ػŮ΢΢һЦǰһǰ
乫ӣĹͣˡ֡Ųİ¹ӹ¶Ժ֮С
űһߵ˫˫ֺ󸺣ƺûԺƾճֵô˰㣬ߵ¶ǰվů紺۾ˣ
¶ͷлӻ
һ뿪Ժӡ
¹£ԺɫӰһһ¶š
ȻӰӽ²ߵʮаϵİ俪ڡ
ѩһСͽˡ¶΢ЦŻش
һ֪ղŮװĽ¹ѩֵ̳ūͣŮӯĽȷֻǾøʢѩӵ书Ҳһš
Ժ˻ûѩζģͼƮƮԺСִлխĽɭȻָأبŲĮ
¶ֻ΢Цţػһ𡣡
һƿֱ֮ӳѩվ֮أ֪ðһڱӣɵŮߡһѩӵ֮ѲӰ
ڱٺնһһɫӰԾȣнѩһ֮ڡܣתԣصɫ
ѩɣ޷½ѩʢİ
ˣѩһֱ̻ػɺղŲš¶ͻȻʵؿڡ
Ů˲ʧ֮䡣Ĭһ˻ع¶Ӱ֮
ѩ˫ִ࣬Įһ㵭ĹΡϢ΢š
֮У϶˫ֻǹִҪȡ𶨻Ļ¶¹еİѩ΢Цš
ѩؿһ۹¶˫չһֻڿնʧͷݺ
¶ףźŮӣϵŴ绯ѩ΢Цǰ𹦲û
ƽһ˿תڰȥ
¶˫ֱȭԺƵƵʩ񣺡߶ŸλݰĹͣҹ¶ڴλˡ
䣬ԺܱӰζˣ᷿֮еļյǵϨ𡣳һ߻رƻŻķ䣬Ȼԣϸܲ׽΢΢
Щ˶ڸʲôǴ
һһ͵̾װˣҲʲô
۰ʲôǲ
˺ˣ㣬ԼԴˡ
Ƕ˭
ȿǱа껤˿ɲġ
Ϊʲô
סѩӵ£ȴǽ»ȥѶСķŶˡ
һֿЦһ£϶۶۵ĴУƤ˿ûһԵʡ
𣿡
ǵģ֪ΪΡŮϸϸ˵
Ϊ̽ҵ书ͳġһĵȻ߶˵ĶԻ
Ǹѩǡ
ƽݺպѩӣλĹպȻ
Щʳһ֪ģʱӪмȡѧϼ鼮ݡ
ҹ¶ôǳ֣
ɵϡŮ꣬ѩӵ²֮ʱع¶н֮»رܣѩȥѰȥˣȵ峡ϣų֣ҲǴõ
ô֪׷ʡ
ôΪ֮˶֣֮Զ֣¶Ʊʲôһ֣ˡ
Ŷ
˯ɣôѾѾ·أ
أ
Ĺеѩ佣ѣⳤ䣬ѳΪഫ档ѩӳΪ֣Ϊǰƽ
ƽ
Ϲ֮ɳ˶٣Ů˵ųѩȽղش˽Ŀܡ
ƽ𣿡
֮ѡ룬仰һ䣬˵ľǴ˼ͨĹ¶ˣĸ·ãͨóסκ飬ֻҪǮһɡƽǻ᲻һ
Ǹ˭ôǸӲˣ
ǽ֣ѩܴڱӰ֮У书Ȼ֮ϣΪ֣Ҳ֪
Сһ⣬ĺС˭
ãƺŮ˯ˣûκ졣
ˡ

                  
6.

ĹٵһĻҳ̣һмʮ˵Ķֳɶ϶ļڸ·ԶԶȥͷܶƻɫɴϼɫ۵㡣
˶ͷУ˪ʱһӵģôʲôʱ򵽱ݣ
һһȶϵ̧ͷҲ֪ү·ļգÿհƸɺԵ̫յү˲ϣƫƫȵҹʱǴХصɳ衣
һڴӵͳĿɽ͹ķ磬һһ಻ϡһһ۰ͨ죬ϸͣүһ۳һִ֣һӵģûԷ𣿸ϣ
һ죬һ΢΢߶ƥԭĵ񶰸ûʵĺ߳һ·⣬ϾսصĴˡϱڲԫĲеĴ䲻һӰ
մһٵԵĴӣ䲻
ׯһˣֻʣƲݣ˿ضһչĺۼݹ׵ĵҲšһᣬӱźڸһƬʬףõｫӴˮźһ￪Ƭ֣ᦣ߽һԭϰյʬڷƮ
һɵñ۾ϣؿżеĿ꣬۲ǰյĻһƬϣүԶ޷ﴥĿĴˡ
һһٳһڵγɵĶ飬ԶԶĻһ硣ӲֱͦĵȴƷ粻һһۣ֪ǶеġѲһۻشߴٺ֮ˡ
ٵֻشϢ
󵭵ķӹе֡
ಡֻϡðһбɨһ£ֵﲻκӰصúܺá
ٵϵ˶׷ɼʸһˣɻһˡ
Ϊ׵үǰǰһᣬԼ˳ᣬ󺰣СģСĵֱۣ꣬ıǣ촽ڳǰݳʱүһӱûķλһѱˮĵֻݵԳϡ
ĵ⣬⵽ӰǰĴ̿Χɢص£󷽵ǰ̸ϡСϦмƶΣֻһһڶյı￪һһѪĻ
һֽĹһᣬܹ˼֧͵һĲӵĲݵءԵĹƺԵøˣһӷڹǰ֮Уָŵ档
βĵطɳֻ⽣Ӱҡм䲿γһһһӰܳһţصʸɼҲ˸ˡһŮӣգһһڵԷ裬Ƴӣһһ
һ֣´̿ͼйɣֿͲˣٳ̿ͷسεö飬мǽõǰɫݺݵŮк
ıӾһѪʹŮ飬ԵСһ󱳸úɫвĳκӣα䶯ʼղϱˡԽԽۼǰٰزıӡ
һĹӿſڣҡڵĲԽԵ硣
ǡ
ֻӡʰֱָϵһֻľӣſԵӣָ΢΢
ǳھµһֻӣӲֻۣɫľһҲƥϣԱҲֻһɫεĺڽػ
ǳھֵĶͷ˳ơһ硯ǰӵ˵ţһýסǰһ˿
һ˫һεضһǰ˫ȭû磬ԭȭɡ
βˡסǣһԡȭԴԳŲľ̾ͻʹ裬ͳ˰ӡ
ǷʵʩԮ֡
Ӷӿԣѹŵ͵͵Цҿɲֻ֪ųһһֻֻӣͷġ
޵ķɨ̿͵ĳɭȻȻ֧šһֻƮĳɢͣͷתһȦֱǰ
ŮϻŵЦݣ̣ɣĨɫںѹѹĳˮͼʸ֮١
һѹβĬһʱ֮䣬мսɾù
һؿһУ⡣
һιȻԽԽֽŽңǿ֧š
йצүĳᣬꡱһľм׷ɣүӷ׸ߴϳǰ˫ֱͷ˻𣺡дǿҵս
ǵĴүɲһĹͻȻ˵ϰɫĽƽƽתȦж˼˻ƴؿԡ
һ۾Ƕ档
һɫӰǰػһǰٶ֮죬˸оǰƺܼ޵ĻӰһƮƮƬҶӲƫүߡүһۣһЦá
ֻľӡ
ؿһ
һѾ˫չԾ䶥δȷƷϣɳԾ񼸿ŷɻʯֳ·Ϯǰĺϡǰһһ
һովһֻǹֻϷ
һԾӼڿתѩƮ£һӲסǹŲƣ߷ȥӰ
Ĺâʼղһ˫Ŀһס̣ض˼ǹӶڲݴУٿԣ˫Ŀؿųһ
һ˶ʮǹͻȻ˫չһһǣֻǹ͵˳һСǹݺݵԯ֮ϣһߣǹǹͷӦϣһӵС
ҷʸϣм仹ŰХ֮
˽֮󣬲ݴ֮ǰүԾ˲УСһԷˣһС㣬Ҳʧڲݴ֮Сھֵλʦսˣ𲽽ӽӡ
վڸߴĳһٲȻʸ֮ġ
һ˫Ŀ΢΢һ˫ǹͷϷɿ趯ȦӰóɫᣣܲ͸ǹ˼ʸ糱ˮɢȥһ٣ǹȻֱ۴࣬
ü۵ͳλԶɽȻš
һһʽסһǳɣˮݴеļ˶۾
ӴȥֻһĬĲӭŵͣ΢Ĺʡľګ꣬ȴվڸߴ꽫ٷӢݡ

ȻڲУӣ
һͻȻùϰ󶨵𿪣ýһ֮ϣӵݳݴ֮ԾȥżһݴԣӿԶ
Ϧ£һӰѾԽƮԽԶ
ƺûпһ㣬ͳһ֣ˡ
Ǽ䣬رӰʧԾ˳һڲС̳Ӱ
еĺ˺ѹѹӿУݴԡ
кͻأһ̴ټ⼱
Ȼûκα飬ȴһ˿ţ
ִҶˣ׷ϸ
ڴһȴʱڸǰ֮ңĴ̿ȴ׷׵أеĻƲס΢΢ƺкڽ棬ǶһƬʪ
ԤᷢʲôԸˣԶݴԣ
䣬ԭʮ֧ǵɢڲУ˿˿磬ͳԭ֮ơ
ֻӳ̾һһХ೤Ұ
ڼеĳһҲХ֮һĲӡŲȴͣ
һһԶĵطӰӭֻƮƮ࣬һֿ֮ˣҡ
ԻȵĻ轣һá
ǰһһεĽøɿݵ֦׷׶䣬ҵ֮ҶһƮ䣬ƵӰڿȻת

                  
7.

紵е΢һӹ䴣Сɽţûһ˿̡
һ˲ˮʱҿиɫӰϣСˮ塱£
̧ͷȥһʮҵ꣬Ŀ⣬ϵıƺԶһ޵ľګ壬ʱֹɽɬɽȪʱѩӹ¹
׿Ե꣬ҲһŴӣ΢ЦŶ˵ֵܡ
۳һһվڵԡ
˵۹ڿδرܡһֱֱؿĮ˫ͫһ˿ãȻ˫۾ڻصŮʱŻָ
һ̾һľګһ
ڸղŵĻսУ˿Ͼˣǳһע⵽˼˵飬֮һ书ʽƽ棬ڿʹһбܵкÿκΣյػɱУλɬٻƺڼ˼гֵķʽ۵ô˼Ҫ
үָֻ۷磬߹ȥڳһĴ򣺡һëСӲܱ˭áһӱĵбб
Ȼһؿԣ˺С㻨ʧɫٵƣ̬ǽ΢΢
үŶӣмүƣţһСĸ쳵ú˯һ˸ʲôʲôɡ
һһͷתɵĴȥһĽŲèϢ
СĿǰС̧δǰ龰ͷ˯ϡ
СڿβĿ

ҹһƬǵ׺ںںڵĻϡ
ˮ㾲ڲ۵Ĵβһ΢
޾վڷ⣬ϻֻгС
ӳ˻ζӰӣһº͵ڷ𣺡վΣ
һӰƺͷţ᣺ʦǺ£
һ
һ糣
书·𣿡
ɳʯǰ·ڵʯ֮ɣ书֮ǿѳֶߡ
Ǻǵ곤׷ʡ
ա滨ǹƷɽŷȹ̣ߵǰҵ·ӡ
ǹ
ǡ
ǹţһʧѾ!
ʦ֣˵ĳֱʹз˼ʲôڿҲǿܵġ
û졣һᣬ̶ҿ֣õļҵƻľַ
Կ϶ǣһȡټ֮񡣡
ȷˡ
һȥ滨ǹʹһСסǡôǰǹˡ
滨Ʒڽǹǰ壬Ȼȥ
һС
иӰⲽ̧ͷ书ز¶
һսҲ˶Ȼز䵽УܿʸϮֻгһصϣ޴УʵȻ
Ŷ
ǰᵽݴ֮Уֻǳл̽ĿģȲӷʱҲϱܻزݴԣʱԿ⡣
˵ȥ
һ˵Ŀǰ𱳺ƽԼвޡ
ǰǲûӶ˵Ҫɳһ滨ǹӦСһгˣһ˱¶˴Ҫԣ׸ߺϵҪҵĶȻӻ뿪Ǿ޼ɵطŻ𡣡
һԾ󣬰æ֮л̧ͷ죬϶жϳ̷ԿҲܣǸϸ緢֮ˡ
ģǹɨƺɱӦլʺ񡣿ǰ𲡹ӣ̽˶˷ֲ֮١
ⲽ֮΢΢һЦǸֵĺӣѹġ
ʦּ϶ˣ
Ҹҿ϶һĮһйһ֮Ե۾ˡ
нװɺĿ鼫ΪƵľګ֮ˣҲ⡣
кβ𣿡
ŮӣòǿأһΪ֮
˼ǡ
ʦ֣һŮӡ
ڵ𶫸ת΢Цİ¹ӹ¶ʵɿ϶
ҩ˺һ©
ѹѯңΪ˵̷Ұ̽ܡ𶫸̾һοһŮӾаǷǡ
ǽݣܺѷֻ֣˵һ̫ˡ
𶫸Ըպ󶨵һա
ʦΪζԳһ˹ػ
ʮռδʧ⣬һһʾͻ޷Ѱ

ġ
ڰһͻ
Ȼ۾һģӰڴǰһƬҹա
СԾѣһʲôʱʲôʱţԼȻ֪ȡԼ練ƣ
˭Сĵطʣվ𣬳
һ
һֻǸ֡
޹֮ˡ
СĵѾۡ
ɣûҪͬ༱һ۹ӹĵ֣֪쵶ĵĵ
ôҿ϶˭
ϣϰƲҡֻ˵ܴɣҼ֪˭һĬĬؼ䡣
͡
ںڰоĬţϹŨŨķžҹҹմķ磬ʣģƺֻϢĺڡ
ģΪʲô˺ܾãһɵһ⡣
ļûгҲû
һͻȻڿתȦڴʱ϶һҫĹߡ
䵭ʯһк΢΢仯ɵվųһ
һվӲĮǰƽţ۾
㵽˭
䳹׵˫ͫĮľګݣԵľһ
ô֪СеһУ
һԽԽ۾ǸǿĮ绨ҵ꣬˫۾ȻѪĹ⡣Ǹ֮ż죬ӶȶĵѲڣеֻǱĻֺ̿޴롣
һƽ˵ǲ֮ءСĵУҲһС˽Ϊ쵶ɱֻᷴһУĻһ
ĵָ죺㵽˭ѹƫƫ޷סĲ
СĿӰܹⷲЧ£һƽ
侲ͻȻղŵĳһȷֻʽѤ޵ĵá۾ķĮĹ⣬۹һֱڳһƶ
㲻صңԣƺҿ̽ܣֻ˵Եüĵѡ
һָֻǰĵ̷Į΢΢һЦ͸㽩ӲƤЦݺѵôﵽ⡣
ںñͬһϵ죬ٻധ⣬´ʧ
˵µֱŶ꣬ǻɡ
һ֡࡯һͻȻʡ
ֱӱ͡
˼壬īᣬζ罹ĶҪĹƷտز֮
ĺ˵ʲô۹ͣڳһϡ
¶ָ׹һطϸŹơ
һ˼ǡ
һ΢΢̾˿˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôһԿ϶ǣݵĿǲָܻġ
ļ沿һ˿ݣɵؿڣΪʲôҪʹҩ
ܼ򵥣ΪһûҪָĿ
ֱֱվţһĿƽ˵˻ʱ˾ú޹ؽҪ֮¡׷һ䣺ʲô˼
ҩ֮֮ϣҲܽ¡һٳɹ·˸ᵣĻͷΪǻָݣǾˡ
ָֻں塣
ĵڹ¶տ֮£ѿʵ뷨һһ˫ںڰоŹʡ
һ£һ˶٣
һߵǰľǰĬĬ£ӵ͵͵˵նҵǲǣȻүߵˡ
Լã
ڲݴ֮У磬΢һֱԣǴ㲻ǡ
үﵽ׷ʲô
ޡǹ¶ˣΪиƽһ£ү㣬ңǣھһģһġ
ҲˣʵԾ˲١
ŭɫǡȷǡղһ֣ѿøʢҲΪа
ĳԾѣǴƽɵǾ΢΢ݣټǣ·ĳһƽ
һοЩģ
ײаӪУ˱аˣѼĽȫеϸͼ˵а鱨֮ҪҲǼ֮£Ҳˡһ˵ͣ٣΢΢һЦ
ǲǱа֮ˣ
ǡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊһֱԡ
һֱԼ۾תĿ⿴⣬Žʣ֮׵ĲǣǷ֮ôƲסʾأ
˵գһƬľګ͡
ǲǣӣ
һȥƮƮվһӰ
Լ˵ĺãһ
ĸջվ£һ䣬Ҳ֪ľǰ
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ƬֽƮ˽ķɫҰףһƬҹȻĵ⡣ĿһֱڳһϣһΪ˭ʾأ
Ҳ׵ĵط֮ҽԴһ಻֮빫ʾ
ӵ΢΢۹һ˲Ƴһ۾
ʮʮҽӵ¶ţʮպϣ֯Ѻһֻӡ
Թ֮練ƣֻǲ֪Ϊһ·ƵƵʾ̿ͣ
֮⡣
ǿǰɫƽ۾䳺ףһ˿ϵЦŨˡ

                  
8.

һľګƽȴת
ñǶһΣϳǷֵţջսĺвͬĿģЦñȺ껹ƻĲӰúһֱɱƵı˲֪ӵȥĻҲȫΣ¶ƶ⣬ȴͱаɽׯǧ˿Ƶϵ
һȣ΢ЦֹһϢճһ֣ɲⰡһǸųһȵЩͻһƮƮڳһǰϢĴϡ
һÿɷŴǣӾؿϡֻ꺦СĶסңȻˡ
ڰУͻȻڣӣΪɱǰһˣ
Ҳǳһֻ֮ϧǸղתⲻϻش𣬿Сİ಻סǰ
ԭɱһеģϵ֮¶СƫƫСý
˫ֺƽƽ˵ţǣһ˿Цݣ۹޵һ
ǹǺ
֪ǻشʮˬ졣
һṦĽȷϤ·ҲûҪʵ档
ǳˣΪε伮
ӵ͵͵Цһֵ֮ʣȺ۲𣬸ԭɽֵսϮ֮·׷Ա
ӳҲԭ𣿡һһֱû˵ʱȴһ䡣
һǽаԣһھʹ̽⡣
һ΢΢һЦе΢ЦתֻǴȣӲ˵Ҳ޷
ܼ򵥣Сģ㣬ңÿ֪Ļǲ֪ﶼԭġ۹΢΢һת䵽һϣһΪ
һͷ£Ҫ˵ǣʵס
һ˵Ҳ޷
Ǹˣϧֻһ
ǺĶ̧ۿǰꡣ˿βһ޵ƽޱߵƣ

⴫ŨŨХĴ֮
һü۲ڴǰһȻٿǣԱ۾Ȼƽԡ
Ƿھ˶סɰԺӵүˣȥӦֻôתƵڳһϢ֮ء
Сģүһ
ĳĬ̵سȥ
˺ôһᣬ̵ػˣѾүɤ
վſڣһһˡķ˺£䵭ɨС
ھСƺѾ˯ŵĲӵش
ﵽʲô
ֻظĿģ
ѩʮˣޡľ̼ղŷ顣
ڳһĳĬֱģƽأ
ͻȻҲ͡
ǰһ£λǷ֪ͻȻڡ
һֱ⣬šһ
аҩӣӰ⹫ӵһʮѪϴš
һսʩЧڵӷ׷ױа־ǺŻһˡսҶ֮паŷɥһУΪ֮𡯡
𣿡һ͵͵ظһ
СӯΣޱȣը಻ԲΪƽأɫѤ֮Թ𡣡
ƺѾ²⵽һʲô𡣡תľܣֻгһֹˮСҲƺһ뷨һò꣬ΪԼע⣬ˣаҲһֱš
ĳŰɲϢƽ˺ӡ
ĿǣȻûּ¶лظͻȻǰһѯʣģΪʲô˵ʣ˵Ǹ̾Ϣ
ԭһױаɽׯıԡ
ʹȷװʲôܿݴԣץߣС΢
˳ĬѹүһֱҪж
˳Ĭãһ΢΢Ĺ⣺˵г˵ϧ
ĵĳĬһһٿڣƽ
ѩ·ֳ·ϮˮβԺ޺Ѷ˴ˡѩͻȻػ˴һץǸС걻סӰͻȻУѩӾߣֻʬסƽڽڣ
һֱڶ⼸ղδȥһģһֱڿǡ
ֻǲ֪¶ΪβǰѺͣҲڴ˵Ŀġ
һЦһɵĮģƽ˵¶ֻҲ

һһҹؿսһĿ¶һ㣺ֹս޷ֹͣ
ÿ˸˾ְڸ԰ݵĽɫϾҵҵݣı
֪סĵ˭ԼǷ˵֪ĿģһЩߡ
ñȳھֵͷǰҹھʦ󣬽ذ಻סС
ҹһĴ磬춫ᣬһϡϡĻڳھֵڳϣǰ˿⣬賿˯֮ʱкʣ͵͵С
Ǯ˺ԶֱͦèŵӣŸͷһͿ䣺ͷȫͳ϶˻Ʋݣ˳
ǰأȻͷ󲽳ǰ߿ߡû뿪ˮɽɽ´
·ɪĴׯǽһ䵭ɫʣ࿪ȥԶˮ亮ɽ壬ɬּž
ʮһΪӵ𣿡
ھҵĮڳУ¶ֵɫ
һ֦ƮƮһӰ
ڵ˫ĿҫĹâ۾ϸϸ𣬺Ͳ԰׵ɫһ˵ļڽŪ֮⡣
Ǯ̧ͷ˿ް㿡꣬˽ˮʵ˭Ϊǳھ֣
¶ּڽЦݡ
£Ҳ¡˵
ʲôӣǮһֻ˶ãɫΨһͷǰֵͷ
һ紵ľԣŷϢڳܵʦѲӰ
ǰۼֿ죬ߴԾ۾ӹȫǲ˼ɫ
ڸղּ䡢ҶϾϸϸĲײ˿֩ȡʳ㣬ϵƺһͱ밵
ǰһΣϵлʳһ̵ǰڿн˼ӰֵʱͻȻصصڵϣķŭ־塢һ˲ӿ۾ͷ໵ͺ
֦ϵһ˿δֻ¾ƮƮس߱е衣
ǰѪ׽ŤֶΣá
ؿŵ壬ûһȶȡ
ʮһѪƵζɱ㲻ҪҶһָ
ǰһѪҺＱʹѵŬ壬ʵôʮһ
Ρ书ϲö֮Ȼ˼Ǳ볤ھŻˣ©塢ߡʮһ˫ƹ֪ܲһֻӾܰȫճһ򾡣ںڵһĨĹ⣬ƾɲϮŵβлĿҳӣһ㡣
ǰ鴤Σżʹ࣬˻һ𣺡ʲô
ڽĮЦɭȻ֣ľԣֵʮо֧Ųס¶ǰٿ߹ʮеģ̫ļˣʮһ
ϵǰɢƺɥʧ붨ס΢΢
һиż֪ѩҹϮ͵ҹͳʦʬ㿴δһֻۣ˵㲻ǰܽٶĹΪ͵תӳ죿ϵǰǳԵĲǶҩƣѪ趯ѪҺ࣬̾ͻ
ŨŨļڽ֮䣬΢΢ȫֹ˿˿ƵĹߣòɼϲĻǴƬƬӰ
ˡ

ȳһһ˳·;ʱǰ˵ʬ׻ҵĵϳš
ôߣӵģүš
ǰʬ壬һɡ
ĿǸж꣬ڸϸϸز鿴ʬףͷ˵ж
ĵɫ˵ү·ˡ
ƹȥүѾˡ
ĺͳһһۣĬ߻һ㡰ϣ̧Сĵתͷȥ
һĵԱߣ۾ĵ΢ζԴһһسǱ߿ȥ
˵㲻Ҫ˵һ糣ϴһļϣ촽δ
ĵŴͬáܡӦ㵹ǽ
û취ں档Ǹǵġ
ʲô顣
ǰϵĶһ㣬Ż߽еĶΪȫ糣ѪҺûųһ置һܹơ
š
û´ڱаɵҩġ
΢΢£Ĺһ
ģӲˡԵĳһƺ̾һ
Ҳӡĵ˵Ҫߡ
һĬ˻ᣬ̶˵ҲԸ˲ҵˣƺһֱûɵػš
·Ỻķ羰֣ǰ궼û˵һ˯ˣȵؼųżֻһǡ
имãڱа
ãĲô˵仰
аδŵԡ
֪ӦŵʵֵģֻҪá
һĬţ鱨дһ֧ţڷƮ֮ڡҲÿģ
һֻ֣ųһص˳ᡣ
һδֻֿǴۣ˫ֹؾصط֮ϣųš
ǿģ΢΢Цţ񵭵紵˳ĺ͡һû˯ã
һЦݣȻԼ˫֣š
ǵЦʢĻռ˳һĴ̣
ңǳһûͺá
ǿܿЦݻδתԡһ߿Ȼһ߽ųһ˵һ³֮һׯɣ
һ۾ֱ̧ǵ۾һ˫ڵӣѱĹâ˵ȥ
Ǻܿϧ˵ôȤ˲ңɽׯӶôġ


9.

λʮ²ɽƶɽڰɽİ֮УԻ֮˳Ϊ䡢塢˳ݵȻϡ
һһ˸ʱ뿪а֮պһࡣϾһ·಻ϵսţöϮ󽥽ɢֻʣ³һģǣǣүС㡣
һÿճĬԣʹɫȴȥѩ˵ڶʧڰÿٲδжĲ֮ˡ
үɽȴһɵ̤ɽУмķС㣬ǵˣһȻ
һ̧ͷŰյ֣Щ̾Ȼ컯ݵĶﺮ䣬̸֦ɭ˿δ֣еֻǳϵپľܵҶֱֱָĲ񷡣
ͣͣ˴죬ŷһСɽ롣үȻҲ
ۿڶɽ궥ˣһǰǾȻˡɫİɽޱȣһһ΢΢·үǰǴ£жʮɿ⣬޾Ԩ
˵վһԲ
һ·ֵүʱȴֱͦ˫ֱǰִԣȵ˵߶ǶϱκԮܹ֮Ҿ͵ˡ
Ļֵû˾ǳҶסү˫һлǰʩԮ֣ٻᣬĳС
ݵԽˣһ硣۽ɨһʱһЦ
һ۽һĬȻţ¡
ϢСͻȻֱ𣬡ಡһϡ
һ̧ͷ׷β̣һƬɾɸɫС㡣
΢΢ķӹ߸ֱ֣΢תһǴϿͲİƣͻȻ뵽ԣǷ硣
һѩ׵ӰˮϾ裬ĮƮݣǰƺǺ̲ϵİ׺Ȼ裬Уֻǰ۽ǵһϮ۵ףԶȥˣγɼ嵭ķ
һһƳʱһź覴õĲ
кڷԺӳŰʤʵӡֱǰĮ˪С
ǿҵĨĿİɫĹӵĲ֮Ƶʤ֮ܿܿ޲Ŀ
ǵ۵ıӰȻӹ֮ϣʱһӰ
תһ˫Ŀ񲻶ɫ԰ףǱаƺδֽͣһ䣺Ԩɽ£񶼷ɲȥء
һƽȴǼͬĵĹ۵㣺аԶԤϣ书ǿ󵽿˵Ƿ˼
һվ󣬴Ҷû
үѾˣô죿ƺ⣬Ҷ˳š
ԴϸϸĽһЩ֪Сɭס΢Ц
Ů̧ͷзĵ೤ֲ
һȺɫСų
Ů˫ģȺСƺĬسǰȥعͷ΢΢һЦһЦ˵ӵڰ޹ɲǼԡ
ŶͥˮҾ񼼣ҳʼСϷһ۷΢΢Ƿסв
ˮߣע£ҪˡûгͻȻڡ
ǰһȺС͵ͷسɽһȥǸղŶϱ·
ǽظλŮӣ󣬳һȴûж
ĳһ˿͵˵һ·ֻĬʱȴ˿ġ
һƲסЦ⣬üۼ䶼ǿʣĵЦԴһμɾĶ˵̧ͷȺǰ·С
ǰͷߵ΢ؿԣûκüۣ촽˵
ŮԷˡθ񻣬΢΢Ĵ
̧ۿ£˵ˣҪϢƬ̣
ҡˡŮϽ˵
һļֲ֣ǰСЩ۵ɽ·Ƭ̺ǰؿԭȸߴֽԺ󣬳˳ʪ̵ɼ
ͷŮתɫ鵭սβѡӣˣٳ±ڡλ͵
΢ⲻ֪˶ȴ羪쳹ļ䡣ϼתɫƽֻгһڳ˵أܶ཭ϵ䲢֪ƽŴңĳĬꡣ
ǻͷһ۳һݣͷ£תȥ΢΢ƶ촽ŮĿĬĬرĴΣһ׼ߡ
Ůɫ䣬ȻϢż˵֪˳ݣƺջŸλ
˵գһתͻȻ촽εε˵磬һ·ˣҲܣҪһؼҡ˵󲢲ǷӦʣֱǵֱۣԮ档
ǲͷˮܷӣ㾧ӨĺСٰ£˫Աǰ·Сķûзֱۡ
ˣ롣
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ֱǰ΢书ǿ
ˮܷ۲ת˫۾Өô֪Ҫߣ
˽΢꣬ô¶롣˵ɽȸǵ˵
ˮܷ˽ŵҧס촽ʣߣֹ𣿡
ղǸ𣿡תѱ档
ôˣ
Ϊֻһıаܷɹǳƶǣû´ϻиװƵܹǳһ
ˮܷ˵Ƶ۽ëһشصۻڷ΢΢̧۵ʱ˦졣
ǿ΢ЦˮòܼԦɽȸţóѶ
ˮܷͣǵۡ
ЦЦˮܷС־ֹԡ
˶Ĭͣ
һƺԤϼʲôƵģ̧ͷϸ˷ʱȻתϢɽӵŶһ޶
ȻݾƷֱֱһϡɷԲͬ򣬻೤ɼ֦֨׷׶䡣
Ĵ󾪣͵һܿݿĿ硣
ͱˮܷԾ⣬λŮӻ
һȻ˫䣬ӼתԾ⾪춯صһһӵ֦ϺһɭȻһѺݵվϣӭһ¹⡱ñֱ
߷֣һ磬תһˮ˳һ䳺۾
ߺˣһʡ
µһ˫ֺ󸺣΢ۣý
θݣݿ£Ϲݺᣬ˪̵̫Ѩ߸߹
ϡһλŵİǰ΢Ц˵˺Աһī̽۵ȣ˵ķΡ
λͻȻͺ𣺡˵Զųӣʵڼžɽص
η˳һ
һɭɭȻһ֮䣬Ӱ
ԱߵλƺԳݣһֱվ·󡣵ȹʮзɰغһҲûռ˺ս
ĺǶ˫ĿؿţһһʽԸ
˻սһţСıյɽ䣬һοסƷġ
һʱһоԳ˵ԵһԽսԽ£ֻҪноʲô¡
ʮйȥ˹仯ɰشʦ˫ƻ磬Գ˿й
϶һѾȣӰӰ´£ʽ䶯֮ʱʢϷһ֦һ˼һѨ
һνɫ԰ףǿҵķķ˿ҷ衣
Ŵŵĺ˳޽£һһҧӱȱ¹⵴һȦһС̸ǿĽķ
˲Բţֻгһ΢΢ǻ
񾪲ȻŵؿŶԷնϵ½°ںؿڱƵ˺ۡɫһ䣬𺣬ߡһ󲽿
΢ЦţڡЦеˡ
ɰشʦ˴𣺡´ٴҺмŸ·˵ҲһĹι
һԶвִ֮Ͻþ¹䡣ĬĬ˺󼸲£Ϣ
ĵȻͻȻҲ˳ȵĹ⣬ضųһ㵽˭
ꡱһ£ˮܷӯӯЦţλСǾ޽еýְ
Ǵۣضųһŵݡ
һƳţغɣ˿
ǰȥ۹һֱڳһϣ˵ɽΪԽ꣬ǰǱаշСǧսްܼǱа٣ʮڻӳ졣һǵһ
һˮţȴظһɫӰѿڶ
ֻ֣һоͿס˳һšһԼǰض۾Ҳ˭ֻҪһ죬Ͳܷǰҿס㣬ĹߣҲס
һһǻԣЩʹϢֻ̡΢΢̾˿á
Ǻݺݵ˦³һֱۣŤͷȥ
˷·ӣһĮĵȹգβǶȥ
ˮܷԶȥӰ˸ӣһŤС鲽׷ȥ
ǰ۾ʳһ˿ģɽа׷аŰܵǵպ󡭡
һת΢΢һЦ
Ʊ䣬αƣɰѲղϮ㣬պҲҪСġ
Ϊӵֹҡһģƽһ統ڲŲ²ˮԭһ·ڸ𴫵Ϣ֪ͨжղǳΪ׷зԾɽµıаҽ
ѵ̷ô빫Ȼߣѯ֮ʱֻظƽͳĮӡ
һľͷһؿɼ۹ɢҿնֻǻûҹעһˡ

                  
10.

ʷأԭƴվսưǷϣȴģַ˷ͨó֮
ƺջ˼壬ǻ㼯·ͨԵ⽻ϡ
ջڹģΡ߹㣬ΧڱˮٲȻ۴αȾ
޹Ұʷţջɳ͢ð죬пջͼȫ¹͢򣬻λԺܣϻأġջȻֱĵ¥ֿժǡԶԶȥջĻֺӴʹĹ͢ǽ
һڿջΧԶĻϣĬĬضԺĺ컨
ǳ͢һ˰ó˽ۡ
ĳĬ
һ·ĲªΨ˴˷һ˼ţǱ֮˳ᢵĹ͡˵дͷԡ
㲻𣿡ͻĵʡ
ҪģӲˡһ̧ͷ˵
ƺӡ
ݣƺջ¶ȻվҺӧ̹ȵڣδܷһ޷赲ֻóĬܡ
Ŵ׵ľվڴǰǡ¹ڴǰһĬȻͦıӰǶǰɫȾһɽˮ
磬𣿡
ˮܷǵӰþãЩҧ촽ʡ
ûСǲûת
Ϊԭ򣬴ûкˣɽ졭ˮܷ¹ӵıӰ
תϴ崺ЦݣˮΪŻɽô
ˮܷͻȻ˵ˣõЦȥ沿ӿһ㵭˫ӯӯˮޱȼᶨؿǡ
ǵؿ˫ۡ
Ҹûɽϵ飬ô֪Ҫ˵ʲôˮܷ𿪿ڷʡ
ǳĬ
ҺúԼΪʲôҳΪʲôԵǰˮܷһһˣֳؽץţѰޱȵ΢΢
ĬĬǰˮܷطȶΡ
ˮܷ۾һصĻк⣬ȴޱȱ
㿴ӽŮˣΪȻұڻ㻹Ҫ𣿡ˮܷʹؽ˫૵
ǻǳĬţֻһһˮܷĺ󱳡
ǳһɣǸľͷһ˰ɣˮܷǵĻ˻𣬡㺦ٴɱ֮ϧ֪ÿֻҪ˵ϸ۹׷Ӱӡ
ĬõͻȻȻʧЦô𡣡
ˮܷҲܲסǰ˫ذסǵֱۣƴҡ忡ӣ˰ٺҲһ𡣡
˫ţ⣬ǰĹȻʣüĿȻǼᶨĹԣȴйɵĿ
Ҷ費ϦǺˮϪ
ˮܷ͵طſ˫֣˫Ŀ񣬿ն۾ɨܣǺǣɵעˡ
ͻȻַˮܷѨһ˯ȥ
Ǿؽƽɷ˯ϣǺӣת뿪˷䡣

һ伫俪ķڣżӰ
Ʈ쵭㣬߳һþ߽ǱδеķʽϡɼܽǽߣⲪϵϻ
һλ̽˿߹ߵİǰͷ鿴ǰһƤͼֱֽվźڣ̣ɫߣԱ˫
ƿһ׵ĺꡣӰóȻ
̧ͷһɲǼ䣬òǰӢƥӰ޹⡣
˵ֱһϸƷ٣˫ۣһֽ޿Ӧɫ԰׽ӽ͸űĹâƣһַâ
ɤɽĺȪĵ
Ѿ͵λаʣмƻе˶ջƽЯԡ
ضĿ³֣˵ص㡣
ɪȻһ˵ƾɲڿջ¥Ѱž˳
ƺᶯ£ꡱһƾſ֮죬÷˶޴ӵ̷
һϸ緢ָǿشܽѨĶ飬βϥ¡
ôǵµ
˵׵֡
䵭ػ֣һͷˣű̧߲ͷȥ
ɫ۵߻ӣﶼǵȻ޲ɫȴԼͬһ£ûаɽ·ż˵ȷ֮١
ӡ䵭ضԿ˵֡
߼ǰҾصĿǰȥݹž̨
³ǣ
ǡ令ǰȥ
곤𣬺ɫ˫ĿƤͼĳĹ⡣
ϿɿԼĿꣿ
Ȱ߻شλ̧񣺡μġ
׼֡ͻȻһת˵
ϻһۣתҲû̫죬֪ôһԭǾش𣺡ǣ
ֵͷ鿴ɽͼᣬɽ˳䡣
˼תǴվźȻ
ϳĬǰȵ߽˵лǰɽʩԮ֡ɰغϷδţǰУֻǰЦһ£˳·ѡ
֪ϹŹֿڰǲһγϮһǸӣ˵˾ǿǰһϯ֮أҽѡͬʱһγػǺԳһýĲ²⣬ɽǳغݺڵļ˵˼
ֵĳһĳһж

ʮ³ţҹ
ХصİײݡƻԻͣƫһ磬øƽٵʢ
ջ¥ƫϽ㣬˴ͨݣһҵĵƻ貣һҵĽݺ䡣溮ɪɪ˪ۣڷ컣ů紺
Ϸģڹ帮֮ۡϵǸĴӣӢһ˫ͭ۾˸ҴЦúϲ졣
»վʮӰʢװŮӴ䣬һʱƣ嶣Ǩӹ˲˼ɾ
һӰУ͵͵̾˿
Ļͷȥǰݳˮ˫ͫĹâ˫Ŀֱϣҵݺݺ࣬㣬رܲӣİӰΪһ壬΢ŵ̾Ϣ
ͻȻƹⰵ
СŮŮĽǣסҹ飬һ룬ʱ
ɴȹŮòʱתʱ룬ˮӭշ裬ҡҷ绨һ˵һ仰̨ů죬ڣ䣬ࡣ
һ·߹ս𲻶ϣҰľ棬ȻҲ˼áǲ԰׹ǶϵģڶϷ׷ɵġǰۿ˳֡еŮˣΪҡ
һ֪û´ǾǶϯϵӣиΪĺգ㣬ԼԤ֪ʲôȴı䡣
ڽŮķήأ̿Ͼ黨лʢһӺݻİĵٵ۲ӹ޷顣֫ӯӯһգҡڣζ޽ǵİĵ
һ︡ĸ֣˼
ԣڵǡôİɫɴȹ˼һһͶ˿˿ģһһ貨ȥ
һӰĿת۾ӰѾûбˡ
ĵؿһУڹӰתֹĿ϶ô߳һˡ
ģһӵһŴĲ˵ôһ䡣
һĵ룬Ҵǵ⼫֮أȻǲɿܵıź˵ˡ
ΪǱаϵӡ
ֻҲףĵŮӱضǣΪʲôԶǧﻤˣһԾɿϣĹ˸
ʤŮӡһֵ͵͵˵һ䡣
ĳĬ˰̣˵ܣֱŮ޷ı졪֮
һת˹΢΢Ĺͬע˸¶Ĳ԰״أ˿˿Ƶ̡
֪һ֮⡣˵ڽ֪٣Ļֻ֮֮꣬ǲ֪ǰ꿴ƴܲ͸཭еΪʷЩˣ
̾Ϣһĳٶеģһֻڱаɽׯµ鼮ܶ伮޷ʵ¼һ
ĿųһһֱŴϸ鿴£ͻȻʲôƵģԾʣ㶮
һֻƽشĲ㶫ǣֺŷ
Ĳؿųһһ̶˶Ի˵仰
Ȼ𾪲ѣųһȵıӣһҳԾ
һϵ沿һģģܾĳͷʱΪ棬ѧϰ༼ܡ
ֻ΢΢һ˲̧ۿǰƺղǸĬľګֻһӰ
һϣع޵һǽЦţˡ
޽ߵصͷ߽ӵڻ
ֻǰֵתį뱯û˼ֻüһʾԣˡ
ϵĴ󺺺ѲӰŵķ㡣ղ赸ĵŮǴ˿̶׷޹ǵĻ굹ڻУ֮⣬κӰ
˽ˡһƽ˵һ䡣ֻŴΡ 
ҪȻܸܵõرҲˡ
ظۡһͻȻסĵ֣һɱѩϣĸдһıüͷ
ңԮСһϻ⼸֡
ĵ˵ͷһĽΪҪǰ˴ΪԶУиֽȡ̸ݣʾ⡣
ҹֱ´ģֻ˵˼֣Һ˾ɱ


11.

ϸƵķյе׷Ϩ𡣽ʰҹ⣬Ͼİɱϡ
ĳһԣЩâͬ硣
ۼƵİɫ˿ߣǰǵĲǵĶ뻮һɾ䣬ﻹиղŽŮ̬
ֻƳĺտĳһȦƮĻ㣬ʮɫȹӰ
һ̾˿ȴɶ
ϵ׸ʮӰվǰڵɴдв
һĿ뷢վ룬ȵ
ʱּӰĮľֱͦư߳ıϢǵԶסǰ֮ˡ
˶ϡߴЦ
겻ȴխխĽһһƬ˪ҫӵڻƣ֮亮է֡òĮȻӰ
һλζ¡Ĳ⣬̧ۿ֮ˡ
ֻһſֱۣ԰߳ŲһһڸϡĬ꣬޺ȴ¶ãĹ⡣һһٵߵ࣬ɬʣƽ
Ĵ󺧣ⲻƽĳһӰҲ˵
ϵչ䣬˶ûж
һִŵضƬ촽³ǡ֡Ȼûб仯һؿŶˡ
Ǹߴһ˲ͷһ
һҲλӳһ˵Ľˤڱϣ졣ɫ΢䣬˫ĳ
׸ߴӴȵδ䣬һ⻮Ƭ˳ȥز
˶δֻгһɬ𣺡׿ǿһ䡯֣
˵۹ƽϡ̽ͭİְصѲƵĽȴһ˵Ƿ֡
촽һ
Ϲ֮ɳһ·˼õƽǰϢˡ
ֳܳһ֪ľֹҪռƻС
ҪǷϻʱ䡣
ߴ󣬻߳һģһӣǴŰ콻ϵĻɫۣȣһ˵ͨ͸ʹӡ
ԭ˫ƹҲƵ߹ؼ
һҡվ֮䣬ƺоɱһֱеƽ㱡
˫ƹ𻰣еִ˼ƣŲ
ϾϾݣ㲻һֱԭƾĿĵأ˫ֺ󸺣˿ţгصȻ˵
ĿƣߴӲʣȷ佫Ӣ뵽һ·Ϊ˶ὣϷϮ·ıаڽǰ֮ɵģ΢΢п
񳯳һȥֹɫ԰ף
Ŀǰɨ˵ƣĴʿ˫ƹϾɲܺãһҪߣ
ƾסǣưȻһЦ߲˵㣬ƽҲԭ
ɭɭǰЦѣôֻǵҲȫˡ
ŵҹͻȻһƵŮӺ֮Ǳס˲ӵ죬β̴پֹ
еЦΪóĵľɱϵļƲһʧҸ书ĽŮӽϣȷǸüƲߡɵʿȻ뵽õ²ߣǳɹô
ƹЦɫ䣺ĪҪˣи㡪ɫֻҪմ˵ӣǻϾǸˡ
Цоؿ¶ۼݣǽŽɡ
𪿡ǳŪ֮⣬ڽЦǾϰڣôеһ꽫ϾӰ紫Żʼ֣ӰӰӽɷȫŮɫ֮ʣ
Ͼ衣ĬĬؾ׽֡
죬ȥͻȻ˵
һθеĽȵɱϣѸ硣
һ˫ƹͶ˫ƹһ֮˶ʼˣ˴ľĳһ
ĿУеĵ⣬Ծһ󣬱վһ̵һϵĽ⣬ȵһ
ʲô̧ɻǲǰ
ĵתһǰһѺݵĽһݺݵɨ˳һһƣأ󡣡
һѪȷӵĴҲصѡ
һĵĹ⣬̧֮ʱоͶһɭȻĳ¹ָأβųһޱȺĿ⣬˵ֽˡһֵĽҲкȥ
Цһʹ򣬻ô񡣡ȴͣЪڳһγͬȦɭɭ
һĽһˮĽ;ҹ⣬ˮӰãһƬĽѸͣɽٷֱ£಻Ľ
ﰵһýϵĵŽ⣬ڶصĹӰûˣصͺһ
ˡһæ֮лһ
һЦаһֱοƳһû뵽ò˵ͬʮҶ࣬һֻԳζ¸ȴ̷೤
ҶۣռĲɽ϶һһ躹޳ֻϢƴˣǴڱаɳ֮ʱж
һ۹·ֳƽס˫ƹӲƵسǰȥȴδ̷űʱͳһѱΧ֮ͬС
ĵһʽɱֻʹһΧס˵ľʿȻǸ֣Ϥĵĵ֮󣬾Ȼ޿֣һֿһĽж˼ɱĵսš
ɫһƬţ죬ᶨֻܸϮԼİѳϣֵ϶Ѫ۵ĽۣзģϷɽģѪ޴ۡ
е˶ԡѪս 
һ촽һɨǰ˲Һأָֻļ䶼һƬͷһ۵ϵʬ壬ϡϳǷű족ӡԵΰֵˣһͻȻӿֳһϣǰƾɲʹ˫ޣβ鸣족
һѹĲʣԡ
ԱʩԮ֣ϵѹᣬһ;͵˫Ĺǡ
һĽմϹ̲ԷɽǿһϢ³һѪһݣæԵС
ƺһ嵹ص졣
һͷһ˵ڵزĿϿջмݺݵس²䡣
¹ҵػϿգһ˼ңǰƺܼһܣǰӰ
˫ƹۻӰ顱һһʵʵذһǹ
һйѪӱɿȥĵϡһ֧أֽһʹƽɨһСȱڣĵб˳ȥ
һһмڴ˵˴ߡһУֻءߡһ
һײ˴ڶܽǣβͣģִԾ
ҹкһٺХƿ֮ҹɫǹŨŨӹķ
һ󾪣˽Ӿ족»һĽӰնɻǵһ
δһԾ𣬵ڶ֧ڣӵһ֧󣬻ҹռٶһ޷ӳһʸӣϻһȣӻǽΪȵվڿյ֮ϡ
һսһۣ𣬼ת۲
ƺջϣһֱŵӰ
£һɫתֳ̥ɢͶĿĹĲҲ
ɫĹɫɫѥӣɫ¹⡣
ĬĬؿųһȥķ΢΢üһɫʣĿƳƮ̣˵䵭롣

                  
12.

һĻŲ·ﵣĵƲԶڶƫƧĵԺ䣬ƿѲһۣɵԾڡ
ղڴߵʱ򣬳һͲĵĶϢ½תӷԼʱ򣬷ĵصóԼϡ
ĵǰǱһ㣬ǰһѪĿشƬƬѪҺðһһ˰ء
Ѹ缲ָǰѨֵֽıԴԴϵضһ˫գ۹һֱζסĺѪɫ
˿Ѽ󣬳һ˲޽Ƕǰĺ飬ʹͣϢ
ģġһżصƽľګƽգϵĽ¶ǻ΢΢Ĳ
ģ˵һҪѹһʣҳСչˣǰԻرû뵽Եɺ㣬һҪ뿪
һط֮ϣ۹£ĵϰ͵͵˵Ϊʲô㲻ҵȰһߣΪʲôôİˣΪʲôҪѺңһͬУΪʲôСĺ˶Ĺִ
һȥҧסβʹѹ֡
ǸŴϡ
ݻмյľ룬ͣھӪΧĺӶ԰Ϣ
ӱߵķܼŻǲ˵ĺˮ죬رǰãء
겻ڶͷ£ش˵ڣ¡Ŀǰںӱߵ꣬׾ϧ
һΪʲôĵ߽һѯʡ
һתüڴˢȻʣ˵֮ʱ޷ϡ
֮ǰأ
ˡһƽ˵۾ǰĺˮôˣûеֵʱ䡣
ӽ³һ
һźˮֹǰ翴źˮ˻ֵ˵Сöң˵ʱˮһسǰڣʲôҹ
˵ʲô
ͻһЦúͳһ˵ǲѾв⣬һҪȥСá
һޱȼᶨתҪ㡣
Ŀųһ¶ľګƽı飬һʱ
ģһ߰ɡ
ôߣô죿ҵĶô죿
¾ǾκǣֻҪˮͲǵϢһȥ԰ıӪһĵĲû˵
뿪Ҿа취ⶾʱͿԴ뿪
ȻأȻҺȥĽعЩٵʡ
һĬصͷźˮ
˫ȲߣܣΪѰһϯ֮أѵҪһŮ룿
ãһص̾Ϣһˡ
ͷļ޷ջȥġĵĮ˵СΪĽ˶ѡ
ĺͳһںӱϢҲû˵֮ϣδۣĬδĬĬһź䡢ڰãȻǱĺһֱʹѯʳһһҪ⣺ȻܽⶾΪʲô㲻ߣ

һҧٶһޱߵľ
һһֽץǰ½ʺѪˮָ˳԰¡
һеĳһһ϶عͷֽ˫Ŀգ
һæͷĵԡ
ݣ껨ϪӢһ˿ʹѡ
Ķ̧֣þһɢ޹⣬ֻʹòָһӣƴȫݳģ֣֡
ĵƣشûеϣĵط
һҧ촽ر΢µ壬ӷһƬǰƺһ壬ûһ˿Ϣ
֡顱һƺһƵصӲݴԻ֮С
һδţıãøɾϵѪͷյ˫ۺϵ˫ƽò˵һ䣺˫ɡ
վһ˺һؿŴ⡣
ں䣬͵͵ؼŵشһ͵ĺһ˫֣ߵߡ
һ߰ɫӰУһϢ
һﱾѱڿʱһ΢ҵϢǱڳ۳ҵҰ޷ơ
ľ⣬ǸӰ
¥©İĹһƺˡ
˺Ѫ߰ߣ֮ҲǱץ飬ȫһ˿ɴѹ֮Ⱦ졣
һ˱۾Сصס˺󱳣ȴóһƬޱߵĺڰԨƺһֱи죺Ϊʲôңƫƫôʻ
ˣˣ㻹𣿡һʡ
΢΢תѣӯӯ˫Ŀ͸һݣޱ޼ʵҹ֮СͫĹɳڣɢǺŵ꼻ɲǷһ֡
ҵһμǰƽԸ˫֪ڿ֮Ҳ֪ϻôĮѩ˴ڡ
ôһֻۣǵüѩ׵ڷɣžգǻ߳µˡ
һҴ룬űǿ
תûйǸҵϣҲע߳ŭץһơܶû˿һۣڴ֮ʱи˽Ҷ
˴ڴڵشĺһһʺ۵ѪңһֻۣһΡЩˣϣŪ֡
ˣаҴȥһ߬ס˵֣иϵĽң͸㡣һңһŮӱ΢ϣ
һ󶶶ڵӳªңҪҵǰ㽫ҷҾܿˡ
һҧҧ˫ƽ˵ӣһԾź˪ܡ˵ͷתǰ⣬泯
ҹƺҲ΢΢һ㱡ǰףԶԶڳĹϼ˿ںصĻϹűڿƮת
£ҹת顣

һˡ߱ŷһ𣬹ڷĬȻΣšӭȻķ磬һ˽½ִ¹⣬󲽳ȥ
֮޷죬аɽׯϺոһ𡣴˵иݺصڴˣ̫ĹԣΪӡ
Զݵĳһӭŷ磬ӭ΢⣬ɫĮֹ꣬ƽᶨִǰȥ˲תȥ

                 
13.

뷱ƽƺջʮԶɽʯĺʱڴ˰Զ磬ȡ˸֣
û뵽ΪһʱͿԽĴ򶷾Ȼسֵĳ䣬Խϵ絹й˪ӣһƬĽմȾ˺غܺѪ˳ŵεڻƣϵɽȪ䡣
ܣа׷¡
Ŀĺԣ˳˰֮õļƻʽһڻֺֻܻ֮˾ĹУעԼֻǸɱߡ
׼ƻߵһܹؼȫȨգֻܳɹʧܡ
ĥѴһɱƺ;ʿĿΪס֮ˣջ⹫أֻҪ©ӳɻǵһ˽ɱɽЮ־ʬսʿеļƻղУȷжŹҲΪʲôڴ򶷻ûֹͣ
һŽ뿪ϾĺХ֮׷ױջĲսЮ־ʬ뿪Է׷˴
ǰһ÷֣ƣ÷࿪š
ƽվ÷ǰɭɭ
ȻվŲɽ֮Ƕסǰļ·⹫֮ϣһֻƴԱһ˵ŭ
עǰꡣ
ڰ׷һգգضסǹ⣬üʵɱĿݳŲݵϣƽһ߸ߴȻжľ
ֽǰһ令ƽ㻹ǲԭ
ĴָʶظײϸϸĦи䡱֣һĻﰵԾȴûʲô顣
һЦϽǵ϶ˣ»ʲô֮
͹ġ꽫Ͼһ˫ڰ׷ķĿ˿ң˫ĿĿ侲
ǰվһͨ͸ȣ۳÷΢Цѣ԰÷ɫȻ˵Ͻ֡սսȳȣǹүӡ˫ƹĴ޿ְ
Ͼ費ȴĬĬһݵߣһ˫ֱȳ˴һżӣ۶סɭȻһЦ
еվ÷һүӵǹǴ죬նɱұаȻԿ
ɽô˽⾳ȷ䣬űаװȴ֣֪ΪΣŲౡ˫ŵǴ˵
Ǵڹ֮սžһԣ١һֱûпڵĺ俪ڡ
һвˣż鷢⹫ΪƵƵμ뿪ƺûϻķ̣ν׷ʡ
ʣ϶Ϊ˱뿪ջǰϵӰ˳µϻشϾ赭˵
³ҹһһռֱˣյ˵϶Ӳ⹫ӵĸ󣬵ǶԻƺûоȫΧԳһһûô
Ͼ迴˵令ûв´ĵط컷ܣְȻһЦֻǲ֪ͿջȣǲҲǹһ񣿡
󷽵ߣ˫Ŀ΢˯δ˯˿ǰһУɰغеǰˡ˫һУʯ֮ܣ÷֮سһɫˮʿ˫Ƚң뻮һ͵һ뷢
Ͼɫ䣬˫Ŀ۲쳡Ͼơ
λ֮ϵ⹫ȴͻȻɫֶ̥
һֱ泯÷һɰغУɫȻ˵ڴˣֵָֻš
˻һڳɫ䡣˼÷ְΣȻûвһ˵ĺ
÷䣬䡣
һ޳ģӰл߳һſչ֡
ϾǱò񲻶жһ뷨ɫµıаҶ
ͻ𣬾亮÷ǣãѩҰӹ㾪裬ԡĿһɨһɲǣǰ˽԰һ˻ݣԡ
Ҷһֱߵǰվ˫ֲ̽˿߹ߵ֮Уࡣ˾΢΢ʾ⡣
ǰʦӷȡϹžڽ𣬴ǧƳѣһӣһ¹⡣ӱǰԶ¹䲻Ҷ䵭ڣ۹ƺֻסǰĿ
ӽƽ
Ҷţ˫ĿȻһֱۣǰϾ衣
ϾƮƮɫ䡣
˻ھ֮Уûаηģֻǰӹһ󺮷磬ʧ
ҶбƮһһоеƽԾһƽƽġ족Ͼǰ¡
ʯ֮䣬Ҷǰ˾תΣ˸治ܽ⿴ƽһ
ϾתӶһ޷ٱܣ˫мǴá֧һС
콣ӰȥƲһ䣬˫浹£϶һߡٿаȻǰƸղŲ뿪
ҶһὣնɱһˣһС֮䣬һ˫н£ųȥֱΣ
µʬǸʵŴҡ
һ£ϵĿˡֻҪҶн˭׶ǵһμһıа費һȻҪôصĴۡ
㲻ʹô˽
ҶĮضǰȴԡ
һ񣺡̻塣˲֪Ҷ˾⣬֪
ʹô˽ȻȴڸнĹ⻪˫ѱܡ
ҶһƬƣƮƮϡ
аһ¾׷׷⹫ܼϣûȻ׷ż
˫Ʈס˾һϾ衣Ͼʹ̺
ɰشʦѰ಻סƳԼĿ꾣ȥ
֮ˡ
Ĵ֣ղűնɱ֮⣬ˣֱ紫ŵľѩצɣ۵ӡ
綦ľһʿ߾ųߣƷͫʹпɽʯ򲻵֮¡
ɣĴ֮һഫʯɽǧѩצΪƣɨɱ¾ֹ
۵ӡ˵͡Զɽ֮ʦԶɽΪͩţʦظ̳
˵ܺñϣʹǳľִצɣӭչľǹӡɰشʦ׼ˣ֪һΧɶϷǵһʮɹ
һһؾӨī̳ǹһɻȥ׻˵һ糤һǿһһաԵǴʧѾõİǹԸֱ԰ԵǹֻȡɽһǰѨ
ֻŵ÷֮ǰ΢Цſˡ
Σңݶվ˫ƹλ
֪ڲܻң书ƥеıаһңԼⷽȫûסΣ۹⿴Աһۣͷ֮ϻ̩ɽѹƵĺ֮⡣
ǰƽƼʹʮ꣬Ҳ֪֮Ŀǰ书ǿ
֮ϲɽϣǿ
˫ƹִֽϣ˫£ѵϣŵڶ˫ƹֲٵıԼؽƸǹһɡ
Ͼ£֧ʮС
似ɶԣľģޱȵѼ̡ɺ͹ӡƾͶԵо黹ܿ⡣

ǰҶͻȻ³һ֣⡣
⹫һԾࡣ
ҶȻײ鿴Ͼƣ䷢ˣ©һˡ
һվ֮ǶԷ󣬡ᡱһĸ
˫ƹҴ⣬ֵͨϣһƬӰɨǰѸҵļʸϻۡ˶һۣȻ
⹫ĸ֮ʱֹץơ
ƶܲǰצץһѪۣ˫ƹסǰأס
ľҶվ⹫࣬ͻȻڡ
⣬ң췢ߴ
ľոɨɰһƣͻżƿ֮ͷɨһڶʹš
Ȼءɺ͹ӡϲλ۵ӭһնֱɰشʦš
һֱϾͻȻͺһ
ɾ͵һʬף÷ǣצһ˺һѽǱȥ
ʬձⳤٸϵ
ɲһͷӳʿʬ壬סһڶڶžԾ
ҶĿһ΢һסָ⣬ССӨϸƵķն
ƺһӦ£÷Ϫ˵ʬ塣ԺиССĶ貵Ƕڷ䡣ҵѪʵϪУǳǳƮԶ
۵ϵǰɰشʦһơ
ӡҶ˵֡
Ҷ䡣
ӡһ뷢ţ͵سֵǰߣʹľɳɱеʽﰵ̾Ϣһ˫ζڹӡ
ҶĮؽܼϣظֲ
⹫֪ӵ˼׽èϷľḶ́蹫ӳ֣ȺǶԷġ
Ͼ۽ƳĴȫȥ˿ɢңƮա
ɰشʦ˵ϾǰţСᡣ˫ӰϾĿơ
ϾĽһǣɰصơתϾ˫ֽ淭˫У򱳺
Ͼ輫壬ʹƼһСţ˵ĺϻɰһƣ˵Ѫ˿ȴ͵һ¡
˫ֳڵϣ΢΢̧ͷ¶ӢӲʵӡͻȻϷһ˫䳺׵۾һ͵漴ƮХ𣿡


14.

һѪ۵Ӳݴд߳˫ĿֱϾĿ֮ϣϾؿ˫ۡ
ϾһӴƣͷԷ಻ȻԼ֮ϣ΢΢Ծ̧ԱϵӣջһǳǳѪֻۣ˫۾峺޳ƺȴ˿һ۾ƲߣĵĪİǾǺ嫵ͫУ㽫޷԰Σ޿ơ
ֱֱؿϾ裬ֳֽǰ΢΢סϾǰ͵͵˵Хڼˣ
һ÷֮ǰͻȻȵ
ȻһƺڲŴξĬĬתϾǰ
ҹ䲽ʮ˳ϪˮĳһϢˣһ·ЩȻŵˮݶ
ɰؿǰ꣬ɫϣϸڵ꣬һϲ̶뵽ԼסԾԾԵֹǰ
ڸߴҶͿһĻĮﲻκθ飬˵˸֣Ͼ衣
⹫ĬȻּ̣ش
ĸХȥ
ֻϵͷҲδ̧ӷƴϳһɨֻϾԶ
ȥаɫ΢䡣
ж֪л⹫ϰ䣬лҶ˫ؽ鷢Խ˵ʱǸ¹ơĸǡΪ˱ܿǵ䣬ֳĸ
ⳤ䣬߷ǡĸ޿ɱܡ
겻úõػţܿ
⹫ϸ𵭵ĺ˪Ų˼ɫϳ˳һ꣬һ˫°ȫˣավȻա
ѹɰҲȴҶؿڡתס˫ۣղųƬ̣֣
ⴹԼĹ˵ǡ
Ҷһӣɫ˿ڿлĻȡδ£ܵ׷֣뷢
ϾӿɻƵơ
Ͼһǰɰشʦ˫˫֣סû뵽ĳһһȴǰ¹⵱һΡ
ҶȻ˫ֺ󸺣۾ζסǵӰ
ơ˫ƹһɡϾ輸˽رƵһǣǺŻȦԽԽС
һ㲻ҪôݺݵʵĽҩ!
һ˫򣬳һɨסΡ
˫ƹһۣӻͳźڻɫӣָ֮䣬һ˦俪ȥ
Χ÷еǰءðѪҽŵ£һʱ÷ֵŴ󿪡
ʧ۽ӵһӰ϶нƼվȦӡȥϢһֻʳĲӥԡ
ҶѸ٣ˣһƿգɽĲлХϺԾ𣬱ܿ
һƣ޴ɱܣǹ޷ڿշأֻó֡۴ʹѱնϡ
Ҷһ֣ƽһת˫ƹ
Ҷһ裬ζϣ˫˸Ӱӣֻˡ
ƽ˫ƹ˿ֻʣϾ߱һɨ˼ǰ˱ŷѪϣϾ赨սľ𳤽סǰбһƴסľģֻأƴ
Ͼʹȫ͵һƣȥס壬˻𣺡ϽһҪš
Ͼӱ͵÷ֱ߽ǣԮͼһӰسܣٶ֮֮һ˲ŷĻɽҽѡ
ϾֻХķ÷΢΢㡣Ա֮˵ļƷ˿ǰʹлȻĴһꡣ
һǰ˸ȫХӰǸߵ꣨Ҷס˫ƹ޷һ֮ץסб˳ʹƽ֮ѧԾ𣬷вǻϣһ˿ĵй
ɰء׷ϳһಡһǰӰ
ҶⲽŲƼ죬Ӿֹɷɡס˵˫ƹٿһۣչ䡣
ĿǰɭȻ
⽫̥˫ַϡ
Ҷӹڱۣ״£Ʊ
⹫ӲԹϢȣ̾һǰƬ̾ͱӷ⣬ǲӵ侲
Ҷ˫Ŀۣס÷ǸɵɫӰָȻɿĸǡᡱһȥ
Ǽβҫ۵⣬嫺ķֱ÷֡
һӿɫ䣬תͷʶһקϾֱۣԱԾȥ
ɫâס˳һҼ磬һϴʹͣⷭʹδЪһƿնᴩ˽βһļ³һֻ˺ѷεʹһ͵֮ϡ
Ͼ󾪣һΣע˳һ羮Ѩغһһ
ƵʹϮһ۾Ժ֮䣬ֻһڶ߻죬ԶԶʯϣݵشһӰ
˿Ǻ¥︡ӰƮƮȻĮĵظӲء
ѣֹԡ
һ۾
ҶתǧѩҪͫʣ⹫˵һ䣺ȥ
һȻ֣ɫԹβԾ÷֡
ҶڸߴԽԽԶӰϾƺԶڵҡǰΡ
ͻȻ÷ɢɫ΢Ʈڳ䡣
΢ȥ÷Ѳ˵Ӱ
Ҷ¶ȣջĿ⣬һ㶢¸翹ϲ

Ͼ˫ֽסһҹϡ
Ա߲ݿСʮ꣬һɫۻ촽ҧðѪһֿסһʹĨȥˮ
ͯû¡дϾ谵Ƶβһͻصؿһ󣬴˵ڲǿ޵ʱ򡣡
㣬ڿջԮôˣϾǰгһѪҲԼ߳Ѫ˿
ͯүʲôۡһ˸ɫӰżʮɫˣѲڻǺʿɱˡ˳һÿɱƤҲգһ¡Һܺ£ҲǺģˮƮ
Ͼʱֻǹ˺ˮһƬã̾һһж⡣˶٣ʵأ
ͯԾСү֪ҴСѧϰԲﲻԲȶţͻȻиɱͶõ
Ͼ迴Цһ£ֻһ˻
ͯŵöǿɴ۾ԵүɵʣϺǶ𣿡
ϾӭŶյĳ磬˫Ŀԣ˵޷Ȱǰޣ͵޷ıִʵҼ޷ȫϵİΣ޷ıʿаɱˣ䲻ɱʣȴҶ
үүǰһֱȰ㲻Ҫ£صϼӣǲ˵ʲôҡͯСͣ¡
Ͼ费˫Ŀ΢΢̾ϢСӾǺãԲһУϲŭ֡
Ŀݣ΢΢սִһµҹ񡣡һ꣬Ҫİȫ
ҹ˻һ̧ǰǰۣСͯľ롣ԶԶأϾ嵭ڷдСͯȥǰõҽҡ

Ͼڳסһǵḷ́ȡµ壬ȭ˵磬Сʸ³õĴס
ĸߴ˵˵壬¶óЦݣ˵ֱաشá
Ͼ輱һȭһϰ𣬿ǰ뿪
Ͼͣһƥͨ崿ѩǰһĨ̺죬˽ý㱥
ڳǰ˵˾䣺
һֻ峵ᡣ¶һؿݲ԰׵һ䣬΢Цŵͷȷá


15.Ե

һоԼƯһƬڰĺУûй⣬ûз磬ʲôûСƺ뵽޾Ԩеʹһֱֱµ䡣
ڱƯĸо
и졣
뼫ػ֫ããȴȫһ˿ֻܴתɲǼ亣ͻ𣬵һʻʵǰػš˫ɡ˫ɡһϲХХȴת䵭ؿųһһ󼱣ؿȴ޷ʩﲻɵô޺ХХǲǲϵˣǲΪԭͲϵˣ
һ˫۽ʪ͵۾
˫Ŀ֮һϻɴʣľ컨塣
һŰתӣһżªĺľȼŵ̴㡣һű۵ıӰԡ
һĹ⵭ƮɢƲסʧתš
ǰ֮תųһºһЦһʲô
һ۾һƽ˵лӡ˵仰Ҳαϡ
ǽ̣ؿųһŵݡ
۰ٱǿ˻ᣬͻִƳĬ
һ˫۳Ĭãϸϸ˼£˼ΪҪ⣺ӣʲôط
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һһ߰˿ɫһбױγĵʡ£۾һһĳӡ
͸԰ʪĿԶŵĺģһһײڳһļ䡣
Ǳ˫֣Ľ࣬һһ߽һ
һ˫ۣ󷽵վǰһ񣺡ӡ
ǲźۼػһڳһԣպö˳һĶͷ񡣡һǵЩɻųһĬĬ
һǵ˫ۣ䳺ףǹž̶һ˿
ܷ̹Ӽ⣿
ǵһЦԣ˷Ƚڡ
һͷԶɽ˵һôˣ
ߵһǰۿųһЦδЦ˵һ֪һǺˣ
һﷺһһʹĿˮӿ촽䶯˼£ȴûзһ˿
Ǿһ꽫ų֮ʱʵμƲʣϾ衣ôһϵô𣿡
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ӶԱа֪֮𣿡
㲻ҵĻһ֪ʲô֪޲ԣ޲
ˬ죬ǲǵȻһҲش֪⣿

һĬ˻ᣬղŵĻʹѾɢȥ˵ͷڳ֮ȥʹɾϽ׷ʲôأ
˫ĿƵĹâȻ˹˵š
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һЩڿջ֮УΪʲô֮ô磬ԭǿջ⻹ԮǱӦֻϧȫ𣬻ӡ֤ˡ벶ȸںǾ仰
ֺͳ̸͢۴ս̸Ŷһۣи꣬ӱаУĸǻƴȳΨһ֮ˡϾ衣
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Цһ£аɽׯĳӣ˸Ҳ飿
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ˮҲԦ࣬ģͨԣ֪֮١ˮҵСһ·ţ䷽㼰ʱȻᵡˮˮڻؼ֮ʱñаɽׯĺͣҲ˳¡ҡֱӳһ˫Ŀ˵˳·
һƿ˫ۣԴϽںδ
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ǿųһĬĲһôˮôôϾһأɽǷȫأ
ˮǼʮĽңǹȰ˵ˮ
ǵ۹⵭ɨԶɽԺˮܷȻһʱ̾ԡ
һɫһƽľګϲŭ֡
ɽ¾ԶӽɣǬӵı߾ˮس֮нľʦʱǾׯİ˰֮ׯ֮Ƕѧ
һĬĬߵһ䣺ӣǸûǹӻǳΪ¶أ
ǱųһϵɫǿõɽŻЦһ¡һЦƺȥůĹߣֻʣ¼ƿɬǡ
һǱѩƽʱ㲻ԭǸȻǧ˿Ƶϵ
һִ۽ǣԼ½°ڣδ̹ӺͶĹϵ
ʦ֡
ԭҩӣѹ鿴˿ʱɾ䣬ȷҽֱʡһĬĬ˼ţ⼸µļ⡣
һοؽܣ
ǹ㲻пĿ߼٣˴˵Ϊ˻ˮ˳УδЩ
أ
һ·ֻӷʩȴ¶ӰȻ߲ͬһϳ֡
ͬһصֵˣշǣɼǵ˵
¶ҽտΪݵ֪ҵܣձ׷֮ʱһ˿Ȼƺȼ֮Ҵֻ֪ܣһһδ⿿ڼͷģһǹ¶
Ǹĳӳճ˫ͫеĹʡһ᳤̾һ¶ҵݣʵǡ
ϰ䣬ֽͶݵҩ£ʵʦҸûмһΣҵҽʦִΪڵġ
˵֮ĬĬվʲô
л̹档һ۾޺ۣ治һ˿ʡ
빫⡣
˵޷
ĺ˵ʬ
šɢʯˮȥ
ҵõа
ǵ˫ĿۣɢŵĹâͬѩǧֵɶһΪͶȫʬ
һ泯ԶɽһЦ޹ؽҪ
ضסһݣ·ѩգ˵ͱ䣺οҪ㣬ֱȥǸã
һעͥԺðһþЦһǵҶ˵Ǹˡ
ǳһԷƱ
ӡҵʦѶҶȥȴһ˴ʶҾǱаеһöӣѣˡұľػţǰѽǰѺҽĽ
һ٣һޱȼᶨ˵ӽǰ֮ȴаɱ¾ӽ˭Ҳߡ

                  
16.

յıذ׶ңԶİƴɽðΡɽ˵ʵɫʡ
߲½ӰھľӰӰ´µ̨ߵ˳Ⱦˣ徻
ųһߵ⣬ȫһƣϯض
һΣ
лӼǹңѾúܶˡ
һȷ˶٣ǲԸصĻͷֱһӣֽ˵ϣһҪȥǱа
һؿǰĻľĬȻ
걻͵޷ҽ®ϰ书ҽСС꣬һһݡһ챻ŴӺһ˵صطŽȥ㣬һվ̫붤дͷηҲи֪ǽл⡣ǲʦ곤һıа
ڳһĽëͶһӰӡһգգܡ
ǿǰ꣬̾˿
ҶԱа˽ⲻʦԣаֽ˫ʧʧܣϽ߳ͨ͢ҪϾ裬Ȼŭ
аɽׯͳ͢Ҳϵ𣿡һͻȻһ䡣
֪һĻб֮ӡӦС𱣻Խİȫһ·ִݡ
ڱаݰɣ
ʵʦһֱ뱣İȫίҾܰ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫա
һĬȻ룬Щٻʣ֪ʲô
ˬһЦûʲôֻǶԳһЩ档ҲĬ˻ᣬ̧˵һ˾綾
ǡ
ҩɽ⣿
ǡ
ΪΣ
നӻϺ˶ˣͬ棬Գһٶ֣ҩɾȡ
ְԵĶҩһǵһ˵ȻܵⶾҲһǰɣ
ǡһ̧ͷ̫˫ĿԣĿԶʮ
𾪲ѵؿųһ
һ΢΢һЦԸá
ΣֻŴг
ǰٶ֣ٳٲһߣ
һ۳Ƭ̣Ϊ޵ؿȥ֪ƺ󲻸ϾѪƲǶҩߵʱ򣬾ͱӷˡ
Ϊİɣǵ˵
һÿɷ񣬳ĬؿǰԵǺܳʱûз
һ
ݺɡ
ʦкˣ
÷
ȥĮ
ʮʱԽ麣Į
ͶˣʦֻĮһǰ롣ֻ麣ɳĮ֮أǰģ
ǳ΢΢ӿųһƽݡ͸ڳһͷһӰɵ֣ƺһӡ
һûж
أһ
ɤ̫ѹֵĿɬһֱ£һͷϵһƬҶȻת󲽳ɽȥ
һ֣ľصߵ۱ǰߵһǣϥ£˫ִϥǰ
洫һһׯƳо
һࣺ̥֮ʪɫɫ롢롢룬ҽ̶֮
һȱĿãͻŴһɤСʩɡ
һǰع񣺡ʦԩմȾ徻޳֮ء
ҽѭһнֻԨԴʩԵ֮ˣ
һüĿ߽
˫ֺʲһƸɮߣü뾡ףüĿ
һڴʦǰ£̧ͷׯΰĴ
Ĳͨ£ֳ˵ӡ̨ϣԶģԶ˼ǧꡣ
ʩÿ˼£
ʦСԻʦָ㡣
ľʦһţƽ˵һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۡ
ʴʦСΪζһ˵ʹõ⡣
Ի֪ǰ£ǡʩǰע֮¡
ʴʦСȥη
ȥȥ
һʹر۾ʦСе˶Զȥһȥʲôأ
ľʦͻȻ֣һ³һͷȻ˵˼ҵϱգδ˻볥ծӣ˳ǰ·ȥһصʱ֮ء
һعݣʱ˫ĿˮǿűˣעſľʦݣʣһʱϾʣһˡҲ֪ΪζʲôƺڳͷҵĴÿδߴһЩˡ
Ҳ֪׺һڰ׾Թ϶ǰÿ˶С糾ɳֻĺˣδĥԲ飬ڿɢ
ʣһˡʦҸôأ
ľʦüųһһȻվ˵
һȥᣬſľʦš
ľʦųһ߹Сɽһϱ֮¡
ʩʲô
ϱ¡
ʩϸ
һעӰΣ漴ִ
һɵĸѾˡ
һ̧ͷϿȥֻ絶һĶϱӰ紵أԿȻ
ʩ뿴ڴˣķ绪¶˼ůа
һվڶϱ֮³˼ľʦȥδ
ľʦƮƮɽѶ£ɽŶٲһµľͿ⺢ӵ컯ˡ

ԯվ
֣վԺݸųǽβЩݺĹϵ
⹫ݸͥԺй۲ΣЩĵġһᣬĮԴæǰβȥ
˴ȣһµķǰ
ƿţֻһʤѩڷڰ˱ǰվλߡ
һ񣺡ϾȻϲڱݡ
ǱаҶ۽ɨһǰֱ˵һ䣺βɲʡ
ɫ৵һ¸Ӳ԰ףƮЩǵ񣬽סƳһۡ
ȷʧûµʵóȻ
ҶͻȻ˫Ŀһ̧ϡ
⹫ͻȻǰһ̧ʩ񣺡ӣһһδˡ
˵
ƽ֮ΪϹֻԷıѣΪ˿أ
Ҷ֧ã῿ϣ˵Ϊأ
ʦֹĿǰľйӵġʴѩӵġȱб˲ŵġ̥ѵƽвܣ
ҶβȴһЦһѡ
ɵעĿ֮ϡ
Ҷͬǧѩһ˿ůһ¹⡣
Ĭ
ųӺ¹룬һ¹⼴֣Բġ
ѩ
ҶͻȻվԼַϷõƽ˸ָǰ
⹫ӳȲ
ǸһҪˣҪʬҶȻĽĿǰӡĿȻ
ƽֻϾҪȥ£Ϊȥսʿ

                  
17.

һĬվԯԽֵӰ
ո磬عۣ̫ӰӻͷһΣûһ˿顣
£˫֣½ţ߹ҵĴתޱسȥ
תһ֣߹Żһ಼̧һŲӵ˽ȥ
һķеĶУ̾صĳСеҲڣȾʫԣĴҺС
һɽʮպڰ಻סϵݡҲ֪аԱиة֮ӣ¾ͺðˡ
棬ڳһһӽݱ߾ԯ󣬴ı֮ӦҲϵһ˼俴Ǻɵĵ̣ϵȵˮӣԥ£Цеĵϰ塣
󣬾ֱĺһҡķ
ȡֵĶķϰ˼Զ׼˵Ŀͷǡɽڣûա˳Ʋϰ塣
һﲢɽӣɽˮͷǵϰ˵ˣʲôûУǮ˻Ƶضȥĺһҡ
ǳһĺķ
һһʵʵһǮĵûڵأѺʱ۾Ƥգһ£Ѻ䣬ʮ¥Ŀͷ˯ˡ
ڶһǴڶķһӶԴҴһЦûˡȻ˴ţйȦط˯
һ磬һ¥
ûߵһ̨ףĶšˣСˡ
ڶͽ˵ǮǲֺҹģԳһʲôʱ涼ġ
һûƵģߵĿͼ˶˹ؽţһǰˣıߣ
һ̧ͷһǵǸôĶͽϾš
˵˵վ߰Ⱥ䡣
Ҷ̧ͷųһ۹˺þõ˹ͷһװֵʮҵˣŶЦӭǣ˷衣
һ̵߹ȥֵһϡ
ԭؿųһϡ塱һһѷұߡ
һ˫޹ǵϸС˫ַһ衣
赹ʢڻյģҿӣ͸һ㡣һͷеؿԵһ蹸üĿ־ٱһڡ
ˣӻƾţЦշڵʡ
һ̧ۣޱ˵Ϲأϰ塣
ϰһ֣ղŷĺºñС˰ǳĬߵǰšׯ֡
һӣݸ˰ǡС
ǽӹ΢ȣųһһۡǰ꾲ˮģƿԣӡе˫۾ϵĺǻҪԣ˿ȴµĮĿ⣬עԼ˫֡
Ҷһ׷׽붪ڡϡ
һӡӣַɿҡһ˫ƽӰǣһ統
顱һӾֹȵؿڰϣ˺ͣˣ쳤ӿŰǡ
һŶδͷβûһ˿仯վԵĲϰ忴ϰˡ
ΪһֽȽİǶһ㱡ϸ촽ͷԼµӡ
ǿС۰Ͱ͵ؿŰǡ
һͻȻ֣¶֡ҵ۹ⶼۼֻϡ
һɾؽҿյһС
Ҷʱˡ
ϰ忴Űǣǵͷ
𣿡һܣ΢Цʡ
Ǵʱȴضϰ˵ϰ壬ȥéޡ
ϰͷǼ߳˷䡣
һϣһš

¥һڣһȫʺŮŶһһεϣøСеָףϻһƿӣЩɫĵޢƿϡ
ȻԵõָף̧ͷǰһЦд˰ɣֵġ
С㣬㿴ô죿ϰʱһſ˿Цݡ
Ůӵ³Ľëеָش˴Ӯ
ϰһŭ޴ӷ𣬿£ֵ۵İǣݺݵһ£С֣ȥ
Ů˫Ŀһ̧Զɽüšһӱɱ磬ŵСַɳ
ϰŵһӡ
СеôŮֺ˪˵Ťſ֫ߵߣļߴ˿
Ӳֻüͷ
һʮƤûգ£ô³㰡
Ҳ˼С㣬㿴Ƕʧ֡
ӡһֱĬİǿ˿ڣˮˣ˿Ʋ
ôֻһѾˣŮȻϣ۲תεεʡ
ƵúܺãҺαȡ衣
ʲô˼
ûӱȴպðˮŪȻǸ֡Ȼˮζڽҿӵʱȴˣ֤һ˴ﲻľܿƱ仯ӡһʲô
ϰԾؿŰǣһ˳վȻʣųơ֡СֶϼˣǸЩľګСֵһ˵ô໰
Ŷ£ֻע⵽ͷе㲻ѰŮȤ˵
С㣬ʲôͷ
һݾǮˣ˵Ϊʲô
ϵ·ԻϦ˫룬ҹӻ
˿ڻĶķէǮΪ˴Ϣ
ҿûͱ˵
ۼ̾ĺʲôûУʲôϢ֪ܲҲõҪ֪ģο죬˶ôɵӣȻǿʲô˵
Ůӵͷ¥µӣתƲƲƤӣڲ˵ˣӮеǮûߣ϶ô򵥡

һǰһʵĳ룬ϿûкܸˣȻƽڵϡһѣ
һһֱ˶ﺰ˻ߵİ۾ųһǰǳ룬˵
һ̧ͷ¶˴΢Цϰ壿
¥ϵŮϿţƵؿڣԭڵ֡
ۣԶԶˣж֣
Ůӵͷ϶˵ǡΨһǶģĵҵѣȻܵˡŴ˫ֻҪõĶСסˡ
㣬ĪֻֿӰص㡣ֻҪǧûʤǵ˵
ŮӻعͷĿݵϹһ˿Цôû
Ǳ͡
ҪҪģ˭Ӯ
ôô϶һӮ
۲һתԳԵЦԽǿһԽǲ򵥡

һֶĵƾţġ
ϴƣòʵӦׯȿһȿӡһȴǫǫһչ֣ϰ壬롣
Ӻ΢΢һ㶡漴Ӷ˳ȥ
˵ĺеתڼ֮ͦʣһشء
عͷŰǣ̧Ƥӵ˵ˡ
ׯңơһƣǺ2ƣһǰǺ8ƣһЦһƽ
ֵƶѣȡڶơĿضסһõƣһ˻
ȡƵʱ򣬳һسǰ¡̧ͷһ۶棬ֵı϶ðһκ飬ﰵЦ񲻶
ֿŰǣޱ˵̫ˣ塣һֵۣ˵֣϶ʱȥԱߵŵƣû뵽ҲǵƵλãҺпܣ˳ֳưͿ֣ԼȡƵʱͿΪΪ
ֽץסŹƣָؽͻ𷺰ףϸŲƣͷһؼŵϱôţڿһ۵2Ƶĵҡ
ƣ9㣬ǶԵ
亹乣Ƿϵصϡ
һִһ磬ط棬2ź8˫ƣ΢΢һЦ
¥ĳҲݸһЦǴ۾˶꣺˲򵥡
ǵߣ۾¶絴΢Ц΢Цڰ𪽿ĵϼȻţһӯӯĺɫڻ
ֻ˵װװ䣬ϲ
ƺеԾؿų㡣˺ôһᣬ˵ղƶϵĻСǧַָŷ硣

                  
18.̽

Ǳһ뵽¥ȥġ
ôͽǰܾ֮ôܵ磬£ľݣȻǺõġ
Գһ˫ַϵĲյüͷһ壺۹Ĳ裬¶ڣȴ治ɫһڣӵʲôˣ
һ秵ԣƤסЩط²豭˵Ұɰɡ
ɽڶֻ֣벻աǧַ˭ͣ
һЦһ£ʵˡ
ӱֱͦţ˫£У΢̧ƲĽǧַҺͰǲ
֪˭
յһֱ߰ǣ˵㲻ϵ
һĬĬؿ棬ƺЩʲô
һת˵˵ɣҪʲô
˾䣬һ¶΢Цϰˬ졣
ߣͽôǶһƲƲƤӣЩмؿųһ
һ뿪λֹ˸
ڴ˼䣬׾ӼƲߣްͻ֮⡣Ӯ֣
ӳһ䡰ߡһⷬ˵Ȼ˲٣ϻ
£²д󣬵ӻǿԴճģպκҪ󣬰ҲһӦһϿҵؿֵ۾Ŀ˿
ôҪպǷҪҹһֲҪϱ鵭Į۽Ƴ档
˵޷
ֻһΪͽ
һ۽ǣ˼չпܸǰ֮˴֣֮ӦþΪȫ
áһ⣬һڴӦ
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ҪҺһʦ
һԥ£ȻЩ޿κε˵ðɡһ£ߵ
ʦԸ
һƤߣһѽϻƣи
һϸϸض֡ϸţϽۻϷɫأƵƵͷ¶ŵ۹⣬ľȻ
һɫ¶΢Ц
ʦԾĹôִʣȻ֪ﳬšķΧ
ҪˣʦǲݡһűЦݣƽȡ
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һ˫Ŀ΢עǰյ
Сؿ۳һݣɵ˵ʦҪĵղɡ
޷պ㡣
˺һʦҪ𣿡
һչһЦЦͱҡҷĻ塣ֿĿЩ룬ǰĿ١
ȥһǷ紫˵аһɱ󣬾ٶڶ

ųݸͬЦúϲ£죬ƺʮеϲ¶춼ײˡķֵؽЩȴɫԻˣô
ιʡ
֮͢ӦԹӴҸ齣˶ЩѾͷɵ
˵ͷӦʡ
ͬſЦЦһᣬͻȻָп˵ǺԹͬӲźͷԹӻƫƫԹһǫάΪ֪лἰġаһΪǸӵ¡˸õҵȥˡ
˵꣬سǰȥ
ֵͬ۵ӰڸͥԺѵ˲ɵλʱһ̧ͷ㿴˼ڼɽԵӰ
ǰһʵƶ꣬ԱߵѩεĹӣĮݿ
ͬһ飬С鲽ǰ񣺡λӡ
΢΢һЦ𡣡
ͬΡΡվ¹һۣŵöͬɵõͷִһ쬵Թӣ
ͬ΢΢̧ͷλ۳Ͷ٣СϢ
֮УͬӲͷƤЦ˵Źͣռѵһòˡ
áǵ̽ӿڡ
ͬһɣֲλǰ͵͵úֻ΢ֱֱ
ҪһλӵİšԹǰһְֵشڶֱͬϣöͬһ󼤶ػش𣺡ǡ
˺þã̧ͬͷֻԶԶȥӰãȻŶӣ˭Ӱ

ҶƮƮѩһͥԺߣβ漸ˣಽ
ڸԶļӰԶԶ
Ҷڶΰݵ޶ãȻǰУϵĮһǧ·ϲİѩ
һתǣٲϽҹ粽빫ԡ
ǡɽ
Ҷתǰֻعͷ𾪡
ɫԹӴʱҶվ΢Ц޷˶٣ǰıаĮ΢Ц˵鷳ҶˡҪúдˡ
Ҷؿ˹һۡ
Թɫó۵л⡣̧ʩһЦ˵Ŀǳ֮ס飿
лԹ΢Цش
⹫ϸϸעԼҹӣϲû¶κɫĬϵĹ׷ʣ˿϶
һֱͼҸͣô˶ս֮ҪƸЩֶθżҸǰɫĮıаûоٲ뿪֮⣬ԹҲƢվ΢ЦҶε֪д̣
Ұ֮أ޺ҶĿעͥһð߲Ĵ
ԹЩȻؿȽ̤һƽ˵Ҽҹӵ˼ǡȻһ·϶С鷳һθɾһ򾡡Ҽҹð빫ϣŻһж硣
⹫һϯ˵ԹȻȴװס

ҶһƧĽбβϡϡż
һһϣϲϺȻǿ֦ҶïŵԽȫΧסλվݸԺ֮䣬Ķ۵ףǸ߶ЩԶ
ȫһɫ¿㣬͵͵ط֮ϣһǶϵһƬҶ
ԶԶҶȻǰһƺҲҳδȵǰס˺ָ׶һ˿
⹫ϯһһֲ©˶䣬֮⡣
ҶǿݸΪ˱ӦУΪ˱¶Ŀꡣ
д֮ʱԹӹԹԵزܶΪӦǰӡ
һ˼ת뵽˼⣺
Թʮа˾ǼðģΪͷβҶûǹȫ
ҶЩˣܲ˵ʱ䲻ڣ⹫Ӵԣ
лƾл֮ӣͨٳϵ
λӶҶ׳ƳҶͷ
һ뵽ͻȻЩ亹䤱ĸоΪҲע⵽Ҷƺ֮ͣһۣǽŲû뿪ƺġֻصúãҶò⡣ǵ˵һ仰
аֽ˫ʧʧܡ
Ȼһǰıаʼˡ
ֻųһߵĿյأժһƬкõҶޱؿУ߳һһ
һͨ㣬ȻһҶӲݴƬҶֱһ㲻ܲҶֱϣ
һƣ˿ڣѪҺ
ҶĿʼϰѩһƬ
ָ֧дżƬҶĴϸϸĦ˻ᣬȡƬҶּ䡣
һᵽɤ
ҶƼҶӵ˳ȥȴǷΪȥͬҶֻشصضһЩҶ
ҶԳһķ򣬺ȻһЦ
һ׵ػһЦȫϵ
˿ڣҶְ磬һϸϸĺߣĸȻͬʱһ£Ҷߣİָ׳ơһ㾪衱

                  
19.

ҶЦݻûǣˣ˵һá
Ĳɽж֮ɰϣȴԾԺ֮⣬վ
һһҶʱһһɫӰЮŷƺХ֮Ϯ޴ɱܣϺӲӲһơ
ƷɰظߴҲشصض£Ȼվ
Ҷ˫Ŀһһâӹ˫վ𣬡һƷǿôһȻʮɹ
һϿУһܣ˿յ֮ϡ
ֻ֨ѽһžһľȻص
ն֮ʣҶƬҶӵһǰ
һһͷֱֻͦӱֱվڽֵ֮У˫Ŀݣǰıа
Ҷۿǰ꣬۾۹¸Ҷᶨž̶۾ı飬סһ΢Ĳƣ仨Ʈˮ棬˲䲻
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷڶƿ
޴һԷֽ֮𰳯䣬һ¹ɭȻ֡
һ¿ѣֻֻѵĺշ¶תɫ½ڷƮ衣
һҶ³֡
һֱҶݣ˵ǡ
Ҷ۵׵ŨŨӿȫŹڵɱܲգ̾Ҫ
һ˰ԵɱǰȶΣ˫ĿһֻҶɭɭ˵á
һ۶ס棬ȫ¼žĮƺԶɽ塣
Ҷ΢̧磬ϵƽȻһԨƿն
һԵĽ泯һȥһɫӰͬʱˮӹһ
һһáӼת˫𣬽ע۽ƳתȰİӰݵֱü䡣
һƽ¹ҫ㺮ǣ𽥳µĺɫ
һйȥ˻λãվ
ҶĿ⣬һ룬Ȼһ¹⳯ǰһƴĺݰػǰ
ҶһɨһƽƽġｭɽһϮµĽӰ
йȥе˶ˣҶһʽͿɱţһȴ޾ɫֵڶоͻɫֻء
˵Ӱһ𡣾޴ķƫƧСӵá䡱죬ڷнסţ϶һ˷Ѫģ
ת֮䣬˽ʮС
ҶĿԽԽ䣬˿δֻǡĽ첻Ӱÿһʯǽ赣沼ǳһĽۣƵƸﱡ
һŴɫˮе¹Եģ¼ŵģ³ɽ侲ǿϡ¡ǰɭɭȰӰһܲ͸Ľϱ˴Сһļۡ

ڳһͱа֮ʣ⹫תԸԹӻظ令
Թ΢΢һЦԸ򶷲İ㣬˫һ£񣬾ٲﳤȥ
һԾվڸǽ֮ϡ
ɽԾԾԣͻȻ⹫΢΢ҡͷεطվ
ԶԶأһɫӰԶڷɢڼ۵ķУҡԽԽ죬嵽֮ǰվ
һԵУǵɫӰϴһ
ҶȻΪغɨĺգȫȻײڳһؿڡ
һ͵͵زҺһӱ𿪵ɿ⣬һ·εѪ顣
зķ˿䣬Ҷ纮˪Ϣš
һƽңңָʮСοȻŽѵµѪ飬һеˣƴӰڤޡ
վڱаƺЩǣʩٳɵ˵
ɱдҶ
ڵϵĳһ˿ȴþȫڵһģһԾӳȥ
лʳһ̵Ƴ
һϴ˿̵һ¶ֻŴ飬αƺͻǰۿ˿ҧһɳ졣
ʱһҲʵʵء顱һڵϣ볯£ֽճȭ亹乣ƺܾ޴ʹࡣ
Ҷվڳһɿ⣬ĿЩ̵ϸųһϵÿһ顣
һֻøаһһӹ⣬ʹޱȣóӶͳֲɿ¹⣬εضڵϣֽͻʯ·ץŤĿ⣬ǧɽź嫴󺣵İسǰ֮ˡ
ǿҵǵضƺҶɡ
ҶƱ͸Į֮⡣
غͳһĿӣ˿ת۾ŵϾεƽϢųһܲסءһͷеСޣŭȴֲѡ
ʹƣڷɢ
Ҷͫƹҹڱһ˿¶ȡ֪˫۾˫ֱ۾Ӵ漣ӡϡ
ɽһۣﲻɵü˸
ĬȻΣҲ֪Ǻθ룬ֻһȻɣһ
⡣Ҷס
⹫Ӱ̾һǰӽִڳһϣһ̽վΣ̧ҾӣôǸý֮ˣȫʬɡ
ҶĿһգգϽأһΡתȥ°ڴһ硣
ĮضųһμãĹԣŰ㿴
ʰ¹⣬΢̧ĬĬظУָ䴫һĺ̾һһֵβȥ
İĽԾһѻĺ£ǰһɽʯ᾵ҷظڣںѹѹĺɫԵ
⽫һƽһƫƧʯϣ룬ֽ¹ԣְ̧ݣԵ֪ʵ¸Ҽ֮ˣҾعΪˣʽ¹ͻϣ¹⣬Ȼߡ

ķһһŭţתۼͮܲգڳҪѹءһᣬ׷ѩ
ѩëŷŭı磬ŲָĺڰҹաϵĻѩԽԽһʱ֮ԯױҺĹʡ
ѩµüʱҶջĿ⣬οյ񻨴ǰĿؿǰˣ˵ѩ޷𹥡
⹫ӻһͷԯݸϮ׿ǵݻֿԯݸֻճȺĹӣ˭ǣأ
ⲻ΢΢ü
ҶĿתƺԤ֪һ㣺Ĳ˭ֻҪסҾС
˭ⲻɵ׷ʡ
ҶĮ˫ͫסУɫ˵һ˭ܽӵʮУ
ѩӣʵкˡԵϸϸãҲԵ˭˲
ҶĿǰƽϣ˵
ʾ
֮ڽ
ɽݺὭʮؿͳһֺ֮
֪һֱڹ¶ƽ˵˾䡣
ҵĲһ
ӵ˼ǣ
ͬ˵һ仰
ˡ
ҹ仹ݸ޺
˲̧ͷǰݣӳİѩƱֲ⣬ұȰѩᣬ
ҶȻƽĮϴʱ򣬾ǰɱʼʱ򡣡


20.

İѩŴأҹɫݽֵϣŵһҲûС
ѩƺ޹˼ůҰ£ռ˵ʯϡ
һ˺ҧײһһ뺮ֶ֮ҰŲڳһڣںصĺ䣬ʹһ۾
ѩųһȫ̧쬵Ƥ޾񷣬૵ХΪʣˡ
һ֧뿿һĹϣͷ鿴˿ڣؿڵĽ˱ѩڸǣˮ˳Ź̵Ѫ˱ӣҰããһƬҶһƽɾͣ˱ţƺҲдʹְסѨλ
һһֻʶָı֮¶΢Цңң¹Ȼڡ
ϵ΢Цδʣǰ׷Ĵѩڳһ֮ϣ˲伯Сɽ𡣳һĿ͸Ʈѩʦʱ˵һ仰
ǸŴѩĶ죬һɫǿعѩ֮УʦĮ˵˫ɣΪ㲻ֻһ´һ˫˫֣עǸͿ౼
˼ˣһЦһҧҧؿվܺϳسǵ·ѩȥ

ҹͥԺˮ֮д֮ƹ硣
˫վͥԺ֮УӢϷİ԰׵ɫʡ΢΢ͳڸ˫ĿĽ֮⣬ڳ˼һһڵʲô
ۣշʣս׼ҩɢ֮ʱص㣬־ȻԼĳһս۾Լʧ󣬿ҲںͲ˰ɣ
УӰƬҡΡ
ҹͻζͬʱɽǣűӵľʸС
۱סǻ΢ȥͻȻһֱ֧ĽͶԵĻԡ
һӰӦƬ֮䣬˽С
ǵӰƺһסشϢ۾ּƵĶߣ˿˿⣺Ȼˡ
ҹ˶ڵϣƳڵ棬ЩֵضһһӰӡ
ûжЦֳеĶ̽ǴڸֵͷԾô򵥣Ȼֻ뵽ûɢԻˡ
󣬶ӾȻ޷ԶҪƮҶһѴ
ϻŹң⹫ӰŻ¸ɢĴ֦̿Ҷ·ɣ
׹һн϶»䡣
ҹ˵ӳһöӣγֻⷭһתԾ˱̽ɾ䡣
ڿžɫʣڹ¶žݸϿգͥԺ
ŵӵһԵĽӹǰѸƺƴȫͻϿ书һۡ
󾪣æζΣովȣһָѨáȻһÿĽһУԭĿҡ
֮΢΢Ϣת
һۣҧ̻֮ϧӱһᣬһôȥʱһѸǡ

Ŀһϣ̤ԯȥ
ţֲֵ߽ͥԸȻ߹˳ųͥԺ
ץסһ½ѯʡ
ܲĪŭ⣬Щηػش𣺡ͥϢ
һ˦֣תͥȥ
令ˡʿЩżͺ
ţһ·ǰСߵмͥԺ֦ټͥԺһĵҡ
ǰס̧Ҫȥ
ڴһŮӵĽԼԼػ֮.ӡ㡭ӡŽ壬ǵֻˣġĻ
ס񣬵Ҫ档
һĮȴ˿Ƶ
Ŷվ΢΢סİӰ¹һƬк͸Űֵ˻ƵǷϣ뵵ʪζ
˵ִǵ侲ǹ૵Ů
΢΢̧ͷŻƵ˫ᣣɴһƬ̵飺һŮӨһǰüۿȴͬĵèŤţж϶³Ĵӡ㡭 Ůƫƫ޷ֻŰ
һǣҶ볨¶֮°Ƥպ˿һ⻬аذӽ䣬˿ӣǷаִ֧֮ϥǰ٬Ů¼⣬üĿĹ⡣
һϸоЩˣ漴һ˿Ӻʱεأϰס˿ͳ˵ˮ֦̿͡
˵ҶĿⲻ䣬䡣
ڲϣи͵Թӡ
һʱû͸ҵĳأֻһ³ҪԨ
ѵ˵ʲô亹΢ϸϸ˼
ᡣ÷ƹ˺ܾãһظ
δ֮ʣִôͼŮˡ΢ûһ˿ϧ
ǳƱӣͷԵڴ֮䡣
ǰĳƺŤøӼˣֻ˺֮Ůһߵʹһ߷޺ħˡ
顱һһӨĹӰ䣬ƫԡ
͸ͬʳϻɢĳ̬
ͳüĿȵһ񣬴һ硣ؾŮ壬˫ֻӿ
Ҷ£ۣ⵽䣬üĿİһתѩաǰ˫Ŀϡ
ƽںɫУϵĽɰ֮䡣
ҶĿͻȻһݣسƽػһȦʱҵӰԡ
ϳĸо䣬Ҷ˫Ŀڽϣϸϸ鿴ʯ֮䣬Ǵ˸ӰĿһƬ⣬һԯݼۣ֮һХ͸˻ڳããҹա

һؿڵʹɿӹѩǵܡˮһº裬ʱʧڷѩ֮С
ֽסһڵĹŽֳȵذȥϺɫۣ֮ѩֽ̧ȥߣȴǴڻСεԶԶĺɫڰ֮Уѩ֮࣬β
һĺķ䣬һԾΪɵľ¥㡣ķѩߵһ䲻ķǰһߣš顱һ󿪡
һҲ棬ȴǳȵС֣ӡ
μιڶķ⡣
һ֮УᲽķһ㡣ķȻƻİУڵŴմ²ˮؼȺ֮С
һƬͷϣһȵ֣Ƕסһ˵ĺ죬Уߡ
ǳλعͷһ԰׵ɫӨĺ飬΢΢Ծ֡

ԯڲݸƻͨԯݸԺ䣬Ǹ߸ҵյĺѩȴ޷ǲŨŨ⡣
ҶһϮ£Ŀ价Ⱥ
κ˶ó˵似˫ƥɢݺ⡣ܸͷΨֲһɱ۹ͻԼ
⹫Ӵ˿ɫҲΪأڹ಻
опɷ֮£Ҷ޳ڵϳΪһӰòĮؿڡ
һºڽĸսս߳һС̧Ҿӣ֡Ϻҹܲӿ͡
δ䣬Ҷβȴ浹£Ϣ
ڵĺͳٻˡ
Ҷ˫Ŀǰˣ˵˼ͤķ
Ķͬ亹ֱʱæزǰӣֻжķҡ
ͬҳöĵ˸˵Ҷ񲻶ǰ
!ţͬżöѼɤֱл
ȻҶǰһ˵ͷɵ߳ƺŲŲվüԶ
ղһֱ˵֪鲻ĺҸһὫ𣿡Ҷضס˫֣һһٵ˵
ŵһֱɪɪǾþս˶ƲԼĿ־塣
Ķķļң
ءӣĺķ
ķʲôҶһֱţͻȻּ˾䣺نˡ
ݸƺйĹӼݵ
ʲôİˣ
һӺһꡣ
˵
Ӵ˰ȾƵĲϾţհǮˡ
Ͼʲôˣ
ֵཱིСҺá
زϾݸ£
ǣ޽Ժ
ҶĿضסСϡɱˡ
Żڲͣʱͻǰ鲻֮ˣ
ӣҵʱ֪ᷢʲô°ż˻гķռӮǮѰ֮°
ҶĿһ̧Щҧססڡ
ϸ˵
Ҳֵͦģñ徻⣬վȻת̣Ӯš
˭
ķĳͣȴһֺƾţֻǴƾֻӣǳ䡣
ĵƾţ
һƾţǰӡ
ҲӮô
ǵģѶķ̨ӰǶƿˡ
ǣ
ǵϸС红ͯǽǡÿׯӮ
ǸӮ˰Ǻţ
ǵġ
ϸ˵˵ģ

                  
21.˵

⹫ӽŹӹһһ۵ȣͥˮ֮ء
̧ͷ¹Ŀֻѩ֮УӵȰѩ䡣
һһѩƮ䣬δɢڹϣɢС
ˮһƬãֻйɴյڷѩҡ
ӣˡ³ç٣ǷѰңŹվѩãڹѯһ䡣
⣬ҹʧʱǷҶʣһƽĮ
ܡ
Ҷ泯ѩӰԵɭ⿴ķӿһĻȡ
Եǳһ
⹫Ȼ̧ͷӺǵӰòңӣôܣ
ҶĿҹգ˵һû
Ӻγԣ
֮У似ṦǿҶߣмˣ
⹫ӵͷ
Ƕķǳһթȡƽ
̽һ磬ȷ⹫ӽؿ˵һ䡣
Ҷת⣬ϲһ˿顣
˵֪ӹҵһѪƣһԿ϶ǣһǾͲġ
һҶµˣôʮеʱ򿴼ɫ䣿
ϸ˼˻ᣬֵȷˡ
ԭй̽ҡҶ޲޼˵꣬ͻȻ֣һȵƷХȥƾӨµĵȻһ֣ۡ
ͻƤæС˵ӣô£
ҶؿڵſУͽַɹȻ߳û޷󵽺ôȣԶķһǳһȻϢȥ˶֮أسһҲˡ
һգ֮̽ϢŲϾ֮£ƶϳݸд̣ŻҽһƳԭΣһ̽ҵĹ˼ƻñ˵ͽС֮ض
Ҷ˵ʱ龰Ŀ͸˿˿⡣
һݸֱӵĿǵ֮ǰϰһƽһֱ֣ĹơһʮƴеӣĿľʹﵽһ롣ҲҶðһɱĹǵɫˡ
һ֮һҸ׽Ĳ֣ҵ˱ȽϤ˺ȻҾңҲƽ
Ҷ˫ĿһЦ˵øһҴ˹žһս㣡
⹫е㵣ǣǹӵ˵أ
⹫߽һСĵ湫ѩ
ӣмδӴͽ̡
˵
Ͻںδ
ȥӦȥˡ
令Ƿȫ
ǡ
令
ȻǳһǱһЮ˰
ķ˭
ϣ˭ֵǮ
֡ű֡С֡֡С
Ǻžˡ
ȻŵؿŹӣò̫ˣ
ҶĮضѩգ˵֮
˫С֣ǡж֣
һ㣬СƾΨһŮߡ
Ҷһû뵽ǣһѨڶн⿪Ȼ
ԣڷѩ֮Уɫ԰ףһ
һ̧ţѾȫӲ

Ҳû뵽ԼƮƮ˶ʮأʱȻʦҷظΧѩ׷ɣصװ׹ᾡ
ʦ԰׵ɫ˫ͫݳӣôҲһƻıаƱˣ
ɻתĿһֱڳһϸϸһôܲ죿
ֻǳһ˿ԵرʹĬĬرڱʯϣſڡ
ʦּһ۾಻סڵ
һҧ˿˿һЦˡ
ֵɴ۾ȥʱݸһȺŪ
һǿЦЦ
Ǹĳһֽضųһۡ
Уҽ
ʦ롣
һĬĬؿѩƽؿ˿ڡ

ҺСʱȥò׳꣬ڴѩ·ҪʱһҺܺõСӣɾůЦݣΨһܺķøңôĳ
ұʦѧɱ˵Ľ˫ҽʦ麮ʹСҽҩ֮Уκεı޴ˡΪѧĶעûΪһָԴڣһģʮʱһ˴Խ麣ĮΪ˾һ˵Ը¶ҩˮ
Ϊ˱ҳ𲻶ϵɱˣΪ˳ͷңһֱ
Υа߷˹ƶȥ֮ǰͰ⣬һҪùƶȥҺ֮ǡȻҲ²ǰ㣬ѪҵĶѪҽҴ
һ;һģһ꣬ҲǾ˵ˣĳƾ֤ǸϾ裬ǰѽڵƽ

£˫֣ǿһͷ۾ŵؿųһΪһȥƴȥ
һĬ
֪аǸˣֻǵĸףͰŶˣϻ˭Ķ֣˭ҵزһ˵ܹҩǽǲǱɣôôأ
һسųһʣ۹Уʤâ
һ΢΢סΣһ˵һ뵽ǸһûκιҺõˣ;ĿȲ壬ҹǬϲֲҪľʦ㻯ңΪ˶ǰԩҳɣʣ޼ΨƤҡ
ؿǰüĿˮ꣬أϸء˺ܾã˵

˵ҵļҲи˵Ҳʦһ
ǮиСŮ˾һķˡ֪û䡣ǸߵСȻ̤˶һƬһƬۼˮƽϢѡΪ˵ֳ׵ն˫ͳۡĸŮΪǸ֮𣿡С˵ʣһʱһѪ⡪

һ٣ֱӳһƽʣһǸŮ𣿡
һ˫ĿգŴһ˿һֱ΢΢졣
ֳ̾һҲ֪˭ȥҵĹȥһ㡣һ¸ңһüǿ˵ʯԣıС΢ܳߡ˵ԭ㡣
ִ̤뿪³һһĬĬ
ֵһ󺮷磬㼣ܿѩ֮СһһɫĴţȴһӡڼżŰѩ֮͵ĸļ䡣
˵и꣬һ˷սǿ˵ʮһˡ
˵ǸڵǰžŹƴζץӲĳʯ֣Ҳϵͷ 

Ĵ¡ѩһƬãԶպǺϣȴиļ紺ĵطɽׯ
ɽׯϡ浹Ӱׯڴ޺ۡӭĺŨŨĻ㣬һƬ糺죬ɽ컨Ӧȼ
ǽӵްĺʵͦü޴չ
ÿ궬죬һҶ麮ɼֻɽׯ⴦ůĺϾе˶ˣ깫ӵɫӲ
ǵĳӶסɽһǣ۹·ǧ˿ư㳤ҪԽ͵֣⡣
ŹƴĲͷ۾͵ץס˽ԵƲסĿһһϣо﷭ʹɵúһ֣ů紺ľɫһ⡣

                  
22.ʦͽ

ԼҹԤϵǰ㣬ĺķˡ
⹫һɫγĵݳŴվѩ΢ĿﵭƮϲƵ˿С
ϰ壿ѯǰ൫ȻЦ֮ˡ
⹫ӼݵĺԣһҲйӭ֮⡣
һƱڴŷµسţĹ˭ĺÿΣ
⹫Ҳ֪л֮ӣĴӵл⣡
ÿһŮС
ͷһ춷Ůش¥ϡüߣ۾ϹлӪģ
С㡭
ܿأ˾Ĭϵطֿ·
欵߳ķʵĺʪ΢ۡɫؿˣ۹һɨ䡣
ѩϣ뻮һݺŵİʿѩ׵ף˪Ŀìꪣ˿˵㡣ڱǵѩˮǰл΢Цɣʿ˿
Ȼ˺պġѩӰ۲ԡ´磺֪һ
⹫˹Ҿ̹
ҵһ˪ѩָסһƷ˿ĬĬؿ⡣̣޽ģ֮ǰ
İ˶ΪǰŮòѾ浾֮ʱͻȻĿһɫӹƣ˵л⣬㵽кιɣ
ⲻ̧üĿ΢Цݸ֮׽Ҫ
һƬž
һմȾ˹ӵϰº͵³֡
ʶ
С֡
ˡ
֡
֪
⹫Ȼº͵ЦţֻЦЩ⡣̧ü壬ƽؿڣǾ̹һˡ
ôǽǱаɽׯݸԺЦš
⹫ƽӳ㣺ҼҹǰͲճˡ
չһЦĵȡƵһޣžһѩﶶ޻ǰ
ΪǸħҶҪС
һҲ΢΢ɫ
˿ԸߣѣҪˣһ˫Ŀǰתͣ˲ϰϡ
ţֻӣ˭̤̤ĺһɱۡ
ϰЦеһܹʥͳ̼ҵķɷƳɵıҵȻҪš

Ҷԯյ֮ϣ̧ͷĿգһڡ
дĴһֻɫźӥһȵͣҶұ֮ϡ
ȡĽŻٵһ־䡣
ҶɫӹһƬ⡣
ж۵ˣ鲻ĳһԽԽˡ
һѩĬĬ߽ڹ
ͶҶתƶض⡣
΢΢ףֻĺĻϰ塣
ͷСֻǳˡ
̧׿Źӣɫ϶ЩԾ񡣡
Ҷһ֣ӥա߽ʱŲƯȻɡֲѪĺӵܣֻ޷ɱˡ
תס⹫ӣһ٣ϣҲɱŵֻһǾǳ㡣
⿡ӿһ˿˿ΣЩ˵ڲò֮ԡ
Ҷһۣһ
µĺӣһʱ֮Щ޴룬һֱաӵĻش־سӵ˼ǣ
ҶݳֳİĮâһ¶Ȼ֡
ӴʱҪ¶ʲô

ΪԹӵ£
ס׼֡
΢΢̾ϢÿἰӦеʱӲԸ˵λǸĹӣΪ档
ôó̹
Ҷ忪Į˵˵Ĵ֮УҪš
ͷˣԼﻢµľ棺ӾԲɱģԼҲôΥӳʵջ𣬿ֻܵȹ¶ˡ
⡣΢ĿӿϾڼ֮ңԵᡣ
ȥžսǡ

ֵշĵ뿪һԭġ
һķڵǿҷߺޣһҲǳһ͸㲻ҪңΪעǼƮ㣬ֻҪ㲻ģû˿óǡ֡Уңȥݵһ꣬һ겻Զȴ
վ÷߿ƽ
ϵƣϵӰܶǷ磬Ǳһôһ䲻Զأпܵȥ˵пֹͣǵޱ𺳴ڹӡôƵᣬ޺أ
Եһɫ糣뿪ʱһعڳһǰʦ
һĬȻΣעǰӰһ踺͡
ʱֲ֪ʱĳһĳȣѡĺͰԼΪαڼϡ
СΪˣ
һΪĵ׵ĳŵˡ
һ֣С˷¶ޣҹ̡
ԶԶؿųһӰʦϳɣ費
ѩ֮У淽򣬳һͦľֱֱѩ֮Уʹ಻塣
֮У̹ǣһȻĬĬءڵҹҲڸǵӰңԶᶨ
ÿֶƴ׷ǵ⣬ǵӰӡԼƣͷɥʱһ̧ۣʦǰº͵ʣô
ĥĥ־ĥˣֽ֣ԽʦͬһԶɽݰꡣ
̧ͷһ£һȻֵվԼȥ
ذ˹ȥֻǸƽʣôϢ£
ʦ
һ־ƤæһָֻѹѹҰɣʦҵ
£˫֣ƤЦؿųһ
ȥ
ݡ
ȥʲôֵЩ١
赹ԡһƽ˵
ֶס˳һݣɫѲһЩ˿ܿأʧˡǻô򵥰ɣ
һÿɷֻĬĬ·ԡ
ʮɱ֮أƺݾģһ鷲ˣȥﵽʲô
ֵ۹һֱųһ˫Ŀתһɫ糣
Ҵӱаӳ˵غƫϡ
ǺͰɺθɣֲ˽ơ
ҾöӣȻ֣ȴǱСһ·ԵҰݣʵһƽ
ͻЦЦƷ磬΢΢ҾۼƣһƬ죬󲻿ֹЦֹ˰ˣʦҲ·ϡ㻹װͿڳ˳ܡ
ݺݵȥ۽ǵһᣬִҶȥ
һ̧۾纣ڣȴʲôû˵ʲô⡣
һᣬִһͳ硣
֪һʮ꣬ڱаɽׯĵص̼ҹֻϣ񣬰ͷ֮ա
һؿ˿ڡ
˶ˣ񵽵ʲôǿԲѡߣУӲġ
˸ǿ书ôӲ
һǿ΢ЦޱȣЩȴ޷˵ڣһ·֣һüѿɬУѵҪ˵ңΪ֮ˣаһס㡣㱻ܣһӲôһһֱ΢΢̾Ϣֻ¶ɵЦݡ
רƫƧС·ߣΪʲô
ֱ죺ǵ˱аֵķɱ
˵һ־ͱΧ׷͵İɣӵĵ𣿡
ԣ㲻Ҫƽ϶ԭġ
һסĵ׵΢ƽˮҪꡣ
ųһƬ̣ת߿ﻹһֱˣˡ˺ԶĻƮִһ֮˽һǷˡһһ˵ʦҲˡ
һĬĬվ֣Ȼ·ԵݲݡڱѩĶգΡΡشӰѩ̽ͷƬССļҶӡ
΢΢̾ϢһƼ·ֲݣշת糾ĵУϾԸǿߡ˵˭У֣ѵ㲻֪
ֲĵվǰ濴ųһһ˹ȥ
˼ƻ
š
˵ɣҪʲô
ңȥ
ֳԾضųһʲô
Ͼ衣
أ
ǱӪ
УҪȥһȥ


23.

ѩˮŢɽɻƵ·棬һоС̤㣬ֲͻһԨ
һǰУһԹص
ǱǰӺպĴκ̣ͷۣ̺ʵȾ硣һƬڼ׵ѹѹɽ
̧ۿִǰеСˣﲻɵð档
ھӪιʱһۿСֽţŵݣԶ״򲻶һµǱʣԵʱͺԥˣΪͯ
ϵĽǶȿȥɵ˫ָָڲ԰ΣԿϰļ
ôԹоֻĬذδף·棬ϰΪһȡ
תľګĿѯʣˣ

̧ĿӣŲãƵȺɽͼ쵽ԳϿ
ſ³Ųסˡκһ̾Ϣ
ɳĬػǣǰУ±ѩһǳһŵû㱳
˿֪ͱߣǻ֮лԺ
˻ᣬɵ
о֮˽֪κͦͦʶؽӿڡ
Ǻԭأ
ɽƶϡ¡
Ĭκȴ΢΢һЦСֵܣ˵òô
ˡɿʽһ䣺ѩӰӪǰԳϿΪΣ
κ˫Ŀݾۼϣ֪Ĳٰ
ÿźˣھս֪һ
κ˿ɵĺ󱳣һ̾ϢഫѩӰӪѵѡڶҶӣг֮̽ѡС̺⣿
Ŀǰƽ˺αԷƱǰԹЧӪǧ֮гȡϽ׼Ҳȡ
κһЦź죺벻ҲκӪ֮¡
˵ֻȳСڳ棬Ԯ֮
Ŷ
ʱڽҽҼѱбԭ֮ºͶغ񡣡
ʲô
ڽҪͷһҩʹ֮ȣܴۡ

ǣ֮ʱô
ɵ˼ǣ
ҩ󣬿Դ󷢣Ѹףܴ󲻵ľس
κϣ˫ĿһЦɣ㵹ػسӣԭҪԳϿһսҪ֪ĻΪҪϷ·ߣ
Ǻܸһ㣬״һӣкʿߣûԹӵ
泯ǰɽѶֱͣߡκԤκ֮صܻرɵȻ̾Ϣ
ҹӵ𴫱ҶҪκűԳϿͷǣƵκ⣬Ӫȫûһ·ίٲǰԹϢ
κϵӦһ׶飬ĿǰԹˣΪ˴֣ɲҶӵȡ
ѩӰӪǰһӪկ󣬶ԳϿһۡ
ϽʸĶ궯ƥ˻ʿ֮˷ЮŹ磬ӻҡ
һ𣬴һ硣ָţһҲƾдӳκսݿ±֮ϣһ
սƺ֪ĿǰʽþɳѱڰУ̤ӡ
κ˰֣ûšֻǰƽ͵˵ˣô
κϣƺ˿̲ѣæ״ȣᣬС
̧ͷգһѩƮ䣬ãȥ֣ڻͷκޱƶ˵˲صǣҴڴһķ֮ʱͲˡ
κϴϲæԸϸ
΢һڷȴһϻĲʦо徭ʱת֮شȥ
κһϸϸһĿڵľ⣬Խǰ֮˾졣
ɶô࣬һССͯô򵥰ɣ
Ȼ泯ǰȵǣƥǵģ˴Ӧһ֮롣
ͱ̸
ˣ㿴ڰսƣʿ󶼸ͨҽо֮ʱ򡣡
κػͷҲóĿǰ΢΢ֳѯʣΪʲôأ
ȻδͷҲɽϪ񡣡ܼ򵥣й¶ֳϢȷǵİȫӦģҲȷ˵İȫ

ԳϿλʺ滷ɽǰһɽֱͨǵСһ򵱹Ī֮ƣлХҲֹ̾ĹŹء
ɫصؾϣĬĬִΰꪵӪһǧ֮ʦԳϿ󷽵һߵϣڷװ
⴦ı۴̲죬ү񹤵ĽĿƽζסǰɫӰ
΢΢·Ƶĵ·ʱƣɽƽصľ롣
εķܼ򵥣аɫĮؿ۾˵һ仰ǣֻҪʤԳϿսۣκҪҶܴӦ
ԥĲսһɽºɽ·̫֮ǰĸߵǴɽֱӷԽȴ޷սȽɽ
̧ͷ˿ǰɽռƻȻһ֧յ֮ʦŵо븹֮УѺ⴦Ʋ֮أٺʹسѩӰӪϣлˡ
Ǿô˿ԼͬҼĹ֣ϣаò
ǵóаĴۣȫûڰʯɽȺ׵ɺʧ֣վںҹӰ֮У첻Ӧеز顣
ʮ֮ǰֻŭҾƾȫУֱŴαɾռˮʢ֮أֱֻıа
㼲ɵͨѩƥһƬƣ׳ڽֵϱۡӨ
ıڳԯΪ̴䳵ԯ֮ӣǰһĨ̺졣
ڿջ￰һۣϳѾõġڹŴǴְ֮棬һĸ߹Ѫͳоƥǻ׹ݣǸλҲԶ
Ǵ⼱׷һԻ͵ĸۡͣ£̧ͷһׯ
һվڰʨ֮£˫Ŀǣ˫͸޾Ǿ
ʵһ
һ֣ӡ
ǸӳԾˡׯĻšơСӾȻΪǰȮ֪˭ˡ
ƺаӦȻˣһδҶļ٣Ѱ
ֻʱӼһ£Ϳ磬ֻδ֮¡
֪ʱҰݼӣ˵һ仰ˡ
ˡϷʧ񣬹ڸ¡ÿεõĶĻش
ĬĬ忪˰Σ¶ģޱȣǲݱ֮ˣһպΪʹʳԡ
Ŷ΢΢һЦ֪ΪҼҹӣ
þ⣬ԭҲжţűа˫ɹˣһ︨е¸صׯЧڳҰ죬ǽм󣬿Ϊ
ĻʵȻֻǵ˵ºܼ֣ʹֻйܹɣ֪Ƿһִţ
š
Ӱ˷Ϊ֣һǿЧãʱʹ֮ˣһ֮ˡ
ǿ͸ĵЦݣһ̾ұԭͳҰκǣ˴ֻˡ
һ֣ǺЦ˹ƸղĮĻﲻԼӻظҴͨ
ҵİأݰ׷¥ϵüеꡣ
ֵͨ¥ʯ澲
һ̾ڵС֪Ĺ͢˿αߵĽƣһһ翣˫ӣעһۣó˱а롣
˵󣬱аעӵĿⲻ䣬ȺѩֻҪһӣһʤ̡
£ĿӲԶɽھ֮ϣ΢ꡣ
ڲֽԳϿս֮ǰԶشͨ飬ݺ󣬲Żճ䶨仰
Ʊһս
·ɽԶ̹಻ϵƮͷƥͬˮһ㷭ڡ
һ֣ѩӰӪʿһݣһְ˼нͷһֽìꪣ˫Ŀݣͬӥչ衣ǻͷһۣһŴɽۣبԡ
Һסֻۣ׼ǰǶɵĸϡ


24.ս

ԳϿɽ֮йص
һǵͨ;ϣز˺ڼǾͬƬ̲Ϣĺ˷һһԶ
κγ䳤һ֣˻Ʈڹɳ֮УԳϿŸҳ壡
¡¡ɽ˷Żɽ³ȥ
֧֮ʦһ￪⣬Ȼ̳
һҷһ͹ɽʯϣ˫ĿϸϺƬɳĶ˫Ż֮һɽ£ٳɽ룬ߵһ졣
ϴ˻ĺһͣ΢΢̾Ϣһκ˵Ǹˡ
κϸº³һеġɡСӣͼʮ˵Ĳ󡪡ʵǴ¶ϷǸϵʱսѽβ
κ֮ʱһɣܻҵƣ˸㣬ȥɡ
βκı뺷֮ʦԽԽһڷ糾֮б治죬֪κǡ
ǰһ˴磬ݷͷiͷһԲһձƮֻǳһ֪ʱͨװ硣ֺһ˷ִġ
¡Ǹ߶һɨȥأĦ⣬һ¡죬ƥҲϺɭɭףԶԶŴ۵Ĺâ͸ͭǽڰɱ֮
ʹı֮ˣҲɿ֧ӵǿ⺷һԵģ˫ĿڵѲ̳ܱӰ
һ㣬Ӷˡ
Ϊʲôô޴ȻָԼǱӪΪΣյĵطȫĵط
䱻аɱֹȻգҲùĿǰ⵶ͷѪľģŨ̹սϣʹ似ﻹѰðϢ֮أ
һֱκµ飬ƹܵͼʷᣬɽѰһ·ȡղźͬһӪʵϱ̸֪鲻֪ǰӰһ˴󾪣æ·ɱ
ɾҧסκӣ۵糸شء
ǰĽƵһǰκͻȻһٲף㡣
гָ죬д˻𣺡ڽʿתͷӭԵУǰ棬ǰ֦ɱն
ƺصɽسؼʿֻκ¾źκӪݼϽ𣡡
Ѫڵ˻͸񷣬ݵش˸⣬ܹ
һƺҲܸȾƣֻĵйɱڵ߱ơ˫ĿԲ·
ɾǳа˹֮һҮ죬ҲѪĺ沿΢΢Цһбôֿҵʨ
һͨĸϣͷ˵ҮɽԭоʵӳԳϿе裬ƺз
ҮȻһۣǰԽЦԭ˾ͰЩ֮£ԳϿȻϱڣзⳡʤǴɵ֮׷ɹҾĴʧ
Үһһչ˷һǰɱȥ
ʱɱ죬춯صػ졣
κӾǱƸ۵ľģƴɱսոʨšɳ죬Ѫȼ䣬ǰӲʿնɱ޵ɽвһذףڵϷ£ɾͰ̤ʱԽĽ
һ˫Ŀס̳ǵߴӰѰһ±ѷһߡ˫ɽʯȻһģɴֻɽӳĲӥصԾȥ
һǶãûо˱ôƴҲסɾ졣
һųĵӣ̤ɾʨ֮С
ɾҲǾþɳãһִֿӰٶһ£Ӧ䡣мɢɾǹһһ
һ˫չ׼һʿײȥʿƺһ£ʱ̤һ֪ȻǧսҲʩչȶ˧죬ǰԾ
ɾսͻ֮ǰأ򶨣ٳָһ㣬ݺݵؾǹУͼһ̤۵Ľס
һһ˦˧죬ƬơһɨعӰؽż϶񱼣ԾҮйעһҮ䣬ȫȻĵ⽣ꪡ
ҮҲʿԺд󾪣˷񵲣񿥼ͨ˼ٲףסӡ
Ү¼֮ˣֻʿϣȻ˧ϣ˳һһʱӦʿ֧ǹУƵóһԾɱš
һڿһɾѩ׺ԣһƬӿĺۼʧɱбһͷ̤㽻ǹϣһ㣬γǰհߣСĻչ˧죬з˧˧ڴˣ
ȵĺɢߡ
ȻҮŭߴʨţκǰ鲻ˣӿиء
һڹʿ㣬һ磬εڹȵסҲ֮󣬴ڵһƽ̹֮أͣ㣬±Ծ
һҽűཻԮʹ˽гġݡֻǳһϢ೤һƬһҵ֦ϡ
վΣֹעȫ˧ֻǹͶȥǺڽ˧Ϲעŷ磬죬ųһƽΪ̡һֱȥ
ɾʨʱ˹ķˮըһƬҽ಻ϣ˧ײ¼˺ȵزʯ̵ĵ棬ӭչ
һչ˫ۣ޾񷣬ƺؼХǣ˧쿪尡
Х೤ǰ￪⣬Ҳɽȼײ졣
Ŀڹɳ֮Ƭ׹⣬֪˽ɾ˵طشһӣж̴̴ɣմȾҩսѪҺƥ̧ܾ㣬ߣŲ·سǰ
оֻһӰĴ󺰣ϣ
ǽϣͷ˫Ŀ׼ڹȵʱ˺ϵڡһֱĺ죬һͷµսΪãҳ⣬һ鶼ܿ϶
󲻶ƥһһɫӰֱسȵ׹ȥЩѩӰʿʧʱҲžҽ֮
öɣĵײ⳩һ̣ƺʶԭӵ۷硣
֮䣬ѩӰӪһƬḡİ𣬴ͻȻʨսš
κ嵽ǰ͸ɳɾŨ̹һ֧ɫεէȻ֣дϲֱԮѩӰѵƴˣ
һµվʯϣɽ½ǣԵɪޱߡŴĿӹȵףһη֣ʹ似ȴ֮أڲɣս֮ϣԼСһ˿á
һرܲӣĬĬظز˱ֱѩӰţɱһƬʨǣԳϿĹ壬ָеĵֱ۵һƬԡ
زʣΪۻ飬תǧبŲ䡣

ݹž̨Сݵһ̨֮ƣҲ˵Ĺ棬ڳʷϸܼ£Ƕ죬ӷ򣬶Ǵһšԣ
ž̨ص㣬ǳأľשмʯڣڲʵǶۣ
ҶûžǣǶһһľָơ
ǰƺջʱⶨ˼ƲߣؽƸһˣΪʮдСͼΣƳɾᣬЯ
˿̣Ҷһչһᣬתǰ԰֮ˣ
òȻȻǣֻ־ãյҶǰĪѱ档
а֪һʹ֪ѰΪʦرӣԼ֮ʣӦһ
ͫ䳺䣬յüӰΪֻÿκ΢Ĳûһ˿¶ȣ
˳һҲѧ۾
Ҷ˫Ŀϡ֪
һҧɫȻ˵ɣҪʲô
ҶȻǰ֮ˣƴ͸ķ磬ؾ֦Ϲѻ㡣
ȥһط
ּЦЦһеĲɣã޳סԼȭͷΡ
̶ѨԨҪȥǹŹذɣ
ҶֻǶסֵӣ۹Юűѩеķ籩顱ֱɨ
ںΪʲôһƽ
ִһǰеȷ뷨׻Ǳµ꿴ˡȻһЦ
ҶͻȻһָ̧֣ţһֻӲצսһ˹һķӭͬɳççεĿۣʹ۾
ৡһ£һִһƽƽ˿䣬һ޷չһעϸĹͼγǰ
ˣǵĮ
ֶһۣ£˫䣬
ž̨µһǡҶ˫ִָһͼᣬ䣬һ±ȽԸվһߣ
ǳʶ˴⻰˵Ĺƻ벻ɵ壬˱˵˵ףаѡȨ֮ơֻĿǰȹȫ֣ʮݶѣƽ֮󣬿ԼʦҲڲԶ
ؿҶһۣ˫
ҶӰ磬ƽǰͻȻ˫ͫУ߽һ˿޵Цݣֶʱҧ
ԭĻش𡣡
Ҷ˫Ŀ˲档ȫͷȴһ仰īᣬҲ˰ɣ
֣û³ǣڻ


25.ŵ

ӣżõķڴһɤ
Ҷһ䣬ӾˤһԵ̫ʦС
⹫ŶͬĲƣƽմͬĿ׷Ҷϣ׵ԳϿս
Ҷضס˫Ҳһ˿˿ѷ죬˫ֺϣ档
⡣ȴ΢΢ĺֹ
ȻѣĿһƬأǰʧ̬ʧԣ֪
ҶҲǰˣ³һ֣˵
սݡ֪Եصѿڶ
ʧأ
ʹĿ⣬ȻѩӰˣκӪȫû

䡭ʹ˫ۡ
ҶĬȻĿһۣ󻺻Į뿪Ŀһֱ׷ǵӰƽôѩķ磬᯼ŵĺӰӰ´£һĵİɫ
֪ʲôȥֻᷢʲôˣ侲ò̡
ڱĵϣֻԼ壬»ҰƮƮڷС˫ĿԲƴȫŲ񷣬Ϸžɾ޵Ȼ
Ǹߴһϯϣ˫£նϡ͸ŵұͬĺ׹ɽȻ
һѩҫ۵ĹâӳʲôֻüǱɽܵա
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ǸҲҺϣĿ⽥ڷɢңΡƺãֻһ侲һ֣ر۾
׼
Ҷضϵ˫⾲޷磬ֹѩվһ̣³һ֣
£ĬĬһӰ
ڷǰĿĺɫݵ㡣

ҶӰƺԶڲɣǰ̡ѩӰӪǣԶ죬ᡣ
ҲĬĬǰ۹ǴһЩ΢
ҶתܻѪ۵ʿֱһˣƽϸս
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ҶĮһ֣ʿһ̧ǣ˳ԯӴԺ
նϡҶͻȻ泯˵ôһ䡣
Ĭ˻ᣬųſڣΪ˭
Ү졣Ҷ˵Ŀ͸żᶨ
ⲻͷͬΪɾͳ˧Үǹꪳγ֪顣
ܽӭһն赽˻򣬼˿У
ҶʻǼװֻǾдϲ֮ϸϸָƣǾصĿܾͲͳˡ
߳һڲزסĿ϶ԵãӡʯҮֶ֮Үɱ
Ҷգһâԭ
˫˫עϣһʱ
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ĻҶĮһֹǲмѾἰ⹫ҲүԶǣԲҵֻйӡɱĵӼпܻģơ
ԶɽһҮӪУȻɹ
Ź̧ǶԹӵһγ˸е΢΢档
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ڴѹ֮ʣɱıԭҪǺ˵ľġ
̧ͷһۣԥ̣Žڣոǣӿѡ
ҶٲĿתһȦ˫󸺣⣺Ѳɽһݴ񡪡֡
һֹɮ붨һ˿ɣʶ¶ЦݣһУҶ
֪ôˣĮƽ
ӵ˼
Ϣɢȥ
ǡ
һҪźۼ
̧ͷǰǵһӰӡ
κӪʱжϳǵ򣬽͵ɸߵ£
Ŵ΢΢ҫŵ⡣
ûע⵽ЩЩɵʣ˵
ҶĿʤܽǱ篣ֱӶסԺзŲĸۡţһһΪô·㲻ߣƫߵ뻧ˣһ

̤̤ԳϿɽѵ
ʬ彻ǹݺᣬɫѩףƥ죬һһѵسŹȵסսڳɽϿϿգþòɢȥ
һľִ֣Сĵرܿսʿʬף߳ԳϿ
һΪǰٵϿͿ̿Ұ˼Ҽ£ڿף֪ԼǶôǳ
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һͷ˫ţѥӽȾĺں졣
ϵ˵ķһС߽һ˲ɵ᣺սʿ£ܰȻϢξ
Ũ̹սزϣһһһƺȳһͨʣĬĬصͷߡ
κ˫ʱֻñʹ˳һ
κһתۣͿһ˫̺ͫʣһĳң
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ĬĬؿӪصľ׮ϣ͸΢Ļѣκ
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κĬڸӲɳϡĵش˸ͻŷ
κӪһ˵֡
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Цɻĵȷ˰ȫౣأɾҪ뿪ˡ
κǻɽͰƵ죺лСֵܾһ
һŻ⣬ǿЦһˣɲʲôȰˣȥԼܻţѡ񡣰ɻٴμˡ
κ꣬þûؿԺſڣſƳĲҵģսǱȻټ
һϵĶ񣬻ߵκϣһϣǹѪ֮ˣǧֳм񽫾˿ϢҷĲ£صصȴС
һξעκ˫ü沿ּᶨ˵ţǣ޾壬һɳϣܵ
κ˫Ŀּͬӹķ磬ҵضһƬ
ˣٺúϢһ£ʱŵǸʱ򰢳ɾͲˡ
κԾɳĬţһӲʵӣѪǰܵĺУȻ
һַκ˯Ѩӷźãں½ǣĬĬػһʱȴŷ١
һƬž޷޹⣬ֻеĻڳԾһž졣
һ̧ͷƬовݲݴӪء
˴شɽţƫƧȺɽʵɽϵĲľ򾡣β᾵ɽʯҹİ׹⡣һͻأӲⲻƣ˹ĿԶ
ʹ޷磬ʹһƣǸо֮Ļߺ䡣
±ѩأѩδ۷ɫУ˪ľ˷أ¡һϲʱ˸OO@@ⲽ˯дʹԶϹµıӵĴ졣
Ȳ״ϡϡƬɽţʵž޹⡣ʿǵĺ䣬˯ȥ
һƬĬںڰǱȴҹ֮޾ˡ
һĬȻһһѲЩ壬ϸĵΪǼ˿ڣ˳ǺòܱձߵһǲɴʿǰһͷӰΣֻҴҴһǣָһƬ䣬ɵһ̽ǵףһ˿ȴӲؽšĿӲʯȻȥʱ
һ˼ã֣ߣظסӡ


26.Ӱ

ӪԼԼ¶һ𡣺ҹ޹⣬ֹֻҹʿм죺

ꪡ
һ߻κԣЩģ̽鿴һϢ
͵ǳǳԶԶһͳﱯһСԹĽߣڶػӪܣһ㵭İˡ
һһץԲᣲƵƽ󸿽ؿһκͷĵطǱȥ
ӪһܹȼӰӰ´ճΡ
֮Զ򸹵ƣȣ೤
ظĽʿѷڳһұߵ񱳲׷ֹʲôˣվס
ֻǰųƵص죬Ȼƽش࣬ȻƽسǰߡһѭȥŸߴֻüһݵıӰ
ӰطƣΧסƷۻ룬ɳʯط޴쾪˳˯ʿҷ׷ִǹ׳ӪأֻǿϢ˱⣬޷һĵػȺУֻ¶һ̽
˾Ȼ
һǰݸԺһ̵ֱӡԶ΢Цӯӯ˫ƺضסǸľګꡣ绨ǰţÿһ˵ʱϸЦɾ񴺷еԵһżȻȥĿɴЦֵ磬ƮĽӰ޴ڡ
˿̣ȴóһƬ̵ľ죬ǰ˼ı仯
ԲԲĶ쵰ʳɼ°ͣ京Ұңĺ⡣˪ر֮ĲɽڣӹһڽҫĹ
һһȻǱնϵĽɫսѪơ
ƺϰ׹Ŀ򶷡ĽӰ£ӯ˼䴩󣬹Ʒ㲻ܣֻǽһ캮׷ʹܾ˵Ĵ򷨡
һ˰ԾģƵյԼűˮһսľģ
һкᵴɨˣʣǰôˣ
߿һ΢΢һЦСǵĹӼȻúõ˵ôˣ
һ۵ɱҧ
һˣվߵȰѹ˹ȥֽΧס֯ĽƷܣסĵ
Ǻ޼ĽвҪƽһֱ˶ϣϻ⣬ת֮ʣ˫ƺϻ
ǣ˽ӰͷϵҶƮתݺݵػ顣
һ·ɱɱﲻϸ룬һԾ˫磬ִϡϻһǳһһЦּˡеı˳һѨ
תӰӨӨɰصƣֻɨС
һոսסΣֺ̽νȴĮɵסϳûһȣƵóһı䣬ֻܳ󷭷ɣӿɿ⡣
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һźĳࡣ
ˮЦǳһ鵭ŵˣ΢ЦϷֵܡ
ʹ˺ݺݵش̴࣬ĿȻһϢоŽѪΣĵ˿˿Ƶս
תһξɵ꣬޳޵˫üĮ۾һгӨãĵӿ¡ֻӢûһ˿ϧ˫۲գضסЦݡ
еʿͺӡ
Ҳվֻб͸վгĬεĳһ
һУ겻ǵƶԹӣҲľګǶִ
Թӣ㣬ŹѾѾ
ŨŨıͬŵĶԵشҹգ޾ذˡ
ӦһЦվ࣬˳ɰתɫںҹɫĿĹâܲסشض
һһҫӦС˲䣬۽ǵ£΢޷ɬǻ
Ӧз֪˭Ϲעʮɹץס͵ɨӰ
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͸ϣһƺϢѾͷҴӦе֣ȥǵżƮƮ
һ˫Ŀһ̧ǰӦϣ̧ƽȥϲдĲһ٣࣬ĵĺ⡣ҹɫͳĻХ
ӣ߾ŷ֣һ룬ӷ֮ХӱˣδɱճһţԸԽ
һʹ˫Ŀһת߷ں֮䣬ĵĳһ㵭ĺ˪ӵķ˿Ƶ۵ףһȫ޲עݺ
Χ֮˿ǰüĿ꣬ȫ˲һƬǾ
ӦкͲɽһ޵侲עӳһΡ
һˮݳļ֣˫˫룬Ӱ
δ䣬ڿնԣջ£õǱаʽ족ֱֱӦĿ
ϼʶҶһ¡ۿ䣬ųĳһΣĺ˽һת˲ǰ˷׷׶ܡ
ͬһ㣬˸⾪춯صһ
ӦƣǿҵϢͬХҹҫһ˫ɭɭȻȱӻҪ׺ᡣ
Ӧ΢żһ㣬ˣʬ壬һֱȥʯ֮䣬һıϢӦе֣һ죬˳һĽӰ
ꡱһӪǼʱƬ״жѳ϶
һһأһ˽һʵҲԱɨȥ
ӦеһգʬѱߡƲдֱƶĺԾȥƷ磬Ѹ׵硣
һĽżڵһ㣬ǰ㣬ֱӦѡ
ǰܽתΣһһһݣȥͼɱԹӵĽӰ
ʿڲѹšݡˮӿһ
һ裬ɨд⣬ǲɱһźطȺ׷Ӧжȥ
ӥ׷һӦӰʧ
ԾӪӡĪ׷
ɰشģ˻𣺡Ÿɶȥӣ
һһ֣һ֧Ѹгɶεױٵسɽȥ
Ĭǰһɰصӣߡɰ۴Уͷƺһƣصסģвأͷ
ɰһתغһȻ֪ս֮ǰҪ֮£ǳһӡ߰գ

һضסӦӰʹйȰƽ
ɽɽʯְͣ䣬ɢɽӦɫҹɫмΪۣشһ⣬ʯ䴩
һסǵӰ׷ϡĿ䳺ףȻƽûе˿˿⡣
ӦеӰǰһڽ𣬳һӣǰ֮˺ն䡣
Ӧϵ۽ϢεؿǰһֻۣõһԶԶıӰгɨתԾʯѡ
һӼȳ޻ת⣬꽻УնӦгȥƲɽʯ
Ӧһã˦֮һԣ˫ƮƮڳһǰ
޾𣬸£סһĿ˵
һسָ࣬أһȴǹ¹ʽΪĿĲߣ֪
һȣα𣬴źűѩͷն¡
Ӧ˫֣Ʒ緫ţֻһ˲䣬ȫŲǿҵɳɽʯ׷׷ɢ
һ˫ĿۣնʱӦܿתڳһ˫ĳء
һպӦнУԳԷӦᣬȻʹõķĽħƣȴָۻң
˲˼УһȶϢһֻӦĿȥһʽȻƽƽƽͳӦ֪ζʲô
ȻԼǵָһ㲻ܣ˫ĿҫĹâ˽һȻϮ
Ӧв˫ֽ´У˾ȥ任˼ΣȴڲζסĿɫ⡣
Ʒ磬һŴ󿪵ıȥһֱУһתһνӰ
ӦƮȻ˫ֺ󸺣վɽۣɫĮעǰս֡
ɽͣպý˳һһɱ˾֪Է֣ӦҲϡ
һĽѩ٣೤졣ǽӰ޴ڣɫɽɫķ磬ǰոһĮͫʣѩĽա
ʲôɰĺشһ
һתص𽣷˫Ӱ
Ǵѩ篵ĽɴƵ⣬ڳһࡢҲγ˵ڶӰƻһƮݣ³⻪
ڳɫ΢䣬Ǵδֽ䣬ӰΡ
ȥϡ¡˵Ӱ롣


27.

ɽɽ˻ѣУһ·ԽԽ
һҲֻǰˡ۾Ǿ⣬ѩһƽ
һΧסĲɽȴЩǱңնʮ˿ǰشۣ˰ɫĺ˪
޷꣬Ӫһɫɼ֣ίʵ١ɽ۵ӦͻȻ΢΢һЦĮ
۾һɨΧ̶ӿڣ֪ʦ֮£ǷȫˣȻݣ
ԹӣһϿսã޷ӦжĽһԣƲס΢ŭΪ˹»ϱλ֮ͣĿġ飬˶ܿ纣Թӣѵ㿴𣿡
ǵͳѹ֣һ䣬ͻȻһʱ֮䣬𡱡𡱹ڿԶɽȻص
ӦлĿģԶɽһֱǾĻ졣
һӦеı飬ֻ䱯ͣϢŴӦĻش𣺡ΪȽɽ˶ˣ˶ټͥϲԿ׷͵νν⣿ʹкã
ӦתסһȻһЦЦԶƺɽѩңעһ֮ˣ޴
仰һεĴӣݺݵ˳һһ΢΢ζ۾
ӦһӣʿһͣŹһڹԣŻơ
һͷһ䣬ϳǸյӪʱΪ˹Աﳤ̾һ±ȥ
ɰطһԾһסΣҪ
ǰָɽĸʰɫãǰָӦСӦеؿһ˵˵Ķ
һ㶣ֱ
ϿųһӶݵķʵӣһΪγ֣
ӦаȻǰУβСΪƻǰ·ĮãŻش𣺡Ϊʱ䡣
滹ѯʣһ̧ͷɫ
ӦеƳ۾ֻǰУȴ˵ʾյжʮɣ˭ôôıӣ˻ʬ壬ȻͬΪűߣ֮ͽΪ塣һأΪ˵ʬ˳ȥ
һ飬֮糾շתģټʱǰ·մ޷Ӧ

ϷϣǰӹڰĹӰһңֻ񱼡
һ˵ĵ׵ĻԵɣӦǾЦעһĻһֱڶصʹ˵ĲԼ˲̵ضԴһƺˣ˲Ϊ֮ƽ
ãδĹһСϪƵĺˮ泯͵͵˵ӦУȻ߹󣬾ͱζǧҪڡ
һŷɽУߵһɽʯֱ֮תһ뷢ƮƮߣסȥ·
һ̧ǰˣȫ׸£Ŀ׷գֻ¶һ˫Ϥ۾䡣
һһҾǰкμ̣
׷˫Ȫƽۻɽ¼죺ǰйԮ֡
һѩ²ϵǳҲܶ϶Ϊ٣Ѽˣɵö⣬ӹ˳ס
һһ˫ۣǰת·磬ƮƮˡ
ɽ£һֿڵĲľųһڶ
ȻһƬһȪ۰Сķ϶͸¶ŵ΢Ĺ⣬㹻һһСɫ԰׵Բݶѣؿڲȥʱ
һһ㵭ı
繫ԹжΪʦҲǰи֮ˡ
һĬһᣬŹӦǰǷҪ
ôĺӡ£˵
Ҳһӳߵϥ£۹⿴޵Ĵȱ
ǹӳȣ»ڵ֣ݴܲл
һæݣҡ
΢΢һЦַ˳һұۣһ͵ķ桪һҲ⣬ڶס
ڽңȴ˳ĺӡĸƾЯ½սǣңһֱǱߵӦиƣż𡣡
һ͵ض
΢˫Ŀ˵ڴ֮ʣи࿴Сĺӣϣ͢Źһʲô֪ŮޡԴƶϳһУ˼ǰĿתΪڵĻҡʱҹ޴Уڵ½֪ĺͯﻹһֱ˻ʦɱҰɣһȥʦԴۡʱֲԲӷһ졪֪ǿ񲲻Զˡ
ϵ׷ʲô޴ӵ֪ǵɵ£洫رūġһס˫˫֣뿪һʱһҩʱͷѾˡ
һر۾ûȥһ۵Ƿƽݡһǿǿʱ̵۾Զһʹһ֡
Ծɵضƽ֪ϣԼӦУҲϵ˷ɽһ
˵ͻȻ˫Ŀº͵ؿһӣ˭
˫ɡ
˵ͷתͷḧưڷ乫ӣиʵڡ
һ˳ؿˣһ˿ɣѸӦǰǣʵƮУʹǰҲԸκ顣
һ˿ϣ
һʱƽ֮ˣҲ΢΢һ
һִͬӣϴԡʱͳòһžιʳһҩ裬λסĵһϢǷһҩ
˫ĿֱӳһݣĿᶨ飺֪ʱȥѰ⴦ҩ޿ܣ乫ӣһ˿ϣ
һ񲻶ﲻ֪ʳʹࣺǰ˵ҪҵѪ߷ԡ𣿡
ĬȻ˵ͷ˻֪˶֮ԵȰպ֪˶ǰӪм߷ϲ칶һѪһֱɽУŹӡ
һƬ̧̣ˣǰӦ֪˴˶ҩɽ⣿ʱʹֻ֣ޣְԵˣǷҲܵͣ
̽磬֪ƺѹֺ׷Ϊûеڶַܷ֧ŶһҪ컯
һԺʱһ˿⣬˫ĿԲһľϲǰҩǣȷϣǰ˶Ǽ̽Լܣֵͷڣݡ
ֻǴؿųһ۾һǰݣ֮ҩΪӱܾӾ棬ڽ伣ʮꡣ
һЩɵؿҩɫԥվûпڡ
ҩ΢΢һЦӿʣ
ˡ
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ݱȽ⣬ԨԴԷһ˼ڴŮϡ
˺һѣ᲻ٴ޾һһԷѵ֣ǰǷҩƣ
ҩĿⳤõ֮ϣԳһʣʲ𣺡Ƿ֪úһֱβ󣿡
һЩԾɫƽҡҡͷ
ǰƣ˰꣬Ҳı仯޳һʮꡣ
̻塭
࿴ǰƵĸʮĻսεĽַֺϺϣΨبŲ䡣ֵս֣ʹâҶӣȨӣӢջڹǰף൭̬˳Ӧ֮ѭ˶޷תʹΪ֮ǵԼԼˡ
һͷϸϸ˼ⷬҩǰ飬̿ľʦ㻯֮ĵ׵˲١
ǰӾ棬һֱļƲ⡣
롣
Ƿǰ
ǡ
ഫǰԶ
ǡ
󣬳һңһֱشضͣԭǵ㱰΢ϣԼ飬ʱɢڿУɲǲӰеɲƽϢͬɨǧ顱һһ˦Ԩ䳹ס
ҩϤһе۾Ȱؿųһȴ
˫ɣһ򺮶ʬԽʱ⣬ٴδʱ㯣Բͬͬˣһֱܣյüǰéٿ
һĬĬظҩ׷ݣվȴֱ㣬ƻһˣɢŵϢ
ҩԾ΢ЦȴǰĴ
Ϊȡ˫ɡϣ˳󣬳˳ɲ˫ɡչǰб㰵ӴԼֱǰȻϲĥٴθлǰĽ̵
ҩңɷǵɣ紺ºͶԶ
һԵԻӶ顣


28.ټ

˫߳ɽһҫϡɽȥŲ塣
ɽµ·ֳһͨ߾ӪϾפ֮أһͨҷžֱ̨°֮
һֱκ˫ɣ̽һҪϢϾɾ͵ΪԮͬγһ·ɾϮ˿פھɽʮ֮⡣
ڸǰ˫ɲóȻ뿪ְ벽ҹϢҲػ⣬δϵκ֧аȥʵһУʱǳһ˫ȻأģӲˡ
ʱ˫ɴݣ˼ɵĳ죬Ϊ⣬Ͼ֮һҪѰ֣һ
յĳůĻѩԾɸɽͼ䡣ѩ⾧Өмѩ˫񱼣϶ķԾҲڶմѩɽХ˵һ仰
ֻҪĺǣҶɱȥ

ͯŸɲݣһ۾һسȥ
ҹǣ̤Щ͵ǰͯԼֵһȥסĲӣЦ˵ҹ־ǧ
ͯظҹëϲɲݡã˵үͰˣһҪŴ
ҹͻȻĶ䣬ֹͯδ߶߶˵ʲô
˫ɾͯݳӰһߣδȵ̧ͯͷֵͯ䡣
ؾţ㼸⣬ֻҪͷǲС
ͯЩؿ˫ɣ޷ֻƴصԴ
үϽ
ͯͷ
һս
ͷ
ɷҼϹһ棿
ͯɴ۾ֱֱض˫ɣлҪ
˫΢΢һЦַѨλͯҡ˼ӣ˫˷
ͯһҼ㡣
˫ɲĬĬؿ
ȹҼҹӣһΣʱˡ
˫˵ʲôԾûнӻȴѻ˵ꡣ
ϾǺˣҪҼҹʲô
˫ĬĬر˱۾仰ʵҲ˵ֻ˵øί
ʦ˺;սϣ˭Ӯ
ʦϽһȥɡ
ʱĳһܻش⣬ڵ˫ɻǻش⡣ͯа۾˫ɿ˿ڣͲκεԵɡ
˰Σƽ˵ҼȻȹү϶ẦҼҪ档
ѵǺ˵ͽͯԴؿ˫ɡ
˫ĵ׿ɬȴƽһûô岻ȥɣҾԲ˺
ͯԾɰŰɵؿ˫Ŀܿʼ߶ʿȵվ
㣬ûңô֪ҵҼү
˫תͷųԲݵҹ
⻬Ƥëΰ޳֫㡢ɵĻβҹչǰľͬһʹ׾֮ˣҲüı󲻷ˣ˫ɵһۿʱ򣬾֪ôҵϾˣֻû뵽ǸӣǸ鷳Сͯӡ
˫ͻȻԽžʴȥ
ͯæعס䣺ιȥ
ȥϹӡ
ֻҪһ˵Ҽүǰ벽Ҳ߲ȥ
Ҳ߰벽
ʲô
ﶼȥվȰɱʲô˶ˡ
ͯЩԾؿ˫ɣϷſӣһ˫۾µµǲȥ˫Įͫʡ
˫ɵͷͯ۾̧쬵Ʒ֮ͯϣָ˾綾մһͻõƿֻҪһ
ͯ۵һ½пˣҴȥҲҵ
ͯͷͣһ·ʯӳǰߡ˫󣬿ŵɵıһߵĵӰҡҡλǴ˲⸡ɵ̾ԡ
˼ͯһվ˵үпˡ
˫ɵسһ
롣
˫ɲվԭ񲻶۵һƬҵѩأȴ˵صǾȻؽĻ롣ʱܶǰҲһĿ꣬δ׷˭ȴԿµĻ˵˸֣ˬһˡ
˫ͻȻԼƺֲܺУ˫ƣݺݵֵĻڣһĺӡ
ͯվƬ̣ǰʹͷľͷ£ؿ
˫ȶüĿ˽ȥ
һֱǰ˼˫ֻһĮ̇ͣ˽Ų
ܰ˫ɸ̧۾˻ᣬϾɤǳһ𣿡
Ͼ£ҵöᡣ͵ĳն˫ĵһǣΣͬһˮĺӣſнʣǸݡ
һϹӡ
˫ȵسһ񣬴˫֣ĬĬ
Ͼһ˫ɣһ˿ֵ̿Ľһ˶񣡡
˫ɲźۼ˺һ֮ľ룬Ծɹ˳ؿϾ½°ڡ
Ͼ˫ɵͣڿУƺͳһ̾Ȼݳ嵭û¾ͺá֮лֻǿһҪ˾񡣡
˫ɵͳüĿ˼ȴһӡУХǴ̾ġ
һ廹ô
˫ɵ˵ͷ
Ͼ迴ǰˣȻЩɻ󣬵䳺׵۾ȴƽ١ĬĬؿƬ̣º͵˵ң
˫˫ƽգ仺̧Ͼһۣ㣬ʱӹĵͼϡ
Ͼ۹й¶һЩ죬Ϊڵǰ̧ͷʱ򣬷ƺ˺ܴ
Ϲӣʵ¼⡣
롣
ӽһսĶ˭
ӦС
˫ɳĬ£ԼĲ²֤ʵ֮Ҳ֪ϲǱ
ʤ֮󣬹δ㣿
Ͼ΢΢ͷ˫ɵݡյĳһϳ޹⣬纣˫ͫ
빫һҪʵ֮
ǰ
ǰս
д߳ǡ
ǹž̨
ǡ
ž̨о
ţԭ˾ơݵһ̨
˫ɵ΢΢һţȴиԭҶյԭ
Ͼüͷ֡
˫ɼ˺󼸲ȥһķ˿ɢıȾһīɽˮϹһҪӦ¡
Ӧʲô
žǡӲӦһԸ𡣡
ϾЦһֵ¡
Ǻο࣬ҴӦǡ
˫ĬĬվϾ輸⡣
Ͼ農ûһ˿кþãȴôҲǰꡣ
һô϶һսҿʤ
ԭ򡣡
ܸ𣿡
ôᣬƵΪѣѯʡ
˫۳һƬ󺣣ȫľöˣ׶Ƿű˵Ĳ
֪γ˧Ӧӣ
ǡ
Σ
ϳɣǸ
֪ӣж
ȥֻ꣬Ӧгսδ
ǱаҶ


29.

Ͼ豳˫֣ڿտУ泯˫ɣһЦΣ
˫ɵͳ͸ĹͷοɢһȦӰӡȻƽżȻƶϳǰս־ҶλıĹ֣ôʤǸϹӣսսΣ
ҳʤٰܶࡣ
أ
ʤ١
Ǻԭأ
ԡѪսɾ
˫촽ˣ
Ͼֱ˫ɣһΪô϶
ֱԭûУǾ֪аӲްյ£ôһĿġ
һΪʲôأ
յ뷨ĺݣϷ棬սټٴ˸յĿġ
֤ݣ
ûУҪһս֮Ӧ
˾طսʤкϵ
ҹꪣڻ˱İʾһսӦһѭԼ˱رܡžǱĿ֮ء
Ͼ貢Ҳδע˫ɣ΢΢׳
빫һҪžǣžյͭڷսأѹ
һΪηųǣ
¸ıòǹžǰĵһ̨ơɶ֮ǵ˼
ûٹž̨޷֪òڳԫһȦɸӿ϶Ĵ𸴡
žûзı䣬ôĵ̾ǰԭһܵأ׳Ƶ³ǡΪͭǽڵ棬յջ
ҶҲ϶ڵ³ֽţӴӦ£Ҫȥ
˫ɽһ˵꣬ضϾϾתӣϵͷעŵ档
ϾĬȻؿͼΣʹ˵һƶδ֤ʵ޼ۿɱȵϢҪǡ
һ٣Ͼ΢΢սôǱ˺ˣ֪𣿡
˫ɵͥǰڷأԾֹͷβûзһ˿ı仯еĻ̌ͷᶨؿһϾ衣
ĿΣͬҶ¶飬Ө䣬׹أź΢Ŀ˶һƳϾֲ黹ǻþ
ƽĶۣʵͨСϾƽ˵䣬Ȼֳص˵Ǳ;
һҪôأ
뱨£
Ϸԡ
ӿΪһ𣿡
뽲
빫ӱ۾ͻӡ
Ͼ輴ʹٶ˹ҲǰƲݡƺһʹīˮֽϣɢģһƬĳɵϾԥر۾

˫̧ͷؿǰſХףϸ̰Ŀת鲻ơഺٵǰû뵽ôһ죬ԶԼˣһѰһ˿˿ǺʵӰӡһִԽǧʹǰأںע롣ͬӲسȥ˫ɵĹѪμˮ֮ϣʹزӨĹŷǾлˮ¡ĮԵؿļį׹벨ԳӣһصĸӰ
ֹƬ¥ǰʲô˵ˣΪǵݱκٻĽʲôˣΪ̯˫ָ֣ⶼ΢΢

ƺеѩˬͣϾǰһҲҶĮδԼƤͬǰ꣬Զҿһ硢һһľ롣˫һģԵĿ£شʡϾݱʼԶԼأָţġԼѹֵĲ
ϽһҪȥ
ϴһͳǶ»ľϢѸʧϾ費ɵ͵ۡ紩ʣѩƮ衣
˫ѾˡվĵطһƵİ
ϾЩŵ߹ȥձ̾͵ĵϣһһĽӡƸոմ֣֤ʵ뷨ͻУĽƽ룡
¡һƺе׶ͷ£ҡҡλΣ˺ѩǵһͯ²ܹϳиӢۣȻȥս˱а
˵и꣬һ˷սǿ˵ʮһˡ
˵ǸڵǰžŹƴζץӲĳʯ֣Ҳϵͷ
ԭ㣬һսŹƴΪʲôأϾҲڲزסһƬŨŨʹ 
ܹشֻŴķ緢΢΢죬һ̾Ϣļ䡣
Ϊء

¡꣬¶ʮݹž̨ʱ
߳ǰбɽµĹž̨ȵشڴϡ濪кɽѩ裬ɽͣӵų˯еĹųǣһһףɷ
¡¡춯صꤳᡢ֮˶еĳǳء
žǰķľǰһ·ѵµס
ǰǾͭڵ󳵣ɭɭļʸбգдغ˷ѩһ˧ǰſݵҮ죬˫ĿԿɨǰڹӵĳš
һλݳСֲһ˷Ĵ󵶣йŴս񽫾֮硣ҲĿࡢŵӣҲѻƵεĴ󵶡
Ǹʮױ˧ʾ֮£ͣº¡¡ĽŲض¶ܼףѩɽĭƵĲˡ
˧ЩԾСһ֣˵
ҮתݣƲס֮⣺ֶʹǰ̶Ѩֿܵʦ
ҮɱɨӰԶĸ߳ǣĿԶأžԭһ̨ϰɽǧֱǵƾӸѹ·һƬ˿ȫɭ½䱸ξسֿȡǿ
˵꣬ɨһյ֮ˣ΢΢ףС˵üǡ
Ү̧Ŀ϶´ǰųǣһɫ磬˵ֶԾӹһ·սξƴԡѪʬսʤ¡ԳϿ̣ʱŴ֮ɱȥԼ־õдϢ֮
ҮɱĿ壬ƽ˵˧ͨѧҴ֮ǶԷ˧Ӧнթ䣬ó֮˧ţ
Үһ̧֣ϻӦضԣˣ̤һ³ǣԭɳֱ롣˧Ѷݵԡ
Үɱ֮̾Щ˵ǻ󡣡
Զɽףǰ꽫뿪

ž̨ǲڷƮľ죬ڶɫ׵ʿˮطͷֻ΢΢¶һͷϵĺӧڷѩأԲ
еİڣҰڱμǵָӵѡӦеȻŹϳ֮أһž󣬼̶
һתףһȻıӰɫ޷չѩƬ˿ڣӹһ˫͵֣һǱڽеĳ
ӾúˡӦҶһ̧֡
Ҷˣһ޵ı
ӦĬĬǰҶǰһӦӦ΢΢ףԴ˳¥
һˡҶĿѩգͻȻ
ԼѪսڷɽǰܣһֱʦˣްӦĿ⣬ƽ˵
ϾûһҶݲ͸ѩעɾ
ӦתƬ̧̣ͷֻǳһ
ҶͻȻͷӦһۣӦȴ΢΢һЦӵҲò֣ϮɱгӪ֮˾սһԡѪսĿǰϢй¶ƻҲ޷죬ҹӵĳһ
Ҷӿڣϰڣ
ӦвעҶبŲĮݣһֲģΧУ˿࣬ˣϾȼݣЩܲӦĿ֮Ǹ𵭵Цݡ
Ҷһ£ӿ϶ݳʯֶսʱƻĳһֻ֣ԼߵʮС
Ӧ˫ֺ󸺣˿˿ãĺ֮ˣϣӲʱҪɱãԸκδۻȡһ
ҶĿ𺣬졣
һгһƴȳϾ裬վһҹ֮ϾȻȻ֮ǣֻ޷³˹ϵӿɷʾ
֪Ҷ˵ӻǶĴսΪá
򶨵ǰӦлкǻ
³֮ǰһнпܡ
Ӧߵt̨ǰ鿴˰ֵ̣˵Ү컹δѵģ
Ƿɣ֮ԣƱعǡ
ֶϸ£󳵶Ǵ˽ԣҮ顭
ҶֱӦ̽Ŀ⣬ǰһս˧˭
κս
ӹ֮ꪣҮҳ˱ܲս
һʤ׷
ѡ
˶һۣ˫˫¥оֹԡ
֮󣬹Ӷ˶Բ߰ɣӦĿԶƽȡ
С
ȻƶӦд˿̸ˡ
ȥ
Ү̲Ҫȥˡ


30.ս

ž̨ڽ֨֨ѽѽл£Ŷ͵磬ĴѩںڳɾǰĿ
ֻϳһǰһ촽üһĨ۶֮ɫķźĳǹӳֱۡ
ҮһӴ멣˻𣺡γة֮ӣ׽ͣҲӭȥ
ν֮±·һԣ󸱽ҮɱȰ裬ǰͣˮ㱧뿪
ҶչһԾۣվںտѩСĿ׷Ӧȵ⣡
⹫ӴʱغӺӦӡ
ҺѩӰƴӣȷӪΧǰǰȥӦɱԶɽſɷԸͷؾճǲ׼
ǡ
ŨҲ죬ѭ֮ȹ̣Ʋ⹫Ӵ˾ٱ⣬Ҳԥ𳤹ǰȥ
Ҷ˫Ŀݸǰս
ţŲɫѩʱӰѱ档һƬ׹֮µȷֳ꣬Уȥ
ѩУսһ
յ϶ʱضɽҡźɱ
Ӧǹ⻮ѩգһǰҮȥҮ˫Ŀź⣬һӦеͷն¡ѸٽսһƥŻת̤ѩˮ
Ӧ˴ĸԻΧסҮ죬ƴϳˮӿԮ
ҮɱУٵغһʿǰȥԮ˧Сϡ
Զɽͷɾ۵糸ʻӪ
Үɱǰ˵ûҺɷż˴˧һӣźڳȳǰѹȥ
ԶɽԶԶֱӦУĿѽ̰սݷѩгͻʱӭͻȻХ̶һæϡ
ѩιҷ裬һ֧ƿջ뺫Զɽǰأ֮ǰڶɫâĺ󱳡
Զɽֻͷѵоϵıѩ۾
Ȼ
ѩӰɱȥһźɫӰ

˫ɸϵž̨ʱս
Ŀǰ˫Ŀգ͸ѩǰ˻࣬Ѫأڰѩˮ֮С
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ڰ䣬սһš죬ɱҰ
˫ɿһɫ꣬Χסǰ󣬻ߣ΢΢һ١
ǰǰİ˽󣬿аڴˡȻҶžǣһըٸ̨һҪʱȳ֡
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˵ŵǰɾʧİճأӣŨŨѩƵ˻
˫ɷᣬһԣԽ˵һš
һƬҵȺУһĬȻдΪۡŽʿþ죬ǰߺˣ
˫ͳκƣڽʿǰζκ£Ҫ˧
ʿϸƣ̧ͷ˫ɵκһʱǰΪֵôӳġ
˫ֻͷһƬĿѣáƬ̺ѹǿѹܣҧͷڶȥ
ʿ׷ԽѾսڳС
˫ҲӦȺ˴ڶţŲ٣ء
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͸˺Хķѩ˫ȴҶĿģںи䡣Ҷƺڸأͬһײߣ֮ͫɫʡ˫ɷ̧ͷĿʱҿ϶ҶǷ񷢾ԼΪĿңԶĮ͸˻һƬĲ񷡣
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ƺһĽ٣һгŹ졣˼ȾǣһҰ׵𶫸ҹҶһοڣԼҹ顣
Զԯʱ𶫸ͻȻӣΣ˵Ϸи֮룬ǹӪһ
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ǰսɱֹѩ˻޽һһһ쳹ա
ҶĿԶӣʱ죬ذγгһЮŴƬѩӿһ㳯ǰȥ
ڶڳİУһĨѩʤǧƮİɫƾоۼŻҫ۵Ĺ⻪һ籡ĺգ׹ء
֮ҡ

˫ɵͷСųǽƽС
ĿһֱǽǽӴϵΡÿҵһϤĿб³һ֡
˫֣Ħǽʯ̧ͷȷϷ򣬳ǰȥ
һ޹ǵĻϢĺԡ
˫ŷһԾɿվתӣͿһʺ춷Ӱ
С㡣˫ֵת¹⣬ڱۺ󣬹һ
Ŀһլ߳
֪㶢˫ɵ۾˵
һ֪˫ɳ㣬ӹײľϲЩе˵˵ؼС㣬һʵϲ
Ŷ֪Ҫɱ㣬㻹˵
˫ֱӳ㣬Ŀһ˿ɶƽ˵СҪɱһһ֣֮ǰС
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˳ǰա
Ϊʲô
ΪųǿҪ㸲
ǺǹЦĹų㸲ʹ㸲Цöһ٣ﺬڽ˵Һθɣ
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ĿһƬ䣬һ󣬱ֱϮ˫ɱ󡣡˵߾ߣôף
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վס
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߾ͲҪڣ
˫ǰУѩдĮ˳ǵȷΣڵϦС㻹ǿ뿪ɡ
ۿ˫ɼᶨıӰԽԽԶĿƮѩЩ粻һ촽üһǰԾȥ
ǰ˫ɲźۼ΢΢һЦ˽Ų
һԲ٣ϸضס˫ĿЩɵʣӦǱаǰԡѪսΪ˱ųǣ
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һʱԡ
Ƭֿ̣ڵ˵硭ôȥһϷΪõ˷ĽС
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λӲ־ܣһǰҲǼƻ֮СǷǣӸɾ˧ţ˳Σ̲һӣоκ֧Ԯղӣ֮ɾҲƱǡ
˫˵˴ϲֳΪǵɫɾѹ󣬳һԾû֮󣬶Ǽȷɱ¾ա
˳ǱɽСɷԸ´գԽɽתϰ
ţһ̧֣ȵôô
˫ĬȻһȻ󹧹ݣһƽ
㲻˿ܽ˫ɷεѩ֮Уһ춷ڷԷ
֪Ļǲģ۲תЦ˵Ȼȫǰѹҡ
ҡ˫ɷѩأƽȻش
ңңûңû˳ǣ
˫ɷ
Ȼ㵨ΪβԴһЦ
ʵԭ̽·ȷָճ֮ģڼС㣬ųǲ
ƨһҪ㡣
˫ɼվƽؿų㣺С㻹Ϊķһ
׮һչ촽綸һЦΪ˹¶
˫΢΢һ
Ƭ֮䣬Ŀ䣺֪¶Ϊ㣬ȻҪһڻ飿


31.붴

仰ͬͻһըף˫ɺĿɿڴںǱֱϵľ֮ɫôҲƲˡ
ϸϸؿ˫ĿͻȻһЦһϦ¶ͶòӰķ粨󣬱аշųϳǰЦǣһΪͰ͵ΪҸжѡû뵽֮ȻҪ󣬽͵ĻԼЦǣӲĥɿǺԭֻһ·ϵž̨
˫ѩУĬĬؿųЦݣȴ
Ұ˼⣬ֱҶҩ֣ӣԸ֮ܶʹҲ֣Ҳ֪Ϊ㣬Ϊֻӽֻ֣֪
һңҪôأض˸޻һӨѩҵڿз衣ģ¶ȻΪð֮踣
˫ɶסѩƬ̣ƺ¶˾ģ̧ͷᶨ˵һ֮ǰСֵ顣
ã֪ʲô
ִ˿
а˵ص
ˡ˫૵ɫ㱡
ʲô鲻ĵģüͷ˵
ûУֻǳһ棬СѵҪڹ¶ǰɱ𣿡˫ͻȻ΢΢һЦ
㿴˫ɵݣָ־ɲɫٻŪҡ
ְɡ˫¹䣬վѩС
ҧҧվعͷһ
һƬ壬Хѩתûһ˿Ӱ
΢΢һػĿȴֻһԶԶߵӰɵݺݵһɱǧġ
޺޵վѩãŲĵس·ȥߵֵʱϰռ£˵·ȻѣƿȺײײسһۡȥ
ԽͥԺƿţů紺ҡ
㾶ֱȥ
֮ɫ԰ףݣڴĿϢ
΢΢̾˿ֽһϣȥ
¶̶۾
ګګһЦᣬӡ
̴𣿡 ¶ͻȻ˵·֪һС
ûУҪϿߣҪˡ
¶͵֣ץס˳ס۾еʣô֪
˦֣һЦʲôֻ֪֪ĥ䣬ȲԼҾԮա
¶һ֧ڴ࣬ȴٿһۡ
ȥΰס¶ӣзµҸ㻹УҸ㻹Уһˡ㱳תӣù¶˫ĿеӨӨ⣬̼ûҴ֣Ĺĳһ
һǰӹһӰ䣬תʧѩա
ƱֲƬ̣ޱתӣң͵͵ãǵô

˫ڰѩǵ䣬ϵΡڿһΡķ֮¶ϲɫǰԾȥ
ݸԺ˫ŻȱߣĿⴥһ̨͵ľأͣ
ȵ̤ǰͷ鿴
ϰѩڱ̦ⷺŰӰһƬ
˫ɳ龮̨ϵĻѩֹ¾ڣֻ˳ɵɫһһԾԥС
Ӽٵ½ֻķ½°ڷס˫ɵ۾˫ģƷ򾮱ڣһ·ĦŻһǳǳĺۼ
ﾮף˫ӵںѩϣӡһĿΡ̧ͷ¾ڣղŵƷ޷ʯֻ¼ģӡǣԼϷľڣСֻʣһ
˫ջĿ⣬ζӣʱѨ̧ͷ򶴱ڣм֧Ѳ棬ȡȼһϸĵʯڣѹһ֧˱ˣ˺п֡
˫ִѣسڰȥ
Լ˰㣬˫ɹĲ·ǰУֹƬ̣ǰͨǲӰͳƬСľҹС⣩Уصش
ͳˣŸѨߣžڰĵصԵø
˫ɴܴһƳеС·轲ľǺͼֵѰ߲ݣֻϰɫ޸ģĳһһλ·ǹָָֻܶɽĹ¡
˫ĬĬش˼飬һֱ˼Ͼصʥʫ֮˰
˫ɴıһ˿ССĺɣǡ
˫һϲԾȥϵĻ͵ñһӰУ㻹𣿡
ĬĬ԰߳ס˫ɵĿ˵޴
˫ɲᣬֻΧһȦżʵаǷĥ㣿
޸֮мڶ֡һɫԲת
˫ͻȻ˵
ֲ֡˫ȵؿס磬ĬĬƶָ֮ϡһŵͳ˵аһѨУҪÿʱʱ˹һΣסţ߽࣬⼸㻹ǳ˲ٿ࡭
һһҰ׳˿ࡣ
˫΢΢һЦǲֵŭ˵ַΪأѰ˾Ʋ˹·ãΪƳ롣
˫ִУŻѣĬ˫ɽҲڱڶĵ΢Ц΢ЦϣǾþĥѺؼ˵ϲá
ãֲų̾һ˰ˣһҲá
˫ϯض̧ͷ֣
˳˫ǰǵƽ壬϶Щʹִ
šֵ͵Ӧһ
˫ɽƵֺ󱳣ʼ˹һᣬ΢΢˫Ŀ亹ܣͷۼŵƵİֵ۴شزʱ˫ͻȻ˫磬׼õ룬ȵسءϪһ롣
ֻϿɣͣδȥץӣֵֻ͵ʹ䣺𶯡ţֻԼһģһƿն𣬴͸ָڰ
ִ棬Ծӻƣ磬ɵһЦܡٻͷ˫ɲ԰׵Ϣӣסȥ˫ɵ壬ﻹһֱѯʣôˣ㵽ôˣ
˫ЩǱغһֻǴһֵֻϣҲ֪úܣղľͱҴһͿ
ְ˻ŷһ˿˿áҲǲ
˫ɽץסֱֵָۣףȻֵͷֱۣʹʵûô
˫վãȥö
ǰȥʰݸ˫ɡӡ
˫ɾ룬ڻ±ϵĺ£ɫ԰ףǣ¶δ͵ЦݣϢ̼á̧ͷֵǵݣ룬˵аҪʲô
˫ּ˫ɣصʲôû˵ǰҶ˽Ҹղŵ߶ûֳڣϲ˰ۣҲ֪ʲôġ
˫ץסֵһֲͺһ˫ƺЦһԲ𡣡
ǰ֪ʲôɣһ˻ѣһֲ˫ɣǰС
ǰǰٸ˽úܵ
ѹ￴ס
Уô֪ߣ
ƾоߵġ
˫ץֱֵۣͣϢһ¡
Щżطŵӣϸϸ鿴ɫ˫ɵһֱкֻŴһֱֲ
˫˫ȣ˫ƻɵϢĬĬԣݡ
֪˶ãžĵصͻȻŨŨĿԣǴöķ磬һֱĶѨڻơ
ɫһ䣬ֱѱ˫ץסҪ˺ǹ¶ӡ
ĸ¶ӣ
лм¶ӣ
¶ʲôƲסеľ棬ʡ
˫ɵĿͶ޾ĺڰ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ĶѨڣһȵĽŲ꣬첻ӳŵĻ⣬߳һӰĹӡ
ֵһμ¶һ˹ĳ
ǰ깫˵Ĺ¶õϣһԵʡ˫ڻӳѱ棬ɫ԰ףӢһֱѵݵ°ͣʲôûվ˼֮ңؿţγһݳĬļӰ
ֲͷ˿ʦԼһǱգǰĹӣţһϵɣһǵϵࡣ
¶ĬȻƬ̣ȴ᯼š
ǡ¶Ŀֵıϣ˵
˫˳˵Ļһץסֱۣվ𣺡¶ӣܷ¿󡭡
ԭҲҽͲ֪ܲҽҵļһ¶վӰУ䵭
ֵ۹ۼɻ󣬿˫ɡ˫ɵĿڶ棬ȴɫᳶֵ䡣
־һж˹ϢعͷŹ¶ʲôӣ
һ꣬һʱο֣ΪֱҲϰΪ뿪󣬲ŷԼһֺĲԭϲʳʣԭϰߵĵطĿȫǣҳԷϢ·˵ﶼӰӣη硢ѩ졢һֱڴͬ⣺𣿿гԱůеطͣ˿ڷ¶޻Ϣȥݺʹܺͬʱ
¶һֽץסĿڣƵؿԣĿѪ˿ǰ֮ϣƬ̽Ⱦ÷䡣һһһΰ׾󣬳˫ֱֱȥôĮһ˵ңܻ𣿡

                  
32.

ӳ£¶ĿʣͫŻȣˣס˳һ˵Ŀ˳ˣǸɿѾõǧ࣬ٵһޡ
˫ĬĬؿӦ
㣬һˣʹľҲ¶֮ɫ㻹ôûûεվҹӲдٲά衣ʱ룬ҵز㣬ֵʹ
¶һһߵ˫ǰͷ˫ۡ
һֱû֣ܼѵתͷѣԾػţɡ
˫Ŀţɿֵۣ˳ָ̧ס˹¶硣
ԭаɡ¶ſڣֶ֪һֱָоֻҪһ֣ͻѵøԶûо֮ǰ˵ǫѷƽڼ㣬ȻԳơ¡һһҪЩ𣿡
˵󣬹¶ͷ˫ɼϣƲһؿԡ˫˳ź󱳣ķ˿ĬĬؿ֡
һ𾪵վڻѵףԡСͻȻּ˫ϵЦݣͱϵӭ
ӣвԾȣξأ
˵䣬˫ͻȻһ¶Ѩȵطסӣתͷ˵ҷסȡ롣
ɣղŵˡֳɵؿ˫ɡ
£λľˣһҪúûšĥˣ³ǲȫ
ֽӹ¶ԼǰվȻ˵¶ôֳҵĶˡ
Ȼٸ㡣˫ɳΪ¶ʼˣĬĬر͡
˰յʱ䣬˫Ϊ¶Ƴ룬˵ʲôһᣬбŵء
ִ󾪣ƽźù¶ȥ鿴˫ݡ
˫ɵغ˫ۿϺϣϺ鱩١ֽӣŶãһա
ã˫ɺƽȣŲӣʼϢ
һʱ֮䣬Ѩָֻǰľ
˵ɣ֪ʲô˫ֵۣ˵
˫Ŀϵ۹ջأҲŤˬһЦɾ֪ġ
嵽ô£
ʩʱʹʦҵķַǣ޼ʹƬ̱û¡
־һʱпƽ˻ᣬʵλ¶ӡĬĬǲһľɽ
ǣ˵ֻˡ˫ɿ˸ͷ̵ض˵Լ뿪аɽׯļ£¶Ϊ˲֣Ըӣö룬Ǿڲǵܡ
¶麮Ҫůܻ֮ʹۣѪȡֱĽĥ壬żңԹ¶ӵĴĿǰΣռѡ
ֿ˫ɣֹ
Ůӡ˫ɿ֣ƽ˵ĵ׵ɻ
Ǹղڶ𾪷ӦӲϾʱֵҲԵ򶨣Ŀ¶ϣʣô죿
˫ɳĬվȡ»ӳ˶ıڣܳȥһַҽι¶ӵ޼ǹӵĲҩҽҲΪ
ɣ㵱ǡֿ˫ɣػûڸС
Ļ£˫ɵĲӰУԾĻ磬ɼգƺһʵɴ塣ĬȻվãЩľګ˵
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һֱһˣǰȱº֮ˡһֱҵУӯҹҹϢѹȥҴδо뿪ΪʱҵߣһһЦɢڳҵĺһǳһֱĵס
κ˺䷭ɬ˳һǰ˵ЩЩǰ֮ˡ
ʹɵʬ޴ʱܻһƽ޼ķ磬ӾٽĻдڿտɣĴϷӪӪ
վΪˡ
ŵɽڣһͳɤ
ѭȥ֪ʱ¶Ѿվ𣬿ŶĬĬ˫ɵıӰ
ҵıⲻˣֻǿƲʹһϢͷɱ㲻صǣԼľǷɶ˻̰ľһ˿롣
ŴΣĬȻһ̾ջûз
˫ɳŻѣӱϣĬȻáֿı飬²͸ں롣
¶ӣ㻹𣿡ƽһǰһвҪ취ȥ
¶ȼ£˫󣬵˵ʱ֪һɽ˲伴̸
𣿡Ȼر𣿡
ǡ˫ɾѣȻǰУұһֱаΪοÿΪ룬ڿıڣһȻ
ЩɲؿĺӰ޷
¶ȡַõĻѣĬ
ҸղŸڱڣ岻֣ܶȻһ˵أͿ֬һֵܲͣӻҩȼۣ𼴱ޱȡаؽѲ⣬ͿĨԴʱޣǽҹʱ
ʱһʹ̡öûж֭ǴҩһอѪҺ߷ʹ񡣽ʱԸƱʧֵȼ
˫ɻعͷ֣ԣ˴ûгڡҩһųɽ̲ڡ
Ϊɷѿġ亹
¶ǰӹ֣ں棺ôһ˫񡪡ͳһҵԸճһǰֶΪ
վ
˫ڳǵĿ⣬֤ʵԼƶϣаɱ˱ʱϵսΪأҪѾԼȥ޿֡
УҶ˵Ҿöӣûһǻ˫ɿ֣֪ʱһܣݳذο
¶תĿˣ΢΢һЦһʴȣΨң˲̡
ЦݺŻһԾңԶ¼š
˫ɴԼϵӰӣӣƻˡƬ̣ǳǳƶƤ˵ˣԲͬ
¶ػعͷǲͬ紫˫ɣĿȸʢǲͬ
˫ɺ־ź󣬶һۣ
ּ˹¶˫ɵľĵ׾ãǰĹ¶£ѡꡪһЩʶͬйۻΪʵģѪġɴͷβһζάпѣǳԼ¶ľϲȻȥƽľګЦݣǡ
˫ɾþ죬Ϊⲻ˹¶֮⣬һˣԼǸɽֹ޷
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˫̧ͷĿǰȻֵļû̴֦ͬԹ
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£֣˵Ӳ̽ң֪ʲôֻ
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˫ֱ˹¶֣߳Ծ֣϶ϣѡ񾲹䡣
ǰǱޣд£
ûС
¶Ĭȴˬؽ˵ʮ꿪ʼĲΪӱ׷ծ߱ϱݿ⡣ǰаסңԴǮգΪϸʮͼΣݹž̨ȻҲڻ
Ƿ񻹼ǵùųǺɽ򣿡
ǵá
·ֱܷ
һЦѡһȣӹ˫еĻѣǰȥ
˫ĬĬǰڹ¶һǷѾ֪ȥ·
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˫ĬĬȻ£ִ¶ɤİΪ˴Ϳɣ
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˫ȻһЦ
һǿ˽£
š
鷳ֻΪһܡ
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ǹٸԹı˽²ժƱҪ˶Ŀ·߰Ȧӣǵеú̿ͳȥųɽ֮ͨɽԭô
˫ɳĬظڹ¶ʲôû˵֪¶ƶȷġ
Ҳ쵽˴˵㣬ֻΪƽϢ¶ĪŭѡװơԶһ·ͷֶѨмйɣÿһڷֳ֮ӦСѨһ٣ٶ˷
˵һ¶ؿڣֻҲ֪㻹ߡ
䣬ǰȴعͷȻһЦ
˫ǰʰʯ飬ʯȥʯӦϣһֱھŵѨڻ졣ϵûϸҲһطƶ˵¡


33.ͻ

ɫ΢΢һ䣺Ǵȥô
¶һЦȻһֵ๫ģֻһֻܽȥ
Ƿֳָߵľֳɵʡ
¶ƺ룬££½˵ؼк̦¶Ϊһ˳֪
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Ʊаǰˮ©֮ˣֻһ׮
е
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¶ϸ΢Ҳƣת΢΢һЦ
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ܷ⴦ɽըһ
ЩҩһǾԭ𣬵ʱһʰ
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ֿŹ¶һֱ΢ЦҲһü˵ԡ
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Ĺ¶ǰ͵͵ؿԣ£½ߵ˫󣬴Ĺ⾰
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令֪һɱ֣һ֮Ҳ޷ңôĿľˡҶܷȡ֮ȷİȫҿ⴦ã˫ƽȵؿڡ
Ŷʲô
¶ӿԷסȫѨҺ㽻֡
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һֵӣ˫ĿգҲֻҪһŲܣ
˫ɿ֣ļ٣ϲ֪¶һ˿ҡʤȯһЦôʱ䲻ˡ
令ΪҪɱһ˫ɼתͷʱͻȻ¶
ضס˫ɣ
Ϊʼɰɣ¶
˫Ŀ˫ɣڹ¶ϣһ˿ֻЦš
令⹫ʱ㻤аһͬΪӣʵΪʦűаӰӽԳЯϣʱ令⹫·硣
˴֮Уа令ĺʱ令˼ƾŤתǬð·ĳһ令λ֮װ͡
һδӱаѣȻ󲨣һ۸ڶıаҲʼöС䣬Ȼ令ҲѴ̡ҿ令ǲܳһ
¶ɽת˫ɳĬվţ˫ĿĿһ˿˿𺣬ͫкʢ
ǱаҲƱǳ֮ˡʮĽֻղԡ紫ӰĸԹ֪ǷҲй¶ûһ˿һĳȴϧ֮ɫ˵΢΢ҡҡͷ
һ˫磬˳һ߷ؽֵˣһд˻𣺡ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô赲ңҵʲô
¶޼֧ƱڣϢѲãɹرƷӿܹУҲ޷ܣ顱һӰɨֱֱء
˫ɻͷ¶ɢڵϣһԽ
µسȭȣȴɿ֡˫ɲҳƣ˼֣һʱ֮Ͷ֮ǡ
һһ㣬СɽڴбߡУ˫ɳ׼ɢ¶һ˿϶вʯӡʯӲƫгƣ֡ͨһڵϡ
˫ͷּظ䣬¹⡣˸ֽݳĿȥβٺˣס·ڣˡ
񣬸㲻ܣֻƴȫһ˫ʼռǰĿ֮ǰݼͣеĽЩƫʼûдҪ
˼кĿһһͻȻȥ˫ɾƬ̣ߣ˶ߡ
˫ɷ֣鿴һۣ޴ţֽ¶㵹֮
¶Ϣ΢ؿڵ˫Ŀա
Ȩ֮£ʼ־Ԯ֡Ƶֺ󱳣ԴԴͳһУУѡ
Ƭ̣
˫Ҳȫѣż˵УһҪҵĻ˶ڣʧ񣬿³Ѩ㽫¶ӸϣɽһΣõξɿ֡
˫ɵҡЩԺһʱȫѣɣô书ǹˣˤҪɲ۹¶ӡ
˫֣峺۹һֱߣϸϸ΢Ц˵Ҫǵ˰ʦ֮һҪΪʦĻ˶٣ʼվתӣ⿪·
ִ󾪣תӹһ˿΢졣
ǵǸҪİ𣿴ʱһֱϡڶȥʱѴʮɽʱΪ˴ӱаͻΧڿӦǰơ㽫ϣ۶ߣֻҪз磬ܴƮУȫ㵽ɽš
תм˵أ
˫ɴ΢΢һЦ׼·ڻߣϵƬ̱ǺôգҲ޺֮ǰ
־ɵؿϴһЩŵɫ
˫ɳƣߣУ˻ΪʦҲﻹеڶ硣ǵý¶ӷڹų֮⣬ȥסù¶вˡ֮Ȼ
ͻȻ֣קס˫ɵ½ǣɣȥ㣿
˫ɱ֣Ŀֻһһٵ˵ݡδַӦڰԾȥ


34.

ķɽ졣һƬžҹֻͱϵķӣתȥ󸹬¹µĹ㺮ӣȵزtء
˫ԺڰлתɫƽĬĬؿʯϥ
û뵽ݶغʦƭﲻǵΪɶ칤磬ôҲҪܶ͹¶Żʶ˫ڶѨôĮԶ¶ԭһͱ֮ġ
ܶʱ˫ɰرԹϲԶĲпᣬʱȴм͵ǰ֣˵ҺǷʿʵʦԻɣǽ֮ΧһܽѣԼҪκˣ˫ɵĶ޷ܡ
ӹɽѨ鷢뵵ʪڶľš˫ʯڣעķ羰翵ԺһֱƵתһһĻ棺
ССӱѩڸǣڷѩоǿذʦѩϪȣʦޱسһãָӦϣٲͣиʮʦХǶμҸʱⲻȥ롭ʦһսԼ޷ÿ뺣飬һƬãȻУ΢ЦսҵĳĿꡭƺջ˵̿ʼתġ˵𣬱ѹ֡ΪϾһСĺֽʶ֣ſʼ׵ʦΪԵעԼгս޳ĵؽһС
뵽˫΢΢̾ϢԼʹȥҲԹޣղŹ¶üƼĻȻԹʵվԼǣ꣬ǿȵĹ⻷³ѹֹƧȻ±аĺӣ龫ǵ£ϻ̳ϿֱƷԼ
˫ɻͷڰﰵʹǷ㣬ȴһ𡣡
ҲʱųһƬңʬɽѪɺӡ
ҲʱٳһƬڣҹ绶ƽ
ڵ³е˫ɶԣһжҪˡ
³ɽãƺ䡣
Уƣ֪ʱһ»ƳˣѩɲǷ֡˫ɿ˲һĻĵɽϪˮɵ΢Ц
ҹңǵЦǳӯ͸ӳ°塣

ڵҹдһضɽҡը죬ϲĿɣҶ֮䣬ͦεĹųЮԶɽԶûͷһ׾ŵ£ǰĿһƬտ
Ҷվڷɽۣ˫Ŀ۵ӦСĿһƬڰûһʱû
һ󣬹պкδ㣿Ӧӭ磬ڳѯʡ
ԶԶϷ⡣ҶͻȻ˵һ䡣
Ӧ΢΢һЦϳĺϼ绨Уȷ޷⡣
֮˲޻Ӧ
պǹɣ
ǡ
ȹعˡ䱼Ϳ࣬ձ߽Żŵȡʮݣ㹫Ҫ󣿡
Ӧ΢ЦŲ֮ˣ˫ƶ֮⡣Ҷעǰ¡
˼£
Ӧ΢΢һ٣תĿ£빫ʱԣضһ
׵¹ңԶĴϣ߲᯼żŵӰòҶĮ͸ɴӦж𣺡ἰӦһأ
һǲ㡣Ӧмؽӹ
Ҷ¹⣬ǰһߣֲмһ˵Įſ˼Ǹֵĳһ޷˵Ӱǳ¶֮ЦĵһǸˣʹڵϷԶˡ
Ӧ̧͵͵شҶֹĲӰĨЦͣפǣǱճƣζŷâĻ΢΢Ҷӳšƽݡžһ·ƽгɣݺƥСΨֵĳһֱƽ³ǣǿЦݣƺδ²ζѵǱȤ֮
Ӧ˵ɴ빫˫ֻۣҪἰʹûУҲ˫ַϡ
ûС
һ
ǡ
лӣպ󶨻Ӷ顣
ҶĬվţԶһۣźڳ̣Ȼεת˵Ψһˣʲôӡ
Ӧл׿ҶԶȥıӰӿǿҵľ죬ԡ

һֻɫĺų򣬴¹⣬سɽȥ
˫ᾧӨڹ͸߲ʵĹ⡣ŷԵתתƮǰͣˮߡ
У߳һɫӰͷͣͣʱ̧ͷѰֻټ

¡꣬¶ʮʱһ̣ݵһ̨һҹ֮Ǹ𣬲ڡ
ξʮԽ¡ڳսսഫɾžһʤ󣬽פųǣаǧʬ壬סɹԪ޷սո꣬ʦس
֮Ӧͳһ񣬻ʦ£һһոʮݣӴϱλ룬⡣
˴˵ǧսϣаȿֳֺҵĳնɱɾһǧȾ
ʷر๫ӦУͬս޹˳ɱˣǹ滨Ӱĺ
ߵعųǣڵصΪ֪ϣȫһʷ


35.⣩ȫ

ҳڶ֮ϵıаɽׯ˳ơа
аǸȡģ˵Ϊĸ⣬Ҵûм֪ҳʱĸ׾ͺľǰסĸ׵ϲһҪһǿԽСҶ
˵ʱֻˣһ㣬һ𶫸һֱѧȴһֱ棬ʱ˼룬һֱ˵СӣϺܺ棬ȥ𣿡˵ľһ仰СӣЦһ𣿡
ǵģЦᣬμ⹫ҵģ˵⻰ʱܺڣΪСʱĻһֱԸ񣬺ƫأҳһˡ
ˮ顢µ͵ǰҵɱҵͯ꣬ûһиȤڶ£һֱԶڿңص⹫СС꣬ʮֺÿ
ҵһ˼ǵʱͷжʱһͷߡ
ץǴ򲻹ңǱ׵ŰһҲ򲻹ҵʱ۾ңҲ˼ǲ˵ݺǵĿ⣬ȰշһҾͶ˵˵ĸǼŮҰҲȥˣס˼ôԴ㣬Ű˵߾粻ɱʹ⻰˼һ죬һ꺢ӵȥȷѣˣֻǺˡ
Ǹ޵Сӣÿ컻˸ɾÿսսңһֱϲߣҶӵ¼ͽܣһ˸һꡣ

ҵһμһĳ֣ζʲôһҲû
һѪ۵Ͼ裬Ҷʱüͷ˰ˣɰֹϾǰ϶Ȼôö˶ǰ϶Ǹ֡
ϣĬ£ƫˣҶʱе棬۹һֱſǵʱҲ֪Ҳܺ˵ġ
һ˼нҾͿˣ˵ȷǸʦõģǽδŵġ¹⡱
ȥΧ˾滤˺ܳʱ䣬ΧȥϢû£˹
˳һҼ磬Һˣиջһӡʶȥ˺۵ʱǲ׹벻ԨĿʼ
¶˲֪ڳһǰ˵ʲôһҵʱо룬ҼȲϲһԭǣŵ֪ȿһʵݣпܻӣһ뵽Ҿ﷭ڣÿμҪɱɱҲҪԵƿܶ˵Ҷݺһôˣ
ٴμһݳʯϣŵһֲһζΪҵıܹѵζеԶҳ̽򣬱Ƴ˳һζԭͷ䵭ҩ㣬һҪر׽ŵõҲǺ֪顣
һ۾ˣǰɱôˣȫݺݵضңǳһ۹⣬ôô
ϣһʹ
վԼķ﷢һžԼ˫۾ס֮鲼˽
һҵ޾װ޷죬Ȼ֮ǰֵ׼ڸгһϢֻû뵽ԼŪ檵ӱôӦ
һסŮʱҾе㻳ɡһбãΪҲѧҵƢ֡һڶʱ򣬻ƽ
ڴʵҪѶϢԭʼаȻȻ緢ˣץסһҪץסúòˣʲôģȻǰʮ֪һʲôҪˣΪһƽ
Դҵȫһ߸
ڳһһֱиоֻȲҲ䣬ͻȻð˳ԳϿս۾Ǹȵӡǣ˵ʵڻҵȷԾȻûƻʲôΪȻѡɱΪȻң飬ҵʱͺܾ죬ֻûбֳ
˵ǰĳһֻССֵע⣬ôս𣬵ȷҵĺ棬ҾͰˣȻһӦг˱񣬻ӡ֤ҵ뷨һȷ޴ڰ
Ӧеǵ˼֪ǰѳһҪȥһݺĥҺӦͬ࣬뷨ʱûдӦԭܼ򵥣ҵģҪĥҲֻĥң˭С
һҵһƳӡ̡ҼǵôСֻҪҳֵĵطҪǱȿֺؿòҪΨΨŵŵͷΨ˼ɣĮȻҡҪ˼ܼ򵥣ԽԽʱ򣬾ǴԽԽʱӲϲ͸˴򽻵ҲҶںСס¶ϾͶԭ
ž̨ˣӦΪǷһôҲûϵôȻȥ˵³ǣҵʱֻһ⣺һȥˣλѵǸ룿ûǸˣֻҪûһҪץúоо£ûƾеĶ֣ôġ
һһ֪һʵʮ𾪣һƳֵ룬ѡùž̨ըûֹķֹѰζĵط
ԭֻҵĳɹ˵ص»иǱءԭҵĳɹԳϿս𣬾Ͱ㼣ֻ˳ڵ³ȫ
ǵģȫһһһһ£ϵƵѣ롣ûз֣ÿμһʱҾͺǳǳ΢Ц
һ˫ɣͳΪҵһ֡
Ȼȫҵʷ

                  
36.⣩ҵζҩ

һֱŪҵĸףǸѧʿȻڹٻ֮ң׼ȾָȴҴ̡
ʱҵļֻ˲ᡢ̡ҩȪԳһ㣬Ҳ֪̥麮Ҫһйоصسˣֱȥ޷
ּдҽ®һֱжʫ飬ѧϰҽҩʱʦֳȥˣ͵͵ȥˣƬ󺣣Ƭɭ֣ôɺ
һ죬ҿһССںߵ㣬ȥʦ֣ʦ̾ҲǸĺӣ۸Բб۾ǺġС˸취ĥĥĿꡭ
ҵһ֪ˣеĺӶĽƣôأֳʵΡ
л¾ͺƽˣСС¹ӷ棬мϤͬˣǴδֻ˴΢΢ͷ
Ϊݳҵ˶ֻҪԸ⣬ⶫۿھӪ̣ʱ򽻻аĴ½ϵ̸糣˰ꡣ
ļﶬׯոһյصͬϵļʱǳ룺ʲô£ҪҾôһɣ
²ڵҽһ˵Ĺ£ǱаΪǸ˭׼˵ˣֽСһ
ô֣΢΢һ㶡
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ǸΣζᵽ˳һҲԺ棬ΪȻ£Ǵظ˵ĻĦ°ͣ²˵һͿԡ
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ѡ
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ǱԺ˻ģÿһʱ˭õһƬ½ǣʮ
ҵ˼ߵǿڼ·ӣҼ֣һ־ץס˰ıӣ˾Ǹ֣һǸˣҲԺ
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ʱҲ֪һҲһӡǳ̣˵źܶˣһֵڣһǱˮЩ˷󶼺η壬ֻ߽ǵ꣬ĮȻǱ޾ȣҺȻ˲Ҳ
һ˽һ֡
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ϣһҷ䣬Ҹװ߽СĴĲ΢΢һ㶣˺ˡ
װҪ·ӣҪѡһС˵ķװԥ˵ɫ
ɫƽгȾɫȵǳȵࡣҲɫصݹ·󡪡ǸŮˡ
·ϣظҡͷβĿֻ̧ۿһΣ˷ǳƽȡҲվڿշڣ˼Щҡôȵ˾ȻǸŮˣҶµƤӵ³ôࡣ¸ǸƵ˿϶ǴˣʱҾӳ
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Һһֱ룬ʱˣ̹˵Ժ󻹻ڣֽһ˱аЦǰѿڶ˵˾䣺һһׯɣһֱû˵Ӧˣһ㣬㲻Ưһ·˳ơ
ڣټһ棬졣ԭͺķһԵڱ·ϡʱ򣬵ʱ뿪һѾİٸҹ
һϣе飬һˮȵؼ尾ţһָԼˣΥĵظ׼ܣϵشӦˡϾ裬ȴ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϵ顣
ˮܷҵʱһҴԸʮԣܴӵãȥǱаûбҪôˣΪһôûϵˡ
ҾѺȻ𾪣ѵٻǳԱ⣿
һεܶݣȻƽĬҷûҸ׼·ܸˣ·һǺܳʱ䣬·ɫԽ˫룬ͬ뷨ͬĻƣͬĵûп·ϵܣҵ˽ġ
ˮܷߴҷңȥΪҵӲⱼ׵뿪ΪԼܹϰ־ĵʹʱҷҪȥұаǳĬ˽жãܹιעһԼҶע⡣
ʲôûһٴ
صΪƽǰ㾲УԼҲû뵽뿪һ֮ҵĲ鲻תֻԽԽʹľٶ󡪡Ҷʯһսǣĵһս
ԭĿΪϾ裬Ҫôģ˵δ˵ҵһ̫ǣǿڶѨ･²Ͼһ˵ģҹҹĵй
⴫Ϣ㱻ʱҷǳа񣬾Ȼлһɡҿ뿪ȥһˣʹůһ·ϵݣҲ֪ĵױ΢ϣϾֵĵطпܼ㿴ұ˵˵ҲˣҲˣҶˡҲǸˣҪҲܸҪģ֪
ȥˣңһ
Ųɱȥٴοۣ˱Ĺȵףҵ۾ƽûҵӰӣԷȴؿߡ
һۣʹ顣̵ˣȻ˵˾䣺¡ôҲû뵽ǳ¶и͵δޡ
ҽܵļѵ鲻Խҵĸ顪һµǰòӦǵ˶֪ҪôѡˣΪһûж೤ʱ˵ҵĸܣûлһ𡣿Ȼ֮⣬ܸҺܺõչˣǲᰮңΪ˵ԼҲĥػţԾδܹôܾң
ҲԹ飬һֱܣ޷ԴıͼįҵҪģҵζҩѾ뿪ҡ
˵󲻵ģһԸ


                  
ڶ  Ϸмľ

1.

    սƽϢһ꣬عţӭ͵ĳϦ֮ҹ
Ǳζǣ⸻ͨǵģ꾩˾ӲͬӾӳʫƣƷ̨ɫ˪£Բѩˮҹ˶ˮţһӵ̺ˮ棬ˮʤ˴
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عͷ׽˹һĨļ֮ɫ΢΢һ㶣ָоһӸµˣؿøسЦùˡ
ҹÿһεᣬΪϸӱ뵽չ֮ʣȼ̻ǰΪϯϣҹӰݼӣĿҰıаɡ
⿴Źӣӿд֣ġҽӦйҲδ֣ϯ֮ˣׯֻõص
ĳС˵ίֳԣ񵭵ת޵ؽǵɫӰʵ̨ϵˡׯعĺĿһۣ⣬ŵֱĬĬӣ
̾ϢһϵһŮׯ˫̵ǿõģԶʤٷޣż̧׾һۣˮӯӯ顣Ů۵ģǿһۣͻᱻ߻ǡ
ϯ֮ϣ֪͵͵˶۹ǷƱ߻ǵĲǹӣ
ׯңңףٽƣһƬʢУҶɫĮмڽʢͷǱپơ֧֣޳ָĬĬڣ۹עǰ档
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ҶȻ⣺ôǹ£⾽Ȳ
ׯ΢΢һЦӣʲô£
Ҷ⿪䵭һͣս֮úûһҪһǡ
ׯأü˵йأ
Ҷص䲻ɴ⣬ɱϡ
ε֪
ŵ⣬ݡǴڵһţջϻڴʢ䡣
ׯ󾪣΢΢ζżؽӻȥӵʱˬشӦûпΪ֮Ȼƶʥǣȡ֧ʦ࡭
Ҷһۣׯɵ侲ӡ
ׯضǣϡڳһ£Ҳ²͸ղλйء
־ڼɵȻ˵ûпλʲô֮
Ƿǵģ
ºģѾ𣿡
Ӷ˵ĵĵ飬и㣬гǣãǳͳɣɾͱҶһ٣˵ͶаΪãʮǰ׷ɱΪ˾ش²УȼһζҩֻС
˵ղλĵã
ǵģòƣŮӸպȼ
Щǰ˵Ǻͳʲôأ
Ϊǽֵܣ˵һӣҪЮ
ȡ಻ǾͿ𣿡
ҶãĬȻ˼˵˳һ㲻ʮ塣ȻԶвúд֮ׯһ㶣ƶƣƺָΪһ˫ᵽһ֡˶һۣһʱ֮䳡
洫ڵžžȼ̻Ҷ˳ȥ
ĿӹӰ߳ůңڴȵڣعͷׯ˵үյݽ˶ţ
ׯͷɻҲͳصľʣûĿãǸƽ˵ἰһ¡
սź˼ͺܲȶĪǷʲô飿
л˵ˡ峿һѺǰׯҡرһλӺһ֪Ƕʱ뷢ףϢ٣һҶʱֹظͷתȥһֱ̾Ҳɸ߹Ӵ£ΪѵشӦˡһº󣬶ݺ׹ȥһתӡ
ΣԵüΪ𾪣΢΢־˵ѹֵҲ;ƿģ֪ʲô£
ׯص̾˿͸¶һЩΣȫȻ˳һԣǶһγóһ۾ҪһΪʦ֪Ϊպ⹫ӵ׷ɱȷʦͽùӲǰ֡Ҳ²ἰ˳һһЩ飬ɱһߡлҲ֪ӡǰׯйµľɳɱ˳һ͵涫Ķ飬Ӳǰ㡣
ׯո˵һʱȷŸ𾪵۾˵ѹ˵һ˵ġ˵Ƿ˼ἰʱԵɪܣǼǰһĵεΡ
ׯؿ⣬ǲԼʧ̬æ˵ү֪һǰǺ¡ٱʱң˵һʹڵϷԶҲˡҵʱΪȻû뵽ģ͵͵Ǳ˵³ǡĵǶԵģֻϧһɱĳһڻػš
ׯٴζһۣתǵؿŹӱӰ
ǲӣԶԶûԤϵ鲻ס

貵̻ҹգҫ۵ĹâϿԴԴϵر̻ȾϼɢѤ䡣߷۰׵Ĺ£ǱһĽƣʢƻŽķĩشջ
ҶĮ£ͫӳʣ˫йȻСڵҹ޶á
ڷ׷ҹ£һЩ£ΪɱһǱ³ǣųǳûʱ˷ŭ𾪣һʯݺݵһɢ𶫸ȻΪ˾Ȼһ㾡ȫûԼеô𾪣ԭǸֵѾԼļѪ
ʮĿǱڶˮϣͷܶ׷̧ĿϿա
𷱻ƽƷȫֻжǲ˴ų
֪ҹΪǰףصģͬ졭
ĸӣ
ҵĹģǴģ͢ʥƸѡελӣеһλҶӰ
׹ǲǱɳϵŴ˿˫ǼĿĲ࡭
꣬Сĵ㣬п¥ϣҹ幫Ӷˮء
ǲףԶԶأֻüĵһѩ׵ӰӰУֻ貵Ĺâӹʱžһ㿡Įա
Ůľϣһ̧ʱŷǵӰһɢĻ𻨻£Ƕ΢


2.׷

ѩ£̻裬ʮĿյϣȻҫۡ
һȺзߵŮǰỽҴߡ
ϲͷõĻЦ硣
üĿһЦֱǰСһõ˴Ӵ߳ε۹һתšͷסӣЦԭǸ
̧˫ǰˣ۹΢ŽϵһŮ֪󷽣֪Ƿ󣿡
˫۲ס겱ӣ˵磬ҪұǸȳӡû˿Ҫߵӣһָţ󣺡硭
ŵͰ׾Сһ񣺡ǳʧǡ
ͷ񣬳һԣת뿪ԤںӰĶ棬̶̼룬Ҳҵġ
һϸƵķ˳֮ˣںҹ£ĵ⡣
Աˣֹ˳ܵˡ΢΢̾ϢˣԼٶ㣬Ա޹֮Ʊֻ꣬Ҫû¾С
󣬳ԼȱվڴߣӰ̧ӣһվԶ֮أĬĬؿ
㣿̲סȡͻźʣסڳɪɪᶶ
Ĭҡҡͷһۻеȴ˵Ҫ£һֱڱ㡣
Ƭ̼̧ͷ˫峺ԭ㣬ݳһ·ûзκ⣬ұͻׯסɱԭһֱںǡ
΢΢һЦ˰ɣͤׯ»ǰȫ֮ء
֪˶ӣټվֻΪ·ɱİӣǳ΢΢ͷܾĳ뿪
ɫ΢䣬תһֱĿӳȥӰڹס˳εʱ¶ۼһԾʮ¥ĵڶ㡣
ɴӣס˳ıӰ˫ֲƮɫУȴǿס˼ö롣ûгҷȥ֪ҷ¥һҲϤӰ
ɫһֱгײɢˮĺϡˮһһķƣɢԶһ·⡣
ˮʮĳڣڳ֣аͻϳңһлټΪԸ
Ｋͷϸͳ¹⣬ԾķһƵǰˮϵլһ㣬е룬һߵֱڳǡ
̻ͷмٴУ¹˪ıŰɵһˮƵĹâűɣһجΰɤһ

Ҷϳ˳һ
ڸ¥ϣεؿľɫ͸̻ȿǳ
ŸղŮںһ˵˳ųĿ⣬Ϳһ۵ꡪϰɫ죬ɫ½һߵơ
䳺׵۾Ӱݣ˫ü޳ɫƽˮ˫ƮƮڴ֮ԡ
ҶʶףΪƽú·߳ûκ΢΢ת˫ԶҹգŻ貣ǵ㣬ͻȻһ˫̶е۾
Ҷ۹裬ŵضס꣬עӵԽãԽ׷һ⡪ô˶̧ע̻Ψ˿һۣҪô֪˭Ҫôǲ̧ͷ
ҶǲӳһȣעǵӰ
ˮˮƷ죬ҶѾˣڵȣǷ־ԮȻ˽̸ƱѾʶѣһֻ֣Ҫ֣֪ǲǸˡ
Ҷڵȴʱһݵĳ¹⡣
пϴ޿ܿοԾӰ˳һ˭ӳаģ
ҶֻǿҷˣǹϢ಻ϵر֫ٺһƫִеĵһȣһ
ǹֵĻ⣬˵ǰӵˣԶһ￪նص֡
ǰƺܵøˡ
Ҷ˫һչҹգסǸζӰ

˫ɸһͷеȳˮơĿĺԣҶץԼ֮ǰһҪһɱˮ׵Ĵ̿͡
ˮлһŷˮˣһߣȾ˺⡣
˫ɿҲˮ񱼣żˮƺ󣬾˶ϴķɵһÿٶȣ
˫˼תĻһƷ磬һ˫ɵǰ·ͼֹΡ˫۽׷׶ܵ·ˣһ⣬ϡٵĶˮȥ
ѩżţһ˿Ӱʤ֮ڳϦҹ򾲵صȴš
ķѩղŻ·;ϣƬ̡ಡһɫıӰ˫ӰӶסɫ
Ҷתӣѩ䣬аȵһЦ˵һ
˫ɵִֽ¹⣬תһ٣Ĭԡ
Ҷס˫˫µͫʣͻɭȻڣʵýģһ䣬еƷȵس˫ȥ
˫ƺҶ˵ʲôֻͦӳĬţƷһͻ䡣ҶѸͣ˫Į˫ĿžϷʵĹâǰ꺮ɭɭĽӰֻ첻һ糤ʯʱĳ͡
Ҷָţץ˫ɵǰ˫ɴ󾪼æܣȴպҶȦסȵľ˫ɲ˫һץ͡һ˺Ƭ
ɫ½ƬɢУ˫ɫδüת䣬ҶֻεǰﲻɲѵħԼܣ
¹Ĺ⻮Ҷƣܣ󱻽绬Сأ֡һɹ˺˫ɵڶѡ
ɫ»Ƭίأ˫ɳҶһֵļ϶μ󷽡
˫˫Ŀ΢âէ֣Ҷ۾˱ѩĹâһ˫Į˵ҶӺ¡ԭ֮á
Ҷ䶢˫۾ǰ֮һ˿ȻǺ򶨵ںӵζŨͬʱƺҲһսӵʣ𾪹ѪҺƺȼ˹̵źǸһ˵ģȻһֱҪҾȥҲҪѹγѵͷۣܶһɣ
ǰ껹ûʧ򶨵˼ڱƷ޷֮ʱ̽Ƿ˿Ҷﲻɵһ͡
һƫƧ֮أ֮ȭȭܹ֮꣬һʢ飿
ҶڽĮ˫ɺվ
Ҷϸϸؿ˫ݣеر֣Įվǰʱ˫ɲ֪Ǳаèץõơ
˫ɵʹ˼аܶԼ⣬Լͼ󣬻ԼĿǰصĲԼǷܣβ½ġ
ҶһֱעųһĬǰ֮˻ڳδʱ俪ڣһ֮ѵǣ
˫΢΢һǻǼƽ˰Σתִڱۺ󣬻°ݣƴһݣ޷Ӫūͳһݼ
ҶԳơū͡ѩĮ˵£
̷֮꣬ȥöᡣ˫ɷƽ
ǽϳ˳һһػҪңڰɣ
عӣһҡ
ҶվڵѩϣһƬĮ˫ɷµһҼǵĻиá
˫΢΢һϢ･亹
㳼ҵԭ򣿡
˫ҧҧĿ£Ӧǣӳȫ
ҶһЦЦ·˫޷Цݹ˵ȫʲôѵ㣿
ȹҪһζҩĹƷ챦轡һԸ̷ӣֻӳ֮
Ҷ⵽˫ǰĮ˵õҲѣǿû¡
˫΢΢̧ףǰһѩ׵½°У˳Ⱦݼء˼ԱаĴţ˱Ҫһ֮£ֶ׳˵⣬ֻҪɹӷԸ֮£ӱضһŵǧһȻ֪
ɷԸһŵǧ?Ҷűļһٺ˵һ㻹֪Ҫʲô!
˫Ȼͷڴءƺ˳õľţõһ
ҪӼ𣬴粽̷꣬һڶ֣㡣
˫ȻֱӣĿϷһ˫տĮ۾˫۾ˮһע


3.

˪쳹ڶǿϿճƵػ졣ۻ˫ɣصͷڵأǣӡ
Ҷ΢΢ץס˫ɺڷǰһ˫ɣī˫۾Ϊ֤ʱպһꡣ
˫ɲֻŴֱҶɫüԼƽӰ
Ĭ֮䣬Ҷ֣ĿתȥĽŲôں󷽵˫ﰵԾģԺҪСˣ·ǲһ˿ġ
˫վֱӣ˳ָ˸۵ͷƤҶıӰҲĬȥ
֮ʢֲУ紵̡ĩ֮ʣէůѩ׾ӨѩУ·뺬뺬¸ġ
ҶƮƮһ·ǰУ޳ӰӳڲԵˮϣͬ޾ס˫һ·ظͻȻ˵Ǿ仰ѩ׵ڷɣžգǻ߳µˡ
˫ɴۣͬѩ٣ҫ˿˿׵ı


⹫ӽʮ¥ȥʱ̧ͷˮ⡣
ֵѾׯžĽֵֻüĻص˪ȫʧԶԶشӰ
⾪ϲӭǰӡĿתһݳӰʱɫ΢
˫ɽһϸ޳£ڷΪңɫƽɿ⣬תɻӣһЦ
ⲻֻ̧ҶƳ˫һۣ˵ȻҶ⽻Ӧעˡ
ⲻ⣬Ȼעǰ꣺λǡ
Ҷת˫ɣаһЦǹӣǳһ
䣬˫ԾɳȵӰУ泯΢΢һЦĿϴòɢȻ֮ɫѯʱֻ˹ĮȻǰеıӰæϡ˫ĬĬشӰ߳
žĽֵβͣȫѩ׵Ҷ㲻մصǰҲζģƮڳԯϡתĿһۣȻ복ᡣ΢΢˻̧㳯ǰʻȥ
عȴ˫ǰ
˫֪Ҫǰȥȴ˫ǰ䣬⿪Ķ΢΢һ㶡
忡ŵû˿ֻ࣬΢Ц˵һûڹ׷ȫݵػ
˫ɿЦݣ･ůβΪأûֱӰѡϷŪɡ׷𡱵ĵ
һº˵룬һ
ŵѬ㣬˫סοһǣһֱصӲϲ໰Сͷ¶棬Խ񱣬ǳԸҳֲ֮ʳǳ԰ܹ֯¡ܹǱаԷִհүյ֮ˣչ˹ʳסУд㹫дСˡ
ϸϸǣͬʱﷺ˵ɷѿĽ͵аߣĿĵʲôҶᵽֵ֣еȷȫӳȥˣ˰δѶϢѵҶϣᵽҶϷŪңղһսǷѾ֪Ůӣպζȹ
ǧӿ˫˫ɫأ͸ɫĻŽҹ
Բҹϵﲻ΢΢ͻĹĿĵ̣һһСкͯڶ˽ҹУøϲ
˫ɿŷҹȻͣĶ죬زܺһ뵽ҪҹҶߣ;Ϣħͷ²ô׵طŹԼ
֪˫ɾس깫ӵĽɺǺ͵͵˫ɡ˫ɻعͷպÿһ̽Լɵ΢΢һЦлӺܺ棿
һЦ󷽣һض񣬽СЩ棬óһ棬޴ܡ
˫Ҳ˵Լһʹﲻ֪˵һֱ˰ɣ
ⲻ˫ɵðʧȻԹԵ˵ȥһԭģҲſģӼȻҷԸ飬ǾԲɱ㡣 
˫ĵЩЩһЦа⹫ɫº̸ţȻǰĹڻģѵڱа߻ô֮ˣ֪Ƿϴȱڣ׳еѶϢ
˫Ĳ˽аˣ伮޼أӴ࣬;˵׽ӰϲֽթܣҲƶϳԼ޷²ˡñȸղҶҪ˼ǰôҲ벻
⿴˫ԥɫ΢Цԡһ˵¸Ҽ壬ȥһԼԹ޵ˣ湫лôҲ
˻ӣ΢ЦĬϸϸ˫ǽʾ֭شеİΣһᣬ˫ɴ⣬º͵ѯʣ⹫һֱң
⿴˫ɣ京һЦӾңͳһ˵ʱҪСġ
˫ת˼ǷҶһЩ顣ͬ·˪˲ѵ׼ͳһ˵ô
ڳºͣӾ͸һ仰һͨῪڣһ˵Ҫ빫һҪңҶζһ³һ
˫ɼĿľ죬ŤͷŴŵҹɫһƬҲδפͫʣĵȴѩս˹ף̽ĺ·ѷ
⿴˫ɵıӰȻõ΢Ц͵˵һ䣺ӻӼ𣬳һҪӰ̷ӣҪ令һ顣


˫ɾٽƽڴߵİа齣һƽʤ˰طڡ˫Ŀ͸̳ɴһǷϡ칬ǽɫߣ۴αȾȻ򡣺ɵ̼ϣһչĽ⡣
ҶѹʹҶɰۡղһ·شԺʱ˫һͷĽһֱѩ׵ҵֱָԺţŶԿӺ˸ûʵ¥ܱ߾ȻûһլټϽһΡȻ
˫˼ƶϳҶݡаĸҶǵȹʹ֮ŮӦǻϵҰڳҰ졣΢΢̾ϢڲŲԼһ۵͵вҶκϢǲұ۾
ҴͨΪһָݣѪתԸҲҪ֮ˡߵľҵԸһһ⽫͵ҶǰʹŤݣһҹ׵뷢ôܹӦֻ˳˼ɽ·ǰ˶ģñѱаҶصҶʲôûʾҪԺ˯䣬׺«ʲôҩеڲϣ¶ǻǻ˷ɽׯһйǵϢЩΣգҸЩ˵Ŀĺ
˫˺˼С¶飬֪΢ģģغ˫ۡ
һűѩϢǰ˫Ͼ۾һſ˫ͫɲ֮ϳ˭
ҶĮűһ˫ִ¾չ¶Ƶխ
˫һѸվ˫΢齱ߡãҶĲֻͣһ糯
˫ɵüĿü᲻ӵعĶһ£ɿһۣͷϷõĳĬĬվҶǰ΢üĿɫ
Ҷ˫ɵãûжͼɵһ䣺ҪԶ𣿡
˫ɰһ˫ȶ֣յǰƫЩ顣Ҷһ˫Ǵ࣬ҪƱҪƽ½󣬽Ӵ塣뵽㣬źۼƲǣ˫̧
˫ɼٵر˱۾Ȼģ˫黷Ҷѡ
һ΢µĴָ⣬嵭´޵ĵѬ㣬΢ĿԻûѱ档
˫סɫƽһһΪϺڽ˿һ㱡ɫɴ֡ھظʱҶ˲䣬˫Ŀȴѹؽǰݡ
һ㱡ϸϸĺ˫ɶͷתȡ֮ʣ̧£Ҷ΢΢һƲ
һдϣɫ͸ɴһ߱Ĺâ
Ҷڴߣʵڽ΢⣬ԵÿƮݳˡɫĳʤīüĿͦıµ˫迴˫ۣȻĮϢھһƳҲ̧᷸
뵭ףӰһ˫ɶסһļӰƬ̵ʧ
ҶƳһۣޱؾٲ뿪˼󣬲ĬϢɵתǸͷӵˣһ˫ѣصüĿ˹Զĵطͣ¡
Ҷת߳޾ӡһϳͥ£΢΢죬ֹ̧һҾ֮ʣ⹧ף򸣡
˫ƺЩ죬̧ĿһۣĵһЦ͸Σ˫ɵ΢Цһһɫӳ£ް㿡Ǹһĺۺ󣬾ȻҲͦ񣬿ݷǷ
Ҷûлͷһֱض˫ͫ

                  
4.ʹ

һڣ⸮Źաʿ绥أ½·Ѿꡣƥȫ׵һ·йҹšȸţ֣ͣ¥ǰ
˫ɵüĿϢ˫ֹؾصزУϥϡҲǽϺббһˣĮڱĿ
ʹüĿȴռĶ
򶨳ֲͷ
÷ӣҩ÷
Сֿ
˫亰ɵ̧ɿɨһֵۣΧһȺһߺȣûǸϤӰ
ЩջĿ⣬΢΢ŤͷײҶĮ޲ͫ۾һҫһգգ
˫ɴ󾪣æͷؾصϢ
巵ǰڣһ˰һߡҶס˫ɳĬĲգб俪ڡ
ǣӡ
˻һǰζһ¾Ƚͣ¡
˫ڳĬ£βҶĶ̧ͷӣضס˼תڳԯԡ
ͣڳ⣬ڵȴԼҹӵĵҶڳԣ̺õĽ̤ȴһ
΢΢죬ѯӡ
Ҷֺ½󣬷ϤϤ죬˫ִ࣬ƾɣһڳǰ
⿴˫ɣȻ缺һƬ˫΢΢˫ҹţҶڹҷ£ɣ
˫Ƭ̣⾯ʾ۹⣬һʹȥ
֡ͻȻĮ˵˸֡ɵðһڳͬʱ֡
Ҷһۣס˫ɵһƮ¡ָ𪣬һԿ̵ƮƮغȵץס˫ɵ
˫ռغһáֻꡱһѱҶѾʡƺһССƵıʱֶϡ
ֽţҶ˫ɲ԰׵ɫ˵һ䡣
ת۾ƺӳһһֱԼҹӲͬľֹȻᣬ㾡ȫȥ׷ϱˣ̷ʳסеİ׹׼κ˽һ֮ڣǰѳһʧϳͽ䡭
еɻôҲûֳһʲô֮ǹ񣬺޲ɱɷģôҲ
˫΢΢ף󣬳Ĭ
´ٷƻ⣬ͲѾôˡ˼ž֮䣬Ҷ俪ڣѾΪһٲ֪ڼ죬´οɾûܾˡ
ҶĮ˵꣬˫ƮƮﳤȥ
ȻƬ̧̣ͷ˫һۣɿ˵վ𶯡Ȼ湫ӵӰǰ
˫̧ͷضҶӰһۣݺݵ޳СˡȻޱн󣬽ҧأꡱһƹǽλԭָֽ˴΢΢һɱ棬˲ֻˬúûȫɾ
ߵºԣĬĬصȴ
ﲻĸԴŰ磬Ҳ糯ĹԱűߣưɨһۣĿⴥɫ΢䣬ԵͷС˫ɻͷ۰˵һ仰аɽׯĳӣ˸Ҳ顱ʱȻ
ĳɢȥŽ̻Ի͵ɫʣ˫ɶסʼڵ죬Ҳֱ治̫ĹԻǸûʵĵӰڷʱһɫӰٵӵԼǰһתĿ˵һ伴ʼӷԸš
˫ɵͷ㲻صسǰȥȻͦ˫΢ţȴǰ⡣һ٣ز¶Ҳȥ
˫ɴҼţߣ첽ţǰ
ǰƽ̨ϻȫ壬νֱۣų̺ʢ絤˫ɼĿӣеˣһƾԲ糯ᡣ
ͥз̣ٹٽԹᳯнǱһȾ̳ĿӺ䡣صɫʣΩһĨݺɫ࣬Ʈݡ
˫ɿһۣ֪ǵʥԼĿǰҶʹҶĿ⣬̨ųϲˡ
һڶ̷࣬խۡ󡢵رĿ뺺˲ͬ˫ɲ²ʹߣԱһʹ纺Ƕ΢΢תӣ˫ɨӲѰڶס
Ȼڹе˫ɷС֡
ղŷɿӹʱ˫ɿһĬĺȺ⣬˫΢̧££޷ⱾǼΪƽ󣬵˫ȥܾãͻȻһˡС֡
ΪĿʹնʮҵƶϣӦһ˫ϸС红ͯ֡
СֳĬ嵭˺ĿһƬĮ˫ȴʢĹ⡣͸СֵĲӰ˫ɻһȵŮӣ߹ˣһ·ǰУŵ
˫ɽסǵӰϸϸ˼ĶԻϳׯ֮ӣųơϵһŮׯλǱǰУȻǹ֮λ
ճöǴӳλĿƺͳк˱֮ʱͶ֣֪ԭΪΡ
յСҲ˴ѵҶץס
˫ɲɫתС֣˳ʱ䣬ȻǰĿ⿴ȥֻ̨ĸˣվһŨīٷۡ
Сֵ۹⾹Ȼǳޣһǰĳһδң
Ƭ𾪻֮˫ƺеСԭˡΪ˿ҶǰĺﰢǳĬӣ̾ϢŮῴǸħո̧ͷطСע
˫͸ӰԾػӣ˫һӴ˫ɾԭعͷȻҶһֱضסԼⷽ
Ҷ˫һֱȺһҪĲ˲Ŀӡٴο˫һۣƶ˶ѣ﷢ģôĲɣϻȥٺúõ¡
Ҷǿұ£˫ɻ˳۹⣬ҵʾԼǸˣһ۹ӵĹԱԼĿ̨񲻶
Ҷֶס˫ɵĿĿƶȴǿǰߵϻȺ߳ȲǰУϯ࣬վ
һʮбһס˫ȥ·̧ͷһȻϤףһʱ֮ϸ
źĵķɻٷһۣȻ˵ԭӼ֪кηԸ
˫ɵͷԼǰ½ССҶӣһɫıƣɵһƲγƺºʹ˽λá
־ͳκ£롣
˻ʩֿվ˫ɴκߺ󣬲źۼغһڽж֮ǰղκ֮κ£Ѿϳˡκ¶˵ʱǰܻζκӰӣòƶһˡ
Ի£ͬۡǽŻӣŸ׵ġ
ģսǱȻټĻصߣ˭Ԥϵ죿
˫ڿɬζʱֽǵɭɭĿ⣬æעųصı仯
𣬿յϵĲ̨ɫͷ׵Ĳ
Źô򣬲ԽԽߣ󣬡塱һɢըֽŨ¼У顰̩񰲡˳ơ
ϳ˼Ŀ˫˼棬ֻתĿʱ˼̨ۣľǷεӣ֬ζʹڵʱҲ򶨣٩٩̸۾תתȥдʫʣԭ䵱ʥѭʫ顢֡䡱ʹͬ֡һֵݺͳйأ֪Ƿϳ
ݳӳңǹеһʦͽȻΪΪЩ˫֪ݣ֪Ϊʲô˴ɱǣƳ
̨Ͼ˲׷Ϣעϡ֮䣬̨תỺһվһɫӰ
˾ѩĿٷׯݣĳ䣬貨΢ӣɲɷ
˫ɲ΢΢ڣעŸ̨ϵĳӰת䣬ֻֻصХߣҲº͵ŵЦš
ҶɨȫҰӴ֮޲Ȼͷǽһۣ޷شüĿ˫ɡǰվŲ࣬עӳر仯˼㱣ľ
һ˳˫ɵĿ⣬˸̨ϵӰ


5.ҡΣϣ

˫һ֧Өѣ΢һŨҵĵƮڽϿաѰõ֣ϾƣĹ֮һĳȴ㡣˫ɲ˽ָƾֱƵһֱֵ˼֡ĵӾȻаĵ
֮Ǵļ϶䲻ɪͣŶУȴǱһζ֮ʱѣͻ䣬ͳǱ˵Ĺ㺮ӣҹҹ˵ں޵İ
˫ɿС֣˫ֹ֮ʱ΢΢ף˫ᶶ
ءһȻֹþþĬ˫ĵһƬټ֮ҹ£һҶʾԱ͸ǰбͳԵӣصһҵ۹⡣
˫ͫˮӣһһϣΡ˫ɱϴΣһ䣺硣ɫƲǣ΢һתĿ⣬м
ͬʱ˲յǳһںڿУ沿ƴ
λδ׹ڳڶỺ͵ûиı䣡
ɲǼ˫һ˿õԤףоô򵥣ҶҶǼ֮ԣ溬ǰƶһ֮ͻΡһ˫ףӷˡ
ͬʱ̨α䶯
ˮһƷ̨ţ֮䣬̨ײð˿˿ȡỤ̃ҡͬľˣۿҪ󷽵ֻ̨һ˲䣬ҶǳƷʹµĽλһһ̨Ҫͳ˲̨µӰɢ̻εض½ɵƮڲ̨ǰš
ҶĿ⣬ͬʱڷȵκͳ챣Ϻʹߣһ˵ȶö쳹ǿһϺתΪѡ
һ֣Ȼر巵ţԾ̨κѻҪȥ滷ŵĽ
Ҷٷ˫Ŀڷ˫ɽ֮ˣΪһɣζֽյҶȴ㳯ȥݵӴ롣
˫ȴòΪһѾ˽̨ҡҡ׹Ļ̨ϻӰǲ߶ͻסĳ˵ı˫΢ţ˲ϲԾ̨ۼһĲˮȫȻ΢һãϸȻȥ
˻˻˫ɺðƺ̣·̸ʴã¶˼۰ĿðѪˮΪ̿͵һƣѺоͽ̿ͻ¡
Ҷ죬תһۺ˫ĿסǵӵӰȴץ׷׹̨סһҲһӣԱšȻָһϸƵķ󣬷˶ʱίء
£˶ɫȻǵɫӰĿĸ̨ϣ׷쾪
˫۽ӵҶϸСһץʱ˾ҡεĲ̨Լⷽȴܣվǰһδ˵ľУ˫§סƮƮ¡
˫Ŀ˫۲˫ϣĺ۾һбڸĿǸе㵭Ѭ㣬ɾˬζˮضסԼԼ΢΢һЦһЦ׹ξͬʱݣ˫ɵɬһЦӾˡ
˫ʹĿδκ飬΢Ц˫æӹ˫ɣĿ¶м
ҡҡλεĲ̨Ȼأ˫ƳǵȻʵӰ󾪶ӡ
Ҷ˫һչԾȺֱطһУ޷粨ˣ׷˵
СִΪԾתؽߣֻһб㱻ס˺Ͷá
ҶضסС³֣ҩ
Сɫ԰ף˫תۿԴ
ҶСץƮƮط̨ϣĿһ˵ŽСˡ
СٶƫƫֽűѨֲֻܶ˻㡭
ҶתĿ⣬Ƭ촽ؿ
˻һ˺Сֵ£ץסĽڣҪ˺µڶ
ס֡ڵǳҶ۽ɨ˫ɫһ˿һ
һλת泯ҶһҾº˵ӣĿѲ˽ݲ
ҶᣬĿȴһδضסС֣΢һ̨˵ػ졣
£ι̲ɴߵ̨̻Ϊ촷ۡ˾䣬ֻһɭɭ𣺡Ҷˣ˸Ҷ
ע̨ϣɫⵣǵؿ˫ɣɫԽԽ԰ףŴ΢΢
˵ղǾûôСһˡΪӶԴһһ㣬ǻУСƾŮ˵ֱ֪ҶĿеλƽ
Сĵ纣㷭ʱҶС֣ٲ֣ҵŽŽ֡
ɫ䣬Ϊ˶֪Ž˹ְ潷ʢ֮أϲŮҶ˵˽ȥǱҪܴݲĥ˸ɴ˻١
˫ҲܲסǰһԵڵء
ҶҲһۣһ
ⲻǰ˫ӣӱѩ۹⣬ֻþ

΢΢̾˿ȨλҶҲֻ

һ䣬Ҷ˫ĿС˫ƣСк˻𣺡ɱҲûнҩ
Ҷһһǰֱ˫ۣɭȻڣߣҽ⣬˵ƾ춪󣿡
ֱʱСӷششضͣħΪʲôһᡭۿҶʾִ֣ſźñ
ҶһץСխխñ¶һͷư㷢
Ҷ򵹵صӰʱ˾˫ɫתȻСԭǸŮˣһǶƾΨһմŮߣҶȻΪһ󶯸ɸ꣬űаر治٣
ҶĿ⣬³֡峡Ȼߵ˫ԣ½ƮƮתȥŲǰϣϳ£⻺С
Ҷס˫°ͣҩУͳһ編£ĿһƬһֽ֮תϸϸ鿴۹ӹһƮ

˯֮У˫ֻǰޱߣһҪϦ𣬲ļǵԭҰϱϣǰһֱеɫӰ΢ζ׷ԽԽԶ˫ͻȻһХ亹
һۣͶһ˫Өĺ
һλѩŮӾڴǰ˫ͫˮ壬ɢ浾ĹâôҲƲ۾
˫ګګһЦܹܡ
΢΢ͷһЦ令ʱˣӷԸϴȥ¸
˫ɴӴӲĴֱ˿ڣɵ졣ⷬģ˵令ǲٴˣūִһ빫Цɡ
˫ɻæһ۲ְסҼ磬΢Ц˵Ͱܹܡ
ͷתȥ˫۹һֱע󣬿ԼıӰﰵԭ⹫ӣалׯŮӣˣһҲϲ
賿Ҷ˫һվڻʽŮӼº͵ؽӴǣָƺ󣬾ȻСպˣ˫ɱ֪Ůּҵľϸ룬ƶϳἰġܹܡӹӷԸҲһڶ令˫﷢ֻܽܡ
˫ɶۣκɫ½ϣ˰Ҷӣһݣ뵽ҪıаԼʣ˼˳ȥ


6.ҡΣ£

һ嵭ϸϮӭ߹λװ̴ӣüĿ续Ƶ˫ɺЦԭģɱȲԭ令
˫Ҳ⣬̧ͷºһЦŮӼ令ͻЦΪһɫ˸令ЦˡȻһЦȥ
˫ɿԶĬһ¥ǰĵˮŮͼı˵ٻС
λܹڸмϣ˵ʲôѾǾ;ʧԣƽз˫סǰ
¸ǰһЦƿȡ˫ɴһԡʪĬ߽˸ڡ
ˣ˫ɶʶǰ񣺡ӡׯ
ҶϮڳѩУʹۣһѩ壬ǧ겻Į
ׯ⿴ӣĮضӿУǲýһ
ׯ˵ˣϸ˵Ҷ䵭ڣĿ估˫ɺ󱳡
ׯ΢΢һ˸ղųĬҶԭһֱڵҲǰиĳһϹӵΪ㴧ȹӴأٳʮأʹ¾ҲԴױ֡
Щӣ丸ݸѹȥĸӣǳǶһ֧ŷòȼ޳֮ٴת֮ʱҳš
һӹɫ֮ˣžλʹƣĿĲΪҳиɸ˵ܣǾѰʮǰƯԭСˡǰʥϣʥΪĲɱҲӣ޼ɵԭ򡣡
ʥͻȻְ񲻶ʼ˼ԼĻΪǰ֪ӣһӣԴ˵·˿ʵӣҲĺȻӶ׷ɱԼǲ߱ĸϣֲòչΣһ·ǡ
ӣҩ֭й˶ҩҪЮһҪƵ࣬аҩһʱƱЧԲнԺ֮䲻ƻ飬࣬ʥжȴն
ׯ˵꣬ĿӹӣһĲöᡣⴹͷǲӽ֪һкĿġ
ҶĮע˫ɱӰ䵭شһڣһô
˫ڵؽׯ־һһģҲ̧ͷֻǹӦׯ⡣
令롣ׯæ˵
ƶʥƻΪҪʮˮ׷ɱӣ
ɱһֹݴٶУ֪Ǻԭ򣿡
Ϊǰ֪ӵĴڣ
˫˿⣬ׯһ㣬Ųȷì֮һʱ֮޷شⲻҲĦµȥһ͵͵Źӡ
Ҷעӵ֮˰ΣͻȻڵ˵
˫̧ͷĿ乺飬˫Ųһ˿˿Ѫںɫӳ֮£ϸ۲컹ǲ׿
ׯҶȻԸղ˫ʺҶתׯĮ˵ʲôӣŮҳ͵ǰĿ˫Ŀʱʵһ֪еԭ𣿡
˫ɫ԰ףմʪͷϣӳĵ˫䳺ĿǰЩӦӽ̻塣ȴһ䣺ֻûô򵥡
ȻҶβĮ˵ˣһǼ仰պƱҪ׷
ҳϣʼδǲʶµĶҶ»޴Եӣô򵥡
ɱҰŵˡ
֪ӣйܡ
Ŀ顷βı䣬֣Ϊʾ
һһʧٵȤΪСͯϾͯ
Ҷ⽫ѶϢ󣬳ɹؿ˫Ŀϵʶ뾪ɡĮ˫˲䲻Ƶضӣɫ䡣
˫ɫӲ԰ף΢΢ҶһδʱѾյĻټϳպײеһϷȻǸҶһһҿյסɱȻΪ˱ҳ֣̽Ƿǳһϸı仯ҶС黭һȻǾ氵ĵˡ˵ǵľϾ裬Ϊʲôƫƫаѱ
˫˼תϽƽĬڼ˼ʹϾ֪Ϣαⱻаץ
Ҷ۸ˣׯ⣬˫ɵĴйȥ
Ҷߵ˫ǰǰ֮δȻĲ
˫޳ֽͫһһε۳룬Ͽȴ䡣һһսƣע˫ɣһ֪
˫ɵĺԽԽѵ³֣عӣһ͸ˡ
⻰һ˵кܶࡣ
ϧϢٺڡ
ҶĬ˫Ŀﺬѩ֮⣬ѩʣһ·˳ǰ֮˵üۡ£˸ͣӺɢҵ˫ͫҶ͵سֲԡ
˫δϵȻʧҡųǰԵײҶ֮ϡһȴֱǰ֮˰סͷ
Ƕ˴ǹϤĵѬ㣬Щ˫ɴ󺧣ܸղųܣ˳Ǵ˿̿ҶؿǰôҲҶᷢκ
Ҷְ§밴ס˫ɣ۾һֱͷò䵭ʹȴڱ
˫ſҶţɿ֡˿ĬĬؿ˫ɵɫ
˫һɣ˲Ϻ׽ʮǱѸ羪ӿһɣϴһ㱡ŭ˵ӣ㡭
Ҷ˷һݣͻȻԼʧ̬תȻһ£ָָֻ߸ϲһҶ˵һǵ˵Ļ𣿡
⹫˵໰ָ֪һ䡣
⻰˫²óȻڣĬŵס
Ҷβǰ֮˵뷨Į˵ἰҪҳϣһ֪ʲô
ǰ˫ԾҶĵ׷ݣҪõֶαú˼£ÿԼ˵ʲôԷһӣպΪѣ
ѡһ
Ҷ˫ĿסüĿ˵˫һʱľګתѿڶѡʲô
ٸһλᣬʥ˭Ҳ𣬳ѡ˭
˫΢΢̧ף͵Ҷ˫ֻƣôҲͷͷãĬ
Ҷ֪Ǵ̿͹𻵸̨ø̨ɱϣʹҲ̨кܣɽ£ԱʩġһʥˮܶȴɱʾΪһζóأΪʲôһҪѡ񣬶ѡһ޹֮򣿡
˫ɲ²͸Ҷ˼ֻܳش¹ֲ˿⣬ϳ٣ɵ˫üڤ˼롣
ҶһĮؿƺڵȴĻش
˫ͻȻиȡ͵һ£ŲųϾȻ̽Ȼ̽ԼǷҳϣ
뵽㣬ɵ̧ͷĿᶨ˵һ֪һӦȻӡ빫ӷŹˡ
ҶһЦ֪ЦǶ¶Դ𰸵Ŀ϶ǶҪԲ
أһ
˫ɶ亹δЪһֱܷʾ
Ҷվ˫ִ࣬䵭˵Ҿͷˡ벻Ͳ׼¥ֻܾ㣬պǶһĺһ㣬ƱؾҪһͷ˵ǲ˫ĬȻ͵ͷҲصﳤȥ
˫ɾΣҲܴһԻѹĵȴһɣⲻ˵ԼҹӲϲ

лҪ˵Ҷûлͷһֱض˫ͫˣٿ۾һöǣŭȼʡ
ЩջĿ⣬΢΢ŤͷײҶĮ޲ͫ۾һҫһգգҶһǹ⣬һ·˼ڸģΣСҲ棬һȡ
ֽţҶ˫ɲ԰׵ɫ˵һ䡣ֻСֵ֣Ȼʹ
´ٷƻ⣬ͲѾôˡ˼ž֮䣬Ҷ俪ڣѾΪһٲ֪ڼ죬´οɾûܾˡûӦɽ𻢣ٽӽˡ
Ҷ˫һֱȺһҪĲ˲Ŀӡ㵽׿ôúù?
һ˳˫ɵĿ⣬˸̨ϵӰŮ˻ܽܣھȻڿ˼㱣Ҳˡ
Ҷ죬תһۺ󣬣ھĸ
˫۽ӵҶϸСһץʱ˾ҡεĲ̨Լⷽȴܣվǰһδ̽ģǶ̽ĿǷλá𰸣ûС
ҡҡλεĲ̨Ȼأ˫ƳǵȻʵӰ󾪶ӡôһһҲǵ³ͺѪˡ
£ι̲ɴߵ̨̻Ϊ촷ۡ˾䣬ֻһɭɭ𣺡Ҷˣ˸Ҷⵣǵؿ˫ɣɫԽԽ԰ףŴ΢΢һ˫ذԺ̨ɵվ˶׼ֻҶôûɵӵĻӦأû˵ƺһֱڲװûأ
ҶҲһۣһۻᣬͷ㣬˶үȥˡ
ⲻǰ˫ӣӱѩ۹⣬ֻþ˽ƷĪ
Ҷס˫°ͣҩУĿһƬһֽ֮תϸϸ鿴۹ӹһƮҡڲ˭ָоô£ֻŽ˽УǸ𣿣
ׯ˵ˣϸ˵Ҷ䵭ڣĿ估˫ɺ󱳡ͻˣҾͻע˵ĻˡϵҹⲻΣʹϣԡ
Ҷעӵ֮˰ΣͻȻڵ˵ɵû֪ҿˡ
ȻҶβĮ˵ˣһǼ仰պƱҪֻĵķʣԺҪѵĻҡ
һһʧٵȤΪСͯϾͯ
Ҷ⽫ѶϢ󣬳ɹؿ˫Ŀϵʶ뾪ɡĮ˫˲䲻Ƶضӣɫ䡣֪Ͼ飬Ƿϲ
˫޳ֽͫһһε۳룬Ͽȱ䡣һһսƣע˫ɣһ֪ǷҡڲҶѾ飬ô֪黹űˣ
˫δϵȻʧҡųǰԵײҶ֮ϡһȴֱǰ֮˰סͷɱ𣿿϶У²֣ʶסΪҳڶʼɣҡ
ҶһЦ֪ЦǶ¶Դ𰸵Ŀ϶ǶҪԲϲ¶ˣҾ˼
Ҷվ˫ִ࣬䵭˵Ҿͷˡ벻Ͳ׼¥ֻܾ㣬պǶһĺһ㣬ƱҪһͷ˵Ҳ˫ĬȻ͵ͷҲصﳤȥҵռĿģ
ܽ᣺Сû̸Ҳû·̫Ϊģ˼ìܣԭ³ҡڲľģһ仰Ǹ׳ա 
                  

7.ž

ҶһϮɫۣ΢㲻մص߹ȣĩϦϣͬƣһԷ価Ʈ֮
˫ɸӰӺ߼ԶüĿһַ֮ɫĬĬβ档¸ʮ࣬ҵҶΪֹһ糣ָ߹ҹģ
ǵӰڵκĹӰ߲߰ŷ͡˫ɵͷɫƽأֻðصʿѹԼ
е
ͳô죿
Ͼھô֪ͨϢ
¶ôûһ˿ѶϢ
Сǻ
ﳤ̾ʱҲԼЦѱ˼ȥǱ˵顣
Ҷ뿪ƾʾ֭Ҳ벻ȻȻԺ˯ȥˣڶڰܹܵĽлʱ͵һԼƺ˻ˣԼǰҲȻڸ̨ϾһҲˣ⼸ʱʱ΢ʹϸȫûз˿ҶἰȡôأҲ鲻չԭ
һ⹫ӡ
׼˸῿⣬׳˵κѶϢμΪʣһӵҪʲôƽնһʵҲ˫ɻһ㣬Ŀ⣬ֻ΢΢һЦҲˣҹӺǷ޳
ƺԳһǰĿȽȻҲ׷һЦ
ҶͻȻֹ򱳺֮ˣʲô񣡡
˫ɽٲ̧ͷĿӣкηԸ
ҶĿҲ˵ڶ顣
˫룬ƺղڿ˼ʱǰ֮ἰһԪǺܿ϶Ȼ׿ڡ
ҶƳһۣת鷿ȥ˫ֻĬĬظǰȥ
һ·ڶฮѾҶĿбĮǰУ˫ȴ಻ԣ˼ڳҷ϶źݺѹֵ顣
鷿Ҷ鰸ǰһʱİ˫ڰһվ¡
ھƺûһ˿ֻ̣΢΢ŵ㡣
Ҷεضǰᣬβȥƿһҳ׽ǵ䵭ҩ㣬ͻһ˵ĴƬϢУҶתĿ֮ˣĮ˵ȥţźҾޡ
˫ɴͳõĿһ˿ɶŴ˾ȻӦǣӡ
ҶĿǵżıӰתһ˿˿ɬ
˫ɺҵԼǼªݲţصԡϣԼ󱳵˿ڣ޴Կ˵ڵسҶ޾ȥ
ҶɢͰİ֮⡣ڷ£ƺüԶ壬һܣճȫĮɫʡڽȴ˫ɵĵ
΢Σһ嵭㣬߽һɫӰ
Ҷ̧Ҳ֪˭Įڴϰϣ۹ڵĺڰ
ĬĬߵǰ˫ϥ£۹ҶüĿϣỽӡ
ȥҶҲδ³֡
Ůһ𣬽ūźӰɡ
Ҷתϵ˵ڶ顣
ֱк̰ҧⴽ˵ΪαˣԸ˵Ҳ令ԸԼԡҲ׼̣
Ӧ֪ҵϰԣŮҿԲ֣ҲɱŮˡҶܣĮڷڣʹýű֮ɫ䡣
Ҷű˫߿ŵһֱ£ȴɢųȻϢĿӺڰһҵˣ˭Ҳܶ˰ƣֶʹ󷨣ҲɱĶͣ
ǺǡЦһЦ绨㲻ɱҺ±ɢҲĴݲУͶ穣ӣ˼ĪԴĶͰ
ҶضĿÿɷ
˫ǰףͫˮӣʮʱ̵ׯ磬Ϊ˳֮ܳΪƥ֮ˣôһ仰Ͷ˰
㶯˭Ҷ⣬ΨһȴǲСҶ˿תһһ˵
ܲסشضδξӨ䣬ӳİĹԣͻȻݳһȥرסǰĮ֮ˡ
Ҷ񣬶־ϵƿĮСǲ˺塣
޵ڵأͻͳһСذףݺݳѲ䡣Ҷ죬ȴͷһӣߣ鵯һָѨλ
תĿ⣬ȵһ
˫ĬĬתɫ԰ףĿЩ粻̧ͷݺݵرӳڷڵǲǺۣ֪жˣ
˫ɳգû뵽˻ֵľ棬ȴؼҹҵ˺ܶ෱£һʱĬ
ҶƳһ۳ĬĲӰǶװϰΪ䵭˵ȥҩ˵ȥһķ硣
˫ӿǿҵ֪ԴǰλƽׯŮĬĬطԼϢĽϡ޷˫ʢ׺ݵĹ⣬˫˻𣺡Ҳ֪˶٣ǽҪҲ׹ٲԨ
˫ɴڰǰ浾һתɷЫˣֲ֪ôڰοȻһƬҡԼ˽ĺ˽⣬ܵ˺Ѱĥҹҹ˼й֮Ҷ޳ΪղִάԼԸϾ˼װôȥ̰ˮ̶
ϸز鿴˫ɳĬɫ˻˻һЦаɰɣ
˫ͻȻһЩŵؿܹô֪ҵ֣
Ҳ֪ǰɣһ֪Ůˣʢ⣬ЦƶߣΪ־ڹ
˫˫ݹâվԭسͺˣˣҶô᲻̽İ˵κ߷ã
ס˫ĿһЦ֪𣿳һ¡
˫ʹԼ侲ϵع˰ǰɭɭЦ̧ͷңǷҵġ
˫ɱ˱۾Ȼָһ䳺ΣԾŰűŤ
ǰΪֻʮͼΣǱߣû뵽ϲңĻʮͼһǰżң겻ظӰ֣͵˹ǰӼΪ棬һǵ칫ϵı飬ҵһοСϤĹӾȻ¶ͬĮɫ׷ʡôûǸһһӾһסԸʳѶϢ
置Ψһմӣóùƺ֮ұΪһһԹ˵һУû뵽ڣܾʳһЩǰһΣֹȻмƿ˿ҵ۾Ҷʱߣι˹ƶһҴʧȥ˵ƣ˵֪й顣
ֵĺǶʱҸʱ⣬Ϊ˹ҿ쿴ӣȻΪ˿ҡӾվӰ£ĬĬֵ˵Ҿ͵͵վڻȺĬĬŹӵıӰһ죬ҿһ仰תߣͷȥ֣˵˵һ仰ɡһʦŮӡ֪һɣֵʦǸŮˡ˵ݻӰפһӢܣ˿һûϢϵ㻻ףûڹųǡ
ǣӽĩϯҹ磬ʹ㣬⻽һҾ֪ҵجˡԭûӼȻ㣬ԺҲһɱ㡣ǵӰɣҸƵ˿ϽȾҵѪҵѪһСĹơʦһİӾȥ˫ĹƣһΥңͻ᳦ƶڷֲŮϣͻһ룬ʲôӱܡһ̷ĹӣҲ㣬ҲģÿʱҲϧ˺Լ壬ҲԵʹɣֹƶʴ壬ĹһҲ˵˺ùҪӱĳҵʹ࣡
ʢżĴ̣ز˵꣬˫һЦƿҵҵҿЩ˺𣿡
˫΢΢ףһƬشضģ¶һ͵ĲпᡣƬ̣΢ŵҹ˫ɵ޷չһһߵǰ
绨Ц䶢ڴһȱ׺ݵĿʱ󾪡
˫ȹأ۾һһ᣺һҶ𣿳һÿƤңʲôֵȥ˺һ޹֮ˣ


8.ӿ

˫˫΢죬ȫϢƱֻйɷŭ޴йɵþơǰ֮ɪһ֫ٺĳһ죬м
ķ˿ңۺݺݶסڿ϶ʹմ֪޾ֱãʲôʹģ
аΪʦҹ¶˼ʱҹҲ۾ðŴѩţڲ֪ԭʹ࣬Ϊò㣬ԲǰԼ
㣬ҶӦж˽ǳ֮ˣŪ飬׺ݴ飡˵ҵ⣬˵Һùǿüɵ޹ꣿüӵİʬ壿üȥʹࣿüܴݲеĶŮ飿üɽҰ˻üսϵ޳üų˲㸲ҹͣҶˣôҺһ𣬼ʹһҶ׷ɱǻǺúûţ
׸㣬ĹȻңΪ˺ҸҪúûţô飿һȥΪʹ࣬ҲΪ˵õһ˽Ĺӣû˵ĳ谮˷ǳŮˣһΪׯһ֮ĸķǣ˽ʲôʹࣿҪϲһΪȻʧжʹ࣡
˫˫ͫĳѵӼۣλεѪ̣ǶҶҪˣЦҷ˶ĲΥҺ;һս軹ꣿʹ޷ԼˣֱÿԼʹ֮ˣ
˫ɳصͺǷйƽƵ֡顱һݺˤ°ת߷߲ƽȥ
۹⸴ӣ˫ɱ󣬽յĶʼ֮ǣҲʶһ޺֮˵ᡣüһ󣬶ǹӾȻιʳ˱ܶ顭
߰ת˼Ⱥ˫ȻֻһοסߵһԲǰͣ
ӵġ˫ͻȻһǰԲ﷢ޣһĳӡ

ϵһ˫ͫɢݾɫͬĺϦ㲡
ǰϢһɫӰأŵء
̧ͷһۣɵôһѸѪɫӡ
Ҷɢк˫гʢ׺ݵĹ⡪ȷŵ˫ɸײСӢĿϾȻ԰ѩûһ˿ԥϧ֡
´󺧣˺˫Ŀ֪ƽĮĹӣŴӡ֪ˡ
ҶסĲӰָ۾ǱڵĴ𣬻ζſҵĹ⣺ΪʲôҪң֪ʹ˺ҶûйϵΩǲУ

Ҷһֲ©˫еĻ
Ū飬׺ݴ顱仰ӱͥ£Ҳ֪վ˶á
ʱ˫ͻȻѾǿⲻӦڵİסԼ־ŭȥͬʱҲ֮ڸһֱǵϢƽ겻װƴľǳԼڣԶġ
ֻûϵͬмѭͺñֹƶ֮ʹʴ˫ɵĹʱֻߣѪҺﶼð˿˿ƫƫôһһ𽥳ĹѪ
ԭ˫ĿУһǮֵһ⵽ʹ

ʯƾڣС¥ֻҪǰ߼Ƿݹů㴥ֿɼ
Ҷؿҹģ֮еĽʹǱһ㣬Ҫͻ𡣡һ׷ɱݳֺһֻ֣졣شضУֺسԼȥ
Ȼֹסеʹ֪ƿ̧ضǰԵĻΣأͬʱڲ޾ĺڰУ˾۹Ʈӿѹֵɬӳǻ
˺ܶ¡
һ˫۾һֱͣǳһ˫ʯϣ˭ôľȥգ˭ô¸ҵس˭ʹʱ˫ͫ䳺׺ֻ޷꣬һ˾ȻǸŮˣӳģע⡣
ΪʲôҪȫңһҶļַסԼԳϿž̨ﶼ㣬ΪʲôҪȫңΪʲôҪҵǰɫҰףӼϿʼĵΣ֪㣬ж𾪣໶ϲ

ҹĻ޷ǣҶͣפ£еĳȷ͸ҶƬ˳ҹաһ֮ƣһ澪ԼǿҼʵĳ嶯ΪʲôĲ˵һ仰࿴һ۶ڻΪʲô͹ѵ΢Цװһ̣Ϊʲôʱɱͷڤڤ֮ƺһļӿĿڣʹԼĸ飬δĸоϲֻţʹŻʡ
޷׵ǼӣĵطǷ͸ˮʮ꣬޷˿ƽȹ˶ʮֱ꣬˳һûһһ̴󵨣һ޷˵ܹƽɫ£ֻڲˣ¶ԭ
һֿɼĵطȴشΪһǿռӺӵòӰΩһһ羪֮¡
Ҷɵ֣˿ơдѪüĵѪձȳһմȾϵѪָоȫָо˾Ӻ׵ĿտҪʹࡣ
һ̶̼仰ȴٲԨÿҹפǰ̰עգϲ̫죬ҸߵúԶĨɱʱı
ֱߣ̰ϢҶһЦͬҹʢﺣģ߬ơվĶˣǰ˶˵Ҳᣬ˿⣬Ҳ˵ңͬи׶ӣһһµٹҵģȼϵĹƶҪʹƬ뿪㣬㣬ҶòڣҶ϶ʧʲôһԸɱңҲԸʹҡ
Ҷҵվͥ˫Ŀ죬˿־循㤡˿ᣬ裬һŲ԰Ѫɫڷ͹ԣɭɭޡз糱ֻǰԺж˫˫ϢƺһŻѪ
һģĿڻӣȥ䡰Ū飬׺ݴ顱ʱٺʱһһپ䣬һһỺسǰȥ
ҶԺдľĳƢҶ֪
ҲԺʹɵñһЦǳЦԼ֪ǳԥغɽȥ


˫ǰãƽϢҰڵŭҹˮͷ£ϲýȾǡ
ⲽԼǰƿ˽ȥһƬž
˫ĬĬ̫ʦУһЩ£Ƭ̣ӳӨӨ
һյӨ͸ɴյƳһذ޳˻ĲתһųŶ
˫ɵĮĿǳǳƶǣӻкηԸ
Ҷɴƣ˫ǰ߿⣬ȴɫע
΢ҹյζһ͸ѩϸĹӰĹ£˫ɵԶŶĬ
˫ɴ˼ãǰѩϢشתŹſ壺Ҷŵ£˿ңӡؿ¶Ǽ˺ѵ˺ۣѪ˿
˫ɴһϽ򶨣ǷҪͨҽ
Ҷǰ˫䳺׵۾ûʶԼֹʱѾ˫μںˣȴλǰ
ѩָ۾ϣ־գƫƫϢ޷ܿŭ䣬ҶƸգϸϸĦȻͷȥסƬѾõı

                  
9.

˫۳ɱܣûơ촽ϵļ϶ԾͺȣҶ
Ҷ˫գĿչ֮Ц㲻ģʹûʧҲӲҵġЦ˵ľ޾ڱصã̺һɨյ飬Կ̳ƶƵķɡ
˫ֵŭҲδƳŴ󿪵߽ȥֻͳƺ֮ǲ㲻ܣȻεذڻ
һӴ壬ȫƵʹĸİкҶݺݵס촽üۡ޷ֻҪ촽ĵطһؿɣȫȻ˱ǯڻ֮ŭ˻
˫ͻҶѵŤǰδ˶Դֱʧȥ侲տűѩϢ˫룬ѹζɱۺòѳȴսִָ
˫ɱǵôֻáءֻС߹ӲдǶ嵭ƮѬ㣬ǻг˿ɬ΢ȵѪȣָ´˿ȵ˫ȫ£ﵽⶼȲӡ
ڵһĳ±վ˺£һֻ޳ָѩƴšԵĻУǿҵŭ۾Ĵȴ²һ֡ݺݵڿС
Ҷ΢˫һ·üҴ羱ƴһհ˺ʱļҧֻȼܴ𣬾εԴ˺ҧĹʱ侲˿˿ҶӣһҪҵ𣿡
ӳ£˫˫紹䣬ź̶˫ֱͫǰĿһǧ޵ߣһӾǿĮؿűѵĲ
ҶдʹȽȥ¶ȣ˫᲻÷ſӣԼǰΪϧ̾˿֮˽Ŀܣӵסͷϰƺȵ𶯡
˫ȴǻ˼Ҷûʹַץסʱ򣬺ݺݵع⣬ײĿһߡ
ҶûܿƵʽ˿ͦüɿ֡
˫һЦֱʹ˫ؿڣӴ˿ӹҲʰ
ҶŵϵĴֱĿзٲ⣬ƽ˵һҲùͳƽʱĮͬϸ̰עǰ֮˱ˮգƲס̾ϢҺ󣬲ҲˣȻȻвңٶơ
˫ɶɭɭһЦȻѧųαǳǰ㣬˫֣˲Զ𣿡
ҶĬĬעΣ˼糱ܲסݳ֣ġһҧؿһۣ뿪
ҶӰȫӴʧ˫ɲصصϣˮŷʪ±ݡ

ն塣䲻ǻݷͳȴӭ˵һ˺ĽաԪǰǰ󣬿⸮ʸɽľ¥뼯£ȴҹеϷ
ҶһƬæµϲʹ·Ӹʱ֮һЦƽ׽˵˫ǻ΢΢һЦĿ˺˿ڸ⡣
һ£ҴҵԶ˫ǰʱ̧һҾһôˣ
˫ɼ΢̫ҽΡǵɫֻЦôˣʲô纮
̧ͷܲ͸ĸн˵ôûӦˡ
˫һʵܹأ
˵Ҳ֣ܹ󣬾Ӱˡһ˫ɺµ˵ܹܵѾƵƽ˹޾ӺϾҲû
˫һԴȥһʱ֮û
⿴˫ɣãѯʣһʵңӵôˣ
˫ɻع˵ǵҹˡ
˫ɣһɫгƽû˿Ť֮ɫеĲɾûðʧڡиֵ£Ժɽˡ
ϢȰʧ˫ɾпܱҶ˽ɽʯѵļɽߣѵüɽ˰ôû飿еĹƶô죿ӿŨŨĲ죬ͷܷŸת˵⹫տ£ȥȥ
õ׿ϺҴҵԺ
֮ͨһĶСĳȻ֡һر̺ϣ沨ζ貣緱ǡ´÷Ϯˡ
˫ɵƻߣϸϸһֱɲɽΪм˳ˮУףǷмǳɢǴ鱻Ʒ䣬ĪһսЩɵһŷֱߣָһ۳鿴
ʲô㿪ʾУֻҪʣҾͻش㡣޷ͻȻһһһٵ˫ɱӰЩֱһݣҧҧתʹüĿޱطһ񣺡ӡ
ҶһԽڵɫã۹һߵؿһ÷л߳ޱ忡ţֻɫ԰ѩ÷磬ůէһ·ֱǽǷԶ˫ɣǵϮȥ
˫ס벻
һ˼֪ҪҪԳ𣿡Ҷؿ˿ڣҪⲻ⡣ߵ˫ǰͣ£ͷɢĺڷ˵Ҫü
˫촽ݺݵһ䣬ȻĬȻźۼ˺վҶͻȻ֣ץӣмأ˫ɼæֻܹһоͱץס˷β
ҶûܶˣҾȻһжܲ
˫תĬĬҶһɫԹԵסķ˿Լǰ˫βҶסԼŭֺһǱҶץסﻹ䵭˵㣬߱Ķˡ
˫룬ڵԹһŵǧ𣬼ȻӦ̷꣬عӲ´˿Ծ
ҶȻһЦЩǿӣɿķβ󣬴¥ͤһ֣˫ȵغ˼
ҶĮǰӰм仰Ҫ㣬Ҫʵ𡣡ȻĬסѣǷ仰ġ
롣
ҶĬƬ̣嵭ѯʣһʲô֣
˫ɡ
˫ɡĬĬ˼飬־ļ䡣漮η
ݺɡ
䣬ҶƲסƲǣ¶ѩĴ⣺ȥҵˡ˫ɶһо棬ǲȥ仰˼Ĭصȴ⣬ԼҲܴóƾҶɲԼǴ˳ˣԺǷٴѯʣǻÿⲻش
ҶŵӣϰΪʣΪʲôҪ͵
˫⧲Ӧʲô
ϣΪʲôҪų񣿡Ҷһһֵؼ
˫΢΢ڣϼһˣй±ػһǼ߾м˼֮ġ
ˡҶظ۳ƣƽռ䲻ϲ໰ȻΪ˳䣬سȷй֮
˫󾪾⻰ϤЩڣԼ˵ʲô˼ڳҶƣвӣƱȺΪǵ˫ͬظġˡ
һʱ֮䣬ˮָ˼ž
¥ͤƵĽӳڱˮ岨ӵ˻Ǻߵľܽأּ΢ҡ÷䣬Կ̰Ӱһһֹ˹֮С
Ҷ֪ĿǰУֻ˳ӦһֱעǰĬĲӰǳʹĽëǲӰԶĬգʹ֡
ɫתΪڲԼʧ֮ǰѾץǷӰ

                  
10.ֻ

ͻ𣬷ƽ˫ɴһˣճߴһͱǯ˻֮СҶþϸ˸
岻ؽӵסϸѵĺһ·Ѷ£ǾòеĿ顣˫ɽůǿӲĻгͻ޹󣬱ѵʼҶ޳ˣи㡭ʱʱľӡ
ˡҶһ󣬲䵭ֵؿڣ㱾ҵˣֻͻѡѪǵĮ˶ݵʱΪҲܣתǺ֪й¶˸顣
ī籦ͫʽס˫ԡ
˫ŭҲ򲻹ö֮ؽܣǴδĺƤֻܺݺݵسĿҧȥҶشض˫ϻĸԸĴꡪȻرҧ
˫һһ־ط˺ҧƬݿɬغˣѪȣȻѣǲǰ˵Ķҧˡһ뵽ԼĴЩš
˫ɡͻȻһ֣һһ䱻˳ƺֹ֣ǰƮɵĻ꣬뵵㣬۽ǲдľ׵նԶԶȥĳˮͱк
Х˫ɡºʣӳɽϪˮʣлɡ⣬оٵֻʦسƺΪ˫ɡһԼǿжḺģ
Ҷذڻһһ¹סĺ󱳣ֳžĮػһ˫ɡ
ȫ侲ֱ֮Сʹѣͻʹ˵һ䣺ǲǺܺң
ǡһԥ
ԤеҶȻѩ˫գĸһһû޵ճڰԨǲԸ֣ԸԶֹʵĸоĴ˫ɿĵطСǸˣҵĲǵòѧߵЧҵ£û˸ҡϲôĸ顣ҵõϵȨƲƸ˵£Ǵû㣬ڶһ顣
һͿƲԼĸ顪ָǴ϶ѹγεļ䣬ҹӰӣǷȷҴһһʲô鶼벻ˣʲô˵ÿڲģֻü˿ĶԭĶѾˡ
ܶ´ûкڹҲ˵˽ػţһ㣬ҵһγ˿ɬںޣĵطͿʼѣͺһʱǰ˶Ŀ࣬Լɵ˺ڲ˵һ仰࿴һۡ˵ǸԿز¶֮ˣԸߣԸΥŵ̷꣬ᳩش󺰣Զ֪жһǲܷߣʼǹѪû㣬ֻһ˻ˡ
Ҷɬٻ˵꣬촽ڲ˫ɵķ˿ϵ
˫ʼյؽֱűĿϵľɡ𺳡ѽ֣ձѹԶȥһ̡Ĭϸϸ˼ĿǰľȻؿ˿ڣҶӣһ⡣
ɾǶһθ֮ԵĻػҪѭԼش⣬֦ڣᶨһŲӦǰԹ¶ˣնҶȻ
Ҷɿ֣ƽݣֻĵһƬѿڶ˵һ䣺˭˵ᡣ
˫Ѹٵ˳Ļ۴վɫѩ׼͸Ȼ˵ӻǵ˭㶼ˡӦɱһƺĹҶ˵ΪȽɽ˶ˣ˶ټͥϲԿ׷͵νν⣿ʹкã˭û˭ȥǽ̻Ҳ̡
Ҷͬյĳһһ㣬ҵ𶯣תĿĬر˫ãءǺǡֱЦ㣬ҶӦж˽ǳ֮ˣŪ飬׺ݴ顭Ȼһֲ©ؿʼг˫˵Ļ
ѹֶŻ˲ľȴͦ󽾰
˫ɳĬشԲ
ҶãԳˮĿˮԷĹΣһһߡӳǰַݱ仨Ӱ綯ӯ裬԰зһ˿
㲻ڣ֪ʲô֡Ͼ衢¶߻аһָңڿҶվôãһƽĮ˵
˫϶Щʶ𾪣𺳷Щ֧穣ԾԼ侲˼ʹ飬վѩվƶ˵˿¾Ȼһֲ˵뷨
Ҳ棬ȥ˵ʲôҽΪҽΡµҹ˵ˮ˷纮˿վڷ˫ɣǸ̵ˣԱ˿񣬶˲̡
˫ɲЦһ£оЦԷǣһգϤĻ֪ʲô𣿡
ǰӰϣϮ۵״覣Ⱦκγ棬ͬߵİƣȻ޷ĸ롣
뵽Ѫů飬ͬҿкͶ˼飬ͬ뵽Ȼƽؿ˵еȻû뵽Į̸һֱܶĸ飬һἰХ֡
ҶһֱĬ˻ʵҪʲô
ɡ˫ɼᶨ˵ɵκ֧ػš
ҶͻȻתһ΢硣µûκθ飬ͫƱУΩǰ֮˼˹󣬺Ϥ븹УĮȻ˵Ҵȥһˡ
ƿһŽȥĸ磬һӧƵĻӰǰ˫ɿܱ֡ϳֵȴҲںˡ
ݿ£޷Ұף۴͵ӵ棬紵Ķʱݺ˺ۣǰ֪޾ţһƬӰ
˫ɵ͵͵һҶ֣͵عȥ§ס˫ȣزϥϵУΪʲôΪʲôҪҡʹѹ֣˫Ʋ˵ز
ҶһһǰŷǸӰ³֣
˫ɱʹ֣Į־˫Ŀŭӣˣ㣿
Ŵı֣Ĩȥ˫ĳᣬδӣ˫ͻȻ֡
ץеǽƽƵӣһСɽˮšʽƷΪƽ˫ɳʹƵĿΪҶĽӽĹҪֱܿ練ơǰ÷ԣͲԼлת󣬵Ҫ˵似˿̱ǿҶֱ޻̸֮
ûбܿʵʵػʱüͷ嶼һ£ɫ糣ָס΢΢˵ҡ
ѩϢֹϣ˫侲˲١һվӼȻҵǰлҪ˵ɣ
ǰķ䣬ȾƣԻƣ˲˷Ҷ΢Ŀ͸˵͸ĵӰ
˫򶨵ţ֪֮ⲻ˼򵥣Ҳƽؼһֺշ顪а˭Ǵֽˣ⻹˵ӷǳԸҳֲ֮ʳǳ԰ܹ֯¡տʵĿ˾򵥡
֮һʮǰͶаȣţһëΪ置ܹ֣ʩ󲻵ķԽйƶ
£˫ˮ˵һǵ˵õҲѣͿû¡ôҪҸʲôأ
ҶɬȻһЦܷĵˣеĶҪȡһǾ¹⡣
˫ɲѯʣֻĮضסһ¹⡣ৡһ¹ҡڻľصİӰӳˮƵ˫ͫ
˫ɵת¹ⵥֵϡҶһֱͻ˵¹⣬߷ֿԼһ磬ӷ缴ҿѾܾˡ

                  
11.Ԫ

ҹŻǧ䣬ꡣ·תһҹ衣
Ƴ𶼳ǱʢҹУֵ֮ʱҹݻƸղҹͣսһεԪѽڣϲ󣬳ӵפ㡣
˫ֻȺУϴˮߺ˿˿𶯣ǵһɵغҶڻʱѷùܶ飬Ȩĵڶ㻤֣𽥻ôȵϢϰϰ£
һ·ȸŽ֡Ժ̨ԵﲻΡ֬ˮ̯λĿ˫ɼǰУ֪ǰ
һԿ̵̾ʯƽţͨ˴ĽͨҪˮʮ֡̾¥٣ϸһƬ֣ͯϷȼ𣬾Ө貵ĹϢߣͬڻ
һֱಽظˣȻŲ⣬˳ԼҹӳųһֻҪȥﶼԣһëΨʡ
⿴ϴЦ⣬Ҳ΢Цʣһܸˣ
˫תһЦⲻ𣿡
ԥҡҡͷЩշ̫飬Ҹ˲ǰĬţԥؽӵЩɻѯʹʱĮһ϶֪ʲô
˫ɽֵ󣬷е䶯ؿҹʱҲСפ
ڹųսɱԶɽһԭǰݳѰõų֮ս˽йϾ֮ˣӼʥϺ󣬴մŭȴѹ䵭á
˫ɻعͷƽ˵ͨеңϢǰɢȥġ
ΪԾؿ˫ɣȻͳһйءֻǺͰܹкι
ҹΪץסңɷѿġιʳֳ˹ƶߣ֪ҵһЩ顣ɢϢΪ˱ңԵҲˣֻҹͻȻתθڣϲˡ˫ɳһЦ
һûӲͬľֹʹٶ˹˶óһǵĮ˳ڮٹӣ˵׷ʲô飿
ǰ˳ضҹеĻʱ˵ʥʱΥܲڰ˷ׯע⣬ܹѾϸ⡭
˫˫ϬĶ۾Ҳе㵣ǣһܶ޷ΪľɻûκԷ
ӵĵЩɵ˵⹫Ӹ߳һ顣
΢΢һЦӷԸһѯ飬ʵ档
˫ɳĬƬ̧̣ʵм˵İΣһһֱ¼ǹңǷ֪¶Ϣ
ҡҡͷ΢ЦӲδ
ͳأ
ڲڰ˰ר̸Ӧӽ֣ﶾѽ⵹޴󰭣͵ׯүϱ
˫Ժȴ͵һ𣬱˵һ䣺˻ǡǺҲ໰ֻż˵ׯȫ
⵹ºԹԵ˵һڵǳ˵ľ𣿹ׯһҪչ˺壬ûʲôֻתԹ˵һ䡮ǰݸ֮ӣʵ塱ԹӲ̫Ϊ֮ʡ
˫ɿ٩٩̸̲סԵ⹫Ǹ֮ˡҹӵ֮ǳʵ壬巸ͬҪӦкú֮⣬ׯ˵֪ƻ飬Ϊ֮˵
⾽ȣ˵һǶԹӴ󲻾
˫ɲ⻤Уʵأ
һǻѪͬһˮ˵ֻʣССˮǣޱػش𣺡ȥˣһֻ۱һֻۣ˵ɱġ
ƶ߼ãǺԵ˫ɲ֪ﻹסׯǷٴΰɱ顣
ơ
һֱקͻȻ˵һ֡ơ˫ɵעת˿ȥ
Űյɫƣӫ⡣յıһƬĵ֦ӳһһĵյӳˮУ뽭ɪɪ뽭졣
⵹ӰԻ˫ۣ֮䣬˫Դį˭ҼδŵƲǸʫ״Ԫһ̵ֱϲԼʵ⹫ӣ֮£Һ㡣
Ҳ˽̵Լиͬܣɵ̾Ϣһγԣ
֪ϾϢ˫˵֣Һܹ飬ҵϹҹ˵ﻰʵкܴԵĳɷ֣ΪΪҶʲκϾѶϢֻ
񣬰Ҳġ
ֱ䶯¼λСʵ۱ʺƣͬ衣ʺϽ⳼ɹǰʺϽһְΪٺûѶϢ˵֮ɽ֡
˵ЩʱŨŨϧ֪ڵϾ裬Լҹӿϧ˫ɱĬƽ
ĬĬעƬҹɫãתʱͿӦС
ӵҹвݳһϮˮɫ۳ĮƺǰҫۡŴоȻһ۵Ůޡ
мζӰ
˫ɰ˿ϢΪӰһڱӦУֻýش֣䶢ȻƬ֮ƷͲóȻ֡
ӦнӹһյƣСĵΪţתҲ˫ɣٽֶӣ̶ͬȵĮʶԽֵ꣬ơϵҾ⣬²õҶˡ
ɣۣѾѾȥŵơ޿ʼߴžֹˡ
Ӧת΢΢һЦãȥȻˮ˫Щ㵡
ʱȺӿųŰ߿ȥһλڵĹЩĵؼӦеϡԵϻиСޣϴһæһת½׵ܿ˵µ
¹ȻվתӿӦУȻЦضѾѾ˵Ưޡ
ѾѾСЦÿÿѷÿ
ӦĮضӰ¹һۣСĵرڻоٲȥӿǿӦеĮ赭Ҳ⣬΢ƫͷ˸Ȼ߿
˵ıӰԽԽԶм˫ɡ
˫վ˿ػعγԺ︡˵һ仰Թӣ㣬ŹѾѾ
ԭӣɣǹù
˫ޱȵţӦпǺӵ۾ů紺ûһ˿ΪʲôҪô̵ضԴأ
ִʱת͵ݣ˫
˫ɼ΢Ц߰ɣУҴȥơ
һ˫ɴ棬ɵ˳ָղ˵Ĺȥ߹ŲʵյƯŸƣȼ٣ˮϼг˷ϼĺӣˮӳϼ죬ˮһɫڡ
һ˵ˮǻӵİɣ
ͷƬ̺˫΢Ŷźˮʵһֱǻˮ棬ˮû
˫ͻȻʮǴΰɱͷ΢΢˵ҶϴָɵĴɱˮҲˣסˮ·ĳֶ
ǵùӷԸ۳һѯʲôֻ˵󣬴˿Ҳ̶ֱһԶڵӰһǰΧʮһһܼӰΪҹר˾׷ٰɱ˷󾹺Ͱҹмơ
ҹἰȰҹ֯𣿡
һ֧óˮƻ׷ѶϢڣҲԶ季ֽˮ⻰һ䣬ǰ飬˫ɶһۣ˫˫ѿڶӣ
վϣٲԵˮ˼
ȺаȻ߳һӨĹյյһüĿʵ꣬嵭̵Խ˫ɶ԰˹쳾֮С
˫۽Ƴǵɫ԰ףɵɿֵ䳺׵˫ͫת⣺չ˺ҲӦȺС


12.

ǵӰнԶ˫˫ֻʣյϡȻͭԾӰĺ棬ȺΪѰǵӰ
ǧգ֦Ӱˮ纬ҹ÷
ȻףﶼûǸˡµһƬӰӰ´µУ糱ˮɢȥָվš꣬ôܻܼХӰϤıӰʵĲ˹ľôܹ֣
绨ƻ㣬˸Ի硣˫ɿ貵ĵƹսʯ棬һ·׷ϣǱԭֻҪһƵӰӡһתĻ꣬ͿԽܵɾ
ͷվһƬʢУӿӵˮػεĵӰԵˮ۾֪˶ã̻ӳҹգ˳ʹе˫ɡ
̧ͷĿǰһ·Ѷȥˮһ뵽Լ׷ĨһֱˮУ͵ؼӣվڴȶǰȥ

ĵµǰǧյʵƾŹ⣬飬ٹٴӵڻֺʹҹ绶ƽ
ҶһϮӨãĿĮࡣΪ˰ţɼʵ۶ء׵Ŀ̨Ӧеλֻһͨ룬˵Ӱ
ڶƱյѾԻзʱׯǸ֮µصбյӹ屧˺
һСżҴ߽ʾ̨ϵӣҶϸ
ׯɫȻһƬǣҲʥȰ⡣
˵ţͷ·Сƴ׷ϣԶԶؿֺɿ̧ͷֻಡһҲǸϰɫıӰֱ۾վҲǷ£ڴڹǽߵʱ򣬻ûô
Щϻ̳Ͽֵ£ӭĹɫ
Ҷǰһۣ˵˲ȥ磬ƫȰŵտأشһͻȻϡʲô˫ֶҪˣ⣬˵˵
Ҳû塭ͻȻʯǸɭȻӡһʱ
ϸ˵ղŷ飬һһζ©Ҷ䵭ؿڡ
ƺеᵽŭͷϸϸһмз顣תҶδԳǵӰܰ㲻Բ
Ӵ˷ģȻһʱҲ
֮䣬ʵҹʢ硻ܣӫӫͥԺĬӰ
Щ飬ҪԥſڣͻȻƳҶĮЦˣڶμŵЦգܵһǸѩҹһַŭЦεЦݱǣͬѩʢϴЩ˪ӡվʵΪηЦ
Ҷתûлش⣬˵ʲô˵ֻһϾ衣˼ʹҰվ壬ȻǣӦһ仰·㲻ߣƫ
⿴ӱգЩ乫˫ڰ׷ҲƵͫʣ˿Ѿʣ´Ӿˮдı֮źĹ⻪
Ҷͦվ£䵭ĿӲҹɫԶӳյ͸ա֪ʲôؿԼ֡ˡһ³һѪ
󺧣ӣôˡ
¡ҶĮעҹգﱰĲûһ˿ʹɫÿҪһΣԹƶ
Ծضסӣ˫΢Ҫ֪ƶһʱܿסĿĲѾʵףοĮţ
ӡ㵽סѾƲսúͳһйϵΪһ𣿡
гһ˫ɡҶתһۣûʲô󰭣˺͹ƶѡƶЩʹѹֵܾŹƴʱȻ۵ôȥǰƺǵʹֵĿ⣬Ҷ۾־ҹ˿
δҶƵ£Ѿ£һֱ΢΢ӣȻԹơ㡭ܣû취ܹܽɤѹž֣һֱҶű߲ͣ
ֻǷȥ͸͸ȴˡҶĬĬʹãͻȻ˵һ䡣
شӵ۾ҼһƽճĬܣԽư뿪ŹźΪ侲ɼƶϳһ˼ҪͷʲôԣֻӲҪôĥԼ˵ڵ
ҪԸ㡣Ҷ۲һ˿˵
ĬĬؿӣҶŵϴĿϼգȵ˻ľµӰˣҲ˵ڶ顣
Ϊ˫ɵŭҲܲƣΪ˳Źƴʹ࣬Լ˹ƶԼضԴ˵ֻҪǣ»ʲôҲģ
亹أ
Ҷ˵Щʱ򣬲ûмؼһ˿ͬˮ滮˼ĿǺű˱ѩˮӺĵ׹طŲ־Ĺβ֮
ˡ
˵飬㳤ԡ֪ȥˣҰ͸£뿪֮ǰϥǡΪȺ˫ǰҪ¹ں󡣡
ɫҰף׸Źӣ֪ܲеԵɡ
֮ǰ˾Уִ̲ԱṴ̋ɫöı˹Ӳ⾻һֱɵƶӵ޷ƽŹ˲ֽŶ£ڴյһ䲻֪˭ʤ˭ĥٲ˵ġ
ͻȻ˹˵һ仰Ҷˣ˸Ҷֻǳڣܿ϶˹ӸѣֻҪǹڳһӾͱֵЩ
ʼվĿҹգɵЩ˿˿飬ʵӿ˰ţ
ذţҵᡣ
ӵ˼ǡ
˫һ޲飬֤ȥѶҾȥϾ衣

ҹǧձƣ¥ͷ׷ס
ˮľͷǿĽŵףﲻҡˮ֮䣬һһ컨Ĵ˿ʲƣˮģ¥ӳɫӰѬˡȴǾףֻ¥вʱµĻݺ䡣
Ͼֳһյƣں¥ǰյ뵭У˵ˣԼǰҼСͯ
һİŮȵƳŲվУЦ棬үһ˲ţѹޢҲ
Ͼ˫üŮβ˲Զǧｫһ⣬ѵЩ޻̸֮ôȽӲʣǵöŮһ󿩿Ц
ү򶨣ҲбɣŮͻȻһתϴЩεıΣֻϧӰӽ¥ǰһ֮ء
Ͼ迴ŮӲһǶԵЦ⣬Ůӵ۹䵭תʮͷģ˫ог̰
۲һЦŶԭиβ󡭡
ϾЩԾһ·ˮ˿׷ϢԹ䣬ȻĲ²ӣһ뵽Ȼβ˺ԼѴ˲ιˡ
У͸һӰĬȻվϾǰһȻһЦӣˡ
ôС簡Ȼ׷Ů۹ʢ
ϾŴȴЩɣǰӰȻ˵Ŷ죬һλˡ
˫ɣϹӡ˫ɻ˵۹ǶǰеİɫŮӣˡϾɻǰһ̽ȥ˫΢΢һܿơ
Ͼ辪վЩ㣬һ֪һֱ㡭
˫ɳĿ˱۾תͷ΢΢һЦңϹӣһܸټ㡣

                  
13.Χ

ԭǳһУӣϸӰ߳Ƶĵ乬װ졣
˫ɶһֱǵɤһĵĽδˣѪڵĸоǰŷ绪ӣڳ¶գһ˫˫ɵͲŮӿ˶֣Ҫ˿ˣǿԴ󷢲ֹ
Ͼ迡üĿͻչº͵ؿ˫ɵĲӰٴγץۡ˫ȴǲٶܣ˳վǰպڵǰѨ
ӣŻΪˣﻹǽЦϣ޷һΪϾڣһԼɣ֪ǰһͷײ˽ҡҡͷЩϧ˵ôصĺúӣʵ²֡
ϾǻƼ䲻Щȡ˫ɲһͷǵ˵ﲻ̶Ѩ޿زѾ˰ɣȻһܸϾ裺ӣˮģӲҪļƣȶɣ񡣡
ϾлȻʣ̧ĿܣԼЩģӰһֱˮЩΣӣˮռȻ˫󣬳Ϣ
ӣ˫ĿһֱЦҡҼǵԭо仰С벻żȻǶҲ¸ǣޢָҪϽּٲּԶ滧أһת˫µشüһܿġ
ߡ˫һѿڶüͷû뵽ͨ󣬾Ȼڸ֮ӣЦ绨˫м˼֮ģͨ˼⣺
ޢǾʺϾԶܿ⣬ǲצӣǰ˼ƺץͯҪЮϾ衣
żȻײҹȦףȻӣЦƶ޿ץסϾ裬пܻиڰġ
ӣղ˵ԭǳһǰԼֻǲ֪Լ˭
˫ɲɵϸϸ˼뵽ʣȻҶ˵һ仰ҳϣʼδǲʶµĶҶ»޴Եӣô򵥡һѩޱȣӣԭյϣܽӽ̨¶εĵطֻһǾǲ̨̨ҶûһٲӣǷʲôڵȴʱ
һ㱡ϸܵĺѶ£תǧҲ²͸Ҷ˼ĳǸ纣ƽֹɣҶΪʢŭȥΪִѰԼֱ֮˫ɺԿȥ
Ͼ˫ԭ֪֮٣ϾɲɫֻȻһЦֻбΪ֮£ȴñΪ򡣡
һ䣬ӣЦѣү÷Ȥѹޢýռǹţܲúдδ˵ʮָ⣬һű
Ͼ轫˫һ˵һСġְγһֱЯĳӭϡ
ڰͻڶྦྷӨϸˮɡ
˫λ˫ŮɢˮΡˮһڵ棬΢΢Ծˮؼ治С
ˮ֮󣬰Ӱ߳ȫѩˮػˮ
Ͼɫ½չᣬԷһʽƿӣָ󣬿˵˫ƽб࣬ס˫ɵ·
ĵӳ˵˫һ޵ؾӨ財˫˽Ͼ赥վǰͬһһͩΪ顣
ӣƶŲպֺΧˮγӦ˵ϼ洫ԻӰ˫ѵٳô
Ͼ΢΢һЦֻǳϢԵС˫΢΢ζĽӰƺܾǰ΢ӶϾ˵Ϲӣʹ𽣷𣿡
ᣬһô֪׽֣ϼҵĲ֮ذ
ûϸ˵빫ôֽԸˮ󡪡˪ԶȺˮ󡣡
Ͼ迴˿ƽ˫ɳԼƽԺȡʤˮǰͼ亮ġ¹⡱һ壬ʱƳˮؼȷҪһѱ
ȶ˸ֽʳӣĿϴȥҲǺ͵յĳһһȷ
Ͼһˮ̿Ⱥ֮û뵽ǸһӣԶಡӰס˫ɶһ֪֪ʱȻһϾθߵ޼ĺʿǶ뻮һˮʱϷƶʮֵܣǧֻ۷һ˶̽Ӱӫӫ
ӰӾš˫һѹϾ˳ӰӽʷХǰ񿥡ڽǵɫӰＤȣƬ֮ϲǣϲϾؿ㣬㣬ǲδܵ˵ļӰ죻ǵս־ù£ƱضԼոճ־ԳǻָɣԶƲ֪Ƿʤ㡣
ͿһͳɤһɫӰԾ˳֮Уӣԣ˫ƻϾĽӰ
ʮͷ˫۹ɭָ֣ڱӣһۣЦŻ硭żʲôѡ
ȥˮҪȫûǾ޷˵
˫ɿ˿Ŀ˭ôر𣺡Ͼ˫൭δˣԿ
һЦҲ𻰣ָץϾ衣˫żˣȴӣӰǰ
˫ɵüĿϢ£С
ŶȻôȲǰ·ˣӣڿڣԳЦ
˫˫ס¶һЦ˵ҪСˡЦδ䣬һӣɨȥ
ӣһ˫ЩɨнЦôӢСôݣһҲϧ񡣡Щɵֻˮ˶֮ߡ
˫ɲ㲻ܽɢˮȫϣˣ˹ӣֻǽȥЩɫӰӣյս⣬עӳµ˫ɣķʪɹ
˫ɽˮȫȻ£ʪĻζɫһһ֣͵һǣɨӰ󣬿ҲϢسȥ
һĨɵӰĬĬߵӣ࣬۾˵ݸƳһǹ֮ߣ֮һ˶ֵн似ǹһ֮ϡ ˶ֲмƵ˵иڣҪץס
ӣЦתʢá
Ƴһۣһ
˫ɲδ﷢ı仯һζضƱһɨ壬гϹӣСƣԡ֡ƷмָʽС
һתץ˫ɣϾӰˣԡѪսʿһȣˣϵطϡȻЭ˫Χ塣
˫ɿĹ·ԾʣϹӣôϺȴߣ
Ͼ΢΢һЦ·ͳһһ𡣡
˫һƣץ˺ʱβ˲βɢڷз
Ͼ۽ƳʿǴʩŵȥ̽һɨȻЦòѰóһԸˣվͺͳһһ𲢼Եаɡ
Ц˵һô˶һƵģ
ӣһתЦµӴͷҲɢˡպñõĳ𡣡
ʲôһָ˫ץȥ˫ɫһ䣬ֱ֪߲ԼϵѶﲻɵôŭȻǸʷ򣬶Ů˲ԣ߱Ҷ֮
ַϣŹ˵ã˫ѱסӣһתץ˫ʱгһƵسϾ蹥ȥϾһ˹·˫ֻ֧ܶţʮйվץסΡ˫ִ˫½˳һȴûн˺ƣסһ˫ᵽǰ鿴
߼ǰ˫ȫŲ˿մȾˮΣȴ˿δʪɵ档ɨ˫һۣʢ۾⣬˵Ȼ˱а֮һıˮ¡˻ǲɱ϶ͱаĪϵ
˫󾪣δü˵ʲôǰһڣͱѨԹȥ

                  
14.

ʮʱ
Ӧдţ̻Ի͵ĵӰһֱٳȥҴҵԾ˵˾䡰ҶֱŶȥ
ǰĬȻȺ򣬼һӭȥӡ
Ӧһ·ǰУ˵Ҫҹӣôȥͨһ̧ͷͷⲻȥͨԭˡҶȻվԺ£һͬǶڻľرеĵܣֱֱͫſӦϸ˿£ҶҶеݣںڷǰۡ
Ӧп⣬Щ˵վһˡ
ҶɫϴЩ뵵ʪϵɢź⡣Ӧ죬ǰȥ˵ӣмҪ͹顣
ǾҶǣؿתسȥӦ֪ԣҲ⣬΢΢һЦ߽
˷Ӧдᣬ̯Ҷǰ
㣬ƽҶҵʹɷޣʮîʱʧԺ¥У䲻
ׯׯ֮Ůòھ£ʮʱһʧׯͥԺУԺԣ޷ȡ
ã˫ȲмʮʱһʧׯűߣűʱΪ֡
Ͼ裬ǰһȺʮ庥ʱŸ˺ټ
Ҷͷһ̧ۣͷĮ˵֪ʲô
Ӧ΢ЦӦȻǰӦǰ;ڰмϸڻ蹫Ӷ㡣
롣
˾һʧʱȺ󣬵¶˼⡣ӦпҶɫһƽĮ΢΢һЦ˵һʧصڻǺΧˮ֮Ǻ͹ǰ˵ġˮѲ˸ϵˮȻ֣ӣƱҲ֣Ҳ²ͯҪЮϾ裬ΪʲôҪˣϾ书δ֮¾ʧ
ҶĬȻƬ̣Ӧ˵©
롣
ׯԺƽѵأ˰ȴԲѣһݼΪ⣬
˼ǡ
ӣµˮ似ǿ޿飬ֻܶԸׯԺ߳Ͼ裬ȻҪˡ
ӦͬҶƶϣмʵƶеۣ
ҶתͷϾڣӦٴβ鿴ĿڡϾ衱һ࣬Դؿһۡ⵭ҡͷʾҲ϶
ܼ򵥡ҶżĮؿڣҸ㽲ˡ
ʮǰӣǶԭİ̽ݼԺ˻¥ͷƣȵѡݸ˸Ǹ˾ǳĸסʮǰڧʧӣȥȨּ޸ȨƸֱȥʥϲöļƻ˱䶯
ӣʵһ潼ˣжͣұһֱɣǳĿⲻôȥʥҹǣصҪǵȱںףǾߡγߣ϶ңʧˣ֤иӣţ뵽塣ĿǰƷһʹ۷һƭϣҲǳʧٵԭ߼ȻΪӣЧͣƱذƻʩׯˣΪڣĿǰ֪Ͼ衭Ҷ˶ٲҪô;ֵ÷зġʺ¼ޡһйأҪô˵Юƣ崫Ҳ֪ٶԡ
Ӧźϸ˼˻ᣬȻʵἰӣͰ˵İй𣿡
ղδ磬һͨ룬ΪΣҶתӦвʡ
Ϊ˷ʹ̸߽
ͳʹԵĸʹϣֱֻʥϺʹߣ˻֮УʹȻȫ£Ȼ书֮¡û´ӣͶΪ¡
Ӧк˫˫ʶǶֱעҶ׷ʵӿ֤ݣ
ʵ֤Ҿͻץˡ
Ӧеͳ̾һЩص˵ǣ֮͢ľףȷ׳֡
Ҷϴ۹ֶſЩǣ̲סʵǰ߿˵ʲôԭ򣿡
Ϊ˱ҳ֡ҶĻľͻȻĮӣĿֻһǾΪ˱ҳ֡Ҳ֣һĿӡ
Ӧ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ؿˣȻܿӦзӳ٣һֱ˵ʲôӦп΢ЦӦȥշʮҶӺͱһֱǳ˵ж͸߼۴ﵽصĵزǵΪѰ𣬲ᰴൽڲŶץסĳ㡢ǻ׹ݣܱƹӾͷƱؽжһֱӳΪֹ
˿¼УסͺӲҪȥ
ӦһЦתĿҶһֱܹչˣ˴ξӦȥⳡ硣
ҶδκˣǶĻľһ⿴ŹĮ･ӿ⣬ܲס˵֪ʲô纮δƶƴҲ뿪
纮δƶӦʵԾѡϸϸزǰ֮˵ĲӰԼҶһЩǴĮĹΡ
˵ѩ㸮ϣҶתδӦظͻȻ˵Ӧ֪Ҷش𣬱ǲԸἰϰԣҲ͵˵ͷ׷ʣЩĬĬؿϵλӡ
ѩʹȱܶԿ壬ˮȻܵʹҶĿڴӲãջأĮᶨ˵
ӵ˼ףҪӦдӳ飬عзӦԡ
ҿֱƳе֤һʹӦԣ㣬ӣ˰ȫݵؾȳҪӦʣһˣһ١
ӦоɵؿҶֻҫͫʣ¶סԼһƬ嫡ʹ˵ЩѾƽ˵Ҷӣڴ˿ȵĿ£Ӧвɵóȵһͷ

⹧Ӧ뿪æ㲻صԾֱҶǰȥ
Ҷһۣһͼ¸Ǵ󺧣æӣղΪ˵ǻ
⡣Ҷ䵭صͺһͬս̵侲һ㣬ٴνסĻβ֪ڵʲôһûжʼɵ÷裬ֲءȥΪ˫ɡ
ҶһĮУ⡣ʳ֮»Ҿ֮£Ϊӵĵƽ󣬴ʱҲе
𾪣οŹӷһ˿
û˵֮⣬Ǹҵѡ񡣡ҶͻĮ˵վڷ¶һޣĿնľʱ˺ܶ顣˪ʲôʹ޷սʤԼĲɡûڡһֱ˫ǰԺ˿ǷлߡʵȻʹ൫Ϳ
Ŀ¶֮ɫʣȴͻȻתָһӶʱԲöҶҲδ߳ŷԸһסղȻ½΢תȥ͸ɴõӱӰǲ첻ķ˿ʧڻתǡ

Ҷ߹㼣һһȥ˺˫һʱн䡣
ƿţߵڳ䣬һصžĬĬߵܴϣĿͣפŰаϡÿҹ˫ƽŴϲ֪ʲôÿĿԡ˯ߺ֪һǿ͸ɴĻºӡ
ֹƬ̣ת鷿
񻨿鰸ƽ̯һᣬġһӵФԱ߻һЩע͵֣ǣУʮһ꣬ΪıԺܸʹ漮棬ǹһ֮塣Ϥߣʣ似ߡ
Ҷ̧ͷ࣬Ƶյ˫վӰһ¡趯ڹӰתǸյλãһ


15.⣩죨ϣ

    ΢𾪵߳Ҷʱû뵽Ҷ˵ˣĸҾЩңУһ˱ؿֱϵϻߡ
Ĵһ㱡ɴһ飬ǰ򶨵΢ЦתԼţôĹ¶š
ҹ֪ξһֱ׷ǰĻɫܣǵӰɵعսд󼱺һѺıڣŲԼĸۡ乺ˮҵȻӰҽе֣
£Ҳĵת޾ڵĸ¥ȥ
ѾѾůԻͣյ⣬Ѿ˯˯оѣΪ˲£ҷڣӸۡҹƵơ
ҳѾѾϣüĿ俴СʱӰӡѾѾϲҿĵشЦɿֵʱ⣬Ͼ౳˵ĿѣҺϲЦҺĽΪԸҵұӲ˵Ū
йܶУةλãһҲǾ˲ٷ꣬ˣ˲ǿӲֶΡʱײ˽Ӳ磬ֱŽǿӲ˺ֵز
ûһټӵܻһңǱĹ塣һѩҹҴǰҡѣض˵ֶ֮͢ٻǣմµľɳΪҲǵͷѪһֱñ㣬ӽѧգʮϮλ֮ǰûظ
׵ֻ۾ޣͻȻݺݵػ˴һƣȵͣԸϮ׵ѣ
Ӵһ֣ӦСұ͵Զǧ£ҵСһɳ֡۵ӼžǰգһֱϴֻзĮؿңֱӽ촽ڻԹȥ
ĺĵܶʼÿĹֻ򡢴ˡںڶʦʦдУҰĴ࣬˵ʱݣû֪òСݣڴСǧʵսУ˴ܵʵõļɡֹֻܳΪֹµ׹иǡħơ
ʮгʱһȸ׸Ӳ깫ӣҶ
ƮƮվڸԺűߣྫҲһ˿覴ãܡһһվ꣬еۣͷǿؿŵ棬Щֵ̿ǰҪ˵ʲôҶ֪л⡣
˾ǣҶ׻и²ȾСӣһϸϸխխĳ
ѩǸһ֡
ЩɶΪѩ̫ˣԭ㣺һǽ߳ŽȱˣССͽڶΪĹ֮һý֮˶֪ѩиĿ꣬Ϊ˴Ҷ˵ΪսʤагеġʴѼֱ
ּƺҾгˣº֪ѩרΪ˱Ҷ֣༤һʽСѶ
Ҷ˵ҪҳҲԣұаˣӵ⽣ҾͲҪ֡
ѩֽԽ֪飬ҶȻ˵Ҫȡ֣ҵʱ𾪲ѡڴҶɼ䣬Ҷγеʴؿѩ϶һ˶ɫ䡣
ǰŴ˽Ĺ߳һԼ󡪡ͶʹһСӾ족һǿĽҼˮնϣˮתѩɫ԰ףʲôû˵ųɭȻָء
ҶһۣͻȻ˵˿ֻţҳͻܡתͷһۣ˵ȲӦУλã㻹ʤ㡣
ǶҶ˵꣬˵תȥʣһԺĿػվȥ֮ǲҶѩҲûʹ֣ʮֽ
Ҷ˵Ǿ仰˷ѽ⣬żѯ⣬˵˼ֻҪ˫֣֪Թ࣬࣬ܳסǿĳǸĶ֪֡ΪʲôҴ˺һֱǵ仰ÿܲ˵ʱҾ˵ʱĮһֱﵽʲôʹҲ򲻵ľ硣
ѩʮʱԸңʱңÿֻһ£µͥԺﷴնǵˮѯҡܷ֮ƥС
Ҳ֪ҶĽﵽεĳ̶ȣʮ껹ÿκ칫ʱ򣬵ȷչˣҲ֪Ϊʲôôһˡͫ￴üӰһ˿¶ȵΪʲôҹע
ƯʮҳܾλصƽݣÿؽִȺСˮʱû뵽̰һãͱ͵ǰ
ҳǰʱ򣬲֪Լ߹ԴһƬڰ磬ʲôǵã׺ԵɣҵľԲ϶װʲô֪ӣҪҵȻ֪СС
СլԺ꣬ںӱ߱˺ϴͬɵı飬ЦеΪϴ裬Ҷ˵ҼˣȫֱϴĸɸɾӴ˺ҵ˽ƷӴ
һŹ־ֽŮӣԼ۰Сã˲׽˵ӻתʱϲشһݺݵҧһڣ˵Ǹӡ
ڶ죬ͷ̫үβС֪Сһմࡣ
ΪʲôլԺֻһˣûļˣ΢Цûһ˿ԾֺǺǵض˵ǸĺӣǸŮҪҵ
Ϊʲô֣һЦ˵Ϊ˰׳˵ǸжöãҵĴ綼ƫƫǸŮϮ˸ҵ
˵ϮҵʱͷۣЩܲ˵رͷ˻ŴˣһֱӵңҰجξѣƵտһޣʱֱЩһҡҵ֣Ÿߡ
ߵʱȫĶܷɣǲκҶ˿ţӯӯ΢Ц绨ŵӣԼδǶôİżȻһɽּ֣һֻ˳÷¹
ʳܽɸֻȫȻ£ԵĻرݵĺɵ棬Ĵ˿ѩ׵Ƴγεĺɰ뵽ĵ׵ζûůĸо
ÿҹӿоѣŴֱΪҽһЩ飬ЩҲһ룬˵ؼߡҼǵϵضסңһһ˵šӳиҵΪԼҶʱԻôΪԼҶأ
Ƿ𽥳ĬԸ˫ÿ쾡ܵΪҴһЩҰСͼ͵ָƽĪĿֻţСάֵûãج١ҵңҪѼҵ֤ݣƱ󻼡
Ϊһλᣬڽľګʵ۸һصʮļҡ
Ǳҵʱͨȡ֤飬ȷҵĴͶĻı֮⣬ڸ׵Ĵߴ£֤ݽܿأӵԿ֮£ͬĴεƵڴϷһ̾ϢƺδҪҳ֤ҲЩֶΡ׷ʸףΪʲôôˣִ˻ش˵ʥһǰǱӵĸΪȹ̵ҵɲ֮ϵĵ֮Ҳţֻû뵽͸ǳˡɳ˶ƴɱϵϾΪ棬ֱˮݵĵزĮػӦףһҲָԤû뵽׵ֱ˿һҡ
ɵܿ⵹ңʣĹŮҵܻңһϣײҪȺһֺ֪еҸйأÿѵͷԣҡڲҹҹѣʱ̧ͷźҹҲ˻ΪʲôһҪϣǱ˵ܳܵסǿĴ
ͨ뺣ֻܱһΪ˵˻ϣҪһ壬ԼվͳʼѪϲѱڲɣ׵λЩ᧿ΣᵽȨϵΣӿԼѪߡ
УǸ׼ƻеһ֣ǹ¶֮ͬһӦʣشѾѾΪͣʵΪͿķļ䣬ϣͨӣȥ̽ļҳˡ˶˵ҵ˭ҺһȻ˶ֶĺڰΪ˱ϣǵػš


16.ش

ˮᵴ޲ˮӿ绨ĸ¥ʶȥµ¥ѩƵϣˡ
ֺᣰʵĳּΪһƬǵأÿҹϸ費ϻЦӯ֡˵һڲͬģ¥ϣһЩ޿κڵˣ˫ɡ
˫һЩɤתѣƽڵذϣȶĬĬܡһů紺ңһϵ޴ϵӰ˾´һ
ӣ÷˵ˡ㡭
شش˫ﰵһƫƫ޷ϸҲ֪ǶŮֽšԣϢײ̣Ų˼Ѩλ嵹޴
˫ŬѨʱŮֹһᣬӣһֻȱèӽȭŹ˵ãⷬǲ
ͳһߣĬ˵㲻Ůˡ
Ӵ绹ΪץǼô
˼˭˭֪㰮ɫߢԪ飿
ӣꡱһЦɴ׳ԵÿԩˣȻΪһһҹ˵˶ټûӦӣЦ֪˭
аˡ
ûô򵥣ҹҼ࿴һۣɱӣҵʲôԭٰŮˡϴɵζеѬ㡣
Щ˵˵ҶŮˣ
˫ɴϵİɫ£ԿЦһƽҶŭɶû뵽մȾϵ㣬ǰٿĪҲ˵ˡ
űˮ¡ܶ顢ӰǱаׯĻ¶ϣѵҶѵ˸ϵӣ˵꣬ƺЩδ˵ѹõ֪źݺ˸ƵģһֱҪŻƲŸģҿǴ粽ҪһСıøˣﻹóסҶķ
һ˵ˮҶˮʪҷ壬ھȻѹҵĴûһȻˮѾ֣пѾιʳܶ͵ۣŵĶ֪ܷܲá
˵ʱ֪˫ǿѣҲ֪֮ûкصΪ׾ܵҩˮ½ʧĳɹ˺ѡ
˫仰벻ԾСܶҶἰû뵽ˮ´˿ȴԼϣƽʱʱֻЩָһиЩ⻬˿񣬵뵽˫ĹƻԼϣʹ·ϻʲô⡣
Ӱָմ˫ɶʱͻȻһ飬һǰڷҵЩ⣬ʱһ˵ϻȻ򡪡ԭϴеۣǿźҵټ
뵽˫ɲɵ̾˿ԼаɽׯѲ˸ϵǸҶԼɷѿġ
˫ɶЩδӣЦǸɲġι߰һѶҩ붯Ҳˣ˵ܳˡˮϢ˭ҵõһҵȻǸ˴ţ͡Ϸ
˫ԽԽľǾ˻֮ʱ͸¶֪ѶϢһ뵽ӣ䲻ܶȴϵϡ
Ҳ˶ƣץסΪλǰǱһˮΡĵط
ϾƺҲץסˣ֮ǰӣץͯȥŤת֡
˻һӣOO@@شǺ˳˫ɼͱ۾װԡӣͷһ۵ϵ˫ɣȻ﻽ȥ¡
̵߳ӣ˵ҳŵʱ㡣ȻӽЦѵŮһۣ˳ȥ
ӣߵ˫ߣڽԣɴĨ촽е˵˫ɣʲôã۸ڶҶҲ㡭
˫⻰лһסװӣһᣬͻȻߵױ̨ϣš֬УղѩϾǽھȻһŻ
ӣ˫У½ƮƮسȥ
ھȻж죬ŻдһƬˮҫ۵Ĺӳյۡʹ̽ϣһӰüĿѩһϮɫ۰ŵӣڽ̻Ի͵ˮϣ˯Ӣƥӡ
ӣ۴ϵˣЦһû㡭˳ˮ飬˿̽ǷһҲ˳һԸ˵һﾪѵ˫ɶĴϣһ·Цﳤȥ
˫󾽣׾ӿΣ̱˸ϼ졣ر۾п಻ӣʲôҶϾߣϾһҲѨλ
ͻȻһϢƺֻ͵ָڵġ˫ɵüĿ˫һҶֻüϾͻһԭ˫ɡһֱ㣬ΪҴû꣬޹֮ģΪһİ˳ŮҶһҪҵ㡭ÿҹҶпʲôƴΪûƽƴҾվ
˫ĵƺȻ΢΢й¶ĴϾĬĬؿƬ̣º͵˵һ˫ɣ۾𣿡
˫ɽͫʶ˿ֻﶼҧѪ˿΢΢ࡣ
Ͼ΢΢һЦӣĿѨһɣ˫˳һʵʵˤڵϡ뿪᣼ԶվüĿԲ
ϾԴϳӣϥ˫ִϣĬһῪ˵ܽ˫㲻غ£Ҳͻ㣬һʱﾪϲԽֻ˵ټ㣬Ǹޱȡ
˫˫ֽգʵӣô
Ͼ貢˽˫ػسӵԸ񣬼ͻȻ˻Ƭ̵ľ㵡΢΢һЦص뻢ѨɵСͯҼѨλץס֮ǰǰӣ͵͵˼ΣһԲȥ
˫ͳЦ뵽˵Ļ¶ѿһʵһֱң
ϾǿһЦ˵Ҿ֪˫װ˯һֱ㣬ΪҴҪȥ˫һ¡ӣұΪֵܣŮӣұ㡭ͻЦЦ
˫΢΢ҡΣ˽ƣĬȻ˼ã˾ģ̇ǰϤݣƽ˵һλ
ϹӣʲôԾĻҲһҪ򾲣Ҫųһ
ҲǱˣ׼ȷ˵ХӵĹˣ򺮶ᷢڱѩ֮йȫڱ״ƯǰХϧչˣֻ޸ܣڿҲ²ҺХһ£㣬༫ΪХơ
˫ǿż¶˵ⷬʱϾӹ㵵飬˫ԽԽһЦЦ˫˫ۣڲԵϡ˵һ仰˵Ŀ£˵Σ
ƵĻӰϾϣɢŵĹΡ˫ɿʹֵһ޵
Ͼֱ˫ɣһƬˮ˫Ϊһ˲ٿ࡭Һϲʹûѷĸ飬պദ˵ҲὥΪȻܵѡ˫ɣС֮ͯԸһҲǿһĭķޣֻһѰɽˮһɽˮ֪
ü京ЦǴ磬˫ԣͫеϾ衣һ꣬ת̸£˫ɷ֣ĺѾܾôһӢŵϾ衣
˫ֹ飬ϾһЦ˫ɲػֲ̿ʲôʱˣʲôʱ͸ҡһûô֪ʱĿǰӳ˽ٲǽҪ֮
˫ɴ΢΢̾Ϣ治ܿϾ裬һЦݾʲôˡ
ĬĬңƬ̻˫ȿ˿ڣƺӣĻ᳡
Ͼͷ˫˵ҸղһЩԻ֪ǶӣԲǳӣܲĹƣڴ˴һˮݡ
Ͼ迴棬ذӳӵˮƣһһε⡣۰ѩıҲŲĲˣеռһĴ󴲣˼
Ͼ˵ӣŮ˵Ƕܡ
˫һϸ˼ˮ֮ٻ˵˼Ǻ±ץסѱʱͻȻܲꡭ˵ţƴߣ˿ͷһš´һ£¶һĶѨ
˫̧ͷϾ裬ס΢Ц˵ĸԣΪ˶Ѩһʧ붼뽫Ƕ
ϾؿڿơǡЦ΢Ц


17.ת

˫Ͼʰ׶£Ĺ£ǳǳطԹӰǶһԭССˮͨϸΪˮףܶ͸ˮΡˮЩãͷȻһ¾ӨϾڡ
Ͼ迴˫ɣ˵Ǿڡ
˫ԵؼöЩϷϸ۲ӳϵˮƣ̧һĲһԭһǽӦ
ˮһǾͿͯģƺЩֲ˼ĸоССݵشӵһ˷Ľﻹֹš
Ͼ˹ȥСͯǼԺûǲֺ
ͯէԼүЦЦ󣬾Ͼ̧ͷůңҳŻ뿪
үôҵˡͯŲ˵Ͼ趢һۣ˵ǲ̫ˣ
û˼ͯŵֱҡͷӻүЩ㣬ֱҡ˵ȻóԺúȣһֱŻصүߡ
ͯϾСӣԼүһţһ˼ȫʶ˵˳˫ɿڷһУĬͻȻڣӣӣؽع̳ݶ͵Ļϰպصܿơ
ϾͯͷӲӽγεװΣЦһ¡ղ˫ɿΨһĲµͯȥ֪飬̹˶ݵԵʣĿǰҶһԲŵ֪ڵڲܡ
˫ɲԸа֮˵ľ𣬿Ͼǲ֪лֹô򵥡
ͯһ˫ҲƵ˫ͫµµϾ裬ֿʶİˡ˫ɡ˫ɼǵС鷳ѲԸһֱɢͷĮؿǿ˫ðͯڳ京鵹ǽһ
²ӣĿľǲСͯ˵ҲǼܱյңͬÿչ̶ʱ䣬Ư̷͡
˫߶߶˵ŵʱͯ˵һ䡰еĽҲû¥λƯһ׷ʵ¥ϣ¥ﲻܱյĵǸ۾ǲǺƯ
ͯصͷô֪ǽ۾װˮûˮҪˡ
˫ɳ̾һׯ
Ͼ迴ĬĲգ׷ʹؼ֮Сͯ¥粻ӡ
ͯڰ˵Ҳ֪ô£˯ҹͷϵ컨ͻȻˣһкܶӰװ׻ģɽƯ
ͯϸ˫ɶϾ軹ԭһγ
һһֱϸչﻹλɫˣǾׯһⱻʳ˶ҩǰӣ˵ùʹòҩ衣
˶ĬȻֱڽߡ
ɨһۣͻȻȥʲôǰߣһȣ˫չʲôû㻹ô
Щŵϣɪɪׯﺬֵ̣ضŷڶŵˡ
һЦ㲻֪ҷô?Ϸ飬Ҳһܣѵ˽ҵƢ
Щϧ̾˿˵ߣΪ࣬оֱǰľͷγ㣬ÿ˯žҽ㡭
ߵҡΣתۿȹֶݺݵ˵ĴʼǣҲҪΪǡǡϳ˵һ䣬÷ڵļһ˫ϲģһҪݻ٣ʹҾԲù
Ͼ迴˫ɣ˫ɵӳ鷢ӰУţɪš
һȺˡ³һ˫ֻǻǰֻҪմ֣û˻⡣㾲˵Ҷ˵󲻵
һῡıаǰ˺ȴ˺ѷεػšҶİ¥Ⱦƣ¶ܣһҶ˫ɵ彣¹⡯ԭסˣĳ顣ҶԸʳˡɢһԹƶʱʹ֣ʱԽԽĮ֪ΪʲôܲĳĥԸشݲԼ־ǿԼȥʲô
ڶת伫˫ɡû֪ӺζһʱΪܿ˶¶˵˫޷ʱտ߷ĺʱľګƽ˭ϵǴȥƴһͱɱ֮ģŮӣװĺϲˡͬһ¿࣬չһȵ
ϾԵΪ𾪣ͯɻĿУŵؿŵͷ˫ɣȻԽ֣븧ƽǰŮ˵
˫۾۽ǹ̵ˮ¡Х˹¶˰ŲҶ糱ˮһӿ֣йӵĸطԭǸִģԭǸģҶ׿˵˿ţֻضǨŭڻЩεϸͻȻȫչ֣һһǰ߹ŵеˣܳΪ˳˺ԸµĹƶر۾УǴʹࣻУǴûȥҶУ˿̳þòƽУѿҲȥԹޱˡҪתҶĸ飬𺳸Ϊ˫һʱҲ
ӵˮػζˮһһ˫ɵϣĬĬ仰һ˼ܵ꣬ؾ뽭ʹʧȥΪ˵ġͼͻȻЩˣԭΪ˰͵ôһߣȥоһˣһСԪ͵ƣ˭һ𣿡ʮʱҶ˵ĻԭȻת䣬֪ȥΪ롣
ƽΪ𾪣ƽӣ˵һ䣺Ǹ硭ȴ͸һҡ
ׯĬȻ޵ӹ粻ơ
߳Ĭţݵѹľ࣬侲ҲĬĬط֡ã˻һˮ£ҺΪţΪΪ׼۹ĸס常ǽͱ˳ȥҾ֪ıа𡭡ǣΪδҲٰһվں԰ԻͻȻǰ信һ԰߳ޡҲ֪˭ճյؿһ˵һ䡮ʲôޣҾͶʱϲˡŷֵղμӹڦȫˣûɱҡҲ֪ôͿƲԼĸ顭
̾˿ǰ߲ˮȻתͷŶȥ
ׯҲһ̾˭ϵ˸ӵģЦҶʼɳɿ񣬾ȻȺ޹֮ˡ
˵ͻȻߵǰһ񣺡ׯԲס۹
̧ͷﲻչŶׯ֮ݹϾЩһֻ·޹С¹
ׯ˵ʵϦ֮ҹģ䶾ءʱһֱƣǹҡּĿתؿ㣨ʵڿģձʱ˳㡣
ׯׯһ񣬼˵ƽȥһΪȼΪ֤ׯʳԡ
ׯӣ̾ԡ

أϾҵļžҡڵµҹɫУƳһ䡣
ͯҡҡͷ˵ûˣҿԺʱ컨ʲôʧˡ
Ͼɵ̧ͷͷ˫ɱǣһʱ˼糱еյѾȫ⿪ͬתˮµطڡ
Ͼ迴ȻЦ˫ɣҴԼܲ³ʲôΪҴ˿ҲǱȽϻҡԭ˼Ĺӣľ˼ӵԭˡȻۣ֮ĹӶ˵һ仰ǣ޾壬һսϣܵ˫ɣһֱȥ¸ҵһʤ
˫ԺЩ죬Ͼ軰кܴϤϢŬ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ⻰һ˵Ǿκ
ţǣ޾壬һɳϣܵ
³Ծڴӷҵ˼ѹһ䣺ἰĹ˭
ǾһͣСס


18.޳һߣϣ

Сס˫ĬĬؼס֣ȻϾἰƱй֮ΪʲôļǺϣ˫Խһ⡣
ˮɫģһӨ貣˫ɶһˮƣ˼
ûἰ¶û֪ȥ
ӣҺϾһ𣬵ʲôĿģ
ͻȻһ仰۸ڶҶҲ㡱һ˵ӣʹŵעŮ˽飬⻰֮⣬ƺЩ߷߲ƽѵǿҶ
˫ɸо﷢ð츧˸ֱּۣƶϣӣǳĸʮפǶʮͷޱȣʹϲҶҲܣôһ㣬ΪҪЮôҪЮأ
˫ͷѣȴϾЦ˫ɣЩŹ֡Ǿλ֮£ɽˮÿ¹ˮϣܷ㵹Ӱ
˫ƶǶؿϾ衣СͯǴˣﾰͷиӣĵӰ
˫˵꣬͵𾪣ŵؿϾ裬˵СͯĵطϷӦڴ˼ҵ߲࣬͸ղŵˮͨˮһ𣬳ΪһƷ͡ôǸղ϶ҲΪʲôأ
ϾһЦҲȥȥװ˵ãҲ˫ɾȻӦתͷͯ˯ѨȻ߳
˫ɺ֪ܿӣ˾ٵĿˣϾվڵǼʱһ֮˶һۣϸ˵ĬԾ¡

Ҷ̤ͬԼͥԺǰ㣬Įشˮӣǰ
ҶĿòӣԶԶ̽޻¹ͣΩǴνϽӴڳƣֻԼɼһɫԿ̰ıӰ
ǵӰȻؿӣ˫ͫ
ߵĳÿտĻ겻Ҳָƣ䴫š̸֪һ
˵ҶʮгݰΪһùգ˿糱ӿϺһ½ƳΪˣÿ깫ݱҹȼ̻ʾףء
˵ʥΪȶ֮ģϥ۰׹¼ޡ˽Լò󣬻ع֮ʾͲ跹˼ҹƸĶ١
Щǲ׽Ӱϸ߽ǣҶͳں¥ڡ
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ӣ΢΢һͣӦ磺˵Цˣûȹƣǲô׼ˡ
Ľǻϰյƣ峺׵İףζѰκξյۿɼ֣ڴʱ˵س֣ζʲôڳλ֪
յƣһյƣһյҩơȥͻṦʧ˰ڲҪԱˣһΪɫһΪ˸𡪡ġ֡ʩӵϣζ֪
ҶضյƣҹĹ߹ճĬĲӰһֱעҶƣͻȻѡ
ӣ龧ӨתЦһơ
ƺĴذͻȻѿ¶һѩ貵ˮ֮ˣĳ㡢½϶˵ĳ˱Žϣ˯ˡ
ҶһۣɫǱҩƣȥȴŵڶƲ
巢ǰͷβĮפʰƾûһ˿ĶµľɸŨ
忴ӣһۣӣ֪˼ҶȵҩƣֻϴȥǰµĽҩֻҪվţֻҪµڶؼĶƣûܶ
ӣǽЦһһƷ紥һĺģˮȻһת¡󣬾ȻԳðһ˼ˮ
󴲱ڻ֮ؼΪؼǴϻˡ
˫ͷ΢ңƽ࣬΢,ȫ½һɫ£ʱ˫ҲԱ߻иӢµϾ裬ǣϾȻ΢˫ɶϣ˷˿ƣܲԡ
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˫һͻǿסĵĻţ쬵ֲƲסҪ뵽ˮ׵˺ϵϾ裬ŵøӷҵָ⣬һ㶼Ҳ
Ϣŭӣźۼص֮ǰ΢Ц˵˿˻صúܣѨλ˯һⱭƣܲɣһҩպÿԽ⿪Ϲӵ˯ߣѰԴ󷢡
ҶͻȻӣһۣӣһЦֹ
һֱûгʱȴسȥ
ҶһƱƽƽ𣬴ǰתӹһ뻡УŴȥ
ҩЧܿͷˣŵĶҩƺȵô򵥡
ϸҶ԰׵ӣͻȻֻһƣƷӿҶƣҡ£Ѫ
ζΣ˵
ҶֶסϿһۣȻתȻ߸ϵĵĮߵ¡
ӣ˵ƣЩĿһƺΪȻľֹЩɲһʱҲǰȥ̽
һƬţ˸˼
᯼֮䣬˸̽ҶĿĺԣһʧԲǰĥˡ
ߵˮǰתĿ̨֮ˣ֡
ҶĮؿûж
˫ѹŷŭƤ΢ԵϾ˯ˡ
ˡӣЦһֹƣƿϸϸ鿴ҶĿ˫ת˵ӵڶûж֤ʧ˵Щɵʹ죬ͽתᲦ˳˯ˡ
ӣƽǶ裬Űɵ߽ҶǰȻݵ֡
ץסҶ˫磬ֻҶ˫类ж£ǰ͹ӣ㵴ôҪŵġ
һЦ˵ҶֽǵζôʮȫϻҽҲҪʮƣúõػζζ
Ҷɫ԰ףһϸĺѶ¿°ͣĮضסǰĿԲģ߳ŭ֡
磬ס֡һϸӰסҶشصضʹת۵壬˻ƣӦҲ˺ģҲŸҩ衭
һ۽Ƴӣһ˿м֮⣺ֺͿˣ⸱Ƥ󡭡ʹ֣粻㻹ܿ˭
ӣ庬ɳӰỰһЦ˻ѾãȻ֪ʳԵë֮⣿ԭӣһֱϸҶĿҲЩζѵ֮ӣҪҶòԻ˵ġָ̡Ŀǰƶԣӣһϵˣ书ס
¶ӣڵ˼ȴڵ̰֪ӣĿĻֹˣһ
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ЦһװͿΪҲǳԵֻҩܿ֫ѣûмӺǵ˼Ҳ˵ǵĳˣƾյĶҩͿ԰һӣҪҪԲϤ㣿
建תĿֶεݵ˵磬㲻Į飬ȴܷһŮȥ˳ľ񡭡ҾͳװˡȻΪʲôɡ
ӣ岢˽Ҷ˫ۣЩؿſ޳˵ߡ
ҶĿ΢΢ɶתһۣȻĮ˵һ仰û뵽ҵ㡣
ߴޣҶ˫۱סĲӣһļҶûκα飬ܰһȫŵĮϢ
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ӣһˮ˫ͫɨҶ΢кۼıתҶϣ˵޸ǳʲôƵģת΢΢ɫãңҪȥЩˡ
ȥ
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ӣĬȻҶΣ˫ıºס˴¹⡣͵Ĺ£ӣһ·ǰУỬ˫磬֮һ֬Өڻϡ
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ӣǰίҶԤ֪⣬糯΢΢һܿ塣֧壬Ѿ˰ɣ˵
ӣЦЦ㻶죺ǴֻҪΣʲô鶼顭
һĨЦҶǣĲ԰ףǶâĻӣЦݾѣѺ˵ղǼˮ󿴵˰ɣֻҪšƵϸͻӿɰǧˮһӣλεε˾ͻû
䷿ӵǷͨҶĻͻȻһ䡣
ӣԵüΪ㵣Ҳ벻Ժ⣬ĮضסԼ˫ۣһѿڶǡ
ҶһЦá
ߵӣ࣬ͷһ㶢ŵϵϲɫ˫ģζԡ

                  
19.޳һߣ£

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˫ϲֻ̧ͷᶨ˵һ֪ӿ壬ϣӲҪȥЩˮˡ⣬ҶӦκһҶսľܲ𡭡
˫ɵ˼ףҪ뿪Ͼ΢Цţ漸ҧڴ䡣
˫ɻºЦݣƽ˵ӦֿԵֵˮ¥ھƷƱòɹ⣬˵һɰټ֮ĸֲҲҶˣұѭŵػҾ޷뿪
˫ɼȻҲǿ㣬ҪŪеɻС
Ͼѯ˼⣬˫ǷаƿơжԼĴ㣬˫չһЦһһΪ
һһ٩٩̸ƲԽԽ򶨵΢Ц
Ͼ迴˫Ƭ̣Ŀһǣôϲӡ㲻˵Ҳףҿ뿪ȥ֮ǡһ߲Υ㲻벻ԣѭ˼ܲΪСͯǡסôشңȥҡһջĹӡ
˫ҵĺڷ˳˸ֽϺĬĬϡ
˫ʵп̾Ŵҹදһʱ֮ĳȲܳϾ衭Ҫҡ
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ֽֽգǰХŵӣʱܹ衣˶Ͼ˳Ž˶ˡ
һԲ¾ӳϺĻϣʱ˿̣¹ѻƳգ䣬˪ʮҹĿٳǻԻͣǵĹâؾҵƻӳ֪֮ǵƻ׺˲񷣬һйǧ˴ص۾
˫̾ԣǽΧնһҪúûζڳ䣬ת۾ͿϾ΢Ц
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˫ת˵ӱأһһȥ㡭
˫ɵͷǰԶԶĿ֮ļӰǱֱţһһͿ׼µײѰһأʱ򣬶Ƚתһˣݵϴһŭ˫΢΢ȨҶĿǰİΣԾ¸¥

Ҷֵ̾УͫĮ룬һһεǰѩ׵ϡɫ޳ָӣĲ䡢ȣ˿֮ƫƫϥϵŮ˽Ŷ쳹
ַ·ħ֮أָµ˻ȣ֡
ҶؿӣǹһĨ΢Цϧϥ֮ܣ޷ѩ顣
ĴͻȻȻ죬һɭɤˣôĵӡ
ҶǵļڽתУ̧ȴ䵭˵һ䣺˷羰
ӣϧ󣬴Ĵ洺˵һ䣺ҡϹװӲŴǣǰȥ
ӣŪ֮ʢֵŭҲƾͳȥӣУһšܿƷ磬ɲɣŵպڷ绨ίء
ѩ׵˫壬ӨţƸһҹ΢΢忴ǰһĻơ
ӣЦһ£źס岱һǡˣأ
סˣѨλԹš庬ػشԽԽֱӣշת˱£ʧǣоζ˻һˣ㡭ȻȻصȥ
ӣתЦ˵Σ
ҶһֱۿڷһУĮ˵ֶΡڴĨҩʹмҲԲѡ
ӣ˫ģϣ̨֫Ѿܴŵˡ
˸˵̫ˣͻȻαۣ
ӣǺһЦеҩԶ季и֦ߡ˵ֻҪһξܷŵʮƥգҿҪҹ
תתۣҶĮЦ㲻õģҿ᲻Ե㡣
ҶĮضӣҩ׼ˣıѾˡ
ӣ޷ɢ촽Цѡ
Ŀûô򵥰ɣҶĿһ̧ӣĿ˵ӲŪֶΣѾʧȥüֵ˳һŰ߿û˵һǡ
Ҿ˵Ǹˡӣ۲תƺԽҶƶأҲż븹ֻƴ۹⿴˼ֱͺԼǸׯŮҶȫˡ
СΪ˼ƻá㣬ֻҪ˽һ㽻УҾ´󼪡
ӣ䣬˫޷ӹһ̨ȥ̣Ϊҹζ࣬Բסˡ
Ҷ̨ǰǰһֱԲӣߵǰʱͻȻ䵭˵һ֣
ӣȻٲЩ粻ؿ
ҶתĿ⣬ϣʹɫ˫ôܺϴ
ӣĿŤһɫĹʣô֪㡭
ҶҲشȻסĮ˵˸ղǸӣȥû˸С檲ǸŮһӵ
Ҷȴֱ䣬ѱһһӣ¶ϡӣأ̨ǰã˻һ˶ֻǵһض孵׸
ҶĮֱ˵ǲ࡭ûӡ˾ͷ裬ͼװۣҲϵöԵˡ
ҶչӣҲ಻סʮָһҪҶȥ
տĴͻȻһĵɤͳƮ
ҶĿǰ˵㵭ЦͻɤӣëȻǼΪס
ӣػعͷ֪ʱղŽյĴڿһ϶ģ¹һݸ߸ߵӰӣһȻ
һֽۣ֫տյشžĺڷңȫð쬵İӻȪƮĻꡣ
һߴشصرֱǰ߶һƣҲǲ԰ѩһҪԹʲôȥɡ
ӣ˹ĳѻ䣬вѣ˭ˡӣȶĴ٣Ҷһ˵ϳ֣ʱʹо书վǸŮˣοκ¶ŵòᡣ
һֱӣ˵Ĳǵôҵ㺢
ǰӣƣӣҲܲסδüָһȥ
ͷӣһۣתͷҶһۣƽ˵ôҪ뿪
Ҷ𣬾һֱƣ˿˵仰˵ˣ˫ɡ
˫ɡ
ڷһʮֳԾӣԽԽƣҶԽԽ䶾ʱڵӣƼҶɱǣȻߣͳɢͷʹ˽ȥ
˫źЩɣѿʵô֪Ҫ
Ҳ֪Ҫһһֱڵ㡣Ҷס˫ۣ˲䲻գ˵

                  
20.

ƣ嵭Զζÿ϶˿˿ɴʴᣡ⻨Ӱ˵ϲʡµˣ̨һ˿ˡ
ܷʢĺģ¸պױ޵Ӻݻҳ˻͸ŵ⣬һ̵ӰǾһϮҶ
ɫǻõβɫױȵĵλҶʹŲʹĥʹĿȫĮϢҲ˿ȱǱ˫ɲȥ룬Ҳ֪ģǰ֮δྶͥͷңҹżȻһƬɢǷصðĹ»Ұ
˫ܸ׽̵òһأѪ۴Ӳݴһ糾ѩž̨֮ʱüΪƽҹҲˣֻҶǾ䡰һһֱڵ㡱ЩҶ˫ۡͷµɨӣĿŷź޲Ĺʡ
˫ɿҶƶ˵Ŀ⣬ӱ˱ܣתۿĽʯִѯʣг˽һУ
Ҷڽµ˫ɣҹ仯඼ƿ֮䣬Ͼ衣˿ڡ
˫ɱڱºۣŴԺһ㽫ڵϡһʱ˼תĿϼ򶨣˼֮ĬĬؽ۸ӣϡ
Ͼأ
عӣϽѴСͯ뿪ӿܻ֪žһ
Ҷ˹ش˫ɵĻֽһ䣺˺ܲ
˫âڱԽվֱ
Ҷң˫ɣ䵭ֵ˵˫ɡ
˫ɿ˿ܣûжＱе˵ӣ˿ץסʱȳ㿤Ϊá
ҶЩʶ޳üë壬˫ɿãšˡһ³һѪЩ΢΢Ծ漴׹ǹƶ¡
˫ɿĮﰵ̾ϢһĬĬ˹
дôߵҶ߼Զĵطͣ£к̹ܶӡ
֡ҶͻȻ˵
˫ǰΪЩ֡
Ҷһָۣȴεץס󣬽վЩ΢΢ҡΣ˫ɼƣֻýӲزԼࡣ
ȥ˵ѨλˡҶ䵭˵֪ղװ˯书ûʧΪ˵㺮置ܹƣһɰٶ֡
ˣҵȷжǱѨλһֱԡ
˫ɣһɹ˵ô㣬ҲҺˡ
˫ɵԵøӽֱĵקק󣬷һ㱻Ҷ²ЩţҸղûгգһ֪ˣȻ಻ĥǲ˹Ҳ̣
Ҷ䵭ѩϢ˫ɶߣʹɣ˫ҰЩң£̫ԡ
ƫƫʱҶ̧һۣ˱ѩƣϸϸĦӣ˫ɹ˲ҷƿֻúȻӣʲô
ৡһ£Ҷԥ˺ߣ˵һ䣺ԺˣҪü˵仰ǻ΢΢һҶȷȫ˫ϣ˫βɢ
˫ȻҶЩٻ˵ӣܶôȥѨλ
Ҷǳƿ˼Ѫ˫ɴ󾪣ַסӣΡҶüĿԽԽ£Ӵشض˼£һͷ˫ɻ
˫æסҶһʱ֮侪˵ӣ㡭
˺صˣ֧Ųסˡ
˫ɿ˿Ҷɫϲ԰ѪƲ٣ɵΪΡԥ䣬Į˵ֲǲ֪˷纮ƣѵм𣿡
˫ڲԸʳƶ飬Լĥ･ҧҧŷϿ߹ȥһһ˵˵Ѩλ
˫ɵĿѲӣ֮䣬ϴЩɻ󣬵뵽Ҷ˼䣬˿Щ䵭һʱ
ҶŲԼӰ˰˵Ȼش⣬Ȼ׷ʲô顣
˫ЩɵٴἰϾȥԥһ²˵ˡáû뵽ҶŲʵǰҪ⣬ѯ䣺ͷô£ȥ
˫һΪԵ˵ľ˵ˮʱȽϺ죬ҶһֱƣĿ£˫Ȼֹ븹
ָ˼ɣҶĬãſʵ
ɡ
ѹֲСͣ˵书·еأ䵱ķʪɹа򣬷޷ʩչ⿴һ˶ˮ֪书ֹˡ˫ɣһҡ
˫Ծæ˵ˡ˿̻ǴôΪҪ
Ҷ̧һۣתΪĮպһҪѰʵףȷŹ㡣
˫Կҵز档ӣĿǰƷתδãٷʱȴ⿴Ҷݷ˱仯Ŀ̺ŷζ
ôҶˣҶãջǷǰ˺ǰֱú죿ֻֿһѣʲôҡӡ
˫ɲ˲ӣϴ󾽣Цһ
ҶķӦ۵ףԻһ¼ƽ˵˫ɣı¾װơɹƭ֪˵ʲôȴװʲôʱһ㡣
˫ֱͦҶƲƲ죬ϸϸĻﲻǰһЩ顪ݺľګƽײȡ˵κøУĺװֻڵصضĲװŪӣÿԼ˵⣬ɻȥ
Ҷ˵ġװơɹƭʹ¼ɣ˫ԻֿʼڵİΣӣʱˣ㿤ˡ
ҶӰһЦ֪ﲻסʹΪҿǣһҲΪ֡˶٣˫ǱԼĬͻȻ˵һ䣺֪ңȴ˿ҪԵͷˡ
˫о棬˼Ƭ̺֪Ҷ֮⣬òἰϣҲڣֹͻŭһ˹ȥ
Ҷݶһ̣ؿվ˫ɲ֮ϢԽԽͣԼסҶ
һĨνĶ䣬ֱš
ƶʣӣ̰ɫֻҪץס˵ͿⶨԡҶߵ˫ɱ䵭˵䣺Ŀľ뿴˫жʯĳ̵ʲôʱҡ
仰˫ɼΪԾͫʶƮ£뵽ղһĻﲻɵÿЦһǧ㣬ջĵ
ҿҶӣ󻶣Ȼί߸Ū˿ŭʵ壬һ屻ӣŵ˫ɼӣ߳ŭҪȺҶ֮γ
Ҷ֪δ֪ǺԭҲ󣬹ԳＤŭӣɱ˫Ҳȥˣֻ˳µسǰֻ벻װ
뵽ղҶĮƶŪӣӣ˫һʱпû
֮䣬Ҷ˫ɷ΢΢һķβִϷ鿴˫Щ粻סѯһЩɻϸڣͻҶ䵭˵˫ɣѾײκˣԺˣһŹ㡣

                  
21.ɵ

    ˫ܣ̶Ƶ˫ֱԶôҲת۾
ɵϣȻöҶǾ仰˼ݵľĿҹֻһζѣסһͷ
ΪɵҲһܣҶǷ޳񳤰ɽϵÿòǰշӭεмܲס˵ȫҪһһѪ
Ҷ䵭ƮϢݺӡ˫ɽ죬ԶգȣԽŭ
Ҷһۣקסͷ£ͷ̵Ĳ֣ºץβֳ˳
˫ǲҶ죬̲ס˵ӣǸʲô
ֻһûտ㣬ءҶת˫ɵ۾Ĵ־˲٣طñҰһ
˫ԭֻקԼͷɿŲӣŴԺ󣬲ɵŭӣǡ
ҶͻȻһ˫ɺԣֽݺݵһڣҲԽԽˣȥ˴
˫ɴŭһЦȻ¶Ū¡Ʋһչƴʲôȴ񾪴ʵʮ·Сõġ˫֡
ҶһϮּɿת̨ȴЩΪȻڲɹЩûץס㡭Ժ軻ɴ֡
˫ɴ󾪣Ҳ˷£ɶʣûж
߸ι˽ҩ
˫ȻιҩڽⶾǰܵĥϲɾŭɱʶӼ֪ɱĶαص硭
Ҷתһ˫ĿϡЩ˵һ䣺ǸɵϡƽյѩĮƴ͸һΡ
˫΢һͻҪ죬ľվ
Ҷڻ̨Ҳ鿴һۣ΢ָ̧һָ紩͸һ˶޵ĺģӦһŻ˫Եϡ
ˡ˵
˫ɻعϸܷҪӻŽϳǶ亣ģֱЩ档죬סûзʡ
Ҷתݣ飬˵֪ɻ󣬿»ڴΪβоȳ㣬ҿ㱣֤ڵ¾԰ȫ
˫ɰľĿƽ
Ƕ亣ģǲ䣨ļģеһ֡Ҷָָ̧࣬ζҲԡҲ˫Ƿ˵Ż·ӣ򶨵ؾңǷˮػҲΪ˳ⶰ¥ʧ
˫ɶ黭֪֮ƤëȷЩûףԸ⶯Խ˼ǲϵãҶӣҲߣһзѵ֮ġ
ת뵽֪֪Ӱĸ֣ЩԾһ似˼䡭
ǡҶ˫˵꣬ƶ˵˽ǣһ֮壬ʱ档
˫Ŀ϶Щ𾪣ջԶӴᣵĿָƽǺΪΰ
Ҷһֱ˫ɣĿгԶȻͬɽƣֻ¶ıһǣ˫ڸǹȥڵ˲ҫ۵ĺǹʡ
˫˵һֱãδע̨Ҷ
ˮ̿ҶĬĬ£ɤ˵˿֪﷢˱仯ڵһ˵١
˫ֻɶͷԣЩ㵵ؿҶǳûѯʡ
ҶĿ⼲ӣιһЩɫٿˣ²˾̾ļһƬľ١
Щұ뽻㡣Ҷ䵭ڣĿǰӣ˵˽´󼪣ȻǼƻȸһӣһֱڴǸƻɣֻЩ⡪ӣԵ壬ѩ֣ӣҳ֡
˵ļƻǡ
˫ɣ㿴¥ΣҶʡ
˫Լˮ󣬺ˮ³ǣдЩ̧ͷ˵ʹֻ˼䣬Ҳƶϳ¥¹
ӣĺ¥ҷѣӪ޷֧ţʵǻи̨ų̂Ƭټ˲ʢ֮أͨԺԶ˵Ҷסתۿ˿˫ɡ˫ɺεȻָĿ⣬һͻѸ˵빫ʾ
κ¡
˫ܹв룬кΩû뵽κ¡ֶİϤʹͬϵ˰̣㲻ȥҿԶоĴڡǴ˿Ҷ˵֪ǧȷʱһƽͳȥҡ˼ͷãȻߵ¡
Ҽ϶࿴κۣ֪ϳˡҶһĮ˵һɴ˫ͫ˫ɡӣ־ͳݣ˽½ύκ£֮ӣֻΪ˴ʹߵ⡣
˫ɵ˼˵һƬ嫲ãˮҶƽ޼һһµκһֱǰⱾ뼫ԮˣŵտˣǨûȴһӲˣظĿ֮ʹ࡭
𽥻ĹУ˫Ҷǰʵܼ򵥣޷Ǿǹڡ顱ֺ֣͡
˫δǸգġ澳ڸߴʤļį֣ȴ޷ף˶ӣĬΪΪվʹسޣڵȽκµжκƽذ಻һְȨΧʹ߱ɱҲӸϵһҲȫɫǻ֮ˣٴҺ֮ġ
ʹߡҶӦˣһγʧɥʧ֮ˡ
Ҷ˫ǰ֮˻ָ˵Ķǡǵţӣ߽ȥͨκ߳۾ϵ
˫ɵǵĵطҶĻƱҲ²κǷ֣һ취ӣϵĽ֡ûκȰһķչȥ
ģ֪ʲôҳɼ̫ײῪ󡭡ǸɵϡҶ䵭Գֵ˵꣬ǵüĿŵգ̲סֿ˵̫࣬Խ󡣡
˫һֱĬ
Ҷͷ˫ɣ۾䳺纮̶ˮ壬нһǹ⡣˫йãйʹ࣬Ƭ̵ĳܻ֮ľɣļᲢãϻ۲ɡ
ּᶨƵĿ⣬ִֿļ䡣ͬһεˮƣҶס˫ɡ
㣬Ǻáһֵīڵĳüͦı߿ŵ򢳯ӣ̲ȫĻµ˫§ס˫ϰ΢΢һ£ҳȥ֮ǰʵһᣬǴԽãҾͿƲҵľġ
˫ֱͦ־ʽĻоҲҶƽ䵭΢Ĵ˫ɻĬĬ˼ҶմļıҹΪ˾ȳóȻĥ֮⣬ƴ˿̵¶һ˿ôǿӲ˾Ȼ飬۳ء
Ҷ˫ϸС仯ͷתȥ
ӡ˫ԥһ£ס
ҶĬĬӿһ˿΢Ц
Ŀǰܹƶֲܻ¼ƣأ˳ȥǷʤ㣿
ԭ֪ô顣ҶȻֵȻ˵ʳ˾䣬ʵס֪𰸣ͱӣ
˫ĿǵӰųȵĽŲ߳԰Ϊӣ£˫ֻ𡣾ʵǰ׿һۣĵиͬʱκ£ĪҪ߳ţҶٷŹ㡣

Žǲ¥ԣУǻԡֱֲͨԳƵǡŪӰԣˮƷɡʥء
Ҷ¹Į߳¥ʱ˲΢ۡɴɵϢӦΪͳһ赭ɫӰ˫ͫһɨˣ˵ǣȻѳ֣ζʲôҲס
Ӧվڴ֮ԣʵػʤѩѩһĿͬڵ˿εĿǰ
ɡءеɫˮ߳һˣݳߣ˫ĿĽŲϢĿ˫ڰɫУ˿˫ֺ˫ۣ֪˱ضɡΪûһ˫֣ûһִ͸ĵ۹⡣
Գվͷβûһ˿
ȵ˲ˣҿһҶǵ˫ۣɱ䡣Ĭ߳Ӱ˫ɣԹһ񣬴ݲȵطӣ
˫ɴһԣɫɨȫޱضһӦС
Ӧп˿ǰڷ꣬΢΢ƶϳҶἰġˡڲ䣬ҶĮ˵ӣڴˮס
Ӧл⳯ѩ˹֣ѩĮشһϸխĳɭȻָء
Ҷһ֣ɫ¶޳ȶָ˵һ֣
ǰһӨ׽ʵĳ
˫ɴһۣγӣҶ֮УɫŰ׹⣬ĮشĹӰ˺ͽǻȻһĸ߹񣬺ĸ֣ˡ
ǿһҶ֣ͻȻ˵
ʴϹӷͽ֮ף߾ŷ֣һ룬ȫ̺ѪкѩŹԴӹžһۣδʹô˽ΪʣѪա


22.Ķ

ڸɽֹĵ֣һֱ֪Ҷе
ҶУʮ꣬Խܱȡ˫־ʹֽֿһ룬񣬴δ˶֡
ʱʴ԰͵ϣƴ
Ҷȫ˿Ϣ£½󵱷磬ͬ¸ǰȻַ
Ŀ˲䲻ơ˫ɷӣǾʹδϿһۡ
ż䣬Ǳ˶˼һˣβհ˺ˮӰͣѩŽСֻݱ»䣬ǲմһѪΡ˫ɿĽӰﰵԾѩӵĽǧѩ壬ãĵطѵеĹ¼֮⡣ѩĽļҰݻᣬΨȱе𽹫ӡ
ֱӦѩ߽¥˫ɲŷĵתĿ⡣Ȼ֪һһǣ΢ı仯ѡĿȫϢȵӰ
վ˷ƴԴУϴĵֺܺһδ֮䣬Ȼڣһ䣬ȴ˲ˡĴ󡣽ƻܴɣǲԹˣֻ빫ӹƽһս
˫΢΢ݣû뵽Ǿ֮䣬øϲεĵλѧϣȴǸߡ˽Ҷƺδ侮ʯҪƽд衣
۹⡣Ҷ̧˫Ŀ䵭˵һ䡣
ǻ۹估ӣʱòʮꡣʮּįܺ羰գɱ񷺮Ⱦ쾡¡
շ֪ĳļįӸĳսʤ֮䡣ĳϲδռκȻս
˫ɿȥǰݳǵݾͷɲ٣ʱֻһƣ˶ѡ̾ϢһǳĬ
ԼΪʱҶɫ΢Į˵
ʮպ󣬳ʱĳӴݡ
Ҷһ˼³һ֣ŵ
Ŀٴӵϣ˵ŮˡҪߡԴһҲûһˡҶͦɣҹеʴȴˡ
ˮĿУ˫ȴͻ԰Ӱ߳泯ٴλʩºιʶ񣿡˫ɳ⣬صһˣ
ǵһЦЦЩԳȡҶδ˷ȽڵľֹĮ˹˵Ůίʵģڰǰ巵˼ҵķ򡭡תۼ˫ɼĬĲá
Ŀ˫һۣȻӣͬػ䱦߿һ·ǰвͷһصյ
ӰУˮˮߴ಻׷ɢˮС
˫ĿǱӰʧҹĻɨһ۽βս֣תҶ˵лӡ
ΪˣҶ˫۶סǰδ˫ɡ
壬Ӧ𾴡˫ϧ˵
ôҶĿͻ绪ѤãȴЩѩ֮⡣Ȼ֮䣬ơ
ۿ԰޳ָ쵽ǰ˫д󾯣ˡ϶һ뻡ֻһ˲䣬Ҷһʽ¡ͽ˫ɱǰ
˫£޷ѣɵ˵ӣⲻͳ
ʷҶīͫʤԵֱ˫ҵֽѱܡ̲סŭ˫˵㲻Ϊңлǡ
˫ɼҶһƽص󣬾ȻĿ֮˲ׯأʵŭǹŭ̻ȼֱϣӳյʱһЦӣҲ㣬ˡ֡
ҶͫǹѸ˫һǣſӡ
һֻϢϮҶ΢ӰƮƮӵɿ⡣΢ţʴ󸺵ϣ¶һѩĽʡ
˫ЩԾʽɽĿǰɹ˭֪δմҶһ˿ǣʹʩõ𣬵Ҳܱմ²ˮرܿģ
˫룬üĿ֫ٺ˫бչӭԷ衣ӣˣ
˫˪¶Ƶİˮץȥ
ҶȻ˫ǰʼսһ˿޵ĵ֮ЦƮݿ˫ɳʱ˫һֱ̬ȻͥŲֱƺһЩߣ˫˫Ʋѩ籼뺣İٴˮ೤ָҪѳɹ㡣ƷһʮʽѾʩʹ顣
ڵڶʮͣפԼҼʱҶͻȻסβٶܣ˫ѩȴҲɲסʽ͡ɽˮ෴ɵĹƣټȥͿҶһӡ˼ϲ˾ͣ¶жԷȦס˫ȥҶҲҹֲ̿Ҷòϸ΢һ¾ͻ˫Ʒ磬Ҳ޷ΩǴӡ
˫תۿһҶҶµش˫֣ɫ˵Խˡ
˼ʲôҶ¥ǰ£ʴұ֮䵭ڡӣʹŭҲϲƷ
˫ƽ΢΢һЦ̧ĬĬգֻ̽¹ӵĹ׼ΣǷһǰվվȣֻ
ҶŪ˽ıƣҲΣأӭƬ֮ϵĸůգǵ㣬ѩˮϽ֯ߡ˫ɶļΪƽǳЦԢʾڽ֮Ķ
˫ɶһֱۣˣиˡȥﻰ𡣡
Ҷ˼һһؽ˼īüϸ˫׹İƷֱ϶ҪʾԼʲô
һӰϣȻɽĿɿڴؿ
ҪΪ˽թ꣬Σû˽ڼƷ㲻ܣ𾪵Ҷסղ֣ȻĮ˭ƭˡ
һ˼ͻȻһˣΪĺ
ȷӳϾ㵲ѣŵ׷Ѱǵ¥Ӱһͷȴɫ
Ҷ̧תˣˣ
Ϻɰãǰվ¶ʣһ
ƷǺ·
ʱȶ产˵Ŀ˲٣δ
ɽӽ꣬СսǧҶѯҲʶ̽Ѱ˫ɳͼճٻ˵꣬ȴһ䣺Һ
ҶתĿϡ
΢΢˵һǰһɽʱ۱նϺ޷ǹõĵ־Ʒ
ԭˣҪǵƷҶֶ忪һվĮ˵ҲԣôҶ֪飬ȴ˽һ
ϽǾŹ࣬Щһͷˮӡھɲ֮ʱҶ䵭ɤˣ˽˫ɣ֪ǰйڣǴ˿ñҵ֣˭ܶ
ҶǰϼžһڵɫӰ£ϡɼͫľʾ֮ɫż͸廨¥¹⣬ȻȻַϢһߡ
ָоϤΪǰһɫ֮ҹһȾ꣬ĮشӰ߳һͨĳնˣʮоͽǡϵǼǵú۹ҹ䣬Ҳ


23.ѡ

ɫŨӳô¡¹к¥ǰӰϣƮ໹Ҫᡣ¥ǰҫۣҶ䵭ضסǵ̺Żһգȴ˫ɵĵƺƬɴλУٷ꿴Ҳһ͵ɫԡ
ĴѣΪ˼۶ĺŮ
߹ӳڷķ˿У˫ʢֻҵҹ⣬Ը¥һ·Ҷǰҵ۹⣬ü׷ɣ̺ڴҲǸµˡ
Ҷδ۹⴩͸ҹɫζסǰ
˻δ˵ҶУҶᳯһܣȵվס
йâһͻɢɵѹӢɲǼֻʣ¹ͺͺĽ۹ͫʵĽ㼯ǰҶؿڣ˵ӦҸ磡
߼ҶĮסֺһιҩʱ˸磡
¥߳ڶӰȴǰѩѩӡޱߵ¡
Ҷһۣ˵⣬ӡ
Ϊʲôߵ龧Өؿ˿ҶƬ˫ӡǵϽģ޹˼ůһƟ@գ¶ıۡ
ҼһֻıһҲСİŪˣȴ㱻ƤëҶһδ£Įֵ˵
仰˶оǿλˡ
Ƶ£΢΢ͷԸҶˮλƽسĬѹֵĹԼõʱڼҵرˣΪʲôʲôáֵ㴦άҲҪ
ɴ¹Ҷ˫ͫϣҫĹɡĿע֮£ȻıаѩǱĮȻſĬΣͫᶨƵĹâ
ߣ֪ʲôǸ𣿡
һ䣬һζԱŮ˿嵭Įѩ٣Ϊһ
յʱ仰һ̣͵סģһֱڻڶߵʡ
÷У£ʲôľһε꣬ڳƣͬǧߣӢ˹ʲô˼ɵ˫ɣеͬḷ́Σ
һҶȴҲû¶ʲôǴ׿˿ߣĮ˵ԭһ֪
ڽصҹУ˵Ӱׯ
ׯ˵ĳԼĨŵļӰǣɫǹ⣬Ҷǰһ񣺡л硣
Ҷÿɷ񣬲㲻л
Ӧ߳ʱɫЩ˸üҶһۣǳһ
ҶתӦУͻȻ˵ٰ㲻ϧһдۻȡĳһ
Ӧľʾ֮⣬˿ҶĮһ̧ѯʣպܷһһ˵
ӽ˼ٶ֪ȥʲôֻǹغǳһ
ӦоһκҶƫ˽̻¶ζ
ҶĮĻɫŨϤԵӦȻ֪һҶＫΪҪһĮҲɵһڵʷѡ
Ӧ΢΢һЦȻȻߵѩϸǰֱ𽻴˼ѩһת뿪壬˺ڰ߿ҶӰһۣסû׷ʡ
Ӧǰ΢ЦСЩӵؿһӦеЦݣǵҡͷҵõӦͻׯ𸴺ĬĬף嵭ȥ߽ɫ޷İӰʱػ׿һۡ
ʢ
ҶĿϣȶ׷ȥ
ҹгֵӰ
ʺĳ㻺ɫͬѩǰ㣬ߵ֮У˲¹֡ҶһۣĮעŸ
̧ͷ˿ǰʣµˣ۹תҶʱ΢΢һ٣վ󼸲˫ɡ
˫ɱ֣СػŰŮƵǾѻг˯֮ˡҶĿ估ϼãһЦָֻ˼˫ɵ
˫˫ֱռδܣֻЩؿų㡣
˵ǵһνݣĪǴ˵еġƤЦеʡ
˫ûκηӳҶѾ΢̧һһƼָƿնȥĶѸ磬Ʈһ£Ѿظԭ
ǵָԲˬġһ㾪衱ʮɹֱ˳֣׼ݡ
˫ɵͺһСġسƣ߳һ̳СӨͫתҶϣЦ˵úݵ!Ҷӣǵԩշϸ㣬۹»ûġ
Ҷ˾˫һۣɱضס㡣
ĿѴЩɵҶ˵ӣĬ˫һ·Ц绨ޱ
ղˮӦϸһ̽ĿѨλв߾ͺ˵˽ҩⶾĻֻκιڻԡӦеתУ֪Ҷ׿ԹƾԮغһ
߹壬ȥӭɢ꣬һϳˣҧҧ촽
˫ɽʱ˵ǰ޴󰭲תߵǰȴ񣺡л
㱾Ǿ棬תʲôһƲĿ
˫ֱӳ㣬Ͽ˵л
Ӧһֱվǽǣؿǣ˫ɵ󣬳ɵغʣһ
˫ѾתĮؿ
ɫһۣվм䣬Ӧ˵ȻرܣﻹЩ˽Ҫ
Ӧ˫ֲźۼ󣬶˫һۣת뿪
һ֧ͷԵӦУ˵Ķӣžžطһ㻹ٳǰģһЦҲã˾һ㣡
˫ɼȵӣЦһ΢żó㷢йŭһ
ۼ˫ɱסһԣŭͬӵ̣ת˼Ȧ븹Сңߺʲô飿
˫Լ˵һһЩ£֪չľֹ꣬̾˿ԭҲ֪¶ȥ
˫ɳĬʼǷĳ㣬޷˵κȰοĻ
̾Ƭ̣ˬһЦҲΣ㡣˶߰ɣҳȥ֪ôˡ

¡ˣƽֵ续
ߣӦ˫أҹһƬң˼ƮԶõĵطЩ˴ʱεأҪЩʲô
Ҷεľֹζӳ£ۼյĻرܡװӶ޷İ֣˫סңڤ˼롣
۹ͬˮתһһĻơ
Ҷ⿴ס򶨵࣬Ҳߴ٣Į
ͬˮ£Ƭ֮ɢȥԽԽҹɫֻʣӰɵıһ콥ת¶ɫаƲʣŨī˴ĿĻ
˫ɻ˿Ҷʪʹݸ͸԰ףĨ򣬿Եÿ飬ʯתơɫ˳Ľë¹䣬ͶƬӰ
˫ɼӹƣ˫ۣһ̾һתҶ˰ݡ
Ҷδü˵ʲô
˫ɾĬһᣬִᶨ˵ӳλȨأ³ɰҵ֮ˡ
ס!ȸϵҶ֪ܲ˵ʲôƳһ䡱һʯͬȥݺԺһɭȻ۵Ĺڽԡ
˵һ֣ŲѪϴ⣬㿴ʲôİߣҶ۹ضס˫ɴһ
˫ĵƤһͻֹ˵ϢŭԳУŵ̷꣬պԵЦ
ԭľͷҲ֪˶ΡҶס۾һЦ˫ɣûңƫԸңǻÿⲻ⡣
˫̾Ϣһסû
Ҷ֣¶԰޳ֱָĳƽչ
˫ɿֻƣͻȻЩ˾ٺ⡪׽̹һ仰ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϡ
ƣˮڼžĽϣҶû˫ѣȻ֣޷γȵ˫һѡ
˫ǵţһֱڴʱκµǺ顣
߳Ƿ߹ȥǷ޻ڣ


24.

֪ù飬ٰ϶ơ
ĺÿȥҲ죬һϦѩϺ˿Ĵ졣ںͷݳʱӵ㼣߱Ҷ֮ǵǳ̣ǧ죬һشصطź
߻תƻ˫ɶǰĳ̲ݣֻǰ˵ˣǲɫңȴޣǷ£Խܣϵ֣һжԵò
־̫ůůϣ˲ӫӫΡסһ۲ݣ۾ûκβһգգ˫űߵСϣżתĿ⿴ɫϾʱһֱĬĬ˼
У㻹ǲԸѹ𣿡˫ͳһƣӹµµתϲĶҲԸѧô
ֵͫû˿ı䣬ϲǵؿŲݴԡ
˫̾վǰ׿һָȥݿҳĵطʮʹڴѩɽļİѩϵ׺ź㣬ĵ˼ɾ
˫ϸϸһѾõĹʾӣ۵֮ĮȻ޷Ӧ̾Ϣ˵ϧҲزȥˡȥ̽̽ҩ
԰װȻţҰɫ³ѿгС૵ķƹŵĴɫһѩȾӰ
ҶǰķãĮ˵˫ߣԸɵҡ

˫ɴ۵ĻȣһŨζ˱Ƕͣס˴æĽŲġڵѵصķɸǶڹģǰ޾ǰƬƬ̺Ļ
໨Ʒƺᡣ,ʮ֦֦
˫ЩյҶΪܴ򻨴ѰǶ亣ģ뵺˻ľ֣СĿȾѬգаô̳ʵס
˫Сرܿϻߵǰţʦ
ɣ⺢Ӳ֪ϧҵĻﴫһºˬ
˫΢ЦŽݣҲǷƺЩҶ򡡪һԲԲĺͮͮӣһշ˫ɿ˿֪Ϊ绨üɫˣΪ´峿ҲںȾƣҺƺ˲٣϶żɻС̳
ʦ˫ɤɫغһ㡭
Ⱦơһӣն˵֪ʲôȺȾƣҺȸʲôҶ㡣
˫͵һͻ̿ˮľګ˵ʤãڰʦǰ
δţֵһյƣɫ磬һǳĻôϹأ⼸յƣ˵
˫ɿ˰һۣҧҧ˵ãԽˡ밲ʦյơ
ˬ죬Ǽ˶ˬ죡Це˵ţȻּһյư˫ǰ˫ɲҺ棬ٶʱ˭ˬ죬Ҫһյ
˫ɵʹüĿһյƣһǻƣֻƬֱ̣ţ˫Щҡ˫ɽס֫ߵ˱ƽȿڣΪλδѣ
һֱ˫ϸϸ鿴ǰ֮ɫɰ𪣬˫ͫŽɵػصĲҩҽֳյıʹ֮УȻѡ޴󰭣ֻС
˫ֻյأϴ˼ĿǲһƬͫʷɽȪֱӰ򡣬˿˵ڶơ
ɢʲô
һЦԭҲΪ˹Ӷ̧˿˫ƽɫֹЦ˵ѿѩɫһֿʹǵĲݣɢáÿʱ絶ʣһ֮ȴǳԻɢ
ѩɫݣ©й ԭġ˫־ɢʲôǵá
򡿴˫ɵͫʻЦȻˣʩԴߣӶǵˡδ䣬˫һӣ䳺˫
һֵӼվ̽˫Ŀżôô£ôô¡ղ۾ôôֻδ˫ɵ壬ͻȻˡ
ΪһŨŨɱʤ𡣼ʹľͷҲܸоѩƱϢֻһͬʮǰǸҹǧİ޻Ȼ󶪵˳ŵ¡
һε亹Բӻ£ס̧ͷҲȥһ˫տɭɭͫʡ
ӡ죬沿Щ鴤
Ҷ䶢Ӱһֻۣ̽Ӳڿס
㵱ǳ㣿ŪҶ§˫ɣλԼҶһ࣬ô˷
򡲻ҿҶ۾˫ĿСտزзâϹӿƥĮвǷǲˡʱ¶ʱƹž̶˿١
ֻһ˲¹ӵ۹⣬Ҳֻù˳ƣ˱ԼˣҴ˿ڹӻ
򡺹£л̿Ѱֱڲƣ֮¡
ҶؿŰ򡾽Ӱбڣ򡣬㻹ǵñаׯô
򡲻ҶֻǷصǵáɽׯ߲ɱΪūŮӲɱΪ潡мӵԸΪȮЧ͡
ҶһֱŰѻ˵꣬ſ˵˫ڱԺţ뿪޷ڻصҵߣ˵ʲôݣ
ͻȻڶ¥ǰǿʯʯڲԴľУϹݺؿż֡аɽׯѵԴɽׯߣׯɱΪūŮвɱ֮Ϊٷˡ
򡾪̧ͷ۹ͣǡٷˡһ䣬ʲôεסΣ·ϡ
Ҷӵ֪ͺã㻹ʲô˵𣿡
Ǵͷ˼תԲԲһӣǲֻҪ˵һùӰĵɣӾͲ׷ҵĹ
Ҷͷ˫һۣ˺ƽ޺ƽؿڣ֣ңң֦ͷƽӣѤһУֻĽ俪ʼӣһһصķ
򡿴˿ӵɫ󵨵˵һ䣺令ƽնԹӼΪԶ˿ȴ޼ڹӻУ򡶷ѹһ䣬ٺһ׮ô
˵֮󣬰̲סڨЦ̧ͷӱĿ⣬
˽ⰲ˿϶ᱻⷬԻ󣬵ҶС޷ȴ˽ȾƲ̰ɫϰԣҲ϶ʮꡣ˵ٺָ˫׽Լȷƽ¡
Ҷٴεͷ˿˫ɣת˪ȥ
ٻܺӢ컨ͥԺ¥Уȣһ·ϴɫֱۡҶڵصʹӰȻǰУ¸񲻿ӣ̩ȻԼ¥
Ѭ죬ɴ磬Ļеװβ䣬ɫȻڴ˫ɣҶ;Լȱһǡ
СĵؽƽĴϣˮ˿ںĽǣͷĬĬؿ
ƽûκε˼伲ࣻڸǹâ۾˼ůɣ̵˫³ȫǺݺҶĿתؿݣϸ̰
֮ΧѾա
ȫˮȵ

˫ɿֻƣ¹±·һǳͬɫԽԽŨԽӽʾԽ
¸ҵӭ˫ĿҶ߼Զͣפ˵֮ūԸڹ߷ꡣ
ҶɫȻתף͸ͬһˮ˰ſ˵˵ʲôûһ˿һԳơū澡ҶȻܽЩʲô˵Щʲôﱯʹ֣϶Ʋסزø˫ɣø̵˫ɣ
ԭԣһӪ伮£εпܿǸģԭġԳū澣͵ԸׯΪūԼٷ˵ΡǲԸһҶߡ
ҶǵԼǴһ·ų߻Ҷ˫ʼϢظ߼ԶһպҶסķŭӶؾǰ˵һ仰࿴һۣǰĳһԴǰ㡣
޺˫ɴʱǰڳȫϢĵɴϡ
˫Ű˯ݳ꣬ɫ͵ӡҶĬĬããվвԼģһչ۽ס
᲻뿪㣬Ƭ̶СҶº͵촽յ˫ϣ۾ҵӰӣҵֻü㡣˫۾ӡ̫ˣΪ˫ڰ׷ͫʣʱ̶ˮ壬ʱڡ
Ҷ§˫ɵϡ䱦һǰ԰ѩӣ΢ůƽϣҡţҡţԶƳ
˫ɣ˵ļ˫ϲΪ˱˹עһҴӽ¶һģΪȫõ㣬ԸһΡ


25.

ɣаҶģȼӣ׽
ѩ׵ֽ߷д⼸֣ʷӲ˱֮вɽ־¶Ĵ󽫷ȡīһ࣬һβɼд֮ƽյĺ̡ķӡ֤˹ˡ
ҶڹŰǰ̧ͷ¼Զ˫ɣ˵
˫ϸ˿Ҷɫһűѩ˫ͫڣڲջ˸Ĺâ۾¶ˮһ̧Ŀʱǵγ¶׹ž̶ҡγĪ
˫ɵͷΪ
Ҷÿ賿ĮشԴź򣬾ȥֳΪ˰֮ǳҶĴҶӰеεŽ˫ɾͷҶ¶ʮֹʱܿʹ˽ֱЦ
ҶΪ䵭Щ㷲˫ɿʹ󷽵ԣΪԼĹӣĿܷŭȷ̿
Ѻֱ֣ӴҶ޾ӴϹ¡ҶĿֻþһЦҶΣſһ䣺Ҳһ˯Ů¡
˫̧ͷ͵͵£ҶУ˳ȾȻ˫Լϣ͸Щ䵭˹ȥߵͣפ
Ҷת۾վ֣¶ǰλá
˫ƤһͻԥֻҶ䵭ߴһﰵ㲻ȥô±ʡɲҷۼҶȹɽ⣬̾Ϣһ˹ȥ
˫ԽӲҶؿڣסץס䡣Ҷα߳磬βڷǶǰʱǵһЦ
˫ַһۣīǲκһ֮ʣԾͻȻӪ¥ҷˡ󡱹ȻҶ֮֡
ϵôҶ䵭ʣأźۼػӵ
˵ЦˣⲻʫС֮𣿡˫ɷƲԸƱ⸸׵ѧʶѿڶӦһ䡣
˫ҶЦʢ侲Ҳʶְܷ˵˵仰ĺ壿
˫ü伸ɼ΢һ£뿪˵ӣ㵽Ҫʲô
ҵļ㲻˵Ҳɣ±дǰ֮ѺһνȦǰ˶εĵҸ˫ɡ
˫ɼҵػԼ׷޵ҧгݣػԸģ֮ǰһ£³ۣдֿ֮²빫ӷۡ
ҶΪ֮Į³֣Ҷ³һֱıӰ̲ס˵ʲôûƹںһ֣д˾ͷߡ
˫һ죬ҧҧץǺ䵭˵ͼá
ҶƬ̣ƿӡ
˫ɴֽ϶֮һ˼תѣҶ֪ʲô⣬ξȻһ׹ʫϷŪңŮдôķûἰҵ֣ƺҲϴˡ
ʫƣ֣ȡƣɣаҶģȼӣ׽ʫ䣬Ůׯö崿ĵУҪǣѭٸ̣֮˴ݵɣ֮ɫҶӣŮӶԷɫףԵ¹̵塣
Ҷ粻ҲƣӴǡ˫ɷдһС׭±˵ԱߣޱʵʲôԸ𣬹ӣ
Ϲ̫ѧǹѧ

״ʵһʲô
ˡ
Ҷ䵭ЦһĲ֮֮ӦңһҪǵ仰
˫̧ͷؿҶĵãüīڹӾµ֮Уµˣ賯գȫ¾ͳƶƵĹʡ
ҶͷִɰʼֻǺе˵ȥɣϸ˫㼣ֽΣǰд֣˫ɡּ˫ǰдֺ

ǵزң¹ӵӣɵþӣīմˡ
Ҷֱֳʣͷ鰸ϵֽī֭ɽʢīȾѩ׵°ڣǻȻأע
ӵôͻȻʵ
ҡҡͷܹܾǰݶպܵܹһҼӡ
շԸѰأ
عӣݴѶйٱһһҹϸ飬ɿڲδլ
Ҷ̧ͷ˫ͫ⣺ˣ׼Ǿӣἰɣô꾡ƾ죿
޷ֻ΢㶵ؿŹӡ
˫ȥ

Ҷ΢΢һӿһ˿Ļƣվˣô۵ĳӡ
¶⣬Ҷ䵭Ƴһۣ㽫īպá
ȥмлӡз£ȴŹӶᡣ
ҶһֱĮǰУִ䵭һ

̲,ֻԴͦε,ͬйʿ,,ȴˮŮĿȥ,ͦӷƿŵʿŨӰУеïشҶ,価,š
˫ֳһϸ纣ôƬɫΪһ塣
ҶɿվĬĬãûڻһ˫ɣʲô
˫ͻϤ΢΢һ󼫿ת񣺡ӡ
Ҷңң˫͵͵̽һۣЩ˽ԣֻÿڻش𣺡̹ӡ
ŶѵãʲôѯңҵҪϴ
˫䵭ĻƬ̵ĳǹڳӡ
Ҷضһۣ˫ɶ˶ٸֹ˵żųӵֻ֮һϴ֮
ҶͻȻؿ˵
˫죬һᣬЩȥƵ˵빫ӾȾ֡
ֻҪпϣҶӦֱ˵˵Ĩǲ
˫ϸϸ˻ᣬǲһʦ˵農ĵϢͻһͷΪˣܷ档
˭ԣСҶصû˿ԥȽŲ㣬һ㽫ǲͻݣ˿·ϡ
˫΢΢ݣлӿȫŹӦʳҩ󣬲֪Ƿд£
ǡ
˫һ𣬰Ҷ˿ģܲ²ʱ뷨ʵкιϵ
Ҷ˫ɫȻ˺죬ŵͷ˵пգϣһʱ֮û
ҶˣֻЦϲδܾ֣֡Ϊһ顣
˫ﾪ㵣ͬҶǵҶԳеϰԣȻҪἰ飬ĬȻ˼ú󣬲֪̾ʲôˡģܶ㲻ˡӣɡ
Ҷһסʵ֪Ҫʲô
ǰἰҪ׷һֱǡ
ҶȻ˹ȥվ˫ǰʲô麦֪
˫̾Ϣôˡֻ˵ӣ롣
Ҷⷬģһ󣬲ѣͤȣվǰ˵徲
žȷһʤأֻŻˮ˵¶죬֮ö
˫ɣҪ֪һ飬һֱеľ
˫ɳĬҶ˼Уѿڶѵһл̹
˫ɻ۾絭īƺ͸ණжҡͳɡ˼Ҹ漰ӵǷܽܡ
˼ҸӣҶԾˡ
˫ĿӲԴɫһƬȻ¶С
꣬Խꡭӡ
Ҷֻһ䣬͵һӲ˶δϵĥøγϵŮӾȻǳˣǰĺݻҲδֶ㵣򶨲
ģïҶˮӳ׵峿һǣһһӰҶĬ˷һļֻأ£һ˫īͫʶ˫͵۾ôãҵһθлϲԡ
˫ɴĬȻ
ҶϿշĵ΢Цֻظһ˫ɣһӣָ⡣̲ס˳ͷ˵Ǻˣ˭ֻ϶һ㣬Ǵӱа뿪
ҶͣϣȴɷססԼ˼۳Ĭ˺ת½ȥǵҶ˵Ļ
ˮģҶOO@@Ӧͣ˫ɴã̧ܣ̣󣬸һΡվ˶ߵǰϸһ淢ĺۼ
ã߽ΪʲôƷѵֽĳ뻯ѱܣ


26.⣩£һ

ÿ˵ĳɳܶ˺ͺܶ£ͬһֱ͵͵Ϊĸ֣һһ׵ôμֶܹԴÿһ췢顣
ҵļ꿪ʼӰһˣһλǸףһλʦ

˫ɡһº͵ĻƽصͶʧϡ
ҷ»ֽѹתעˡ
ҵһοʦ䵭˪վڸԡ°׶аȹüͣĿᵤվװعլ֮÷֮ա
ģҿѩŮĿбü䵭һ䡣
ů紺Цˡӡи׼ЦںڵīؿңϵȴɶҵĹ̡ܽСǰҪһһһʱΪӢ⺢ӡ
׵Ļˣ˵һ¡
յ״Ԫ䲼ͣʢΪ֮ʱӭȢǧ𣬵ӣһңһǺɱĵܵܡһʱңսΪ˱е׵ܣɽɿҵ֣ұҹɫɡ
Ҵ֮ʱ£ÿαɽּ䣬ܾƮƮޱѸ٣ǳʳɽĸԵʣ˫볣ͬ
ʦĿͣפҶѵϣһתƵġС׭ϡǣ޾塭д̵С׭ĥӰɣ
Ӣ۹⻹Ϭ׵ȻһЦתӴĿңϧҵ˫ʱδֻ꣬ǸǺͷɢ壬㲢˺ҧ׺ݡԻԣǱһͷʧߣǶ̻ꡣ㿴Ұѱ۾񶼲Ҫ˿
ף˲ٿɣ䵭վڹľլĬĬ룺ÿҹҷʱ˺ҧһܽӴĶѪ졣Ǳҡκ˫ɣ˫ɡֱȫƽΪֹ˵ΪѱҵıϰԣصعǧĹʾӡ
ߣǽڻլںˮУүķ羰ʤءÿշԸѧϰǣоһҪڷ֮УҸԷÿһ˿ϢҶӡˮƮɽ۵СڻĴų
ʦҰֵ˵վһӣδ̧£䲼ͣ˲Ѫ̵ˡ
ȳˣšҴǹٻصⷽׯ԰Ȼɽˮұ飬ˮɽףǧصе÷Ұиˣĳһݡ
ʦüܣ״Ԫ񡭡⺢űֽɣֹͿóʱնǲжˣӹ˽˵ɡ

ëѩ˻ҹգƬƬҵҾֵ÷һ˿׽λУֻüӰѩ˿Ȼɽ֮硣 
ʲô³ΪѺӡ򶨵˵
ˮĺ˲ӿϣΪ߳һ״Ԫʹ˿㽻ԿףǵĴҲˡ
һӣĵѩ
͸Ʈķ˿ҿһɫӰżаһӣ˳ϵĵյ֮⣬ҿޱͦ㡣
Ӵⲻǽ÷ҴСʧʧ˵˵İ׮ôˣԭǴСֱʡ
ʦѩͻȻ˵ĸأҡ
Ȼֹ
ʲô֪ˡӷѩУһĮӰ治ָɻȥ
һӣ촽ڷòˣʤ˰ɨһҵĸףȻվڰѩ̾͵ʯԣؿʦһȥע1ֻҪ㲻ٲ䲼͵飬ҪʲôҶӦ㡣
ʦ䵭ЦһΪĸʦΣӦշָһ
ֱʦҲ֪ĸǼʦģҲһķʽʦע⣬ְٰȢʦȻȵס

ѩϯ£ƬƬڳֵϡ
ûϥĴѩУһһһһӽҵĿꡪ¥һ˼ҵܡССצϾһۼֺܿûڷѩС
һ£Ҫʧȥ֪һůͺñҼǰǳϪˮůڡѩ̤ĽŲһССܹµĶ񸲸ϡ
ֻܾǼС
ˬʵЦصͷôС
Ҹᣬ̧ͷΪڴﵽҵĿĵ֮ǰҪԼÿһ˿
Ϊ죬һߵ͵Цһ߱ҵӣؽҰڵ¡ѴȥңҵĶû˻㡣
תͷȥһۣΪҪס
СС¹īڵ˫ͫҵ۾Ц紺ﶼһƬλεĺˮ˵ʲô֣
Ťҵ۾
һͳЦеĴߴ£뿪
ʱҲ֪ͬХŵȳһ񣬾պϵѾ˰ԭʳȴһĳ

ʦǰʱڼԺɨԺס
ÿվ޶ĳϵػ˶߹˺ܶطĻ켣취ܵյĶУһͿ˸̨Ϊ׬ȡһֱѧЩļ
ԲĹĵĴһһᳵ·رܿƣ͵۾ѧèͷӥеĸ硭ǳ£ѧ˴
¥ҪСˣҪǺȥɣǷ¶޵Ĺֲסĵ˿ڡ
ẓ́˼ЬףǵطϾɾ⺢ϸƤģǺ˼ܳĹ
ںڰĬĬؾ˹Ȼת뿪ůҵĵط
¥ʵ¥
绨졢˹ꡢȡӧֻҪĳĴҵõӰӡÿ쿴¥ЦݽӲÿ쿴ίߵֱһʦǰ
ʦ߽Ժʱյ̫ͶһģĹΡɨһܣΧĻԺǱ㲻ҷһ˿
ȥﶼԣﲻСҵ۾˵ﲻӦĵط㻹ȥɡ
ûʶҲ˽ʱ˵һİˣӦ˸׵и
㸸ˣǰҸһ仰۷ʲô£һҪȥ䵭ر֣ӽӡҸһѡţԺҵͽܣţǼֻ
ܽؼ£ʦ򶨵վȴһ꺢ӵĻش𡣱ʱҲ֪ʦΪңʦĸͬƼڵ״ԪϯѣΪ˶Ը׵ĳŵҲ֪ʦΪ˿ңһֱβ󣬿Ƿܳеʹۣһߡ

ҰʦʱǴѩ׷׵ļڡ¡ѩţѩȴʦӰΪҵĳٻû̳ǵţʦȻӦΪͽ
Ϸ羰续ҼҸҽҩңΪʲôڼɣƫƫվڴѩӸ˵ʦ䵭˹üб
˫ϥ򵹣ݷѩУ޷
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ҵһΪŮӵϬ
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ѩҶú䣬ΪҼʦĮ˺ҡҺ±˵Ŀ³Դڼèͷӥ¥ο͡
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ʱţתʮֽ棬ҳʮ꣬ǴӦʦɽ͡
ʮĿ﷦ζÿҴʱܿʦ䵭Ŀ⣬뵽Ϊ׼ҧҧͦ˹ʦҼݴ˵似ǿ⼸ݴдȥ¹⣬һñֱˮƫƫ亮ˮĹâյ۾ҽԱҩӲ´ס

׸ҽһ£˵ǡ֮ڤߣҲǲľıһĴ󺣣Ǿء
ѩ嵹ӳɼӵˮƾ续ҵﶥʱ׳۾ҵһ𺳾þվɽ۴ףףǺ
ûܻشңȻ¡
ʦȥݷָ£ЦһһŮʲô
ҧ촽˵ҪҶأ
ҪѧʲôͬͯӢѾͷֻȹһΣѹ׵ּ㡣
ҹڵأظͷβſΪͽѧΪڳףųˡ
ãŵһҲţȷʮ겻ƵԩҲΪ㣬ֻҪɹڤᴩĮҾҵĶ
Ĳݳ޷һιģҴ˺̵ĴֻС
ϵ˵ʲôһҲֻηڳĬĻ
Сյ׶ǹ⡣ӯӯһЦ磬ҴͰˮúˮƤԡ
ĬĬؿĻЦݣֻĽѣ˿ʵŮӣǲǲ֪ʲôǳ
СɹʶҵĵһȻ˳µߣչˮң̻ҺĻȸӯ߷ȥʱȻžԵľֻ׵ΧʱԵü
ǵڶ޹Һõˡ


27.⣩£

İ̯󣬶䱥ƻ٣ΪҸС񣬶ںƯ
磬϶Ūˣڤֻǹмأе顣С۾ҡ
ƽһЦǣСӦʵһҪȥԡ
СΦػ֣ƽľϣ˫ֿգޱ
񷲻տɫɫҵһηϼصĲͬˮбóĹʣɽƵİƴƬԶԶʧԶ档
Ҹо˹¶
Ҳ棬Ϊ²Ҵ˿ǶôµؿںˮӳĲʺ磬ϷȻһ˿̡
ףҪ뾰µԭҪҸоҵС͹µ
Įʱû뵽Լʲôǣ
ƬƽҰĮɳޱߡɳһ,ǻãʲôҲҰƣӣ͵ҪѹͷϡȻǰУɳȼ˻
ܵͷܷƬɳĮ˳ȥôҲС
ĮϲԴҼޣһ
ûƭңᴩ˲֪Ĵ󺣺ͻĮ󣬾Ȼɽˮѩسǰѩ棬ףף˵ĺ
ҵأӮ˶ԼҸԼһ档

ټХһξİŵĲԣҵļƻҿеĿĸס
ҺϤΪҵʮꡣʮ֮ǰһССĹӶ˵ȥʱҾͼЦ
ڻ谵ߣһγִȫʤ
ɱҹĳ洦ɼװ밵꣬ż򾪻ŲѣȻ·ߡ
ݡһЦ۾ϳҵѪУÿҹʱҾѡ
ҳ¹⡣
ֲλͬȺ󣬲ؽһڶХӿʱƶضŲ˽ۡ磬Ϊ˱ѽɣ
ްŻﾫ֣ϳô
֮£һѪ۲ֻһ¹⡣
һǽͬײˡХǵĿ꣬λͬʱ轫޿ޡ˫ɲڰǣΪҳ𱼲µĬ̵ͬһӰ
ҵʱǽǱߣǰϢش̽շǻûµΪʳ˾綾ˮȻ׳ơȡй¶֮⡣Ĳҵ¹⣬ϵĺ
ʱ룬ûǸЦˣҵǲǿԸдһΣ
ҳĬ߻ؿջƿţһ˫ϸݹЦһС˫ɣ洫Σ
˳һŴĪ⣬ʱ㿴ëȻʱֶЦ
ЩΪʲôҪɱ㣿ƶ׷ʡһֱܶ⡣
ݡС˫ɲ紦ˡƮҰװ׵Ҫҵաһ㣬ڵҲô׵رŪˡ
ץסƣһšˡèͷӥٲ˵Ҿ㡣
èͷӥһƺߣ̧дֻƲΪȻزʹľֹĿɿڴǰȥĬĬΪҽΡ
èͷӥҰΣҾ۾ΪҽοƲٺ󣬲תһҴδĿ˫ɣҺһǵس԰ĺˡ
ɫ԰׵èͷӥҽеȥԺһƬ磬ȴƵԼľסˣԭϲֻһڱſѣԭÿԿʱؼǿԼľΣʹѹʴҵһҲԳɾʹ¡
èͷӥ񱻴ݲеòвŮ״дҲԴҵһɨʹҸлèͷӥĹһķʽҴѧ̲Եĵ

Һèͷӥסһ𣬻չ˻Ϊ档
ĺ°ǾùֱֲһҼ˿ʱⶨһԣèͷӥ似Ṧڵһӯһ¡
ټ˵˳£û뵽Х
ͨ󣬷ڴһˬµ˿ںﱻŪĻ̻̣ĴľĿʴ󷽽ҵĽŲһ
ҵʹüĿ˽ȥ
乫ӣĸͰйӵҽˡХһۣ΢ЦҡǹŴڣһƽϣȷܳ
ݱ֮ˣƹӡæס½󰲾˴
Ƭ֮˫ֲͣڴǰȴӣܷ֮򿪣ȡһ룿
Ǹ磬Ҫϳңѭ˼ƶϣټʱԮ֮ˣԵ±Ƕ׽֮⣬ôٽӽĸ׾ͼס
Хܿȡ룬΢΢һЦȴ˵Щʲô
ҼԣԾģȶʩ룬ɫⶨļƲߡ

ԶɽںҹʵطŹ⡣èͷӥŲ·رӣǰҹɫ˺󣬿ҵޱȼᶨ
ɽͬвͬɫīڡŨڡǳڣкڻɫй໭ŨˣֻҸĵطȥΪèͷӥںڰռб
ͷǴ£ҹɫкѻɲҽУڳЦҵ֪Բ
ҷſèͷӥ֣΢΢һЦèͷӥ޷ֿҲһ𡣡
˫ɡ̾Ϣһ¶Ψһһ΢Цֻʱûжչ㣬Ū㡣
תͷ˺ݵ¹⣬һˮӳҵ۾
˭ңɨ׷ˣĿͳһȡ
㡣Х󻺻ǰעҵɱڵҲ֪ҵ۾˱ӵ׺ݺǵǶôӳġ
ǰ΢΢һЦ֪ΪΣЦ΢ͻĹԵޱĿ򿴵÷˫乫ӡǲΪ㣬ֻǷôܵèͷӥһ
Įضס֣˼ʹţëûľС
磡ڳҹɫ˳һӰȴŷϢرסң޺磡ҪΪУҪҰ޵۾
ջĿһḧ˸С㷢˵С񣬲Ҫ£Ӧ㡣
һ٣͵ƿСӣȷѣ¹˪ХҳõĶԵвԣ䲻⹥䲻
Хһֱܣδ侪죬Ѫһ統꣬һ˵ĹơȻҲС֡
Сһѱĵʤ⣬Ϊӿһšһͷ˿дƿˮ㽣󣬴һȣס֣
¹ڰ˵ҽִֻ纣ϯȫ
èͷӥڵκһøɾλñǣһһһ˫۾ӹĿɭɭ˵һʮˣһ١
Хɫһ˵乫ӣңת
߰ɣ硣ˣȴڻһèͷӥ
ҵ㣬ҵֵܣҵèͷӥĬǰ˫ֻһǣų±ֱб
˫ɣΪʲôںֱطεķУһ˺ѷε֣

˫ɣвĺһĴͤ
ҷеĲҩһԥתī˫ͫ˲䲻գҵ۾ĬĬѯʣڻ𣿡
˹ƺͫӿ𣺡þˣ˫ɡ
ŴĮؿӣҲǵǰˣǲҳĹˣ
˫ɣǱӦ˭ұ̫ʳݾͣѾǰɺһɶοӲĵİ?
΢΢ݣֻǲ֪ԵɣҲӦҳĬڴ¶С
¹ߵҵĸǰɫѩһ˿Цݣ¶ųɨƶ⣺£˫ɣӦóܵĳͷ
Ϊʲô᲻ĻΪʲôûǰļٸҹһֱЦҵǳª֪Ϊʲô㷢Լ⣿
һЦ˫ϥ£סҵ˫ȣ˫ɣ͵һ·ɣʲôǵõ¿ʼߡ
ͻȻˣôһ죬һ̰ͥԺУΪ˱һλӵĶ飬˫ϥأݷڸǰлʮǰ֮Ϊһ·
ޱ𾪣죬˼òӦá


жٸʮ꣬ٸ꣬ٴǳҹٴվԭϣ¸޾ÿ췢飿
˫ɣִǾĮ͵ĺ̾ϢһͶ̵ȥкηԸ
Ҷһۣձ为ֶ㲻ҪΪȥȡһ
¿ϲɲ©ɫѵࣿ
䵭ЦһģҶᡣҵֶΣسܲ𡣡
˼ٸ׵ϰȻģľګһЦҳĬ뻨µӰ


28.

˴һƬǰǲԾҹɫϢƣº£ҶӰȴϴ
˫ɴվִǰں˱ǣҹдĵͣ͸ҹպ󻹴תβǺͳղֲٵġ顷
˫ɺѾ˿˿ƮǳǳЩ֪Ϧ⾳
ĬĬãͻȻ˵Уҵĸס˵˵Ʒǡȣ˶Ͷ͡㿴ô
ִ۾˫̾Ϣһַϣ
£֣ҶһƬžֻöĻػ
˫ųȳǰߣתܽǣӭһЩ΢µϢӹ˫һۣæ׹ܹܡ
ĿϴЩ糾֮ɫƳ˫ɣһ
ǡ
ȥ빫
˫̧ͷɫܹܣչӷԸٻ򲻼һ۽ɨһ٣ǣȥ
Ŀζס˫һһ٣Ҳ̬ˣһҪѹ˵֮ٿһۣĮǰС
мʹ̧˵Σಽظ˫ɳƬ̣תҶ÷ȥ
Ӱбˮǳ㸡»ƻ裬÷еľˣҶ÷£ѩ۱ܾɫŨ
ʲô£һϳ˽ŲĬĬµӣ䵭һ
ܹҹ̸빫¡
Ҷ˾ת¥ͤ˹˵ǰһյ״򲻶˫ɶ̲סҵҪ˵˵׷ʲô飿
÷У˫ſڣܹλˣؿڴƬãش
º޹ءҶͻȻؿڡ
˫ͣһ£ֹ˵ĿϡɼеүӺϪӡ
޹صһŲܡĮ˫βӾ㾫֪ңҲÿǷȥ
˫ɰЦ⹫ӲֹһǰἰҶһ̬ٹʳ֣ƽȴ׵Ǻԭ
˫ɬȻһЦϸϸ˿ɫ˹ȥӣڲʹӵʱ򡭡
ԭ㲻ɵӡҶһЦҲ֪˵˵Ϊ
˫ͣ¹ӳƽϣһʵɴҶת÷֣סͬʤȯ꽫˿¥֮ͤУǾоϯ
ֵ죬÷һƬž
˫̧׿˿ɫǰȶ˼
ӣҼÿڴ˾˼߶ţһرܹӡ
Ҷ䵭Цһ
˫߽һ˵ӵҶףֻǹӴ֮˾ǲͬʱԻ󡭡 
ҶĮؿ÷֣Ϊ֮
˫ҧҧӵҪ
Ҷعݿһۣ䵭˵˫ɣڴսǰϦ㲻ǨҰɣ
˫̾˿˵ЦˡĬĬ˹ȥҶϣ֣ӣ롣
ֻ·ϸָ޳ʹûܸо˫ĵļᶨеıҶ΢΢ݡƽ˫̷³ʱƮ˽¶ָοʱ˴󷽵ֱǰõļ֮⣿
Ҷ˫κκڵĻᣬԥսվ
ֻѩһ
ҶӣϸϸĦ˫ƣһʱ֮ûпڡĿ峺һ˿ʣͬѩɽµȪʡ
˫ɻعĿ۾΢΢һЦĿùΪһУʵľͷӣ˫Ҫ˵ǣ˷ǲľ飿
˫ɵЦһ統ºϸ壬ǳǳɫˮŰҶݣ˵һ䣬˱۾͵سرסΪʲôڲż㣿Ųҹ¶ˡ
˫ɲδֻ΢Ц˵˫һˣܴͨ⹫룬仰˫ȴˡʵ˿˫ǻңһڹߣЩʯͷѹͷ빫ٿʱգ˫ɶ໺ͻ͡
Ҷ˫չؽǰ촽ĺڷ֮УЩôػصĳӡŲҵӰӣĥ֪⡭
ӣ𣿡˫ƽʡ
Ҷ侲˹ɤ﷢ޣֻһ޴ߣͻڳݼ䣬Щҧһڣ˵ӦңܱƳﻰǲס

ɴ¹ӳҶŸ©˸߰ͬӰ
ſڣ䵭ؿǰЩֵ̿ˣ˵ֵʱӹƶ㻺
ڨЦһܹӢ
²Ȼɡͻͳһֽᣬ̯˵ӶȢһ֮ģѵ»ڣ
Ҷģȼӡϸ˼֣ڨЦһ£ʶֲ࣬󶮵˼
㲻ҪֻҪúûشҼС
ܹ롣
ųһҹ㣿
ǡ
Ϊ£
ֲ̽ɢ
վ忪վ˵֪ӼպսΪμȴ壬Ϊȥ̽ɢ
һֱͥ²򡲻ǲ
ɢͣͻֿʵ׺һ䣺Ҷݰɣ
Щ΢΢Ծܹܡ
Ӳɫᣬ˵ɫζӸҪ̽ѰݼΪѣֻƾûп֮̽ǷмľЩҶҽ϶мأŪûôס
̧ɫ˼Ƭ̺ᶨ˵۹ӺͳһǺξģս֮Ƕ˱Ӧһ飡
Ͱ˫˫̧ͷ֮ˡĿ羮ˮףɫȻ˵һϯ
ͥ¶˿ܹܵ۾ñǣǺƽصĹӺ޲ܹܵĺĿ£صصͷӦʡ

ˮĬųŴءȴŹӣκ󻨾ϲϢһӰ
ҶתŸ侫µûκα顣䵭һɨڰ΢΢һ١
ǱѩĿһͷ
ˣͷ³һ֡
˫ɳĬǰһС
۹һͻĮضԼݺת𴦡
˫վŲ࣬ȴҶǰһԽڻܹǰ˿Խ֮û뵽Ҷ֮˺Įض˵
˫ɿ˿ǰҲҶ䵭رܿѪ
˫ˮƽش˿ڡҶһضӡתӼˣЩȻӴ˾ٵĿġΪάһ
֮䣬ӿһȿڣӣҪ档
˵
ȡ·ɽׯһ¡
үֶϪǰׯ̣ݼţ뿪յʱ䣬ʱؿûһ˿˺ۣ˵һģһ
˫ɨΪֹѾҶĿǡˮܷ𡢰򡡢ʯϪ˾ǰٻе˻Ϧ˫롣ЩԾǣүʹ󵶣ǵ˽ȷǰһĺϪôܲһ±˰㣿
Ҷ׿һۣ˵ɱ˵Щ֡
Ҷѣϸϸ鿴ʬס
ʯͺϪؿѪģ©β࣬ϷɢЩϸС캮ǡ˫һָЩ״˺ۡ
ҶĿ估ıӰϣü˵úܡ
˫ɳĬվ𣬲һҶ
ܹҴˣӦȥ֮׵ǡҶĮؿӡ
ֱ֣ګګ˵عӣԴȥ𣬾ʧȥӰ¼˶¡
ҶͻȻͷס˫ɣ˵һ䣺˫ɣú
Ըͻأ㵣˫ɫ˰ף˼ת˼Ǻ͹¶ͬʱʧҶѾ֪ܣڹֶδἰ¡
ȻҶתߵ˫ǰվɽ¾ǹ¶
˫̧ͷƽ˵ǡ
ֻһ˲䣬˼ҶɫѩףԴ򢣬Ʊֳ˫һơǿҵƷ˫ɣվŶҲδ
䡱һȫΪ촷ۣҶҲꡣ֮ʱɭɭʣ㻻ҩ
˫룬Ȼ˵һǺС
Ҷ򱡴ֱһߣǵˡȻ֧ãĮضſ
ϢĮҶӳ֮£֮⡣
ɨ˫һۣ˫Ϭ籪ϤһС˫ӭӭĿ⣬ЩȻתֻۣǿ⡣
˿ڡ
˫ҧҧӲͷƤ˵ӣ׮ɱ¼üĿ
ۼҶĮӽӿ˵˵˿ھ飬طǱ£صҶǺˡ
˫üĿһ뻹ûڡ
Ҷ䳺˫ͫ𣬶ſҲ֪ЩʲôĿ˫ɣ˫̾Ϣһǰӣӡ
Ҷһƽ֮дЩȻɫֵ˵Լϥߣ֧ͷ˵㲻ʲô𣿡
˫죬˳ذվҶһֱԼϥ޷϶̧ͷˣܹ֪ʲôɡ
Ӿǰ˵롣
˫ɳһ˵λ˺۲ǵˣɢĵ״ǻҩ£˵гɱظʹҲǲ֪·תͷʵӼ𣿡
ҶɫЩ㱣ջ˫ͷĿ⣬ȴǰ֮˼ɼع˹ü⡣ûܶ϶ԭ
˫ɳɽӵѣ
Ҷ𣬵Į˵ʲôµȹһս˵
֮Լвգ״սؼһʱ֮ǳĬ
Ҷ׿˫ɻǰŵϣɵúһ˫ɣ˫ɻع񣬳˰˵ǡβȥ
˼ãͻȻתˣ˰ɣӴһΣ

ҵԤȷġ˵һ䣺籸۹²й¶˭©˷Ψ˭ʡ

ҹɫʣҶһƬ᯼ţż¶ǰҫڳҹĻС˫ųȼмͿҶڻľǰվš
ΪϹܣ˫ɾ߿ͣפ
Ҷü΢΢һ˫ֺ󸺣ڴ֮ЩЦݣͬˮ棬һֱӼУŶƽػܡ
˫ɰյذһδҶȻЦݣִʵڴʲô⣿
Ҷ԰߳Σ˫һźۼ
֪ܼ򵥣ֻҪһޡ
˫΢˿âҲƵĹ˵ǲׯء
ػľͮͮϼɴУȾ쵡Ҷ˫߽˫ɣɣڱƵֱֱʱһ¶޸һЦԭÿ͵͵ʱѵġ治ɵϣ˫ɡ


29.

¡꣬³ʱ
λڿⶫ磬ͨɫԲʣƼ䣬ڿж죬졣꾩˾֮һʤأƽﲻȴЩ
ȻӰšϡϡɢˣǽɭɭ־˫̧׼ĿԶӣɼ죬ƣһεش̿գ˾Ȼ߿֮ϣ̲ķ
˫ɶҶӰЩҶ似ǽһµ飬ԭģ񽥽תΪЩ˽⣬ȷʵЩɵҶĸԡƽϰŪЦ˿Ŀһ֮䣬ίʵЩ
ﲻԾأ˫
漫ɿİѩͻȻ˵һ䡣
˫һѩͨῪڣһǹؼҪ֮
պȹ̵ĹơӦѩҲ࣬ŽӵĺվϣĿŽһս
ʱѵһδһ˵λǵ֮ң֮ˮ׼ 
˺ȻЩ֮⣬סϢ˵ȥҶǾǸ֣Ϊֹ˫ŪֽţĿ֮£һҪʾ
սǬشΪƽλܷģѴţ
˾΢΢ͷֱ޻Ǽʶ꣬ȵƴ˴
˫˫÷Ҷ΢Σ
ǵȻصս֮ǰʤ֣Ǹһˣĳݡ
˭
ʩꡣ
ҶͻȻƽ˵лл
Ϊγл
ӣǿ佱ӳʵƺӦл
ǵȻһЦĳԮˣ֪Ʒ棬ĳ޶ȷܺá˶٣Щδؽһ䣺úϧ
Ҷ԰մЩѪɫתۿ£ƶƵĹɣ˫ɣ
˫ɰ˫΢ţƳĵӺһ⡣һԾư֮˾΢΢ɫ䣬ѩȵ˵ȻǸ֡
ɰ޳Ǹ۴У޷һز¶ûڶǿ֮ˡƲ˵ĵ⣬޷а֮ˣҲ⣬㻰ǲ֪˫ʧܹ֮¡
Ӧһһ˿

˫վ̣ڷڷз裬ֳͦˡҶһۣʴ˹ȥ齣
˫ס˫ƽչѩʣһ֮黺ʴ
ʷ׳ʡ̺ʤѪѩһӨ
ǰδʴǰչǰ˽ˣǲǶһθд
üĿˮ˫ӳв޵ý
Ҷٿֱǡ
˫˫ʴǹһ񣺡޶
ʹ黹Ҷ˫Ǹǰǿһۣһûһ˿˫ɽӹǵ΢΢һ
ǼȲʹҲʹǹһһ˫ɷ鿴¾þɣڻ岻
Ҷпܰأ˶ó顣ҶȴĮ˵޷
˫̧ͷҶӣǴԭ齣ʹ˽ĲΪȻֹƽ֮⡣
Ҷ䵭˵Ҳ֮սУΥء
ȻƶҲԭ˻Ϊƫ˽֮ӡ˫΢һϹ˵λ롣
ǱһֱĬ˼ʲô˫뿪æ̧Ҿ˵ӣ
ܷٷ˽һ˵
˫ɫһ䣬̼Ҳǡ
áҶؽؿӦ
˹ס˫΢΢ʹԼԶ֦ϡһŨڱεſյغʮɿ⣬󣬷κ˶޷˶Ի
Ƿ·Ĳ£˫ƽؿ˿ڡ
˱ѩҷ촽һ֪ĳ档
˫΢΢һЦҳһǰɶУٷ֮
˫ǲǰϸҶĺվֹϵҲδ׷ǽӿ˵ĳ󰢳һ飬˴˶ӣĳͲд񡭡
˫ż˵˵޷䲻֮ʿսǰжɡ
л
ض񣬰֮壬ǷսܣɱؽԸ
ԶӰƣһ̾ɲ˵ĳҲף켴ʹʤԹӵҲĳ뿪밢ɰĳһ£֮ĳԻرʵԿڡ
˫΢Цɣ˵ʱҲ˲
áл밢ɸĳһЩ顣

ƣ˳ȾҶǹ°еҫʡˣȻһվƼ䣬һ߹ңԶıܣǸ˵ĸоȴô¶
¶ͨǲ²˼ΪҪôܿҪô˿
֮ӳҶĿϣġϾƮƮҪٿշСĬ˼ãȴ˼ãֻ˫ųȫһ˿ɶ
ٴγǰʱ̧˫ɲǼŷĹʤʤһСĽδʣѺĽһᡢ
ǽ䣬ƽ˵Ϊ˴壬ĳǰʮвȸ֪ӣԭ½֡˵̣Сˡ
ҶһЦĮĵػӦ޷ˣͻȻһ֣ʴĮ˵˫ɣס
Ǵ󾪣Ǻ⣿
ʵ˽¶洫ƷռȻֱöʮУв֮
䣬Ҷȫ鲼ɱת֮䡣תһȣֽˣ˫һһţȰ۽ǡ
˱ϢΣϣĿһ춯صľ֮ս˭϶˾ǲԳƲɱβĿϵʧ֮ɫһ̨Ϸ˰죬䳡涼ѵ룬˭֪һֻǻĵ˶Ҫʧ
ѩ̾˿˵ҪҶӳֱ졣
˫һѿڶΪʲôýΪʲôÿ峿Ҳ
ûܻش⣬Ƭ֮˿ɵӰֱƷ
˿Σֻ⣬ǰӰҶ԰׼͵ƲڰУĳƶǳխһ˫ִ󾢱ָ£û硣ҶһֱҶȹ̵ܣţưƳᶣ˵Ʈ졣
Ʒ֮£ĿȻ˺ϵİһ۵С˼Ŵ˷龰۾Щֱ͵һתת
˫ĿԶƬ̺ɫ԰ףұ˷ӥǴ֣
˫ΪĿҶƶԾӳǴһΪ֮ʣֻǷץסԷƣڵƷһȣ֮Ĳ
Ȼ̺ʵ˫СץͱƵҶη׷ɣɢתͣҶδ˫΢ֻܺݺݵץԷۣһչ˲ǰȱ
ʮкǴһСˡֳ½֣˻ֻһ滨ĵӳҶ㼱һ£ɫֱײؿڡṦھµĵһҲδܿ
Ǿ㵶֣˫ŵľ⣺øӣáһ仰Ҳ˵쳤̾һһԼǣ
˫ѣʹʮɹһգԾƷһУҶʵҶӻ£оӣӡ
Ҷɫ԰ѩƽص˫ʳף˳Ľëͽ˫ϣǶҲδؿѪ죬ƺǰºЩơ˫ɿ˿ݣȫѨ֮Ʋ˵زҶҶ
죬֮һƬã˻ӦĺЩһһлص

Ҷδ˴ıʣȫͥԺ֮Уܹǲ
֮⣬ⲽʩȥ̫ҽҪʲô
ͥԺ֮оۼˣɫ˷ĿñļҶʹӣ㡢ׯҲѶ
˫ڻľӰϢ΢ţһֱľͷأ֪޾վšⵣǵתĿ⣬˫ǾֹƬ̺ͬһƬˮ£ҡҡڰڵվΡ
˫ͻȻתȥɨһۣȥ
Ҷд̣ڷзص졣˫һֱϸϸ鿴ϵĺۼ
һ㻹ôɵؿ˿ڡ
վ㡣˫Į˵
¾ɣΪ˫ɴĿǶ˵˿˫ɲ԰׵ɫĬĬ¡
˫ڲݵأüĿƬ̺΢˫ֻ
ͬһֻּŽɫŷŲָţ͡ϵϻצۡ
ʮк˫أ̽ɫ䣺ӣ
һֱɲؿδϵ˵һ֡顱һһƻʮնϣ
һôˣ
˫תһЦҹǸӣҵָ˵㣺Ҹղָۣ֪ÿ峿Ǵ֣
˼ֻѯʣ˫ѷŭ˵֪ƷƣҲ֪̺ʵ˼Բȴֻεãԭڣ
ϸ̣ҲЩǣӿ˵ǲǹʲôĿģ
˭֪ľӣ˫ŭѹָղŲ½Ͽлأװһӣ⽫ʴãԭһ
󾪣ôܡ
ôܣ˫Цֹ뷨Ѿãʹδϵ˻жգƶⳡ䣡
ǹ޷ԤϽΪż
շһпǸ⣬Ҹҿ϶ظ㣬ǰƶϾԲ١ЩӿΪ֤˫ס߿ַ߷˵˵ܸоʲôԾԭӲ̫ƶ
ɫ㵣ʵʲôĿģ
ǵðȻԼˡͷһ˫һ䣺Ҷ鷿Ƿҽҩ伮
ǡ
˫ɴ뿪һ硣æظϡ
鷿һɣĵ͸ŵĹߡ˫ƿţֱߵǰվָѵ󣬳һϸϸġ
ãɫȻסһҳ¾սϳһС׭÷Ӣҽҩҳӣ֮ף÷ڶˡ
÷룬棬ִůȵء˫³֣˵ҹ֪÷ˣ·ˣϧûϵϻ˵ʣǾƹ󣬲ʩ롣

                  
30.˼

Ž֮䣬ׯԺ鲼ڳӰǾޱҡ滨ЦҶδǰȻɫΩЩ
ת߳صӰһĻ嶣֮˶Ŀ
˵̣ʤôŮضʯȹϸ꧲صڶĿ⣬һɴȹѾҲ᲻üۡޥĵķˡ
ЩػľȳʱȻͬڻ
ӭȥһҾ۹
˳Ĭһ˫ɣ˻ݻһ˫ӯӯĿɨͥԺˣ˫΢΢һЦƽЦҲ˵ס
˫ǰʶʮĹװŮȵӳƺʱǳἰġ۹ŵʥϼҶŮӡ
˫ɼ˫ԼĿ΢΢׹ʩٴһЦƲŸǰվأβ˵Ҷ֪ˣܹܲعڵǡ
ֻ˵仰ϸžֹׯԼˣڳ۷һ޵һ飺۶ʥϳ谮ȷǹޥ˵ǻʼҷǡ
̵˹˫һۣ˵ҵӣּҶԼĹҶƵ˻£Ȼŭ
˫ĮȻӦŻ䲻Բ
µ˵㲻еô
˫ͻȻȻʧЦ⻰˵ˡǷͥǰľӲᲢۡ
ϸۺһ󷽡̾˿˵ʱ㶼ЦҾ֪ûܺݹ㡭
˫˫һ¶һС˵΢Ц˵ЦˡҶǻˣѵҲТһֱ޲ɣ
˫ɵЦǡôȲſ಻ˣ֮ͬһֽԲˡ㿴Ī΢Ц㵵ҡҡͷҶƽ˷ѾĻϵõôˣǳ׵صͷˡ
˫תĿ΢΢һЦ
㾲ĬΣͻЦ绨ⳡӲԣЦˡһｵһﰡ
ڽһһ򶨶̸ǱڱɭϵŸڴ󿪣һλ뷢׵Ĺٷһѩ׽Ŷܺһգա
Ӽæǰ̫ҽΣ
̫ҽǰʩϢŻصǰ˻õǣƹأҪȫҩɽ
һһʱȥҩˡ
Ӧһ˹̫ҽ˵ҪȻӣһܣǾʧҽ漼÷롣
̫ҽ֮ףĪ㶼޷ô
̫ҽ̾ϢҡͷĬȻһֱ󣬿һ˫ɣ˹ͷһ񣺡һ취ȾҼҹӡ
֮䣬仰ͬһըףˡ˷׷׻Ŀӱ䣬ŷ˫ɱֱڷľԣͦ񣬹ʡ
˫ƳӰڳУ˫ֽյ˵ҪҳҲУһҪһ
䳺˫ͫıȵ˫չǰģһĲԭȵİӰµ˫ʱĿĿϣʹĳ㲻ۣԭ㻹÷봫ˡ
˵ڳ˵ľɣڴʽĳһϤ书û뵽Ǵһʧ÷ֽ

˫ֱգ򶨵˵һ˹
÷ˣǰ£Ҿ֮ʧʩ˻Ҫһִָģܵ˴εģֻҩΨһʥָͽ¶
˶ը˻ңңԵȻӦʱҪҳ¶ӣֱЩ޻̸֮
һֱĬӦȴ˵ãȥ¶ӡ
˫΢΢һЦԭվ
㾪治ѣǶݺݵضӦбӰʲôƵĻ˫ɣ˵ղôô򶨣ԭѴ⡣
˫ɿЦһˣڵҲ¶ӣҲ⼸鲼ߵǰᡭ
˵ŶôһԾͱԳˣ
ʼվΣݵʱ㡢λӺ͹¶ʶ˭ȥžŹӳ֣Ҳ˫ֻСЦ
һЦ˵˫ǺģҶδ㵹˼˵Ц
˫ɫش𣺡ҶѡĽ֣ܹˡ
ϸϸ˰ΣȻһЦԭˣ뵽ٴμ¶ζӳ£Ĭ
˫ɲ⣬ȻһЦ֪Ǳ¶˼Ц
㾲Ĭһ̣̲סʵҾòԾϰŪˣʵңûй¶ǷаվҶ
ʵλᣬ¶ӿ»ܳ֡˫ĶԳ˵ʩ룬ҽ߶С
⳦ӡݺݵһۣ¶ЦݣС˺Ƥתͷ־һ䣺ӣվʲô
۲֪ʱľǱߣĵصȴ˵꣬΢Цڣһһ˵
ģܲˡ˫β۶ȥ

۴˫һֱĳǰУ˫Ҳסһ·ֻ߲
ͥԺƣ̨ͤ¥׷֮У˵˫ۡƿҶŻҵıī㡣
վƬ̣Źߣϸϸ뷿ĲӰ
ҵһμӵĵطʱձдֱһƲĮ̧ͷһۡ΢΢һЦָ鰸߶ϲΪòҿдǸīûĸ˵ּôôᶨơҳȤ£ڻʼңȴԽ治ѣݺصֶΣӼᶨ޸뷨Ϊֻ˲븸磬һִͬƽɽ
˫Ȼ˫ƣ򶨵ڽ£Բ򢣬ͦӲİĴЩĮ
ۿ΢Ц˵Ҷʵ͸һ飬֪Ϊ˸棬һڹžй֮ӵľǳΣҳʱⶨڶδͻʥּ游ĳα߳ŭƱҪʼöǰ;ǡ
˫ɵüĿ״򲻶۲˽˫ɵϰԣϲŭɫˬؼ˵ʮ糯ҹңºݻҪҺ͸ıƻ֮ģҵʱʹ٣ѿڶ˵һ䡮㣬ܹΪ׵ıаܽ𡯣뷨ܹܰݷʱõ֤ʵ仰ĮһЦôҪһ˫ɿͷϴҵһֱ֣ǵЦ񶼼ǵá
˴ֻҲܹܶĵ⡣аĴׯԺִƣۼΪ㱻ӷϳ˫ϥ˵ʱɵö˶٣ΪһֱȻ˫ɾȻζ£Ϊ㣬ϧתɴ˿ɼ˲ŵıаʣܹܡܹǰׯйµس㣬δͻЦӵ£ʹ
˫ˮȴס¡а֮ʱһ룬ȴ͵˱ܹΪһߣֱȥⳡԩδʧҪǣи顣
ۿ˫ɴͷβһֱĬƳƬ̺ͻȻ̧ͷ˵һ֣á
ۼΪ棬˶ó˫ɡȫԼĻ£û뵽˫ɫˬشӦ֡ҵ˼
˫泯˵ŮԶΪԳѡҿǴ󵨵ѡˣԸ뿪Ƿ֮أ顣ȫԸֶΪ
ۼ̸Щִٵطʣѵϲӣ𣿡
˫һ΢΢ЦʵҶһ̬ǨңʵҸжΪرҲǰ̣οһиҪҪȥ졭
˵˰ݣתͷҲص뿪ҡ
ۿǷıӰ̾ѣЦЩǿӵǴݴ󷽡

ɵŵ޾ܲ͸磬ȼŰ֣һӳӫӫ⡣ɴʴᣴźϢҶ̴ǰ˿˫ɡ
⴫һȵĽŲǰ㲻꣬첻
¶ƿţʱһ֮ãԤٴγ˫ǰǲӢŵʵУһ͸ĬĬɨһۣ˫վ˫ϣƶ֣ټһ棬֮ѡ
˫һ°ݣһѵ֪Ӧ˹ӣ»֣̿ǳһ˹ӡ
¶ʵ˱ӣؿһ£ԹΪ׷Ѱһ䣬ӸͣûΪҡ
˫԰
¶˵һôã㻹ǰд񡭡ɣѾתһЩ飬ֻҪ뿪ʲô¶ԡ
˫ĬȻȱƬ̣ȻȶɤʵӣԿʼô
ڶοʼ
˫ɼȻһЦ֪ҲܻĿҶӡ
Ϊʲô¶
Ҳҿҡ빫ӲҪ׷ˡ
¶̾˿˿ȴ֪վӲѣǶ顣˵̾˿ε̾ϢΪĻںޡ
˫ɳĬ˻ᣬſ˵빫ϸҴ÷֮ʩϰѨѨѨѨˮѨԪѨмѨҪĵѨζϴܵߵ
¶Ϣ΢΢ص֮У˫ҧҧס˻̽ӵͷȵ԰׵Ҷϱ鲼󣬹¶͸֧ȣߵ˫ߡ˫һݣַסΣӻô
¶һۣȻ˵ҶЩҪ㡣

ҶׯԺﵭ죬Ȼƣ̵񣬷ƽĻϪˮղ޲ͬ˫ȫеĸоһ·ȴЩãȻҲ֪˶ãܸоһֱ˸Ųٻأ˭ʲô˼ȫȻҶֹǣƣĹʡ
ǵͳ
ֻܽͬһײƿرɱȨƶ㡣
˫ɻعĬĬضۡ
Ӧһ˫ϬĮ۾޷£˫ɾ̽ӹĻܣڴ˿̣˫ͬеƻһ˲ĻȹᵽĻ䡣
˫ɣһ
˫ȫɫ԰ף͵һԾɳ˳ȡ
лȫӳȿڣƶ˫ϥת˫վ򣺡ͨ壬ԹӣӦһݡ
ҼǴӦ뿪ˮܹܻʲôĵô˫ɱĮ˵
ͷ͵Ӧһ顣
Ҿ֪ǰٸ׵ĸԣǺҶһģһ˵ɣϴ˫ͻȻת䵭ֱӡ
һΪ˫Ϻޱ飬Ϊֱӵ֡Ҳ֪˫һֱ£ǾʹκжУ򲻵Ѿ¶ڱٿŭʱǵȽǷŭ򣬶űֳЦ
Ϊ˶ϾӵչһὫͻݣȫӸба֮˲һƻԹӴߣסһϢȹѺʱѺ۹ףд³ɶ֣뷴Ҳ
˫̧ͷ죬޵ݡȻԵõİƣȴһ仰Ĳ֮֮ӦңһҪǵ
Ȼһֱûͨϸڡ
ǰҶӲźʱġգ̸ǰݣºѰȥû뵽ĥ֮ʱҶײʱȻͺұ˸ͼɻȥӺҶԴȥùҶҽҩ伮Կ϶밵ʾƷֻϧһʱ޶ۣδкβס֪ݵܣûнⶾȴһֱԼҪǣΪʲôأ
Ĳ֮֮˫ڤ˼롣
һֱ粻ض˿۾˴Ҷ̬ܣƲס¶һЦܹܣǧҹӵĵС
γԣ
˫һɨǺֱЦҲǺܿ϶Ҳ㡣
ɫ׼ӣЩŭɨ˫ɡ˫һ˫۾ˮ纮ǣ籦βɫ㣬һתһԹԵس˼
ӦңΪ˹ӵǰ̣㾡빫Ӽ棬ֻҪ㲻֣ӾԲ㡭
ܹܡ˫ɽ֣˹һкҪҪ죬Ƕֻ˵һ仰ı˳졪һᾡΪԸ
ϲɫٴζ˫ɹ񣺡лȫ
˫΢ЦӦδʩ񣺡ǰ֣ܹһҵ彣¹⡣


31.

£ݳݺɣӻļڡ÷ɹOݣһƬô⡣˵ʱһ˺۵鵤ҩ˲Ƶĵڳϵõӡ֤Ϊ˿ӢڣЦضɫ䵭Ĺ¶
ơ̻ݡݵǲԣǿӢͷסݵһ¥ͻ̾Ϊֹ۲ѣΪڴˣǿĹ¶Ȼܾŵشӵ̺ıӢֵ̣Į
֪㲻ģΪһһαܿ㡣ƿ˿ڣһǲˣȹǣΪʩ麮æƵתͣûһ˽ºƬ̣ļǵ뿪Ӣû֪ȥ
¶ĿⲢûصȥĳǳǰţҶһ죬һֱһ𡣡
ɫһջЦ˵ʲôôζ
¶ϸϸ룬ȻԳ㽲˫һʱ⡣

ֵ֮ʱ˫ɡ֡¶뿪Ҷˮ֮ϣͷܶĦࡣԣˮ˫֣²ȥǺ«ĺֻͯ˳ǰߡ¶Ųӣβ棬ʼնǵɫӰ
ӣ㲻ȥô˫ɻعͷһ䡣
¶ؿһһֿùˣúȻټ֮ѣҾͶߡ㲻ңҿüͺá
˫Щֲ¶ֱִţ˻˵ӣƽҵĶˣʹΪҲ𡣡
˫⻰˵ǺֱˣҲǵһڹ¶ǰʾľġǹ¶ûƵģԱ߽ӹһˣ˹ȥţĵ㡣
˫ɿҲǸԱĹ¶ĵ̾˿ƱһЦжлˡ
¶գֵ˵мҪ㡣
ӣ롣
¶Ŀ˫ϼãʵأ
˫ɽŲһ£ЩɣΪʲôλӶϲأ
Ҿ֪ˡ¶ɫ΢ʮа˾Ƕһ߲ע⡣
˫ڨȻЦЦ
ͷβаһۣߵ˾ǺԵɣ
˫һһ䡰ˡЦſڣЩ޷Ԥ֪ġǰǱеĶλˣȻҶϵһƶޱȣȻҶӶ֪ܲλ³
а£
¶ǵ˫ǰἰϾ衱ʱƤҪĶһ£˿̱Щŵضݣ˫ɫ糣˵Ҷӡʱк
ҲȫȻһкҪҪȥ
ǺҪƬ̶ͣ
˫΢΢һЦ˿ȥ뿪֮ǰһȥһˡ
˭
Ͼ衣
¶μ˫ɵɫˣΪἰҶΪȻƽﲻҲ̾ϢһʹղǸⱻ˹ȥֻ˸ȷС΢Ը񣬶Դ˵ȷЩ
˫ɷ֮ûиЩػͷ¶ۣе忡˼ΪۡͬһƬƯϪˮеƮҶӣŵشˮߺ͹֮ˣҸҪ㡣

һջֵȷûȡªβбվһľӣһõĺľббعԺϣҲǼջǿ˶١
ջϰ˵ա𡱣ӵĽ꾩׸˳Ͻ
˫߽ȥʱԺģǽŲͷҲ̧һ¡һӦǿջϰϽһһ£ĲգڣȻԪײӦеꡣ
˫ɼΧ壬۹ⷢæ˹ȥƺ˷ն׵˾⡣ȻҲʵͿưӣ߽ǻ˼϶ҪǣӾȻǸ˿ˮס
¹Сرܿһ°ӣˣϽ𡣡
Ͻ۴УץסҪӵ֣㣬㣬һ̡
п͵ˡ΢΢һЦ۹ɨɨ˫ҪȵҲˡ
˫һ̧ͷʵ֪ҪĪСףϾҪͨһջСף˫ɲƶ
ٰļҵӣСסСվ̧ʩ񣬡һֱ㣬
¶۹ʱСϡ
˫µȷЩ죬С׺ϾڣһѰѵһз˼ıʣֻڽ˽֪
΢΢ƲǣЦˮ㴿³ԾΪ֪ô飬ʵЩϽҵģҵүүңȥԭ˱ϹӣҪѰһλʹ𽣷꣬־ͽ˫ɡ
˫һϸϸСĿСݿ㣬Ц红ͯа˶׽֮ģÿһЦǱ¶ܺÿľѡ
ΪҪң
Ϊүү˵Ƿһ飬ҪһҪ顣СЦʵʲôҪ𣿡
˫ɿһĻЦݣ΢΢ضΪѾϳ˭ˡλھϲǹŻ֮ףϾ裬ֻһ֪ǰܡҩǰ
С׾Ȼ׿ɾ
˫עǰЦÿĲһףɽƻ⣬ĵֱָ⣬Ʋ˵Ķ΢ЦСףסƣһֱʵ˵ãͷС׵ļϣݣڼˡҲһֱ㡣
С׾˵ҲңѵүүԼ
ǵġ˫Ǽ֣˵㻽˫ɺôҾͽСס
һֱĬĹ¶ǰ˫Ӱ£㵵С׼ԶһΪοأ
¶һֱ˫һ£ؿС׺ƫͷ֣ǵһμ˰ôŸˡ
عӣСҵĹ˰˫ſǻĲ
Ҳ˷¶۾˵֪ǽйںõ𣿡
˫ɳĬ¶ȴرܿˡ
С׾˫˼ã̧ͷܡ
¶һ˵ԭġӦʼղˣһꡣ
ʲôһᣬѵɱһΣ
Ҳ֪Ϊ׳ѶϢһ꣬ȴдңֻһֱ޷ʲô
˫Щɪ˵ҸղŰѹϵĺҩƣʧȥ˼䣬ҩǰֿĹΪݣЩδǺ¡ס£ҪٴӦ
һʵң׻ЩҲ֪ģ
˫ɼǰŹ¶֮ͬ꣬˿Ҳʲôһһʮ˵УԼԼľ뷨ֻδᣬΪóǰ¶顣
¶վãǿڼ仩ضżηҶӣƲƾҶƮڷϣ·ΪһʯǱ©ôӢݣ涵Ӱӳأʹ˫ֻļͼ
ΪεݺҲߣҲܼһЩǵĴʹˣ˼ã۾˵

Ǿͷֿˣ¶תɤ׷ʵ
ǣ˵С״ȥϹӣȴҽݡ˫ǰĶ¶Ҳδ˵С׵ܡ
ˡ̾˿ճҶʱпȥӢԭΪ˴ҡ
¶죬ֲ˵ˡ
ѩ󣬳סͷͻȻֵ˵н·Ĵ£ˣȴǸľͷ̽ʱûһ˿Ӧ
ݲ¥ﴫзıͷȴ£Ҷʥ϶۹ԼΪף󽫾ʢ䡣
үӡϪӱɱ󣬽ַұ¼Դʲô¶ûį˼ʵ
Цһʲôǳһȥôģ
¶Ļⱻˣٴα͡
Դ̣ڤ˼룺òҶǷʧ䣬ֻƽ˵˾䡮ǰʳȷϴǰһм䡯鲻ǺҲ֪ҶǰùɢЩ¡
վ忪˼˵ί۴粽ظ˽¼Ѻ棬򡡢ϡⶼӰڿҶҲ̽ʲôϢ
ٴˣаʧȥ˼䡣¶ųתתȥüͷ˵
ô֪
Ҳˣô᲻֪¶˵һ䡣
̧ͷؿ¶¶תĿ⣬˵Ҷҹȼʾأ㻹ţȥվߵ˭͵ˣ
߳ӣһ·һ·ɫ粻ⲻҶ𣿰˵ۼ޸Ǹħͷ´󼪣Ϊλųһţ
粻˳ӢСͷŻŵһŮƲ˵ľ֮ɫͷڤ˼ϲ˵˵á
̧ͷʵʲôˣ
ˡ΢΢˿С¹۾˵ҰǰȥͲ裬ĴӿţϷ鼮ȴˡ


32.С

̣̾ӻݺҡⱾλԶݵļġʢΪӹŵѵһǻץסʱͣˡ
ĹӣѵǰŰݷôֳʡ
СһЦĪȻӾͻϲòˡ
ʲôӣִʣͷ֮ҲϲСױ任˼롣
Сվˮ忡ʤ´֪֮׬ӣһٲְģСĵӣСĸҴ˫ɸһ˿⣿
ּСף֪ʦΪţǰݼڵĵûжС׶Ļ Ŷһ˵ʲôҲɣ˵
ǲСЦеʣЩ֣ʹһǧﻹΪ֣ҲˣͿԷֵ֮һ
ֳƬ̣Ȼᶨش
ʲôˬ죿
ĿԶһЦһʦǹңһֱΪҸ𡭡ʦڲ֪ȥ˺ηһֱΪĵ顭
С¶֮ɫɴ۾ֿ飬΢΢һЦ˵ҼǵһǰĺʦĲʱµúܣӣ򲻵Ѳ˵ﻰʦΪڳմʱ˵һ£ԭ֮ǰΪ˳Ｏȥһε̣İˮӣֱҲδأҿΪȥȡ
С̾ѡǶշת֪˫ɵ飬ǲ˫ɸϵľ𣬷˽ӦӲаκ󣬲ۼ޹⣬𡣡ϵĺܶ¶޷Ԥ޷ת䣬ͬС׸պҵ֣Ϊ˫ִӦ
Сһ̴ɫһֲС
ʢɱ˵ġ½֡ⷪҳ֮˽˫ãԺͶ孵һӣŮйأǰºض˺ܲҵرɱİӡ
ִС׵Ļ׷ʵ֪Ǳ˰ӣ
С׵һЦ˫˵ϪǰңǵˣһѡһĸԣҲˡүӾͱȽϲˣ˵ҹֶʱ˳ּ𡣡
Ŷ̵ؽ˾䡣
СһĵҲֵĵĮ˵ǵǳʱλջϰô˳꾩һҵĽϰ壿
꾩׸Ͻ𣿡ǳһƷӺ߹ޣסǸ
С״Цϣŭɫҵһμһ㣬Ҳ˾档û˽ƻúܣƲɽ¶ˮмҲſڡ
죬ȻضСסСЦ˼ãŻζ˵˫ʦǲ㣬ˣ㱥ʫ黹δһջǸõҷɵĲ飬ഫʥױʣǿеĺڳľͷǼＸųһ̴ľ˰ɡ
£ϸϸ˼ȻЦһ£˷ˣˡ
СͻȻһЦݣɫ˵¾ͺϽйأҴӿصظΪ˴ϽԸ
أ
Ͻҵݸֻ½֡һԾͺһıı⡣˫æĶݡ
ݺĻβ㲨塣֮ʱﻨ㣬ɣ̵ϷޡСڴ֮ԣϸؽ飺
ݸ䱸ɭϣֵ֮ʿԻ븮ڵԽ־ҶӸۡһֿ֣ܵĽУҪץʱƴӡ
ݴ̽ϢȫԱȥųݸɳҲʱ
С׵Ͼ衣ǾСүүܻʶ֮⣬Ϊ˶һ޵ˬ͸Сҹ֣ҲٲϾµЭһѵӰӾţˣó߿շֽ𰣬˴ɷԽɽˮֻҪ˴ֽ𰣬ŷӳ졣
ϽΪҪ½أǿǳ͢һֱ׷İӡЩģʳһ⡣
СֱЦڽ̸֮ɫ䣬Ͻƽеܣ˵ҪΪ¡ֻܳݸе˸߹Թ޷и컹ûó飬ǵĽϰ̲סҪɽ˳Ϊ׳׳

³һҺʱݹųǣҹ졣
̻׼ʱݸֵУ˿ٲʷ׳ʵ̻ӳӨӨҹգ̰̻˪ԶԶȥƮӯӨˮ͸
˫һֱ̧ͷ죬ôӣǰʱδŶҲδ
ڷ缸β޽һ鷢һŰӢԵԶӺ̶УĴ֮磬ǶԺڰ׷ͫʷ·ڴϴˢһҶ¡ĹʣȷŲ
ӣ˫ɣһμ˫ɻָŮװϸ˿˫澧Өûˡ˫̰Խȹʽ򵥴󷽣ҲδѹסƮȹ緣ӣ²Ϊж֮ʡ
紦ӣáӣ˰ΣͻȻ˵
˫ݸһЦ׼ôԶˣ
˫ɽӣǣ֣ݱߵСĬĬдݹųгţֻҪţǶ˱ﳤȥ뿪廨ǡ
̧ͷһôӣͭɤ𣬶˫ɳȵĺӰ˵
˫ɲͷֻСĵظǰӿƽ˵˼ǵöౣԼӣǴӦҵġ
㲻ҿҪˡӴҶվڳͷܰյİݷءԱ߻ׯòŮӣǽϴŵ۹ˡǹòɣףôϺЩ񡭡
ӣ߶߶˵ͣдžɡʱضҶӰֲʱ˫ɵķӦ
˫ɷûʲôӿͷβһֻۣСǰ̽·ӣ΢΢̾˿ûᶨ
˫ģƽ˵˹ˡСһ֪ĵ
ӣ̲סͷٿһۡ
ɫ£ҶɴɫۣƳ˷ȥɣԡŮɢҹĮ֮ϣѴսƲãҡѩ׻ǶڷĻҫ۵ǿźǣɢĿĹâ
ӣӣ˿ô¸߲ʣ·ƶ˵񣬽˵ӣϣǸװġ
Ҷһδشڳͷ
ӣ˫ʼպƽһҲδͷ
ĵġӣ̾Ϣһ
˳źĹٵƬ̣еӭСɽǰ
ӻô˫ǣһЩûɣ
ӣһЦǵͷ˻Ϊ˹ģҶס
˫ü˵˼ʹϲҲûҪôԼ
Ŷ˫㵹ǺģӣƵϣЦſڣ֪ҽִ֮ɱҶӣ֪ǸЫŮˣ޷˵شӦһУһ͵漮
ˣҴκˣ˶һġ˫˵˼ȻԳЫδһ˿֪
ӣһߣ˵Ҳ¸㣬κ½ҵʹ½е˷ˣǶҲİӡҷСƻʧܣѾ㳲ɱ֣⻤һؾ֮·ѣûģ
˫ɻعͷ΢΢һЦЦʤǹ⣺Ҽǵҵͽ˵һ䣬졣
ӣȻһ
žžĺҹȻһ죬ͬκһӣĻ֮󻹴ŻƲʣ˫ɻͷһۣЩԾ
һֻɫľ޴ֽ𰻬ǰƮƮسϿշȥ
˫˫һʧ˵ǲϴκ¥ǰֽ𡭡ϴξֽϾ衣
ӣפƬ̣Ҳ˵ûôֽ𰣬ȥݸϿ
Ƕɽλüѣǵҹ۵סӣһ˫ɣϸϸ˼£ʹΪδʱֽܼ𰣬ƶϳϾҹ̽ݸйء
˫Ķشضӣϴһ֣Ҷײϣ˭ܵһ仹ȥҹϮݸϻϰë
ӣɫ˫ɫ࣬ҧгݵ飬ɵһʱ


33.ֽ

УÿʱһЩ˵˵ˣǳءǴˡ˫ݵҶһ˵
еҶ飬ǣɲǵѾĽ¡Щص㣬صֽѾܵУʴû˸ǰֺ
СԶھʱŹһ꽣Ϲ¸޷ԽĴţȻΪȻƲԾԾԡ˵ҶĽ뻯켫㲻ĥ㲻
ʱӸֵۡϣһɫӰʱСײδκǱΣƳ򾲵ڽֵ룬Я½ֵİ
ֱߵ˻ȣСױ֪ĵ鷢ˣȻϵҶעǰס˻̽βϾ
СײӣӲˣΪֱͨɱֻʣ½ͷǸڣǸйǿҵɱʹͣ˽Ų
ҹ£ĮһյˣСʧȥһμҶȸСӡ̵ģһ˫۾
˫۾ӳʷ׳ʵҹ£ȻʣȻûһ˿飬յüӰ䴩͸ҹɫСŷһѳϢ˲ϰ֡
нѩ
Сϳѽ˵ǴӲʵʴ
ҶһֱС׵Ŀһһÿһߴ磬಻٣
֣С׵Ľ³֡
СһȽסƴ
ʴ֮ҶĮ˵
СסС˫ͫʣˮţֻ۵Ľ಻ܳʱۼǰ֮ϡ
סˡҶδ䣬
ҹ紵֣ľҶ£Ǿݶ𣬷ϼ
С۵ĳĴ£ӾͱһΪĻ꣬졣С׽˫ɫ½ķʢ¹µܽޡֻҶ߷ŵġ
Ҷȳܱеķľһ֧ѣһײɭɭ󣬾׹䡣ʮС׵Щɢҡ
ܽ뽣
ۡСѿڶһ
ǽδĽУҶʹ˽ռ֮ǿ⣬ʴϣ˵ۣʵ׽ȴһʮһǿɱС
ҶʹһбһͣͬˣӿʽֻһαһǿңС֪סĽУӵתʱͼѰ
ʮкҶı˳¶һ⣬Ǳʽġˮ족
Сû˹Ľǰʽ©һʽʴƳɫš

˫˫ֻɫֽ𰣬׷ϡܺҹ纣ӹ۽ǣԶԶȥӵĻĮƮԺУ˫ͻ𺮹⣬ǽŲһ˿ɡ
ֽɳȥһΣתƮء˫һ֪ϾһʧˣΪпǺǿĵס·뵽ӽ
ĿԶӣϾۿݵӰڽβһӰһȻӡ
Ͼɫһһ಩μ죬һѸٷֿΧˮΧϽɭɭĽì¹°ããˮһƬ
˫΢΢ԾȽ½˺ס棬Ҳҳ彣һԾһˣԽطסƷ硣
ϾɫЩɣһϾһߡʱ֪˭ˡ꾩ʱֻôеسƺһȳĵСףһСӰ«ư˫ɡ
Ͼϲغô
˫ɵܳȥ˵
Ĭץȥ˫ɺͳ˿ԼϬһƺ󣬾ƺȵһ
˫̾˿ң
Ӧҵأ
˫ɳĬһ£˵̧֣Źѡһߡ
һ˵¶Ѳ˸ϵ˫ɳĬպӵҿԷߣǸֻߵԽԽá
һӣѹѹӷɢ˫Ͼ󣬵лͽǽԫûгĿһۡ
Ŀ䣬ǽߣһº͵סܹܡ
ҹӰʢװ޵߳΢Ц˵ܹܣʲô£Ϊӹ۾һ̾뿪˳ͷ
Ӽæʩ񣺡λ
ۻƽֻһЦ
ƣֿ˵ЩӶңΪ˹壬͹ظϸ·ظһһ档
ͻȻһ䣺˵ҶԼΪֶˣ
ֳУңӲ˵ᡣ
䵭Ŷһϵ۰ΣҲԥʾ뿪
Цܹܣ㲻֪ӵĵҪȥѹѹƺ󼴿̾

ӸۡһΡ빬̾ݶϣĻֺΧγɵݸֵԵֳԶϾ˫㲻صǽԫӣƬ̺ͽԺ
ʢֽƮɣγֽ֮ûӰ
Ͼ迴˿ֽ𰣬ɫЩѿ˵С׻û
˫ɫ԰ף̾Ϣ˵Ҿ֪ٲСסҾ֪Ӳ³㲻ôңʱպϸ˵
Ͼɫ죬ü˫ʵƽأ
Сȥˣ˵ϱа̽һ
˫һ̾ϾôɵС֡Ŀǰûܳаˡ
Ͼ΢΢һЦ˵СһңҾܾ󡣡˵Ծȥ˫֪ܲԣ緢ס˵ȥȥֽ𰣬ҽһ
Ͼ赱ʱ֪˫˵ġһǺ⣬պС㵸תвŵ֪һԵɣ˫аڳʯ˽ɨҶʮΪ˶ԸһɱֻðյزȡΧκԡĴ򷨣ǾǴֽ£ȥ޷ĺ󱳡

˫˵ӦıԣֻһȻʱҶѲҹϷ
ոÿϢתͫһԼ˶籪۾ԹĶڷܷг˪֮ߵҹɫк£֪ƾ糤գһǾ춯ء
Ҷ˶˽׺ݵ֪ۣͫһ䣺ߺˣ
˫С࣬ϢȵĮȵСף񣡡
Сؽһؿ泩˫ɣһˡС˽º˫̸Ȼ˽ҪͷƾյϤϳ
ҶضˣָǱٷеԤʾ
˫԰¶һԺ̶˫ͫĮעҶݣ𻰡ת¹⽣⳯£ɭȻָء
˲ϤĹҶǰıаɱڵĸоԴˡ
Ҷͻ˵¹ͬʱ֣Ų١˭ȥãҲ£Ҳ¡ һ䣬ʴǰʢֱۡ
˫ɺС˫˫󾪣ԾʽС
Ҷ˫һݣһ٣ѩҰˣƮ٣ۻԵʹ˵ڶۡν֪ȵһǿҶ٣Ҷʴ֣ʮйͽαңɢңֵƬƬƮɻ˱Ĳ
˫¹СϵĽŭ֮Сףֻдǲл֮սɴ⣡
С׷ž̹ҶԵĽ˿˫ﴫ󣬸ǾƽһĬغϡ
Ҷڶ齣ǣɫ䣬ؽʴ֡
ҹҶƣжֱҪʹֽŴδչֹֽ
ۻʣһУʮС
˫ɿ˾ٺͻȻҹɫвϵǣδԸ̾
˫ģ亹Ѷ£˫ʢ籪Ѫ֮⡣ĮĿʣ޶ڣһֽɢɲ׿¶ȱİɫ¡бˮ»ɣûС˵Ǳ
ɱ֮䣬˫˫ĿҶϣ˵ҶӴӲʹ֣δң
Ҷһۣ΢΢ζһ¡
С׿аĿ䣬Ŀס˫ͫʣȴĮض˵һ˵սľĻҺ㡣
Һ㣬Ҷ֪仰Ľɱ
˫ɽر˱۾ͬīȣ䳺סһӣˣ
δ䣬ͬһ꼱к£ҹ¹ˮ˫¹˪
Ҷһʴ͸СӾ족˫ɵĽֱ߳ʱҲδʹõɱнʽʱҲƽɱضٻ˾飬Ҷ˽㡣
һӿԶʣ֣
˫סԲеĺ𽥼һϸϪѪˮεδĿģӿڵİש̺绨
˫ɣ
ڱ߽ǵС׿˿ƣ»֣̿żػ˫һ
˫ɡҶ͵͵һ֡
˫ɡ
ַ·ǵħ䣬ɲ֮䣬ҹɫᱡҶòôȶ
̧۾һ˫ѩƵ˫ͫĮž޲ȻǱע˵һ⣬ԽԽһһֳɵĹ⣬ճں棬Ȼһ¡
һ㡣Ҷƶ˵ʴ¡
˫ֱҶݣĮһһʮ 
ֺη˫ԱȻһֱϣ뵱߽һ£Ҳ¹˵һԸһԣóԸʵֽ֤ܵ
Ҷǰˮˣ۹䵭ɡ
ɫ£˫ɰڣرֱ¹ͶϷӨӨֹΣɫܹģϴ߷ĺտܹӵֽҺС׾޷ˣ±𽣷ֽ̹ӵľС
С׳Ĭ˫Ҳƽ
˫ɣʲôҪô ͻȻԶԶֽǵĽ˺һȱڣһʺӰֱ彫дҶǧҪ֣
ҶӰĮ΢΢ɫ ˳ʧɫûôңһʴȻûгֻǵֵ
˫˳ľɤ̾Ϣһ˵Ĳһߴ͸ǧʱ⣬ڼįϣ֪Ѱʧʲô䱦
ɶԸѣһδü˵ڵһԼ˫ؿڣƵյǰȡһ˵ţһ潫¹ƥкȥƵþɲҶ˼
Ҷһ³ɣ˫ɿ˽ʱ
ʱ߸ʱ
ߣ˫ɵͺһСѸǵҹɫ
ӰζסҶΣ˵Ĳǵˣ
Ҷת䳹˫Įصֻǵ˫֡
һҶضһۣƬɫƺһƮҹա


34.

ݰųǣΰһƽȵĵĽžشҹɫС˫Сײӥ׷Ѹޱȡ
Ȼ˱Ǹ죬Ϥơ
³һҹ𶫱ǡҶ̧ĿһۣһԾ˰ɫֽ֮ϣ·׷ɣƮƮȻУȴֽͬ𰱳֮䲻л
˫ɻͷһɫ䣺СףȥϽϾǷֿܡ
С׽ҹɱ׷ҸȤЦеͷá
˫ѵѨλֹѪɫЩ԰סһȳݳɽȥйֻҶ׷
ҶζסǵɫӰ˫һչƬҶ£˳⡣
񣬲ãɫҲ赲ȶ˵ٻӰּ䣬裬ɢһҶβˣĿܶл˵Ҳ㡣
û˻Ӧֻͷҵ¡
Ҷʴת֮ҡҲǵһЩ飬Ҽǵ֡ٿһۣ
ﾲֻһһġҹлصɴҹƵƮ紵»ˮӳɫʵؿ
˲֪ա
Ҷڹ¼£¹͸񣬽һӰ˼ãϢתһһɽȥ
˫ɵüĿ촽԰ףһïʢϣҲδ
⼱δйӨ׵ˮ˽ƺߣ֮³صͷ
Ҷڵοյ촰ǰ۹̽ããĻԶܵϽˮ飬̵ͬ飬ŴŵصڳԶ¥ܺˢ£ƺһ㵭̡
ѬȽȽƮɢ
ǽ¡³һǳϴŵҶɲɡ֮ʽ۹ڣƸԼڣӡܹǰԡի䣬ȴһ١
ЩҶ
Ƭ֮ҶջĿ⣬Į鰸ǰִ˱ϵʼʡ
ҶΩʥϡһӭϵù죬ܹΪⶨһУֻ˶
Ҷִ𰵺¡һ֡д֮ʱɫĮ糣ƺֻдһС׭д̧֮һᣬˡ
紵ֽŻɣųϣϵīһһصڴʯϣǰ԰װֻкʨֽڰֽһǣĬؿ䷢һУƺС󳤳ɵ£Ȼء
Ҷ֪˶ãµīıʣһģת˳ȥ
૴꣬üҲȥÿ졣ˮʹӳȻһϢǷβߣʳԺǼžƳСǴɫĴʯֵ޲ӭŵӵϴ
лصɢƲȥ΢㣬һ͸ƮԵÿӸۡɢ绨īϸ鰸һԵĻ飬װαȥʱ䣬ֻǶĬӰ
顮һ֣ͻ£һδЩ˼ʰӣ˵
ɫһףãв˵ɼӶﰮ⸽֮˵ص̾Ϣһ㲻㣬ʹȻΪ֮
ӳĬ
ۿ뿪ݣ֪١֪˾˶ǸԶʦֽӼɱ͵ǰһûгֵʱ򡣰˵ƻ޷죬ڿӷȻȥǰ¡
Ҳһ̾Ϣ»ûô򵥡
̧ܹܺγԣ
֪תӴ⣬˵ѻҶ֤ʵǰһ仰仰֪ԭǹһƶ¡
ܹܿɷʾ
ܹҪʲôһհ졣˵Ӷ԰˵仰ŷ¼
ܹ˼ǣ
ת˵֪ҵԣ²һȰʩȻ費ڻŲǾǹӹҿΪӼȢһΪޣһһļƲߡ
͵վ𣬻ʧɫʧ˵Ϊˣ
û´Ϊ˳һͬʱҲΪʾġ
ή£ȻһЦͻȻ˵ѹֽƶô˿ƣʲôı
Ȼֽӵ˰ˣʹȻǾ䡣
ӻĿڣ˵ӼһУȥ
˽ˮǵŽصɵݹųǣʧ꣬˳ĺˮξʱʱʧ

޷ļ紺滷ƺˮմӭ졣
ˮͰسˮȥ˼һɫӰ͸سǰ
һݣĿеӣô
ҶĮȻԽԯȥ¼æϡ
ããˮӳǰˮһ꣬ˮ档ҶƬ̣˵ʱһ
¾䳺׵Ŀ󣬻һǣӡһʯͷϷ
Ҷǿʯͷһۣԥ£ֻͬһ²ʣƵĳһô
ЩģȻ˵ڣֻǶԹһ̬ɻʯЩ档
ҶһۣĮ˵ϸ˵һշ顣
æͷ˵ǣӡ
һԴǣϸϸ˵յĳһеôʱУ˿ںߣֱã˵һ䣬¶ҿ϶ԼǷˡ
˫ɣ֪жڣ

ĺķƻԻͣƣζⶰ˶̰ͼܣǵضĲȾơ
Це˶ﴩ壬˻ڵص˻ϵĺ඼ҪĿڴƺǿڴѾװӡ
ͻȻķͬһѩˮݵĻȶ˲ػͷһۡ
Ҷʤѩڳ¡ֺĺѻȸ
Ŀɿڴһ㿡ˣɢݺ
ţһĹ³֡
Ƥϸϸ˵˾䡰ôˡæӭȥɨһ޾ӰΧ󣬲ųݣżҶӡ
˺ȻۡҶɨĿ
ȥһסķӡ
ǣӡ
˫ɾסķǰխСң߰裬һһζѡ
͵͵һҶɫ˵ʲôԸҼС㲻ݡ
šҶؿڣͰֵܣҲʲôû˵ҲµóΪ˭
Ųʲô
Ҷ𻰣ĬĬߵǰһָ棺ʲôҾĳһôģΪʲôһôľģȥƴϵƽ

Ҷĺ߳־ȥ˳ʯ֡
ĺɫơĻгϼɫʣʮɫգһһȥԶɽʣݾĬĳʯڣãһĨȵɽˮ
ҶܣǸ˫۾
۾ãȻֻϽǽϡϣЩһǳһĽۡ
ټһطݹž̨Ҷ֪ʱһ֮ã߱˫ɵ㼣鲼ıÿһʲôζμǵãɽʱ˰ΣĲӣȴʲôҲû
ٳʱľʦס˵ӣҶԣ˵һطȻˡ
Ҷ䵭ػĿӣʵǲǻת棿
ľʦ˫ֺʲӴϻۣתһ㣬ҪҸһ¡
Ҷ
ľʩ󣬲Į˵ʼΪһʩǰйһ֮ԵĮһѰһһԶɳĮ﷢һ񣬾ݶܵٳӿܲµˣܾǳһʩСʯ̣ģХ䡣
ҶһʵǷأ
ľĬĬеݳţҶץû𿪡ľ΢΢̾˿ָһŰ÷⣬ٴεݸ
Ҷһ飬ɫѩסжһϯһ֪ǽʹĿĺڣԭƶϣҶɽ£ͱ϶˳һʼ֮ġ
ҶĿβһֱХХΪ¼ݡ
аʱⶣ˽֮
¶꣬븸ĸʧɢǵ֮࣬㲻ݡʱδܳлĸϥ£䣬ΨҴ棬˼ʼ֮ʱֵԪ꣬ѩûϥǰɪȻ
Թµ֮ѴĮԽ麣΢УȻʸ־ơ¿࣬Ż֮Ϊ⣬ΪЦ粻Զӣյ봦֪ˣ᲻һꡱ˶Ҳ
Ŷ֮䣬δ䣬ĵؽ룬֮̾಻ԡ

лҪ˵ľȥ֧ңҪд˼桭ұչ̵꣬а
СףΪô࣬һǵ׳պܺãԲôΡ
г㡱ֵԭ
ĽͣҸ˫Сʱ˶ĥѣ˽
¶ʱ͸ĸʧɢꡣ󣬹ɢͷŽŲҰԡͯʱܳлĸϥ£ܾ޴ʣΩҴˣ˼ҵһμʱպԪ꣬Ŵѩѩûϥǣɪɪп¥£ӡ
ȵΪļҳʼµٴοʱѾɳĮɹ麣Ϊ˷ǳһ˺ܹµȻܾᶨƵ顣ҹ¿ÿһȥ棬ʱ̫ˣΪǴ׵뿪ϾͿٴκžۣȻһӲֿ֪ᷢ飬ʹĥѼӵϣҲ׵뿪
֪ʣҾǰûкܺõضԴΪĵؽǷ룬˸еÿ޲˵ʲô

                  
 

1.ż

شγĸ֮ؽ˳£±ִ˫ɴӣԶ棬ǵУ԰ˮ·뺵·ߣ˲ʱ䡣
·ίʵࡣ
ӣ岻ʣǵˮ˫Ϊ䣬˫ɳǳֹҹҹˮߵĴɱ»ΧҲ˸ģˮĴɱֻţСԣӣɫԽԽ䣬ҧгݵ顣
˫뿪ʱδ͸©һ˿ټǽ֣ϸϸв½ֵĹ죬Էպ͢Ҫõ֡
ƣˮƣһƬ⣬˳ںӻСΪ˷Ͷ޸·˫ҪһƤߣװׯӣūͣӣҲΣ򵥵ݣӣ԰ױݹƭˡͬʱӣأȴһ·
˫ӣ󣬿⸱龰̾˿ǿȥʲôװû
ˮɢ羰续ӣĿˮãת˫˵գߵӹǶɢˣӽͳˮ·ɣ
ӣǲ֪ˮ·ˮ̿͸֣̥Щȵ󣬼ԥǿ˿ڡ
˫΢΢һЦãһַһ̴ЩΡߴһĲ㣬ʷ緫ƸլԺǰ㣬˫ɳһۣЩԾϲɫ
̴˺ͨʹߴŴֻ֮Щó˳ҲЩγչӡ
˫Сķӣڼװ䣬ůůӣЩʵЦۡ
ɽӳˮӭ˷紵Φ˷֨ѽһЩû˵
ֵĶ˫ԽĬӣԽǶ棬Ϥϸ΢չˣӣﰵ̾ѣǹѩˮƽ⣬Ҫк˵ĸܡ
˫뷨Ҷ뷨
ǣӣźˮ˰죬˵˫ɣмһҪ˵Ҫܡ
˫һֱźۼع۲촬ڶں뵽֮˲ᣬƽӦһ뽲
˽ȷʵϲҶӡӣԥؽӵĿЩŵؿ˫ɣ֮˿Ŀܺ󣬲ЩȻ
˫ɿ˿ӣԣڵ˷˵˾һΪ죬Ҳá
˫ɣǡӣҧҧ޺˵ҶӼϲ㣬̯ˣǵ˰˱ӵù
ôҲá˫һЦƢؽĻ˵˵˵˵ҶǸĺ÷
ӣͷˮƣһ˿˫ɵͷһۣúЦֻ˵ţҲ²¡Ϊ
ӣһ̧ͷ˵۾ϬȷΪ
˫΢΢һЦϹɵġ
ӣһۣףϴһ֮⣬ϸϸζ¡
ǰڿʱ͵͵ȥ֪Ӷϸ񡭡һ֪ΪݷɱҵϢȳɢܡ
ӣʵҲ֪ҶΪ˱棬»ֹô࣬Ϊȹⲻ׼뿪ݣ뷨¼ȻһСֵطˣͺñһ˵˰̣ŰҲðŧס
˫ʱ֪ҶΪԭҲ¡ӣۣ϶ӣȻڣ϶˵Գô򵥡
ȻӣĿһ̽ľģ˵͹ӵἰҲ˵˵ﵽôģ
ʵúֱӣû뵽˫Ҳشøֱӣû뷨
ӣҪУôܣ
˫ɼӣ˼Щӣм찲ôûܣһҺ͹ӵݵλ⣬֮ͬ𡣵ڶ˼䣬ǰ飬˺ȴֶĶ࣬Ҳһһϸ˱˭죬һһǵá
ӣȻ˫ɣﻰô
ӣǺ˽˫ɣֻƾֱѿڶ仰
˫ɿ˿ӣݣʵʵػش𣺡˲Ĵ𸴻ǲġʵҪľʹӦܹܣڹӳɻ֮ǰ˽Լӡ
˫ɳŶӣ¶룬ҲԼҶʱǹɻ㯵һֱѹͷĸɣû뵽ձӣһᣬͬ˳˿ĵЩȻʵĸо
˵⻰˫ɴֹͽǷŵĻ̸Ҳδӣֹɫ˫ĿǾɨܣŶװϵĸߴ۵ĺ̡
˾ԶΪ磬Ҳδǵ̸£˫Ⲷ׽ǵĴֱԽԽľοΡ
ĿһĻӶ孵½桭Ϣȷʵմ˽˶ʹܺӦ˴Ըߵĺ˷ܵظ֮ˣԽϢ˷Сơ
ԭ̸۵ͷȻܡ
ޢһĿ½֣Ի׳˵Ǻʹͨ룬Ŀ˶ʹԼҴ˵ܺƲסĵ׵̰ڴͷ캦Ĺ
˫亹䤱Ҷܲ½֣ڹ֮˽ԷǽҴҪó͢Żᷢ֡һоֱϤżȻţҲ컯Ūˡˡ
ӣ˫ɣɫЩ㱣˵Ҹղǻ㲻
˫ɻعҡҡͷ˵ϢƬ̣ɹɹ̫ȥȥ
ӣЩȵصͷ
˫̴װϸϸ鿴ûлҩĩڽ˲յס
յһƬһЩ״˼װ壬Ҳңһһ̽顣һ󣬲û˿Щվ˼
Ƭ̣˫ﵽβ⣬˿ˮס

ӣͷؿԼĵӰ˻ǰһݳӰӣڻ˫ɣôôͻˡδü˵ڣͿںֱ죺硣
塣ԴҶӦץجҶƤŵ£ʹҹҹŲϣòһҽΰƣֻǻĳŭ޷йŭܾ֮ôŵĵ˳ȥ񲻼Ӱһ׷ˮԴڷˮټϣˮִ֮ɱӣˣһеԹδϵհܸ˫似֮ߣˮĽһ˫𲻸óȻԼ
ӡ֤ˮתĵβһ˫æץʱ˳ˣһѾˮףһʱ˭㡣
ӣп࣬ӲȵԿĴ֣ҲֻƳѪİɫƶϳһЩۿۣʱһ˹Ԯײȥðա
ӣһ˼תһ潿Цʱ䣺磬ʹ˵Ĵɱѵ³ͨ͢ô
һߣЦ֪㻳Уʶ͹ԹԶܣһʬ³
ӣɫ䣬֪ԸӦһ˴ϻ˫ɡʹˮϵĻң˫һţ˫ץȥӣУԱ䣬ƿһһ鴬塣
װ֮ˣҲЩɲؿͻıʡƬ֮䣬ץס˲ҷӣعЦһһ͵źõСϡ

˫ĺЩĺˮΣ⣬εβವһܳˮ档ҫͷϣӹǵǱˮδʪ
̧ͷԶӣûӣӰ˫ЩԾ첽ǰ鿴ӣ֮صĶƾŴϵƷ磬֪ʲô顣
˫ɻͷһۣһλŵĹӱڴױԵ½ƮƮȵˣ乫һ˫ȣЩΡ±𴦣ֻڶ㣬´ݾߣֻӭ¹ȥˣӡ
¹ӻعͷ°忡˫ɵüĿϵľֹ΢΢һЦ˵ѯʸղ˵䣿
˫̧׻Ӧǣлָ㡣
¹΢Ц֪һ֮ҷ˵
𽹫屡죬Ը߽࣬ӼڷͣפȥΪָ֮Խ򡣡˫湧ǫƽ˵
𽹫ϴ绯һЦдζɫ˫ɳ˫ôһñӿĳʹ뿪ҲаɣֻҪ˵οҵҾͻظ֪һС
˫µӣİΣˬغгҽ˫ɣΪ˻Ҽҷ˻漮̴ղſ޸ζڼװϣֹ֪е𽹫ӣʵ뵽ˡ
˫ⷬ΢΢һЦ˫ɽϵΪñʵȤǳμ˫ɣЩ˾ǡͷ£ʡ˫ɵĸоպںߡ
˫ϵ΢˼ǰסش׵ػȻҲǰ֮еɫ𽿴˿΢ЦЦûΪӦеʣһˣץסҷ˺ЦŶ˵һ仰ˮƿͷպ˸һһȥáȻͰС
˫ɲ֪ˮƿͷǺεطҲǺ컨֮أЩʢѲȣЩ䵭عֵлȥû뵽ֿЦڹҼȣֻǸ߹飺һҴĿĵظպþȥͷҸպǼͷϰĵܵܡ
˫̧ͷ΢Ц磬Щ忡ζһݣֻðĿǿѹ¸䡣


2.

ˮ죬ʷߡɽԶˮƽŻĲӣᵴΡ󴬡εȻ£һĨЦȺһɡ˫ɽǿһۣ̲סĵһ̾Ǹ
΢Ц˫ɣˮһţԶɽһȻɫŨ˵Щǹ롣
΢ЦʱԭǴԽһЦƻ˫ɣϧ˫ƽּڿһʯͷֻ׷ĵ׵ɻ󣺡˵ܣкĿģ
ЩʧǴЦ˵Ҽ˹֮󣬶ԹܸȤ𣿡
š˫ɺԥؽӿڣܶ˾ΪȤһ֮Լ˲ˣ
˫ɵһ˿ŭΣ˵˽ơо棬Ȼ֮⣬ﰵľʾζиж֪Ǻˣ
˫ɵؿһۣһĹӣİΣץʱ䲻ʣҲŹӳɺϣ²¼¡˵³ɣ
治ɫ˵ƽӦĺ򵼣ȻҲеͬʹֵΡ
ӦҲ˫һѿʵ֪֪ͻȻƺ½ס˿ڡ
ǣҲȥͷˣƬƺǼҽŵĵ̣ҸӺʹׯ
˫ɼЦݼЩδζҡҡͷû˵ʵ
㡣ɫ̹ȻһЦҽƸ컨ռҼ߷ҽޣǷԸصصǡ
˫źЦѹּҲȣ֪Ҽҷ
𽲻˫˵꣬Ȼؽؿڵԭ壬˵˫ô£ȭôҡ
˫ھ㵣̶ǺΪעľȻӣ׼Σ¸գҲк˫ɭɭȥ
μˣһһε˫˼ҲûץסӣɵЩ鴫Ʈ˫ȵýֱĪ͸񡭡ץ͵ׯʱˡ
˫˫һ٣µ˵ǾͿߡ
𽿴˫ɫһۣͻȻﲻ𣿡
ʲô
Ϊΰ㣿
˫ɳĬ˸ơ
Щ档
˫̾˿ʲô
ôû˵ʵģ
˫ɻͷĿ𽣬¶Цݣթթթͳˣ

̲졢ˮĹƺɽˮɽˮ֮Уһ鲻Ȼ䡣ˮƿͷںҲ࣬ͬĿϵһ㣬Ե˵Լ顣
˫ļٷ鴬塣ޱϸھֹ﷢ЦʱִһЯׯڡ
ˮһ˫ɿһۣ󾪣סʵӣˣ
˳۹⿴ȥͨѩ׵Ŀһ䣺˶˵ı㳵ǱаɽׯҶɡȻΪ⳯ʹŵĶλӳҲ޺桭
˫ɵĵתһ룬ʱװͷβūͣҩ㣬Ҷ˿ӦǲϵԼİƲһ󣬾ʹߴȥӣ
̴Ͻ̸һЩݣ֪ӣ˫ɼΪҪ屡Ʒԣ뽫Ҳԥׯ
Ƭ̣ϢкˣƴʹɫҲʼСͯǶ˵͵ĹĻǶӿ¥⣬֪ڿʲô
˫ɵ̲ס˵˾䣺ЩȻ΢΢һЦһ˵סʶʡ
û˼ô˫ɴ˼ʵ
ׯڽ֮˾ǾɸѡƳѪ֮ɫñϣϸϸʲȷû˼ׯ˵᲻ûǶˣ
˫һһܡ
岻ܽΪĥӣôأҪķܶ࣬ûҪ۰Ͱ͵ظˮƿͷڵ֪ҶҲڴ˴ƣ˽ӣпԤ֪Ҷڴˣȡһʯ֮ƣöӣȥɱ֮ˣ
˫ĵ׹һƬ뵽̴ϵĻܵȷתеκһˣ뵽˿̵αװΥӵҪ󣬴̧ͷ˵ӾͺװɣתתæҶӰȥܷܲʲô˿
˫Ȼǣ޹֮գǶڼƫʱ֪ΪҪ̲סЦΣգǲԸ˻ˮЩ֧˼ɵΪʲô㲻ȥңȥ
˫뼤ȥ¶Цһҵ̣졣ڶٲźۣѵԸΪ赹ˮ˳հһҶӵò
һ䣬ЦһԭҲƤࡱת߿

ɫĺҹʫ黭ˮƿͷһһλױĨŮЦӭӰ˷͡üӯӯ裬ƺҹɫ
ҶڽУɫĮĲɵԴ֮ÿ춼Ѱ˫Ӱͬ¥ʧɫСʹαʱ˻ںޣͬʱҲ˼һʣΪʲôòˣ
ҹҹҹЩĮע˰ΣתС
ڷ磬żǲɢһ㵭֬ϢڶԼŮ԰׽棬ȵطɢɲŵ꼻ҶɨһۣƬ֮󣬶סһӰ
ӣһ۾ϳΪü٣͹µģ˫ȼգҽĿϣƶֺ
Ҷɫؿ
ĵӣˮѩ׵ɴ£绨л΢΢ֱ̧ҶȴӰ涣һϣ

Ҷϳӣӣ˫ȴӣĻ֮䣬ӣ⡪ӣվвȣ֡
ţ˫ɰñС˻УһֱѰӣټǿȥֻǰŮӸίʵӣǰˡΣ̧ͷ˿Ҷݣ˳۹ſ˶ߣҶϳ˾ӣȴӣĿ־ȻŷĹʣԾһȻ
˫΢΢סӣΪ־Ѱתе𺳡ӣ֮ʱҲ಻סһȥ

Ӱƺһ磬ǰζһ£ͲŮӵΡҶעǰͣþδΪ̫𾪣̫ڲȷԼ۾ڸղӰʱ˷ڷеķββĺڷβ
ҶĿӦУһӦУ
ӦվͷȴλеҶûټһҶ˿ڲԣӦмʹۣҲ²óǷ֮£΢΢̾˿򳡡

˫˫ֽ§ӣҹмۡӣɫ԰ף۽ǾӨ£ڳݲ˵˾䣺˫ɣˣһ㡣
˫ɽһתǣ˫ɵѨλʵôǲ˶ȥҪҩ
ӣ̰ע˫ɿĿһԺ̶ͫҹɫһЦŶΣ˻ɣʹҶ廹ǲŹң㵱ȥɱӣֻ֮ǰټһ棡
˫ͷкһըˣЩӣ½󣬴ΪʲôΪʲôҲǣҲǡѵң嵽
˫ɵĺң͸ҹڼžݵػص
סеŵӹ˫ɵ˻
˫ɻͷ˷ֻж𽣬£˫ۿƮ

                  
3.ط


ںףˡ𽶨Ũҹɫ£ҿ˫ɿնҵ˫
˫˲䱻ȥ˹ʣڵһƬʹ֮ɫڰ׷ͫʾһҵˮ
Ľ鮹ҵʬ壬ҸϵʱѾˣһɢǡ𽻺˵ּ꣬һ䣺Բ𡣡
ӣˮҹɫеԣһۣ۾˫ɻع񣬾ƮͻȻ˵ӡ
̧Ӧһ˫ʱɫһס
Ҷҹɫﻺ߳ͬĮգĿȴǰҫۡ䣬˳Ⱦһ˫͸΢΢ҹǲԣеӰ̲ǻ𡢲ݵأǰ˲˼ı˫ۣǺˮףӳڡûһ˿¶ȡ
˫֪˭ƽҶʱŲѩˮ档ʾ⣬Ųĺĳӣһһײļ䡣
ӼȻ׷ȴ޶ԣȻָ˱ԡ˫䵭سһסĲ빫ӡ
漸޷ڡ
Ҷ˫ۣĮߵ˫ɱָգѩָ˫ɲδܣֻǴشضҶ˲䲻գֱ𽣬΢΢޳԰׵ָס۾˵㲻ȻΪֻܿס㡣
˫ɼȲҿӣ಻һͷֻ΢΢ƽҲٴӦʲô㱣֤Ҳܡ
Ҷȵľ仰ջֱǰָ϶£һ˫ɵͷĮ˵ΪҿһΡ
˵󣬸ᱧӣҶɫ糣תȥ
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ǡԭǱаˡĵ׻ϣֻ˫ɱ⡣˫ʹͳ磬Ľǣοסĵ׵ķ꣬
ôܿԽȴգӽӣôôɵͷβû㣬ҵ۾Ҫˡ
仰˫ɣ΢΢Ȱֹԡ
лһƬ˫ɳΪֹƽｿݺĻǽȻͬͺñżȻϷ羰续ɽͣͷһɽѩϪʣζ
˫ɿ԰ݣҲ˲ϵ亹Ų֪ʱҶߡº˵ӣ߰ɣȥʬס

ʬЩףˮźˮζ˫ɴá󿴹ȥֻ˫˿ʲô
ֹӡͻȻƽػһ֪ΪΣҶԹһʣԿӲҪƭҡ
֮ǡ
ǲɱģ˫ʵúֱӣӳɫȰЦݷһ㣬ҹˣγԣ
ƽʱκξ֣ƣƷۻأԵֵ˵һǱ˽ɱʱƶϣֻйܡ
˵úáǰỺǰﻹ屡죬ԣû뵽ֻǹ˼ʱĳ޳ɱ˵ľأ
˫ĬȻһԺΣΪʹӰжϡ΢΢ϹǸȻ﷢衭ʲô벻ˡȥ侲侲
˵˫ɾֱߣԥ˽˺ˮ֮Сݾ㵣˰κŵ̾Ϣһ䣺Բƽزǽթ֮ˣ㣬˵ʵ

ƺƵɫں棬ƻãͬ˼ɾ
ӣ˫ۣĬĬؿǰâ¶ĿաϵеĮԣһգգؿ
˻ʲôԸҶ䵭ʡ
ӣˡĵ׿ɬ̾Ϣ˵˴ңѾ㡣һˣδһ£Ե֮ҲơҴǰ㼸£ҲһЩǴӿڷʵ׳ġ
Ҷһֱĵص˵꣬ƽúлڣҹ
֪ҹɫ߳һˣȫ£ںɫĿƣٿһ񣬹˵кηԸ
ҹϻݣҪǻӼһ𸴡ҶͷĮڻˮϣҪӵ仰һǷ˫˵׼ңڶ

ӰӰϹȥҶ˫΢ţʹ貨΢һĨѩ׺ëƮƮӹ档ļǵظת£ֻϰϰɫû˫ɵӰ
ҶȻתԾһϣɽվ˳缲˫ɡ˫ɡƽ羵ĺһһػصտĹƺҶӿֻţԾһͨһںϡ
ԵƻԻʹѸϳӰǱҶ˺ѷεĺġ߳һλȹҷصŮӣϴžɫĿİʵӡôˡˮƿͷϰ壬ĽţϲԵİҶϳһ
ҶӷػɢŴ£Ҽžһ뵵İɴˮ棬洩͸͸ҹɫȾ½Ҫҿȡ
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źȻþס촽˲ǹҶǰӡΪҶǸĮУĮһеˣ˷˿΢ңﻹһ˿ʿԣ
ŻȴӦ΢΢ҡͷȻ˸Яȥ
Ҷɫ԰ףڷѩҹɫмΪۡ˷৵һ£ͻǰ½ҹ¶˹⻬ڣ˵仰һ仰㲻Ҫĥ㲻Ҫɱҽ˾ҪɱҪϤ㣡ҳ
ֱ˻ʹ࣬һһ¹ɢڷСӦƲɤҵ˫Ҳפ㣬תĬȥ
ҹɫеþ˺ֻǰҵҶֱһƵͶ·ޣسʹĺУѿ˵˲ˣԭ˵㡣һһ߻߿
ϣһתѹɽҶֹ̣󻺻ϥǷϰڹƺǰ֪ۣ㲻뵽ұ㻹Ҫʹ࡭Ȼ㲻ԸңҾͳҵĹ
Ҷϥ£Ȼ֣ݺݳ䣡
ӣУ߳˫ӰסҶƣȵǸʲô
Ҷҡ۾ٺˮߵһݡݷʱеƶס˵¹⣬칫ĿĲ̵ضһΩߵס

˫ˮУĿΪѰҴɱ½֡
̹ǵĺˮӿĿڱǣǵĮѶֱĵףƳ˫ѹõ⡣ں׻ҵؿ˺ܾã˺ܾãոˮ棬Ȼ˵˺е졣
ӣһʹ֣û뵽ҹһʹˡдһһϤĺȻѣҶ
˺ݶ飬ȴУ˰ԵֱӣƵڽںˣ˷ԣһٶؾ޴룬ֱ󣬲֪Ӻʱɵķ˵档
˫ͷϸϸ˼˵Ҷһֱսôĳ˻Ҿֹȫսľͬ뿪ʱ˵һ仰Ҷ˾һͷӣǸױӵ˵Լ˱ӵͣܿסı塣

ɫת˫ɾŵҶǰκȵӣʲô
Ҷߵݺ󻺻ֱӺ棬泤ۣ͸ллˡ
˫ȻҶϲ²صϰǲ֪˵Щʲôأ˿԰ݵգڣӣպĪˡķӡ
֪ͺãֻҷ衣Ҷ˫֣䣬ֽ§סıû㣬ҵˡ
˫̾Ļб۾
ҹڲ̵м両·ϸɴ֦ȴϸɴҪףҪ͸һƬɫ˾ĬãҶͻֿ˿ڣ˫ɣ֡
Ҷ
¹֮ã˫ɳɵػһ֡ 


4.˯


³غңһƬĵСиʯĵطݺɣ״Ƕƺˮ䣬ʯûˮഫʯΪ׹ǣʯɴ˶
˫ɳĬʯϣ̧񷡣µ裬٣翵ּ䣬ˮԵĺ档˸׽һ˵ͥϵӾǵϵһˣزһӵһš
ҶǰżįȻʹԶԿʱû˰ˣ˫΢΢⡣ΪһǹҶϸ룬ı
˫΢һȣʶ㡣Ҷһ䣬ͫ˫ݺݳǷȥ˫󾽣ֱ󷽣һӹգ˫ʸ־Ĵߡ
ûܿΪܲ
ӣ˫Щţڼ϶ﴭϢӣ㡭˫ֱˮûؾ䲻һ˿ʵصľʪĴƬǣҶƴִ
֣÷г𣬲ϵȡϵȵϢȥȵĴѹշתĥѰųڡ
˫ȫȪսţŷҶػƹ󶫺ɺֵֺŭ䣬һֻ΢ָš
ָֻƴ·Թ˻˫żУҶҶ
һ˻̿־
ҶаȵһЦ㣬ֲ֪ͣһ˳˫ɺݺݶһۣһѣѸ
ҶβȻ㲻ܵĿ֮ϣͫײ԰ϴЩǳǳۼ΢΢һЦ˵ɵϣ׽ȻӦߣһֱڱ֮УҸоúԶ
˫Ȼľֹ˵ֻӳŲŲˮ⡣Ҷ󷽷£ְգֺݺݵһڡ
֪ʲôķβƼ䣬һ˱ĵѹλãûǨŭҡҲ¸㣬һǵ˵ӣžžسҷһ
˫ɿˮԲҶתӰһۣʹͷ׼ЩëƤС£Ҳ̫ˣЪЪɡ˫ɲ֪ǳʹŭҲ۴ؿڡҶаһЦץסֱֳۣǰ
˫ŭ޳ܣ֣Ҷһֽ§סȥͷ˫ɴ󺧣Ҷһ幫ӣȻҪʹֶΣҲˡҶ֪ܵسû𪲱˵𶯣ҿơ˫ŭбҪôԶ㣬㿴ϸ
ҲǡҶһֹͣ˶촽ϣǺͿôû뵽˫ȫڵһ˴̵Ĵ⬣졣Ҷ䴥䣬͵͵һЦſӣҿһֱڵ˿ڡ
Ϊһ
˫һԾһɿ⣬粻ضбˮڵûʲô󰭡лӹġҶʯ۹Уֱؿڣ˵պ鿴һ䣬˫ɶ˵䣬¶һֱۡ
еǳɫߵ˺ۣȾʪЩۡҶǳ򴽣֣˫ϸĿ˿˵ѾްˣûʲôҶִƣϡ
˵һҪ棬ձһЩˡ˫ԭأ򶨿ڡ
ҶĮ³֣أ⻬˿ĿϴЩ𺡣˫ɺ޺޵غһ˹ȥҶֱִϸ鿴ɫһ˫ӣԭںڶǹɽһͫʵѩףŻҺֵӡ˰Σϸĵ˵
˫£֮תһĮƵϢѩеңĵ΢΢̾˿Ʈ죬ˮɳ˫ŶϷس񡣡о仰һδ˵̫࣬Խ󡯣ǰϺֵõˣ㲻ңһɲҵĳŵ
˫յļ˾ϣɵϰԣнķ
ҶöĻɽĿľ˵˸ᣬ⿪˯׹ڡϸ˵ÿһ仰һûκα顣
˫ɼҶѵôЩ̾룬ֻļ޷˵ڣֻ辶ǰһ顣
̲ʴϵͨЩ⣬ϸԵ֪һԵɡ½ֽڶ½̴棬ˮףĶߡ
ľľ˯ɫıɴҶֱǰĬ˻ص֪ˣЪЪɣЩ
ֹӡ˫ɿɬ˵һգƺ֮Ѳ˸ϵ
˫ɡҶؽ˿ڣ˵סңﲻҪ˵κ顣˫Цһ£ĵʵЩˣ鹫Ӷൣɣȸˡ
ȥ
ҪȥϢˡ
Ƭ̻֮Ҷ̧ЩŮ˽еôѵ
˫ľګЦЦ˵Ҳ˯š
ҶתĺǼӣǶ㣬˫Ͷʱ죬ǵŰȷڲסʲô䵭ȴ˹ǧоҪ̣ɵ˵ɽĺĶģǰ˽ˡ
˫͵һתۿ
߹ͣפĵطҶڣ˫ɷӦֽӵ˯ɣһл᲻һ ָȴĳ䣬ȻѨλ˫ɵҶҼ硣ȵؽסӣ˫ֻɫˮؾʯϡ
Ҷϴһر㣬ͬһ㣬˫ɰߣ֫˯ȥ˫ƻӵһĬĬ£һżƣϸϸĦ
ҹĻӰϰϰһƬλ財ҹؾɫˮϣüỺĲĴ֮価Զȥ֮ʣҶ΢ͳһɫĽңƽ̯ġ
ѺֵΨһ֮Ųµ˫תĽҡɫ棬͸һ㣬ʾ˵硣
Ҷ׿˿УЦЦ
ϵȻôǧ˿Ƶϵ˫һĴˣʵϾˮƿͷĵһڻ֪ٱҶ˫תԹӦ˵ɢʱ
˵ۣ˫޷ֳ֮ȫ⡣
Ҷƽʯ棬˽еˣ§СȥǿʱҶӰ涣ЩǰµĻ䡣˫ɶԿľ˵һ仰ᶨ§ȥ
Ըʱ

˫ξ˯üȣ̫˵Ƴˮһӿ֣ϣǵŨŨıˣƴƬƬѩڰڻдʶȴѲֻϽüͷأ΢µĴëỺĽꡣ
Ҷͨ뿪˷ᡡӦֶüͷҶӭȥѷԸϰס˺ʹ´ͲӰ
˳ȥһ·δڡ
УʷȻҶһӵľ£Į˼װ塣װسźڵɨһۣ֪һҡ֮䣬ӦȿڣĿֻһ٣ΪΣ
ЩԾҶͻȻҩˮΪ֮ףΪҲ̫ˣЩֵá
Ϣأ
ҶƬ̣صͨξִﾣ棬ǧ̸ףңһҸֲͬ;ת
Ӧʵ˵Ƿ̴ֵǱɽһǣ
ǡ
İԵͣԳӦп˿ȿڣ˰ԵҲṩ֮Ļҩ֪Ƿǲ˽ܣ
ҶĬΣͻȻʵӿϵУ
˵˴ϻɣĿһõĶ˶٣ҶȴģӦֻüʣŴĿǰӰѵºʲôϵ
ǹؼҶ֣䵭ȻҲƽеܡ
Ӧһ˵Ȼֵ̬ҷͷжΣ
Ȼ
ӦȥַӢٸ·ӢЭ͢μӾۻᣬ׼빫Ӹһ£³֮صϡںʹһ˽ͻط
ҶδĬ顣תʣһƵϼҪƲ㣬ʱתȥһ·ųرص齽Ҷֱ˴ᡡ
˫ɫƽƽڴ侲˯ȥ֮ʱһģһҶǰ˯òһתֽƷ䡣
Ȼòã˫˯ǲЩԣͷ­΢΢£ʶػ£ࡣ
˯ҲôйоءҶЦһԾϴӲ£ɧһҲȻ˯ȥ

                  
5.


ɵ߹ϸģ糱һлǧɫһҹ֮ű˴˼ϣ˫ɵʶɽˮ졣
Ҷİûô־õĹЧ˭˯֮ʱÿ˫Ĵιͻ¶ÿиصļѹұϣ֪Ը۾ξƺ˺ܾãĿİٲά裬ջһ﻽
峿Ե˵ĺƽ˫һԾ𣬷紵½Ųѻװ硣Թƹߣװ󷽣˳ĵͦƮݡ˫ɵͷһۣ뵽Ҷ߻֮¡Ϊ´һ
βжֹǰѧǣһ׵ŵĹ͢ʽ

겻֪ȥһ緽⻰˵ίʵ˫ɶ΢⡢ȵ˵񡣼ѣȻʵǰʧŽѵδȥһǰҶ
ڼǰҹ̸һػرл⣬ԭϵһʱһʱպӦ䡣ȻҶҡڲ˯֮Ȼ̵ִɱˡ뵽˴˫һԼģһЦõضϴ
Ƭ֮ԳЦЦһ費ģ߳˷ԺＫΪҲ֪˴ڻȣֻͤͤʹӵĹӭ£һһǰС

Ҷ˫ɴ󷽵ȥ̲סһ
˫ѭȥҶ̴ľ䣬ǰȴĿʳ˽ȥ
ӡ˫˳ػ۾ʳҶƽĽգʾ¡˫ҲŤ󣬴󷽷£Ըϯ
˿㡢Ӱǳڶ嵭ӦоУȫݷζҶ̽Ѱһ⣬˵˯ÿɺã
á˫ɷƣزò磬ﰵһ֡
ãԺһл㡣
˫ɽһԥسǰܽԲҶĬ˰ΣͻȻ㡣
˫ɷδţƳԵü죬һ󣬲ʵʲô£ҶĿɨһʣ˲иļ˼ѳ׵Ĳ𷽲õӣɵѿ˵ţĵ
˫ɫƽϯҶǻָϰҲԣץסͳȥ
˫һҶʹָһһסƣקУһ·ϱֳǰߣϵķݡ˫ﾪŭ˼ӡӡ޹ֻһĽס
лҪú˵˫ɳﺬ档
ȸ״Ҷ䵭ؼЦһһ·ؽСԺԡ
ķСԺľҡӰӳ֯ϸĴ鲼ϸϸβɭɭ˴жվſֱ֣ʵЩ֣
ʵ֪
֮ǰС׵˫һ뿪ݣȷ֪ȥ˫ɵĽͣҶʵҵô
ҿ뷨ʲô£
ҶǷǣϢԴֵãЩ䵭˫ִٸʵߴ٣Ҫ֮򵥵˵˵
жԲô˫ɳ綯Щ𾪡
СҶ䵭ص
˫ɴɫһۣƲסʵʲôƲߣ
Ҷ˹ȥ˫˳һŷϪ֮зʯҰӣɫڣٲһλּʿϰźڰӣ΢У¶ԲľӨ
ҶȻһĮͬɽˮӦ͵ˣôžôš˫ɿֲɫǰһ˹ȥӺġ
֪ϲҶ̧ЦղƫƫҼǣȻ뿪Ҷʱ߼ҵס
˫ɫ糣ΪȻ£뿼Уҵôȣǻʧ
ʲôùңҶģ˵ƽûʣҲܶ˺ֻܶǲʱˡ
˫ԾģݳԤ¡Ҷֹסֱ˫˵ȿɢģ¾ƣҲźķǲ˫֪ԣ˶ƽصĻôġδ䣬ҶһЦԺΪ֮ʧɫѩɽӳ˰ƵѤġȻҪ£販Щͷ
˫ɴѩ֪Ҫֱֱǹ²ٺӦԣ뽲Ҷſ̲ס͵ӣ˵˾͵޸ҡ
˫ûзݶ̣֮⣬˫ɳСҶȻĴʲ⣬üͷʲô罫ֲҵĻ飬˳͢͵ʥһճס
ϢԶκը˫ĿɿڴãȻĿǰаӶһءҶɿŲڴŵЦһֱտ˫һҩ֪㰮Сļƣʮþȣʱ𲻴ӦҽŰʾ֡Ϊ˴ٳ׮£һһЩ֮ǰ񣬵Ȼٲѡ
˫ɻع˵ΪҵԸһУ
ҶЦݺһػصˡ
Һʱȹӣ
Ҷ÷֣˵໺ҵôãѾ͹ˡҶĿһƶ˵ɲҲŽִ֮ߴ㣬ѵ㻹뷭ˣ

㣬ĵСԺȻ񺬳ˮ顣
˫һֱˮҶͷ
ϸ֯һư׳ξ֯ûհǸԵĮաԶԶȥҶܵϷŲ԰֮⣬˫ƽĲϹճīɽˮ֮ɫ
ݺύ̣˼á
壬±ĪǵؼɽˮжðͬС׵ЦҪκĻͬϾˬν֮ƫƫҶƣԸȥҲҪǰΪһöӣݺص֣ˡһִϸϸĦǶ߲
˫ļ́ȥһǰİҶ
Ҷ򣬲԰ϳһĨɫ˫ɣһҪҸ𸴣۳ɷұڹ֮սǰİ
ûвջֻ⴫Ĳã죬һϸˮƵ̶棬˲ĲˡīͫʽȻнŵǹɳƵĺɫһһͻؾۼͬգ˲þҪγʹĺ
˫һϣĿ͵ؾסЩŹƴʹԥִӣ£Ҷʵеӣ𲻴Ӧûʲô𡣡
ƶҶһ졣
˵кܴ𡣡ҶղģĿ估ϣұƵ̫ͻҵ֣ҡͻֹһЦһ侪޾׵Ļٲ޸ңҿﲻסˡ
˫ɵһЦ棬Цδ£ָȻһһöָİסҶǾЦգ΢΢ףصһһۼƫҶ˿ϡ
ӦԣҪˡ˫ƽ˵
һ˿ϸϸѪѶӣҶ죬֣֮žκҲ಻ס˫ĮĴݺȥ

徭ƣʧһӣĪʧһȡ
˫ɲ²Ҷո߳ǰӣ֡һϲΧ壬֮ʱʮֵľ񣬼سս֡
˫ɵüͷҶԵüΪУӼ죬ͻһçǵĽط۶ߡ½Ǻñ޷пǶڵ½ĵһվһ·ǰֱɽׯ·;˷ֱִϽǾ档ǰ˫עʱ
˫һȻʣ֪岼鹥֮սɵðסÿһ衣ֺͻȻЩӷƱǧССһսҶֺǹ˫ΪأȻɫ׷Χɱ̧ͷ
Ҷ䵭ɨһ˫ɿյͷ­ʲô£͡õδָ̱߲ࣺô
˫̧ͷãȻʵʲôȻȫ֣ɫʴ״
Ҷ΢׵ĴǣɫĮ˵öһӣ㹻ܶˡ˵ţȥ͵һա
˫δֻ֣ǳһӡҶӦһӣ䣬ȴǹƱͷ˫ɣô˯ʱҲ˿
˫ڱ𴦣ĵشʦСʱѵģҰڱ΢һ¾͵ðӡ
Ҷ˵֮Ĵţû뵽Ȼᷢ˫ϡ
˫ɵʦ÷ӢΪ𾴵ʦΪѵ˫ӦǿӲҪƽ˯ԱСЩԲ뵽üĿСŮ֧ŵӡһƬɬڿҶãտһϡ
Ҷ˫ƽոʯĮһ˫ںͫȴ˫ɲ̧ͷӹһۣ۽ɨؽڷ׵Ľʮָޱصͷһӡ
ˡ̲ػһ
˫ס򣬽סڿڴ
ҶĮشһۣ˵΢ƣﺬڽ˫ɣѵ֪Ҳ£
ʲôֱʵ
ϰӦ68Ӧ41ôһźӣס˫˵ȻץؿڣһӴ̽ǧֻܺ֡
˫һڣŵ񣬿ֱԸҪ䰡ӡ
ҶһЦ˿ӣ˾һ񣺡˵ȥ˭ţ̫˵֮ˣ巵³ִսǶҵĶ֣ССѾͷʤң
˫ܣδϵȴǻ߷ɳڱһ죬¶£˸˫˫࣬΢΢һЦ
Ҷ˿ЦݣͻȻʵ˫ɣɻǵǷһ仰
ʲô⣿
Ҷ˹ȥҪңʲôԭת˶ҵ̬ȡ˫˳ҫ۵ĹâǶںڵͫʾԲӲֺ˫ɿһȻĿݣƲƲǣ΢о֮ˣ䵭طȥ
תҶʮֲ⣬ĿԶȥıӰȥӣ߬ġ
ǿӣպ˫µĵһӡ
˫˰ٲɫ粻Ҷǣ޷˵ڣֻĹսһƣŭ˵һô졣
ǰһصĹһĻ쵰ܽô죿

                  
6.


գѬůȫѩ׵Ʈ۵糸رڹٵϡֻլϡе¥ӹһƬϸʯңң
Ҷڳ͸ʣī˿ƺӳĮ֮ɫϸܹУת׿˯˫ɡ
Գеһ˫·;εȴȵؽǣƱ복װΣĿϢ
˿̣˫ɲϢӢأԴ˳˯İ
Ҷ˽ƣͻȻֺһƹȥϡ

ϣǰͣɵĸ⣬ԯӦ֮أ붫ԶǰǶ֮ıаɽׯ
һͣȣ˫۾˫⣬峺ﻹһ˿˯İƻҶһЦץڣװã
˫ٿһڳ˳ᣣӰһڳԯǰӣ롣˿ȱýݣСͶ֡ɾ䣬εԯ⼸΢ۡ
ǰǰӼݵĹԱūͣɢڵأǿ˵Ļ䡣Ӧдڲԣ̧ʩ񣺡ӡ
Ҷ˫󣬰ʹĮƮ¡˫ü壬ͬ˽ȥ۹ɨӦк󱳣뵱ǰƻǰƲ
УӦǲ˶֣׿ʮѷ·Ӣؽ·½ϸݣԲߡ
Ҷ󲻶ʱȴ³һ֣ҹ
תһˣϢ˽ựһǿҹվ񣬵ȺӶʱˡ
ٽϢ˵һ顣ҶԸ
΢΢˿ڵҹ𣨱а鱨֯ѻ֤ʵּһӣֱǳţ𽣬𣨵ޣǰּչؾ޵ɽ˺˲ڽ߶
Ҷ΢һӣҹ¡
ûô򵥡Ҷ䵭Ƴһվ˫ɣֵӣ֮տ𽣬µһ
Ӧ㵣ѿڶԵ˵ôƽǣ𽡣
ҶĿɨ˾ݣڣиֹϰһ֣һһЦʱܹƻֶԵ彫ɱɴ˿ɼĻ͡
˫ɴһЦݾȻնģҲǲƽؿҶƻЦݣĥöһʱ֮䣬ЩЦõĴ֮С뵽˹ƣȷδմһ˿ǣɵͬҶ˵ǣ֪ΪΣʹʵݺҲ޷Ǹֻڼ΢Ȥ
˾˫뷨ҶĽۣϰ֮󣬻𽥸ıϰݣ֮һ۸ӦӣŶ϶һ㼫ΪҪҶһתĿӵǰ˫ѰӣֽɱԶ϶ָʹҺ֮˵ģֻԡ
˾Ӧתͷʵ˵Ҳڹƺ
ԲڣӣͻӦܿ϶һǱԭ
Ǻ
ӣ˷зŮѲ⣬նֹ֮ʫʸ踳ĵ˿񵯳ʮ˰ͨҶĮ޼һһϸϸҲ꣬ʵ
˫΢΢һЦȴѿڵˣ
ֻһ㣬ͽСʮӣԭ뽫ͯ學٣δϵСɳд̿Զԭ׷ɱ
ֻ֮ӦߣһֱѯҶϡɰء˫棬Բɰؿ˫ʱЩԾԾԵ֮⣬תӹӱһЦٶ
ϢģĿ޶ӦüţѷԸֻСö飬ûлټҳ»̼
Ҷ䵭Цһѻ˰иס𽣬ɰҹѰڶǼȻôߣ϶಻סһͻᱩ¶١
Ӧóһȫͼ̯ڼϣҶȥΧ顣˫һ̸ĵŲӳȥһҶϲʵȥ
ȥһ£ӲǻȥѰô
ݣ
ԹӼȻųпҲ˴
ҶͷٿֻĮ˵һʱһҪҰƹ
˫΢һ񣬲һת뿪
Ҷ̧ĿӰԶ֮ͻȻȥűץ
űǽһֿտգߡвΪ֡˵Ů飬˼ӰЩ֪ǹΪͻץˡҼǵǰ깫ӻȡƽҲ˴ˡ
Ҷһۣ³ʱſǸɫСǡ
ȻԾ⣬Ƭ̻˵ӣѲСӰ

ռغƣнӸãͨ˴ԵüΪ١ַǷ۴αȣԻͷ꾩ֺ˫ͣͣ˿ɴֽϯᡢɡζڶ̯λһ·̬Уĥڹۻ͡
˫ɿƲɰһֱβĻŮ̡˫ԲԲӵɵôģҪһǰǸɫӰ
ǶűʢֵĴźһ·ԯװѾߵȴҶĵû뵽ղ粽İ֣ȴ˸ݵİŮӣʵƣΪֹȴ죬űʮֺ棬βȥ
ߺУĿĵֵ̼˫߹һֺתһĲڡĵбڳխϣӭչһȦѹѹӰΧڲڣˮйͨʱȲ֮űɧظ˴һɫøףΪ˫ɱȺ⣬عˣǹŮӵɬֲǰóȻѯʣֻѹŷվԶԶġ
˫Ĭؿ˰Σת뿪űһһϲ˭֪˫̵߽һ¥¡űҲ಻סһسȥһһơ

ƣԶ˫ɵˮδŭһյɫͨ͸Ĳˮҽ˫ɣγƺ
űűãͿڿʣҲһ²豭ͻԣеСˣ֪ں棬ĥ䣡
űɤĴͷ׷ײĿ˺¶֮ɫűɬȻ£ܾ´˫ɼ΢΢һЦŹһ·лҪ˵ˣҲȺȲȥȥ
űںԲһɣ˫ɲɫԼѼˣһ⣬һֱ㣬ֲǴʲô⡣
ǺǣպãҲи̶Ź롣˫һյ裬ֹԼöűһͣصӸгĹȻô˹ĵˡ
˫һЦµڶյ裬űѯʣˬ˵ҶӸеˣźӣղڽתתֻ̽һЩϢﲻҪ֡
˫棬ͲһС겻ظ΢΢²֪Եɡⷬ˵ؽ⿪˶űţûڡ
Ź˫и֮롣˫ݶעӶűȻ˵
ű˫תתһЦ⣬Ҳ¡
ˣֻҵһ
űĶʲô
˫ɫȻͬ˳ĺɽͣеĹһһϨ𣺡ﲱϵǸˮӡ
ʱֵģűˬƮƮӻȹ¶һذϸĲһλξӨ͸ˮΪۣ䣬ӵײиӣһϸϸŸСֻҪŮӣӿϲ
űһ⣬ɫżӵѹģɶ칤ޱȣѹôҺϲ
˫ɿ޷
ǰƷ֮һ¹⣬ֻֻˮϵ͹ȥʷ޷ԲĶűڣֻתԴųˮĽֵ
׷糱ӳ֮´Ž⡣泩΢紵˴Ȼ⣬˭Ҳ޷Ԥջᷢʲô˴ҴңԱ˵ǰ̡
˫Ҷĳŵ¹ȥӰ΢ЦˣȻͶŹԵҾͳ֮׷ֻ֣ѹϵСѱãʱⴵ죬èʲôĸŹ˴ˡ
űע˫ת伫ĿЦݣһЦ˫ʩ뿪˲¥

                  
7.


ԵС飬ҺڡͽڶľʱҵҲϧûڼķʱܱʶѣԡж֮ƵȻҲ⡣
ֱʶűֻ˵űӳ̫ˣšӡ죬ȷŵʲô
ݻ켣ķգһ·βű˫ɿӣﻹ˵ֱݣܷʦֻû뵽·ķ󣬾ͽѰʦһ⡣
ķﳳ죬Ǯûһö־˼ԴⶼǺ۵ͬ࣬ǸƤݵẺʱŶǿۡ

˫ףصŶ˿һӡ
һ˵Ҫһ߹ԹԽҪԷūһءķﾭһЩϡŹֵҪֶĵ𣬸Ͳܾ
˽һµµҡ󣬿ĮС
Ҳ֪Է˭һֱԡ㡱ƺڹĵֻ࣬˶ׯϸƶС
һЦұ󡣡ָ׼ƿӡ
һϸ΢ָ紩͸ָ䣬΢΢̧ÿ˷ƣָ粻һ£ͬƲԹһָѱ䡣
ĿӲǽ𣬼Դľ֮ɫȴôҲβˡע˺ͣ㣿ȴ䲻ݷһ˲䣬ֿ̧һһСƲԻĵӰ

ЩϸС֮䣬˫˺Ϣ߽˼ӲĲһλεŵŮӣɵöĿۡ
ˮ̶˫ͫƽɫ΢΢⣬ЩһĲʹ䣬޳ָڻ谵ӵİ֮У̤ǰ޺Ůһ·ķֲˣһ·ĵ͹𽡣
𽡣
ֲϵ˫ɻϳ˫޽е֮ȡųأ߾ͬϤѪУ˫һ۾Ϳ𽡣Ҷ˫ɣ˫ɶ𽣬ǳ޷ƫִøС
𽿴˫ɵĿ⣬߬߬ƣʲôϵ
˫ɷų񼫾ãʱѻָƽȣӡ
Ϊʲôͻһ
ֹЦʦΪʲôҡ˫ʾ⣬ֻ˳˹ȥվ
˫Ŀܣסֵ࣬΢΢һЦӣҸղûпӮ֣Ȱӻ˼УҪóȻ֡
֪ʦԣȻѾãմȾΣҴ²ϰԣͷԺһϲ
֪һ𽣬ݸӵ𽡣

ĵһ۾ϳֲ֣ϵ
ֺ߶ǾɣȻÿ˶ڲͬص㣬Ϥ˻رȻᷢĳȺֲϸСڵָ
ķ飬Ϊֵĵطӵԡҽ֮˦ҶİڣԳ˷ľṦĪһ·ͣظϵ
˫ֻ֣ҪģûܷݣȻ㣬ߴ˸·ֶС
һԿҶĵϣܴŵץˡ˫ɴӲ¥̸˽⵽ķ򣬵ڶеĿǰ֪Ƿ񱻾ˣҶ˫ɶ֪ǣһȫĵ˳סŲ

˫ɿ۾ճĿ˵ӣһݴɽˮ˵һպټѳΪ·ˡ
¾棬δ
ﰵʾ΢΢һ̾ɫƣ飬ֻǹֱؽڷףӳﴦ˫ĬĬһ£ס֣ǰ˳ȥͬʱǰỺ޷硣
˫ɼʱعĿվһۡ

һɨտĵĻƣۡӰ⣬ߣ˰ѺڨڨһЦɣˡ˶˵һָǿģҲŷ˱
ķиϸܵġִ֪˭ˣпϲӾƣûʧ˿̼˫ɫЩȻѧղֺõشȥ
˫ת΢΢һЦǲʲôǴӱа͵ѧģѧұ㴫ڸ㡣
ֱ죬ɫ΢ס˫ĬĬؽֽǶߣ˻˵֪к棬ЩҪ㡣
ֿ˿˫ɵĲͻȻɣûʲô󰭡ʵһֻЩûڡ
ʲô£
˵֮ǰʵңǸ֮䵽ô£
˫ɿԶĲ񷡣Զӹʣ˿˿Ʋʣɢɼ״Ƶ̡عޱȼᶨ˵ûʲôȻҶģ˵ֻ
ֶ˫ɵ̹ʮ𾪣һζĲֱףһʱ֮زת˫ɶչˣƶ˵һ˵ҲİҼǵ뿪ҶǰһҶӴ˰޵ġ˼
˫ͣפ˽ŲԶܡӰģ岼¥ݺύĺӵһޱȻżЩԶƳβԭǴ˻ػζ
ڳʱЩͣʶж˫ɵ鵹ǲһٳԵƯ֮࣬²ԥˮˮ޹Ŷͷɽ˼ƣƣ޵ʱʼݡ¥
˫ʧЦ˵ͻ١ĵҲ̫ˡ
˱߲б콻̸һֱϸϸ飬Ͼʱ̧ĺڷ滽ɣͷϵƯӰӫӫѡ
˫Ȼַ˷˿
һֻĺգʹԡ˫ֻڷУһҡҷľ
Ӱ˫Ŀɷĺ׵ҶˣȻֻһʱ

ԶԭȴѲӰټݿֵƬ֮ͬݰۣɢһ˿̡ǿӿͨëӳ룬պɫƵ۷
ͨ⣬һ㱼˫ǰȶͣ£ʿܣϥ£쳹ٷ˻ظ
֣ɼƽصľ
˫ɨһ˿Ȼ͵ؿ˫۴͵֣⹫ӵ
ãȻҡҡͷƾ
ʿ˫һק󣬺ʣҶأ
һʿݣ̧׺صӽӵ뿪
˫ɫһáԾγ·ȥ½Ƭ̲ӰԶԶأһ䵭Ȼظ
ָߡ
лλ֧֣ڶ൫ã˸ϵҲģлл:-)
ӰǿģԾľ΢ĸ˸顣ƻ̲ס

Ҷǡһ˽°һСֶ膪¡̫֮ǿˣľŲгܺǳ
˫ɣǡǳһԸҹӡײԶھءȷ

Ĺӣ
ѩ彣ľ֣ûǶѩӵдҶһģǲſȥ顭ΪҶżͶ֡Ҳϲһˡ
ѣаĵǫǫӣ֡
ⳤ䣺˹ӣµһŮϺҶͽܼӣݳһȹһ
磺ľֵ֡ĲǽĹ۵㣬ϲ˫ɡ档

˳Ĺؼ
Ҷͽܼӣʼɳһ
㣺˫ۣһֵ䡣Ҷܹһǰׯйų
𶫸ҡûô񣬵ܶԣԤԼҰɡΪһ
¶屧Ŀǰûȫạ́ǿһȥκ£ͷβֻһ֡
СףΪ˰ηˣӵġĸʦҩΪصذһСݡ
ӦУľڴˣԻйǡ
ޣãԸĮ˵˭ᡣ
ģСˣһݼڣá
ǣķ֮һ
ˣһΪҶļƻ
ߣΨһҴ֮ˣд˲²Ҷϵ𰸲ǡ
ѩצɡ˫ƹķ֮һ
㣺Ϸ䣬ĳȣǹ¶δޡ
ţ֮һҶֵܡ
Ͼ裺ХĿԸͬС졣ϲ˫ɣСף͡
Ͻ𡢶űۡ

Ҷǣǣǹ¶ˮܷ𣬻Ϧ˫루δˣ
үӣϪ򡡣
ո߳ˣѾһ𣬶־

                  
8.ץ


̵Զʵƣ޷סԯԺκһ˵ߣǶؿµİ¹ӣҶ
ҶһδظĿӵ©Ŀûκα飬̶۷嫺Īɫ󣬴һɳƿףĮ˵һ䣺ݴɽˮǾԸ
˲⣬ĲӰҶβ˵֣ӣΧ𽼰ˮ
㷽ŴӸݣ˿Ź䲻ǹȥ
Ҷǰɭɭɫ׾ָʴ

ķߵĶĳǮ󡢻Իͽ˵ڶķ£ʮɹĴֶδǽһ˿Ѻۣ֪ļӲι̡
Եɽǽ룬񴩹һֽǰ㣬ɵسڶͽǰʱ˶ۣõ絶еǽԫȣһۿķжӣ糾䡣
Ҷʤѩ䣬һ˿ǶδɢźıϢƾյĽ׽ȴݱҡ
΢΢չ䣬һϸƷʱдİױڷ̳
ķʱããӳ˫ۡ
ֹȥ𽣬Ҳѣɢӿ
𽲻װɶĿ͵ˮǲվڻУҶĿ˿Ҵ⡣
˲ϵĿˣ᲻֪˭οʴλԴ
ǰжŵ˶˵ֻҪҶŽû˸
𽻹Ƕˡ
ӽҶ΢΢һЦ󣬷ǽڵһ̣ƮԶߴ
Ҷ³֣峡

˶ʮṦΪһǱĶշѣԵĿࡣ
ɰ㴩ݼϿʱȴЩɡĲδ֮ˣ˿κϢһֱӰΡ
ָʣסȥ··
ವһңתҶȰϢѸյ𽡣󾪣ߣƮƮòӰֻ¶һǡ
ҶһΣڿ֮ʴ𽣬ݣѵδϸ룿
ɭɭס
ҶֳֽĮ˵Ҫץ㣬Һαصգӡδϣʴʢ𣬽ľ
εҪۡ
ϱֵ֮ľȻ㵹һƬһƬɽ֮ۼȽɨһƮ
һ
ҶֻֽŹȴʵʵᵽˡ

Ҷǵش̳صסʺ⴫𽶯ҲδƮķ˿ڽϡ
ѩ̺ʤѪȴǴëϷ
ҶĮתΣһɱͫɫӡüĿУǧĻġĵӰ𽣬˵㣬ôҿһϷ

״а棬Ը⣬ֻĮѺķ񣬵²ܹƻ󣬴ⲻһ
Ҷʴ˿Ҳһ˿
֮䣬ҶɭȻڣҹ㡭˫ɿü
˫һصּ䣬΢΢ζ϶ʱѪۡϸܵѪ˳ʴ䣬һһڲҶϡ
ҶƣһЦվˡ
ЦҲͱڵĹºƴߴı絶е˱ëȻ΢תԣ΢΢Ц
˫ϸϸĹߣһһĬ߽Ҷ

Ҷ¶ǣ˫ɵȷˡ
֮ǰͲϣ˳϶ֻû뵽˽ͬһ㣬ڽעĶ
˫ι𽣬˼ϸܵƶϳ˫һ޵Ӳʱ˳°鿴˵ķӦ
һ˫ɣҪǰݵĿеǸʲô
ڶ𽣬Ƿ˫ǰ˳ǷԾ
ԼĶ֣ƶԷʹõǡӱļƲߣֻĿǰ޷ƶǱסʲô
Щ뷨мڶ˫ݣעһУϻӽ

̧΢΢һЦºͬڼҸסĴ磬˿δʺºĽ
ҶֺȣͰ棬δһΡ˫ɿֻƽոݵ֣ȻɾȽָ޳԰סؿֻ֣վҶһչ˫ۻӵҶ
Ҷһʴ̳΢÷㡣
嵭Ʈ졢ת˫ɼйĮζڸػ˵ı仯ЩϸСĹĶ΢һ
Ŀƣ˫ʹرȴĨȥ˫ɳٻ磺ӣͬ˸Ǳ˹ѪЩۡ
Ҷɫһ䣬͵ش̳˫Ԥرסӣʴվ׼ͷĶǡƵؿһʮָҲ֡
ҶʴĮ˫ɣҪô
ֹһ仰ǿˣҪŪǺԭ򡣡
˶ûпڡ
˫ɽӷڰɫϣ˵ֹӣңҪ㵹£ܷסһ첻
ԵüΪ𾪣ɫ԰׵Ҷ󣬿ϧ˫ΡҶ΢ü⣬ָ䣬˫ָ뽫Լǰ
˫ɽʸ󱳼ȡůһ㣬ҵֳèͷӥȴʢ棺ּжбĸֹӣ𣿡
Զľն˵ǡ˵ֽӵҲʶ˭èͷӥܿ϶㣬ҸǼأϰṦ
˫ʹסҶ˫ƣؿڣͻȻͺһߣ
ƣ򣬼Ҷһۣչδ˳ȥϧؿһۣΪһʱ䡣
ҶʮɹʴƿնǵɫıӰ˿ֻһӨ飬żȥ
һ㾪衱ֽŮлɱΪϣӳ׷Ҳ⡣
ȥס˵˫ɣδϵóᴩļΣһöĻѨӸ߿˺¡
˫תݣҶ˵ĿݣΪʲô
ҶŲæһЦޱĵǿհ嫣Ĵôܲ¡˫ɵĴúܽʱ֮͵ȥ´ٱҵʱ򣬱ô
˫ҲҶĵʴʣѪա

͵ڵأ졣Ҷקס˫ѵ󣬿һۣ飬ʮ˿Ҳˡ
˫סͷŹһ£βǿӲֶΣֶһݹģͻĥһ֡
ĵ̾ϢǰĮ
ľʢïֵļһƬдУȾ֮ɫʤաľ֦Ҷڵס⣬϶߲߰ˮϸ˿ſĮӳúӰãĨ۵׵ļӲ֮⡣
˫ɿҶ˫ͦü壬е۷֫ٺ߽һԥؽӵػ
Ҳֻ˵һ飬ħˡôǫŵˣΪʲôֻ㣬ȵĵʲô
Ҷ䵭˫ȴսı˫ɵ˫ĲϣһǣȻ϶㣬ҾԲģҪѵȥˡ


9.


粻̩ɽҹܲ˵èͷӥһСҹľԲĿɭֽУΪ𷡢룬ɱܳ
èͷӥ羭ۿ׷ɱ˫ɻ뿪Ҷӣᶨ𽣬ֻӲҪЮ˽ԴּҺˣҲΪεΪС
Ҷ˫ӿͣһңԶĻеĺ£Ҿ֪ûô󷽣ңסҵѨλ
˫ɲδͷڷסգֻĮ˵ӣɵô˵
ҶճƬ̣俪ڣ֮ô򵥡
˫΢΢ζһ£ǰУ˷Ѵ࣬Ƕţ١
Ҷ˫ִ䣬µ裬紵г¶ǵۡĮȻֱǰڸܷʱ΢΢Уȴû˵˱Ĵͦθ߹ľ䵭
˫˫ֲͣص𽼸ѨֹѪֻһ˺ݵӣֵܵһش
䵭ĿͻƤûеɪһϽֲ֮ɫ屩¶ǰ԰׶ʱ˿ΰɾǲһ¡
˵Ǻε
ĥΪΣػʴΪǰᣬƴ
˫΢һ׼ְҶ˫죬ͻһȣס֣
˫ɻͷҶĿѲȻɫеĺ̳ĹսģģѪĲ̡ĵ׳̾һСĵؽ㱳վ
Ҷһȣֺγ˽һĿǰһһʮֹؼȲԸҶܣ಻Ը䱾ضԸ𽡣

Ӱ߲д̣쳣žǧ䵭Ҷ˫ɳĬ࣬һס˼ȴ糱
һʵ
èͷӥĶ򣬻ϲèͷӥһǵúƱᣬпһʱŶ˵һ仰ټһХҵ㡣
ˡ˫ܲסѿڶϱһİ¹ӣעұ㲻ġ
Ҷ䲻֪䣬ܲ²˻壬һЦĮѩ׵ûκα顣

ʿ˷תԯҶ뿪ʱ˫ɲԸ£ڿֻ֣Ҫ
Ƭ̫֮ҽϢֹӼζŽ˺ѣǣպշȴд󰭡
ꡱһ˫ɫ԰׵ӷ֣վݺݵһ䣺Ϊ˼ʵ
̫ҽĵص˫ɫת磬˵κ˲ýֹηСֻ֪ôˡȻ󹰹Įȥ

Ҷ˴£˫ɼԥ⣬סһͬǰĵ¸ڣ˫һֱĬһ࣬һˮҶҲδᣬµϢ¶粻һ˿̣ʦǱ򳡵⣬Ϊ䷿óһ̶ˮ
˽ǰ·ƾֻĽֽͼ˼ƶϡ
ǰԭ½̸֣߸ɫ䣬Ҳ˸֮ᣬ˲СĻңӦƶϴ˾Щ۷ڸڱͼ
ҶѲƽ̿ȫͼ˴ʵҪһҪʲô
󡣡΢³ģ£ƶصСˮ޷ɰʯҶ϶ǲô
˫һδ
ЩҶδ̧ͷĮӵܽΪҲԵˡ
ѵֻһĿӦнһ䣺Ǳ𽽻ûУ
ܲڡҶ˵꣬˫ɾͱ۾Ƶؿһ
Ҷת׿һۣ䵭˵ӻǵ̴𣿡
ǵãӻ϶ϢԴм٣
ˮô׵֮ףʮа˾űɱڡҶ̧ĿʱҹʣеĶҡ̴һϵĿǰ˴һߣҾ䡣
ӦгȷЩ֡
֮䣬ҶĿ˫ɣʵǷ֮£˾ҡͷԣۼ˫üͷֿڻ˫ɣÿһȥתƣһ֪Щʲô
˫ɫ԰ףĬͳϣת¡
һҫɲڶĿ𣬰֬䣬ûӳ˼͸ˮεӰӣʣɵ档
ҶڹǰдһɫĹΣˮʮ档дΪ죬ʵɣģ
˫֪˶֪˵㣬͵Įֱӽ֪żΪִƲ˳¡ݺ󣬷Ҳ˲񣬱桭˵˵㾡ҶΪ׼ƱĹ̡
Ǿеһ֣͸ˮסҶƶ˵ԭûдӦ⳯ĹƷ
Ʒ䣿ӦǲĴʲô¶ˣ
ҶͷͼᣬһָŻĬĬĦͣһԲɽʱɫһ䣬˵ʯɽǰʧȺĹƷ
ɫȻ˫ɳĬ
ǰںյһλʣ;ʯɽʱ֪ðȺΧʧ˹Ʒһһ̰֮˸ֻ̽ǺһرŽš
ֱ˫ɷϡ

Ҷ֣ȥʯɽ
ҡͷֻŹɽľʢҰ޺Уȥ޻صĹŹء
Ҷ䵭һЦ
ӦнӵǹƷֽӦȥʯɽ˱Ӱδ˵꣬ҶĮؿڣеŵһȥӲصǡ
Ӧ΢΢һЦǹӿ̧ܵͷ˾·з糾Цһֱ⡢ϡеϢȴǵ˫ɡ
˫漴βȥҶĿ估ʯɽͼú󣬻˼ˡ
һǰ򡣬һӳſڣԸ򡣬ʶľΣ̶ȥһ˰ʯɽϸϸ鿴ɽصףκ쳣ٴңҵĻظʮֽ
æȥ
ڶץصĶűҶΧʱķȺĶűץ
űźɫ䣬ŤҶҶ䵭ɨһۣ㲻Ըصͷ
һͼҪ㰴ͼһ£㿪˵΢ͳһεͼűϡ
űչһƣɫףӣ㿪ЦۣǴڽأץ֮ῳͷҶ̧һΣֹͣ
۹ⲻ˭ܵģοűС
Ȼ㰲źã³ɺ˽Ӧ㣬㼴̶
űͷĿۻƵĽë£˳ⴽȥΪοɰԥãҶĮΣ˵ˣ
Ҷδشֻøɾ㣬ϣң޵֪顣
űҧ촽ǡ
ǰѩͨ󲢲ɾĿջȲ衣Ҷмأ㴫һ仰Ҽҹ㿴ԼˣҪ벻ȥݸȥ޻ء
ѩƷ裬ÿɷѴ뿪
ڶ֮ǰҶѯʹйѩļἰѩӵ˾ãҲѩϲ֮ˡ


10.


Ľ԰֣ɫȴɫʤ֡ҵ˪м̺ɽྻһȾԵøΪ͸̡˫ɸֱ¥󣬵ԣͬĿϾ
Ϊϲӡ֦ɽҰסޱߵļį˸ס˿̶ڣҲȻ
ϸصĽŲת΢΢һЦʦ

̧˫ɡºˮЦݣӳ˴ӣôǽַͨ˼ҹģ˫ϻ۵͵ıΪǰŵƽ
ǹļϵһ⣬Ϊ䱦ʹڷݻܲӳ⵽ߣҪܰģĮ΢΢ĿȴθӰ

һ˫ɵΣæʩ񣺡
ٷˡǾ˫ɼϲƺ¹ӻˮϵĸ¥ɲΡ
˫ɻ񣬵ʦ˷ǣ
򡰵Ծ˫ɵԼǺĿġЦṫӵĳ
˫ɱֳһ̣صǹҪѰһ°ʯɽֲؿ󣬰ʦǻܴң֪ͨݲľ̽ԴķҾͲٰŪŪˣֻһѰʦºͶغһЦֽӵɽ´ȺҲؾţҰ˫Ŀֻڰɫʦ棬ȺǱܿߡ
˫ٴΪ֮£粻ԶʯɽǡݸӦ䣬һﾪˣ۷Ϲ񣺡л˵ĺ⡣
˫ԾһԶܣЦ˵ϴκȾ£ۼʦǰݺĻȥʵⲻȥ
һ뵽ЩҩݲĻľϳʹ֮飬Ҵȥ˫һƣʦﻹһ͸㡣
˵գ˫ڣҲӰ͹֣һ˵пգȥ˲֮Уػð
ȻЦ˫Ǵ͸ô෨̽Ѱʡӣһ·ϲص߹Цϡ˫ɿӰһһСִ֦Уת
Ҷֶһһݳĵٻ˫ϸɫƽؾٲǰУӭ챼Ķű΢΢һЦ뿪Ҷߡ

˫ŻĬȻУһů˵㡣̧տ񷣬䷢һյɫֽ𰡣
С׷ųİţʾƽ뵽С׺ͯԣ˫ɲ˵ȵ΢Ц
ǰ뿪ʱС׼Ϊᣬһͬ·ģְɫֽ𰣬ͱʾѵһҲڴ˵أһҪ̽
뵽Сף˫ɲ뵽Ͼ衣
ǵ˫תľϾСɽ֣Ͼ迴۾һЦ˫ɣСֻҵá
˫ɻϾ¸īӰӣ΢΢̾˿Ҷעһһ϶ѣͬ꾩һ㣬˼ǰС

ݰٺߣůѬٰʢ⡣
ְǽվ޿κεؿ֮ˣ˫ɣǴˣ
˫Ӱ
£ӣ۾Ϧ㶼һˣ֪㵣ҵİΣ˿㣬㻹ʲôĵģ
ɿ⣬ϡϡ֮£ű˽ˣδߴ١ǽӵ˹ӵְΣһֱβ治ȥδϵ˫ҲĬĬظ֣Ȳ룬಻ɰƵĿ⡣
ͳһƤС׭ͼ˫ɣȥҪһģ󹦸ɡ˫ɽӹͼΣ˵㽫ξСˡ⻭ɶ칤ȻһЦƲ˵ĵ⣬˻ֵ˵һֱûͻȥɡһϽ㻨ۡ
ԽԽͣɫϻӿһ㵭Ρ˫⾪ؿһۣʱӦϲЦտãҲĴ¡˵תߵñʱ죬·еӴ߹

ʱƻ裬ϵ̾գϦֻܳһ϶һɫϼʣе㣬żŽɫ۹⡣˫һͣϸһ·ȶ¼֮Ѳ
ƽĿƣеĶӺͯȴһһ̶ֱģھԯϿաˣʱ
һţ˫һĨ֮ЦؿһѸ糯ȥֻһ˲䣬Цסʽһǳɣмء
ƿ֮Ӱ´£ǧ컨һ̣ʹ÷ѪĽУ͵شˡ
ҶδӰһΣŸ󴦶δ뵽˫ʽ͵ϮӿǱһƷ˿ء
Ҷ䶢תΪ԰׵һδ˫סؿڣһ񣺡֪ǹӣе
ϦҶ͸Į쵺ӰͬС֦ϵ𴺷磬һĴ˿ġ˱ȻϾȴƱĿ˫ɵĳüƬ̣һֱ
˫ɵԣˮ˵ѾǸˣӻкιɣ
ҶĮŸ󣬰Ȼһӣѳȥ˫ɣҲֻ㵨˷˫ɼٶܣͻֻΣ˵˻ɫѩ񣬴ǹ޹ʹ顣
Ҷ˫ۣͷͳ˺޵ȥ˫΢գһһߵȻؿԡ
ݱĿȴ֮ΪӳģҶ˻ջؿ˫ѩָͣ΢ڷĦ˵֪᲻һ˿ίôЮҡˣӦǡ
˵գ§˫ƺߣֽװһ죬Ҳĥһ죬´ˣһ˺𽡣
˫ۼֿ죬͵ǯסֻӲֵƣȥֹӣԹҲкô
Ҷһ˫ɺ󱳣˫쳣ֱˮͫʣֱҪĵӰ˽ǶԻ߷ıգǧɽ͹ԣˣΩ㡣
˫ɶĺϢҶڵصؾǣŹÿһȾϢĻᡣ˫ɼδֹֻ÷ѩ½°ڣУҶַ

ҶӦ˫ɵıȣȴʹֶΣŰư͵ǲ˫ɸǽ
ηԯԺһĺڼһСԼЩɫǹ⡣ǵ˫ɶ˵Ļèͷӥ񾡹׺ݳª˫չ߷ɣҶ˼ΣѺںڰ
ϵᴩ羮Ѩӣ˵洫رһǿʱ̻ᵹ۾Զһʹһ֡
ӡУҶͷβû˵һ仰ƺӽҪ˺԰ʤѩ۾һգգ
ĺǺԭ
Ҷ˫һ֣ͻһ㣬޷˵ķԼһ㣬ԵҶ򢣬˵šҿ֧Ŷáʱǵزڡ
īҶɴ¹⣬ѪɫϣЩҶӣȴҶƮּ䣬һָ飬Ը׹ԨĵĲ÷
𽶢ƬģĹӰѪͻȻЩȵع̾һ

˫һֱҲ²ԵɣΪ뿪ķҶȥΧмһʱղδߡ
˿̣˫仺߽Ƕǽݱǳһһƽ΢΢𽣬𽡭Ȼ˿ڣʵǲĥ㣿
ڵ𽾲Ĭһᣬƽ˵ûС֪һ
˫ױڣƽǽ棬ǲǺèͷӥһѪҺܸӦǰ𣬺ߺķнͣ
Ҳ֪èͷӥ˭ÿ㣬Ѫˮһյȫܡɬ˵ֽһ䣬ܡ
紵Ҷӻ죬߲һصİӰ˫ɼ봵һӣǽǱһĵˡ̧ͷµɫգ˿ӹĺۼյ泯ڣᶨ˵һ䣺𽣬ֻ㡣ϲӣԲ顣Ҳܾ㣬ֻӲݵľء
˾źþãŴʹû˵һ֣ȴԶκεָ
˫ɽͷڱϣ˵𽹫Ϊ·İ棬ԶǧΪһĸ׵ƽţҵһʱ¾ͼס֡
ҹˮӰһƬšң嵭˪˫ɳĬãȻ˵תȥʹƸӳ¹ǽڣƬ̺һѩĵطҲƿ

ӫӫãˣ²£˲ʡ
˫Զ󸹬ɫ˸׶˵ʫʡֻлһƬ޷Ҫޣܺ˭Ҫ׷Դһģ
̧ͷǰۻƹΣһյµƣ»һ˿ڸӰУôΩһǹ
˫һһ߽棬ľګ˵ӣĥֻҸʹࡣҶɢ⣬Įڴ½ǰһ˫ɲ԰ɫ䵭ص˵˫룬Ҷϣֽ§ǰ
ˮ΢ǾʢһԺ㡣ɫ˻ľչˮؼ˵ӰҶĬãͻȻ˵ˣʵʹࡣСסϾ衢¶𽣬ҿἰǵֻ֣Ҫ뵽κһ˺ϵҾͶʼɵ÷񡭡
˫һ𾪣ѹק½кʣôˣɫ̾Ϣ֣ܵؽͷ֮ϣЦҶ㵱˵ôҴ֣ǰǵѣãǰ㵱󼸸޷˵ڣƣƽڽϣ۾
˯ɣҺˡ
ҹңƲʡҶ쪵һֻ֣ϢҶࡣ
ŷӣ´ɫӰȻһЦ粻Ϣ˫תۿɺ޳ܵЦݣһŤͷ˰ڡ
Ҷī˫ͫסĲµüۣ˵үæҪҾС˫ֿ̧ҲһƣƿŽŵЦݵסԼ۾
Ҷַ˲һɫ΢죬ŵЦ䡣


11.ʵ

͸ȥտĺղؾǧԡ
һ֮ڳ𽵭ɫۣעһЩ͸ʸе˫ɸǽ̾Ϣ һϣʲôû˵Щȴֻ֮ͬȥ
忡Ϊƺ㵹˲˼ȶŮʱ˾㣬еĶ;ϲԶꡣ
һȥţͬɳرմЩۻࡣ
һֱǵּҶ׷ʱļʾ¿ųһ⣬ȥȡİǷƽվ˫ǰϡ

ɴǾޱܽޡ嵭ǰﵭҶĮ糣š˫ɸžӨˮЩԶڴԣĬĬע⡣
ɷ¶죬ԺľŨǽͷ𰻨̽ߡҶ֪ĿΣɫسԵüױյֻ໬ڵܽԲ

һֱĶǫһԣ˵ֿոϸݵĸ·ݵĳӣг͢ϸ׷Ӧͬٴ㺣½ӿξۻᡣ
壬ʳ֮ζҶδ⳯˫ɱӰһۣͻȻ䵭Ӷһ

˫δŲͷɻ乫ʳ޲ԵĽ̻壬һʱŲ֪νӻ
ҲȥҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôҶ±ף˹ؿ˿ڣһػи󻤷ǱԭȻɼ֪ϢޣǸصӡ
˫ͻҲ˴߽ǣ˼ܴϻ۹ˣƶ֮࣬ƫƫϺݶĲð֡

ҶյŵһڡѿҶϸ΢ϣ񣬲䷼ֻܰ㡣˿лζƬ̣ŵӵڿȥλ˫ɣҪҪ

˫ɳĬԶԣڹʾУתȥҶǱϢ˫ʱȻ߿վŸǰ
ҶаһЦ˫ɣΪң˫Цһֻǡ˶¹ӡҶƽƵİ䣬ָ΢һ£Ҿͷ𽡣

Ծɲ԰ĮѩͫȴҶ¶͸ϣ˫䵭ЦǹЦͬʧȥ˹Ĳ£ʵǣƤ֮һɽ˾
Ҷ˫ţأץȥ˫ܣֻƮƮҶǹԵӰߣʮʽͱץס
Ҷһе֣²سӲȥ嵭˵㵱ǰô

ץۼԺ軻ɴ֡뵽˫ɻȻߣǺ޳ܣⷬġҶ΢΢һЦδϣֻ̾ǧЩҶѼ˵촽ϣ˼Ҳ֣һ߷һߺ˵ǲǺ㣿
üʱ

˫ŷײҶؿڣǯס󣬳ƴҶУ䵭ʵʲô£
⿴ˡ˫ɵ¶ᰳ磬ߺ˰գȾ쳯ϼ΢⣬˫ͫúˣڹӺǿѣȴק󣬲һׯ㣡
ȸ״
죬òһԼ˵빫һԲҳǰָʹ̵ɢϢԭĿһ֮ࡣ

һϢҶĲ֣Ӱ죬ȴܼᶨǰƶϡӦеˣնظǣκ¡ɵĽң̴йܣЩʵȷڷųټ챣Ȼиͼں档
ҲΪڶΪ·;ξҶĮϵ˵ӡӦҶϤ侲ȻصֶЩϤ
˫ɼ뷨ֻδ֣ǳסһ塣
Ҷ䵭ЦһĪշʮݵЩֶô
һ˺˸ѩԭЧҶ֮֮ǰȡԳϿž̨ЩֶΣϢطս
ⰻȻůڵ˾ĬҶɨĿһۣݲĮ˵˵Ƕ֪֮ͬڶҶŪ󡭡˼
ӹιǵ磬ʧȥ
֮䣬ҶɭȻ϶˼𽣬˼ƲߣƱػ孼ֻͰһȱ¡˶٣򵥷Ըɢȥ
Ӧ֮ʱɫƽ˫ɣҶ΢Ц۹һݰԯ㣬ƴ˿̻װŹʥϵҿӻǽӼһΪá

˫æǰºһЦӻȥȥΪáһֱȥתתһ̷ӵĲ¡

ҶϲЦտģĮ𣬳˫ΪܰҶϲҲŤϲ£󷽷ﳤȥһ·Цúϲ£졣

Ҷɫͬĺ磬۷Ժ컨̲ݣһӢͷס
˫ʱΪαƣ뿪ȻЩƮɵֻֽ𰣬קֻ̫ǣסеߡ
ֹƬ̣ͻȻĮҹ˸Ŵ䵭Ըȡ

һϮķȹĿǽһֻ ʤ׺װԵöӨ

ĵصȴ˼ã۽ӵ񻨴󻺻йĿӰİϲسݣӯӯһЦ

Ҷ룬ֱӰĮһƬ֪ıԣδ⣬صֱ˵۽մиϢ˳ת棬ǰ飬ֻӦһ׮
ҶԤ³֣޷
ȻˮίЦպкδ㣿Ҷת⣬Ч֮սޣսʥǷϣһȢ˫ɡ

Ĳƶۻݵ㣬̾ϢҶǰͻȻҹ

һҹӰ߳ҶĮ˵ǿֻ϶ҵ˸ˡϹһ£Բ˽ˡһɾӡˮԶϺͯ¥һͲӰ
Ҷ˫ֺ󸺣ָ𷺰ֱ졣Ƭ֮ɿƣˮݣóҲգҾͷңһΣǶ

˫ˮףɹɹӣ۷һԯȴǴӽֽ룬ηǽ䡣

ԯܰȫ෴ؿԷֹڷڣͿĿϲ׳ƵҩҲ֪֪ϵԽǽȥ
ģǽշ֮»ѹͷ˫ɲҪշͷغһĿӰ׺ˮϣͻԳһЦһΰУȻŲŵֻͷΪĲأ

ɻڼɽϾʱ⡪ѭСշֽķ򣬰˰ҹǰ̽á

ϾӭһڷԷ裬ǿ½üĿꡣ̺У˫һ·ɫƽ΢Ц˫ͫɨܣڲݴѰС׵Ӱ
Ͼ迴̾Ϣ
˫ǰıܶڵĴݴ󷽣תζʲô˭һͷʺգȻŲء

ϾСأ˫˺þãָ仹ִ
ϽȥˣϻҪȾƣ˵ǲ顣Ͼ迴΢΢һЦ
Ͻݣ˫ЩԾһ·ǣ
ǰϽΪͷС׵֣±ҶѹƣĿΪ˲𽭺ңϾͣһƱ·׷죬ǻϼͣЩҲ˫ǰ֪ǣϾ裬ǲ˵

ϾЦ˵ҲյӢҰ׵档˫ĵ̾Ϣɫ˵пǱĽɡת뵽Сףֲĵ׷ʵСȥȾƣʲô°ɣ
£Ǿȣͨ˭ˣ͵÷ƣԿϽ𡣡
˳ȥȥ
һɾӡ


12.̽

֮£˫ɼԥϾХǰ֮¡
Ͼ迴óƵļʹһЦ˫ɿ׼¹ȥҲܸ㣡
˫Զƣᶨص˵ͷϾĻδԼ棬ֱ˵Х䣺ǰսңΪȶ߾ƽϢսӭȢԶ磬֪⣬ͳɼ¡
˫͵תӣɱȥ˽紵ɫתۼֽǾûӰ

̲
Ľɽ£ʵġ׹Ʈ㣬ˮӳܽޡˮȻ˫ɵ

˺þã˻ϸܵĺ˫ͫĺ
˫˫ֽԺ̹ݴУֱӲ񷡣ƶ䱥̿˵ʹӽƽΪһ塣
Ϊ˳Ȼҩǰɽдÿã֮ʱӰײͷȻᶨȴΪ
Ͼ˫ĬȻһЦƽ˿ڣС漮ǽû´ڶ֯ӶֱȡУñʺƹؼʱٲһսҿС׶ա
ȻϾڷһֱ˵˾Ҳ˫ߡ
ѵϾ壬ȥ˸˳ɼҳޡ˫ɿ粨Ƶ׳۵ޱȰꡣ
Ͼ΢΢һЦ۾˫ɣһᣬϲգ̰ݷǰ
˫Ժ΢ӽͳһöˮӣڿشҲ۾Ƕűת˫ɵģǺԭδ֪
΢棬մ裬ת͸̣ںͷϸϸصҲХ뵽ʱ󣬲ϵλ꣬һϡ޷ص£޷ظС

һɾӡгɾӡһλʫ˾֮˷ȥƮݰ׺׶ҹ£һɾȾˮϣƻԻͼԷĵλ
ҶӦø¥ǰ˺һϣǺΪ֮Ȼ
ҹ꾩׸λйӣӦбѣҶȴ֡ȥʼԵɣԼصʱ͸¶˼̹СҹݸʼĩϽ·򵥣ŰᣬʼձƲϽ
Ͻӭ£ɾӣǱжһ컷⡣ɾٺˮ£¥зȴǻϸȪɣůůүܽϰãҲΪ˼ϰ˲ǮơϽҶһȪæ˵ȪˮƳȣʵȻɵصȪӿˮˮˡ
ҶĮתףǰСӦȴ΢΢һЦϰ˵ȥȪˮ㺣ܰΰٲˡϽڨڨһЦʵصһЩ˫Ĺ֪Ƿϵλθڡ
Ӧ֮⣬ЦʢԽ󣬿˵

ϯ˲࣬׼ȷ˵ֻˣŸŮˡ꿡Ů绨ϽҴЦúϲ£졣
Ҷ֧ãĮڰϣгһֻɿԺ󣬴ɢµķ˿֮Ե÷ǿݣһֱǰٵŮһգգ紩ϼԼѤõί㣬Ц绨۹Ʈ
ǰŮѩȡֵŮӣҲ֮ˣ˵༧ʷ֮ˣлͥӽѩ̬֮һͷīڷأɢһ使īվ˴۽硣ӦеĿҲڷϡ
Ҷѩ󣬸Įѩһ٣
һձϣѩߣ˰ݣһԡҶָ߽°ͣ¶һ׵֣˵źԡ
ָֻ߳ůϢɢ磬䱭֣ӦпЩֲ˼

ɾҹƣۣա˫֦ϣҶǡһ֦͵ȻԣȴǶ˸
һɾӱϽ޷룬ֻ˳ǽ˽ǱĸԵСϷãһȺΧԳЦͣʱֻĵص
ͣ棬Ӧһʲô¶ˡ
ƺһӦ˳Ȼ
ӰһǰһԶԶ˹ȥĮѩŮˮֱĺڷһ·ѣ˫ɿٻһ㿡ŵĶˣϿЦתۿСס
С׵ľܺãĵһ֪Ϊ̸۹ζ㣬һֱϵغȥʹſҲʤá
С׺ȵĺܶ࣬ҶҲ˲٣һʧȥǣǲǿԼƺΪ

С׽ڶһһ˶վЦ˼ڽ棬Ǻ߳ſڡ˫ϢỽСף
Сѯʣ˫һ˸ơСֻȤҲĬԾǽԫ˫ɽɾӸ࣬ԸϽЩƣٶЩɣҿֲ֮̽ԱԺġ
СױյЦţ˼һ̣˵ʲô˼ֱЦ˻ôôһֱء
˫̾˿߰ɣȥСЦеɫһ·һε˫ɣ˵Ӻʱܺأ
ôˣ
һɾˣҶϵãһ̹ҶӣһǱ֮ӦУҿӣôЩϤ
˫һɫסС׵½󣬼׷ʣүүἰԹӣСҡͷ˫̾ˣȥڶΪ
˵˴˫ͻһ⣺˼ôС룬Цұȵһֱڷ壬ûзҰɡҪ֪һЩ£ץȥô϶ҳԿ
˫תߣСסķβЦ˵˫ɣһɾкܶˣƵģҿϰ壬ϰԵһ㻳ˡ
ţˡ˫ɷδָ̾˵λڷ˿ĹȷǺ˼ҹƻ㣬͵ѹתʵϰأ
СЦŽӵϽߴ壬ߣֻӴӽǿ˲ȥˡ
˫ɫ˰ףСףȻȥһе顭һͳżôȺˡ

аСż˫ᵽһϸڣ˫ɽǽʱһֱڲ²СδɱڵԭпǶǵĴϻۣпɵС׵ĽЩ˲ö֪
£ĬĬ˼Ƭ̣ǵȳҶķǱȥ¹ҡӰһģҪǣҶЦСἰҼǵϴӣֶΣ֦֡ߡҩԵޱȣ޴ŮͿĨڴϣһξͿԷŵʮƥա

ˮ뵣ӱȪϸϸӿպ˫ٴУסϢĲһһ߽ߴ
洫ϸŮӴϢݺ΢ԼԼػӣӣ𡭡㶼ĥһˡ
ǣ˽лѪţ̻¶˫ɲ棬ĬشĿ¶Ӱεǽϡ
ŮӾ޵ط϶ģ𡭡Һˡ΢ͷ˫ҧҧɫȻƴ롣

ڽΣѩɪɪرҶػ滨ꡢ¶֦۽ǵ黺£Ҷס촽ִҶָ䣬ģܳɾ䡣
Ҷ˼ѷ˿˫аһЦ˵Ŀѻ󣺡ǲڵˣ㿪۽硣˵»ѩǣſơ
ѩ¶ԡУˮֻһСطβ¾ȪסҶ˿ееľΰϢֱ¶˫ǰ
˫ɫ췴ףʶһز⡣ҶץϵĹװӣʹʮϢؾĽףˮһһʽ¡ǰȥ
˫μˣ㿪˱ӣȴ޷ܿǰ۽Ҷһ¶ˣ޷ֻ֣ȫȻܡҶбѣռűֻأհץ˻
Ҷ˫ɺȻУʵѩסҶַѨλͷף²ģ˫ɣ˵գ½ѩ¸˫ȫȱס֮ˣŲæתȥ


13.ֶ

ǵһƬ⡣պڣҶĺһһȶȪҹԡ˻ǣӵһٰ̣ͣǺԥص˫
㴫˫ɵȻҶƲʮյ֪Ƿ֮ɣüͬ²ƣ䣬Ȼ
˫ɲȥ˫۾ǧ飬װ׵໰Ҫ˵׹Ե֮ʣֻݳһ䣺ң˫ɣ󲻵ƽؿƵʹࡣ
ȵĴüգѩƬƵؿɡ˫ͣҶܣлûڴ䣺ҶҶ侲㡭
ҶӦ̵Ĵػʵڴ৵һ½ɢ䣬覵Ծ΢΢ͬɫסɽ͵飬˳̽һշתŪָ
ȴͬ˿壬һʵ˵ʵءһҶ˫ͫԵؿ˱ͣ
Ҷ˴Ϣ
糱ϯ˫ȫſִŵ˽ӽǶ³Ϣƣʮָץסı֣˵Ҷ񡭡ңܵúܡҶƷ˰̵¶⣬̧İ˫һۣȶ̽ƻ󣺡ܾͺ
ָЯŷս,һļ尾ӿĽס
˫ɴ󼱣ϼһָߣشض˫ɺ˻Ҫǿô죿Ҷ͵һѸ򢣬ȡʺ˫Įغȥֻȼͣ޳Ĵڲ࣬ʹáƵض˶
ֹ֮һȼܴҶѹ½ȳƵӣƷֿ˫ȡ˫缱ǧһ֮ʽ˾󾪽һͷ䣬޶

ҡ죬°ң߲Ӱ˴Ҷɫ֧˫ƣƽİĺһֱδ
˫ɨ˫̻¶ǳһĺۼôһ顣˫΢΢ƶ߻˯¹ҶӳӣֱָŪһ⣬һ
ָ޳𪣬ָ͹ָ࣬룬һ˫ϣһϢս
˫ɣ֪Ҳ˯㣬վȻ²ߡҶԾѩۣڴ˵ƣĦӡšȣһƷ⻪ĴֻԽתԽҾ㲻ģڣҪǧټȥϾ裿ҪϴҲңǳŵζüƱƳ㣬һֱҺͱ˵𽵹ؿ
˫ɫƽһ̾Ϣ
ǰ²ⶼģҶվ
ֻֽΪͨ˼ϸܵôûڹ䣬ˮز鲻ߣֱشĿĵӣôǸǲô򵥣

Ҷ߳زʵĴ²üѣ֮Ȫߣƽضûı̳Сˮ£кڷƮˮ֮ϣ˼Ρɼ£ڱˮž޾׵ա
һ֮ǰˮϣͬķ˼ѩ֣ӯӯһǷġҶɢʣĬȻ˰ΣڳرĮ˵·Խ٣еԽ棬Խ˿ġ
ѩƲߣȾ̺죬ίϿʼĻл͵㣬ҡŰӰҶһۣ䵭һЦûʧ
Ц캮£֪ѩϻ˫ɵȥֻǶ߼֮νң˫ԥ»ײ˽ڽʪӵҶǰ

˫ɲ²ǰˮĬĬش
ҶĿѨλװҲΣֱ
Ļ΢˱ӣ˵Ҷûвڣֻ̫ڡͣһ£˸ȥκҽͼһλˣίʵû㡣
ҶһЦ
˫ɵȺһӦ룬ϣΪӣҪԺá

ͫƺֱµɽ峺дҶĮڳرһ˫ɸˮϴϴգۣӲúˮΣһԵ뿪䡣
תǴϴŵɫƮ½󷢽ǣ˳Ĭ뿪ߡ
ҶˮֻƬֳָ̣ᵭ֮Ц

Ʊ£ûһԡɫɴʣƿǧضˡ
˫ɿӰͻȻ˷ŵĹװŮҲɫȻɵ޴ŨȾ̣ʵĿ
˫뵽ڷһճȥȪأķ˿ӦƮˮŶԣӦŮǧ֮ϤûˮУֻһܣǾ˿Ϲעֱ׹£
缱ӳǰسز鿴һܣȻûŮӰˮ飬ƣĵطûκ顣һ˼ԾӰɴСͣƵӡ
һɷʤѩüĿ续İ»繷ϣӰ£վ˯˫ɾ߽һ̽ȻûϢܵصˣһɱֱʺ˯бʺָ٣ʹõҶ̳õƷ
ѩϢϢӳ۽һϮذ׽˿ߣµϸСƲȾ˹͢廪ŵӣַγ˷ܱ⡣
˫ɲɵ˿ơҶľǰɨһۺ󵭵˵ɾİҹɱˣһ
Ϣǰҹİɣ
ǡ
Ϊˮ԰ҹҲжϲǷ֮ˣ
ǣڻӦѩ似Ϥļ
˫ƽҶĮһ顣ŮѩݶϸֶΣпܾǸϵ¾޽еҶ˼תϺ󣬺ѩѩ«ưػرַ֮˼֮ǲڱа
ΪԹʱأ˫뵽⣬һҶ߳ķ䣬գƿ뷨֪֪˲ܰսȻзŮ䣬˷ſ϶Ǵ̽ҡ
˫סҶ󣬵ˣô˵Ƶ᣿
ҶĿǣɴݣ䵭ֵؿ˫΢ŭһᣬȥҪ
˫һ£ʵԹأ
ϽʤĽħƣǰסӦУԼˮߡ
ϯϲһʧϽ˲óȻʹơɱµȼƲߣЩ˫ɶԲ룬ǿҶ䵭򶨣˳־ôͻȻܾЩΡ
ҶӦ䣬ų˼˫ȥڳ˫ɻڳüɻҶ˿ҵǳǳĺۼźۼһЦ
˫ż̧ȥҶݿɫһ㣬ǴȻӰӣĮ顣ֻʱ˫۾ŴӰůĹâ
ίʵñͬҹϮԼ֪Щᷢȴı䡣
˫ϸϸ˼ɫȻ俴Ҷӹ⸰磿ⲻķΪΣ
ҶӶ˫ɫƣ˫¶ϥλãĮһҸ㡣
˫һڣ˽䣬׷ʣ˳ˮۣƶڼƻչ۷£˺ˣ㶼Įģ
Ҷ䣬䵭صȻҺӦУ϶Ϊסˣȥ˷ˡ
ڶûлشΪǰѾشˡ
˫ɫһ䣬ɵץҶ½ʣΪ㣬ǻȥʲô
˫ɣͳˡҶ˵˫ƱסҲϣһֱڰ֣ҵȲ˾á
˫ɾҶбȣǶ˫ιڻ촽ȴᳵ·ػϸܿǡ˫ҶضݳҧȥϧûСһ߾ŭһߺǳ⣬ҶУֻ㡭㾹Ȼ
Ҷ˫ػ̧ͷ˫£ֶ»Ĵ䡣ԼƳںЮֻʵӦǵĻ¡
˫ЦͫﵹӳҶ쳣ҫںϢı±ĿģҶӵ󡣡ճܣ˫ϣ޵ҧһڡҶ̧Įעһۣһָ໺Ѫɫ䱾Ӷ
ס֣˫ԣ޳ܡǹйӡ㡭
ڲҶֻ̲һĺ


14.

ںͣפһֻµĻ۶УϵյԺոӦػӡӺϵĽӰ¾ȴζ¼ŵΡΡݡ
£ӳһµ粨һ֮ˮɴ
ˮк˿𣬸һֶնյǶˮӵϽ˲ˮΣֱлݣʹңˡ
˰ʤѩعǵϢɣתݿɫһЦѩҶˣǹҫˡĻѹְҲǲٴˡ
ϽԤϲС˵˼ʵִѵȥҶô
ѩһ¶һ˿Цøʢˣҿ϶Ҫ˽ƾеĶ֣ǺܿϧϽδɫЦٻ⣺˼ΪӪҲֻ塣
ѩ֬ӳɫ⣬ɢаĹʣһɾ˲ŮʬЦϽΪǸµĺӡ
Ȼ˸似һҶթĻߺ޴ɱɾлˣԲһô򵥡ҹϽش˸˺γԣ
ѩӯӯһЦ㵱ɵô䲻֪ȫ̼ƻԤᷢһЩ飬ȴ̬չһ밵ҹ棬ҳʲôһ٣̶Ц֪ӳ޷𽱩¶ȴ಻ƶϳˣǴʲô
ϽĬĬζĻǰԭиҶšԳհܡعžǣֶξСȻξ߽ľ㤣ʱֹʮСӣû뵽һֱϣֱ
ӳ޷˳ˣϸҶСһϸо˶֣ⶨ˼ƲߡǰС׵ңҶһǿѹ£ƴҲǴƳǱݡ

ɫǰһˮ⡣ѩ¹⼫ãͻȻЦƻҪúöɱ˫ɣһұذɡ

ɫɴϾʤưľˮƿǴȱӣĬĬԵעŲأ両
»ˮХ΢Цչ¶ĵ¡˫ɱڹѺӰϣһĬȻע¹⼫áÿر׷ɱʱİ¹ǲԶǧֹǱÿϴǦؾҹ
º͵ġ
˫Цݾ;Ϣ
Ӱת⻪ƾöķ紵˿ᣬƮ֮ɫڽɴ֮Ȼһ׹͢һڲصġ
ų̿죬Ҷõʱޣק߽ԯҶŮ͸ΪԡһδϢļ϶˫ɴӵԡˮУһƬɴڲֹؿ
Ծȥ᫲ƽС·ˮļ䣬ǳϾɽµľɫҵؿɽۣƴ󺰣ХХֻ¶
˷ǣϾرıˣз谧ʹҶƺʹĻᣬһ·ֱ˫ŭɶŷŹ
¹޳Ӱӡ
ϸĵı͸Ϊ˾µŵİٺ٣֪ϲװΣʤͬɫ˿ϵסںڷ࣬Ǻʽ˫ɴ߳ҹ紵ü۷˿͸̲ס̾һ䣺ѹֹӲصҪκ˽
˫δͷȻһЦĬ뿪
Ҷδ٣˸ǽ̽𽡣
˫ɾˮ£Ӱ£̧ͷ侲£տɽȻȴƽĽǰ

˫ϥ˹ɫ𽥻ظ忡ѩףǲ԰ѪĲ̬
˫ҩЧƻ٢ȵһ֮ȡ˴ĸı䡣ĬĬ˫ɵĺô⻩һ̧ȥƮƮиӰ
ɣտ֦˫ɡ
𽣬㻹ô˫΢΢һЦ˿ڣϲ˿ߣҷĲ㣬𽿴ӯӯЦݣһ£ǲǷʲô飿
˫һ̾Ϣɫ˵Ҳǲŵ֪ϢԴδȷڵ˹ƽжֻǲ֪ﶯ֡
лĹġ֮ˣ֯ҪɱҶһ١ϴƶϳĵǣ°ο

˫ɾĬһᣬŷ紵ҶӶ˰ʵ𽣬Ҫʲô㾡ܿڡЦΣ㵽ôˣôûյѣںòʹ졭
˫ɼηӣ΢΢һ̾˵ǻָÿ졭ܵúܣſĻ߶㡣

졣˵˫ɵĵλѾޱȣʹлҲӦȥҶ˵ӦҲסĹĶŵ˵ʲô
˫ԳЦЦһ˿һľȻϣ˵ûʲô㳪ӣô棬΢⵹ϡ棬ʲôӣ
ϡ

ɫתӰƺ˫ҡŻľӰһ·Ĭػص޾ӡɴ᣷裬˴Լصֻйյɴ⣬䲻ҶϢƺѾ˯
˫˼ϡ･ƽ£׿ɫơڳؾʵҶбǶˣ֪˶ãͻȻҶ˿Ȼ˯Թ޷Խ˴

ŵӰҶĿߣĺɫѩĮֿɫ̺ˮؿڣ¶˰⻬Ƥ˿ʿɼۺʱεأ˫ɶɰ㹫ӵʧŻңķ߿̵ڻ󴦣ã磬һ˴ϡ
Ҷ˵ϥƣϾﲻסˣ
˫˫΢죬Լŭ⣬ΪʲôΪʲôҪĥңΪʲôҪô
˫ɣٿڡҶĬȻݰΣͻһЦÿնмӣ޶˸Զ֮⣬ĥҰɣ
˫ɾԼĻңϾȻͷ߳񶰡
ıа۹ӼڽᣬҲаس½ĮԳֵضŪʹȪҹԡŲ·ش˽ȥȦƲռӣ󷴿ΪĲǡ
˫վҹʣƽվԼġ
˹ţΩ˴Ҳã޳ҲãԼٴϲ֮ˡ

Ҷǵ̵ıӰɫ份ô
˫ɵĻȻܲ²⵽˾Ųʮʵ˫һΣҶվ½ӵ¶ػں󱳣ʹǹȶԴݹĪİο

Ӱ쵣ƻɺɳرסֱ۽ǡ
Ҷ§࣬գ˵ʵΪƽչң
ôԶˣ
˫ɡҶ֣ϵѰֻ֮úݺݾһķβǰƵţǰ˺ҹӣ㵱Ҳ֪ô
ȷ֣˵
Ҷ룬֡˫࣬ƽ˼ܣƲ⵽ĵءϰǣ֪νΪƫƫǰΪֹֻ֪ѶˣΪЩԸ
ԽԽͣ¹ɴᣣӳȫΣ磬ưɴ¶̡ٿ˫ɣһµĳꡣ
Ҷ˾һЦҪڳﻰǲף¿ǸԸˣ
˫תΪͷɥ׵ûСҲܷߡ
ҶЦʢ㻹ǵ˵ĻǾɥԣ鼫õظ˸˿ɵôѵ뿪ܿ
˫Ժ˫۾ҫƶ֮⡣ҶЦһɵ˱ţͻȻʵؿڻô
˫ɱѿڶʲôѹŭȥҶһԼǰȥҿ
˫ǰ飬ڲֿ࣬ܲͼȤˡϧСҶƿãϵ˺ۣɫʲôɫֲҧ㣬ѡ֪ͳ˾Өɵҩ࣬ϸϸܸͿĨȥ
ָ⻬˿ͿĨ˺þá
˫㣬˯ȥҶ֧ͷ­עЦһǸƢ
һᣬ촽ּѩ˹ȥ֪Ū죬ؽ¡


15.

Բԯ־ˮɴҶת׿ŸɫĮղ˲

Ҫֱߣӡ
˫ɽ糿ȥһϾ裬ǱĽֵ֮÷Եֵܶοı˫Է߽һⲻ֪ĿϢȴá
ХҶ³һ֣۾
˫е㱯Ȼ䵭ش˼䣬ʹ˼ɣȴδ־Ԯ

ڵȴȴҹ

ҶԤϵǰ㣬һɾȪҹԡʱ緢Ӧ类ϮˣҶ򡡣

ҡҡλε߳׿һƣһƼҡѹȰͳôسȥ
ͣطԾգӹǶɿˣڿɵľƼͣ˵ܲ侫

СƶžҲֻаȾ֮ҹʵ¹ֵӰһ죬һп˹ӣ˭ܰҺȵЩСͷҸҶľơ

ɫʣӳӼ塣۾ǽӰЩŨأһƵ⡣
û⡣Ͼؿס˼ö֦
һ˻߳ŨŨüëӦ̵ĽȣһĽ

һѣҹһ޶˵ǲɢȾֻʣ亹졣ǰѽȻû˵ǹӶܲ½֡
򡲻פһаö۹֦ɳΪ֮һ߳ԻԦıҲڻ£ȲڽµİֺϪҪ
ԼľͰһţöĸǻʹشˣҲΪԼҹɰʱ䡣

һϤûصס˵һֱŰ򡱳ӰΡȫǣʽ룬δܰѺ˺󣬵
Ȼ书ߣûҩɱһΪ˻ץ
ҽκ¡һЦ㻻װ磬һľҾϳ㡣ǵĿˣ˻һ𡣡

ֵ죬Ե˼ů
ݳһͨջһ͵ĹԾ˯
ֳͬȾ£ĺķϰ֫˶ӴϷڡ
ӣۡҹͶʱջѱѶֺռݣãѡȱʵĵطת뵽տԵСﻨ¶Цݡ
һ翪󳨡ת۾˲ʵѩףɸֱͣ
վֱͦͦӰɫ򢳤ۣһںڴ
˫ƹźϣսôܡôܡͻһѩƵɳȥһɱļ϶ʽǳײӡ
˫ƹͦһעʮıУһ˲Ӳ࣬ͣ˲ŵ·ϡ

ŽʵʵײһϣͷĿѣһֱǣнп಻Ӧ˫ƹڲƫƧջڽ첻Ӧеز顭
¹뷿У˫ƹޱĲϣͿնźںӰ˫Բɭúˡ

ʧȥ˵ֵҲ޷ֵֵؿŽʬҲƵ˫ƹ߽ŸӰʤѩ趯϶ӡһͷīڷֱɢ̿šתĿɫ˫ͫ΢΢һЦ۲ɣ纬̵˯ɣúӣʱͺһˡ
žˣȥŮݾɫľӨ˫ƮЦݣйƻĵֻһۣͻصͷ­

ҹǹתʱƣ룬˯üʱռеںҹǰֲɡ

ԯɣռӴ󣬷ĴҶӶӦоӱ˶ڶֻסԷ֮ۡء
ļںԺˣŨľһƬҶӣҵǵ֮⡣һ޷õӦģλջ齵ֻ֣Ϊġ
һ伫Ϸ¥ƲӴȥԸҹԲ̣Ө˫ɰһֱĬĬעŴ⡣
ҹ¥϶һӰ֫յһľګұ̵ҹɫԵëȻ

ִ󺧣Ｗ֣ʲôˡֵ㣬Ϊߵȷ˷ǹ˫ȴӴбб룬ֱͦͦŰ嵹˽
ûӦо飬ͬϺɲһ³죬ܴ֮ߵĵطѳӭȥ
ֻ顱˫š黨һϵҼлϻһۣȣߺˣ
ݼЦĿģϹ˶°ǲǵԩ֮ˣϸ˭

ҹɣβɢƼȦƬһеѪɰ羪ѣ˫ӣû뵽˿ҲǶǰ˵ԩͷծһӲˡ
šϸĿѿڶܣһɱˡҲδӿڵ

˹Цţ˭˵΢³˿һקȻƷֽˣ
ҲǽŲŵأֽƬƵƮȻ̵һվȡ
˫ƹ
ңǵǵĲ书һδŹ֮ȻĽǻɣǰӦȥΪֳ䣿ټɭ̵һж˷˼

˲ǻһƣ˫ƹƵһһ߽Ϻϣһһס˫ƹУȥҹӣ
ɰд⡣Ի̵֪֣ĴǽӷԾ
㣬ǹ˭Ҳ֡书ӻסˡ

ȻҲװŵĿġ
Ȼ˲һסˣͨΪ˹ƻȻֳһж
˿ƮƮתɰظǰһգ۾͸ΣṦȷš
ɰҲ뵽㣬ܿҵĿ˫ƻ˷Ŀ˫һһǯסɰ֡ɰ޷ѣʵһдߣ
ϵʱѹǰԾȥ
˸һЦһšɰһʹߣ۹ǽڶΪ¡ĸԣһͭǽڰײ϶ԷˡŶһֳܿһ̽һ˿ɳ׼ޱȵزֲ˻

ɰش龰ĿѴ󺰵ס֣ɫֽһֱ죬ۿҪ

ɭЦ˾ְգˣ˫һģҾͿˡһû˺ɰشһͷײ˹ƣסԴһֱЦתҲƵӰǴͯӣ⼸ŷȥżһߣɰѣʱѨλ
ȡ׼ݡ
ɰ£˿ɬ˫ĿԲֿ˲ʤ㣬ʲôӡ˽̤ɰҼ磬ļΣЦұͲǺӣǻҶĴ񡣡

콥ռƿա

޷ƣҲйâﲻĽ䡪ԯͥ
ֵʬ£˫ɹѾʱľżҲδûһᡣջЦԺУ˫δһ˿顣
ɰسƿԣ̺ϸ·
һ£˫۵ףվһһɰǰҧ촽࡭лʩԮ֣ҪҸˡ
Ա˱õĽ룬ƴϣ֡
ָ
˼ҶδڣȰ衣
˫ɿ˫ƣشزƬ̣һǿңȥ
ŨŨд㣬Ҷʶ˱˵Ŀ
˫סʹ͵ʩ룬һ


16.е

ʯĹµʣ£˫ɲ죬ӵͥҺ컨̹ˮĬưͦΣɾš
ֵʬѷ𻯣˹ǻǷϡûκα飬Ȼȴݲȵ롢Ը£˷Ļ̵̻Ķļʶõ˵𾴡
ɢԺڵһΪ֪һ˽ʹɽˮ᾵Ĺʯǿġ

ϰڶѩֽݾ͵ĿѶǴķд֮ǸͬҶ£بŲĮ֮ɫۿʱƲȻһ

۷£ȳȣ¶ֻңعǿߡ޷գֻܿһһԺ˫ɡ
תЦһ¡

ɫӰʯΧҶ߽³Ĭ֮ˣ̧򢣬סͫʡ˫ˮź̶Ĺݺһ´ĮǵС˵Ļ˫ֻгޣǱɡ

˫̧ͷŰҶἰͨƵȴݹٴθޱȵ밲ȡӡȵؿ˿ڣֶҲᱯģôҶ֪ӲСҵľġ
ܺáҶһΪϸϸĦѡ˹ûóеѪỴ̄ǺҲվǰ˫ɡӣü۳ӣ˼ɵһǣסУһҪ

˫´ʼսļ䣬һʣοǰˣļᶨɶҡ˹ô˸ж
ס֣ߣġףµжೡսҡȻңҶϳͲġ

ӦиѼϣüͷһ̰ɭɭɫΧ鿴ž鼫Ϊ֣

ҹӱʱݳڶջܵΧˮܵĽɣȫŰʮˡ㵴ɽʮܡа˴һЩɢ֣һһǧ֮࣡ݲ֮˻㱨һһͣפУһŮӽǳһЦǳ߶־ܡ
ȥɱϮĻ¼ˣ򡡢šϡѩӳ־Ԯδ˫ƹȥǱŮۡɰػᵽ˸ϸڣ˴ò϶ţȷ׿˼ٰ硣
˫ɼûСϾ裬ƲС׽߳˲׵ֻ֣ڱ;У

Ҷ估鱨Ƭ̣ƶϣͨƶǽ˶ƽ޼Ļصڣ

ҹֶһ£ѩ˫ƹշˣҼӦǻʵŮˡ׽ΪѣȰƻ񣬷ֿϸƣ书ҲǷ˼ĸǿӦöһĹɫҹ֮ŵ֣ߺ͡һǳ߱Ϊܡ
δ˹֮£ɫף̾ Է
ѩʹñ˿ǰӣù˫ƹӣͬĸʬݹȷš˫ɲ

ΪҪץǼأӦпһֱɻ
Ҷһ˫ӥӻת֮ˣδˣץЩ˵ʣ϶ȶԱаɽׯ֡

ȻҶɨһۣ˼žֵ˫ƹӦǱ֯ȥʬҩ壬书һһ۲Ϊ塣û´ץ˶Ǽ˫ƹɹ֮͡ҩˡռɡӣѪȷ֮ʣִҪǰٿ
Ӧף뿪ֶͥɢϢ˫лмä㣬泯Ҷ˫Ȼ²Ҷ
Ҷö˼𽡣һϮ£˫װŴ󷽣ͥǰԷ̺ɰׯȫѹֵȻɷϢྴ䡪ϣ͵ٻ𱬷
º͵Ĺâī˫ͫơ˫һۣҡҡͷĬ߿

û´ѩ־ΪҶôǱȳԴӱһ㣬ȳԴһˡ

ȴ޿תأôʹѣǰ걻ɱһ룬·ļԸе

û뵽ôټ˫ɣ£˼
˫ɵ˫ͫ⣬ͬһǶİУ籡ֱĵ⡣ⲻƽĶŵ˫ɣʹʢŭҲӦǸ鴬಻ɫŮӡ
Ϊʲôǽϲŭֺرֳأ
ĬĬעųˮ˼š
̳Ĺ߷ϣҿԽؿɬһʹ˫綶ʱѪˣɱġ˫ɿָ˿ڣͻȻ侲˵
˺󼸲ϯϥü˼˫һֱֶɫӣΪʲôҪɱУ֪һصլˮĺŶɣҴСĵط߽˰ݵƣֱ𽲱˵𽣬ɱ˵Ķˣ㻹ǲ˵ʵô
𽿡תΪ԰ף̾Ϣô֪û˵ʵͬգȸôô

ҹĴɱ˷ŻΩⵥûκ𻵣㵱ɺôѩͲʮжΪȴһǧˣ㵱ûŹô㣬˫ɵѾƮ򢡣
𽿴޳ָɫδģ̾ϢϢŭҪ㣬ˡ˫л͵سƣ𣺡ݵֻǷô򵥡
ⴵޱ꣬ƬƬѩػ½°ϵ׺˼Ϊ忡ƽ˿ӹһɫС˵Ĳ˺ңΪҿҪˣΪ˶࿴㼸ۡ

ˮ˫ɵţҡվΣֻý߬סƣ˵
嵭׷Ȼ磬֪ҳɲ˴£Ҳˡҷ뿪ͱˮǰһֶҩɱ㻻ȡҩҩɾȣΪ˿㣬ҵҶǰ

лѩʵͬĸ츸ãϰÿɱŮΪʱҹɶеԣèͷӥҹʵʩһȤ²Ҷ
ѩԼ𣬴һΪŵӰ죬ҶӴƫִѼһйص˷ԭҲҲΪ˴ɱУһͨʹʹ⡣
ԭϻô̬ˣԭǰԼ²ⶼġ
˫һĿѣź˼ڰױסΡĴɫѲˮ֮ݡһ翵ĻԵıںԶһ˲ץסࡣз磬ôʹࣿգΪûĽ䣿

԰գһһ뿪ͬȫȥرֵʬסԶȥְȻֶһɫӰ𽿴˫¶ѩеķĿ۾
𽣬û˺ӵϣҽ첻ɱ㡣

ˮѩ£ǰ̲ɫȻöޱ˫ɼۣᷳط¡߹ţ߹ˮܽޡ߹Ӱĵطīǰͣפ˽Ų

ӹһڣʯɽûͣ
˫˳ӣҡֱϵĸ߽ǰͦɣתҶֶüīǵһ˿ǳЦΪĮӳһЩ׽֮⣬һִ䱦С
仨ƮˮЦƽ󣬴˳ϢһһĹӱ˹˫һʣһֱңҶ˹ȥ˵ûҷҺܸˡ
ʣ˫֪Ļϲ٣̾˿ÿ㣬ĺ޲Դ˿̼㣬ҲЩˡ

ɫɴ͸΢磬ɵƮټϾϵĿӣһöһ˫ڻУֱؿ˿ڣʹҶɫһ䣺ӣȥ˰ʯɽĮ˹ɫ֪Ρ

Ҷ˫¶ϥλãƽƵĽڷзƮݡ˫ĬĬ룬Сϼʯѹ͸񿿽Ļɿ˹ȥ
Ҷ§ڻУ˫ƣ˵ǷǣǵǰôϴʤĻ㣬Ʈ˿ķΡʮָ޳ϸϸƣЩֵһǵˡװɵ˫һı졣

Ҷͷ½ŴҧһڣҶʱĥҵģ֮ΧδҵģٲǵãͲǸɦôˡ
˫ƿֵƣӳ˱ܣҼǵˡʱڡ³ӡʱҶֻŪһѣʾ֮ɫؿ˫ɾѣŭ֪ô׽ӽ㡣ʼ˫ϥ
ҶͺȵҶٶҿ̲סˡ˫β֪仰壬治ٶֻؿǰߢ˫϶£ִڴ̽˽ȥ


17.

Ϯˣһս˫ظߣҶ͵˫Ѻס飬ƷС˵봽·ħ֮޹ǳǳʧݡ
ɴӳ͸㵹Ҷϵ˫˸Ⱦ͵˫ֻסҶؽ΢΢Ϣţһ˿϶ҶϡϺôڲС

Ҷ׽Լ˳Ʒæ̽½һֺհд⡣ϸ꣬ϼʵΪʲô
ҡһû׼á˫ɽ˫󣬳óѡҶޣֱͫͷס˫򺬻֮ôھҪӡ˫ɱۣܿңʳԡȷſҡ

Ҷ뵵ĻӰƺʹδɣòҪ뿪ؿڡ˫۶ϣҲδҵȼݲԭ֮ƣǰĻ⣺Ҷ֪࡭ֱҶҺ˵˵ô

šĴҵǵ̺죬ԸذӦһ˫ɳ˳㲻һظΧ峿ְأһ˪صҶҲ棬ﲻ֪жҡ

ҶͻȻ̧ҧסβ˫ɣĥҵġ˵⻰϶Ŀģֻʲô벻ˡú㡣˫ɫһڨЦѣֻӶᣬߴ˼βŰһĹӸߡ

ˮָͲǡ˫ɲٷ㶣Ҵϴգس̺ɳȥ

ķůůӭ洵ƽ˴طµİԭҰзڷʢ˫һ㣬ɽʯ£Ͽ˼öʯӣһûһµᵯȥʯѩ˼Σڽڳˮ棬۾Ҷ

Ҷżرߣ˫ʵʵ;ɣ԰Ŀһ۷̵ı͸˺Į糣뿪

˫ڳزãԺĬĬƵͼΣ仨Ʈڳ棬һĺ浴ż׷עӻ꣬һЦ͸ЩţС˵ˡ˫ɣʲôô棿

˫ɻδ֮ʹȫ߳źֻǳǳһЦȲ޻ϲ͸ȥߺôɥЩ¹ڣƷǰδҽκǰ׷Щҩļɡ

ҹӰƮҶĲϣ·³¶ɽרעӵѩϾգ˵Ϣ֮
ǰĿ㣬ÿλŮӱ뾭ɱһأ˫ɸڸԼȻѡԼҶһͲúڡ½Ե¾ĺ󣬷ɶͶ˿˫۱סıҶӿЦƣ˵ҵɵģԭŨ֮£ѳһҡ̵ûôеЦ˫Ѵݰһ
һ屩¶ǰҶ˫Ҽ˺ϣ壬շתȡϢ輱˫˫գʸϣܱղһҶᱧ󴲣˹µӡ

˫ɫڵ͸ҫˮ⣬ݳ篡Ҷ¿գ˫ѵˮգĽţתؿڣ˱Ūİ塣ɫɽδֱǺۡ¼£ǰ̺ҹ绨š
ǡ˱ıԲͬȣ˫ؿڲֶͦ񶾵㣺Ҫ㻽ֵģ˫Ҷָأָ⻺ɨǿ飬ĴָĦ˫һ󾪴ս˷ĥǰһ˿ü˫ȫֻöɤ𡭡ңֻҳܲ㡭
ҶİȻһЦƸ֫ҵȻ㣬һúռĿ϶˴ԴԴӿĴȸࡣָŪʪ֮ݳ̾պá˫ÿҪ޳˫ץļֱƣҶĿһָ̧ͣĥ˫ҧȥЦԣһͺá
ݾǣ͵⵷ͷ䲻סš˫ɾֵ˫ۣصӳҶգӼֱͫһͦǷϸѨ
ô򢣬߱øֱ˫ɫϧһ߳һǡ

ͷɴ᣽廨ɫ׹£˫ǳһĳײ£ֻǶҶŹκһ˿Ŀ϶£ϧĵʹ˷̵ǳɿҪըȡ
ֳδõľʵǿҵںһ
Խ˫ʵ˫ɣң˭
˫ɳʹ˻һҶ㡭
Ҷһ䣬͵ֱͦһ£ᴩѨͺȵ˵һΡ
˫Լָף˿ûļסĲʹҶҶ쵰
Ҷһ£ЦƬѩ棬˲䲻˳ӣ˫ɳôϢһ£ǰΡΡǿķ绹δ̰Ҷ˫ȣͦ룬һһ䣺ϲ㣬Ͳʿǰòĳô


˫ɴһӽ۽ǹ䡣Ҷһ¸ȥỺʹסȥۣ˵ԣͲʹˡҾҪһӼǵҡ
˫ҭָ֣סһƺץ赵ƤҶʹ㲻ܡƵʹӹǰ˫壬С
˫ɡ㣬ֻƵݳһ

ɫ룬ˮģһȦ׹Ρˮģˮѩ飬ε˳˫¡

ҶֽС§ƸһѩỺظϴӡ˫˫̺죬ջ˯Կ̾ĬӰһıˮӽ״͸촦֬أʾշתлĺۼҶСΪΣɫ÷ӡϧظĦһᣬֵ´һһǡ
˫˯еૣƾҶϿŵɴеŻȣ˫ͷ˵һ仰ǰ֮˲޷Ӧһ̰ɽ壬ˮС
˫ܲסشزٴ׷£ֻӦһҶɢķ˿ϳ˺ϸϸǿУˮɺӺӶ塣
¹⣬ȪȻϸһһһһѹֻתȴΰӿƵʡ

ֵ˫۾һ˿źۼŲҶֱ۰λãָصļѨλ

Ҷ˯֮ɳڶߡ
¹⴩ɴ԰ϣƱӳһĻ˯İҶһյĮ˫޹С˫ɰ̾һɢѩ½£ϣ̺ں˰зڡһŵ棬˫˫һЩȥݺݵصһ䣬ٵϵͷ׼ıˮ¼ɫ
ĳеƤOO@@عЩ䡣˫ɵһۣŲȫ˺ѱҶĨҩ࣬Ө͸һɱ
Ҷպ϶ף㣬ֻһˣҲԶȥĬĬبŲգĮмȡһ˿һůϾñҵ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫ˺ǣֶ֮ܲʹ㣬ҪȥҾꡣӦңҪǣһ
˫ƳҶ£ֱԵȴס֣ưԹֻԲ԰׵ƲŸ˸üĿۡǰûץңǿ϶Լҵһμ㣬֪ǸĹ幫ӣһᴩҵļ۾ôĮ·һֻϡ׽̵ɭֲģһֱҵãʵ㲻֪ÿο㣬жҡգ΢Ц˵ϰҪЩһ߸ϵĹģȻҵķҲ˽ҵĿԡȥˣȥȥͻء
˫ֱЦȥԥ߳˷


18.

˼£֪½һڸ߸ǽڼįǽɫ
ïʢϡԯԺǣأԴɭʵĺ⡣˫վƸԿסöʯӡɢȥŸ߽࣬ҲҫǽǵįӰӡ
ڵȴƲٴɫа۽βƽҶǲˣ˫ɼ㼣ģ罫Ҷֲã˿Ҳٲʱ·š
ҹӹһ˿˫ץʱ֣ϸСʯӴżشֱǰ߽ɳڰϸܵĹ

һ㾪ļɹ鴫ֻͬһƺߣ˵档˫ͷԾȥ鿴ΣǵһƿʿÿλرʱǰǰڴһѰԿ׿š
ƿɫɴ˽ϥۣ˫Į£ĹӰô͸䳺˶ĵ侲𽾲ֹӣֻǰװƣµµˮСҩ裺𽣬ҸһѡǸҺ쿹һΣ

˫ɼҩ裬ק˵ַҶѨλȡʱӳݡһʱͻ忪ѨץֻҪӳΧͲǿңΪλİȫض׷úԶƶϣһ׷ʱ϶Ҳ̿ͷԽ⼸ʱѰֻҪݣҾа취κ˶Ҳ㿼Ǻ𣿡
ҵɫ˫ϣڲϬ֮⡣ۺʱںǰƺܱһ侲ڡ˴󵨶򶨵˫ɣ΢΢˼ЦܸԵ𣿡
ܶԭպԼɣ߻ǲߣ
룬˫קסԽԽֻ΢ЦصȥﲻߣһǸã
˫̧ͷɫɨһۣ˫ûǰ㣬ص㣬ָܻ˳ɹԯҹǿ˽䱸滷־аǧ֮ࡣҪӳȥֻܴǱǻȥҲ쵽ֵʱߣ

һյ£һȹ´ҹߡµƾͬ徻һ¶ͬԼįǲˮšһֱܿ㣬˸ƫԶªĿջţǿΪδݵϢ󷲳˶Щ˽ģ飬˭˵أ
ʱδޣɼ˵ǳ˫ɴǱջһʱԹ¶˿ڡ¶һ˫ɱĴݣ䵭˵һ²˵ɣҪʲô˫ɾһЦƽ˵֪Խ٣ԽԹ빫Ϊװ£кܽҪȥ

½߽˫ɱ۾¶ָѸ䡣һյʱ䣬ƣ˫ڽɫ糣ƽױ󣬼¶ֱ˫ݶ꣬Ƭֿʵô
¶Ӵѹ˿ɫ˵߰ɣһ
¶Ǿ˫ͬߣǸһҩϣӰ沿顣˫̲סգŹ¶һ񣬸ֱ̾ɶ칤ǡǿˡȻ֣ҧҧҩ¼Ȼȥ

ʱɫʣԯܴһϢԺѺһ뿴صط𽣬ʱߣ̿;䲻
۵Ļȼ˰յƣӳչ⻪硣һɴյСΪ£Ϲѩ½˳δȾ޷ҹɫȴǾǧ㲨Σŭŵıѩꡣ

²˫йأ˹ⷬֻҹСҶһϮ΢¶ᾷǡ㲻մصؾĬǰʢĵƮ֮硣

ڵأԶԶһĮѩ׵ӰɫͷݡӦв鿴ۼҶ˫кΰţ뾡Ը
˵ôԹԵضźˮƯԭ罫ӣҶؿ˿ڣа˿ҲֲССһöô

ƶǶл̿пԡӦмⰵҡͷĵȴҶĵȡһľʱ֣ԶϴæʧׯһŮӡ

ۼĮҶĸΪӯȹɺɺ죺Ҫȥôʵ¡Ҷºһ㵭Įվѩ׽µڣһѾߵǺɬ׹ݡһʢĽ䣬ֲɫ˵ǳ㼱ųץסңЩϸ˿ߡˡ۵ӣߣЩ˲̫󵨡
ڡԼΪ壬˸ﴦ֮Σ˿в͵͵̧¶м֮ɫʱҹͻȻ𣬴Ҷƺڷһɫץ۶ʱֳǶĮ԰׵ϣһϾĴ˵϶

ӦϸĿһۣȻ˵صǣӦд粽㡣תݣ΢žӨӦֻЦ
ҶڷĮɣɫ䡣һֻɫӭ𣬳Ĺ⡣Ҷ۹׷Ӱ˵ǧֻʱСа˿ȥأ;ѲɷټԷ©תַԸһ䣺
ۻʧɫЩе̤һӡ±ȹһӰֱӵӡδҶζֻ΢ѻιһչһ罫ҡҡ׹һСɫ԰ףȻ˵ˡ֪޷˵漸֣޷ǴҶĮ
ҶɫͻȻ㺦ԯҲ˳ŹĿ⿴ȥĬȻɫ˫мƣвɵһ

ʱһ̣ݳž˯ͬͯƬҫѩ糱ˮӿԶųǡ죬´ӿǧ㳾ѻһɾǰ
ɾͥңҶԶδ¥޳ָɿߵ֣´Ʈǰƥʿ估ɣҶһѲͦαӰﰵȽ֮ݡ
ͥӣɫоŸ䵹յһɾγԱȡīڣŵɫſɼһǵԣҶңɣڷƥ˷ȥɡ׽˫Ϣζ޹𽣬Ҳˣѵﶥ
ɭȻᣬһȦһȦҹлص߿գҲŵƴ

˫ɵȷһɾ˫뿪ԯʱһЩʲ¹⡢ӺֵֱԿһӻ̣۷ֱ
ʱ˫ɴ򿪰һֽͳ׼õҩģ㵹صѡС³ڣߴԾ¡
ҩˮһ󣬴ͷűϴȥ˸ԭȵϢȴɱȾҩζ˫¾ɣԼҲˮأͷϴΣʪܵſڳرʱ˫ɹŵҩġʯһЩϡŹֵĶѯΪСͲ˫ȴæòᡣ
¹ˮűˮƣɢһȦȦ¥Ҷһ¡𽰴಻ס˫ۼֿס󣺡ϵʹץסãִٿǰϦȻᶯ֡οʮþȲץֹ
ڴϣҲ˵ɭ˾ٻΧļȷûмõӰӡ˫ɼӽǻͷҲ̧˵ûʲôģƶ˵װӡ˵ţͻȻһ죬ŵ˫ʧһɢ˻ҩüŴȥ
ҶϮѩ׵£ҹ½ǣƮͬѩ壬ƾңԶľӨĮһ棬ƮƮ⣬˿϶ֻһ

¡һһɾӵڶжѣ˷м衣
ɫЩף˫ɴֵˡ˫šǣѿڶصĺֱ֮ǡ˶ִ˵˲ҪˣҲȥɣǴ૵ô㵽ͷϣö˶˵û˫ɰο󣬸˵ʱ飬ҽߣͬڴ治Я˽㲻ôңûΣֻҪˣϾɱ

üͷж˫٣ɲ˫ź·Ĵ㣬˿̼ظߵĿѴﵽֻǲɫ˸ơ
˻ˮף˫ɽͲȪۣһģιȥˮƻȻصѿһ϶˫һǣ½˶Ѩ

˪ףҶӱնйǿҵĽ˫Σɫһ䡣ôõĽﰵԾȣĮҶ

һɾѱݲеֻʣ촷ۣŹͺͺͥأͦҶӥɨһ飬˫Ծ䣬鿴ˮ뷿кۼرˮ߶վʵȪˮͨ
һ˼ǰصνںӣӦͨ⡣ҶһЦԭ㣬ǿۡȥʯɽôÿʿҶԶˣͻԸ˿͵ͷȥѲǲöãɱܻ


19.

Ҷһ̬ߣ˫Щ֣ΪʼҶ±ĿģɾӻȻ׷𽣬ֹЩԹʵƤҽһҶռĿȡװһ죬Ҳĥһ죬´ˣһ˺𽡱仰ûҶԳУ෽ȫһɱ𽡣
ҹɫŨת֮ʱѻģҵɫȫȻ̿ڷïϣϸ˿롣˫ɺڷˮ𽸡˺Ӱʪ㣬һˮܽء˫ɿһۣĮһҩӦ÷˰ɣ
ǰҩΪϽƣɵ˵л⣬ĳм

мһżɣֿȹǣػָø졣ڳҹɫУ˫棬һС˵ɣͳһ߼ذĹ估רעĬĲϣ²ⲻϲŭ֣һʱûпڡƬ֮ᣬλмɢ볾һѴֲĥµǹ֧ǰ
˫ָ˵ֹ࣬ӰӨӨһȦǹˮʶôеϬȵһǳɣֲǹӦ˵á
š˫ƽӦһδͣǰ̽·㣬϶д̿
ŲỺ˫ɱָ˳΢ġ
Ϊƶз
˫ɻתΣֹ֪Ƿһ
ʲô
ӼȻɾӶ֣ز֪ѵϢڣ֮Ϊ㣬ԽĴ̿Ϳ϶֮һ
˫˵꣬ݲ˲ǰһʲôƵģ𣺡ôҲˣ
ǵġ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ˳ͷҡ
ʶʱر죬˫ɵһĬ·İϣΣһηĴɫӰī֣Զɽһ㵭ᶨ𽿴Ľӡһһȥ
趬ɽŨڷпȻֱ̺ɭ塣˫ֺǹɣбָһԷɪɪӰ֮ͣ½Ųһ٣˰˸ˡ
𽡪һڵضͷ¡һһιζŰ˫ɼеṦ̾ϢһҲҿ϶ֻ̽ѣͳ͵Ϯˡ̾ϢδֹͻȻӭǹɨ ïľ

һͬԱһ°ӰǶΧۡ˫ɲһϣǹش̳滨է֣䲻ʺ
˿ܣΧˡ˫䵱磬ǹꪷ϶㣬̻εһʱҲס˫۽һ£зµǣǹһƳ˾˲óһܲ͸Ĺǽ

ǹǻζ͸ҹɫصһµס˰˿֮׵򢣬СǷɻȷʧѾõİǹһʽഫΪֲŮʽʹʹó˵ҲȲ˫ʹУ̬Ȼ磬ͬӱʫķˣ˿ʶУɵ˫һʧǹǺˣ
˼类ƣͣ˹תݺݶ˫ɡ
˫ɾɨˣ΢΢һЦˡȿλ磬˫ڴλ񡣡˵ţǹʵ˾
˭֪˿;Ȼɫӣʱ͸һףʤ쵭¡˫ƵУȻʵλǻڹң
ͷ翴ˣȻЦ˵Ϊɳ˿ͣԭ﷣ǡ˫оɣһˣеôˣ
ˣɡ칰֣Ŀɢգ֮ɫ糣˾÷ŲһξгһţĿݶ˵һ䣺պ˼Źʱת˿ͼˣ޷񡣡

˫ɼɫУ֮µͷȴû߿𽵣ǰ˷ڣæǣ˫½һ·һ·ǰСߵòӰ󣬰˿ͻȻ泯˵δ͸¶˽ȴǰ𽣬Ȼڹǿزɱ𽲻׼תϵԣǶȻҳ֣Ǹ޷ɡҪò˵ճ̾һһ顣

ɫ˳ۣצˣԵɭȻɲ˫ɿ֣һá·վ£ҹ밵Ĺ⣬ȴãż˫ɫ԰ףչ
£
˿ˣһƻԼ飬ַת˫ת΢⣬ԼԼ˹һּ両ĳϼʣɺڲŲǶ޷ȥӱҶ

ˣڷɳ٣аûҪɱѽ
˫ĬȻһ£˫Σ󡭡飬ʲô¶óǵǰ˵ôΪ˾ңǴҵ룬صؽǼ͵ǰ
ЩңɼıƽƶǶҶΪ˴˽һ㡣˳Ĭһ˫ɻͷʱһĨ⣬ƻƺ̻ľګһЦ콫Ṧ˭ȵ̫ĵط
ǰҹɫŨںڰռʱУһ˫ϵƾУ΢Цصá
Ҳһֱ顭˫ƽ˵ֺ𣡡
Ӱ𡣺¹ķ磬˫ľУԵīɷˣתظơᣬƮڷзһκ󣬷ˣĳʰ·硭

˫ֹ˻˵Уڡлĺ⣬ںöˡ

δṦӵ־ͷ֧˯ȥ
˫ųǹĬĬߵӱߣˮˮףشβ㣬ǹƴϴ֧ϸϸտ㱵Ļ淢
İ׹⽥룬ȻѹͳذľնһЩ׳ɣϱЩһһʮزľ

ϸƵƯּ䣬ζȻ硣𽿿˯Ժ˿ɢնȻʱͻһƣɵۡ
ģճ˫Ծϲ
ճϼɱҫñĸѤáɼͦ絴ڶƹΰΣɽˮɫȥΩɺ͸ıӰյ
ﲼˮһ߷ָշưǧߣǧ࣬һһԾˮ档

͵˵һ䣬Զס˴˴˾
ʽлʺ絹ӳˮ˫ɾĬע½ãո̾һعӼ˺ճŹԳˣԶļ̾ϢȴȻֹ
˿̵ʲôأ˫ĬĬʣҼָ˵Щʲô


20.

ʣϼӯͥ١ҶĬڴϣԣη԰ϣ޶ӭɫĮ糣
ϹϾһԡ賿۹޺󣬹ӼԷȴžУҹ治ԲСվһޣĿӹӸһĲϴ˼
ӣƬ̰ɡ
Ҷת˪ͫʣ˶ˣ˯š
һ£ֵ𴫻Ϣа˿Ա֡
˫ˡҶģǹž̶޲޼һڳܷʬ壬һغ׷ɱҾͿǷĵһںʱ
ӿڣ似ǿڣӦûʲô󰭡˶٣˹ӵ֮⣺ڵȴ
ҶĮηʱԶֻ˵ڵİߡ
ⰵ̾˿û뵽пܰߣԯһɣɱͷˡ
Ϊߣ
пܡ
Ҫץ˳ʳ
պô
Ҷתӻ۵Ĵ⣬ϼʡϣͻȻĮ˵˫ʮնܵȣЩҵļƻ
ʱ벻ԾҲѣʵӵ˼ǣ
򡱻°˫һֱ뻹飬Ʒ桢ʯȺ֣²ɽ﷢ʣ̲סҪȥ̽̽ҶתΪأ뵽ҲᵣǣѪԣȺ᲻ᡭ˵棬ؿڲȥ
ⲻ⹫ӵǣ޷֪ʲôֻʣֱʣ빫ʾ
ɳͬһ죬һϸʯܱߴ䣬һеϢزܶۡ
˹ǰ˵ֽסʵǺ͹ἰļƻкιأ
Ҷصʮ֮ڣк㳲Ϯ޷һҪȵƲϿڡ
һ𣬴󾪣ӼȻ˿϶Ϊΰ
׮Ѿͳȥˡ
˭
򡡣
Уʦ
Ҷһۣ˵Ʊ£ضԣϸԼҲǱɳ£ôץס󣬲ʳʲôǶţҵļƻܳɹ
һֱ𾪲ѣΪص˼ҲΪѲ˵ˡ֦Ҷï޷ϣԿһԣÿЦеضԻɹ̫һֱҪ̰Զʧ⻹ǵðд׳شҸĲԣӾɡ

Ϸ⣬񳯶ǰ
ƶһץʦأ
Ҷƶ˵ץĻҲ͵ǰ
ʦϵױʲôܣ
Ҷгס˫ɵ飺
ʮǰҳҶľƣƺĵܵܲţǰǸľˮֲִ֣ڱаɽׯײûأ˴°ȥֵˣȻ֪ав֡
ʱ̽⵽³󣬾ͬڲܸĶĻ˩סػЩǹؼزֲźҶһֻһ֪սͻѩȻҺ棬϶׹аֻҪնɽׯ㸲˭ӳ
亹乣ӸЩѵ
ûҶֶ˫ս޷˫ɣΪҵķˣѫǰ㣬ȥ˱аȥն뽫Ʒȫͳˣ
ˣļΪ𺳣ʵս֮أ
Ҷָ߽ƿᣬ¶ȫͼΣ˵޷ɺص㣬һһɽׯǹ¶ĵ̣⡣
뵽¶˫ݣȻܹȫĵȣſ˵˾䣺¶ָӣ¡
ҶЦӦΣίʵж
סڣ漰ӵŭû˸ΡҶֵԲ˳ΪһҪ֡οӮҡ԰˵ÿ϶ȻϷ¡Ǵ㶯𣿡
ã͢ľиҪ񡣡
Ҷ˵⻰ʱȳĮɳͳ˧һ׷ʣҶȴع˵㲻ضǣҪͻ˷硣ȥӥȡдܺԶһɫַԸճʱӦ˯תӿۡҪȥһˡ

峿΢Ѭ棬Զ¥컨㣬һ侻ƷһյǶôӹŵ顣
ѩΪĹ֮һֹΪвɱشҹӵĸš˿һͨջڣѩ˸ѵλãȲ衣
ӭıڣѩ½󣬴ºӰ
ѩ⴫һĮ
ѩ۾һڲ裬±յס˱Եֻһ޲½ֻһ˵ͬǧѩκθ顣
ѩ׵İ˸ӭҶʤѩվ⡣
кμ̣ӣѩ˽ƣĮ˵
ҶɨһңĮ
붯Ȼһţͽ̡
˵úáҶֱͬݣͬڿӰӡδ䣬ͻȻ磬ӿȵ˽ȥ

ѩ׼һбյǰ㻮Уֱ⡣ҶӰɭɭбӱܿ˫ƲУһǿ硣ѩӽƷȴûҶԵֻ½󷭹ˣÿӯӯֱҶƷ»ƣʱήҴ£·꼻ܺĲ
ҶץʽָӥҶ飬ڵʱΪѩ࣬һֵЮŷȥѩմһ˿âѪܱرѩȻŲܣҶУָ̳סǰѨ
øյСѩһЦӾȻΪУ˼䣬ѩʤ
˻лΪ̳ҶѰøɾվͻȻһӿ䣬緫¡һмѩǳ£ѩ϶Ե÷ߡ
Ҷ˫â˵㣬ϰ֮ˣ˭Դ񣿡
ѩ˫۾ر˴Ҷתۿ˿ңĮ˵Ҳ֪˵һҾͻɱ𡣡
ѩ۽ӵһӰ¥£⣬ŲҶ˰ΧֵͬʱҲһҶɻϢȥ˷ǰΪץڴ


21.

    ̼̣ӳԵˣɽˮ·⣬ٲȻѩĹװŮسݣ׾ӵؿ񷤵ˮǷӺгббˮдתݣ񷤻ԭػһ̺۴УĲа
˫ɱ۾ƽ񷤲࣬ƽһ龲ֹĴʯĽëһ˿δӹֱֻߵ΢΢Ķ
ǳסһһ㣬ûءݣʧ࣬һֱ治ͣ
ڴͷڿԲˡ˫ˮλͻȻ˵æͷ󺹣仰ʹ󸺣æ˸ӱŰ¡
ˮȣˮģ񷤹Ȼˮ¶Σʼ˳ƮСķӭë׶ɢ⣬𽾲ˮɫӰã˫ͫβ׽续羰
ˮʱˮɽɫ̧񷣬һ򸴺󣿡

ƣ˳ȾѵڿԶʣһɽˮԶʡ˫΢΢һЦ˵Ǻһȴһλǰζ
棬ʵ˻˫ɲᣬ˫˸ȤƲƲȥɽˮ羰ϸ˫Ϣʱƽȣ˯
˯Ҳһôн̲סͷһۡ
һᣬˮƽ˿лˮôֲƺֻסƯ񷤡ͷ˿˵ԣ˻ϸһۺʧˮ
ˮֻֽ˯˫Ȼ˳²ǹֱˮףһԭ񷤴һΪɷݴ˻Х֮ˡ
󾪣̴𣬽ż̤һ㣬ڰ񷤡˫һ֮£һǹһɨһϴ׳ľ̵һײˮС
ˮ´ƺߣɫˮƽˮԾš
ϰռ˱˫ɵһȣԾԡ
ˮĴ̻̿죬ٿشڳˮ棬صˮڵȵ֧ˮ

˫ɹչۣһֱַɱɡڵ⣬߲߰ϣܵƬ̣һֿ֮أ˫ת𽣬泯·΢΢һЦǴ˴ˡռΪĪá

ǹ󣬺ɫڳзӿȻֱͬľϼ΢ɢĿâ
˫ɺϾصȴˮʱعʵΪ֪ң
˫Цһ£ֻҪغӲ鿴ˣǾͻ׷ɱ
˽׼ԵС
ʮˮˮɢ׷ЩɫмΪۣȻŶһȴ˫Į˵һʮɱ񫡣
쿴һۣ˫ɵĲʯᶨӭ˹һ˲侲Ĳ̣һѿڵܼǳ𡣡

˫ٴһЦһطԾֱˮġǹһߣɨһƬеŭ˾ǹϣһʱƹƹɱú졣
֦ˮѩԴԭķ֧֪˫ǰں¥˽ǵ󷨺·ùδʧȻ˫ǹдʱ̩ɽɨʽѸٻʢƺӱڣбǿͣ
ɱֻشڣδ˰Χˮ˶ߣֻһ˺һֽУɽȸһؽ¶ӨӨǰʽϣ

ʵ죬ͬʮʿ˰ΣõĴ򷨣
˫ɫһ䣬˫ʢţմԣ˵һˡɫǲ԰ףһСģԱʹ˫ɡ
ǧһ֮ʣ˫ɽǹһһӰθ߳һʽذδСӳ˶ĳЬ׸һɣˮ̿׽ӵѪ˷ںqqĲݴӳ˱ɫ
תīڣ컨ʢŭѪȶޡ
˫Ծ֦֦վɫ任ɨһ۵ϲкһɤ˵߰ɣٲ߾ͻеϮǿɥ֮Ȯ򡣡
˲ңΪۣ𽼴ʹţѪīҲɵü˸սһСıܿѳɺӵѪˮһβ˫ɶȥ

ݳʮﴦʱ
ߺּۻ˷͸һĳ˫ɱŰЩ²˶ȥһβץס½ǣֻüͷһǰһǰ߽Ų红ͯ糤üɮ¡
ڸѰ˸վȷ磬Ѱ˼˫ʶʱǣһƥȾ糾йĨɫʹôࡣ
𽿴˫ˮƵľ˫ͫȻʧЦ˫ɽֵݸ಻棬ƽЯǰС˼ãڹٵԺ˵㲻ô
ȡ˫ɲ̲˾䡣
ʵʵģ͸һ˿硭ҷٳܸԭ𣿡

˫ɵͷˮµİ£ƲûлشڴҶ·ĵطƽջýҲû죬Щ˽½ζ˵
׷ʣ˫ɱʵ÷꣬ͺһʹǱȳ˱䣬ʲôֵģ

һۣôʲôû㷢Ƣ˵ţ󵨵ֿգָ̾˵ˣѪ
ƽض˫ɼΪ񣬴˷⧲˫ɴһ£ӦһԵس֣һѸ磬Ʒʵʵֱϡ
ʹۣüңӴôݡ˫̧գ¶ɭɭ׳ݣЦСͶѡ
΢΢鶯üëһ·ǣֱһּ֪۽ĺӡ˫ĬĬߣһһӦһֻһյʱ䣬ȴ·̫ˡ


22.ź

зϣһֻڳŻӥһֱںӰȥ˫̧ͷ⿴һۣǰУ˲䣬ͻȻֻӥ˭ҵʹˡ
ĽŻºۣӥ߷ɶɣȻǾþѵ˲׽ҶἰˮƵ˿ߣڹ¿Ŀķ˫뵽˵㣬ͳӣ򴽴һ¡
ӥϣ𽿴ɵۡ˫Ҳ棬ȡܺһ飬ؽȼ

˭дģдʲô׷ʵ˫ɿ˿ܣһС֦ճ̿ң˵˺ңдغԶУ˫ſ϶˶дС׭дϣ̧ͷһۣ̾ϣģҪҰ׻һ𽲻⣬˫δ֣һкӥ˸߿ա

Ҫ·ˡ˫泯һ̾˱šϵ壬ǹдġۼɫ΢䣬˵Դޣ޳ƺ䣬ҵҴ¿ˡѯڷ׻ںʱҸץסֹʮڴն
ܺĽϼҪ𽿰ɨһۣ֪ҶΪ˽֣֮żƱز͸¶ܣϢʵһץãֱ˵һħͷ

˫ɵͷͬɫ˵ҪʵʮշأҪɱֹͲ׽ˣȻΪҪЮңһȥһȳá
ֲСɢ·ԣɵعһۡ˫𡰸⣬չ顱Щп˴׼ĵط˵պǷȵ⾳˿̻ɫɽҲ֮顣

һ׼õţȥ˫ͳӡź΢΢һЦЦݳĵϧ𣺡һͼʾ㿴
һ֦ڳϸָһֱȥһϾ裬ҪϳףΪһƥɷĿλС׹ӣſͨСתҩǰ

˫ɼСΣѣ²ҩڰǰ֣Լ뷨мðԣ˫ɲŽٳ𽣬ϣͬĴֵֻ֮¸صǰܽ
𽣬ϸ˵˫ɫֻ࣬Ҫ㲻ϰչṦݡϢѴͬûϳ㣬ȥȻڣҲҪˡ

ɬЦһδ˫ɫףϧػ߰գʺ֮ˡ
˼ǶϧԴڶɵ˫û˵ĵǲҶܷ߱ǧɽˮ޷Ʈȥ
ŵԶһķ紩˶ϡפȥ˫ɻֱһһԶССڵ㣬ɿ򱱡

ӥһҶұϡ⿴ͳһ͵ؿ˿Сտӥβ湫ӽ˿
ɫ澫żС֡
Ҷɨһ飬ȥּ²ˣڱˡ֣ɫԻ

֪һЦ֪ʲôı彥ڻȴĮ䣬ϣȷ졣
˫ɻغӡӦǶ˫֮⣬ʱӦˡ
紵òOO죬һ˿̿㡣Ҷתӻغ˵ʮһﴦͤˮҲֲľ˫ɾڱ˴ţּ͹ƽ治ɳĥۼƲƥϲݾдɣΪȼδȬһߡ
ŲϼἫζֻ̲ס˵һ䣺ӸҪȥ
Ҷ估ϣּĮ˵˫ĿǱϣͬУȴȥضΪź˺·ʮа˾źйأԡͻȻ⣬漸仰û˵

ûзӦɻʵ˼ǣ
ҶĮ⣺֮շѲպһ̡
δأ嵭ȴŲɵĿ϶
սޣʱľ⣬һƬ⡣ɫҶĿӵ©һǰ

Ӧдæ룬ҶҾӣɽʧֺ󣬶·½ὫվУӻкν
ҶȻδīͫ㶢ɳ©Į̿ԭѩӦɫ죬ӣӡ
Ҷعһ̣ĮȷһҪע⡣
뽲
Ҳԭ⣬Ҷ϶ǵĿĲô򵥣ΪԷһӾۻ󣬰еб㼯صʮݡ
Ȼԭ˵ľӲþ
ӦлඥЦǹԶ
ĵ׽ǵ£档ҶԸ
Ȼ
ӦмҶָĮģعȥ

ˣŸתһĨɴȹӰһ񣺡ӡ
ҶĮ
̧һԭǻ͸λǹӴݵŮӸۡǰӰٻȣӴӼԶطöˣ˫ɡ˲öׯԼݣʳȷǻˡ
͸߽˫ϥ£۹⣬ӡ
̲סˣ»
ҡɺɺȹ棬۷ζׯӣ£û˵ҶһۣĮ˺£Ƿ㵣֮£
ͻ¶ϲɫƬ̺绨ܣήȻҶ򶨵صڣüתĮԿȫ˪ѩϢ԰һľ۷Ĭ˵һܡ

ǰѩ°ʧʱЦﴫһ䣬ԼҶպһһݷáδϵҶĽţһֱչˣҲӽˣ˼ǰòڴ·磬ԥ¡

ԱϣҶδ¶κ뷨ֱĿ⣺͹ظտ⹧ۣҧź촽¡

˺һ᯼ţʶ
֮ɳһһ©죬Ҷ𣬴Ŀɳ©ʱŵ̫Ʋڣӡ쵺ݵĸ㵹ӰʱŸյĸоĹڼɢԭ۳ͫʷſһ滨ʼͷס
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҶ½ѩףʹ૵֮ʱ֮

ҡҡλεվΣžĿУǵ֤ɳ©ָۣһ˫©ӦƬϸСɳɢһأڹԡ
ԭǶꡣҶԳЦ˫ʢ⣬һյỺ޼ˡӹȣ΢էϸԾĬĬעӱˮ֮˵ô
ȹɴµı͸ص͸Ӧ֮⣬ӽļҩ룬Ӱҩι£˿̺ѾϤζԷˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦЩرɫʼ⡣ɾӱˮػֻһ£ҩбϳ˫ϴҩ䷽ȻܰѰˣֲֺΪ
͸ҶĮǰУȹ׷ϣӿҪ
Ҷδͣ٣ֱǰ͸˼⣬ԯʣҹѶңҲʱӣҵǶ׷ɱˣڳһˡ


23.Զ

˫ɸ𽣬ҹ·̣ڵհʯɽţ·΢΢ЪϢ

Ͼ˷糾Ǧأ˫ɵͷ°ڣĬĬ滺˫ȡֿͬһʿ룬ڲ׷ټһ·ȫݳ룬ֻǿӹǣӲ·һ·;۵ÿɽ̮

ܣɽɫȻĺһŵͰΧĴ廧ϡϡ洦ɼŵŴ˼ҵǽ߹֮ŻڱΣ̡
ûдûдСûİݺᣬʲôûУֻŲɽèһл˫д棬һЩŻưܵ˼鿴
һӦȫŴ뿪ʱԭƹһ磬еŮٴߣȴԺĲк
ѻɢΣ˫ϸİǿŷʬ²ǻġ

֪أػ֮硣
ʯɽĲݱ˾̾׳Ĳݸ̳εѿ͵ɫŨͬĲΣ˫Լ䣬ĿԶӵľǿŰȻ⡣
ʫơӡﲻĹʾӣȴǣ֮ǰʱΪǺĵط

ɰٳǧƻʢ֯ۺ£ֱ߶ϱ˫ɻ̤żϥ̲ݣָһһľ涡ů絴֦ҡҷ΢΢ش죬ӭϤΥϢ˫ۡ
ƺּξһͯͷɢڣִֵ׷ɫܣǸӳ˫ţССѾӡһһѪ߰ߵӡӶϱµɽƻҹҹˣǿ˹
һˣ㻹𣿡˫ɹ˫ϥͲҶڱ̺ϣأأ˵һˣ㻹𣿡
ٵķʡɽɫǧأٵķ÷ֹж׳ı档˫ʣͻɬжתգҭУպգΩκ˵Ĵ𸴡

ãХϣĺϦӳղҶϣƹǳǳĺ⣬ڰ׷೤ˮʯĺҹɫ˫ɿһһ׵ĲβҶ۾ɽ鿴ֲ

ɽ泯ɫ̹糣ɽµıľɭɭһ߼ʡ˫ͬɫּݺԾΡŻĶϱֱǰ赲һнĿܡ̧׿ϡǵҹǴڳһ·ܵɽץ¹ӱϣÿ׳ƻʤһժȡԶ벻ͬҰƷֱűڽöӲ΢΢˵ɬ
Ǹɿ࣬عȡ˲ͬʡ
･ǧŻ͸ХХһһķ˳Է裬˫ɳ񣬻ߵɽԾ֦⣬

ׯĴʧϱںȺػɭϣܣȷ벻ʲôɣֻƶϻ֤ʵ
ϰϰأձ˫ɼ硣
紺ˮƹ硣
峿˫ϴϣðɢѰЩնϺ跨Ͻɽ¡

ʯ˵˰ʯɽ䣬ȴǸŴɽһԶ˫һŴһЩЦá

Īڴɽ
ӹӶ˥䣬̨ͤ¥Ժ컧ķⲻ꽭ϣţ˫ɵϸϸʱľɫ
תǴ£һĮӰȻüĿɽƣī
˫һۣ°Ȳʣһͦɣ
ιţһ󾲼ų򡣺ɫгӢӣľĿ䣬װ粻ͬڵˣڿѩ׳°ڸڱϥݼѥƮͬɽˮ߳ĹŴ͡
ɫĳɾ䣬һһ̤ϣǲֺ϶˫ɷһʵ񻨰֣¶ν·źĵĹ⡣
ûǴѽӦǰʹڵ
ϵѹŽΪʷԶԶκһӷ
˫ϳǰ׷䣬ĬĬֱעһһȻд˽һǰеԨԴƶӦδŵӼᣬӦǲ֪дɽɡ
Ϣؾ˫ԣüԶɽУ˫һֱֱ߽߲¥¥˽ǷҶͭ壬طһʱִಡһ¥οյķͻȻɳһ壬ƫ˫ɡ
ʤ죬ɼ֮ȡ˫ɷӦ٣ӵתһӽ֮һС

ǸӣϧѱΡ˫Ʒжӵͬ򷭹ܣƮƮ˵ϡ

¥ֳһ̵Ƿڰεꡣ˫ɵĳ֣񣺡Զ׽ñͽʧ˼֮Ӻ
˲ʱѳʵĹŽŴһɱء˫ɼȻʣ³棬æĶŵػ

¥Ұ⾡۵סԶȫΪ˫ɽһֹϢ̧־һյ˵ʵ¼·Թɹˤŵ̽ӹ־Ԯ͸񡣡ԳУվһϡ
˫Խύ֮ġԶ̽ʵû뵽°ߣʵӡҳƹˡͽ̸䣬άӣϸ΢ĽĺøСΪ̽˾ٺ͵ĳһ֮ͬĽơ˫ԽȤ΢΢һЦյ빫ӲҪ񣬱˫ɣ·żӹŷʳɵö࿴ۡЦЦɫ
ԶüĿ˵Ӽפ㲻ȥǷлҪ£
˫ɰôˡº͵԰ʯɽǹмö빫״²ǹˣ㲻֪ڣû뵽ӿߡٴһЦĿס

Զü˫ɵЦݣȷǱɢʧӣɥǿڡ˶٣ҾйرŻҪ棬Ӻ
޷˫磬³֡
ڲ¥ϿͿؽ̸
Զ˫ɾǷȳȡԴǽ֮ˣڲ˽£һһȥһЩ

ԶΪŴţʦɽѰܲߵӣʦͣΪִһֵͷѱ׷ٶԶƷź̷ܸ
˫֪ʧĹƷƴ׾ۣҲǳ˲ٿͷǾһӳǹȡȻ˫Ҳö෽ʣ̸֮ԶȻԽ֪࣬Ȼƽ޹żɭϣŵ޷ɽԵʡ

ķ紩Ѭůˬ˿ĵšԶתһ۽ͷɫȻȴ̾һ

˫һݣͷ
ʯͻȻźһ̶ˮѶ£ڵ̵Ľעһѩ꣬ʱǡͨѩ׵ȽػǰһĨ̺ۡ
˫̾˿Ƹǰڷɢ˰գĬĬһյԶƺ򣬲ɫתߣ衣
涯˺ӡ
ȵͣפ棬̤ѩҲ˿Ө£̴ԯԼԼԶӹһۣԼ϶ݲͣһڲ衣
ԶʿֱͷβףŭɣһشļʸڳԺɭ䣬Ⱦüѩ죬˵Ʋ
űӹֿ԰͵ָỮᣣͬ˿Կ̳ѩŵ֮ģһſա


24.Ϊ

˫ûлͷϸԶɫǰȳȣ͸¶ѶϢȡ
ĴңϣҶıװ硢ϴȥϢ󣬲ôƶһϳתһ룬Ų˲ϲеҶܳڴ˴ȷô׺ȥ
ԶͫͬۼɽˮָסԵָ˫ﰵ̾һƽ˵𾪣Ҽҹӣиǡ
Զ죬ǹʩǡ˫΢ЦŻ΢΢һת˽档

紵Ҷīڷ˿Įüۡ˫ɿźɫһ·ͬƱѴﲻɵһͻ
䲻ʶҶιƷ¸ʵӰʿų׼־°ݡ

ԶһμĮˣƥʻķ޷ºӰʧɫеĺȴߡ
Ŀֱ嫺ˣ͸ű̹ǵĺ⡣
һݣȻɫػ

Ҷ˫ִ䣬ɴ΢΢ʢ磬Ʈɫ½ĵѩףīüĿ˫Զƶ֡

˫ɱ¥Ҷȴ˿û֮ͣ⣬ɫΪԶסϵö¥ӣʾ֮ɫӡ
Ҷ俴һۣѩպ£Ȼѷ˫ɼҪǰУȻס󣬼һҶλѡ
Զһֱ
˫ɣҶĮ³֣۾۷ֱԶӦᡣ
˫ᣬҶָý֮ˣؽ

˫ɴһקס󲻷šһ۽ݵĲڣ˵ӽͣʶݣȱ
ԶŴ˾üĿʩҶһδڣ˵˽ţĪôֱ۲
Զѵ΢΢һЦصԭ乫Ӳǹӣˡ׾ͽٳЦ˫󾽣ԶݲȣԼ²ҶӿĶţ޷ֻͣ˸ƣȥ

Զ˫ɵΪѣǰĮǹɻȻɵͬѩ壬ظ˿ָ޳ȶӦһ˫ս֡
˱ҶӣϷݵģֻʦµһͣҶ

Ȼʶ񣬵ҶĴ˵֮١ǴˣܿҶĪɱŹɭϣ˫ɴãΪرҲӦñâѡ񰲾ȥ
Ȼ˲ôЭ
ԶȽй˫࣬΢΢ĿʾǣתС
ҶһֱУ˿ȴͻȻ֡
ӹһ΢磬ǹѸ׼ȷϮԶ
ԶĴ澯裬һֱⲻ¶˿ҶĶλ΢ʱŻУб°ӹ

˫Ҳͬʱ֣μˣú˳סҶ˺һ
ȻȻ
Զ֪Ӯýң˫赲һ£ض˶ȥ˶ȥҲڽ㡣ҶնȻң˹ȻС
˫Ǹ⣬ٴζ룺ӣ롣
Զһһ¥˫һֱעҶԾ֣̽ʱæӣתעִӣΪΣ
Ҷ䶢
¥гɽϢ縲Բһ̼󺣡
˫룬³ƽػһҶ
Ҷƺѱ䣬Ŀ˵㳿¶ľ˵Ϊ;Աӡҽб·ʮݡ

Ϊʲô
Ҷ˫ɫĮصǵùžһɾ˧
Үɱ
ǣȰ岻ǣҮִⲻը
˫ϽסĻһôɱ
ҶԲѵЦһ㺦˭
ðɣðɣ˫̾ŭ˫Ҳԣ˵
úܡҶ˫£һߣƷĮ˵ͬΣϲߡҴ·˽ӣͷ¶ûׯģ

˫һԵص˵꣬ЦЦôҶһݣʹץˣ˫ɿһ糺ϣˬƮ㣬һڣסҶı˵˵ɡ

Ҷ§˫ڷ˻Ӷһһҩζ촽ȴͲݵҧҮɱȻûҰģܲö孹ԭʱ侮ʯ

˫̾ѣеܵԶֲδɡ˫ɹסҶʿûĳֻܷԶͨС˫ɴڷĿԶ͵ıӰҶһᣬʵô˳ʲô
ʵʵڵ˿ҵ򡣡
ôҵҵģ
ʯɽؾ֮·ֻҸ·̡ȴû˵˷Χ󣬷ųɫͱ·顣
˫ɳҶʱЩ٣ۼѽ粨ͣϢĻ

磬˳ݼζѡ˫ɼԶȻԶУĬһյϸϸƷ۹⴩͸̷ɵĿڼԶĵطȴδšҲ̾Ϣ
ҶĿ˫ıӰͻȻڿ˭˵ŽҲʶѹ̸˼黹

ζظƾãȽ𣬹ҪҪҲ˫ɱҶһĨ΢Ц

ҶոףһЦ˫ɣʿ֮ʲô㻹ǵ˵Ļô

˫΢̾һԶѾԶȥӰ߻±յЦǵáһǵƢԣ˵ʲôһɵɴιȥ
ҶЦЩƫǵã޳˵
˫Цü䣬ݸı棬Цͬ£Ϊǵ˿ҹĻ֮ˣֻǰ߷壬˫ɺ޳֮˵
ҶЦݣ΢΢һ˫ϸɫĮ˫򣬹ְòˣ۾˵ҵȻǵ˵Ļǵ뷨Բҹ·صߡ

Ҷϵıѩīͫʽ˫ɱרעҡ˫ǰǣָ˵̫ʱҾ˿ʲôֻҪӰһҾǸǲ㣿ȵõɽһʱҲ˯𣿡˽ƣ΢΢һЦҶһֱ㡣
ͬѩϿ˳ҶԽԽϵɢͷ鲻Խ׷𱡴˫ɵգɫƽǾĴʱͻȻסƣʮһ󣬳ʹô

Ҷɫɵϣ˫΢ɼزĮ䡣˫ת΢΢üĿ䳺׵˫ֱͫīͫʣۣ㲻뵽˿ԱǰʱҵǱ˺һ㣡
ҶѸǵҧ촽ɵÿڳ˿ɬɿĮ˵ҪһͷʨӳԲô˫̾ϢȻҵķһҪҵ飬ɴΪѱˣɽΪ

Ҷسƣ۴罫Ȧǰ˵ֻҪ˽һ֮ڣһɱ⡣˫ɫһףȰҶȴ۹˫ѩĴƮ䣬˵㲻ң¶ˣ

˫űܿգɿƣƾػҶɫȥ֮ɫñ˪дϬһգգؽס˫ɶܵĲ˫ɣΪʲôҿң

˫ɳĬתӽ䣬Բ
Ҷס򢣬ֱƬͫҴδ˱΢СɵҷɵһٶҵġҲ¸㣬Ҳ߲ҹаѻաŭͬܲգΰƲûкֻ˺֮ˡ
۾ؾһǣ㻹Ҹɵô
˫סûкͷ⣬ֻںͫʽ⣬ֹǰԵ۾һ׵䣬嫺޲ԼԼеʹ

ƣסӣϣ̾ϢһǺáҶ˫΢˫δϵһ˿˵߰ɣ֮»ٲ·Ҳϸϸ˼̧ͷһЦ֪㵣ң̲ס˳ʵܸмлĹҼǡ˵գضһתͷҲص¥ȥ


25.Эϣ

̺ĻܽؽϣбɣȻĿķ߲ۡƵճᣣǲɢ˾Ĭ֮˵ü˫ɳĬؿڳڣϸ
Ҷָӣ˵ҿ˳ۡ˫ϴҩ¶ԭòҶήٲҶüֱָĦգʲô˵仰
˫Įƣľګ˵֪Ҷһ䣬ɫ㻹û˵Ѿ֪ˡ˫ɽ˫ɫؿնǰ˻Ųԯ䣬ббؿ
ͬȡ˹żûû˾ʲôûУ˼Ĺ࣬ŭһб⡣
ҶģЦһغͱһ𣬾ͱңˡ˫ԶüĿҲȻҶһ۹йµɨ˿˯
֮УҶɭɭڣǵ˼֪һǧټƵ뿪ң켣ңڵ

˫ɲƽ
ҶݣֺҴƥֵҰ͸ˣ
˫˵òͳֻЦɫ䣬ͻȻ۾䶢ҶҲĿī䣬ϱʤһ
̺ôúܡ˫˵ҶУֱֱײ˫۸ĵס˫ǲһЦЦǴȵ죬һ쬵ܲˡ

һҶĺҲˣǰ֮˻˻ֱǣץ˫ɡᾡݻȻճޣ˫ɸ޴ɱܣһйͱץס˫
ԽԽҰҶ˫ַ󣬿˿ĽǣڱɴȽ˲ˮ˫˫Թۣһ˿Ц⣬Ц˻ң㻹ʲô飿Ҷֱס۾ৡһĮһƬ˫ɳʹ΢üͷס˲л
㣬Ѿˣ㿴ʲô
ҶĮ˵꣬˫˫ȣԼ˫ϥϡ˫һСˣһɲǼӺ͸ޱߣ֬ȾϼóˮŵסҶͫʣҧһһ˵޳ſң
Ҷգ΢΢һЦһ½ϸϸѩƤΣ۹רעѲ⡣

ʣһƬѩϾ
ķ縧˫̻¶Ҷֹڷ΢΢Һܺ¡˫ɵķ˿ҶѩӣβĶϣشطҪ˺ңҳе𡣡

Ҷ쳣ؽת§Լһס½һң׳ʲô£
˫ɺɤ־䣺ꡭ¥δ˵꣬ʹر۾ҶȻѹ§壬޲ؿڣζˣϢ¡

У˫ɷ񣬿İػɳ˯ȥҶ跨ĬĬѪƬִ̣ƷָĦͦüƣճĿ˵ҴӦǣֻҪ㲻뿪ҡ

˯֮У֪˫μʲôǳǳӿЦݣ仨Ʈˮ棬һȦһȦĵһ˵档

绨ҹˮССӰ˫ٴִɫڣֶһöѩֽ˱ѩ㢣ͣӳһǳۼӶ˿˺ۣ纮ɵͿĨ

Ҷԡ߹ȣԶӴǰˣһĨڷīɢӣںڶ˪üĿĺ˫»ĲӰڰ߲ϡ
Ѻ˫ɻָ侲Ҫ齿͹ݣȡֽī
Ҷһֱӭų΢⡣˫ɾִīϳһɽӰӣһʿţŲæٳ
ֽȼȴϸˣճĺĺԶɽ̹ȡҶ߽һۣ΢ѵ˫Ƭ̣ѵ˫ɽַ뻭ī
˫ɲӵԴǣʶ࣬ƽʵȴɣ׼ڡ

Ҷָֽһǣ޳ָڽŲƷ򣺡ֻ壬Σ

˫΢΢һЦŻǴϻۣҽ׽̵뻭ʣɽ续ɳʷҶͻȻסдһлֱٹԻ
˫ĵ׵Цǰһӿ۾˴ǰʯɽǹȡֱҶҪ

Σ½ߣҶȻҹĲɵػӵ˫ɣϵ˫ϥã䵭˵Ҫ˵꣬Ҫˡ
˫һǯסߵƣ̽ʱƹҶϣƣɫͫѩ䣬Щ뵡Ĳ԰ס˫ȷʵҹŵ˳Щͷգվá
ǰǾ·һǵãǽ¶Ͻӣ˫΢΢ֱҶīͫʣޱ档

Ҷȷд⡣ɽׯȦ֮ȴԸӦ´¶ս䣬Թá
ʤıܣܳжͬʱղڲе
ҶһЦȦ˫˫ΧϥߣĮ޻̸֮
˫δĮԳֵģİ죬󷢺޵ؾϵͷ㣬ܶҾ⡣ΪҲףûⷬģ
Ҷɫ䣬Ȼ̸´ξͲ˼ˡ
Ҷ˫ﰵЦȴů紺˸Ķӣ΢Ц˵㣬֮Ҿͣѵ㻹ôҶĮĺƣ֮⣺һʱ䣬ٲ˵Զûᡣ

ﺬ棬ʾ̸ˡ˫ֻɬӿ֫ٺĹӣʱЩ޿κΣȴƲ˶ľϲͬ¥ϵ޿ɴ֡
ɣΪÿվһЩ˫ɸԼƣѧƽϸϸĦͼָ㣺ǹڶʬŮپȺǺʱվãɼܱߴ䡭
ص㡣ҶƳߡ
˫̲סһ£ñ˿ɱ˴Ϊǹȵܡǹȵƫͣ̣˽ȥͲ׳
ӹǺҶһ䡣
УԿǰ֦ɢɫ
˵ôûϢҶĮԭɱˡ˫ɾ㵣Ҷһۣ𡣡

˫ʵȥ˼ѩ⣬һʱûжѱҶĮʵǹȵ裬֪
ʱɽ֪һȺĽݾ̽ʵֶҲ֪ҾͲ˵ˡ
Ҷἰʹ£ƾֹһ̣ʸ־ظȥڵ˻˹С

ǣҲ²еص׼ӹ֮ĵطΪʬΩû׳ӣܱ˿

˫һ˵ţһüͷڱ绷ָֽ棬һöޡ֣ĿĲкӵףһĴͬҶ˿˿۾
Ǹ׹ԵĿӵףӤľ׵ǷͺǷֿģʹʱ֪ĵǷʹؿĻҾ磬ֱû˺
Լһֻš
Ҵû˺޹һˡ˫ûס˼ʧ
Ҷ˴̧ͷࣺΪˣ˫ɡ˫ɴľ΢΢֮ɫ
ҶģȦڻ𣺡ʱվڰʯɽðɣѪԣһ̽Ѱڶ϶һͷײȥûô嶯Ҫֵҵˡ
˫ЦЦЩȻȭվһʱŷ紵ʹҶգ۾˵ңǲʲô⣿㱳ЩΣ֮¡

ɫ͸ʯͫй¶̫顣˫ɿѩ׵īˢֱֻۣһƬų֮ͫǰƲĬ
ȥƳҶ˫ɺߵӣһʱЦϣǰҲһԣ˫԰§ĲҶ
ҶšһϸǰС¹ײͷڷ˫ɳɼãս˫ۣһԭҧǸĵ׵Ȫ֮ˮӿ˵һ䣺Ҷһֱ㡣


26.Э£

˫˫պΣ۽ᶶȾ˿͡佻գ§Ҷϼ΢ͣίʵԡ

ϮˣͬƮƢȻ˫ɳϢţʱ㿴Ҷī˫Ц΢㡭Ȼѣһչǯ޽񻪵Ĳӣ׵Ҳһͷ

ҶЦһ֣ϣ׼죬ؿڣ͸һ˿ôﶶίĳ˫֣¡

˫˫ȥձˮ̶侲ڷϵĵӰ͵һЦٴκϣȦŰзĲſңҶЦϣֲͣ˫ɸĬקš
ҲաҶаһЦѩ׵ƿһ㸡ת˫ɺ޷֫𣬻˫ϥϡ

䡱һ˫ɺ쳱Ѿûһ͸׼ҵҶ֪Ȧ§ĺ߬š
ʹ˫üкŤֹ
вˣ˫ɡҶаЦЦһƳ£¶˰˫޳üšҶͻ𣬳ȵٺˣ
ӲˡҶңΪ㣬һ˫΢΢Ƿҵġţ˫вѸ
͵ƹȻ֣Өһǰ
˫ɱƲգĿѩ覣ָЩĲ̡ſңż͵رܿǵ촽
ҶؿڣšִشܲѪܴݣ֫ٺ˫˫ƾܣֲ˺ץգܾã˫ͣȥ

Ҷһᣬں棺˫ɣ𣿡˫ͣЩ¡Ҷͷ­ֱ۵ף㲻ǺңЩ¥ļ䡣

ĿôһĿȻĴϻۡ
˫̾ϢһҶ֪ԼֲĶÿαֱͳǿȥԡ˫ֱסĲ˫ѩɫգβǡ㡣

ǰգ˫ɲȾزʣ˵Ҷͼڷں쳱档
Ҷָ壬лӣ۾
ī˫ڵ÷Ƕѩ׿ϣֵȻ
˫ˮԳȥۣü˳Ŀϥϣ΢вԾ𪣬ڴĹѩ׹Ĺƽ

˿糱˰Ҷɫһȷ˫ָץظ˴֮ߣظжһ۵ĲȫȻǸڣ̻ȣһȦһȦؼѹĵط
õҶҧס˫ɺ촽ƺȵƸһߣɽȴץֻط˫ɽǰѲħצ֐֣²ɫȻб󾱣ڰ񾱲ҧһڣΪˡĪҪôߡ
ҶݣʺǽڷкĿоúδȻ˫֫

˫ɵͺһ˫ֻ§ֻƽ
ڷɢںľİ㻬޹ǣס˫ɳ֦ڵ±¶š˫ԲƷ㣬ü۲ʤӣתݿദ
ҶŴգȥϢؼ塣ײĽ࣬Ʊ̽شط䣬ȹ̿Ȼ֨ѽ죬ǵ
߻Ȱ޼һɫɺӰ£ůԷ
˫꣬ɢҶ󼹣곤ֱɶƵԽԽ죬ԽԽ֣ͣսӭţʹĿţ˿˿Ѱ
Ҷ漴´飬ƸסľԵȱ߽ǺַڣȫֱѨģָ˫ǰ
гҶɫһߵӡ
𵴼䣬˫ܲסǿҵײ°ĲԮ䡣Ҷ΢΢ǣ˫ư棬ͻؾ˫ѹһҶ

ɫӨף⻨֦ҡ߰ӡڰѩұϣǶ˫ۣĬĬעҡҵӰ˼ӰӻζϴƽһĺҶĿߣʤ°״񣬹΢Į
Ѿ˯ѵؿ¹⣬ãŲֱۣҶ۾
ȥʢ֮⣬˵
˫ڨЦֱ飬ܷſô
ҶĮɿ֣˫ɳջأľĹؽڣ˫ԡҶ΢ӣں鶢ɷˮµݰΣͻȻ㾫Ǻõúܡ
˫ĬĬһЦǿ㣬˯Ҳ
ҶƣӳظϷͣ۾˵֪࣬ͲҪܡ˫΢΢ҶƽǯסĮ
ҹһӣ˫ɲɫ˱仯ϹԹſؿڲ
Ƶ˫ɷ䴫͸ǶˡϴȥɾҩζͷڷסظǣҪʲôҶ㣬Ω׼뿪ߡ
˫̾˿°͸̡ҶͻȻ˵˺Īظңϲһˣǧ֡
˫ɲ֪Хܱ飬ﾪ棬ȴƽʵ˭
ҶûлشֻĬĬͷ

һƬžˮ¹⾲к
Ҷ΢˫˳ѩ׼·ȥ͹֧µףƴ¡عһָĵش˳ȥҶʱĺܲ

Ҷһϣ˫ӱƽϡͫɢ壬躮÷԰ʤѩЮһ˿󣺡컹˯һӹ̥һڴʲô⡣

˫ɵָ£ЦҶ㣬ʲôĵģ
Ҷضƽ˵ȥ㶼Ҫƾܰ죬˹ɣôҷġ

˫һݣհʯѾշתǳ˿ֱҶαװֻ̾ϢһҶ˵ʦɣǺһϬ
ǰ²׼룬ǡҶͷƶ˵¾ֱ˵ҡ

˫˻٣ʵʵػش𣺡м鹣
ѧ˲١Ҷ˫ӣ˵գһܺú˯һ

˫ĺ˫ͫʮ˵ҪץѩӦҡ
˫ɵͫԲڣͬѹӢɢ˻ֻ꣬ʣ½۹ǵͻأҶε˫һʱĮûпڡ
˫סСصȴһҶŵУֻҪӦˣԲֽš

áҶ˼³һ֣˫˿Į˵ѩǸŮˣҲм֡˫ûסɣɫЩ֮ҶЦɽǲģ˫ֵİϷװ

˫ɲЦȻĿѴƽԣ۾һ̣̲סУҶ㲻˵Ҫú˯𣿡

ҶѹסӣЦңָʥ˾ӣָ估ĵط˱˫Ƭ̣ѹֵ
ڷ컣ɫһ˿ü۵ĮעӲãء


27.

ɫ£ˮشγˮ죬һ·ѻͤǡ
ͤŰ˽ͤμˡ
ѩһֻѩˮһƬҶҶˮƯȾɫ˪ԵЩС
ѩװ֮ˮͤȡ˸ɽûһɽȻСˣϽҲҶۣ˿̣˼ֻܹ˳ͤ࣬ϸı̲ݡ
ѩһЦ˵ĺģôˣ
Ͻذ˰ݣ̳ϢҮɽӦҪԼһ̹ǡ
ѩִҶ˹۲תãһսξƱβɹӦǴ׵Щ
Ͻһ£ΪҶǷ֪ǵļƻ
ѩһЦɴߣؼ㷽棬㲻ҶʢΪѰ˫ɣٲЩֶΣܲ²ⱱֻ֣ҪȷϢԴڴʱһ֣˵᲻أ
ϽĿ⿴ѩ漫Ϊ˽֡г½֣ӼɵԼ
ѩҡͷЦٻ⣺ɵӣ֮ǰ϶¶ܣʹ㾡ʯɰºƳǰΪ˲Ѿ˴ĿгκһʱǰƷʹɢҲһ
ϽɵĿ⣬΢΢һЦʵʹ˹Ӱһ£

ͶˡѩƵ˽֮£ǲҸԼζĻӣЦ˶٣ƶЦһ£ӱ
Ͻˣ˴ô죿
ѩҶҶӱԵϸϸͻȻ˵֪Ϣֹˡ
Ͻѵ
ǡѩؿ΢΢һЦ׮֪֮
ϽĿ¶ɫѩֻЦظ£ҲƶϳȻ٣߶аߣŮᱻɱ
ǰ²ʱκ¶ٲһֵͣŵӣЯߣƷ˹ע⣬Ѱ򡱻֤ʵɣ˵ʯɽǰȦɱİӦþǱаɽׯˡ
ѩЦ嵭Ʒ磬ڴ۽ǡϽƵһЦĬȻ
С֪Ҷදȴ޿֣Ͼò˭뵽תݶ˼
Сͼƣλڰʯɽ´˽ɰĹܵɽڲѱ˳ʱʵʵ񶥲ˮ©ʹըɽҲ޷ײȱڣһ÷ɽҲһ֮ãʱѾɣ޳Ī
СֻµĿŵɺͨܵͳٿɽˡϽ֪๤ţͳҲᱻһԣɵ°
Ļȣɢڱ̲ݴУ۰̣Сɡѩҷȹգɺɺ̤ϣꡣϽĬһֵ˿Ƿ´ԯ
ѩʰһС˿ҶӶ˵ٵȵȡ
ˡܷʾʱ䣿
ѩ̧ȻһЦʹôˣΪǸҪ
ϽڨȻʹ𽣿
ڷдشض꣬ѩת֦ȻǸ֮ʱڣҩرõɣҩҪƵĹˮǰʳƿҩԶڶ孻Խʱһͳҩˡ߲˶ԶֻҪ³ʱڽ
޹ǣ˿˿ȪϽļ䣬غս
ϽѩһۣЦʹҪģҵܵ˳ͷԶҵĻ
Ҫʹʲô
Ϊ˶Ը˫ɡѩ黨΢Цǰڶķ᲻ö֣Ȼ˽顣˫ɸð踾ȳɼĿǳˡ
Ͻڨڨ߿ǰƻУ
ѩЦ֮Үɱ˧ǰսѩžһ֮ܡƽɵˣһҶһӦУϡ˷ӦҵҪҲξǣƶʹûʦշơ
һ𣬼ƻʩСʿҪξȴ޷֮ǰشҶӣӦƱܵǣʹԭָӣʹﵽҮɱĿġ
ϽȻӦһͻȻʲôɾգΪβסλӣ
ѩһƳһҮɱûӦҵбûʮþȣҲ˵չһЦӵ̽̽ʼղŹ
Ƿ˶Բߣ
ѩϽһۣ֪ʲôصصôãΪһӦһֱȻڵҶӻּᣬ֮һ׼ʱסӣܾĵЧá
Ͻ亹乣ѩͻЦ绨ָסȻһٿһͤУⶼֶΣ͵һѻȼž̨ΪΪܡ
ϽΪβھۻֽţ
ûôѩЦԯرأҪȥ̸סСС֣ҶֻҪҲˡ
ѩعܣָϸˮɽʯЩڰӾǹؼ
Ͻ˳ȥ
ˮһȻˮȪĶСķˮݺʮ֣ˮӳ²׷ɢԲ̴Сɫɽʯѻ֬һһ׸պˮɫϵӡ
ѩ߶΢Ц빫Ӷĵ֡Խ淨סͿĨɫζҩˮһˮо̫գҩЧɢͷԣʱٳ֣ıҲӡ
ϽȻǰС˵Ѿҩ԰£Ȼѹһֱעҩ˽ȣԭӵЧ
ѩǺһЦҵѾܾˡ
á
ұΡĴլԺԴǰ͢ҺͬǧȻһƬҲưû䡣
ҰɭɭƣصʳС飬ɳɳ͸̵ͭչ߲̮ǽԫ
˫פ㰫ǽ⣬شԺڹ⾰ƬɬԾǽڣԺ
ƿƵİẔ̇߰Ǻ˵Ļҳζһ·ֱһŻĵԺǰ¶Ż⼣߰ߣǽӲݴ֦Ҷӵֱ졣
˫룬δ̤ϣƮԺڣΪƻԺ˾סļ
ȱһǵķͤڣСױڰ߲ϣЦеɹ̫
˭ȵ
˫ɾװΪ˱ܿ׷ɱСײʶԭЦСףңҺͿĨ£Ͳϵ𣿡
˫ɣˣСϤתϲһ˹
С׵Цݱ̫ů۳ξͬӤ档
˫æסӣЦСףûô
С˫գ˵ˣϾ׼ҳţ壬ݶܷš
˫̾Ϣóһƻݸ΢Ц˵㣬СʱԹҰصժ㡣
Сϲ⣬ӹԡ˫ɴ꣬סߵͤСףмҪ㡣
һѩȥ糾ĵ˫ɿŲïݣĵ׵ʹ£ɳԵ΢
ҩǰȻСߣǰɽΣ֪١ҵϾСףֻ֪ŽǰҹȥҲټ
ձ֮ޡ
Ͼδ˴СլС׻ΪûչԱۡͬԺֲڹʾǵ⡣
Ͼһ·°ǣ˫Ѱ˴δϵӭģľ
Ͼźۣվ£տڵһֱͤˡСЦԣ˫ɳĬƬ̣˫ɺСףվ¡
ϾмҪ㡣ɫ԰ף˫⣬̳ͬˮҡҡλƸƼ
Ͼۼֿӣ̾Ϣ˵ɣ䲻֪£ǰλµǡ
˫񣬲źۼܿϾ֣һ飬һ£Ϊֻˡ
·;˫ڹ·У˾ţ֮˵ɹҶǰУԼС·ϵԭҶδʯʱ˫ɾ˴㣬ֻҶͻȻļƻг̡
ڶոϻʱҵƻԻ͡յʹҽֵŻϣ׼ͬ˫ͷֱߣֻպûʲôǵ΢⡣
һỷ۴ǰǰִꪻȵߺˣصҴ
˫΢΢ߣ˼ͻȻװ磬صԭ˵˫ɣҶӸ¡
ԳƸº׵ʱӻ˶ظԯ
˫ųߵԺϴһŽš͸˫ɻظֲӰ˸Ѱ˹һ̤Ÿǰһ棬ԡϵ˫߳
򡭡˫ɣȵȣ͸żӯӯһ
˫ɲһԣƽ͸ʲô𣿡
͸ݸһЦ˫ɣͷȥ𣿡
˫ۿ±͸ɴˣЦЦѾˣ⹫
͸һ΢Ц˫ɣջظһֱ⹫Ӵ¸ҹΣֻ˼ڶ˳֪ǲϹθڻǺɡ
˫ͻһЦʵ͸ǰҳʱۼܷ
͸ҡͷ
˫һЦΪϣһֱǴ¡ۼ͸ɫȻ΢΢̧׵Ҷѵģ»ȥֻҲ֪Ǻ°ˡ
͸㵣˵˫ǡû˵꣬˫ɾʹУż˫ɣӲУӻҵģ
˫ɵ̾һ˻ðɣװȥ⡣
͸ţ˫Ϊμ⹫ӣ˫΢΢һЦδ𣬱͸ױȡһϡ


28.׼

ˮаʢƵƵͬǧŨױĨ߷㡣ӨȾһĨ죬Լᣬ˫ɶԻǣԳһЦ
ҶϴԴ㡣Ҷ߿ͬ
һפŵǰ
ҶһϮŸ󣬾صȴ˫߹;ɳʱĿҶһж˵˫
˫ɻĿǰҶֱ˪ͦͬɫԶɽͣﰵ䲻ͣǰºʵӶôҪţ
ǣϴü꣬Ҷ˫ݡָץڹ˳ģ´ȥ˫ܹĿ̽ڡ
˭Ҷֶʡ
һƬ˫ӣ˵ԷôҶˡ
̴߰Ŀʳƣǲ֮ɫ˫ɳҶЮ˼ߣһԵؽʳҹɫ緱֦ɢ䣬ڻ谵һһɢͥǰɻĬĬƷζɫWʱҲЩʳ֪ζ֮⡣ҶͻȻ˵ûػô
˫һתһҶǰ߰˸ɫߣʳĸW⣬ʷеɽæʳѣȡһɾʳã콫ŶԸ¸΢ü¡
ҶĮɨһۣ˹ĽŲŲæܽˬڣϸϸس˼ס˫ɼ״٣ɫȴԽºͣԵ㣬Ե㡣
ҶĮ˵˿˫棬æΪȡ˿ҶδЮ£ɵǸһ
״飬ײ˫編̷Ҷţһֱĵؿһ΢΢ɿҶ̧׷һ£ӹ˫һ̵ߵòӰ
ַӨ׹Ĵѩ硣ֵյɫΪһ壬̴⡣Ŵսƣϸ۲˫ɽҩĲ衣
ķľ϶ֿϣຮµĵ˪յǡʤīĸ̿гɷĩ˫ɰ߶һıһ㵹غз
ˣЧô˰Σʵ
˵˱ҷˡ˫æͷ̧صҹըžʱֲôһɾԹˣҩˮ׶ըͿĨʸϾû⡣
һ£Է˲ն
˫ɼŽֹ̾ʵ⹫ӵļʸ׶
ǽи⼫شȡһ֧ݸ˫ɡ˫ɾͻתһĹâתͷϸϸ鿴˳ɽԸ͵ͷ˿԰γѪͬˮѪҺ
˫ɿһۣû˵֪Ҷô˼䴩Ҽ򡣡ⰵڣ˫ɽʸջҩͣϿĻ⡣
̥񣬳ҹɫڹΣ°ºš˫ɵ˵๭ĵӣչ
Ҷ״˫ʮɹǰչ£̥̾עǿԼԦ˹ӷ鴫
ݸһЦƳһĨӰ󣬹˵ӡ
Ҷˮɫ߳Ȼһ绨ľϢ˫ɣվ˫ַʮָ
ҶָϢ˪¶Ŵ͸һɵ㡣˫ס񣬳ʵô
ֱ΢΢α̣˫ɰѣֻ䵭˵䡰šɿβˡһ죬ɣ˺©
˫죬ʱձײҶߣҶü֣ۼԾǰЦˣԸ½֣
⿴˫ɵĽͣͷͶ׼̽ȥҷסҩɢ䣬ѻ֤ʵȣѼʸ伷ѹȵλԳֽ߱رɡ
ʱҶߴ˫ٴԡ˫֪ϰԣԡḥ̂Ѳ˯£ҡҡλε޾ӡ
ɴʢ𣬴ҹں飬ҹµĻַת⡣˫ɷҲ²ȥĬȻ˼Ҳͷڽƣ˯ȥ
߰ҹټգȻԾˮ棬ϲԴ͸صϴһ
˫ɻӣҶ˯ϣ˫ۣɲǵİˣɫҲճ˹â
ʲôƢ亹ߵ΢Ц
˫Ȼ޷˵ԴڶĹҶ䵭ӦͻȻаЦԭ˫˼֮Ҳҷ
˫ɲס֣ŭǹӣ
ҶһҵϣҾͲ׷˽ӹ
˫ЦҺʱ˽ӹ
Ҷס򢣬Į㲻׼ͬнǷֿܼҵˣòҲ֪˭
˫һݣɫº˵ˡҹ·ʵƣһʱûлع
ҶĮԣ۾˫ɳڶԣְԴ˹ȥͦҶ˵ӵҪȥô
ҶĿ˫˳սǰϦԼ㲫ģȻġ
ҶֻǱĿ˵ѩļҶʶ¡
˫ɾĬһᣬ̲ס˵ǲʲôƻ
Ҷӣ⣺˯ţ
˫ɸϽϢƽ˯Ժʱͬڻ֦ĵп࣬һ˫Ĵ漴üգһ԰ߣ㵹أ˯𡣡
ǳָ߮ýݣ̽ǷĻ˿˫ɴ󼱣ΪˣѾ˯
Ҷüʤͥ¶˪͵ѹס˫ӣǶͷץ֪ܣûû˯ţһû̺á
˫һҶ˫ȻϣĦ˫ɱʲôϢУ޳ܵúܣ˯ţ
ҶһЦպǵøЩţǿ繭ס֫Ȼɼ˫աظһյ⣬æعӵء
ɫʣ鴺ˮŶȥӳЩ΢⡣˫ƽԴ˫ǣĬĬעͷɴ趯ţ˹װкǧ˿
Ҷݺһ޷ߣĮ糣˯ˣﳱ˹ζӳ¡
ŵһ˵
ĻҩǰѧȻҹѧ˷޾֮ɫһжԲߣװֶΣпѾ뵽˷ѹֽĿʱͳ
ɴƮ裬ѩķ˿ĵװ
ս֮ǰ룬ǳ硣ֶι䣬Ҷ˵䵭ȴûס
ҶԼҲף²ƽ˿ӦԼôǣ
˫ŴŲŲֱۣỽ˯𣿡
˯α˾ţҶ۾৵һ±ӭû㣿
˫־ŭɫҲ̲סһԾֱۡҶۼֿ죬קס󣬽ϵؿڣ˵ɣôˡ
䵭磬ЩΡ
˫ɺۣʵ棬ѩ֮Լδ㣿
Ҷ۾ڷȴûлشĺʢ⣬䵹Ӱ̶ƶĬĬ˼ֿ˵ʵҲ֪ѩкιƣһû¡
˫һڡҶ˫˵Щ֪á˯գٳңҪˡ
˫ĴɻǵСףȻҶ˵ƶŰɵ˯ȥ
Ҷ̺ӸϣͻȻ˵Ȼ㣬һƽеĵ·
ˮ˫Ѿ˯ˡ


29.

ն壬ƶӳϼʣҶȻƮ㣬Ӱ׿׿ɼ
ˣ͡
ݵشٺϣڶֺͬٴ㺣׷׸˵ءҶǧɢأԯⲿΧػƵɽͣγһϡ
ɵغѻѻվԺ䡣ӣ糱ӿ̨ʮ壨¼壩޴վֻˮ˸⡣
˽̸Ժڸըض˸űɭϺפۿʿƵ塢üںй⣬ŵַ׷׵ͷߡ
ˮڷɣѩʢİ÷ʹҵ֣һа˸ºͶ޲֮ɫ
С׵׿ԼɫŲбӣ˶֮Ͼ費֪æʲôÿƵ÷㣬Ϣݴմ֣Ϊүү˫ɡ
Źٵһһηӣ˸ɡС׻Уķüۣ½ʢڣһţ²ůڵķ磬ĴȺЦݲϡ
ȥãֵ֪Σӷۣԯֲ˽ȥΪΣ
һ󺺹һЦ㻹֪λӵƢ԰Ӷ˵ľǼӣҶӲˡĮⲻֳɵ
Աһۼֿס˴󺺵죬˵ҪСģղŽȥѩʶɣ
Ĺ֮һѩôˣ
˺ߺһЦǰѩ¶ڹ¶׷£ŵһ仰ͱؿڴѨ˺ۡͲСһʱ棬Ϣɢ˭˲֪ӵıԣ
һ£ֵΪѩλӣ
ӦıͣѩáСŴ˴ͻȻѿ˵תĿһǳЦɵ̾
Щģֱʣλӣ֪
Сԣץס˺ڷϵ˿УãȻҲ֪ղźһ仰ѿڶˡ
ʯڷ⣬纺ӰལװǣҶӳ⣬ʹøӲ֮ЮӰӣ֮⣬һƬֻİν
ߴ͸׵񻨴룬ӳճ´Ρů˭ҲûóȻڡ
˾̫ڽһϵİ¹ӣϢĮʤУԲһűʸеĵܡ
⿴ӡҶ˫ɫ԰ѩ¼͸ͺڷ΢Ժӭºͣ¿Į
Թ¶ͷֹһֱĮӿüı˪¶ɭɭ񸲸ѩɽ
˿ķڣĹ¶ԣ΢³ģǾܲסݣһۣԽĿ忡ߵ͡
ζɽׯԣǵ˱аɽׯռ˰ĵһ顣¶ֲ˹ɫĻ͸˾ΪԵȦͼ¶Ӧ£ǩһֽԼ
֪ʲôԭӦһ򲻵ͷСҹӣӦзӵģֻҶ
ϭϵĽӳ͸֣
¶ʱĹ£͵һֽ״Լǩȥζ˻ݼսΡ
û뵽ˬжĻԼ֪ʱҶٳʵ±ʣһֱĮҶȴͻȻʡѸߣףŹƽϢΪ顣
ʡĸףڹʣ׸׵ĴвһƬ
¶һḧؿڣԣǩ֣¶
ǿ֣ܵ㵭÷ӡ罦ȥһԵôЦ
˼ټˣ˽Բ֪¶ԭҲһöӣһݸڳ
ڿɫ
ˮܷŵɴ£ĽΣŹ¶ԣѪǵüʵ¶ӣ㻹ô
¶׵Ůİ£Ѳʶһֱ硣
˳һĬ͵£αĳ¸ң
Ժ䣬ﶼûӰͬҶȾշתƮȥ˭ҡ
¶ܹ裬΢Цص£ˮ
ˮܷɬһЦȫɫĽ죬ǰΪţ˱ѩ°ȥɽɣ»ʮš
ҶĿӦһۣӦг𣬷˿ۣỺž΢΢һ˾ӣԸ
Ҷӻ޷һս·ӢЭӦеȣ¶ͳˣɡɽɵЭǹ޷սһɰٻȵĻͶͥˮΪ볤֡ŶЭ
ϣӦп˿ҶΪ¶ǩԼϲ־档¶鼫֪ץסʹù¶β޷Ӧ
ԭȻ֪Լ²⼸֡
ӦĬĬ˿ƣϣ̡


30.

˫ŵ뻭ֲࡣխ䡢˿ϵ¾͸һֵĿ
üͷüӢͷףͬԺڷ硢ٻտڵ塣ꡱһ֦ϣӦʺӰʤձ԰ʣá
㡣˫˫һ߽Цһ˫ɣô
˫ɵͷۣϣԼ¶ӣҪº֡һɢ¶ǰضֱӴ˻Ҷ׼ǰò֧˱͸Է
Žͺ󣬳ϸϸΣǺһЦ˫ɣ˵Ҷ¶ңҲ
˫ɻݸЦݣֻ࣬һʪ޷һ⣬Լȥ
ָΧ˫߶ΪģҲǲǼ棬Ҷĺݶ
˫ɾĬжľתȥȥˡ
ش£˷ӣԽԽԶıӰ̣˵
˫ɱһЦĥ𣺡һҲŸģÿΰҳԵģ
ȵڻľӰ⣬Щ¶һִֵԣһִлšĹ߸һѣüĿĮڷɢͥԺⲽʿ񷡣
˫ϸɫݲӭ磬ɫ˵ӻô
ӣˡ¶ɬһЦٲͷ˫ɣһָĿôˣһöӡӡ
ҲƵͫˮɫָ΢΢ҲƲ鲻ԽķӦ
˫ˣ̧գЦЦ¡Ӳؽǣֻ農С
ֻ԰޳ͣڿ΢٣˹¶ƽչվž˵ʲô£Ҵ㾲꣬ú顣
ƶ͸ӹɵļᶨĿ˫ɺϤƽҶ˻ҪĥʱƱơ
˫΢۾¶δʲô嵭¡
˫ת˫ַϣǰնԹҩ¼֪кο
ҽҲϲ¶ƿյһЩ֣Ҫƽҩ˵ķӣµʦС
˫ɷ˲裬ǰʵӵ˼ǡѾ֪ҩ䷽ˣЩϲ⡣
¶ȻһЦֵá˶٣˫ЦۣЩ˸ˣһǵø㣬䷽Ҳ֪
һٺϻδ͵˫Цϣ̳Ĭ¶ֵֻŶѣֱûҩѪҺֻƲ¡
˫̾ǲܿ϶֤
һۣΡ
˫ڿӴ֣޷һЩҩǣû䷽Ǿ޲ߡ
²ءӡʯȶҩΪǲ֪ҩɷ֡¶̾Ϣһ˫ͬ
б֯Ӱɺɺͬ΢΢͸˳Ĭһأȴ㴫һĮ˫ɡ
βתһתźı˪ѩʹ˫ļⶶһ
ƶŲοմתһѩ׵ӰҰº裬䵭سǰ
ҶǧâŸϵ信ڱӰҲ塣˫ɿһۣʵˣ
ҶһͬﺮѩɫľһƬ˫ɴ˾ҶδϣǸֶĮ˵񻽴ˣ˫ɡ
˫²²ֵ÷ѣ䶢һۣҸպ͹¶̸飬㲻ô
¶УԹۣץյһڡ
Ҷ˿˫գͻȻָָ԰ף񣬼仺ȶش͸˫ɵʵӡ
ͫѩļͻһ̣˫ͻȻҲףһܶ㣬ָܿҪ췭ظ
Ҷָָ˿棬¶һӭҶЦݡ
˫ɣȻʦӦû¶Ϊʲô
ʦ塣
һѪ˲
¶ץŲյֱᾣվ˫ǸȻ˿¶תҶȵҶ
¶ĵ׳̾һ˫ĨһĿȻΪҶѶѿȴ˶˶ԼĽޡ
ҶĮĵضŹ¶ݣһ篳¶ЦݣǶס˫󣺡ƽؼ˳Ǹƫϡ
˫ɫһףãվ󣺡Ҫ̫
Ҷһ΢ţܿƷ硣¶ʱת䵭˵һ䣺һȸǡٲȥ
ɫһΣ͵һָƿն𣬼ϸ¶̨Ѩ¶ŷӰһãָ紩䣬΢΢һηסŸ
˫˫һۣӣۼƣһģҶؿڡҶ㲻ܣȴǻ̧֣¿
˫ּľ׮һܣ;Ʒ޷ж£˸뻡⡣Ҷ΢һָλɡ
ڶʽһ㾪輴ΪԵԸƴű˫شΣա
˫Σỽʦ壬ˡһԶ͡
¶Ŀ⣬ʵӫӫ˲ӰϽһֱ֧ӡ
Ҷɫʤƞ¶΢ӿӰͻаһЦ˺ϲˣʥӦº濤뿤顣泯˫ĮһЦ˫ɣô
˫֪¶Ļڳ䶨
¶ҿһ𣬅һŻݵأ԰׵ݽ⣬͸Ͼ
۾˺ڵĽë΢ж
˫ɿɢ÷״ѪΣд󺧣ֱӣӣ
ҶקסĮɨһ棬ȵżʲôˣ
˫ɼŭģЦΣ˽ݺݳؿҧȥ
Ҷ˿§סй˫ҧ˼ڣɬȻɫˮ壬ħ֪忹סһֱԵҺθɣαȥġ
˫ɽȥҶδֱۡ
ӭŵתĹߣҶüĮһδãʱ˵ҹȥˡ˫񶾵ػˡǡˡһ˼סһɡ


31.

Ļ棬Զ˽
˫üǴˮҶǰӰҶüĿͬ˪ݰٲݣĮãһƬұȹɽס˫
ɨһ۾ƣԼ²ⷢ£˼߹¶绨͹˵ôһת۾ͲҶǲһᣡ
ҶһЦа˫ȴĬȻ
ҶͶĴ٣ҶΪ棬һҴ۵Ĺ֣Сرͻܻĳ㣬Ǹƺ㼤ֻþضһ񣺡ûùȫԲסˡ˫ɸ񡣡
˫ɳüĿ䵭ϢƽҶԹĶ࣬ۼ˺ĥ¶Ҳƽߣѿ˵һ¶Ϊᣬһֱ£⼸ûһҩ
βָأĿս־ûʺС
㣡Ҷͻһȣɱʱ𣬡£ң
һȻҶѪ˿乣ҶŻ£ŻگѶʱҲƲסػϲ뵽Ļ˴룬ҶЦżгһĥ
Ҷ̧ѩصĺĿ̫ҽԼլԯҲҪһӡҷʱ䣬˿ٳһ¶ˡ
ס˫ɣ϶ȥι¶ɵȥˡ
˫̣Ҷһ죬ץӣ˫𣬲ϵƮĺڷ΢ӳƣ˿˿ĺɫѩա
˫кޣǿŤѣδϵҶݣǵصǡ
˫¶˪üۣϸϸ˱Ħһתıƴؾ
ͬѩڻıϢ̣ѩ̻ʺ±û
˫촽Ҷܣͷ­ҡɽϵķ绨ľҶͫһݣָڰĺԣǯסݺݵɡ
˫ɵв£ճһȡ
Ҷ˲һ̣˫ͫãȻɢ绨Ϣ꣬ɿһ˫ںڵӽסգͫǺ嫣ӵĹʲ˵Ϣ
˫ȱ˱ߣȻף˫ץסƽƵ½ҧһһ䣺ҶΪԺסңҪƲøɾ
Ⱦ죬󱡷ۣ˫ʢ֯׺ĹâɭȻһ籪Ŀ
Ҷīڵ۾Įؿ£޹ʹ
һһãҶǱѵıܣ˶飬˵ǵǾ仰ô
˫ɿ󣬅һǰڣ˼񶾣˵ôݻôǵһ䣿
Ҷձ䣬δ˫ɵŭֲŲæһǣȻңܲúûؾһ
˫Ӷز죬üֱ
ˣ˫ɡҶס򢣬סõ󣬸ȥûɱ¶òЩֻҪ֣Ҵûһëǿϣһˡ
˫Цһ֣ݺݵҧ촽㲻ȥˣҶл쿪ﻹֵ㣿
ҶǶһֻһЦˡ˵գڻڵصپһ˫ɻˣҶӴסȦؿڣ΢˫Ϯȥ
˫Ҷ֣գͻȻڣΪģݾۻǲУֻͬһΣɼвɱж֡
˫лɨһۡҶ´⣬ĮԳֵ˵С׶ˣϧ©Ͼ衣
ɱ֯׷϶ͷ¡
Сɫأ忡ȴɽֻ棬ת
ѩӸ£̧˫ۼǰ
ǡѩһѼϸխɭȻָأبŲĮ
С۾۵ƻٷһͻϳصĽмֵƵġȱ
޴ڶΧ
Ҷðϱ䣬ȥȴһ½ͣĻо˵Ǳ֮ӦУһ˽˶ͥԺ
˾ǣСͻǿ֣Ϊ侲
ѩȫûһ˿ͬһɽʯӲɱ졣Ŷǰ˿꼫ãͻȻ˵˲֪࣬һλ
Сס
ģϰƻľ֮ң
Сֱǰ³֣ǡ
ѩؿ֣ˣҪᡣһϣ׽۹
ɫƥ̣ݴ͸׷ҶС˫ĿľҶͼѩ˵Ľնϸ˿Ʈء
Сżһˮ˸ƣ̤ԹеĶλҽŽŸŲƣλסһãб֣ܿѩʽɱС
İƮƮʢ磬˫ָδһһʽ
ѩۣͫбҸ˿ػСײ
ʽеĽ֯Բһɵľ𣬺Ͼѩǡ
СɫһףǿҵĽüĿϵ鷢¶Ө˫ͫҼ任ΣδĽ
৵һ£С˿з볾һͷ㷢ɢڷСչ˫ӭԷ裬ȵþδʹмңѵһŽȱѹӲƣСָܲ£˫ĿһȻץѩݡ
ָ룬һһָץǯһСɳǰѩ͸΢⣬ָСơ
νһ𣬰·ɣӰɭɭԺֲڽвֱ
ѩס֣һȻӵȻּľ˻ص
ѩԾ⣬Į
Ӧдֱ֣Ȼ˳ƺһǷѰ֮¡ĿѾﵽԶҶס֡
ķ紩Էɫ˿۴ش죬ỺʢƮ䣬ŵشž
Сװºڷӭ翡Ӧһһ߽˫Ŀ糺죬ֲ𣿡


32.Ц

֣ɣӦвɫ۵׳˷شصػƮ䡣
ƽƶɤ·һ̣ڷкϺ£𣿡
ʢɱһС״ԵеȻ䱸ɳӭŷ磬º͵衣
ӣ˵𣿡С׻ӾĬֵˣֹסؾ棬˭Сװ
˫۾Өɫĺںͫһע˿
Ӧнסһһ߽̲ݴʱԿ̳һһĽӡ
þȫ
Ҳῴ˫ӯ磬ĲһӾͲǡ
Ŵأ͸ƲӦʱӢӰΪϣһҵزһڰġ
֪Լ飬ۼй¶𺳱ŻСף͵ƸסԼ棬΢ͷѩӣ㽫ʿߣˡ
ϵӦеף΢ʱŲ֪ӦƽضѵӼ˷µ΢΢Ϲжȥ
ѩһδֲ࣬Į䷢һС
С׿ҵĲݴԣɫӦУЩңӣСײð󴦣ֻ̽õһЩټ˴Ѱһˡ
ҪӦнУ˿࣬Ʋָ˵㲻Ҫ£Ҳ˺㡭ܾá
ѹ֣˫糺첻ˣһһƵĽŻɬ֮ӿͬ컨˲
СǾСסСٿһμˣ˺Էǲ࣬סɣҲϵ㡭һң֪ΪҾͺܺ¡
Ӧٴμʹر۾ͣ
СżӦгĬʹһֱҡ
˵ֹԼԼƸ˲һ˫ӿͬʱЩصĿɬ
֪ԼŮϾûкͿ֪ĵز
ʱҲ룬ΪʲôҼǵһЩģӰأѵǿүү˵ġһɶ
˰һˣʹ࣬ǳһУҵүү˫ɣҲиġ
Сһ½һַɢķ˿ʮ˵ӣ϶ϴˣһֱס޸ɽ£̤ԭ֪漮ηǷȥϣ߹ӵλҲסϣòЩ󣿡˵껹ֵЦһЦ
С׵Цݴڱ̱̺ԷĶˣ˲ů
һֺĻЦݣ¡
Ӧп΢ЦԽʹ֣ҡΣҲ֪ҡ͵ǳμɣԱšҽӦУ漮ƽݡġġ
״ε˵˼飬۾ãȻ˵δ򡣡
ǾͶˣСӯӯһЦʤƲʣ˽еĴţҴ֪֣һû棡
ϲѣȻӦд˿δ׷ҹֵҶǱ߳ʲô©
СײԸ࿼ͷ۵⣬˶ֹĵسɳȥӦһд󼱣˼ץȥ
ӹһΣСʹķ΢΢һܶ㿪Ӧеץ
˹Ҷͬǧӿı̲С﷢ԾҶ֮ϣƮ˫ɡ˫ɡҰ
һȦһȦɢĵ׵Ļҡ
ӦҹҹǰҲ޷侲˺ԷС״󾪣ɫû˫ɺ˸⡣
ӰѸǣɲǻԺܽǣʧѩǰ
Σּɫ߳һĮӰ˷仨ļžڴҶ
ҶѩߵҶĿǰϣѩҶ
û´˾ԲĵĴˡѩ뷽ŶԵУĮ˵һд˫ۣĽŷ̤ԹǵǲļԦȴ޷޽ӽУֻܶܣҵʱС
Ľ˾ʮɷɱУʹܲΣʱڵȻӳϤҿһʮʽ٣˽ŷ⣬ʽûһ˿ļӰӡ
ѩһ˵꣬͡ҶȥĽ䣬ĮһЦת
˫˫ȭգֱɭɭҶ£ɫҶӸ
ҶϢ߽ɫȽ⿪Ѩˣˣ
˫ſҡ
˵꣬Ȼ⿪ѨҶգľҶǰС׺ֶһˣĽйŹɬЩ費ᣬʱƵýϸ룬ºһʾȷĵӣСס
˫Цһ㶼֪ˣң
Ҷǰͫ˵СȷûУֽͨԽŷȡʤԺѱƳ书ѩڴˣպԳݣ
ɫ䣬⡣
ҶָüĿĨȥǵĮɫ˫΢΢һƲӦǰ̽
ǡҶؽ˿ڣЦûƭ㣬ʲôɫҽмҪ㡣
˵˫٣Ϊ͡
ҶƵգǣòҲ˵
˫תּ䣬ĬҶ裬ڹӳ΢ĮȻƬ̣ͻȻ˵Ҷ˵´ٺΪĲ㡣
ҶĮ΢΢ɶǴ˸ӭŹҡǵˮơ˫һᣬָ˿ǵˡ
˫ɻعϸĿ̲סһбüѵáûҶֵҡ
֪ҪȥֹӦСҶסڷԼĻ࣬ϣ㲻Ҫ飬ҪȥܷʲôһҪԤ
˫ҩǰ⣬˼ص֪һɣͬȥ˺ֻѭԸ֮һŲܡ
Ҷһ£ĿѨӦû˵Ȼ̡ܲ


33.α

Ҷ˳۳ȶУ͸֦Ҷϣ᯼ΰ߲߰ĮԳɵʡ
ˮܷŵöԶԶһѩӰӯӯһ񣺡ӡ
ҶϢ߽԰ӰʱüĿһ壬ѩƲ飬ȴЩˡ
ˮ̧ܷ𣬿Į΢΢һ롣
Ҷת⣬䵭˵ˮ֮ͨ£ֻҪԦѰңسҵ𽡣
ˮܷ죬Įİ¹ӣֻǿʣصǡ
Ҷһۣ˽룬ĮˡʬݵǴɱӣʼյ˫ɵİȫͻʣȳѡʲôô
ˮܷϬԾģ뵽ձаɽׯֻ˿ȴһɵ̾ѡ
⽥㣬ͬѵľˣչ֫ٺǧůԡ
΢ȵķӭ洵СԾƺ쳹ֵ
һ͵ķ⣬ӹȺֻܾԽԽԶֻҫһɫıӰʧͷֽǡ
Ų·˺ܾãС׷ϡϡ絭̣ǰȥľĶǰ
Ѭ棬£һߣѩ𣬷źɫ䡣
΢΢磬ؿŴ󺣣ھˮ֮Ĳ׳˱׳յĺ£ĿտԶڳμĴ۷
ҫ¼ɽʯӰӣ𵴣Ʈ٣Ůĵֻңת
ԶǰżìɭɭʿͬŽС·ΧסӦۣԶк߳紫ɭͻ˭ģ£
һ£־ӣҶӻȫΪȷӵİȫ
ӦлҶϸ֮
Ŀǰƶ뿪ԯǾʿѱѩ°ȥвǰ
СӭĬĬɽʯ߽ӦС
ӣԩ޳αؿơ΢ͷʮ棬ҶѾ˵ˣҲʶ㣬ٲƣС׳飡
ӦİĮסؿһôҵȥ
С׽ŽɵŲŲԾ𣬴ɢ̵ɽʯ
ӦмվȵĹ⣬ɵȥ
Сλʯʩչһ˫ǿҵһתǾһƫеӦ档
৵һ԰ӢµۼۡСԾӣȵٹһҾͺ£ٲñҳˣ
ӦвȻһЦִŵֲúãҿʵģҪôҶĸԸ
С׼˷ôô˵
ǷˡӦҡƣؿɽʯ£̫ҺϾһйϵӦ˸״սԶӹٽףΪҾܴѾѾ뿪
ʲôҪˡСƲƲ죬뿪
ϸ룬ᶮġӦнؿڣԵԼʲôģԼǸŮ˭
СĬȻͰΧĶ飬һʱΪ
Ӧлɫ԰ѩֻع£ĺһˣҴ̵ġ֪ƫһ磬Ϊ˶Ը׵İڣҺĴһʱҾֻ֪һĻһˣһֱҵԭ򡣡
СƶǶ͵ʲôĲʶ㣡ʼת鲽ߣıٹˣһƬ
ضɽҡغХѩϣǰ䣬˷˻͸գ̶شС׶Ĥ΢ͷ࣬ǰС
Ӧйʯ᾵ʯϣһǹ˺˵˻ٿһҲģ
С׽Ųһǰ
ϵö뿪˴Ҹ飬֪һߣǴԶ޷ۣ㣬ҿһۣһҾǣ
Ӧвźı¡¡񷣬طӣֻסأʹֱ
С˶䣬ֻѩ¹ǰȥѸ磬
ӦȻƳŵأдŻ糺죬ǰȥ
Ⱥ֮ï֮У˫չڷӯƮ
紩ҶףĮƣظաˮǳˮɢڷ۽ʱڴһһε顣
͸СӰѶ£ͣ
ҶΪִ飿
ΪҵѪʹȫ֪˫ɻعſĮ˵ӦɱʱǷᣬȻˣͲܺڡ
Ҷס׷ʵǰӰӣҪȥԤ˵˽£
˫ɷ֣ȻһЦҲ᲻֪ߵغС·ҪߣֻȥӦУٴ˺޹֮ˡ
ҶЦݣӵȴ뿪
˫ۿź±ߵһʱı纣ˮĴ±ڣȾ֫ٺ
Сһֱ㣬ӰľţԸӦд´࣬Ӧȫ£С˲Ʒ磬ƥһһ޾ǧˡ
޷֣޷Ӧг֡
Ӧбڷɽ۵ӰμǵãǷ綤Ļһֱصĵʰ޷ǡ
û뵽Ӧϲ˵Ļö
պӦ뿪ݸϸǰ;δΪ˳¡
սձһ档
ӣôҲǣȻӡ
紫ʹ˻Ҷӻ춯Ҷӭ£ŵ˫һ
Ұ߳Ÿʳ޽ҶнŻҶƮ㣬Ӧһ丸׽̵ʫ䡣
˵һةΪ廳ԼĽᷢӣ˺ƶʱĵεΡί¼ʱޱȣеһˡĭĸ飬ů紺Ц˸׵۾
˫ɱĬĬһУĬĬżЦա
Ҷ˵ض˫ת׿ľŻƣһһƵػãһֱͣ
лСƫŮԼǭ¦¹ԡݣ棬ưνΡ


34.⣩죨£

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쳾
ں쳾
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Ц׳
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м
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𣿡üĿǿ촽Ѫ죬Ҳȥߣ͵һΣһɡ
Сѩ죬˫΢㳣Щӣǹˣߣֲ֡
ӦһЦĬĬؿɢЩü۵סΡΡ֣ƣҵһᣬҵȻҪϧ㿴ģ
ָָ졢ɽ̫ʱ̫ɽˣȫһˡ
Сҧҧ촽ץס˰ʢ½󣺡㿴ĺܣСˡҺܺ£ҪˡתȥɫԷ衣
ӦеָήҴ£ǺǡЦҡβͣЦãһһƵػʯϣƻӦͣһߵ̡֪ ϦϦ˵⡣
ңת⣬ǲͬζֱΡ̡ʱɬǯסʺ
С䣬һ߳ǰߣһߺػͷӦвٺˮڵӭ಼˿ڷ裬ӣʮҹʱһˣһŰ֮࣬ǧӪ֫ˡ
ӦƣдѪʯ棬ƵɺӦڲŶʹ
ƣؿʯ飬صʯͬƶСӣվϢʣûв׳ûֻǲ԰ʡ
Сתͷɫɢ̻ã
Ӧо쵹أķ˿ѵ촽أڷв֫һ
˻кźĺصڶϿգ罻ֻһۣ
С׽Ųһͣӣ߿ˡ
ףֱǧ˻ڷС
С˼һ˺ѷεĺǷʹӦи޹
ХΨһİɫ
ɫìǣֱաһ˪һ߾״򲻶ʿǿʹһУ˿ڣ˾ҷСס
ÿִһĮж֮ͷ
˫ͫ糺죬ɫ԰ף΢Ĺâ͸֦ɢԴĮȻǡ
ͦֱſ
˫ɣС۵Ĵ˳͵سİΧס˫ɵӣ˫ɣ˫ɣΪʲôڲ㲻֪Ҷô°һӽңһƬΪʲôڲ
ңҲܻңҲܺ¡˫ӣСײȻԯңҪˡô˿ţӡϻ㡣
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Ӧã紵ۣһһ˳ѳɺӡ
㣬籡Ω֮˿κι
˫ԶϱһһɽУӦʱơ
ԹӡȲԲ԰ףɫ
ӦпۣãȻؿã˫һֱδƣľżһ²࣬ٺˮ
˫һʯ棬ʯϣһתǰ
ڷչ׳棬һһĬ
ɽʯᾣɶĿŭ˺ķΡ
ˮңҹδ롣
ʢԺѩߵʳ죬ߵʴأʲôܹࣿ
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˫ɣлӦӭõյͻ˵
˫Цһδźɵҹɫ
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˵꣬ҲҲֵС׵ʹҶҿƶظ㣬Ʋʹȫ֣ʧޡ
Ӧе˻һʹ˵ˣһֱԭ򡭡Ӧ񡣡˵գת˫ɷ񣬡Ըǡ
˫ɻع񣬿һ̣ͻȻ˵Թӣ㡭һǰֻ֪ܳɹһ룬ȥô
Ӧо㵣˫ɣôˣ
˫һЦЦݾ绨ͱӭҡҷѪҺͻȣֻ˵һ飬ǾйáȴûұΪǼɵץȥˡϧڲףԭڵҹĻ١
˵һֺѸһӰ˵ʱʱ죬Ȼ磬ǶסӦ͵ؽʯһ
̵һһɫӰ˷Ӳֱͦͦسǰ
壬˫ĿԲƮ˿κһ˿֮£͸Ĳ˿£ʯήٲ
𽡣
˫òͣ𽣬վûӹħ֣վкˡһӦгּˣżͣԯʱҾ͵ǣ˴ĵ׷ѰСףܲڡɳ𽣬ҲΪץסҡͷһŷֻѩͼô򵥣
֪ʱУضһԺڰĴ֮̿ͣ࣬
Ͻ棬ίУС뿪˫ɣȴûжһ˵Ŀ겻һȷϲСףԼɾٴζСһ档
ǵȴ˫䵥ĻܾˣƻԤȥ𴦣׼ʱȥɱ˫ɡ
û뵽С˫ɣһõܱװǰ㳲
ۼ˿׼ȷرնϣϽһ֣ˮɱ˵ضȥ
һҪ˫ɻӦС
ڰɫͬѩĭֳУҶ׷װܵض𣬵⻮ҹĻͷֱ䡣
ͰӲ˺Ʒ϶ܲ͸ĳǽ˲䱻̿Ͳڣ书ߵȱնͷ­
ľؼɱ
ϽҺһɫѩ͵ɽѪӭĵ棬ػ¡
һХ
棬һһ׮紵ϣûһֱ顣
˫ЯӦвˣת׶˵ԹӣİΣΪҪҵ˼𣿡
Ӧд󼱣ȥ˫󣬺ȵӦлṵ̂
˫һֱۣ̿ʵǣһǾͻնɱʿʱҲ߲ˣӦһƣȥ
𽳤𣬺ɭɭ˫ɡ˫ƣͽץȥ᫲ƽʯϻս
ӦеüĿȫһǣƮ£¶˽˿ӭʢƹ緫һ֣㳱ˮһĵ۽
Ͻ𿴵УӭӦĽħƷ
˰źѪڶǰֱɱһƬ
׹亣棬ȥһ˿ϼ⣬ضʱ谵޹⣬踲
ϽӦ֮ʣ̧۳ϱȥ˫ɵ裬ٿٿʯд壬𽽩ӲԵɱ
治֡Ͻһ£±Ծȥ쳤Хһ
ͻȻֹסΣתȻȥ
˫˫һݣӼӣб嵽˫Ʒץ磬
ȹɽǰѨȴǿ𽱳󣬿֣һ޶
Ҳһ㣬Ҫޣα͵ǰ˴£
Ͻ¶Цݡ
𽽣Ȼһƫ͸ߣհࣵһɭĽѴ͸˫ɵأ̳罣
΢ûбܿشһ
ѩει̺÷Ѫ˫شضֻʹ֣˻ѣͬıӡ
˫ƿѪ˿ԴԴ£ҡ浹ʯתӣ𳤽һѩĺۼٴγ˫ǰȥ
˫Ƴ𽽣һģƷţ˿һ㣬ðѪ
һƹȥҲֲ֧ס۾
Ѫ紺˿ĺ꣬̿ںʯϣѪʢţȾʯ顣
ϽХһֹͣӲʯԡ
Ͻ鿴˫˺ۣѨֹѪֵЦЦȻϣһ𽣬ض˫ɡ
Ӧаæгӣϴһ˫һ滺¡
д󺧣˻Уһˣɱʯ£
⣬ӦзǰԾȥΧţӵɱͻơ
Ͻ˫¿յȥ׼ˡ
ԶԶأһѩ׵Ӱ˺˰Ƶ֣۵糸ƽڷƥŭţ½һŰѩҶɱڵӣЮŷơ
Զ¡춯ء
Ͻ𿴵Уٻһס𽣬һ˫ɣȥ
ףɲûӰ
ֻһ˲䣬Ҷ͸ҹɫʮɵй۽һԾƳĵӣһӦǰӦںֻӰһҶϵϡ
ѩУ¡ӰȻԺ˲Ρ
ӦһϸȥȻҶײ鿴Ѫس£Ӧдһͬסӡ
ʯգǧѩ˻
Ҷ˫죬ʹ񷣺˫ɣ
ҹɫҵƻ磬ԯһƬ
ʱƾֹû˸ҷһ˵֪Ҷһоʮ̿ͣѲ˫Ӱƺֹͣ
λӡ
Ҷ¾ȾѪСʺѪ˳԰޳ָ£εδ
÷״ߺɢӡ£ѩ׿һĨȻãͻɭǵ𣺡ӦС
Ӧɫ԰ףؿڿһ˵ɡ
ϸ˵¡
Ӧˣ·
ҶźҡͥǰһҲˣ
ӦŹɭɭĵ棬ɵϢŭѵΣ
ҶƳһۣͶȥݣ㲻ùܡ˵⣬Ÿת˵ʲôӡ
Ӧ̾Ϣ
齲Ժ˻Ҫ˫⣬˭ţһԡ
ҹ㾲ƣ¹µԯӶᾲ
Ӧٴɫã£һգգضͥԺľ
ڣ˽ߣȴԶġ
ҹɫʣӰ㿣ө㣬һյ续
ǸҹʱС˾ͥҹɫȻһٳ
ֻǺһвת
Ȼǲһˡ
£ıʤͥǰ¡
΢棬Ҷɳɳ죬ϾĬйһӰӡӦһס˺
Űɫڷɢ䣬ɫ¹ɴĬĬߵǰתӡ
һŸɾĬĶ쵰
˫ӯӯʹᣬһº͵⣬̰顣
Ӧ֣͵س嵽ǰסӣ˻һۿ죬˫ĿѸʪ
ϣƲ˵ز
̧˺һƽ˵Թӣٱһۣء
ҡͥǰľĬȻת˱ɫУҲûлͷ
ӦпıӰʹر۾
죬Ե˼䱯ͥǰ£ӰԽԽԶ


35.

£ͥǰ·塣ˮͷֱϣһֱĮע˼䡣
Ҷ½Ѫڽǰ¡ͥԺһ޷ȥǺ⡣⡢Сפ⣬ŹӾ˼ʱűʺҲǰ
ͥǰֲ֦꣬ҶѴص棬ƶۼҶһ£ͥԺΪĩһ˿
Ҷһ۾һ䣬ĮĿգȴĸоϮѪİۣ˫Ծ֣籩ٵס
ɫ£ҶݿԣݷԲʱδʿرȻҲ˫ɡ
˺޷ڣֻҶֿһ¡һ䣺ѩץ˫ɣһ뾡취ĥҡ
Ȼץסؿڣټ˫ɣһҪݺһ
֮ʹ֮Уӡ
ǳؿ㣬ȴĿۡۻԼУΪû˸ȰҶӣϣԡ
һ£ɴɺɺƳŲӡ
Ҷ˪üĿֱǰͻȻ˵ҶΣ
ɫӰһƬִٰͬī֮ɫת˰׾档ԯԺηֹ֮Ѻһط۹졣
ǰҶһյѩİץ˵ûĥݵҲѡ
һбǽǣ۽ڽήٴڲϯ֮ϡɫմȾ߲Ѫżһᣬ৵һ̣ɭָ
սģǷҶĵá
ҶѪ߽ңһᴩʺͼĥʱŵûɢǹǸ¹˿ֻԩꡣ
ҶԼ²⵽˷¡ź󣬹ᣬɫ˵죬ƽմҲϣҲŵһ¹ˡҲ¸㣬ӽŭģһݱ棬ŷŹһΡչӽ֮ԼܾȻ˫ɣһʱܻɱ㡣˫и̣һʱҲס㣬รɣ
ڵأһҶɱһҪðնһѣڵġթܷɻӳ졣
ӳţϽβϡ͵͵ӵĵʵӣǡ
Ҷ˫磬ĮǰУһպô
׷ʣҶȴţߵԡزְ࣬Ѫۣͷ̲ˮءˮѩ׷ϴһۣǱˮ£ŵͺһӣ㻹ô
ˮȻҶ·ˮ¶׵գֻɫ԰ѩһ˿ץˮ˿˵˫ôõˣ
ĬȻҶ˵ǸɵϣԸΪ˲ɵļȥðաҼһݺݸһơ
ἰ˫ɣȻʵӣô£
Ҷϣ¶ἰ޷ƽҩ䷽˫ʮа˾Ϊȥðգµõѩץסһʳҩȥһܣܷ׳ҩ
˵ѩץ˫ɣһ뾡취ĥѿڶ˻Ǻǰһ󵨡
Ҷһƣˮˣʪ棺ᣡñˣ֪֪ʹ඼ѪӲ̣
⿴Źӷ˿ң޹⣬ر졣
ҶļƣˮʯϢ΢ҵͣϸɾ߳˸⣬ٴͥǰĮ
ؽ޷ߣֻ
⣬ҸԼʲôһҪǵҽĻ


36.ۻ

˫˫գ΢΢˼˵һƬ
ûз磬ֻкڰīƷƸǶۼͻȻһĹӳճһŲ԰Ѫɫ
ض˶ָһ硣
̵Ѫ˿ں󣬾紵ճϣͬϿɺǣȻһսµ䡣
ȫ£ʧȥʶ֮ǰƴһèͷӥ
˫ɡȷһܵͣ̾
˫ɲչָһƻ˼ͬ·ɽϿĺӣ˳żе΢˳ȥ
ڣŨīĺڣưôǡŭΣ˺ѷεغХǧ֦衣
èͷӥ˫ղҰףһ˫޹⣬ҿʺѪ˫ɡ
˫ɽ§ڻèͷӥèͷӥ㣬
һֻݵּ뿫ȥĵˮδյһཬ˫ɣҲ᲻뿪㣬ˣϾֻʣһˡ
˫ɷޣʹ͸īŰĲ񷣬ڿ״˸Ʋèͷӥ¶ڴУĪĹ֮£Ƿһлһʹ˫ɣϸ˵
˫ɷգĴϣҡӣֹ
ҿ˫ɣ֪н죬ƽһúô㡣èͷӥͽֹһҪϸ˵ϴǱ£˲ѣΪ˾㣬Ա˹ȵ׵ĸֲҩ궾ݺѪҺ˷Ӧһǵݣһ˵ӡ˫ɣ㲻Ҫޣ˵ꡭ΢شϢǻĻں䣬ȴȳһҪǵã߲ܻʳ㺮ɣ㲻׿ơ
磬Ϣ£Ҫ˵ҿǡ˫ɽؿڣͷ­ͣ˾ͻӣһ̡
èͷӥһ˿һǸɵӡҿ첻ˣӦҰ
µģ硣˫ͷ­Ӳ룬ѩƬȫҪҵֻ㲻õģСţۻϡͻʹվᱻס
èͷӥҵһЦЦ޷ﵽǣʢ΢⣺ɵ˫ɰôŵ㡭
˫ɽ§ϰһֱҡţҡţʹ˵
ͬģͷ±ӣйĸ顣δֹèͷӥ˫𽥱ϸ̰΢һ
˫ɣҪٹӡèͷӥƴ䶯ϴһҪ㡭
¡һƻצسƱ߽ǣ˫ɵ˻ޣؼעɭɭ꣬ҰԵøӲˡ
һӯ
䳺ǵˮ㵹ͬٲʵʵر˫ɲƵϡˮɢ˵Ѫۣӡһ̲ӵۼ
ǰǵδȥˮݣ˫ɺֵܿסƽ̯ڵ΢΢
ѩЦ绨ʤѩڡ߰裬ӳһĨ̡ϸضס˫ɵͲҰϵÿһ顣
˫ɿһ˶ƣ֧Ȼ˵Ҫ𽡣
ѩ΢ףЦڿһ˫ɣû˯Ѱգ
˫ŲŲӣҸǽǿţǽڰ͹ƽʯı˰պÿĻ棺ҷʳ˻嵤ȻҪԸҶ
ǺһЦΣ
˫ɼѵسסǽڣ˻˻ûǻɱ
ͻȻһӵ˫ǰһ⣬˳ƵѨλЦ˵㿴⡣
˫ȫƣȲܶ಻ֻööƺۣĬĬ۾
ղŷ΢밵Ĺ߿ú
ѩĳֻ֡˵һ⣬书лҪڵĹʹƴȫҲȫƷ
ǿթĶ֣һʧóȻ
ϻʹ˫סĬĬ˼Ҫ⡣
ѩҶԸΪƣǵڳʯֹƶʱҶ̶ϸɫ˵һޡ
װɽ裬ȻҶһ԰ԽװԽǲע⡣
˫䵭ޱ飬ЦҵϲЩȤĶ
űˣѩ߽˫ɣḧӣ֬͸һúӣҸҩܿܿˡ
۲Ậ飬ľһλ簮ӵĸף˫ɵҼգ˪Ƶüָ͵һһѪۣҶʮˣˣǾʮӰɡ
΢΢һЦĿ˫Ѩסľͷ˵֫
˫˫΢̧ӲһڴӦá
Ǻǣ˼ŮˡѩЦڰĵҲƵģҿ᲻㰤˱ӺһúõˡƵߵ̼ǰȡһڵıӣžһض˸޻
Ϊһĥ㡣
ֲڵǶס˫ճѪվţȴ޷ƵҡΡ
ͬߣݺݵĺ󱳼ȻЩ˲ҪǳֿǿƤʱ۵Æź
ѩĺݶԤϡҩ֮ǰҪѵĥʹࡣ
һһı޷£˫ĬĬŻʹһϸĵЦ˫ɣζôȻҩˮӴҪۿһҡ
ŻŴ˫ɶŵϵ裬ͻȻ˿
ɫЩҵŷ϶չһмĮضãĵʹ˻һҶ֮ǧġ
ʪأ߲߰Ӱıڣˮ˿Ľ䣬һйһҵС
ֱͦͦڱǰ˫۴ͣϺޱ飬ͬһľżϲŭ֣֪˼ů
顱һ˫ɱ˶ǰһؽ
˫ɼѵ̧ͷ˲ֻ֣ǿһӣһֱûп˴ʱȴ𽡭𽡭
Ŷôи顣ѩνףɾŵڽϣЦϣҩ󣬺ܿͺһӴ
ظʹؽ𣬾ʹ̶Ȳ置Źƣ˫Ŀ亹乣ָ̣εض
巢ı仯ҩЧ֮ǰּѵŲӣӰȥ
Ѫ˿ģʪĵ棬һ·йҲ̶á
ִŵһצһצУ𽣬𽣬õҵǵһҪȥ
ǰƮһ׵ķ˿˫ɿһۣʹûң㻹𽹫ӣңҲɽˮ𽣬𽰡
˫ʹץסĽײ֣㣬һҪȥ


37.⣩£

ҹ
֮¹ңصƶĲ԰֮ɫĮϸ񡣷϶͸Ұ׵¹⣬ҵϣҲÿҲ֪Լɫ塣
˫ɣŵӴһָԸҶأϴһ磬һ˿еشդ
ưȫ֫ٺ֮УδͷƤʹ֪ҩˮշ֮£ڵĺѾʼ
ʹĲģͷƤҾӣȥץҵͷΪ»񿴳ˡ
纮Ʊ£ǶŶ׾գ¶ϸţˮɫҲҽקѰһ˿ϣΪ͸˵ǽö˱ҶӰٻؽΪҲÿ촩һ£ͬϾҶҵӸۡ
˿͸ҵͷƤ˼ֱ̣ӽһöö֮ҵͷ­ڡҳŲ˶ãػԹȥ
ʧȥʶǰһƬĮ¹ɢҵģˮīοֽҵ˼Ĵˮ
һξгȵ⣬ˮ֦֡
ҺΣÿմߣ˯˿չ֦Ҷľ׮˲ϲţҹѹһҪ񶾵ҼΣҵ˯ˡ
ҼǵúԴֻجΡ
һԶɽ£ʱҳ󺣣붫ΪһرıаɽׯڶҶ޸μХԽԽԶҺ׷ǸɫıӰֱ˲ãϦ
ΣһֺԾˮʱһֱµĳҶֽĮ׷ɱͬʱˮϵХ𽡣
ӣҴһ亹
ܣɫʣʣշתɴﻹеʹ飿
ﲻµĴ齣ǵãԡ˯˴࣬һҹ㡣
ãȻףֱ߾һӰӣ˵ؿҡĮȴͬѩ̮˼Լǣˮ黩ع
ˣǿӲҵǱҳУǱһֱҹƵģһֽ𰣬εرǣ
ҶҵɣҲȿķΧϲҹׯӣϲҴԣһתͷͿüҵӰӣϲҵӣҵ壻ϲҲԵЦʱ鼫ãֻҹȥ޼ָס
ֻҪҲ΢չңϸĳ̶ȳ˸ףĮ˹ǿ˹ȴشϼȡů
ֻҪйҵ£޴СϤ֮˵Ҹж
˶ɵҲһ˿η壬һҵʱ
֪ΪΣӲȸ׵߻Һ£ҲҵĿܣκң쳤վãǿĿİһȻЩ֪Ҳ֪һܡ
ڷܡ
ξ΢ЦХĮҲ˼ȥס
ҵͷ΢΢֣ס棬ͻȻϢ˳
ԭҶҶףХľʱҾȻѡݶˡ˵Ҫȣ˶Ͷ֮͡ʿ
͸ģָ䣬Įעҵʱϸش˺þãϳѩĮϢӰӡ
Хԭ㣬ξֵģӰӡ
ԿԿ
ҵͣ
΢ָҵգһĮ֮ʲô
ҶҵᣬܵЦƣֻĵҲ亹
ĬȻСϰֲģֱһ˫嫵۾һĮӣҪܴȥ˵ﻰ
Ҷ÷Į͵ʱҲ˺ܴɣ
ҶǿӲһֱηԭҴû̾ΪҴûΪκ·ǣֻˣû
һĬĬػ룬һŲһǣſڡ
紩͸룬Ҷ̺Ӱҵӣѩ׵ëƤҵۡ
ԭ˫˼֮Ҳҷֱ˰죬ЦŶŪ˵
մȣȻһ죬ᱻ˵˰ɣ
εĽ֮У΢估ӣһ˿Į֮ɫҿı˪üĿһʹѿڶҶϲ㣡
䣬г컨㣬ֻ绨ľ֮
Ҳ޷ԼݣĿɿڴؿſҿ۾
ҶؿӣںڷӺ˹˼ңˣ
ҰԾģ˼ֱתʲô¶ﲻɵðյһ䡣
Ҵһŭʲô
һ֮͵سݣҶָҵЦң
֣ôܣֱۣʹֱ
ָָϸϸĦĵطǵ䳦Ҷƽʱϲŭɫʱ۾Ҫȥ
ץסһۡ
ôлҪ˵΢΢Цӿǣƽһƣ
Ų˫ϥСؿšû˹ģֱץסҵҷڻУ˵ɡ
ҹͣ˾ҹҽķһجΣμɱˡ
Ҷ˽ֱۣδӻҵӡܵĹ˵ȥﻹˣһ𽣬һǡХ
Ҷ־һҵͷ۵ŷβ˵֪㣬ûѡء
ЦôߵؿҵĲҶľ˵񵭣ϲȻ羰˵ҼΪͶԵһֱ㡭ǰֱĥԽҲŲ
תӣ󣺡ӣ϶ڰ׷ɱҵӦһҪŹ
ҶЦЦʲôʹأǲ̬ҲŹ
Ȼ֪Բ١
ԴҶҵ˾һֱ壬һһҵսľʵҶԸҳȵУҲڶҵһЩԵһһҶȥ
һ¹͸ɴڣһ˪ҶֳĬĬûἰХҵգ˵ˣ
һԡ㣬ͬǰҰһع񣬼˵˵̳һʿⳡ̣ȷ״Ӯ
ضǣаš
̾˿֪ӽգ¸ﲻҪ˿Ҿ֪ڰ顣
Ҷδϣҵա룬˵ѩ书»֮ϣûн֣޷֪̽ĵϸ
¡˴ʱͻȻҵȵĴҲ֮£ҵôãػ˵ˣ
Ҿ§סĲӣ˵һ仰ԼţҶʲôʱҳף


38.

ˮԶ͸ߣβЩӰ
͸޷ճȹţת߽ǣ㿴Ƚ£ȻһѩĮӰ̾˿Ʋ߹ӯӯһ񣺡ӡ
Ҷ˫ͫӭźչԣĮȥܹܣȻȥѩ
͸㣬ͷԷ
Ŀӱ͸Զعͷʵվһޣ
ĬĬס
ϳȣ贩ǽңּ֦ҶڷпһлҪԸ
͸Ļ¯Ѭ㣬ž¸ڣҶһһӼ㡢⡢ѩ͸ˣɢȥ
ҶһϮۣů£Խĵÿɣʹ͹ԣüĿһ˪ѩأһ˿̡
ʱ͸߽ɽĹ˵ӻĻ¶Ԥã֪Ӻʱã
Ҷ䵭ءšһ룬˵ʮֽҪǧܳ
͸æӣʩ˵ң¶ζ˲һ¡һ븹˼̻òʡ¡
ҶһɫƣĮصͽ¶⣬Ҹ֮Լ󣬼̶ǰǡ˶٣ʲôֵ֮սʱˣҵĻ仹ٲûϦ˫
ʱɽ
ˮŰϪˮԵ̡ɫɼâȡ϶׺ݴԣҡ֫ݹϡ
һϪһͤһˣʯѡ
ѩͤǰˮϣˮ貨ӡ˫΢Уɽ·ϴһ˿ζı顣
ϽԶԶԶˮϪףˮϢ䡣
е׼׵ʹԹ챡
ѩʧЦЦôҲƲĵ׵ĵ⡣
ϡľֽǣ̵Ӱ䣬˳Ⱦɴԡ
ԼҶͻ͸
ѩƼҶ΢涣һȹŮӷפԭĿ
ѩҶü˳ĿӣһɫصȴҶ߽
ӣȤһ֣ѩƣżɽҪ
Ҷ˳ӭתۿˮɽʯԲɢ⣬ˮȡ
Ϊ®Ϊձƣмبž̡
Ҷˮڵݺṵ֣Į˵·
˷Į֮£һģҶ䵭ԶѩԾģüһЦǰߡ
ʱʢ𣬴ѩװ˿ɴ졣ͻһˮ䣬Ʊ۰ɴƥɳͷһöɫɽʯٿһˮС
ʯˮƣչʾ
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ѩɫһЦÿַʤһнЦɴ趯ߣطһöһöӡ
̫ߣϪˮʣͤǡ£ѩ̣ӵٶȱҶ죬Ƹ迼һ
Ҷ˫ں䣬ɨһ֣ɫ󵭱ȴз󣬶Ҳ˫ɶĵǾ·
ѩתζŨ͸վڲԶϣķҶͻȻصݴԣɴȹأڷƮ
Ա͸ҶɫѩףüĿǱ˪ѩأĮһƬ
ѩĲĵЦӣôˣ
Ҷδÿɷشѩߣܹͤ£Ҫ˫ɡƸ߲ʣ͸һϡ
ѩ΢΢ζɴڿЦ˸߹ˣҶԹĽѾãľ֮ӻض孡ôЦԽԽԽԽ죬Ȼסඡ
ָһϻתǶһֲ廨Խˮɣѹɸɻء۲ӯӯһת估Ҷϣ΢ЦϧˣǱƳɱ걾
ҶëȻ˿ȴؿڵ˵ô࣬Ǿʱ뿴ǷУ
Ӱͦľ˿δиͤодƬ裬ѩȴͬĺѩŻȻɵĮǡ
ҶԽĮԳ֣ѩԽԥؿϽһۡϽ⣬һХңԶĲ񷡣
Զ£һӰ˿ǵˮһ·ޱ
ѩϸҶһ˿һĲŹ
ҶԶһۣȻܹüʱ鲼ֱߣѹŶ֧һ̣ץ߬ʯԵָ͹𣬲԰׵Ƥ⡣
׼ۿ˫ʱʹرܿ۾
Ѫ˿׶̡
ʹóܲˡ
ҶļУ˫ĶĮӺϵʿˮһɲǼ̲ʧɫˮ캮塣װ磬ǣߣ£ܶׯһ񣬶⸱ģ
Ȼ֣йƶͬһľ塣˫մȾ˵ѪܶԹŤû뵽ϲԽճͷĿҵһĻ׶֮ʹ
˫Թߵһһã˫ֱͫǰûһ˿ľګʹǸ飬ôβˮ
ͬһ׮ľʲô˪Ѳʲôʹ඼򲻵ϵ棬¶ȡ
ѪҲˮŹϡǰĺڷɢ£ǵİɫڹâرۡŲ԰ѩ޽Ǽư׷
һҹ˿ɰ׷
ѩİ׷΢΢Щ죬ĿתҶʱɫѻָ糣Ҷ֣Ч͡
΢΢һЦģһԣ˼Ҿ硣
˫ɵĽһ̲ݣOO@@նҶֱֳͤС
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39.

գů棬ˮɫĲЯҩˮϪˮһ̫գܿá
ҶԽԽӲָʸտ𣬷άһơѩǾɲŲǰ鿴Ƿųҩ˫ɡ
£˫ޱ飬ӭһһ߽ܾһɾ֮ºɭɭԣյһ˫͵۾
ѩ͵һ
Ҷ̧ףɫ̹˫ɣ𽥿ڵѩʱͻȻ³ľ̻
ʱ
к֮

ͷô
ĵŶɫʹ಻٣ͫϡ˫˫գĴΣͻҲתؽһӱֱ
ѩһӦ䡣˫ӭչżڱ̲һ㣬º㳯ˡ˫ãѣɺ󣬽⴩͸ٿزѩࡣ
էۣۣһ˵һ̲ɫһĽӰ
ѩһЦ˫Žһ㣬̰ٴγӿ㷢ɫǰܣһҩ˳©ԭ˫ˣ˻Сδϣһšˮһι⣬ɴӻ˫ؿڡ
ƿն˫ɱҲδܣ˽ΪһȻǰϮȥ
˫ͻȻʱϽϽ˫˫ɱѩγǰл֮ơ
ѩδϵ˫ɸܵоǲŲʣɫһͣԻ֮ʱƥѩͷ˿৵һ½ˮٺڷжϡ
ѩӣ˿ȴ׶ͬߴߴ磬¶ˣ˫ɣˣ
ϣϽƷ˫ɱﲻһ̾ϾǺӣͷû˾ô
˫ӲһƣҡһվΣǰˡ
ѩקקɴִϡϽۼֿ죬סСӣϢŭԽԽĹƣѾʰż
ѩһƮķ˿ϺʹɱĲΪˡ
˫һЦɡ
ڲݵӰϵӰȻɽһ
õҶʱȴ˿ڣЩ嵭Ƕıҧ
ѩɫһףЦӲسѿ֮Ҳġ
ôҶɫڽͤǷܣĮһߣ
˫ɫȻתҶ磬Ȼ˺󱳴ŵĿš
ĮһΣңһΣ壬ʵ˲״Ħ١
ԭһ㡣Ҷ˫ִ߽󣬲źۼվ𣬡ڿ˾أ²֡
ѩҶɫɣǻŲ
˫ûҶķ֣ǳǰ˿ͻȻ˵Ϊûˣҹô죿
ҶĮɨһۼɿˣ˵߲˶ãһԡ
ǿˡ˫ɽؿڵЦȫʵʹúܣֹҸ޷ֿ㿴ƣòȡ˵ţ棬һص
ҶͻЦͬƿȾů͵ĳ֮ɫ˫ɣ㵱Ȥôŵÿ㡣
һ˵ţ̧ѩ䣬ĨȥۣģŮĥ㣿
˫̾Σѹͷ㻹Щ¡
ҶһͷĮͷȴ¡Ĺһȥһһϸ㡣
˫ļ˵Ƥ֮಻ʲôʱʦֱ⻹ء
Ҷһ䣬εװյУôҵ飿
˫ɿЦƵۼˣҵȻܻرܡһ٣־ʵô֪ûƣ
Ҷ䶢Ŀ͹¶˽̸ʱ˵һҩ˵϶Ƕҩٶ֣ȻƲ㡣
˫Цǣ֣Ҫ㵣ˡ
һһ٩٩̸Ͻ𿴿ͤӣֻͷСˣ۾ֱˡ
ѩĬĬһ̣˸ţЦֹǻͷǵ͸ģ컯֮òڡתͷȵǼ٣Ͻûҩкһ¡
Ͻԣػͳöںںڵĵӣָ䣬ǰȥ
˫ɿ֣һƽ
Ͻ书ͣ԰ֳѸⶼ½֪飬ǵģеЩӡʵ½Ļҩ
ҶϢȷж֧ŵļȻõ˿ߣǿСԶĴ̿ͣλⳡΣ
Ҷһ˫ɵĲ˵صǣˡ
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öԲԲط̶
綼˺һѷ죬֪ƵӿͬؾΪ֮ɪɪ
½ֵСϽİַҲӣ˫ȻҧصҶǰر۾
һǱɱһע޿ɱܣڵİֻܴһˡ
һֱƣҶʱȴˡ
Ʋ԰ʤѩȫƴץס˫ɷ˿һ˫ɵһ뿪ǰۼҩڰɫ½ըѪ
ѪˮʱȪӿȾϮ˳Ⱦ绨Ŀġֻ˲䣬ҶѡһĨĮЦƻͣפǣȴصȥ
˫ɱƵһԣ죬ϣҶҶ磬ѨֹѪ
Ҷһۣ۾ҲղҾ
ͤԶ㣬⴦СϪˮĸ質ĬĬҶ⡣ͤ˫һֱҡҶʺƵ˵
ѩҲδϵ˳һַ֮Ӧ̾ӹûʧЧӾȻװõˮ©ֻ˵־ʵ̫ǿˡ
δϣ縡ƣӯ޹ǵֱϮ˫ɺԡ
ಡһһɫâӹζסͷݴأ𡣻ѩһЦĸ󡣡ӯӯһתһ๬Ʈݷɳ糤϶ӣɫƮ˵ڶɫâ
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˫ڱʹ̧״ƣҶӲʯæ֮вѣ⹫ӣͤйŹ֣ǲҪ
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ϽХһѶţֻԶݴԾʮɫˮ˹ضϵˮ
Ͼ˲Ϣ䣬һգǰͤ˷Ƶϵ⣬׸Ƭ֮󣬼ǧǰ̸ˮйͨΧסɽһࡣ
˫һҧ˫ֻҶžƻҲͤһԾ
ɰڴһ١
ǿʢ𣬾Ҷشֱ죬˫ƴȫһ泯෴ɱѩˮ䣬Ϯ˫ɽס
⿴÷һȣţ
ʱȷעѹѹز˲ݵϿա
ѩĸҴ⣬š˫һ趯ؼʸİɢɿջʢڿУսˣһʱ֮䣬Ϸ̨ϻˮİˡ
Ͻץסһǰˮʣôˣ
˷ڣһɭʸ͵طϡϽüʬѩϿԱһˮ³ʹˮʮصͬŶɱˡ
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ʸ޼ݴԱɾСıܿ˻ǾǱһģʯûжٴ򶷺ۼ
ˮװҩ˵˫ɣˣϽһ뵽˵㣬סŭһȺһŮˣȻɱˣ
Ļһ䣬ȴŭСˣѩЦһٿһ¾һöʸø˫ɣҶѱشһֵ㣡ɱһĲΪˣ


40.Ի

͡ࡣ֮䣬ݵضһһ˼ˣһһԴԵĲ
ѩӭ漲ɼʸչˮ߰ܲ͸硣ڷڷҡ˿ͨ͸ļˣʷ棬żХǵӰֻŲæŰ׻ת𣬰绨꿪أ৵˸·ļʸ
һ֮һ֧δѩ
⿴һŮĹȻѷڹӣ
귢ѡ͸ӰѩһĻ꣬ԽԽϱ˪̴֣ҧгʹ֮顣
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ļԵĻ͸ֻɨһ󣬹ʿֳ룬ǰжӣǰصֿһӣȥ
˵任Σֻˡǰʿ⣬ǲһأƮɭɭӰ
ɲ֣ǿľΪ֮㡣
ѩ͵ɳѸǣȰ۽󣺡ɱйͷ֮ޣ
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ⲻһͷֻȫӡ
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ˮܷˮ΢̧ӣ³ϸˮһᣬת˵ǡٷ˴Ź׷١
ˮϣݽͷһɫɽʯѩʯôʯͷת¶һɭĽ׵
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ˮʯˮ˿͸ˮһֱʣʪ͸һ⡣һ·߹ʱڶɢͨ࣬͵ƾ졣
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ѩЦһСܿʬ壺Ǹˣﻹɱʮ
Ͻѩ߹ϸϸ鿴̧ŭװһܾʮرޣ󻹺˶ҩȻʹһڵϲ˲ȣЦ̯ڵϣһڿõ£ҩˮ֮Сװװ񣡡
һ䣬ˮ伱һʯһǣңɱҵˡں޲һһҧ⣡
ϽĬȴ˽ŭ꣬˵ϢŭԺ˫ɣҪɱҪл˸ˡ
ѩһߣԸƴҲҪˡ
ϽĬȻѩһۣĮ˵֪ʲôҴСܹԩֻŪˣ˱ңĪˣгرҵıԣ
һŭ³һ٣Ѿȫˣǻٳ롭ǵȥ̽һ¹ӵϢ
粻պӰ²Ⱦʩ˲ǳ䣬Ũ
˫ľܻѬ棬У֦Լ䣬˫۴ãȻضӿС
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߿㣬ҪһЩ⡣˫ػƿ㣬ߵһīֱͦͥǰʼҶξԲǼװ·˾Ȼ֪ԼΣգΪô׵УѵʹȻ
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˻͸ԼΪʲôˣ졭
˫ͻȻѣƴˮðش˸սΣҶԸĿģֻҲ֪⵽ζʲô
ǰ˫ɣѪۣúˡιȥ
оΪ侲óתס˴Ͷе˫ɣٷˣȥ
˫ɶһ˫۾ܹܡҸպЩҪ㡣
һγƺ˫Ϊˣ˫ɲδ׷ʣ͸԰ٻȰգǷʿҶǷ㽻ʲô˵Ĵã
΢΢һ̾͸͹һһ죬ǾǹĿ
˫һ𣬵ͺˣԭ֪ԼпΣѣһȥס֣
ף̾Ϣֻϧ͸ҲԶҲԲѡ
˫룬Ȱ׮鷳ʣأ
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ôˣ˫һЦȵŭ԰׼ȾһĨҴûô¹˹ӣһϢڴϣ˵ôˣ
ȻңѾ͸ţǽڶ£㣬ҡ
˫ȻĲһ¹֮ˣ˭Ź ʳָĴָ纳һۣ𣬹Ƭ̣ͷ­һᣬͬ仨ƮڲϯϣҲܷ
ԯԷڣҶɫ԰ףʹ䡣īķ˿ַԣԽĵӵĲҰס䡣һ˿Ѫ󣬷ƸŲѩɽͣѩĨȥĵ
һʪ˫ɱƽš

˫ĿֱͣؿϣѪϴ¶Įŵķ˿Ժ󣬰ͬʰ͸ԡһ°˿ƮһĨɫ
£Ҫ󴩴ķΣ²һ߾⣬Ϊ˫˴磬Ϊ˷֣ۼѵԷе˱սΡ
УȻڣٷˣָ̫ҽʩ룬ס˹һΪʱŲơơ
˫ͻȻƳһۣûֲ
Ҷҽβˡ˫˫ͣڴ࣬ҷŵѪ飬֤ʵҩӣ˶޲ߡ
ӿڵǺã
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һԣĵؿãЩŵ̾ϢһЩݺصֶΣùʱϰҲ̳˶ҵ²
˫һѿڶܹܿɷ񽲽ҶСʱ飿
ͷ˵ɣٷ˰ڳ֡
˫ٴεףᶯӺӲβ̣ɫɽۣɫ»ֻ࣬ǰԣ˲ɽͷ⡣
⼸öڴ˴ɣſ˿ڣٷоƣǿռ˹ƣӾбһߣܿǬ򡣡
˫ɻصЩѧ˵һϲͨƾܹܷԸ
תͷ⣬Ҷɽʱ䣬ƶ˵һ䶨ӣɴ˿ɼ˵ĿصʱеѲȫй¶ܡ
˫׷ʣܹܿɿ϶
ǬֳƽԣVΪսʢǿʢϸϸͣVǶӦǱԾ͸¶˼ǱԨȴ졣˿֮ˣΪʵһμ
˫ĬȻƬ̣ͻȻȻһЦɷѿġ
˫˫ɵؿһöӣϸĦζĵĨϸ˴δڲҪ׳ҩ˷ӣһиĿģǾѩŭ⡣ֻҪԽǺңҲԽаȦס
̧ͷ˫ɫᶨȻ˵ηңһϳͲġΪ˽һ򾡣Ѿ̵ùˡ


41.

⾰ɫ죬ԺƣԷˮӳң壻ڵѬˡʹֻO@ɼһľ
ҶȻƽʯĮմصĲɫ˵Ϲ⻪͸Ƿݾǵʵء
磬һδīڵ˫üǶ续ϣһ˿˫ϸϸĿãֻǵһδϸͼһīԶĻ
Ҷ˼һص˴θԼѵһҲģ
˫һֱĬĬ˼⣬ѯ⼰㣬Ҳ˵ʲôߡޱߵǰ׷ɢɼƣ˳Ʈµİɫӹǰʱڱʹе˫ɻѣܺɣʵԽԽٲ£ֻʱ
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׷ʣ˫ɽʾ˼
ǰҶľ˫жϳѩţεò£ػ಻סջᱻȦס
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Ҫμסģȥ޷ǰ;գʣȥҽεıˡ
˭޷Ԥյˣѵʱүͻظ߹
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ľһ˫Ϭӥȴ𣺡ûǿңҴ޷лˡ
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ׯ̳˱аɽׯ󣬿سģдˡ޷֣ϣСƳչһ֮⡣ׯʱʶ˹ӵĸסҶӰ˹鵺Ϊ
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42.ͯ꣨ϣ

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43.ͯ꣨£

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˫׼һնɱײڣ˿бȺһ
һߣӰƴ󷱸һţХһ˳ˮˣײ棬ֶΪᡣ
κδϵ˫ڣȻһ涽ǰסʸһָҩΧɫʸϷ˫ɵĽؿһ˿üĿעŵϲ
һƬѪս
ͣɱ޷Ѫ죬Ľѡ
ۣӲĺ棬һذס
˴ٹˮ󣬵ɽׯԺɱظǹ˺ĶС
һʱǰ˫ɽס̸һ
ܹܣҪնûԤׯ˵İȫ˫Ŀһգգ⾡δϸ˵ܲҶ£һ˰Σֻﵽ˵Ŀġ
۹һӵϸս㵽ԼУǣǵȭš
˫΢΢һЦܹܺһߵﶼҶƶơҪʵңȥն
ӹȥһͨɽׯײˮɽ룬ùƵذ׻ӿϺӳ졣
˫䵭һЦɽׯ㸲ˣܹ뺣ף
ˮɽׯʹ̮Ҳסƶ˵˫ɳҲĬһᡣƬִ̣ǵɵΣһʱ䣬ҪԶϺ󡣡
תһ͸ʣӭŷˣһһʰ¡ˮֱף̨οӼǣǳһ̤ʱĬĬСµ龰
±ӰͦΣһһʧǰǾһ½ǣڲĿС
ʱСӲֻ꣬ǸССĺӡ
ԼˮͻȻСӡ
ѩγˮ巴ˮ貹⻪תˮ沨Ӱȴ޷һޣһ˿裡
Ϊ̫ˣû˵Ӱӣ
ѩ׸䣬ıںˮĵһδ˹һδ£بǧ꣬ÿεĽˣǿҵѹȸУǬڣеĽǹ¼ŵˡ
޷硢Ӱݵ硣
һذףĬСӵ֣Ǳˮס


3.

ƿǣѹ˻谵աʰԲѪӳīһ㣬ɱԯׯڵȺ
괩͸ĺ귢עڶɢ۽˳ʿ䣬м俿£Ϊ뻡ɱӿɽׯ
Ϊ˱̵һֱήɢĶӦջشǣεضϵʿǰżƿص
ʱɫˮż룬ɱֱˡ
Ӷ⹥룬ķԺ䣬ʿѸ˺󣬺ڳʿϽһ·βҧһΪͥԺаصأУ
ֻӰأڿҡҷ裬ɪɪԺܾǺʵʵשǽУߴɣ뷭ɳȥʵЩѡ
ȻǷĳ
ڶд󺰣ɢɢߣ
ʿ⹫ӵ˼аɽׯֲࡢɰأܲصףǣŵ»ԶпɣһಫرѪĶʿ˺ѣˣڲһϣ̤㹳̱ŵһֵɱС
ɫɢϪɫἱû밵
Ťͷƣ˻ǧȥԺ⣬סſڣǰʿҽضϵˣתֻ
硰Ӱǽ£˴Ӽϻгл͵ļʸվȸߴҡ
κ²ûиʿҲͷ죬߰ߺָűǰ˻ҽСƿһ𣬳һȼΪš
ݱɱƻߡ
ʿׯǰͽаڣۼʿ׷ˣϱŶԺǰţСıܿŵףֶݺݵسǰɱȥǹɺɫͷУŰ˺ҧβ͵棬ԴԴ˳ųߡ
ͥԺ磬ɫѤ
˫ȫƾһɱὣβε˻սһšʴ̺ʤѪݼ䣬¹һǿ硣ʱ࣬彣׷꣬նУ溣Ѫĭɡ
Ժ̨꣬ס֦ˣմһ˿һ˲䶼˺ΪƬƬмҶڰĻɢš
ѹβˮŲơ
κԽսԽġ˫еʴ̫ˣԱСĽСƶ˵˫ˣ֮ʣŷĴ󵨵׷ɱ
ؼ䶼Ų㽣Ӱ̹ſٵأﻹܵ˫˲õĴӰ죿
ͫ鲻ԽԸζĽӰ޷Թˣʴĺҫۣ˴ɱȻ˳ԲģǺѩϴģԻյ
溮ǣɱǵء
һѽնеᣬնɱ˫ƹݻһпĶ˫ɫ԰ףսݣκ¸˲½ֵĵѱ߷ֻӣȴδ˼Ѩ
ҽϺ˪ֱס˰ԵĽС
˫ɷ˿ңӡǻۼ°ӾѪȾǳɫ̴쵺컨ȫ總ʹ˿ڡ
ʱڻţѹ˰⾰ɹնɱҩˣסκµָӽȴòںԺ
ɱĿѴԼʱ伴
˫˫Ⱥκ£һͻȻһһ£ɳʯײ𣬴شػΧˣӲܰʯ˽ӽǻζΡ֮˾óʴæתܡ
貹⻪ֱصδЪש·ڵصѳκ¸ʧСáֻһּܺХӵص̹ǵĺȼֱ
һҺƬɺѪʿأѪʯש档
һ
κʬбأɫ㵣һ
Сжա񣬽ƿշʽ꣬ưŻХԳ䣬ɱ˵Ĺ𵽸ɽţĹЧһ˺˳Ͱѿڡ
ʱ졣ΧȦͻһ˿϶
˫Ծӥ䣬ɵسΧĨԽԽߣа˸̵һֱͶԺˮ
˼֮ʧָӣѹҳǰȥ˻𣬷ƱӾó
˵ĺ˫֫ٺ˿ھˮһ̰ʹ˫ǰۻˮࡣ
βǽİΧżȻ
ǰĳһβˮجج˱аÿá£ĮȻˮɨºһԺˮģһһעˮǵصдˮûҪٶˡ
һ
պ㡢ԼԶϺ󣬲ָ֮ˣסҩ˲ɱĲʧٵСնɱз죬ôǽҺҶͬҲʲôѫֻöӲ޷Įض˵вӦҪ
ʣص׵Ļػ
նظȻˣвúд֮񡣶ҷأöҲǲ֪׮飬ǻ޿ֵؽУ
ˮ΢˫Զ˼ˮͨ·Ϸǰɺ۶С
ˮ·ݺύİ˱аص֪˼ĿһԲιһϲϳȥ
Ȼ죬ˮѿʪ妵˫ðˮأɷйι֦ͬƺᡣ级ˮ˸սͷһۣﰵ̾û˱ˮµĻһļǸͥ
Ծʱ۽ӹ˪ǻɫͥԺ߽ǣ΢΢һЦڴĩĻʯ᾵ԺԺ䣬һ߷羰
ԭĮıаɽׯȻҲ©ʹ⡣
ѹŰƬƬתľʳУءצ״ȣںϱֵ֮ףᵶֱ͸⬰ĺâ
ìһǣؿⷽİ׮ɱһǱַļ̣綤ԡ
ЩСأˮĺҲ֪̤ǹλ׷ɱɫΡʿһʱ֮䣬ټĽɱ죬˵ĵȻֱϾ
װа»ʱȷɷѿģѪֵõҶıԱׯаӲɲ֮ˣɽׯ޻ء
ڶԺʹ˴һǰ˴ССĻأڴ˵࣬صбаׯر޾Ż
УשŲ˾ŹѭΪ硢Ϊ㡢ߡͷһ˳򣬷ֱڸ׮ͭ۵ľŻ÷롣
ȥˮ׵㷢еŦаտǧɱ¾
ƤȻѣ죡״ʯ׷ܼ䣬ʯשһĹƽͻڸӲ󣬾Сһͭ޻
ʱȾ谵޹⣬Żβֺͭض˻ò
ͭᣬֿ죬ʳĶޡŽڱβڿգɭȻצ̤ȫ£תâһϢ
ģһ˱ɡ
޸Լɣ֫ѩޱȣצǵ̤ɽʯתӰ׷ҶѪɽıĺ⡣ԼΪһ룬ɣʳɢ㿪ˡ
ڰ׽ӵȺͬˮըصѪʱ˿̣Ҫֻһ˲䣬ϳĲҽ಻صڿУһţתã档
ϲĿע꣬ž±ӣȾ˵Ĵء
аɽׯѾ˼
һ𣬺һԾһֽͭͣץ򢣬ּ죬תԵתᣬǱһתײȥ
¡һ£ľѹһƬˡ
м˼״ѹͬʬСޣ編Ʋݱѵһ죬ͭײŷӰǳشһ˫˫ǽͷͻ
ʿӿԺǰԺֱµһǧʿʬأ˼Ϊ뺷һֱΣѩϮİɱڳԺšɱ󣬱ķ߽ȱڡ
ױаڣֻδϵʧָӣ˷׷׼ͥԺռʩչȭŵĿռ䡣ƬڳԽԽ࣬һӦ䣬ׯʮ߰ʸڴϣԳŲԾֱǰš
Ҳ࣬ϵȾźīϵرá
ݺģһǧϺ󣬷ԸվߴƵĻݺݶԸˡ׵ʿһֱߣǽϣִ䣬ʸĦȣ˶ʱð𻨡
⽻֯Ѫ飬ƵƤ˻˻죬ʬֱ̤ľŻ̤÷飬ںưɫ̾һصİ쵣Ѫȡ
Ժ䱻絯ԾһһضȺŻݣĴұͻɴҲ棬û֡
׳˵ɱ¾һķ֮ɣϾ˲Ϣ䡣
ʿжƺ߼ҡҡλԵ档۴⣬ϣɱǽͷ
һҵĽײѪ⣬â̺Я˪ףһն˺ɫɣͬᦰƮɢ˾Żצˡ
⳷ˣ뿪ɽׯ˫ɽʴˣʱ쵽Ͼϸ˵ߴ˻תֲҹĻ콣âգŻ޵Ӱ
춯ء
ۼУϲҵһĻ˫ĵ׳鴤ɫʹϧϲǿۣΪҪĬⳡƽٵķ
⣡ʮȻһ
뱪ݻײϴϸСķ϶мתͷСɣҲס޵ĳҡҡ׹ǵƣڱǱΧʿɱǱ뺷ŲƵҲ޲ߣոƴϱҪôն䣬ҪôһԾһޣҲнԾµĴɱߣһͱʧɼҶ
һȻҡ
˫ִһ⣡
⻷ܣɫǰ˾ŻףڳԴԴӿﻹ·
˫ҧҧǰƮӣǧѩŵɢֻХѿգĽ޼᲻ݣȵն
ѹѹȺȻֿ糱ˮ͵
ǰӰһЯƸϵ
˫ɻĿӣֳƽ󣺡ʱˣ˫ʢ⣬񣬡Ѿˣ۽ΣҲڡ
˫ĿԼ⣬˫ȴתѸӣɻһԾ
ǵҲǿҡڵޡ
δȷһƷϼͳȥŻϵĺ˱ն˺ɫ˫ϣĬظһֻ
ԾλˮһȻ˳ʱ󵽸պá
¡¡صѿ֣ԭ纣ĳԺʱǧ߳ϣһȫӴӰֱ£һֺĹһ˲䱻ڻΪ촷ۡ
Ѹ̮صױһεĴ̾е
Ұûڵص
ͬʱ׼ͭһԾڿա
̤ϵԺǽбζһ¡⼱һ̤ǽһŻڿնεǰңڿзԾúѵһ£ͣһ㵹ŵǽϡ
δϵаɽׯ̵ֻؿ޷ɶݡ
ԱаɽׯּΪϤμǵ죬ǽһڷǰ˫ɵĽ飬ȡһС
£ĬݱԾӴǿһݣɿ⣬Ҹǽһ̮ƣԨŻֱ
޷аɽׯǰ
ƤݣŦƵ졣ԭӺҫıаɽׯڣֻڵһĿӶŴڣĺɫзҹ֮УسЦ²
˫ȫڷ࣬˫ӭнµĺꡣ
תͷҹɫеȻֿɫ԰׵˫ɣп˵Ǿգ˷˵ӳ졣
˫һЦϢһᣬվ𣺡ζ治ܡҸоҵɳһɾ
ЦЦʢ΢⣬ͻȻ˵˲Ҫ⡣
˫ʴ˲ҹɫ˵ػ֮˵ལƽص֪ʲôˣӳٶǷڸҺȵĲˮ˶
һҹĻŽҡҡλΣѣֻһ䣬ΪʲôʱҪԵң
ַסӣȻӲ²⵽˷޷һۺ󣬱ضЭǣϧӣҪҰȫͳ˳׼ٱ͡
˫һЦ׷ʣŵңܼҶ
ҡҡͷûʲôʱزԴӦ޷Ϸ˰գ
ѣϮͷ˫ɸϣĵػƣһѪ죺һǲģң׼ʿЭ¶ô
Ȼ˷ġ
粨ӿ˫ؿ˱аһۣǰ޸пص̾ϰǴϻ۹ˣĻؿһ
绢ХسšаʧȥյӰ
ʹ䣬սУҲվΪ
4.ѩ

ش֮ϱլԺ¥ֻĴһŦب򡣴Ӹͷ˳·Уһֱִڣһͨףβɽֿٵ߱ɽׯʯɽ򣬳ȴԭء
ĺɫ谵ȼ˻ѡɢ̵֬ζ̷ӽŲܹ˺°Уϱ࣬һƬڽϣߵѪ͸ɱҰ
¶˽½󣬵ת˰һ¥ֱĲ㣬һ䷿ƹ⡣Ŷ룬ߵȼ¡
һġϸͼ̯ڹϡ
¥˾ҡӰ߲ӳڴ
ҪһĻеĻϣ侲˼ȡ
գʮˣʱͻ籩ʿ̳ƹռ޷ͬʱİˮϴαҶɱʣߵģ˺ðϮ
ˮ߽ΪŽǵࡣǵĿĺԣǸĶͷ̽ʵ
ѩΪԭصҫɣаɽׯǵһվɽׯҲٲһսЩĻڼӦоת
Լɡɽɽػ·Ϊ˫ɵļƻⲼõɱ˺ϲ࣬γһ孹ơļƻиؼǾһҪϲ·ܷƫ
ƲǦҡ¥ѵ޷񣬱ַУһģȻǼֻܵʿͳѵ˫ɡ
ͣӳǰԸಿЭһֱۣս
ŴԺ΢𾪣û뵽սǰаɼһ֮
Ȼ˫ɺļƻӵλȻ䡣
˫ɣ¶üչ
ȾѪĿģղ԰ݣ͸֧ģͻԵ˫ʱ̽̽ɫסǳ
Ϣ˳ѪߣѾ߷˿ΪףȻǿɵ
ԣڸ֮Լ峿ҹѩǸԼ֮£ѩպһñ˫ɵİȫ
ش˿̣εİڣѩڱ˯ѵ˫ɡ
а㵽¶һֵ˵

ҸŴ󳨣˽һӰѪۣۿڴӱа򣬵½һʿǧ֮࡭
򾲵㡣¶һͷͼΣصǣս޷Ķˣҹκɴ󺣣Щ֧ôš
δ䣬ӰһΣ˽һѪˣʧУӣ½˺ӷˣˮðһЩ
š¶һЦȥ޳ڣǹȻִˮ·Ϲл
˼۹ӵЦݣ
¶һۣ˭ϵô
˵ڻϽҩ˲š𽡣һ˻ش
ȥɣҵǺþˡ
˹¡¶עͼһ̣ʱ䣬Ȼվȥ
ҹ紵ָۣͬӣȭһƵסԡ¥ʱתͷ˿忡磬ɫƽ
ڳİӰУһǲ˫ɵĵط
ջ谵޹⣬ոտʱһǡžԶɽبȮ㽻紵ɳ裬¡ĵһ᾵ͭޣצû
ˮХ˹ƻıаɽׯѪ
ͻȻ˶ëѩѩƮĿϣϢ͸ëףֱļ䣬һĵ
˫Ť˯мȡԺת棺ʸƿշȥʬءҰŻаֱѩ
ѩỺǣϯȫ˿˿һϤĸоҶǵĸо
Ǳʶ֪˫ɽ۾ɽصѹϣŤ˻ɤƿӴɺʧˮݣͻһصҶҶ
һ˫Ĵ۾ϣоˣһϢѩڡƣŴǳʱ࣬ʱƮ޷硣
˫䶯촽лһ˫ĿΣ˿£ĴΡһ󣬶ɹһƬˮ˿ѵĴ꣬л廨¶㡣
оԣźɻԵˮһᣬĵɢɫһҡҷԽԽǿЩȷ˺Ҷ
յۿʪ
Ҷû£Ҿͷˣ˫ƣ۾˷˸ӦƣϸϸĦĵ˺ָۣظշת£ָܵ͹⻬
Ǻڣôôɵһͳڶߣ˫͵ˮĺӣ԰׵ʳɲҰף˳۽Ʋס
Ҷôʺתһûѹֻ֣Ȼط
Ҷһ޵ĮȴûϤĵ㣬ÿҹζ˿ķΣϯȻξ
˭ʶ׷ʡ
һֻƻգͷͣפľ࣬źԣӡ
ǹɱѩϢȫʧ
˫Ѿ㹻ƣˣǱʶóʡ
ںɵصѳȥˮȥԵִݡҹɫеĺˮҽѻȡ
ˮԴԴðӰһһϯʳϣ塣
ϽǰţһֱĽֵ
ĺɫãֱ̻ӡҵյѽ죬Ѿ˯ֻδϢ̹¶Żҹɫֳ˵һ档
бֱĽֵƣӳգ͸̡ɾ̣ĵ컧Է
һ˾̹һճǣ˾ܲĿճǡ
ϽһХš𽲢ǰֱľؿڶӰϢβ
ķдһԣȻģŷĺɫڽֵϻ졣
ĿճתһƮƮӰ忡΢ЦЦ̣˵ĵ֮С
ĶŵĹӣüһĨǿ覣ƫƫ׽͸
Цݵֻһˣ¶
ϽѹӼǰУ¶ڹâ΢Цʮʱؿ˶һۣתβȥ
βʼһʵıӰ
ЧֻǰȨ·ʹߣս£ͿԷûеܡ
ճǼôϽһЦߵǧ˻һССĹ³ǣ
һǰʹأֻ;ɱˣִɣ˵ǰգضд
Ͻߣаɽׯ̮֮ˣСŭɶҪѪϴԭƣӦս顭˼һ£ֵԭڴ಼ǹҿδǴȥˮɱֻ֮ܺһɱǴǺɽפ֮أǷΪȻϣ׷ɱȥôһȱڣʵ϶
αֱǰУŲ磬ÿһңϽӽ׷ϣƫƫִסӰãֻɫֱתɽҲٵҹɫЦ
qqɽ֮ڣ䣬¶磬һۿʵ
ɽ·ڳ̶ףϹٵһ
ˮӪùδ룬ڱ˴ֿ
ϽһУЦŪ飡ϽֻģҾͳĶɱ
ڵĺʿѭ룬ϵ·һӣƵҹɫŨī̳£Ѫĺɱܡ
Ķǰһɽڿ˺ƵȺ
ɽףںĻΪۣǻ˵УƿԽ֡
Ǳаɽׯ˻صȷȺ׷ɣʸ߲Һءˮǰίߣˮ˷죬ȴ䣬ѩ㷺һƬ׹⡣ֱֳָУΧˮԶɱǽѣۡ
Ͻƴƣʾʿ۽ɽ´ѹֶɫ·ԭǼƻüɱ
ν˼ۺ죬ʿһаɽׯļϽָӣԷӿǰȥΧ˸ˮйͨ
ˮǰӰܺõȥ
һƬսͬųȥƳɢϽΪ
ҹɹֽоûҹգţɵԶˣ
Ϸӿһǿ磬ͬ۷ݣܵعĵ
ϽվβڶʿƻΪɣںɱУҲ̧ͷһۣǿңЯ˷ɱֱ³
ϽһϢԵң߲Ҷ˲С˲˭ˣ
ɫӰһּ֣Ҷӹȼգٶ֮죬ֻӰػζڲãĺɫС
ҹŰ£
Ͻ׷շԾӰзƾ裬ȺŲƲֹųͷݡ۶ôܵļֻɱһӣݻΣֻٿһǰͷҹɫ
ǰֻҩ˺ˮͷ
ԾѺϽͻȻһˣѩ
ľعͷкٳˣս
һӰƣһƮǰת信³һ֣
ʿΧ۹ס⣬żɱӰӣȻѩӣôˣҼٷأ
ѩͣĮ
һ˫ַѩӹĸ󡣡
ⲻʱȣɵصϼҴеļֻ
ѩ߼ֻ˵ֻܳ˲ɱյжѣع¶Ҳˡⲻ⣬ʣѩȴһԾһغϣƮƮطһĨ̡ɣ˿
׳ʢţ˸߶ȰӰһξ;ϣѩݹȻ΢΢һ룬ľֹҰռƸߵ㣬ܽΪ׵ɱˡ
ѩ鹭۱£׼ĵˡ
дϬХɫâһǰһ籡ͬʱϽȻХĿú󣬲ѩ׷ɱҩ˺ֻʶ
β׹ԣĺɱӸ£û뵲忪˼·ɫصһ׼ȷعᴩһʺ
ֱ¡
ѩһۣ¹˫չһһƬƣ˳ǰ
һϸխĽָأبŲĮ
ȱһֿɱ¾

5.¶

ѩΪĹ֮һǶ佣֣Ľϸխһʱ飬ԵõȱԤʾȱ֮ȱ
ЩҶ֪ѩһĮ飬װѩν޷죬Щϣ˫ɡ
ֻ֣Ҫ˫ɣõļƻпܻᷢģǹӣ֮⡣
ǰⶨһƻ˳ĿԶֻסˣ˫ɶ͸¶ԭһ֪Ļ޷¶ţ׷Ľ֮˺Ȼƭ׽֮ˣѩܲ¶ٰڣһҲϵ
֪֮ԼкܴΣգ޷˵ȥˣԭܼ򵥣ҩߣⳡкɽ
֮ǰС׵½֣һЩ̲ķӦ֮ԸѹƽϢҲΪҩҵѰС׵ı
ʱɣС׺ҩʲôϵҩûлشϸá
Ҷ˫¶еľаҩǰرһ飬һҲתᴩùǡ
һԯ֣ҩС׵ıǣ֪ܽڼգС׶Ӧ˵Ƿүүټԯˣ˴ӿ϶С׾²õѩ֤ϾҩˣԵ޹ʶһСģȷ벻κεɡ
ҩҽӵĶѭ˼װѩܿߡѩؿڱ˹Ѩнֵӵ˺һģһǿ˴˵㣬͵ѩݣѩݳڴϣ뿪ԯ
ѩһô뿪ԭʱһѩԯץѩջĶץͲڻ¡
ǰթǵʧ󣬼ȻͬΪˣҲϰáϢƲһʼöСӡ
ҪǳϷַԸԼת˫ȥɱ졣
ӦԶ·ϣܱ߹ػδţթ֮ǰ˫¶֮ںⷴзĿ£ѩһ˵Үɱǳѵ顣
νһʯˣ¾ֻ߱Ƿ硣͵ǰڳѰ˫յȺõѩӰӪ̹žһ֮ٴγƽʮݡ
һ֪·ֻҪݲҴʤָտɴ
Ӹۡǰﱸ磬͵Ź֮ս˫ɻؼҡ
ͬϸ뽭ƻҪˮɡ
ٴγ⣬޷ֲ⣬ǳʹ𽡣
òһ˫ɺץӦˣҰеʣµϰ˫ɴлҩļźһУ̺һеĵ·͵Ÿ֮ԼĸԸ£úļƲְ߳ת
ˣ˫޷֣ƾͼƱץߣȴշ˺
һеĿѽ֪ˣԯӦðɱ
Ҷټ˫ɺǿӿĵһͷ
ʧȥɫ󣬲԰ʤ֬ȫѩдʵءĿĵİ׷ɢ£ݺԣƫһļ۾أȫѪ˺ۣУһѪӡ
ͬһӣ˯ˣ˰ͣϲŭǰ֣̿һ˯Ѱɣ
עӰΣʹ˺ֻ§ؿڣʶ૵һһգҡţҡţΪʲôÿ뿪ң㶼òΣһαһκݣһαһҺ£
û˸˾񿴲֣סеǡ
ɱ𽣬ٴв˫ɣҪ󻼡
ʱѵֻһС
ĵ׵ķŭͬһıӣֱָסǴԴ˻˻ֱʺҲ廹δָؿڻʹ˴˿Ӧݣѩһع⡣
ǻѩҲ˴£ֻϲһһ㣺ɱ˫һ˫䡰ˡؼǵãεؼǵá
ⲻУ˫ɣ¶Իʱ͸¶޷ս۵ľ˵Ҽҷһֱ̾ϢϰĴϻɣС
ʱ;ŵվںڰ˫˰¥¶Ըȥ಼սˣ˹¶⣺л˽ʹһ·ϣǽһȦ
ú˫йأѾӦӸԤֻᰵ¶һ֮ӶʹļƻҲɡ
Ӱ߳ѩݣεسȫԼļƻ
͹¶ûʶݣװúܳɹǻЩʹ·õͳǻΪѩõΡ
ٺ˫ɣȥ𽣬˳еĲϰ塣
ĺɫ谵úˣһ·½ĵԾ
ϣʱ仹üĵ̽˫ɺٶƣȶһб֣ؼҡ
ʹĸкܶ࣬еĽƮ콣Ӱͬ÷ѩһַѩĽˡ
Ľкܼ򵥣򵥶ʵãһһһѻɽ޻ڷĶɾ
Ҷ֡ȱ̶°ɣ¶ָ⡣
ѽʴ֣ͬܲ¶˿ֻҪɱ˾С
ȱһѩĿҶ˳һһ¡Ű׹ʱɢаƵѨ׷׵·ԡ
Ͻۼ⣬ǰ;ͲľԾȥ಼ɽ´ףХָˡ
Һ׼ӣͷ·ȥǳˮ˵þˣҹɫ׼һԺڰзɳ϶ɱڳʿ
Ҷսһ̣Ӧ˵òˣͻȻشǰȱһϸխâƱƮɢ
һĺݾ䣬ʹ˹ӰصĽСӰΡһ磬ֱȥӰΣȡıѩ嵹ӳĽ⣬޷硢Լšʶ
Ͻ𱼶ʸ޷Ӧеҩˡ
̿һӳһݺ⣬׼ȷǰء͸Ѫ˳й䣬ģȱȴδմۻࡣ
ȱԢţҲǾխӣ˿ҶպãȲ˴棬ֲء
ɫ׺ݣϡҶس棬һɨǿҵĽκˣһһâԴԴϳؿڡ
Һˡһ˪йնɱȱڣһ估֣һǵ϶ȴӰ㣬ż϶ҹĻ
Ͻʸ泯˻죡ϣҪǣҪɱˣ
綨ᡣ˾ӳ微
¶·İ¥һԾ࣬۽ɪɪľʱͬ׹ĦһįĻ졣
Ŷģ˿ɢѣһǡ
˫ɼżų˯ѪɫϪѩ֮ƾġ¶΢Ӱ羲ƣɬˮ꺣ģ૵̾§ס㲻ص¥ȥ
Ʈİ׷ôĿģ÷ִѩ׷ףǸһԵټʱȾ˪ԡ
һǣ¼վӰԤǵһ롣
¶ճһ֣׽Χ˫ݵӣСչжꡣ˫ۻư˶Ծƥ˵ߣȥɽׯ
ȥ裬˿ƮֱּСһ·һվɶǡ
Ծ׵ɽվר˾سѹʵүӽɽׯֺɶ칤Ҳ˾ۼͷĸۡ
ɽׯ˴ηãñǷеĺܵشٵнڣԶݣ۱ӽݡ
˴ƽΪؼ˱յǣҶ·ַΪѡ˫ἰ߱ҶĽ󽫹սȨﳷ˱¼ƻյֲں跨ʹѩ׷߽붫֮İʯɽ
ҹ棬էůīɫתСյŨһƬĻϱǳϼ⡣
ʣɱһ޵ĶڣҲڰǱıȴŵڶҹ٣Ʒ
ɣصڼžɽ
Ҳɽ´಻ϺبһʮƥɽǰϣһƥϹתᡣ·;۱ȴɽľչɣӭɽɫ̴֦ᡢĪ⡣
˫˯߽ŷƣش˹¶УҶа
Ҷаɽׯûˡ
¶§ǰһ£ѩձ޼䣬ӰĴ΢΢Ļ۽ޣ˳ӭĴݵۿɳ䲭ֽɳɳɳļ⻮һһޡ
Ҷа˯еӴ󣬲Ť
¶һᣬɫָ֣࣬һ̧ϰԼ΢µȥůͱա
һ㵽ڻΣΪʲôҪôࣿĦİԶһҾ;ʲôҪˣֻҪͺá
¶ס֮ˣôôƥĵֿܷһ˿϶ĬĬļãǰĺɫ֪ΪαģǲҵãҲûлһ۰ڲ֪֣ÿλյӣӹһܣΪ˶ӽ㣬մϢһֱֻۣŵյ磬վǰ
һ壬ҡΣҶһز֪˶ãŷԼƣʪ妵գˮԴԴϣ̵
ǰ֮ǣߵʵĵƺԽʹ´ȥѰǽʹһ㻹ǵҵֻҪҩӣʶñıǡԣǸˣʵѾˣҾôɱɣٰ͵ߡ


6.

ǦƱ߷أĻǧ֮ƿ˲ȥٲȻƴճսϵıϡ
ҶһϮ¾ȾԾ֣ӰһƮȴأܣ򴽺Хһ
ڵӦеͬһδӦƻΪ˲¶κţðҹ档
ҶǰĿֱۻڻ谵ľմʪˮƬƬʢ뵺컨һᣬɽϴ
ҹԣýһãȵͣפ֮˷ɾ䣬ڲҶ˷񣺡ѩкηԸ
ŴԯҽΡҶĮ˵꣬ص۽ӹϣOO@@һ⡣
߱ӦӰһˣ¹תУعйȥӣӣӴذ˰Ӽ챨йӸƣǷ񼴿̣
Ҷ΢ţָڿв£һɱ𡣡ûǿҡ˵߼ŲҶĴضŻӦϢŭС˴ӣһҪ붯ӡ
Ҷעһɫ˫ĮȻ㵹ģƴҲҪΪԼ˵
ʿӻ֣̿ͷףҡ
ҶһЦתȴǳ·ʿ͵͵̧ͷͼ󣬼˵ӿҪȥôѾˡ
ǰ羢𣬻һǰ½һȣ˵˭˫ɣ
ʿҶĮһӦ䣬˵¶Ӵ˵ǸɽׯǰԸڰ¶޶⣬ǲδ֡
Ҷ˫ǰ֮ɪȻһѩӣ㡭ȻѣȻơ
һԾƥ˻һҶһɿ½ǳǳơ
ȶ漴
ʿ˵ùϿ϶³һ
ɽׯеɽׯһ󣬽ߣ۴ٲȻ̿ԶԶһ֮ĺϵĻͥԺϣɫչ֮
¶ɽׯһ˽ǡ̽ɽ´һսʼĩ΢΢һЦ˲⣺벶ȸںܰʵף򲻵Ե顭
üɢŵĹ⻪һЦԵЩ볾ȻԼƽͬܺãܺá
ְ׻ɫ˰ӿǴšϸ󣬷ǧˣ֮˲֪ɢʹˣϽǧһƴ
ڶɢ֦ƥϯض¶컷һƣɬĵ׵һһϮȫЩᣬѪգҪʱĥȺһõǰ·⽭ˡ
¶ͥһߵԣһ߹ƵƵʩ񣺡λӢװϢԶɶɱһޣ˿ѲãϣҹŻᷢ
ԵȺдһʣ¶ӣزκһˣ
¶̾ش𣺡λ֪ǵԷɢʦ°ȥƽҹͷ󡭡ܶͥˮίУԸˮﵣսΡ
䣬Ⱥ˻¶ǰ˳ճʹˣкĿģ
Դľ񣡹ӵļƻôй¶ȥô죿
ɺ𣬱ϵҲ࣬ѽʧָͣӾԴˣ
Ӵ䣬һɨҹսĽƣ˷һƬ¶ţƽĬĬһͥľѤһ˿忡һ
һֱβ뷿䣬¶תĿæ̧˵¶ɷǣһս;ۼº֮ģ塣ּ¶ݣսҴýǿ໵գղʱֵһƬңֻü·˷׷Ӵܡ
¶ԣ⹫ӣôˣ
ҲڣˬгѩӸչ˷˰ȫڳһֱѹסβں˶孽ղҼһ߽ɽׯȾѪɱȴûκӰ¶ӣ㿴Ҽҷ𣿡
ǡ¶һ䣬£Ц޺ţҷƫƧ֮սķ̫ҪúõϢ
¶ˣһЦǲģȥԺ̽ӡ
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ɳȾѪ죬ͭڡѩŰﴽǳˮ࣬˫ξˮԺиһĮ˵˫ɣɽûܰ㣬סκ¶ÿԼ
ʦ˫̾Ϣһһǿ־ʹ۾ʦӦˣܶ˶ֵ𾴺Ρ
ӴЩ΢⣬֦ɳɳ֮ĿŰҡ߬˿ڣһ˿ʹֱۣʲôͷԼ
£ѩױа£ŵװգ˯ʱҶױ硣
ϸϸĦӣָ͸ɢ㣬Щ˺۾ȻͿ˺ҩࡣ
˫˵ǰ͵سһ壬ǰӹһƬ⣬̵۾ŷɬ⣺Ҷһ͸⣬ֱưƣҶ𣿡
Ȿվһ꣬ʮͣ㣬δڳ˫ɣ֮죬󡣡估󣬳΢΢һ˵ҽݳ棬ӣӷԸصغڴˡ
˫ľȻעԶգȴ׽һ˿ҶϢ侲ʣҶ֣ѵʲôĿģ
ݳ湪ֵд󰭣ǷҪҽΣ
ˡ򡭡ӡ
˫ɴһᣬ׵طӦæת񣺡ԭǹ¶Ӹ㣬ʧʧԺ̲¡ƫƧ֪˴
ݳ΢΢һЦƽ˵ɽׯķϵĺԺӼ徻ΪüתѣԽﰲⲻ۵Ľ䡣
һ˫ɣԼͿæ׷ĿǰƣȴһЩ⣬ݳһһɫݣսֽȿ̲ݻң¶ӣҪ̡
ݳĬ˫ּҺ͹ãЭյˣץʱȥʣµ飬Ǻ˼
ݳʦϧǵЦˡǹӹϧӣϣЪϢЪϢȻ̣·
ӳŨľ£ҵӰӰ´ż¹ɫɣڣ㡣
¶飬Ŀɨ⣬¶죬һ˲ָֻ糣˴ܷĽ£˫Ե߽ڣһ仰Ϳżɽ¶ӣ֪оƣսֽţһٰæһ顣
˵꣬ȻؾϹ
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˫֮ɫ⣬ݳһֱβ˫ɽ󣬴˿ͻȻǰȻӣӣӻô
¶һۣЦ粻ؾţ޴󰭣ֻҪЦδ꣬һȴѪ˿
˫ɫһʹ۾̶ϧҪ͸ͫʣ沨𵴴Ǹ⡣ݳ濴һָۣп˵ӱˣ˴Ϣ˵ÿտҩݲƢθͳԲһڷˣӹͰסˡһһҹϢβģ
˵գص̾һ
磡¶һʾֹݳæһһԴź
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¶Ĭʹ֣һ㼴ʹվŲҶܲļǴҪȥץѩɣÿοӣҸпѡ㣬һ׼˷ͷǱʱ̵ʹ㶼ϧ㣬ұֻӣҺúõػȥ
˫̧ȻʧЦΪΪã
¶ƵЦݣԽؿɬƭˣƭңܴʵվȫǿһ־֧ţһץɱ־ͻиʱ볤˯ѡ
빹Ҷ˫һЦŻӦǶ˽ңûյǲģοҷ˰ٻ¶ܴӳѹ־ǿķӳ𣿡
¶ȣݳỺ󱳣˳һ˵ӣȥҩȻ󼲲˳ȥ
˫˫ƻԥ£߽¶԰֦ûһ˿Ѫɫ̾һϧḧ󱳣ӶౣԼӣǰͣˣһʵǹⲻȥ
¶Եø˵£û㣬ЩҲֻһǣǻһʹʱҳԲδϣοȳѪΣѪ˿࣬οһƵˮ
˫ɫȻס˵죬ҿ
¶Цüī续˫ͺ磬͸һᣬչţ΢Цǰ˻ֵ̿ӣ˰޳
˫δŤֱӴ磬ϸϸüʼרϡ
ľ˸֮ԷƵüԷ۵׵ϸ˫΢΢ɫӷϷ½һƬ粢ٶˮ
ʢ⣬Ǽ¹Ȼػһ˿е
ľԶ赭ౣ֮˶ʱһ
Ժ͸ž
ۺΣ˰ϵİѪۣɫɫҶžվ˺ܾã˫Įͫ壬Ǻɽݺһذѩ÷
֪ܶʱˮǰѤʵĺ磬ı顣
߳ȥܼ򵥣סΪѡ
ԴС紥ݴԵɳɳһЩӰӡ
ֻһ˲䣬Ҷ˹¶⣬ĵЦһ󸺵ƣһ󣬶һԾһ˿ۼ뿪
ݳһӣ߽䡣
¶ȻŵţǳЦ˫·ۻϢݳһۣҲЦЦôģıֻꡭС㣬ټĵЦʵЦܺÿӦö࿪ЦЦ
¶һۣЦݽֹûûСԽԽûء
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ⲻ𣿡ݳһЦ˵ҪҽΣһȥɽׯʱֿԵһ𡭡
¶̾Ϣ˵ôģһֱǹʹ˵ˣŹʹƣѡ
ݳҲĬ˻ᣬͻȻ˵Ϊǰΰʾң
統淴Ӧһѡ¶ƿ˿ڣЦһοϣһϷϿˣ䲻׵ֵúܺáڶǰʾ뿪ϸϸ鿴ܹΪҲ룬Ӧˡ
ݳĬȻ¶ɻݣӵһֻҪһаһֱעŴĶ棬˼󣬴⹹Ҷһˡ
ݳ̾ϢţƺЩ˿ɬĻס˿ڡ
һһҾͷֿƲԼֻҪܺһ𣬽ʲôҶԸ⡣¶۹ɢ細Իľǰҽ˻ƽ񣬵һ˳һ۷ʲô£ǵһ뵽ңҡһ´꣬ҽЪϢҡҡͷվںӱߣľͷ׮һŴңϣûˮ˳ŷ˿ʡҿᣬȥ滻ûлһҹꡭ֮ȫӰӡ
ݳŹ¶̳꣬ɼӣ¼˻䣬ֻһֱ߸˻ȥ
͸ߵ⣬һģӰҡҡλεӡڵ棬¶Ӱһ㵭Ĺ⣺Сһֱͣҹȥϲһһ᲻뿪ѹԻ˶ʮꡭֵĳһĽᣬٺаҽǣҺ·Եӱʮ겻ȴȲʮ꣬ҵҲȥȳһʮ꣬ҲˣŽᣬճһӦҵҪҲ˳Ҷġվߵֹͣ˲ֻûϵȻ̵סʲôûˡ
ݳ漫ӿڣҲ鿴ǿùƤ𣬵Ʒ÷飬ҶѾή׻Ľӡʢˮ
¶΢΢һЦòᣬȻҳңһ̳ˣ㲻ûҪѪ
ݳ濴ݣ̾Ϣû㡭
¶ֳ΢΢һЦ˵ҲֻԶѣаһֶֺΪ
¶˵ƶݳ˼ҶΪ˽ϴε棬ӣ̲ס֣ػԽԽʹͬʱľӪļƻҲס˲ֻ֣˵ƻǳҪò˹ӵԸ
ݳ̾Ϣǳת䣬һ£ûĿơ
¶صҲ£ǲƴڻЦ
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˵ÿֿ֣ϰ֮˲жΡ¶ἰ˫ɣɫͣݴЦңȻ˼
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ȥʲôݳ
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ݳ۾һЦ˵ǵļƻˣԭҪʯɽһ򾡡룬ֽӵɽһйŹ֣û㽻ʲô𣿡
һߵüֻзƳڣʲôû˵뿪ˣҴܲ³˼ԲŷĴ󵨵ߡҪģסϽȥⳡҪĴս
ҹŨ
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ӣ״Ҷ޳ӡ
ݳ濴ˮüĿݵǶɫײã޼ʡѾүӳʮɣ
¶ʣһḧУ֮תɫظڼϡƷȫºʢ⣬Ǵһϵ̡
ʮǰӸ׵İţںףһͨͨˡȻÿҹתѣһֱصĽƽ¶΢Ө׽âкɳӰ͸һӦúõػһΣź䣬һǹӡ
ʮĥһ˪δԡ
¶ִʢ߽Ժ
ׯȼ͸ĻѣһɫȻ
λӢۣ¶һȭ⳯£⴫˷ХŽǧóɱƵˮߣֻǧȽ֮ʵϴ󡭡
ǲ£Ⱥغ˳ʱӦͣһǹһ
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ɽׯǰµɸӣŷӰյ֨֨ѽѽƮڷУ
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һֻɽѻݷԶաŶβͣδţͻȻӳգ콵ϼ⣬Ժҹһǿҽ
ƺƴ纣ſնƫسǰʶһϬ׷׳ܣɫˮˣͼѾ쿪˺ۡ
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7.ƭ

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¶תŸޡ˫ӳղк죬ҲϹ¶һһνѪͬϸɢ䣬˷˿СմѪۣԡѪɳ

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ᶯһȫʵİҹתһ񣺡ˡ
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˵˴˳ɫ͸ˮߣһ£Ҽǹһصߡ
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ǺǡѩӭһЦЦͭ壬ػصڴϣÿἰӣôһ飬ǿԼĶǬأޱȵԺ㣡ǸҲ룬ҲŮѵΪĸ״ĺӣ׾ĮҡҺ⣿˵Ҳҵĸףһ˼ڸϣͷȲѾҶӰͷò׵ϿɣһֱšСշˡλ˶ʮ꣡
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һ٣һЦ˵ǵ㳦ӣҶúܡ
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㿴棬ǲǺȤѩ򿪴һЦ޵а


8.Ǵϣ

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9.Ǵ£

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Ͼһ˵ǰֳֻ󣬼ϵĻӺƵػζܵضźˡͬ꣬ľӰӣϾǻĻꡣ
ӰӾš
ϽϾعֻƴسðĻǣ˿մȾϣ롣
Ͼִȵ
䣬˷׷ɶܣʸ׼ȷضС
ʯɽٵĴ岻֮ңɣѾĲࡣ


10.Ծ

糱ǣɽϱӿĻ̰ͷһһŰʯԵĹľԡһƬҽɵĹ⾰˫͸ƵĻ࣬һİӰߴȹƮɹɴ˷µľŮ
ѩľս١
˫ǿѪɫ⣬ǵӰһۣתյù̵ɽʯȥ¶ȣ˸ͨµķ϶Ե˽ȥ
ɫëҹз״˺ۣ֮£Ҳ˻ɫӡǡ
˫ḧëָ⴫ºƽĲһ
ȺβָӣƴȫİΣƷֻͷʱǵˮ
ķ·𱻺ݺݾһѣҲȻŰһһǴڻҴУӳŻӰԶԶȥҹõǣ׷ɵҶӡ
Ͼ뿪ǰ˫ɣջɽ
ûڡüĿһŽǳ˵ֻһѡĻᣬпܣԸ޷ϳ˯ѣҲԸԺôʹࡣ
ϾĿΪ֮˵ţɬаѶĵһһ¹ļϣҶѹң֮ս󣬳͢ͻ֪ʯǹ󣬵ʱٲɾΧȺɽɾ򡭡ȺһܵţΪ˺ǵĵ̣һײеزɱˡңȴûôʱȥ
ҲûжʱȥǨȺҲ޷֤ȺǨʱȥɱ;աϾ裬ʲôûֻͣľګ˵ûо˹ңϣѡ֮ŹңҲĵĥ
˫ɽִʴɫĹâ˼ᶨɽüۣ߳ȥδۻӣݣŴ뿪
Զ죬ҽвϣѩȻϣܵЦȹƮƮɴ죬ţòһ˿̣·¶϶ӡ
߶ȣṦ׿Խߣ޷
ߴ˵ʤѩȫתѩϢʢҹеѩ֮⡣
ʮɿ⣬ɫʬ縡ĭһأʱǣһģ£ΡȻ俴ŵϲڼŤڱ˻ţڹӲд
ô壬Уȴûһһк޹ء
һХӿһ㣬ī̵֦ڣδꡱ۶ϡ
춼ǺӰӣһɢ˿ݺݵؽǵâѩͷն£
ѩżһ㣬Ʈɣһɢլˡδվ轣âʢҹɫй䣬Ӱ׷ӡ
˫ὣһնǿҽֱһߣһǷլѿͬƬнȥͣصðһشԾ󱻼Զ
ѩȹ׷ѩҹƮתĹ֦һϺ⽣Ӱ˫Ʈʴޱȣÿһƾ춯أضһĹ֡
⽣Ӱ䣬ʴ˪ҫҹɫУŭĿ
ѩһˣѩתܿɭɭĽһլվһЦӴ˫ɣƲС蹷һ
˫ɷɻǽغľʴ£ѩСҿͺͷû룬ôֲ£ǰжϷ֮ʹ
һΪͷ˿նѩ﷢ޣЦ˫ɣ㲻ƤװһϹҲһ
˫һЦָŻѰһѩ
ѩ˼䣬˫һֱҲ𻰣۹ȴڿһɵӡʴڣܼһ㺮âӳ˿Ρ
ѩ˫üĮ˿Ϊ֮룬ָ̧޷ͻȻ˵˫ɣҸ㽲£Ȥȥ
ѩģڷޱȣеˣ𷽲Ŀɱ¾ȴĮȻģ˫ɻ󣬲ɫصŶԸꡣ
һŮСѩʱĸ״һˣԺ˽֡Ǹ˳úº͵ЦᱧСѩǱߵĹ£иСкεؽεش˲ãǸСڹһ쳤ˣСѩҲŹ³ˣһιʮꡣ
֪СѩһҲϲ˵Ĺ£Ϊ˶Сѩװܹɵţϸüеı仯ֱһ죬СѩĸСշˣӦ⿪ϵĶҩǰס
ʱСѩܾţİ·һĸ׳ĸ׸СѩɹҮɱҹҪȥԭңȡʮأսʤɹֲ孻ʸȶĵλΪСѩĸһ뺺Ѫͳһֱڻܵż
ĸ׽ȨСѩŵսȡȨСѩõ˵ѩ΢΢ףЦ棬ڣ˫ɣҲ֪СѩңҶӵĸףԨ
˫һ𣬽סʴѩϸϸ˫ɫ仯ֳԳЦĸµŮͶŮǴСιһֱΪҩ裬һݺҹɱ֣ǸŮܲ˵ģÿҪĸ׵ļҲҶӵλʶߪΪӣӾλˣʵ۶ʶмӣϳʥʱľŰ֮񣬶أҵŮЩʲôֻҲóֵҰ֡
ѩ嵭ķ磬ããҹ·˵һ޹ص˺£𶯣˫ɣҪ˵صˡҰƴ书Ϳĸ׵ĿƣװһֱȴһʱҲţһΪԨʮŮˣý͸ˣȨˣҵĸ׶õڣᵽˣĸ׸ҷһΪޱȵĶҩæؽ͵ԭεսٵңȥҵİʯ
ĸײ֪ʮҩƣѾҵ巢˱仯Ҳô׵жˣĸҲ֪ƻչһǧ˵ĶڣѱΪĳ룡
ŶǺǡѩԹɴ죬һЦװĸĵӣκ¡ԭ˷ˣй¶̴ܣģ¹ӵֶΣһһŬңΪǶʼɹӵĲܣΪ̰ԭʱֳŻĴ󵨵سԭսҲܴﵽĿģڱ߷սǿǹӺҮɽ飬ֻŵӣҮӦĸ׵֦ڣһŲġ
ѩһЦ˳ƮǣҪ˷ȥհʯݻٵ³ɱˣЩƻҶٶܲµóҹϣȥ㵱ɣ
ӣ˫ɴһͷɢͳʴȻ죬һҹб
ѩϾĺͯϸϸĹʱ˫ɽʴֻǳƣѰһɱֻӶƲͬװźڵ⡢ϵ£ǲҰããıӣ
ʱŤǹȿӵɭɭ׹ǡаˮһ߾Ʈʬ塢ʬ촦¼ʿһзһӰ
һĲһһǰ֣סɣҡεǿеԽѪҺ˻һɱӣɱӣ
аû˲ǰٲǹȱѡԭشظɺԡзһУǰɵģĿģΪĿ⣡
ƿܣŪƣƳ棬˲
׽̵˶ʿÿ䣬ͦԡѪսǸûи֮֮£ִɱ¾׹޾ֻأ
ΪʲôۣΪʲôۣ˫ֻһ˫Ѫ˿ĵ״ŭ𣬡ʲôʲôƴɱͷȫʲôһеɱΪʲô
˫ɿһһԾִʴǰȥ
ѩɹرƵ˫ɷңȴ޷ԤĽԵ绢Хϸǵһ˪Ϊ̹ǣ
𵴣ҹ˻լںкȻҵï裬ĻڵӰ١
ӣ˫ɺ٣Ӱűǣ쵽ضնĽˣҩˣôˣ㻹Ǹ
˫ɵȹصڷУʹࡣѩЦڿҵĽ϶Ҷܣ۳˫׷һôͻȻһЦйѸ
ǵɫɴַɳ͵һҹɫֱǹ˫š
˫ں֦ϼһܿ˵Ӱ˭֪żո䵽棬ѩ㣬ڶɴӳĽס
һоڵʯ֮䷢ಫһжܴ⡣
ѩһЦ˾Ӻһ˫Դ¡˫ɻӽˣâһնƮݰƮѩ
Ӱһǰһ£ѩ紩ĺ鷭ɣ˫˫죬ңԷ裬ĺɫâԡķˡ
һҪɱºͬھǰڶԩףеŭεضƸǣ
ѩһЦͫͻȻһתıɫ
˫ĵѪҺƺը۽ǴѩЦЦӣȻ侲ҹɫ٣ѩʼèͷӥļܣӻȫ
ʱ̲ݻ
˫ɽҧгȻһᣬٲһкһĿĺѩĿѩƽʣһӱñֱһش˫š
ɴ۵һû˫ǰأ˫һһ϶ʮɹֽ
ɫӹһ㺮⣬»ҹա
ѩҽУѪ䣬ԴԴ۽ǣ˫ɣˣ˫ֽۿĺ쳹Ұ
˫ʹ֮ʣȫһ
ݺƥϼǧһγ滨ֱ꣬ǰĻѩ
Ӱ֮⻪һ
ѩŷŤưƮӣֻä˫ɺ֮˪ԽԽһɱʱŴݿİ
ոնֻϣǰغͻȻʹоϸʯשѨλ壡
ԭǾһİ壬׼·ҽնأɳմѨݻһУ
ѩڵ棬ҷ˿մѪγһưϸҳϡڴڴۿ²ĺ飬쵶ɻѪɫ
Ȼͬһֻ׵İ
˫ɿһ罦Ѫʴ֧ӣ߽ûȻǸ
ѩ˻˻Ѫĭӣ΢Σ˫ɣ⣬֪ľѪҲҪˡ
Ҳ˫һЦһš衱£˵һԸδɣҲ
ѩ΢΢ߣ̳ɻΣ֪ʲô͵͵غ־ģģ塣
ഺꡭ󡭡𴲡ŽסϪˮϦաٻ
˫϶ʴһһŲȥ֪ò֮Ի䣬Ϊ̫̰ӹָպ֪š
ѩŬһЦĻƣ˵ˣҸղǱɱһǡŮͶ󡯣ʮ꣡ÿһ𽣽Ƕȡֱ仯ֻûϵӣӼסҵĹ·ٳûϹҵ۾
˵úã㲻˽ˡ˫һֲĨȥѪĭǶУèͷӥЧҹɶУȫޱȣȴΨһš۾èͷӥˡǰƣ֪ܣ㲻ż˵ʵڻҲᷢһӱ仯ҸѴ㡣
˫Ųѩߣ˫ʹʴֱ۲⺮ݣѩҲܣʹҪµҲҪͿ
¹⣬žϳ̲ݣձ޷ա
ԽҹдͳöĸǻԲ
ĻɸƵزססȻ
һƮݵӰԲãҹɫ֣ڲƮƮ
˫ɿˡü޳Уֱޣϳ񣬵Į飬ں͸վ̳£ϺĻǷ֦˵ġ
ɷǴ⻪
˫ɺͷһ¿ڶҶͻֲԣʴڱۺվֱĹһ񣺡ׯ
³ΣֻȥԨȻƽ˵Һ֪ʲôҸֹʱѾȰʱûн߾ȫ
˫ĬȻֻҪŪ׵飬ĮȻԶԡ
Ԩ΢΢Ϲƽ벻֪Ϊʲô
롣
Ǹ׵Ĵ£Ԩ΢΢һЦͷβûпһ۵Ӱ˵Ǹηһֱ谭ҺҶӰĻ£ҶӰѲҲܲסҵŭԭҶǰΪŵҪҷԭҶ
沨Ʈ⣬Сѩĸȣҵ⣬ҷҩҰ꣬һֱҶ˼ȣһδ󲡺һ겻ڻԡСշ˼Ϊǣ˸͵Сѩߣ¶֮ҵʧ֮ʹ
äĿغǻĸ飬ҷʱѾ뿪˶季ĸҡףΪߣԸκ顯Ҳ²ҪץҶǶԭʹǰҲ֪ĿĻûô򵥡
ׯˡðȻȥ磬ǷҲƶϳ֮˫ƽؿԨͻȻ˵һ䡣
ԨºһЦǵģҶӰ޷ԭֻܿҶĸס
ׯΪĿɱ¾޶ԣ
ˣ֪ʲôѩżãԨĻһ̱һֱڹһֱΪΪʼɲսʤӣΪֻĸ׵ע⣡ҿԺӲЦȰһ˳ȻҪǿʲôʮ꣬ҲˣȻ⣬ʲôǵӡ
׸׽̵ҥҲǵζѩȻһЦֵ¹⣬žϳ
½ɣ裬Ԩ־ں޲续ﾲݵˡ
˫ɿſҶĮЦܹἰׯҾһϤĸоׯд޷֣ϣһ˳ӦȻ徲ΪɷչҰ˵һλǰǼΪơνˣȻϲۡ
糺ϼڰգҹһһ˫ɵĿԡԨīͫ𳤽Ȼֱسѩ䣺˼ɱֹɱֻܶأԸһ޹
ԨĬĬر۾
͵һûѩѪȻʳȾ˴ء
˫ʧվֱԲͣϪˮѪʳǣòĨȥԨһۣתǲҹɫ
ǰ˵仰ׯһЩػδ͸ɳʥ
Ʈ磬ûټǵڵӰ米أһһؼڽɳȻظȻûлͷһۡ
ҹɫʢ⣬һ޺콵أӵ˵Ĵء
˺һ£¶ۼˣϢС²֪٣ԯҶӰȫڵȾפ
²ͬƼ𲨣һȻսɱ¾ӭ޺
ˣԭȫƽϢսˣȫʧȥ˫ɵϢˣһԨ֣ûдڹһ


11.ȱ

ս̴ԭɢȥ꣬Ȼ磬ĻʢǧｭˮơףȻ羰죬ð
쳾İһһǽС
Ǹҹ߻ߣһլ˯һ󡣴۾ŷȻݵŻ
˫˺ܶҩ裬ϴ֮ϲغõϿ˼úȥδӣ
ʯ֮;ֻһȥĵطֹһ
λ͸ưܵĴ񣬼žѷ衣ѩǾëĵӰس
ҶȻŲذʲôƻϵƣԼԼ²ӦǺͱսйء
˫վƽ̯ڿϵľϸͼ
ϸܵϪѣָĬĬĦ׷ݣһֱصĿηƳˮӿ֣ϯȫָҲ֮ͣפһҫϣ档
ɽˮˮ¾֮ʱ¹⾲صӳڱ̴ϪУˮ˼ɾҪǣХأĵڶʾӡ
û㹻ߵ
ԶУôһҪغɿ˫̾˿ԯܻȥ⸱ģҶҪ֪ˣ϶ᵣġضȥֱ۾ҺǰһԸдؼ翴Ҳˣֻʣңͬôǣһ·ɡ
߳ʱϾڴµĺۼԴ𸴣˭ȻɱҪԣԸѰһ徻أƴ־ҲҪתѹ
Ҳбʣܶ鲻ԼܰյģԭⳡƽٺĿðҰʬҰзշͬϲԽ˫ĿۻΪӦŻѩĻĵ̰㣬бߣʹƽ
еһѣһ˳𣻼ʹʤ˷ʲô壿
˫һģһҪںɡһҪصҶߡ
˫߹֣߹ɽڣ߹̲ԭҰ߹ܶطϦӰӣջҶ񡢴һƥѩ߽ҹĻ˵ܶʼ˵βֱͣպ߲ˣɽϲĨȥһһǵӰ
һλεػص˺ɡ
ˮżţˮبǰ续ӣƼ򶨵վɽϵȴ
ڿɡ״ĻﵽƮɣϼƽ
ģ˫غһΣ˳ԲĶʯȥ
˫ҹɺӣɽ̲ӺֽŷƬϪˮӵкĻҫˮӳ̽Ĳݣɫ̿侰ʤƾʤأʹ޽ɽ٣Ҳ޷ȾһŵԶɽˮ֮⡣
·ľͷȻһׯ԰ֽܼ̳ǣչȻɡ
˫۾ȷһΡӰںҶ䡣
ߣǽ⻨϶˫Ϥĸʽ羵ʯǽ棬һµϢŵؿ첽ǰڸϵĺҡ
ҷʵزһֺ͸ױīһ֣丮
ҾԽԿī֣˫ֻһۣˮ̲ס˳
ֻһ¹壬ּ޷ڸӲ磻ҲֻһʱȴΪ˺ܶ¡
Ӷס͢Ĺǿ¹žйһһֱһڱĬĬسܣĬĬعע丮ĸֲãҶ԰ԵʱմϸһΣû뵽Ǳεؼ
Ҷԭ˫һҡ
ʯ̨ȡңÿתǶϡɼլӰӣܴ಻ͬ׳͸Ÿ֮
լȻɨϻ½Ҷֻ֦ǿϺۼ׸ţҶѰ׵ʹӶ
ľĸԺǽзɳ˫ɾֱ˺֡
Ӽžż޵УĬĬذǿһ˽ȥһ¹ڣ
βͣһؿ
մʪ˲ҶĹ·أڷּ䣬еǣӦʺϲˡ˫ɿڣϼߣ֪˶ãĮһͷͻȻԶһצ
Ҷƣɢǳһɷۡ
Ŷ޻צȻһ
Ϊһ걻Ϊ 塱Ļ˵Ҷ＾ǧֻУҶһԱ£롣
鲻ΪԵע˫ɽżȻ֦ɣЦǷȰҵʹ𣿿ϧҲһҪƴȫȥԣȵҶһ졣
ʱˮţ˫ɰУԺҲ֪˶ãֻһĻ꣬԰ɫȥɽˮ֮䡣
оı仯Ȼƽصȴš
֪ȥЩԶĶ֮¥ϣһ¿ŵӰμĳŵٽȴ

֣Ҷȵָ᯼ţƺξ
һɳɳĽŲԶһһ̤Ҷ̾͵ء
˫ؿһŬ۾΢ɡǻƮɣصɢϮɫ۽ǣ˿µգãò̫
Ͼ˫ɶ˶촽һһϣյҵԣȻˡǧں䣬ȴû˵³֣л
֪˼Ͼ۵ؿ˵˯ʱһסӣսδƽϢǰ͸¶ϢЩҶǵãİɡ
˫ɵ۽΢£޶˰Ĭ·Ѿ˯
ϾĬȻãֻסƮƮӣһᣬһ߳⡣
ϼ貣ȥʱϦ졣


 

   
12 


߱߹أ漱
ʮξԭ뱱ͬʱܵڻϮԭսʱȫƽƾȴһɹҮɱʮ򣬴Ӷʯűȫѹα߷ؾԡѪսʬսƴɾιѲڣ䡢塢˳Ȱʧء
ѮӦдӸݣҮɱ潻档˳ɱ˫ӮʦһռĪݵݣɾγɶԿ֮ơ
̱ӣսһֱڽС

¡꣬¶ʮ׹ʦӪʱ
׹λ᪹Σֵʢ꽵£ˮƱüΪļǺˮӾӪʽǱڶŭǿ˻Ұ
ӪڣƵҡµӰӡгΪӣձϯ齣Ǳ߹վһյƣһԾĻΡ
̯һᣬӦ΢΢׿õ鱨ӳĮ͵üԷһֱֹһԣ͵ɫӦѩ԰׶䵭һ˿еĲ
һսʮֽҪҮɱһʨšӦ˿鿴ãյطԸһ˫ˣֻʣб࿹һټʨʿ±뺷ƽԭսһڹؿڳɱҾ׵ֵɴ˿ƶǼΪ
ʨţԷһǰҮʵĻʦӪկ֮µʨţ
Ӧڷ̧ͷһۣЦݴ䵭Ү󣬴֮ʦ˽ӣ˴ҮɱƴɱҶӣǰսΪ˸ʨɨ·᪹һսʮֹؼҮɱһսǬƱػʨʿ
Ӧָ˳ŵͼѶУԷǿ᪹صεĹؼؿںñȺ«죬һƿĪ̹¶ʦ֮£ȾԭľʦλҲ᧿Σ˿΢ﵭӰӣӦЦõĮĵӰԽԽ󣬲׷ʣӿʤ㣿
ӦЦͻȻʵԽӦŹһЩɣԭոմҶӸ˲ϢҮɱڱսԽûϵ
Է˼£ҡҡͷӦеһЦش𣺡ΪҮɱɵҶϵһ֧ҲǰȡԳϿʤʨŵĿǡѩӰӪ
ѩӰӪһ΢УԷʹ˵ѩӰӪ֪ʿ࣬ýڰ֮ͻжѸ˿ɼ˶٣ʲôʣҶԶݣͻȻᵽ֧ѵǡ
ӦнؿڵԽ֪ѩӰӪֻҶһˣҪȣ׼ͼԷüչעӵͼδʲôǵĮ˵Խصǡⳡһʤ
Է̧ͷ
ڷ磬ݣȥս׵ӦУôһλºͿŵĹӣ΢䱳Ӱںڰﾲ峺¶׹أһĥӡǡ

Է䣬Ǹ䵭ƽʵѩĿǰæصѽӵ´Ѷѩδʱִ᪹ء
δʱôӦ΢΢ףؿԾЩƮ죺ǾǴսˣʱȻպá
Է죬ʣΪߴѩӸ
Ӧлعͷֱ⣬Ӱһ㵭⣬ͳ֮ɫһߣһ䵭˵Ҳ͸¶࣬ԽֻҪסһսѩǹؼһҪĸ
ԷӾ죬˵ս˧ӦӦӣΪսǰһѩӵȣ
Ӧб۾ڲǰƽ˵еǰɽԽ˧ſʣ
ĩҡԷһֹ̧شӦнŲͣ٣ÿʲôû˵˳ȥ
׹ˮҹɫɻʣ޹ů밧Ӫ¶һ⣬ʿǶѳ˯ˮǼž߶ڱ߳ĳӰͷʩ糣Ѳӡ
һ֦Ҷڽ˺ڰӦһֱĬȻ£źڳĺˮֹ
ܳƣʪ⡣
һᣬͳидļ飬δֻǽ˺飬ֽŻΪмƮ
ż跭ģ޷ȰӦΪŬѿΣǰ׻Ȱת⡢ҪΪһС׷ǰ̵̬ûõԤڵĻӦԴҲϬӲ
Ӧɫ糣£ºһЦ

תƣ᯼šˮǵĭǺХƾõıˡӦ̧ͷעӼȳǣڿԶĬĲô貶Ө
۾Σȡ
Уֻһ˵˫ܳģ޷ǡ

һֱԿļ䣬ͬһ
ȥ꣬۹࣬һԸǡʹ̫಻ǣǰӦиɣٴζŻתʣ³պϵף
Ӱӣ¶վһޡ
͸Ӧж˶ϵı¶飬תʡ
̴Ҽףһһϣ񶥵ǵ΢ӳڡÿһ滨ǹǰ
ɫӧͷǹֱŵڱϣӦǰưǹˣĦ£¶˾ģһ³ӭϼһս

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ӦԴ򾫱ۼл߳һˣһǹ࣬ǹתһâ
ߺˣͦǹȵ
Է꽫ݿƲǣüһĨаԺڼĵ˷ƺ簵ҹڤޡ
Ӧһû뵽ɳϻ
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ЩǾӪ鱨صݣػزΪ֪
һ㣬ӦʮǾϰֽ似ǿ
ЦһӦɫȻصǷɛҮɽ֮ӦᣬսϷָҸ£ԷӦһӣĸǰȥ
νһɱ
ȳƥɢ½Ӧǰ档ɫ죬ڹؿƽ̿
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ѪϸƣԴԴ˳ǹʡ
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Ѫ״ɢӦ浹¡
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սеޱ飬ǹ̵֮ˣǱҫǹ˴Ѫɢ۵һ´̽Ӧš
ǷʹӦи޹񷣬Ӧ޶˵ѪԣɵһЦر۾
ͻ䣬ξ˧ȱ˴¡˶ʬϵʿʹѵҧƴɱѪ߻Ƴ
ʱ˫ֻƴȥʨţ᪹ؿԩ꣬ŵʱɽȣѪȾس죬ɳϰεض𣬲´´µӰ

һʱ᪹ʮһɽڡ
Ҷߴӭĵ纮˪÷Įһ˿ů̧ͷգһХڳŻӥ¡
ӥͣפϣپצϵڡ
Ҷɫһδ⣬֤ӥ޹
뿪ԭһ࣬˫ĭãã˺ʧȥӰ˱ˮ£Ϊպ÷磬ԭսϢ޷ۺ˳ƽʯɽж孲˴֮һϢ
֪缺Ȼҿ϶֮˾˫ɣҲǴΰʯ֮Χ׵ʧȥϢ
ҶؽӥУ˪֮ɫ㲼īͫʡδعһҵĽŲһγغ
ûͷҲˣֹ缲ʲô£
ͨһ֮˫ϥ䣬סر˻ĩԷѩӵȣ
ҶȻת䶢סԷ
ѩӡԷһĨѪᣬ˵һʱǰӴ򾫱ѪƴɾնɱоѲȫӪûӱҲɛǹ̵˵ֻҧס촽Ҳ²һ
ҶεһԷ½Цҹã
ԷĿᣬ۾һҶ½ŭ£ҵԷ֮⡣
ԷҵأסʹһҶһһ߽ɽʯöɭɭӡ㲻ϸ˵սӵÿһ仰ÿһ©
ԷŻһѪ˿ڣҹӾͱֵüΪƽԼЩõͷնǰ͵͵һ᪹ؿڡսʱҳɱֻ࣬ΧżһǹƵ䣬ǯסǹץʱǹش̣ɲ֪ΪʲôӺйûסƣȻֱһǹ࡭
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µķ̶ȣʹҶȻãأԷ裬ʧȥ֧ܵУֻʣ»Ŀѡ
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絭
δ꣬

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ΪҴҪдС£Ըý̵Ҽдλϰ߿ģǸ⡣1


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ʱһսʤɾͦפ᪹ضϷ
³Ϊ£͸ɳֳֻǹļȹ֮׹ˮڹʯ߰ߵǽǡ
ǽȻһɫӰҮɱȫɫף̧߽ҾɛҾŻԴʤ
ٻɳգĮƲһ˿Цݡ
ҮɱֹĲӰغүɱʦ˧սǴһسٲ˺үǧصĽ͡
תɫף΢Į֮صͽˡҮɱֿС
ʰ£ɫսӳĿݻƳԫͻ̡Ӫ⣬һᰴ磬һ񣺡μү
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ĿӴˣ䵭񡣽ҳսʱԿаִţ
غүһδʣڼ̽ӼΣʽޣһаá
ָ꣬ÿһ￴˿ѵ˰֣ѧ˲١߿ͻվ˫־Զɽƺڵȴʲô
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ڴһ󶣶죬һŲŮ֮ħͷҪҵʲôʱоҲң㲻Ļô
תߵЦ޳ӰǵӰӲһǣֶĮôļʲôԽǿ˹Խǰֲס֮ͬ飿ϧǣΪҪһϲѶ֪ͨľ֮ӦΪЯС
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ЦƸܿ绨סؿ΢΢˹ĳʩ񣺡ҵĺ÷ˣͺŷһ·սǣһҲԷֿ
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ЩѯʣүΪ˴£
һЦҮɱڿ˧Ծӣлʨ̤ƽʦԴǿ̫֮ԡ죬ʦʹʧ󽫲ɾҮһ᳤ֱʦ£һϴǰž֮ܡѶҪҽʨžȨβúðŸᣬԳ˳µ뿪˵أ

򰲿ɻĿ⣬ˣҶӦĻʼղ챵µĽ֣²ⲻȥǱҲ¶ˣҮһڶԷҶԣûһʧ
΢亹ү˷Ү󣬳ֻܸںүһгͷᡭ
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ɫ谵ѪɳããɳƵϡ
ҶϿȵףɽͳŵվĸʱոѩӰʿӿİ˻ѵϿ
ѩӰӪȻȻһ壬ʱβ˻Եء
սһĿȻҶѻ˴ȥ֮ӦɳԹѪΪѩӰӪ죬һսƽսءɷʼΪξûĿǰκ˧һ·ʦ뵹յĹų³ǣʹһٹǳء
˴³ʮһʱож᯼֮ʱʱøոպá
ǰ꣬׹ˮ̰³νĪݵ·ʦɺӷָʹѩӻնϸü޿ˣƸһս
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ҶĿɫѵȻ˵սΪؼʤܡһٺֳŵ䣬־ʥնɱҮߴ͹գʹһƷٽסλ֮ʿ֪ô׸ԡ
һӰ䣬ڽƽƻһӰʱѵ
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ѣبɽ塣ʱ𣬻һͶԶԶ߸ߵ͵Ͷȼ˻ԡ
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سǾʿɱҮɱףмҺʨԺϣסŲҪ˻յò岻ף𾪡
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ҮɱһӽԾǳšǽվȣʣʲô?ٱ
˧Ժʱһʿһֽ֮࣬ЯԽţվڳǽĴͶѣ˱ȫɱ
ҪôҮɱһһʿ
һСУϳ¥̵һҮǰ˧Ż𣡡
Үɱɫһ䣬δָһʿٸ棺Ż𣡡
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ǼܽϵĻϮǴ󿪳ӭһҮɱİٱܿжϣ˭ǣӭУ
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ѹ׹ϣ졣Խеý͸϶żźˮ˻Үɱһ֣Ȼ㣬Я֣ͣ
ھסŻѹſǰ·
ڰ֮У£˽ͷɽʿ亮ɭɭǳΰڿ͸ףüĿԹ޾춯ء
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ҮɽҶֳȱĮ˵ţ̧Ĩȥߡ
㡣ҮɱȥѪˮ֧ڵ˵ɺڲ֪һֱȻڰвһС
ҶĮɫ԰ѩȱ컬䣬庮ὣңָҮɣΪ˽һս͵㹻áߣĽ챣
ҮɱѪں֮ԱҶһЦ㹩ɛȥһȫʬ
㡭Үɱ˻һץ󵶺ϡҶβȱһƿնǿҽ
Үɱһ䳰һͬһУҲջȥ䣬¾״ֻñ
Ҷ֮ϣҹɫۣӰȻһĮĵܡ
ĻƣŭİȺҺš
ȻſŵԡѪɱƥն˫ȷ˻ҫʿزѪ߱׹ˮҹ߹Ҷ֦׷׵㡣
տԭҰޱ޼ʡƣΨһꡣ
ܶ˶ˣӦʬ֪䣬˫ɲ֪١ƺһЦҪĿõĳһĳ
ԭǵ㡣Ҷرܲ_ӣŵؿɣԭִرܵĶ˫ɡ
¡꣬¶ʮһﺥʱϸҶֱ³ǣָѩӰӪսɹ֧֮ʦһҹ֮ƾƴתѩӰӪһջʧԴϸʢַ ɧꡣ
սУ֮Ӧ䲻ɸɛƽȨӰ׮永Ϊǲ෹̸۵ĺġ
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130 黹

ӸֺۡΡ룬ռضʮ꣬̾ڹųǶ͸ɸǽԶԶȥԼɼɸһǣβ䣬ͬ֡
ϸȴŶԿһֱʯֵҶ߻ʱǰѮƻ֮ʣĴĺɫʣ
һݳ⣬롣ʿ缲ۣγϣǰ˵·
սַһʹ˸ϻݣҹӿԸɨͥԺλԴֱգе̡ĥѶɢȥǺת˸Ȧֻصԭ㡣
һЩ뿪ˡ
סĳЯԶԶ°ݣӭӻظ
Ҷ̤ϵһʯשףŲ˻뵽ҲܶǰһҲ͸ҹɫŵ߹֡
Ƶƣ˫䣬վڵɴҹĻĮʿաӼȡҪÿ˼ҽֵƣɫδǰ𲻵Ϩ𡣡 
Ҷһеĸ߹֣ǰһο˿ڣˮȺ˻׷ۣ
ӣݴδ
ݾͱ˲ҹǡһӰ಻סع⣬ѵΪףսʤ
ҶտɨȺеƽϢ΢һһ˵磬ӻʱ㿴üÿһֵ

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峿ǧյƻϨӸۡͳһģԭݿ䡣ƣһ֮󣬾ʮգϸҶʢ䡣

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ҩϵĻ͸ҲصݣӸܹܡԭսҹת˫ɵĻ˫Ϣʧ٣Щˮ棬ֻʼδģǹӵģû˫κѶϢ£´˱鲼ԭʾ
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Я˫Ͻ;е͡

˫ɽؿԲ΢΢ȫϢҶСĽϺĴϣϸӣ˫ɣһѣ˫ɣһѡ
ݲ԰Ѫһͨ͸ֻº͵ɫȥָ⡣
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޾ŵԶƮѬ㡣߾ŵ߹ȡشӰһҶ˫ϣ˫ᶶݷʴ֮ʹ

գ̼Է裬Ӹ֡
Ͼ޳ۣĬĬڽֽǡԶԶӸţؿһС
ҶҴҴԾֱĿСı˫ɣʢƲ
Ϊڻеһϡ
ʹûгףҶ˫ɶ෽濼ǣϾ迴ĵ΢΢̾Ϣһʱҹȥ˳ýɱءǰƻתԸ˼䣬ʢһ뿪

˻˦ɻβһֱǰһʿβ档תǴʯǽשðһԴһЦҽͯҼҹӵǺþˡ
첽ϣʱͯڰֱЦŻӴСӣҼҹ˵ˣˣ׷ҹĽų̣ǾϢ
Կæֹ̧ʿ΢ЦϲСͯˣôɰҿ᲻֡΢Цů紺û˿
ͯһֺǺ˵ѹֹӹ˵⹫ƷͻһΪһС
΢Ц½ͯһۣô˸ţҺܺ¡Ǿ⹫һ˹ҴȥҼҹӡ

һƷ¥ľνͨǸŵĳͯ¥ϾϾͼ˶ʹ˻Ум
ϾһϮɫ忡һ̶ˮԶīɫŨû⿴ȥŲ겻Ͼ边˹ʤ֮Ρ
⹫ӡϾ輫̧֣Ŀһݷӻѹ¶µ飬ҸͬϾ賤˵ϼ뿪֮ǰ빫Ӳ˼ϾȻȻҲа취ȥ
ʱƣ΢Ц񣺡롣
˷ֿʩ뵲Ͼˮüһ֮ɫ͸ɼ밧
˫֪Ҫиң¶ؾ濴ʹ粽УûȥɡһغҵڼԸξ߽ʱͻȻҶӵİġһ̣Ͼƽڡ
⶯ݡԭϾ˫ɣʹ;ĺ޶޷Ϣ
οģļΪ𾪡Ͼ˵ϼʹûǩ˫ɵ֣Ҳܲµǹڵȥ뾡ְ취ʹ˫һֱûáȻ˫޷ѣҾͲٷ֮⣬صؽ黹ϣӡģȥ˵֮Ҳţر˸õ
һеףΣ湫Ӹл㡣
Ͼվ˵Ǹл¾ɾ
⣬߳¥Ըʿÿ·ʩ񣺡룬Ϲӡ
Ͼ軺¥Ʈ½󣬴һһٵ˫ɵҲˣֻͼ´μ˹ӣǵˡ
ͿͦɵıӰꡣϾѾ뿪ݳţŴ˻صӸϾ軰ʱַ֣Ӿܣ΢ϣŭްݷ

ʮգݡȼŲ棬裬ʤȺڲʱʰãϲֱüҡ
Ӹۡڣʢ֮ƴﵽ˿ǰ
ū;ഩԺŲҴҼȽСַӵľ棬޾Եüž
ҺɫĿɴᣣɾĳᣬûմȾһ˿ϲڡ
ĴϾӡ
˫ϼɫ԰ףü޾Σ綴ͥﲨһ䡣
һüͷ価лԡ㴽ʢ纷桭͸һߵ͵͵غһϸϸظ˫װ磬ͣ˫ɣǰٻиϰףŮʱľҪŮ纷£ףŮˡǣô˺ۣؿڻƸôҲɾĨһ۽ǣܣ޷Ϊ˫ʲô;ܣ˫ɴƯƯġ
¶Ϧվһԣ˻ҧ˵ޣǴϲӡױÿûѹϻôЩˡ
͸һۣ¶̫ˣ˫ɲǷӣһֱڳʹҲ̣ûЦɡñλԭ˫֪ᱻžʹ޷ǣûһҿԾ˸ֿ࣬ȴû취ͣ
¶Ϧǣ飺ǡһһԶӾһӣ
͸۽ǳˢһС˹ӵľģЩѵôģÿ첻Բȣŷ˵ʱȥشӣüһδǸ˶ľͷ̡
ÿ͸񿴵һֹĲӰίʵʹԣô۰

ӸȾλߣ׷ͯգ壬µɡ
ĿΪ̫Ӹƣ̫ͬϳһӸۡμӻ䣬ŷָ벻ס̾Ϣ
»һЩβҵˡ⡢ͥˮˮܷ򡡢³㡢۹һɫݣ˿޻ϲ̬֮ŵضŴš
Ӱ©ҡγɫʣʱѵ
˸⣬´±һӰȹλϯ
ţܹܡ̫ʱѵôӰ
͸ҧҧʱı⣬λ
ɺ̺硻꣬졣һ˵˳Ż·ߣ߳źֻݴк񣬽ڽڱա
ͣפʳ˳ȥ͸λ̫һλһ󣬳ͻȻ糱
̫ϸ׽˼䣺ӽղǴվڳ¥ʲô
ӻﱧŵ˭
̫عͷࣺܹܣ⵽ô£
͸תۿ⣬ãջΪ֤Ϊ֤Ը롣

ͷܶһƬѻָĺ˷˺﷭˻
Ҷվݹųǳͷ³ˮȺվ˸ߣƺϵİһǰƲüż۵ףյ˿׺ΣĴ忡ӡ
˫ɺڷ䣬˫գĻСôãԾ红ͯ˯ɫѩһ˿ʹࡣ
ȥ˷ڣϼȻʺ˿ĵԾ𣬶ʣʢϡֻûͷ飬һϮ·ŹԣˣԿˡ
ؽŲ漴һŵɤڻԣִлȻ񷨲ϣʱֵǰʵаʵ˼
ҶȻ泯˺û
̫ҾɣҶһ˹̫롣ԾɱֱĮ˵뱨ʱš
̫ϧһֹ̾Ҷտһۣϲ֮գҲ׼κ˴ùͷ
̫̾ϢӶרУΪκ飬дӦǲ١̾Ϣһֹʣӿǿˣ
Ҷδ̫Ｐֻ˵١
Ų¥϶ڣһȣྲϣȻ
ͣͬ飬̸ǹ˳漣ڰ
Ҷٷٴλ̫롣
Ŀſ¥ͷ
̫Ỻۣ˫ֳ¡£ϸҶ飬Ů˫Ϊ޶˰úϡͬġ
ţ̫ҶͻȻΪš
̫Դǳƣ΢΢̾εߪŮ˫Ϊʩܹ񡭡һأ
Ҷ˫ɣ˫ϥأɢѣӳʡͷһݣް˿ͣ͡
ݸã
ҶԾһ˫ɼ£绨ٿնڣ泯һݣطӡ
˾̫Ȼ㵡
Ҷ̧ݣ˪üĿѩͻīˮ΢ˮΣ˫ɣǵȰҲýҪˣϧڲĿģԭ䣬ñͨ͸֪Ϊĵ
̧˫ǰӣ԰ݣ˫ɣһж㣬Ϊʲô۾
Ʈһİ߰¹
ã̫¥Ƴһ̾޶԰ݣ
ʮգʱ
顱һԼݹųĴɢ̻ӿ̺쿪ٺĻҫʣʢ֮£Ļ޵η϶
Ҷʹ˫Ŀϣÿ˫ɣǰĽ죬һνӪٷ˵ѵĽ죬һһʢĻ񡣡
ģʲͣ
ҳϵķֽߡ
ʱˮţҶ£Ӹֿʼһոһյصȴ
ڼ俪ʲô֪ľ˼òġһ˫Ψֲζ˫ϣĿתз븮󣬴˫½ϣŬѰϢۼ
˵ƭԼ

ֱһˣҩǰ
ԯ뿪һ£żȻϸӭȢе뵽Ƿ˫һŵɵôӾϻء
ҩǰۿ䣬׷һ˫ϤġַʱƴһƬ¡
Ҷ˺þòŲһϢ΢΢飬Įǰкμ̣
ҩ˫Ȫƽ˵ӵ򶨣׷ⲡ죬ҲҽΡ
ҶתȥȻ˵صߣһѹ
ҩֱӰ´Ʈݣ洫ţ෵ɷ
롣
ҩס˫󣬾ĬƬ̣üĿչӣ˵ûƭ㡣
Ҷ˫ʢ⣬ľЦƣɢ˻
ǰԯڰмˣʱһͷ˿ɿݡټˣ˿ɫлغƣӡ֤˺Ѫʩ֮ضǣ仯ĵ
Ҷţƽֻ֮Ƭɢȥ
ҩ֪ͣȫܣǲǶ첻ԶļǰֻתڷѪУһܺͬţۻϣջᱻԺϢԼǿѹȥ˿ˡ
ҶϲЦϸ˫ݣҪл˺̧ͷ绺߻תûǵɫӰ

ֹ˺ܾã˫׹ξ˯Ϣ
ٴν̽ۿžĬ˺޶Ҷ˻֮̿С
ϸԡι廨¶࣬ǿעĲӰΨ©һ˿΢ķ
ʲôǼٵģֻץס̤ʵҶ֧ͷ˫ϣ˵СʱҾﶼҪȥԲκζġʮҵõϹʴʼԽȤҳµһͣһбȻζʱ㡭˫ɣעҪ㲻Ը»Ȫ㡭ɬ˵ãǿŲס˯ȥ
ϡ粻ˣ᣼ӰӡҶɫ԰ѩüĿδչ滺ݵԵʹƽ֪˯ã͸һ˿⣬ѩָһ϶𣬷ƾէ˴Ҷ𣿡
ľ꣩
ףпĵĶҸ
ף˫ɺҶҸ
ף޷Ҹ


1.ǧѩ

ҵļھ棬ξ࣬լԾŻɽÿƿӭɽ磬Ҷ¶㣬Ȼīɫһߡ
ʱס෿֮Уɽǧﲻİѩ
ɽ缹ѩ񷡣ƮϮѩĮһĨӨ͸Ŀ
Į룬ʱ˻ŵ꽭ϡ
СͯǣҰɳÿϣҪ͵͵ȥɽˣһ죬˸߲ҵرĻﱧһë׵Ķڰɫ̬䡣
ʲôϸֻСްΣδҪ졣
СͯҡҡͷҲ֪үϲ̵زסƤë˳ֺ֣̬͸㿴ǲǺƯ
ҿֱģȻʧЦǺƯǼСͯպá
˹Ǿļ˾ǣƽؼʶ㣬ͨѲ棬ϸϸۺƶ˵ݣսõޣģ
ɽСͯش
׵ͷֳߡͻ䣬޷˪Ⱦµĺۼ֪ľü۳չտ͵ӣŲĽǾ֮
ףΪ𣿡׷ǰʵ
׿ң۴˪ʳ֮»Ҿ֮£ϳѲ˲͵ˡ˶٣̧׿ΡȺɽ˵һΪǰ󱼲ʮأƫƫģ
һ˸֮⡣¶ϣҹɽֲ£ֻһڹеܱȫһѪ
ҲˣҵЩʲô
׿ҵļ̾δȰ裬ֻ˵裬֪㲻ƽӹüҹûǰƴһҲգξȥԣŷ׵ƶϡ
΢΢ЦҲǲŸ׵Ļ˥΢Ӿ̶ˣҲֻǾңͬĸҲĿһ֣뾡ȣǸͿء
ν̸Һ͸׵𣬸ͳɼвţҼ길׺Т꣬вٱѵ
ҹ˪庮ɫߡִһյһң׼µƱһ޿
Ϲʺĳӣкʱҹɫ΢΢һλĳٵʿ
ʣХ
ҹǣˡ
һλӾĬڳӼǰͦΣȻ֮͸ҿһſ覵
⴦ۡܲСʮ׮֮ϢεĽң书֮ǿҰԾѡ
Ҳ˼Ŷ룬ѿһˡһԣԾɼž˯
ƸղǵֻһӰ
һܣһʣҸҿ϶ⲻǻþΪûһĮȻɵĮͬǧﲻİѩ
֮Ҳ֪˾ֽңԭΪҳ֡
òʶأܹκ˳뾣棬ЩģֻǺϸҶԳûг֣ȴ˵ȡ˳ӣԭΪն
׷
ԭλǵŮˡĻոմ棬ͲҵȰ裬ִҪȥƺջ
ҰٰǸı䲻˽֡ҴûڣΪ÷ǰҵһμ˳һ
һͬݴԼԾ¹ݣŲҶе庮ǰסҵİΣϧаɽׯĿΪУΪһμİˡ
ʱȣϸϸ˼
֮ϣһƮƮӰ
ҶĽݺأĮǿһ紫šһƴӳվ÷ﱻ˼Σ˵ұĿ
üĿĮʹžʹ޳üһ΢΢
Ǵ͵ģҼзʵ꣬ͷһֵ̿غŵĮĿġ
һһΪʲôҪһֱڿ׷⣬һ޷شֻԶ
ҶĮĵܣעһУӰҲεؿҺͳһ
Ҳ֪ͳһĴ档
Сͯ˵ܵУϳһ£һòͨȥս˱аܹƶթٳɹصƽ
Ϊλ¸ңҲΪ̣ʲôƶ޴ӵ֪󶾷ʱʹ࣬ȻӲˣ
𺳣Ҷݺƽ䣬ҾļҴɱ¾ʱһˣľ㣬ƽȻվǰ
һֱһûκοѡ
ٺڣһұں޵ζһҪұ۾ҲǴӦ
һɵתҵΧʹۣҲܸоֻƵĲʹ࣬ѹֶ룬ˡ
ΪʲôҲϵֻ֣ôԺͲʹˣ
ʹִֵ֮ҲӦһľ֮С
ԭ׽̵ľƷУڸ鷽Ҳȱ
ѳɶƣעһûĸû䣬Ұ
ʱ񷣬ĬȻע겻ĮСͯʲôһش˵һֱһΪʲôܺĿĶҺãΪҳ忴ǶŮ˽顣ҿңǺҸżľ롣⼸جһֱиҷܣֵ÷桭
Сͯؿң΢΢һЦСͯҾˣ˼ǣ綯ȥԭҳһһĶ顣ЩڴϣһǸǾ޶һҪ֮ǸɣһҪݣպͿػر
ÿҹѣϸϸζ˫峺׵۾ǵΡΡӰ
Ҹʱ٣¥֮ΧҺСס˫ͬһʱ䡣
Ѿ֪һһУСһ˫ɡûоܾ
СߣʦĲ޶֣аɱ˵Ķÿհȥɱϻ档
ҷһܣ˫ɶﶼܵĮûû࿴緹˴ֲڲС׳ſЦң˫ȴ΢Цɫ糣سꣻﹺСԼİ£Цеؾܾϴ˫ȴκ黻ϳȹòǰһ
˫ÿӰɡС״ȥû˫ɵա
΢Цţ۲ѡС˵ʵĵ׵ĿΣҲܿڡ˫С׿ڷ磬ȻػҡϾϴԽ֣Ҵ˿ɳ֮
Գ֣ԶǣԶָС׵ĺ֣ԼҵС
һ죬С׻Ƶػˣ첻ˡ˫ɷ㣬ӭȥСףôˣ
ĸֶɱң˼ˡ
˫ЦʣС׺ϲ壿
С׵ͷڼ޵ʱүүҶ¹أҪҾعʷ¡
˫̧ۿңϾСգ
˺ܿս֣˫ɺһԿСסһµüãһֱɱϣ֮ʤСףСײͷ΢âϣޱ棺˫ɣС˫Ժӡѧģʽǹвмأүү̵ʱҲֻġš
˫΢ЦǰС۾ʽٶǰİôܼ
˫ת߽䣬˻һ˺޵Ĺ飺Ȿ
С׺Ҵȥܺ棺ô飿С׸뷨أ䵱׼ֵǰ
˫ɿװΣ̧ͷһЦƳԭô֪
ÿСʱ˫ɻᰲ¿飬ֱڣҲڿʲô
ԭҲϲգѵ͵ģܿ죬˫ɾͽҵɻ󣺡弼ӣģ¡ʱ£ԷвþˣҲ͵ѧһаʽ
ɷ羰Ҷ裬ʢҿ˫ɾּ䣬ɫƽ
Ұξǰ˻ں޵ľֻؾ棬ȫӵ
ɽˮˮ죬ŵľһ˫ɵʹ
;Уջһյµǰֱ
˫һس˯ϸעա˵ؽӽ޾룬巢һʵȻʱ򿴵þˣֻƵԶ죬ϲŭ
ǵĪƾβ׺ɣ컨ⶹ⻪Һȫϵ׵ĻɴͣΪһ̵İҵȴ˺ܾã˺ܾá
ϧ벻ᣬʹ˾ֱԶ
ҶʾȻ
ϸһ͢ţߪʮ˾л䣬ȻӭȢ궨µ۹
֪˭˫ƽ˯ݣʹ֡
Ϊ̹ȻΪԼǣΪҶ
壬ȡᡣ飬Ҳٺڣֻ˫ɴһֻ壬ʣΪ˫ɶΣȫиҡ
˫Ȼڳ˯վֵǰѡ
ǰߣǾ棬ԶԲתͷξ˫ɻᱻͻҶ
綶Ҷֱ죬ܸʲô
仰Լ䣬Ĳᣬ֪ôˡ
ԭʢһ漣
Ҷӻ죬˯µתѡ
Ϣʱվˮϡˮţ޹Сˮһգŷݣһ۵Ŀľ
ҲڡΪ촹˫ƽ
ÿÿ뵽漣֮̾࣬档
Ԫݻ죬Ө֮ɫӳĻҹ
СͯҵĻݸӸΪ
Ҷҵ˼
ʱվһƷӶ¥Žн˫ɡʹոԲ԰ףǴ󲡳ܸȾ纮һ¥£λסӡ
ǰֵΩô
˫һյƣؿϷһ̣ȻЦ
Ľֵͻһ󲨶ڶοֻͬˣóмĵ·
֪˭ķӦ
Ҷ첽Ⱥ߳˵òɫһڴ˼䣬עĿ
ȴ磬˫ɣҲкܴĸı䡣
Ҷͬһ㣬ﲻһۿ˫ɡ˹ȥ֡˫ɻع񣬿Ȼƣŵ뿪
ҹգǱյȫ˹⻪
һһ׵ӰУʹôԶǵıӰɽ޷롣
ϰ׶ӳƶϼΪһϴǦ
ת뿪ݣ̽ɽ󴨡


2.ܣϣ

ʷ̳ණÿȻףŷԭʼʵĸ顣
һǰ
ʱڣͷβϰ߱ȱȽǡʳ칬ǰƽı̨ԡ
裬̽кˮ̨̾ͣŵȴ°ͷɡ
Χ̨ɢǳȺڳͤУۻңĦ˽ȡ״Ԫѡ
ŵ䲼;ͤ࣬гΡͷ˿˵Ӣ˽ĶڶףҵĹӣ˳ơ񡯵ĸ
ĸվһó£ԹͤüԶӣīΣݣȺмΪۡ
÷Ӣǰһ¶ȫһϮ£мֿ֮ˡ
ĸʱתͷ͸ʣ泯΢΢һЦ
÷Ӣ΢ƣ鿴ܶ
䲼ֻֿ̧÷ӢЦ鹫ӹҲΧǰס˶顣ұȫֻĶ֡ҪСġ
ҿ֣ȷ¡
ĶԾУ÷Ӣŷ̫ˡ
ĸǳЦʼձŵķȣıӰһҲš
ãʹһ͵˵ǧѩ˿ܶɣնϣơ
ѩ¹Ŀǡ֦βסӵɷˡ
й涨ùֻɳֻǻΪʤĸӰȵֻ÷Ӣһλǰء
÷Ӣڷܷ裬رܰУһꡱϮʱ˽ѵľٻرؿڣñӾͻᱻɨ䡣˼ñŮݣǰ͵ܵ衣
÷ӢһЦͻȻճǰѨƴбĸˣһ䣬ӰȥƲһһӰνַֿ裬̨ΧȺӼδս̨ѷֳ¡
÷Ӣ򱡴ɫȻں㷢Ʒ˿Ʈգڲסĺͫĺñءй˾ѣԭ÷๫ǸĴﰡ
ĸʢڷУ縡׹̨̨棬ֹһЦˣ÷
Ҷ½һѪ۶ѣȻա
ӢȺһǵĺ
ĸЦδˣת̨£ӳīͫʣͬͿϣͳ˿
÷Ӣʱƣ˫ֳĸ΢΢ϹʾϷУץ˫΢ΣһƬƵƮǽ
˵һ̨С˾ѹʤһ鹫ʤ
˲ʱʳ񻨱֣г̨ϳһ¿״Ԫ
ĸ磬ʶĿڸ̨ںӻŲĿһŸɾº͵϶ס
䲼ͣ÷Ӣûʲôõˡ
ڶ죬еĲ¥ķһţ÷ҴС˽ϲĸӣд飬ȡ˽״Ԫڡ
Ѹϯԭأƣûɫ
䲼ͺ÷Ӣڿջʱš
÷Ӣ䵭䲼ЩǸȻӢС˫ףʱδ䲼ͳףҪޣȷ̫ԣһ衭
¡÷Ӣ裬ͷҲ̧˵СҪҷ̭֣Σϵȥ״Ԫͷ
䲼ͽ˫䣬һλͤɽɫʿ˻˵ŮӼΪҪӢ˵ػӹǡ
÷Ӣ̧ͷƽվںڳƣȢң
á䲼΢΢һЦ͹⻪Ƕ٣Ӧе
÷ӢһӣЦһ˰ɣ䲼ͣȲ˵Сҵ֣⿶ģҿ˾;
䲼ֻЦ˵
÷ӢֿһЦݣĸ޷ǳǿ֮ʣڸͼֻҪҲӦӳˣҥȻƽϢȥ
ĸˣ÷Ӣˡ
У÷СʧȥӰδ԰һκαʾ󣬱ĸ״ϣʾ°ؽĸ÷̫ߵףʾԸӭȢ÷Ӣȹ
÷ʱʮ÷̫򣬶ƾܾ£ýʿ۷׷ס
º÷ŵƽʣ̫ʮ硣÷ӢһŻ߽ϰߣȹ̫ͷʰ
һ÷λǱҵĹӣΪӭȢţ÷ѾȺ졣
̫δ䣬÷Ӣͼ̧ףѩôҲƲ˾֡
ײһīƮ̵֮֡
ĸӾֶ߳泯÷Ӣ΢΢һЦ
ֻһ˲䣬÷Ӣӹƣ˫һӿ۽ĸǳЦܣ˫ֲδջأīա
ס֣һ÷÷̫һȣȵһûͷﻹ𣿡
÷Ӣͷ˿棬һöĿӡӲסƣߵ̫ǰָɢֲĵץĸһǡ
̫һҧĸæЦ˵²£̫Ҫǧ
÷ӢڵأϢ
ϻ֮ǰŴСÿе֪顪
ĸ÷ףƸһ÷̫͹ݡ
׷ͯյ÷̫˿˵ſĴǵ΢̾ϸĸκվĳ˵ҲգҲգҾͰһ÷и㣬ǿҪ˳ƢӣҲѡպǵͷ֮񣬺úϧϱ
ĸ˹һЦԵ޿㡣ߵף˵л̫ȫͻð׵͵̫񶨼¼Ӣ
÷̫Է˵⺢֪ºҰʮ٣ỽһҳףǧ©ֻҪ¾׼ˡ
÷ҵտν˫ϲţ÷̫Զ÷Ӣϴ磬߻ǰִ֣ȴٳٲԸ
ĸ΢ЦӦͣõ̫ĿӺȻ÷ӢС
÷Ӣ纷ڣϡ貹ϼĵޣһһˣһ⾳ԶĻ
ĸߵǰ׸ӵĮüۣ̾ӢӢ֪вʣԸȼ޸ңǰ㣬һֱ׷ܣȴӲͷһۡұֻó²ߡˣ
÷Ӣ֣˵һԸ״Ԫصⲻٰɣ
ĸ۾Ӣѵҵô˵ֻҪΪģҶ޲ǰֻһۡ
÷Ӣ³۽ޣĬ
㵽ҪſϻΣ
÷ӢĮ
ĸ˿ܵΣͻȻһü۵ף̵һǰһߵϡס̫ˣýⳡ¡ߵ㣬÷ӢֻȫңӦҵӡ
÷Ӣ̧ǰֱʹɫڣ˿ǻҲѪǳָۡ
ĸֱֱ۵ףӦҧߵݡ÷Ӣһذ󣬸סգȻܷ񡣽ռˣұ˷ȥǡ
ĸһЦסϥǰϼȹ䣺ӢΪһ䣬Ѿ˺ܾá
껨Ϫϣȣ̹һ羰֮ء
ĸǣ÷Ӣ֣߽¥
һָֻǰָ㣺ǰ÷֡ȵ£÷Ƹ磬԰Ӿ˼ɾعͷЦÿ
÷Ӣܣʵʲôط
ĸü۵׾Ц⣬Խػסڶ˵ӢΪӭȢ޽լӡԺǾסһԲµɾ¡
÷ӢԺϣĿӼ԰ɫ󣬷һ̾á
İһҲǶӵԸ
ĸóɣһһ׫дĵãżҲָһŰݷߣֻƽ˾ס÷ӢúõغһȻ󣬵˳͢Ĳ¸ϻؼУ÷Ӣһ⣬˸Ů֪١
ƹ죬һصıĸ䲼͡÷Ӣһſ޷ֺж׷ױУ𽥱ɵòӰ
ЩǺˡ
ʱۣ껪ˮʮعȥѾһЩ˵ֺһЩ顣
ҹзһƬڵľˮСš޴ǧƱաӯ֣ϸӰתҹ졣
˫첽ϹӹţңԵˮ档ǵˮӳӡʣֻü˼
żʦӷ󣬴ʦѣһ¹⣬һӣԧ콣֮ףޱȵĹŽʴ
ʮǰʴɢԭ֪١
ʦҵʴأ˫׷ʡ
׷ԲԵʦ峺ʵӣҪʴʲôأ
˫ɹؿͷӣ书ΪԽʮأƾ¹ʵսʤ
ӷҡͷӣ϶Ūˣӳ¯δմȾ˿Ѫȣǰ֮
˫ɲסߵףΨһԸгˣʦȫ
ɣӡӷ̾п˵ִĺӣССݣοգ
˫ɷز
ңҲԵðɣҾ͸һţʴҶ껨Ϫϡֵܷÿ컯ˡ
ʦûƭҶռĬĬţ伮ϴδأôѰң޷̽Ҷլڡ
ѵ޷赽սʤ˫վϳ˼ʴֻշº˶Ӧأʮʱ͵úľ
ԶԶĻֵ̌ͷȥ
Ө׵յӳճ֣ͣ£տųһҹӽαի
ŨҵĹţ˷׷פΧۡ˫ԶԶȥϳһˣ֮Х
Сʱȹһİ¹ӡ
Х΢Цһһ˻񣬼ʹôԶĿΪ´ƺȺ
˫βȥȻĶˣĿ꣬ѡرܡ
Ⱥ֮һ۵Ӵ߹ϵյӭεЩ΢֮ϡüĿͦ㣬̡
˫д󶯣Ʋסϲ֮鳯ǰȥӷҶˣΪĽҶξǵĻ־
۱ӰȺԶȥ˫ͻʹˮѩ¹ӷ϶д塣
׷ýˣֻˡ
ʱӢʦӭһȺɫĹ񣬽Ÿ󡣽ֵϾһƵˣפ˳ˮӵ
£ݺ˿ò֡
ǿ˫ɣۼҶӽߣδ׷ϣֱһԶ
˫ɷ˷һϵĹ˾Ҷӣļ٣һ
˿ңԼԼ
ɫӰһͣפһôͣƬ̡ƵƮ˫վһȴ׷ϵһᵽɤӼ⡣
عͷҶӣعͷƴƿײȺһִֻҪعͷһۣҸ֮¾ת
ԩĻ׼䡣ĿʲôΪ˱һ˲ٴεĥʲôΪߵʮԩһ죡ѩԭƯȻĮԽڤǲ˶ٴΣǵײײ߹ġ
ֻгһ졣
Ҷӣ˫żһȺҡҡλΣ𽥱ûĵ˫ۣѾǵ忡ıӰڷ纳һᴹĬȻһ£վٲǰС
һˮʱ۵ףҧأѹ¡컹ǰȻ̣Ѿ̮ûһϵϣ
ΨһĻţһú
˫ɵͷͷɥ򳤽תǡ
ݶһƬպױ̻ҹ貣ֺɾлƷǰѩƮȻٿʹȥ
ֵ˫ɳӰӣʢУĨᣬž߹ֶ֡
˫ɷʱХǰɤعͷ
һӰˮȺţҹ紵ɢĺڷֻһŰĮ
ǰλһ΢Ц֮ͬҾ֡λȽȥȥȥЦףӿĹǳŹӲ¥ġ
Хٴʩ񣬸תƻɺӰżţֵתһĨ˻Σɲǲټ
βǣ
֮ХһֱѰ˫ɣ˵Ļǰ͹һö̵СӣϣʱȴǣѭѰˣƺȻһ١
ֻû뵽öӱ¼ãȥ;
󣬱ϯԭΪ֣÷ӢѳĸȻȵסХΪȱƷԭʿִ¶ơ˫ױϲɫص㣬ƴ¶ƣԪ궬

3.

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꽫Ӹۡӭػϲ͸зѷԸɨʱʻһʱ֮䣬硢֦׺ױͥԺ͸紺Ϣ
ϵյ߹ңȵӳͨ硣
鷿ӸͥҶ޾֮ңӣȫ̴ľܣиֵ伮ѬȾ㣬ů죬ůĲǿǵذ̾͵ĺë̺
Ҷ£ϥ飬ķ˿ɢڽ׸ŵ½󣬾忡ǡ˫ɷ࣬ɫ̺ббڼΣ¶һذ񼡷
µҶջĿ⣬ȴᳵ·ػ̺Уϸϸ˫ɵһٻ¶־ָ̬ϸ֬Ө£ʱһεʮյƾϣһصΡ
ҶתͷЩĲɡ
˫Ǿ뵡èһۣ˼ԡ۲֦յоϣֺ͸˿ûץסʲô
Ҷǣʣڿʲô˳ָޣڻС˷˿һĦ¡ҶǼãĴûȣ֮м

˫ɻع񣬶۽ޣشͬ۹סԾǻǰսңһΡҶ㿴ñȵоٿ𡣡
Ҷ§ס˫ɣңҾٴڡѺôɢ
˫ں鶯˶Ʋ˻ңĵ׳̾һ΢΢ӭӣ׽ߵ촽ȥ
Ҷб䣬һֻӵһֻƷֿ̺϶룬ظָ´ϸ崥У⻬񣬺䣬޹ǡɫϢҡ
˫ޣ㵹ָࡣ
Ҷƽӣ̺ϣ¶硢Բ塣һۣ±˫ؿϸܿ˱
˫ɽѩڷףҶŪĿС΢󣬳ָҶ䣬üߣ¶ޱȣ
ӳԵôҶؿڣհʵ
˫첻δֹԽԽֵָڴ
ҶЦһ̵ࣿͣ˵գ촽ǰɫģúӣȻһֻ
˫ͻȻҧһڡ
ҶЦ̧ĿĴ˫ɱһᣬͫĻԹɢãͷӢص΢
˯աݺ˱һ£ϱ̺ᱧ𣬴߽͵Ĵϡ
ϺϾӨӰ˷ɴҡ졣
Ҷ£ֱۻ§֫Ǻ죬Ҳ۾ů紺˯ҹż˶˫תҵرߡ
˫ɣ˫ɡһػƲ䣬³ѵңʱˮ庮
˫üأԳ˯ѡҶһһɭ䡣
˫ڱۣŲУ򢲢ͷ˯ȥ
ҶֱٴȦر۾

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һ㣬Ժǽ˳ĿѺب߽ǻңңδ֡
ݳޡ͵͵³֣վվֳߡ
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˫ɴȣս·
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¶һЦǼ壬ʲôɫԸ¶顣
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¶ӯӯһЦ뷨ΪǹĹɣǿɣһֻ͸ʾһһҲ롣
ô˫һͣعͷɫѩס
¶鿴˿˫ɣôˣ
˫ҡҡͷ΢ЦûʲôЩѹ
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͸תһۣʾ¶ɫȻ˫¶ݣҲ͸ͷ漴߳
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͸ȻʧЦǵڣ˫Ǹˣһڡ
¶ʧվһһ£ʵ⹫Ӹʲô
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˫ɽݣô
ⰵҧ̧˵ԳƭˣѵƷô
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˫ѣɫԺ׼Һҩ
Уҩа̱ãȡҶǯ
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Ҷճָ֣˼ӣһĨ̺죺ô͵Ȳˣǽǡ
˫͸ϼ죬鼱֮𱡴˵Ҷ§£Ȧ˫ϥϸϸǡΪãôҵлԲ
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ҶһȦָ˰ʯϲյԵԳδˣҤɱ͵ߣ
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Ҷ˫ɻعض˵ȥߡ
ҶǣЦƣղŻشʲôû
˫Щ˼˵ϲģֻȥߡ
ҶҧβشͲ׼š
ɢһֵ㣬ʱ͸֫ٺͨȾ
˫˻ᣬȻ˵ɵ˫ϲҶ

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ΧԺǽһ⣬²ʦĳ
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˫ɾ÷ֺ赭㣬죬
صһβɢȥ˫
ĵӹȻаĵá΢΢̾߻ظš
Ӣ⣬棬ɫӰ͸ױݳ࣬ǰһӸܹӭظ泯ʯǴҳ
˫߳ʱͿֽϵ֪Ӻʱһɺ̺׺꣬ԶԶֵţӢſڡ̺࣬ǽΣʹӡ
˫ߵ͸ǰӣ䷢ʣܹܣǸʲô
͸Ų˫ϥ˳˫ָ򵹣ϴڱ͸⣬ǲ˽ӻˡ
˫üͷ΢΢һ壺ˣÿγţԼ߻ȥģ
͸ߵףǱ͸ԣӢٽӸз㣬Ӧǰӭ
أ˫ɴ䣬Ӱ룬Ǻε
ɣȥ˵ǲ׼Ӣ𣿺αʦֵ·˽֪

Ű˫ŽʳһԡҶҲ࣬ν˿Ȼ
˫ϸʣһվ΢΢˲ӣáʹߡҶץ޳ָѾϽޱߵڣȴ˫һжƷ
׼ߣ㻹û̷šҶ˵˫ɻعͷ΢΢һЦЦ̣ոת۽ЩЦƣͻȻ䵭һӣͷҲصˡ
ҶɫĮ˵ˣˡ
˫ɴ쳤ȣֱ鷿ڹŰǰж伮ġڹ;ֻҹ鴹ɴգûһ
д㣬Ҷ۰Ȼ룬խ䣬΢ֺḧ˫ɷŷ˿⼫á

    ˫ŲԲӦ䡣
ָᴩ͸ڷһƷ㣺ֻҪݣȥҶ㣬ǲȥӢ󡣡
Ϊӣ˫ɽӿڵ
Ҷ̧ͷ޳īüһ䵭·˪һϲ֮ˣߵýˣʡ
˫ɷᣬ˳ֻƣקšҶ⣬ִ˳һָһ޼ܡ
Ҷ࣬Ӧӡ󡣡
Ҷӵ䴽㷢һ
ӵĵаĵҺϲ˫ɱҶ˫ֽۣ᣺Զ೤
Ҷ§ҧҧ°գ䵭סҲᣬҪӣҾС
˫ѣ۾ãҶһҪҡ



 

   


ͥϪˮ£ˮ庮֮ɫ÷֦֬Ϊ֮ʧ
˫ű͸װȹͤпͥ黨ȹ̿϶潭ˮѩë׺խ½ڣ˿ѹߣڷ΢̽ͷβӳգĵ㡢÷Ÿ߽ࡣ
ϳϴԺͳӲֲ٣ϻɢС
˫۲Խ÷֦ǣ՝ԡŵãˮëףȫ
ʹٻѣʹصѣҲ޷ڲĵ׵İ߲ۼԩ֣˲̬Ļѩԭڸаûһصʹӿͷ
˫ۣһ۾
ﷱ価һ
ҶѣתͤзԵӰˢ᳤޺δ֪֮һ۳˯ݣʹǱաüҡδĽ߳סظ㷢˵˯ʹطй
԰ܰҶ˻ᣬ˫ɼιǣƷ䴦ᱧ˫أԳ˯Ϣƽȣǳµ㡣ŴҶڴϣ򴽺ѣࡶ˼תĵⷿڶ
Ƿѣɢ봺԰

˫תѣŮڷ⣬ֲҿϺºʵ̷ŵĹ𣿡
˹˳ͷһŮ˵صؽǴӡͥիߪΪ˴ʳ
ͥիݵһʳ¥ÿֻϯի˫Ҷÿʳ˯ǹҲŵѾͷĵ׶ʱйů⸡֫ٺÿ缡ܵȡ
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˷л˫ɼæǣʵ
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һֱ÷Էô˫Щ죬ͨҶ¸飬ΨһνӼݸ÷֡
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÷󣬰ﾺţҶ˽ΣһϮƵϳۣһվ÷֦ࡣ̨ͤӣ֦磬һͤһ÷ӳģĬӰԵɰ㿡š
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ľɫ÷֦Ħ½󣬰ɫܾƵ䣬֦ƮȾɫӰƷ˿ڣҶͷ˫޽ǣ۽ӵңΪʲôģ
Ĵǲɢ䣬ϸϸա䡣ӯ͸ů͵ϢӶ˫ɰ£һ使÷ҵ˼δ˲䣺һֱǰսңָֽеΪ
ھΣѾˡҶ§ס͸һ˿϶úң׼ٺ˼롣
˫ת§סĲ˵ģЩҾͺˡ࣬˵Ҳֿ
˶ĥһ̣˫ɫȦΧסҶӣҶݸ౨
Ҷһĺ촽
˫ɿΪȻӣ˵¶ӵλΪ˺㿹ɣ
⣬е¡Ҷ䵭˵׷Ƭ촽֮һ򲻸ȤҲûܴѹġ
˫սգֵ͵͵˵Ǿͺáһᣬſ˵Ҷ֪˽ӣи㡭ܲ˳䣿
Ҷ͵һֱۣ֮󣬷·Ҫն˫ۿ峺ӣһģЦ˵á

δѩݴȻֽ֣ջɫʡ˫ɴһƷ򵥽֡
ȹϵձԾ㣬ţ±Ӱ庮˪һһšĺĶķſڣվŲ
С˿˫ɵΣĿ¶죬롣
ķΪů塣ڶ೤۶̰ӰΧ۳ʱ糱˫վ˺󣬾ׯлʻһǡ
һñС̧ͷԽȺľԵ˫ɡݣü㡣
ߡ
ɨ˫࣬ô֪
˫ݴ䣬߳ŮȻˣƽ˵¥һϢһɵҡӮҾ֪ˡ
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˫ºһЦһֱиԸٺͰǶһ֪ǵ˼ô
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ֻѣûǿ㡣˫ЦЦӿȻ䶢סǳЦݰΣʣΪʲôҪģ
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ĺƣɫ£̧ͷ˵ãҾͲÿ㡣

ӸڣҶϸϸŰҹر
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