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κʮ꣬дԽԭ³ƽЩӣ֮۶Ȼһɷʤڲ󣬹ΰ·洦ɼ໱·ԡʹڡ̼֡īͼƼڴˡ

ǳȴѼᱡѵĪȥˡƳϣڸԺﴫһƬ˿Ц֮мּŲö־ƣַǷ⹴УԷɣҵĴǸ죬񷻷ʮܽӡȡ ¶֮⣬С¥ˡ춹ݡݵλ¹ӿӭ֮ա

ܽӺֶΣԵ̳˲òһʫʸͨһ涼סڳԹ֧֣⾰áԷ˾ǷµĵһѽΡѰĿ˼ʯɫ˿ߵϸ̰ˮ廨ȹվſﲻ֣ʲôĹͶҰĻӭӡ

ʱͼһʮ̴͡ڡԷǰ֣ѩ׸ߴĿ˻ֹ¥ϣ߹ҵĺݡһϮ糺ϼɣڵڷϽ˫һСм侹Ҳ׺żΪķɫϺ顣£ɫ紺֮һ˫ۣˮ壬ɰСһ㣬ǹ֮ŭЦ飬ǸӡòꡣܽӼæЦкСүôҪҺõȡ

һźŵСˡ̡ѾǣƽնöʹͣһȻȣ˲Ķ˲룬ֽĵֽʮ˴ӵ˴ţֱͷǶֻд͵ġӰ¥ȥˡʡĿ˲ϵͲڣȴˣߵķͷǷͷЦλԳСүֶ̫ֳ̫үΨһҪϮλģõӵϲʹǻҲñˡ

Գ軹ṳ̂롰Ӱ¥ͷи̲ͥݣˮ겨⣬˼¥ϣһöףѵõǣ֮ȴһ˿ģ忡ǳ޵ӡ ܽӼ⣬ϲɫЦ˵иõأ͵ǲźһֻ֣²ܶЩô

ԳЦ첽ǰӰ¥Źӣֹ̼ͣΧһСϷ̨ɰԲʮˣ˶ǾǸĴյ͵ˣһæվʺáԳһһ񣬴˼ȴܵǸ̨֮ϡֻϯŸˣͷڸ٣ԶԶȥرƮݣںڻĳɢţȻпݣҲһ˾Ʒ¡һֳ˫Ҹ衣һۣϵɫ˿ͷȫ߸ͷýعšǷķ΢΢𣬰Ȼܣһоⶼ糤Ľëƾһʾۡ趯˫ڿһתۣ£˿ȸɢٳЯƵ١飬˹ң˼䣬ɽһ㣬Թ񡣡һգ˫һ֣תͷơ

¶ʱ׶˺ãаҵСӸ޵һ˫֥ѱ԰ӵķȥˡܽӻ˼ͣΪľҪռ񷻵ͷдϲʱǶλ

Գϸǰˣģһ޶ʮġͣһ֪˫ֵܡֻһµ޳ѣգһϷ죬ʱ۲תȴ͸飬ϧһȴһ죬ĵ˫޹䣬󷽷ؿˣ˫Ŀǹתֹˡһһ䣬һһʤռ˷绨ѩʱ֮ñʹΪ档

ߵĸСüŪЦһ⼷ҶԷ˵ѵһ˶ֻϡ

̣֪ԼвȨƲƸֻǫõ⣬ֻСүƷƥϡһԵĳｫĶҲȤߴԳǰɾͺ¡ЩӸ籾ǷеĳͣϲѰ˵ʱһûй˼ɡ

Գе⣬üһЦºüɣһЦ֣Щ˶ˣвԼͬ룺ѹֹͷ˶˵Цúÿ˽͵͵۶ү

ܽ˶˹һŰź˱īֽ⡣ŵĹأҵѰһԹ㻨պҲþӦͷʩչˡԳϲ˵ķˣװģǫƴһȻʡʵǱʲô

պΡӿھʹ

ԭ˶պΡڵЦһ䣬һЦ

꼱ҿɲҪкοˣˡ̷ˣС̵øᣬƽ⣬ȴԼСڳĶǻӣЩӭģֻǿСʮȤգ㶼Цؿš

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ݵллСүСүĴ

дõȴĲ飺Ʋ貨С䣬ҹҹ̤ޡЦʣŹ۽裬ʷ⺢һǣҲðɣһ̣ܽѻźˣˡ

˻ڳĹͶҪϼѾͷ˴ǰϳЩľȡĳԪ£٬ЩıĽССүȻҪȱ˸һЩһģһ飬̾ӨӴСΪ˴ãӳѩ֮ϸԽɰ

žҪѡĶͣ˶ԼܵõõңΪĻ֮Щ˱ǻеϷʥ֣ΧԲƷƣԳУʹԼԵ÷ռ׿ȻȺ

˫ӣԸȴͬزؽ壬黭һҷԴıº͡ȴϲʱȻοɰʱҪˣǵüλӲϺСġ

ϯ仹һλѦĹӣΪСȢ˵ӵĸáƽҲǻףƾϵʡһеְԳ裬ձǴӵµҵӺһۣСүѱº˵ôҳʶɺã

⻰ԭҲûʲôֻѦְ䲻ԣȴǶţʳб˼ǵУԳֻǺ˼䣬û

ʵԪ¾ŸӣӣӲͬԪϸ㣬Ӻжʮ꣬йʺճĸ̫ʦһڳи

ԪΪʮģĻӷ׾˾ִڳйְǻλ֮һ

Ԫ謷ʮ꣬һ㣬֮ˣĸԭԽ׵ĸ輧òó裬Ѳʶꡣ䵭زϲȨı

ĻԪֻС˶£ʺһòŮĸײʺΪ󣬹Ͷ˴ӺͻʺһЩıϧΪխ

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ԪʮӷԪһĸͬѪգˣĵûʵ۵ϲֳ

߻Ԫ⣬ʮˣĸǰﱻýϵĻģֻ˸ؿ翴á

˻Ԫ訣߰ݣĸ׾Ŀǰʥ¡ʮƸ˳ƴΪڳѰ֧֣ǵλǱߡ

ŻԪСһ꣬游ڳӰԶ̫ʦĸ󣬼˵ţΪƽ֪˼Ӻദ

Լպգս޲ʤĴ󽫾ԳһԼЧУκȻ޿ɱʥ̫֮սȫձȨĸ嶦ʤԲ˴ղ÷ķԣ׾˾˷ܵ۵ĶҲѳˣԼҵ̬ȶ˵ҪԳ˵ϲʳϥҲԸȨɻУۼѦͼ̬̽ȣ֮Ωֲ

˵䣬Ҹֺһ¡˴޺ãȴ΢Ц˵ǰ˵ľɻ֪ܲЩ´ʣҲҺͷЩڲͬ⡣Ըĥī㣬̷ҡ˼ҪͨʫʵĹѡˡһ˽õıīֽϡЩͽΣ㻹֪ߴ๫ǻһƶͣü˼Ӻ꣬һƪͣ±ī۹ⶼС

һϸü˵ϳ˼Ϊѡ

ҳ԰ѩݺ̡Сز죬ŪӰɽɽ̿ԧ˫ᡣ粻ģƺ޲գЦֻСүƪȤ󣬽Ҳܾ̾ˡ

ж˶ĽԳ޸졣һЦȻС˷ϲһСָͷ飬ѵÿſһ޶ȴһй׭顰յ֡ϲʤԳ費͵ϹȻֶ˼ֺøСԳ˵ĺЦУӵұ§»ҡһؾƣҲѰɰȥˡ


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ԼֱľȻ鵭ȻԪ謡

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Ϣ˻ԪԪʯʨΧƻ첽һȦôҾ
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Գȴ˲ôһ飬֪ҪԼʲôԪƿ⣬ٶ໰ЦЦ
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Գһҹ˯ϴù󣬴ɵźɫкõϷϣԼ
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ɫѱֺȼŷ֮ѾȻ˱ȼ磬ԶͺһŹƵġ
̥ɷ֮ˡ˵ֲ֣

ԳǰģԼԼһװȤӣΪسȥתתһ
Ȧʱ˵СҲںԺϢͿԹȥ

СԺһɽ̣¾ɣҲ֪˶˼ŵ˹⾰һɫ˱ǣϸ
֦ҴҵĽŲͣ»عͷԳͷһԭ˵紫԰㻪ʳڡɣ
ѲСˣȴӤ͸Ӹüʣ̺¹⻪ΪѶųһ
㡣

ЦŽܣλǳ鴫ɣ

Գ˷ӣùڴǰΪЦǻϣȴǣԽع⣬ԽȻֻ
գǱκжͼΪ



Խع⣬ʮ꣬ԽԽӣݹˣй⻪壬ʱΪع̫ӡ˹죬ıԣ
Խľʿڶ࣬ųĽͶŮԽκΪѰǿʢƫһ
Ĺҳ츻ԭءԳµλذݣȴ֪ΪʲôðǱжѵǸͰ
ǵĺй𣿻Ϊ˳κ֮һΪʲôع̫ˣжؽд·Գ
Ϸ££Ǹӵ飬ˣ

ͨ¥ԽһճСӣǺӸʱĸ»ʺͱĸ֣ҲԽعݡ
ǰĸ֮˴ԼĹӣΪ˽иƾ֤ǺӼͷԽҩ͡ƽʱֻе
ʱͼʾͣһ£˵ֻǲ֪Խع֪Ȼ䵽κ
ع̫Ӿûа취˳ļ̳λ

šš

˫ַһůθӷģѾʮ˶סСԺǸﱾǵİ׮һз紵ݶ
̱

ͺãǧҪǡԳӡǸ󡱻󣬾һֱڴĦλԽͼЩĸꡣ
⣬һ˽ɣסҰ԰һЦˡ

žʣвҿʼˡԳԵһԼźȵĲֵܣ˶£
˴Сһͬһˮֵܣǰй˼ɵġ

߻ûˣ侭鶼๾һȸɲˮĨȥǵΣҡͷԳ˵
˵˵һһ磬ܸмǰء

Գ谵̾걾һͨŮǰһ趯ģһÿɰСӣںз߶áֻϧ
󣬱ﱻˡԪʧ˵Ĺ͢ǲѡ䣬ּ̣Щװ
ɱε˵ġȻĸһȨƵСӣƽڣǸϿʵˣǰϷЩ
ˡ

˻Ѳ顣ԳͼλѧߵһӰֳֳӹ
ŵúһСǺ˼䣬ʧһǽ֮Ƭ̣ͳ׷ʵ
ȥʲôλ

ӶŻˣ֧᲻ΩԳһָһָҪָסĸ幬λáٲר
ָΧסʵ۶ᡣܵʺԴ칬ǰȥѲ飬޹ҩһƿƽɽ⡣ƽɽ
ܵλʧܺȫұȦ⻹˵ãʵһŭƣֽƽɽնס

ʵ˶ͷĹؽڡں󹬣֣Ȼ˾ۣݺĻ֮˺˽ʵ۵
˼֪ҸýԼֳһնݳΪͷĴûܵϰװ׷ŹǷ
ƽɽ˽ҪҪǻʵֻҪһˣͿ˳µذεждֻ̡ԳȴΪھΣ
Ҳһ·һָǰĻְ˸ʮ㡣ԭǽʿó軹һֺõġ
ԳԹĹŴ׸⣬ʱ볤ҲҪѰһɵĽŮԼţ
ģǱΨһĹѡ

ԳԪĸ൱ӣϧǸΣ򲹳ĳ磬Щࡣ˷ǳ󣬶ּ
͵ĺӡС޻ڳҪǹʱѧ˼нβԪʧĸ޸ȥ׵ͬ
һˡԳ֪Ĵ޹װƭ˵ģ̲סҪ뵽ᣬԾüͷ

ʵͣԼֵ£ŷԳԺһֱ˵Իӿڡ΢
ͷ衣ǰ˰ɫ续һ㣬üȴᣬ˿ۡ̾Ϣ
ˣĶȥΪչһЦʹҪҲȥ

һʱѪӿѿڶ裬ֻ˵ҾƴҲΪֵ

ʲôص£㰡 Գҡͷ˵ֻǴԣҪҪҲһȥ

ҪҪϰһգƽʱ޴ãֻþķ֡

ãͬȥɡ

κǿУÿսԴ·硣֪ܵԭ˱뺷ʺٹ䣬ǿǡκҹ塢
̶ϲӥ߹ǽԵĺʱԳһװİҹʨӰףʮ̴ױ
⡣سŵʿ䱻ǺһӷɳºȴȽζϸСү°ε޹ˡ

˽ͬı档Գֻĸˣܿ·һ֡ƵȻãԹʵ佱Էһ
Ҫմѡ¾ƲԼз磬òЩ

ɽﾡһͨۿ̫£ʯӣظ·ԪԭҲɽԣֻ
ȥ˸Ϊվĺɽɽûͷ˫ȻҪȽһԪԵ˴һֻͷ¹
׼õҲķᣬֻϧǷѣûдѹ˼һءԳȴ̫ϡɣ
ױȻľѴֻҰͷǰϣҲֻǿֻСһֻɽ¹ѡԪԶͦԳʱ
һε

вޣԳԼô⡣ص󣬱˰õֳݣôʢˣͽТ
ŮٺȨƵ̫ǡźЩ£̴룬˵үϽȥһˡ

Թʤ߳ƣΪһʤǿ˱ִʹˣϾ˸Ѳ
¡Գţʩ񣬡үá

ˡԹʤϥ±һŮϧжʣֻԳһ硣
ԽԽԼӢŵĳӣвһʹԵ̫빬˵ѾˣӦһ¡
ƽиŮֹУ̫ʦСŮδ䣬ͺʣƷò൱һһʺ
Ҫ˵ý̫ԾϣԽһԼ⡣

ƽǽãȻǶԪһ̫ʦ˵ˣӺԪ衱ݱǱý
ұ̬ȡԳ费׻ش𣬡ãԸ⡣ֻ˼ңŮ¶Լҳ뾭ָ
еġ

ԹʤȻãô죡ȻǣɴɽƸʵۡܵۼһѳ꣬ȴٳ
̫ӣǻҪٶǼ꣬ĿǰӦòṫ֧еκһˡԳ账һͻ⣬
ﰲο˵һ䣬ܺãǶǿ

ԳүǳоٵƵСȻȥԼ¹⣬һ԰ⲽţһЦ˸
ǽͷ֮ϣЦЩȤ£Сүôһﰦ̾ģ

ǻΪ輿Խع⡣һóۣǽ£Գ蹰˵һСүķ
С֪һõȥֻǲ֪Сүûеǰȥ

ôҼҵ԰ˣԳ

ԽعüЦ˶˵СүΣôȴˡ˶ˣ㻹ʲôֻ˵ȥǲȥɣ

ȥԳ豻һЦЦû⣬ûѿڶ΢΢һ죬Ҳ룬ұضҪȥ
ġ

Ǻã߰ɡԽع˵סԷ·һԾԳԼȻಡһ͸߸߷ɹǽ
ͷŵôо˫ֽ§סԽع塣ԽعЦֹʩչṦ߱ڣ̤¶УƬ̣һ
ԺСԺӲȴһСĺˮ˼䳨þ¥˰ɳգɷġ

粴壬ǩᣬмٽɪңƣ¥˵һ㣬
ÿë׶̹Ƶ

˭Գʵ

ҵһλѣĽСүĲɷһҪԽع˵䣬Ѿֳֵӭӣ¥
͵ˣ

һλŮȥʮ߰꣬üĿˣһɫӣڴ˿
Ҷɻװ룬ȴδʩۣ֬λǶԼòΪţŸʾˡŮӯӯݵȹƮһˮ
ӰСŮСү֮гóȻ룬֮ˡ

Գ¶֮ɫֲ룬ѩع̫ŮվȻҵüһԽعΪüƣվ
¶һ˿ǳЦ˾ȡƲʲдԼһԸ㣬ｻĺò֡ٺãһ
ø£˪ʮָ֮¡

¶ǺԽعؽ⿪ǰ¶һѩòͳڣȻģǷˡԳЦ
룬Լٵĺ֪λع̫ӾȻá֪֪Ϸý³Сϣ
֧סͷЦʱ͵͵һԽع⡣ع̫ӿʱ죬ޣϯѹйŮһҴ֮




ڶ죬Թʤʵ۱ΪԳָ顣ܵ۹ȻԳСΪɣظ˵˽飬ѹ
Ϣ̹ˡǳ¹ıīֽⲢ˿о˹Ŷ䱦һϻӾ
̫ҲһһˣһʱõʹЦԷǵǣԺǴõ
ͬһĿȫ˵СүҰζĻ񡣶ɴ֣̫ˡ

ֵָǷ꣬Գ⼸ձʵڼвšԷ¶²ڣȴһشϢ
糯ϣʷϱϵƹǮĹԱ̰Ȼ˽µٲеʳʹųֵĽʮ
־ſաŭ顣ˮݵӺȻĵڳ֣ͬƼղ󳼣׷¡

һֱԪ誵ΧĸǺųƽϵһĳ¼ң뽭ϸʡԱнڶ
ǣԪ衺ԪȴҪղλӣװҪ˻˽ϣãԶ㣬
˵ģάӺͶ᲻죬ʱŴ󳼲˽̻ݣΣӣ
¼ȫҲҪһǣ

˵գһѹ

Գ费ţûбʾ̲סǸô죿

˵£ǹܲˣܺԼСԳش˵̷ӥĴ͸ˣ
չʳж٣ع˼۸񣬹õʳ㡣

Ϊʲôʡ

ԳһĶͷ˵ΪϵۻǣÿԳû׬һƱ˺ͬԳԤϵһ
ų¼Ҳۺ񣬴ʳգʡ۷

ڽϰеһϢԳԭǰνǴԪ衵ˣһǰ
ŪˣְԼһַŵҪλϡӺʾʹ䣬ָʹǰڴ͵͵ͼգֻ
±ϵļӡ죬мơϸÿϽɳ͢Ǯռķ֮һǿķȱ
ȡҲһţ˳һ¾֣ǾͺӺһԼ侮ʯ

޵¼ҹȻ̶ھȻýʯĹףڳ֮͢ǰٲֿգǴʡ˹ȥ
ʳҲ˸üǮֻʵݣܷμʷôϲݳ͢٣˳Ѵӵ
ֻӥȮһ¾طƯ

Գȴҡͷ˵֣ʯĿձڶʱڲ룬£ҪöΪ˰ƽ£
ȫԼضʵȫ¶˳պЩŵسΪӴĻСһ̣ǿû䣬Ӻ
ȫʤԵЩˡ

Ŀһ촽΢Գ֪л˵ЦүΪʲôҪаԪ誳ǲǣ

µͷ˵һϴ϶ض󣬵ʱǵĴ͸Ӽˡ

ϵհ䶨󣬽žǻʵ۴죬ʺٵæˣҲʼůһգ
԰ĵʤաܵ𣬱ڹ磬һһͬǰͻǼ磬͸ƷЩ
ҲɳϯֻԺӵסһ뻨

Գ磬ȥ̫˰Ž԰Сֻ԰ĵʢ̺졣ԴԻУһ޷ǳ
ϸϸǧ֮࣬Ϊصǣ޵˼£Ϻɫ⵭ȥ΢Ϸ׳ʣĵ
֮ȼ硣κ𣬳ϲվǰϸ档

Ԫ衺ͼܵܽ԰ʱľһ꺬Цκϣһڣͺס˵Ĵ
һǡԪ淢̣ؿڣźһػͨͨһ𵴵Ҳ
ǰ㽫οסҲ˼Ź֡

ʼʢ籾һźɿһ룬ȴ˵ӡһͲ˵С̫ȻǻĴ̿ͣҺûл
ͱͳƳһǰʣ֪°ܾͰγصذͱ˶Էһתߡ

ٺͼڸҪʵ̫ۡҪ׷УṦãȻǴ̿ѣֻ
Ĺһ顣ƣȻԾĽܵ۶ʱŭСˣЩ񣬲뾹ȻĻϲ
ȥɵú£

ͻĻŵ̱ڵأƽʱĻܸɶˣ֪ΪԼ⣬ֻǿ޺ԩԩ
ԩһױˣʱױɢңҵģв̡

ܵ۾ι֮䣬㲻˰㣬ЩֶΡŭ֮²ϸҺȵѺ
£ȴ䡣һһʡ

ȡһȡһ𡣵ʱܵڱŭУΣʹõҲҿ飬
ԪҲ̫˽еԼȥڴʱڳԶײʵۡǺ˴󵨣˲Уֻ߻Ԫⶶ
µشȺǰϥмͷ򲻿ɽƾһƾͶ븸ϸ룬˿ڶ࣬
Ūһ̫кѴҪǴ̿ǻģΪҪ̿һԼƣ˲֪Ļ
ʹ𣿡

ܵۿ˿ڽµԪ⣬ǾȡߣСųÿμèƵģվȻͦ
޽Ļ˴⣬һʱ˳Ԫǿ˵귽һѶɸӣҲ
ʵ۷ŭ͵ۿȥܵɫͣʱ˵Ǵ̿͵ģ˼ʻ
¶裬ݺҲδ֪ϸ飬ԩ˺ˡ˻ʵףʧĸǡδ⡫δ̫
һ˵У¡ڳ˶ʱԼͬʮǰ¡

߻ԪĸΣ˻Ҳ飬Ϊǵ£˸ʡܵۼԪ
ڲסͷ飬Ѫ˿࣬΢΢̣Եɣ޶֪ˡ

ʱǡñ߹Ůѣ˵ʵ۽ǰ˫ץס۽ǿధܱº񰮣Ҹ壬ⶨݺ
顣ԩ

ܵ۰˵ȻؽϢɣԻȻתͷ˵ϯǿȥˣҶɢ˰ɡԪ
⣬

˲ҶԣĬĬ뿪ʹ·Գ裬˵˭Ǵ̿ǰ

бУЦԷЦ˵ȻΪ

Ϊʲô

½ӿڵΩĴ¡ó裬ʺǻʺͳ
еĵλ˺ܴӰ죬Ӧòˡ

ƵƵͷԳʱſ˵ǻһ£дӶǰݻں
˵λ곤Ļۿܵǽв̲סʼּˡֻ˭Ҳûϵһȴڴн˺ôͷ


˵߻Ԫ⣿ʡ

ǣЦŰɣλҪߵǰ̨ˡţԳ۳ԷϷһͭѻ
ԼһһеôϤȻ뵽˵ĶԼݵؼһ˫䣬Գʹְֺͷ
ζݣһʱͬؿڶǻġ

ڶ죬ܵ۹Ȼּν߻ԪТж죬Ѱ֣Ϊ֪ʵֲ֮
ʧĸĿʹˡ˺ܵ۾ΨĵʴΪ׺񡣾ͷ֮ʱȣм㣬һ
£ǣԭĬĬŵ߻ӣһҹ֮κеĴˡ



ҲǾκȱսĽּܵΪвѡʿٶƣƷϵĹԱԿɱ˲Աԡ
ĻȻϷŹκһĻᣬ׷ѡŵԳ˸ɢﳣ̵ΣҲǴƷĹ
˲٣ҪƼ˷ˣԶ㵽Է˻죬ȣһҹϸ赽


һգԳ˻ڽԷȻ빬æʰͣϵܵ۾סĹʱȴԪҲڡܹ
󣬻ʵָŰһ߾˵½һ٤٣Ԫһԣȴ˵ղ衣ܵԪƳģ
ֻгһ˶ѡ

Գ迴һۡ٤ƹݣʮʮ֮ɣ伫ˣٲͩľɫʵֵŪ
Խȴɱ֮⣬ͷ΢

ԭ٤һλУϹս٤㱧ˡ ˵ʱĮ
Щҵ±渵һ˿Ѫ

Գһӣ˵ĪңҵС¹

ʵ۴Цҡͷ˵޺̫ѳ軵ˣǽ֮󰡣ŮӣһԵĹŮ͵Ц
Ĵ̫ȤļҵŮҲȲСүƯ

Գ˵ҲģϻݵԼЦһƳԪ謵΢һ£֪Լ
ˣҲϯ£˷ټܣҶԼȡְ£ֵ࣬һ֣
áϣ񲿹Ա˲μӱٿԵܵۿЦʣҲƼˣЩʲô˰

ԳһЦ˵Ӻļλ硣΢ƼԼģҵøΣҲһ΢׳ꪡ̤
Ըϧִ򲻹ǣͰˡ

ţο٣е֮һӺܵ۴һԳ費Цˣ֪빬ܽ
Ϊһ٤١ԪһԪŽϼ򣬵ǴԪѳųҪţȴޱ
Ȩ˴ٽΪѡģӺֵУڲ˻ʵ۵ļɻˡ

ܵۼŵò룬һ㲻Լҵˣ̫Ư̫е̫;˾˵İֶΡ
ԼŪȨλ˰ɱرĸ׺ǣȴŹǵ̫ʵڲý
ԼǶѳԹʤòԼҲʼûһǰġҲգķӣһӿ
үҲԵסˡ

ԺԳԪһͬ߳šΪʲô֣٤꣬ζͷԪȴ
ӱܣ˫Ŀֱ磬޴Ρ֮£Գؿˣ֪Ҫ΢λش𣿡

٩ЦٲȻеı֮ɫȴ̫ԡѵҪһش˵±ʥϲ¼ɲװСŪǻش˵Ϊ˱Ȩ
һ˵ȫɨأֻӵҲûشɣԪ謳һȻ˵ҪǲˣҰ㣡


Գظһ·Ԫ謶˵Ļ֪лʵۣ˵Ұ㡱֣ν޼ˡϧ
Ǹᣬݣ˭Ҳû취⡣г̾Ԫ謣㿴ҵһߣȴ֪һеڶߡ
飬ȴעҪ㸺塣

Ԫһ£崿޹ɳʱǣҵȴһˡò̺ݶǣȫޣ
ǰϷƭ԰ˮԳ䣬¼зִ߶ȣΩ׾ٵľܽҡɼڤڤ֮з
֣Ѹ˵ðתǧأǿ

ٻڽܹĵĳﱸУһ£ÿѡȴۿžҪˡνѡÿһѡ𿼺ˣ
ǽƽǱ⣬άԭ״ڹԱ˵صͷȴ¡ǽȻãƽҲ
ģеǷȱеȴˮšã⵽⣬ܾܿʹһ겻ÿ⼸죬ǵļҶ
ͥСϵʱҲȻһҶĹϷֵҪҪλáԳ
ĹλֻǸְҲһӪࡣ

롣˵Լ԰һ꼻ͻȻ˽ٶ仨٣ҹضҪʢţһͬҹΡ軻
ƵɫۣżȥԪ΢Цųӭӣȵ֣ٺ衣

أԼûͣҪһʡ

ָյڻ԰˵ԪЦԪǼҪһЩŵȥ˻ֹ

ԳͷԪţٺĴ̨ǰİϹΪ裬ʾ󣬿żůɫ
С޿ˡŵǻ㣬ʮã߽ϸᡣ

Ԫƿٺţӳ龰һŴϣ˯㡣ǰˣ¶ذ
ĲӣǷǡһ룬֬ǳ΢΢䣬ҲƺЦˮ¹͸ɴ
סӣһξӨ͸ĺ˳ɫ½ԪƲǺ鴦ľ
ڰУưû䡣ԳѾãֻ˯˵Ȼ̬֮һʱκ֮


ԪʧسԳ߹ȥָȥᴥѾõ촽Ľë˶ȴûѡӺѳ㣬
ҲƲסԼƻ֮Уֻ΢£Ƶʮ⡣֪ôؿڣССͻ
̲סȥһϷʵķɫԪѹ񣬴ʱϷʧһʰ
һ͵˹ȥαʵݵһƤϣ಻ϾٲϷɡ

Գǰ˼Щ룬֪ʲôʱ˯˹ȥ˯Լе˴شԼŭ֮
ӻָȻ˫۵һɲǣ̷Լ֫ǰһϤ׽ᱡ
мٵĺǵʵ۵ճĳӣӺԪ衡

衫衫 Ԫѹס壬ڱкܼɵϣ黽֡衫ϲ
㡫ϲ㡫ҿ췢ˣ

ԳǿѹסŭһתеĹؽڡӺ£ǶӵκǰҪ


Ԫָ۾˵ϲ㣬ϲ㣡ʹӦһΰɣպ󵫷еĶ㹲Ҫ
⽭ɽҲΪᵽ֣ͬһһæҵذԷ·ҵ£ֱԳ
ǰڣǻѪ˳ȴ֫Ԫס˫Ử͸űɵ
ζоζã޲һڽ˶¶ȥһˡ

ԳԼ̣˴ʱ˵أȴҲ˲ʲôɻȨݺһҧԪ衼ϡԪЩ˾
ȴ̼ѾӺƵڳϿҧƴԼĺۼһ˫ָһ·£ڳС
ϴ࣬סġ

֪ԼļƣضйŹ֣ƫƫһϳصĴӾȻҲʧ˷ִ磬֪թܲסԼ
ּҪҪҩʱٺš֨һ¡

֣ʲôһ𣬳Ԫͬʱ̧ͷԪѦվſڣװȱ鵹
һ㡣

ԳʣϵòӡǡԪ衷ɢң쳱ֻֻͣڳ˽ܴ龰
ʲôʿ֪Ѧ¶֮ɫԪȴƵƵ֣֣ܺͳ
Υ飡Ҫøʺ̫֪ˣôˣ

ƺ˵ķߺرͷзģ֮裬նٱǧֻԪ衵Ǻܿӳʱ
ƽ泤ʰһٽԼķٽºáһ˳Ҳ˼˭ֻ
˸Ѧǰ׽飬еⲻվ°ڣſ˵ҺͳأʲôôСֵģֹ
ʲôˣС񳤴ˣҲϢˣֵҲﻮﻮǰ̡

һ仰ǡǡúõԪչüЦֽѵǣһ¡

ҲãиɵĿȱȵһ°ɡԪʮ·صͷӦ

лֳȫࡣѦԭֻǸп޵ʡУһԾΪʵð͵Ĺɣ̸͡ԪѦ
һ빪л֪Ȥĵͷ뿪ǰѷϡ

ӺƿԪҪŰԼŷȹһزɣֵʹ䡣Ԫ衻
ȥһɵλӣȡԪԴ±տڲԡƣȴԳ赱һĳ롣ûȫ
Ѫ˲Ϣȼŭ𣬶Ҫ絽۽ëˡԪ衼£ǰο˵Ҫ£ҡ

ԳͷԪ̲סȥ§˵һҲҪˣ֪Ӻ»жٸ
λӣָλֵܣ

ԪͷһݣʱɢԳ˵˶Բס㣬ҵ֪ˣҲ㣬ֻ
ҵĺôպұضض⻰ȴ˵Ǳض˰Ҳûбضȥ

˱ۣ˵ȶˣͼ˻ҵС˹

ʱԷԳ裬ܿߺųһ¾ͨҩ
תź左ҩǿʲôѽĶһѩ嶾ԡ¿кۣɵ
˵Է˫ȭգҧÿ죬޲ʳЩˡ

˽ԵСү˵Բɲ֪ûߡӻһطȫˡ
Ӻ飬˱ȱĿ絽˰ʱתҩôٳɼ飬ԴҪЮԪ衡Ӻȴ
ɫҵкԻӣһȫάͷֻ֣»һӺ
Գ鼱Ŀõ֮ͷãããԳŭһǰС˵ӹӲţӽ
ҵԪģ̫浱Լûл֮𣡡



ܵһҪٿԸȫ߼˲ѡδ񲿹Աæ˽һ£Уд˸̨
һһɸߣʮɿĴ̨̨ߴɵĻõþʣ˼߹Թۿרϯλ
ݵһЩľ̨Ϊª£ĵͽ׹ԱʿֻϯضλÿҪվŲС

õƼͨͼԺ̨ܵΣһٶʮͨԣֳɺ
顣Ϊ˶սģʽ̭ʤ߽µ̨ɸѡһʮˣȫǱеľӢˡ

Ĺͬ죬ܵʰٹټԵһʮȡʸһ̨ͬлʵһһԱҡԳ
ԹۿȤߣλϣش˸Ƿ˾ȻյԪѷ͵ӺԪ衵
üĿ顣

ϼʿֲýżңַǷԳڡ󡱹ҹʱԽعҲˣ͸
ССʮİһף쳣˵ԽһκЩСүæŪ߹صӡ
ˬһڴӦȴЦֹԽع˸ǧĵĴ˵񣬵̲סϢˡ

ץʱߣͻȻ䡱һԭǺ췽һ棬ƯʤˡԳбۿȥԪ
Ȼϣ۽ȴһ˿ϲɫʤȻǴӵˡڶӺ˲ȥͱ˸ƽɳ㣬̨
İ顣

ֳַʤԪ衵ɫȴҲûкת谵Ц˵Ԫ˲ٽ֣ԭű
ءȵ磬ǿ쳡ܡɡ塣ǰˣһһµſͣɺ
书ǿֻ£ڳ޹ʣʶǡվڳЦе̳
ĸ֣СүǧذתĲŲ̋Ҳ²

쳺ԭǾĺ֣ϵ൱ʮȴֱɺ¡Ӯ
磬ȻŲʵһԣһսʤ壬Ϊ¿״Ԫܵ۴ϲͳ
塢쳺Ҳ˹ְǰʮɱͬˣ¼á

лҲվ̨ܱȭ⣬ȫʱ׶úԵԪԾԾԣһʤʱ
һ۵Ӻ󷽴èҲܵ״Ԫκǲûˣ

һԭ˵Ǳʹڡͥҡκ±ֵľǰ˫ͣÿʮ
ʮ򳵵׹Ϊۣȡ˱߾̫ƽǱֹص׵ܵܣʮ꣬ηκңǡʢᣬҲ
֡

ҵ°΢΢м˵ߵǿʮѹһ˵ֻʫƭƭŮӡ
̬ưȻŭκϾ¶ŭ⣬ֻǹ˼ݣǰս

ˣͥβһ³λʶһ¹ֵı죿ܵ۴һΧͬ͡

ӵָָ̨ϵɣͺԣŲУһָƣ꣬ڳ˶ŭˡ
κط˿ڶ࣬ӵʵȴ֣˲ѹѪжвʣٱ裬ǿ̣
벻̣ɫһȻү¸ִͽ̡

ɳʯʣߴ׳òˣڴϹƶ˶ۡνʣ
õչ͹ʹĽƾˣԿƵСһɲʱֿ콣Ѹ鶯
һһչ磬ףжǲˡԷһǿһĹ֮£
ȴʾĴݡһ͹δȡʤƽ˥ͻȻг羪㼱̶ѩĽѣĿ̴
ֱԷ󡣵ʯ䣬ॡһס֣гء

ʿþ˵ĳ֣ᷢһУֻһѾ˵ʤ˲Ȼ˶̨֮ϡ
һ־ʹ¿״Ԫκ޹⣬ԪѪӿһüҪͦվȴԪһӲɫ


ܵ۰аûڣԭΪ֪ͥûа£ȼʶʯʵĽʶıԸ
ıѾõģԷʾκ˵ơϣݲаã˭սأʵ۲
΢΢ü

յԳߣ˵ƣֻ˳ֲʤ㣬ȥȥԳһۣ
Ц˿壬ﲻɰ̾ԽкͰΪĿ꣬ǰ£ֻҲȫ
ӣôǰܷܣչһСү

˼üŪ۵ʱ򣬴ͳܵɫʾµ̨ǰٺųƴڵһ֣Ϊϳɳأ书
Ҫ߳һأκɳǿѡˡʱϬޱȣʱˮ©һһĸ֣ʯȴǰ
һѧšһһʽҽǣ޼ѰƫƫǡôÿһƵöԷòлطһп⣬
ͷ󺹣޻֮ʯȴչһתô׾һһжµơԳ
һʼʯʵͣ˼˿ʲô۾ͻȻһ

Уһ˼гŶԷ̹Ȼ䡣תۣܵһЦ뿴
˵˱ȲǱжɣ

ܵۿǺٺãʱҲҲסˡɨһΧ϶¶գȻûһܻ⵱
µѿ档ǰƶ۽Ҳ൱ʯʱȽϻҪѷɫࡣﻢ£
裬Ԫһҧֹ񣬾ҪӦսͻȻǰһһ̨ǴӸ
һˣѧһЩǳָָ㡣

̨˭ʶҲûôϵ̨һ㵵໥ĿѯšͷԵҪǱԪ衣
ҿһҡͷȻûԳƺˡ˱͵Ц谡裬֪̲סҪ
֣

ʯζشǰˡͲ󣬵洩һ˵װ޳ͨͨٺɫֻйѩ
ζǳԱصϣھҪһһǮǸõġǵһЦ˵˵
кΪʲôɴ˵Լк㵽Ǻˣ

ԳԼҪܸͺˣұ㻹±ʶԷӸµĿ죬Ц
ػ˵ʯʣΪʲô˵Լأֹ£ֹеģνʯʣҲ

һͷΪֹ΢κ¼Ϊܣ뾹һƣԷȴûп
һͷǱ˴ȫûл֮۾һУѹʣ

ƽһܡԳСشӮˣһŵˣͰѱ´ҪĶϡ
̸ݣѹ˵̨µ˸Զֻ໥ӣѹ֣ȫȻû뵽

شк棬ǰݳԣȴܿ͸ġüԳȥ˼Сһ䣬
֪Ҫʲô

κͼ֮⣬벻ʲôͶǰ

вͼѿڶ

ȻǳЦӦѾĻŴӱô¸֪˻ȥ

㵱ϸҲͼ̴ֹǡ

ֻҪӮöԼκСүһﶨɽʵؾˣҲ취κͼۼ͵ȥ߾
ս£ܵôԼҵֺôԳᷭƸ꣬ΪԼֻظ

ãҴӦˡһԾŶǻʵ۵ɡ

¹ȻȷǷһЦǳķ緶

ʵһսԳްա񣬽Ϊв޶ʽҲѧɣȴ쳣ļЧ
书ߣΪ˶ĿԶ֣ٵ֮ʵľԶԶսı֮

رһͼҲСȫûг֣ƱˡбָһСϸꡱ
ŶԷ¡ԽЦɢУȴ¶֮ɫֻ̨֮ϵ֪һʽ
̲˶ٽ⾢ҵؾٽƽǰһʽ˷סȻסͼ

̨ˡסһС˷סֵеһУֻʹʱɵĶ౶
ˣ֣˸ɷǺÿطƽȣйһ˿Ҳ
Ĺؼһо֣֮ʹʱ౶һеݳͻ䣬һǿҵЮ֮Ȼ档

еһϢԷֻǰƽһʽȴ̩ɽѹһеֻѰУܲסһ
Ťһ˿

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ȻڶԷһ㣬ӯӯƮڵء´磬̶һ㡣

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ʹƾȻͬһΣӿͰ㽫ԳΧסһˣֻں֮䣬ʱ޿
ˣͻȻͦӭϣͬпգӱӿްͰԽԽ죬һʹ쾡£õľȻ
ŶԸʱʽתۼ䣬ѽֹУȲʤߵ͡

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Ȼʹáֻʵ۵ĽпƼʵ޴׾ʤɡ

ֺֺЦ⵨ļһøո͵ѧ书ӲƴȻʹģǿ
ѹ֮£Ƶ޷СһХٴλӳʱȫѳʽ·˾Ϊһ塣Ϊһʤ
ش˿ȻȫԸһ˿һء

Գ֪ⳡ֮ľսڵʱ̣˫ձ߱һɫͻðǿ
޵ķ˿

ش󾪡ǽĲΣԦУһɱǰţֻϧ
λæ޷רڽʼս벻еľ硣û뵽ǰԳǺ꣬Ȼܴﵽ
ز֮һɣԳĽѾײĽֻॡһһΪ

еķɱһӶɲǼֹЪһ˲˲ŶԷ۾糤ŭȴֺ
ЩʲôǹŹ֣ͻȻ˵ʵδʤҡ

Գͷ˽һ޷ֻüթ㣬Ϊһʹɹĺ󣬲һСʤ
´ұذɣ

ؿɬһЦ˵ҺͿˣŶͣôѧ

˵üëһȻ䣬սܣԼһأպһԼȱϣж
׳ƮȻ̨뱱Яֶȥ

¶ϽӰȭ˵ˣüӮñ䣬ʣѵöԷػ̹Ȼ䣬
ˣݣλִֹ۽һ

ֱʱڲŴĶۡ״̬лعȻ׶ĻȲ֮ƴ󣬷·µ
̨΢΢ҡԳڵĻδţһ̨µӺԪ衣룬һʵҪսʤֽ
͵ĹҵҪʵ۽һڹĺһԲػʣ뿪̨

ڰ

Ϊκ˴󹦣ȴ֪ٵĺӺԪ衳˺ôͷպ̨ϣ󷽷ԳԪ£
Ԫһֱûгϣʱ˵ǸᣬȻû˿šܵĲأӲҴŲúܷ
⻳ģѴˡԪ衾Ȼ˺ڲ࣬Ӷе¡ǣ
ӵԪΪԱ˫ǰӣʼֳӺԳ˳һκϷ䣡

ֳ֮һ¡Խݴʷ˼ţǾֵܡŮ֮ȫҶ
ɺ÷ֱϡ˼ԼݣԴöȶҪûʣƾοɽˮ֮Ϊ٣ϲ
ҵϰ

ⲻΪ˸ĸ׺ʮ٣¶署Ǹϲ졢Ȥ˼Ҳϰڵȫ
ĵưˮֽѣĿӲó˸󻨿ǧһߵ˿ɴװδ
ԵĻƽ⥽޷һȽȽ㡣ǽϻǶϰ˽Ǻ篴󹬵ơɾ̫ˣѹʷةҪμҲ̰֮

ʵĸ٣٣ԽһЩҲ㲻ʲôֻҪʵ۲ƽϾСܵᷣٺ»
˼ƫƫʡвޣЩ֮ͽϾʷة³ıؾ֮·ϣ͵͵һٳȴһȻ
ͲʰˣѺū׵ľ˼ţϾһˮ˷

˻Ԫ診ͻҪԼˣʷҪΪԩݡҲ׷׳ждĳû
һȭһʹˮҲкµ˻̫С˼ɿΪԼЩ档ԳԹۣװ
ﲻšЩӣӺԪÿοޣϡƷǾÿһ͸ֺ
Գյȫգȴҧгݵָʾ°Щͳͳóȥ֣ǮƽԷгһ
ЩӺ˵ȡ

һ߻Ԫˣǡ磡磡ؽԳӰһѡ˵޵ú
ģҰæҡʲô⣡磬ɡ

Գ̾£ū͢٣ǳɱͷĴ˭Ҳûа취ġ

ɡɻѹģúмҿܾǿҵסԪᵽ
Գһ˵ÿһ絶ȴҪ΢Цޱߵжѻ
𶥡Ԫ˵£ԶӡҪžң͵ȡκġ
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¶ˡԳԹ޳𣬲Ըƣֻҡͷ

Ԫ֣סҡΣֿ磡ֻǰС⣬Сˡ

ﰧԳһꡣɼһǼΪϸģκ¶ʱƾȷСģΪӪ˿˿ۣƫƫ
һ硱ÿÿʧȥ˷ִ硣ã˵ʥҲ˼ţпܱ
ס

Ԫϲ߸˵ˡԳıӰһãȻ⺢̫ˣԼѪΣ˵˿
⣬ֻоøףȥԸˡ뵽Ļܣ飬˫ֽգ
ڷһ󡰸

Ȼһ˳˵ʷةоԹǡײةִɱйߡѱ
ǿǿʷ̨ҪʵةԹγɱ˵ġ֮£ĺܿȫ
ˡܵ۴ŭ²˹ҷͣԾҵİҲǲ

󣬴ڳʱȻŽͬһЩùĹ˳һʱ䳯֮˺ܵ
ĿˡȺ鼤ߡգţǨ乬ס˼նУһţҲû빬С
˻Ԫĸܴػһ𣬺ҩ˶̶̵ʮ꣬Ǻˡ

Ӻ˻ռסԽݴʷְ֮ϲѡ˹ͷŴУս⡣ȴ߻Ԫ⣬ܵǵʱ
Ψһˡҵˣ࿴Ұ֮棬Σ֮ʱչˣ㽫Լ̳ϻµ
ô˴ֽԼš󣬲ѲѷԪ誡

ԳµĻǸͰǺӵ顣»ش˵ûͷֶκ˼ܣ
ôþȻûһչЩΡȴ¶ɫֻͷһ˻صºȲ衣

Ԫˣ߻Ϊ¿һȻ˵֣ʵȥ֣ûе˿ãԳ
ﲦ˸һ̯Ҫ߹˲ţǣ˭ˣ¸ȥҹŻ
²Ŷ԰

Ԫһ죬૵絹Ըæֻҡ͵۹ۿԳɫּ˵˻ŪЩֽźң
Ծܾˡ磬ôپһΰɣ

ЦˣȴСүҲŪ𣿡

粻ᣡԪ⼱ʧĸֲøʻģͷҲԼҵֵҲңֻ
гĴҡ

ʵͦϲ߻ӣλҪöࡣǴȤ˵ôˣ硢
и֪ͣĻΪǼСүֻ߰С˸أ

Գ農˵ϣֻǶסԼһ˫ֿ޳ϼѪͻԵ
֬Ѱ˵֣һ˫Ůӵ֡С̿ϰ䣬Ҫ¼ӣֻÿϸϸĥȥ
ٷһౣ˫֣û˲书ʮǰ˫ÿһָһ޹ŮӲˡԪÿһ
硱ôģʮǿ׶ȥֻһ죬ǧٿ׵Ļᡰһѳһ
Ƭ

磬ҡҰɣԪקס۽ǣ

ãһʹɫȴ䣬Ϊ˼ʮһȥɡ䲻ó񣬵
;㣬µİȫЩôġ

Ԫ⻶ϲޣæлŶȥѡԼԳһǣǣ룬Ҫ
ҶϷļٵĲҪʱ˭ܹԼһزӮҡ

˲һ죬ԪʹԳһȭϣɧ꣬黨ǲݣȻҴ
Ҳǣʺ𷣣

֪յΣǶȸ״ɴŭòȴһĭºûӺ
ôҲֵõүһղɧţǱҪݷ𡣵үϣЩ˵Ķ
ˣˣǵݣʡӺλܹܴΪү

ⷬϬúԪȴûбŭһȭ߶üأԳ費˹ֿˣǻѪ
һһȭǴԼϣǴڶԷƵģ˰õͷܿĿɿڴҫ
ϢĶȥԼһȻͰλѲүˡ

Գ˵ڵϣҲ˹Լˡϵˣ۵ûջǣԼ˴һЦ˵
ô󣬸ҪʹһЩźá¸Ͻסˣˮ͸ɾ޲ϸϴóҩΪϡʣ
ӣ쳪һ

й󣬶ׯһзִ硣ȻΪӺбд·˽ʶһ̶ˮԳ
һ΢һĨЦǣ·Ըһƽ͵ܹܵıԺȥʲôҲ˵֪ġ


ƲȻģȴŽ̹ʵڣһֱͶԳ͸λܹܵĻػضǲûۣ
Ĵ𶧡ʱ»ͬʱһеϢ׳ܵͻȻ̫ˣ

ھ

ϢܿʹˣӦ֪ģӦ֪ģ֪ˡ̫ӣδĹ¹ϵش󣬳û
ӿÿһ깶˸սӺԪ衵ճǳӣռ˺ܴϷ硣Ȩƣһ
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ԳÿɻƵأʣܣͽӣḡģܼУȴסԪ
򣬵һżɽ˵˵ˣǰ潩ֲ£ʹ桢ǲܵġֶĻ
ڱصãСү˵ĻΪֻ֮к֣պܱסȥδӣ׻ɣ

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˵𣿡

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ȫĻһ嵽׵ĻҲ̫ƽˡ

ǰߣž͵ˡһԳ͹ߵףæǰԪ課ʵԪ誺Ϳֱշ
֪ҸＸٿ˵˭ġ壬ҶȹѹأȴԸӹԪһݡ

Գ۾£µͷʱ̧ˣ֣Ǵʡ˵һ£ܣô֪
ģԪ誰ٰлʱִԵҽеʱ򣬳ȴ⣬볤裬л֮

⻰ʵ˵ô治ѾүˣҪ⣿͵˵ԼŻʵ۱ԳЦһв
һգöͬһ⣬ԼҵΪԼǻ·ϧΪµɵ£ԼһˣѵҪɵ
أ

뵱꣬ܡϴ廪óűʮ꿪ʼر߹أսδһܣʿġԡ
˧ͻŵƵߡ϶裬Ŀɶɰ飬ھһԾŶ˵Ļʥּá񷣬
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ܣֵؽܡǣŮ޺ܡ

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ѵ˲ɣԼҪΣʱһֻϻСʮͽɱѻ˵һֻһȺ
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ӣ󲡲ϱǣһְж£ֻ˸үΡ

ԳЦԼңٺ٣һֵ֮أ˵ȥ鿴Ǵ֪ģ
֪𣿡й¶ȥʱҪֻ©ȴҪʱ޲µͷӦţĽǸ


˶һۣԽعһֱæڽκȨǰһ͵͵ԽҹǱжձŲ֪Ϊ
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Ѫ˱ήҲѪ鸡һģͷЦӣǴɫ𣿡

Ѿתȣ˼°ɫɴ˿ۣɵϵ´ɫ԰㲣ȴԽԵöǡԽعżľ
⾰ѣһ漴ЦСүô

þòˡԳĿ룬ͳɳƣ˿ۡԽعǰشͼıһ̲ס
ϧ֮ġϷƵͳһ޴ʱʯЦ˵СλѣͷĴ
ӣڽùҫڡ˵ףСүΪͳָ飬Ҳһ仰¡


ˣԽǲϸֻ»ΪԽɹԭͱԣѴֱ쵽ˡԳ衰
һͷӦȴ㡣ԽعҰĲСƵƵͼλӵŽ̽ӴּԼ»
ѵĳ˶ṬߺһҪºúò顣

ԽعӸղסֺ󣬱ʼûзſָĦĻڡԳһֳ
أȴԽعסеЦСүյķȥˣôŤ

ţ㻹ҡ̾Ϣһ

Ҵ⣬軹𣿡ů縡дŻľζԽعü˿ǻ㻹Ҫ弸֡
ЩʧЦԭ¶ǰλع̫ӱݣԼ顣죬װϸɡ
׿պΪбǾУΪѣҲǻǰղɲ⡣װ¶ϲɫ˵ҵȻҲһض
Ṽⷬ⡣

ԽعЦˣǰ̲һ¶ţպҵСүŽҵľͺá

ԳԶȥıӰһ¹£ñɰүҶĻˡٵľǼٵģ档ڣ
ԳһѣȨˣݼɣԼҪǵùˣȥϷ˵Ҳһܺ͸졣

һЦλ̫ӿ湻󷽵ģӸղΪʲô˻Ե

費ֻʣԷأԽع档

ŵɫҰףͨһ򵹣˵ԭ㶼֪ˡԷͰ£һֱȴ
ѶϤ

Գ˵үʱ˵Լ·壬ߣԽطɡ㵽ܻһС
ĴǴ¡Ƴһ۹ڵϵ£˵£СôðϷү𣡡⵭һ仰з
ֻͷӣСɣ

أ

²ͷ˵ҽƤһֱԽعʱ͵͵ˡ

ܺãԳͷ˵ˡ

Ϥԣﷴµøҧ󣬡ӣС͸ĹɣԷ嵱Լ
ܵһ㣬֪ԳıоҲԼ飬һֻ뱣סԷ塣

˭˵үҪˣԳЦԼôܰ

ҪµˣԽعСҾΪСɣҡѲһ˵µ
ԣҪһһӣҪɱҪжУ֮ǲ뿪ӵģ

үҼȻ԰Խع⣬ΪʲôͲܰС壿£ԽԽͿˣԳ΢΢üģҪֵ
ĸ˶нģӵʧ͸

ӣ

ҪĻˣҵĹүͲҪˡԳĻ豭һЦ۲罭
꣬Ͳ̶ͷתɣԳΪ磬Ҫǳ˳ǣͱү顣

ûˡԷСһ𳤴󣬱Ϊֻ֪Է岻˵һֱšԽع
ͣͨ¥Լκº³Է͸Խع飬֪Գ辫ۼԽ
ԽԽУȥ̲סԷˡڿԳʵ֪ˣ˾ٷẦԷԽ
Խûڣڵϰؿ

һţһţֱȵ̫бһݵӰųҰ԰⡣ԷͷһһߵؽߵԳ
ǰ˵ӣһˡ

ôˣ

һȥĶԷ̧ͷֱһһٵػش𣬡ҵļңӲҪˣҲߣ

·ڵϣһ̲סֿԳһ䣬£Լȥǧ׮ҹһҶĲ㣡

µȳһߣæԷ壺ôģ

ҿߵſˣһһ룬ѵҾôˣҲ𣿲аԷЦ˵ҷŲӣ
ǻˡԸģӲôˡ

Ŷú£˵ҺԼͷ֪£һűûˡ

Գȥһ˯ϰҹ԰ֻԷ廹ֱͦͦعڵһ߹ȥСôأ


ӻûС壬С岻

֪Լ

С岻סӣûӡ

ͷȻԼԽ˵ݣһ˵ϰ߲ô׸ıģֻҪƽʱģͲѷ֡
ӰѺͷϣϲ׷ÿγʱȴԵñ˭ࡣүͰԽʱûʼĿѾ˳鱾һ
¿ȥ׾ʶġȰ½ǲ£ɵװװӣںˣүʲô²ģүֻ
ǵԼ˵ʵүʧˡ

Էͷ˵СˣǵӲˣӺݺ𷣰ɣ

С壬үôãѵүлֲһԽع𣿻˵үͲֵΣˣүҪ
㻹߰ɣⷬǳЦ˵Ȼɭɭһ˿תء

ǵģԷ弱æϥмԳ˵СԸһһ׷ӣԸΪκ£С֪ˣ
ӿˡ

㱾ԽĻӣһ̺˵Сʲôõġ

СһӲ뿪ӣˣԷ󼱡ȫΪİȫǣԭǺһ
⣬Ͳò뿪Գ衣ΣʱóͶ˸м֮ģԴ˼ҲظıˡԷĽ
ԳϵעҪĺֻ˫ϵһëΪԼһѾ֪ˡ

ԳؿԼµˣƺΪʵҪһүˣҲڣ

ԹڣԷն˵ĸ

ʮ

֮λѽӽȻӺˣӺֺ̰֮Ȼ཭
ʿɼҲ־ܡҺԪ˻ڽûо

ܵȴʱͻȻ˵ͣԼҪȥ̻԰йġϵؽ˴ӲµԪ֡˵»
ɴЭ̺ٳʻʵ۲þȨײСӦɻʳӵβŶԡϺһй壬ʦ
ΣлԼͷϡ

ԴϴιѰԳ赱Լͬ·ˣתϼȦʾ׽Ҳȥɡ
һӺˣԪţ˵Щذķϻ˲ĴκͻѪɢٵĸ࣬
޵һ³裬Ԫʹ顣Գһֱº͵Цţļˮ˫ͫעŵ滨שż
һ仰Ҳǲ̲ġԹ۵ԪͲסЩ黰ˣ̧ܵ԰ӥڨڨסڡԪ˭
ݣΩʮӰԼֵͬܣԪٳҲᶯŭ

λүԳšԷ˻ȥ·ҩʳǧ׮ôö׵ģǰ߸ߵļ̣ƾ
Ĺ򣬳ǼޣһҪԷųԸ棬˫ŷǷ˲ɡˣ˵òᡣ

ڴϣԷҩһƬƲʲôͲסöˣ

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һӾˣ

šԷϵĻͣȻֻһ֡

С壡οడʹġ

ºγԣԷ建̧ͷ¡

ǳһķ㵱Ϲӣ㣬ǲǰˣأ

ԷĬһＷһǡ

̾С壬Ǻãǲܰӵĸߵ죬Ƽ˭ʵģҪŮҲ
ͰˣƫƫǸжݣ

Էֱ׳ػشôˣҲʲôֻҪ߾ͺá£˵㲻ϲӡ

ҲϲµСȫ嵽һˣ˵ҲҰĽȥС壬Ҳֻõɵó˵
ֱ׳ǸˣҪȻҲ£ֿΪɫүߵĿС˱ضҪ
еʲôʵԳˣʲôûмֻʲôԼϣڳ߶꣬ѿ忴͸
ȻΣϸ¾ʹıǰ̣ɫǿˣ

Էø˰ƵģȻЦ˴һģ˵ҩˣ£ʹôУѺ
Ҫ˵Ļȥˡ

ԳӡԷײԪ衡Ԫ衸ǰס˵׻Ҽˡ

ºãϹϾضֹض˵΢ˡ˵˦־ߡ

Ԫ衼ˣæ˵費Ҫߣ¹ȻȫҵĴҲΪԪڸĿգұضΪֻظ


ԳЩ֮ŲͣסˡԪΪˣȴ֪󡣡Ԫ䡪Цн죬ֻ
ڽмţҪûˣҲһǴˣһ˵ô࣬Ծʧԣ
Ҫȥɡ

Գ蹪ͣϻʹ͵ȭ΢ءӺԪ衵Ļľﲻס㣬Ԫ
˼ֻ¾⼸죬ֻӺڴʲôأ˵Ҫˡ

ļ죬ȴһķ紵ݶûСԳԲӦ䣬°зƲһ仯
ԽعּЩ֡ԽװǱ뾩ǣɴ˿бʣٲλع̫ӵķݡ

áԪһĽϻһһ֧䣬ڴһ̺Ĵ
˰֡ԳϸϸһϴڴżСһ謡֣徢һˡԪһƬֽ
˼ǺѲ£ǽջְɡ̾ϢѶԷ˵ú

һյĹ󣬶ӽʹˡ˵߻Ԫ·żз纮գ¸ǲܻؾ
Цʱ򣬺ããã

Ȼ仵ˣۿžһꡣԳ˹رմţȫլԼԼ
档Է嵽ѲһȦ󣬻󣬲ʱЩ衣һ̫ʷԳ֪
ðˣְֳ˵˵ѾЪˣ֮Թ

Ȼ̴ǰӺСү

Գһźӣ˵ʵ۱뾩ҹãǴȥ˿ֱڸٽҲ١


תͷԷ壬ֳһĨЦݡһЦݶǣԷһ𵴵졣Ϻڰʤѷ֣
˵ãһͣҹڴů紦ȴһһͰ͵ȥΡүɲɵ
ȥ˯ˡ

Գõŵ£һ˯ޱȡֻһҹ䣬ɫ˷ǡңûʵ۲ڣı
Ṭδ죬ΪӺνͳɴ·ηԾ߰˶һɥȪ
ҴССʮˣԼŽԱԸ֮ѺЩȨµĹӵܷ׷
ͷǾޱ벻ݣʦ

ܵ۵ʰо֡Ԫ謴²˼¡˴Ԫ衣ȴⲻ֮
ٱԪԪΪˡسҲΪٵЩʹ͡ʵһҹӣµĲ޹й
λϴ˵ƤЩҲסˡ֮ҡʹ˽ᣬֻǳһͷ

ԪԪһ󱻱ᣬĹǰʯٸͰ֡Գ谵дԷȥϼΪģֻΪ
Ĺꡣ˲֪ȴġҹõϢ˵ӺṬǧѽšΪԪ
ܵʵ۲¼ɣֵų⣬ӺܲùͲסҪðһƴóƵˣȥ˴ûɴ
̽ԪױһȥԼ׾˾˾ҪָӽٸϵΪԮϧȴ֪һжӺ
ع̫µ塣

¸ϵʱ;βͷڿյһҲûУŵý˺£
͸һɱ֪ãУˣδ䣬桰ˡһ죬žǧբɲǼ
ܳǽϣվ֣鹭ңƴԪΣңһ֣ĸΧһȦԼֳڵġ
һ۸ߺͳ˾ң׼ڴˣֵǣΪ飬ǰ

Ԫ˾ɫ䡣Ԫ𳤽ָͻΧȵү

ǽһͷڣһֱվʱȻ֣ż

Ԫӽ֧ļ𣬽Ԫߵȴ¡վѳ֮һɫѩ׵Ԫ
ͻ£˫ַȥǧբԪԳբȴ˿߲ҽԽԽ࣬ΧԪߵҲһɧ
ʶܿբֵ˱ضѪһȫբӲ̧һ߰롣£ϥ
أü翹סٷբָָ֨֨ͣ˰ߡԪУ磬ߣ

ĸ֮קբԪæлͷС

ԪһţѪӿǻӿ૵˵һ䣬̫ˡ֣˵բ䣬Ӷϳ롣

ԪУʹˣ֪ԪûȨ˼λ֮սΪ硣ĸһ
СӤŵʱҪһһúûɰСһתۣС򳤳˸ߴ͵ӺҪػ
ˣһֱĬĬıΪһ˲εѻɢССػԪȥסԼ
ܵܰѪ⣬ͻȻЦ

ͷˣذüƣհ̫ȥԼƽȥˡΪȨɱˣԵ·ߴӲ
ձɱͷʹʧֵܡӦӦԪЦнųѪˮȻʰһѳ׼
һĨԪ򹲸ȪºʬķֲˣֻýͬԪʬһᡣ

Գа̾鰡Ӻܵ۵Ĳ¼֮ġǰһӣѹԪ衣źšԪ衲
ʧܣضҪƴһϼ޻ĻʵʱͻȻ뾩ģǰѾǵ̨͵˼ҰĲĶǰ
Ž֣֮µĴӣȴȻԪƣɵܵΪȶ٣ֻȽ
ӺӺأΪԱ֣һٲԼľֺƱȨ·ԽԽԶ

׷Զһ֦˷ǰƼ֮Ű£δڷչݷҪȥһ㡣Ԫ謱
һҲһط˲໰Զ΢΢һЦһѾڲˡ

ʮһ

죬߹ؼֽ֮ײ㣬ʮֱܴ󽫾صŹءֻʿ䣬ټ
߹ɵıҲʮˣѲڰϣܵʵսΣλ䣬˭Ըǰ߹أ
ǿУ

һʱը˹ӺƼ¿״Ԫɣϼλɴ󳼱Ͻɽܵһﶨᣬ
ɽΪ˧ɨ󽫾Ϊ˧ͬ򣬳Ԯ߹ءƹܻǮ֧ǰս¡

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ֹ֬һԡ³͵ȳԳһԷȡԶɫ
֬ں֨֨ð͵ĿҰ⣬⻹һЩµĽСˡˮ磬ԪĿζҲƫһЩһ
Ե㣬ĳӴ͡

ҹԪûи뿪˼ԳҲƵˮºȾơˡ족Ԫ
µһ˳µһƵġ졯ôҺȴƷĺ

ԳЦЦ⡰족ǰ𣬵ڣֻʣƿѡ족֮
ƽ棬ͬնһ籡ȻԪ⡰һˡΪԼһͷ£Ũ
˼ľԼθӶǧ쳾׷ţֹݣмƵĺ塪족쳾
Ϊ֮

Ԫ⿴пϵԳ裬ƽ֮Уֹ֮ûһƥеġˣ÷ǣ
䣬˲ҿ糤Ļɫ㡣ĿĵġֵܼĻλ֮սѵҪͷܵ۶Դӵķ֮
ҲĿáʱҴҪʵʵĶΪԼһλá˶λСүѧȴ
ıֻԼҲڼзˡ

Ԫ֪ԳĻǸΣ˼ڿڵԭʹ˹ǸλԶԶҪǵİ޾
ټ֯һ˲ѡԳļƷҪʲôûУĳ⣬ֻΩһ֡
黹ҪڲͬĶǲС

綨ƱԳ˵ǸҪӡҽ軨׷𣬾һԭһֱȵؽԳ
磬ʱȴȻĿˡ

ԳʵôȻˣ

費ǵˣԪԳʧɫЦҪȸⱭ˵

˶һԪ־һȥ˲١Ƽ񣬺೤ԳϺ۽Ǵһ˿ɰ
ԾԪüĿϸһɽˮĿ㣬ԶŨԪһЦϱֳһ˫ľѣ˿
ĿıЦݣ·Щۻڹţѿ˹Գæ
ַסԪ⿩ЦţգҪ顣

ԳʵģйĿı죬ȴʼռǲסЩ£ÿԼҪѡ

գʲôҪ棬ǰÿĸΪġ⹬ûУҾūȥ
ҿҲ֪ϧǮƣġˡԪ͵͵

³ȻǼǵõġʱȥԪ˵ӻʵ׵λū͡
һҹԳ͵͵ܵ幬ȥڴԪ⡣ССĺվϺ죬ˮӽг
ǰԼ游ѾȥʱҲȫѹᣬбСȥ

ԳʱߣһơӣдҲʾϻʺ̫˲ܶҷǸ
ʲôҴ

Сү̫ͷ⣬費ŵùġԪ⿴ʼһ䱸˺ð죬شӶԷ
ܵάԼСͷǺ죬۾Ҳһˮڱ죬ڳ軳ۡһ˳Ҳ
֪˶ί˷йĻᣬҪ޸ʹɣССԪֻĳ軳
һ޿˴ҹѳǰ½󶼾ʪ͸ˡֹסȴʱʱسҭ£۵Լ
˵Сޣ˵ĿǴӴ˱˾ҪԪ⡣

Գ۹⸴ӣסԷ˫ֲ֪ʲôʱ§ӰһãԵƣʱ
죬Ҷˡ

Ԫ΢΢һ˵ҪǿԣԸԶʹǰһ⵹ĻĸŵĻԳ費ΪǸζ
ӽĻЩ

Գֺγǣ̾Ϣһˣ΢͵»ظɡ

Ԫһǻݣһ׺񣬴ǰԾӳ¡һ΢ֵζ˿
ҧ촽ƫͷû費Ҫߣ졫Ҫ˵ţ۾Ѿʪˡ

ԳĿ쳣תͻشԶʧȥɫ˫ûɿ§øЩԪⶢסֿ
ΪԼҪһαԼҲһιԼҪװǰʵڲǼ¡ԸϬӻ
һ̶ˮû㣬ø߰Ϊ㵲꣬ټòƷشȥһױ
ǡԪⲻԸȥȻסĴһ£ԼҲסˡԳĴģһ˿
㣬ζϵĺãӦƲ

һȦϵȻ˳ȥǲףҲǲԸ⣬ֻҪһԸδ̫Լ
оʹȴȻǵЦݣˡ

Ԫ۽ᣬǿЦ𣿡

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˾ͷ˵ΪҲһװȥˡԼ룬Լҵѵʮ갵оػܵõĻر
Ĳ𣿴˱˹ǿ¶ѹѹº͵˵˵ˣҹ
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ԪҡͷȻûͷûԵ˵˾䣬˵ʹ

ʲôһ㶡

˵ʹǰ˵ӺʹЩˡĸˡԪħʰ㷴˵ǣЩ
ִ˵Ѳ֣һѰѵСԳϣѪܵۡ

ʱҾͶ׵Ĵ£ԭŻġԪȻһЦ

ԭ㶼֪ġһ߸֣ȴ̩ɽأһһֵذ³ƬѺľȫԭԪ֪
һУԳ費˵ˣ˵ûпЩ飬ҲûԪ˵ʵϣԪԶ֪
һָͷԳ費⹹ݵĻ֣ҲǸ߸ϵıߣƫƫĻޣǱ
ߵλ˿ðǣһָͷɾеԹעҪġǿЦֿ

Ԫʱ棬˵Һ㣬׺ףǰװҲԼԼܣΪҪȥ
ΪҪԩȻһֵĶݡ

Գͫһ£ɫһİסԪذ״һһ£ųؿڣ
һ֣֮ΪĸгˡһԪⷢйһƤʹԶϵʹɱ
ˣɥ˸࣬ȴͬһˣԨĿˡԴˣǵĺͯʱʶ˹͢е
Ѫȷ磬ҲһŪȨıĸ֡

֪ʲôʱԪͣ˶ʼԳбȻΪһ£ǰͳԪ
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ҲȾѪҲã˵Һ㣡ҲҪ֪Ȼ㺦ףʮȴΨһĴҺõˡ

ҧһˣЦԳ裡Ѿ¶˱ԣ㻹Ҫװʲôʱ㲻һֱϲǾɣ

Գһݼã̫ˣΪһѪᡣϷݵϣ԰ʦҲø
·˰ɡٵĸ֣Ϊ֮߷棬ּ٣λҽǣ޼Ѱ֪Ǽٵģ
Ȼʵţ˸жѡ

ԪΪɴһ˺ԼӵܱõһϸƤŮһҪۻ֡˵㵽
׹

Գ跭˷ۣҪԼ˵׳ţλǿţѾӭȥ˫۱
һ˫ߣ޹˼ɡΪ˱ΪԱѹˣ̼һʱָ˱ԡʵ쳾ɱ
͸ƾ顢顢顢飬̶ʮأһ˲䣬ôֵ

ʱɫȫ¹ˮкأӳˮ翲˼䡣ů縡Ҷһɲɲ죬żֺ
ζԪ٣δùӲ΢΢ɫѿȴ̲˵һ䣬Գ裬Ҫúüǵýյ
£ǡ

ǺĵˣԱ˺ݣԼݡԳ迴˵ģ飬һԡ룬
ĶʼղͣƬָ̼ѹԪĽءΧȫΪĽ϶˱ס޳ָ

ԪһʹѵǼٵģǼٵģֻʹȴеġԳһǰһǰСܴ
ůʪ󣬶ջԪҧǿ̣ˮߵ«έһ㣬ڷɪɪϱҧÿһʹ
飬ƺʹ࣬ԼĿ⡣ĳѹֶһš

Ū˰Ҳɳڣֱֻ֬ͣúһڡ족⻺ʪܴ㣬㵽˹
ԪⲻУһԳ˻ͷס⣬ļһָԪⱻ̼û׹أһ
ͷڷɢĵѩ׵ı⻬

ԳϿֵĵ߷塣Ԫɬţͷųһְǡָܴ΢΢ɪţ
̽պϡ֪Ѿˣ㽫ƿʣġ족㵹ԪıϣԪ⡰һһŹ
žˮһ롣

Գ裡Գ裡ԪⲻϺֻ֣ܿԵľʹʹ˺壬ͬʱҲԵ
оͷӵȫ

һһµسǿӲޱȣϧ·ԼѡģպʲôҲӦõģҲ飬
ء

Ԫ˫սȭͷס벽ˡķʽ˶ϣõĽ֣һУҲһʧ
ûδûС

˵Ļ쳣һɺݾζѰɫ˴˶ݺݾ尾ţʮ˲ܵý
 ϵòġ족ӿʱƮʮò

ʮ

ɽӡΪƽϵ֮١뺣ɽΪشȣɶ˧мӣ˵ϾϺ
ദǢУǧϵ߹أһʹһСʤ̡Գһ߳Էһ¶սµ
˻ûȬṦѣŹҲܽɡⲽ壬Ѿ˺þáС֮Ĺϵ
ٱӱֲɫҪͶ£лձȨ

ǰԷŴױоѡˣԼһƵɹ߹ءܴ󽫾
ʿ仹ԶԶȥΪرһ󽫣һһҪӮ

ԷȻûʧɶյļƲߣнıȷ˸Ȼ˺ܴĲȡ˼̬
ִͻŹظǽ֮ڣɽصԳҪĽϣͱġҵע
ȫڱ߹սϣźʩչֽţЩʹ֪ŪȨĶ

󣬽Է˵˷Ž÷֦ˮӡؼϣһдСģΪͲаˡ
ֻ򡣡УӾòһֱꡣ

ԳЦ˴˵ҹصȻ˱йɫ۳šԷɸƽԼ
ֻȸ󷽵ĳͣȻܵİһ¶Ӯý´Ǯ٬ؿ첽Ӱ¥


ڵһ§ס˵ϣ·ѣҪڵŤԳȥ
ǰ⣬ССͻܿӲŤ㿪ָ豻ģʧЦһ
εذסһֻȥĦȣʱָᵯ·ķ鶯͵ַסԳֶŪһ
ʼ⡣ĦСѨΧϸµļսһһߡ迴Ƥѷɫ֪ˮˣ
תͷȥ

ǳ󷽣·ڱ֮ϣɶԷḧѩ׽۵ļСС⣬ԳƵ
һ²ͣǡ谮ȣ޲ܶһ˫ֳȻһ⡣ɺã
ϡ

˱跽һŪֱͦԳסķյߣ㣬֪ȤذԼ˫
ܵܵѿס͵䴽ߣȴ⡣Ц⣬ָŻİСѨ
һµ˱䱻¼йǼ֣΢΢κҲԹԵſںסķ

ݶ컣ḧɬڣǷۺɫСѨ΢΢ɪһַֻסӱ󻺻룬ʼ壬һ
̲ȥį͵Ļо

䱻ŪûģȴԼ˫µпԣֻܺߺ߼ΪԼ
ӱֺֻп಻أɡڴһģúܣɳڲȴ
ϲЩ漼ɡӼΪһŪŷķһֽŲƹȥڳ䣬Ϊˡ

Գ豻ò쳣˷ܣɾ͸ˡʹǻ䣬ƫִʹ˵ޱ޼ʡ߳һһ
ΣΪԼҪ˵ʱϵͣһ̲ˮķ䣬˸

ţȴвѣ԰ŵ̬ȥӭӳԳֻֻ˵ꡣ
ϸãҲİɬ͸֮ʱϷŪһ¿ĵܵܡƾܡ˵ħ
ƣȴܿ־¸顣ڷ䲻ʱʻ߾УԳսĿǵá

ϹŷƵаЦݣмԵңϷŪԼܶ˹
ȥͷôȴЦӯӯΪ֦һſСĵȥ£ͽ

ԳЦ˵𣬾ǲ֪֦𣬻¶С𣿡

ıȵСү𡣡ЦֲݣֻȴȫڷϵġסһЦҲŤ
ȥˡԳãǷϣһСĴָָ׹βµĺ룬һ˵׸磬һ
𣿡

˵Գ豻Ūˣ׽סƤС־һڡ

󣬡Һͷ䵱⣬һЩҵþǺõٶ´ٿΡ˵
Ҫɹʮоɢ͵ȥΪټЧֻϧû·Ǿҵ׸磬㿴

˵ĿѾʱһ۽ǣǳģľܾԳһظ˵С
£ȥͬ˽һͺã

ǿɶлˣ´Ҳǲˣ³ˣضǰߵлСүĴ¡˵塣
ȴͷβûгҲͣлл

ԳӽԷʱǵڶ磬һ¾£ȥõĵϸڴ˸
аЦȻ¶İ취뵽ˣش˴ʾҪڱصá

صһžͱ˵үŻԶѿһͷڣۣ
ԹʤлơԳֽһ޳֮ͽȻˡӺԪҲæ
ڨڨ˵ˡ

ºãɶϹϾٹض˵΢ˡ˵һ˦֡

裬񣡡Թʤڳһ磬ȥȥл

Գ蹣Ųӣĥĥ߹ȥ¹ȫСƢǰѷıŤѧ˸ʮ㡣Ԫ衸ϽԹ
ʤ˵˹Թ裬衶Լûȴкٹ

Թʤͷѵһˣ񲻼ãг㵽԰䣬һԸ緹


Ԫ衴ϲл˹ʹ͡

ԳŸײԪԼ԰ϹתԪһ䣬һȻ˵ʱ¿ɲЩ
źȥСǳèӣźء

Ԫ衿һһ񣬾ӷ緶һղ ֵǰ˸챩ӣǸӴ˾˸ҽ
ˣҪϲûȥ·ҲСԳǱзʻԪ衶µò˵ˡ

Ԫ衰̾ʺճĳӣӸЩֻбֺģȥֺñ˵ο
˻顣

һʮ꣬¶ֵ͡ӣˣ޵ϲˣȥժЩ͸ʺߴӣ
£ٵĻӾľô֦С̫͹ŮŴײ¶ӡ

õʱһ£ϺȻ¸Сҿϰգæӵȥӣһ۵кӾ
ĻԪ衱ǺŵòᣬȰȫס˲Ŷ⺢ӽ۽ڣﺬŰӣң˯
һļҲûСԪ衷гĽëپµˣһɰĵ㾦һʡȻ
СȴƯþˣ﷭ȥֻСˡ֡йŮϵЦ̫ҵֻҰӣȻ
ž˯ˣҲµˤ

ÿÿ𵱳ܻһжעġԪ衳󲻵Ȣò檣гҲ٣
˭пȱһӣ˶һгĶΨһĽҩǰֹǰ
˵裬ҵ˼Ѿ֪ˡԼз磬˹ЩĲסҽһ仰
ʲôԪ֮ǻˣֻ㲻Ҫܾ

ԳϺʵ֮ҡ󣬻ʵӺԸ֮ĽˡܵĲأ
Ϸô꣬ԺҲϲı䡣ֻµگʲôģɱжԱԼҵĽɽ겻Ԫ
ʾãǸԼһһ·ߡ˵ԳҪ֪ȤӦͶϣպˣܱסٻ
һϿҵĴӣЦôƶԼҳҲû·ߣ룬ϵıȴǼ
ίԪΪ˵Ͻȥס֣ǰҴˣǺޣԺٲί㡣

Գһ񺮣̲סмҲвòɫʱ涪˶Ѽҡ˼ڶ
ϷüŬŬ죬ǿǿ˵ͷֻȴμθ֭³һԪ衴ϲʱ
§סͷԳ費òóȫĿѹסһͷ

ʮ

²ϢǳҪǺùȻǱֵܾݵ㡣ǳ´ٲǱˣǱ̫ҽϺеٮٮߣ
һ֣뱱ֻҵĹϵȴзǳλʺһʱؽύһֱ
ҪҡɼֻʵΪ˴˴֣˺ôıǮ

Գڳ˴죬ˮһһ磬Ҳϴһһ飬λӻǲ⡣֪ΪӺԪ衵
ëֻøɵšҺöŽеιСڣҪϴʲôʱ򰡣һϺƤӶˣ
ϳ¹ֻСŹνСŹߣɳƤҲ

Գٵɣݺݵصɣڿϴˮˡ

ݹһܣ˵Էӥʮ𼱣쿴ɡ

򿪣ıһЦæʣӣʲô¸ˣ

ɽöشѲ£ϱ˧һְĿǰɴ񡣡

ãôչȭš

Գȴ˵˧Σֱض˻͹붥סһֲܽ˳µؼΪ˧£֪ͨ
ڱ߹صˣɴ̿Ǳ뱱־Ӫɱ죬Ϊȡһʱ䡣

ǣ

ñ˵취֪ͨʹ£Ҫ֪үڲ֡

ǣ

ɽһؾͲȫֱ֧ߵսˣԼҪȱһЩ

ǣ

ү׼Ļ𣿡

ˡ

Ѻˣ͵ԷΪ⼸ŻڼǮٺ٣С尡С壡
Ҫүʧ

Գ⼸æ㲻մأƫƫϻװޱȣʱʱȥ¥¶Ϣʮоɢ
¶³ȫ˷ɽ˻غҽִ˻͹Źأȴκ
ŻϬƴסһ䲻ʤΣͷֿȦɵ㡣ܵοһ˧
λȴȻţֻݴ

һԳ˵ſ㰧ߣ˵ó´Ǳݺģ
ּϸ󳤸һԳ費ֻ䣬ƽʱƤЦˣƵ죬ڡ
ͨһ£˵Ƕ㲻һֱ㡣ȷʵȹֵСүٰһΡ

үǲأ

ҧƴѡ

ܺã˵˵ʵүɵӡղſ˵ʱɫѱˣʱǲ԰
ֽ

Գ룬ǳһڣ˵һǵþҶ֥

һΣʵ˵ԭʲô֪ˣֵ޴˶

¶ǻǺӣıȨͲֵ¡رȥɣү뿴
ȴһ˿ءʱȻ԰˻ˮʱҲһͽ㶳ɱ
㣬ȻҲˡ

лѣǲҲӡҼѼ£ƺҲˡƽʱ
浽ΣͷܵܵıȽϱסЩֵαĹֵǿˣֵ
ڷ

Գײˣ󰡡

Ҳ£ͷ˵ֵܱ˼ҵūŰʮһˣǹǡΪ
СүԮҲҷҲۿŶɥֵܶƴȥ˰˼Ҿˡ


Ц˵ֻҪؿþҶ֥ˣүͰյƽ¡

һۣҶ֥ⶾԳҪѵΪ׵޽ľ޶ͨ
ͬ˵Ҷ֥ұ֮һĲϳ¿УСүҪʧ
ԡ

ԳһЦ˲Ϳ͡Σֻǡߵſڣǵѱʶ
վߣɡ

ˣּʵҪټԳ衣ܹܵ߹ս½ţô

ԳͷƤΪѵ˵ٶɼȥһ΢ܿԴӮɡ

ܵ۴ЦֲоСȺܣ˵Ц޾ȥɣ

ͨһԳŵɫ԰ףڵءܵһЦߵĴ̫¸ϽȥСүЦ
áظһ˵ٷ΢ˣԭԭǺ΢Цġ

ܵЦ˵ˣŻˣŻˣ̫Ҫ޼ˡ

ԳϽֹ¿ͷ˵½ԣ˵΢ǰߵģ⻰Ҫ

㻹ʧ𣿹ܵ۸еһ󳩿졣̲סҪϷŪһԳ裬״ˤԼ
£ﾹȻ˵⡣֪ΪЩȤʧ˾棬ԼҵĻȨ֮£ܳ
һڵܵԼҶûвЩ̫ɫˣɫֻ֪Լң֪ʵۡΪ
Ļʵ۵겻֪ˤ˶ٹŶ裬ֱʣԼˡ

ԼΪ֪ĺܵáкóᣬչԳһһϸ˵ҲȢˣ
Ļ񣬶Щҹ㡣˺ֻ˵޺̫Ϊ

ԳϽлЩСݻʣòͬȴһͬ㣬ڳΪ֮˶ǻʵεĵϵ۾
Żȴǻʵ۵ײԼң밲˸ָܹһŻЦ˵ūҵǧ
òʤһ

ܵҲЦصͷ˵СвӦǳ䡣

ôˡǵʵ۴ӿƾһĵϵܵҪһΪǣԼңһĿľΪ˾
ϴӵԼȨƵͷԳ羵ȴһж¡ӹﷵأ·ջһ룬ͼ
Ӻˡ

ԳŭһֱͣĻò˻ˡȳ˵Ҳڡ

˻ֵ̿ػش𣺡ͬĻлʺ

ԳӺȴܶйʺֻٴװʺ޾ȣЦϲһ
㺹աӺԣ䴩һˬ˿ۣǶȴϸԪ￴ڴһʺĹŮ̫һ
վ⣬һ˸ڲ࣬Ѳµ⡣ӵ󣬽в˻ʵۡܵ۽պȻ
ˣѹڳϳҪ̫ʦȨӵȻסˡ뵱궦ʢʱڵԼһޣ
㡣ԼҺôһλ¸صĻ̫ڣ̺ڱϾɱˣضȫ帲

ǰݵЦض񡣰һֱиʣóȻСүΪҽ󡣡

Գ蹪ƲҡԪ衵ֱվ߼òĵʣһλŸƴҵģʵ۱
µδã

һݣ˶˵ȴ뾹һֻϧΪŮӣһԾʩչʺûж
ֱͣһ仰ʹԼҵѨϡһ֢ҩԳ֪޿ɻرܣһҧشҪ
ˣַⲻãͲãӱⲻãǾֻô´κɱ¡

ЦСүȻϻ۹ˡľַشߣǡסͷתԼĶʣ衶˵δá


˾аǳ˲ԵúΪЧף̫֮ѣΪϧӺ
ش

ã˵úܺãʺͷ˵Сү岻ʣҴЩ̲ҩСүء

Գ̧ͷһЦ룺Ǹˣװʮ꣬ڲȥ𣿺ãǾͲװˣܵƵƵ
ԪΪԱƱطʺȻѰԳҲɻ䡣һ䡰ƾʺʹͬʽˡ

߿˺ʣǴô֣

ΪΪ棬ֻ¶ɱһ;⡫Ҫһ򡣡

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һ˫񣿡

ơԳп벻ʺȻǸԵˣΪ˶Ӻ͸֣ϧգʵ۷

ƾܳ𣿻ʵڷˡʡ

үİУֻϧΪ˻ȡɵ£ԼҲˡԳ˵ԼȥɣүҪ
һؽ̫

ʮ

ǰաһ죬˽ԭϻˡ˷糾ִ̼ͣ磬
ɫҩȾƣ˰ֺϸƻϲǱǽԷǵͷƹӡ

ߵס±ϵİһƶнһСƬɫ״
֥СҶ˵Ҷ֥ɽٶÿһҶһʱȥҶǰ̫
ʹһҶȥͥ߶һҶһ˵ⱦϣСүؾ

Գ΢΢пѹ˶˵˽ܣȻ顣Ϊһ£رܵ
ϣر𡣴ʱĳͱֱٲ̵˵ˡ䲻ҷߵ׿󣺡С
үȫ

İɣ˵պ󣬱óڶȺԻ˰ѻһ

ٰݣͷŹ¡

ЦصĴ󷽵ĺš

ûһЩػʲô£Գ˵£ȥ׼һ£Ǳһ˰нӦ

ǣ

ҲЩҪģԳʱˡ

Գ̫̫󳤾ܵۼλһ£ڣһҲס̫
ţʹȻÿսϰߡһͥԺ轣һһƻءƣæšֽݹȥ̫
񽣣ӹöͷϵϸңߵǰǺȱЦת飬ñĿ
ˣԼɡ

Գ蹪°ݣһάơ̫̾ϢͷҲԣֻ˵֣ȥɡˣʱŲ
Ƚɡ

պ󣬹Ϣܵ۸Ⱦ纮糯ͣˡͻȻٹ𾪣ּϸӴ
£ûڳ̫ĲԳһЦ̫ʦڽؽѰɫζɱ˶ҩ
跨׼õġϡǡһʧҩȻɴĶˡܵ۷纮֢֮תأ
Ѫ̫ҽԺٱȴҩʯЧڷ궯о㶼̻̲

ʵСж£ｹѰǰһһİںϢЩ㼱һ
¡ڣе΢΢ְ˼ͷһֵȺ졣

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ְ˽Űܵ۷šܵ۴˿ֻѣһһʮֲԡԭЩʣ𷽲³Ѫд
ϣһ˿ζʱð亹ǻҡֹڹˣȥ£¡

ңսսشսܵס۾ѹʣǡϡ㻹𣿡

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ɣ

ܵŭȻǣʹ𡣡ŭǣ壬۵һѪ³´󺧣æ˿Ϊáܵһ
֣ȵ˵

²شѵˣūӱáϡùһغ󣬾͵Ż潫ʣµĶȫˡ

ܵۿһ۶òӵĺ£ȻȥϡǱֵĻҩɫζ޽⣬Ѫ¶
ܼǱֻڰɱʥƷΪ˲¶ۼسԼϴ󣬱ǧټƴӱôҩеľ
⡰޽⡱֡˶Ǳ֮أʹ˷֣ҲɽƵйͷϡºΪСģѽʣҩȥ
Լϵ֢״Ȼ廪һģһѡԭ֪⣬ܵ׷ʾ£һת
еĹؼʱʧɫʵϣϣѡѵ

ܵۻͷķ֣ʣˡϡȷɡϵ˿ٺ٣Ӧÿ찡
һḁ̇̄һҪˡܵ˵ӲϣֵԼͲôˡ˫ȭ
˾ģԺ˵һּΪһ˱֣أԸ֮ػľҶ֥

ʱ˵һʡ֮أվͳðɾһ亹߶
µؿͷ¡ֽ칤׼һУ˰ĸװܹǰߣžС̫̫
С

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ĸֲܸ֮ŽЩŶ¶˳߶ǹѪףǺã

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̫͡󷴸棬ڷƽ飬һװڽ¡˵͵ȥȻס

ʵ۵Ѫ֢ԽԽ̫ҽ޲ߣ͵ĻʰȥˡĲѪҩˮͽʹϧ˿Ч


Գ壬˱鷿̡кڰ׶ɱңݡ൱һʱҲѷʤ
עĿ֣ºȫһֱⲫȡʤͱֲսȦӣ۴֡΢һ
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˵ˣʵķ磬ֳһ˵ʵ顣ԳԪ誴˾ֱذɡǲ
ֵ֮£˳ܣǸĽɫΨһǰٰӡԪ誺òڱ߽һӣ
Գһ»Ӧٶ˼˼̾һ䡣̾Ϣһķڷ
ʤ̫ࡣ

ԳЦѣ¹ˡ

գѪֹڹȥ밲ɻǱܾˡԪ˵ʵ⡣

šԳĵӦһϲţֻ鲻

뾩գ֪ʲôȥˡԪ˵

ǳȥɢ˰ɡԳٴη¡

Ԫ誼βڼˣ裬㲻ԸңҪΪԼһ°ɡʺʹۿ
ˣһͷֻЩСС㶼Ҫŵùġ

¶ˣ̫ӺͱֻеĽѣڴˡԳʰһ棬ȻǷƵ
ģ

裡裡Һ¡ĺˡԪ誽ץסԷ֣Ȼ϶ˣϰҲˣ񸸻ʶ
ԱҡҸô죿

ԳĿ򴽲Ԫ˵ȥֹˣĸңջʺ˴̫ȥʻܾ
ʳѰѿʼжˣԳ֪ȻһʡӺͼԣԪ誵༯ڽһԶˮ
ʡ֪ͷѹ˲үϣһӹڵأ󳤸ң

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η塣εĿ簵ҹɭһ׸˺£ΪԶҲ²͸ҪʲᣬԶҲ
֪֮ʲô޾޹֣аûڣǰôϹۣһɲƲͯӣҺãҺûð

Գץһӣַãϸߵʹ䣬ɽˮԪ課⣬ϸûȻ򣬡ɽ

ԳԲ˵ȴչشһšϲƵɽͻأ̫ʮҪɽ
ʯͷǣǣͱ֮ϣǽϵʯݳɣβơдƬغļķḻˮԴΧɽ´Ҳ
ɸټƣЩһԳڼصڡ棬˿Ա

Ԫ誼ѣٴιߵллָ㣡

Ǻ󣬵ʥԽϽ＾֣ǰȥ콭ܵ׼ࡣԪΪܻʹһ
ææ뾩ӺһִôٲһԶϣɵú߳¹һҲֻ
ˡ

һգ·ûϴˢ糾ֱܵ޹ͶſڵϷޣϣֻʵ۱˵ˣ֮Ҫ
ֻϧǾҶ֥ѱˡܵ۲أ⻰ʱתһѪ²֪ʵ۲Σٹ
ԳǿþҶ֥ϵƬСҶЦûĪ

ʮ

ܵ۲ò£ҽ޹ڣæøҵƵģʵ˭֪ܵۼŭģǰ
졣ʵ΢˲β˵,ȥʺ

򵹣ȫߵݡܵ۽Ҷȥۺ˵ԡ˵޲޷ӳӺΪ̫Ӵ԰
񣬻ʺΡ

Ǭٶϣ´ˣ֪ŮҹʹҴ¡ˡڴǰػ


ܵ̾Ϣͯڹ޴ĸˣЩҲΪѵģϺ⡰ϡΪ
̴һϣǾҶ֥ڻʺУôͷλԼ

ʵ۹ϵսţۺδԡͷһ뵽Լ᧿ΣĶӺ͸ָӲþӹ
У鷭Ҳþ֪࣬νֻ˵µͷһôǹ˳طؿڳƲңȴ̬ܵⷬ
ҽͣǴһµˡܵ۰ٰ̽ϧҶ֥֮»ʺȷʵ֪˼Ҳײ仰
ֻա

ڶ죬ʵ۱ϳ׿ڴ˼گּӺԪΪ̫ӣݴ޷ϳĻʵ۴׼ʹöӡ
ʵۼӸЧ⣬ʵ̫ȫȨôһʯǧˣӵȻ裬֮϶ȴ
ҡʵԹۣ룬Ԫ衣㰮ɷλȨأȴ֪˼׷ĿԴɡ

Ԫⲻ¶ɫȹ¶Դߵľ񣬹õ֮λ³󣬻һرװһ˳СŶ
ȦӣŴӺŽԳںߵЩʳˮнԪദ꣬Ƣԣ
Խ£Խǵ硣ǷŲ߹ȥ˵裬ˡ

Գ֣̯ƣɫҩ衣˵һһţӰ֮þҶ֥СҶݳˮټ
ѩΡӵҩƳɣֻʱƶԣȴܽ⡰ϡ֮ˣؽ¶ɽˮССҩ
ϵһλҲϵպ˭ǻΪʣʵ̫ҪˡԪֱϹǽڼⶼ΢΢ţָⴥҩʱһȫ
˿ץ

΢ЦԪһҲ£ҲƮ£޵ÿ

һƲòЦң˭ܺÿ㣿˵ڽڳһǣЦ޺

飬綨Գ迴ǰˣ룬ʲôǼٵģֻ¸Χ⣬޴֮ʱұ˴˵Ļϲȴ
ġйעԪʮ꣬ĸԶԼеĻҪŶԷװģǰϷǹߵ
Ӳһ˿˿ѣʹѵǸǿˣӲѻǳ˸ֳһʹ࣬һ
˵£ǰ;ѣһСġ

գԪȥСɽŷ³իСɽشƫƧ·С˶鷳˶һͬǰԪ
ҲֻЯһͯӡһ˴죬ԶԶһСӳ֮Сﻨ㣬ǲ֪Ļݣ
ŲɵýĽǸԴĺõطʣôҵȥģ

Ԫ謻࣬һ·Ҳ˵˼֣ʣ˾䣬ʱߣż֡Գ̾Ϣ֪һǣ
ԸΪ飬ԲŻڼįɽǻҪɽ봩һƬ֡һ΢Ѫ
ӰƬС֣ȻԵɱءԪԳ貢Уԣһǰһ˲䣬⽣Ӱ
˾ŸԪ謳ЯʮĵȹȣҲγԳͯӻڵС

һϻûУֱ֡书ǿԪҲ֣пǿ֧š˫˼أ˶
ˡȺ̿ҪԸԪ謣жΧߵģþһֻ֣˸ȥ֧Ԯ
Գվڻսģûһ˳ֹͯөһֱԪ謡˿̼ôޣԼС
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ӣת˲ֹУԪѼѪϰһգȴδಫ˺
֧̿ͷļʱˣȻХһǰҼлԪ·Լ˵ֿ
ֺݡֻһ׹žֱǼλۡƴ伱ʹƿˣȥʱ
һ

Ԫסֱʹ̣εסˡһգлںޣԹԼ۳һ
ϱꡱһȴûиеʹȻֻۣԳһֻƾȻ۶˶Է֣Ǵ̿ܵػ
Ѫ磬ֱˤ

ԳһȻǰ¶书ҵףͲòɱˡ֪⣬ӦһԾȦ
ڵ˵·ϡԪ謿ųȣֿȭˣԼ۾⼸¸ɾ䣬һǳɣ
ˮһ㡣֪˵ĸǼװģȴû뵽ŵСүȻ书

̿ʣһʱţȷԷ¾˼졣ԳϴɫϽ˿ףǹˮ
ָ֣ͷλ˱ֽĽС˫־ͳı䣬̴̿Ǿȫ


Ԫ謼ڣһ㲻֡Ŀǰ£Ҳɲµ˭Щܵʱ׻Ǵ
񾭡ҽֵģֵĶöԳжͯӴɨսʬ壬ԼȥԪ謹ˡϺ
۸һ˿ڶݲʰã˸Ͻԭ·ء

˲Զ˵ѶӦϢɴױŻȥԪ˺左ڱϱĿϢ
·;Գ˿ڱʹƵԼŸӡһ㣬ʮˣ費
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ŷµիûԳɣˣµɫȴԽԽáөֲ֣㿪ʣֻһ˫۾ɨɨ
ȥԪ謣ֳ򳤸衣ԪʵмԳ࣬ȴΪԼƹһᡣۿˣ
ȶԷ˵ЩҪܵĻȴֻЦЦһҲûСһϲԭѵ֪Ҳ˵ллˣһ
ߡ

ǰСԳ裬ɣҪͷֵðվ𣿡

µģԪﲻصġˣֻܵĽύ赭ص˵һˣ
ҵ֮£δ̫ѿһ㡣

̫ݼԪæˡæŰԼеŰ嵽͢⣬æнֹǱĬĽԼţæŲ
Ϊպƽ·ϯϾůﱾȱٱȨȻⷽġǰԳѽԼڽ
ȫʹáԪֻԼԼλлϲޣԽ׽ÿմţ
ʺմ涼תʱʳöȣһȱʱʱʹ͡ԳҲǰ䵭
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̫Ӵ£δ裬ӵԼ·Ұ԰ȥ
ƼԳͼŮڻ԰׽ԲأһСĴ˿£ͷҲûᣬֻһͬɫĴɵϵסڻ֦չ
Ůм׷֣òֺǰ羰ˣԪͷ޲ԼҲ˳һˣԳͷ
æµ̫ӵ£

ԪЦŷּ⣬Ҷ˵ˣ֮䲻ؾ񡣡

Ԫ衴Ϊһ¡ܵΪָ飬ҪǻʵͻȻ±Ӧ¸¾СԪ˽İĽ裬
СܵĸѾ⽫ΪԼ϶̽һ̽ԳĿڷ硣

Գңʱһˮ߸ߵͷĵףǡԪһĺ
࣬׳־֪ൽȥˣֻʣһ̶ˮҪɷħ

·˵Ҫ΢˵ɡԳ豻Ŀⶢûڣֻóһ¡

ޣޣԪ衸Ͻջɫġ⹫̫ʦһسƷʶؽ֮ãǰʽ
СָԼʱ˼һΪ˺ϧ˵С㽿ƶʣòҲƥ䲻糤費ϲҴΪ򸸻ʳɺã


ãȫƾ̫ӵһڴӦֻ̫ϲĻŭšʯΪԭҡǸ
֮ˣɴ˿̾İ㣬¶ôô룬ȫʧȥյж˵Ҳƽʱˡ˵裬
ٵȵȣҶŶݡ

Գ賦θᣬһȴҪװϲԴɬҪƷˡòװ̫Ӹǣɫ


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ܵ۵ĲãҲûټ񻯣ߵŹȴսñͽƣһе͹
κɶеǳֻùڸ¥֮ڡǰս¼࣬͢Ҫǰȥ;Ǹʲ˶ۺ
ԳŶȥ̫ӶûʲôֽžʹԪֵ¡ǳźЦ˼ƹȻá


跭ۣ֪ԼֶβʣһҲ޷ˡ˵׼׼ҪȥһǸ


˵ʱֲ뾩ƺЩðա

ȥˣԳңԶشòƺֱʣʵϸܴ󽫾ñ·֪ʴβ
¡ɶ˵Ǹδ֪ıˣԷڰûԷĵϸǰȫֺԶ˵ĵϸ
̽һٲȥæĻŹΣӡ

ԳصʱԽعƫʵԪ衽ˣԪԪ򡣵̫ӵӻھ
ежӴ޼ˡԽع볤ĥһת⡣ԭԽ˱ִٽ֮ҪЮκκͬ
Խϡȱľǡѵݵʡ¹ϵشΪ̫ӵԪδ𸴡

֪Գ̫ǰˣ͹Ĩǵ̽ϢεȴЦּѲ¶ۼذ鶼Ƶ˹ȥԽ
ֻ޹

Ǻ󣬴߳һԪ⡣Цú̫Ц˵ҩùˣ
⡣Ҷ˵ҩɽѩϻıƳɵģнⶾЧŲɡ

Ͽʹô֪涾ģ

һش˵䷢̫ҽԺڰƽⶾҩڵĸ岻ΪĴҩ

ԳͷãҪҩԴ

ʱɲˡοҶ˵ҩƲףҪһµĹ׼ҩģһֻһöԪ
Լʱ޾⡣ơϡԵҩǰѻʵ۱µԳ֪ı£Ҳ
ԣֻǵظ˵Ҫȥһ˱߹أҿɻءԼһСģ

ԪһʱҪߣԪͻȻѸǺã

ϻûвﲻŽԳش𣬡ʵΪʱ¾ȥǸҷλ

Ǹ󣿡

ԽĴع̫ӡԪĻɣЦһԽعԪ衽ˣȡ̫ΪѰһˡ˵Ŵ
鷿ȡһѽݸԪ⣬͵ʱȥԽع⣬ʲôҲ˵ԻΪǰꡣ
ͼǴԷġԽعֻ˵ǺͰǣȴû˵ʲôӵģһӱ
ǸܻµĺȷʵҵԪӹͷϣð³һ䣬磬ԼҲҪ
ġ

绽ü繵ϣƹȥЩɬֻعⷵաԳ踧ͷ˼תתһõ
ȴôҲ˵ڡѵ˾ֻһЩҲãٶȼɡ֪ԵҲҶƬ̵ᡣ

ȥĪҪ˵ܴ󽫾ۣ볯͢ԮʱԶѹ٣סɵʦԮ
Ԫ衡Ԫһ仰ȴԳĶġֱڼﻹֻлȨְ֪Ҳҵˡ
Ҫȥ߹أΪս⣬Ϊ̿һ̤ءѲãԪ⣬ûʤġ

ҧҧ鶼ʰɾǾ䷽Ų̳ڵĻ˵ƽȣҪ£ȱһؼ뾩󣬵
ȥ»¶ύһЩѡ

ãԪ̧ͷƤһЦʵѾôˣɽҽá

Գ΢¶ϲɫãɽŹŻҪҪɶµİӡ˽װ
̫պдô书Ƕ֮ϣȴ¹״Ԫ԰ݽ»¡˼вŸɣ
־ĿףһҪ׳ԼԪ⵱ȻϷŹĻᣬһһжƺõһ
޶Լһ˿˿ƣÿһ綼ǣϵʹʹó͸ġʹĻҪ˵
³ˣҲԽˡ

ԪһЦ˫ۺ飬ͶͱԳ˫ֱͷһǣȵĴӡĶͷϡԪ˫Ŀֻ
ȳ΢΢˽ң֣ᣬ۵ȴ˼ɻҡ鲻֪һԵԵ˭
ղЦɣȻ̰һ´档

ʱ³ϣ紵Ҷ費Ըֻ´оݡǲ飬ֻ鰮м̫
Ķأ˵ʲôǼٵģǶġ޸ɣΩеˡ

СүӸ߹̫Ҫģ񲿽ǶȨޡǰ࿪ģ־ྲرƵ
гֵǹģڶ࣬СҷչŴƮƼΪƴʦ
Ϊ֮ڣ˿뼯ͷ˶һ֡Գ費ԼȻһУ屦ڶ
м䡣ݺţǶŮ˼

һ·ϴݹأиǰվԱͨعԱǰͽᣬһӭ󣬶żζСԽ
ߣӺ䡣ɫ˷͸ǣıǺˡŹһ⣬һСɽϣһŸͷ
ĿԶһԶӡ

ԳҲīѩͦεβɽʵͰθվ²Է塣߹ط˪ʹ
øߴ˶ˣûб仯һ˫۾˫ȻôĴʣ˶ԳĳΡп
жȻӦЧɳŲƽ齣黳ӿٶȣһ˦󲿶ӣƥ񱼡Է֪⣬Ҳ
£һͬءκ͵ȺʱԳϲ쳣ͬʱ󽫾

Ϊˣҵ֪Թʤ֮ѹʱ߹ش˧廪֮ӣʱ̬ȹࡣԼ
ھеλ˶岻ѣֻԼ˼꣬Ƽս۳ɳӢˡһˣʿ磬
ڲЩϹŷ磬վһ佫ȺԳ費ɶעĿ

˵Сү֮ǫ¾ʿ

ŶԳһأԭԺµ֮ףյü֮֮

պƽĺѧʼҡ㶫һСɽϽԺ̻ӵܣµôģų͡
Լϳˣȴеӳ֮ģжڳΪ١Գռ֮ǫȻ֮ġ

֮ǫҲڴλСүĳд£˵˵ѧռ棬ȴһӢ
ǫ봫еӵܴͬʱµ˰˾ŷ֡ǰλźۼβؼǸ

˫ԳԸ½;ַ֮ȥս¼ѣʿЩ䣬۹ͺ󣬾˶
ͣʱһƬڡ

󽫾̽ӻرԼ򣬶ҶǾѵִӪһЩŹ־Ͳ
ƥҲͬʱӪݲ˶ƬУ˼顣

Ŷδ󾪣ѯʵĿ⿴Գ衣˫սر㲻ѽʮˣǹŹ־ǿɡ費
ʱǰɽ¶ˮһֹ

ʱѱǰࡣϽԲ˵ղ·;ˣԺϢϴ

ããԳЦ˸ǺˡԷһԺµ¼
Ȼǻϲǳȷĸͷֳ࣬ҪԳ裬ٳԼʮֹͣĽСͣ̾
ϳˡ

ºԷ˵ձֵƵʮأһʱͼڡ

أʡ

̽ȷеĿֻ֪ÿδԼڶң̽ӸӪڴĿġ

Գ΢һҪȫˣ¥ʮöԸ

¥˱ƵĹṹӣ۰ǻʵѲʱõĴ¥ͨ졣ǰͷо
ɹשǽſ󳤴ʮɣܵʯʿ䡣水ŻͣʿڴУƶǰ
ǰկ֮ʱʹ¥ײԷǽһǷر̵ģǴͶ±ƽǽ¥ϲŴ
϶Է¥شеϳͷǿǡ

ʮǰ֮ЩԳ踸ףҲ廪صı߹شš
ʹһһɽӲն϶ԷţűסŹ

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ޱȣ˫̴ڣŰɽˮĴӱָ˵ǰߡԳõϢʷ̽ȣֻһ
ֱûõƽⷽΪ˰ġ

ܴ󽫾ҲġԷ˵书ǿ˿ɵУҾʿ䡣һȫ濪սֻ¡Գͷ
ٷʣתϵĵͼ˼

ʱֹڴ룬̽κ;ղŹء

Գ裿һζ顣ԼҾպգԹʤǺ廪Žֻʵ۵´
ܴꡣλСүǸڳԷĻ٣ȴһʱ˸ͷЩԼұ۶ʧȥ
ԭǰϻĺݽɫһ䣬Ȼգպ峿ȫǣ

Ӧǲ׳ȴ¶һ˿ǳЦԳ谡Գ裡Ѿһ
֪ʲô֮٣޿Ƿǳڴ

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ҹˣԳڵ²鿴ͼϱΪӷϴᣬ˵Լ˲񣬴ˣֻúÿ
жľǹԱǡ½ݸһͲ˵ķӥ飬ͷʮ𼱡

ϸĺ󣬴յǰֽյȻ˵ͷλͻȻٳ˵ǲ̫ӼȨȫջأ
й̫ӵ빬ڵϵѱȫжϡ

λĶֻʱѹƣôȻǿӲˣ²ʵ

ȻµֶˡԳЦһʹ˸λΪϡްο̫â
¶ٲ־ˡ

ѵ̫ӻʹ䣿

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ҪɻʦԮġ㣬̫ӹţıҲδ֪

˵µͷ

̫ӵȨ£Щŵ𶼼ɴǰ̨ҫλҪʰ̫ӵٺ٣ȫ˻Уһ
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˵ŻԷŽˣһ๣ࡣԳϰߣ˯ˣҪһС൱ҹӹ
һڣԵһ޶΢΢֡ʱ鷳ûдϸĳӡ߹ػ֮أ˭
һʿڵ๣ࡣ̧ͷѯʣȴһЦ۾ԷȥԷԽѪͳʤѩʱһ
ѳʵġѩ족ֻǲϰͷ£ǿ顣

С壬ģԳһתˡ

λҪѺüʱĹ򣬲С壬һ׼µ𣿡ƵЦʡ

ǣ߻ġԷʵʵشһıɰѳ¶ˡһ书࣬Ʃзɱ
˵Ȼ

Գ˸ϴ׼ЪնһԷģˣԹԵ߿ˣԷΪ
ˮ˴ȴԷͱֱվǰŤֻŲͣشȥɾ֣ʣС壬㻹£


Сû£ԷͻȻͷܡܳԶǹˣԼڴϴǲã
ּͷȥšϡﻩһ󣬲Źغ÷ţȥԳϵľȱ飬ԼǱ˳ȥһ̬
󲻽⡣⺢ӽôˣ

Ժ̾ѡ˵С壬㲻öҪôȴˣ

˭ҪԷּСʱǺˡֻǡֻȥӶ˵仰ܾû˲ǣ

ٴ̾Ϣ⺢ӣʵϣѻ˵ȫԼҪҪأ̵ͦġԷһܵӣ
볤ʹʹǰѻ˰ɡ㶼ˣ˵ʲôûУ

ûУһ𡣡Էɥػش

ӶһšŹֵҶƳˣӻ᲻ף˻˴£żװ
֪һۿǵС˼˲ɣػµˣС壬İɣµĻȻ
֮һȴûаֵɽԷͷһʹͷϥ£Ĭˡ

һ޶ֻ㣬б첻ݡԶиӪидʦ˵ϯຮȾǽ
Ļ⡣ӴֱףߵҲϼѣֻڴֱ¶ǣһǻӵŮӵ
ԼһıǸŪõƵģ̲סƮĵһ߳ǧ壬ƴһ

ڶûԳˡǽԷسǽһȦϸ鿴ǷȻٵ
κɡ˵Ѷ󣬼ææŵĸһͬƤմһ㱡ĺ˪ɰв
˼ҶѲһ飬ԼΪн˧δɷˡ

м䣬ͷҲҳϻ̳ϿֵϢȴšһҹϢʹԳ迴Ӿģ
ǣһ˿΢ЦǴ۽ݳȻɢɲǼ䴺شءЦˣ˴ҵΡ

һعϽԳֻǷּ;ղԭֱܲ߹񡣲Щ
ţȻ֪ǰԼϵӣ飬һֱ۵죬Ϣ

Գ˵Ʊߵ˼ǾҪٽˡʦԶԽԽ䣬ݹӦضѣŻ᲻
һеķ͹뾡ءŹسǸ߱ڼᣬѹռ˵ֻҪסͷһ󣬲Ҫսʤڽ
شĴη壬һҪʱ־Լҳս񡱣ʱ˶λСүǿʤ棬һٻ
ǿСȥرݣΪĴս׼Բض˵ˡ

ս֮ת۾͵ѪִŹط˽ԳͷȥʮӺѹѹڳſ
գ˪ǿ׳ȻĵǹƷ·Դݻ¡һԺս
ʵͳʵ׾Զľ֮ʦһȫһ޻صƵĵȷȷ˵սĺŽ
У뷢һƿϮƼ쳣

Գվڳ¥ϣĮǰĸҲվڴˣӽԡѪսΪ£Ϊ˰񡣶
ԳΪʲôɲûشˡΪҹһ࣬ΪȡģֶѣҪĻ
Ӣ۴һϸߵͣ˭һˣѪڣңָվԶɽϵأɣһսʤ

ųͷκܼƵڼ֮һʱ̧ͷִ糱ˮ㷢˳档δȵ׼
ڱκɽֻ첻ףԵҲˣȴޡܵ۲ΪȻֻŪ˼ŷڱ߹Ȩÿ
ѡԳȴʶĿ֮˰ƣӴڿֱųȣΪڡ
ҪǵŻڣŹظŲա

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ζʱʼңսʧɫӶʱ¥Ϻɱ죬Զڹ
໥ϣɱµǵоʬ塣

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ڻͼɱһѪ·ƽ˳šһǿһҹУصĹǳ;ľʼַյĳţһܼ
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´󾪣̷תֹסŵʧɫ״ǰסԷ֣С壬С壬


Է岻˫ĿȻգͣߴڴССһţૻšסԳһʹѩ
ʱֲֶҲţвͣԼĸס૱΢˱ССèڶУֻ
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ɥĸԷͬÿغ֮߳ʱԼȻ¶²࣬磬һò


ϤеůĻԷ彥»æؿڴˣҺûбѡһ˵
С尡˭ҲԸס

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ʹ򡫡Ψѡ

үԼ֪ġԳ赭˵˼СϾˡУүǧҪٽб֪ˣ


ǡӦŵͬʱʵǴƼǺԴһСѪǲֵܵү׼þ
Ҷ֥Ҷҩ

ȥȡþˡԳͷ˵

Է˯һգоһ쳣ϤϢԼţȻѣһӳŰʵչ⣬Գ
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ˡԳС壬Щˣ

Է岻𣬻һȻֱ۾˵ˣѵǼ磿

˵ЦСӼҼҵģ˵ʲôĻʻҪˣүʲôţͷ𣿣
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Է¶ɫųһӡ

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һΪҩһ̲סԹҪǵӱҲӲӱֻʵ۵ĴƼҪڣ㰡
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ģæ˵㶼֪ԼжãԼţȴﱧһҹأΣ
Ҷ֥ҶҲøá

Է˵Գ裬ʱǿʣģ

Ȼġ˵԰С壬ҪЩ˷ӴһƬ⡣

ǣǣ˵üǣԷʱЩ뵽ԳֺôģЩۣһ㡣һ
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ƿԳЦֻƿǰЩѺѺȵһƿֻ¾סĺȷ

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ŵơͷһֻԼ˫İѩУѽ޷ϵй˸ɸɾʧЦ
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ǿУ˿⣬һȫԸ磬ĿԳĿڡͲȻ׽ڵأԲ
˫ۣ³֣ī

磬ʱѲشȣȻͻԼս֣ŽջԳ½
һѪۡԷ˵ī֣׾ͽ˷ִ磬ҷŹǰԩͷҲҪȰѻʸ
ŭҧʵʶ

īֱղĵʮˣһֱڲĸ⣬֪
ߵ֪Ľɣҷἰ⻹ʮһα˵гԳ
ݡƳأʵ亹ʪһƬ书̫ǿ˼˿ɵУһԷ֣ѾǸ
ˡԽΣԳԽ侲˵ʲô

ڳȵͷ侲һЩ˵ú˵޻һˣĳ
ϣ

ԳһƲƵ˵ƫ㣡

شŭֱӥצָݺץסļ˫ĿҪ˵㵨ҡ˵һ룬Ȼ
ֹֻ۾סԷ¶һϸ¹ſϺ֬򳤸½ƴ˳

ôأָսҪĹһ㣬ȴǾڴı顣

ʮǰʮıĻװκ㵴ɽһλ˫ȫʦѵӡԳīٵĻ
˵ԼʯХʵ˭Ҳû˵ʵż֪Ī棬ٺһ׵Ĳ׵Ľ֣ǰͷ
עҪжԵˡϻʵ۲Σٻӻȥ̳дλûҶ˵ʵֻһŵһʵҲҪˣǹ
ţ߹ս£Լ׵ܵŵɢ£ѱ뻹

ӻعҴҼ̳д󱦣ط㵴ɽʱѲ֪٣ԭס®ҲһѴյˡʮ
ѰѰѱԭأȴûҵīκټ·˴ڹֻԺлĻΰ
ˡɫ԰׵ĵԳ˵ʵֻһ仰һ仰ͿԴﻹǽԶʮ˲

ͷצ¿죬ԳƻȻ첻ؼǿԼסˣֵ˵
Ҳɱˡ졫˵Ǽѽڰ

Ҹ廪īʮǰŻһǻѪڱ֡ϡ֮¡ǼҸҵԳ̨ʤ
ʱֶⷢԷ´һԼһģһİһԣϻʵ۴͸صģűػ񡪡
ǡǰָôһ鱱ػҳԱе񣬶䰮ǰһֱƼԼߵ
һԼµЩʲôԳҵ廪ˣڽһξ·˳

ӻһ£Ѫ˿͸ԭˣīīȡī֮⡣ԼöԷʵ
ݣʱȴѾȫˣѹȻ뿪Լο׷Ѱ®ҲҪոɾЩ
Ǹϸšӣȴ֪˾ǰֻǸŸŹأͲܵĹ¼ҳˡ

Ҹʮǰ߹ѲʱһþͿʼѪ̫ҽһһ˿ΡԳ˵
ҽ֪ˡϡֻоҶ֥ҶӿɾȡǱ뱱ֵҸȴ˵Ϊգ
˽ҩҲǲԵġٺ٣ֻͣһȴǹִþţҲ

Ϊʲôز⡣

ô֪Գ˵ޱȣֻǵøײػʱ˵һ䣬СХҪұԸ˰ɣ

ңسڶ˼ѪʹʵѵһأѩȾϵޡʮǰ
ܱ˵κǱ֣ҩϡز鵽˾ȻκʵߵĴ̫£˼ת˼ȦΪ
ѲµκʵҪԸرԼҡԼҽƾһ֮ͰѱִŹسǽ֮ʮأؼλ
һֱ뷽跨Ҫ֣Ȼ룬κսȻ㵴ɽǸʿˣ

֪ˡϡ󣬻ΪԼҪضʹİɣ˲ĶҪˣˣΪ
Գ׵˾⣬һƬˮ֪ʲôʱۿҪֻԼ֮⡣Ȼ뵽
˻ܼ׷ȪҲضҪټһ棬׿һ֡뵽ХһԨ
ĳХҡХǿȴĩ֮Ӣ黳Уг
裬˵ҪΪʹ̹ɡ

Գӹˡ֪ʱһ̹ȥֻʵ۶ܣɽɱڴˡȦӣ
˼ò𣿣ֻǰӱʹ񣬽ݣһ²ȥ֡Գ谵ԿЦԭ
㻹ûܰĻİڼŲߡ̧ͷ˵ԩͷծԻȥǸɱ֮ˣֺαɱйߣ


ã˵ʹ죡κʵ۱ΣԳ軹һҪɱ֮ظеһ㱣ĹѪӢţ
ֻϧϳȫԼ֮ġɴϣҲ໰תߡ߳ȥȻعͷʣκͼ
跨ҵȥҳģ԰ɣ

Ӣ

̾Ϣǰò뵱廪߷ƣֶļȴöˡ˶٣ʣĶϽ
ڳôóһǷһŵ

óˣ±˱𣿡ԳЦ˶ǵۣȻԷ⡣ƽʱһŵǧ˵
϶жͷȥţΪţǲͨʵϾӡǻΪһŵ
ŹʮأͲˡ˱ϣһ֧ϽϣҲɲԳ衣

صͷһۣҲվ㺬ЦĿԶȥӲĳǿԼתʩչṦ
¾ӥʧԺǽ֮ϡԳһЦƤ멣һߵͷ˼һԺⲽ

ڶʮһ

߹شݵϢð˰Ӽһ·͵ǡݾʿݹ֮ʱضɤƴ󺰣߹شݣ߹شݣ
˱ǰռеҸԺŻ󿪣лϲԱӡԳĴһʱ쳹ϱ˶֪ԼҺ
ޱȣȱܡƴƼ¥Ĺ£ͼӴףӣھ¥дݡΪԳ
빦͵ѩƬһɵܵ۵İͷңԶϷģ̫Ӿ׫дϵģдССġ

ϵַܵûڲѡʤʮ꣬ûһʵȨӴžӣߵԼߣ
ܲ͸硣һΪƸ꣬ʵ˶׷£ΪԼãڱ߹ز
ӣ˵ʲôսΣ΢רͷơ

ʱ˭𷣾ȹΣѣܲһıֻʵۣʮǿ˱ĴӢ۴ǾҲһ
ȴΥĵܷ¹ŵ춼˸ʵʵ˼ܣ
ûһܱȵϡܵʣд佱Ļ˺üӣʼ䲻ȥģİܹܺ
¼ʵ۵ֽô죬üͷ壬ϼ鴤Ϊʹ࣬Ͻǰʺһ䣬£ðɣ

ܵ۳̾һǿԼд£˱ģйߪۣȻȥضҲǿ
ЩߣΪԱżææΪԼҸ蹦̵¡סˣסˣԨעҪ죬
뵽ԼŸӼһ廪µһǿʵ۵ľ͹м尾һ㣬пɬζˮů
֪

ʵ۲˸ҳһƬţĺŵǰΪʵ˳Сʵ
ˣҪ밲һʱ

ԪˣѾ𣿿ɡܵҰЩߵļҲֻ
ͬģΪҩⶾʱʱЩȤСһЦϣֻܹԼʧܡ

ʡԪ˫ָ߾٣һССĺɫгϡ

æǰȡ򿪣СһΪһʢŸɫҩ裬һȴǼ۽÷ɡܵϿɬ
ҩ࣬Щ۽ɣѵԪϸܵ׼ˡ

ܵʮοпԪ⣬ˡҪǼҲ㣬Ҳᡫ˵һ룬һҵĿԡ
ԪæǰźΪ˳Ȱ˵ĪģҪҩõĻðɣ

Դӵҩ󣬻ѺöˣһҲûŻѪÿ췹ҲɶԼڡܹܺæΪ

Լôˣܵѵùһ¶ӡ

ǶλؽҽȫˣлʹػԪ⹧ػش

ܵһǿҲ˵ôˣĴ̿ͻûץԪô£糯ޱض


ʣٲˣⲻǻúõ󸸻ʾʹ˰ְɡ͵ٴ¹򣬱סʵ۵˫ȣһÿɬ
Ŀⶢסһ氧

㰡ܵ̾Ϣֵ֮飬㣬ȴÿ϶顣

ԪʩСƣԪ衿˸߱ܵܵ¶ϧ֮⣬æݣѽиѹ
¶ˣһʹ̫ƽˡ

ܵͷһʹԪòһֱġԪ£д󽫷緶Ҳϧ
ӶˡϰԪ訣ǽЩȴ۰ӣʮ꣬ǰͻȻͲˣ˰׷ͺ
˵ʹ̾Ϣ룬ԪТ˳ҲʵǵȲҪϴǿˡǰ˾ģסֵ
Ԫ⣬ܾԪϣ޵ʦסھɽׯȥһˡ˵޽ȥģԻס

ʣǡԪдϲԪ衳мӪ˽߹ϽƴڱƵòĻʵƣΪã
ºγɣֻϻһԻ

ȥɡ֪ܵòҺĵЩʲô԰οӦŵͷˡ

ܾ̫̫ܵ۵ǻǻʵ׽Ĵ֮һڿϺھǳλߵİ
⡣Ԫһ·Ȼ֪«ﵽʲôҩ֮ǶԼĺ¡ϵɽׯ⣬ϰµģ
ȴƫҪһŶϵ̬

ɽׯ͸ׯϴſڵĻʲôˣôɽׯ

ԪִǻԪ⣬ˣϴˡ"

ǻһæЦǱҪүô

ԪϲܾѶӭһԪ⣬ʱĿʧɫ̾¹˹ˣȻ¸ϳ
ɡ

ܾ΢΢Ԫ鷿ҡһȡʱĿϵϳһ
ּҪϳڴ˽ɽׯʿūشʣҲɶһֺԮɽׯʿһǧˣ
ƥ뱸ڸظʿ߹һһʮˡڴˣ²ա

Ԫ־ϲǻʵļȻ簲һǷʣϲܵ۽Ұ׶Ľ⴫λ
Լ࣬ڶõ˻رʲｭɽλһ
Ҳָ

߹أܴ󽫾ԷԺЩ±㿪ʼÿòҩˮϣЧ̫˿ڽ̣
ˣҩԡһգԷµİѹľͰŽˡԷ壬һС
ʱøϺûͷͰʱצֵġ

Գһ۱㷢æеʣС壬ˮ̫ˣ

̣Էŵ͡

ѵѪУԳϽȥţȻֵ˵ûаǱƽ࣬Ϊ
Ʒѽ

ûûû£ĺӼڽ͡һԵѱͨ죬״ء֪ԷƤԼҪǸ
ԳЦºضúֻп͡λƽʱǿɣŲߣȴÿԡС
Ľ˶óƫƫбţ¥еķСүȴƴˣһ㲻һ뿴ֺϷû
䡣

ԳԷ޴󰭣ʵϲ˵үǰܴ󽫾飬ǺúЪŰɣҪҩĵĻֻ
ȥҪ뱸ء˵Ҵ뿪ˡ

һŰﻵˣ߹ڻءתͷԷ壬Ц䣬Ŀ͸ҩԷµ
Ȼ߸ߵţǳԾǺЦ˵С尡С壡һ֣ˣҪů
㻹

Է屻ô󾽣һͷӣ㽫ϲϸ֡顢ڡ׳ø㣬üӽ
Ļĺͷȥٺģ

಻±ҲˣֻǽαüˣǰŮ͸Ƕʱõļ
еġҰˡøΪԼص档ȴ֪⼸仰ʵŮǵʽõõģ
ɰ³׸ˣЦڵ´УӶˣӶˣ

ڶʮ

ɽ¥ҹ꣬ʺȴ˿ƻ⡣һˣվںڰУͷҲ˴룬¶
һɫۣˡ˶ãſڻ˵Ϊ֮ƣֻȫԸƹ

ƹһƱ治סˡð˵ŶģԸȫ
ð𣿡

ڰ̾ϢҲδأֻ³֮⣬û׵İ취ˡ½Ѵã̫ҽԺﴫϢ
˵ҩؽˡܱ㸸ҪЩǴˣȻǿȨ
ཫЩܱǰһͿصĺá

ϣ̫󻹽أ

ߣ˵Լ֮Ĳصúܣ̫ӢǣϧһⲻҲװɵôꡣ

ĸ˵ǡ

ˣ黹Ҫȥģ衶Ĵȡ󻰷һתȻϬˣгѹ

Ʋ࣬мԽԽֹζԪ΢΢˸Ҳ֪Ϊ¡ҹǱʲô
ǹĵ׵̾Ϣǵͷػشһоĸɡ

ʵ۰ڽʥּ˱߹ء˶зͣΪ࣬ӹٽӣЩ֮
Գʹ;˼ˣǴ佱һҲ˹٣ȴȥ̫䡣ʵ۵˼ǽԺרź
͵ظ־ͺˣٹ˼¡

вޣɫʱѿ³ֱԣмּĴ̫꣬ڵվյŭӶԷ
κæֹѹסˡ̫ŵɫ࣬Գ輰ʱַһѣ̱ڵء
ļŭԼûֳʲô˼Ц⸱ܹܣͣ븮Ϣ

̲ס˵Сүʥּ۸

ɷԳĻҵѪսΪΪ񣬾Լҵıݣؼƽϸ˵ʧҵĺ⣬
ˡ

ڽ磬֮ǫվȰСү˵ʮˣλΪõģЩɵĻҪᡣ֪
Գֹߣ޺³⻰Ȱ˵ЧȴϽһ㡣

ŹؾӪ꣬߹ؽ춼ΪסǳҵԷ嶦Ҳѽ¾ʿշ˴롣ܵ
ΪϿ̣ءຮ֮أΪѪսĽʿҪʱʱЩ͢˶з衣

Լ˷Ϊһ㣬빦⼵ܶޱȡܵԻٳǣʹκЩ
òֵܱ裬еЩѪԵģвˡòŨޣڸˣ佫ҰԭвС
Źϼʶ±뺷˳ᢺǴǻľݡ֮ǫһ˼
˵ʵ۶Գв¼ѹ֮ģеֵÿ϶߲ƽ顣

֮ǫʣͿԳĻ־Ժ£öҪѰʶңһѧչԳ跽
ǰس±ݣЩֱ˲⣬ȴȥ˿ֵ̣λУ˿ʵ
ΪСүɱ

һԳʱը˹ָ컮ذ̾ʱ֮Ŷ֮ĶԸĳ˹߸
֮Գ費ʹֻڿ֮ǫʱ¶һ֮ǫҡͷ̾ϢӵĿʱȴ΢΢һգۡ
ԶѩһɿϷ룬δݣȴѵúĬǡô֮ˡ

ᣬһۣͷ˵СүҵѳĻ꣬ﻹʲôٻĩȣ
ԸСүߣǣ

һӱüܣϥĩȣԸСүߣǣ


񣬵ȵþġĿãʲôǵ¹򣬰νģϣԸλֳͬ
٣ฺ

ڵһͬģӴ빲벻ȺУ֮ǫһԲֻǹߵݣеȴǾŰ¡صĻף
ݾӰݸذݹ񡢰ʦԳһЦ룬˴ϻͨ͸һ֮šΩ
̫Ͷãƣ˰ҪСлġ

̫ڱ߹սսعһҹһСִŭЩǡڶһҪԳһ̷ְͬ
;δһӽשա˵Ҫؾʱһ벻졣ˬֱ
ٳЩ䣬ȴˮ˼»ǵҸԳ跸죬ֻץס´󵹿ˮ
ЦŴʰʱò

ϲ˺ȾƶĲȥˡԳһۣ죬ȿϲصģЩĽˡ
ϰԼ˼ʵϲŭʲôζҲϾȥֱЩõ֮󣬾ʧȥЩʲô
ǿµģȻⱾǹ쳾淨նУΪһ壬޷ָֻ֪
ȴûзֱƿغıҺãҺ߻жڣ

˵ʱ˽˵ͷԳԳ辩ǾɹʵֱתѰ˼ţЦ
룬ȷǹá

˲ŽԺţ˵Ͳ̬Ҳϳˣԭͷ䡣ֵ˶ͷ棬һ̿͡Ź
񣬸ȡһ˵ҵСү밲˵յߵôæδлʮֲ
Щﲻɾ⣬Сү¡

ԳЦص³˸Щڴˡȥ侲ϸһ룬׶ԷѾĲ߻
˵ףһ顱ְˡ˵廪ķϣûҪҳʣͷ̲ס²䲻ȵķ
̡

һװżƿƿ޹ޣԳһֶЩ˵ҩ¾ͨҽԴĵãһ
ɫСƿдšѪ衱С֣Ķʱͣѩ嶥ϲһּΪϡѪΣôҩ
֮Чúƽ׶ü깦ϰ֮ıֻѪѵã˱ֻʵһЩ⣬˼û
˵ӵˡؾȻԴʥƷɲᰡڣ辭Ҫҩ

ڶҲˡһƽķƣĵı֡٣һͷХµǡѹ
һűֽд֣κﳯ϶һĸԱԳ趼סˣȻһһٵʵ
Ҫʲô

ߵٰݣ˵һ١

ʲô٣Գ軰һڣְԼͱսѾ֪ԷҪǺˡ廪ǰһʮ䰮ľ
٣Ͼʱ飬һ׺οƽ֮־صǱԽ¶
廪벻Ϊһ֮ȴ˹Գип˵ھУȥȡ
͸

лСүȫмؿ˼ͷǡ߳ȥתɫ˵Сү
˪¶ౣء

Գ֪л˵Լ¶˰º֡ǣЦЦͷ䣬ˡ

ҷ䣬ұءһ죬ָס˵ԭвҢ

ãҼסˣءԳչ¶ݡЦһЦۡˣһЦһŴ磬
˲㱻䣬ýǲҢˣ˶һ㱣˶סԷʵʧ񣬻æ
뿪¿˵ıӰ̲סʣӣôػΪѵģ

ԳЦֻʣ£㶼׼ˣ

ǣ

ǺãԳһչ䣬°ɣ

ڶʮ

ԳˣԵ̿ɱΣΰεһ˲֮䡣λ̫ɫĴ̿;ҵ
ľ֡רעϬң޾壬ͬһȾ֮ר

һ죬߹ڽԳʹ̫һͬԷƲͳ;棬θоʿᣬһֱ͵
ͤ˱ƣ׼֣ԳܲסһȰƣ˼ҡҡλεġͬվһ
ŵļСǡһһֱͷ˶Ŀģʱ˶࣬ӣע⵽λ΢
˼бæ֣ҪȥʱһĶ̵лһԳ
Ŀڡ

ԳһڵأѪȾ˰Ǵ̿͵ֺͣ٣չṦӴܣ磬ѸޱȡŴӻ
ѣе˹ȥСүԳֱǿı׷׳´̿͡书˵ƷּЩ
ţëϸ룬Ƶ˲òˡֻһЩ룬ʹһӥצ֣ûܰסȴһץǴ̿͵ñ
ӺϵƤߣ¶ٺһͷ˿ԭǸŮӣǴСһϵгףⲻ
ݴ𣿣

󣬸Ϊ͢´󹦵СүˣΣڵϦ߹ؽ˼ߣͰͬһŹ
ϳɣ˽ǵһԺ׼Ȼʵۣʥá

Գһ¾ǲؽ̧ȥ⸱ܹܡһ棬æأǰʹ
:СүСүš̿Ϳɲūˣλģūʵڲ֪СүˣūȻ
ֻСүūһ򱾷ʵƽʱСģڹЧ꣬źʥ³ɡ
ɫ˵Ҳһͷģ׷ΪԼסԩ

˰йԳƽţָĿڣ˵ʱ˿תͷε󽫾Ϳˣܹ
Թ޳ģƼӺʹղ򲻿˰ɣ

ιֵˣĳçײܹܴ˶

Ǵϲæ˵ңңлСүݴȣС֮ʧʵܴ󽫾ϣū
ûˡС֮ϳ汣֮ǰѵԳöƽʱмܣ޲ñ
סа׵

ԳصԼסԺһ漣ʧˣվñֱԷ塢¡κ˾ڣһ
ʾ¡ʵǼôĵӣ˭үݽô£

̫ҪƹȻɱּд̵ķӣֻǺؽί͵ͨ¥ԷҪ̿Ǵ
УԱǻʵҪȡԳļ󡣵ȻһҪ̵գҪСԳ費ôͻؾ
ͬʱҲһˮǽƾͼҪ½⡣ƻ˳ֻһץȴ⣬̿;ȻԪ⸮ݽ
ģ

µͷشǰһ˵ǱһλŮ̿͵õģҪǵ˴ȥд̣Ապ
һʱ죬û뵽˳ٻĹơ

ߣԳѵ¶ɷˣǲ죬ǹװ֪үˣǰɣ

ͨ¹ˣүˣԭ֪үġֻǣϲϣңǰһڣ
үЩ˶˰ɣ

Գŭһ硣æǰס첲ȰϢŭҲŵòᣬ˵
дƾӴǧҪ˵ͷ

Գ賯һһȥԷסϬĿ⣬һͷˣҲһ֪ߡһãȻȻǼ
ʵα¶κЩӣ۾ڴڴ
ӵ˲Ҫǡ¹ڵϣ˫ĿǱ֮ɫмšڳ˽Գ
ˣȻõģضҲ˵ġ

ԳҪ۽ն˿ԴҵΪءǶԵģǣǱϾһֱԼļϵˣôһ˶
ԿĵֻŸдĵӿȭͷսˣָ״̵۵ġ

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Գ裬Ȼִ;ƣֶӶ䱦̬ȹ꣬лϯɢһ£ǰ
еֽ鿴Ǳƣһδʹ˸۷ȫֽˡ

£˿麺䣬̧ͷЦ׶˪˫ݵģͷˡ׶ɫ
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Գڹ˾Ÿͷش˵費ңĸ̫֮Ϊ̫ǵģضΪ
΢᲻£²ܣ˼ʧ

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֣ڴɣ޿ءԳǷ˵ף껤֮ɱ֮ȴܷ£飬ҲҪ
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Գֻö죬һľӲˣ

ʥǹ̫Ϊ̫󵽵Լң̫׵ģֻǰԼп԰ˡСү
ʱ̫󲻿ټСүж±ǸͰ׵Ůˣ˿Ť˵ڵÿһֶĵ׷ŭ


̫տɻзԸԳһһֵطʣվñֱˡϹ򵹣һͷϣ̫ū
澽˽Сү

ӹĴ֣ᣬ磬ƽʱɵϵϡһУһȴǱ״Ƶм
ӡпۡ鼮ϼأϹŴ֮򽣷һһɱݣʱΪ½̫
ţһԳ֣ڻַʽΪԼĶԳȻФ׻Ĺ轫
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Ъһ۾Ԫ⣬Ҫѻλ㣬ϸԪϽɽ֮ס¶
̫˵˶ҲǰԡѪһߣŴｭɽȻ̫Ӣ£ȴҲղ龫ǣ
άֵաްֻҵ֮֡㣬𣿡

ԪһŽһʡ֪ʵ⴫λȴû뵽죬ҹĶ
Ȼǰ

Ԫ⣬֪گΪδܵ۶ʵ

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⺢ĵ̫ƣŪЩҰĲģλ㷴㰡ܵ˵ҪްĽλ
ҪΪһ飬֤ȷɾǧ﹦ҵһĵ

Ҫʲô

ɱԣ裡



Ԫ뿪ʹԺʱҲЩġܵ۶˵󼸾仰һֱͷԼͼıѾãͻ齣һ
ҪС׽˭Ҳ㣬вܾȫɳ¡һɹԪϱͣ
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ˡ꣬Ϊĸ΢ںеóȴ˿Ȩƣ׾ͱݺɼȨⶫðѹ
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ϵȨֻһգݲκȾָһעı硣

ԪͷңһׯΡĺǽߣȺص˾ԷƶţرաҹУ
ѧıȨ⣬Ҳѧɱϡʵ˵ҲԣһԶ飬ȴԼ飬ȭ͵
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޽ӵͷһδģֱհƲͣ͵͵̫ˣƫƫڲųڣԵãϿ
ǺһڣҹҲЩĭζ

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ʦ֮ءǵȵĿ˻δлԵġԳջҪ͢췴һ£
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ˡǸգ֮ط޺֮£̰켤䡣ɽܣ籾ͱ뺷ö
ڣ¾٣ǽկ϶ꡣطã͢ȥӣȴԽԽ
ࡣ˵о־˵ֱһسǣ֪صͷڳǽʾˡҪ˵뵴ƽܣط
ֻͣһ취˰ɱ¸û˴ͷˣȻͻɢȥ

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ҪЧë죿ԳҲЦˡصشγñųţûڴϳҪƾͷ̴
ǵ飬ǰһƤⶼ˲ɡ

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˵ĻȻǾ·ֺġ

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ͬģʹ㲢κʮӪӪۣĸκűǺ͡١ֵĽƾٻ
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࣬ԴԴԪڡ

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ҩɢٻѪЧټԳ˹ãԪʮãм˵裬ã⻰Ǽ
ںԷ֣Ҳ˼ģ̲סһ̾Գ裬ȷ˸ж֮ģ氮˵
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˵˵ԪΪ죬׷顣

ԳüͷٴѪҽ޲ߡ̫ңϾչ񻪹ﳤ
סҹҹϹ˵ʲôרȨֿʲôġ˵ĻȻԼ
վǸޱĺӡ·ҪըһܣԭǸ縸ӵܵ۾Ȼ˼Լҡ

Сӵ׻СӣԳ͵͵һ󣬵ڶ̲סȥһʵʸס֮ʣܵ鷿ܺ
ĵϣȻʵ³һȾǺüʱʵûԼڵذ˯ˡԺʱܵͺºܹ˵
ϡ׵ˣ

ʵһ仰˶ˣҽ˵ģ˱ֻҩϡŻѪֹһ֮ŪЩϸ
΢죬ղתͷ֮Ŀ鿴ʱй༱߻ڻ԰˶ͷѪ
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ҹؾɥ˵·ˣҲѲֻʣһ׵ԳһʱѪذײڵƻϴ
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ڼУºҲȥˣӵ˴Ӵ˾᲻塣

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ҪұԸҲʲô˵顣ԺǾʥӣΪסɽӲκȾָ㽨
ƽʢžһҲȥˡֻϧûΪһλáСⰡҵ׻ҪָʤӮ


ڻظ·ϣµݸһӣǹͷ׮ðͳҪ鱨ܵگδȴó
ˡԳεѲµͷסܵݲԼңһ֪Ҳ⡣ֻԪǰ״
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΢΢ôɱȻȴһվ꣬·֪䡣ڻ費ĵƻĻУӰ
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סҰ԰ȥѦҿɽѵѦڡ֮ҡǿñңɵλӵ׻Ƕˣֺֻջص
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ԪĻԹޣԷҪȡȻסԳҪ⵹̫ӻȱһҪӣúʣСС£
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ѦмС棬ΪԼȻһԶ˳ȥܵŭȻ

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Ѧ༰١ţԻʺ壬ûʺǳʿй⣬Ṭʿȫָ̫ӡһʱ
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˵궼ȥһֱ顣ٿüĿһߴģµĺȴʮֺޣ
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ү˴Ӧ峤ҾΪ³һѪپζίֻ
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£Ҫأǰضᴦøɾݽ˵ֻҪûʬܻһϣڵõĽ
νʹϡ

ҶԲǣɥԪܵúܡݽֻ˶룬Щһֱߣ㣬׽㡣

ԣĴɤӿοүúܺãûй峤С
Թ㡣

úܺãԪЦޱȣ۽Ѽ⣬˻ڳ֮ϣ˵ĶĤݡףķͷȴ
ǲľڣˡ֤ڻ첻ģҵݺĸ׵Ԫס
ʱ£ϡ̫ʦŮλȣ¶ݺ΢Ȩλ
ƷҶѾ䣬ΩⱡĻʵۻ߸ϣԪԹޣɵװ
Σ

̾Ϣһ̫̫Ȱ⼸䣬Ҳ֪ôӺ˵𡣲֪鷿˽˰ա˵˾䣬
ˣϽˡˣȴûȥů£ڣƿдһ˶ꡣ

ǰп޺֪̳ڴˡ̫ӵı永ǣ̫ЩҪд̵˶ȥ
Ǽ˼޳ͷ翳вˣ춼ȥƲյġ˵ֿõУҲӲ
ˣдŶںšնĴֻðѴۣܵʵگͶһ־Գ֣ױ
˸ƤΧȹֳִ󵶳ȺһһʱʬأѪϴɱغޣĽ
һƬ

ЩûˣԪе˿Ѱʱ⵽׹ȥˡ룬̫ԲĽֶ°ܵ˵
òûƼЩӺޱȵĸۡǰ鳭ľʿǽѨһӪûƼ
ȵڷûƼЩ±ʵųն

ܵһҪ˻ٳ٣ɱף飬̫˽һϰ죬Żĸ
ڳнеһŶ˳ֲɾʵ˵ˣΪԺ췴¶ˣɴݺĳǣٳܲ½ѣ
λϰһɨ˰ɡԪĴõЩԪе⡣û̫ͬֻ²ܣ
ؾȥ³һ·𾭣ȥȥҲʵۼԼһգ׻ˡ

ǳˡʵ֮Ϊ̫ԳôҲҪӦîݣǴ䡣ʱ򣬰ٹУ
ݣ˳ܵҪᣬڻĽҰһӹ֣Ϊ顣оϸѡǧ֣·
ͻȻΧ׼һÿһ·ʱ书ҲƻľһϹԽ
ԽˮϵߣնġۡԶзԪϸе䣬ȴ룬ãװ
̱ǵѪζ嵭Щ

̨µİϷһ٣ǽԳһ̴ľϻװġԪⲻʶɣȻֲĺû
ʦԹ󣬶˵ÿװοʵ⣬س֣֮ʹáڹۣԳ
ΪʲôһŹŹֵ٣˼ˡ

ʶһҲɫƣֻЩˣ޶࣬ϧ֮⡣Ԫʱ
ԴĸʺһӲֻǷõһĽԳһ׾ͽ÷
ѩ˲йղѡ

ң̳ܵĿ񱩺ݾ˫ҲָͷƤѪ˻ͣ¡ɪӦҸţ
ȴݲҵв֮һ죬ϡԪѹֲסǻŭٱҪ徻ʲȻ
³ɣǸ˾ͻӴʧҲˡ䲻ãͳģպ󿴿Ҳùѩ޺ۣ
һ붼档뵽ְٷˡһ죬ͷȥԭʹˣʱٶһҡһָ
٣̾Ϣⲻǰ𣿸˦ɫҿ˻ҪԸһѷΣ
ã㵱ڹܳ˰ɣ˵걧Ħãѵõࡣ

̫ǰɽɽƽʱ̡ɽͺһСӴεΪǶʯףˮļ
ڼԳҰȻĮЦõطɱɽһӣҰҰͿ
ʬ𼣣ʡ£ˣ

Է֪ѣҽӲ𻰡պ֮ܵ۽ּҪƲڼҵУⲻ
ֻǶԳ˵ʵ۵ͷҪҪԪ⵽״ôӣ¶Ωôһ
ˡʵԳԼҲ״ڼʵڲӦپһЩЩССУװЦֻʮͬ
ͷϵһ̣ʱʹʱԹȴûа취εҲҪˡ

ˣԳ۾˼תת˵Ҳֻ֮ӣͳΪ
ֻǲ֪˭˭ǹһ֣ɿܿԷ¼ææϣһɫһϲü
һԾԾԵģ

Գصһ벻ڵһطͬɥǸոջؾԪ߷
һֻ޴Ĵɫ˩šǳڳɽͬһľӥܴշǧչɴ
ԳҲ˵ָָߡ˾ɣ֪ѲĻӽ쳪һֻԳȴ
׵ġ

ֱԣ֪𱰣ʫͣӢ˽Ħ񷣬Ѹ죬˪硣ǰ
𣬱ߵ˱нִ׵ĺ࣬ưצΪʳΪһأŵصֻҪ
񺣶ྴ׸͢ɾ꣬顣ʱ͹һֻӥϧʱ˲ѱС
زۣԳΪ˺Щ졣ʱͬһˣԪ˵Ӻɷ˸ʲôҳˣΪ׽һֻ
õˣ

ԳЩ룬ԪǵСʱһϷԣֻԼҲŵ˵ҪԺһֻ࣬
ҲΪһҪԸ˵˷ǣʱЦݣ˿̻Ρ
СǶԳҲͬˡ֪һأԪҪ⴫˵еıʲô

Գ軹ڳ˼˳شţǴ񶶿磬˶һһȵ˳
ϣ޲档ԳһЦ˵⺣رưĻϲȥ
һ㲻

ףʲôۼ⣬˳ԭĽϴŸϸ֮ƺ֡

ԳϸƣϿŰ˸С֣ΧһȦ壬Ӧŵţ

Գһʱˡ벻һֱΪѵԪʱȻһַʽʾҪʱµĳ
ŵʵл⾿һ˼еȻˡ

ʮ

𢣬֮¡ǳʽ߸ӣʼȨÿһ϶áվ취Ĵͳƣǰգ
ʵ۾͵իի߾իǸ£ֻ˰ǳ͵͵ģһ
ĶŵĹأҪʡڳʳֱ˵οǡ

ڶգףٽףڸףʣѧʿʵҪ׼һף棬ıϻҪ񣬽ף
̫ͤ⡣

뵱죬ʵ߳ڴǰ¡Ȼ߳ݷϣŻģ±ǰԳ
̫ʵᢴϴ

뿪ʼˣʵŰٹپ񣬵첯³ס̫Ϊף˾׾
񡣻ʵȺߵ˾ףβ㣬ףǰ룬ɡӣʵְϣ
ˡ

ܵҪͬСԪ߹ԳʱСָͷᵯ˾һֽŲԳӵס
ߣָһУסˡɫ̫վ·ִ͡Ԫε飬󲽴
ǰʱҲֻغһ

ԳССֽţдʲôҲܲµضɽЩǼʾ
ԪǰȻڳһųŲ΢ңʱƽʱ˼֣ҲһΪеǲ

ϣʱָֻ̫ƽյİԺŵĻҺ׽鳲вʱ֮졣Ԫںͷ
Գгͬһվ̣ȴ¶ǰԽԽòҺ
ʵֱü壬һѾԵ֮ˡ˱ض鵭ˮԳڴˣֻһ
ҪԺɣѳɡձգܾԵһĺ¡˶ߵòˣԪ˵
ˣҲȥɡ

Գͷе˻һΡǰͷȻ죬Ĵĸסȥ·
үǰ治ԶȻˣײλ˵ݣ·µģһʱ
áС˸Ͻͷ͸ţλǸС·Ƕȥɡ

ԪתѯĿ⿴Գ衣ͷʹȻ֪һбǼƻеĵһΪ˰С·ȥ
ǧƸߵϣǰԳӸǿʹǲɫЦͷ
ܼͣˡ

˲תͷٴнʮɽ·һƬҰ֡紺ʱէů˿ƣ֦ͷδޣԵ
ױԤĵص㡪塣Գһȣǿ˼ǰ档ۿıɹڼ
ɫȴ˼Σ̲סе裬һȡ

Գͷ£ʵԪǰһͻͻģһ˿ϣȴֿ
ԡڵȣԪԸı˴˺ˡ

ԪͷðƳһɫǿЦݣɰͰ͵˵û¡ֻǺȻмձ
Ҫһźã

죬ϹҺȾС߰ɣɫˣԳ֪ıԣղϷ֣Ҳʮʧ
λǰΪԼԥһ£ѵá

ߣ֣гʪбԪԳ迡ĳ촽زţ
Ҫ˵Щʲôȴ֪οڡͣͣѽһжԳ谵̾Ϣ֪ίʵ£
ӿٶȳȥһ·尾˶ùԼЩ±աһ֣Ҫ޲
ȻԪɳȴᶨվס

ԳȻͷ£ԪĿްֻҧס´ſ˵ǰȥã

ͷʲôȻһը죬ǰڣϢ˺һŻԪԪ⻹ڿĿϬ
ĺǣһЩ˷ǲľ飬ͷڻΪԼġ´ͱˣ
֪˵ʲôֻЦЦóɵ

ҸЩġԪѿŤͷóΪ֮ƣֻ˻ԭ·ɽ·Уӥһ
İΧȦƽصǡ

Ѿˣ޺Գش

ԪעӶԷ˫⸡̬֡ʱФ˶Ů̬͵͵ᣬϽʰ÷ҵ£Ȼ
˵ߣȥӥҴ˶һգ㱻Ƿ֣ӺҲɵֵһ󡣸ڻΪ
ԼңֻҪǹӥƽصǣ´󼪡

£Ҿ֪Ṽģϲ顣ԼС׽ϲĶ˱˰ڲҪ
գһֱѹΪƽϧΥοϵϲɫҪࡣ

ԳͷתͷУɽȥʱһŻССĻ಻ͷů
ĽϲޡС⣬֣߳Ժ󼴱ٶ裬ҲضḺ㡣

ʮƥһ룬ɽ·᫣ֻСĿַٶȡּѰʮӥڽ
ǰۿȥɽȻǰƽ֮ľڣȻšһԼɣ
ס漤ӿʯΣƺ졣

ԪͻȻ۾ָǰкһϣˣ

Գ豻ûͷûԵĻŪһ㶣Ҫ¾̣󱳷綯еǶԳ
ƲͬһֵܻԼ֣ϣеʱܲ˲佣ִﱳ͡һ
ᴩض

·ͻȻԳûоֻۣеһȻԼҰ߽ˡһľУԭ
˹ޱһʹγһƬѪεδʡҡΣ˿ѪȪӿ
ְסɫЦЦǹŹ֡һûд࣬ȴұ߷ҶԳ뿪һ䣬ôҪ
ȴΪҿԣһδԵ֪

¸պøϵŽס壬˿ΧѨѪʱЩæӻͳһҩ۷ϣ˺
˿ڡۼԳֽްѪɫ˵Ľ¡Ѫܵĳһ
ǡƽһű˿ҪȥնĲӡһֻشס
ӣ»ͷۣϢ΢˵˹ƶ˿ơ

̧ͷעĿŻ谵չ⣬üĴȻһߴڡǺ΢΢һ㡣͵תͷԹ޵
ֻԪЦվڼ֮⣬ͬеʰͣڵС

С⣬ĺϷԳ軺˵

ߣԪŭСˣǾͷıȴװ֪ҴȦѵ
˺ɣҲ֪һСȥһҪֻ¾ˣΪɣ
죬̳̽Գ赭һ䡰£˶ߣԷдƽﲻйĮԪ
ĺȻҲʱűüƺǼά裬Ӯκٽƭ˴

ڶķµɱСּȥʱԳҪͬһ·ϣʳа¹ҩ
ڲ֪жԼĿơ䡰ѡµֻҪһĸ֣Ϲƶͻᷢų
һҪԳ

⡮ǣ顯ʮҪҩùƳڼڴҪȫסǣҪٻһ򣬲
ƶֲԷԺС⣬㽭֮ǰҽʱѴ⣬԰ɣԳشϢ˵Ԫ
׽ϴ⣬˴ƣ⵱һʹѵ

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޴ˣͶɣڶϣһ󸸻һġԪ֪ı£Ϊһ۱Ϲ¶˺
ְСɣ˱üƻ

С⣬վѵ˰Գ˵꣬ʾ½Լڵϣվ𣬱һʯϡָ΢
Ϣص룬ס֫Ѩ󣬶ߣԤصϡ

Ҫ¼еԳһֱľҿԣѪͨҽ֪زףڵ
Ϧϲ˶ȥ

үûҪ췴˲ɣߣԳϢ΢вɿܵİϡΣֻᱧ
ȥ

Ԫ⿴Ҳֻһ֣ʱǰԳŰΧǰһֱԪ󣬹Ŵ멷ñ
ʼմĿͷһӶģʱȥ˳£¶һװԨͣţٲȻǽֵɡ

ԪЦλҴӴĶ֣ŵﶼһģҪ

Գ˹˵С⣬ٽһ°ɣǧҪ͹ĵˣԣ´ҪлԸңҪ
ǵã߸һԶԶʹ˽

ʮһ

ĺɫУԪЩӲǿЦ˵ɣõչжһʽĺ¡ڿ㡢ͷ
ҲӳЩڡƺóֺϻ·ͨһǣȫ塣һſˣȻŰڵϵԳ
裬ûһ˿飬ҲûһڤƮ߸ȡ

Ȫ߹Գ΢΢ü߹ͬʦֵܣѣΪа书ĸҩã벻ȻᱻԪ
⡣ƼأһֻӯңͻȻ˶й˶ġǰ˿ȴƱչһ㣬
ọ̈̄˫죬ĴϢ֫òϾҲվǿһԪס۲ɢֻǰһƬ
γʧȥ֪ˡ

Ȫ߹ȴʲôǫӣȻҲ˼ɵ幫̤÷Լҹõıߴֶ̣Ըֻ
ʣԳ衣ԪпڴʯϣֽģǱǿл£ȴʼûվµԷ
˵裬ôѪֺαӲͦţɣһ㲻

ߣ

㲻ңԪһ޺Ȼѱ硣

ţԳЦػΪڻáˣ˭ΪƱ߹شԼӪµĿҰ
۲ҪΪãȻϣýҾˣ

Ԫɫʱȫˣٲ໰ԡȪ߹ݺһ֣̤ϼսΧȦסԷԳ
۾ͷһƬջǿ˰ڲ֪µ˭Ҳû·ˣƱΩоһƴ
ٴθЦݣԵС⣬ûмҳְɣ

δ䣬ȻХ˫ӥצ״ֱ۵ļٶУ·߸ͬʱУϮȪ߹ͷʺҪ
ХĿƵƬƬеצӰ˷չ裬ּֿһצ֮ضɫɽּʱ
˽ధ

Գͻأķѣڳ˵Ԥϣ˭Ҳû뵽˴еȻ˵ʹ򣬶Һף飬ֵ
һбĺ쳣Ȫ߹Ȼһ֮£Ӳӣæ˶ܡ˱βˣؼˣ磬Գ
һǴæңͱ¶һ˿϶

Գ̸ʩľһ϶һӰӥƵشӶ˫ֱ۱չʮָȻһؿڣһ֣
ֻ꣬߶һ˺룬Ѫ໨һءԳЦţ˳һӣʬӦ
ֱ

ǡȪ߹ݼϷҲ˲Ѫȵĳ棬ӹԼͬ
Ƭʬ壬ʱ˻ܲҷڵأͬǶ۶Գħ壬ɢϢζпЦ
תϮʣµĹѸףʮָƿգŹҹްĺХһйغĿģǳ
ĸ״µĶؼצ书ԭմͬɹٶʽ˼ǿ
Ρ֮£ǿѪйһǱܣҪʩչ书˵ʤȴв㡣Ͻ˿
׵޼᲻ݣһצ֮ͨ񣬵ɱħħˡ

ԪģԳ裬̱ڲԡһֱԵ״æƵ͵Ϯһ
ԳʮָţȵزȪ߹еϴ书ͬʦҪ߳һۼΣԾȣɴһһ
㲻ȫߴ̶׼ԷȥʱĽҲˡıо綾Ĺ⻪ʵ̫죬
߷ߴ̣һлǴ

˲Ϣֻ˫Ŀɣġһ˫ѹʢˮƤңԿУ͵һ
ԲѪĳһˡȻһߣǹɾְ˶÷˳ȥ
ˤڵҲˡ

ԳǵѪЦȪ߹ֻʣֵݶצ֮£Ƭ̶ѷʬڵءɽ
Ѫأʬɢܣ˼ڤֻѪص

Ԫ⾪ĪѪԳһǰ˫˺ˡȪ߹˫־ȻƬȾʣֻѽ
Ǵʺ֮ϡԪ˶ڲΪ£ΪաԼٰıȵǰȴɲ
һֱЦСԼŬ˷·Ϊ˳ͽݵҰĶģ
Բλࡣзߺҧ㶯ְɣ

󾪣ȴԳýż߹һСʯٴλԵһֻΪ
ǡǣ顯ΪҲݡǷݼһѻˡ۵䣬˫۲Ѫ˿ڵʹ
شϢţŭԳ裬ȴҲ

˭Ҫ飡Ԫ˻󺰣ɱңɱǣʩᣬһȥ

ԳǻŭҵţȻʮָһݺݶסĲӡԪٸкѣǿ졣ŭ
ʾֱŶԷͷʮ꿴ˣʮʮԵ֣ʮȻţ˼ɻң뵽ľ鸺ģ
־ءԪǰֱðһһ󷢺ڣʶģ͵Ϊ֮ʱȻͷһɣʿӿ룬
ס

ԳۿֻҪټһ˱᳹ʧӴҲ˼ʹֺޡ
ɵһ̣ȻֵƵʹУֻ򵥵һԪʹ˽ˣȴҪڹ쳾尾
һ룬ñϧʮһΣߵأʱҲҲУԾ֣С
⣬ĸȥһԶԳζɣǽŶԷĺ󱳣촽յĶϣ˵С⣬ȥ
ǵϸ٣ͷ˶¹мǣмǣ

Ԫһ𾪣Ѹٻָ侲ɲϷŶԷԳѾҲЩظĦ˼¡
ЦҲ飬һأҾ˳ɣԪѾ˵ӣ׷
ͬһϸ˿ƣǻͲ֪ůľȻҲЩʹˡ

Ƕãɽ´ԽԽһƴɱԳϵ˿ѿˣҧ˺ƬӣԼǰ
ãӥȥԪ֪ԳƼˣΪ鰮ҲȲȨ
Ҫû뵽Լ˹Է᲻ԭסˡԳɳۣ˼Ѿг
ʲôѶϣȥģ

ԳЦûĵģֺαѽ˵겻ǶԷֻͷϴߺкɱ
Ԫͷȥֻǹӳգˣʵļҫ۳ᡣԳԥݺһҹʨ
Ӱ׾ʹ֮£Ȼٵ˼ޣſ㣬ǰϣ˻һʹԾֱ˹ȥ죬ǰ
ɿʧͷԳȴѵÿ£ءһһ۵Ծçգ
絹ˣԨμ

Ԫⱼ±վֻĿԣ˴˿һߣȴʮ£ȻһӿԼͷɲǼ䣬
ӿ֪ǻϲֻһ£Ǵһ˾ʹȥˣ˺󼴱Ҳٻصǰ
һĵһն֮еǣʡӽ󣬷˪ѩ꣬ҹλأֻʣһ˶ԡ

ҹʨӰܵ˴߱ƣȫôһԾʵ̫ǰ˫Ȼ̤԰ӵʱ׹ȥԳ
Ӧ٣һƻͷϣǰִܳɣ̤±ɽʯҹʨӰ׳˻׹
֮СʹߣգҲ˿սʵߣƾһ
ϵͷѪ֮ŰˣͻȻһѣΣֻתǰﶼΧסڴתһʱ赹ڵء

Ԫվڶ԰Գ赹˲侹ĳ嶯ֻ쵽һ㽩סˡʱ˼һѣ
ֻҲˡʱдӥУһӰת˲Է嵽ˡ

Գ岼һסǧ֡ºҵȲԼԼɾţǷ
ѰŴӥӺɽʱƼ費֧ءԷǰʧȥ֪ԳС§ڻУ޺Ƴһ
԰ʩչṲ۶ȥ

Ԫվ±ߴֱɽεͳ£أγѣһָ
˵ǿԾӥ˴ȥˣ

ʮ

Է˫ȱų裬ȫʩչṦһ·񱼣ػ˵ơʱɫոתΪ
ɽҰУľҡ䣬ľݷ˼䡣ԳӺ޶Է̼һܣ
һͷ鿴ϵˡһҪ类һˮͷ˸͸Գ豳˿ѿˣһֱѪֹɫ
԰ֽ۾գϸšԷС͸ңһĴڣǰΪûʲôѵ
ûʲô첻ġһϢģ飬һѰĺֱ뼹ȥȫѪҺᣬֻʣ
±𶥰ľ

ӣԷỽɬ

ԳһüëҲƽݷԳ˳Է󼱣ʱĽҰȱҽҩģ޼ƿʩ
ﲻɼӾرסˣؿڣ̰ӿһԳǰʪ˴ƬѹѹȴԽ
Խ죬һ·סԼȥϣеЩ΢£οֻһͷϿҵ£Ͽ죬Ͽ죬Ͽ


ɫȫˣֻڼϹżŲҰ׵ǣҪ˸šﴹб֦ϴԷͷӲһʱ
⡣һеС·תɽֱ꣬··Сʯݣûеƻ￴ȥСʯ
ԵЩ㡣ԷСȴຣնɵۣ˴ȶµĻϵص㡣

±һֱڴӰæԷдʣǰеˣ˵
һΣ㵹㲻ͣĳ;ۣ֮нǣֲ֧סһ£ȥ˹ƶ
ǲĶſƣ۹Է壬ټ֪˿Լӣ׽˾Ȼͬʱ£
ʹһʱĶˡ

Գ˯ãƲ塣Ƥ΢΢һüͬ˰ʹں
һѻ̵ģ֫ȴһòϾӥϣһˣǿлѪй˳ǿ¡ƾ
ıίһ£οҪԼλһʱ˼գºٵӪ
Ҳʲô¡ֻǵʱԪ˴ʹ˼㣬ԭеĸӲȫ˳֪ǿ
֮ǣȴҧʹϵͷ롰Ȫ߹ʱһֱ򲻿ɶʹ˼£ţ·ֻ
ʹܽʧŭԷйһ㣬һǻ֮Ҫ춼ͱ

Գһת죬ȴϢңʱʱȫơɢǰף֮˵Ĵ
һ޾ֲϧķΪԪڱɡʱڣȥҸ

һֱߵԷϲæʵӣЩˣ

Գ֪ң˼ӱʣͰƽ

ԷСػش𣺡ǻججģڸչء

еǹƶ²ô˵Ը˵ġ׼̻ؾȥԷԳ购Ϣ˵аȷ
ӥϢ¥ĴƹǹյܽӾȻү˼ѣ

ԷӦŵȥȴΪԾԳֻΪ躹ޣԭͷǡԷҴ
̺죬ģȻҲһͨˡܶ˻ֱϳɡͨ¥˰л
Żؾ

ʱ̫䣬СүͻȻ񲣬£ֻøʬ޴ϢѴ˾ǰ
ᣰŴ󿪣ߵƻ磬Һҡɽд𢣬ĹԱնţ
ëǰ·ѱлֽֽһӦڤֽ׻·һƬңԴԸ䲻
ݽš

ԳԷ廳ԳԵЦˣԶǿӵĴѼɤɩɤ䲻ѣƫƫϸ¾޵
죬ΪȤúúõ͡£үŵ㡣

ǣӦһȴһˡͨҽȻ֪Գнǿ˹˶֣˾
ӣֻԱ˵ֻһ˱ţֱھ٣γϡ

˰ʱ䣬ƹţӺһ۵ĽˡԷɫ磬δԷǰܽ
װ룬һ˴ƣܿ˶Ŀһɽǰ˵ƧΧߴֲľɵסκͼ
̽۹⡣ְһʯĻأǼɽͷ¸¡һİžʹ˴򿪡

ܽӵۣ·Ǵһصת˼Ȼʣ¶⡣ӵصгһ
СɵĻ԰÷񣬵۾գõľ߽ġм侫ᣬ᷿ɹס

ԳԷ֧Ҫȥסֻºܽӽһӡǻƽ˾ʹЦ
ȴ˪ݡŹԳ˫󣬷־һƣֱԳʱӡָɽ߸ߵ
ּŭҪȴԼ¶һ࣬ίίؽһС̣

ܽŭףҵĽ㣬ԼҲҪסСȴΪ˱һģ־
ѵô𣿣

ңԳЦҲһʱѪûô࣬Ѻˡ

žһƣسϣƷ٣Գûģ֪ˣ㲻
ȥãֻǱֵšܽԲޣǽǰԼڣ⵱
͸ﻹʱڣ

´󾪡ǵùżأ⡰ơǷ֮置ʥŮеĻܱⱦؼֻһ޷ֺ
ɵνڵʥŮഫͬһ֪ĸѲģͷ˵λ˳
΢ȴɫ˫ԳüʵԼҴү置ʱΪˣʽȢţǰһ
ѵȻǴ˵ͨ죬置ʥŮ̫棬ˡ

Գ˰ã̾Կպˣǰƴʹ졣

ܽɫȴֽԳ֮״ͷһᡣǵλȻΪʥŮĽҲ
㡣ˣƴһѪŵƽ̳ţ޷˵ǺӵȥˡѲԶڱ߹زûң
һҲҪסɷĹѪ֣֮ǡ룬ĸԳӣѪǣ޿ɻ
̾һڳӾнмӴС飬飬¶Žɫҩ裬ݸ˵
ˮһš

Сҩ裬Ƕŵһ㣬ԭƣƺɢ࣬ɰȡԳȴ̾Ϣο˷
ǧ׵ҩΪʣʱ䣬㹻źһˡС̣ܵҿġ

նεıˡǣ顯Ҷָͷܽ⿪㣬˵ܽӰ۾һɣڳҪ
ҪȻû£㲻ȴеֶΡҩƣɻˣӽʹû
Ҳоһ˿ʹúܣ÷ˮ

置Щ˼ֶα죬Գ֪һŵôʧɫٲҶ˵ϻԹſڰҩ¡
¼ޱȵҲб˽һ죬ҪЦת뵽ܽӶûа취κˣ۾ָ
ˮ⡣

Գļͷ˵ɵӣ˭ܲˣҿүͰ鶼ˣҲûʲôźġҲˣ
ȥɣٹүмҪԸȥ졣УǧҪС֪ˡ

ʮ

Ԫӥصʱɫű㿪ʼ´꣬ͺүȻ뵹ϴˮƵעúܣ
˱ԳٵǼ仰ɽŲӿȥ

ٺúõĸڼϣȥʱѻ˱һҡ˵Ҳ֣Ԫÿܾ
ôڻСʱڹӰԹɳԸ¶͸ί

Ԫ䣬Ӳ֪ΪʲôһûľͷȴΪᡣ̾˿Ȱοⲻ
𣿺ˣˣɫˣ⼸Ҳۻˡ˵ָ꣬ͷᲦ£ɫǼϿŵ
ͼհܱ¡ϲиضʢʱݱһֱԪİ֮ָͷ
֦ٶĿת۶£ҼнԳԲ󣬻ŵ׭Ԫû뵽ͼﻹ
һ㶣æĿȥǡ衱֡ʦ˵ģʱʲôˣǳԳ
֮֡Ԫ룬ʱ֪ԼҪˣΪʲôҪķһ룬̲סһ
ǰѾķ⵽˱ѩ룬ôᱻңǽȵͣ˶Ͼ¯һ
ָ֪סһקҾϡȴҶ֮ʱ֨һͻȻѳΣ


ԪʰһŮСЩͷˣزµ΢ơŮòű澵ĺȹ
գ׵üǳЦ̬֮ˣûҼҲƽӹƶԻ˱⣬þʱʶ͸
ڶǸīɵıϻСֻƬɫҶӡԪⲻʶҺԳܵϻϿ˰˸С֡Ҷ
֥ɽٶΪ˷һȴƤߣΪϸ£Ԫϸ֮·־ǱĿģ
ϺԼһ޶Ե÷ǳ졣

ԳȥʱԵС⣬ȥǵϸ٣ͷ˶¹мǣмǣԪ
Ȼ⣬ֻһʱ벻͸ԭɣҶ֥Ҷ˵ЩȴЩĪѰ˼ţͷŮߵ
ʵүһҪүԹĿ

ýԪüˡ£֮ѵΪԳ

ŮŸнϣԪʾսսشˡвûзɳİҩֻ
͵߲һáŮи̲סЦˣºȤ˰Ͱ͵ͿĲ˹

ʲô

ū澼ƶʱȥҰժĲ˻ȥ䵱ȣϵõġ˵ⶫ鱡֮
ÿͷпһүҪܿ࣬۸ٲ绹ҪûҲ
ŮЦ˵ȷԼɫʱѳڣŵö£Ͻʩˡ

ԪûҲԪģ飬ҪΪԳֻعֵȥ˭ҪԼĹʮΣĸ
ͷƲȴ׸Щð˰Ҳ֪ԳһָͷݺֻץסһЦ
ԹܶǸˮ˺ĳĶթΨлȨ档ĸ޸ס޹ʡްʲô
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Ȼ׻˵绯뿪˾ܻ⣬ȴ·ſġͻȻЦȴӿ̰ɣ
Ȩѽǰ̣ҲҶȥˣ̣Ժû˻ỽСˣ̣ٶˡȻ£ס
ٿ޵ԳӥתһԾʱԼʧȥҪĶֱʱҶۣʹ
ͬ˹ơ족һ

˵߿࣬ϣԹᣬ룬󲻵 ԭ仹һĵĿʹڲ

µڶ߽ԳʱܽʱˡأСơֹѪ
ҩϢһҹѺ˴룬ҪĻˡΪ޷ͨȫΪ˷ա

Գݹȥţ˵һ͵ϸλ֮ʼδ𣬿ضжһ⽻
Ңأھǹ԰ﵱϰ壬˵ү˼Ҫذž͵ԭң
뾨£ʱǡáһ͵߹ظˣҪ±үԸ

µͷӦŵˡԳȡһ̴ľͷϻӣˣǺһƱÿһŽˡЦˣү
ɣүһܽǺ뱲û䰡㡢Сүаš

ǰãʱ鵭ȻذԼ̲סٴʹޡԳţ־ᶨרйˣ
һصƣزϡԹ˭ıһУʹԼһ
ܽгҸۣʲ԰ˡధȰο

ܽһ԰̾ϧѡԳϳɣϾҲǸʮˡ꣬ȴ˴ĥͨ͸һѪ
յˣ̶ֳȣضǷǳʹˡ֮һɱ˲Ѫ

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үǲҪˣܽط˶ȲԷ廹ӣʵֱˣһίء²˵
޷˵ǣۿȥ۵һޡǸĺȴûģԭɱϵһû
ˣֱǸ걻˴ʬٳʱСӣԳôĽ̵Էˣʲô
ģͷתһ߻Լ

ҹԳһǰдţһ׼ԷġԽҲвԿԷر
λдһ룬Ÿ֨һ£һӰֱߵǰԭԷˡ

£Է۾·ʲôâģһģԳ貢Ǵ֮ˣǰΪûȥ룬ʱ
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͸ûģ΢Цô˯

Է߽˫ϥ£ӷԳϣĿ˵޸ĸһ˲Ҳúúõġ
ŵҪµģֲһǰѣҧͦסǰװͶ̥ˣ׸
Ҳա

Գ΢΢ᣬ⻰ǵԷʱȰ˵ģû뵽ôȥˣһֲļǵáԷ˵ʱ
Ѿ޲Щ˲źãүһඥˣСнȫүȫġһˣС廹ү
һ£

˵ɡԳˡ⺢ӣøߴ׳ȴһƸжģŮ¸ۡ

СүߵʱҲңһˣ·Զį

˵ɵ

Ҳضܹ˵Щû˼ĺݻʵһ˺ܾãˣ벻үģүҪǲˣҲ
ˡֻҪһ뵽ӽ󶼿үߣұʲôϲ

˵Խ˵ԽˣԳ֮߳ˣֻǲԸ⺢ӳ鰮в԰ΣԸԼ
Ϊ¶ֻʣ¼ˣźһкҸɽˮ̵ڣһ˾ȥ񲻸ɾǷ
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Էӵվֽ⿪Լ·һþɳԳҲЩ޴ˣҪʲô¹£
ǿ͵ֱȶӻҪƯϸͷɢˣںڵķ˿ˮйһ¡ЦһԳδ̬΢
Цţ˵Сǵү˵۱Σ̽һģĪڴ֮䣬֮ʱүС
⣬һ԰ɣ

ɣ˺أһ仰ѿںԳԼŶʮֱŤ⻰˵ģôͽϷСϱ
ƵġֻӲͷƤҲȰȰԷ˼үˣҹˣȥɣ˵ֺˣ⻰ҲУ˵̫û
ӵơԳ˼ˡ

ԷЦ⣬˼ʱһֻŶ̤ײˣһֻŻܲѰ˼飬Ǹ
˵⣬û˭ܽ˷ִ硣յ㹻һǰչͷȥԳ
գǽѾɵ촽Ȼǰȴ±çˡ

ԳϱһڣȻû뵽ҪܣģҲ֪ʲôζ֮ǴˡԷ̾Ϣһٴչ
һĴһȥ·ָ̽ȥŵУ滺µƤǼģ
뵽Լ޶࣬󻶵飬ҲʱƴоѣæҪƿԷ
ϴӦһֻ§ŵڴϡ

Գϻж磬ʵ˼أȫܽӵҩ֧ס壬ȻЩˣſڻˣ
ȴһĶ˱ÿһθ¶ҧˣ־̫ŮǱ
һ־ԷζʮˣеݵأԴһɬɬᡣһ룬϶ʱͺˣ
Ҳ̲סѿһ⵱һ˵ԽˣԼһǿǣŭϸϸƷλԷǲ
޿ɾҩ

˼룬ԷȴƳ۽Ǻ飬ǶԼȫ޺øУʱϲóտ޹˼ɣҲԽ
£ǳΪ˸Ĺʵڲ̫ԳĴϢȴܿ켱׵͸ļȾһ㵭ɫ
ѱ

ԷϣԼ彫ûʱųһ亹С壬ģ

ȻģԷ͸ʹôˡҪףĶΪģȪ
Ҿûо󻬿ص˽Ľϣһ򣬶ѳһϸϷҧǿȥ
һԷĶǣǰ˿ڣЩܡԷʹôѪĲλ䣬Ⱦôڼ
һƬŪ˶ԷԽСˣһںŻض̫ʹˣƽշ˫ü΢΢šţΪİ
Լ⣬ʹͿԽ˻ʡ

ԳЩãˡʱ򣬾ȻԸԣǿ͸˵ٴθеһ˿ɰ
ãִϣץΣ³֣ˣ

ԷƲŵضֿȷϺѿ조ۡʹԳ§뻳οү
һԵȻ֪һ̰ޣսֻأĻϵԼѪ᲻ˡ

ʮ

Գºĵڶ죬Թʤһϻ:ȮݳߣԸù磬Ϊݹ֮
Դǡܵ۴ãĵϼһ㻹ʶ࣬һҲաϼƷ½硣
͢ǿȨĹݶѱʰɾʵΪӴ˿ɷĸԣһͷҲͲôˡ

Թʤֻʱ˴ҴҴװ¶ϼ˿⣬ӶǲɢԺһ
ʱʹȥ¥աڼھ鷳ӱܻ֮ߡеġǣ顱䱻ܽӻ
⣬ǣʱʱѣҪһʱ䡣Գ԰͵Թʤ뾩ǰи
ܼҴ˸ŸԳ˵Ϊһ˽սҷǧˮ𣬴ΥһΪ֮Ҫ˼


Գͷ˰죬ﵽײԸŹǸ߸ϵĳˣǻش֪ˡϹܼҵһ㹪ˣһ
ķϻҲûСԹʤ֪ԼӴСᶨ⼫ԲȰֻ˽ԭɡϹܼߺ󣬳踺
ߵǰգ룬Ҫǻ׵Ļʹ˰˰ɣֻϧԼûһ˵ĳԭ
ĸ׶һЩЩ˸УԾüͷԱ߹ĸϼӡԳ貢ͷֻ̾Ϣ
С壬˵үǲ̫ˣսһ𣬾͵ö޹ˡ

ӲʥȻҲФν֮ˣˣˣԷøɴ쳣˻
Գϣ̲סЦˣүΪ˵Ҳǲأ˵úã

˵䣬ŽˡԳƤһ죬ʱЩȻҹƣ룬ֻ§סԷ壬
úðο䣬˱ӵų˯ȥһ˯͵˵ڶ죬ܽӴ½ʱģ
ЩѪоȡúͬʱ¶ֵı飬˼ԣ֮»ܲʧɷɫȻɫж
Գ豻Ƕûڣֲý˵ʵûʲôƫƫǱٸЩŤԷȴ̹Ȼ󷽵ĺܣԼһ
Ӻ˹ѡ¿ɻˣºܽӶһۣȻԭСģ׼
˻λĳԸˡٴοԳʱ۾ζϷʣҴӴԺһֱı
Գû˵ȥֻͣᣬƤ׻ʵ˱ĵı³¶ѿ顣

¶ﰵЦҹ飬ǰʹԷˣֻΪϲһǿӣԼע࣬
Źװ֪顣Գ裬֪ԼºСϷˣ۸˺Щ죬ַȥҹǧ׮ɡ

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ŻǴϴġ˼ȴαʵЩϧˡԷ忴ҩ꣬˿
һǻϲѹϲԼֵһСڵóԸҲʼŽĸˣѹȴΪ
Ӳ᳤ãԳѹƲסˣʱ޶ࡣ͵͵ʹԷкδ㣬ԷһƽĻش
үڹײһطϴӦ£»ÿȫˡһ;ĵʹĺӣ
ˣæˣֻʣôˣ˶ദһҲǺõġ

ҹԷʱʱڳ߲뿪ԳҲԣô˵жȴ٣
ζײܣ˿ȫȫԼǸο뵽Ȼ¶һЦЦĿȴֺݾԷ
߶̱֪꣬ؽд·ӣʲô£

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⻪ת·һ㡣

գùԭɪ壬һƬѾľǺȻͨʳǵĸֵϣССɫٽһ˽һˣ
ӵĴҴҶǻʵӡվ⣬Ⱥصű˾Իƿʱ¶
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һ֪УڳɹԪȴЩνĹãȻˡһ·ؾ̲Ωоƴɱǰ
·ʴδйƬãҲС˴ʱ׺ʬҰǼؼȴҲ˵ӰˡȻ
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һ̨ףвٳƼˣæȵĹλƵĻӺѡԪһһòܵ
ȻЩӭ֮ͽ񣬵ҺƵһ꣬Ѫܣϰ˼Ϸʱ񲿹Ա
ԱֳֻƲ˽ȥһּ̨̫ϣɤӺּٸλӡڸ帮
ڽһּ⣬ڳԱ֪ܵҪھйԱһȫΣֻҪشʱŻᷢ
ڹԱֶ̲סͷӶߴߴ۲ݡԪ⵭΢Цɵȵһˡ

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ҡϣϾȷ̫ѡͶԪ⣬˾ȻΪҡźֻȻʵ׼ڸ󳼵Ĺۣ
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ԪģȲóȨƣȺȻֲԪ誵򶷲̫ӵԶܽϣ²ڡԪ
Ŀ˳¶һ˿ϲɫ򶨾ֵüνˡСԪ񣬻Сӣ˸磬ֳ͵͵
˵Ҳдˣּ

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޴вתԭʵĿ̫ѡⳣһ򲻴ܵӵ仯̫ͻȻ
ʵĳ͢سʧ벻֪ӣһļž

ԪԪĸֺԴͺһˣЩһҲûȥ֫ǦƵģãǿ
ǿתӰ׼ȥԪһǴҲϡĲߣ࣬ˡ
Ԫ˽̣üëϲ߸ߵţкƵʱ򣬴˿δŵ˳ЩƽʱࡣԴ
⡰һðͷԪɻҵ˼ʱһһµʮ˲ԭˡ

ԳͷһǷ˿ϵĹСŮϸü˳ĿˡԪ⼸ﷴ鿴
ΣûͷʲôΣֻǾûʮ죬ʶȴôҲ벻ԼġԪ
һУ˲䶼ͨˡĻӵòܵ۶һЩϸ֮£нǵüĿŽˮᣬǻ
ŮʮơȲҲδƽƽȴĵˣʣʱܵ۱ɡ

ԪһΣ赹ɤӿһǻѪζҧסûеһʼΪԼʲôط˲
ӣڽлʵʱı˵⡣ʱףԼ˼õһӡλߵ˼ûиıһһ
ҪѵλԼ֮µĶӡ

ͷ˶֪ΪѹƷͷӽһʲŮ˽ǵٴ
ʫд֣Χ弰ٰɣͽй䵱ԼŮܵ۾ҹеļһŮУʮ»
̥µӤԪŮӲǾˣҲεó裬ǰֶû̵򲡴ֻܵǿڻʺ
ϲᣬԪйһжǼ󡣻ʵΪ˱ԼİˣŹ䵭ĸӣ
ӽǾΩܱסС

Ԫֻǰڣҡҡ׹˼·ԽЩԵϸһ㸡ˮ档ѹЩܳŮ
ǣǳ¹ĸϣԭʵЩѰӰ֮˵Ӱӡѹ
۶̫ӵǰȽԪȥº̫ӽеĻҲûܵ׷˼ƪ𾭾¡ѹֻʵۻҪ
飬Ȩ⴫λԼļ̳ߵⱩݶһԤʾֻ
ԼֵȨŪԺˡԳȴ͸ģشӹŪյĻʾ
˵Ū

ʱλԴţ˵ˣԪӽҪ̫ӵ£ҪѧϰΪܾ֮
޵ʦְ˽̵㣬Ժ̫Ҫѧϰ񣬴޵һЩۡ޿֪꣬һ
ܸɺõġ

ʵһٹٶѹһԪˣⳡ֮սʤѷ֣֮Ȩ
Ȼ䣬ȡ֮ԪվǶܵ˵ÿһ־ףһͻϣʹ
ͲģҲֲ֧סˡĿĹˣƺѰʲôĶ̬ůŻڰͽֺĹԱ
ǣ˿ΩϵԶڼʹѹУ˻ĻŪ۹⡣ѿĳ棬
ԪⲢİĸʺ󣬾ʱʱҪԣһȫζˡѹԳ˵Ҳ飬һأҾ
˳ɣԭȻϵнգҲ˽Լ֪Լԣ⵱ͷһʧܵζʹࡣ
ãããһνЧһָͷͽиĳվ֮࣬˵ڻУȴ
һడҲ֪ˣӥʮָ֮ºùЩԳ裬˼ֶΣ


Щ磬Ҳģϣһλ߸ϣòɫĻʵ⣬ʲôˡҲ˲þǰʧ
ˣֻŻеĶţ֪ѽ˴⡣ʹ߳ܣȫռġ˽Ԫ⣡

֮ƵңԶѵתֻԪһ£վؿڣĸ
һҪ£ֻϧӣģǿĲ˰ˡҪдƶ˲
û֧ţҲڵصһ١

ԪţӲڳԣһһ˵ˡԪĿʹѵһѪ½
ϡָŶԷ˵侮ʯ𣿡

ôԱˣ˾ô㣬ӦӦֵġԪ謺ػػ

ԪЦǲѪȴ·û֪ԭǲʳ˼̻磬ҲΪ˶˷ģЦ̫ſ
ǣѪһѪԼӶȾˡֺһ˵ֻˣҲԪġ
㵱ɱ˵Ķӿһɹѵ㻹İһ߱ͳֻ磡ⳡ׷
Ϸһûʤġ

ǶԳȫ飬ֻΪּ֪·ѣȷˡһѱ
꣬Գһֱĵףδ֮ڿڡճٺᣬҲûܰﻰƳԪ
ɵ¶ĻΪް׾λˣûָˣҲ˳
뵽ֶ񶾵Ľ˵ʵҲģûȥˣ绹ȥѰң顣

Ԫ謿˵֪ҪôױСݺﻹܻ졣ңģԺ
鱾˭ҲԤϲġߵܱȳ˶೤һֻ󿴵ۣҲͲн֮ˡ⻰ﲻһ֣ȴʲô
ԶҪ׺ݡԪӶٴ죬һڵϣûһϣۡһǼѪ̴
ŻˣæȥѰȥˡ

ʮ

Ԫٴ۾ʱϵģ֪޾У͸Ѿվͣﶼʼˡһţ
ٻæ˰Գ˹һôѾˣʣ¾Ҷ
֥ҶһűƤߣȻ֪Գб⣬ȴȻ벻͸ͼΪΡѵǽɽٶҩȥ
ۻȡƺ̫˼Ҳ·ߵԭɾ͸û˵ˡ

ڴϣɫ԰ףƺ͸ɫ㲡㷴㣬̲סһѪӿæ
ϣЩȥͨڣֶҩιʱм˼ܴ˺ͺܹݣ


Ԫ֮ʧִҩ룬ҩ֭Ƭءææ׷ʣ˿ɴʿӣ

ˣҹ￴̫ڰЩΪѵӡԪʱɫҰףеһִδйʧд
ĵ𣬾˱סƵģֽŶãҲ˵һɹ亹űֱʡˣô
Ūˡ⸱ģŻˣһ˫֣

Ԫ˱ۣеƤԷ˵ȥҸҪ죬Ҫ죡ǲ⣬ȶеĿ־
ŻȻ˵ײײܡԪǾҶ֥ҶڿУԼϳߡ

ܾͺһٷվףʣ¾ȿ˵ʥּԪⲻ֪㡢̰УΪצ
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ȥϸֻһ䡰ʶƵȡƴ÷꣬ĸʥּҲһ仰ʮ
һû䣬졣ܵΪһӰģǹʹ˱һ߿ȻҪȥЦһô
Ӧ㻬䣬һǻΪۣ˶Ϊ˲ϧԳ跴Ŀȴǲ
ò˼ҵԮ֣˼ҵĶͻҪԼţܴɡ޵أھٰ

Ա־Լһӵϣס˫ۣн񡢽˿ƵľƱ¶ơԪⲢֻת
׼ܾؽһʦ

ܾ壬ܵۼΪεĹ֮ԪԴɽׯ֮δʽʦȴһֱʦ̷ǹ
ܾвЩ⣬̾ҲԹޡˣʲôδ£ұؾΪԸ

ҲûʲôҪ£ֻ븹۵ѵһʱֲʵ̫ѿĸ״ԪƼġ
ʦЩңºҴҪǿţôҶڰˡ

ܾǸ˹ˣ˵ÿͷӦˡǰԼֽӹҵЦ
ݣǻʶƵţʮǰһβƣʮһ˵꣬𶾾һⶾܽʹϸγ
ǿ̸ʹҪҡƬ̺ڴʹ޵ܾͺ¶һۣԽȥ鿴ֻԪ⽩
ԴϣѪޱϢǶˡ

Է弱ҴҽԺӡһһغҶҡʱֻûܽޡȤԵЩˡԳ
ڵӻеϱĿУеǰվһˣһۣԷ塣Щÿһۣȿ˱
ԷɣչһЦԷ屻Ц˻ǣ£Ҳһʱ˵ˣƾŶĬܸ
Լµġ

Գ˵ͷ㣬ʱԪӦװˣߵʮǱǰɡǻʵּˣթκ
֮ΩԶıɽһãһȥһټ֮ʱܲܣȥٿ
һۣڻӲĳϸȫ̿ĿǰڹϣвòͻŪòʰ
ɲǼӹֹؽڣһͷж£ڽϻվãѿʼԼ򽭷׼õ
͸֮Ԫ誱ضͲסԭ嵴ǵȻõᣬѷԸ˴Ź
¡һ㲻õģƾֵʵҪ̤ƽκ¡ԽߣԽعļÿƣҪ
ңӱضҳһġ޵ѲãȻȻͻᳯӦеķǰ˵޷Ƽ
Լҵȴضñִʱÿпˣ뵽ԳЦһЦԷ˵ȥɣѰ½й


º˫ۣһԳЦʣǰڹĵˮ𣬿ɳˣҪУǵøСһ㣬
үҪѳᣬû˼

ۡ¿ˣĶ

ǾֻðԶԶ֧ˣȥһˣ˵иռֵҽܻشȥġϣԲȱ
޺ҪȰԳеؿһʯѹţѣ֪Լҹֲ̼ԷĶ
·Ը¡Ϣº˵պԽȥүϻĶ˵ԸСҲ
ɡ

ѿ޵һͿΪ˺ƭԷֱǿջЦԷ˵ҵҽʱϲҲ̳ǡ
Զˣһƨֿޡſţ˵̧ͷȥȴֻʵһܽŴӰŽ


һֱνһͿأȫ޵ˣʱٴμʱȴǲ壬˯ڴԳ
üͷţͷȫϸΪʹҧѪɫȫ޵˫ΪδɵѪ۶޺죬ڽǿ͸һ˿
ĵʹϧ֮࣬ϽһɴšһߣѨС

Գӻ֮Ϣ΢ʣ£ôˣ֮УΩλֻʵ
ԾȻ

ܲ𣿡е㲻˵ţݽд˵ԼˣҪҳκŸ㸸
µǿ塣廪дһּΪݽ塣Ǹˣﻹ֮˲
배ҹ·ǡԳ轻ΣÿÿܱļΪ˵˺˽⡣

ЦˣֱԲԭ뷨ģӣθϲֻϰˣ̲סҪһ
ԡ£ѵǴӱַɹĲɣ

ȴߵͣ꣬Ҷס㵴ɽϡ˼ɿڲ˻ʵͳȰ裬
˳ĵطһסǰءǿѹؼ˵󡣡

ЬϥϣԳҪϥá⿪·ǰѩ׼ϣ͸ĵһ˺ۿȥޡ
ڴ˵ط̽ӣ֪Щӥ飬벻ƻ۶ǵ꾹һҲһ֡
˵ʲôζǿѹסͷ𾪣ƷԳϡԳƼΪգҩס
;ƿݣڱֻʵ֮ǿ˿ɼⴿӿ˳žߣܴľһһͨ
Ԫ󻺻뵤

Ϊˣ깦󺹣ˮһ㡣Գ㲵˺ܾã
˹һ֬ĵ̺죬յ˫ĿʹƽյϬǣȴѽ̳˿ɫ
ָ֣ؿ˺ӹ·Ϊƽе˿ڡָͷ΢΢̲סҪԷһ顢ʵʵ
οڻͣ̾һšºܽӶſڵϢȻһ˵
֮ǣ书ҲסˣΪйգȬ

˵ȻͼһӰѪűԭԷ塣̫죬˼Ѿڣס
˯еԳޡ

ӱңֻһ뿪Ұôܽһ˹ľͷһȣ˵꣬Ƴ
Լǻȥŵû겻壬æסеû£Ҳˡ

Է巽һΣԽԽòԣ׶Գ費ףŷûԽԼƭߣǼظϡʱ
µĻšԳ豻˳òУƤӶ˶ߺߵ˵ô֣Ҳˡ

ԷϲЩţͰ͵شʣòǻعⷵհɣҶæտ裬ûʱشִ
˵ûӣǲܻġ£ҪΪҺãͳȫҰɣһҡͷЦ֪ô˵۵
ס

ɵӡԳ§ڻ

ʮ

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ڳ˶Ϊѭö̬ܵˡ֪ĻĲҪǲܡԪҪ
ϵĻλүˣȻ˵ԼֻԸ°գҪ뿪һȪΪ飬¿ɽлʵ۲
²̨ˡ

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ĸ׽ԴʵǾ¹ɾССĻʹҲ޹˲ĵطΪĸƽֻӲ
ĳ䵭ǣеίԪףһһҪ㰡

ԪС£ֵɫɲԼ⣬ӱЩʱ˽һƬ
ȻǸжԶȨƷľȴᶨˡװܻɱӣ߱ΪУֵܾˣ̶һ
Ͳ롣Ҫ˻ʵۣϲһˣ˵Ϊ˶ԷûҪԷ˹ӣһƽͷ
׶ϼϲޡױ㳢͢ůеĿദκ˶ᶨػش˵ʴ
һģףֻ˸־Ϊ룬㲻Ҫһصֻ뾡
뿪ǣһĴɢס

һܵ˵ôˣúǡ

ůҺ̣ȥˮ߳ŮңڴĲӿ

ʵ۾þòܻ͵ֱߵȨƻλᳪĽŮӺͰȾƵܵλʮ꣬Ϊ̫أ¹
ϣĵӲ࣬꣬᲻ݣġԪ΢׵ޣ˵Ϊ
£Ҳһ׮ˣ඼ÿġѾ˭˵һ仰˵ΪѰζ˻ϣ
ܵ÷ЩʲôܵõЩʲôֵ벻ֵůЬĽɣԴΩԼ֪

ʹ뾩Ϊʾٻͷľģǲɢ˵ȺһѻԼӷֱյ죬أδϨ
²棬Ũȴֱܵվڸ¥Ͽᣬֻ֮ôһʥּ޸أ˴Ѳ
֮Աӵƣ͸ԼӰӵٱ

֮ھﴫ÷зӯ졣СԺУĳڻƷ衣ƺ鷳˼ˣƴ
ɱһѪ·ȻᡣҵزϧķԪΪԪ󣬲ɫ⼸ǷѾ˲ε
ʹƴҪӲԪ

ˮ衢ֻ͡ʵϸʮָԼǰζĵ׶ʱҵˮ͡㵴ɽϣҲԲͣ
ģһͬⰲеʱ⡣ϧȥ׷ǰһ˹йǡѪѪһ޶ķ
ϣȴվʹᣬ𣬳Եȴǿɬζ貢δºַ
һ

һֱиʣʱ̲סʣ˿Ѱ㸸ףȴʼղӦ֪Ǻԭ򣿡
һĿɿڴ˹ģ׷˼ҶӴΪʲôõģ⣬⣬ⱱֻʵҲ̫
޼˰ɡ֪˺鲻񣬼ǻҲһҰҺޣظһݺᣬ£׹ϸڴ
ء

Գ룬п࣬˵ҸΪ˺ҲǲԸǾ֮£ʵġ

Գ˼ԣ־ԳʵǴĲáྭӪ꣬УӦ÷ϱ
ңչͼǡȴ˽ȴ棬Ѳľ֡ǲףֻ쿴ٴеڴϣ
оһ˿ԥûУֻҪסΪ廪ΨһĶ̫ǣǿԼ˵
ȥΪ˶գܾЩ˼顣˿̣һֻ֣ʵͻȻ뵽ҪԼûлȥλ
ɽΪ飬˻᲻ҲһУ˴ӴɽµĹһӡһ룬ʹ

Գ費֪Ƽв辡ٴһЩҡͷЦлֱ˵ɣα֪Һþȴһˮ


Цˣ¹ȻӢ䡣ԭƻȵڽ£κ֮´֣Խ
ֻĩڣû١ȻԶǻۣԼ˻λҪһܵ۱ѡֻٻԪ
̫ӡ˾ʮָҲκȥĸ󻼣ԪϽɽѸá

صͷκش˳ͬģҪսʤ֮쳣ѣûʮ깦ɲˡִΣ

ֻøıƻԽȻ±·лκԳ˵ɴˬϼ죬һ֪
䣬ֵ̾ƻ

ԽȴҲǸӣ˵ˡ˽ԼĲѣǵˣ
ΪΣһеġ

Գ貢𻰣ֻԶԷռ㲻ԷٽӣԼһֱ
㿴ģԺҾֵơ٣ЩĹԽˡ

ԳµغԷһֱǰΪɣԼҲѳ飬ôޱˣٴ
˰ǹ˰޴εǱʵڽΪ顣ʵҪΪİ֮˽ЩŴ󵨵Ļ
飬ҲԳƽصķΣֻ˿ģ鰮һִءԪܴ̫
˾ȻЩη岻ǰŲԷ壬ֻδԭ˿ڻѪԼԸȥմҲбȥ

ԳԼ£΢΢¿ȥ۽һԽԵѪ˺ݵЩ֧룬ɫҲ
̬ȴؼλһҪӢԻ֮ʮֵĮʦѵ廪
δκģʱһתҲЩҡ

˼ϸ壬磬ڽԿһĵ̲סүӰӣԷŤ˺ò˵ͷ
ҪٱƤıֻʵ۳ºã鵽һƾϺֵ겻ĸ飬޲ð
ҩϴԳɾͺһ˼

ʱɫɵģģֻ߻ôһĨδĲǰиǽԷ
ĸ輧£ǱޣԸһۣ齣Ρ

Խˣȴ棬ȴǸлԲɡػں޽ӣ˶Ƴˣԭʧȥ˲֪Ȩ²û
ôҪҪܴͷԼβػλԳȴһ·ң޹ҪȥѰһ
徻ǱޣԼһ̫ˡԣ㽫»һ̾

ʮ

󣬹Գһ㣬ּܵؾʵʧ˰ӣӲȣǾʦŵĹԱڷ
঻̻̲жտాٳն񣬳ˮԼΪ˱ܻ˵ģ˵ְĹԱÿ춼ʮÿ
ǰ𸴵عٱҲ

ԪԶڽϣûụ̈оͳһ׮¡ܹܺ¾Ȼʧˣպű˷ɽϡʹ䱸ɭ
۾뿪Ժ˾Ұģȴһ֪ɲǣλܹ״ң۱͹ʬȱȫ
λʸ˵ǻŵʱͻ˺ɵġޱȣɽ޳ûȴӲֻ٣ֻڸƫԶ
ЩȪɽϲУɱ˵İƴèǴӺζ

֮δ壬ܵεĴ󳼲ܾﱻһ֦ǹϡܹ³ͼͬ
һߵſڣȻһ죬ǹ˵һƿշᴩؿںྡྷδߣ˴ֱ
ϡܾ˫аߣѪעһʱδñᴹͷһĹʱڳ
л书ʩȣɷ˾ţ֮βǹֻؿŵһƷԱʹм尾ȥǹ֮
·ħǹһ㣬ųƴڵһֵͳٶΪֻøţŷ²ܾʬ


ܵѶʱһѪϺдϵİ߰ѪĶ͸ˡԭڻңԪҲһ
Ҫġϡ δ⣬ֻʱѹơܣһڡϡһöһ
ҩԵɥڣµıĸĺܾӦˬһһӦ˸εѡԳ
Թʤصԭ󲻾ҲˣԼ֮ˣѵǵظԩɡ뵽ʵ۴һʹȥ

Ե飬̫ҽ޲ߣǱϲͶ֮ˣΪʵھٳˣʱ
Ѳ̽־̣ҪֻԱĵʽǾܱЩԺ˷ʹĴﲻĺĺ
Уܵģȥ̳ķ

ıӣһһˣӣԳҽĺˣҩöȥһֹ˻ʵѪ֢֮
ҽ˵ףҩα겻αԺܶҩһϾûһζҩתȲݼΪѵãֻκϱߵ
ɽҵתȲڣҪʵ۽ɽԲﶼ͸ҩκ˲
롣̰ܵҲʹӦϽ´Ϊףܵ۲б꣬ϲŭ޳Ⱥûиۻ
ۣõĨԼҲӵģһ

˴گβᣬµѶϲüЦͨ¥ɽ﷢ּõĽΪ˶Ŀһֱ޷ģ
ɡԳ֣Ƚףüҩ׶ﻻһϽȥΪǱ޹˼ɡô
֧Ժ¿սǮȱ

Ըдлϣ㷲ͣͣ˴£һ˲ŰɽˮĻصǡܵ۷̫ӣȴ
ʵȨ³ݵƣպģѰ˸Ӱѳ¼ӱᵽʡ֮ءԪףΪʵ֮
٣ʶܵ۲ж֮ģҲд⣬ƽϳʱһԲԭָعһ³
٣սսСĽΩģʧԪΪȱϣس࣬ʵأ׺ǬĴ


ֹգϱԸǨݾסԼλҪԶȨĵļžŻԪ游
ͼλسҲϻ硣ʵһΪд͸йһ˸׽Ҳٲ̰
Ȩ֮˶϶Щ½ðͷĺСӣңʱֳЩ˿Цõ顣

ӳ÷ҲݣһԭԵȴȻ˿ʼֻƶ˼ʩҩ̻ӵЩ
֡ղ֪ΪΣһҹ֮ƾ޴󣬽Ԥٸ֮ˣӲŵýȡƻ
£֮ѵ£оı֮¡ܵǰΪЩְˣģȺۿԾ˽Ϊʱ
²⻼ľһЩʸ־µѭлɥȥңκˡ

κң˥ԳںģʲᣬǴǱԽԽɽ࣬ƫߣɫ
ǶͶӰˮ沨Ϸһ㡣Զһѩǵĸɽ۾ͦΣ죬ɽ´ɭïܣ̲
ڰ䣬ЩͨơɽԽ׸

ʹδ׽Էվڸ߸֮ϣʮָӡԳ迴ĵ׺Ȼ⣬ʲôȹ׳Գ
ܵģ⺢壬Լġ˵С壬Ҫǻû׼ãǾͻȥ

ӣҡ

ҳ衣 ԳҪ˸˳ƺ»ϲϲĽ磬ԷȴԸ⣬ֻϻֻ֣
ǡ

衫ԷеʮŤƳϷζһǺÿȹصۡǿسԷֱۣ¶
ƤٲȻ󷽲ָǰ˵ɽԽʥĵطഫس֮ʱػƽֻ̹
һдԽ˶ƬϡŮΪ׽ͽԼɽÿƴϳɽ
ƶˣİ֮˻ˡµĺӱԽ˵ʼ棬Խ˾ɽ縸ĸֻҪĶɽԸ
ӦġӳԽʱѪΪģ֮һҪطգлһ磡

ԳĸмԷһ¡ǰ;أҪԵʹ֪Ȼȴֻδᣬ
̸ЦĿοΪ֮ʱԷ˵ļ仰˿ٴԺ𣺡ӱңֻ
һ뿪Ұôܽһ˹ľͷһȣһ󣬽
ڶԷֱʾοһЦ֣񱼡ֵúϲ£죬Ƹں沢żϡ
Ǻӣ⣬в£ƼԲδԲ»֮ˡ

ԽηԳ˺ᣬԽ񶼣Խųʥɽ֮ӣøĸӰ
˼ĸƹԽ񶼺ôһǹշĳǽһɽ壬Ӫ֮ѼʡҼޱȣɼն
ǵĹ󽳼߲ǡɽ嶸쳣ȫǼʯľԳҲԮϡԽǵôϣǹ
ڽ˵زʯԶԶȥȫɫʮ׳ۡ

Խ䲻κռ˵֮ͨ㣬̼ڶࡣĵ֣ܿʳǣסȫǴٹˡ
һգܿϾ¿һݣʰüΪأûңֻһǡֻһ
ұǡ˵Ѱ顱ǵ͵ģÿվãӲ˶ԡָݲа£
һûУҲżϻ

и£˿ԡǹӹֽ˵Էޣ²ʣһֱУѾܡ
ʱ˹Ѻŷ˻תǰлɳӴˣ䶯񶼣Զɫ˵ȣ
ΣÿÿӦ

ݺһСͨŶΪأ˲֪ܵСдһľլĽţլǽ¥
űڷġΪϱĸԺԺ߰˼䷿ᣬСļ䣬ûе軪ȴǰŷʮ
Էλġ·תƣۣЩŰ֮ɰŪۻңֶϡ

һǹ˴լȡСҩԣľ¡һҹߣľ㻨һأĵʯ
ģһԴҶҲԽ̵Ŀһڴ˯ˣγ滨Ҷ˰ڵϣ
Ҳ뱻仨û˿ˣǰϧǺЦ˵ֻϧľȴ纣Ũ򳤸ģһĴ˯ͼ
ֻ񶼵ŮǰͷҲҪġ

һԵЦˣ˵ΪǱɽѵԣ˶񹬣ԽӲ˱ɽɽ
ʯȥһҹ˵Ҳ·峿շأҪã۵緹Ҳ˲óԣ
Ȼ˯ˡ

˵ʱԳ˵ùһ԰ɡ

ɫ࣬ͨ˼гĲȡԳ߳Ա߼ⱧԹţţСԾͰ񶼵˶һһ㶵ġֻ
˵Ҫº꣬콲ɽͷʯ춯صγ֮˸Ӧ֮˵Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɡ

֮ǫԴЦ»ʲôѵСүģСүйĪֶΣֳɵĻ
ɡ⡮ˡѴͷˣЩӵû׷ѡԳգΪˣٲȻѳΪ
µһҡ

ޣϲδԽǰ֮ǫƣԽţŪν˳ԴΪ𲽽ӽԽ
Խ򰡣ȡԽΣպ´Ϊ֮ǫҲ˵ãоСռԡ
ѧͨϸܶģÿȻ׼ټԳ輰ͨ¥һԤסͨ
Žġˡھʼҡ

һԳǹܼҵˣ룬·û⣬´ȴǺĹѥ˵ӶһҪǰ
ԡҿưһ˿Σ̽µġ

ڹ֮ˡԳ˵

Ҳ룬˵ǸӶԽˡǱڡϼһ㣬д˸ָ
ȥԼһҵʧ˼ʶ⣬ʮ־ȣҾȥ

Գͷش˻ȥԽ򰲻ն롣֮ܣҪԽʶŪʦҲ
¡ʱҵȴ±سɡ֮ˣĻʧ֣ӴЦ־

ʮ

ҪԷԽϣصճӲѣͷ»ʺִȥͰǣŵӹ뺣
ȡˣҪڴ۸ӡƹܵĹ͢ƽȴһ׮¡

Խõңֻ˾ܹʳµרȨع̫ϽƵ¹ֹͳҪѰصӵ
˶꣬м仹ˣΪƺ⣬ԾӪﶼŲСΪ΢ĻԽ򰱾
̬ȣò񣬶Թݵһ֮֮Ӹ档ǰȴȻگʹ¹ʱţѹ
ҡԷʱ볯ݵһ࣬ҪʵƣաԽع꣬ϽѪ֮Ʊ
Ҫɱ⻵µĵܵܣɶϵ¹һûʤġ

֮ǫšˡ빬ʮˣԽỵ̈׼󣬹ʰΪˣִڽһ
оסʦλֻһԳǰ˳˾¡Ƶ¡ż˾ϵó˾
º˲Σȫͷ׵βͼĹٳ꣬Է彻ʵЩĲ¡ݵһλӣԽعȻ
ǲԷȴǲϡ˫ʱˣһع̫ӵ̨ǵһҪľλĻʵӡ

յκšͷһǹ͵ͳģܸ˵ܵαȨּؾְȻ
֯ɱԳͨ¥ڳؾ֮·ϲã׼ɱղزʹʥּʹ߹ءһȴ
Ԫ͵תġдҹϸ¥·Ĳʼأɽ
ˮ֪δֽ½ꡣȣ޷Էһ𸴣ֻðֽϸϸãԼС

㷴Ȩ˼ɫ߽ںȣԷֻ̼ŵȴꡣʮǸΣ˵
ʱԺȳԾǣصҡ

˵ĲĸȳԣֻöඡԳ֪ǹô˵ʡԼææž
òͣվûǸж˵֪ˣҳԷʵ綼ͣһ֣໥Ե
˹ģȴǿǢޱȡ

ԳһŲ԰УºԷվ¿ҡʱҹˮѾƻɺĻ
˸ưһ¡֪δһԶӣƽЩءȼ㣬
ֲҡʱɽڣֱ뽧һǸߴԲת֮£ΪҪ
ȴһתۣٲϪˮ಻˶תн죬нǿϸʱ
Ϫһڴ󽭡

ȻæһԷ˵ȥԷ岻⣬ãȻؿ¶ȥ˵Ž
һԷͿˣͷһСǰ͸״¶ŵζüʵ
ʲô

¸ȥض䣬ԷڵؾǺˡ˫ĿԲͦεüëסȭҪ˹ȥ˺򣬽ּ
ڻǺºӡţ㲻ˣȹųԳȥһֻ졣̾⺢ʵ
ֲ£ôùЩģҿԼܰһѡ

˼粨ӿѶԷ䲻ɣ˿ҲЩŵԴǣǰ£ֻ
šеů೤ĺǷڲݵĿδƽһתֻȻʣǰٴ뺣һƬƺˮӡ
죬ƳߴոȻֹԳ̧ͷӵסԱߵԷ壬òŵ
ȥˣ¡

ԷþòİԼɶൣЩѣҲҪԼȥðգ˵ݸֵ֮ЩҲһ
ϧ˫§ס᾵Ĺвһõϴ̫أôӻû룬ԭǿ͵
ӾȻۡ룬ᶨػش𣺡гһҪɵʹСҲԼ¡ɱĸ֮
𲻹죬ѾҪȥֻ

ĽԳҪģȴҲյķ·˻꣬սֱۣ°͵סĶͷԳεº
ܣ

Է̧ͷһ˲˲ضšڣɫĦгļ£·ɳپֵ
ʯϷµ֣ڴѿơǧذת֮һˮڻɱ˴˽ȻǳЦΪϲ㡣
֣ԡ

Գ˰ãֱϱǳһ²Ż񣬺סǡԳһӦԷֻһ
һƬհףʲôҲ֪ˡȥԷѸ߹ڻȴᣬִĲǸ
ˣɵǧҪúñһͻ绯ȥ

ŵϣһϸǣһ潫һ¡ӱ¶ڿУ䣬Է廹̲סɪһ¡
ʣѹϣ˶ʱһɫ͹âס˴ϢڶԷУģůůġԷ촽
΢˲еôز䣬ӶˣʮֶȤ豦ɬһ
Ľ̽һ渧ݵţ⡣ԷŬӦŶԷṥƣȴ÷Ū
ԳĭӲڲֹȴ½̹£ס߳ܽ޳˫Ȳϣſֱ§ס
Գһ۽գñȸ׸Ҫ̾Ϣһĵϧ

ɵӣ㲻ˡοţĶ麬˱Էһǲסȫ⽩ıӲ
ҹŪԼ˲ᣬղźã֪ʵǺЩηģ΢һ㸩׽ѱӲ
ķԷУ𡫱𡫡

費ⷴϸƷֻб˷ķݣδΪ˸ɹȹҺþ黹еġͷ
˼£˱Էʱһ֮ߣսսű˲˵
Ҳ˵ˣֻſڲϴϢҺܿƵĴǹ¡Է弸٣ȴҪ۷ǰһ
뿪ת⡢˫ϡһϢ㻯ϸ͵ĸоԣû˵
ԼҪֻòͣŤӣͷȫ֣һ㶯šԳЦˣĦСϲ
ζ𣿡

Է߲ѵתͷò֪Ҫشźáãٴ˷Σ˱Ūһ̬
ȫȺ̱ڴԳʱ죬ʮָ絯ðԷ¹ԪѨϽ水̼ءԷ
ﾭŪ±һнɫҺȻָּЩʶϡԳȾָж
С壬㣬㻹ǵһã

ԷʮˣŨüۣӢͦΡǽο˵ŮСϷĽٿҲڣ⺢
ӾȻһֱԷͨ죬ܻش𡣳Ȼһ⣬СʱȣӰϧˣòĶҲ
ϸһֽȥһַֿ˫ȣ̽ȥһָͷԷһûЩʹĶ
ͷ½Ͱ͵˵ӣϣӣǣǣǡ

ԳȡһţЦ¶С쵰İɣҩԺңܵиõġԷ
ԥһ£ڰתȴԳһŰװ׵ԼͯӳƤİ֮ǰ
ˣʱߵһʹȥˡЩЦãˬˣһʲôûأߣҲŹ㡣

֪˶ãԷԺ̲ԼۣţƾܡԳ
һҧЦڿˡȶԷشΰסʼԳ£һʱҲйγ
ϧǷ곡ϷԭʼջŹ̥δȫͶʱ֪֪Է²ʱʻ߾
δйսߵڶԷ²ϵϼ֡

һǸл飬ȻģǴ̢һú¶յó⣬Улһ
̰࣬ᣬ֮أǺ޲ԷѪȥΪһŵúдᡲ
ֱֹд¶ߵöƲ

ʮ

ĵջػԽϢ񶼣ϢҰ˷ųҰÿһ˵Ķ䡣һ
ҹ֮䳯תⲻһ¹ǰδеΣ֮С

ġһգԽҹ˻һȥԡ˾պ˸Ӧд
һġ֣˵ϼףӣʾӽ飬Ӧйصϡ

ԽŲɣæĴѰʧɢĻӡԼһŲ壬ɽ̳Ϸ档ҹ
Ȼʧ𣬴Ӵ͵ĵؿɽϷǿ÷ƣǳءƴþˣŨ
ؽǣģȻԽͼŮ޷ۿһ֮ҪΧӻ֮꣬һ
ðݣʪ̺ӹϣһеػ𳡡

Խ򰰲Ȼ֮˵˲ˡúýʹˣһƳ˼ͷƣ㿾ԳԼ
ΰǡԽһѱסϸֱ磬ü۷ֳų˵ǼԼ忡ݰףм»ʺ빬͢
ʱķòǷޣӣ޿ҵˣ

Է˵ӱԶԶһ۸ʱߣѣ¶μּƽˣˡӲТ
Ҫǡ

ԽòѰذӣ˵˼֮֮࣬飬˵ԷƣӶ˱ͷʹޡ»ʺ£һʱ
ɱΣºϸΣһֱǸġ뵽ʧɢ֪꣬ʳѰ񶼻ķˡһ
Է常ϣ̰ԼߣȫȫشֲͻȻԽعõϢͣشκϻʱԷ
ѸΪԽط壬ʽԽҽɣµûصݡ

ԽعοϾʹ˷䡣ճϣ¹ͻȻ巢ѣԽطݡ˵ʲôΰҲǷðģϾʺѲ
ڣƾһŶǰµľɻͼβΪ֤鿴˵ģٿܱ͵ҲǼģ˭
ðϻӡȻͬ˫ʲôǹལֵɿ֮ʱԽعվ
У˵¹غѪͳӦ֮ɣ㵱֤Ѫף

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϶ĻӱضһһԴǺòƹķҲĴֻ̡

Խ˰ã˵ˣձеѪ֮䡣ʥɽϣ˺˵ҷ
ޱɱ֮

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ݷҲһ塣ӽӦٶͿ˭չˡְֻ˿ˡҪȥ
һ¡

һæʣΪΣ

Ѫ֮²ӦԽع˼죬СزĶ֡ждٴѣҴݺ빬У
߶࿴һЩ

ǡæӦŵȥ

գС̫Ĺߴο̵Ŵսӳһ̵ֻ̺ŵ
棬ţһֱ쵽Խʵɰϣ԰׵͸һ˿ɣƣ룬һ
ɣɵĽڣԽʥɽӸ£ŵܯ£׹ճس
жӣΪμ

ӵµ̫ϸɤһ˾һ񣬶תͷſȥֻԽطһɫ
ڵ⸺ֶжʱϸ΢漴־ȥŮǰ̫˴˵Ծ
ǰӭĴ̫౾ԽعţϴֻļЦ۹һתʱȻٷͷ
ǰ·˵ӲŶͣôƣҲǳ֮

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ԽŴͷڵӺݻ󣬱ƽʱӹˡԽط徭ʱ۹Լĸͣ
ͣ漴ǰСעϣһͣĶСȴעĿԽعһ̹Ȼ˸΢Ц
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ʽֻȱɲԽߵĽҲԽӽĵططվ̨£Ť
ǹŹ֡ȫ£Ů˾һ첻̲ס˵С壬㵽ҪЦ
ʲôʱ򰡣ȥɣ˵֮˳磬̬ʮˣȴԳġ

Խط£֮ǫ跨̨֪Խʥأǻʵ
Ω̷Ů˾֮ܿ£ֻûװ޳Ůװʵͻأ
Ů»Ҫÿ֡ƵĿԣ۷Ź⣬ԳȻһκ㬡طЦ̫
ԣֻסֱÿбһƤϳ鴤ȴ޼ɵЦֹϳɳص֮ǫж˼Ϸ֮ɫ
谵ĥȥôʰǼ

֮ǫδЬ࣬һɫϵأֳ¹ʯƳɵķȣЩɷģһȺټ˾
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̴㣬߸ߵֱ

Խط忪ʼʵą̇̄нǧһǰУΧÿ£ԼŲɱóٻ
οģɽѰ˻̨ɽϿռ䲻˴ɽϷż´ʯ̨
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°Ʈ죬龰·˼䡣Ϲ£ʥɽǱĵ棬װģػζз

ʱĵĲȼ֮æ鿴ֻѪĻƣ˳Žѽ
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֮ʥҲ٣ûзݻ𣬴ʱѾɫԽطһϺȣ𶯣
ꡣȻ̬Σŷģǿɽɹãеġ

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عҲһģʵЦ̨שʯľϣڸػҩʯľҲͩ
ˢ飬ȼռ죬һȼȣµĸܵܽձɡºȫ˶Էȫ
·ºߣڹ˶Ѱˡ

ڳĿ֮ˣƼԽط屻Χ˿壬ɫع̨ϵ棬ʮǡȻһ
죬̨һѹȻĹų̄һæҡŨգٿΡ

Ƭ̺󣬴ŰѽյĶ̨ңң׹Գֶ˵ѽ˿ҡȻ
һȫԱߵ±ȥһԾ֮ʸƿգʸãһʯָʱ˾ֱȥסκ
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˶һ˼ԸԼ۳裬Ǿʹ֡

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κǸӥСүһ޶

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ʱϲλãпסĸ˫ȣͷůϥϣһߵЩԼһ߸ĦԼͷ
ЩСĹŮΧɰȦ˵ЩȤĹ¶һЦ

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ڣĸЦ⣬С

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ֻԼᾲ£ˮίأʪʯ

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֮һӰֳ硣طڹ͢ߣõĳֱֻһ
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ƵĶҩ䲻Ҫȴʹ˿һֱòϣͬǰ֮˴˼ǺţѭĻ
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˽˿Լͷϵ۸о·͵һֻܰϲ˵֪ϲƬ̣
ҪҲ̫ˣպվߡ

ޱ䣬ɥѾȨ֮ΪԳ裬ҲΪԼԷȼ磬Źصʹ
ԣ侭裬ԹˣΪİ֮˶ྡһЩӱе滳̧ͷʱǹ
ǳЦɫĻ۲ǰ಻֪㣬϶ʱˡ

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ǷҲǴ̲¥󣬼ҼƽޣǵĽݡ˾ƣ̥ʱվЦ̣Яϯ

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⣬عΪʹʧѣΪ˲ˡһСүɸʤԭҡ

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Ҿ͸𣿺ߣ˵ʲôһƬģ壬˳ݺ

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Խع¶ѩ׼¹⻹ҪˣεŲȥίί˵赽ҪֻҪ˵
ûвӦʵġ˵ѿȥһЦòع̫ӲκˣһЦһ꿪ڣŷ裬ƻĵ
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ֱŤ鵱Ȥʵϱ˴̽ļƣն䳯ǹ

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ԼҵĹϵȻȱҪࡣԳܰȨƵɹԽλԶȨԼ
Ҫöࡣı᲻еĹؽڣֻǴ˿ˣ㲻òȰװ֪

عֵ̫һʺ֬ƣǳһڣٵݸԳ裬һԼĲоƣ˵Խ
Ĵ䡣ʱ򣬸ʻлӵʥɽҴ֡ɿһ֮³ɺ󣬵еģ
ȫ볤衣ʵԳֻҪϴӦǸܵܣҪ±練ƣˡ

ѵҪԽλع̫Ҳø𣿡 Գ֪Էд㣬ֻҪΨһܶвĵܵܣ
Լʩưȫ಻Ϊ档˿̹˵һ첻£ԽΪˣҪ
Լ̰Ȩ֮ʵһǣԽطޣ˸жʱȫҲϹģ˵
ֻǵشһԽ

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ΣԳ裬˿̲ŵԣλãպҲҪаֻʵ̫ˬ죬ԵⲻϡĲ
ԳΣϿҵ˵ǳҲҲֻҪҵǻΪ̷һֲҳ
Ըƽֹ֪Σ

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Ҳ۱

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ŶԷ

Խع߽̫ӶʱɫʮֲݡҪıޡ黳ڣʵ̫Գ治

ǡԽع˵ŲңҲŲ˵ʲôǰ׷ѣ汾ϣֻΪһ¶
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һΪԽط壬˳µ븸ϣײӦ˺̨֮¡ԽΪͨ
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֮ǫ곤ϸһ˼˵ԽعСүء

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ܵһɽߵġԳ豾д⣬˵ϽӿڴӦ

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ڴֵĴԲձһ飬Ωȱ֥飬˸ж֮־ЦطЩľٶԳͷ
£ͥԺ¹Ϊһϴ糾

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١ԽعԳ书òκʱԼСүйһĥѡֻԳΪ
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ģԽعӣһһٵǰн黳Ⱥ͵ۿӣֻع̫ɫ粻ҡ˵
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ڣȻǧӹͻɱһ㡣̨˶ᣬбR׹أ̫е
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յ˼ˮԽعⱻ紵¹ңϨĻ棬ʱ¶֮ɫԽη
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ȿ޻ѿЦݣתȥ㻨ڡ

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ɱ޲磡д°ܣع̫ɫ䣬ȴ̹ܿش²ɣ󸸻Ϣ
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Ȼ˿˶ˡһ۽˿ϵѪ飬Цϵˣ
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طɫٱ䣬ѿڶ˵

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죬סԼͷ棬ĥĥߵԷӪ

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ѵĿŽɽ㲻ҴԶķϣҪ没еĸɣ磡

̧֮ͷǳެԪ謡һ̧𣬽ëܳܣе鿴̫壬ֻص
̫ӲҵģֵоҶЩܡɫϾż룬һ仰㽫˾
ǧ֮⡣

Ԫ調Ц㣬ѵȥ󲻶µֵܾˣһ벻ˣȴ㣬һ˭æԼڣ
ô̯ӣлı¡

Խ֮սֵ̫κվǵõֵܱǣԳûԼѲ϶
õġɴƶϣǸһʵүԹʤֻҲһ¼֣漰ʼ棬˸ϱصֻۣܵ
ýɴԪ誴áԪȻŵԴͣȥԼլǵ壬ǧ
Ǹϵ֮ʱȴһʣ׷ʸԼլعٺ׮ЩҲһͷˮ˵ҹլﻹû
ɽ˺ģܳԱˣСɻ뵽һҹ֮䣬һˣִ˰ɡ


ԪƿڴģνɱЩҷΪģһҧҹĹȻֻпչһߣͷ
һ⣬˸֣棬ʱԪ誵ʱͻ͸ѡԼȻ׼ƾڼǵӿɴ
϶踺أľӪȣԪϻȴֵɱܴۣʯϵϣһ
֮˶ûˡԪ֮£ԶΪ͢ЩʱմϢҲǺõġ

ԪߵǰԶͬɽһ㣬ȥ޼޶Դ̵˵ʵ
㼱ʲô

Ԫ誱òᣬһ뵽ԳֶΣʱʧԼʵڲԸŶԿ⣬ֻǿŭ
ί㲻ͬǣȥ˵ҲлתءֻҪϻͷȥ󸸻ʼ̣ٴӷ
šǰȻЩΪ˳ӣ׻Ӧýرݵġ

ݣԪ˫üһ˵ɵһ仰һѪծΪӦ𣿸ٶʳ
֮򣬽շô˶ܹ˭

㣡ôĵӣԪܻŭȵάͲ¸ʽ˳Ц

ң½⣬ǷģԪһЦȣڳü·һ㡣

Ԫ֪ǻŭȥԪҲ⣬¼׸٣Ī֪ϲĪϲʶ֧
ãӰ٣ǼˣһҲϲѰɡֲŪңԼһ˼иɽƺ·˴
ɺҰȸ

Գ˿Źɶ¡˵ܵ۲ʣɱһҪĴñԼҺ
˳Ҫ£˱ݣһΪ١ѣöûó˵ɢ
Ъڶһ磬ȥؼ档ָ󣬾ԳԸܵ߹һֱھԼ
˳裬˱óĬԣ˶Ĳ֣ԶƾơԳȰΣĲһʱȷʵҽҲ
ֻաǱκֻΪЩ׼طԼڰ꣬˵˶ԷԽʵۡ

ʱչģˬҶɽ̲࣬˵ĳ÷⡣ڿҰи߳δϲ찥
һޣţȥŮޱܲݳӥɣˡ˶ٸ㻳ַ˰
ǰһƬïĴòݳԽʮƥսӸߴԶܲݴԾֻƾ޻
Ǳ׷ԵüˣȻԶζֱ˹

æȴЦסˣɨ˼ҵ¡δ䣬Ⱥͻһ֮߱۳һ
л޻ʹĵءһֻƲãͷӴܡ˺ţ׷ǰ仢֮
˵ͣ²ˣͷԳ֣Ǳֻʵء

ȥҫϣԵЩ԰ףüĿȴһ֮⣬
΢ƿ͸飬ƮƮվڷֱɡԳǰȻϰ䣬ȱĥ£һ㻯
ۻ̣ɢԽԽˡԼԾ̲סȽϣʵӣ˭Ҳ
Ϊһζ˼룬Գߵ˽ǰҲһװδŴ멣ֹɽһֻ
£ʵ棬ɽȿ˵üıͰԽˡ

ԳȻʧЦԽط֮ԭ潻ֻԵ˵Ҳδػţñ⡣زϲףϵĴ
ϹҺãֱȥҪҳлκʲôô

̾˵ôûУ鷳һѣ¿ɻ

ص۵һУҿɲƣ

Գòģκཫ㣬ȨֻҪһսĴ󽫣Խ֣֮
Ҳδܳ¡

֪һڼػ̲סӿڵＰұʿһʮκƽ̹Ź
գѹ֮⣬඼ƽԭʺϱϮߣغֻҪоʮ򣬲ʮӣֻҪʮ򾫱
ڶɨԭ⵹Ǵţ׾Ǹŷɥ̸֮ɫĻ֮ʦЩɱԣһ󣬳
²Юͷνҡ

ԳƲǣЦؼ״ʮֲŭ㲻ţ

ңԳȻش𣬡´ġб׾ֻҪ꣬ɰ⵹κʵۣΣ

ӿɶ񣡡ԾСʱǻŭ𣬡ôĿãұ㾫򣬿кֶ͵컻գ

Գ³Цƣغԥ֮ΪġһԵĶ̲סЦֻʵɫһ䣬
мˡƻҪľǽɻѳڣ縲ˮգʱ̡ʣҪأ

ԳǳЦӯӯĿ¶һ˿Ʀƾ´áû˵֮ӣԵô
ˣֻʵ۱ߺðƽŭ˵ҪȴȾָκٺ٣̴úþ֣

´ԿҪ豨𣿡Գ΢¸ĺز뷨ۣҵȺβЧˡպ
뱱ͻ˱ᣬͼ

˫Ŀгһߡǰֿ˵޵ڶˣպܰư¡룬
ȴһɱ𣬷ЩĪĽؾùŹ֣̲סĵ׶Լҡͷй廪һͬԭ
ͷֻϧɣδԸʱԳţһƥ໨󾱣ߣͬԼ
׶̤ѩȺѷɫһָԶСɽʵұ𣿡

ԳһЦӦսƥԺʤǿ˱޲ߣ㷭ɣ˳ȥ໨޳ʤ첽Ӵ׶̤
ѩȴѡǸ֮ԽԽ죬βڷн𣬼һֱߡ

ʮ

ŹسԳŶȥ±һ£ƽڵȺƽصشϣɽ
һСȫˮ½ͨ;Թžʺ֮ơ˶֪һ˺ͨ˺ӡƺӡӡ
ǮˮϵˮغˮΪ±ܹٸͽ裬ڳɰССһʮ
ͳЩɵϴΪưӡˮ˼ң˵ǹˣǻʵּҲδһжưӵ
ܶƽԶʮ롣

ԭĺưʧٶ꣬ˮϺȺף໥𲢶Ź֮Ҳʱзͼλͬ¸صĴ
ٿ˴ᣬƾ졣ԳоΪ¹شܿˮ˵֮ܶλǵƽسʱ
죬ѵǿ絶彣ĽʿҺͨ¥ڴ˵Ҳܾݵ㣬ʳ޶⡣

ϦһһƵվԶ¥ĻҲľСԺԳ迴³ܱһ
ⲽһ߰ҡͷԪ誵׻̲סȥĲԪ謵Ӵбضܴ죬һ
ؾʵܵ۵ƢϾʹ˰ֻ֣Щ鷳뵽̲סȡԪ˴Ƿ
ż֪˶ٱ飬ҹϸ¥·Ĳʼأɽˮ֪
δԿɱÿһαֶһ֡

׻˵֬ϽۣƽСǴƽسŵһľ¥¥ǽߣԴһ
ӲʿӰޱȵζˣ¥еʮյ󹬵ƣӳ⡣Գ볢ĺ
£ݸİһͬǰȥû߽ţС͸Ͻܳͷҡø˹ƣλ͹٣
סСûˡ

ЩʧͷȥмŭĽӵһڡ¥ǰսݵСһ
ѻ˵ү룬λ¥룡

ϾͲˣǱûôλˣ

СڨЦ͹٣⼸λүĿˣСǳżѽ˵Ⱥͷ
һ߸ӵתˣƳֻӥʱЦ̨ҲμӺܶ
ɣ̨粻һ֮ɺã

ͨ¥ǮܿŸǮͷˣƽõݾǮФʣԳ赹
¡ԷԱţ΢΢һɲǱˣ˺ǿĶӣ˳
١үȺ˰˸ŮϲŵŪ谣۰ȥ

һתлٴС׹˱߶ˣɴϲס¥˶Էٰƴ
ִϯԳΪֻվ˱󣬶˲ˮķˣζҲر˷׷ϯһٹ
ɱΪһһܣкһʮеӵܣ¡ͣȻʧʮ
ĳŮ죬ж˷Ůˡһ˵¶ǣϤޱȣʼֵ

Գ΢΢졣ȺԶǧƽȻ˶뵱ģ֮£к⡣Щ
ѷ۸ڶȴǰѱԻԼߣ֮ǰѵĹضСɼҰĲ
ţյ˺ɻѶȻ鴫㣬ʳָ󶯡ֻ˫״ɴ֭ģѡ
ʱСĽѲҶɵģٲϧðɽ˺ζķݵľ㣬һ͵ûЩ
ʱγѣѡСպһʮȥͷȥβֻ㸹һСΡϸѩ׵ⱻɼ͸
ıƬֱӷչⱻ죬ϼƬۺĺɻ꣬һɻ
ͳˡЦƽСطһ˵ʮǴ˵һλҪ

һ֣áվһһкòƣüԲǿˡʱȻ
ż˵٣µͳˡ˵ʴ죬ʮöԳȴ
ѩɽߣ˲䶼Ӳˡ˵ľȻԪ⣬Ըˣ׵سǰ

ɴЦȵԪֽ˵ҸλܸѡλǴԽķӣ
ϱǣҵ̺š

¶ʱһƬ֮̾κĴƷ¾ФɽңǮׯңֺŶϰ٣λӵһϳ¼ң̫
ĸ壬Ӫռ˴ϯԽݾұǺ𣬽Ů֮ΪʼҲ͢ͷѽѹǰҡֻϧ
Ҵٴʷۺ屻ţʹ˳װˡµĿȱ֪ı̳ԭķգ
ǾȻҲ˵Фңڶֻ࣬ݳԣһ֪ʵĿĴ
оĩʵҲδҡ

ٲҪʹ򽻵ͻǮȻгµĴ֮һЩ˼
ӣȱȷҲʵ⡣µɫһʼԳ軹ҪѿҺ˶ҩڸס˱ĿŲڵ
¶ڡ˷׷λʱҲվЦϯóһӵǫɣƴǵ
ɣɣóȻ룬˸λǲãϯ

ѹʱӮ˼ͣһ¹벻ǫУ뵽Цߣߣ
ǵһμֻҲΪݷ۷ύΪѣȴ֪ʵһͷƤĴβǡ

ԳԴԪ¶һһĵˣ˲඼ҪͷȥˡԪӱ仯ǰھʱ
Ҫǰ˺װƺһľګʵı飬ηҲѡЩضׯɫͿʽɷ˫Ŀκ飬һ
̳ľٳĵ绨ˡС⣬һأû뵽Գ
ͷһʹŤܳءԭǾһµĴ˿Ȭˣʵڣ˶ĵطɫ
룬ĵĻ⽥ӷ绨ѩתܶϡʵҲμӴ𣿡

һﶮЩֻ˵ȤһʱƸְˡԪ⺬Цشò̹ϣȴƼ
֮ʱһɣݶӣղظѸתߡĶСȴһ˫ۣ˽
Բˣй۲Գɫֻüֶ̬ȹ˳˿һ˿ȴϹŵ
΢Цǿ֪ɴƽԪȻԹˣһЦ˵ƽʱ·ǣ˵
һ׮¡̫ʮǰϽΪʵ۱Тж죬ɫƣɢ?

Ԫⱻɻ䣬Щ˶òӻͷֻǿЦТӻκҲ
ҵȰ֮

˵ǰ²ģЦ¶һڰֵ˶ڴ˵λΪ˿ݺ⼸λһ
ֻҪλֵǿˣѹ˴ɼۣ

»˵üޱȣԪЦװˣֻԹ䲻ԭɣҲλӡܾ
æʵۼҵ۲ǹܣҺȾƣ顣׼˻һྫֵͨŮ¥ż
ʱƣӰҡ죬˿֮ڶ

һֱֵ죬ŸɢˡšıӰ룬ϧˣ֪ðѶҲһ
гӣᵱ泤豨һĹεС˴̸͸

ʮ

֮ʱ´ס˴ҲиӦǡһ̽ҵǳϸˬӦ
ԼټԳ±Ԫϳɢϯʱһֱη˺˵λϲὭϵѣҲҪ
͵ģ̇ۿ˶Էһ¡۹ôһԣɶʱʧֻ˫۾âƺˮϼ
Ʊ䣬ֻһ۾ͽóˣ̾˳ƽӹôһ˫۾ȴ˳ڡŮϣŮӱض
ǵľɫˣһܽΪΪϧڸƽ˵ϣǴ˵ط

ԳǻصԼסʱһڸ¥Ⱦơסɣٱ£Ȼһףɢ³
ֵףѣȾƵҲŶءգضȰƣȴһ̬ҲƱһͬ
ʮֲԣȲֲȰðֱš

־⣬б˵ǧ̣ҵĳþơ

ԳԳһЦҲǣԼоɢԵ־ˣ򲻿˿ףЦ
ȴŲš˵ҡҡͷƽϣ̳ࡣҹ紵˻¥ɴ裬İ
Լ˶ѩУɫֻ϶ĿɬЦ

ͣ˾Ʊ֪ȫܽԳʧľֻһ˶ѣʵԪˣ

зеƣҽһĿĺһºܶıϱˮ·


ߣǰ࣡žһˤоƱŭ˵һֱ뵱ΪʲôҪݶ
ЩģնεȴûһԲסĵطΪʲôѡΪҴǸ
ˣ˵ʱ˫ֲסֲһ㷸ԼĴԳһӥǱǣ顱
ƣжͬľżܣʵﻹ׵ġۼĿҪ˱Լһģ˽˺ѷεĸоȻ
Ҫ໹Ҫʹȴ޷¶һ˿һ޲ȥҧ֮ˡȻҵûеĸȴԽԽ
Լܣ˰ڲˣ˼еɱ廹֪ΪԼĹŵ³ˣǹʶԪĳ
Գˡ

Գһ̾Ϊ䣬ô⣬ڰǷݰ˴һ֣ʮ
ǹҲǸɸɴ˶ϣ㺬ġƽմһЦʱ賣ϷΪҵġ

ԳĬʵߵֵز㣬ѵҪ飿

ҲҪ顣ԳҡͷЦˣȻûʲô˵ġֻ游Ҫӳ
ǣ㵽һӻҰˣԼҪġʱʵ˼˲ҹؼңҲֻʮ갡
ĵ±Ƴëûһ˯̤ʵ·ԼѡģʲôҲҧԳе
һһҪСϼĺӣڹ͢ģͺǾҡ֮Ҫ
ʵһΪԼЩأȻϰߡǶ಻ÿÿƼһС޻ڼ֣ҾֶЩ
˵ЩΪ˼ˡ

Գֱ̳ӺһڡСһ󣬳ܹһκ˶Ҳ˸
˼ֻԼСүд־ͲΣȴ֪ǿƵһ¶ĺڿԳҪǿ´Ӳ
˵һ̳¾ƾͺǰѿԿףŽЩڵüաʵ²ȥ֣

ɱףֻһԼҲһ룬Щ˱ҲѰԳ⻰˵òƩɬͯʱ
û䣬Ʃ֮ƩʵİĶǲġ

ԥһ²˵裬ǲǺˣ

ǣˣԳӿڴʢ磬ٺҲϯɢһ죬ߵջһ뿪֣˺
ֻһ˻ǵã档˵һֹ°̳ӾƣвپˮǱʪǰҹɫŨ
Ҷķ϶峺ףȾ㳾Цȥӣ»ˮ޳ָ©£յõذһƬ
˪

һʹˣģ飬˭˼ĸƫƫԪһ㲻ϧһ
Գ˵ҴףøЩʲôֺ˶졣ֻҪǵһ¾ͺãܺʱεأҶ
վߵġ

Գ跴סȻЦЦʵһȻ˵ڣб˾ģҪϾһǣA̧Ƽ
³Ÿ¥ﲻס̽ͷӣĵǾ㶼дϣپЩΡסһͬ¶𣬡ծҪȥֵġǷ
ծĶѾˣǵծѵҪڼ𣿺ٺ٣ˣŲǷ

Ԫ뿪¥һֱݸİ仯Է죬ûϳǼ仰ȴͬǰ㹣
⼸콭ۿ«ˣҹȻȴ컹Ҫȡȵ񻨴ƿȴû
һ˿紵ͣҡȣȻˮ乡ӳʲ̲סʵӣô


ԪⲻҲԼΪĸꡣǮļ仰̶Էģڴˣҽ
ֻӳǣƾǰӾŪ̺ŲԴѸǾӪɫʧܣʧ˻үȨҲ
һáۺ뱱ʡڰмĽ˴£Ժ֮ܶλڱصáƳ
ţ˸ʶǫʣύɳçȻôǣײ׽
ڹһͭƤǣڷΣܿ˾ͻӣΪֵܡԪȥֻȶԷæ
һ죬ظ˵ʲôԸΪ֮¾ľӦóǮ¡ֻĺˬʱ
Ϊжԣպضʹеʮ˳ҵ˴ССټҰᡣ˴һ
ЩȻҡźƾϵһѽΡ

˹ʱĳţĻµ㺮⣬յû԰ڵĴľĿɭ£ҪˡԪ
Ͼһ㼦ƤȻδдͷĿ־ְѽ֮˵ÿ仰һһ㷴룬ûʲ
ôرֵòĵطһȴʼڰղϹλǽһԸȥǸФʵǮһ
Ϣؾ籨֪

Ӧˣ¡Ԫ˯⣬ǻһ󣬱ߵ̨µǰŪ档Ǻͷ˫˯
ָѣȶһ͡ԪóŹëһڣ鲻ԸؽС⡱ʳ
˽͵ĹӺֺ˯ԪЦЦ㣬ת뿪Ϊˡ

ʮ

ռҪ֮أһʯɵȻ޵ׯûʣƲѲç֮ú¥
ߴÿڵڵءصĴԺ䣬һ»԰ɾɣֻ칦˰ѸõĶСԺʰô
׵˳ȾԺпܵҩĵ˳ȥһջа÷Ѭ飬ˡ
´żӽʱæָ˰ԳԾݣһִЯþߡ
Ǽ䶯˻ǵӣɶ࿴ۡ

ͣ¸ǰȥݻĵҴֻСݸɣϰһ飬һ飬
ˮ⣬һ˫۾ҲȫǺ˿ȫްɡòȲڣ·Ҳ㣬ʶˣһ²ƿ˺ˮ
ˣл뽭֮Ƶ

ǿȫ޽ǰư̬֮ʹлƽ漸죬Էʱȴһ
סԼӡ˵Фʲ򵥣ҪСĶԴ򲻿ʧ񣬸֮ΪС

ΪΣѵƳʲôԵĵطɾ졣

ФҲͰˣһ£Ǹ߱ӱȽףŵȴͬСɣһ
ԡ

ɵͷתʱ׸˵Գ裬ɸӲ졣ʵФߵһ鵱ѡ

鵱ٺ٣ЦĲ˽һΪڻʹأһС
?ǵժҶɻľ磬ܼԦϹ鵱ߣɶǲЩԳСݣ
һСɵϰԾڣ󵽵ױȶϬһ۾ͷ´ͬ죬űһֱ
ʱû˷Σ˵ʱ̬òƹ˳ʵĲɣ¿Цʱһµ˼ûУ
Ǹ߿ɫūͣ˻Ҫ˷ءҪǣȻż򵥣һԲȴ͸¶Įϣ
ֻվɽϵǿ߲Żӵ˵ơ

̾һԼóȻ׷ܶľЩûڡ·ħƽأҲûô
һñпѣǣ۽βƺ취߶ʱǰ˼֣Ȳ
ĵضɼ䣬ŰҪ¡

½ͷ羰һȦ˶佭԰ԹȻ顣ҺԺֻĶ룬طȴ
Ūѭȶˮһһͬڡ¥һȾʱʶѣʹ֪ҲסԼ
Уһ·ע⵽һ£˼¥רдʿ֪˺ôѪĻ
Ԫ⡣

ȥÿһ̽´ŹԺƹ¥ߣ벢ԺӵɡԪײ˸
ҲɵҲˣԪͻȻȴΡӦ伫죬ѳһЦǰԷò
ȣʵҫ⣬ȶǻɲ±ԪϳҿڣӲͷƤһ֣˵Ԫȫ
˼Фʡˣûôһ΢ˣȴүӷŵһעһϮ£ֹȻʮ
ʶȣԽԽǳӧĹӵܣǲçˡԳͷԼЬ⣬Կɸܵ
âڱ¶ֻǲԸں˴ǰԪ¡Һºܿҵͷ˸ǡ

򳤸豳ӰԭӦҪԪȥιۿ¥ʱԪŻûвֻ
óǰһΣЦ٣˶ԶˣҪ׷ɵøϿ졣ФʡȻƤڣϸƸһ
ɫģǳ

æҡ˵ǣǣҿǸФ͵ܵӡ

һԪ̿סֱЦüëٵĿζȻڳˣҵϲɽ亣ζȴֲ
Ĳݷ£Ȼ£

ȡЦңֻǾıӰЩˡɲܶ˵ʵ飬ε߰ɣ߰ɣٲˡ
һ·֣ȥ¥

Ԫ뿪ʱɫھֻİĴģһȥ²쿴˴꣬ʮֻѱ
ų򣬷ſУС⣬С⣡

ԪЦóһޣιԵĹӺͺңĳ˼ͻȻթëһˣʮֱ棬
ֱСƤ

һСϷͻطϼӣëףƺԼܶЦ˸е߽
ʱǡɿһĻԺ⡣ֺڣһӾǳӺϵɺݾԽϬˣȴֻ
۰мӣϵر㣬Ϊմһ֡Ԫ̧ͷʵ𣿡

յõܱƺ뿪ԽǱҳˡ˫ֹͷһܺϡRॣԪе
أӺɢضǡҪȥӹܺȴôҲţ֮䲻ֻ˼⼸·ȴߵͷ
ۻܺдףԳԽŪ˸ÿٹأѸİ׮ǶˣתһƱ˸
ªŪһ۹󣬲Žζ׮棬Գ뿪ԽӦѽˡ

Ԫͷϵ亹¡˿Ƿʧٰ֪꣬ﰵгﻮıԼȵ׻
ѷһӥóףԳıҲرԪһ˵ķǳֶΣʱʧ˵
֪ڵϵĹӺңڼϴݣֺС⣬С⣡

ۿֻģͻȻסӣӴƴָսֱҪֻʱɿ
žֵ˵⡮С⡯Ҳеõģø֪صĶ

ĴĶëڽﲻ֨ףʮɻ⡰С⡱˷˺ЩʱղŽ̻˵
ģֻҪȵػһ˱ضѵʳȴ˶ֲҪСգ

Ӷܺд˷Ӧһ㲻⡣ʵǵļƻô죬ҪҪ

Ԫšüͷʵûаʲôģǰ˼ҵǹʹƻں˸ҸеԵѸ
˴һʮưӶʮ룬㽭ˮʦܶĴԽ˷ΪΧ֮λ
˴μƻܷɹĹؼԭֻǸŲСУξǰԪʶ˷óйϵƼ
ʹˮʦܶϣԪж£һֱĹʧƣòթҲһġһʮˮ
ﵱ֮Ҳסٸˮʦؿɽǽ롣ı֮˲ɱѪĵҪһЩͶ
ķӲźóǮȳһʮͬʱʧȥ֮ˣض´ңּ
Ѱһܷڹٸǰ˵Ӫͬ飬ˡǰʩرķӣбĸ
ѡ֮ܶλȵ֡

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һ£ؽĴϴյƣ¹ǹƹҡҷӳԺÿһʯСյãһ۷Ԫ˼
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һ»ֻ߿߿󽿵εεЦӲƮ·˲Ŀۡ˿粴£ػ˫ﴩһ
վƳɵĽȹĲõķڶߣһ̺õţڶ๫Ӻ֮УһһЦ޲Ķˡ
˫ɫ˫ػһʱž޼֣ãһ׷ģǰԤԼӦؽ룬
ƽ

Դ븸йһ̸󣬶Գһһ⡣Ǻ֮ܶڣ
ףʵû̽̽Էĵϸ½ԸԼûˣ˾¸Щ˫һʮС
Ϸ澣۵Сδѧ̬ʲôԫϱڣ̣ȴһ˿Һޣ࣬ǿ˵Сģ
˶ֱ֡

ɴһʼ㲻ס¹ƣ뽫Ū˺׻¸СȴǺۺȾƣʮ󺺼һ
֡УȡһһսһʱֻɫԽԽ죬ȴֺģԼѲʤ
£˵ſˣ˺ЦУϢģԼ˴һ

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֪Ȥ£˫һĹǣϣָܳɴ۾ţ²ûж˫Ц
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²ֻűѩֶýɫãȴҪһЩδЦڱƶԷݡ

˫ðòŻЦǰң

ûУЦýֻǾ֡˵ػ˫ǣƽӴúܣӦòΪ˾
һƽ𣬾ͽƽôСطɵúܣԵʶüˣҼȴǼģŵϳԭ
ع̫߶Ůеıѩ

ѩҧס´Խع֮Խ׷ֻͶԪκŽȨռ鱨ϱСԪ
塰ФʡϸǡɾҪɫ跨ӽ뱻Էʶơ

ѩ㣬ɺãЦݿ䣬ʩʩȻ˵ԪʲôأͲ
鶶ȥһׯ˳ôֺÿҸͬÿˣһѿɰĺӣǴ
£˵ĺ飬ӦòܾҰɣ

ѩϣˮԷĻ֮˶һȻѲ޵ͷûˡŮҴ
Ͼʹ˰֣˵ǰ꾩Ԫع̫ӴߣʱΪǴϢ
ѩб߻£»ǰ˽¸ԪķΪһ·İɡ
壬ɲҪһʱͿˡ

㶼֪ˡѩų޵֮ˣֻ̫ǿû˿ءģ֪Ȳʤ
ȯˣϽһѲ񣬡ġ˴ϲ죬²أֻ֮ң޷ֻ֪Ҫһʵ
ضʳԡ

µһѩ̾Ϣһͷ­

ԳµĻҡͷ˵伫

ô죿ʡԭԳ׿书ѹȺۣԪôһ򾡵Ķƣ
СԳһתչЦˣȥˣɣΪɹ֮ʣǾͰʵ㽭һͱٰŵ
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˽ƴ˶ƣȺˮĴӢˣҲɼֳܶһã뵽ԪҪⱨӦ
Цʮֳ⡣ʱһֱûпڵĶȻ˵ˣĻЩ˰ǳ޹ڻңôҲ
Ҳиĸ޶ڼι

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ȻԭԼڲ֪Ҳˡһ̶ˮմ㲻޹̾£ɣ
һˣҹϵ

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Χܶ棬˵ˮˣڰʱͶͶ㶯ȫ𡣡

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˲áԪ˾Ͷŵ콢ϣôΣæȥ̽ԶѴĹԪ
һ㶣ϽȸԶٵλε죬̤̤أ֧ġˣڳɳγ
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ﾪɲϽǰش𣺡үְˮʦᶽšյõܱ˵е񺷷˾ۼڴͼ죬׼ʲá


񣿺ˣڱҪȥʮɣҡȣһں
˴զզס˵ʥӲ콭Ϻˡһ̷ҪޣӵҲ迣ɳ͢
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ϱۣܵԭƻ㲻ټʵʩסٲϻղ˵Ĺټӣһҡسʮ
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裡ԪŽڸġФʡǿѹͷŭ˵²ΪˣնӰɣ

ˮﱾΪ˱ɣȴФʡʩɻΣ㶼м㡣ͷʮ
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˵ȶ߸ɾˡͶ໥һ£Ȼаڳ¹£˵лФӾ
۱֡ФʡǵֶǲֶȴùӶ֣ʵ״ݾֻһλô򵥡
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⡣λФʡ˻֮ʵǵܶѡ

ʮһ

Ԫʮ룬ԽԽޣǺηʥһֺ塣ФʡѼΪܶϢʱ
Ƭһӵǽ塣ɫ˸ֹԪʣ£

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ԪȻתͷšһģɴֱ˵ˣӦþԼǸСһԳΪѪᵽ
ʱضҧгݡ

Ԫ⼤˸սҲ֪̽ŵĹϵȴһԳ裬ƣǵĻˮ
·ʵʮ֪ǵ˵ˣ

ƺûСھߵ˻رֻ˵̰ʮãҸֵﱨ
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ԪԣɫΣǰ࣬һƬ糺졣Գ飬ɻǲԸ
뵽һľȻҲ΢΢ˡ֪ԳԽԽطλɹʱñףӵĹŶڼʱ
Լ飬ȻЩԵãڰ಻סϲɫ

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ŪǼֵǧĺæָֺһͻȻ롣
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תͷ˵ֻһģһ

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Ԫ⿴Գ֮Դر𣬰ٰǨͣȫΪûһ԰Ρʹһ
һȺ̶ĹӵܣܳɫһķͷҲѹ续ԼСүֺ
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˼ţ󣬽˵Щʲôأ

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㹻ҽƷġԳʱľң²˼ҪЩɵľȴϲ
ȥһİ棬ִ˲ƣز²ЩֹƷ˵Ǻηֱһ磬ȻиŮţ
˼ԧϷˮǶҪµԴɰˣ˺Ųɣõɽ죬Ӧ

󣬳¡Ʒ裬Ժ²᲻صߵͷԸɣýԼģ
صݣļҹŮܴߵߡСʱŵ÷ףһ´ϷĶӡԳЦ
ʲôһ˼ֲ㡣

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һΪڣվ㺬Ц衫

챻峿һϴˣӨƽеķ˵Ҳպض٣Щªˡ
ԳԪˣΪ˶ĿԴС֮С·˶࣬׹ݣŲµˣԪ˲ųڣһ
ȻҲª̤ಽУⶼҪ࿴ۡ

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ԪȫԳס׵̹ȻЦŶԳ˵лҪ˵ﲻԶиԺҵĲҵܰ
ҹȥһɺãʡЩɵЩ֪ν

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ʯϳһֳĹ֡书ԪԭͲοͲֵԳֻһקס
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ҡҡ֣Ԫ뿪̳ⲻԪ֮֮һ·϶˵ԪҲ

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ԳɱֳĬָֻסϸϸƿҡΣ˼СƿֻһŶĽɫҩ裬ᣬ
ＸоԭʮˣһȫֵԪⱻεΣ˵˶ǰˣҲ
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Գһǣôϲǰ£βȥػϹֻһ˳谮ζ

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Ԫɫ΢΢ףǿǳƾʲô϶ңҲˣ

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ԿһҪԷԮҲԽ˵ʵƷһƵԳ˼ܣС֤Ѱ
˸˾Ųʮ

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ԳЦָһͳһĽ롣Ԫʧɫתݣȴӵóġͼʮ
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ҪЩѨ˵ãǱ롣ԪֻѪҺҴܣʹоڸ£
ȴҲй֮ȷ˺ѰľʹӼ尾ˡʣ𣿡

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ˡָЩ룬˳ѨλĴҴܣѶԷҪˡһ£Ԫʹ˼£񶼿ʼ
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ܾ£Ǻ̧ƳһģЩʱ硣

̱ҲܲסԪڱˮԽյ۽ӿҺˡҰɣǶ
㣡

Գʧģ֪ʱŪʲôʵأ

ڡڻĴ衣ԪʹʵѵԳɷһʧ룬ǿ˵仰


ԳӲĳ첽ߵ̨ǰһ裬ŴϷԶ˹軨ƻ裬
һŹֵĺɫͷ죬Ыβ֩ţ嶾ȫͷ֪Ϊ
˼ƹƺֻлٵޱȵƲܾƤСպãڡ

Ԫˮϲ룬˷ڵϲֹԳͽ䣬ֺ󲢲ƣ°ĭ
ˣŶְ¼룬Ԫ⻺ѣǻظϵľʹֶȫˡ̧°ͣԼ
ӣʵĶŪģ

ԪϽδ⣬ѣ˵иǹ峤ĺˣ֮ʱ峤һλеֻ
ˣ㵽κ˱ܻһŮֵˡɻѧЩ£һ򲻸ñ֪
ġʮһзƣǸ޹ʵĹӣøˣ̻һЩһԳɫ
Ͻûʹ֪ҰɣԺٲˡ

أ

ֻ֪ǰˣʬɹﰴõģΪʲôȻȥˣҲԪ˵ͷȥҿ

ߣ㵣й¶ܣɱ˰ɣԳ˽ԣһ±кġԪⲻһ죬ʩͷ
ԼҲܣյ룬߽ңڴ¡뿪ԪⰧ
ߡ

ԳԻͷһЦ»ʲô£

㣡ԪҧгݡӿĸоƷˣ˱ԳڲѨʹָͷá֪
̲ǿкޣȴȻһЦ¶顣ϸ󳤸ٰһΡ

Գ֪Ӽ̣˽һͿջǲϳܣҪԼһ
Ц߹ȥָ絯ɪϸϸοԪϢضңȼ䲻ֵԾš۾
촽΢⶯һ˹ζ

óǸСƿǵؿ̫أҵ𣬻Ƿ˰ɡ˵꣬һơԪ
һҲȴûֱ֣ͣƿȫ롣

Ԫ߷֮£ֽֿУƴŤյסԳǰл˴ǣԳ轫£һ
ӸǺãϲɾ˫ֺ󣬺ɵתߡԪһͷֱ裬Ծȫʧͷڽп
ңΪʲôɴһɱң

ԶɱСġԳ²ͣԶԶһ仰¥ˡ

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գһ̴ľĺӡһʹ޵ı飬Ϊ֪УûҵԳãźź
ڡ򿪸ӣšϧԺĵֻװˡССƿ̲ס΢ǡԪӻ
Ǽ׿ΪܵѪزԲ䡣Ҳգ꣬û˾һҲȤúܡֻƿ
߸УȽסݺԪ⣬һӾˣ̾һŻľУС𡣰ԭ
ҪŶȥһ˸ѱãֻȳʱɺȻˣ˵ͷ˵ҪŸһλԹӣ
˵ûԵĹӣţҪŸסĿǶһ˵һˣ

΢΢һ㶣ССƽسȻôϳԳһ׮¡ʵأ

˫ֳϡδҷƤɫѱ䡣ֽǱ˿Ҷƽ㣬ī쳣͸㣬õıǷǱѰˮ
īκ֮Ʒ伴Ҳ֮áʲؿŵݣѼɺ֮Գȴ
΢΢¶Цݡ³ɺûʱ뿪ƽ̻˼գȵľһλԷõܱҲй¶ġ
дü̶žն飬ο˵ʮгɽ룬ïˮ顣Ψȱʿ
ΪʤƽʵͣԴ֮Ԫ誵˽¡Գ˵͹ȥ

²ӦʱͬգҪʹ麦㣬ǶЩְлĺá

ԪΪ˽ùͷһ˸ԼһճǼƣɹıԼסˣ˶෴鷳ԳЦŻش


ٵһƽأһõվòǮɣͬݡվǰͷһɵշӣ
éͤӣˮЪ硣תͤӣ۽ʱΪ֮һɽˮᣬɫࡣԪһڴ˴˸׵
Ʋˮ㷲ⲽʱߵ·뵽ԳҪһ棬ǻͨͨͣ

ֱԪ誵ĲӶ׶ʱԶһһԵõĴӹٵòˣȴ͸
СԪ誵Ƥ˼£ԷʱĿȫǣȴװģԿϳԳ豾
ˡ˵Ҳ˽֣лţһǧ˵ľΧǰֿտգ̬еȴ
Ȼηֻš뵽ŲֶΣ϶Գ迴ƹǰһԼѣԷضмɱз
ֵĶʱûˣֻҪ˵Է֡

΢ʪģԶͲ˻㡣ԳԪԾһٴʱԶѸıࡣԪڵ̫Ӵ
ò٣ʵп֪һֻɽÿӦˣ١ƽֺ֡
ĵ¡ȴɫ֡Խ컻أǿԮʱǱκΪһˡ

Ԫ誸Цһʰ飬߼ǰסԳ裬ʼɵײҰؼªȻ
õΪʡƣٱǰ˵⣬ʹļףֻԼڽϣüһ档벻
ۣ࣬ȸΪ

лǣң΢мԳ蹰Ҳһ֮г˰ҰԸԼͷ⡣ʱ
ȲȣԷӹȻ׵ʹԷ˼·֣ǲĹָСԳ迴ģԪ誵̽ƻ
Ӧ磬ˮ©Ԫ誶Ĵ澴ηװ˰Ͱȴѽסˡ֪ԼȲλ
С̣ʮװɵϳ裬̾һͶˡֱ˵˵裬ӥϵѾ֪ˣ֪
ҲǳطԪ⡣㡫裬ֻұض󸸻ʶ׼

ܵ۲أ㶼иԪ誡Щ龫ǺͼλгĵĴһﻮȣ֧Σ֡ͷһ
±Ǹɱݡڱ߹غñǿ̸ڵĴһʱ᲻á̫ԪƼˣڶı
һܵʾйûʵΡϽʮɵȽЩԪǿɵʵ
ܴ󽫾űٽ͢Լоɵģһˣֳ˸Żľᶽ¬ɽ
õԭ»½ƹܴһҪְж͹㽨֣ԪӲŹɻõľʯ
һЩֽ˼֡Ȼһһֵȥ飬ȱϧһд۵Ϊһжض
ԼҼͻȻѣֻҪܼϸ£ʦӵԮڱߣʹκԸҡ
ͼ޺صķӦ䵭ϽӼҲûиʹߣֻ˸Сÿպþƺò˵ĿţӦ
塣Ԫ׶Էʱ䣬ȿκƷչϡּʹȻߣȴҲ޿κΣκ˥΢
ԿǿڡúһУȻõܱ˵ԳƽԪ誸Ͻһָҹ·;
ŵƽسǡ֪Լҵ򲻵ѣʵԸ֮˽ƸԪ⡱ίȫ
Գֵͷ

Գ赭һЦش𣬴ӽһһһ׵档ԪһıŪӰϺ£˰
˵֪ԼװȥˡӥԪͷϣܵѪծָͣ̾
裬µƢҲ֪ǬٶϹˡֻ㲻ɮ濴棬ǿһˣ

Ԫ課ỹգᵽѹ̫󣬳ŭ㡣ǸɫģЦЦԪ誼˷粻鼱
֣ԼĿ˵ȹΣҴҲһƬϡŵ罫е֮ʱزϧ
Ա𳤸衣ԼܵίպҶӱսһ𣬳ǧֻ󳤸޹飬ȰһȰгˣ
ʷ絶ǧ֮ڰֻҪԼҰ֣һж˵ԳˣԶ
ȻӦˣԪΪ˼ͷ˵һֿŶԷһΪģʵ
ԼͷԼҶ꾭Ӫ¾㱸׷ŹûᡣֻԳܱ˵ת
һҪ󣬶Ҫ

ԳԹЦô˵ЩϡŹֵĻ΢Ѳ׼౨ӣ׼һسЧ

ţԪһʱˡʵڹŹ֣·һȭȥƼʵ壬ȴ޻䣬
ëڲڵܡú󣬲Ųŵʣ˼ǡ

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ôҲλо̫֮ˣӹǼȻްˣˣΪŶԡ

ҪٸԭְԪɵ㶵ġǶ֮֮вţϣڿ˶ԷȨ
֮ģû뵽ԳȻһ֣ĿˡԼҿϻɸΪ񲯵Ȼ£ֻҲӦ̫̫ˬ˰ɣ

ǣһ£΢游ҲҼ̳вŶԡԳһаЦ˵
ѽдãɵ·ƽͷ͵´Ϊϳʻʵ۱°ɡ

Ԫ誱ŪһԴ֪ĻٱԳ赽ڴʲô⣿ӹһôдģֱ΢
ǫɲ֮ʱԳȻĴ͵Ԫ誣Ц뿪ԪһʱˡӦɣ
ϣԼֻʱҪ°ҲضΪ͢й֮ɣԳǺˣȻһؾصܵ
Ƥ£ضİţһ볯֪ôľξˡԪ뵽ʱðһ亹

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ԽʹԽط͢¡˾¡Ƶºżǰ࣬þ顣طһ
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֮ڽȴδѶ뵽һ˿֪ü¶Ƶ¿˵ˣҪ
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طʱЩ˼æ£̫λһ¾ּȫ˰ԽȱΣòķѴ
Ǯκμ۰ƶ֮µʳ˾νһ͢ÿˣЩ׽
⡣Ƶµ˼ǽ顰׹жг͢ʹġ˰дׯûԹ
ӱܸ˰ѫǵأرһ˰һȿӹҲƸֿɴѹһºǿ
棬ڹ񶼴洦Ƶ£λسҲ˼طô¿Уͷˡ

żٴּѡʵ۵ǻҪʵ󹬡»ԽǳԴΪֶķ
бҪطϷգ֧֧᲻ϴӦҪǽԭеĹŮٲóһЩ֪
ȰĻʵ飬ŹŮʹžۣΪ˾£ܱܲϾɫ޶Ȱɡѡ֮±㱻
ƺֻ֮ʱգȴҡͷˮ֮ǳ飬ʵۻҪΣСƤδ̫
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һ׮һ׮ƺԶûͷϢһʱ绹üطֻͷ̫ͣɽ
¡ص޹̵ĹŮæֽͲⷦ»Ӣǻа࣬кգ֪ж˶
ڿųгֻϧʵҹҹֲ;ӲޣƽʱͬŮ˵Ҳһ
Цġ

źط¿顣ʱԼһ˴ǧġҹ˼֪ĹԺŮӳҹ
ߣ㽫мȾỨΣ«έɰףɫ¶Ӱһ׸˵ǧ裬Զ
طֻԼһıǣϦţֱɵ֮κ

ʵĶۣ¶ɫС͵͵˳Ѿӷɱܹܴ̫รӡӱ»ʺ񷹬ڵˣʺȥãԽ
˼ӣ㽫ʣ֮˾Լߣʱ˵˵ʺ£ȨһοˡطԽ֮Խ
ϧӣŶʮǰȥ̡ûʺƴطСˣ̺Ȼ˾һЩ
»ʼλ񷹬µСҲܹܵ͢λӡ

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꣬ȴӲ׽ˡΪطǲòᣬ㼱ææѹŮӶɸѡһ飬ݶˣ
Ůٽֿ̻̬쵽طǰױ»ʵĨֻ˵ڵȱ֣ѡ˼鶮µĵǰ
طˣľĿ˵ãǾ°ɡ

Ӵϲæ˵л¡Ůл󣬵ܹɫһһߵط߻Ϊ˲赹ˮΪƵĥ
һüĿһСС룬òѰŮӶЩͦΣʮ־طʲô

ˮЩŮӶٻʿ壬ʵǰ̫ɬη塣طԽԽԳмƣԼʵǼ
įþˣһֻϣȴҲʤޣҪ߰£˵ˮǴϻۣȤط
ʱʱ̴Ц˵˵ţˮط岻ע⽫͵͵ŲŲб˵Ļ

һΪʵ۶ģʾȥطʶҪжߣ
˼Цһɫ£ԳԺһùϣ֦»ζطʱͺ쵽˶ӣ
æв֪ˮΧҲһˡ

ԭСϲŨüۣ˫رŮӡ贩룬ЦЦбֻһ仰ͽԽ»޴ˡ
طʵûע⵽ˮֲͣʵ˵ΪüԷԼŶġԳ̫ϲ
ˣ˵ʵ飬ֻ鷳

ط徽ŲԳ輫ģټһ̾С岻ԸңΪЩϻ
ҹ̣ˡ

ǣҲطæ͵³ᣬüﻰѿڶ˵һ룬æס¸ˣ
ɫֺ޻ʧɫˡ

ʲôԳգգ۾ϳɵѵ׽һΣƫƫطϷˣѺÿҪѪܻܲش
˵ԼҹįȻţǳȻԼ߹ˡһǣڶͷˮѣ
ϸϸᣬʧ޺ۡؿԷԳЦ۽ǣȻ˫ü䣬һ
硣Ҳϸϸյ̾˵ֳˣԺż׵㡣

ẬһźͷѬȻ֮⣬ȱ˵ڵĻҪ˶ġطһʱζ֯Ϊ
ĵʹ˯ҲðģƣǶ֫ٺö˶˵ĻˣʱоԼƶˣһ˿
һҲˡУԳᱧ

һִֻɢķ٣һֻڽ¿طԲ붯ſڴϣȴšԳĴߣÿһ
µƤ˵ķɫط尮ǣ飬һ͵Խҧ˫Ҳ಻סһ
һɿ顣ٴĶͷ𼱣õģ㻹ûԹأ˵꽫šϸ˿ͽ¸ء

طʱȫУòԳ֣ҲԽѹֲסˡ±æҧסԼһͷԳ֪ߣ־
͵飬Ц˵֮鰮Ϸϧ񣬻Ѱ͵ǽ͵ˡ
ȻҪ͵Ҫ͵÷͵Ȥźã

طһӶѩȸԭԳ˵͵ġ͵Ū飬Ҫ޳ǸϽ
ġ˻ϰݣЦһûأ

𣬱𣡡طһſڣѱҧסͷƴ˱ֿʼġֱ֮¶̬
𪽡˶շתͨûʹطͣͶ¼ӰԽԵ絶
һ㿡вɸпүڿ𣿾Ȼһ˴ǻ飬˼㶼ٯٯ
˫׽಻ݣֱƣ˲ӵų˯ȥ

һҹߵѣطʱʹ붯һȴֱѹġԭҹ޶ȣҪ˯ȥȴ
ԳֶŪѣǱŽ̬˯ˡ΢΢һԳҲˣֽŲ̰£Ϸſ
طգûʱ⴫ӵūźأ˵Ҫƿӡ

طƼ˵𣬱𣬱һæҵԼԳס
طĻʧȻǱϹϾվסˣ۹ȴڲɫĴԿʵһ˿ң
壬һǸΡ̲סһ˿΢Цԭ²ǲͨ£Ȼܿ
Ա¶һͷȵñȫĳ谮ضǼ˵ġֻǲ֪ҹĿ
޹ģ£

̧ͷʵͨգͷ˵ۣЪϢһհɣūȥ֪ǿɺã

ããȥ죡طͲЩߡԳ豻ڱЩָͣŪҪλǻڹȵ
ҲˣҪҺøСԡͰˮ֪Ȥߣûʵ۴һϽ
ҪԳЮƣȴ§סض˼¡ӱͷԳЦˣС壬Ҫݳż

طһƦ̬ҪھܾȴԳŪﻹܷ˵ǣϱˣǻһҵ
Խ»ʲ΢һȱϯ糯˺춼޹ɹģһ׼κ

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ԳصԽ˸ƵģˣҲˡ¼ڽ⿪Ľᣬطеˡ磬κ
͵ԳĺЦԪҲǸѵõ˲ˣΪԪϽɽѾĻֻϧʶ֮õɺ
Գ赱µİӡһУǱذɡ

Խıʯ˿ֵս˫κʢʳԳط˵κչ
СºͶ⣬ͬʱʵΪʲôǲӦöЩ𣿡

κõڽϣһֱС죬㣡ոСңϹٳܣˮˣ
꣬ضաʱǧʯƽٹҲӡҲˮ־ԭаʮδˮ
ˮ֮񣬺ߣߣ

ԭˣ˻Ȼ˵Ż̧һƤǶ鰸ãֻ÷ڵ
̿󼸺ռӡԳ辪κȫͼ꾡Ūģ

һڱʱĴΣǰʮʱŻɡߣǴ׸ʵ۵ģøˣ
شڼݵͼֱȻƽҪ˷ڵϣ鿴

еǱ޳ս޳һȴǧŲ䣬Ҫʤ̣ҪľҾ뱣ͨоӦǧ
ټƽضϡս¼Сʧֻĩڣް֡ڱְͳȫ֣ǧ˿Լ

Գͷţֶ˵Ҫ¡

ڵͼһӣ˵عʮϡӶϡϡ϶㶫ϣ
·κʱսȫǮԳڴˡȻȡ˺ְ֮ܶһսֻҪضϺˣ
ڶκݡ

赱Լ˵Ķ֮£ֳ⣬ᵽʹ޶ֻ֣κֵ֮£Գ
˵سⶼ֣ܵдʯȡʹá˵ӾˣЩùǿ
ܻǿԵġ

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лңү͸΢΢һЦ˼ݺɳʮ꣬۱£ǿһӶϲϵġ
һЦͷֿͼʱλ˵Ǵӱѡ

ԳЦĵ찡

˲ǱǲҢغͥҡΪԳӦ׾׵ܵܣѧ
Щ츳Ψ˼ֳǸǷȣ˴˧ԳִĥĥԿĸ
һĿӡҪڳ裬ȻܲǳŲҢطȥԽԳ飬Ҳͬһǰ
ʵС̣ҪһԳ裬ȸ

һ꣬ҢֵܶһЩԭǹζȥ࣬жӢ֮Գе΢΢ֵǣ
Ƣǿؼʱ̬ȣֺ˵ĲҢȴʮ䵭ŹԶԶԳһΣʱ
˿ףᵶسǣսԡѪͥм忴ءʱһɢ֮ݹˣ
Ӳޣֻǿ׳ٲϷŵ͡

ҢشصţԳ迴һЦλԶ࣬Ϣϴһ°ɡ

һȣҸϽо仰ҪȽȻֶԸκ׾ָӣ
־񡣡

ΪʲôԳЦʡ

ߣﶮộɲΪܶұִжǸǣ˭ȹж˵
زסʣ͸ɴ˸ʵʵ˵

ޣҲ֪ŹһͿصһ˵󻰲ͷȥԵЦȴѰ಻ס༥Ҵ
ŭһǸǻҪƯˣʱˡŵǾȱȣ˭˭͸

ҵһ£Զ˵ڶ硣ΪԷǸӣԳȡСȭšڹṦ
һ׮ؾ㡣ѵǰ֣һδһﶼ²ս˵˼һ
ûָһԣлհһ϶žѧˣЩ˲Ңֵܡ

մ磬סԺۼһСȺˣطٴΰճ˱װҲո֡Գһۣϵ
˵ҵ书ǱֻʵڣزһءΪղСӹҼң̬һ
ɣʵзеĴɡҲƶǰһָԳʵʲô𣿡

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ãһƣʱֻ̧ƸƸһ˶ߣ׳̧öһֻװǱ
ĺþƣŨűˡԳʱɫԾ޴Ƹ˵ͷ
һ̲סЦˣʲôȴֻƽƽһױҾƱ˵ȫˣǽϴֻ¶ΪѡС
֪̬ȶװƭ˵ģͷɱˡ

ҿϵ󣬼ǱȺȾơ˭ӮˣԺ˭ҷô˰ɣ

Գһְף͸죬ڣ󶨸ɫϣȾϻҪḻʣ֪ĶΪ
涾ɫһǣֻˣˣûбģξȻӽסˣһʱ߷ѵۿ
Щ˲ǽѣһֿ˻ſԳÿˣŰ¶Ǽ
ϵǹӻþҲ˳ԽûûСҲʲô£ңԳıʱһа
С֧ʹת

Ҽ״ӸˣߴٶԷҪƴԳֻӲͷƤ³⣬ݹȥһֻˮưΧ˶
˳ԳԵЦ迴ưһüһһưȥʢһϴʰ

Կʼ˺þͲȴҲΪȵü죬˹ˣСưȥˡСأ̧ͷ
һȴŵòԭԳѰһưƺȵøɸɾʼڶ֡

һưƺò׶ȥˣҲڶưʱȴеˡԭܼ򵥣ԷֺԼǷݣĨĨ죬ס
ߴǸûڰ˭˵˲Ƶģǰһ̳ӣŻװôΪôңĸ˵һ㲻
ƻɶԼģ˵ˣҲ˰Ȱɣҧţֹȥࡣֻ۾ֱ
ˣָųЦôԴžͨһͥ˲صڵϣ²ˡ

ľƴսȻճʵʵڳ˵ϡԳ˦˦ӣ׷ʣԼȥˡطŲ΢Щɢ
ϽȥտˣסЦɵСȻֻװ˵ĴƸΪǵС˼
֪ԽѵûҾ𣿱װȻ

¶裬һھֽšһ̳ǻʵҾơ㵹һ̳ȴˮ˼Ǻš
赱ʱ͸ԷͼⲻţҹȴǱ룬ˮľʮµɽھơھой֮ƣƾ
죬ϵرҾһϣǿǼӱĲˡһ̳Ȼػһˮȥٲ÷ࡣԼ
Ū٣úܣǰδϸ鿴ˮȻмƴ׻̫ۣļﶷùԳ衣

ҹˮġ㵹Ȼʮ㣬Գ跽ǿѹƣһ⽥ӿҲѳֲסԼˣط
ϿЦͣþӨ͸ʯһɰʮֿƣδйʧ̬֮ʱģֱܰ˵
ȼط岻ȻĶ̲סȥգ޲ľ˱һ֭ԺֻߺҲ
ʮƾܡط˶ˣͲ곩һֻǿпСı÷̵ȥ
šֽϸϸ塣ŸƵģϸܣ£вɿܵջطе·һëë
ѣУ̣һҲȥˣҴãϽĶӡ¿ɰѶ
ſϷ¼ˣͳУԹ߰

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һ۾͹ʮѮм㵽СѩκжʱȻҹﺮ˪أĶǰ
ڶ첻֡ȴһүЩаԡӱ߹һɼҵĺ磬ߴǽһȺȺǣھ
ƽС轵ĵ涳ñӲ϶ƶ䣬Ѹͷڵʵʵ͸˿ů⡣ӽ
жһӱ⾰ͬ´󲿷κԱ鵹ҲʮǺϡ

ȥ͵ʹڱ࣬ûܼʵأֻûϷЩʮŮԷʵ
ˣ˾Żл񣬾Ȼǰײʮ󳵡йɥʹôЩײַڽ
Ԫ誼ʱ˴ء

ûգ˾౨ʮ˷սʴ֮ճᣬ硣νʴߣҲ̫֮˾֮󡣾
ȺˣʴһЩֱĴ󳼾ͳô˻ۣܵۿգ¡ʵ۱ԶɣýӵԳ
ҪԪ誴ؾۣ϶ЩԼ˽Ϊƽһŭ֮½ʮͳͳɴ󣬽Ա
ʵۿˡ಻ʡ˾лʧУ˼ּԱᣬԷ˳޹ĳӴٹ𶯡
λͷһԱͬʱ˻硣Ԫ調οʿϧëΪλ̫
˻Ǳʥ֮ʴطگＺѿʵЩҲܵۻκʱ޶
ٳ£ܱסһС

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ѩźŵĺҰ׷ˡġǿУлףһ˿Σ֣ʳĵز
ܵȴɸãʴ˼˼Ｚگ£Ⱥ䣬ӵĶʮѿ

Գְ۳ȥˣʵĺֱӾӵϣΪҪ˽Ϻ塣⻰˵ף
ԪҪǮûǮҪûˣԼҺǧҲͲ֪㵽ʲôطȥˣʲôȥֵȥܵ۲Щּ
Ÿ棬ˣʹʬǧСһʥּȥҰ㶼ȻԼдԭȾҥ˵
۲ˣɱùŹ档ȵ̫ԳͻȻ£ϻ磬ͷ˴඼ˡ
ƵţԽҲ±߾͢ΣڵϦӳԳ費Ǹ˰Σ裬󻹳Ըսʵ۾Ȼ
ԼĸԼҳΪҳҪɱҪУ˶ÿȥˡǸΪԼԩѩƬɵ
ܵһʮλСԱЩ뾳֮ʱҰϾ㶼ǳͣɼ򱳰

ԪԳ۵ķˣ̫˽ʵ۵ıԣɾԼӮ˵ͬ飬ΪպѰ˸
뵽Ԫ課һսѵκѾûл·£ͷ˼֣˵
мӼ͵

Ԫ誸Ͻ¶һ֮ʱϣԽʮԽ߾ֱκԽలκ
פ࣬㼯еľӣҲˣ޷ԽԪ課ҵһæ֪ۣܵһ
ȥλ顣

Ԫ誵߱Ӧսλҡ

֣ۺ͸εĻҶһۣ˵˵ˣʵѾܲˡƸܣЩ⽮һ
ǳԿúȱѪĶħֻǴ¹ϵ̫λ˶óȻ˵׸Ϊıһ·;ңԶǼ
ҲǱ޳Ī캮ض޷֣Źﲻ̫ԶԮߡȻм֣
ǰŹЭɱɱǡ

нʣļλϳˣԪ課ֻôѪоȻһǳٳĺСЩ
ʢЩô˼һ˫񣬱ʱ͸Ľ顣ȴҡͷ룬͢һ
ÿ붯ܴ󽫾ǱֱضаѵľͲңձһ棬˻վ˵
ֻԼӲͷƤμ᲻گõΣ

Ԫ調ڳһãȻ˭֪ʮ򾫱򶯲õġԼű˵
ˮһӴ˵Ǽ򹫵˼ǣ

֢ԼҡԻȥˣܰԼңĺNƽκʮս֮
ºβ˻½ԣȰһȰ

ԪԳ̾һͷˡӵĻǵ㵽˹ؼԪ誣κļѾʵԳܲɷֵϵ
ֻܵ۹ִϽͣǧѡοԳҲǳ֮ĺһ졣Ӽģ
ʱȵף룬Ҳûȥˡ˰գóƵķӡԪΣֻ˵Ҫ뺣
ʮԮΣ

Ԫ誵ҼǰͲˣ̫ӺΪλϽӭȢŮΪ̫ɽΪĹҲΪ
սǿʣ˽顣ʵԼҾɲκĴҲֻʣһˡ

ֵǣȺɽ߾Խɧһձȥˡ֪Գڶ£
˴βװӣκ±ɢʵõɽ˧Ϣ̾ͽطٻԽֻԪ誱
ˣ˴⣬ɽطߡһ͢Ͳò๩ʮˡÿչ֧ףҪ
ķǧʯΪ̣ܵۡʵһӣͷǿɡ˰κӸǲظٶ
˸˰ﻹȥֻŮʧ

쳤ڰط崦񣬰ϵӶѵСɽһ㡣æͣż̧ͷʱ᲻¶΢΢Ц⡣
ŲҢؽصšʧͥѺûҺ棬̻رȥˡ˫֮
ǴϢطֻʵŴǾ£ʵЩƵͱ綼׼׵ˣβ
κʵ۲أ֮ʾ

ٵһȣԳг΢΢Цļ

ȣʲôط׷ʡԾʱѺͳʮֽš˼仹Ҫˣæõˡ

̲ס͵͵ıתͷЦӯӯŲҢֵܡͲסϬֻ˵ʵˣ
ҲҪСүֻ֣ǡĻЩ󲻾˵ˡ

Ҳأ԰ɣԳЦභÿÿ·磬һЩޣΪһ
Գ裬ȨǳˣĬϡһֱ俴ЦĲҢȴͻȻ廰˵ҼǵǰиƯ˵
֪ںδ

һϣõʱûˡԳ豳˫֣֮ǰˡطҲ֪νӿڣڨڨȥص
һۣʣʲôúõĸ˼ĿΣ

Ңҧס´𣬿ķ߱ʵʵڳô˼̾ʲôݣ
ʶһˡ˿Ŷ飬ʵ䡣Խʵ۴ģǱ¶ܲ⣬ǳ
˿ʸġ磬ǧҪΪɵ

ҡҢĺңδˡſԳطܵӣھĸγһܡ뵽
մֵܶ˵ֶ̲סԼ§סȰο䵭òҲûõģ֪


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ñļ󣬿ܵΪ޵ҷѽǮκò׻һҵ
ѰܾˡȻ֪һټӸֹʣȴҲ޿κΡּܵҪ׷Ϻ壬ʹʧ
ݸΪӦϷץЩյŮŮԼݣͳͳ͵ʵϱԭգ
һǣ㡣Щ̰ƵĹԱû٣ϵĴҲѣ͸ǧӸĹԱǾ
ԹУìͷָ˹屡Ļʵۡ

һ֣۱һΡΡԪǰ̫ӡݷڵغޣԪ誴󾪣
æҲԷ׷ԭɡ֣ۼȫò׳ͳһŻҺԪ誽ӹϸ˰
òŷֱִֿɰֲƤһǻƺڡʵ۹ʲô

ǺϽ˻ľ֣۱һݺᡣ˵ǩʳʱϳԲ鿴
ǶǺõġ˵·ͣǧݹʱٲñ̰һЩϳܻں˰ɣ뵽
ǣţ

Ԫûԭ͢ټѰܻ˳̶ȣδɵľ˸ԴλãûҪȥ̲
µ̹ǹγ£ȻȱɽԼʿ䡣æʣھΣ

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䣬м꣬ΣӣΨҰˣ

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ڿɶĻδ˵ֻ꣬ܵ۵Ĵּ̫һֻſż̫˵̫ӵ£ūǰּ
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ѶϹĻ黳ҶûϴҪʮȶһֱ̫һײʱµµ¸߸̨ףˤͷ
ѪҲˣϽȥ̫ҽɣ

Ԫְ˽ŵһУһ̧ͷ֪ѾȫˡѩǴӰ㿪ʼˣʱëѩƬסƮ跭ɣ
ռŵĹԺһƬ磬Ǭ״֮µѪ۹ֻ±κһҪ
ࡣһȴʮʯ룬ܵҪʮˡ󾹱Ƶȥ̫ܹ
飬͵˹õĽóȥǮý㣬ѵľûа취κԪ誶ںҹѩп˼ڤ룬
ʱΡΡڣʮߣ֮䣬ˡ

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Ļں󣬺ʩչṦɱŽˣ

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λ󳼣Ƹλ㣬ϵͿˣ޶ʱգ㿴̫ɡܵ
ΪԼѩԩ飬͸㣬Լ⽮Ϊ֮Ը볯͢ͽ⣿

Ԫ調˼գˡҪκڼȱðƽǸ߸ϣ˹ҰհΣһһҪԼô
ʵֻۡҪܵۻλһգ˼ԳҲһϰֵģǺ˾ġգ볯мλ
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Ԫ誰һܱ˫ֳϣͷдԽѽˣѩ֮ͬʱκκд
ܵۿԼңӵԳ裬췴µͷоͰʮ۱ƹܱŻܴ󽫾ܱ
ڳ֮ˣɫˢˢذˡ飬ȱٽκʲôȥֵǿοܵһֻѴѵӶ
ϽԪ誷ѽԪһƻɾ֮λңԪ誴ǧߵлˣ

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ڴϸ̴㡣κºͺиǣ̫̾ǲδ˵ڵľȹơͷԲɴ
İҶʢԪȷһƬΪΪ񣬱Ȼվȡ̨ϵĽ𱭣ҧָһѪˮơ֣
̾һӹƱѧѪΪˣλƬ̣Ҳһһˡ

Ԫ誼ȵҹۣϵԪｫһһʮ˵Ϊ˵Գ衣Ԫ뿪ʱ
֮͢£ԪһͷεĻ˼ҲͱˡһУκ㲻ϱ
ҺͽҲͲΪɱ֮ӵݣԳ費Ԫ˵һ򳤸衣

Գı纣һ˿ϲãֻ˵Ԫ謣òһˣסհɡĴ߿
ɺã

㲻Ը⣿Ԫеѩˮܹһ㣬ʵҪͽģǲŲ


ԳʵڲĶ˵࣬ɸԸ⵱˵̫ǰҪҲ
ɱԪϻ壬ҴӦˡҪɱ㲻ҵĹˣ

Ԫ謲˵ʲô΢΢üʣʲô˼

Ԫ謣㷽˵£֪ˡԳӲĳشʵһֱڵֱƹ

㣡Ԫ謾ʧɫվָı˵úݵļƣ

ԳһľȻ˿ΪԪΪʮִϻۣԷһ㲦еľıԪǷϸֻܱ
Գй¶ģΪľҪգСƳ뵽ԼԼ˵ĶԹ
˵裬㣬ְɣ˵ˣֻҪϷŹʲô¶е

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òѻ˵͸Ԫ誳ɲµģߵĴ̫ɽǻʵֵܼ̽һҲģСͰ
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ʵӣֻ߱Ҳóɡ

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㶼֪ģ

Ԫ謣ͣģԳ˵ԪһܣɽҲܵǣۣܵҴʮ
꣬Ҹ׺屻ʮҵȵľһ죡

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ԪԶԶ뿪ǱΪ˲֮˱ȻˣԳеĳԶе
ҪͼҲΪԼֻһҪ컻أ³һǧŵİ£֮
һ֪ϧʵǲһ뵽С΢ΪŬԪʱԼԭ
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ž˷ɸ봫龩ǡ

㣡ҲӣԪ謲ȻŭˡȻ֪Գ˾ٶΪİȫ룬һе죬ֻΪȨı֮
еһжѱòٴˡ

Ԫ謣ǧҪȥԪ謵ŭԳĴΣɼϣѲˡܵ۵ΪˣõԪ誺
ضҲŹԪ謵ġǰһƬӽ߬Ϸſ˵Զȸѻáҷ̰ͼ
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Ԫ謣ҪΪУ

ԪĶסҪȫȫ̽ԼĿһ㡣䵭κ˶׽ߵȥ
ˣԶһɫҲѵãΨܴ鳢ĻֳʹˡദԪ謾Լһľż
һαװ˿ŻʹϲζģǸˡ֪Ҳ᲻ãԪ
ƹʱҲͷͬˣܿԸ̾һ͵ͰҲܣһ
µˡ

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Գ΢΢ͣס˻ͷԪ謣Ԫ誵㸸Ҳ񣡡

ӦңᾡһȡԪʱͻȻԪڽ¿ЦѪʱ˵Ļ˵磬ˣҲ
Ԫġⳡ׷𰮵ϷһûʤģûԪĻϣȵزʱȴȻϲ
һ󷢺ѵһߣԳĻӴİ·

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ҪʹЩΪʲôעԼҪͷӦءǧذת֮˷ĩԪ
תסѩ۾ٶһ˿

ҹԳһ˶鷿½๣ҹʵҪԪ誣

˵Ԫϻ˲ŶԳʵڲĿԪģŴӦ˾ˡһʣ
˵ʵˣܾȳе̫Ҳɶи£ǲ̫˵㣿ԪʱҾ
룬ҪڵĻôҺãȥŹء

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ڿԳİ֮Գ΢΢һЦе˿˿ů⡣Ԫ謵֪ϧܿɹȴѽ
ߵ˾ͷСܻߵġ

˵Ԫ誣գڸǰصжңңʱԪＴϲáĮȻϵͷ
Ӧ£ƻѳɹһС룬ʴʮ˳֣۵˷ú󣬶µıɼƻϸ£
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ѶϢ»ǲ·šҶ̫һͬ춫ĸʿܵ
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Ǹ̰ƵԪسͬ⵽ʱ͵͵ܵ޹ţԼ̫ࡣӡĴ̫࣬ܵ۵
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ָǰΣӹˡ

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ʧɫɲ˵һ֣Щ˱һӵϣеʵʵԪ誻ع
ڴµˡڶӵģ֣ۡҶǱǡ·ԼһҲ٣ֻоᶽ
ʹܹǲСӿЦҶηƵΪһ¾Ͱ
˶ˣɻһɣµȫ̫ǰǧСˣǰų
žܺ¡滵µȴǵߵǸɽϲĿŴͷԣǿɶģ

Ԫ쳤̾ҴκԪܣ

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ۿͬı̺¹£ŶӳºԼϵڹˡϳ¼ҲԪѳ
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УҪҪӺٴδĻﶼһ˽ˣܵû̱̬ҲͲҶˡ

׷̵գѪֹӣԪЩѭܳһǰ޲ԼȥЩ֮ࡣȼն
ΪڵԹߣ߰ʱλһ΢ķ̫ӾȻǷЦϵġֻһΪˣ
ԸĪҪڵ֮ң

˺˱ͷ̱ǵѪζղɢԴ˵ʹֻԼڱǴƬҶǿ
ڲ֪ʡ˽һΪжˡ

Ԫ謵ѶûжԳ˷ÿ黭ɽˮ֪Ϊķֱܻ䣬һ
ĬȻе⣬ʵúܡϧֻԵҲδؿڡ

º󣬵ͨ¥˻С΢͹㲵ĺԽʱԳСǷҪУЦ
аȫĲ֮費Ϊҵġң°ܣӦӣӦˣԺԵĸ


ദһҹԪٷյµݡԳӹһʱԪ謼վ
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ˮԪȻ衣صӰתѡ顢䣬һֻֻͻصĺɫ֮
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Գɴֹͣȴ¡Цܣǰֹ飬ǶˡԪֻԼǲ̹
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Ϣɿ̹ѶܵۿϽ׵鵤ְһԹ񣬴ཻ׸֡ʵ۵˵
ολߴˣʵǳˣѶΪ֮ҲдۣԵŻףѵΣٻ
ĻӶ֪١

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뵽˸ߺꡱ䲻Ϊ棬ͷʵģңԶӰȴһ
ǰʴһ飬˵ʾԻʵ۲û죬̫Ԫ誹Ȼͼ췴ܵųһε
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档˸Ӧ֮˵˭˵壬Ψ˵壬žĿηɲ

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ܵۡͨƪϻڰ޹֮²ڽԴһʡʵۿ˰첻֪ƣöģһģ

ϢԽʱȻתůվǰԳ裺¾㱸춼㷽ˡ״ʲôʱ֣

֮оʿ׵ôߣ»Ѻ󡣡Գ軺̧۳ȥüīкһƬٷ飬촽΢
һ΢Цοôģ³һ仰ұۺӶˣʱѺҪ˵Ļȫ
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صֺشһͨܵͥΪնľ˵棬Щﲻϲסȥ
Ͳ˵ˣԷóĿ迪ʼȤҲһһӦսˡֱǰΪʤĴθү
ڹӲȥͰ׷ȻǿʤȴǴ˺Ҳð׹һ£̲ס룬ع
ħͶ̥ĵܵˣǰʵΪĥİɡսŰܣŰսĲµһҺ
ܿͷСһۣ࿴Σ׼ܡ

һʱ±һˡͥſڸҪ˵ʲôȴ۵ɵúܿȥˣȷԳ
֧ͷһȤضסʱϽˡԸţƤǣضһüë²мƲ
һֻСѣ

Щͨ¥ռġ̡ϡǽʮأû̽ʵݡԳǵķչͷѸ
٣ɶһۡϸʱʵֵʱҪ𣿡

Ѷ֮ǲ֪ܼɣһ·ֻ̫µͷᷴԳ̾һ
һһסԭһһҪ£ƾȡ˽ɽģǿ׳װ˲źȻ游ȰǾ
ķΪһ˽սҷǧˮ𣬴ΥһΪ֮Ҫ˼

游һ˵ĳʱвᣬռԪ뺣鰧ĪŷЩˡ˭ûм
̾һ룬Ҳ𲽳գٶóɴ£֮ߡ

ԼҪĻ֮£첽κ·ˮ֣أѳ
һƬ

췴ڤڤϲ͵Գϰˮ֮ʮĶﾡ٣գľ
κضǶǧءʱ߾죬ȻӦƼ˲䶼ĿͶԳ裬ȴϡֻ
ָߵߵ棬һϸ΢ͷϵġ¶գ̫׾졣ɥͶһ


ԭг񣬴Ҷһ̰Գܳ£һҲĻһΪ
Ҳض֮죬뽫ӴʷʱĲȻĻЧǰϭġдһƪĴ
֣ҪĿľָʮʧ߱ĸ벻ءԳ迴٥ʣ
ԥдĸ֣

һ˵⡮õúã˵͸ףΪ˻µġӱ񲻿ЩͶ·
İ˱ضҲӦǷԸȥ׼һɫ죬Ҫûɫ˿ĸ֣ء

κ·겻ĴˮڱƵܵ۱ϳʵΪ޷ǣܯ£ǺѹѹһƬ
ڳȴûһ취ˮ֮еġʵдŭǶ˵ԼӦôȥ


ʱٴһͷ֮ȴȻ˸ҽӻʵ۵Ļͷʢģܵǰٲ֮˲͸ˣԽ֧š
Ȼһ𣬡ʣԸȥ֣ʵǰһֻͷڣۣ͸Ÿš
ͷȻʣ㣡ٿּԪҲúõԪԣδЦƵģһǴУ
Ҳˣ

ܵۺλѹӵʱɰȺŵòᡣֻλȻͨ죬۹ȴԵЩͣԭǲú
Ϳˡֻúһ£

ܵһ㶣ϵĻĲֻ¶ϸˡԪˣޱȣһֱĻġԪ¶
ıҲóһЩ֮ӵҲͲ⡣
ôһ룬ǰȻֳһӰӣ㶼ĬĬԪ訿ڱźѪһԪﱧѪģ
ӣұбɱһԪ誣ԼĸףʼղϻͷȨȾãһ
Ȩвʱ뵽ųˣȻ׹⣬ŸӻɢֻʣһµϾԼߡʵ
΢΢ʹһ£Ѱ˼Ÿ˵仰ѷŵʧ̬ڸǹȥ˱Գ跴ˣ

桰Ĵһܿ͵õӦԳ£һ·նضᰯɽصʱѾжʮ
һǼ׳ҰΪ֮𶯡Źظģɾܺʧ£ӵ
¡ܵѶŭϳˣ˼ѼҾѶܽӵ߹ˣȴҲһ޿κΡ

ܵж;ٵ۹հرأԼƾʱƴں֮Ҫǳˡ
ȴûϵԳǣǱܿκΧתƣһһص¡ռȡһϵ
Ĵʩղ˿ڣȶƣ˰ȰҵۣڴʩЩط
ָƽ˵Ǿ֮أκȨĴȴʮֳصġεְվú򲻼͢˾Ԯ
عǷһ㣬Ҫǵĸɹͷ˱ѪɰϣԾЩźáЩС
ϰһ׻ֵĴͷʿ͹׳ǡ

һºԾפ壬ƾգǲͻϮùپͬգʮˮһʮȫͣ
жϱˮõԳ̶ӹնɺӣȺȡùءݷءƽϣɳɧżؾҳ
ԮԾռȡƬأҡ

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Ͻɽﲡֻʣһ󽫿ãɸټϵŵӹͳʢˡһ
ܵŮƽһǸصѧȫŵĹҳϧȴͳԶԳĵ
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ӹ쾫УһݼפȷֱǧڰӪλɽƽʮϱ
ͨ;ϵһʺΪұ֮ءʢĴγ֮ƣҼлԳ˼ԭУֻϧ
ǧ㣬ΨûаѳʢʳŲĴڡӪ̣ŵ֪ʢǰףоʮ
·һǲƣӹڰװװԼĲ¶˶֡ԳʾһҹϮӪնɱ
ˣܲɾۻƥܶԷʮˣӹ걻ҽƴͻΧ⡣

ʢүΪۣܶʱŵòᣬϽӭսԾսԽԮУ·ϵ̫æ
δȷ̽ڣɽϿгԳڵĴˣرԾ˸⡣ڶ죬ս
ɽʢٴδܡʮʿƥûӪʣһƬƲرɽϡηԾͻΧ
ֻõȳ͢Ԯֻɽиȫޣ֪⵱Ҫʿˡĳ˵һϼƣ͢Թ˲Ͼ
ǵͬҵĴһӲˣ˵۴˭ǿùԼңǣɴͶ˰ɡԼ
ĸ˸˧ʢɱѶüĲвеˡ

ԳԴǳסԸµ£Ը췴ģ㷹Ա㣬Ϊѡ˸м֮ʮͬԼҵ
д붼ԸԾˡԳѵʿ䣬һһձࡣ

ʮ˼Ұ˽ӣܵ۵ñѪ˱Դ֮͢α
սǽʿҲЩձ졣һǰ߲ɱţʿʦڣľּǿ
˳ǷĵźԮԳʾüǣ˫һս㷢ּʿȱѵѵԷ
ʱٲϳˡһ糺ɫŮȹ֮ȻɫԳ֪Ͼˣ

սţԾŹ¡ҲԱ֮׾ַǿնδ֣ܵ
˶Էһ֧һһƾڸ߳أٰЦǴԳǣҲһʱĪκ
ڵԮܵѵʿԼʮ򣬲ռɸϵɽּطȫͽ׸ȣ˼ӽװѵ
ɾҲҪ˵Эͬս

һգԾӪһλ߹ʿ˧ɽипСүƼǡԳоԽӼ
ʩ˵ɽ˷̽ǲǰҽڼͽֻҪһ£ʱҸͶ
ӦϣΪ򿪳š

Գѵ޿ײĵز΢𾪣ȴһ̹ϣʵ̺ˣ֪赱
λر

ҪСүʹͣ˰ףԴư˵ɽǰСүƷĽΪΪ
ĸԸ˳ӦѣҪֺ𡣡

˷緶ȻͬұʲųðˣԳǸòʵ룬˴£㻹
ˣʲôҪͼ֮⽭ɽɡһǣ£˸׷顣

Ӫˣıʧ˧˿Ͻƣо͵Ϯǰȥ鿴ԯźȴⷢӪо
룬̲ܣɡףǰƣƳɷȸ䣬Ӫñǰ׼̡
֣Сûı°ɣѵ־и˲ɡ

߽ʣͼоϣƿڴȸ˶ܴأҿ¾ͨҽΪʩȽⶾС
ŤŮһ㣬ѿҩֻԼױֹˡرԸ񣬱
ݣǵȥҩʱ˺֡ҩ˿ʮЧȴҲʹ˿ʱʱһʹ
ȻҲҪÿÿʺһԼҵʮ˴ƫƫǹ¶ʧ˫ףԼʲôֻ֪Գ
ȡģЦػش𣺡үˣ˿Ǻõúܿ죬ɶȥζصӵĹ͡
˵˵㣬ү߳жӦòŮһ۰ɣһ仰ͽ˶Է

Ҹ˾䡰ԼѵķءͿԳŽˣæ״ȴСԼŻڲ˼ҵء
Цˣ佱жȻôصļˣֻɵˣѵү㻹˾˲
𣡡

ڨڨЩ˼ˡԳ˵թƭǳ翪ţ֪үܷ˶Ϊ
ҰԮ

Уұǰ仰ĵк죬ҲһڴӦˡȻ˿ڷЩûڣεЦһЦ˵ֻ
˲ǰ»뽫һ¡ǺǣԳװûԴ˸ػ˼䳡滰ͷˡ
ر˵Գѳԯţ̧̽˾һС־ɵԼһʱ䷽뿪ȴûзȥ
˿ſԵĲݴЦͬ͵ȵè

ָԳɽ˵̽ͽȴǿֶ顣뿪Ӫ¿һԼȵ
ӡͨ¥İΧС̽ãͷжҲûз˿˴ʶЩԾˣ
Ǵ롣ѱһҲûУ˲֪ʱѴܵѡ̥ǰҳ㰸ϵŸдԳһ
˲⣬ֻôʸ衣

Գ򿪺ֻһ۾ɫ䣬Ҳ˵ԼһԵδһ
ѵżǽȥԳսΪоһԳϲνɱ¾û
ɱڹ

գװͨս֮󣬳ϳ£졣ǵȷ沿׾ÿ϶ף
죬ֱšͷʱǧǧѣʸʯͶ³ȥԾԼᳵǣţƤסʸʯˡ
˼ÿһڴȥɱڡֻϧĻ̫٣˵ͷ˲ͷԱȽ
ײǽʮ־ˡַײ֮£ǽʱײƶദΣ֮ʱؾ뵽ƣ̧˼ǰĳ
ʯӳȥʯʮ־޴أѹѹˣҲѹ˲ԾԳ״书ǿ
£ʩչṦǿеϳͷɱؾ䲻Ͷʯ

ڳ¥Ͽ÷ʱŭɶȡ׼ԷһԳ⧲м򣬰һˤȥκ
ʱ׶Ծεѣ׷װ³ͷҾѰ˧룬׽ס׷ʣµѾ
Ϊǣǹ׷

նյĳڸ֨֨رƿһߣᵶվһˣȫ׵Գ衣һŵõѣ
¹رճʱ䣬Ӳ˨󣬴Ծ룬һӿ롣Լϵˣ
¥Ծȴס·ӡԱ糱ˮһڣĹپȥ׷ְܣĳǶȥ
ΪϵļǾʹʧء

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˱ӳǺǱˡԳ貢δΪá˼سڣҲ費ϲǿ
ɱͿطˡʱҪؾѱ粻ţһ·ټвҪԾδȷ
û죬ֳʥּղͽסǡԻߧִ̼ҲΪȫڣͶһޣ
ԳȰ棬ƺԲ˫۶

˵úúõģպԸͽΪԾӦϲΪӪԳ費֪ôǿðթ
ҲûнܶԷԮ֡±ЩˣڰĥǷϵдЩʲôŽȻı⡣

Գ׳Ÿ˿ֽдʮף˵ԷȲΪΣԸϵ¿ɱ
ơо˰Ҳûֿ֮󲻽򳤸衣Գ̾Ĳŵݣ
ֽմȾ㡣

¸ϽڱǶʹᣬȻмζתд֮˵ʱ㣬մζƹгõ
㣬ȴֵƮ࣬ûôŨɻ̧ͷԳ衣̾ܡ˵ٻ
ƣǳйĸ⣬˿ɵá

Ԫ衣´ʧɫ𣿡

ԳҡͷȻܸ˻һҲ߳ġ

Ԫͣ

ǣԳˮ˵뾩ʧ٣һֱ˰ٰ׷Ѱȴʼû䡣δƻ
ܣ;ӦһҵĶĿ˵ԭԣʧٺ󲻾ͻȻšߣؽ
ڣֻ¾Ļӱˣ

ҪʲôʵͬҲԳӣԪͲȨƻλͼ
߱췴ֻͲòΪսˡǲԳ֮£˲С뵱ִ⽫֮λԪ誣һ
סԪϽɽľ塣ֻϧܵδģûԪͬ۹ã󷴵øеľ
κһʵиԪͳԡǸؽľԪͣԮֱ⣬
ԣԳԸðǿǣҲϵ졣üë΢ʹһۣԼͬ뵽Ԫ
Ԫ͵ˣԪҲ볤ΪУԿ

ʱ⴫ĽԳһУɫӥֱϣȵͷ䡣ǰط
ԶȻ䵱ʹġͲбһšطոռλԽвȹ̡費Ⱦ
սҷûҪʦֻɾʿɧű߾κߴԮɡһ߽꣬ط
סԼκѰֽ˵һʮĸҹ̣ռԳ迴
ҡͷЩأת뵽⺢ӴԼһƬģڻ΢΢¶Ц⡣С壬Ҫˣ

˸߲ҵ˵Ҫȥط壬ȻһԴһۼ⣬ϳңɾɵʵ
ʲô

µɫЩȻ˵˾䡰ҩͼæܳȥˡͥʩչṦѸɵļƣ˿Ȭ
ﻹҪҩοԭˮֺ˼˿ЦŨˣסҪ׷ȥϸʵС
˵ߣȥǽ޺ûС

Ǹ߱ںļôʧأʱκſİµķԴơڳ͢Ϊսչӱ֮ʱ
ʮ֮ڣȡݡݡ˾ͬסϱʺж붫ϸ裬޷ͨǣܵ
ڶؼʮ·פݡݡݣԼγɺΧ֮ơ

ҹѡԳȴҪͷʾʮ򣬼һҪҽ׾һ룬ܴ·ɽ
ƹݣɧжΧءԾһٷ֣ؾѲˣԼУָӵȡ

κʮҦʤΪ˧ҦʤǺɽĸ֣˿ãƸΪ󽫾꺣ɽŹ
ЭسǣʶԳıԣʮĽͬʱҲʮη塣ʮĥĥ䣬ʼղ
ҹڱƽǣֱּܵˣǿжӳս

Գҵңڱչմߺ͵͵ز񣬲ŰԳ鹥ǵһ˵
ֻʵ۾һ̾мˣڴ˴ȴݣŹҪթʵΪ̽ķӦһԯ
ضĹǱ̽ѲʿǾֵܷġ㼱ǲУҶĸĻԭ
ЩţԷҪȡ֪ԼȻϵ޿֮£ֻôͷɥӪȥȡ

£ǧ粨˰ֿɫӭչʿִų۳һšҦֵĻɫ˧
ţһӶӵ֡ìּ֡֡ǰԣʮȫ׵ӵκ˧ҦʤҦʤ
̲УȴСȫΪʮһӪɱڵزսϡչ죬۹Ӧ˺˻
ȥ˰졣پڶ࣬Ʋͷʱ΢΢ЩɧԳ迴Цˣͷ˵š

˷δţƲһһ׳ǹԳȻڳǰʮκ˭˲֪
һ㵲ǰ˵ӣһҲǰ֮µҦʤ̾Ϣ̿ôѽʵҲ
ֲԸԾݣֻǻòӡﻹԥӦԣԳѹǹŹϹչѱԲ֧
ƼУ޷ֻѰؼһȣƿմ֮⣬ˡ¸һ
쵹£˳ѹ֡ƣѵοˡ쵹飬˰ܾ֮սʿ룬־
߰ھдȻͶɶˡξǲڶǰ󱼳ۣǿѹסš

ճǰ¹һС꣬ԶɽǣһƬɵİףҰƵһĿһƬɱԳٴ
ǹǹбָʣҰؼ䣬ǹϵһѪȾӧۡ˵۳ɳʬԳ֮׳ɫ˵
ڻңǿ˧λҦʤȴ˺顣֪ʿ죬սҲʤ㣬οԷֻһˣȴѱû͵Ϯ
ĺ󷽣˱ͷӪŽǣʮδһһͺˣֱʮӪ

ԳһҦʤݱǡ˵ʮµĶʱǰկ֮
κΪԸԳرɽһر飬һ·˳ѪеؾⷨͷһȵĴ
Ϊ֮Ľϴ˴أ󻧷ûٸۣĲȡ̶һڣ˶ʮ౶е˼
Ϊ̣ССļҼҶ˶ЩطӶʳĵزǲײֻøճͷ
Ͷʯףǿֱ䵽ڡһ죬Ͷͷжٸ룬ռ룬Դƣ಻죬
׳ǡڶ廪µһؾвԼҾɲƼɽƵϰ߲ۼ㶼
Ԫ˧Ϊʱµĺպս뵽ܵĿ̱ѶͶҲ

һգʼʩ˳˳ؽ˽ݣŮټеӭӢٹ顣ΪÿһضԼ
ʿɧţðӵݳмɫָϽоʿ֣𻧷ַһЩҡ
ܻмˡ𡱵Ҷæ˴գŰоʰúãȻⴵ
ͻתȴʮش͸Ժ¥ֱ͵УǸϽŲ鿴

һ˱վ£͸̵ͩҶѩİϡӰ㣬·ʮ죬˥
ʹմȾ˳תѴŹ¾ıӰϳˣ£

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̫ܵϣĳڣлЩΪʾҵͷ佫ǰȴҪЩ¼綼Ǳ˼
ʤʱֱǰһܴ죬˭ǿʿϷɫսʱźɱ죬ȴǰˣ
ҲޱͷϵԾǱɽҰĺɱһ÷׼ȴʼղоӳ¡˼ΣԾҲ
ˣôɱֻǿϷʱƶһȺ𾢣ҲոȤԶԺɱѽ
Ʃǵɤˣǻɤģܲóϳ¼ȲʡҦʤΪܵһЪ죬ٴһ
˺ʮ˴ͣͣˣʮԼΧϷһ㣬ֻΪ˷ܳ͢Ĵȴûȡ˷ݡ
ݣ𽥱ƽж

ǣԾңڽȴ˼鷳һգԪ󣬱ݳһ̰ǰ
Ӹһɣס϶ȥĴ󽭣ʹ䷺ĳ֡һָϣͷʱðƶ亹ʵҪը
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𣬵طԶȫפڵݵشݳǽʯܵˮһٰӣؽƬײ档ʮ
ѣʽƽ

޼ƿʩֻˡϰʮľͰͷض˻ҩʯɽֳֻѿšЩ˸
ɫɥʾͬھ֮ģʣеʿӱͲ̣ЩҩͰֻҪըһֻʱ
˼˰죬벻һԻΣķӣú¡ֻԳȡ˸
ƵҪһʧڴˣλȥмӵĳ轻ֻӲͷƤԪ˵ӣ
Ҫ꣬εҲΪ˼ʴȣҪһУ˶¡

ʴȣ𢶼ûˣʴʲôôԪ¶һ˿Ц

£ּһ٣˵أǸ߾Ļʵ۲Ҵκڵ˾ʧ
ĵزֺαΥԼģԭսһֱ֪Ʒ񣡡

ᵽԳԪдʹ·ʲôնˣһĵƳԨУһֱҲ˾ͷһĮ
˼ٷȴ˿ԣīһٺڵס³ֻ˵ɵʹҲһ

ԴǣԪ謲Ϊһսۣͨڵأὣأص޹Ҫ
ðʼȡҵԴȥҲһԴﵽ˱Чһֵģºοˣ

Ԫ֪ƣضϧһдΪ˵ĽȽʮؾ
ֻӦΪԪһ¼ɡ

ãҴӦˣҲʵǺ¾һӦʱûˣϽ²Ҫҵ볤
ΪУ£ҪҲ㣡

΢΢һЦġȻ˵һ£ֻ֮нΪҰ쵽

ڽϵľԳ貢֪Ϊ׷̽һæ㲻մءһ鲻Ҫ鵽Ķʵ
ڽ˾ġ̹ģϣԾжвĽͽº󻼼ҲţԳ׷ϴ


һգط΢ݣʮĽ˼ǡѶϽӳ¥˵ԳԽط
סҡϻһ˵ѪˣҧгݵΪ˵ˣȴأҪ
ˡ

һΪϹƮʱֲˣϧԺİ黻һҺ죬
׿˾ӻأټȴֽ˫գڴϡС⣬˭˳

ڳﴦ˴򶷣ʬʣµ߸׷ɱһ˵üأѪˡʵط׸ԣ
ԳֻҪһ۵ѽ͸˵Ѫ£óʱжΣವ죬Ѿɺ˵Ѫ飬ССصţ
˲ҲʵԳֻȻͱӲȥһ飬Ȼ䴭ƵʹࡣԸŪȨûûε
ԼٻǸʻ֪ʲôС⣬һڼǹˣѵ͸Ĳ׵ڼ
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ڳСɽϵ档תתѲµԷ⣬ºЦͷ

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͢ڸĲва֮ڣδظͷƳʤ⻼ͨ쳹֮Ҳһ£Ҫ
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ˣǣɳĮһͻʹʧʿݵ鷳ɳȫȾϴߣ˽һ롣
رͳ˧²ףݸ˻Գ衣

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Ҷ˶׷֣ʲΪУɱѪɺӣҹϡ費ţ¹ƽһս

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ӿʵҪѷλ𣿡

ңԳ蹪ش˵ֻ¸ʮ̫ƽٳ٣ƽˣοʮ󣬱ԭ
ˣҲս

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ԳṦȴʤƮմߡ

˽һ羪Գͬõӭϡ˽һ輯
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Ѹ磬ۼɱ磬ͬΪڿж񶷲ֹ

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ܻʶϽҲ췴ˣԳ蹲ˡ׮جһһģֱܵʹʣһ̱
ϡʱһ࣬׷״󺰣̫ҽ촫̫ҽ

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˵Թŵ£׼ͬŻϰɡ

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һоͰ׸ɡĻʵۣٿֵ̿Ĺ¶ĸʱɤӷӲһ仰ز
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ԽУʱ

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£밶۰ɣǣөС˵߰ɣǻдδأ

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һӽƻթ

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һƺֹĴΪΪʱȴļį֮⡣ԶУϧѣ𣬴գһ
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Գ̲ס¶΢Цң˿ޣȥ

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սƺ⡣Գ󣬱׼̸ҲʾУҪأ֪ǷŲ
£ЦЦȥˡ

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ֱԳ迴ûëſ˵СүȻ̥ˣߡ

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үΪѣʵԽ¡ʱѣҵù󸮱ӻգСүͷǳ

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ģǴҪλͳˡ

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ϯأЧܹǱҰȤŨξ죬벻֪ͤ⣬ʵһ˱ȵ˴綯
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ҩġ˿߱ѵڷǳʱ벿±ʹĻ䣬֮
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ˣԪӣһڱͷµӡ

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ҢûϵƲ֧ԪȻ˵һɭȻĻñɫʵǺݵ˼ҲŨҵ˼
£ٿԷʱˮ嵭˶ӹ͸ɷ̣мֶǵıζˡòڸգ۲ӣ
ˡ鰮ģòϧţڲͬصֻ±Ǵ伫ΪƵľɣԳΪ
ζ࿴˫˺ƣֻһݾЩˡһԵ

Ԫ¶˼ɫ֪ʱѳɣ㵭ؽ˵Ҳһ֮ˣȻҪɽҪ裬η
ֹͼ

Ң׽ŵСߺԭһԪ⣬򳤸¶Ŀ˿̷˵Ķµͷ
˹ȥԪӹСΪµϢİС֣Ψܶк塣ְ֮߶
ߡ̧ͷʱݶ֮ɫ״һסҢЦ£պ󣬰óԸ

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ΪмǼϲǣĪˣԪƽڰϵᣬء뾩ǰȥλ
ԺݼΪʿ֮׵ĺصƽһʮ鷨鶯ڷ֮ڣԢڶغ֮У
һдʱԪѽ֮¾棬ипƽ˼ֳȻϼ֮Ԫվ
̫εˣγأһֱȴʩСɣ

긴أˮڻʹԺеģѰ˼ſڵҲûʲôʥ岻ԥǽ֮ڣǻһ
ֻЩӰӰ´µӰڻζһ㡣סͷĴ멣һͨĽƣйع
һԻľǰͣ£Զʵ޵ٲȻڲ࣬ׯ͸˥

д˿˿⡣Ԫ謻Ĭ£Զÿһϸ΢ڰžУл΢
Ųһһ߽һӻȻ°ݵ£С

Ԫ謵˸İСдУԼʱյס๬ϲټڵֻȼ
֧Ļʹǻ谵ѱǲˣһźڲࡣԪʾͷԼ
죬ͷ·ñ΢΢

Ԫʩ񣬡

ѹסŵǻӣڵԼ˲ض˵

Ԫ˴˿Ž˵Ҫϳʿŷң֪Ҳмǻµ
ٵͼԼҴΧʦֻܵڵϦԵһʱᵹҲˣΨԼ֪Ԫȴ֮Σ
ĲԼ˵׻κĳӣܵȻ㲻ǣûԳ߱ĵԳǹ˼ʷʷ
ĽĪһ֡ϵʵۼݱ볯֮͢ˣСʵ۵ǻԼЮٹٵȨһ
ֳȹ̸ٱȨƵ׵ѷλҲֻЧǰ˹ʼưˡһ֮ϣ³֪ÿÿ˼
һŴĸĳʹ飬ǹ˲棬ȹհݵڵأ꣬һСŰɣ

Ԫ謼͸Ҳʡϻͣ˵Ԫ謽ҹΪ¶

Ԫ߯ң黳ŸӵģǽȻˡʵڲԸ޹ԪҲѣȻԳ費
֣Щֻˡ˵ʱˣŵΨ뾩ܻ֮ߡһصͨ⣬
ĸֵ֮и

Уҧס´شŮߣΪĸǿ׵Ķδѣ͡ʿǮơƥݡ
ӵأһȱ

ߣԪ謼˵Իᰲ;Ӧ;ŵƽ˺ˣֻܿԼˡԼҲ
ɱײ֮ȶֻ꣬ҪԺҲ͵һ̩˳

ӯӯٰݵлүԮ֣£ĸر

÷ñǡϳãڻ̲ס˵ˣүΪʵǰϧһƬģֻ
˻ޣ¶вµģүأպõĵطүֱԣ֮

Ԫζٴ죬룬øۻĵĴŮӣȻܲ͸ҵ˼ΪüҲһ̡뵽
¶һ޵ǳЦ¹ĮϣͬǧıѩһǳЦȴǴճ
ڻ˺˪Ԫٲͣ٣ѵ˵⣬Ω໰Һθɣһ׾ͺã

һգż룬վ˼¥ϣҪЧ¹֮ͳ¥ɡèèԽطֻĶ䣬Ӧ
̻£޵һԽ̫¥ĩ˼һ䣬ˬԶĿ濴羰š

Գ豾ΪְزִʾϺ󣬽ϾƱض䣬û뵽ĲսһͶ顣ϸذ
󲻼͢һǰԮȣΪ׷Ч¾£ӹٲ֡ݹǵѹסۿžһܾ˵ľ档ԱеѪ
֮ˣԾ壬֮ˣǸɴͶϣԸԳ󱣾

ٸĶȻշĵֶα죬¶һһ㶣ɵˣɵɵԳ΢΢
ҡͷѹ游ױ׻׻̵˵ɱ˾䡢ǹΣѧֻڻ񡢿ֹңҪʼռǵá޵С
ĸ֡һǳŷˡ

򣬽ϴ뽵ҹʺˣ͢ѣȫơԼ֮ܵ
ԹһսԳǧ˶ⳡڣ׼һתͷͼԪվ
⣬һ¶ˮҹɫѵȺʱ

Щ̾ýʵС£

ңԪʵҲ𣿡

Գ΢΢һûԪиΪȥȡ˼ӵȻһҪɱҰĲĶӣ
ѪԵκ˶Ĩɱ˵ʵԪŻԵСⲻȥͲȥˣδöཫЩ
Ӳǡ

ԪͷתҪ뿪ɫ԰ֽͥ͸һҡģ⼸ҩ岻ûȬ
˼֡Գüȥţʵô£Ѫ

޷ЪЪͺáԪһϽ˦ѡƽʩѪ䣬˺ÿͷѪơֻʮƳ
ҪƵءһʩ뱻֮˾ǲݵľ棬֮޿ɻ⡣ʣǲĳУ
򼴱置ƸҲʹѪ䡣ȻܽԳˡ

룬Ҳ޻˵ˮǧֻȡһư׺Ψϵһݲˡ̧ͷ˿⣬»
תҵҹˡԪ˵գҽЩѪθ㡣

ԪȻ˵ֻо֮겢ްְ֮ģֻЦ˶лˣ

Գ軹˵»ŻŵرеС岡ˣ

ط챾һѵ䣬ʱͻȻͷǰһ󷢺ڡµǣҧأµ֧ŵ
һ˶ڿ飬ֿʼ졣طΪ⼸۹ͷ˲ӣæϥ
գһʱ÷·ǻһţƤģһõأԼ͸飬ڱǴȴ
ƶһ޻סƴȫҲһڿ

ǡ˵ڴϲֹϽǰϡң߻ħ֮࣬ŵ÷ɱԳ
ȡʱʧɫ£ʩչṦɳ۶ȥȴûзԪ¶ǵĺ⡣

طеѪҺ˷һѪͻײһӿӿͷҪ忪ȥƵġȫͬ
ǧֻڿҧ֫ٺʹ̣ǰʹâ˸εͷΣҲԽԽѣ˼尾öҪըˡͻ
Ȼúܺ£ƴҪץסЩʲôʱһ˫ֽס̶ᡣطƴ۾ؿԳʧȥ˹
򶨴ݣһҳԾռ

轫ط屧ڻУһƴ룬ǣϢ̫£зѨίУ
϶УȻסһ̽гԾСطҲжҲˣѾǰ
סоʧ꣬ȴ¶ֻ˵СЩۻˣоҷ˳һ˳
еԪ⼸򲻿֪𣿡

˵꽫ϣѡطץס֣ѿؽе裡

ԳһЦţգ·Ҫġ˵ʱֽŲͣѰ˸⣬޳
˶ӣһǰԽطͨ죬Ծ¶̬ѣ˿Ǻãк
һͬ뿪

ţæ費죬úԳεطΣ޿أ
ǰᣬһĶʱ͸ˡٴοʱɤѰɬɬ£㴫Ÿ˵Ҳ뿪
ǱߵŰɣصҡ

ứһءʵ׳ѵѵûӽˣô

С壬С˵ȥˡ⻰̫̣СδڣǸӣ첻Գһ·ڼ
ЩǵûƷζɹϲãԽԽеУպҹֻӰ¶жʱǰδ
еƣСԭ֪Уѱط˽ԣҲ벻ˡĬãһЦǰҪҪ
ң֮˲į˾ͺá

طЯֻȪ֮ģŵʱֿޣֱֻ۾޵ˮһ㡣Գ¶ϧ֮ɫʳָḧ
ü˵һ˫ۣôͲٸأװΪôᣬʲôأ
ǧúҸ㣬ĪҪˣ

ۡڵأ޵ͬƺӷġԭʲô֪ԼһӲй¶ǰС˼ֻǰ
ȻƣǾǴҪһӺֵܺˣ˵˸ףѵͬԭɣµĶ
Ҫˣ޺裬裡أ

޳طòװԪĲˣүȴҪɢˡʮ̲Į
ԭݣǻδЯͬΣҪѽ

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һҹ֮Գطأٲ뿪벽Խط岢ޱ²µԼض
ˣֻиڳ飬밮˲࣬Ҫ㹻û䣬κŵһͷȥ

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ֱ˿ȻꡣԳ裬֮ǰһֱΪܷʲô£Сܻһߣշط岻
ףĶʱݽ渡ƼûˡȨıΪ罫Ѫ֮ͭףԭһ
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һΰˣʲôֵȥġܣԸλȨơٻطİΣȣЩֱ΢
˳ֵһӡ

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ÿֻпԳΪպ󣬳ȾѪѴҶŵòᣬҩԷ
ǿϢ

Ϲطԣ֪ô졣ԳǶã׼˾ͷ֪߶
˿Ҳ򲻿϶԰ֲܡĳ˵ǿƣ˵ýʹ

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ͺˡ

ۡôôù·һǳ£һҪй£Ϊʲôͷһ
Ҳûûε尾ζ

ģطȻֻ䱳ʾο³ĳźһ߽طסҢü˳ĿԹ
˵׼һľ餣˲һͬĹף¿֪ˣ

طǿɬʹ첻꣬纣ȻοҪΪѳ顣ҢͳӲ۽Ǻ˵
Ȼأǿȥݽߣֻ»Ҫڱǰͷˡ

طһãȻͷ˻٣ԳǿҲһֻͬ˰ͽκΡҢҪ˵Ļ˵Ҳ
Ͳٶ죬װˡúط˫ȭ˾ġһԣ̾иȫµ
񡣡ȥżҪع̾ߣ׼κˣ

Գʱѽڶʱ֡ƲԽԽ񣬾ǦҪѹ˵ͷй֮
ǰããɵһƬۿžһѩط壬ϽϺʵһЩƤ㼱ԺȥδԺ
³ɤӴģð·ͷͶȥ𣡡

ʱסˡżһͷͬʱԳɫżȻָ򶨣һ˵
ǰ¿ŸСүҳйҩΰٲЩ˱ԭСүɲΪ¹ģ
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ԳͷЦܺãСҲѧƭˣҩҽΣֻӥȥȡȿֱݣαŲð
ϻԽڶأį⼸仰ȴ˵Ƶᣬѵν鵽תľ硣

̲סֿʼط۳裬ִҪ뿪һˡ뵽ֵһ˺ٲܼ
¡żԱҴɿòǱҪ뷨ӱ⣬Ȼһˣջ
ط̵Խ֮һѪ죬ֻĸֱߵأϮ

ѩڻˡϸѩ˷Ʈͷףһһӣϣ͸ǡһо
ȡγںڼͷϷžֻڣ̽ڵĶұǣ޷ֺšԳǼ佩Ӳˣ
ֹסĲѹط岡ι죬뿪ȴ˽ٳ֣Լ߱ضǱ̵ϸ´û
ηʧ̬Ͻס˫ú󣬳ػ꣬ɤӶȥԪ⻹ڲڣЩˣ

ȻϣԺѿһˣһ⣬ֽϴšܡƮصζԪ˳Ԫ
̫ӶϲһЩߡתߣԳΪ̽Ԫֻͣһ
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ԼһƣʮѪɣȥ߶ԶԿʹȴһƻˣң
С壬֪ҰȴһԸΪԪĻڸˡ

Գһ˦ӣã׼ֻԼڼˣȥ˻ЦЦ˵ҪĲ
⽭ɽҵСһʱҶģ㲻صġ

⻹˲Ҫģº޵ǻѪǰնط˵ĻٷֿһҲ
˰ɣҲʡĥҵС

Գ䵭ΪȥΣֻþиȥԮ໨񱼳ǣ۹һƬ
أа֣ʼɽʵǡɽչɵķ˶бƽټϷѩӣҰ
ʲô͹ͰױˡһƬ޾ɽţţһѹͷܺɸ纣Σ֦趯
ǧħӰڻΰڣצץ龰ҪʲôƵġ

Գϵɽ໨ԣѩɽ·Ҳˡ⿪İԵĲӣ˵˾䣬
ȥɣ

ͨԣ֪о֮⣬ס䲻ţ͵ͰԳ̾ǸģôҲ
ѧ˼Ҹ̬֮˵˺ӣʩչɽ໨ڷѩΪȻ˻

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ѹѹӰӣɽַͷűѩسȻһǰŴֳֻѳǹʿŰΧ
ͣסŲϳͷ֮ԪеĴһΪ񳤸裬Ӹ»˵ɣ

ԳУ˿мɽʱŰСյĿѩֹЪؼ䣬һ˽ҫ
𣬶վڸߴĿңԶŲ˻ͷһЦ裬ˣ

ӰȻǷɣѩа÷Գȴ֪һڶˮ̶гԪ
¾һСӡ׹ȥ˵ǵ±ŷϷˣʵ¡ϡ˶áҴ
ԼȫҲԸپ쳾ˣ⽭ɽȡ˱ǡ

ԪֽӹӡָȴмĴ̳һΪȻֿɵõĽɽ裬
ˣŶˣɫɣȴٲ¶顣ӶʱȻЦ
Խʵ˾棬ȥɣ

˳Ԫָɼһɽȣһ˷ڵϣ֪ԳҲʩչṦȥԪվɽ
ѸΣ¶ЦѸˣѻͷץסһЩԼץסĶɣ

ط岢δˣֻ˻Ҫ׹޾Ԩ֪ڵϦ޿ɽȣǣȻһѩ
ζѣͬʱӿĻϤޱȵůַط壬ڻУϱҲ֪ǾǾ壬
ֻ޿ƵĲĵ׿ʼһӵȫָⶼ΢΢ٴˣͷҲ㣬˿
ȴֻһ涼ʱ׷أҲҪġ

ط۾һЦȭԼϣ΢֣⿪ָһö
˫񻷣ССβӣ໥׷Ϸ˵̵ʵȴȻɣ̬䣬һƬϲԳ΢
΢񻷱ϾʱģֵʲôҹϮԪʹӪһҹطΪԪ϶͵͵
ʾĲ䡣ºԼˣȴΪԽ֮طһֱ֣µؽϣʱסĿ


Ԫ֣࣬ɽΧĹͬʱ飬Χ͸ˮòһȦһ
ǿӲӸ£ֱָѩкޱӻˡ֮£ɣҲ޷ѡԳȴƸֻһһΪط
Ԫֳ΢΢סֽ֣⿪ڵϣס֮ˡʱԪɽƮ
裬֪˿ѱɣ

Ȼ֪ɽɱôأ᲻֪һʼ֪ˡԳ̧ͷֻ°ͲסطգС
һЦ

Ԫҧ´ֱԼ۾ⲻأΪ֮ľǸΪӪŲߵԳ裿һʱ߻
ǶƲڣҲƮƮȥԶˡú˵һұ㷢һһĴ㣬ҹ

һأԳýˣͷط촽طϲֱǰҪԳ
ֳȫԼӰһ˿ʣ׶ԷǾҪһκźȰ
ĻһҲ޷ڣֻſ죬Ӧױȵᡣ

ԪҲûеȵԳĴ𸴣ɳɤ˵òãԺٲΥһǰˣ¶Ļ
ҡһĵġ

Գҡͷ΢ȴᶨԪڼ̵˲ڣһĳ鴤Ҳ޷ǿˣ޺
ΪҪҲʵĴң飬ҡֺαءα˰

ʱҲһΪ㲻̾ϢԵ־ˣְɣ

֣ԪЦ˫˫ɣһҶһں쳾շת尾Գ裬ҵò㣬
ҲȾָóѣ˵֣󣬺ѹѹļͷʱҪǵص

״ս˫ط壬Ц㿴Сð֪ԸֿҪ
ҽһ𣬴Ӵϵ£һֵܷÿˡ

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⡱ǧһͬʱӿͷǻˡĸݲڽ⣬ʲ׼ȥݼԳ
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ȴɵİΣº·һ£µ˱ĴӴʧҲˣԿ

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棬㣬ɽҿԲҪӡ㣬ֻ㲻ҪҶȥ

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ΧʱһϹRһԪ¡

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彥ʧ¶ȣȻӣñ׷ŵʮҲһ޿ʧǵοһ
˼λ鳾

ۣɽһѪҡҡ׹Īգ˼޴˼˿Ǹʯ㲻н
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Һ˿ڲҩֹѪϸΪԪѲ֪ʹסԳ輫Ϊ˵һЦ˵ҽϵ
ƣˣҲúûŰɣˣһ𣬻ȥ

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ǿŽӡһ£ЦҪｭɽԻȥȥȥ裬ڣ˵һ
ͬһת뿪

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ϲϸɫ糣Ҳƽ˳ˣȫһ㡣ѩһжͬþ
˫ֽգҲϷֿ

Ԫǿһɽ·ѪֹطѪ䣬Ƴ淴ɣǱ֮״ޣ££
ڴ˰

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ס϶˵ǻͰ֡͸ֻɸϲܸˣУҪ֪ҵ£
ϣҡţһҪҡȥȥ

ͷ֮ϣͻƲ˼䣬һƬԪſ˫ۣĿ΢ЦĸСˣвڵϣ
ѩУЩѪСӿſɫ解ľĶǡ

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춯¿׷飬ŵ֪ڵز䣬ʱҪ

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ÿռбҪһè׽ĺϷè书ǿǻ۳ȺȻȴ޿֣ӵ˾ӣӲ
˱ˣٳЩزҩ衣쵰Ͳ£ͷӼζҩģը
ˣƫ۲˼Գ˵ʵֻ챳ѩˮ£ҪӰɣӣ׷ˣ

Ңﲻסͷ׷ϷȥԶ̲ס䡣ȰǺε
ģŪЩֽùɱ㣬ֻǻش֣˾顣磬֪Ȥɣһ󣡡

Ȼ֪ܵ˵ȷʵ飬ֻ鲢ҪձżţҢʱ޵üӱˡؼģԼһ
ҲᡣԳ費Ǳɽһ飬˸ļϵһˣФ롣§סԼ˫磬ϸ
شһԶԭ

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УعͷϵĸڹӰƳ鴤Ťֱ紹ǰ״һ
飡Ԥף

ʵۻعⷵգ״δӻнѡһֱ޹ĵͿЩͷܹ˳֪
͢ͳֱ֪ͨҪļˡ˿̣޹ɫ˵һأس˵ͷ溬ݵ
յһֱĬʱ˵λˣگ

ܵɫľȻȫޱ顣ܹ˳籽ǰߵױϣмگ޲ԥλһӦ
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˳ϣگ飬ʸڵһŵλߵǼġһȦ飬ŹݵԪ

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㣡ܵ۲˵ҵֱԽɽʱú˵棡

Ԫ謵۾Ȼ׼ǿ̱ѶĸףĿȴ·ܴ͸빬ǽͶԶԺһЦ˵Ͷ
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