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1
ǸįҹĻš
÷Ŵ£¹ˮľ細ҹ⡣㱣Ŵ⣬֪ƺֱֱĿңԶ쾡ͷӦ23˰ɣѾ13ˣ13꣬ûм֪ǷǾʱģ
ʦΪβȥأǸƽģģЩ⣬Ҳмϧ
꣬ĸý뿪ҾͷҲ̤롮ɽׯ벽ϵ䣬һ֦ϣҿʦ·ңУ÷Ѿݳ˼ţ׹ʬﻹ˹ҵ÷һЦоκͱˣŨվֻһ̾
ѵʹδѰҹ𣿡ȻǸԼɼǸͲŮһذ׵ȹ˿١
÷Цһ£ĿŴ⣬ðûп·ˡ
ŮӰĵš
ʱҲŻ룬ʮصѵľԺ˲ɣʦҳɵΪһ˱ʦţ˲ʮصĹġ˵һʱ䣬Ͳ·һȥһ֮ڲκξٶͲ뿪Է벽û뵽ûңһ£ͰĪȢ˼ţΪʦڼˣԾҲ뿪˵ذ벽żɽвҩ͡𡯵ʧɽµ㣬Һס˴ԶҶԳ顣
ʦҲʮ˰ɣǵָѽŮһЦ˵
ǰʱúÿ졣÷΢΢һЦʱ㻹ֻǸ˾СѾͷ̰治Сĵ£ΪʦҩڵϣҲʦͽԵ
ǲС׹
ҶվǣţһĻԼƤ·ġˣСӣһνġԼһǸСνġԼͬĸҶоһƯɰģЩԡС
Сһš
Ҷо㣬ǶǸʲô
Ҷ棬ܹȥվɽµıϣʲôЩתͷʣãʲôѽô
ٿҶоЦ˵Цú̵ˮǣʱһеҶСﳤúÿɰȥһ¡
һҶǸССİ˾СҶתϸȥȴԼһ£ġ˵㣬ǿȥ
ȻССҶʧ¡һƬҶһ㶯ûзûоū͡
ȻǸСССҶоһĸţȥˣȥˣ
СҶļ䣬ҲҶļ䡣
СҶǱԼͬĸ¡ԼȴԼĸԸȥģĲˣùˡ
ֻǣСҶˣҶһͬͬյŮȴ갲ĸСҶϡİĳʮʱ䣬СҶ׹ʱİ˾Сóڵʮ˾Ĵ
ԼѰʱ䡣
ʲôأ˳񣿡÷һҶĵʡ
Ҷع΢΢һЦ˵ûʲôֻͻȻЩʦ˵
÷̾˿ϧСѾͷȻδӵ׹µĿ־ӳҲѹ֣һ˾СͻȻɸߴ׵ȻǿֻŵģҵǣС󣬾ȻֻǻԣƤ˶ûУȻϢ˸ʱȻѹˡ
˵˵ĺܣôߵĵطȻһҲûУֻǻ˸ʱʦ涼˵Ƿ֮ˣ˸֣ίˡ÷΢Ц˵ǰҶӰ˾СݵĴգ۵Ĺ
ҶЦЦǰҲֵĺܣôԴִܵŴһúõĻȻǴӰ˾³ʮʱ䣬룬ѾˡԷſִҶеί˱ܳ谮ҶǧС㣬òõļŽδִԼѾ˵ĵز
˵㸸ҪΪǽѡ÷ĵʡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǵģǽ˶ӦóͣȻҪϲЩķЩ񡣡
Ҹʲôķ÷٩ʡ
Ҷ΢Ц˵ȻһԷһһˡ
÷΢ЦſԼͽһƺ²ܷµŮӣȴºͣͺ񿴵ǰԼǸٵŮӣǸˣһģˣˣȴ˸ˡ˵³
ʦϣиõĹޡ÷˵ȴ̾˿ҶļòѡɫķԲǸ£ɣѡʵӣмְգ
ллʦҶͻȻЩһ£м˵˵ϣʦԸֻǣҲ֪ԷļòҪѰ˼ң£ҪѰʵһȴǸѳɵͷ
 
                  
2
Ҷƻͨ
ǵһ׸еһسձȨӵһġŮҪѡ֮˷ӵ
ҶҶҶоҶλǧ𡣴СׯȡС㡢СýǾһŮ
ͬҶүһ޶ͬ
죬ֵ֡һׯɽׯҲΪׯϣˡϣɽׯΨһׯͲʮ֮˲֪˲Ӣ֪ŮΪΨһո߳ΣаǰΪˣ˿Ծۡ
ҶصҶʱܿǰţƵ˺ƫšԼ˵·Լɽ÷ѧգԼѾͷСá
еֻһҶǧС㣬ŶҲ黭ԼŮϡ
ūӿˡСǸׯ֮ˣҶүƫС㰲ϲ֣ҶүСҶүԻãò
ߡһĴӱһͷ˵Ȥ£óЩޱȤĸŮӣ绨㽿ۣʵЩпõ廨ͷʵ˵ɣҸͲȢЩƴǵͺˡ˵дƼҵľȥ
ӣĪҪ
ڶߣѾ뿪ˡ
ҶҪЩԣͣӣ˽ӲվţҲЩִ١
˭ʲôһʣһͦεӰסйߣɽͻȻø
Ҷתǧٻأ˵ɵòҪֻƾ˵֣Ǹ֮ͨˣòҪ¡
ҶˡҶָָҶĺƫţЩŵĽͣոߵԼǰλڽϾŮܲף˿˵ЩνлԼæ㵽ɽ棬ûʲôԭȶλ뿪ٻظ룬ǱˡʲôأôҶĺԺǽ⣿
ϣĴǰŮӣ£գӦҶū澡˵ҶЩףһū澽оݣȻԻţ֮˼ҵūǺǧٱ
ߣһĺԺǽ⣬ʲ߶𣿡ϣĳҲ̫߿Ҷ˰ɡ
Ҷ֪Ϊʲô˵мЩĪϤĳɷݣԣ٩мĮξԹģ
̧ͷơϣͻȻ˵
ҶĲ鲻Ը̧ͷǰˡˣĴ˴ò̬һˣһְֺ޵ˣԸһˡ
ҸҶӶѽǳֻۣϣͷ˵Ů˿ˣٸŮѾľ
ǡ㳤ú˧Һ㣡ҶǺ͸Ϊǵ̬ȣѿڶ
ϣһüȤȻŮ˸ҵ˵ƽһΡ΢ֻۣΣյԱǰһѪȵϢڿ
Ҷ֪Σգı졣ʵĲǰˣƵһˡ
ʮʱ䣬ϤУлΪִʮ߰䡣ǸǲĵģҰģͲÿǵġ
Ҷ˵Щϣ˵ŮˣΪԼܴŮˡ
ڰĹ£ҶݣԼ͵ģӦǸѱŮӣڰɫȻǾū澵治ǿ˵ƽ
Ҷǲ˵ʲôǴҽֻԽԽ⡣
ϣζĿǰŮӣǴֳ֪ĬͻȻ£ѵûŮرᣬһ˺ȾǺȣ˺ȾҲǺȣŮҲɫɲͣġ
ѾͷȥȱΣ
Ҷһƴǰϣ˿ɶ浱Լ˫ɣתһ룬Ȼ΢ЦţˬĴӦð˴ƼҵľǾģϲƣǶѡ
ϣһ㶣ѾͷֵĽһŮӣʱطˣİˣȻܹ̹Ȼԣ͸ˡ
ãˬ죬ôھߡϣɻĵףϴЦȴӣЦҹΣ
Ҷŭĺܣȴ΢Ц˵˵գ˵˭˭ӦҶ׵İɣܹҪȢһģˣҾͼˣΣ
ϣû㶹ȥҶ˵㵱ǸŮ˾ͻȢ𣿼ȻҪȢҲҪȢõģСɫҶһСūţҺȾҲһʱˣ˵䣡
ҶһۣǸҲվǰ˵ÿɱĻһƽӹˣֻǾСϷ㻹浱棬̫Ц𣿣仰ģĸ˼ʱһϷˣ룬˻ǱǸˣʡҪ취鷳
߻ǲߣϣͷʡ
ߣҶ侲˵Ŀе裬浱Ҷǳص˲αף浱Լ˫Ҷ˷޲ɣ
ϣ˵Ҳˡ
Ҷǧٱġ쵰ȴޱ飬ƽƽ˵Ҿɵϣ˺ɵģƼҵľǺõģ㣬ϧЩ
ϣһ㶣ʶķʣɵϣ
Ҷû
 
                  
3
ƼҡľƼҡ
ѡ˸Ŀλ£Ҷ˼ƲˣҪһþƣϣ˵γƺ
ϣϣ˵Ҷ
ҪҶʹһƣҲһģô˵ùĪܵ˹ŴȻĪ˺Ǹһ̬ƵļһҧӲŬƽ˵ãϣ糿ֲ
ֺòã޹ءӦóƺֹӰɣѵҶ˶˺޳𣿡ϣ˵ŮһǼֲǣɨҺȾƵˡ
ģ˶ˣҲżϣϣҶվߣҧҧסˣ޺޵˵
ããһ׷Ů˶ˣϣҲȢСѾͷƬӣϣҲͬһ˵
ҶֱҪˡִϣֿɶ񣡹Ŵϣɶ֣Ҫǰ϶ʲôû֣֮˿϶ǻˣȻǺˡ˱ƣһں£¾ƱٵһȻһں£׼Ҫ
þº͵˵ءֻǾƣĪҪȵż
ҶͷѰȥһλĹӣ½üĿӦλټҵĹӸ硣
ҶЦЦʵƣֻǸ÷ѧʱʦĵʱ򳣳һƣźһСʱһͿԺһЩǲҲһлл
ȰҪѾͷܷ赽̶ֳȡϣ˵ﵽЩ֣ǰѾͷƽһȻ˻ע⵽ϸƣǰŮӣͲд֮ɫ֬üĿ㣬õǲ
αΪģļҵū澣Ͳŵö֪Ǻ½ĹһһλӣЦŴȤ
ϣһЦȻ˵˵Ǹū澣ҲǸ˼ҵū澣СѾͷͷɲСҶū澡
Ҷū澣˵һ㶣ϸҶƼҵ磬£üǸʮ˾С˿٣üһ˫۰䣬̶ͬסһصûʲôװΡ
ӦǸū澣ǧ˼򵥵ģʣȴ߹ţ񣬲Ǹū澸еġ
û뵽Ҷū澶˳ɫѹ˶ܵҶסҶλС㣬һλЩ˵˺ʡ
ܺáҶ˵
иЩİɣ˵ӲϰݵʣָԼͬ˵λǵδ˵Ĵӡ˵ιӺҵλСҲŵԣһ£ҲúιӲοο
ֻȤЩҶ˵˵ܺáȢλλǺõģ˿Ȣġ
˵һ죬૵˵ѾͷǸˣҾȻ˵ðɣҺ棬ΪƼҶҵĶӵҲΪɣ
ΪѡѡһˣȻҪϸЩֻǣУǼõģ˵ĸЩʵǱǸˡҶȻ˵
ĸ˵ˣƼǸ׺ղĲҵ֮һԳռҶӣӦĴ໳ģмƣӦò
ڸղǸʼ˵ˣ˵ǵδ˵ĴӣȻǽ¿״Ԫμ𡣿ҶҺռϵãڳҲѵҲҶλС𣿿ң˵ǧ𣬳ҲֻҶһңμҺα֣ͺμ˽á
˼ҹҶū澣θԼҵӣĪΪˡμ΢ЦſҶº͵ʣγƺأ
ҶȴЦЦ˵̸ЩȤʲôȾơ˵꣬Լֵһһں£΢ԺΣЩ룬ŨŨƺôҲ
ˣִϣҲǺѵˣȴЩ˺˺˵Ρ
һңô˺ȾƷϣüͷ˵ˣɱָһȥûйء
Ҷݺݵĵһۣ˵ҪôȾƣҪô죬һȤˣû˼
ϣһϣû˵Ҷŭ˵ǺȾ㻹浱ԼǾɲɣһȣ
μ˴˿һۣû˵ŮӸһ൱ֵĸоȻ£ȻԵ˪˲ܲǷ֮룬ȻһʱھƼƣȴ˷飬ʵ֡
ȵöˣҶͷЩΡϣӰҲģ˿ҲôˡϾһˣȻͬͬգҲƣϾһִһŴһɺϰ
ϣʼЩˣδСѾͷĺˣôͻȥһ˷ЩġλһֱùеĿڿϣڡȻǳ£ڱ۹Ů˵飬ȴǵһΡ
 
                  
4
ˣʱ䲻ˣϿȥɡϣͷȰ衣
ҶǺǸˣһƵ˵ʱĵ׾ȻģƺһҲǺõġ
ϣˣǵһμСѾͷƬӣ˵ĲһקסӲ¥
ʲôѽ̴˵
ʲôȥѽϣͷĻش𣬡ûȶҿɲ뵣Ҷū澵
Ҳѽ񲻸˵˵ΪһҶū澣ȻԼҲ֡ſСﱻһ˺ϧץţﵽԼۣСȫӢ۾֮ġ
ϣ޿κεЦЦʣȥҪأѵҪҸ̧ͻȥ䱦һͻȥʱ䲻ǾֵòѽǿЦ
һ£˿μ벻˵
λ˵òʱ䣬һҶū澻棬վǺ£ĵͻȥͺáμº͵˵˿ϣ΢Ц˵ֻǣλӣɷþ΢һЩλףˣҲ޹
ϣһŤͷǣҶ¥
¥һҶ࣬ϣ֣΢ЩĵŬվӣ˵ԼߣҶԶԼȥͳˡ
ϣüͷ˵㵱ѽ㣬Ը
˵꣬ͷҲأǰȥ
ִʱҲǸϣİһڷУ뿪᲻£ֻԹ鷳鷳𣿿ʼʱֲԼģǵԼôȫԼĴҲˡ
ѾʮȻˡ
ߣЩȣҹĽϰĺܣżѲҹĸ򾭹Ŀһۡ
˸ԼŲ̫Ǹ书ˣҶͻȻһͣתͷȥ

ͻȻͷȻЩ̫˼ЩεĽͣʱ̫ˣңЩġ·ϳ⡣㲻ú£Ҿûб˼
ллҶ˵Լ·ں氲ĸš
һ˯ͣȻͷЩΡСûҽ˯𣬷û£Ҳ˯ɡ
ϣ˵ŰݷãȻȢλҶҵС㣬Ÿĸ֮ҲֻӦһ¡
԰һλŮڵǧҺȹ使ޱȵĻЦţЦ̣࣬ߵ˵ңĻ㱡һҺڲסһķģĵ¶ܽء
λҶС㣬һоһԵС˵ǧŮӣһֻ׷ɵĺעĿ
мɫϣ΢΢һЦǧϵŮЦ˵ҶСɣȻǹɫò
ҶоվǧϣƫͷվԼԶӡ
һٷӢӣüǷ˵߹ҶоСáаа·͸еı̲ס͸ƻϲ
ëҶоŬץǧԼվЩЦţʣ˭ѽΪܵ⻨԰Ǹ׵𣿡
ϣһݣҶоûô£͸оһůůϢԼϣϸԼϣվǧϣխխǧվˣվһһ£һˤȥ
ϣһ˱Ц˿𣿻˻ţ
Ҷоߵͨ죬˼ֲҶֻýӲվţ֪ϣǰüԼоһСĲͣðãõҲ
ѾϰΪûĸŮ˵еùӵҶоūС΢΢һЦСһľȣɵǧˣ۾·𱻹̶ס˰㡣
ϣЯҶо£΢Цɿò˵ˡ
ҶоͻȻؼ·ͻȻǰ˾ͺһ㣬÷¡ͻȻ˾룬Ȼĵʧ䣬ϣĿҲЩԡ
ϣ΢΢һЦҪ˵һ̧ͷԶԶһ¥ǰ̨ϣһλŮԣһϷı鿴ߣǲмĮȻ
ϵȹӭƮķԼĵ⡣ɾݣȻ飬ͺƿչɽȪ
ǸһȾƵСѾͷ
иŮڶ𣺡ãܵǧСõ֪ˣҪ𡣡
ϣջĿ⣬ǰŮӣׯ˾ÿףӦҶĴСҶ
ȻС˵λҶүĴС㣬һԸºͶׯҲǷǣǸ׼ĹŮӡ
ҶС㣬áϣòʩһº͵ЦݣĿվԼǰҶһӢ˹֮
Ҷһ£ǰˣЩԥп˵λҺûмǸ׵ôûкǵˡˣλȥǰǰ˺Ȳ衣λӣɡ
лˡϣ΢Цţòȫʩһ뿪֮ǰʶһԶ¥ǰ̨
ŮȻǣڵĿŷԼǰĺϷŵЦ⣬ô˵
ϣװûпԼ·ȴ˼⣬Ѿͷʲôģ
 
                  
5
˱ϣļţҶү߳ǰӭӡɽׯһׯ˭˲֪˭˲ҲҶףЩҶүйˡ
ȻϣЩףⲢҪ
ˡϣ㸸Ӧ֮ͬˣͳһֶˡҶүЦţţš
ϣƽͣüŰͶ仹͸Ź֮󷽡²ǰϣʱ䣬˵ҶүΪλŮѡϣ͹ո֡ոյǼҶүλŮСԸׯºͣСýȻзйڡֻǲü󸮵ĶС㣬Щź˵ţһڡ
ޣ佱佱ҶүЦ˵ѾͷƤֵ԰ﵴǧȥˣֶЦ
ϣ΢΢һЦûнӻ
ҶоͬһƮǰҪ˵һƼǶϣһ죬ߵĵͷỺ˵пˣ
ǵģո˵Ҳˣֻǣ²֪λ˭ɣҶүһŮЦ˵λӿǰɽׯׯϣ
ɽׯҶоһ£ᣬȻǰɽׯׯһׯׯǲšһ˵Ӣ˵ԡߵĵͷߵϣǰʩһҶоׯ
ϣ΢Ц˵ҶСǧƯֻǸղŶдţ¡
ղһҶоɫһ죬վǣĵĻϲ͵͵Ĵϣһۣ;һ£֪Ǻá
λأҶүŮ˼װûп
ոջʱӦȥ˶ǡҶоһ߻شһ͵͵Ĵϣ
ȥλС˵йͣǹ񡣡ҶүԸߵȥҶҶ
һᣬ߽ŮӣǰǸոڻ԰ׯŮӣҶĴСҶȴλµСʱ΢Цţģһμϣվǰһŵ򻨰񾲡
ҵĴŮҶŮҶҶүЦǺǵĽܣŮ
Ҷ
ϣĿвżҶһƼƵŮӡԼŮҲȢŮӡ
ϣȻЩΣ۾ݺݵҶһۣ룬ҲԹ˼ң˼û˵ҶѾͷԼΪ˼Ҷū澡
ɽׯϣׯҶүкһ
ɽׯҶһ㶣ѵʦĶӣֻʦɽׯ˵ӵ֡ϣܳϾǰɽׯׯ˵
ϣмֳɵʣǰɽׯׯϸƺʦм
ǣٰϣ˵
ǣҲҪǿǲҪ޸㡣Ҷ˵۾ȴЦ⡣󣬱ϣԿϣҲֻ
ϣ΢΢һ㶣м⡣Ůӣģȴºݣֻǣˣ;Щǧ֮Į仰˵ƣȴ˵һ
ЦЦº͵˵㲻˵˶ˣҲϣϵôͻȻ⣿
˶ģԿԿǡҶ˵͸޹أ޸㣬ΪǰɽׯׯˣһˣԶԶŲźá
ϣһüȻԼʧһ׵ŮӣҪȻҲΪݡΪԭ𣿡
ҶȻϣеļįʧЩĿ˫۾ģȴ͸٩ĿҲԼ˰ɣһˣôʧأŮӣǿ۾˰ɣϵ˶ãɽׯׯһһ֣߻¡
ǵģΪǰɽׯׯҶ϶Ļش
ɽׯׯ˿ûǰϣġģԼʧƽ˵ֻˣǹضá
𣿡Ҷ룬ʦ˵ѾʮûмԼĶӣϣʱ䣬ӦҲڶʮϣӦûдɽׯֻһλׯҶáʦ뿪ʱӦѾʮң϶Ѿˣ˵ڵҶƺƺ˵ڵλҶ𣿡
ȻɽׯûбŮ˳ƵׯˡϣĻش
 
                  
6
ҶҪ˵ԼĸһЦ˵˵Щʲôѽ
ûʲôֻġϣ˵ϵĶСĵͦġ
𣿡ҶүЦЦ˿ĶŮת⣬˵ȻˣҪúϼգ⾩ַ֮֮࣬Ҫϸ䡣
ϣ΢΢һЦ˵лתͷҶƺҪ˵ʲôȴҶоº͵˵ǳ˵أز죬֪ҶоСɷĴ䣿
ðҶоĵ˵ոտϣֻ죬оƣû뵽ϣȻŹ侩ǣȻǿĵòˡ
Ҷûκεı飬ǰˣǺ˳úһˣò̬ԲʹҲࡣ
ɽϵĻòޱȣҶٸϵԷҲҪʱʱ䡣
÷ԺдɨͽˣЦӭǰͽԼįʱõ飬Լ߹ʮһ۵ĺͯһŮòпʱ顣
ôʱ𣿡
ʦɽׯׯҲˣոոռҶʦ˵
÷΢΢һ£Ҷ˵ð죬૵˵ǵ𣿡
ܺãú˧Щ񡣡Ҷ΢Ц˵
÷վţ۾ᣬȴ޿κε˵ĪҪƭң϶ѾǵˣôûһоأĪǽöİٶŵŮӣ꣬ԻɢóǰƵ¡ϣһǲǵˣ˵ĿУǸˣ
ʦĪҪѹҶͷ飬Զƭ˵ģִԼҲǰİһˣøЦһĿ³𣿡޸𣿡
ã÷ŵĿԼͽܣ˵˵ҪǸĪﲻǸ򵥵ϣڽϵʵ͸һ治ˣ䲻㡣Ȼʮ꣬ѾһˡʦҪʦ֮·һ壡
ʦҶѹĺ֪ǣǷˣĸϣ尾֪ʦĸףȻ˵źޣûаúޡҲ֪ðգɼһ˲ðգ񣬷ֵһðϾĶӣ̫ס
÷ҡҡͷѹ˵ʦ֪ģʦԲԼһעϣУζǸúӣʵУǼΪ˺ʹ㶨ܾ࣬ҲþͻᱻϡǸ֮ˣᵣǰ񶾵
Ҷûпʦ˺һᣬ΢Ц˵ʦĪҪģֻǸӻһԸȢҡǷ˵Ů˶ˣҲȢҵġ
÷һ㶣һʱû˵
صסĿջԸС׼ǸҶоתһ죬ûϣҲ֣úõĶʲôʵǸֵҶ飬֪ΪʲôȴƫƫҶо˵ǰ㻰ǸŮˣһ;ջ
ƿţҪ£ȴڵء
Ҷǰŷϵһ飬ߵʱַϵһ飬򵥵Ļĵ
ÿɿģҶʡ
ϣһ䲻ȵ˵һŮӣܵһӷʲô
Ҷ⣬˵Ǿǣ˵䲻ŵĻ˵ⷿҶסģС˵֣ŲҺ˹㣬һӽҵķʲô
ϣ㵵ĿҶô崿ɰһŮӣôˡ̱ȤðɣˡҺܾ𣿡
ЩʱҶһЦ˵鲻ţ֪ʱ͹ȥˡⱾķϣ͹ԭɡΣŮ飬һտɹ˳˳⣿
Ҷ£˱ˮϣЦһ£˵ֲȵģγ˹ԭҵ飿СѾͷ൱Ĳ㰲ʡĪǸãһͱˡ
˼ңγ˼ҷˡҶ΢΢һЦϣȴڿЦΪʦŲҪĪļһֻ̬Ҫݺݵơ
ϣ΢΢Цţ˵ʵҶɱȺҶоǸСһˡк£˵һ濼һ£Ҫ޸ҵĴ㡣
ҶЦţһһ˵ϣҪȢΪޡ
ϣһˮǺɤ˺ð죬Ҷ˵
ѾͷĸϣʣôͻȻһҪ޸Ҳųɣ
ҽҶѾͷҶĸ˵һҪҴʱ㻹˳ۣҵһһҪ㣬ȢͲȢ
 
                  
7
ϣòƽԼĿԣҶе棬˵ҶҲûдȢҶκһλС㣬ֻǲòӦһ¸ĸİš˵ʵ㣬ĽãҶûпȥǸǽ˭ҲȢ
ɣ㣬Ҽ޶ˡҶ˵ûа飬ͻ侲ηӦѿѿ£ֲûǸʱиڣ˵ϣĻʯ󺣣κεĲ
ϣ˵⽭֮ϻû˿ʲôҾʲôҪ£ҲȢҵ¡ĪʲôΣ
˵Ǿǣӽ£ֻҪⷿһ޷˵Ҷ˵
㣬ʲô񾭣ϣ˵㺰Ǹ͸˵ˣٶҶС
֪Ҷĵλ㸸ĸҲǲ̫Ƿǡ򣬺αҶף˵ף㸸ĸ͵óȫ¡ҶһҲûе˵Ҫ㣬һҪޡȻˣαô鷳˵ˣЩ
ϣŭЦѾͷԴë㲻Ⱦƺȶˣջ˰ɣѵΪǰɽׯׯһҪңӽ£ʲô޲ãǸҲǸѡʱ֪ҶĶС㣬ΪֻǸū澣Ѿں㣬ɡ
ҶһۣЩ֣ʶʣ֪ģ
ϣûлش⡣
ҶҲȢ㣬þеİ취ҲӦȢ㣬Ҳɡϣ˵㲻ŮӣǸҲŮӣûõҷ㲻Ȣĵزİɡ
ҶϣһЦ˵һȢҲ޷ֻǽˣ㲻ӦҲ㾡ˡ
ϣĻЩɻĿʲô㾡ˣ
Ҫ޸㣬ˣ˺޳ܵˣʲ̫ʵ㲻ϡ˵ҾˡҶƽ˵鿴ǳĿɰ۵ݣʮ˾СǷ۵ģȴ˵ͨ͸ϣЩжھΡû֡
Ѿͷʵͦɰ˵ֱʡǣ㻹ȥϲ˰ɡϣЦЦ˵
ҽҶѾͷҶٴĽ֣͡ʲô˿һ˶ģѾȻȤðɣһȢҲֻòˣֻҪúãҼ޻򲻼ûϵ
ϣҶʵ˵Ļ˵棬Լ˵ԼʱϾȻЩɣѵ˵һ鷳ͷ۵ΪλҪ
һֵŮӡϣ̲סЦ˵Ȥ
ҶȴûκεķӦֻǵ˵Ȼ㲻ԸȢҲܼޣҾͲ鷳ˡȥķҲûҶϣھÿġ
ϣҶͷҲأ뿪оȻЩʧ⡣صȹԽԽԶȻûлعһͷȻҪԿ϶һǣͲϲҪһΪĳԭ
صҶһЩϤӰ΢üͷûӦʲôںԼūС˵
û𣿲ѽġʱ˼ص£üĿ㣬۾۾ͺ̶㣬ף˵ӡֱ̫ˣҲҶū澣ôûһأƺЩżСҲЩż
۾̶Сԥһ£Щֵ˵ݣҼҶС㣬ҼҶС۾Ĳˣģȥ˾ͿݽȥǴҹϵġ˵ҼҶСǸŮӡ
룬ϲ˵ԣԣָоøɾ񾲣ͺĿ峺Ȫˮɽ±ߵС˿ˣĺܡԣԣ˵˵úҵĶС㣬һ֪ǲ
ȥ˻ûлС΢ЦŻش̧ͷȻҶ̸˵˵˵أҼҶСͻˡƣǲ˵λ
̻ͷһۿҶڵء
ҶվţǶˣɾüĿ㣬͸Ź񾲺ʡ
ԭҶĶС㡣ϲĴкһĿģһֱģˣҪӵ𱸣û뵽㾹ȻҶĶС㡣̫ˡ
ллһ·Ҷ΢Ц˵
һЦͺů⣬ǰһж˵Ŀġ֡ŮӾȻһ֮ûƯŮӣҲµһеּͿֵǴδйġ
пرһ㣬һֱΪ⸮ū澣û뵽ȣ˸ЦǿģҶĿҪ״Ρ
ū澣ҲЩ鷳ǣǸĶС㣬ԼҪףĸһԣҲԼһֱûмǣҲôЦ
 
                  
8
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ǸССᣬ޷ԼģǺ໳һģ
ʹһģǰҶ졣һ͵͵ġһֱǿĵģһֱŲõЦݡ
Сһ͵͵Цɵϣնӿ϶ϲҶʵ˻治˳ӢŨüۣһҲǾһĸ֮ңҶ˽ҲáǼˣСһʲôί
Ҷǰ໳͸ĵÿģܴ󣬵ȴĵһ꽻
໳硣ҶЦŴк
ŮУҶүϲŮΪԼᷢΪϻۣһǸи֮ˣ׹¾ȻһˡʿԣŮи֮ˣҶүϧ
Ҷү۰к̶΢Ц˵ףֶոջ̸㣬꣬ջΣûʲôȤ˵
á۾ûҶƿ˵ʱԵĴӦζ
໳΢Ц˵ôûòҶ㽲㾹ȻĲɡʲôлáСû㣬ЩæʲôѽˣҲո棿
Ҷ΢Цţģϵı鵭ġ
Ҷү΢Ц˵ղղĸΪס˵ţ˿໳ͷ⣬ԼۿųģεƷԼúҲԼĶŮǺʡ
Ҷ΢ЩɬϾǵ˵ģµó໳ӦǸΪѡķʵ˭νڵݺΣɵһѡ񡣸ĸ֮ý֮ԣŴ˲˵鷳ʣαѰգ
ȴ˵أĸǰףʲôʱô֪ҶΪʲôߵһ
໳ȴ֪ܵܵ뷨΢ЦſҶº͵˵ҸĸһֱϲҪϱε㵽˳ͣȻҪǰźá
ҶЩ⣬֪˵ʲôźá໳ڹŴһˣӸСҶϵʱͼǸʱӦѾһλԶǣ˵֣ǲЩǶԼֳ㡣
ǣҲͶˣȻϣǱ߲ٷģиõ˼Ҳͼˡ飬ִʱѾûȥԡ
ֵܣҶүͼһԷ
ҶоԼĸף˵ǸׯΣ
ĪҪ⣬һ·ˡҶү˵Ӧ˳ûҪȢ˼
Ҷоͷ
үҿǸׯоͦĵģαصо澩ǣ˵ׯǽϵһׯׯȨѷɫھκһλ壬ǽ׼ңҶ˵ʵǺкôһ¡˵ǸׯͲ󣬳ӢȻЩ׵ĴţڸߴôûЩү̽һ̬ȣ⣬׼һֵһġ
Ҷү̾˿˵СǸϣôܻῴо˸򵥵Ůӡǽˣʲôʲôûоϲоֻ¾Ͳˡǿûкʵ˼ңѡ˼Ҽ˰ɡҿ໳ĵܵᣬһ˲ţǿѡ֮ˡ
ѾӦҶ޹ȥˣܲǼҵĹﶼҪ޸ǼҰɡϲ˵
һ죬ǸڵϣҶЩҵ˵û£û£ҲСġСź˰ɡ
ԷҪСЩҶүº͵˵
Ҷ˵ͷҵĲغñ飬ͷļԷԵٶˣҲࡣ
̾˿ѾͷȻϲ໳ģСϲ໳һֱϲڣǷŲ¡໳һֱϲҶҶǿġС໳һֱСĺǻľҶ
ջϣĿ飬ȴЩĪķңԼҲΪʲôһ˫۾ļԼȥ
һֱ߶ŮˣСųľĸŮһɰСžµݣŵľֹĸϲġĸ˵ϱԲġ
Ǹ˳ӵŮӣᡢҲһһ⡣ִҲδš
ɣ뵽ĮȻһı飬ģԶҶֵһŮӣ
ΪʲôһҪ޸ȴѾʱֱֵǰɣ
ʵҲ֣ΪʲôĸһҪȢȴƫƫҶףȢҶҵС㣬Ҫδĸʱ֣֪Щʲô
 
                  
9
ӰһƻáǸСӰɫҹ£ģͣڴ⣬δվȣһѷھϣѹѨλ
ϣ磬ҡ˵֪ϣ书̧ء
֪㣬ֵõ˵ϣ˵ÿȣ΢ЦţܵʲôúõĴڰɽׯĸ
ϣ磬͵͵˵Сӣȫĸ˵ĸģҴ㣬ɣĺ㣬㲻ڣɽׯһ˼ҲûС͵͵˳
ĸ׺ĸϣм⣬΢Ц˵ĸ֪ˣ㣬ӴࡣֻǴʱİɽׯѾһţ㣬ĸݣһʱֻǽѾ˷ˡ
ͷҿ͵ĸ̷̸ʵǺ棬Ϊĸ̸̸ŴᵽҶҶҵλС㡢ϣ֡Ȼĸײ˵²һϣĻйأѵĸϣһλ
ɣһ취֪ͨĸ׺ĸǵģЩ飬ýðϣЦЦ˵õСһ䷿Ϣһ°ɣô뵽Ūôһҹ´ţΪԼҪ𣿡
һ죬Щĵͷ
峿ոս䣬ҶԺһ֮óֺͲƮһѪ֮
һ£ӴһԾ𣬴򿪴Ѫ֮˱ǶڿĴš
СС㡣Сһֵ˽־˵С㣬ˣ֪ôãһҹ֮䣬еĶ֮⣬еƥȵȣͳͳŤ˲ӣһصѪ֪ʲôġ˵ţ̲סһ¡
Ҷ̴·ţȥǶһֱ۰Ǹ״Եʱģѱٶȼ죬ǴĮǧѡĺ
ִΪòίڰ˵ʱǲƷɱ⣬ȻŴϰʮ䣬֮УôִʱһôΡҪҪĻšκˣҲκˡ
㶵ĿԼ׵ǣˣĴţָȻ¡һصѪŨŨĴ̼˫ۣ۾ɵɵĿţ˭̣ҲȻŤĲѪȥ֪˭ģһɱܽޣ
С㣬СҪŻˣţҶĺ棬С˵С㣬үȥ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֪ˣϾ͹ȥŭЩƣ˺˰㣬ܼˡ
ǰҶүţüͷ塣
ϿֹүҪЩ취оĶǲ֪Ҫǳ£Ҫλѽ
СɣоѾͷô֪ܲȥأúõļڼУôվҲأҶүŭĳСɺ
Сŵһţţ϶Ŀ˵Щūģģ֪СֻǣСֻǣֻ˵ҪҪȥջȥջǣǸʲôʲôɽׯģ٣ׯū澣ūҪɣɣС㣬ū澣ū澱ڷ
оǶ£Ǹϣǵģɽׯôһ֪ŮӿԼ޵ģףҶЩ棬ҪȢɣҶүŭֵĿϣ޺޵˵߳ģ˲֪ߵغ񣡡
һ£ûһ졣
Ҷ˵ȻѾˣҲСãһǺͰɽׯйأ磬ȥׯʣҲ֪ЩϢʲôᣬҲԽȻҶǾ׻ڽУֻǸһĵطѡֻϣСòҪǳǷҪѸСƢõȥòźá
Ҷү˵ͷǿѹŭ˵ĿǰҲΨһеİ취ȥϣסĿջϣԴЩϢˣԺȥĶͳͳɾˮϴȼѬúõѬһѬ¶Ǳ֪ˣ˿ЦǾ˻ϣֻǷǣ
ߺҶһҪȥĵطʦڵġԷЩʦǰɽׯģַ˲ȻԲڵĸ־Ϳ˲֣ǻǸеˣǱɡ
ΪˣֻѰϵʦɽָȻͽɽΪ峿һ·ϻ¶ˮҲЩʪһᣬȹ߾մʪˡ
÷ڣɽǸεɽŹţҶ֪ʱʦһڱչˣֻʮ²Ӳȥˣʦˡðա
룬ֻٷسУȥϣסĿջ
 
                  
10
δջͿջʮ׵ľ룬ÿʮվһλŮӡɴ棬 
֪ˣ᲻ʲô⣿ûпŮκαˡ 
һ˵Ҷôܵˣ̫Σգǵ˵ 
һŵĿ 
ЩʲôˣΪ˰Ҷʡ 
û˵Ҵ뿪ջԶЩĵط˴Ƽңѡ˶¥ԶԶԿüջҪ˱衣 
˵ǰɽׯׯ˵ãٶŵʹĪ¡˵ΪŮϵϵٸԸٶŵˡٶŵԺݶơ治֪ɽׯׯΪҪȢٶŵΪޣȻаҲɣȻ˷ޡ 
Ҷ˵кιϵҪȥƣ׳òҪȥطׯҲ֪ںδ 
Ҷȥ˿ջ˵ǣаʱû˽ˣʱ򣬺ʹȥһҶǸлͣŽգ綼֮⡣ 
𣿡ҶȻ˵ոֻˣŪԺһ⣬Խ峿ūæʰ׸պóô˻طׯȥ˱𴦰ɡ 
˵ͷ 
ҶеĿջͷΪ׵ġ 
ִԼĸĸһ˽ĸĸÿΪǮͣԼҲи㣬򹤣˴ѧҲûлعңԼûвμӸ߿ѡɱ룬Ǹĸжôѹ 
ڹŴȴż۰ĸĸϵصþǱܳ谮ӡʱĸĸԵġԼĸ׳£ҪúõĻš 
Ҷ㣬㡪ԥĿҶƺ˺ܴľģʣǲĺϲҴ磿 
Ҷһ㶣˿񣬲֪λش 
ǲǺܿЦͻȻЩЦ˵ʵӦ⣬ʵʵ޴ĺϲ㣬ҲһϲģһСġ˵ǿ㳤ġҸ 
ҪˡҶûлش⣬֪Ҫλشϲϲʱĺݡ֪ζĿǰҲ໳һֱǳĺǻչҲܺáĻһΡ 
Ҷͷìܡӵһοͷ˴ŮӣκʵŮӣģȴůůһŮӣӵһۣȴҪΪĴɩͷۡ 
ôˣҶЩʡ 
ޣûʲôûʲôֻͻȻ֮ЩдŬ΢Цţո˵ʲô 
Ҫȥˣ뿴׻ؼûСҶ΢Ц˵ 
ãһ𡣡˽룬ܹһһҲǺõġ˸磬Ͳڵһ˵˵ЦЦˡ 
Ҷ룬ʱǼѾʰˣⲻȥһɣһȥˡðɡ 
صѬԴҩˮˢԺ͸ŹӸɾˬĸо֪ãУҶǾÿйѪ֮ 
̲סüͷ 
СҵûУԼѾͷʡ 
Сҡҡͷӳȥûлżء 
ҶͷĵԽԽءСʲô鷳Ȼðɽׯջ𣬶һаٶŵ˳棬ٶɫּ𣬳Ȼϣ߸м͵һѾݶˣǳֵΣɽׯڵׯǰٶ£ҩ÷Īеݳ£Ȼƭùɽׯׯҩξ 
׻᲻أ 
ҶôˣôͻȻ˲ǲǵĲ£еʣֻȥطϣӦò¡ȻٶǽеɣϾҲڳ͢ϽΧڣ̫Ϊѳ͢Աġ 
Ҷǿ˵ͷȴǰҡͷ˾ͺˣͲʦʱ֮ 
һֱ˻ƻ裬Ҳû׻Ҷżˣò׵ǣԼȥһ˿ջǸϣôݶҲӦöһ֣οһԹ޳ĳ͢ԱȻٶôţҲܹǳ͢ĹԱϹٸ鷳 
ĸ֪˵ģҶĵ뿪ȥջ 
ϵĹѾܰˣ·ߵĵ̶ѾŻȼ𣬹͸һ˿ޡ 
δ߽ջŮʮ֮ľ룬Ҷ͸оһɱŮ͸¶һֲε֮ǲţֻһͨŮӡ 
գȻ÷ͽܣվʦ֮ϣʵʱʦڽʦ˵ʦΪʧ侲ʺգԵ侲еѧ°빦ʦգʦЦ˵Ķ֣ʦҲСΪֻ׽ֻڴ˵ĽʦҲ˰ɻΨȫ 
¶ʱ̫ҡһ鷳ֻ밲ĹԼӣ鷳븴ӣΪעġֻҪ£ζá  
                  
11
ʲôˣŮӵʻ͸Ųζѯʣɡ
Ҷѹͷŭ𣬰ģнģϸ˵ҶĶСҶ׽طׯδ飬ϴּøȥ£ʱԣǰ븸׻ȥ鷳ͨһ
УŮӺصһڻؾ
ҶһЦȻϸ˵Ҷʵûа취ûлϵּ⣬Ҹ̸ɣּڣʱ׵Сһûˣɾ´ǽˣ̹ڡɳЩЩòСĲźáﻹȥ˵һҶڴ˴ţ˾òؽ˼룬Ҷһȥ˾ÿ㣬ϷģȻᰲš£ɣ
Ůһ£ͺ˼ȴһҲ򵥵˵ǣҶ£ȥͨҶ£ͲȥͨԼŰ졣
ٿһҶ谵Ĺ£͵ı飬΢Цһ߹ŵĹŮӣͲش󷽣Ȼƽͣżͥ͵ĸʺ͵Ȼֹ
ôһ֪㸸ڿջŮЩԥʣڣ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
ȻڵģҶȻǸղŵģͷĲˣȴȻƽ͵ģģϸϸκεĲףǲڣͲѿ˵Сֱ֣˵ڡﱾǺģҶɲл
Ů΢΢һ㶣ЩĿ˿Ҷ˵ֻǡһҪȥ𣿡
ҶЦ˵лλģڴˣɷĹȥֻǷȥͨһµ£ҶȻСӦڻǾ֮Уӽ£Ҳ̫Ϊѣôܵŵʹߣ
Ůӵ˵ͷа˵ɱλҶоĹɫˣȻҶС㣬һλʤһλٱࡣȡΪȴһҲֻüۼʣͷˡ
ðɣһᣬͽȥͨŮӻָ¹˵ҿɲұ֤Ҽһ㣬һԽӵĸף
Ҷ΢Цŵ˵ͷЩ⣬˵ţǼ١ȻһգȻ㹻ĵʱѪִһСŮӣСģȻһ鷳ܹ¸ҡɱҲֻһʱ嶯
˵ˣҪùִһҲڵʱѡֻǣʱҲѹԼˣˣίԼһ뷨ִһԻóʡǻڵ飬һִúõĻȥϴѧʼµǸ˲ͷˣѵûһкİΪʲôΪԼɣ
룬һʡЦ
һᣬŮӳˣϵıɴ󣬿壬Լ͸¶֮ȴ࣬ƺЩĪºƻԼɼҶɡׯҼں
лˣҶ΢Цŵл£ŬȶһԼ߹Ůӵߣջȥ
ջ硣
һŮǣһϸüۣ͸ɷ΢УԼ֮⣬ֻĸ֮⡣ĴŽŮӣͲм֮ȫĲΡ
ŮͲҲʮ߰ңһ۵ȹ˿磬紵΢΢Ʈ縷˿棬üĿ㣬ݰף΢΢Цţ͸̧֮߹񾲡һȻѹסȫɷ
ŮҶоֱˡ
ϣţĮģȴȵľšԣĿǰŮӣ֪ΪΣŮоһ˵ΣգһŮĸоŮ޷սʤġ
ŮӺס
ΪһŮӴȻƽ͵ʣ˹֮⣬֮⡣
˵Ҫ㸸׻ȥĪʣ֮ȫڸոǸصŮӣʤһǴ̶һӦѯʵĻȴʡ
Ҷȴĵ˵ͷ
ǸѾͷĪ˵ո˵ո˵Ļ־в죬벻Ҷо֪ѾͷȻһܸɵĽ㡣
ԭСҲҶ΢Ц˵ΪȥˣءȻ⣬ض㲻ˣ֪ɷ
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ҶһЦ˵ССܼ۰ЩСƢ㿴Цˡ˵֮ԭ£ϾС٣ɺȽϡǸСӣ˵ĽׯΪһ֮˵ڵģ˵⣬ֻǻûǰһ˶ׯ֮˲ĽֻСõΪǼׯȻϣˡ
 
                  
12
Īһ㶣˵ܾñŤҶһۣת˵㸸𣿡
ȻǵĵġҶ˵ȻƽͣóֻһݽòԹ͵ǣǣݺ͵λôܺһ͢ԱȻΪ֮еˣͳ͢ǾˮˮΪСõӦó͢ԱʣֻСˡׯͼҸĵÿģһʱʱ䣬ֻȥȲׯڣΪ͢Աʳ»ǣʥּȥ£ȥǿּٲҪѵ
ϣζĿҶɲ⣬ϲŭ
ҶоѾͷĪķԸӴŰҶүҲˣȳǸģȤ
һᣬ˰ҶоһľţȻǴǧİݣ㡣
СãʲôǵáҶԴѵ˵̧ͷĪ£º͵ʣ˵˰죬֪γƺ
ĪĿҶͷ˵ҷնš
Ҷ˵ͷٿҶо˵ǵöŷջҹߣʰһļ󣬺æһʰ
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ֻǣ˲п֮£ôҶ˵˿Ц
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Ҷȴһ޹Ī£˵ŷˣڽѵСã⻰˵Сãα
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ңʲôˣңҡҶоС˵ֻջׯ
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һҶҶоӲͷƤĪ²˵ԲңңҲǹСģʱʱֻǣֻᣬԣԡ
ߣһС㣬ȻҪʰŮǲ֪ߵغ񣡡Ī²ޣһ˵⣬ƾոҶо⣬޺޵˵Ҳʣϣʲôˣ㾹ȻƢѾȥ죬վ˵
ҶоĵίҪȴҿǰŮˣѾѵüˣ޴Ӷء
ҶװûпĪµֲѹֿһҹ֮ʰҶļԼҲǽ٣ûκεĲ֣ҶԼ֮£ȱٵֻǾ顣
ŷ˵ĻҪúõļҶ˵´˽ѵ
Ҷо˵ͷ⣬治ҪЩʲôźá
ĪܾҶ˵Ļ̶ȴ˵ĶףҶ˺ð죬ȴ˵κλ
ϣ˵ʱҲˣǻȥɡ
Ī»һϣˡȻǰٶŵˣ԰ɽׯ˵ļ治Ƕϣ
뿪ջҶо̱˿պ޵ĿҶ޺޵˵ΪǰңҪΪҾҪл㣬㲻ǴӿջһûҪл㣡
Ҷޱ顣
Ҷоûн飡Ҷү𣬡û棬ջظĿܡֵطûСû㣡
ҶоҪ죬Щ¸ףֻˡ
һ˻صˣԹ˲ŸԻطϢҶĻָյƽ
صԼķ䣬ҶúۣŷЩ⡣˵£ǼٵģΪ֪ٶŵʦǸӣԲŻú£ҲΪ²ŻСӦǵ󣬵һκʵսԣսûо飬ûвοȫƾżвСҺã¡
 
                  
13
žӷͭŮһãȻ
ѾͷʲôأһͻȻڶϣмϲмֵ٩мº͡
Ҷһͷȥ
ϣվЦЦĿмЦЦ˵Ϊ첻µز£ȻٶŵҪˣԭҲǺ£ųģҽҲá治ǰ¸ҵģ
Ϊѽɽׯׯｭָȡ֮ҶҶϣƽ࣬Ҳ࣬ҲǸŮӣȻµģʲôֵģҲ£Ǿ͸ˡ
Ȼϣ΢Ц˵
˵뿪Ҷ˵ʱܵҵĹ뷿ȤҾõģҿɲΪµƷ
Ȼ£²ϣ΢Цǲ˵ڿǣǲҪȢΪޡ
лˡҶƤҲգһ£˵жżҵŮҲ˼ҵˣԺҪݲźá
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Ҷһ飬ͷ飬ͺǰûϣ˰㡣
ȻԼ
ϣͻȻԼʧ˵ΪʲôվȻЩᣬϣҶ˵仰ٸǡҶʼǣе飬һƽĮȻ
ֻ뿪¹ˮ档
һֱϣߵúԶˣҶ̧ͷ鷳ϣһɷˣ޷ȵһһȻӢճȺԺգⶼǿ԰ȹһһֻ
ʱҪԭ򲻹һΪʦΪĳˣȷеĽĳˡ
ǸˣȴǰǸƵˡ
ͻȻЩ
ʱֻǸ߶ѧͨͨȴƫƫǵѧУͷɽֻΪǰ߹ʱúյͬԣ˶עƷ
һȺޱȵȺ壬ǮУɼ㣬ʦĳͬѧż񡣿ɣθɣֻ˵ԼùǸʱ߹Ȼ˵ˣʶ𣿡õЦΪϧ֪һϷѡ
кֻΪһŮӿЦڵһעһͿһŮΪѰٻȻѡΪˡԼɵѽ
飬ĴҲֻУֵֻӰӣʵ¿ԴĶ
̶ܣıΪԼҸģֱⰲŵһϣǵ棬ʾ⡯Ȼ¶ԵסʱǺ޲
Զ޷ЩЦЩεЦ޷⣬ֻԸںڰϴδ磡
С㣬ҹˣЪ˰ɡС˽ҶŷЩ֣ѡ
Ҷ㶣ͻȻѹСԼ΢΢һЦ˵ֻŷˣȻʱ䣬ȥЪϢҲϢɡ
СӦţҶϴԼƺеУϸƺޡҶ΢΢һ㶣Ŵ⣬ˣ˳
ջĪµͷվš
һĵٸվĶ棬ϱĮŭ޺޵˵£ʲôʱѧҪʱʱǳ鷳úõȥǳ͢ĹԱʲôǸСѾͷϣ⣬˴󶯸ɸ𣿣
ϣôñŮȾָĪ²ķʡ
ǸùɣʺϣӣǿԳɹȻһٻ󣬿ڣǵϣµݡٸ˵ҿųģΣұ㻹ȷʵܼ޸ϣҪϣȢþǳ͢سŮҶѡҶүǻϵţʺǵѡ񡣡
ô죿Ī²ϰݵʡ
ٸ̾˿˵£Щ£ҿҵģҪǿɡοϣȢˣҲᰮҲ֪÷˱ŮˣҲǸõĹ߶ѡαصġ
ԲȢǸҶѾͷĪѿڶ
ΪΣٸʡ
Ҳ֪ΪΡĪüԥ˵ֻǾãŮ̫ѩǰСģ޷ΡңЩģŮӣϣ᲻ᶯģ
𣿵Ȥٸ˵ٶŵʹ߾ȻҲкº͵ĵˡǸҶβͬ˹ǣ
 
                  
14
Ī룬ҡҡͷ˵벻ָоȴ޷þݳǾòͬ㣬ˣͻˡǾòס
ַ΢Цһ£һеһεһŮӣԼһֱв˵˼ɻ䣿ϣ߲ǵһγİŮӣòûֻһǵģѵ˱ˣ
ǰᡢŮӣöٽ֮˳˼ĺĸŮ
ϣأַͻȻתƿ⣬ʡ
źһɡĪ˵
Ƽҡ˱ǡҹм˺Ⱦģٴϣ
Եڽ
αأѾˣܲӲ֮ɣϤģϣûͷҲ֪ӦҹĺμȣοԷ׸硣һ𳤴Ҳ÷һԣһֱ⣬ϲҲĽ֮
֪ãȻΡѹ֪˵еֻǣɼĲɼһգڴʱΪֻҶһСū澣ǰɾģзΣнҾУɵþϲ֮ġһȥңȻ֪ҶүĶŮϲֻҪ˸ĸǰȥףһȴû뵽ȻǴˣδĴɩ֪ˣȴǷŲ£
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ѵҲΪԼƺȵζ
áμȰ˵ҶǸùҲһͷɡҶҲ˵ĽҲĽ㣬һλׯ׵˶ΪβǲǿȢؼȥ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ѹ˵ôݵ±ˣ۶˫ɾ۾ǰ㰲º͵ĿңľˣҲֵáȾƣ
ϣаһ̲סʣƱһ£⣬ҹֻʣ¹ˮį塣
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ϣ磬㣬ôһţϣ֪˵ϣ磬㵽ôĸףĸףѽϣ磬ô
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ϣĪ²˵
ϣŲȻЩĵԼķȥͷҲأֻǱĪºͶ˰֡
ַ˲֪ʱվ󣬿ϣ߽ķ䣬˵αֲǲ֪Ը񣬺˿ҵȻǲ£ȴȻǱƣȥɣǸ
㡣Ī¿ԼĽ㣬Щʣѵȥ˴¡
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ĸ㵣ʲôеʡ
¡ַ΢Ц˵ҵĵʱֻ̲ܽӵϣҪЩί
һ죬Щɬȴزסϲ֮ɫ
Ǻȵöˡϣ롣ûܵĺܡԼľܴʲôʱЩƾͿԼܣһλƴƣȵȴܣʱȵľƱȵҪ࣬һƴƣȴҲֻϢһվͺˣΪΣƺȵ˷ƣ
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Ҷϣ૵֣̾һȻ
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15
С㣬С㡪СҴ˽
ȣȣСһʲô£˴СеģҶ޿κεĿСѾͷĶã̫׼еϲŭͨͨϣҲزס
ˣСȥջңǸʲôׯȥˣСŵ˵ͨޡүҪˣǰ﷢𣬷Щȥ
Ҷһüϣ浱ԼŮãȴ֪ǲʣֻȥȡ衣
ϴ׵ҶСһȥǰԶͿеūͶվŵͷѻȸΣǸ׵Ļ𷢵òСҲ˸սľģ
δݣŭֵǳţһȺûõķǲǾ徲ӹùˣһҪѹˣ˰Ǹһ
סҶỽ߽ڣȴͻȻֲʵУִʱԼĸҲ˾Լվİʱһ۵ݣɬִͣԼϸеͣȴҪЩ׷ŵ顣Щĵ飬ǣĸĸΪκ鷳ա
СҶүɫ࣬ǿѹŭ𣬿ԼŮ
ŮոС˵õ£Ѿճģðɽׯ˿ССЦȥУ˻˿Сһ϶²ͽϵǻ漰ٶţֻ¸ǲסҶ˵ŮҲ˵ɽׯׯǰٶŵˣٶͳͣ͢ǲҪǵĺá
Ҷү̾˿ε˵ΪҪǣʵҲǲƫƫĸŮ˲һҪˮſϰݡҶоѾͷ֪ĸԣƫƫҪ޸ϣƷԸôܱϣϣȡ裡
ҶûпʵԼҲҪ޸ϣΪȷʵǳĳĿġ˵Ҷо뷨Ҫˣ룬ˣľǰ׳ˣִԼǲ׳գôΪЦƷ
ףҲҪСãҲϲׯ˵䲻䣬˵Ҷ΢Ц˵˵ׯҲȷʵλò׵ӣǰɽׯׯʢСðĽŮ׺αСд۹⣬Ҳ˵ʶ˲ס
ҶүһԼĶŮ̾ϢһŮ˵Ĵϻۿףá
緹ѰķΧȹģҶͷԷ˵ʲôźáҶүǰķһֱüͷˮδ
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Ҷүһ㶣ʶʣĸŮأ
صġģ֮ȫΣ˵ڿջţȥ˾ͼˡַѣҶүһҪŹ󸮵ĶСҶûҶͬȥǾһʱȥѹ󸮵˺Сʬ
Ҷүɫһ䣬˵ԼŮӿһ˵ĵĺǣΪָҪԼĶŮ
ٶƺȫԼҡջĿջµŮǿÿʮףվһλͲʮҵŮӣ¡ɴһ˵ɷ֮Թ߿⡣ӽ£͸ΪΪʹÿջ֮˸߹
Ҷү²Ϊΰɽׯַ˶ҪԼĶŮϵıҲԵͲ
ҶҲ֡ûмַˣֻʦ˵ˡַ˱ĪǰٶŵţĪ¸߳ҲǰٶźŵŮòģո߳Ϊ˽ļܡʦһ
ΨһֵǣδַŰʦĶӣһֱǳ۰չ˵Ҳǳܵңϣ̬ȿĸҲܺãƺ
ַĪ׽ãԸȫͬȽϣַ˸غͳЩ
һջδվȣҶ̾͸оһ̽ĿԼϣһ裬ȴû̧ͷĿ̫̽üǲû´һǰɽׯַˡ
Ī£ҲǰɽׯׯַˣҶ̤ջһ˲俪ʼĿû뿪ҶһֱڿҶҶһһרעᡣһƷûвκεĸС
Ҷٶŵⶼÿ϶ģѯʵĪ˵ĻҲĮȻ
Ҷͷ˵ǡ
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ĪҲڴҶ
ҶǸҶоѾͷֱһһ¡ɫҶоƺЩʢĵ޶ˣҶһ俪ڼįɽȵС˵׿Խ֮ףɣپ£ȴȻ񾲣ż
ȣ˵乫ҶҶоӣ˶ȴĶ
 
                  
16
ĪºȻһҶֻһɺֱԼĲҪҪܿԼ书ҪҪ㿪һвûпܣ֪ΪʲôȴԸѡһߵᡰѽһ
ĸףϣѿںзɻϻĸ׵ľ֮һ˿ԶùһУΪĸҪҶϣҶ书ĪҪ
ҶȻһãȻ֪İ
΢ס֡ĪºȻһЦ˵Ȼ书мֵ
Ҷһ£ԼһֻĪ¶϶ϲĹԼȥ֪Լ÷ĹϵҲ÷㲻ӡ
Ҷ˻Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼǵ֪꣬Ҷо¶ַ˻ɣѵСְѸ̵ļèĹóЦˣ
Īµ˵Ѿͷ֪Ҳȥ˵ֻ˵˵ɡҵǶĺܣҪͷ۵ѾͷһµŮӡ
Ҷޱ飬վţȻĪµӡ
ʮ߰ͣȻ֮ɫɫӨüĿ㣬һ˫ۣ͸Ÿɾ񾲣䰲֮Ļ죬ǸδĹŮӡΪΣȻԼأԼĲ
ͻȻַ˶Ҷү΢΢һЦ˵ϣһֱϧĶӣҲȢޣѡôãȻһֱûкʵѡ֪ҶүǷϸŮϣ
Ҷүһ㵣˵ð૵˵⣬⣬ʹãѾ˼ңռѾƸ񣬹ЩӾҪȢţοһŮ޶򣿡
𡣡Īµģģ˵ǾǼҡˣּңǼ˱ˣ˭ңҾļҡ
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Ҷ㶣Ҫ˵Щʲôԥһ£˻ȥ
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㡣ϣͷ˵
ãַ˴Ӧĸɴֶ̧࣬Ҷһȥƺֻ˲䡣
Ҷԥʱ䶼ûУȴӲӲı۾ݺݵԼ׳գѵҪڶΪһƵ͵ԼΪΣ˵ʱ
һ㱣ϣץס󣬴뿪ǹɱķΧҶվλԱߵһӲɼƬҶүľƺҲ˲ֹͣ
ȻԸȢϾǸŮɱˣʵڿϧ£ͽܰɡϣ˵㲻һֱûкʵͽҿѾͷѩ侲ºͣÿ͵סįѧЩҪĻݲݡ
ַһЦ̲ס˵ϣôã㻨ﻹ֪ʲôŮɱ˿ϧʲôݲݣĳѾͷҲĲҪȢһŮӣöŮ鳤һѾ㹻ﵽϣһϸĳȵŮչ㣬㰲Ĵ顣
һԱɫ˵Ŀĸ֪˵ЩʲôźãףΪʲôĸҪϣȢŮӣʲôһϸĳȵŮչ㣬㰲Ĵ顯ʵǲףĸ׿ڴӦҪ޸ϣ
Ȣϣ˵ĸףӶһԶһ㰮Ľ֮ĶûеʵûȤ벻ҪǿӲ顣
ַƺ𰸷ǳ⣬ƺӲϲҶϣȢҶҶү뽫ǧڿջúõġ԰˺ŮˣҺҶˣȻȥ
Сȷʵ˼ңѾ˾ǵռңСһƽŮӣõŮӾǶǣַ˿ϸϸѡһҪСҶүѹ˵
ռңַ˵˵Ӧǹ󸮵ɡڹʽķϣĪҪǼҴӴ˺󲻵ðǴ˰ɡأҶүŮ뿪
ҶҪַȴһס󣬵˵ġ
ϷţĪ·ſҶָָԵӣ˵ɡ
Ҷû鵭Ȼ£ĿĪ£ΪʲôȻǧΪʲô
Ǹ൱鷳ˡַҲ£Ĳ豭˿ڲˮͻȻ˵£㾹ȻԱ˰ı飬ϳ費ˡ֪ΪʲôҪϣȢ𣿡
Ҳ㣬֪롣Ҷƽ˵
áַ˺Ȼ΢Ц˵˵ȷӦʱңҲ㾹Ȼң
¡Ҷ˵ǣҲһҪֳѾˣαٷϣˣüϡ
 
                  
17
㵱治ϲϣַ˻ɵʣӿʼҶ˵ʼƺһһȫѯʵƺе磬ϲϲϣ˸Ͳڡ㣬ѵǸ⣿
ϲǲϲʲôԭ򡣡ҶĿҶˣʣΪҪϲ²ǲװŲϲأȷʵǲϲҲȷʵǲϲңαҪ鷳İ˴˲ϲ˴һأǸжĹһһӦøʡ
ҪһŮˡַ˰˵㲻ϲϣϣϲ㣬ŮˣˣͻһġϲϲҪˣͻᰮΪŮ˵
Ҷַˣжʱ䲻˵ð죬˵ҶˣҪһȫȫϣȴطĸ顣ԣѡңΪҶǸŮӣϣȻҲᰲһӣᰮϣϣжٷİŮˡ
ַ˵˵ͷ̾˵ȻǸѩŮӣʶ㡣Ȼ㲻ܻϣĸ飬ҿԽٶŵΪ
ģҶ˵ҼˣұһһֻһˡעĶĵ𣿡
ַһ㶣Ҷ۾һ˿ȻϸϸĴǰŮӣһŮӣϣһһǶģҪΰ죿
Ҳ㡣ַ˿϶˵
ҼˣҾһֻһˡҶҲʾĻش𣬡һĳ룬ҶһҸҲҶģ
ַЩ죬Ȼᶨ˵ҿԺģϣ÷һ𳤴㲻ǸͻȻðѾͷмɫѣôʤùʮĸ飿ᰮ㣡
ҶһЦ˵ʱ䳤йϵׯ氮ŹαǣһҪҶ޸ׯҶؽҶΪׯеΨһƵĴ㣬ׯͶŹﰲȵĹһӣҲҶҶƽĹһ
ַȫûص˵ȻѾˣԲġһֻȫȫʧˣҶȥķϢٹһգҶһ𷵻ذɽׯ
Ҷһ仰Ҳû˵˵ҲûãԿóַǸ˵һ֣ɽׯׯΪη÷ѡ˼͵Ůӣʵǲ̫ʺӣ쵼Ӧò
ַΪҶѡķϣԱߣϣķҶұǶ
ǰ˻ƿŽģִĲۣҶֻһƽˣע⣬Ҫݺ£ΪеĽ㣬ֻͷ𣬲˵ģֻ˵ڵݣһ书߽ʵ̫򵥡ֻƽˣƽӡ̫ۣѾڡ
ҶүϺҶоصҶеջ˵սţ̷ԸˣˣϺҶоûҵκ˲̽ؽƫȥѷ鷿ң
õϢռ໳ҶԲߡ
ô໳һɫ֮ɫҶүôͻȻףǲ໳ĶĲã
ϵʹͷӡŮƸһǾǵ׸һǽңҶһĶţԼǰģһǽĺ֮㣬֮šΪĸףʵѡŷش
ʵǸ⡣Ҷүھε˵ҶоѾͷ£ϣҪ޸ĸȥףû뵽˰ɽׯׯˣǡȥǶ˻ȴׯУҪѡΪϱһѾ˼ңַ˲ϣ˵ˣǼ˱ˣ˭˭Ļֻû㡣
ַģ໳ȥ໳е˵໳˵¡
סܷջҶү˵
ǺμҵĲҵ໳˿ܵܣͺμҴӵĹϵһֱͨȥܷջǷЩ
δ˵ܷջѱɽׯƽ˸ȥɫص˵ңɽׯ볯͢ɽׯׯǰٶŵˣֻ˵Ҳǰ˵Ȼַ˿ҶãҪ֣ûпܵ¡
Ǿ鷢չȥɣ໳˵СǸŮӣ˰ɽׯζգһŮ뽭ʿһ˵ͬ־ϣһ
ʵҲǳ֪Ӧ˵ĽǣȥǷнİ취
ҺȥջǷнİ취ȲҪż񣬱Ͼӽ£ȻǽʿҲǲͳ͢Եģǹ˼ӣӦûһϣ໳οҶүȴβסһĽ̬֮ʧȥյƽͳȣǲУЩ취
ðɣһҪСġҶүַ֪Ǹյˣ໳ԿҪСġ
 
                  
18
ʱҶȥԷţҶǲԣһǾʳ顣ЩŮէٶţõİ취ǿֻɱȻǾʳƺķӦţҶҲ˲δǺȰвȥǰ
ҶַȥǰԷ
ҶڷŴľɫʱĸоɢɢģ໳ڿջǰ治ԶŮӽ棬ȴڣȥ
Ȼ飬ղ̬ͬһǷǳżҶмָжȻܼ޲ˣ˱ţĵģҲҸɡʵҲ֪Լϲ໳СǣäĿĳ໳Լ޲ɣ˵Ҹ
˵Ҷͷ΢΢һЦ˵֪ˣȥ
һ㶣û뵽Ҷ̬ȣûбڴ˵ŭͺ£̬ȺĺܣֻȻóľ롣
¥ǰ棬ַˡϣĪ¶ڣַ˵˸λӣԱǶַ˵һϣ
˶ûκεı飬ַָָֻԵλӣ˵ɡ
Ҷ߹ȥ׼Ҫ£΢Լһ˿ôУ΢΢һ£ж˶٣ƺǲý΢΢Ӳſλá
ְϷϸеʱǸʱϣϷˣΣÿζСˤڵϣǱȴԲˤڵϣװֻһӣȻ¡
Īһ㶣ЩɵĿҶȴֻҶһŰȻݣκβӦò֪ԼղƿһЩ룬ԭҪˤڵϵǱģ
ȻһҪϣȢѾͷǾһҪϣĿɣΪʲôʧأѵ˰ַˣٿϣûκεı֪߲˴¡ѵԼʧˣ
ٷÿ˶Ե˼ӣҶȴԵúǰģαأѾˣԼ
ϵʱռҪȥ֪𣿡ַͻȻҶҶİ˵ĲҶӦóԲ˯ŲŶԡһٸС㣬ͻȻǿȵļ޸ˣôƽ͵Ȼ
Ҷ¿еʳȵûʳ˵֪վڴǰˣ˺ǹǾֻˣֻֻؼȥİ취
ϣ֪ΪǺһ£˺üҶЦЦ벻Ц̲ס̲ס˵Ҷô˵þ͸һϵҲûеӣ
ʳԡԷҶ˵ͷԼķĺеһж޹һ㡣
ϣһ˿֮ɫŮǺ˼Ȣһơ
ռҵĴ÷𣿡ͻȻʡ
ҶһԣĳԼĶϵķûԺãһӵ£ɲʱٳһӵ⡣
㣬𣿡Ī²˵ʣе꣬ŭ˵
ҶȻ¿еķȵûзˣŷ꣬˵ڳԷٳ⡣α˴ҲַеĶϱѡںԭ㾴ŰɽׯδİɽׯٷҲӦмòɣڶŹȵ۵ͷˣŭҲ١
㣡Ѿͷ͡ĪˣһС˵٩衣
¡ַͻȻֹ˵Ҷ˵òȷʵеδĶϱѡǵسҶүŮûò
ϣЦЦĳԼķ벻ΪʲôĸϲȴƫƫҪȢҶǣ˵ԼҲֵĻ񲢲ĸ׵ľ
һٷԵĪһӵĻǿԼŮίı飬ۣȻԼ治˵ʲôͷǧٱ顣
ҶĪ⣬ҪΪɽׯׯġ̲סĪ¿˿ڣ˵ֻ»ƻԼңҲԼŮίƾʲôһ۸ԼŮΪϣӣȻнĴ㣬ҲɣҶˣҲҪ޵ͦˣ
ҶĺܡҶ飬òо룬ֵĵȴңɼľ롣ɽׯǽһׯ۾ţַ˺ׯǵǶŹȢҲֻҶݵλ档αؼһʱֻµʱ㲻ᣬַҲöŹȡַ֮ˣ
Īһ㶣Ϊ˲пʵҶ˵˵κȷʵҪҶҶȴЩָ̣оͺҶᣬȴǳЦӯӯѵΪǸҵĹ㣬ԼǱʲô֪ԭ
²͸ǰŮӡ侲ʲô
ܴĪֻܾƽ˵仰
 
                  
19
ҶЦЦЩΣﱯȻԼһգõļʱΣЩǷִִʱաõļ̹ȻľǸʱϣһʱϷĶ𣿿ڣһУʱϣϲȻһ˵Ĺ
ԼԶֻǸǡͺִԶϣǳЦĶһʱҲֻһ޹صǣΣһΪַѡһ䲻ɸ˵ԭ˵ˣֻõļֵܰҲϣҪһϣıŮˣԶ̨ܵǰ
ޱҶĻش۾Щʪĵͷ˵
ϣԹҶһȥҶδĸַһ˵ģ̸һϲɺص£ǹ¹죬ƸԼҶļױ鷳ҶүǽŮһУ˰ɡ
СҶ˵ҪҼޣҪļޣƸ񲻿٣ױҲ٣ȻҪҼɽׯݲԺ£ׯҪȢҪȢ
Ҫ̸ַ˵Ȼ֪Ȣ㲻ΪĳĿģͲҪΪӴ˺ǰɽׯׯˣʱҶҪ
Ժ¡Ҷã˵ȴ˵ʹҵĸĸòڻռңβҶׯޣҲҶҪŮɽׯȻ˵ˣҲΪһĿĶڵұĳ룬ɱҲڴʱҵڴʱԺΣҼˣҾǰɽׯׯˡ
㣡ǲС㣬Īº޺޵˵
ŷˣҶںδĸ̸㲻ˣ벻Ҫ˵ЩʹԵĻҶ˵Ȼߣһ
áϣһЦͻȻ˵ãϣͷȢţԺȻʣҲԸ
лˡҶ˵ϵıȻǷƵѾǲ
ַ˿һϣûпҲĬˡվԺҪŮӣǾЩ統ԼЩ¡Щֻ࣬Ӳ¡
ַ˲ĪƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴĿ˻ȥһãȻ۾ﺬᣬҲǲҲǣίţǰ귢֮ƺʱɳ
һۣĪ̾˿ѾͷϾԼСģǸĺӣǣǰ浥Ըôܿùܵķأ
³ɣ⺢һҪҶΪϣΨһ
ϣ˵
ΪˣгϺգʽƸҶƸҶүҲпɼ䱦ֵֻǣҶүӡ
˲֪˲ҶүĶŮҶҪ޸ɽׯׯǸӢε֮һῡϣׯ
ռѡ˳ĬȻǾ׸ǺͰɽׯܹǵЩңԷǽˣˣֻȫðңҶүھΣŮҶռңҲЩ
˻ּ˳
໳ƽҶȴǹ뷿ϲ
ҶүίŮԲױǼֵ֮ֻ޲Ůǣǲ÷Ҳʳǡ
ֻǣҹȴ̲סݺᣬǲ֪ϣǰŮֻΪĳĿģ֪Ҳֻ֪ǿŮۣҪΪһƷ
Ϊ͢سȴ޷ȵŮĽͱϵЩҲ֪Σֻǣĸ˲Ǽޣĸ˲أŮˣҲֻע׹治ʼϾ֪ŮһһҪ뿪Լɾһ⡣ԣߣϷ̹Ȼܡ
ҶһֱڿջϣԸ˿ţ뿪ջ벽ҪСտҶԭؼҿȻˣҲˣմڷڿ飬˳Է㲻ſڣϣκ˿ʡ鷳
Ҳ֪ΣĪºͶȻһ뿪˿ջ˰ɽׯĪҲ¶棬ӵУʱҴҼ
ǰһҹϣͻȻҶؼңڼҴһϣһͻߡ
棬СһС㡱Ҷһ뷿ɾʱģɾ򵥣ʮϤĸоеʱȫ䡣ϸ˼վֶЩ
Ѿʦ𣬿ɣʦչسȻǲԼȥ϶Ҫġ
ҹˣҶ޷ʦ׼ĸκ˴Ϊֻǰһðⷴ뿪
ȴһӰһֱҶоסķȥԼһɵǶˣЩϤҶһ㶣·ϵҶоĹ뷿վϤЩ
 
                  
20
Ҷоһ˶ڷ޵ľԼϲϣΪȴҶ
ûϢܽ𣿡˵ɴԼ壬ޣֻҲﲻ㡣
㣬㣬ʲôˣҶоµʡ
˭Ҫ̫Ĳмŵʹѡ㣬ҪΪͽܣǼҲ޲ĸ֣õĺܡ
øͷҶо޺޵ʱͷϣȻҲ˲ԼСݡ
ƺЩ⣬һ£˵ҼҪΪͽ㲻ϲׯֻϧַ˿еĽ㣬ǣҼѧգҪȡ֮Ӧò¡
ѧգҶоһ£˵ȥѧЩǲѧĶЩôҿѧĶ
ЦһЩһѧĶҲ𣿼ֱǿЦ治֪Ҽ˵׿ĵ㣬Ҫѧգ
ðɣҿǿǡҶо鲻Ը˵
žһƴҶоϣ˵ѧҲѧѧҲѧЩӣҼ˻ɸ˹ū澵ڸѧգǸ˾ʱʦ
ҶڰӰУĿ뿪
صӦǲȴʼûзߵҶȻҶǵһ͵̸ȷеĽǵڶΣһ͵ϣ˵ȴϣ֣һΣȻȻ֮ȴûб֡
Ī¾Ȼ뵽ҪҶоΪͽȻԸĪѹֻǰٶŵţȴţʵΪ̫ס̫׳嶯
뿪Ĵţһ۾Ϳⲻ״վˣͬſջһʵ˲롣ҹɫһ˲ĹظУ˺ܲ
Ҷ̾˿ǻΪ͵͵ôܣܲʣǣлĸĸŵκΣȴݲκ˺ǣһҪǺõĻţ½Ϊ˸лǸֵʮ⾰
㿪ǣĵȥ˵ҲûпܣֻҪͳɡһҪʦ½͡
ŰɫҶĵĶ㿪˵Ѿһ˵Ĵϡ
Զ˸߸裬룬տ
໳
СҶǵһοʧ̬ڿһ˵ĴϣŲģļѣݳտ񣬸Ǹضׯ໳һƹռҲҵ໳
밵ӰҶ֪ҪνԼѡвѣɻһ˵˽ġΪϣǸѹѡµЩ
໳һݵھΡ
磬ҪˣѾˡȰóҲԼ⣬Ȼ˵ûüۼѾеıãȻ
ߣ˸ã˾Ͳôл߲໳˵ҡҡλεģ˵õǺֻܻڻ飬Ҷҡֻ֪Сôٷŵ±ˣҶֵΣôзСȴӵűŮˣСǸŮӣСǸĵ۵Ůӣôֽܹ˵
磬ˣαѹˣ˵ǸϣҶҲܺõġӲͷƤ˵ȰοĻ˵ԼҲǿźġ
ǸϣǸʲôĶ㲻ҪΪҲǸˣͲ֪ڽϣ˳ݺļһĺմǲݣС䵽ôкӿɹ໳˵ȴŲܰô֪еʹ
ô֪޺޵˵һصǼĵһŮӾôĸɾô񾲣ôҶģȴδĴɩҲ˺ޣ޲ôжȥɣΣҪ޸ϣΣ
໳㶵ĿԼĵܵܡ
񱯰˵㵱ҲۣżֻǣҪ޸ϣһǲѵģһǲܵ˺ٶǸʲôɣ㲻֪ȴ֪ǽѲ񶾵ɣޣΪٶʹߵַˣģһҶҺռвŲòޡΣ㵽˵˵ǵ׿Σ
໳ŵܵܣҭɤ޷³
ȢҶҲȻҸ񵭵˵ҶҲҶŮ˵ˣԸƽ˳ӣȢˣҲĲһáңɢˣԸţܹҸҲͰҸһʱ򣬰Ĵ뿪֮󣬺δܿҵҸĵطĹһ
񡪡໳ЦĿԼĵܵܣû뵽оȻ뷨ϧҲ㣬㣬ã
ֵܶ˽нԶҶһ⣬ḧŷѾʪաǣңҲҸ
ҪǰУȴͻȻɫе⣬žʱѾ°ҹ˵ʱ䣬ֻȥʦϣӣڼңҪӦ
ԥֻܷԼ޸ϣѾ÷зʦȻ˵𣬶ңϣǰɽׯׯȢϵô֪ܲأǰȥ֮ʦҲһá
ֻ˿οԼȻķҶ
 
                  
21
Һû˷֣ȻüСһᣬ÷ҵȶһ޷Ԥǰ;Ҫζȹ
һҹߣЩ뵡
ȵˮУƣ̾веĲͲֻϣʱӴͣסĲһֱעֻϣſ԰ĹƽӡһˣһƽҸӡ񣬺һӵ˷ͷ˼֮ϣҪҲ˲
ѵִʱϣ˺һҲҪΪ
ǣڵϣȷʵִϣȫ޹ϵǰֻһĪĴԽִܵĪĵطôˣʮʱ䣬ȻǷŲǸӣסԼ
峿ķ磬΢΢ĴҶļµ
Ҷүϣزסƣ͵ģԼŮͣһһߵĸŷòʶսȭͷָ׵ĺǶС
Ҷһϲ£ůůĺ졣
ҶҲԼΪʲôҪѡɫ·ϣģƯϴϲֺôĿһ˵ĹΧľ֪롣
˿磬ף֮ġϣĿҶһһԼÿһ·ҪþȫſԣͻȻЩĪۡ
һû⣬ȴԼˣѹŮӣΪλʵƴֿΪѹ¡
ֻǣ˽ɣ֪ԼȴһҪȢţ·ŲŰġԸᣬȻĪѹ
ҶͣеñϺɴϼΡǣΪŮ˵Ŀʼ
ĸĿˮ븸ĸϣĸߵİһЩ֪ѹ޵ȥɣΣ
Ӳĳ΢΢һ̧ͷˮȥԿޣѹģ룬ڴʱĸԿüʱ򣬲ᡣ
ǰУüѹʯ·ϵ죬ʧˣįĸо͸ġڣڣҶ£ú޹˼ɣմʪȹ
Ҿ˲𣿡ϣʡ
Ҷᣬϣôһ˵Ҷί͸ӵԣ̲ס޳ϣЩŭ߳ţҶҶ̲ס˳ʵԼҲ֪Լίʲô
ִʱΪϣ޹ΪΣռһƵˣҲίĿ޲
Ҫˣ⴫ϣ
֪ˡҶ˵ˮȴ̲סֻû˿ֻӲӲɤãȻᡣ
ĺƣҶЩ֧ټһֱƽȻеǰУִʱҶ״˯ϰߣƣ֮£׾˯ˡʼǿţ˯ˡ
ϣţٵǰУֱߵķ羰һҵҶ˵ܣ֪ΪʲôŮ˵ıĪѹ
ʼʱõҶĿǳһҶȻӲջ˿ȻĿ֮ȴоõĵѹȻˡ
ƿӣȴҶ˯ˡ
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ϣҶ˯ģ΢˫üϵϧ֮⣬̲סȥ硣
ĸѡʵֻҪΪҶүŮݣΪԺҸʵĶܣڲΪע½СеĲȫ޹ŮϣΪǻϸǰ購Ů
Ҷƺ˯òȣʲôΣ³֣ϣʶĲԼüǡϣΪʲôҪңǲңοң
ϣһ㶣ȴҶ۽ǾϵıãȻЩģ΢΢һ£ӵڣƺǺ䡣
СϣԵĻһ
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ҶԼĶ䣬޷Ƶ˳ΪʲôҪѵʱҲӲʱǸϣҲ棬ӵһŮӣһһֱΪԼѵŮӣȴԭֻǴҵһЦ
ֻϷΪʲôҪѡϷˣأ
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22
ƿϵϣ§һİŮӣֻǸ棬ȴѾü֡еƺѾϰΪվţδݳҲվһߣš
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֪ϣ˴ߴ֮⣬һ˻ǰСһ㶣Ѿɳ۶
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23
ڽжĺ֪Ҷʣѹ㲻ǿǰһϣ㣬㣬ȴǡ
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24
ڳԴסϣ٩ΪһֱУԽ翴ҵʱһ䵭ǲǣ˵ţǰůůϢߺҶ
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25
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26
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Ǹһ˲ļڣǸѧУѧУи˧˧ѧУעĿãĸʦסűű緢ģ
ͽϣ˳˧˧ģһɼãŮˡ
ˣãϣ΢ЦſǰŮ
ԼʮգǴģԼĵʮ˸СṲ̊صİ
ǣŮ
ģ۾һССģҲüĿĲᣬͷϻŲûõЦݣУ԰·ţԾһСݣȻôۣҲᡣ
 
                  
27
ҶȵĿǰ˧˧Щ⣬֪ѧУ˧ģһŮŵ
Իվһ൱ƯŮһĿɰ۾ˮģĽëϺţ촽ĺˮ˿ŶΣͷľĴڼ󣬴һƯȹӣɡһſš
ûдУ̫Ư
áҶ΢΢Ӧ۾ǰЩ˼ЦˣоŮǼʵ۹Ҫˡ
ϣϴº͵΢ЦҶò˵ʲô֣
ҶҶЩߣ̫ϰߺ۵˵ͬУŮǼʵ۹¡
վ꣬ڵˡҶãô󣬵һ˺
ҶϣЦЦº͵˵֣ҿԽС𣿡
ҶĲ֪ˣϣΪζ֮ãæĵ˵ͷһξԼ˵˳ٲĸеĺСʱǰˡ
õģСҵŮ𣿡ϣ˵һϷı顣
ҶԼҪεˣģ
Ѿͷôˣϣ⣬Ҷļ磬Цʣ귢ʲôѽ
ҶͻȻľѣӻصʵϣ΢΢Щ棬㣬һʱЩĪĻ㱣ֲͼ٣ǰˣǸˡ
ԼȴҲͬΪ˰飬ֻΪĳĿģȻеﶼ˵ҲֲеȻ
Ѿͷôˣ˭۸ˣϣҶоȻᣬŮӲ̫ԱͨǳĬģʲôҲ˵̵̣Īʹ
ҶҡҡͷŬ΢Цһ£̧Ҫȥ۽ǵᡣ
ϣȴ뻳ž⣬ͷȥ
ҶãȻüϣĵӲվţģ֪ġ
ǸʱϣҲ׹ȴѵˮһ¡ʱȴιȥ
ԼĳãȻĽ˳ȥȴ侲ѾνġϣȢֻΪĳĿ𣿾˵ϲҲΪʡ
գõļϲƺ
ѾͷҵģԶϣһ˵ġϣ̧ͷҶ⣬һ˫۾ȴ峺ֻҪڣԲܵκεί
ڹսǴ꣬ˣǵԼ
ϣҶصڣ޷˷ǳϸģʰһɾķӣһƷµģǱ죬ŵĲ㣬ϸܡ
ҶЩţ֪ӦĿǰ״ûγΪϣӡȻȴԸ׵ĽԼУ
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Ҷĳ˿ȴҷϣ˵ɬȻ⣬ˣ
Ȼ洫ӵƥ˻֮ԼԼĺ֮
ű͵ƿï˽˵ֵܣղйһƥ˳ȥ꣬ɽ·ʪ׳£ҿóйáɽկñӳ˼ûס㿴δã
ȥϣһüͷɿӵҶĸ첲мŭʣǲİ֣
Ӧûѡȥƥͳ˳ȥɽկ˷֣Ѿɽկܵ档ɽկƸӣһңֻ»£ï˵
֪ˣͳȥַ磬ϣˮ⺰һïһͬߡ
ҶվǣúǶࡣ
ߵſڣϣͻȻʲôתҶº͵˵ԼϢɣȥȥͻء
ҶЩɵĵ˵ͷ
ïƺҲŷԼðʧϣӵ棬ϣΪһŮ˱ЩΣ˼ĳҶЦЦһãҲЪŰɣֵȥɽկɽƸӣйҲ·
Ҷż͵ģ̲סЦЦ뵽ʱЦƺЩʣӲס΢Цֻ˵ͷСЩ
ϣҶһЦתҴ뿪
Ӵڿżƥɳ۶˲伴ţûڷ굱С
ҶЩǸŮϲϣֻԵ޸Ȣ˱ŮӣűŮӣǻһŮӣжʹ
ЩˣҶϨ򣬺ɵϣԺ˯ˣԼü꽻ӣԽԽ
֪˶ã֮Ҷ̴Ӵܵǰ̽ͷ濴ȥüԺƻͨһȺ˴ҴҸ˻
ϣбһˣҶЩ԰׵˫۽գϣĻС
 
                  
28
֪룬Ҷ̲ס룬ϣܹǰصǵķУͻ᳢ŽˣûлǾ˵ȻֻǵǸ͡
ͻȻƽ
ԼҲΪʲô
ïûаסϣҶķ丽ǱȽԶһҶΣֻ֪һֱϣҲû¶档
һҹδͣ峿Ȼڶϣ֪ʲô״ʹôҺҶĴڣһֱҶԼ߳ţֵܶû뵽Ҫźϴ
תһȣԼ˵Ҷһһɽ棬пôպסΣɽɽʯ˸ע⵽ɽɽʯˡ
Ӧ޷˵ѹ˵»ҪҶ֪ˣֻǡ
ֻҪ㲻˵Ҷﲻ֪£˵ʱҲǲѣǶ˵ĹϵӦòΪһï
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ϾֵѾȢҶΪҶ֪һġ޷Щѹ˵
ï̾˿͵͵˵ҲãֵȢҶҲΪҶǵϸǰسҶүĶŮôȫĸȢѾ飬ġ
ѽǲϧǸҶѩʵǼõģֵߵЩŮ˵ǶҪΣ޷һԹţһ߸ïӼɽԱ߹
ѽͷʶ̡Ҳǲãֵï̾˿нԶֻԼüһ֣ݡ⡪һ졪
ҶһֱȵԶˣĵ˳
˳ȼǰߣת䣬ǰһɾķӣſţϣô˳һū˵ʰ´̣źй
ţûϴЩ뵡ûпһԵҶ˵꣬ת˽ȥ
ū澶һˮū˵ֹϸģչһ粽룬Ҳй
йҲǵģϾǸĹңôǰġ졣һū˵ˮߡ
СЩֹˣҪջģûߵʱ򲻿ֹӵķ֪飬ǶΣǺ£ֻҪźйͳˡǰūСĳ￴˿Ŷˮūһ˷
Ҷ˼һ£ܷʲôأʹСıܻŲ֪
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Ҷԭѽһ޷ңпͤҶ˹кһ
Ҷת޷ˣº͵˵ˣ£⴦ͤӽȤ͹Žǲ˼αؾţܵȥ
޷Щ˼ЦЦε˵ҴˣѾͷչ㣬ͻȻʧ񡣡
ҶһЦҡҡͷɽկڶ࣬¡йһ𣿽绹ûأӦû°ɣ
ޣܺãû£ֻЩ꣬ЩïֵŴտ޷΢Ц˵ͷЩոպԼɷոմͤ߹ûпҶôһ⣬ոգȥ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵
޷ӻɣɣôҶҲһƽˮʲôºͲ΢ЦҲǵģԶԶģͺŵ꣬ңԶ
ֵ𣿡޷˿˵ȴͻȻʵʵ޴
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һʱ֮䣬˶û˵ЩĪѿ
Һôʱū澹ȥ緹޷˲žܵĻָҶ΢ЦʣǶ˰ɣȥǰԷɡ޴ֵѾȥˡ
ҶǳЦͷͷȴģվԼֻǸˡ
ԶԶĿϣĺһɫ԰ȴһҸȫΡ
޷̿ҶȴֻҶ񣬺΢ͱںȴ޷һԼľȻҪᡣ
Ůӣ˵̡
йҲСͺֵʶ޷˲ģĽͣ˵أֵҲǳһƬҲ֣˵ţͣ˿ڣԼʲô£ȰҶ˼Ҷ֪ȤóλӸ
֪Ҷ˵Լ̾һĿӶƿ޷˵һЦЦЩǳǳˣʱַ֪ҡ
 
                  
29
޷һ㶣Ҫ˵ʲôȴҶߵԣ£ûκεı飬ϣûע⵽Ҷ޷һЦ˵Ӵֵܣй
ϣ£ɿϣ֣ԹĿϣϣ֣º͵˵õģû£ҾԱš
ãӵΣాĿɺã޷æŲ濪⣬Թϣ̫רϣǸмҲӦõ˴ʱҶĴڡ
лл㡣Ҷ΢Ц˵֪޷ΣлϸģԴʼºϸ塣
ллҲͬʱӦһ
޷ЩĿǰŮӣǺҶ˵û뵽ȻΪںԼ˵һʱ֮䵽֪˵
ҶϣſһߵҶԼϵǳЦ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴУһ£ְ̾˿ҶĮȻı鼫ܴ죬ϲŮܾҲޱ顣ֻ˵ˣҹ˯ú𣿡
ϣò侲ҶǾԼ˵Ȥ̧ˣȴ˵ллҹ˯üãһйɺã
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ϣͻȻгԼ֣߽Ҷм£ϴº͵ЦսҶĶ䣬ĶѾͷҼǺˣҵˣҵˣҵˣл໳ˣĪĺ
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ï໥һۣһãȻϣӲԼͷǰķҩһʡ
ǰ޷Ҷ֣һߣ˵ãо仰˵㣬ĵļǰɽׯǸԻ֮Ǹٻ¼ҵǧС㣬ֻҲҪЩίɽկĶẔֵ́ܵãСһ𳤴ҲַΪǵŮӣֻȥˣҪЩɫУй㡪ĪϣЩ£ʱһʱҲ˵塣죬Һ޴ҲҪȥɽׯʱǽ˵Щ强
Ҷĵ˵ͷԭֻ徲ĹӣȴŪһȤĺܡ
ûϣã޸໳һƽҸӡһָĸ֮ý֮Եƽӣ໳Сʶģһֱá
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ǰ;Σ֪ȴۣҪӱܡ
飬ֻװӣǸϣҲӣǰһŮࡣǸһƯŮӣǸѧУϲƯŮ
ݺݵҡҡͷҶŬҪʱĳǸѡɱĳǸգǸϽҴصףǸ޲󶴵Ĵ𰸡
һɵޣҶʶһ£̾òԣڸ·ô۵ʢĻ㣬ģˡ
һԣסЩҲ̫Сˣ浱޸֮ǧС𣿵װ˹ȥ뿴˵Ϊʲô
ʲô˿ϣƤ¶ʲôϣҲᶪ
һӰһ복ڣҶĶ棬ǹɵʵˣľǴʢĻϢµòӦǸŮġůϢɢľ뵡֮·ʵ
Ǹģ˵ǸŮӣüĿɾºͳѹϣСӻ϶˼ƯװΣСġ
оָζԼƤϣᵽָϵĶޢҶȻס
ҶĴţֻǿϧ忡ݡǣΪҲֻÿϧˡ
 
                  
30
ָ׸ոմҶƤҪȴһ˿ǲĸоĳһѨλϣģʵȴãǣоЩ̧ͷһ΢Цİݡº͵Ŀ
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㣬㡪һľ֣㣬ôôܻ书㣬ѵ㲻Ҷǧ𣿡
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Ҫĺ£֪Ҷγֵģζùϵģϵǿģû˿ԶùҶζȥģγֵѨλģ㲻Ҫ
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ҪұſڣȤĺܡҶĿװ˵ˣԽԽɡ
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31
뵽⣬ҶͻȻÿһЩҲ˵үү̾סĵطǰ
ٹ죬ͿԵɽׯϣ֪ʱͻȻ֣ǰ棬΢Ц˵
ǧԣϢǸ·۵糸ģȻ˶·
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ҶͷҲ΢Цţͷûл֣̿ʮ߰ͣο̹ȻֻŬñϿƽҶҶүֵ̣û꣬͢ƽ֮ԣεҲòô⡣
ֻǣμŸǰ׿ڶ̣֮֮ûйȥĿΣԲԼ̣Ҷүһš
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Ҳһº͵Ҷǳէ۸˼ңǰҪˮ·ݴһҪССġ
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32
ַ˵߿ҶūͼǰУһӰԣϹŵ΢ҡɫˡҪ˴ܵǸϣסĵط
ϣûиţҪȰй˼ǰУūСĲ
Ҷ˼⣬񲢲ǵһӶʱĮȻı飬ԼԸղŲ䲻ȵĻͿ֪˴ΣҾԲܶӭֲòܵһˡ
˴ǸڶʮҵӣõҲüĿ㣬ǿҶЩֵֹġ
ļƽȣ΢΢ϸ磬ţƮ˿˿գҶ
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˺룬ͻȻһΣվڴͷΧ羰ҶһʱСģһӵ˺ˮУϵĴţѽٷ˵ˮ
Ҷջԭ˳ѻ𣬻ϷŪǿɶƽȵĺˮôܴζԼһʱˮأȻǣЩūͳԣҲҡ۸
ţҶһͷˮУ϶ʱûĺۼִһӾĺ֣үүסһǼ꣬켸ˮУˮбþá
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죬ѽٷˣٷˣŵ˵һͷˮУŵȶˣҪҶʲô£ҲͲҪˡ֪ŹķԸˣǳ³ǺڵҪȿˮǺ
ĴûҶӰһˮǺɤһӰԴ̽˳ɫŵĴѽȣȣѽ٣ٷˣģȣȣȣȣĲˣ졪ѽЩˣ˿
üҺĵеĲͿֻ̣Ϊˡ
ʵڣһúõġ
վƽϣźϻҵһƬ
ƾʲôֻǿ۸úõ׽Ūһǣ
΢΢һЦ̫įΪβЩԼ˳룬ΪŰɽׯΪ֪Ŀģƾʲô͸
ŲҪ
ϵ·ʪʪġոһӴλε˰ϣϣķǳĵطԺҪþסĵط
紵мֺⲻҸطɾ·ںϷѰˣæһɡúõƫƫȤĺܡ
ǵˣ֪ô£ҶĶȥˣˮ嵽δȥô᲻أϣ֪ˣһ
ǸĻ⣬ɵͬ⡣˭ǸСǰϲɽׯ˶δٷˣͻȻðһҶѾͷȻӭ
ǣʲô£
ʲô£ϣҴҸŶ³һŵĴ򣬳ʵҶأ
ȥˡᣬͰ͵˵ָƽ޲ĺ棬ɫ԰׵˵ūŲ֪ôˮͲˡūţūŸղȥˣûûУٷ˵Ӱӡ
ˮԺõȥңӾһʶˮԣȻ̾ͳȥˡУû𣿡ַʡ
ūţūҲ֣ٷˣкͻȻˡŻˣԼһȣˡ
ϣźˮҶǸŮӣҶУпӾĺοǸǧ𣬸ǲܻӾֻǵˮУ̾ͳˮ
ţϣԼԾˮУˮЩ⣬
ַһ㶣ϣԼȥʵ֮⣬һΪŮӣûи飬ûа⣬α⣬ƽĺˮϲˣֻǲó嵽Ķȥˡǣ֣ûļĺô˵ûоûأ
ɽׯˮԺõͳͳѰңһʱ֮䣬֮ϸַǷƻͨ硣
ҶĵĽ뵽˵صľҡ
ǸƯС滷ˮɽΧ̧ͷɼ繭ͷɼˮ续൱Ư
Ӵ˺Ҫþסĵطȴû˿ů
˵ٷ˵ȥˡиŮ˵ȫɽׯ˶ںѰңׯҲˮѰң֪ܲҵ
һҲ˵ԭΪǶŹǵٷˣû뵽ǸҶǧŹﲻֵôƯɰһС㣬ôһŮӡҪŹúõĳúõҶѾͷ
ЩǰһŮȰ衣
ѩ㣬ĴŮС˵ǸҶŮǸǧ𣬶ǸԵŮӣˣ֪ҪεĳͷǡαضĴ⡣
ѽǲ䡣ѩŮЦЦ˵Ҳ˵Ǹ׵ŮӡɽׯʱǱŵ˵ǸƯ׵Ůӡ
Сʲô۹⣬ֻǸŮӾҪƯġŮ˵
 
                  
33
ҶƮƮĵ˵ѹҪȿǣԭδ̸ҡ˵˵ҪζԸҡ
ͬʱ̧ͷԼ£иӰϻЩˮͷٴʣϸڰĹзĽɫ֮󣬡㣬㣬ǹ
벻ҶӾ˺Ϣĳ֣ΪԼ˹
˵أҶ֪ǲ֪书ֻ֪ǧ΢ЩṦӰӿЩƮƮģôʵɽׯ˿϶书ǣվ֮ϣҲͬһɣȻᱻԣֵǣԼƢԺ¡
ѩͻȻ֣׽ҶȴһҶԭδԼȴҶվλĪܵһߡ
ѩ㣬ǹɣ㣬ôܴдһŮŵɫףҲ
ҶͻȻüȤԭ书ɱˣҲ׽ŪˣȤзʵյṦ򵥵һУֻ˲˴Լζ֮һյдէһΪǴд
ŮӾŵݣǾú档ϾֻǸʮ߰ͣͯδšִǹŴֻʮ߰ꡣ
أ龰֪ΪΣоȻࡣЩºαزϷ£ϣȢΪ˰飬αΪϣΪģһ˺Ƶֵ̬ͬ˶ѡ
Ϊʵڲֵ
ѩҲ֪ղŷʲôֻǾĪһ·ӱˮдһ㣬˵Ŀֲٷ˲Ǹոˮеѵĳ˹ɣǲǣΪδһ˲䣬ˮеĸо
ڰɽׯÿ˶书ҲߣĲΪҶǸˣṦҲӦÿиоոգ˾Щûʲôо
Źôֵ˶ԸңҶ΢΢һЦϾҹߡ
ǣһЦȴǰŮӿ־壬ЦĶˣӣҹɫиǲʵƺͬƮƮģ˵˻߹
ųģ鷳ȥΪ׼ЩˮҺúõϴˮ裬ҲͿԻҶ˵̧߽УſڣͻȻͷ˵ǵӣĪҪջ£Ǻϵˣʱֻǻæţæһɡ
ѩɵɵĵ˵ͷ֪˵ʲôźáŸղǸūһȥ׼ˮ˵ĶûˣֻŸϿͷ£źáǸٷˣô˵֣
ƽȴһ޷Խľ롣
ðˮУˣҶͻȻͷǳ죬ˮϸĻ꣬ڵ̲ס΢΢һЦ龰Ҷġ
ͻȻһִʱһͯ˵ĻɽҿԣӴ··ƣ
仰Ӧɽú԰ɣ񣬷ڴʱľǲ֡
ˣҶ̲סһЦЦ紺á
һЦѩһ֪ΪζЦԽЦԽǾòǸˣǸꡣٷˣʲôԸ𣿡
Ҷһü΢΢һЦ˵ֻҪǵĪҪ˵˳̾ͺãһңһξͻǱ˵ˡ
ѩͽһԣվţӵҶﰵԽп࣬޲ñԼһ١
е˼æһҹɽׯǵһҹе˶ƣˣĶԸˣ϶Լˡ
ٷ˵ȥˣúõģֲļôͲأƶûУ˵Ͳˣǻˡƾʧ𣿣
峿ĳɫɽ˵ӵĴҶԾ衣ʵе
ϣĴѰңͳͳˣͷɥĸϣĺ棬ȶġӣɱҰɡ
ϣĿǰ棬˵Ҳ˼⣬ҶܵĶȥúõģôܾͻȻʧأļֻǼǳˮףҲӦÿҵʬѽôʲôҲҲбͻȻʧ
˭ģϣ˵ô꣬ϲĻ͵
˵Ƕָʾģ˵˵Ҳαضۡ޹ĶŹôһŮӣôΪһ˺ɰأҲϲˣ˵ˣҲСЩʱˣԼˣ粻˵
ϣЩջˣҲµ¿϶ɽׯĳЩйأҲ˵
ӣӣţǰƺǿɤУ²˵żǻ
ϣЩ̧֣ͷǰһƬС֣⡢⣬żƮҶûʲô֮˿˻ţ
 
                  
34
ͷðôܣüȴǸٷˡһϮ£˿Լ΢Ц·ǰԶǧ֮⡣ɣɣΪʲôȴܿ۾ļޡӰȴƺԼľǰĳ
ԸоŮӵ¶ȣȴ޷ʵİա
һ̧ͷһӰ΢ЦſƺʣΪ˺ңˮ
ңǶŹҪңҲ⺦ģǣԲǡҪˣǸ书ˣȴȷǹˣֻҪŻŻ㡣ûҪ˼
ϣЩĿźԼӣǸˣĺˣûʲôۡһĺգɴ˶֣νǧ˳ԼĲôͻȻˣ
ô
ɵĿϣ˵ǣٷˣҿˣΪʲôҪ
ϣһ£̧ĴʲôҲûУֻ糿ʵĿ͸һҶݵĵ
Ҫɣϣ˵񲻼ʬҾͲѾˣǱˮ嵽ȥˣⷽԲ֮ضǰɽׯĵֻ̣ҪΧ֮ڣͻ¡
̵ͷ˵ǵģǵģٷ˼࣬һ£ӡ
Ѿ˿֮ˣ̧ÿҶӰպô߹ƺͷһЦ
ϣһüͷͷ˵㵽ôˣųģɣʲôˣֿǵٷ
ǵģӣĿˡЩˡ
ԼеöƺʹǱߵСﴫϣһѵǼȷʵҶʵҶˮȴӰҲŻɣ˵ˮԣҲӦжʱôˮоͲأǺˮҲڵء
ʩչṦСǣȿѩͽū澰վţ鿴ЩƺЩЩССϲá
Ȼ󣬿Ҷ
գ峿Ŀǰһм֪ΪʲôͻȻϣﾹȻҪȴ޺޵˵Ѿͷôˣ
Ǳˮ嵽ġҶеĵӡ
ϣһۺʱĿҶڴǰλŮӵ˻ǹӦòһ书ˣԣղſ϶ԼĴ
ЦЦϣ濪⣬º͵˵վҪУÿ˻ܶ࣬ЩϵѣʱҪ뿪
Ҷ˵ͷ
ٷˣԣԲңҲǹģǣǡЩͣҪ˵ʲô˵ģǻ
ʲôҶʣֻǲСģ˺ˮôأҺ󣬱ˮϰѩͽɶˣĪҪһȥɡ
ͷһҲٿԡ
Ϊβѩңϣ΢ЦʣҲЩ飬Ǵæһ
ҵҪ𣿡Ҷɰϣ
ϣһϣ֪ν˵ȥ
к𣿡Ҷ΢Цſźϸϸʡ
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ҿӴֻҪӣ´ٳҪأҶģûκε𱸣ȴľ룬ȥѰػǶŹ
Բ´ΣķӦѸٵģű֤ȫĲɡ
áҶŹٻ֮Сİѻ˵ϣЩĪľ⡣
֪Ҷû£ַ˰˿Ůӳ飬ļƻֻǺʵʩǵǧĺܣֻŮҶүǧ𣬶
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ٿҶ䱦ĸо˵գҶҲȷʵڶüĿ续ʸšţǸõóֵŮӡ
˵ʱ׹¾͵棬ôߵˤȥȻҺˣʵǸ˼¼
˵ĿԳȫԼļƻ
Ǹ󵨵ūţȻϷŪԼӡַˮź۽һһߵĶٳٷκεʧͲˣԸҸط徲ȥɣ
һԣͷ죬ЩԼĸԹĸϧ˳ϧ
㣬ԺĪƤ˴¡ַЦȴ𱸵˵ֻ´Ѳ˸ϵǸССӣ˵⣬ҡ
Щ⣬ͷġ
ҶĿһУͷͦ죬Щ˴һɽׯĴſʼͰˣֻ˻ûѾʼζԸȻˣҲֵ÷㡣
û֪书Ҳû뵽ԼӾϵģһĹٻŮʲô书ֻ󸣴
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ҪնǾҪñ㹳ƺķա
ҪúõģջһϣҪúõģðɽׯΪǵΪۣ
 
                  
35
ĪͻȻ˵㣬ҶǶһɽׯҲֿģҲûиɿչˣվҪл񣬲磬ǰȥչˡ£ױģҲЩ
ַ˿˿ԼãǻɣݺһĿģصǰٶóױŮӣҶӦǺܲѡ˼һ££ĪҲ̫ݣ˵ͷ˵ðɡ
ĪһЦҶ൱ϵ˵ҶǰɽׯٷˣյĻ཭ѾۻʱεǹϵɽׯǰٶóױŮӣʰǺʡ
ллҶһЦȴ˵Ǻģˮڣҿ㵽εĲ
һ˿ԥı飬˲伴ţС
صϣӵСҶ̰ѩеǰԸ˼䣬ýһͬ뿪Сȥ˱𴦡
ǰɽׯǳæµֻҶУڴǰŴҶƮڷģͷ͵ִ֡ˣԽŴԭռֱˣЩ˾ȻϷŪΪҶǸ޸֮ĹټС㲻ɣ
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ͭǰӰģģִĲƵϡǿԿһŮӣһ˫۾͸Ŀ⣬侲ĳﻮš
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ҶͷͷСɨһ£֬ˮҵһЩ˵ϣսŵĪһ㶣ѿ˵ôСģǺã
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Ҷһ޹ĿվſڵĪ£ʣЩ֬ˮѩȡҳõĹôһɽׯȻҲںô֬ˮۡ
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Ҫ򵥵ģǿóױĺۼĵٶóױŮҶ˵žеԼڼͷѩĸΪѡļùһߣȻҪ
УѾ·Īһ˵
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Īºݺݵ˵ڰɽׯȥ͵ҵĻųɣôĶġ
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浱ǰɽׯٷѽĪЦһ˵㲻Ǹӣһ죬㻹ǵλ
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ѩѾ׼õء
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Īպ޵һˤţȥ
ҶһЦĪ£Ҳ̫С˰ɣ浱ǸʲôҲĹټС
֪Щ֬ˮв˼٣ǹһЩʱ䣬ͻɫʧ棿ֻǣذ˸ģһᣬеʱ򣬻֪бһ
Ī¹Ǹɲ˴ļһ
Щ·ΪǸʮָմµŮӣһЩؼλԵɿĺۼڻйĶͻᵱࣿ
ǹɵġ
Щʵ£Ѿʧȥ˶˵Σ֪ٺõѣҲпԼ벻ʱ˺Լ
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36
׼׵𣿡ϣ񲻴ͦ㡣
Ѿ׼ˡ˵
õģȥǰɡѾˡϣԸ߽Ҷ˵һԸѩͽɴ粽룬ʹԼҲҪСЩҲǼݡ
Ҷ˵ͷȻݣƺ൱ɵģϲϣȴųıĺۼҪúõⳡԼҷԴ
ҪúõĻȥǹԼµõ
֪Լ˷䣬С·˺ӱߣ˴õĵȻϰ˰ɽׯǰ档Ȼõڵֿġ߼ġͳġϸġ
ͻȻرԼĸĸȻһգȻΪı֤ɣϾֻһʮ߰ŮӣﻹǾûңһ̣ĵۿתŬţȴ΢ĲҲ΢΢Щ£·ܽš
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Ȼǽ֮ϣЩػǺ;ûʲôġ
ǷģΨһͬǣϲھͱˣǰһݣһ˫۾Լᣬɰ˾ȻЩŮӣĪۡ
ϣͻȻѡ˵سŮΪޣⱾһ׮⣬ϵ˲²͸ԭʲôˣҲֻ룬ǾΪ˰ɡǰŮ˵ͷϧ
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Ҷҡҡͷ͵͵˵ǣֻͻȻԼĸĸ˵֣ȫǻϲҵĸĸȴ֪εϣǵԭһҪҳΪǵĳ룬ңһͨŮӣҪôѵΪǧң㣬㣬ȢңȻȫ밮޹ء
ϣ΢΢һ㶣֪˵
ҶеἸˣӲʻȥ΢ЦţҡҡͷҰ㣬Ϊ಻ϧҲ㣬ҲҿԿֵɡѹ
ѵ໳÷֮֮𣿡ϣʣȻ˲ʣ
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ϣȴȻһЦܹ۸㣬ҲһںѾͷͦںģֻ㲻֪ԸԹңҲùһǧ֮⡣
ҲӣǰңעѹҶ˵ʱվǰ˵һ̾ͻ֮ء֣ô棬ҲҪ£
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ϣȥӦǡĪֻŲࡣַЩ𱸵˵һҶû˵ʲô
ȥӦЩϵѡϣסҶ֣˸߲ҵ˵ϲš
Ź֡Ҷһ䣬ǰĸϣֵȺȥ
˶ı飬ҶЩ̣ı鿴ģǰĽ
ԼϲȢ˱Ůˣװί
뵽һ㣬Ҷȫԭ˺ˮ飬ҲԼҲЩ취ͷһԼҸŮˣǸʱִԼҲ޲ԼõѴӴʧԼǰԣҲֻ鵽Ϊ
ƱߵǶ˸ǰŬԼϴºףЦݣ˵ףϣҸ
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ûпһԵĪӦЩ񾭵ҩһŰ
ҶҪȴƺŻգ֪ãǲԿƣܿҪ鼱֮£뵽ʮָĵ˵еľƱڵϣ¼һƬƬδ˼ͻԼָѪ˳һʹࡣ
Ǳϣջ˵ɶ񣡶Ҫɽׯ˳ⲻɡ̣ҶϣӣҪǲǾϣ˳ӣ
ҶѪʱѣӲĽոµľƱƵ˳еϣһߣЦ˵˼Ǹʤˡ
ϣһ㶣ﰵҶ³˸ոպµľƣ벻ٳ󡣡ôˣ
ϵѪҶ˵ղžƱڵϣȥʱСĻˣ¡ȥкĿ˰ɡ
õġϣӦţתͷԶĪ˵´ݹǳȥȻǰٶжңҲݲ˵ķϣˣ
 
                  
37
СҶȴװûԼ̧ǰ˼뿪ˡ
ҴҵĴ˽ϣ˵Ǿˣ˵գٷ˵ѣǰףء
ϣһ㶣໳һλ

ҶҲЩ⣬档ȥ󲻾ã˽ܸ·żģЩ㲣ƺ˲١
ҶãÿɺãŬ΢ЦţҶҶеʹţȴʵš
ҶҪش
ϣȴǰһм䣬Цݵ˵ֵܣôԶĸҪúõĺȱϲơ
Ȼ΢ЦŻش߽һ˵ϣȢҶǺĿҲܣȴӦǽˣɵֲһ֡һţ˺㶨Ҫߡ
ϣˣֻйأ顣ҵʱĸ磬㣬αˣϣ˵
ҵ£޹أֻҪţҶκʧһ̴ߡ˵ҶһֱǳĶ˵ֻ˵ˣӲ
֪ҵĿʲôҲֻ˳ӡϣޱ˵Ҳܷԡ
ûǲ治ףΪʲôҶҪӦΪҶδ룬ǽˣҶϾǳس˻ϰæϣҲޡ
ǣҶȻǴӦˣҼԼ۰Ů
ʵǲסֻǿ޹Ҷ
ҶȴϣŭƿԼǰϣ߽º͵˵磬Ҹɺã
廹ãֻǾã㡣ݺݵĵϣһۣҶ΢Ц˵Ҷ˳ÿɺá
һдӸסҶ΢Ц˵Ȼˣ͸߸˺ȱõϲƣָϲٻȥ
˵ͷŲ̵飬Լ£һ̴Ҷ뿪ֻǿϧԼһ鷲ӣ
ϣҶ뿪ﲻ˵˵ôĿףȥ˽ҩźá
ҶϣͻȻʣйأ
ˣҲһֶҪЩӲܽáϣҶͻȻЩˣȴǵģУ˵ѾͷЩ£ǲ˵֪̫˻㲻òУңʵǲС
ҶźҴһݸϣһСƿ
ĸĽҩո˰ٶŵġԻ굤Һþ˳Ĳ֪ճҸոշԸȥ˽ҩ֪ͨ˵նүʱҲĸΣҩʧ˱ԡϣ΢Ц˵ǽ͸ֻҪˡȰѽҩ£Ȼ˳ҩڣ㲻ָˣʹУֻ´ʱ
Ҷһۣ޺޵˵ҪΪҲ²϶һˡҲȥˣ˸ջ𡣲ɡϣ´βǰ̵ĺҪôͺãҪôͺŹ˲
ϣһüЦѾͷѽ
Ҷ˲Ҷһ˵ԺΣǰɽׯٷˣһŮ۸ţˮ˵ڻϳǲ֪ǳҵȻԭɰ񵽾ɲ
ããѾͷġϣЦ˵˳ɲɣԺһֻŹŮܲף
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵Źԡ
ѾͷϣҪ
Ҷ㿪Цܿˡ
źսۣʱһҪúõоһ£ϣǸһ൱Ĺϵ˵ׯһǸ˵ĳɲ£Ǹ˱൱õ书µҲЩ书߳ˡҶĹ
Ҫһǣ罣ԭ˾
罣ϣУûʶǰѽ˿ţ罣ҲһͨĽҶ֪ǰѽ϶罣Ӣۣϣûκιϵ罣ԲϣУ
δԼʦ˵ׯѽׯʹǽׯԵ¡
ϣ΢ЦſҶȻڳ񣬺Ҵܹߵ͵˵˼䣬ϣüͷ΢壬˿վڼ⿴ԼҶ˵ͷ˵֪ˣȥɣ˺úõĿĪֳ
·ǣҶƽ͵ʣ˵ҿ԰㣬ǲйв޲ϰ
ϣҶ΢΢˵ͷ
Ҷɫƽ˵ҶڵһգκҷĴڣҶʧãԸη⣬ŵģҵй̸̸
ϣмȻҶ΢ЦʣѾͷҪλ𣿡
 
                  
38
ҵɷȻҪҲһ󷽵Ůӣ˷ͬһˣȢҾҪңҼҪ㡣Ҷ˵һŮӳ͵Ȣ㲻ͳ˻ϣԺǲżȤ
һ˻أϣЦǲǾͿԺˡ
Ҷһ޺޵˵һ֮ҪȢŮӣҶˣ򣬱룡
ϣȫǸжŮӣ˵ĿĴڣ˷УȢҲǿͬðɣȥɣʱҪѰżҡ
пǷҶʣҹҹδ飬ʲô׵鷢˵Ҳźý顣
˵Ƿ֣ȷʵЩǷϣ۾ţ鱯ˣ˵ֻЩȴǿǷֿԽ͵ģӦǴлмҶԼҸϣо֮
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣мҺͰɽׯй
ðɣҾתЩҶ˵ֻǣȢǻҲһ
ϣ˵ͷ΢Ц˵õģֻһһ㣬Ҳֻһһųɡ
ˣȻһһҶһ죬ô·ܲɣȥӦ˰ɣȥйܿͻ˵ţתźһͬ뿪
ǰ棬Ҷĸں棬֮ͻȻʣнֻһ𣿡
˵ͷ˵йΨһҴģҲǵʱˣ˵ʱѡ
Ҷʣּϣȥ̽룬̾ͻش
Ҷֻ΢΢һͷ˵ǿнһ޹ʹս¾һˣȻȴĻţֻڽ֮ϣҲǿĺܡ
ǰ˵ͷһֱչҲǲ׵ʱΪ
ҶһüȴûнȥȥỳɣЩʺ
һţȿ㲵ݣţһصǼϻ̳ϿֵūһŵվһߵͷҶһЦԭϿ龰Ǽٵģԭʱˣһľϲˤˤһضǡ
йҶĺһº͵侲˵ū˵вʲԸҪ
Σ޺޵ĿҶ£
Ȼҵ¡Ҷ˵̬ȣҪеǼҸ£ǵҲһĺգҲ˺õļõգֵЩ׽Ūվŵļū˵ȥɣԻỽǡ
õģٷˡū澵ͷ˳ȥ˼ַɵģҲûԶҶʱǣֻԶԶ뿪վš
θɣ˵뿴ҵЦԿ㿴
ϲҵɷҵȻҪʡҶ˵£еСС豭񾲵ļ˵һŮҽʱҪҪģܲܲʣȻҪܵģҪܵסҵķһʱҲĵ¡˵йػ޹أ
Ҷŭȴ˵
ҵ⿴ЦҶͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵ο㲻գЩͿ£Цɿ˵ϣľˣݶϣҲԲ㣬ֻǣǸС۵Ůӣݲ·гһбŮ˵ӰӣԣҲ㡣
ǣϣˣ㻹ǣǿ˵
Ҷûκεı仯һ϶鷢ɽկ˲ıܻ䣬ԸֳԼںҲֳֻܱķˡ
أҶ΢΢һЦ޶ˣȻЩ飬ȻߵŮӣҹĶۣҵˣо¹˵һ׮ССưãңҺαؽʱİǰ£
ҧԼ촽˵ŵһҡ
أҶȻ΢ЦţᵭмҶļд豨ŵһȻͬðǻ
ҪҵˡӲͷƤһһ˵˳һҪúõĴһ
ҶȻ΢ЦĿǰʣǣǺ²Ҫأ񣬴˿źµӦҶ
˵⻰ҶԼЩ⣬Լ˲̵ıǰλŮӣʵҲֻǣԼκһԼ֮Ů˷ͬһ˵ġ
ᣬҶ޺޵˵û뵽㾹˲̵ˣðɣǲѲҪң˰ɡ
Ҷ̾΢΢ҡҡͷ˵йĺݱɣ㣬һҪҷһˣȴڴʱȢңҪ㣿
һ檲Ǻ𣿡˵㾡ˣҲҪС檵ݣѵҲ𣿡
УҶҲ˵ֻҪһ죬ϣ߾ͲκһŮ˵Ӱӣй㣬ǶŹԡ
ֻµʱɲˡͻȻ䳰ȷζҶ۾ͻȻһ£·ͻȻϣ
 
                  
39
һ˻ϣҶˣԺһʡ룡ҶĿ֪ΪļˣмҸ࣬ǣǵʱΪպıֻнһ˵
ĿҶ۾еϣȴƺͻȻࡣǰҶ֪٣ҶүŮô֪ʱΣѵϣЩҲ˵˲ɣ
ɡ˵㹻ʱȥʱ򣬿Ҷεķⲻš
Ҷº͵һЦ˵õģǾҪҪͷĵȥʱһܲ˵ɡ
ͻȻҶһһ˵㵽ʲôˣ㻹֪Щʲô뽻ǰȥֹʱԣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦº͵˵ǳسҶүĶŮİɽׯׯϣ»ӡ֪нŮиΨһҴĺˣʱнϧϧ˶֣ͨȫԣϣҪŵһһϣαϸԣʱ˵ɡ
㣬㣬ֻҶүĶŮһǧ֪˶飿˵Щ£ִἰ֪İ㣬򡪡
Ҳһöӣ˶ѣ㲻غ˼롣Ҷ˵˵ˣйʰһ£úõźš
Ӧ˽ͷҴҵʰŵϵǼ
ֱϲƣ㣻ֻ밲ţ㡣ҶͷҲص˵߳˷䣬ĵ⣬ͷȴһķ䡣
ϣһ˵ĹϵǣʦĶӣΪʲôѧȴʹýأһ˴Ӳ罣
йأҪأ
ǰţԼһӰһҶһԺ˵ȹȥЩۣϢһߡ
ӦԼͷǰˡ
ҶߵԶˣŹ˸䣬˳ŸղӰʧĵطȥһ·ǰǸС԰СţѾˡҶƿţ˽ȥطʦʦĵط
ʦ𣿡Ҷһ
ǵġ÷һ̽ԼۣΧ˵˵ԭΪٲصһҲûб䡣Ǿʱģ
ʵ԰ɽׯҶİͬԼһɡΪʦǰεĵεΣѾϤԼһĳ̶ȡ
ʱ򣬾֪ոյӰһʦһûпʦ˵ãС԰ԶŵģԶаԶϣΪǰʱʦᵽֻԲݣԼĶϣˣ
ʦʲôʱģҶĵʡ
ġ÷ԼͽܣȰһЦ˵Ѿͷô˵ɵһҪ޸أܹƽҸһ𣿡
ңȴԸҶƤ˵ϸˣѲˣҲֻҶʰˡ˱ˣֻǳݵ
˵Ѿ˶÷˵
СϢǲ١Ҷ΢΢һЦʦһ˵СŮͽܵĶ֣ΣҪȥ𣿰ɽׯǸԻ֮ƣɨūͶŲ书һʱĻãʱһⲻᱻ˲
㼸գϣΣܷġ㲻õģϾǰĵطϤĺܣֻû˿ƵüЩˣӦû֮ϡ÷һЦȰ˵
ʦԸʦı㡣Ҷ룬ʦׯԽʱᣬׯģǸĵˣһӦǸεˣʱʦһԭ˵ԽͿ
ȥǰɡ÷΢Ц˵һĴ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪С԰صǰ档ϣѾԼ⣬ⳡ񲢲С
˵Ѿ׵ϣҶ߼ȥЦ˵лЩĵ⡣
ǵġҶ΢΢һЦ˵˵ĵȵ檵ʱ򡣡ʲôʱ檣˻ϡҶǿЦģѵȴ΢Ц棬Ŀϣƺȫġ
ϣȴû˵ʲô۾ȴһ˿֮Ҷһ
Ҷ£ϣкˣǾơѣһЩζסȻֻЩȤ飬Ҳһˣ˿ɢʱҶԼĹͷҪɢˣϣЩ˷·
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40
ѩҶװʣպȾƵĿ˿Ц˵ׯķһһƯѵɽׯбķ˲ɣ
ѩһҶҶڶŲ豭Ȳ裬һƽֻһʣŷ
ǰλٷˣѩЩɻģҶ׽͸оٷ˱ʵǿϰٱˣףűѩȴֳƣһڸգ˲ò㾫ź
ԭйһλׯˣȥˣڵׯǺȢġѩ͵͵ν˵
ǵǿϧĺܡҶ΢΢һЦ˵ԭţҪڵһŮӣԺĿǰׯᲢۡԭѾѽ𣿡
ѩҡҡͷЩԥ˵ǲС£ûҵҲͰ
Ҷ˵ͷټȥԼĲ衣
ϣ˽ϻŨŨ⡣
˵ʲôѽ˸ˣϣʣ۾΢УֻΣյԱ
Ҷ˿ڲ裬һЦ˵ѩ⻨ĵëɷŴ
ϣ΢΢һüƼٵ˵Σ
ҶҲٰٵ˵ϲ㽭ϵ˵λׯ˵òǺ棬ׯòһǸˣԭǰλׯ˲ҿᷳңزˣǸԻȴ˿޵ĺð취Σ
ϣһЦֻҪ㲻ıɱ׷ҿԿǿǡ
õͦҶ΢Цţȴ˼⣬ΪΣϣûһ˿һı飬ѵԼĸףʲôԭ
ѩ˳ȥϷţǳ˵һֵǧ˾Ȼƶ졣
ѩһȥϣͷڴϣ˯ȥҶţҹɫŨתɵĳأȾ˴һҹδߡ
峿ʱȴƿһŵŨ֮ͿԷɽׯУҶվڴǰĿţһҹУһֱԺѰйعźս۵Լ֪顣
źսۣܿܵӢۡϧεգȴΪȨƶֱΪİ·һսۡڵĻϺǸˣѾӢۣЦ۹£ݺ¡˵ģͶˣΪͬһĿߵһȻΪͬһĿɱȻһ˻ϣһնɱڽ
ʲôأͻȻҶһͷϣվԼ󣬾ĿԼ۾ƽԼеЦ⣬ƺһ˿ȷ顣
ڿôҶһЦ˯ÿɺã
ܺáϣЩɵĿҶõЦ˵룬ѵһҹδ˯ң㲻Ͼͷ
Ҷһ죬ϾֻǸʮ߰ŮӣִǹŴǸδСŮһѾΪԼɷ˵ѯ֪Ӧԡ
ϣ㣬Ҷ߰յҪ˵
űһƿˣѩһŵĳ˽ˣ˵ׯٷˣŹɱˣողŷ֣˶ҩ
ϣһü
ҶһȤһֳһŻ˭ѽǰٶŵˣʲôҩѽʱŷ֣ѽ
ȥɣοһ¶ŹЩˣҪ˯һᡣҶ˺Ƿ˵´λЩģٶŵ˷ҩɱ̫Сˡб£ĨӣЧ
ѩЦһȴ־òԣ̵ͷɫ
ǰοѽǻϽѽϣҲ̲ס΢Цʣ˼ҪɱأٶҩҩɾȣҪķأ
𣿡Ҷգգ۾΢Ц˵ٶžԲҩɽĶҩȥưɣҩɽĶֻҪ㣬һĺҩȥôҲýȢӣһûأһĵԸȰǡȤĺܣ˽Ůĸ֡ȥɣҪЪˡĻҾͿԲطǲǣ
ǵģǰء㲻ȥƣϣһ߻·һʡ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵鷳תһҶ󱦵أһʱˮ岻ʣͲȥˣֻ뾲˴š
ѩͷǿЦٷˣȤĺܡ
ϣҲûǿѩ˷ţعͷ˵ýɹź㡣
Ϣɣֻ밲˯ᡣ㰲ȥɣٷˣû˻ҪҵġҶڴ£Щ˵۾ЩˣҪúõ˯
 
                  
41
һҹߣͦ˾ġ
վڴ⣬˸ոҶĻٷ˵⣬ɴࡢǸǿ౶ˡ
˵ֻèôҶһֻɾĺ꣬ǰ׺꣬˵İ׺ꡣĽᣬҶı
ٶŵöҩɱԭһ־磬ԼūͲ˵ٷ˾͸˵ľֵðɽׯ²ðߺšŹҩˣѽǿЦôôһū澣ǶܶСģСĶԲΪѾͷݣ˿
ԭöŹǸƯɰС㣬ҶŶ̶̼գôʣ·峿ʵĿԣǺǣǾˣźӡ
о˾Źֵٷˡ
һֱ˯ӽʱҶۣ˸ִЩҪꡣ컹յӣʱ
¶кã䣬ůůġ
ٷˣˡŽһֵЦ⡣
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ź´Щˣ׼ЩԵİɡǵģҿҪԷϣأû𣿡
ׯǰ洦Ź飬Ӧûʲô΢Ц˵ٷˣĪҪģׯ˵գŹֻСһ׮Ҫʲôȥ׼
Ҷ룬˵Щģȥ׼ɡ
ɵ˵ͷתȥˡ
ӭѩЦЦʣѩ㣬ˡŹɺЩˣոٷ˻أ
˽½ûʲô£ǺׯһҲ뿪ֻҪׯһ뿪ⲻǶܡô˵Ҳׯٷ˸ոճ׵ӣһִҲѩЩ˵ׯˮδءٷأ
ոˣ˵ЩˣҪЩģ׼ȥƣɿڵġɵ˵ͷ˵ǲҲׯ׼Щ˵ܹ
ѩ˵ͷ̾˿˵չգϾŹǰɽׯĿˣׯòӦ꣬һСһ𳤴ģҲ÷ΪӦİɽׯׯˡ׼ŰɣԻصҲ˵Ϊٷ׼ɡ
ɺѩһȥһӰһҶķ䣬ͺһУͺۻһ
ʦҶ΢Цӭ˵˵أͳˣҹιģɺãԹҪҪһЩҸոշԸȥ׼緹ˡ
÷ҡҡͷ΢Ц˵ͦõģ㲻صʦ㻹˵˶ҩɱˣǱ
ʦصģٶŵ˷ҩɱ־һûйϵģʱӦѾûҶ΢Ц˵ʦׯϣ
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Ҷһ㶣ʶʣʦ뿪ʱжѽ
Ҳ͸ʮɣǶʮĴ÷ĵЦ˵͵͵üӢѽСʱǸಡĺӣʱ书ֻЩ飬û뵽ǳɫѽ
պׯĵýġҶЩ˵Ϊѧ׵أ
𣿡÷Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ʶ˵ҵûע⣬ֻǿṦǳɫûýԵ£ӦҲɣϲýЩ
Ҷû˵ʲôֻǵĵͷͷȴɻأöͷͻȻð˳ȴ֪Ӧôĸͷ֡
ʲôѽ÷ʡ
ҶǿЦЦ൱õĸоָоͷµܣҪйȴйʦЩãȻ˵ûʲô£ֻͻȻЩ̫ʦҲûʲôҪ˵ģׯ𣿡
÷˵ͷͻȻЩǰһֻǸӵ侲ĪȻǷǳѹġ
Ҷ֪˵ʲôźá
ԼнŲ÷̶ңűƿϣ˽ɫЩƣ£˿ˮ˿˵ŮѲĺܡ
ҶֻЦЦ˵ҲԼǵġ˵ͶŹҲ÷һ𳤴󣬿νС֣ȴȢңôʵȻҪָ㣬һ޶ϵô׵һף֣֣һҲ֡
ϣһҶε˵ĸ첲ʼģ˵࣬㾹ȻҲ˵
Ҷһ˵ϣ㽲òãҴϲһҪһҪģһû˵أ㵽ԹȻʰ͵øװƣԺǷҪҲʡ
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42
ɺѩˡ
Ҷң˵һ·ȳš÷ӴȥЩɻϣգѵ֪ˣ
ѣҶϣʡ
ҶаЦЦϣչȻʵĽŲǹµģҪˣȫץ÷һǲѾ֪÷£ֻǲƣŮĸף
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ϣ۾һ˿ɻĹãȻ˵ɽׯ֮࣬ѶһЩЩϵˣԼҪСЩ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǹˣò̸¶˾ġϤĺܣӦòˣԺԼõ
ϣûп
Ҷ˿ڲˣģˬڡִʱһϲŮӣǺ޵ɫʳ
ˡѩ˽һҶЩԥ˵ոնŹ˹ȥ
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ҶһЦ˵ЩӦҴģ˵Щǣݹš
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ٺӵıϣҶѩ˵ȥЩ͹ҪЩ࣬ǵζһǼʵġ
ϣźԶԶվſţַ˲֪ʱ˹ŲԶϷˣͻȻ˵ѾͷԭĴ˰Լ״ֻѾɣҪ˵ΪȢ
ϣû˵ֻǾĿںӱģҶ
ܹȰ÷ܹòϷƢһĵַ˵÷ū˵ҶһЩԻ漰мҺľ¡
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ϣͻȻת˵ԭׯˡԭţҺ񻹼ҶʱҲɽׯĳطӦñǰ˲٣ṦϣЩ꣬ȷʵǰϰˡ
ַ΢΢һ㶣̾˿˵ҪģҪģʱûҵʬ壬;пܻ䡣ʱҲԣôصҩԹңҲ
Ȿᣬο㵱ʱҲǵѣһҲǷʲôֻǡϣ΢΢üͷ̾˿Щ˵˵֪࣬ܲˡ
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ôܹȫԹءϣ˵ֵֻ֪˷ΪȨƣֵøӴİ·ʱҲమİ£ô֪㡣
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ϣļźӱߵҶȻЩΪûз磬Իûоرĺ䣬Ҷżɫ磬޵Ļ˾˵ůס
ҶүǷѾ֪ݣַʣ˵ǳ谮Ůôô׵˻£ǾЩɡ²⵽ʲô
пϵıȻǵѽ˻ɣӦ˻¡ϣ͵͵˵ʶѽҲ֪͢ѽȴֻһˡҵݣֻǻɣûȷǺˡ
ַ˿ϣʮʱ䣬Ѿһʮӣô飬Ѿ졣ģðοΣܹһһƬأǲʱС
úӱߴҶ𾻵Цĵĺܣ̧ͷȥһ㱻Ҷ˳ڰз˸ͷҶĵ˵ҵǲôһ㣬԰һʵˡǺǣѩĪˣɣùȥ
Ůӣȥ׮飬ǷЩ̣
ַ˺ϣ˴˿һۣʳͬһ⣬ȴûи𰸣ѡԭΪǸƻΪھȻ˲֮⣿
 
                  
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ϣʼ꣬õ಻
ϣҶԼķУţȴ֪˵Щʲôźáڿмεζ
ϣȻ֪ҪοʼǵԹŮˣҶȻջЩ죬ԼҲԼЩ֡
ЩþơҶ΢΢һЦ˵ﰾǳòˣȾ죬Σ
áϣ˵ͷҲ顣
նѾˡҶ˵˷ŸҸף˵Щķ羰ҵĽ
ѩ˵ϣ΢΢һЦԸūȥ׼˵Щز˼ң˴ζ
ܿ죬ʳͱƱƱŵõľ㣬֪Ҥضĺþơ
Ҷȶ΢Ц˵ȾԼһȣټôһˣΪҵľֵúúúһ
νϣȤʡ
ڰϣɲԼѽҶ̾˿˵ֻ׸ΪΪ㣬㻶ұ
ϣ̲סЦ˳˵˿ֵҺúõĺһȸΪ˵ţһں±оơ
ҶҲ΢΢һЦ˰뱭Ц˵ԹŮӿɶ죬ҾͰ뱭Ϊɡٸĵϡ׻˵³˫ڶ𣬾;ɡ
ң˵ϣžƱҶ΢Цʡ
ûУʵУǹ㣡Ҷһı飬˵һ㿪ЦģҲûУֻй㣬ſɵҶӿɹ
ϣҲ̲סЦãΪһ仰ҲҪһݣȾơ˵ţһ£
ԽԽü䣬Ҷ⣬ͷļįھȾŨأҲŲ¡ԽǼįԽֻȵʶ񣬱
ϣҲ˼ľ⣬ȴȻֱҶ˯ȥȻںȾƣȵðƽ͡
ѩҶϴϢҶȻˣȻֻ֣ǰѩϴʰһУٻͷȴϣӰֻһһ
һֱµʱֹ֣סҶԺѹһ첲Աһˣŵһ㶣ѹĿԼ˯ϣȻ󻣵ԼŵԼ
żɫ˿£Ȼ롣
ҹӦûʲô鷢ҹʲô鷢أǺ˾ƣˣ֮أһҲ벻
ϣҲ˹ҶŵģЦЦ˵ôʲôأ
ҶŵҡҡͷЩɵЦЦЩӸסԼӣɫת۾ſ˵ڵĻǽԼĽţأ
ййһ£ׯٷ˻ûϴءѩߵģڵˣǣˣҪǡ
Ҷһü´һһĳ˸ᣬ££˿Һ˯ðȣûҵģӦùȥ˿ѾӴϣ£棬˵ɣôɽׯĿˡ
ѩӦȻš
˽ҶǰҶƺǸո˴ģɵĴϣȴһϣԣĲ޵ĺɫĵüϸ塣泯죬ü续ۺˮݰף΢¶ɬȾ˫Դ֮ɫĶˡ
Ҷһ൱˵Ůӡ
ƽȴ纣ˮڵסǵ˸档
ţһʱ˹ȥҪ˵ЩʲôźãֻǾվţȴһ顣˼ҸͲĳ֣ƽĿ׵ĸǸˣҳز˴㣬ңֻȤ
йʱ⣬ʲô£Ҷ΢ЦţòʣԸѩ衣
ǰԼҶʲôأЩĿǰҶϣĲ֪ԼҪʲôġ
ϣȥҹҡͻȻֱӵ˵
йϣֻǽϵѣҲǰΣֻ˵ڣѾҵķȻǶۣҲˣƺЩĪЦҶмŭ֮⣬ӲŲȥϣ
쳤ϣγƺҵɡǿӲĻش
Ҷͷϣʣνͣ
ȥҹйϣüͷ΢壬۾ȫ涾ұƳÿһʱɣѾһΡϰٶŵĽҩ޷
Ҷٿ΢Ц˵йĽͿɷ꾡㵱Ĵл⣬Լ˵ıݣŻпĵһˣȻǲ׹أЩӦҲõģαˡ
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Ҷ˵ймжϣݶȻỹɵðûаɽׯţֻҲ룬ﳼ֮Ůݣжд̣ȥ֮ҪʱʱüϣͰرݣ˴˵֪ѣ˲ϰݣǵֻֻѡȥ
Ƣĸµˡѿڶһڣڵأ⻰ǿԶҶġ
Ҷһûлͷȥϣ˵˵ҵһҪ˱ض㣡
ϣĮȻĿЩ£ǲܸ߰ͷŮˣѹַ˵ʱˣֻһʱգ̾ľ档ѹ˵ԹźΪˮҲмֵ
㡣ֻ㻹ûдǣѾ˰ٶŵĶҩ֮¡޺޵˵ȥϣĿ⣬Ҷ뵽һҹۣ׽ĶС
ߡҶ΢΢һЦ˵֪ٶŵǺֿ֪Ҷ˵Ĺϵ𣿡
һ㶣ʶ˵֪
ҶһЦ˵Ҷ˿ڣֻǰٶҲֻܴӦͬϣǷһ㣬ǰٶŵҲǷҶһ顣
תͷϣ
ϣޱ飬Ҳ˼⣬Ǻ飬ٶŵʲôҶкϵ
ٶŵǷҶһַͻȻ澲˵һҲ֪⣬ԹҶɵ֮ǰٶŵжҩҲ˲ֺҲŵ֪ѵһͨҶκβأ˰ɽׯ
ϣЩȻĿҶգʲôʱˣǵ㣬ڴ˼м䣬ҹΪԼûпٶŵſ϶Ǹǰɽׯׯ÷
ĸסϣ̲סַˣһ
ַҡҡͷϣε˵ҲǽŸո֪ѾҶǸײβˣҶǲ֪¡ֻǣһҵ֪Ҫΰǵļƻ
ҶҶһƽκεĵ뽾ƺԭֻһСС飬Ҳ㲻ϡǣҶ԰ٶоֻ֮ϣҲҪ
ʲô֮ԶԸ˰ٶŵĸֶҩأ
й߰ɡַ˿Цһ˵ֻҶѣֻǸŮӣҶүıŮõϵĺݣȴŸѲݣǰٶŵŮҼˣ˹أҲҪһٶŵġģαŻ
ɰٶҲϣԸ˵
ˣϣ˵ˣйӴ˺֮߰ڣģ
ĿϣðŷӦܿˡ
ϣַЩĿϣЩ֮˵˶ǶԲסļˡϾļ㡪жαΪ
Ҽǵõʱ֮£ǶεҶȴᣬѾһҲǻ˵ʱһ˭ϵȻ˾壬˺ģʹһʱֻǻʹһϣ˵ҵķִ磬صġ
Ҳԭ¡ַЩд˵ƺԼľ¡
ߣϣ˵㲻ǲ֪ðСĹŵӣСǰٶӡóʹϸü룬ոöϸü룬һƿҶѱ
˵䣬һ辰ӦѳƬ˸Щľϸü룬˼ӦϸһüëСС״Ȼһ˶辰ѳƬ֪
ҶҲһղſһҲû֣ϸЩӦÿԷֵģʵǽ̫٣һϸɱ˵ĸѽ
ȻǵС洫ļλʦҲѷɫַ
ҲСĺݶ֮ġСʱ˲˹ϣ̾˿ʱǸɰСδĿԼ˳µĲ״ԶѧջЩġ˵Ҷɽׯ⣬ǼƻǷôһӦԡһһҶˡʶŮӸ˲ģ
ַЩȻҲЩĬĿϣһοΪһŮˣϣŭ
Сʧ󣬲ΪŮɫ˹Ҵ£ϣҶ޹ԺЩҲˣĪҪʱ̵ţ㣬ϾиҪַ˳ѡ
֪ˡϣ˵ȥɣˣҲЩˣЩȤ
 
                  
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ȵ˶뿪ˣϣѩ˵ȥ׼緹Ժûҵͬ⣬κ˲̤С벽
ѩ˵ͷ˳ȥⳤ˿ôˣһμ˵Į顣˵ǰϷֻһǶ飬Ҷϧ֮ģϡ
Ҫˡϣº͵ĿҶ˵
ҶһЦ˵ʵɺϣʱĸ׻ҵʱ򣬸游ȥʤ̵Ľʿȥ·ĸͻȻøʹͣϢһ˵ˣ׼òòǻˣʹȥ˱ӪΪˣصҶҶ˰֮áʱ֪Ϊҵʱĸ׸вʵǵĸײòϢΪǸˣҪδΪӻŮĸ׼ģҲʹӦˡʵ֮ǰһֱ֪ǰٶŵţ֪ˣֻǲҼɽׯ׮ˡҲںӱߵʱһɫΣ˵֮ɰٶ֪֡ǰٶŵţôһǵһμδ常ˡ
ϣ΢΢һЦ˵˵Ҷү۰ŮôƯ󣬳оգȻ֡
ҶһЦ˵ͷٵ˵ѽҪңң˵ͻԿͷġ
ϣһЦ˵õģһУ
ϣ㵽ǸʲôأҶͻȻʣйĻ񲻽ǰɽׯׯ򵥵ӴǰɽׯׯֵҲƲһĸµѽ˻ϡ
ΪûأϣһЦ
ǸЩųˣҲ㲻Ǹˣֻι֮㲻Ǹλ󳼸ţǰȡʱ˶µͷֻһܣ˵ĺˣǽǰɽׯׯ
ϣһЦ˵Сˣҳȥߣ⣬Щ˵
Ҷˬĵͷ
ãȥЩʵ·ĩǺ䣬ʡϣº͵˵
Ҷһˮ·ϲڣ¶Щģ￴ȴůṳ̊ʵųİɫëһİţ˿˳й㣬񾲡
ûг緹ǳɡ߽У棬Ҷüа
Թźս֪٣ϣҶʣָǳϼص⡣
֪ĲࡣҶʵ˵ż˵źսĻϺͲһҲ˻ϵһ֮һսȻʤⳡսۣȴӴʧ˵Ǳɱս֮ϡʱнΪսܶҲЩɡ
ϣ˵ͷ˵ãûаЩóӦҡ
ܿܣҶҲ˵ȨƵˣȻ˵Լֵĺû˵ǶԭǼõһѣֻΪȨƷĿɳǿϧĺܡ
ԭȷʵһ֮ȷʵĿɳ𣬲ΪȨƣҲԭ򡣡ϣ꣬겻Ǻܴµüǰ飬Ҳа飬ȨƣҲɫǴϡƽ
˵ϵĸ֮ĻϺûʲôϵ׻˵ҲĻӱȽºͣȻʣȻװݡҶСĵıܿϵĻˮմʪȹߣ·ϺǸɾֻˮûۺۡ
ϣһ˵ºͣͲнһҵıɱΪнˣʵǳսۣȻ˴ȫʤҲɥʧıʿԪˣңʱ˲ٱ֮ģϾϻǿԵģײͬȴû뵽ǡˣǵȨƣͲƽĿ̰Ȩƣǻġ
ͬǸˡҶ˵
Ǿءϣƽ˵һͬˣһϧˡ֪뵱ϵĸ׵ľ£ã𲻱Ǿӣ
Ҷû˵˵Ȼʵ£ϸۣվЩ
ʲôأϣʡ
룬վǺˣҶĻش߽һͤʯ£ʯϵЩ⣬΢
ϣͤ⣬Ĭһᣬ˵Ǻˣ⵽ǸȤ⡣Ϊʣ
˵˵˵Ĺ°ɡҶûлش⣬ת˻⣬˵ˣ˵Ȼʵ£ϸۣվЩἰˣм֮⡣Ǻ棬˿ʷϳΪǧˣѡ޺ӣĿоȻǸ׷֮ˡǰɽׯٶţ񱱹ǻ̸ɫ֮
 
                  
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ϣҲ£ΧһƬտûֻݣ֮䲻κˡУϸԣȻճȺҲƬ԰ 
ѡϣĵЩ£Ҷ֪кβףϣκκһ֡ 
֪˵𣿡ϣҶʡ 
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ʷмأ˾ȫ£һմգգϱն֮Ҳ˸ᣬᣬ֮֡ 
˾󡣡ϣҶ۾ﾹȻʹ֮ɫƺǱߣҲƺǻϺͻϵĸһһҪɱˡ 
Ҷûпϣ˵ȥ 
ǿҲڻϵĸףʮĺѣСһ𳤴һϰ䣬ͬһŮˡϣĮȻ˵ҲΪ̫Ϥˣ˺Ҳ׵ס 
⣬˵Ҷ̿ϣı飬һ޷ı˽ȥʷ˵˾޺ӣȴ˵˵ʵʵȻдȣӦ˵޺ӡ˵ŮһŮӣԭһλĹֻƣ䣬˾ȣ˾ΪޣȻʲκιϵֻȻҲŮӣ˻Ϻ󣬲˵ 
㸸׵ȤȻ˵˻ϣһЦº͵˵һҲû䡣һЩѵԭֻʱѾɽ 
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֮У֮£иһҪֳŵ 
λ֮ҲԴڴˡϣ˵ǰĻһֱ׷ɱλʱֻΪ˾λ׷ǵԽԽ࣬Ҳͳջ˵ʱĻϣȻֵܶ˵Ȩ֮ 
ҲǸǰʵֵ̫̣߲ƽ˾ǿ˻ᣬɱ˻ϣ˴ȨҶ˵ֻǰٶźͰɽׯҲǿжȨԱ֮𣬶Ǿѡеѡ 
ϣƺ˵ʲô˼һ£˻ȥֻ˵ٶźͰɽׯ˾Ĳ£㸸׵ʱȵˣҲǰٶŵţ˾ʦ壬ɽׯׯĸףԭ˾ľʱ£֡ 
Ҷжһ£ϣͻȻʣ˾кιϵֵΪԼƽͶ˷ҵĸУ 
ҸׯȻҲҪ˾𣿡ϣ΢Ц˵ 
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҷˡ 
ڻңϣ΢Цżʡ 
ǵģһݡҶϣ˵ҵĸоû˵˼򵥣ǣ˵Ķԣҵֱң㣬㡣 
ϣ۾һ˵˵ 
Ҷϣ˼˰죬˵һ㲢ׯĺˣ˾ĺˡס 
ãϣ˵ͷϣƽ͵˵ȷʵǸѩŮӡңȷʵׯĶӣ˾Сӣҽ˾ϣֻǣβµģ 
ҶˣֻһׯʦĶӣʦׯĶܵȥˣʵֻЩɣûľΪǰ˾ĺˣ˾Ķӡ 
Ƕ£ȷʵȻĻѡ 
ǣׯĶȥˣ 
ϣȷеĽ˾ϣ˵ϣԭׯ÷º󲻾þˣļʱѾΪ첻㣬ʮꡣ 
ɣɣڵַ˲ǰٶŵΪξȲأҶĿϣ 
һᣬʱϲׯĲַˣַ˵ãҲĸףŷˣҲĪ¡ʱѼΪޣȴׯһ飬ׯܾ󣬾ȻׯĲˮ˷ƴҩҩ룬ҩ÷ˣǳǷǣׯĸɽׯ÷£ҶΪˣŲãϣΪĲĪµĽĪΪڴ£Ϊ˱ң޸ׯͬʱ滻ѾȥϣׯҸ׵ľɲ£ȻӦʣԣҾı˱ʵׯȻ÷λãգŮӾ÷ĪȻǷԲΨһĵľҲϣǲǿù÷Ͼĸͬģʱһվֵᷢġ˾ϣ̾˿̵˵ 
ΪĪҪó棿ҶʣׯαΣׯׯҲһƴİɣȻҲЩ˾кιϵ 
ԭǰٶźŮĸ˽ãĸһֱͬ׽ð㣬ǿϲҵĸףȴϲǿźսУΪһʱʧ󣬵˸ĸ׵һֱھΣе𱣻ҵΡʵʱֻǱǿãǿԭͨĸףȴĸȴ׷游׶ȥ޶ϵ˾ϣ˵չʮ꣬Ҳимġ  
                  
47
Ҷ˵ͷаֻ̾ʦǿʮ˼ĥȻһᣡ 
ΪѡңʲôãҶɻʡ 
㸸ԭĸΪ幫ʱĸ׳ºĸ׷ģҪúõĻȥѰûݣǿδԭһֱۿ˽գΪسĸҲ֮ˣʵĸһͬΪˣҲϱŮӸЩԭ򡣡˾ϣ΢Ц˵㸸ײ֪ҵݣҴҸ׵Ľ˾򸾶˿϶ԴԵȢ㡣 
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȻˣȴһţҪЩʱúõ˼һ 
˾ϣҶ㣬֪ҲϣΪðգϣһ۷ʲôԶͬڣ⣬ңġĺ㣬һеδҪʱ֣ЦҾͿ㡣 
ҶȻϣӦ˾ϣķİΪںûаκ˼ԭֻ쵽ӿȻðεΧסȻ˸жᣡ 
㲻ţ˶̵ʱ䣬ҾȻ˵˵ں㡣˾ϣЦ˵ԼҲţΪһ˷Ų㡣 
Ҷ㶵ţģ˵ǰˣڻٽϣ˾ϣںǸ˲ͬͬգǷԼ԰ 
ǣ˻ϣҽΣҶĿ˾ϣʣվֻǸͨŮӣһ죬˻ϣضҪԺңݵ±Ůҷ㣿 
˾ϣһ㶣Ҷһ˱飬ǵСŮвӰӣȴ룬˵ϧ֮⣬˵ϾһҪԺƫҪһյĻϣ˾ϣֻһŮˣҶ 
ҶЦ˵ѽΪ˵ĺʱǻĻȻǸеµĴǸɽҲȹ̣Ҫβźã 
£Ȼǳﻮãصġ˾ϣ΢Ц˵ԴӸ׳һ̿ʼҾڳﻮ£ÿһƻĺúõģһ 
ҶһЦ˵ǵҪˮƻûб仯죬㵽Ҫóֵ׼ųɡҪһεĹңΪΣ 
һֱϣһĹңǵóԸ˵ΪţһĴðҸǣһ̩񰲡˾ϣ΢Ц˵ͽдΣ 
ͨ˳ڡҶЦ˵ϣԵóԸΪĿʥ档 
꽥رСˣҶ΢Ц˵˵ôãЩˣǻȥЩɡ 
˾ϣ΢Цŵ˵ͷסҶ֣߽ϸϸУͷһ˵泩ĸоҶĻǲòеأ˿˵ˣ˵Ȼ˵ķɣһٿټҲǿֵİɡ 
ӭƺһӰһ˾ϣһҶ׷ǸӰȥ 
Ҷ÷ûпǣдǰϤĻЩĲɣ 
÷ûв˸ţṦϣƺѷ˾ϣЩġһֱڹۿܵľɫٶʱʱҲЩ㱡 
Ҷ˾ϣУžĸ÷ܹо˾ϣìܣΪҪ׷ʵ̫ɣһֱǱһľ÷ 
ǰ棬Ҷһ֦΢죬Ҫʦע⵽Լ˾ϣ 
÷Ȼˣͣס˽Ųվͷǰˣ˾ϣҶ 
˾ϣȻ÷ķӦЩ⣬ûע⵽Ҷ֦죬Ϊ÷Ϥģʱ˸ŵʱҶԼʦس˾ϣȫ˽ģ֪ǰŮʦͽϵǣҪŮ˲źã 
ׯá÷ȿ˿ڣЩӲβס΢΢ϲãҶɫʮϲ㿴룬ķˡ 
˾ϣҡҡͷ÷ԼݣȻҲʲôӵֻǵ˵Ȼϲ洦Լɡ 
Ҷ˵ˣЩԼʦʱ÷гٴκԼ˵ϲãɣȴ֪ǰλṫӣȻ޹ϵֻһӵֻڰɽׯˡ 
÷Ųزסϲãʮ겻ѾһλӢճȺṫӣȻԼӡѾȻ޴棬Ǿ÷ǳ㣬ֻҪúãϲϵأֻҪҸͺá 
ԼͽҶšǷĵġ 
վţЩӲÿ˶֪˵ʲôźãֻз⾲Ĵи˼ 
ڣҶ˿ڣ˵λˣû£Լ㣬ĴƣȻȥ 
÷˵ͷȰĿǰһˣ㡣  
                  
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ҶĻֻһڵķʽΪǵسҶүŮޣȻͽ֮ϵİɽׯײûϸˣϲ̫⡣ 
˾ϣʱ͸ԱϵڻﱸͽУԼĶ̶ʱڰ׵¡ 
Щ£ûкҶϲŮˣܰеͳͳϾĵһԥ 
ǣҲǼƻ仯죬һԱո뿪˵Աء˵ǻҪؿڶ˹ؿ½ЩμӻĽˡ 
˾ϣҶոջصԼסׯַ˾ϵıʮֵ£ż˵ϣˡ 
˾ϣһۣ΢üͷʣ˾ţ 
ǹҪ·ڶؿ½ǰμӻѣһո뿪ˣѾзصˣ˵ǹѾڿͨе·ζ˹ؿ׼κ뿪ɽׯ֮⡣ַյ˵֪˭¶˷˹ϵĻɡ 
ҶһѵǷӸ׵ѵ͵͵𿪿ˣŶԡϣݵĻɣ 
˭Ψһ뿪ûˣ˾ϣʡ 
ׯһ£ش˵ӦҶչӣǰߵģؿǽϵһԱ֮ǰϵģٶȺܿ죬ȫǸֻ֣׼׼ҪҰɽׯĲǣ˵ϲı 
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵ȥϢȲҪ뿪ɽׯаš 
ׯַ˵˵ͷת뿪 
Ƕ뿪˾ϣҶʣǲӸҶүжݵĻɣ˽Բż 
ҶȫΣû뵽ԼһʱĺẦ˴ң˾ϣھε˵ֿܣҺ̫죬֪᲻żȷʵжݵĻɣҪװҲһ¹źս۵ĻˣҲɣ߻ϵĻûģȻʱ֣ 
˾ϣüͷƺûҶ˵ͻȻת뿪Ҵææ˳ȥкҲû 
վǣҶЩĪίԼСй¶ܣҲǹģ߻ϵģҲ̫߻ϵģһڻĹؿڳȥңҵõ 
Ҷһ뿪СʦݣϤ̶Ȳ˾ϣ٣Բͨκ˾Ϳ뿪Ҳκ˷֡ 
֪СĶСĶԲ˷ֵ뿪֪ɽׯĽǽ䣬ʦɽׯͺԼǰƷһϤ 
ίĪί˾ϣȫӽ͵뿪ôҴҵ뿪ûѻ˵ꡣ 
һԹģԹԼĴ¡ 
Ĳǹġ 
ԼӦ취ֲ 
Լ˾ˣϲôĲ²⵽˾ϣݣûԼǷ뵽ϣǸ˾йص 
Ҳֻǻɣ벻ôֻǿܲ²Щп˾ľʱ£һΪ˾󱨳𣬶ĽɽҪնݳɱ˷ŽޡһУпܾǷɵġ 
ֻǣ뿪ﾹ˵ĲᣬŲ£Ҫᡣʵ֪ҪźãҲֻҵһһпΪŪӡ 
Ҷû뱻κ˷֣ԼʦĻֻǶùκһɽׯˣȴ㲻ʼڰʦվᱻ׷ԣӾ˳ˮķĵ뿪ɽׯȥҵ 
տʼʱΪί̲סҪһҵʸˮУȴñ̹ǣ˺ܾãƺûпԴͷ 
ҶЦһ£Ǹ߹ԼϾǺܾǰʱʮʱ䣬ѾһǧС㣬ǸҰĳɬСѾͷǰȻûȴʵǲ 
껹ԽԽ󣬴ˮһˮɽ 
һֱҶԼûпεͷʱڿ˲Զ½أУʮֵС 
˰ʪģӷǳǱһǳһŵǰʮףúۣҪϢһᡣ 
һͻȻƺָþ 
Ҷ̻ͷȥԶվˣŽ££ĵݺݵĶһЩ£书֮ϣ˴ɱɱЩȴǴδ  
                  
49
ӲǽˣļѵС㡣һЩɻ˵ൽǰɽׯģǲǣɱˣȥˣֵЩӡòõǿεĺܣҲ¡ 
ҶаգݺݵĵǶһۡΪŭԼԼĲ΢΢Щ 
ٺ٣ƢСȻҵֵܶˡǰͷ˵ǸӴǰҪȥҶֵܶ˿һ 
Ҷ۾˲֣һЩԥ 
ǰˣֻúƬҶԼǰƮ䣬ƬҶԼϣԼЩʣȴĴͷеǳǳĺۣѪ 
ǸˣǸڳΪĲ죬ַֻ֪ˡʲôˣȡ֣ò˵Ҳ͵ǷˡȻȫ֪ 
ǰŮȻһľţȷʵǺ£ƺȫµʧ˳ֻ̬ǣȷʵǸյˡ 
Ǹ֪ʲôֻ֪ǰͻȻ䲻˵ˣֻһãȻĿԼ֣ƺʲôǰ˵ֵܣôˣʲô£ģҲǵѪۣʶĿҶǰŮӾԲǸˣֻǸѵĹټС㡣 
աʣôҲ˿ɱ 
˭д˱£˲֪зԼͬգǶ˾ȻûвѵɽׯؾԲǴţǲԻ֮ 
ҶڵأûκεķӦֻ֪ʦվȻʦ÷롰罣ġƽˣȴû뵽˵棬ѹ֣˾ϣԳưԽ֮У罣棬ƽʤ 
ƽƽһ֣ȡˡԼĴ⣬ǵһγֻ֣ǰѾɥ˴ 
ʲôˣǳƵӢ۶֣ͳֵܶ˼ǰɤӶмįֺȴóѾ㣬Լó⡣ 
տûκεĻֻаȻķ 
ѵǰλŮӣ 
˽źλӢ۲Ը¶棬ֵֻܶλˡֻҪǴӰɽׯˣͨͨҪһڲ 
Ȼûл 
ͳҶĲһڵϣһ죬ö͵һ㶣ȻԼõ΢΢һ𣬻΢顣Ǻһ˵ϣһѪ˳󣬾ڵϣο 
ҶĿϣУ˵ҲԲɱˣͿԾȵԼ 
ѹ֣˾ϣֻҪһУͿء 
ƣԭһͬģ棬Ӱ٣ѵۡ˾֣į޵Уȴ˼񣬼įһ 
÷ʮգȴǸįİŮ̸ЦĴڣǸŮǲȴ̸ЦմڸǱֻġơ 
ǾԼʦ÷ʦȴʼղüʦ壬Լʦ档ǸԼʦʦŮӣǸв³ֵŮӣǸ˾ĽŮӣһһʹһŮӡ 
վӰ٣飬⣬ 
˾ϣĸףǸ߹幫˵һŮΪλܵĻǰ˴󳼣ԭԹɽңӡһŵǧ𣬸һһϱ 
һصˡ 
׵һԹɽĳԧ졣 
ǣӰ٣飬⡣ 
罣˾ϣУƽȴԼУȻҪһп˾ϣԶ֪ĵӰӣһӰͿ͸ġ 
ǲ㶯֣˵ͬһ⡣ 
ҶĿǣʣҲҪȡֻҪ֪ΪҪΧɱɽׯ 
ʲôˣʡ 
ǺˣǶ˺θɡҶ˵տʼĲѾˣֻǾЩ䡣ҪĴ𰸣 
ͣһᣬһ˵ǲǰɽׯˣǣӦ֪ɽׯһֱ˾йأθǳȢҶүŮĻ£µˣ׼ͼı졣ȻǲǵóѣҲô˻᲼޵Ⱥ 
𣿻˳ıߣҶʡ  
                  
50
Ǿ׸ռҵĴӺͶġǻɽׯׯϣȢҶүŮĿĲռҶӸԵ˰ɽׯҶүŮһؼңҶĶСᵽ˶԰ɽׯׯϣĻɣ˾ľʱµĺˡռҶ̰Ϣ˻ϣ̾˶½ءһ˼˵ռҶӶԻ˵ҶүŮǸѩŮӣţǻỳɰɽׯȻľʱ¡ 
֪ģѵ͵ң͵ǷӸҶүŲɣǴɷΪҶյ˵ 
ţô˵أԾȵҶүŮУŮӿɲһ𣿡˵Ҷүǻǰسɲܲʣ 
Ҷѽк޺޵˵ 
⽫ǡһ˵̶ɵʣ㣬㵽ʲôˣΪʲôôࣿ 
Ҷһ⽫⻱Ǹߵˣѹֻнˣ˿ǳҲҪ޵佫ճڣıԣ˻Ǽн󣬳Ϊɫ佫 
⽫ľںδҶ˵Ĳ⣬ʵ 
ͨɽׯ״һʶĻشǰŮÿһⶼЩֵûɣǶȴԹԵĻشţӿǣشȻ 
䣬һƻãǰѾûҶӰӣһ㶣κ˳ֹĺۼղžͺһΣϵǳǳ˺ۣѪΪԼһĪΡ 
⻱ӪʮףҶͣס˽ŲЩɣҪԺְ취⻱˱أҲڱӪУҪνأѵҪԼĸײɣ 
˾ϣϻСѾҹߵʱѩͽɶҴҵĸȥˣϲûʲôˣʱҲæ뵽ҶһŮӲ뿪벽ԣͺ 
СˣյҲδġ 
˾ϣͻȻ𣬽鷢ͻȻչҶƽС٣ֻмɨūͣͻ䣬Ȼ˴ġ 
ѩͽѰңǽұ飬ȫҶӰ 
ѵׯ˲²⣬λҶﲢǸ򵥽ɫǺͨõģЩɵĿѩ˵ 
˾ϣüͷ壬첻 
ҴҴ˵ӣ⻱ׯ״פĶǳճڵ 
⻱˾ϣظһ£ȴЩҵģҶģĪ룬ԼǿۡԭΪǵŮӣһһѵվҲһЦֻǣôҲš˵ճڣǸɶõ˲ţ·˵ƻҪȥˡ 
ǡӦת뿪 
úңҪˣȴ⻱¡˾ϣѩͽɷԸһתҲȥ 
⻱ھӪڣĿ顣Ǹʮҵľ׳ӣƫݣǸɾüŨڷ 
о߽һλҶ 
⻱̧ͷž䣬ʣˣ£ 
λӣ˵ҶүеһλĻš 
⻱飬̧ͷš 
һλӴ˽еģ³룬嵭мɷ֮У⻱ʩºͶԣ⽫߶ˡ 
⻱Դ˵мֺøУоֹӦǸýĸıʿ 
£΢΢һЦ˵շΪʡҶүеһλĻšҶүУǰ⽫йҶСҶɽׯ֮¡ 
⻱һü΢Ц˵δ֪ͨҶү֪ģ 
һЦæ˵ڳΪ٣ҲСҶүΪϸǰسӵùүۣС¶֪ΪϷֵǣֻǽŲʣ˶һɣ 
⻱ľһ£ҶһССıҲ˴ƻˣ˾񣬷Ը䱸裬Ц˵÷Цˣڰɽׯ֮ⲻ֮ʵǲòСЩɽׯǽһׯǲԻ֮Ǳ֪ˣֻٲһս侪ճ̶ȾС֮˵ս¡ 
ʵ˵ͷǼǣ϶԰ɽׯǣвǷǡҶүҲǣԸ˴뽫¡ 
˵⻱˵ҶүǸεˣǲ֪Ҳϧ֮⣬ȻܣҶүǸõĴ󳼣ڱǲ˼ȶ˼ܡ  
                  
51
΢Ц˵ضҲֻǷҶүİţұ˴ү֪Ϊ漰ĶС㣬ԻĴ֮⣬Ҳǳ飬ǻϲ˵үȻҲѯʡЩ£үȴǵġСϾЩ֪үĿġ˵ɽׯׯϣүûлɣһĿǰɽׯѽ򣬴ʱ粨ԻĿǰ˵ֻƽɫռöٱˣǰɽׯǷѳйأҲֻڲ²УϲᣬҲƣֻͱ㴰ֽǱǳѳľɲ£ĽֻǱ췴Σ 
⻱˵ͷҶүȷʵǵꡣҲжЩļ 
¿ճɫ֮ͳͳɼξ֮󡣡΢Ц˵¿ֱ˵䲻ҵĻĿǰ֣뽭˿ֻ׶༪١ڽϣɽׯҲһӦ֮Χס˰ɽׯ½˽˲һյǳȥùܿܿ 
⻱˵ͷ̾˿˵Ҷүȷʵ˼ǣҲǹЩ⣬ϼڳɽׯд˻ᣬοϷţ 
ҶүҲ֪Ϊѡ̾˿˵ү򽫾˵ǸĻǶСסдֽϣУн֮ǣҶүԼŮȡƽȴ鷳Ǽƻ仯졣ռֵҲ³çǳ֮ˣʵ̫򵥣˶СеĻɣ˼⣬ֱϣǳЩǷǣ 
ҸУ˵СԭռҴ໳ȴϣǿƸߣպޣ˵飬Ҳ㲻ԭ¡⻱Ц˵ֻǣº˴ֵܶȴǲ֪顣 
ζ£Ӻ˻֮£üʣѵùƽƽ 
¿״Ԫ⻱˵óǲϲˡ 
δӣѿ˵δ˵ĴӺμ˵˺ռҶĹϵô£ҶθΪζһ٣ 
⻱һҪ˵ 
ľ˵ɽׯׯԹҪʱ˾š 
⻱һ㶣ʺҲһ£š 
⻱ܿ췴Ӧ˵Ҳ÷ʻرܣֻרעĿţҪԺյ꿡һ 
ֽһƣ˾ϣ 
⻱߽ˣʮͷ½üӢһ˵ĸ߹֮֮֮Ľ⻱̾˿ѹֽ˼֮֮ȻǸɫ 
⽫ˣΪβɽׯֱϲƣȴҪӪǷҪϣӭӲſ˳˾ϣһЦ˵ 
⻱Ը˱裬Ц˵ҲǸ֮ô߶ŹɽׯֻǾòˡ 
˾ϣһЦ˵ǲǻɰɽׯĳйأŲģҪո֣ǾðɽׯӭȢҶүŮ֣ˣ֣ϲϵ⣿ 
⻱ЩεһЦڨڨ˵ʳٺǣòΪ 
˾ϣ£˵Ȼˣ˾⣬⽫δ뿪ɡαΪѽϵѣǾ˽ҪúõһͨΣ 
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˾ϣŷʣʣǺˣ 
Ҷүеһλıʿʷ⻱мʸղŲ廰ԼΣһ͡ 
òĵ˵ͷ˵뿪ʱү£ҪһҪС㣬Ļӵ 
ڰɽׯǷ£ϣȥɽׯ˾ϣģ˵ȴһ˿ʹƼ٣С 
áˬĴӦ 
һͻȻֱ̳˾ϣʺ⻱Өݵ񣡡ֹӣ飡 
˲䣬û˿ô£Ǵ̳ĽļһλŮӵĲϡŮһţӲվţҶ۾ȴһݾĽ֮⡣ 
˾ϣջؽݸŮӣ˵´βҪЦ㸸ϰģֻʱѾɥȪ 
Ө㣬ʲôʱܵˣ⻱ŭʣ˾ϣ˵лղŲɱµСŮӨƤ֪ʱ˾Ӫǲ͵͵ģ  
                  
52
ӨЩɬĿһ˾ϣǰһһ͸Ź˵ζһһŭС˵ڼҺģԾ͸ˣôʲô 
⻱գ˵棬ֲö˵ʲôֻεЦЦ˵ĸ׳軵ˡ 
΢΢һЦ˵˵⽫СŮǸŮӣϰ䣬񿴣ȻзƯҲǲׯո߳˵˵ֻǣС㣬ǾӪ͵͵ǻ֪ˣֻ»㸸׵黹ǲҪĺá 
𣿡Ө΢΢һЦŷʣƤ˵ǣȴ˼ҽҶүŮڣԶСҶ㣬ƯҼǴҶү谮ңѵұҶС㻹Ҫɫ𣿡 
ʧЦ˵⻰νźãֻ˵ո˵˭˭̡ 
α˵ĻҡӨһƲ죬˵Щıûйô˵˭ЩþǺãþǲãʲôҼҶһƯԵˣ˾־ǶƯ֪֮ȷʵѷɫЩϾҲǾһŮӡҾҲеģûУеģûС 
ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦû˵ 
Ө񡣷˵òҶСȣȷʵǸҶСֻǲ˵նǴҶ㣬Ѿͷȥѵʱڼ⻱۰˵װģѵŮ䣬ٿŷʣЦЦ˵Ī⣬⺢Ǹ軵ˣһŮңҲǨƢ 
Ө˾ϣʣǰɽׯׯѽᣬҼ绹ҪᡣձǶߣҶûпζҵĽġȻղǶģҲʦʦҲЩҺ𣿡 
˾ϣһЦ˵èĹֻǴɰСЦˡ 
˵Ǹʲô˾ľʱµĺˣ𣿡Ө̲סʡ 
Ө⻱ֹһңɺͳ棬뿪 
һӦ˵˵Ө뿪һ޿κΣӦŮӵĸ硣 
ӨԸ뿪ſڣͻȻѸ֣˻ܵ˾ϣǰ˵ׯķǳĳ㣬Ҳϲ㡣 
˾ϣ΢΢һЦм⣬ûбֳֻǵ˵ͷº͵˵ϣллСĺ񰮡 
⻱һεĿԼŮ֪˵ʲôźá 
һ߰ĿţϿʲô顣 
Ȼһ֮ӨʲôǷŭ⻱һ㶣뿪ʣߵ棬ԼŮذɽׯɽڵһλٽ 
ƾʲôܵҸץˣӨ˵˵¾Ϳ۸Ҹ𣿣 
һŭȴҷ۹ټǵ⻱ģС㣬һֱĿ֮жšֻǿѹŭ˵С㣬벻Ҫоֻµ˵ϣܵ£㸸һӦˣæּɽׯˣɱۣ 
ƾ㣬ɱϣǲ֪ߵغ񡣡ӨмһЦ̫߿Լˣֻ¶һаʽ 
㣡ϹҲסˣŭ˵ǣǾȻҰŰɽׯ˵Ƿˣ 
ʲôǰɽׯ˵Ǽӵòѹ򣡡Ө˵֪һ£Ǻ޲һͷײˡ㲻úõľӪܵҸ׵ľӪפʲôҲѽ 
㣡㣡㣡˵ 
ץȥ빦αغһŮ˾ϣ˵ǰ٣˵ֻǣҪץңվ⣬ߡ 
żҲ໰һ¡ 
Сģѿں 
⻱üͷ壬ŭ˵ˣ㵨ӿǲС 
˾ϣ̧ͷԼʮңŹΧͰһ㣬ϣһ£һͬɿռ֡ 
˾ϣüͷһ壬һ߼ıʶ罣էۣľ 
罣⻱Ằѽϵģѽй棬ʱ龰ˡ 
˹˾ϵ 
Сģͷ֣缴šһԳѡ 
˾ϣнһХ֮紦ļ׷¡ڵϵļðŻ磬ǴĿ 
ţ׼ͣҵҪһЩ˵˵˷Ըȡ׼ӲֻȡһУʱԽ̵¡  
                  
53
ˣСˣӨŽȥһˡ 
Ȼ죬ǱӨĽѣųһ亹ҰѾͷЩ书⽫ѵѵӵŮȻΪһ͢ﷸ͢ĹԱǲˡһȥҪһ 
ˣϣֺֻǲϳȥ⽫ҶүͻҪҶүŮҶүֻǵʱ򣬺δҲ˵˵ңϿʥּơгսǱɵң 
һ㶣ŤͷǰλӣǺˣ 
ס֣͸һ˵ϣ⡣ 
һбӨ˵ΪҪģҵɱ˰ɽׯˣҹһȥҲŹ 
ʿűʿΧм˾ϣȻɫƽԵЩרע˷£һӦŽΧסԼһʱ֮ڲ缴ţӦ 
ӰһӨֻһգеĽ֪ʱܵ˷ʵУҲ֪۽ˣǽƺǳ۾бƵæңУ˾;òһеĽѹ 
ס֣ 
˲һû˽Ӳڵأж˵סס֣ 
ľʿûӨһԿż̴ס֣Ȼ˾Ҫ군ˣ 
ľʿ˼ûȻ䣬Ϊһʱ룬˾ϣ̵˿գһһԾļ׷أԾȦ⣬Ĵļһ𣬷ž˲Ľơ 
л˾ϣδԳʲôǱ̬֮ſ˵ķʵл̬Ȼѡ 
ҡҡͷС£ҳݡеĽһݡ 
ֻòһۣ̾ˣˡ˫һ˵ϡ 
üͷ壬˿еĽЩɻĶԵڵϵ˵Ҳδɱ㣬սôģ 
˾ϣƺЩɻ󣬿˿ʣȴû˵ʲô 
һԵӨЦ˵ȻûɱֻɱһΣһʱѲˡĽʵǾҾȻһҲûǸոյһУ߽һӷ϶в˵ĵ֮Уǳϣʵǡ˵أŮУǼΪƮݣһͷãʵǿϧĺܣΣ 
΢΢һЦݻظе˵С㱾ŲգѧһаʽŸҺڰɡ⽫ֻҪʰ 
⻱˵ͷõģû뵽ͷԴҲǳڵģУ¾ȻҲȻСŮԣĵһУǾƼ򵥣ȴǡ֡ 
佱ˡЦЦ˿˾ϣׯ׼һҪЩ˼һԲҿ⽫ɽׯΪУΪ͢ԱֲòΪӦȫ֮ߣƹǷǡ 
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵Ҫ̻ɽׯΧסɽׯ̫̫ӣȥ˽ϵѣһս¶⣬⽫ܹãǲɣҲֻ̬չȥʱ޷ 
⻱ͻȻ˵֪ׯ뿪ǰɷ˵仰 
˾ϣ˿⻱ʣ£ 
Ҫʼׯղýйص⡣⻱˵ׯϵһʱʱ䣬ׯ˽ϼ䡣ɷ񣿡 
˿⻱˾ϣ˵ͷŵȻתͷԷ˵ո˵ҶүлҪתҶҺ⽫˵ϼ仰ʹȥɽׯҶԺһᡣ 
ʵ˵ͷ 
˾ϣ⻱ʣ⻱̧ʾ˶뿪˾ϣ£һ²˵ֹӣ˾ʲôϵɷ£ 
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵⽫ӦòǸˣΪͻȻ뵽⣿ 
õĽĳǿĻӦ罣ɣ⻱˵ѽǰʱӡΪ̣֪ε䰮˾ʦͽϵʲôĹϵѽУϵͬš 
˾ϣı飬뷨 
ˡ⻱²⣬ֹӦ˾İͽ⻱˾ϣ罣УҲܻĽС㱾ǰɽׯׯӦԵΪƫƫԽΪΨһĽ;ǣʦ˾󡣡  
                  
54
ǵһ˵ý˵ĳйԱ˾ϣ˵ѽȷʵ˾ľ˽⡣ 
⻱˵ͷɫЩص˵ƣΪĽûмƽȴ罣ǿţǷ˼꣬˾һ˵ڣһѽõѪڡ֣ǡϧδƽݣֻ˵ͬһͬһͬһศɣǺ϶Ϊһ˵޵У 
˾ϣһЦ˵ֻţδü˫赣ֻлᡣ 
֮ǰһϯ˵ĳп̾ѡ⻱˵˾Ȼһ֮ԵԴˣȴΪ壬꣬ĴգҲͲᡪĪᣬɽׯôѾ򣬶Ǳ񣬻һֱΪĲΪҶźŪ¶ˣʵ⡣ 
˾ϣһЦ˵ҶȷʵǸŮӣԽͿԲ²⵽ɽׯ˾ǰĹϵϣоĽҲ޷ɽׯǱ񣬵˾ǰ׷ߣԴΪ޷ֻǻľѡңҶҲֻǰѻɸ֮丸û˽ż֮ϣд¶ˡ 
⻱ЦЦ˵ԹӢѹ˹ءֹȷʵǶϧ֮ġҼҶＸ棬ȷʵǸѩŮӣȣԭóȥҶ׵ġ 
˾ϣһЦδ 
˱⻱˵ҲȰҲض£Ǽ˽ϵˣĿǰϵֻŪƾУռöٵıˡ磬Ҿˮˮĺá 
ԼߣԼ˼룬αֻҪδ¡˾ϣ˵񲻵ΧסɽׯֻˣҲϰݣվӲһҡ 
⻱һ㶡 
Ө˽˾ϣ˵ոǸͷˣ֮ǰҰŽ㣬תǸҶ˵ҶүĻдˣҶСͺá£ڴ˶ˣи 
˾ϣֽӹţŲδڣֻһֽëдüѣˣ΢ݣ͸һݳ֣ᡢƵ԰ 
˾ϣ΢ü֣⡣ҶүȻǡ 
ǣҶģΣҶûʲôϵֻΪĽҶ¶ˡôһɽׯҶܶ 
˾ϣ⻱˵ɽׯڻЩûдϣҲҪˡ⽫תһͬţвʣԿʱ˵ȺңΪѽϵѡ˵䲻Ļľ˽еѣ£ǰҲռ 
⻱˵ͷȴһ˾ϣ˵һҲǱڰɽׯĽ֪ͨǵˣΧ£Щ͢ٱһҲռ 
صɽׯһׯţѩҴӭ˵ˣǻˣѾҵٷ 
˾ϣһһ˻紵ֱӰȥһԾ͵ȺʱĴϣ˳ˮ˶԰Ϥ·˰кžӴȥ 
ĶӭĽɣ˾ϣ򵥵ʡ 
һЦ˵ٷ￴ءĴﶼˣ˭뵽ٷһС¥Ų裬飬ңĺܣҵʱѾ˯ˣʪͷ֪ɢһĳֻż׺ë磬ֻǻЩ硣 
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ̸ϵǸȥڵߴ㣬ǴССĸ¥˶ģ٣衣 
Ҷڿٴ̨ϣ˯š΢ʪڼϣ׺ëΧӵ׾͸һ˿Ĺ󡣿˯ 
Ҷ£˾ϣḧҶ΢ЩݣͷԼҲ˵׵㡣 
ʮδѰһ˵Լӵе飬Ű䲻Ů˵İ꣬Īµһʱнյľ棿񣬿ҶĵͿ֡ 
ƺԼҪصϣҵƺͻȻʹһ㣬ֵҪɣͣϵʲôҹͳͳԺ 
Ҷ˾ϣѣۣ΢Цʡ 
ˡ˾ϣҶ뻳˵ô˯̫æˣչ㣬һڵϹÿɺã 
Ҷ΢΢ЦЦ˾ϣӣ˵ãɿķ羰٣ˣϲˣůôÿ顣鴦 
ûˡ˾ϣ۽һٴΰҶ뻳УƺֻžİЩ  
                  
55
Ҷһ죬ŤŤӣ΢Ц˵ϵ˿Ϊ㣿ǲ˽ҵż֪ˣͲҪ໳ȫͬˡ 
ʲô໳磡˾ϣ˵˵Ϊ˴̶ƺ˾ϣޣθɡ 
Ҷһü̲סЦ˵ѽ֣һ˳ȥʲô˵˲ϿݡСʶ໳硪 
˾ϣסҶ죬Ե˵˵ǲٲκˣҡ 
ͲҶֻӦŵȴ룬νй£˾ϣ˶ӣ˵źúõĽܲ 
ðɡ˾ϣӣ΢Ц˵м£ʱ㸸׸еһλĻӷŸ㡣ʲôʡ 
Ҷ˾ϣ΢üͷ˵ʣûӡ󡣸Ÿңһˣ 
Ǹ൱ǻ۵ˣһһа֮⣬ȻòϿ൱ͨûʲôɫ˾ϣ˵书ȴ֣ЩĪϤȴ˵ϤĶƺһһʽͬҪһһʽƵġ 
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵׸һ˵ƺ㲻£ϸ룬ûз˶˵ 
˾ϣŴϸ꣬һ˵⻱״ɽׯٱΧͰ״ֻһʱĻɢȥɽׯҪһʱŻᰲǻȥɣ㶨Ƕˣóˣһ뿪ҹ 
Ҷ˵ͷʵ˵ĶˣûкúõĳԵ㶫 
˾ϣһЦҶ˵ѾͷԶٺõģֲһ˶Ĵ󡣡 
Ҷֵ˾ϣУվ˵ͷ˵ðɣ͸ᣬ˵С 
˾ϣһЦ֣˸¥ 
ҶЩãȻӦþǽ˰ɣҪӣǣҲЩɣϾ죡 
ոҪԵ㶫˴Ҵ˽ǺŶˣԥһ£ٵ˵ӣййһȥ⻱ıӪǶ˴ׯȥһ£⣬ǲס 
˾ϣüͷһ壬˵Ҳǣʲôʱѧû᲻ԶΪСȥȥ 
Ҷ˿ãӵùҹ 
˾ϣ뿪Ҷһ˳һЩȷʵЩˣԺúõĳԵ㶫ϴϢ˾ϣ书в˿κ 
ҵĽŲ˸ոҪ˯ŵҶæҶӣλƵԼüӰ 
ѩҶỽһ˯µľѩʱӦڸ 
ûӦ 
Ҷ΢üͷӴůů磬ţ涼ЩɽׯˣƺǸոմ˾ϣҲСź˾ϣŭ 
βſϰ 
䲻ΪޣҿΪǿ˵ȢҶźʵĻǹϵܣȴϣ 
죡˾ϣǿѹŭѹ˵˭˻ƵĻ 
˵׿ڸҵģ˵ԭȢҶԭǷ޵ݣһ죬ҶλԲ 
Ҷź΢΢һ㶣֪ԼǸӣû뵽ǸҪעӡ 
ԼѩֹλСЩٷڷЪϢôֺģֻǻᳳ 
ĶԻˣͻȻڻһ̸۵ˣԲ˵ˡѩŵڵδԼüҶڴϣϢƽȣڳ˯Уг˿Һûг 
ŮӣȻֵˡò״⻱Ƕ˻Ȼ 
ˣʲô֣ǲ½ϵЦεӦׯĪµģ΢΢Щŭ֮⣬ΪҶǸƽŮӣûнеԾѹ˵ 
ѩ˾ϣѩԷ˳ʡ 
ã˯šѩ˵һСЩȥ˵ȥôֻ࣬ǻᾪŵ 
ŲһȥˡҶڰɫۣһ˵ƣ˵ס  
                  
56
ʱ˾ϣŻѾϨ𣬰ӰпҶģֻһĲԵӰƽȵϢֻԼһְ˵ĸоڿš 
峿ĳȾ˴Ҷ𴲣һû˯ãЩľ뵡ۣת˯ߵ˾ϣ΢΢һ£Ǻʱģ 
ˡ˾ϣ΢ЦǵģŶ 
Ҷһ£΢΢Щ⣬΢Ц˵㵽ǾѣҸո׼𴲾㡣йɺã 
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵⻱һˣȥ˼䣬֣ӨӨ⻱ŮҲһգ£˶֣һǸȥʱ⻱ѽ˸Ȱ⡣û¡ 
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҳ˵⻱ǳһλ佫Ҳ־һգҺıԡǶ𣿳ȥվǸֻµ󲻹ﻢ¡סЩϵˣʱ̵ʱ䳤ˣżˣֻ»Ѱ˭Ҳռˡ 
˾ϣ˵ͷ̾˵ȻǴܵ⻱ҲǸˣ˱ֻǲ֪ԼѾŸ㸸ףڻǰһ¡ 
Ҷûеͷȴ֮⡣񣬻һټɽׯ״˾Ĳ״ʱȥȰϣֻǻǳǷϲ˱Ǩŭڸ׼˾ϣ֪ľ档 
ʲô˾ϣ΢Цʡ 
ҶĿ˾ϣ˵ҵĴ 
˾ϣü˵ЩǼƻûг֮ǰˣһᾡܵĲ˺֣ԭȷʵҪݿǸ׵ĽӽĻϣֱӴڣҼȻȢΪޣȻ㵣ַգӵ˺ҶүϾҲĸ׸ǰһλ 
δҶ˵⴫ߵ 
ʲô£˾ϣ΢ 
˵ӣǺ⻱˴˵ϸոʥּٹʱǾҪʼɽׯ׼ 
˾ϣüͷһ壬ͷ 
Ҷһ£Ǻ񣬺úõЩ¶ˡ˵ȥ⻱Ӧǣ 
ȥҲ⻱Ȼ϶ǲϣ͵Ϯ֮٣ǽҲռʲôˡúõţҳȥ˾ϣ΢Ц˵ 
ҶһҡͷҶһҪȥֹ̬񻯡ʵлɣһŭҼ޵ɽׯҸ˲֮⣬ֻ¸ȥ˵˱֮£һŭ˻ϣൣĸ׻Ƿǣ䳯лһ븸׹ϵõĺδˣʱ϶һҪȥ⻱д׵ţ 
˾ϣٳֹҶȴѾϴ£ϵı鿴ȫûءֻðȥɡԼߣʲôء 
˷ţվſڣϵıЩأ˾ϣҶһͬЩȻȴ֪˵ʲôźá 
˾ϣҶҶ֮ı飬üǳǳ˼ǣȻ̲ס΢΢һЦСѾͷı鶼˵ĿɰڣٲҲǿֵġ 
ڶţҶҪ⻱ҪԻ 
⻱ӪѾڼԱԵЩҡ˾ϣҶ˳ҲվǣĿǰҵȺ˵ͨ󽫾˵Ҷ 
ǿųﰲվŵҶһŮӣգ۵ţ͸Źˮ֮Ųɵĸ߹֡ 
ǵͨ⻱ӭ˳ҶһŮӣƽδйκεĽ̸ӨŸһͬ˳ĿҶ˾ϣһĽ 
ԭҶ׵Ӫ⻱º͵ʣԳŮӺкøУһԼŮŮӣһᶯˣһ 
󽫾ԳӭӣҶҲǲòšҶ΢Цţ˵󽫾չǰһ棬Ҷм仰Ҫһչӡ 
⡪⻱Щԥ 
Ҷȡ֣׼ɽׯ֮ʵҳȷʵҪѯһչӣɷҶһ棿ҶվڳУȴաԹޣ˵ᱻ˼ƻǸƾʲô˽żǳ˵Ƿǣ 
⻱˵ͷΧ˵ɢȥҶׯ뵽˵ˣչӵӪһ𣬾˵Ҷ˴ 
Ӫʣ˾ϣҶ£еҶЩ΢΢ЩоóҶдʱǷҡ  
                  
57
ҶáҴ˽ǵҶ̲סܿĵкһ˾ϣеҶ֣ȴЩͣס˽Ų˵ɺã 
ҶĿʣɷһΪ׮ҶҲмʮĽ飬ΪҪʣҸģҶ޵ӣԶţױģ񱻳йٱΧڰɽׯΪ׮ 
⡪ЩȻ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźã 
ԭӦҶҵӣҿҪλȥҶ˵Ҿ˻ϣĵױǻϸǰسôͿŮ޸볯͢͵ˣɽׯڽҲһʱһ̣ôƫƫҶ˽ǵûɱΧɽׯҸױǳձȨĹԱûǺ˴󵨵ǲ󽫾չӸĽͣ 
⻱һ㶣˵⣬⣬Ǻδˡ 
δˣҶһЦ󽫾㱾ҸµһλûҸ׵ͿԷ±߽ս²Ųʣܵһϵɽׯǲѳĺˣνͣһ佫ӵķԸҲ޲ɣֻǣҸںδûϺ͹ҰΣںδ 
ǣѾʥּѿڶ 
Ϊγ˴㣿Ҷѽû˶²ţЩǷǡ 
в˵ôǿɣйأ븸ϸ֮Щ˵ò˵Լ˽ż£޲ôʱиضȥҪٳ 
㣬ô˽ҵżѯЩ˽£Ҷ֪ʣ޺޵˵֪˭ײЩʲôȻɰɽׯ뵱ѳйأǡĺܣϵ˶֪ɽׯǱ֮ˣ볯֮͢˴򽻵ѵȢ˵سŮ˵Ǹ£ȴ¶ˣǵôҲðúõһŪģ 
һ㶣Ƿȷʵдģֱ˾ǳ͢һֱڻġ˾󡱣ѵбˣ 
Ǹ׵һλʱѣһλС뽭֮УҶֻǻׯŮӵĺˣԲ븸Լ£øϸ顣Ҷ룬ǻԼķΪǸ˵ĺˣϷ»˲ɣҶ˲õҶ˵ȴƽֻЩģҶʣ¹عҰΣĴſ˵ֻǻἰɽׯһλׯˣȴӢţĶѡ㣬Ȼ¶ˣǺδҲǺͿҶ󽫾仰δˣϣƽǰͲң 
һϣ֪βźã⻱ȴ⻱һãȻƺҲӦ⡣ 
⣬⻱Щɵ˵ϣҲֻǡ 
ҲֻʲôҶ΢ЦʣھǣʱЩĽ֮£һõ֮ϵľֻĳλ󳼵Ļɾʹæ˾˵ЦǸƫƫŵҶվҪ󽫾Ҷ֮¸֮ڻϣǻӺδ˵İţҶǻϿ˼һ£ʥĽۡ 
⻱ֻõ˵ͷʵҲɽׯǲ֪ڵİɽׯǲԻǹ˽ȥֻһҲռĿǰȻռţǾ˽ϵˣ׷˹˵Ҳ 
˿ȥ˽ƻеƺ󵽻ϵּ⵽㡣⻱˿ҶЩֻǻҪúõ˼˼ϾҶĸǳձȨĴ󳼣ˣҲǺ飬Ͼ¼Уֻ˵ǹһζѡ 
δ˺ҶүĹϵһֱãǴҶ֪ġͺμҴӵ˽ȴãԣˣҪôʵԼĸҪôҲϲλҶǰŮӣѹᶯġ 
˾ϣʼû˵ҶٵӦǰˣ˵Ļ޿ޣеЩȻһλŮӣȴͷѣԴоݡ 
ҪȥǼ 
ӨһֱĿҶŮʵǲϤҲûûʲôӡ󣬺ǸŮӣЩģȻº͵΢Цȴô׽ȴԼǰһһŮӡ 
ΪҪ޸أӨʣһ͢سǧС㣬һӣزʶδѵͽƾһ֮ԵͿϼ𣿡 
ҶһЦ˵Եע֪ҶС㣬ȻҪӸĸ֮ĸȻ˿ɼޣȻͻޣ׺ˣֻ˵Ҷȴ⣬ɲҶβʡ 
Ө΢һüͷ˵סңԲϼޣ 
ҶһЦЩºαŪûһɻ  
                  
58
ͻȻţһʱ֮䣬֪˵Щʲôźá 
Ҷַ˾ϣУ΢΢Щ⣬Ľ޷εĲڽյСʮ꾭ʵ⣬ʵţ֪һҪӦǴˣҪ԰ɽׯˣ 
ôˣ˾ϣº͵ʡ 
Ҷҡҡͷ΢ü˵˾ϣ˵ʵҶֲԤ֪ĺܺ£ԸƽһκβáƽԶᱻעˣҵ롣 
˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣һʱ֮䲻֪˵ЩʲôźãֻǽҶ֣ȴ֪ΰοŮеĻ̿֡ 
ƻеӣһ˶Ŵٲ飬ǿ£Ҫá 
⻱ʱƺ󵽻ϵּ⵽ȵϵּҪһЩʱ䣬˾ϣҶ뿪ȵϵּ˵һֻǻϵĿͣҪʥּźá 
һ·ϣҶĬЩ㱣֪Щʲôϣ῿˾ϣϣȴ˾ϣоĴڣʵľԼǰȴңԶ޷˾ϣӿһݱ 
ҶƺԶԼ 
ׯ԰ĴţׯĪӭ˾ϣҶĪ˳ץ˾ϣĸ첲ĵʣϣ磬û°ɣôԵȥأˡ 
˾ϣʶĿһߵҶҶıƽĺܣƺʲôҲûԶ΢Ц˵û£Һܺã㲻ҪġСû°ɣôһֱڷ 
Ҷ˵£ֻϻʲôķӦҪδĿǰ顣 
ȥɣΣ޷˾ϣҶ֣˵㲻̫⣬ֻҪúõľͺá 
̫ˣ£ľ棿һѾŮӾȻһİŸˣϣελã˵㻹һλǧС㣬ҿҲˡ 
ҶƤҲû̧һ¡ 
Ī𣬡Ҫ¡ 
ҶȻûκεķӦֻǰվš 
㣬̫ˣû˵ɽׯľɲһʱɵ𣿡ĪҲһԲ˵Ū棬һǨǾ𡣡 
ҲҪ˵ˡׯ΢˵𣬲ǻΧɽׯֳͻģǰһЩʱαذζҶϣֲҶһһҪ޵ǰɽׯɲвʣвɡ 
ҶͷҲ̧۾еʪ⣬ǿĲ£˵ãȻֻſһ㵽û˵ĵطúõĶ˵Լ⻱Ľ滹ռϷģΪΣĵȻ˵أ 
СˣҴȥϢʲô֪ͨҡ˾ϣҶƣ˵ûʲô飬ҲȥϢһ°ɣҪ͢ΪŪĲ 
ׯ˵ͷ˵ɢ˰ɡ 
˾ϣҶضӵСҶصڣڴϱ۾װ˯ֻ˯߿ӿ˵ĹĺͲɡǰԼ˺ʱ򣬾ͺ޲ôӴ˯ȥһѡ 
С䣿˾ϣڴرϣº͵ʡ 
Ҷ۾Ĵӿ˵˾ϣⲻҪҪֻһݿ԰ĵأƽճ䣬㣬˾ĺˣңһӣǲ밮㣬ֻ޴ȥ޷ȥҶ㣬һ죬˻ϣ뽫ҶĨȥҶ԰һ˴ţһɾСԺӵһůޱɶС˵һȵĲ裬Ҷ͸мɰˣǰĶ࣬ң---ءһѾƶ 
˾ϣ֪ҶΪͻȻ˵䣬֪˵ʲôźã˺ð˵ǲԹң 
Ҷȴ۾˵ͺ˯һ㣬ĺţ۽ȴǳǳۡ 
ĳȷʵǸ⡣˾ϣ̾˿Ҷ֣˵ȷʵǵļƻҲȷʵҪΪҸױҵ飬ԭӦ۵㣬ǼƻҪһ볯͢йأݱȽŮӣԷΪڻĻƤ½ǵļƻ㸸ǵسĸ׵ѡŮѡ㡣ҪѡҶоĴ侲Īµע⣬иȾңҲѡ㡣ȷʵǸ⣬Ǽƻе⣬Ȣʱ򣬲Ҫ㣬Ҫúõ㣬ǣû뵽Щ黹˺㣬Ƿǳѹңǲ˺㣬ֻϣʹҸ  
                  
59
ҶЩݣҪ˵ʲôȴţѩЩεζ˵ˣׯȥһˣ˵Ҫ 
֪ˣ͹ȥ˾ϣ΢ӦȻ˿ڴϵҶҶ֣˵ˣúЪЪɡȥɽׯ￴شһŻϵξٶȻýɰЩóԵģ㻹ûгԷء 
ҶûκεķӦ˾ϣ뿪ĽŲڻۿ̾˿˵ţ˾ϣ밮ңҲѵʱúõİң㣬վҸðģ㣬ϾһεˣҪúõȥ㣬Ҳվûʱúõȥ 
ٷˣЩɡº͵ڶϣѾˣѩҲȥˣߵʱԸչЩʲôūȥ 
Ҷ̾˿˵ֻһ˾Ĵᣬû£ɢȥɡ 
ٷˡЩỽһҶ۽ǵˮʪ 
Ҷ˵۾ⲻһᣬ뿪ԼϷŵһҵļį 
˾ϣ߽Ī¿ԼɷһۣŬֵºͣͳ˵ϣмҪǰļƻҶӦ̤صİŶԣ̤صİ㣬ͲԸȦУΪ޺ 
˾ϣ£ޱ顣 
ڵһҲ㣬ʲôʱ˶ƸУѵľ£ѵҲҪΪһŮʧвɣĪ˵Ŀ˾ϣǵģ㣬ѾʼŲҶѾͷΪԸԭеļƻ 
˾ϣ˵޹ҲΪҶ 
ϣĪҡҡͷ˿ׯ˶ٲ˵㲻㲻ѵôѪҪעˮΪ㣬常Щ¾ͲҪˣֻҪ㣬㲻԰˽˸ŵҹҶȷʵǸùǣΪǸùſ԰ǵļƻѾȥ˾ǣҲվͻᴫҶүϹؽεϢʱҶضҪȥԼĸףǸʱ򣬾ӽõĻᣡ 
˾ϣûпϵıȴǳء 
ϣҲ̫ģֻ룬ʱѩػҶҶﲻգʱȻ˰ϿҶ֣ʵǱڰаҲ֪ѩصΣ룬Ӧǲʲô¡ׯȵ˵ĸҲΪãΪϲҶﵢ˴¡ 
ǰĪ˵ѩǺеĵӣҲǰɽׯΪɫһŮӣֻŵĵӣóöǶ飬Ĳصģǵ£ֻǰ룬˵ǵĵȫǶġ 
˾ϣ̾˿ٻ˵ƣҶƣıǰȥôҲɢȥ·ԹԹĳ֡ 
ȷʵǸ⣬һȫû뵽⣬ƻǴҵѪҲΪҸ˵оôҶŬעˮһŬġ˾ϣ˵ 
һӰĵȥ˵ݴΡ 
ߵҶһ£ϤģӦʦģԼʦڰɽׯ£֪⼸ʦιģ 
ʦҶŬԼº͵˵Ӵűƿʦº͵ЦݳǰʦһϵʦΪʦǸ޷רĵŮӣʼǸֵͷŮӣһֱʦݣҲһʦԼȻҶϣֻҲڻĽҰι˲ǡ 
÷˵ĿԼͽܣոĻȫǸ⣬ԼĶϣȻԼͽܷ˺õĹԲܵκε˺ 
ɺã 
Ҷ㶣ʦı˵ʲôҪ˵áʦʲôҪ߷𣿡 
С÷ԥһ£ԼĶҲɣҲø˺һȫ޹ĺŮӣŮӻųҶһѩŮӡ 
˵Ҷʦ£ţҲ£΢Цţ˵ʦǵ˾ϣõģ㹻úõĻȥһþޱȡ 
Ҳǵǵ㡣÷˵ӦʦҪȥϣԶҲҪǰˣʧҲǻһ̾ϢΡ 
Ҷ΢üŬ΢Ц˵ʦΪ˵ȴ˼⣬ѵʦʲô 
÷˶٣˵ǲҪ㣬һĸףҪȥɱϡ֪ɽׯǱ֮ˣ֪Ǻǰ˾йϵҲû뵽ǻȥɱϣѡ㣡  
                  
60
Ҷһ㶣÷аʱǷ㶵ģִʱը֮˵ԭԼ˾ϣ˵ֻһըһҪ۵Լĸĸ 
˾ϣ˵ҪѡҶоĴ侲Īµע⣬иȾңҲѡ㡣 
ҲΪʵвʣҪƽˣǰȻĴ̼Լ˵ȴã֪ȻǱԼԼδ֪һЩΪҲԸеڣֻԼĽ 
һ룬ȻʧЦϵı鿴ϲ 
÷˵ôҪʦ뿪ʦɽׯЦҲκεǰ֣ʦġԷǳأҲġ 
ҶͻȻ䣬Ͼֻʮ߰ͣȫãȻǰƭ˱ЦƷ񣬵˹Ŵաͳͳ֮ϣΣЦΪһֹߣǰһŮ˿ģһ˳ɾʹҵЦ 
ͷ߰ģ֪Щʲô 
÷ỽһ 
Ҷ̧ͷʦ˵뿪ã뿪ˣ㵽ѰĵطҵĸĸҪΰãҵĽҪΰãɽׯܷŹǣ 
÷һʱ˵ٷˣ𣿽׼һЩˣҪҪЩ 
Ҷ˵ҲԶ°ɣ飬Ȼǡ 
ƺЩԥһᣬĵ뿪 
Ҿɽׯ뿪ʱ֪ͨңֻҪһӣҾͻ㣬뿪÷˵ϣˣҵ뿪ˣǱֻ֣»鷳Щ 
Ҷ˵ͷĿǰʦ뿪 
÷뿪һٷĹ˾ϣ͸˻ƿţһҵİҶһţ顣 
С˾ϣẰ 
Ҷ̧ͷ˿˾ϣһЦ˵ˣˣϿϢ£⼸գ˾ǿҸĸҪҰæǰ׼ 
˾ϣһ㶣ʶʣҪæ 
֪Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ô֪ҪЩʲôɣѩһͬȥɣæģʱһȥˡ 
ΪҪǶˣ˾ϣһ˵ʱԼúʲôڸʱרڷеԼδ⣬˵ʱһΧӦûʲôˡ 
ѩǸϸĵĹ˵ѩõū澣أҲʶĺͰɽׯйص˰ɣ˵ö뵽ǶһؾǡҶȻҲǵģҵһŻ״Ҫ鷳ȥûп԰æģǶˣǳʲô⣬иӦģҶҲɰҶȫġңرϾĪµˣţֻ¶ŷ˺ͶɰЩ 
˾ϣ㶵ĿҶѵµʲô 
ʵҶֻǲ²⣬ѡˣֻʱһֿǣʦ˵ɽׯȻҪȥɱϣ̾뵽ȥɱϣЩ˱ضǲĵģΪΪǲյģضҪһһͬȥѡľ˾ϣߵˣԼĪĪ¶йϵˡֱ׼ģֻѩͽɡҶѾ֣ÿµʱ˾ϣ뿪С˱ضѩǽɣÿµʱ򣬱ɳһأҲ˵ڰɽׯһ൱⡣ 
ԣѡ 
ȵ˵ɡ˾ϣº͵˵в֪ǻҪѡĸĸЩӣҰǽסЩӲǸãؾǣ;Ͷ٣ǳġ 
ãϸ·ѡҶ˵ 
ɴ˽Ϊ˾ϣʱ˹ţպ߹˶УҶҲѾ˴ϢЦ˽΢Ц˵ӣٷˣǲǶˣūȥΪ׼ЩóԵģ 
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ôһ˵һЩˣҪԵ㶫ˣȥ׼ɡأҪҪԵ㶫תͷ˾ϣº͵ʡ 
˾ϣһ˵ĸоҶº͵Цݣº͵º͵ľֹȴо˿ůֻһĪľУ·Զ޷ĵطȻһ־Ϳ壬ʱ԰ڻУңԶľͺ㣬˸оκº͵¶ȡ 
ԼĲصôҲĵط  
                  
61
ϵּ⴫ʱҶĿ飬Թ˾ϣȥɽׯǱ£ѩͬȥ½չҶ 
һֱվţ͵͵Ĺ۲ҶҶİ޷֪ǰλŮӵϲǱٷˣ񲢲ˣǲסòߣǡ 
Ҷ̧ͷº͵ĿŽɣ룬֣ԼȻûһūϣǸһλǧСϣδԼֱǽȻ෴ˡҺܺã㲻صġǰʲôϢ𣿡 
аɣ˵ϵʥּˣʱֹͣ԰ɽׯΧʱϵ뿪ɽׯ˵ϻ׼ѡһλ빬Ϊɵ˵ͷ˵˵ģ˵ǸոյʱǰŵϢ⻱ɲ֮ģƣӺׯ򸾶Ѿʼͽϵ뿪ˡ 
Ҷ˵ͷе飬˵ѽáɣʰ׼վͻؾȥҵĸĸûѡλá 
ؾǣһ㶣ΪʲôҪȥסŲͦõ𣿡 
ȥĸҶ˵ŮޣҪŵĲ𣿶֪ɲԴѩأ 
˾ϣ˽ʩ˳ȥ 
Ҷа룺񲻹Ǹɽׯׯ˵æµһ˻ϣҪæʲôӣԼһλΣԼū˵仰įĵűң 
Ѿ⻱˱˾ϣº͵˵񽭺ϵǶ׼뿪ˡû뵽һϯȻûջԭĴ㡣 
Ҷ˵˽ 
ϣĺԥ˵顣 
ʲô£˾ϣ΢üͷʡ 
ҡһ£ƺڿҪ˵Լ飬˾ϣЩԡ 
˵𣿲ͶٳĸȻɣ 
ǳȥ𣿡Ҷ˵ɽׯҲ㣬ȻϷ£ĵط˵ 
ŤͷҶ۾ﺬᣬӲӲ˵㲻ңҲûݰҿΪϣ£ָңңݵ㣬Ϊݲңѵϣֻһ˵𣿡 
ҶҪ˵ʲôһߵ˾ϣȰ裬ǺαΪðɣǳȥ˵ 
˾ϣһͬ˳ȥ˵ʱͷһҶһӡ 
Ҷͷ˾ϣԲʺԼˣ϶һֵԼˣŸΰҵһͣС糾 
߳Ҷķ䣬棬տ˾ϣվǣ棬ȴĮʲô£˵ɡ 
˾ϣͻȻĿһϣ㶵Ŀ˾ϣôˣղڷﻹǺúõģΪγ֮󣬾ͱģϣôˣ 
ûôֻǣ˼Сĸܡ˾ϣ˵ҵޣǳʲôԭ˾ϣѡŮˣղڷ̫ѿΪ㱾ҲֻϣΪЩʲôҸл뷨˾ϣҡҡͷ΢º͵˵񣬶˵СһҲ˺˺Ը˺Լ 
˵һ֣۾ˮֹҲֹסôôܰҲǸոʶҲദ˶̶̼գôܾ䱦㡣ҲǼƻеһӣôԶأ 
֪֪Ҫ£֪ҲԹҵѪǣһкСʲôϵ˾ϣ˵ҹҵ£СΡһᾡɼƻĲһҪȥȡֵá 
ҿȥأͻȻ˵֪صǳɫǿԽݳҶģҲҲԽӽǹ𣿿ңгҲޣ޲ǧвźá 
С˾ϣҡҡͷ㸸˾о֮ǵʱ㸸׷ǣͲվԲԣСðգҲԡһõİ취⣬ԺҪٲ£ĳޣȻбһ죬ؼһʱʮʱ䶼ˣں⼸𣿡 
һ촽˵ʲôƺӲ˻ȥվŷ  
                  
62
صУҶںȲ裬鵭ġ 
йûб˼ֻҪֵһЩ顣˾ϣ΢Ц˵һǿʤŮӣûʲôۣҪֱʵĻ㲻طϡ 
Ҷ˵˵ͶŹΧ֣ΪȥɣɽׯҶΪˣ˲ 
ˡ˾ϣƢ˵˵˾һǷмһĶ飬û״ܽվͲվúúõġ׺һ𳤴ΪΨһˣһʱܽĴڣ㲻 
Ҷ˵˵Ҷ̫Сˡ 
˾ϣһϣһʱ֮侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôźá 
ɽׯգ̤ɽׯʼͱΪһߣҼ㣬ȴջǵ۹УҵĸܣжҪģѲҲҪĶɣҶ˵ 
С˾ϣЩ⣬ֻǻȴû˵ȥ 
˵ˣɽׯҪȥһ¡ѩ 
ҶһЦԼվֻһߣðֻǹߣǾͺúõ߰ɣɱȥɱǲգıضǻϣҾͶ˰ɣ 
˾ϣ뿪ҶҲûϵ飬ĿţȴһҲȥ 
÷ͻȻ֣ҶһոЩеֻһڰ 
ʦǵ飬ҶвԤУʦ͵͵ʣʦʲô£Ϊ˽ţ 
Ҹո⻱ıϣǽ˵ǣΧסҶ˵㸸׺˾ľϵĸףѾҳһš 
Ҷһ㶣һ򴽣ʦһһ˵ǲǸδҲǵӣ 
÷ҡҡͷ˵ǵ˼ºͺδйأɽׯҲӦзУĻû˱Ȼ˱αٴ㸸أ 
֪ˡҶ˿˵Ҫ̻ؾǡ 
÷ĵĿԼͽܣĵ˵ȥǺǵ𣿡 
ʦо仰Ҫ˵˵ҰϣȻΪǳɱϡҶ˵ҲԸԸһûаʱȥ£ȥɱϣҲԸ⵽ȫȫⰮʱȥ£ҲԸøٴƭҡ 
÷֪˵ʲôźá 
Ҷȴ΢Ц˵ʦҪллĸ룬˵Ļ˵᲻ܲ˵İϧΪҵСȻȥ£ԲΪ˰飬ֻҪԶطԶݿܵĸ顣 
÷Լͽܣﰵ̾ϢѾͷ֪ԼѾʼںϣѾ֪ϲˣʵӷһҪ޸ϣʱ÷ʹӷпˣʵˣȻ˵ôɣͷദʮʱ䣬֪ܲ飬һŮӣǿԼϲޣǼޣضΪжһԼҲ֪ꡣ 
ؾǣضҪɽׯƻõ¼У֪ǸݾȴԭֻһǾǣѾϣԸΪκ£Ϊĳʲô 
׼λȥǵ˼ϣǸʲôѩص˺һȥǰߵղóöƻʧܣǿɡ÷˵ 
ҶһЦ˵ǶգֻǹУһǺαأŽɣҪɱϣҪģ޹ء 
нŲ÷뷿ڣҶſڣ΢Ц˽˵ٷˣ˵ɽկֵˣҪ㡣 
Ҷ˵ЩѰƥǴ˿̾ͻؾȥҸĸ˵Ƕ˺顣 
ڣһ㶣֪ͨ𣿡 
ҶһЦ˵ҪʲôȥѡƥĺĪҪѡЩԸƥǲ;ͷ羰ǿҪż· 
õģȥҪЩ·𣿡ʡ 
ˣѾʰһЩֻҪЩͳˣ;̫ϢӦòչ򡣡Ҷ˵ȥǣɡͳȥ 
ɵͷ˳ȥ  
                  
63
÷ҪֹȴҶĻͷһۣȻת˳ȥ 
ֻ뿪ҲҪκһˣ˽ϣΪسŮݽӽϣȻɱ˻ϣһ; 
ǣɻĿҶҶӹƯĶľֹýɵ۾òٴ֣ӦǼˡҶһ˻Ȼȥȣ׷ȥ 
˴ϣϵСǶһ㶣ҶķԸ̿ 
ûзӦŶˡ 
һԵһۣ˵㣬ʲô 
ûҶʣ̰ڴһҶƥһԾϣЮŷ磬һ㼱ʻȥɼæӿԼƥٶȣҴҸȥ 
ɽׯֻƥٵ˳ȥһ۵ӰӭƮȻɣһū澴ŮӽۻƵӭһ䡣 
ٷˣǲʹؾѽū澸ոտѾ׼õ·̲ǲϷԸū澵ʱѾʰѽڷʡ 
Ҷ΢΢һЦоŷ紵ĸоȻѾǶգź磬ʲô⡣ϲɵĸоȻ֪һ˿ǱɣȴĻϲ˵ĳ졣 
˾ϣӵϢҴҸϻԼסСһˣ뿪ʱҶλãȻϣһףһֽ棬ƺǵǩõģ֣ȡԼķдţ 
塢Ƶ԰ 
ΪδŽɴҴ뿪 
ʲôʱѧ 
ѩ̸̱ȥǣûб𴦿ȥһ׵£ԴҴҸϻ˾ǣǴʱ׷ϣӦøϵüڳǰȻǸŮ˾ϣԸ 
ѩ˵ͷ˵ȥԽɵ˼ضΪٷѡһƥԸº͵Ӧò̫죬Ӧÿ׷ϡūȥ׼ 
˾ϣĬ 
ԹһᣬѩҴҵ˻һŵ˵ˣȻѡɽׯõƥǧԣҶһµġ 
˾ϣͻȻһԼҶʱ·ϵһʱһΣԭҲΪҶ£ȴƽ£Ԧķǳϸһ룬Ҳ֣ǳسǧĸųеıȨ֣ 
ҲҪż˾ϣ˵˿Ѿ뿪һʱʱ䣬ֻ׷ϲ̫׸ϵϣǱϾͶͬ飬ҲҲסޣĿǰӦòʲô⣬Ǵ˿̾ȥ׷ϣݲϢӦÿԸǵﾩǰ׷Ƕˡ 
ѩ˵ͷ 
뿪˰ɽׯҶͽɶ˾ͣһֱ·ֱϵһͣŵĵط 
Ǵһξ룬ҶͣԽ˵ǰƬ֣ͣ·ߣͶȫŮӣǸϵǰ棬˰ɽׯأֻ»Щ鷳ǻװͨ˶ԽǲԽãҪʱȾɱɫ룬ӦòΪѵ㣬Ϊɽׯū澣ׯһѡڰٶŵһЩӦ֪һ 
ɵ˵ͷһЦ˵Ȼ⻹ΪɵģȻղѩ㣬öҲأɶҲһЩԶԸЩͨİա 
ҶһЦͶһͬ֡ 
˾ϣż׷ʱ䣬ȻûзκҶͽɵټһ·Ҳû˿˵ôˡ 
ˣɾЩˣ㽿ɲע⣬ٷǸǰ˵Ůӣôû˻ע⵽أѩǲʣǰǾˣѵҪҶҪҶͽɻûлؼҵĻǿҪҶүأ 
˾ϣǰľǴţһôĲۣЩ˵УôԲصǰݵҶأһǧС㣬ôԵֵùọ́ 
ǣǡͶݡ 
ɵȻ̫ãöҲأҲһЩӦЩƽİӦò⣬Լһ㣬ȻûעߵκˣѹֻǡǱǳɫһˣǲεĻôһûأ϶Ƕ˻װģ;۹⡣Ҳ˵Ƕʵͺһͬʱ·ʱ򣬶ǿǣȴûзǡ 
ҶȻǸŮӣԲǽɿóģһǸϿƽʵС⡱ϵҶΪ  
                  
64
ȥҶ˾ϣȻ΢΢һЦҶͺ׽ԲأڼϷĽҿصףҶһŮӣ 
Ī²ģǻϵˣҲԸ 
ѩ˵ͷ˾ϣ룬Կó˶Ҷջ𣬶ҶͻȻߣƺĽܡ 
ֱֹܹ˾ϣˣҶӦǵһйعµ棬˾ϣӦ˵Ǹ൱ˡҶΪȻ̹Ȼܣ֡ѩҲңҶӦòǻϵˣǵĻһûĺ¡ 
δҶ͸оһֲԤף״ͿйٱţҶǰҲĺܡ 
˾ϣһüͷǵϴʱǳϢֵĲˣӣǶŭˣû뵽һĹٵĺȻҲҵϵȡᣬȻûҶеıȨˣѺҶү 
֪ҶûУˣδ£ 
ӣܣɣҸطסȵ㣬ڲ֪СûУҪһϾǵׯڶǳĻɡ˾ϣĶѩ˵Ը˿˸طס¡ 
ոհ˾ϣûüϢеСţò˵λӣλҪǰ̸ 
˾ϣһüһסϴĵطӦûϵҲûĵĵס£ôҪӦϴ˰ȥһ·粨Ѹٵתţſܵˡ 
ߵǰ棬ٴλһˣֻӰ˾ϣһʣӦھУʶˣҶүйصˣӦþֻһˡ 
˾ϣмֿĵĴк 
ͷһЦһݵϣ͸żֵ٩ζֻһʧȻ˾ϣ˾еĲ豭΢Ц˵ 
ڷʶ£˾ϣûףʣǶСɷѾң 
һɻķʣʲôСɷѾңڰɽׯô𣿡 
˾ϣһ㶣ѵһ׷ϵ̫ˣԣҶͽǣһ·û˵⼸;ʲô£Ҳֵһ·飬Ӧòʲô£ǳ飬гΣʱ֪ͨٶŵİʱ֪ͨɢڸصİٶŷֲӦò¡ 
˾ϣаοԼ 
ޣ˵Ҷү£ЩģʹҴҵĸ˻ΪѾءǲв˾ϣƽ͵ʡ 
м־ȵʣλģ⽭֮նأ㾹Ȼһ˴ӴԶİɽׯϻؾǡ飿 
Уչһλū飬Ӧò£;нϵǰӦλūڰɽׯȻ㲻ɫģӦһЩëͷСӦò⡣˾ϣЩεĻشаԽ࣬λҲҶˣŪҶ˼ҵȻȨȻֻҶһССĻš 
˵ֹǵ֮ˣҪҶүúõİǼҶСŪˣǸɡ 
˾ϣֻöͷ΢к⣬ֻӲͷƤЦԼŶЩƤЦⲻЦζ 
ұ֤С⣬Էġ 
ĺ˵񶼲֪ںδα֤İȫһɽׯͨū澸ţҾȻҼҶСǲǻѲɣҼС𣿰ɽׯҲһԶ·ɣ 
˾ϣ˸Ц⣬벻κӦԵķ 
ҼҶСӦûɣ浱ʲôҲ𣿡˵˵ǰɽׯĳЩ֮¡ 
ǣǡ˾ϣֻõͷֹ 
պýѩǺļ԰ףЦЦȤĺܡ 
ҶүΣ˾ϣһ±飬ʵһֱĵ⣬ооҶԲ£ӡУҶԲǸµˣƼºͣʵڸգıԣ˵ʱҲھĳطţݣСŵľţ̫ˡ 
Ҷү񱻻ٽ˹ֻ˵£ҶеҪҶүȴСǵ˵ϾҶүųеıȨøҶүĹٱ֪Ҷү£ֻѱҡǣڻֻǼ򵥵ĽҶүڻʹУʵѴĺܡ  
                  
65
˾ϣ΢üŷʣʣʲô߼أ 
һЦЦЩϺĸо˾ϣֵֹ˵ϼȻ˲Һαʲô⾩֮ʵҲǰ̫ˣҶҪƵûҶүһ㣬ҷ֣ 
˾ϣŷʣһЦ˵Ȼͬˡ 
ߣĺһ˵ҺׯᲢۣׯǽһׯׯֻҶүµһССĲ۵ĻţιĴıССϷˣ˵ļıЩġǱǸϰҶүͻҶɣкѡ 
˵˾ϣʡ 
۾һȫ˵˵кȤζ֪͵ȵϣ㿴־ˡ 
˾ϣһ㶣ѩһЦһ£ͷѩһЦţһþ۹⿴Ǹ۵ķʣϾȻмɬ֮⡣ 
һѩٿһ۷ʣ˾ϣȻһЦĶԷ˵ɷȢޣ 
һ㶣˾ϣʣȢûȢޣҶүкιѲûȢ޾;ȲҶүɣǸϹһ£Իǲð 
ͺá˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵ҿǼҵѩЩ˼ѩǰɽׯһŮӣòڣҲɫһǺǣ޸ǳѽҪҪý 
ġ۾һ˵е˶ȴҲеˣɫҺιأֻҶүİΣ㻹ǲһҼҶСİΣ룬ҶүˣҪνЩ°ɡ 
˾ϣһϣû˵һ 
ⷶƺһƧˣ˾ϣȻЩ̱Ϊ˵ǹĺܣҶҶүĲǿɽģֵһġ 
ԣĵĵȵϡ 
Ҳϻ裬˵껰뿪˾ϣŵĵطֻһ䣬ϵʱҶ״뿴֣׼ʱʱ򡣡 
ϣѩֵķɸ봫Ϣ˾ϣһ仰һ·ûпҶͽɹӰҲûκйصĴš 
ɢ·ϵİٶҲûнӵκȵźš 
˾ϣ϶ҶͽһҲھֻǲôʲôطֵǣͶݣҲӦϵóǶ˵ѽƥǰɽׯΪɫƥҲǲϵǶˣҲӦ˻ע⵽ƥڰɽׯȨӴͺƾһ㣬ǶʼҲûпǶ˵ӰƥӰӡ 
ǣƥҲֽš 
˾ϣ룬ֿһǴڵģҶóòĶ·עķͬע⵽Ƕ˵Ҳһע£ȻҲὫֽšĿǰΨһĽ͡ 
ԣ϶ҶͽһͶھĳطĹ۲̬ı仯ңΪʼȻҵҶҲһͨϵҶˡҶԱܿһ취Ҷȡϵ 
ʱĳҶŰ׸һƫƧС֣ЩĹߣЩһľ׮ϣǰһŵĻ𣬻ů˸Ĺ⣬ݵϸʵҲǲ̫ļһ 
ˡƺ˾ϣĳ֣˼ǣ֪֡ 
˾ϣΪ裬΢ЦŴк˺Ϸ᲻ء 
ںѩĵĴǰķʣƽȫ³ǻۣɵĶ׼ 
΢΢һЦѩº͵˵ҪҶ 
ѩ۾Ŀŷʣ˵ 
㲻ؽţôܰҶأҶԺҪסأֻҪŻ𣬻ӭ϶ѡʶѩοһЦ 
ǸϻôҶŲŻ𣿡ѩʡ 
ЦЦ˵ȻҶ᲻Ż𣬵ǣҶʮ״һλʵ޽ãһλ˵ƷǿҪСտĵط򣬿ɾǵ˲ТͻȻһЦļ˵εǺʣҷŲţϿ˴Ļ磬ֻ»ܳ 
ʲô˵ľѩʡ  
                  
66
ȡͷͷڣ缴ŵĻĵù˹˵ĸ޹ҪҪǣʧλ˵ľֻǻϾԲպȪ¼ȣλûз𣬵лʹڵֻûУΪҶĺǹ˵þһġиأǲ۳ʲôǶ֮ڲκιٱӰӡҾҪƣǵԺǸΰĻǳǷҾղð 
δ䣬Ǽͷವһ˾ϣֻһļаԳһ˹ȻգһУͲѰ˿óġûʵۼȴһеġֻԶһɻ磬˲ҶԺһͷƯĺܡ 
üѩѿڳһ 
ҪҪһԣʰѼݸѩȤģͺڻüëߵĻһһ԰ʱһˣһͨĹԱȻڶЩԱǾͻٶȥСţȻ󣬻Ͼͻᷢ죬ȻܳʹѽҪѽ 
ŷʹǻ˾ϣһЦȴȻ֪ǸãĸùһЩƷЩƷΪʥƷ⣬ֻĿǰλûеȥѾĸǿ 
ѩĽӹ˻УЩأӦòͨĻ̲ס̾һȻַ˳صļȻɡ֪ѩɷ䵽ĵط 
΢΢һЦ˵ЩɾҪֻӦò¡䵽δ㣬ҶĺԺһο֮أƽĵطʲôȼƷˣֻҪľͺá 
ѩ˵ͷüವһ 
뷶ַǲԶˡ˾ϣһЦ˵ԭǾڰɽׯǸ͵û뵽һҶССĻžѾȻʧɫ 
˵ţҶĺѾ֮йٱǴæĽŲ΢΢һЦ˵˿ɣֻЩõĹٱǻĴѰңҵĻҪЩ࣬ʵȤĽλҪţҲԣ¿Ҫ뿪ˡ 
˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣ͿӰһںҹоƺͻȻʧһ㣬һ㶣ǺṦֻṦôԼмϤζɺԼֲһֻǾÿЩζ񡪡 
ˣҲ뿪ɡѩ˾ϣ˵˵òЩٱѰҪ˵Щ͵ĻͽȤҲ뿪ɡҲ֪ٷ˺ͽĿǰʲôطΣ 
˾ϣ˵ͷѩһ뿪ƬС֣ѸٵʧҹɫС 
Ǹո뿪ȴһص΢ЦҹɫУʧҹɫе˾ϣѩŨŨҹп١ 
صջһ̤ջĴţ˾ϣһ㶣ɽׯɫƥԺгŲݣԾɾʱģȻУƺոɢһҲǳ;ģ 
΢Цӭǰһ˾ϣѩ˵ѡõطǲٷ˵Ҷ徲ҵϰҶү˽áǺǣΪʲôֱ鿴ңǵҲɣ 
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵ɣżղٷ˵̵컬ٷأ 
·ˣѾЪϢˡ΢Ц˵ָָ˾ϣסķ䣬ٷ˸ոЪ²ãˣͲعȥˣúõЪϢɡ 
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵ðɣҲˣѡ䷿ϢɣҲȥϢɡ 
ɺѩ˵ͷ뿪 
˾ϣǶ뿪üͷ壬¥Լķ䣬ȻڻΣϣҶ˯ţɢڼϣ֬Ϣƽȡ˾ϣһ£ѵԼ´ˣҶû뷶ȡϵ 
˵ʵԷʵЩĪĻɣ˵ĸо޷Ĵݡ 
ĿǰԼĲ²Ǵġ 
ţ˾ϣ˳ҹɫҶƽĳ֣еĴʯͷһֻҪҶû£Ķ˵ҶүǸպεҲ̫ݶϱǸûĹǵļһҲҶүΡĿǰǡ 
ŷŹرյڴϵҶͻȻ΢΢¶˿Ц⣬۾ȴţ͸һĪĹ龫ֵζ  
                  
67
һ磬˾ϣȵķ֣ҶĹٱѾڣʵķЧĺܡ 
ҲȤĺܣΧôɢҲ졣Ҷ󾲾 
˾ϣعͷҶ΢΢һЦ˵û뵽ҶҲ˳ɫҵúúõʶʶλзʵĻš 
ʣҶ΢üʣʲôʣޣôһˣһдŸҡҶ𣿺ûӡ󡣡 
ûӡ󣿡˾ϣһ㶣ȷʵҶѽԼ׿˵ġ 
Ҷһ¼磬΢΢һЦҲɣʵ벻ôһˣ˵Ǿǰɣ˶࣬Ҳܸǵá 
˾ϣһ£ĿҶͷЩɻ 
лʶʶλʷɣҶҲǺĺܡҶɫƽ˵ʲô£˾壿 
˾ϣһЦ˵ҲǸϲ֪˰ɡȷʵǸ˲ţ鲻ϳ棬Чһû˱ҲѴ֮ 
ҶŵЦЦ˵棬ûĸԸ˱Ҳš 
ġѩ˽ϴųݵı飬˵ûпţһ˲ţѩ׿佱һˣѩͷμòֻһͨĲͨˣݵģۣܲɣǻۣѰ˿ɱȣңʲô£ֵ̹Ȼ 
˾ϣһЦ˵ѩֻɣҲûʲô̫Ľ˶ĳ֮ʣĶİɣСǿҵˣһҪΪѩԼ䣬ѾͷǶˡɽׯʼ⻹ǵһ˳һӡ 
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣˿ѩԥһ£ЦЦһû˵ֻֻһСɫѩ˳ɫŮӣӦҸõġ 
ѩһߣŤͷ߿ 
ȥҶһ˰ɣ֪㸸ûл˾ϣ΢Ц˵ 
Ҷ˵ͷǵģҲȥø׿ɷѾȫ 
ӦûˣȻǸûĹǵļһ׻Ǻ˳ӵģȻǿѾˣӦڣңĴյãðաβ²˻ǷҶүйأȴðգֲܽòߣҶ˵ء˾ϣƽ˵ 
óҶ˵ϾȻҸڻʹƫƧ֮ҽֹҸκε߶ҶŲطˡǹ󵨵ģȻ˹ҶŸɣԭйڣصģڱϣμһҶףϣԽΪ׼ңһΣΪ˹ǡ˾ϣʵǲҲ˾ľɲ 
˾ϣ΢΢ҡҡͷҸ׵ľɲӦú㸸йܴӦٶŵǶԸϣ㸸׵ȷʵǼƻеģȷʵǸ⣬Ϊĳ֣ԭеļƻҳһš 
Ҷ˵ǲϣҿλ죿 
˾ϣһ㶣ѿʣô֪ģ 
𣿡ҶһЦȴģԼҲ˵û뵽ҶȻǸԻĵطһССĻҲɫ㾴ҲùңҲҶүŮҸ׿ڳ꣬ܵϵΣǿһĪ²ݣҲʵЦɣ 
˾ϣ˵ͷǵģҲ֪ƻЩ׳գûг֮ǰƻģʶôŮӣǵһҲеģеŮӣƫƫֲԸնͬʱҲ֣ԶҪ࣬ͱ㾹ȻƤʧȻٺ׵ĳ֣ѾҶˡ֮ġĪ²⣬ǻˣҵʤͷǳ֮С 
Ҷ֮ķʵûȤҼȲҲǻϵ䣬ֻҶүŮҹĵֻҸ׵İȫֻҪǲ˺Ҹ׵İȫԸΣװƣ˺Ҹһ˿һұĻҪѶԸҶƽ͵˵һҲӣֻЩĮ 
ô˵㲻֪ʵĴڣҺʹ˻൱ϤҲǲǣӰɽׯʧ󣬾һֱλţ˾ǣϵ˾ϣҶʣȴԼʹҶ˵ʵԸģ˿ϤȴңԶ޷¹졣  
                  
68
ҶһЦ˵˵Ҳʶ㲻ţ˵ʶԼֲţαΪңʶʶҪ𣿡 
˾ϣû˵ 
˵Ҷûˣ㲻ţûϵԼȥҶʣǷôһˡģȥʽɣϾǰɽׯˣξԳҵΣʵ˵ѩѾ󡰹ˡҶ΢Ц˵·ǳĻЦұϾǳ͢ձȨҶүŮ˵һк֣˵òȰɽׯĳЩ˲ 
˾ϣ˵ͷȻЩ˵һҪ໳𣿡 
ҶֻǵһЦû˵ 
һ𰲾߳˿ջҶķȥ 
ںѩͽɿ˵ӰԻ˼ʵѩ㣬ϲٷ𣿡 
ӦϲİɣѩЩɻ˵˿˵ò˵ӦϲİɣôˣһǵһοԸΪһŮˡ˷ѡʱ䣬ɣҲ˵ǳʲôԭǶ֪ѡҶֻΪĳĿģҲ˵ֻΪ˴ĿԴҶɣʱ־òֻ̫ǾãҪ˵˵ 
ɵ˵ͷ˵ҲЩ֣˵ϲɣѵ˹ʱϻҶϣ˵ϲɣ䵭Ŀһⳤĸо˵ʵҶǸɫ˶ǿϺúõϧţӵĸݡ 
ѩһ۽ɣͻȻ˵һ˵ҵһʱҺ˵Ż˵˵˯ˣŪҪʵⶼûʣҶţҵһʣһ·ȥΪͻȻʧͻȻð˳ҶǸǧС㣬ôѡɽׯѱƥ 
΢΢һЦɰı飬ɰ˵Ҿ֪һҪʣǺǣðɣҸɣҲûʲôġ˵ģڰɽׯʱֻٷһˣҺͶŹŸɣ˵йĲǣҵ⣬ȴû뵽һ·ҶλٷͶء˵ҲȤѽСͶˣʵ·ϵʱһȾͬһ·ϣƼǣǾûϳȤĺܡ 
𣿡ѩЩʡ 
ѽɿǰŵˣ˵ҺαҪƭ㡣ģλٷˣǸŮӡңǺãôѱ˳ĲˣʼһΪҿˡ˰ɽׯĵؽٷ˾ͣ۽һСݣƥҲģԣǸûϳٷ˵Ȼע⣬һҪͨ˼ǲסݳͨˣͨģһ·Ȼûκ˵ע⡣ǲͬһ·ϵʱǵ̸ǾȻҲûϳ 
ѩ˵ǰ˵Щں˵Щʲôѽ 
ǵģˡѩͽһͬӦһżɳѩһգۣƤЦЦȴûм˵ȥ 
ҶĴǰŵһۿҶ̽ȥͨҶ˾ϣ˽ȥ 
ҲҺģҶһۿԼĴ㣬Ҷһĺװһıݣϵ֣ˮͣϵױݣģǿ 
ʲô£㲻ϲ໳𣿿ǴϲӦҪˣΪ˱У 
˳ԼŮȻʱģЩȣĻһ 
Ҷ߽ĸףԼʮĸľ⣬ڵϣ˵һпɺãأ 
ˮһ˳ԼŮǿ̱˵ڷϢϣ˫ŵĽŽ 
Ҷû˵Ĺţððάһƣ·һ㡣Ȼվ߽ڣһۿڴɫ԰׵Ҷүˮ˵ڴǰ£˵ί˵ʹֻһˡ 
Ҷүͷȫ亹Ӳյ˫ۣȫŮ 
˾ϣҶͷҲûأһһ˵ӦþҪҸеĳްɣ 
˾ϣվǣû˵ڴϵҶүⱾǼƻеһɣΪȴԼľ 
һȻƫƫţȴ˺ҸףǡҶͻȻعͷĿ˾ϣ˵ҶģҪһʱ㣡 
˾ϣؿһţµͷܼˣܵ뿪ط  
                  
69
Ժдϱ˵ĿҶͷһȻԲѵĸףһ촽ӷ߳ʹڵͣſڣҶһһͷĿϣţ޿κεȥ 
ҶһѵҪҶѡһѡҶ 
ΪʲôҪߴ㣿ҶʣСأ 
̾˿˵ѡҶоΪҶоѾͷ͵͵ˣ֪ȥֻҶ 
ҶоѾͷǺ˲ǳʮǰСҶ£ʮҶ빬ԼȴøɡҶ޺޵룬ͷҳһţֻ޲ܴʱͼϣƽϢвźá 
С㲻Ҫżҡ˾ϣ֪ʱҶο 
ҳв飬Ҳ飬Ҷļ£ҶԻ취ҪĲҳɱϣģȻҵ£ֻҪĵŽͳɡҶ˵˵⻰ʱͷ·ڵѪԼǰǣһҲϲ˺Ƶˡ 
˾ϣһϣĻ 
ҶǰĽ£ū̧߳ҶĴţҶ߼ȥ˵Ȼҽ빬õȻҪŵġ 
һ̫ģ˼ɤ˵һٵЦ 
Ҷĵ˵ޣһūţȻҲ˿˵ǲǣҸ׻ǳеسŲҶǰȥ޵һ⣡ 
̫һ㶣ӲʻҪ˵ĻƤЦⲻЦĿҶӲάһơ 
ҶҲſڵū˵ұΣҪҽ빬 
˾ϣҪͬȥѩͽɣ˵ѩ̺ȡϵɣһٷ빬 
ҶԼĽΣһ䣬ӵı顣 
˻ʹĴţ䡣 
ﳼ֮Ů½ι빬һλ̫ϸ 
ҶһˮӲͷƤ׼½ΣȴԼõڶϣһֻѹˣȻûע⵽ûˣһ·빬 
УҶȫɣ˵ǻϣҪģԳӭӣʲôﳼ֮Ů˵򣬰ʱڣҾûɻҽ 
ּ̫ӲʻصߵĻڽԵ̫࣬һɥվţͷһԡ 
˾ϣһ㶣Լûв´Ҷͷʰһ 
˫ڽУڼԸĵ˺󹬵Ĵǰ 
ʲôˣȻвޣŭʡ 
ҶһƽӽĿǰĻϣһοϣǸģˣ΢Եһ»в为ĸо 
ϸü΢壻ϸۣ΢УĴ΢ 
ңԴΪϸɡҶ˵뵽ڴϵĸף뵽һ۵ҶھһĪĻϡ 
ϴǰŮӡȵˣԼʣüĿ㣬ݰף͸ŹӸɾɵζǸŮӡ 
ʲôˣüͷʣȻֿ˵ǲǻˣ 
Ҷм˵ܻܲĴ˵˵ھǡǲǻˣ㵱ǳԷѽҶүĶŮ㼴ΪҶã˵õòá 
ۣǰŮӣô󣬵һֿоͦʵġҶ˫ŵĽŽļ˾Ȼۣ̫ܵðˣһָ߸ϵı鿴Ҷӱһ˵Ϊﳼ֮ŮȻ˿ˡ 
ҶǰһŮӣκ˶ı˵ƽκεڻϡˡָճڣҶѾ˲İγĽѹ˻ϵĲϣĵڻϵĲϡ 
˵ҸһﳼҾﳼдġҶȻƽ 
˾ϣڵأûпҶΰγĽμڻϲϵģǻյˣַȴѡ 
㣡㣡ųһ亹 
ʲôҶ˵ˣҸ׾ͬѽǽУȻûʲôΣգǣǽʣ㲻˲䣡㾹ȻҸ׵ĽŽҳΪﳼҶҷһǲ̽˼ıնףҾа취¹ٱΪУ 
һûԡ 
Ҷþ˵㲻ҪҵĻҸһֱųеıȨ¹ٱһѵ㲻һѵҲѵѵġԣҸи̣㣬ģ  
                  
70
ҶֻһĪ˹еĽǰݣȡʱûʲôǸ޸֮ӣҪͿԿһʱͻȻֵȴҶЩٲ˵Ѫƫƫʱ 
ҶļҪˡ 
ԷΪգԲû̫˾ϣΪʶʱ֪ϷŪøߡաǸʱֻǾֻǺɫûб˼ǣڣĺͷһ 
ӲǿסĻϴԼǵһοԼѪӴһһȻˤڵϣȻһȺΧҶ۾һգеĽڵϣˮϲ˾ϣϲϲƵӣǣһĽҲһߡ 
ҪץϵĻͻȻ˵ҪΪһлҪ˵ 
ҶվţãȻ룺Ϊʲô˾ϣûһ㶯ѵֻû˵ϣͷ 
Ǽ뿪ɡϱ˴ӵϲҶ˾ϣԼɣ˵ 
߰ɡ˾ϣڶҶĶУȴ˵Ĵ̶ͷţҲһ˻ϣԳȫոǹ룬˻ǵΪһ¡ 
һҶͿĪ£վԺУеĽѪ˾ϣѿʣ㣬ʲô 
ɱˣĪ˵ϣ̫ʧˣΪʲôҪֹأ 
Ҷ䣬ѪԼĸĸѪС 
ԺУ˾ϣˮĪ£ʣ㣬Ϊţ¶ˣ 
㵱ʱֹأóҶһ˻ϣȴֹأôõĻᣬڣֻúθ˳棬Ҷͷ¾֪Ǹ޵ĻҲԴΪַõĻϣĪޱ˵ⱾǼƻеһʱҶͷվǿһߣǿ֪ĸ׵䣬ʹĸɥ 
ҶǵĹߣ׵ʲôϵ˾ϣͳ˵Ҳ 
㲻ԸĪʧЦ˵⻰ƭ˭кŹκˣ㿪ʼʱ򣬲ҲֻҪϲϲһˣС㳤᲻֪Ͳϲ㣬ڸԶֻһĵˣ 
ҲϲҾԲӦɹߣ˾ϣͷµüҪ³Ѫ 
ѡľ㣬ѡ˵˳ۣҲ㱿ƻʵʩȽЩϲΪȢ֮δԲҲûнĸĶûĸ׵Ͳ˾ҵĶϱĪ˵ 
ڣҶԼĸʬǰޱ飬Ӳʯ 
ϵ۾ͻȻ΢΢ҶţĻ 
 
סһ仰˵ҶҿǷ˾ҵģ㸸״ȣǧҪȥ𡪡 
Ҷĺ޷Ӧĸ˵ʲô 
Ҫúãúõģšźı۾ 
⣬˾ϣĪ£û˿أҶ޹ҶΪûκιϵ 
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ҳޣȻΪһ˵Ů˴£ûղŵҶɱ˻ϣҲͲ˷Ѹ˵ѪֻǻҪȷѪꡣĪѹ˵ѵ˵ʱ㸸ĸĲ״ʱʮѪɺӵ龰ѵĲǵˣѵĸεı˱ںУȻղڻʹеĲ֪δѵ㸸ʬԱڻʹĴûҶҵĲ룬ǿҵõ㸸ĸټ˵Ҷ޹ѵ˾¼ٿӵ˾ǻõ𣿡 
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ǵģҿͿԿĸ׵£ûҶҵʱ¶Ϣĸ׾ͲԲðϢ˾ϣһһ˵ʹ࣬üͷ壬ҲҶ  
                  
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˾ϣûпĿŴӷ߳Ҷ
ûģ»ϵӻʹֻѾڵˣĪһɸֵı顣
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ҲҪûпȥȪ֮¡Ҷ˵£ҶҺθɣΪҪ˱
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Ҷһ㶣ѹֵʱɽׯ˱ֵôƽϻңֻϷԭе˶֪һϷֻ͵ţҲȷʵ͵ţûϲɵϣ˾йأⲢΧɽׯҪԭʵ͸¶ϢҲô켯ᲿӣһȾ˲顣
ĸײ˵ҶҿǷ˾ҵģʱҲô
˾ϣͷĿһҶԽ˵ûҵ뿪벽飬ͷܡ
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Īһ뿪ҶԺ䣬վ⣬ĪѾԭļƻԸȥһ
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С˾ϣẰ
˵ƺҶҶޱ˵˾ϣ㲻ٷѾ˼øңΪΪɵ
ðɣ˾ϣѵ˵Ҷ
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⣬ҶүŮܣȴҶˣԣҲǲ޹һỹծҲĪծҶ˵
˾ϣҡҡͷֲ˵Ϳɳ£㣬ǲҪԼЦ
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Ҷĸ״Σżֵ˵Ǽ仰ҶҿǷ˾ҵģԲȥĸҪúõĻš
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ǰѻϵĲӼе˰ɽׯýţھΣȷʵǿдţ֪뿪ɽׯǾһֱ˰и٣ǣƾĻϣ˶ļƣȻȼƻţҲ㸸׹ϵһֱõĺθʹңҸǺιϵǲҲͰźõġҾĴȴڷϣҿԸ㣬μԭҸ׵һɲҸ׵һλĻţҸ׵˽ãڵĻϣаš
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Ҷ㶵վţĸٴӿǸʱԼҲӣ޲ҸҲҪκˣָоΪԼǳĴȴû뵽һʼԼֻһϷеһ뵽ԼͶĽҶ﷢ԼΪԼǴģ˼ЦſΪĴޣȴ䲻
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˾ϣû˵˿Ҷ̾˿ԩԩ౨ʱˣΪԼĸĸָӵ˺Ҷ
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ѩ߽˾ϣʩһ͵͵Ҷһۣ˵ӣδˣҪҪȥ
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ҶĿź˱ĮȻ˵ΪҲֻ֪֪ҵĸף۰ңҿҸģ˵˵ʲôҲѾɱǣǵԹѾˣα˵ʲộ
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Ҷһ㶣ѿ˵ʱûп㣬ȴĪ£ֳֽѪۼҸĸѾûϢôܻأ
 
                  
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Ҳ̫Сưٶˡ˱Ĳм˵ŽֻΪڻҵݣȻ˵ѾЩ飬ֻѾ֪ӵݣӿΪЩ飬Ҳǰĸݡ
ĻǼٵģҶ֪ЩΡ
˾ϣһ߾վţĮȻƺʲô⣬Ƕ˵Ķ԰׳š
һĸǸ˵ķϣû̫صˡ˱˵˾ϣ˵ˣαŵ꺦ͷ˵ĳˣ
˾ϣ˵ѾɱΣҲǵŮǵŮһҸ񣬾ͷһɣ˵󣬾ͻе飬ͬ㣬ЩǣҲա
תͷ˿Ҷ˵ҶԭҪס㣬֪ˣϻֵĲôʹǣȻδѾ˵ˣҲͲ㣬ĸĸֻǼ״̬׺ͻĵıٶŵ˴ߣϺҶоչǶˣǶֻʲôҲǵˣ㣬Ҳǣ㣬ͬİˣ͵Զ˰ɣкʵĻᣬһȥǡ
ǽΰҶоҶҶɵʡ
ҶоѾ˰ٶţҶҲζߵˣǰٶŵˣЩӦĿǰǰȫġ˾ϣƽ˵
ѹֵʱôϣԼŮԼ޸ϣԭǰٶŵˣҶ룬̲סԳЦЦΪΪԼ侲ʵе˶ڿһϷֻԼ֪
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Ҷǻɣ֪ҪҪǵĻǿŸĸѾûϢģΪʲôҪ˵Լĸĸţ
ֻǣа֣˾ϣֻǴһ֮ģУһʼʱ˵ѾԭŶǸŮӣʵϷֻڰһ˵Ľɫ˵ʵУһ׵Ůӡ磬˾ϣ֮ûνĸ飬ȴݳһⳤĸϷԼ棬оò֡
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˾ϣҶĻɣٽʲôǰŮӣܹ˵Ѿ˵ˣ˵ҲѾ˵ˡ
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ɣҶȥϢɣδˣ㴦ɣҪ졣˾ϣ˵ԽԽãϾҶүڱȨȻŲСƵǿԺúõá
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˾ϣһ뿪Ҷȥĸ׾ÿղţҲֻ˲䣬ͻȻ뵽ǶʼǸֵûɵĵطΪΣҪҶĸΪΣ׼ٱ
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ʵһЦʲôˣôҪ𣿡
˵ǳҪ˾ϣȻ΢Ц˵ҵĸо൱֣ƺʶƺİԣ뷶ָ𰸣ȡ
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ߣɣǿ棬Ͳ˵ƺûлأʵΪ㻹ûн뵽ĵĵط
˾ϣ˵ͷ΢Ц˵˵üǣĻ֮ǿԸôܷȫأԭֻһǣʲôҲûУһǣʲôСҵǻɣӦñж졣
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ͻȻ˾ϣǰ罣ʣ죬էһʶ֦һݣֻһƷͷ䵽£е֦ȴĻ˾ϣȻһǳǳѪۡһ䶯һߡ
Ӧɡ˾ϣ˷΢Ц˵֣Գ⻹ǵһμѪۣȻա
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΢üͷ￴˿ڵأûκεķӦ˾ϣ˵òʼʱûע⵽ȷЩֵװְͼ͸ĹϸȥĶǸֶ̳ɣͬܰ㣬
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ŬƽϢԼϢ
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˾ϣЦЦ˵ְɣԭߣʵ˵õȤȷʵҪ࣬˰죬ȻҲЩ⺮߶ǻ˯״̬˵⸽һбҤ֮á
 
                  
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ˡ˵һ棬˴ɨ̫ࡣ
˾ϣ˵ͷȶ
šҲһͷ
Ծϣȣʶһֻһŵһ£㺰
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ЩɻĿһ۷ʣ˵ܻǵע⣬ֻϤÿһߣӦòµ˳ֻ֣ýһߵߴ磬˶ѣһͻǽˡ
̫˽ɫ԰ףʹԼʮңģӦˡ
ףôСߣһϸ÷żǲ̫һֱòֱë˰Ѳһ
һЩŮԻϸϸģתЩСߴԼǲСĵģѵ⼸ձҤıЩ¶ˣЩСˣǵȥҤǱˣֻ»ᾪˡ
ʶ˾ϣϿ˿˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣ͷͷ̫ĶԻ΢΢һЦ룬ȤһʮӣȻЩŮ̬
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˾ϣһҪϸ룬ȴּ̫˵
С߷Żԭɡ
ðɣŻԭȥ˫ϲһ𵽱Ҥ
ʿ˿˾ϣ˾ϣҲ΢΢һ㶣ȴһ̫ϵߣһŻظոշʴĵطһԾ׼ŵϡ
ϵ˴ʱ޴ɶ㣬Ŀ̫ԾҪߣͻȻϵˣŵһϸľС
ǣǣʲôˣ
е֦һݣǸһϣ֦֦ͷָ̫ʺȻֻһ֦̫ͨǾʺһ󷢽ֻ֪Ҫһɡ
һ̫Ҫ֣˾ϣѾϣ罣ָʺַͷһޣֻһһҵֶѡ
˾ϣ˷һۣȴֻǵĶ̫࣬˵˵ʵ˵ʵ̫ÿҶ﷢ëǾͲܻ˵𣿡
˾ϣ̲סһЦʱʻ˼Ц
Ҥ˾ϣʽָ̫ࡣ
ʲôҤֻ˴ɨ̫֪࣬ʲôҤ̫Ŭƽ˵ǰֳڣ㶯ֻһͱɡ
ߣǲ˵Ҳᡣ֦һݣ΢΢˵Ҳͷ˵Ҥģ
ǰ̫һȻڽѪɫϣһͷԵڵϣǱ˾ϣһͣǰ̫ͷһſ죬˵
Ծ˾ϣ˵Ҳ̫С˰ɡҤģ˵
˵˵Ҳ˵̫ѵ˵ɫӵĲ԰סͻȻڣ̶
˾ϣһ㶣аһã˵֣Сģ
һ㶣ͻȻߵ·ͻȻ˷ðߣǱƹ
˾ϣɫһ䣬һǰ̫ǰһ̫һڵء
߱ƽ˾ϣ׵ʱͻȻֹͣˣϴŰٶŵıܶҩ߲ҽӽԾʸǰ뷶վһ𣬶ΧγһΧȦǰֻ
ð˶Ķߣµ˵ǿǹġҼһ
˾ϣһЦƺ˵ʲôӲȥ
ϣ㣬ǲ߶䶬ߣʣʵѾûһҵĶߣ̲סҪ˵
˾ϣ˵ͷ
ֻҪĶ߻ڶߣҲ˵ĶҤԲԣʣȴĲ
ԡ˾ϣסʣϤƺӽˣֻޣҪϸţȴ᲻䣬еζڱǻ
Ĵš
 
                  
ֻǲ77
ͻȻԾڻǰϣ΢Ц˵ûʲôߡͷŻ񣬡⻭ϵŮƯЩ֣ôͻеЩأʶ𣿡
˾ϣվԭأ΢΢һЦŻ񣬵˵ĸףȻЩƵġ
ƺþȣתͷ̲סȥһ»㳾Ӵ
ô˾ϣһ㶣ŷƺЩʵı顣
û£⣬⣬ı澹ȻǱʾֵı飬Ŀ˾ϣЩţˣˣ
˾ϣһ㶣Ծû˽Ľӽ⻭ϿȷʵһеˣĿǰ棬ģСͺǻǰһ㣬ߵǰȴ֣еʵԶңģ˵ò⻭еŮһˣ
ʽŵվš
˾ϣҲ㶵վţǰǿǧ꺮ĸ׵ʬףԭģȻ󵨵˳̶ȣĸƤ´ʮʱ⣬Ȼû˷֣Ƿʳںһ»ı棬ܷ
ԼĸףǰС
һĿЩţһûվȣһΣʶһǰǽһƫһײϣǻһײȻ˽ȥһǿŷʣʺȻһͷײ˽ȥ
˾ϣаһãʶһץӲӲץסʵһֻ֣ǳĴȻ˾ϣЩȥ
֣˵
С˾ϣ˵ŬһŲ÷ʼ滬һ£ӦǸ󶴣ܴһ취
ҡҡͷŬƽϢԼϢ˵Ϊңֵãúõ°ɣſ
˵ţŬһȻӲԼȻһӾͻ˽ȥ̾Ϳˣǻָ̻ԭλã濴ոշ飬ȻĴţĸȻĿ
˾ϣڵأȥƻ񣬻䣬ַ棬ǣһƣƲ˾ϣһüղŷʳµʱֻһ»ΪΣȻƲʲô
ȥƣû˿ĶԼԼòϵ
ʲô˾ϣصϣԽԽūһ߹
㣬ԽǷģһһū˵üͷһ壬ƺ˲ʲô̫ġ
һ˵ʲôôСֵģ˲ǳ𣿲ʲô̰ĵˣռղıˣóѱȴһ㣬Ȼֻ˵ķݡֻǣ֪ʲô˵ҡֻҪ˻˾Ϳԡ
Ӧò£ǧ꺮ɣٺõҲ򲻿ңȻڻֽţŮӿƿ⣬ٺãֻҪǸӣûа취˵ôЩûرעʵأǽȥɨ⣬˿ԽȥҲȻʽȥǰū澵˵ֻⴳܵˣʵǿϧĺܡ
˾ϣڰһͷĿū̸
ֻ֪νҤſ취ȷʡ
ūҲѾʮң̫󣬲жӦ̫֮ϡ
ȥһ»񡣡һūº͵˵
һū˵ͷ˵ūԾϻǰĲŻı棬һƣ˽ȥûū룬ָ̻ԭ
˾ϣüͷһ壬ԭ⻭ֻŮӿԴ򿪣ǻӣȻôɫֻҲܴ򿪡ѹԼղôҲ򲻿
µŮӼŵϵʬ壬Ȼòһεڵأ˾ϣսʣŮӵԾһƻ񣬻ٴ˽ȥ˾ϣûԥı˳Ծ뻭ճĿռ䡣
һԾʱ򣬽Եū澶ϣһʱҲһʱĲ˽˷֡ǰխխһС·̳ɵǽÿһηһҹ飬;յɱ档
ʲôطأ
 
                  
ֻǲ78
С·ǰУԼǰһæµĲű̳ɵΣǸղŽŮӡ
˾ϣлɣˣΪûзĵط̫УӦñŮӷ֣ɿ˵ı֣Ӧǻûзַʡ
˾ϣֵŮӵѨλĿŮӰڵϣŮӵղǰʵǲһᣬǿѡЩ˵ʱһǻ˼ֻһֱǶش˴ҵҵտȻǻķԼգɿһ˵գʰʵ̫ˡ
ǣʵĶأ
˾ϣĴ鿴һĲ֣ĲԼʱĸһססĲûСʱļĲ鿴һƫƧĽ䷢˷ʡ
ˣԲѡ
µʱһûټ˾ϣֵʱԣʱһ޷ٶȵģ׵䣬ǸղŲСײײ˹ȥ
ʡ˾ϣʴѪۣˣ΢һ£ȡ˷ϵߡ
ϵ߱ȡº󣬷УֻһСС״СǾɳɫߺһ԰׵˫ۺϱգü΢壬еѪۣײòᡣͻȻζϤΪʲô
ڰɽׯʱΧŰɽׯ⻱ıӪҵҶʱϾֵ˼ޡ
ֻǣʼǻĻģ̸ЦһϷķϣֻǣȻڲ֪мסǵѹֶʼЩ˵Ϥ
ֻǣû뵽ҶȻ˳ɫգ
ʼʱ˾ϣǻⷶʵģûҶ룬ʼվãҶֻǸǧС㣬Щ˵Ĳ̡ǣںҶͽһͬʧٿʼ˾ϣͿʼҶͷһйҲֻǻǰû뵽ǻͬһˡ
ҲãҶ֣úõȥӦòǼѵ£˴ֻҪʵɱϵķǣһҪ棬Ӧһδġ
ҶѹʶĴ˿ԼǸྻıҤĴǧĺ棬мֺⲻϸż磬һűĴϡ
Ϊλ
ˣ˾ϣ΢Цţº͵˵û뵽Ҷ˺õ֣ǿˡأλǺηʥճڣ侲ԭٰģ˺õѹһ·֮Ƕûзͽɡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ʶĸһŷϵѾˣ֪˾ϣѾ֪Լٰ˷ʣҲ˵ҸղǲײˣʱһʱҲ԰֮һˤײǽϣлҡ԰߻𣿡
Ȼԡ˾ϣ΢Ц˵ֻǣҶռҺüαˣҿǽüη֣Ҫμƽϣ
ҶһЦ΢΢ؿڷƣ˵Ȼ˳ƺҺӦǰҲѾ˵αؼƽϷǺηʿֻǸڵ˾ͺԼС
ǲЩ˾ϣʣײ˱ǽ֮ϣѾͨѨλһʱ֮Ȼʹ֮УոҩٶŵҩԵ˫ЪϢһͲֲʵĸо
Ҷ˵ͷʣôҲˣյǺã㵽ҪγȥźãҴ˵һ󣬾;ؿֻۣʣüͷʼ΢΢š
˾ϣһ˵֮֮ȻӦóȥҸոһɨ˴ū澽ģԭǿڻֽţֻŮӲſԽ룬ǸӣȻ˿ɵУҲ򲻿˴Ļء˵ˣҲòǿļΪܣҸж£˵Ǹ֮
Ҷ΢΢˿˵ūӦҪβܳȥҪҲ˵ģֻĸǧ꺮֮бţҲڴ˴ʱ
˾ϣ˵ͷзִ磬ֻĿǰƲᣬжȻˣϢһ°ɣҲһʱūԾɻţߵʱٹȥҲ١ЩˣǶǿĲˣԲעͻԾʱȥúõϢϢɣصγȥ
 
                  
ֻǲ79
Ҷ֪ǰ˽Щ£˵ˣƺѶ֪࣬ǰֻǳڱĿĲŽӽԼʵûиУңܹòþеȴ߲ίô࣬Ҳ˴֮䣬ܹҲֻòĳƺҶ˾ӡɡ
˾ϣƽ˵ҶúõЪϢһᣬĴǷԼҵó·鷳λū澡
Ҷĵ˵ͷάƽı顣
֮޷ٺӵľ롣
Լĸ׳ĸĸ˼ƻԼĸĸϰʧԼ֮ųޣʹҲãϷŪԼȴֻԹԼɣһ룬ͺЦԼɵ
ǣֻİ·ˡ
˾ϣ뿪Ҷ΢΢̾˿վֻһΣ˾ϣαꡣȻѾʶݣҶͲټװȥӱǿ΢һпɣվĴߡ
Ҥ˱κζÿһҪˤĸоҶ룬Ѿ£ԼʵЩףֻǲ֪·Ը
ΪʲôϢ᣿˾ϣͻȻ˵ҪСЩϺܻ㱾ˤˣˤǲס
ллҶͷһЦ˵һЩӦûʲô£ֻѾʶݣװȥȤζҪûпԸ·ôȥЦ
֮ԼҲѹֵòİ
ǿ̬ȡ
ĸͷ߰ݣĸЩ·ǵʱڴ˵ģĸɫͿʽȻÿ㲻ʱһ£ŮģٴôһӵıȷʵЩס˾ϣ΢Ц˵
ҶЩߣ΢죬ͷ֪˵
˾ϣ״΢Ц˵ʵͦãֻǣӳȥֻ»Ϥˣ֪ΪģңҿЩ·ȷʵͦÿҲ㻻Ͽɷʡ
ллҶĿƺǺģŬάű˴֮ò˭ҲͱƱ˴֮ǲ㴰ֽ
ڸڷ任·һϵȹؾɫͬɻ˵վǣɬ·ƺ壬ˡ
˺ʡ˾ϣ˵ͷ΢Цţû˵ǰŮӣദʱ䲻ȻȢΪޣһеһжֻΪһĿģΪЩѾ˵ˣôѣ˵ҲһЩ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ĺƯ
㴩ϸƯ˾ϣûа㿪Ц˼˵·ǳ
ҶһЦ˵ҪĻ˵ѡ
֪˾ϣƽ˵֮䲻κεùϵڣһͬط֪γȥոǸūȥѯʵʱ򣬸սѨλͷҩԾˣ˵ˣǲҪ⡣
Ҷһ㶣Щε˵ΪҤ֮УǱǸһ취˶ȥ
θɡ˾ϣ΢΢һЦҤ֮бĸףûеҲ뾡һа취һ̽һֱҶҪ֪Ҹĸǿںδԣ㲻ؾھΡңҲһȥȻһȥ
šҶһͷȻֻŮӿԽ룬ôһֻŮӲſԴҤĻأȻҿײĽһײĳȥ
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵
˵仰˾Ͳ֪˵Щʲôվţ˴˸Լ£һʱ֮Щѹ֡
Ȼ˵˾ϣʶһҶ֣ǰһ书ŮӣʶǽҶ֣Ὣһߣһɵ档

Ҷͷо˾ϣֽģƺܴ΢Щֲڣǳ£
Ƕ㲻ǣ˾ϣʶķӦһ˵ĸжΣյʱǰУһӦǴһ뿪
ѵĻ˽ɣǸŮӵѱߵ̫࣬ɨū澻һһҤɺͷһΡҵǺĽʲô˿˵ı£
ЦЦЦ˲ѼҶĶܼˡҲȥֻǧ꺮ĺټĻֻֻķ
 
                  
ֻǲ80
书á˾ϣҶĶ䣬üἫ˵һֻֻҶϣԼСЩҪˡ
Ҷֻúһů̾࣬ŷԷõһڹͨ˵ľʹˣ¾ִҡԭʱ࣬һ죬ȻǾüܣҺ˾ϣڹסľȥ˿ܵ˺
ۼм˽ȫ̫ū澣ͶʮϣˣһŮݶĿĴ
ҶЩţʶ˾ϣϿ˿ϵǰˣǸڻϵѾͷи߷˵ˣԭȻԵһСѾͷϰ䣬ȻʶĻһ𳤴ȻֻǸССѾͷݵλȹеһЩ
Ļԭи磬ȴŮϵãûм̳лλǿϧһˣ۲ѧƷĿǰλ֮ϡ
ң˼ĺݣһĹŮĥ˵ǹŮʱѾҲ̶ã޷֪ǺҲȥ͵͵ɱλŮ㲻ʹࡣ˵µʱҲżֿ־֮⡣
Ī¡˾ϣҶϵ΢΢һȻҶ΢΢һЦ۾ºͣҶĶ˵ڣû¡
ҶٵͷŮǺݶ书ҪСЩ
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵ϵôˣи߷Ҹ׾УԭǰٶŵĵӣΪ˽̹汻˳Ī»ͬʦãʮȥˣѱģ
Ҷͷ˵˾ϣڣƺûʲôµġ
ۼߵýˣͽһ£һɵĳ񣬺֮˾ϣһҶϢڳ档ṦȻϢûоڲĸˡ
ϸңпɵˡŮӿòüۼҲݶ֮⣬ֻԼ˲ᣬ˵Ҳô߿ĺܡ
еһͬ˵ͷͷ߿
߷һᣬƺǾЩģվߵ棬һƳ񣬳澹ȻͻȻһ󶴣ں˾ϣҶֻһɺˣ̲ס˸ս
ڶԼԣ߷ﾹȻûע⵽ˣۣŶڣһƬֻһɹɵˡ
˾ϣ̽Ҷ뻳У԰ӵס磬ۣʱӦͻȻֵĺڰ֮
߷붴ڣ˾ϣҶԲ׵ĵط߹ȫעǰ棬Ȼһ³ǷˣҲǲ룬δ󵨣Ҳ󵨵ͲƤ¡
ܺڣҺ䡣߷˻ѣ󻺻ĹϣվǣӦһᶴڵĿ̨ߣߵСƺҲĻˤ
൱ʪ
ãҲ·㳤߷ߵһյĹ򣬲ߵһǰһƻʹĵطһϣһ˹ڵϣģǻǱ
ߡ߷΢΢ЦЦ˵磬ˣ˾ţɷģģⱿѾȡȥι˿Աʬ峤겻ҩþͿãֻҪľͺá
Ȼ󣬸߷̾˿ģ˵˵磬֪һֱϲǸĹ޸˾ʼչڻŮɿģ
˵ţȻ
ԭĪѾͷ޸˰ɽׯׯׯһׯ˵ʲôϣģǰʱȢҶҵĶŮǺǣֻǿϧһֱչ˵ҶˣҲø³˾ĺѰˣģзڣһĶȡߣԲ˿ȡϲŮ˺޵˾ˣһúõտһС߷ϸ塣
Լ˵߹𣿡
߷Ӧһһϵˣ뿪
˾ӡҶ˵û°ɡ
˾ϣĿǰһĻŹڵϵĸףϵǿ彩Ӳǿѹŷŭ
ҶãȻȻû˵˾£һκȹƺ̾Ϣ˵ҸһˣվҪǷָľ˾Ǹ¶˾٣Ƿ򸾶³Ҳѹ˾ϣҪƱҶңǻԼҲǿ¶Ϣ֮˵ġ
߷С
 
                  
ֻǲ81
˭Ҳ˵վڵء
Ҷܹܵ˾ϣķŭڿεƵѹֵҪӿ
óʱ˾ϣӽʱεǿѹŭ뵽Լĸıҽ֣ܹƽ͵ĺ˵ֻƭҲòлûѿ
ֻǵƭûжȡܹ࣬ȻһŮȻǲмҲòлȻȴûĴм
ԣʱھΣԼĸ¶ĸټĸĸڸ߷һݶŮУԼĸ׶Ůһǧ꺮֮УһȥƳɱ걾ڵϡ
˾ϣӦðɡ
Ҷʧһ𣿡˾ϣѹֵǰ洫ʹ֮޷ΣҲ㣬ǣ㣬ҲܲҸĸ£ԣҪһᡣ
òҲҶĺľ롣
Ȼ˺뱨Ҳֻ˵ֻԵİˣԶܵİˡʵвһӣмӣֻһ޷εԹޡ
Ҷ뿪ĿռоԼĶ࣬˵У˵Ķࡣ
⣬õ棬ǧ꺮棬͸ųʪ֮䣬Ҳ൱ĻҶѾСˣǲСˤڵϣ൱ĸɾûһ˴ɨ
ʱ俴Ҳҵõȥ·
ת˺ôһȦʲô·ҲûҵȴŵһʲôŵζҶһ㶣æ˳ԭ·ȥ˾ϣڵϣ۾Ŀǰ棬ֵȼԼ׵ʬ塣
ΪٶŵĵӣõƷʯǳĴȻǺ˾ʬǴ·׾ͻȼȼճɻҡ
ҶûпԼĶԹʵ˵κ벻ǣû򲻸á
룬Щ˾ϣƣ𣬵˵ôֻ꣬ˣúõЪϢЪϢɣһκͷĸװɡ
Բ𡣡Ҷѵ˵֡
˾ϣкðû˵ֻĹš
Ҹ׵ĲǣŮԹһҶ˵ֻǣ˵ʲôǶ࣬޲ҶһˣһԳ˾ҡ
˾ϣתͷ۾еѾ˻ȥһ΢ЦҶƽ͵˵ҶѾҶү㣬ҲֻǸİˣң̸ʲô֡˵ʱ㣬ǼٵģҲĽӽ㣬ĻҲ˺ȡĪҪ˰ɡ
Ҷ֪Ҫ˵ʲôʵѾͷԼվҪ˾ϣģһҲֻǼƻеһҲˣˣԼĸл
Ҷѹˣαᡣ˾ϣһЦ߽ҶȥߵᣬתһȦɿȥ·𣿡
Ҷھεҡҡͷ
Ҫ⣬һ˼ƶ̣˼ƳĴҿȻͳȥ˾ϣ΢Ц˵߷ԭҲǰٶŵˣ˵ıҲþĪ֮ϣֻǺݶ֮ʤ࣬ԣ֮ϣǿҵó©ġ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
ϸ¹ѰҶ˾ϣΪʲôûдǿʬ壬ûʣ´˾ϣ֮£ţЩĲɡ
ǲʲôûнǿһˣ˾ϣҶ͵͵ϵǿüۣ㵭ʡ
Ҷĵ˵ͷǻңֻǻ޲ʬϷͷ֮ޡ
йޣҲ޲įĴŰɣȡҸĸĹǻңǹ¼ҹ˾ϣ˵ңҪӵжҸжߵһУĽɽ
ϣҶʡ
˾ϣҡҡͷҲϣֻҪָҪָҪһԾŶҪʷҸĸһסֻϲſԡ
Ҷ̾˿ԼվֻǸ͡
ͻȻҶǰıǽһĽǶϿԿķ϶ۣһΪԼۻ̿첽ǰȴʪһˤڵϡ
ѾҶ㵽СЩѽ˾ϣ̲סЦ˵ѿڶġѾͷӲӲ˻ȥһҶﺰҶһ
뵽˵ĻѾˤ˼ˣڲʹҶЩε˵˾ϣϵվǣվȴֿոտķ϶ˣףѵۻ˲ɣӦòѽ
 
                  
ֻǲ82
˺һʲôҲûУʼѰովŵλãһһһһγԣҵ˸ոյλá˼һ£λãӦڻ档ǵ϶ϸ΢λòԣ߲ԣһһܿõ
ô˾ϣЩ⣬Ҷ
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ҶѹѹͷĻ𣬷ʵ޲˾ϣ־ԸԼҲΪʲôҪҪƺΨһһԸ顣˵֣ƺЩǣǿɣĵȴΨһͷ
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⽫Ǹ棬ǰ뿪޹ܵǣ˾ϣ˵ɺá
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š˾ϣ΢Ц˵ллĺģ·ԼƤڴţЩϺúõĴţһҪ;ķ羰һ紵ˣ͸˷纮
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Уȼ˾ϣСΧĪºѩɡصѾ棬ӭ
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һ֧ӻ˳ֱֱ˾ϣվλԱߵһϣǺͬʱҶը˴ڵأĿǰҶǰѸٵĻΪ档
˾ϣȡ²ϵļзţּϤģɺǣԵǳαصվһ֪Ҳ顣
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į̨꣬ͥ¥󣬰
С̫ࣺ⼸ջæϸźţСʧ˽ƤܿࡣѾ㣬鲻ãÿڣϾײģ㻹ǲţô£ǵûϽһĲģ
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Ӳ󣬵ܸɾֻһջǳĿĸ֡˳ջдپȻԱ׾ȴƲӭչ
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ֻǲ99
Ҷûо⣬ӷڳһۿ˾ϣӺžƽ˾ϣסķ䣬һ㶣ٷ˾ϣѾ˲ٵľƣ˸û˺ȾƾǺȾƣѵϻüȲɣ
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Ҷҡҡͷ˵㰴ҵķԸȥͺã˶⡣Ȼƺһٷˣȥɡ
⣿ԥ֪Ǻã̾˿˵ٷˣΪūšʵ֮ǰַ˺ͶŷѾҹӺüˣöŹ빬޸ϣӾǲϴӦҲϼǰǿӦһ棬ҲֻŹ뿪ʲôסūʱȥˣŹȻǿϹģɣūŵӶǲϺԣͽĶѡ
Ҷһ㶣˵ѵ˺ȥɣ
һϲٷ˻ûȫķӣ뻹ȶ˶岻ã˵˭Ҳ˵˵£ڹȵøǶ࣬ѵóԵ㶫ճҲԾΪʳٷ˿͹ȥ˵䣬ֻ˵Ļӻ
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Ҷ˶٣һʱ֮벻˵ʲôźãֻþվһᣬ˾ϣһһĺԼľƣֻȵҶͷһķۡ
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˾ϣһͷоһڵЦһ£ҶŬƽΪԼһƣűоƣɪ˵벻ҪοңҵĿʹ˵ѾǺ޹ϵ飬벻Ҫң˵Щοңһϣġ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣һʱ֮治֪ԼվҪβźá
ֿʱ֪˾ϣĴҹĴսʱĴϢ˴˴ĵһλʵۣҲĴѰӰ٣÷ľӴտǳֵĵطӦþǱ÷ȥġ
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ͻȻһӰһ紵ȴĪɱҶ˵ϤС
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ǣ˾ϣĶ绹Ҫ죬Էոս뷿УʹӸղλõĵطڰɫоվš
Էһ̿գУкݶء
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ʦӺˣҴʱΪûκεĹϵԷ͵͵ƺڷѧգֻΪɱ㣡ͳɡ
͸߷ͬһʦ̳ġ˾ϣһط
Ҷвò̾˾ϣȷʵǳ˿ɱȣ˶ľƣȻԶĵ˵˭Ϊζ˾ϣ˴ĳޣȻ˻ϣ˾ϣûдɱ䣬ǰĻϣûɱ˳أңҶӦǸŮģӦԼȻ˿Σòáң֪ΪʲôڶУȻ˵ϤС
ɱҡ˾ϣĮȻ˵ҪҺȾơ
ǵҪԿԷ˵ţգۼѾʹУһܵ˾ϣҶΧ
ҶԷƺȡĿľ˾ϣϣкݶҪɱ˾ϣǣ˵˵ȷߣ˾ϣȣ˵վҪ࣬Ҷ̾Ϣ˾ϣǰУҲ˾ϣûл֣ǻ֣һмɡ
罣ƽ棬˵
㲻Ķ֣֣һпɻҶģѿ˵ҲԸУҪߣʱá
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˵áҶ˵˾ϣѧٶŵļգٶŵĽٶҩ裬ϴŰٶŵıܶƣⶾ˲ҡĵȻ˾ϣʵ㲻ʲô㻹߰ɡ
һ㶣ȴˣеĵɱֱ˾ϣ·аһ㡣
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ǲҶоҶʧںҹУͻȻʣеĲмжϵĺݶԼһŵĶҶоֻǣҶоʱѧ˺ݶգ
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ĸױǰٶŵĵӣҲĸһֵ̳ġĸ׺͸߷ԼĪ£ʦһλʦǴǰʼѧյģҲǰɣǾĺܿ졣˾ϣΪȻ˵ֻǣƾգ˵֣ǺܿЦ
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Ҷһ㶣ǰֿܡ
һ޶檣Ҷоĸǰٶŵˣʼֻ˳ӰٶŵİţΪԼ׵ߣ˷ޣŮôûвأ֪ƻ֪ҪԸԼɷôӶأȻǰٶŵˣͿԽ˰ٶŵĶ
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˾ϣҶеľ̳˵Ҫˡ
ÿҶЩ⣬һ˶ľƣôܲأ˾˰ɣ˸ãҲˣûôĳ˾ϣٴζؾ̳Щҡε˵ǰԵѵȣ˺ȲɣƫҪȣҵҪƣǲ˾ĿԽǧǺȡ˵ţһͷֺࡣ
ãã˾ϣŻˣæǰȥҶеľ̳ҶȻˣĵһЦȴЦˮ㣬ǰǰϧǶˣòãƲǺöⲻǧ
ƫҪȡҶȴˮ᲻̳Ȼֱ˾ϣϵľƱȥ˾ϣЦЦţȴЦһᣬгʱſɢȥ
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ҵϣһȣǵһμȥ˾ƣһҲȵ⣬һȴңǺǣǣ֪һֱ͵͵ĸңֻ㲻ϳϣ֪Ǹһһ·أֲʲôɣδ֪֪ͨ񡣡ҶЩˣЦţǳ˾ϣȥеľ̳
˾ϣһ㶣һҵϣһȡȻãҾϣһȣݡˣ;
аԽпֻ࣬ҲЩ֣ҶǺʱģǲӵôӵķ䣿ȰƵΪҲȵһɣ
ʲô˾ϣȥþҪһݡǶմ״ûͿͿˡ
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ֻǲ102
һҹйȥ˾ϣҶһֱȵų˯ȥڴϣ¶ߣһҵľ㣬ԥһ£ĵ뿪Ƕ˺úõЪϢɡ
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˾ϣ΢΢һЦǻĿҶȫûģζãֻҪͺá
Ҷһ·ãʲôҲû̧ͷһ˾ϣº͵˵ȥԷɡ
˾ϣ˵ͷЩɵġ
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˾ϣ˵ͷ˵뿪ҪͻȻЩһ·һֱûзټϾǵˣ·µļǺţһ·żǺţǣˣҲûзǵټ
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˾ϣͷ˵Ĳ֪࣬ǷʣƽʱҾ֪ڼƻʱҲڼƻǡ鱾Ǽٵģαص档
ǣȴҿ뿪ɺԭ򡣡Ҷ˵·ϷʱҾҪ뿪ľģ˴ĻǵĶԸңǵĳĿΪ˸ĿҶθɣԣҾͳҶĴѡ뿪û뵽ƭˣȴûƭ㡣
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Ҷ㶣룬˵ӵĵŹ˺ãһλİŮӾͿ˺
˾ϣһЦȻ˵㲻ϣκܵ˺ǾͲҪȰȢˣһ鷳ĺܣɴһعˣΣҲ
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ҶĲɵĳ˿ڲˣ룬˵˵ҲеϾҶоĸȻֻǸ׵ƫȴΪһλŮӦҲиģĵȻҪŸ׵ģȷ½ҩҲпܵġǣҵʱʱȷʵǽŽˣһɫ԰ףг֮
ƺһֱֻע㸸׽Žϵ飬ȴΪĽŽᱻϰɡ˾ϣ˵ʱĻϣҲĸ磬ΪҪú˱㸸׵ĽŽ֪𣿡
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Ҷ˾ϣ˵һʼһʼʶڸҽͣΪʲôҪȢңΪʲôϲΪʲôԸܶΪʲôҸ֮Щһֱ㲻ͣ˵ѽ˵˵ԽԽͿ顣ʵܼ򵥣ֻǣ˾Ķӣǿĺ˸𣬶佭ɽͬʱҲҪҸףԱ㸸ĸĳǲǣ
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵ȻǸ⡣
ǰŪüЩ𣿡Ҷ˵ҳԱˣǿ·ˣҾӦ£һ£ҲϣҸ㸸ĸ֮ĳһһ˳ȥҾȥʴ£ǡҶоʵ޽֮飬λĻҲֻһνĸ磬ȻԶ߸߷ɡһҪ뿪סҲ飬ʱ棬ʱҲ棬ƽĽȷʵѾҡ㲻·ˡ
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ֻǲ104
Ҷ紵ͷȻ˾ϣѾϳԹͻطŮװװֻΪ·㣬Ϊ˶˾ϣ˾ϣݶУ̸Цһ·˲ĿŹ֡
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ȫɾҩİԼĸ˵ĺ
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С˾ϣЦź
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Ҷ̾ϢһϲļһԼԸٽȴǺ޲
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ʹɽγɹģǻϵľӴ⼸ʮ£Ǻӣƿͣˮǳƣ֮С
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Ҷһ㶣̶һЦ˵طҵ˵常֮಻ԶǸɵСɣǶʢʯֿԲůʯԱܶʯҲв٣ҵʼѣʺֲҩ常ѡǶӣսǶʱȥݷù
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վڴڣ˾ϣԶȥҶվڴϵı龲ģͺ˲һ㡣
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˵СķǳҸжŮҶȻ΢Ц˵Ҫʣ֪Ƕ˾ڰɽׯңСѾͷô֪ܲء
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ĵ˵ͷ˾ϣõı飬ۣЦݾԲΪֻΪǸģ²µҶˣܹ˾ϣ˽˵һֱ˼м尾Լ˵ȻҲһҸ
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վԭأ̲ס꣬ƺֻп޲ſԼǻŵġ
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ٴҶܺã֪ǰŮѾǵϵˣҲǵĻʺ󣬵ǣŲеҶӿһۿʼСʵǲһҪǵģǣ˽ģ֪Ҷ˾ϣ˾ǣȻҲ뵽Ҷȥ˻ʹڹ㣬ɻǴ֮һͷˣȻˡ
Ҷ΢ЦȻУȻԼľܾ˵ռҵȻҲ˾ǣӽ¡ĸ˻ϣƺӰ첻ռҡ
ĵһЦ˵˭ϣֻҪǮСң˵ʵ˾ϣǸûϣ˻µİյǵ˲ٵʵݡ
ҶƺԸ̸˾ϣйصĻ⣬ת˵໳þûм
Ǹˡ΢Ц˵֪㻹ţһ˷ܷˣǺǣһپҲ㻹ŵ̲סˡ˵ʵһʱһΪ
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Ҷ˿ڲ裬˵Ȼ˵⣬һһɡǻʹȻҲȻû˿סҡ룬˾ϣȻףΪҵġûҸĸ׵Ϣ
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Ҷ˵ͷ˵˾ϣȻЩƣǸŵԵȻ˵չҵĸĸףȻͲΪǡҸסһԼȥǰɡ
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ҶһЦ˵Ҫһֱ¼ҹһ˵ûȢҵţ˵ûŮˣҿǲ̫ţҿ֪һֱиŮֻϸ˼һݳŵѡ
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ҶһЦ˵󣬵ʱҲЩԵ˵ĶţҪ֪Щ飬Ҳֻɺϣ˵жô֡
Ǹ׽͸Ůˡ̾˿Ц˵꣬һǧ֮˵ģֻ˵ҪȥǸ⣬㾹Ȼ󣬲ңһľ֮һ֮ϵˣ֮ϵΪߵѽ
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ҶһЦЦģ˵ˣ˵ˣֻɵĿҶ˵һ
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Ǹ򣬳ǰһ̻죬ת۾߷衣
һƽĴţҶ̾;Щԣǿŵģڷҡڣ˵ļįҶϣԺп
Ǻվһ˾ϣһκѹ鿴ǳĸӣЩĪĻ
Ҷı飬Ȼ̲ס΢΢һЦʵǸӣ굱жԶİʵ˿ۡʵڲǸˡ
޿κε˵ϣǺαءʺֻһʱ̰棬ȥȥˣ˵ܿͻһֱվҲǸ취죬˵һͻ꣬Ҫȥţ
ȥ˾ϣЩįľ磬ƣ
ѾѸ£¶֪ĻʺѾصʹ˵ַ˺񣬶ŷҲԸŹȥʱʺй˶ѾĬ£Ǿ÷ǳľȣû˱ʾ顣
˾ϣ˵ͷ˵
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ҶһЦ˵ϼҵʱٷˣƺ͸ˣĵûͦ˳ڡ
 

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˾ϣ΢ЦſҶϻȥΪʲôԭ뿪ģֻҪϻͺã
Ҷָָеľ̳һЦ˵Ȼк뿪ãȴǸ̳ҤʮĺþƣҺòײŴӾƵϰСƭģΣɷֵùҲĲò
ͺá˾ϣ΢ЦţƺҪ֪Ϊʲô·ֻҶǰžԼʵڵģҶֻһκ񣬾ͬûҶ֮ǰһֻ֪ԼҪΪԼĸĸΨһĿģΪĿĴڵģҶͻȻ֣ԭԱø
ҶһЦĪһǸ⣬˾ϣƽУʹԭ뿪Ǽ򵥵뿪뿪ˡ
ùĴʦòˣˣҳƣǺȾΣҶ΢Ц˵еͻȻƤ
ã˾ϣ΢Ц˵
תȥҶ֪ΪʱʱСĽΨһСҶϷŪඡ
ƽڷҡڣۿյһҹҪ٣Ѿ˵⡣
Ҷǰϴº͵΢ЦŶ˾ϣϼȰ˾ϣ˿ָ˼ú£ͳͳȥΪҶ˾ƣ΢Ц˵ٺãҲٺЩ˵ЩΣ
ð޳ɡҶ˵ʵƲúȣҲⲻǧǿԽѾǸƹˡܺȵģٳ£ҲһһĺȾƣȫںΣվǰ
˾ϣͷ˵˼ȾƸˣҺαҪȾƣ˵ˣ˵ģ˿ˣȴ޷첹ֻҪܹ㣬Ҿ顣
˵Ҳ֣ȻܺȾƣδ˾ƷƷ裬Һ֣㵽ܺȶپƣҶ˵
ʱҺȹܶľƣ˾ϣº͵˵ÿɺã
ҶƤһЦ˵Ϊ罣µһɣϾƽ罣µգֻ֪罣֪ƽҲ罣֮
˾ϣ۰ĿҶͷȫ㣬һЦһԶÿҸ
ЦʲôҶʡ
Ҳ֪˾ϣ΢Ц˵ֻ֪;ÿģ̲סЦ;Ҹ㡣
Ҷһ죬ķĴϲůּ䡣
ңԶһͥԺҲ˵ķǰļįͷҶоȶĸڸɫصĿϣЩ㲣Ȼġ
ܵĺҶоĶͷϵ߳ϵ·ҲʪطɫҲԽԽ԰ףѪۡϵ˲֮ɫǿţûг
ð죬һٷĹҶо˿ۣǰĸףƣֻĲһʱȥˡ
̾˿ٶŵʱаţǸǧС㣬ӲĸƳģڼַſڵСŮҲ˰ٶаŵգ˵㣬꣬ҶоǾ˲١
Ѿ꣬˲ٵĿ࣬ҧҧټּհɡº͵˵ʦһֱ㱧źܴϻ˲ٵĹ㲻ʦʧ
Ů֪Ҷо̾˿ĸףΪ˸ףҲһҪԺ˾ϣԿĵزֻǣŮʵ̫ǳһ̽˾ϣĴ֮⣬ֻŮزˡ
֪ߵŮԣŮȥǵѪۣ˵ʦŻðΣյգ˾ϣ罣ĴˣԲĶ֣ľĿǰգԼͳΪһսʤıУֻҪԽһɱ
ʦΪһҪ˾ϣأҶо૵ʡ
Ͽ˿ŮüЩ̣˵֪ϲ˾ϣʼն²֣ǣԸԼɱҲԸУԣŬϰգֻУʹ졣꣬Ϊˡ
ʦΪβĿңҶоʡ
ֹ˵оЩ£㻹ǲҪ֪ĺã֪ˣֻġ
 
                  
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ŮĽ㣬ѾˣȻ˾ϣУҶо̾˿Ҫ˵ʲôͻȻĸһĲʣô
ûʲôŬ΢Цţ˵ʱ䲻ˣϢɣȥ㸸ôˣ
Ҷо˵ͷʣҪŮȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷº͵˵ûµģԼһȥͺˣʲôҲǵˣȥˣҲ벻˭
ðɡҶоƣ֮˵ͷ
뿪Ůķ䣬߽ŮԶһ䣬ţ͵͵мֿ־֮˵ҡ
ƶӲĮ͸ż֮⡣
˽ȥ
һϣҶĸףǰҶүɫƺࡣĿԼ檣ȫ޸˵Ů
ϲƵ˵үձаţŮδգȻ꣬ϾǴСֻһʱĻﲻҪѾ˵㣬Ĳ㻹ҪЩʱգүҪżѾù
Ҷүޱ飬˵ðɣеʱ䡣ǷһˣѾͷޱ֪ˣʱӦ취סȥ˾ϣǸ쵰
ϵͷ
үͻȻЩҪҪһЩ
ҶүɫϵıҲºͿףƺҲ࣬˵õġȻ˿ϣʾ뿪
̹뿪ҶĸϣҲҶүһֱŮˣֻʱҶү׵ġ֪ǲɸĵʵѾġ
˽ȻжһȵӸ˽ҿֱ죬ү岻ϲĿζ
ֻҪģһϿڡҶү˵ûµģ㲻Ҫ̫ˣʱ䲻ˣҺˣǾϢɡ
º͵ĵ˵ͷ΢ЦſԼɷһ㡣
ƽѾꡣ
Ҷ΢Щ죬ӵˣ˾ϣ˵ѵҸУ
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Ҷͷ룬˵ȥǡ
Ȼԡ˾ϣҲû͵ͷӦ
㲻ΪҸҲΪ𣿡Ҷٵ˵
ˣôС˾ϣһЦȫûԥ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôţֻǱ𣬺αҪţɱеҺҸĸױ˳Ҳ޷Ҹĸ׵ԼƭԼѡڻţҸ¾ܹһһҪԸУΪҲΨһΪ¡
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Ҷ㶣һ󷢽һŬ΢Ц˵Ļʹ˾ϣ£Ȼ˵ġ
˾ϣճյĿҶЦЦţȻЦ֪˵жôҪ𣿡
ҶͷһƬãȻԼص˾ϣߵѡ񣬾ǶԻǴһһ
ҿԱ𣿡˾ϣҶ΢Ц˵
ҶһŬ΢Цţ˵һֻһ첻УԿǿǡ
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Ҫһķַ٣ûʲô졣˾ϣԵ˵˵һ붼ǲԤģԣһҪġ
һڡҶ޺ޡ˵˻Ȼ
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ
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Īһ㶣ׯ֪ԼǱԩģ֪ʱ÷뿪Īһɵģأ
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ǣ޵ãһһš¶Ī۾Ͽڳ޵ķϣܹһ
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Īһ㶣ѿ˵֪٣
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˵ͷתȥԸе̫ȥ˾ϣּ⡣ҶԼ޸ĽҲʵһݸ֡ĽΪ˺˽⣬ǸҺʵΪ˹ֱһСȫ߷ɱҲǸļһҶǰһԡ
Ҳһֵÿĵ£ׯһЦҶº͵˵һֱҶﶼסڰɽׯ򽭺ϵһֱйʣҺºչˣҶҪˣúúõ׼һݺ񣬱ϾɽׯҲһҡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵лׯġ㣬ʱѾͷūǶ֪ȥҺãõѾͷСڣñչ㣬ûǲģСչɡ
šҶ˵ͷ˳˵һðš
С֣˾ϣͷһҶ˵С÷ˣᵽС֣ǲҲǱʾ÷Ҳڸ÷֣ɺģ
ĪеıһΣ˳ϡĪҲЩţ֪С־ʹţ÷Ĵڡ
Сׯº͵һЦ˵Щ죬ǻиɽׯչ˵һλū澣ǵãºΪѡһλѾ˺ӣչҶѡһλЩŮӰɡ
ѽĪ˵ɽׯܸܶɵѾͷҶѡ
ҶͷûпᳶһҶ䣬õ͵͵Ķ˵ã㲻ҪɽׯѾͷ
Ҷº͵ĳҶһЦׯ͵ºƽллׯĺ⡣ҽС뻹Ϥչ˸׵ЩңĽݽҲɿ׵ѾͷСֻչš
Ҫɢ˼ҷ޶ˡĪЩΣӲͷƤ˵ңɽׯҲһ⡣
ҶһЦ˵˵Ͱɡ
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Ī¾ĿʼͷʼңҶƽ̹ȻĻţã÷һ֣Ҷ϶ƻһòòԳµء
Сﲻڰɽׯ𣿡ׯЩ죬ʡ
ҶһЦ˵СѾͷǼԲ̫ãǲӰɽׯС·Һҵʦʦߣջʦ˴
ʺʦׯ΢΢һЦ˵֪λǰлȱƣ
ҶȻһЦ˵ʦһˡ϶˵겻ֻ࣬ׯмʦⱭơ
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˵ţɴ˽ЩεĿڵˣׯ˵ʺʦСˡ
ҶתſڣһλŮӴ˽ᣬͣһһ֮͸Źů⣬߸λ΢ЩŮӣǸѾ޵ĹȹʹͷվŮӵ
ʦҶŮ΢ʩȻλŮӣ΢Ц˵СʦǶÿɿġͻȻˣǰַŻˣûҺ˵һȻʦΪβſЩ֪ͨһַˣϾһֱڰɽׯסţòҲû𣿡
С˵ū澴ˣūԺǵõġ
⵽ˡҶº͵һЦ˵ЩӣҽҪˣΪѡһλķѽҽչҽɡ˵һֱңԴСҲİЩùˣϾϤЩΣ
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ҶĿׯº͵ʣׯô
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ǣģׯġˣˣһһˣȴΪΣ˲ʮ
ʶҶº͵ʣǳĵȻ⣬ƺһУԤ֮С
˾ϣһ㶣ҶĶУЩɻʣվǼˣǲǣһֱڼƻ£
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Ҷûп˾ϣĿʧȥ̬ׯº͵˵ԭׯϵҵʦ˳ƺʦϤˣ𣿡
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Ҷ㣬϶ǹģĪ棬Ҷ˵ǹԸҵģҵʱ÷һУҵģ㣬㣬㲻ԸңһϽΪϵĻʺһжԼڼƻţǴϵ
Ҷţû˵
˾ϣͷҶҪ˵ʲôȴ﷢ʹôԹҶأһУԼʱһ֮ʱҶʱûôļƻֻǵİŮӣõʱһϻ۵Ůӱģ𣿱Ĳ˵ֻ˵ʱ䣬ҶεʹжȹҲģκ˵ʲôġ֪ˣαصûкҩֻϣ
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Īһ㶣סԼ죬֪˵ʲôźá
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Īһ٣ûп
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÷ׯѹĿ÷
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㣬㡪ׯȻ֪νȥ
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ĪȻĿ÷Щ
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ķŵ£ׯŵʡ
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ⲢҶ޹أĪº޺޵˵
ǵģȷʵйءҶ˵û뵽ôˣʦѾ˵ٽ£ȴԲ𶼲˵Ҳ㣬ׯܹô˲ôϳԼʱΪεĻƣˣǸˣʦׯԭ㵱Ĺʧ
Īº޺޵ĵҶȴ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá
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˵ţͻȻһɱͻȻϮ͵վ˾ϣǰ棬ˣƺ˾ϣķӦκ˶죬쵽˾ϣԼҲû
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˸ûбķӦֱȫƴʽкݶ·
Ҳ˺нƣƺҲҪͶԷͬھŰ֡
˾ϣţǰˣϵı鰲ĮȻƺеһУĿһֱҶȴĪʹ
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Ҷ˵Ŀ⣬ֻĿźˣƺڿʲôЩ
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һ٣ŭ˵£ں˵˵ʲôΪʲôˣʲôˣֻһҪɱϣĻ˶ѣ㶨ǰͲô˿ɱϣ磬ʱƭ֮ޣȴݴ˵óѣ
Ҷƺڷֶģںǰͣĸʽú޷۽˾ϣͶƺȫƷˣȴº֣Ҳź˶ԸȴֲöˡΪڴһĲ⡣
ĪºĪվҪǰæҶһ䣬Ӳ˵ʵţ
Ҷһ˵ʱ򣬺ͻȻߴ˹ȥֱֱı˾ϣǰȥţƺԼѶƣҶɫһ䣬ҪְæָոմϺ˵·δʲôٶȴƺǽڵͻȻ͵ǰһ壬滮壬˾ϣ
Ҷ˾ϣѿںһʹġ
˵Ҷ˺һѣú˽˶塣
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һҶͻȻͼ٣˵ĺʧҶһӲվڵأûзӦȴϵȥ˾ϣһƱ˺ˣּʱĽס˶壬вűĿҶ
ĪºĪһȥͬʱжԸˣҶһӣ赲棬ͷһ˾ϣеĶ۾һ˿⣬ԥţĵں˺˵м䡣
ֻкֻкһ˴վţλӵӿͷ˵û
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ӿ˵ʱ£ΨһĿߣ˵벻˵һ㲻˵óԸҲջẦԼգ˵ˣ뱣ʱ˵ãʱȻס
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ΪͻȻףҲֻһƻеӣһźõ򣬲ᣬĪҽİõöӦĺˣңոգʺȥץˣһÿͬʱֺʱĪ³֣˺һ֮Ҳ˵ҶֵͬʱĪڻʺϡ
˿ԿǣҶ˳˺һƣú˿Դ˶ǣҪҪ˵
˾ϣɫ԰׵Ķٿ侲ĻԼɫƽʵĻʺһ֮ɫºصĪҽãԥ
Լ޸ϣǶһΨһ롣
Ȣ˶ҲӰ쵽ʺĵλ
ҲǿöҸΨһ;
ҶҧҧεסĪҽõʽһˣԾ˳ȥʧڽֵϡ
Īҽ໥һۣһչ˶һæ׷˳ȥǱѺɱҶֻ֪Ӧȸ¶ҩɱˡ
˾ϣŶֵѨλֹסѪȻع̫ҽˡأ
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۾ţ죬ѵӣղŵǸɱϵģѵѵģ
ĪԴһƬհףһоǳ嵽ǰ쿴˿ڣѪѾʪ½󣬶ĺѾ΢ɫ԰׵ˣ۾ա
ҵŮΪһҶǼˣĪµǿֹͷźˣֺݶһ
δӦδ£ֻüһһصˤڵϡ
˵Ļ
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Ҷź˵һ֣һδһֱȵĪΧ֣ȻɫҴҵ뿪ɿˣ⿪˵Ѩλ˵Ҷоɵѽ
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Ҷ˿Ҷо۾Щϧ̾˿˵ʦҶҪɱˣ֪Ǻ𣿡
֪ҶоҶŬһЦ˵˾һҩ֪߷Ӧ֪ģǻһ˵ʹǵļУҲǵϣ˾ϣΪǰŵסҲ֪ΪʲôѾǵǰ飬ΪʲôҪǰʶˣһһŮˣǣȴǸ൱ڵˣҲ취ҳΪһҩҲҵղôɣֻҪҴ򶷵˶һж
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Ҷ̾˿˵кĶ˲ңҲ˲ϣŰٶŵҩ衪
ߣǰµҩ𣿡ҶоЦһ£˵ҩͲˣ㻹ΪҩԾȵһһ𣿣
ǰµģԺµġҶ˵Դ常ղصֶҩʧ󣬾һֱоҩ˼µģҷһһ常ˣȻһҸϣȻ֪öҩ裬ȴ˲ֺ
常Ҷоʣʲôˣ
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㣬ɱأҶо˵־Ѿʧ룬˳һ֮˶Ϊֿܡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֪ҽͲ壬ҲͣҰϣΪʲôĸԸҪȡʲôȡα١㻹ǹܺԼɣо޶в֪Ҫξ㡣
ˣҶо̾˿˵ҲǸˣҲʹ⣬ûңǰ£ѲҪ˽ҶҪһʮŮӣһҪΪŮӣ޸ȨƵĻϡһҪΪŮˣ
        
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˾ϣ˵ͷ˵֪ˡ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ʺﻹûл
֪Ǻ˭𣿡˾ϣʡ
ҡҡͷ˵ūŲ֪
Ҷоá˾ϣ̾˿˵˵ǲԭ޵ʱΪΪȻݣȴԹ޵ϷŪ˼Ǻޡ޲ǵ񻹺ͶŹ壬Ҳ޵ֵز޵ʱдȣֲ÷ޡ
һ㶣˴֪ҪҪ͵ʱ࣬һ뵽ʱ˺ڴҸ˯ŵģӲʻѾɤ۵Ļ૵˵ϣūžãʺǸˣҪʺҲʱһжֻǴɣϳҶо˵ʺҲϳ˶ԷãԲͷ˵ʱһĻū룬ʺһǹġ
ǣԸ˵Ѿͻ뿪ʹαҪһȤ־磬ϧ͵Ҷоա治ȥĸĸס˾ϣ˵
֪˵ʲôźãֻܵʹͷš
ϣʺˡ˽ҿ˾ϣھƼҷ飬ͷ£ûʺȻܲϲȴӦǻɱֵˣңֵǣΪʲô˳֣ͬĿģȴ֮𡣵ڶðģղãȴΪĪҪʹɱɱˡңֵǣܾõڶ˵Щ죬˵ġ
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˾ϣüͷһ壬ѵҶڻڳԴײɣ
ڣҶڴǰŴľɫþ续һ㣬һҲʵ
÷˽¥￴飬ǳҶԵæչ˶ʱĸҶȻҶźˣȻṦʤһԣûиҶۻصʹǻʺʦݣûʹʺ
Ҳֻǵ͵ʹкͷԷ
ҶӰЩ¶ϵıǵ˺ãȻƺһңԶе
÷˵û°ɣ
ҶƺǱʦһתͷ÷Ŭ΢Цһ£˵ʦ¥鷢ͻȻҲûüʦСҽɺã
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ҶЦЦ˵ⲻǷҵģЩҲǷеģǷģҲֻóȥٲҲС
ϵǸˣ÷˵ʦں˺Ͷ֮ͣʵǶ˼ҲйһаʽΪˣ
ҶЩ񣬹˺ðŵ˵ǺҶоҵá
Ҷо񻹻ţʲôʱѧգ÷˵ֻ˵Ҷ£ȥʱҶѾΪƽأҲһĺۼȥΪʦʦҲ㻹ϡʱΪˡ
ҶͻȻ˵ʦһ죬˶˵ǸŮ˵ʱŷ𣿡
÷º͵˵¶˵ǻˣʦȻ㣡
Ҷ̾һ˵˵ϣҲԼҲͲԺܵ
常ֶаţ˶ʼʱ볣죬һͱضҪҪΣ͵Ҷо˵Լ֣ϧΪƵĹУַǳֵҲжǽⶾ֮¶һ㣬Žⶾ֮ҩһж֮˻ж˵ˣҲǽⶾ֮˽ⶾĹ̺жжĹһ֪ҩˣһỳɽⶾ֮¶
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ʦߺҶڴǰĺɫԼȫȻԼڰУԲ
ɴ˽ҶѾüʱˣ˵ϵıĬˮ˼롣
ŹˣҶںڰʣƵĺƼٵ̾Ϣ֮
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Ҷû˵ںڰз
ʱˣū澵ϵưɣʡ
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ԥһ£˳ȥ
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ѹֻϲȥˣԭŶŹҶĮĺܣǲԹҶ˶Ź
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ϲǴӦҶٳƺŹΪԼԼͣҶ˵ҶɲͶҶȥֻ߶Ҷ޲Ҷǰʧء
˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣ô˿̱
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˾ϣһϣв죬ҶǳģѵȻ
Ҷ㲻ϣ˵΢˵ոѾ˾ϣ˵˼仰ڿʱȴͻȻðһҶɨ˵ĺܡ
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ѵ˵˲ɣҶмЦһ£˵
˾ϣˣæҶ˵ʱ䲻ˣˣǻȥϢɣŹĸ׺ַչˣӦòˡ˵ţҶ뿪ûлͷٿһۡ
ǺãֻҪһ죬ʹͲĵλҶһ仰˵ߵɡ
һҶһʼʹˣѵĿ͸е飿֪һвǸȦף
ǣȴûпҶתʱ۾ȴˮ˾ϣͶȴûж۾͵һ㶣˵ܣʺ϶ԭģԭĪҽһйأȻϿʺЩʺͳԴףֵЩԵȴãʺǰΡҪҪ˵ԼأҪҪ߻ϣʱʺ޹أ
˻ϣҪΰ죿
˾ϣҶһ뿪˶ķ߽ҹɫУҶҹоЩⲻƺ͸·ֱӱƤ㡣û뵽Ҷо˵ƣ
պ޶𣿡˾ϣʡ
Ҷǿһɫҧڰ˿źⲻĴȻŬΣҶԼ˵ζǵģҾպʱݳܹϵƭ𣿡
˾ϣһ㶣Щɬ˵ԭĲԭңγֵΪʲôԭҵĹʧΪʲôҪң
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ȻͱȫҵĴڣǵ㻹ǷŲҾͻӲ뿪ĸ׺ĸȻжȴ˺ҵʦĴұܳ裬ԣ㻹뿪ԺʲôҶŲ𣡡ҶҹɫԼı飬·Ϸ˵˵תת˻ȥ
˾ϣûп֪Ҫ˵ܸƽҶͷĲޡΣԼҲӦɣһҪڹУ˵ûһֱúܿĵġ
Ҷ˾ϣ뿪ĪͷһҶķӦƺҶѾ֪ʲôѵ
Ǹĺ˵˭ܵ˵ûʲôףʱøĺ˲Ȱźõģһʱһ̼ܵˣƺ˵Щ⣬ǡʼվòףǰһɱ˾ϣģӦò˼򵥣˵书Ƕôɫ˸˾ϣĶ֣Ӧ֪ѵֻƾ书³ç
㣬ʲôĪʣЩۣǴģӿ÷һۿʼ;Īƣþõ£ȴǲ˿÷һ̵ıϲ
ĪҡҡͷͻȻò԰׵ɫеʵôˣʲô££ֻ˵ˣ㵶˶ǰٶ˵㲻ʲôܵ㵶˺ۼ档
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÷ȥأȥĪʣһ𣿡
Īҡҡͷ˵Ǻڣʱ治ôæˣʵ㱳ȻŽһĵߵ˽գȴӲ˴³˷ʮʱ⣬ȤˣýΪҲò޸򡣡
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ĪҽÿŶ˭Ҳû˵
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ʲôֵġ˵ҪңֻҪϷŪң϶ҲǸ˵Ķ֡
ĪҡҡͷЩ󣬵˵ԭ
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΢΢һЦ˵Ů֪ʵԭյģһࡣ
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ҹҶҲģڴϣ˾ϣů壬ȵĺһһʣԼһˣǷİϺǻţǷȻһƭ֣һʼͼƻŵƭ֣ܹţֻһʺʷҲжȴ޷ͷ˭Եеù飿ΪһУɷֵã
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Ұ㣬ˣҶ˵
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һͷҶŬƽԼ˵ԭǻʺʧˡ
£ͷЩĵĸоŬѹѹ
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㣡Ҷ˵ȫģˣҪˡ˵ţҶһƮԶԶĻЦ
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߽ңҶ£ЪϢһᣬȻڴɣ˰ʱۣȶ࣬ڴԼҶֵ
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常˵ĿǰҶоõҩ常ղص֪͵ģʱҩ˺ϣʱһֱСĵĸϣߣڵǷǡ
˵˵ֱˣȻΪϣαһҪɺͽء
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Ҷٴ飬Ŵԣ̧ͷŽ˵ɡ˵ŷ飬ϢһʱоѾ࣬ʵԼ˵ƳʱĶһ̫ѵ飬Ŀǰǡ
μʺׯʩһ
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ׯͷ֪˵ʲôźá
Ҷ̾˿ûеɽ檾ģŮ˹һ๫Ҳġֻ뷨ǲİɣҪһĻϾֻһʺѹ˾ϣ뷨Ҳֳһ̡
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ׯûҪѰʦ𣿡ҶʣǰʹͷӣͻȻЩ˵ʦһʱ򣬻ʦĹ¸жϣʦԺׯƾԲʦھϯϵĽͻȻʦ飬ʱ˾ˣеİѾĥʧɫټ棬ʦҲͻȻ֣ǰӾȻ˵İԾˣˣټˡ˵ǿҲã˵ǲҲգһʦʱֻδׯׯҶ֪ʦѾٰˡ
ׯ֪˵ʲôźãҶûָ˼ȴ˵һķ䣬һĮȻ̬ȣ䵭ңԶ
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ׯһԣҶ˵Ļƺ˼롣
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ׯʹͷ΢÷зʮ꣬ټ棬Ȼ˷ܣΪһҪ
ޱʺ¡ׯ˵Щͳ˵˵ҲЩᣬֻе˵
ھǸҪȻǿҵõңҪѰҲȥң˵ͿԼõҶĮȻ˵ƽϲŭ
⡪ׯЩΪѣѾ˺ܶΣɣǲκѶǣǣСֲ˵⣬
Ҷ˵˵ʦԸģҲΪˣûб飬˰ɡ
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ֻǲ142
Ī¿ڴϵĶüͷ΢˵룬ȻȻάҶѾͷǣóҲѾɣҶ˲֮ġһ𳤴֪ʼֻһˣԣԺúðյֻǣľʮİ𣿡
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һֳĬĿϢС
һᣬҶſ˵żֶζŭֻƣŹǸùСһ𳤴ΪĻϣԭǿԺǧģΪȴֻȢһʺƺӦøжŴ檱ʱǾҶøжɡ
˾ϣ̾˿˵ֻǲϣͶ֮ʲôͻȻЩҲǸŮӣȻһõĹޣĿǰڻʹҲֻΪлʱ֮⡣ʱΪʺȻвҲֻܷﲻҷϣʱ䳤ˣֻ»Թޣ㲻ס
ΪŹ޽һƽƽ⡣Ҷ˵ҾǸԵˣһˣҷͬһˣҶ롣
˾ϣ̾һû˵
ʱֻЩ˵Ժܿᷳңɷǰ֮һҲҿȫˡҶһЦҹУȻˮ£վҪ뿪˵ģоɴĺáֻǵԼʧϣһٲ񣬲ǰ͵͵飬ĶҪΣ
ϾǹŴˣô˽ͽִ˵һһƣΪбԣҲֻΪãԲޣֻǾۡȻϣ˾ϣ뵽ԺߵĻһİŮӣľʹ
ģҲֻǺúõİţǲ˵İ
˾ϣĺ˵ҵҪĲֻϣտ㣬ͺãģĲҪǣոսҲǰӿȻգĪҽñϾҵ࣬ҪԸ㣬㻹ǻЩġҲϣڻʹκεʧ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣û˵
Ҳɵϣǿʱһ飬ĪҽҲɶͻȻðڶˣղȴĪҽһҲڶ˲ǶҪԵģǵһҶо˾ϣ˵ҺĪҽòǵһҲǾʶҲ֪ǵĻأҲǲ֪ʱĪʹƲɢׯʦԵԸʦٻĺݣҲϣʦȴУ˵ٳ⡣
 
                  
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Ҷ΢΢һ㶣˾ϣҲǱϿƽͼ򵥣Ϸһ룬ȻԴжؽɽڶʱôľ棬ӦǸ޵ļһһֱЩ£Ҳ侲˵ĪҽúͶˣȻмֲǲ֪еһУҶоĳ֣׵ļƻ
ѵʦעҪˣɣҶ˵ȴЩԥҲ˾ϣ˵ĲռׯıֲԼʧ
˾ϣһЦ˵ʲôն飬ԣǾңҿԼֻȢһȴҵĳֻһӣҵĺҲһֻһŮˡׯʦۿʦ׹䣬һҲǻں޲ѣǣôʱѾϰĪҽõ飬룬пͲ²⵽ʦ޹ϵʱֻԼһʱʦǣȴѰҹʦ϶ѾˣȻʱлϲΪʦĿǰеһУ֪ʵݣ
Ҷһ㶣ҡҡͷ
ʦ׹ºҲʹں޹һʱ䣬ʱĪѾ޸ĪԲûΪѹĪ£ҹչˣԣŻ˶ʵĪ²ûм޹ˣΪΪŷˣһǼһλնŵ๫ʵΪׯׯĸնţΪڸ£ΪڸĪδŮ飬Ϊȡ˶Ϊա˾ϣȻ˵ĮȻ
Ҷ΢΢һ£û뵽¡
ǸȫûĻŮӣĪҽһ𳤴ȻЩ뷨ģҲԸìܣ£һһСģõ顣˾ϣ̾˿˵ұĪ¾ȵɽׯҲľˣҳΪĻϣ˽ģҲϣ粨
Ҷû˵תӣ˵ҷˣ˯ˣջҪ糯ҲЪϢɡҲ¾ˡ
˾ϣû˵ŴҹɫЩãȻ
Ҷ۾ţβ˾ϣ֪жʵ飬һԼȥȵֲۿŶˡ
ο黹Լĸġ
糿£Ҷϲ£µʱʱ죬ˡ˾ϣ糯ˣûоʵҲˣȴװ˯ţûк˾ϣ˵仰
ǰֽϼд
ϣ֪ԹҲ£Ƕ£ֻ»ܹҹһȻˣ㲻֪ʵ飬Ҳİӽֻǻ᳣ﴫУۼҶĲ²֪ΪĻʺ󣬲ܹĸ¡⣬ʵҶ޼ƣóκһİ취Ҳߴ·ʱʱᡣ룬ǳʱʶȻٲ磬ȴҸģ뵽䣬ۿ˼οԣʲôĸԸֻҪܹƽžͺá
кأǵɡ˵
Ҷʱվ￴꣬Űɫ磬վţϵıƽ˾ϣĻ֪ʵ˾ϣУȻҪһΪЩ飬Ҳֵ˰ɡܹĬĬİԼ˵ҲһҸʵҲʱ£˾ϣϷһԲҰѰϣԸֻ͵͵İţһ죬˾ϣ˵һвһϷҲԲô
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Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ȻǴĻʺ󣬵ҲһͨŮӣмŮԸŮ˷Լ๫ֻūǵ̸ۣҲ⳯뷨кβףƫƫҶʶȤ˻ʺȻҲݲһŮӣλŮ뵱Сʶо֮лҶǲ֪ɡ
ɵͷû˵
˵ȥɣҶֻ飬òǽͣе˵ϣʡں氵塣Ҷ΢΢һЦ٩
ʹǸǷ֮أū˵Ǹɱǣū澾ǸˣЩū澻һﱻ˰Ҳ֪˵ūԴһ棬;Ǹڲͬ˶ūϣá
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵˵
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ֻǲ144
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Щ뵽ҪûֻһʺһŮˣֱﲻˡԣҲ⡣˵ǾЩԻϵ˼Щ£ҼȻˣͲҲ˵Ȼ֪Ϊˡɣң˵Ҳһֵص飬ȹЩʱ䣬Ȼûѡ˼ңȥǰƽȵӡ
ҡҡͷ˵ллĺģɲˣ񽿺ɵϣ䲻˵ˣҲūģǻѡ˼ңֻҿУ˼Ҳҵݲòܣԣǰɡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣е̾Ѿͷͨ͸񽿺ȻǸū澣ҲǻϺͻʺǰĺˣѰ˼ңȻʲôӢֻһūȽϳɫģңҲѲ檵ˣϼȻЩӱܵζҲʧһԼĺð취
ū澾úǶŹﻹǲҪʲôִĺãϸ룬ǶŹﲢûбϷ˻ϵۣܵȵڣūһֱŻʱ䣬Ϻ˼ūū֪гûκˣԣԲȥŹ˵ǶŹǱϾﰵﶼˣ˵ģֻ˵ʵǵˣﻹСЩá
Ҷ˵ͷº͵˵ҼǵˣԺǵСЩΪЩ˼ΪңȻˣԻһõĹޣ޸˳ĺģҲΪ檡
һ죬˵ͷ
ҶȻһЦЩ㱵˵ʹ˵ԭǸǷ֮أҡ־ڴˣ׷֣ңҲòΪ֮һļϡ
˵ʲôûҶɫأЩ֮⣬ѿʵ
Ҷҡҡͷû˵ʲô
˾ϣ糯󳼾͸鿴ǳأƺ¶˾ġֱ飬˾ϣ֪Ҫ˵ʲô֪㲻Ų׷
ϣܿһ¡ͷĴԼʮң´룬ʱ
ް䣬ʲôѽ˾ϣ֪ʡ
˳ȵ˵Ҫ˵ıȻǻϴʱģȲܿŴһ˸ˣԳðǰ˵ϡ
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵ʲôأ˵
޻һ£һһ˵ȵ˼ϽڵĻʺ乬ѡһλľŮǴĻʺĻʺǰﳼ֮ŮôԻ٣ȵ˻ϵĶŹʺǴĻʺ˼Ϊδ룬ųͷ
˾ϣһǰˣ˵޵İޣǰ;кιϵ˵Σ
޻㶣˵ϣС飬һŮӾȻ˰ԵȢ檣ĳĻϲǺ󹬼ǧѵΨֻһӲɣңȻݲ¾˻ĶŹڻʹţ̫֪
Ȿ޺󹬵飬֪ģ˭ûзִ磬Щ˵ǵôҲ෹²⣿˾ϣ䵭һЩ˵
޻һ죬ͷ˰죬˵⵽ǳȺ棬Ѿǰ㳼Ȳ֪Ҳסǵķѽ
˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵ӹ̫ƽȤˣȻȤ飬޵ԼᴦЩȤ£ͲܹӴʵȤˡ
޻һ㶣ԥһ£˵ʵڲĽʺ乬ҲҪһĸԣҪ̫񣬶ңӦȢλӣܴĺ󹬾ɣ
˾ϣһЦδÿɷ
ϣǺģǻʺǸǰﳼ֮Ůѱ᲻зģȥֻЩΪ˴սɳҳǻʣ˴£һλ󳼳˵Ҳ˵ɽׯԻкӦ˵Ź˻ϣӦüνһ£ɻʺ˶Σв
˾ϣһŬȥ˵Ҫ޵飬кιϵҪôвޣɽׯаɽׯĹͣȢȢŹûʲôϵ
ǣȢ˶ŹɽׯԴ̤أ޻ѿ˵ϵĻǺ͹ģʱ򣬻ϵ֪Ȣ޲ΪȢһŮӣΪһҡ
˾ϣû˵
ڴҶ֪ʺǰﳼŮ϶Ҷʵ̫չˣļ˿԰һĽݽȢҶҵĳŮҶҵĶŮΪʺǸ°»ǳҪǷ𣿡޻˵Ҳ֪ʺǻϵĽᷢӣҲ֪ЩҶҶŮǻϸƻеһöӣȢȻˣˣαһҪʲôʺ󡣡
 
                  
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˾ϣɫһ˵ǳˣȻҵ޵޵ļ£ʲôҪ˵ģһ˵ûҪһԣ
˾ϣݣ󳼱˴˿˿ԥһס޻˵ʲôԱһһ£˶٣ס˻ͷͷ
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޻һ˵ͷ˾ϣﰵһ䣬ϱƽͣź뿪
ϣǲҪﲻСĵʣó˾ϣ鲻̫á
ߣ˾ϣĺһ˵һȺΨ²ҵļһսɳʱҲŽᣬһҽɣȺ˾Ϳʼӹ԰Ҫ֮ϡ޵ΪޣϾ޻һ֮вԣ޵ĵǻΪѷǸ棬̫СڵŮӣԣᱻȺΪļһơǴö˵£ƫƫڡ
һ£ԥ˵ϣҪ̫ȺȫЩļһͻЩĵ˵£ūŹԻʺͻʺǰﳼ֮ŮûʲôϵĿǻʺֻһŮ˵ĹأȺҲҪӻʺĹأӶǹüǲ̹ǲЩ檵ˣһ֮֬ءǼǺ޵Ӧǻʺһ㡣
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˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵㵽ͨ͸ûס˵ʵʱҲ֪ԷʵжԷʼз֮⣬۷ʲô޶ҲԸͶ֮ìܣҲ֪λ⡣޿ɳǧ䡣ȴ֪Ů֮Դס
ͷ˵ūŲûʺڳԴףûʺһʲô鲻˵ūʶʺҲһˣūʺһμ汾ϷŪһ»ʺģȴû룬ȴʺϷŪһԴˣūż̡ū֪ʺǸΪ˺ƵˣӦòͶŹʲôͻūҲǶʱ龰ūֻʺԶŹһãԶŹʲô
жԼ˵ʵ÷ǳΣ˵õĻһֱƣԸ˺ҶҲԸ˺һ𾴵ˣһĽˣĲ֪ѡˣܹľֻܹܵҶѡ
ңʼվãҶʱΪһĳֲ˵ԭҶԲһСǳŮӣ
ҶգҪԸʵǾ֮ͣҶҪʲôè׽Ϸ
˾ϣ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ĽĻھСȻ˶Ȣǰﳼ֮ŮΪЩ΢ʣǵĴ󽫾ȢŮǻԴͻ飬ʺ׽㣬ǰϲ˻ﲻ
ҶԸһ˿·Եû΢΢Щ䣬̫Ը׽ȴºͿףЦҲᡣĵеıͰеĿ⼯ϣȻҶûмǶȴ׹ΪŮռ˵ϵġ
˾ϣҲװЦߵĸ߹֮˲ϸɵ֮ġ
С
໳ȺУ͵͵ĿѾΪʺҶԴӴо֪֮ҶѾŻΪʺϢͱһͷǿټҶһ棬ֻԶԶĿҲáܸܵΪҶ˼ңڽΪҶͳеĴ󽫾Ľ֤飬һ͵͵ĻȺУҪ͵͵ĿҶһֱԼеŮӡ
ȻɫҲ˷ֺ
ҶˣǰһСﳤ˳Ůӣü˳ĵζΪŮӵᣬƺûеʱɬһһ֮䶼ùζ
ǣѾǷֻ˾ϣһöӣ˾ϣʼ޷˻ϺҲŮΪöֻѾһӰڻ˸ѿʹ˾ϣҲŲ¡
ͬʱһŮˣǶˣҲһŮӣĵҶ䣬䴩磬ӦûǸδ޵Ůӡ
ѵо֮˵ľ˵ϵĶ÷飬һΪҶʡ֮Ķδܼ˾ϣŮӣ
 
                  
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ûп໳ı飬ȫע˾ϣҶϡǰ˵Ķʱ̵Ĵ̼޷ƽԼһ뵽ԭԼȴȢ˱ŮˣľʹõѪôô
ƹѲҶһЩ⡣
ͻȻУһĴ̶˾ŵ˵㣬㣬Ҫʲô˾źͲƵĽ
ѭȥЩ⡣
ԼĿҶҶһĮȻĿŶʲôҲû˵
鷢̫ͻȻˣҴʱķӦǣҶ˶ΪʺݽѵһҲвԼݵŮˣΪŮҲԭóΪʺˣ
ʲô£˾ϣɺĽ˵ûע⵽ʲô£龰ʣʲô£Ҫһƽ͵Ҷִ˶
˱㶣һ̾˿ŮΪʲôҪ󹬵ֵǰΪϣ
ĽҲ㶣һĿҶ
Ҷɫƽ۴֮ĿŶʲôҲ˵ֻͣжҶڶϣĮŹΪˣԸ˺ƤҶˣҲָʹ죬ǲҴŵĲ
ͺʲôҲûί˵Ϊˣʲô飬Ҫִϣ磬ѵӦǰʾףһֱҶһֱסڰɽׯɽׯҲҶңĸԼ̸ĸǰֱϲƺȣֻո˵ףصĻ͡
ͣȴʲôҲ˵
˶Щмı鿴Ҷа˼⣬ʺҲδ̫Сˣ㲻˼ҹ빬Ҳڴ֮ͥ´˼ҹɡûн
ҶϾȻ𼸷Ц⣬Ц˻ȥϵıº͵ģ˿ķŭȴ˪
̧ƺҪƮǰļͷŵ󣬵ոһ̧֣ͻȻһģˤǰҶȻסؿڣӴһǾȻѪɫҲò԰ףҡҡ׹
˾ϣһѷסΪЩӲ˵ˣСƢŹδɿЦ
Īҽͬʱڶǰ
ҶͻȻ̲סЦЦЦȴбĿ˾ϣͶ˵ԭ۾ҲһģҴʱţʱ˵ӰбȴԭʱһӰбŹҶϲ磡
ĪһбҶ⣬һбĪ£δôһ£ҶѾƵǰ˾ϣʶ̧һҶһ㿪˾ϣʽ˵ҵ˻⣬αضģ治˲ܲʣźã
Ҫˡ˾ϣжҶĵ⣬ֹ̳ѶԼ֪Լֻ֣ڳĻյĴǻ֣ͲҶʺ˴ûǿ϶ŹԣԼ֣ܻҶЩ˺
ϣ磬ҪΪѻʺ϶ǣģˡͻȻ˵϶Ϊϣ磬Ը̻ͬϡ
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⻰˵ġҶ˵һд󳼣̸Ҵ£ˣѲɣ
޻һ⣬û˵һ
ҶתͷĿŶ΢Ц˵ŹҶû뵽ŹﾹȻˡȡ֮ͱɱҲųɣָЩԣδ̫Ц˰ɡ
˾ϣЩŭ˵ˣɺͳ
ҶһʹҲˣ鵽ϣνͣѲɵ˵˵˶ǶԼԼû˻˵ĻΪʱ鷢̫ͻȻԼûӦͳ˸ղŵһĻ
һҧ齣֣常˵ʧĶ֣ʱ˵ģ˼ԽأԽ죬ƽͣͷԽɽⶾʱԽоǴҪԼĵס״ԼҲǽͲ壬˾ϣҲһӲܣ϶ȣ֣ԼжȻ󶾷
ǣڰѺ͵͵˾ϣϣǺͶƴ˵ԼҲΨһİ취ƽȿɽ˶һֵĶֿԱԼܶˡ
Ҷ齣֣ϾȻı飬˾ϣһƽɣ⣬дȻŹҶҶҲܹӮҶģƺҲֻе罣ɣҪҶ
 
                  
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Ҷ˾ϣԥ֪˾ϣ϶֣ΪĿǰʤֻ˾ϣ·ԼΪһ˾ϣֵװ֪ĻҲ֪˶Ҳ뵽˶˾ϣ֪ĻҲҲϣ˵Ϊ˾ȶжǣΪʲôƫƫҪִԼһԼ˵⣬ԼҲлԼŮأԼǲЩɵ
ϣ磬ҪΪѻʺ룬һǹģҲֻǣֻǡˮ棬һίã૵˵ţ
ҶЦЦ˭˵ŴŮޱһ룬ŴŮʱʱ̵̿ѧᱣԼǺ󹬵Ůǣ͵ʱ򲻹ഺٲ飬Ȼںȴ֣þĻǱԼʺϴں
һЦɫһ䣬۾Ŀ˿ҶаԳŮӣѾվȻ˲֪Ѿλ󳼶Լϧ̸ڳеλãټԼ˻һǰᣬԼҶûȢ˵ԭȺһġ
һҪȡԼĶ
ԼЩѣĸо͵תѵǰĵδϣѽٶʲô˾ȲˣʲôĶⲻˡԼЩ֢״ƺЩףѵԼ˶̫ѽĸ׺ĸϸ˿ڣȷûж֢״ģҲԼ̫ˣ⼸һֱûϢá
ŬԼķŭֳ߽Ҷ˵˵ʺҪԣǻʺʲôԣýѵģҪͻ϶ûб˼ѽɡ
˵ţҶһҶһʱ죬ǰһݣȻ˶֣Ѫ˳Ҷһ㶣ĿŶ̾һŮˣʵӦú޵ģΪξĵΪһþһõĴҲŮʺϣ
˾ϣһֻǰȰҶ𽣣ȴҶý֣֪Ҷڶ֮ϣԣҲͬһΪҶ˶
ҶһЦȻˣɣѾˣɡ΢Цſ˾ϣ˵Բ˶Ź
룬뵽Լʱֽдµ֣
ϣҲջǰ˵𷲶ĲǣǷΪһ飬ԻûҲֵˡ
Լɵɵɵ˰ɡ
㣬ʵ̫ʧˣ˾ϣŬԼҶô黹ֵν۶ˣ۵ǣҶôԱӣѵʶ˺һֱȻǷŲ£
ӦҶķʡ
㣡һλŭ˵ΪĻʺĸµŮӣôƽռҵŮһ㣬ԴףǶ˴
ҶһЦλ󳼣º͵˵˼˵ҶΪĻʺ󣬾Ӧؿ㣬ΪԼķѡµŮӲɣֻλ󳼵Ҷͷ棬޷绨ų˰ɡ
Ǵһ죬Ǵ󳼵ӵͷûп۾ȻЩʪ󣬻ʺ˵ȴп಻˵
Ҫˡ˾ϣһº͵˵
ҶһЦЦȴ˾ϣһ㶵·˵ټ㣬·һվǾ㡣
ʵҶһ˾ģþһа취ɹԾȵ˶ǲɹԼ㱣Ҳס乬ֻлپȵ˶ԣһУġ˾ϣоȻԸƭ뿪ѹһЩ
ҶһеĽһЦ˵ҶվһҪ˽µľģλҲ˳ۣҪŹԳ֣㣡
˾ϣʹ˵ܡ
˶֣Ҳ˼޹˵ӭҶ˵
ðҶһЦ˵ɣŹ
˾ϣҪҶǾܾѾҶվһĪҽҲĶס
ϡв˵ܣΪʲôÿζΪʲôÿζۿĻŮΪģôѵʲô˵ԭ𣿣
˾ϣ̾˿˵ֻǺŵʱƭ飬ȥɣڣµġ
Щ֪ͣҪνͲźãᾹȻ˳˵ܣоҶһʲô£ˣΪ֪ҪԸҶҪ˲˲ܣūǵģġ
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ҶӰһмƮֻǰһ紵ĪҽúͶͬʱУȻҶ½ҲҶһɣϾĿˡ
ǣԵģҶĪҽãƺһֱҪԸֻǶܿĪҽõʽвܶȻУȴƵöæңֻһĹ㺹ܣЩңʽҲԵиࡣ
˾ϣһüͷȥ˶ãӱ˵ĽԾУ罣ʶһҶĽһҶĽϲûκεƺֻýԼҪʲô
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˾ϣľúܣΪҶı֡
ҶȴͻȻʽһ䣬꣬Ѷм䣬˾ϣҲûӦֻͬϸ׷ɣҶӰӯΨ
ҶǺݶĪº޺޵˵ܲ˵ĳ˽УҪȳ
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ʱֻŸҶĽȴҶĽʽԽԽƺǱ˱ɱ˶ͷ˾ϣ֪ãڶĸǰ
ҶĿ˾ϣؿԽԽƣ̲סЦһ£ԼֵֵãеĽȴҷɡ
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Ҷͷ̾һҧ´ҧѪӲס˾ϣؿһֵʱӲסһգƹһΣֻؿһơ
ȴô˻һеҶǿȥ壬˾ϣһãýȥҶþȫ˵ÿ
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÷̾˿˵һۣЩԭǧּ龰ȴû뵽ļˣȻ˵ĲϲǷֿʱ̫ˣԶǷΪ쳤ؾõĸ顣
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ūŰķԸȥ͵͵ĿŹ⼸ȷʵ̫ãҽҲҩȥַ˺ͶŷҲ̽˵ǶŹ˺˵һһֱûлָáңԥһ£Щ֪˵ȥ
ʲô£Ҷ΢ЦʣҪ˽ţ֪˵
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Ҷһ㶣ʶʣôҪ»ʺ𣿡
ԥһ£Щ˵û»ʺ˼ֻʱս˲ٵŮӣи߰˸ɣ඼ǳдģҲܾҲӦūžЩ֣ʱַ˺ͶŷܵʱǰЩڿЩ
Ҷ΢΢Щ۾һĲ⣬վ˰죬˾ϣڸʲôáԴھ¥һǾҲûм棬乬ǰ˾ϣûеûйʹĵˣֻú˽ҩдǶ˾ϣλ»ʺѾϲϲĻô˵ĲܲأԣЩΪֺûϣѡЩŮҲģֻǣ˾ϣôеҪ»ʺ»ʺҲӦȿǶŶѽĪ
÷廨ڴǰţһ񾲰û˽ϵķ꣬˰ԼİͽҲеǰ£һƽԹ߿ţ鰲ƽ͡˵꣬÷뵽˾ϣҵԼҪԼҶ£˾ϣǱϿ˲˾ϣĸо˼ܣоݣһĳԭ
ϣΪǲЩº͵ʣеĻƣ΢ЦſѾָɫͽܣҹҹ͵͵Լͽ˾ϣǸڴǰվţºҸ΢ЦӢӣȴܲҶ֪ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ̾˿˵ǰǲһﵽЩʲôﵽתЩʲôͷ
÷º͵һЦ˵ܸʦСԴЩʲôʦҲ㵽ôġΪᣬȴϳŶԷɵѾͷʦʦ͸СԴʲô
Ҷһ죬˵ʦͻȡЦˣɣǻطȥʦһ͵ְɡ
÷΢΢һЦû˵ֻǴȰĿͽܡ
ҶʦƵЩ죬תź˵ϸЩŹʲô׵ĻһҪһңȻ١ǵҵĻͺá
֣صĵ˵ͷͻȻ˵ȻҶΪ˼飬ū֪ǸˣǴΪһԴ׵ˣһСǳŮӡǴɫĻʺԶܷϡŹ֪жūԸеﲻҪΪһЩΪҲҪԼū֪ΪһΪ˶ŹãĳһūԸĶ飡
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼû˵
÷̾˿һļһ

:159£ֻǲ159


Ҷ΢΢̾˿ʱɵ˲𱸣ȻֻǸūţȴԼⲻԸģϲϲЩ޷ԼҲǶֵþȵΨһɰɣٻţҸĿܺϣȻأֻ¿ҲǼҸ顣

ǣĿǰĹҪȶƺѾСĿδָܻȻڵĶѾ˳ǣЩ˯ĸоʵʱҪǿȱƳڵĶȷʵЩżȻԼѸٵƳڵĶǣ֪Ϊʲôָ൱ЩͣͲǰԼҲôˣһ;ͷΣƺԼڵĶûɾ

ҲڿԾȵ˶ֻǸѾƽˣҲֽƽǸʼղϳǰʦǸϲѩĹ°ŮӣǸ˾һȴŮӣǸĮŮӣ˵ƺֻܿЦһ£Լ常ȵ˶

ҶоҲ

÷º͵ĿҶʱ䣬ԼͽЩ֣ƺ˯ģ˿һֻ¯ԵСèʲôأ

Ҷ˸ǷЩɢ˵ûʲôͻȻҶоˡ˹ˣʱôˣ˵ѾƳеĶҲôǾĲ붯һ˯ѣ

÷ЩȻ˵ڵĶж𣿡

ҶһЦ˵ǺǣСЦǲ˶ѽôô˯ѽʦȥһ𣿾ҵҶоڶһطȷʵ˶ȻһЩҩ֪ûаڳȥҪ޷޷ʩչṦ鷳ȥʵֵĵһ˾

÷ûжʣ˵ͷ˵ѵַңȥʦĸһ㣬ɷġ

Ҷ˵ͷѵַ÷Ǹط൱أ÷֪ǸطҶҶоǶǲǾǵԼȥɿŵ˹ȥ

ҹէǣеĹЩ壬һϾĴţǾգţЩƮš

÷ɽɽεĺܺãһƬУۿɽҲû˻ҶľַԴҶү¿ʼͳһƬأ䵱ʱһΪҶǱģԣû÷һ·̲Ÿϵ

ûȻҶöʦȴδ뿪ԷҶһСҶоĵطǵ깩˾ϣĸ׵֮ҹɫ¿˵Ĺԡ

ָһ˵÷룬ǵʱҶҶо뿪ǵĹߣ򵥽ʵҹƮƮȥЩ˲ء

÷Լ뿪ʱҶĻʦҶоһҲܹһأԶЩʱգ治֪ΣȫǶһΣ޷ҪСЩҪֻԶԶĿͺáǶѾǶĿɿǰȥʳ£ֻҪĿǰξͺãǧһҪСġҶЩѹҲġ

ţͻȻ·ɪ֮÷Ծ𣬶һô棬ŷĵطȥ

ͻȻ˿һ˵ĵطԾ÷¹ĲҵȻһֵˣһ·㣬ݻ߸ķ׹˽ΣһҰ׵ѪɫȴͿŨŨۣ֬޿ɲںڵüֱ޽ǣĴƺεóѪʮָ⣬ȴݵˡ

÷ĿܷɺЩûҶĻҶһҪڰʱҶоҪΪ֪ҶоĿǰλΣԼ̫żϵ˾ʹҴҵĸ˹û뵽һŮӡ

˭

Щȴĵ˵һҹɫ˵ţһһ÷ûע⵽ĻϣУһſΣŻʼҲŻõͼ÷һѵ˿ˣ

ڴʱһ˴æ˹ŵ˵ǣǣūˣСЩǸЩŮӡ

ɫ£һ㲶־֮ɫŮӣˣ÷ʶŹװƺǻʹˡ
:160£ֻǲ160


Ư𣿡ǰһһЦЦݿ˵÷ĪᣬԼϳˣҶҶоȻûкŮйʲô飬ԶԶļҶͬʱֹɽϴΣҶҶλǧ𾭳ɽ棬ǵӡ

ôӣҶ˵ûôһˣǸ˭ѽ

һ־˵ƯƯǴƯˣû˿Աȡ

ޣƨҶо˵߷ģǰͣҪƯûг

߷÷һ£뿪乬ǰҶ򵥵˵Ҷо˸߷Ķ߷ǰʵ۵һū澣ҲǰٶŵͽҪҶоɱ˾ϣҶо˶ô߷Ҷо

߷һҲҿԡ

ҶоһЦ÷һ£Ҷо˼Уƺóݼ䱻ҧѪȤĽǲѽ߷ҶоҶоùи߷ûеĽ㣬㣬ңð˱ԼķΣգңƫƫǰٶŵŮнҩʱϵĶȻȲҵȴҶգ㡣룬ǿЦ˵˵ţŪϵױݣɫ¿Ÿǿɲ

߷ϳ˿ֲͷ˵һ仰

û뵽ҿɣҶо΢Ц˵Ц쳣Ŀɲȴĺ⣬ΪĿģȻҵҵһҩģҵҪǸΨмıĸ׵Ҫγȫ룡

߷Ӷƺʹĺܡ

ҶоĿ˵֪ҵʹ˰ɣֻѾһˣֻһ㵽ҪҪգʹһʤһգҲˣ㶨ܣۣ

ʲô£Ϊʲô߷ղҶо÷벻ףͷ˼⡣

㶨ǺܺɡҶоͻȻ÷Ķϣŵ÷ϵ

ͻȻһϣУҪ£׳ʲô£

÷˿Ͼѯʲôʱģôᵽطģ˵ǵģǺܺ棬˵һҲھǵ㡣ȴǺ棬Ҷоηģ

۾쿴ˣҵȴõĺܡҶоЩƣ˵ͬζҽҽɺãΪʲôң

乬û취㣬մԼΪ˾㣬ԼҲЩˣһʱϲģҹ㣬ôģ÷ϰʣ飬еĿ־ֻ࣬ôôԷ¾еܵѵһ·ǲǺģ

Ҷо̾˿˵վǸҲǸΪ¾ͰŮӹؽ乬ֻ֣ΪǸʲôĳѾͷɣߣǸѾͷҲҵĶֻ²þͻ߷һܣĻʺֻҲΣ

÷һ£ѿʵ˵ҲĶ

ǵģҶо˵һգǸҵɵ㾹ȻҪžαزֻҲΧֻҪκһͻжҵҲжɫζǰٶŴδùĶĪҽҲãϧ˶ѾͷһҪΪĻʺҽǳ룡

÷һ٣һ£ʣѵ֪ö

֪ǰٶŵŮӦ˵ҩô֪αжҲ֪Ǹһֱ벻ףһֱõòˡҶоɥ˵СʱȥȻԻаŵĺܣ

÷ʱףΪʲôÿһκҶ˵׹µ£ֵҶ֮˵Ϊ£ԭ֪ԼǱԼµġ

߷ô£÷ظ˵Ļ

ҶоһЦ˵ҲŮ˻ãǰʵ۵ŹǣǸǰϻʵ鼫˵ʱˣǷҲĶ֣鼱֮ҧͻȻǸǶĹʱȫأһҧʱҶʱ򣬹˶̶ʹĲҪȥֻҵѪѾˣֻҪãͻʹĲԼǱӦɣûɣɱԼĿܶûУ

÷˵һЦʵڿƺһɢеǿ̾ЦΪҲҸ㣡

÷ֻŶԷ뿪֣ԼϣʧҹɫУԼͰúչˡ

ҶоʧվŲ߷ȴһɺԼһ˵ʹࡣ
:161£ֻǲ161


ˡҶоתͷŸ߷ͻȻҵһЦ˵ԭǴ˱ģֻ뿴ʹ࣬ҴʱһͬģҲһ㣬ãɽǸԶ˵ˣǸ˵Ҷоһһòˣ׼Ŀ棡ģһúõĻţôʹҲԵ˭㺦ĸĸȻңҰһΪúõġģ

߷һֱڲƺ겻ÿһͷʹģÿһ鼡ⶼģÿһʶǿ־ġǣȴûɱԼΪ˰ٶţٶŵŸûа취һֱúúõģȻʱʱŻɱͻȻãҲǸ͵Ķҩԭ׼͵ģžְ취ͷģûã

ҶоΪ˲ʹ࣬úúõҶоţҶоǰţҲҶоһ£ҶоţͿһʹ࣬һĥ

㰮˾ϣСӣ߷Լʹ࣬ʣм𣿡

һ棬һѾҶоһҶоƽ˵Сӣ졣

߷û˵ʲô

Χķ羲ˣҶоĿԶˮԼ૵˵㿴ѹѾҶоõˣҶоӣֻҲ硣һҪһ㾪޵ŮӣһŮӣһҪΪҶġûһҿԳΪˣֻת۵ĹҲԸֻһʱһ̡

÷һֱ񱼣һֱ룬ҪҶͽһУͿԼҶҶһʣҪ˵˾ϣθģ

˾ǣѾǵڶ磬һ·÷Щƣ룬ҪҼҾƼҳԵ㶫̧ͷټׯľƼң¥Ž⣬͸һ֡˶٣̧˾¥Щ飬ȻκϵΪׯ죬һ룬ûƬ죬Ȼúܺһ룬ȻЦ۽

÷ϲͻȻһס֣˷ܵ˵һֱ㣬û뵽㻹ھţ̫ˣ̫ˣ

÷̧ͷˣ֪˭Լǰº͵ĳԼ֣˵һֱѽǺɡ

ׯĿǰŮӣƺǸЩ·Щƣ۾Ȼ͸Щ͵ģ֪Ȼûз¡ȻҶʦѹֿԽ̳һˮŮӣǲΪԼΪҶһһֻ˾ϣֻҶһŮ˵⣿

÷Һ㡣͵͵˵

÷һ£ٴεԼķε죬ΨһӣǷ׹ºȻУԭĲȥѰæ֮ȢĪ£ĪΪ檣ɣΪʲôټʱټĪ³׵ʱ򣬾ȻûĸоټʱҲֻ΢

лл÷º͵˵ûκ𱸺͸ˣֻƽ͵˵Ȼ̧ͷǰһļȣ΢΢һЦЦ͸һ̹ȻҶˣҪԵ㶫

ׯ̵ͷЦ˵õģõģ㡣

÷δÿɷ̧¥ߡ

÷һȥ𣿡ׯǰ÷ĳŶ˵

÷ҡҡͷ˵ҲķҪĪҽ飬һһҪ

ѵҲ乬ţׯʡ

÷˵ͷ˵乬Ҳһס˵ĵطǶҾͿǶʮңʲô𣿡

ׯ̾˿˵֪ʺǸˣһΪǸСǳŮӣҲǿĶԸô˵أֻΪΪд⣬ĻʺλվҪģ뷨̫ˡôֻһʺ󣬻˵ôֻһŮأеĴѾʼŮǲɱġʺΪֻѾ𡮹ߡ㻹ȰȰɣˣ뷨ûпܵġ

÷˵ȻʦҪɣѵҪһһأҲǴѵһ˵ҸȫǵġҸ𣿻ϾӦԺǧǿЦ

ׯͷĬһᣬž˵÷ǲǻںҵʱ飬ûȥѰľ£

÷һЦе꣬˵ЩӾѾû˺ۼ˵ʮǰǲģǵģ˽գҾȻͷû㲻ھΣ񲻶úܺ𣿡

ׯһ㶣Ŀ÷૵˵ѵٻصǣΪټ𣿲ٺԲ𣿡

÷ЩʧЦ۾Լ⣬˵ʮǿټ㣬ɣⲢʲôѽҲҾһҪһѽʵټʱоȻκεĸоԣɣͺúõĪҽãǶӦҲĵģĪ£Ϊ˵õ㣬ϧ˺޹ϵңҲģúõϧɡ

÷ׯѹĺ
:162£ֻǲ162


ҶԺĿԺеҶҶ䣬ϵıܰ͸żС

ɺͺվں棬͵͵˿ǶҶ˵еĴ󳼣ҪΪѡλʺ顣

Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ʺλô˴ϲǰɡô˵

ūûмϣϺû糯˵Щյ˵ϵ԰ɢģ뼸λϵŮһʫ룬ʵ˵˵ϵɫá

ҶͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵ʦˡ

˵ţ÷΢ЦԺУϻЩ糾

Ҷһ÷˵ɣʦЪϢһ¡

ɵ˵ͷ÷Ҳû˵ҲȷʵҪϢһٺҶ˵˵Ҷо顣

Ƕ߽ڣҶ˿˵ҽڹĽݽ𣿡

ɷģĽݽǸӣһֱ˹ܶ΢Ц˵ɱǰЩЩĽݽҲûɱΪ檵˼

Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ҸģҲûݿģʦ飬֪ҶоβãҲ̫⣬Ը뿪ǰԺúõİǣǰֵ

Щ⣬Ҷº͵Ȱ⣺̫ĿǰΣĿǰ״ֻһʱӦ϶ʵģţѵԭʵūŵݣǲʺ乬ģūűϾǸˣūǿūŸŻ϶꣬ԻĲҲԻʺûж⣬ŷūŹ˵Ǽලʵūڻʹʱ䳤ʶ˶֪࣬˭Ի˭Ի飬ſԺúõı

ҶĿź΢΢һЦ˵㾹Ȼ˽ӵ⣿

һ죬ͷ

֪ԶŹ⣬Ҷ̾˿˵ȻŹ⣬ȴѵ㣬϶һһ⣬һ㣬ҾͿԭĲǣֻΪһһ⡣ֻǣҾҪöŹϣƺЩѣ˵ЩĻϣǵĻϣȻٶȨƣڶŹҲֻһūţ˵ġίԼҪԼ뿪Щ

ɫ΢˱䣬۾ȻЩʪҶĻ̣ѾǾº͵˵ʵˣ֪Ҷǹ˵⻰ЦֻǴ˵һֱе¡ϺͻʺȫͶ֪ģһֱûбʾ޳ɣΪ֪ڶУֻһūţ

Լжôı΢ֻҪúõԼ飬ԼҸģ˾ϣǵĻϣ֮ϵ㣬ֻú˵ıݡֻܹǣ͵͵ĹذŶ

֪ԶŹĵģԣһ¡Ҷ˵¿ЩΪ㣬ƺҲΨһɰﵽķ

˵̧ͷҶūһϸá

Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ֪ʱŹһֱãҶ²ǰЩ˵ˣһֱûܺúõϢټأ岻ʡ⣬Ҳ˽Ŀǰ岻ףΪʹڵҽǸⲻĲһҩɹЩҩϸϸļ尾ˣȻĵİҽǸҩ۶Źʲô㶼һҪңǲң͸ɴ಻ҪҾȲȴǿӳİ취ˣΪˣ㲻ضʡ˵ûܹ𣿡

ûԥ̵˵ͷ˵ūŽģһáūһΪ˶ŹãẦŹġҪ˶ŹȵڣҲöŹʧϢˣһΪá

ҶһЦ˵ȻʵҲ˵ֻǲ֪ǿɷҸδһǷпһ

̾˿û˵

ҹҶڷ磬÷Ѿ˶յĺ⣬Ķƺر磬Ȼů¯ѾȼϣȻ˿˿ĺ⡣Ҷź磬Ŀܣôأ

еľƱűоƵ㣬΢΢һЦ˵ʦһˣһ

÷ҶɫЩ԰ףƺЩ㱣̫ãЩɢЩ뵡ɫ̫ã⼸ǲǾòҪҪ빬ҽƣȻ乬϶᲻ġ

Ҷ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵پˣֻһѾΪѵˣһģЩһǾӹ԰޲ϣǸ߸ߵĹŲźãƫȢôһѲĻʺֻֻһŮӣЩǴԼҵĶУαض£ұǰٶŵŮֻЩʣ޴󰭣صġǱ߳Աġ
:163£ֻǲ163


÷̾˿ԩңһǹһȴԸ˵ֵϵģøԹ߿Ľʦ֪һһĶϣãΪʲô϶˵

Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ͻȻ΢΢һЦ˵ϲһҪ֪ǲǰңʵǺµͷЦһҲΪĶңȴֻһЦҲǺ£αٳһΡǺܺҰúõĶˣңȻ֪ң˵ҲǶࡣ

÷Ҷ˵ֻ겻ϽӴŮӣһֻ㣬ҲӦʵİɡ

ҶĿԼʦͻȻһеľƣŬ΢Ц˵ֻ֪һֱңĴѰң֪ںδҼ뿪벽ʧһ̿ʼҼһֱԣô֪ֻǣΪϿɿݵңɷܸжʵ

÷ĿԼͽܣƺû˼

ҶҡҡͷЦЦϵۣǰľƱ˵ʱҴһͷҶĻ뿪Ϊ𺣣Ϊֻ֪ҪﵽĿһ̿ʼҾҲԼͷϣԸеĸͳͳĶ±Цʦ֪ƭĸ𣿴ӿʼϣĵһۣҾͰоͷǣȴֻ֮õһöӣҾҲĲ

÷ҶҶ˵һֲԤУҶ˵еĻԭġ

ڻУվڷеıӰȴҲ벻ҵһֱߣʱһݳߵһ䣬ʱһýɵģԣû뿪벽ҶУǣʦ˺ĸȴʹҲ޷ĵġҶˮ£÷΢Ц˵þ˰취˵ԼϣʵģȴҲ޷˵ԼԼĵģҰԸΪҿ飬ʦ𣬾ҶˣҵĻҲϸϸ

÷ĿҶѿ˵㣬Ҫʲô

ʲôҶһЦת⣬˵ʦҶоڻ֪һܻɷԸŻԸȥ

÷ҶоͷЩ֪ҪҪҶҶоʵΡ

ԥҶҶһЦ˵֪߷ҩĶԣԣҶоĿǰβʲô̫ϣֻ֪ŻҪȥԸΣһᾡȫȫԼţȥ

͸߷һ𡣡÷ԥһ˵

Ҷ΢΢һ㶣üһЦ˵ǶһȤı飬ǶദĻ

÷֪ǵͷûҡͷãֻ΢΢һЦƽ͵˵ȷʵһȻǸ߷˶ҶоҶоȴƷҶоĽͣҧ˸߷ʹ߷˶߷ܣԲòҶоȥòҶоһ𡣸߷ﻹƺҶоΪҲ֪ʲô˼ǣ߷ΪѲġ

ҶһЦ˵ҶоѾͷȻСʱƢ£ȻܹҧͦҹĿ࿴ȻӦҾͲٵˡǲǻ˺Ũױݾֹܹ죿ƹȰ㣿

ǵģױݷǳĿţŨޣ൱ˡ÷΢üͷ˵ҲϵԵʣէһһôˣ

常ҩǶⱾǰٶµһҩԻһãһʱһ̵ӲʹĻšʱ常֪ҩĿ£һֱûϣһֱĵĲĵطȴ뱻߷͵˳ʵҲҵʱҶ˵ʱϣ˶ֻ常ס֮常Ϊˣû뵽ٶĸ߷ô˻͵ҩȻֻȡһ㣬Ѿ൱Ŀ£常ǳģ벻ҾʹӦ常һҪһظ߷͵ߵҩ߷ظ߷͵ҩͻȻӰΪȫϣû̫⣬룬Ȼ֣ҩҶоϣͼıԴϣȻϣû£ȴһЩ޹ˣҶоø߷ɻҲѽԭҵƽԽ˶Ҳ֪Ϊˣ罣ˣֻΪ

÷ȻĿҶЩڳԵ˵㣬ǣ˵ҲֶҲᣬҶоһ

Ҷ̾˿˵ֶֻһֽⷨƽǣΪ֪Ҫ˵зŭ֮⣬֪Լ˶н䱸ͻʹ಻޷ȫĵԼķŭʣµֻǿ־壡

ԣˣ÷㶵˵ΪʲôҪϣأѵͲ𣿡
:164£ֻǲ164


֪ң뿪Ͳ̫Ҷ˵۾еˮȴѾһſŵĻ䣬ң֪˶һþеİ취ȶ罣ȴ֪罣ȻƽศɣȴԸֶҩΪߵķȫͬģԸҶˣܱһʱȴҸĻᣬϾֵŮӶĺܣңʧҲûпȥĿܡ

÷ĵĿҶ֪˵ʲôźá

ֶҩȻϣǣҪȶͱҩϣȻþȫֶȻȷ˽ҩɣҶ̾˿˵룬վ̫ļЩԣҵҲͬĽ֡

÷ˮھƱУ˵

ҶЩƣ룬ĵĽӿαϣĺ۾ҪϢһ£ȴֻзƣɬ

˾ϣ˫ֱ󣬹¶վţһ˸߾վһֲѣȴԵڲͬ

ǰΣ˾ϣʣԼҲ޷ƵĵģȻǹΪ֮ϵĻϣȴȻβȥжҶĵǡ

ϣֻ˵Ҷϲǡߵ˵Ҳֻ˵ϲǡ

ô˾ϣתߡ

ǰٶŵţ˳ơһ֮䡯Ӳ˵գҲû֪׽ʲôֻ֪ʲô鶼ֻǰ˵һ֮䡣

״ǲãΪ˾ȶѾͷԼʱܶߵϲŮǿҵģҲȡˡһ֮䡯ҵĳƺ֪һԣҲҲϲһϲǣķѾУ

˾ϣɵĴվڵϣ֪Ҫβźá

Ů壬Ϊ˱㣬ʱ䲻뿪벽ȴ֪Ȼ˵ǺֻΪŮĶ㣬һΣδ£

һֱߣ˾ϣȻĿߣѹһֱ֪еһƵġǰʲô˼Ҫʲô£

ͶѾͷ֮ѡһ߼򵥵˵ֶûпܽ⣬ƽǣĿǰΪ罣һټʱļҪǸѾͷԼľУڶǰûпٻָԣܹȵ˶ĿѾûˣѪȴöܾãöȥͱ÷ȥȻȡѪ滻˶ϵѪ

ԲУ˾ϣ˵ǰ˵ֺͿ

ԷѡԼԼ֪϶ϴӦ취˾ƣڵ˵ƾǴĶҩ˵ȴ̾˿

ոմҴҸ˵ͻȻԲѣɰٶŵŸȥһ˸ոյһĻ

˾ϣ۾ˮ䡣

Ƿ֪ѾУȻͨҽȴ֪ԼѾе飬ҲǸողʱŷֵġ̾˿˵ܻܲȥҪˡȡᣬҲ㡣

οԻȥ˾ϣʣƺȫ⣬ʵרעͰ΢΢һ㶡

ܹȥɡ΢ºһЩ˵ڻʶܲѡȥͿûȥ

˾ϣվڴǰȫޱ飬˺ð죬ͻȻ˵ˣ

̫˽վš

̴޵ּ⣬ʺһУ޷֮ڲ뿪乬벽κ˲̽κ֮úͽɹмǡ˾ϣ˵Ӵʱ乬ǧ֮ڲκ˼ɹи״Էʺӻ򽭺ϵ뿪

߲Բ￴˾ϣʲôҲ˵Ȼ˾ϣİ˵Ļ

ͽɴҴҸ֪ʲô£乬񻹻ԲѣôͻȻּ

֪ʲô𣿡˾ϣ͵͵˵

ͽһҡҡͷ

ڿʼҪ粽ǵĻʺκ˽Ӵκй¶ʺ״Է⣡

ͽһ˵ͷ

κ֪Ϣ¶Ϣǿնκӽ˺ǵĻʺҲͬԴ˾ϣͳ˵Ƿκ⣬ҡ

ͽһ˵ūŽģ

Ŷ뿪ͻȻ˵һҪ˵ǰ棬пܸǲǺˣ㻹Ҫ˵ֻһ޹ϵİˣҲҲǰҶҲ᲻ٰ㡣

˾ϣһ裬ЩãȻᶨҪţУͺã

δƽʡ

Ҫȡᣬһ˹ֻΪطʲô˾ϣ˵֪ԭΣ˶⡣

ߵһЦ˵
:165£ֻǲ165


糯֮ϣ˾ϣı鿴൱࣬˵ʱ䲻ãҪǰЩӾں֮ϣжԲڣ޷ʺ乬˼꣬Ҳ˼רĳ£ʱŮɫ

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޻ͷţ˼⣬ô˵Ҳ˵ΪʺĻἸûˣԼıãȻʱӹ˳Ҳ˵лΪĻʺһ룬ϾȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ̧ͷȴÿ˾ϣĿ⣬ŵ̵ͷԼЦݡջУ֪ΪʺҶǳʲô¶ԼǱֵıЩá

˾ϣĿųеڴ󳼣֪иԶʲôҶԸʵǲʺҵĹдţ˺ӣֻҲᱻЩΪǵǱŴӻʺλȫ֮ߣķ԰ȵڹдȥҪҶѾе飬Ⱥ֪ˣֻ֪ʲôոսãһжǰٷϴˣ̫Ҫǣһʲôʧ˺ҶǺαҪõĴǣֻĿǰݲпܱҶǿҶȵȥݣ

ʲôҩķ֪Լսû뿪һʱһ̿ʼ֪ˣŮһһյĹˣôܽΪһǵİ޹صŮӷأ׷뷨Ϊ֪ʼǷĪҽõһ飬Լ֪˶˶һþһа취ȥȣԼҲģԲΪ˰飬ֻΪ˶飬ԸԼȡ

ս乬ʵ̫ףÿնŰ˯ķžİĴǳκ˲Խĺ󹬣ǽ䱸ɭϵ乬ΪصǱˣԣû˻ģҲû˻뵽ǹĵǱϳҵˣҪƵǻϸǰĺˡѰ˼˭ǻʺĺѡ˶

ҶȻڻУ常ڴϣϵıû˿ıѹ֪ԼŮƢҪ˭ҲˣԼ˼ֻҪľͺá

վһߣȴżĺܣһĴ֣˵ǰ취ѽܲ˯ɣ

һ֮䡯˵Ҳǵ˼βµóֻԼΣҪһ£ķ

ӲºĻ˵ȥ

۾ᣬʹͷ޺޵룺ǸŹǵûǰ̸֪Ϊ˾ȶų£ңͻȻҲһͶйϵ

ͷյ룺αԼҸȥȫһ޹ϵأ֪Ϊ˾Ϊ˲ûԼȥǸūһһǵͻ϶ѹ

ϡ˾ϣͬ˾ƵĿ˾ϣ˵ϣλǰ˵˵취ȾȥǺã

˾ϣҲߵҶǰκˣڴǰ£ֱӺҶ˵Ը֪Ҷ΢ĺԸ֪΢Ҷ԰պ֡

һ򣬺ͽһ㶣̶˵ѹίɵĿǵĻϾĹڴǰĿǵĻʺͬᵽܲ

÷ڴǰСǰĶһһᣬһһ룬ĺ

ҶԿʼһֱӡϽҲӣֻƺӻϹ¿ʼĶһһεУ˷·ɵ˰㡣

ĿǵģüѾ˶յļįů¯յģǽΨһģϣ˯ŵĻʺůЩĻʺ￴ôĲ԰룺һǷǳ䣬һҪůůͺ͵ģ
:166£ֻǲ166


ˣǲǹˣҲ㣬ϣܹ㣬ԣҪеķԺúõĻȥ˾ϣģϴŵ΢ЦƺǰҶҲ΢Цſʹʺĵط̫̫Ϊ룬˺ԼˡǣŮӣҲ뿪Ҳ뿪˵ֻǶԸĸһֳŵ˲ѣϲҲãҪϣϵ˶ܡǣҲǴĻˣֻҾ޷һְȵӣЩ˲Źģԣ乬ҼҵĻϣҲòΪѡİţҪģֻһ㣬Ұ㣬Ȼ˽ҲɣһҪߺúõĿţŷģŻҸ

÷ƺǻعеĶȻһһᣬȴľᣬ·䵽ϣۣ۵ƺû˸о

֪㲻ԸȥȡΪ֪֪˶˶һȥȣΪǷĪҽһݶ飬ԣԸҵҴʱΪɣϣʧȻԺúõĻţֻΪˣҺŵȥͿҽܱŮӣűŮһһҸǣ㲻ң֪룬֪˶㣬Ҳ㣬һһֶκͷ㲻뿪Ұ벽ɷ֪ҪûϵȨǿߣģþһз뿪ңҲҪң˾ϣҶ֣Ķ㣬˵ֻǣǶ̫ɵˣҲ֪㰮Ҳ֪Ұǣ֪ˣҸ뿪Ҫ뿪Ҳյ㣬ԶǣҲֻ˾ϣӣΨһĻʺΨһŮˡ㲻Ϊ뿪ҾͿ뿪ңңãʱҪ뿪ңҲҪκϵңȻҡ

˾ϣĻԵһ֮䡯ȴ΢ЦϲƵļһ

ˣһҪСЩҪŪκ˯ˣͻˡ˾ϣ˵ȻҶһġ

ͽ̵ͷʵǸ֪˵ʲôһֱڷ

˾ϣҶ˵ҾԲѪȥȶģһᶯôеĿԲ㣬ԸԸݶ飬ҲҪţҲҪ㡣Ϊ㣬ҲҵҲǷĪҵģԭҲĪǷҵģ°ɽׯΪΪҲܣҲԡ

ͻȻһӹڵ˵ūŶԲūǸ˵Ȱ棬˵ŹΪԱܵеĺĸ߻ϣŹҲͲнСϣҪԹǺһ¥˶Ϊ˺ˣȻ˲˶Źʵʱַ˺һѡΪȰһˣǰٶŵ£װɱϣȻŹ㣬ûΪľ֮ΪʺǸƻеĺҲǾ͵ڶֵĺˣȻǲɱ˶ģԵʱһ˳ֵʱǾΪǼƻеģû뵽һˣǾûгְæһڻʺȥץ˵ʱһƻںϣ˵ʱöŹж˲ַˡūں֪һеġңĽݽĴϣūۿǶŹȳִΪūҲ֪ˣŹҪǿġʡ֮϶ĺ⣬ԣԡǶΪԴĴ˶ŹңַҲڳдЩæˡϣūŰɣū˵ĻͲᵣЩҪ乬ˣ

ɺ޺޵˵֮ˣ֪ϲŹϣֻǸūţƫƫҪ˵¶ˣ

˾ϣ˵ɣԹ㣬Ÿޣ֪ʱΨһˣиޣһˮʯˣ򲻿㣬ֻһ֮ˣֻΪ޺֮⡣ҵʱ˶ȻΪĪһѣϾҶоĵ£ҲӲܲ˵ģֻǵʱ̫æϾԭɣңܹ˴˶ˣΨһһαԹˡ

һͷͷڵϣ棬ū޶ۣţܹΪϵĻʺǶŹһūǺͿһʼܹ˵ʱʱҪūſ˵Ǻ˵ݣŹԵõ꣬һҲ˲ҲͲȥˣ˻ѿԼŹʹҩūţūȥãūôû뵽һأūţūŶԲϺ
:167£ֻǲ167


³ŮκҲȲ˶һ֮䡯˵ҩҲֻܹӻѾͷһʱЩʹѾͷԹڸӣĻɢŮʱĶֻһҲҪΪֶҩۡĪҽñΪˣȴ룬󣬺ԼٶŵŹǡɻ

˾ϣ΢΢һü˵Īڷǰ̸Щ£ǸΪˣˣһĽģҲ˯̤ʵˡһ취һȲˣҲȥɣҴӦҶȥҲŵҪúõĻһܾȶ

ͷûбʱǺڣΪʲô˵Ȱ棬ȻһӣƽĻţ˵ҸĿܣҲĻʺУ︹δεӷŮ

Ҳ̫żһ֮䡯ͻȻĶ˾ϣ˵Ҳ޾ĿܣŮȻʱڻУһԭ򲻻ԼȥǣѪȵģǻ˵ĲſԣԣԼֻڻжܷȻѪʧȥڻѪǰԲԼġ

ҵѪ˵Ҫġ

һ֮䡯м˵Ҳ̫СҰٶŵĶҩ˰ɣĸ˵ѪͿԾȵ˶ŮαҪԼأǰǱӵƽľ˵ѪųɣûƽľҲûʲôãǣ»ƽֻһûбˣ

ɵɵĿšһ֮䡯һãȻ

ѵŹûϣ𣿡ŬͷıôһŮӣҲͷΨһĹˣ˵ûĵ𣿾ڣҲһҸڡ

ûϣҺθɣһ֮䡯Į˵ֻҵŮΣҿԸǣ÷ȡҾһҹ֮޻ˣҪˣһӴֻǳ˯Ҳֺ

˾ϣһЦ˵ǰ˵ϣǿοֻǻҪǰæȹĿǰЩѹأд󳼺ĪҽþԲʹ˷Źңĸ׻Уֻ»۵ĵľǣǹ׶㣬ѷԷǰæֵЩ

һ֮䡯΢΢һЦ˵ⲻѣοһҪΪˣ˵ַ粨

ѹ룺ŹﵽҪβſԲأϣԼԻȡ

įĻʹ˵䣬뿪乬˾ϣһ˴ķڣ»ȴ޷˵ļįһֱߵĺͽɣȷеĽڲ֪һֱҶԽɵߣѹʱýһЩԼĲͬգʱʱĬĬǰһҶٳɹҲڳõദȫͬڽɣֻԼҶַʽ

ںĽɶҶߣĿǰģȻǻϣһҵľʱҪһԼŮ˾ȻҲ˵ѡЩдǣһǻĿҶ޲ſɡҶү췴鱩¶ҶҪȥѣһҪ뾡һа취Ҷܵһ˿һ˺

Լ˱ǣ˵Ĵɫˣ˾ϣһ˿ЦĪҽǵԽԽˡ

˽ˣģһ˿˵ԥЦݣԼмֿɬ֮⡣һҸԸܣҲҪס˾ϣˣӰ˶ãֻԼ֪ӿһۣǸϱкӣһ£ΣĿ͸һĶʣǸ߰ĲͬʣߣΪԼһһԼģһҪΪӵӣ

һ̧ͷ˾ϣĿŵƻõ΢Цô˽΢Цţ˵ѽЩ޲֪ԭ޵ĻʹҲ繬ȥ磬Щ̫ѾͷǶʲôѽ

΢΢һ㶣˾ϣ鿴˵ѣˣѵٶڵҩ˲ŬԼϱ΢Ц˵ϣ磬ôˣǲ̫ãǣϣ磬ԡЩūǿæһ죬Щˣûоǡ

˾ϣͻȻҲһįҹɵȵů¯վһߣӰڰӰȴ˵̤ʵЦŶǸ˵ɣ֪иȢȥɵ㰲̤ʵĸоʱĽӦҶɣ֪ǰҹֻһůͻбŴҸ̤ʵʱԼϸЩ˵ϳǽҶݵģǣҶȷʵƭΣһʾ˵һʲô֡뵽⣬Ȼ̲סһЦϵı̱Ҳˡ
:168£ֻǲ168


էһ˾ϣϵı飬ΪԼֱۣ飬û˾ϣϿûУҸᣬҪĳ嶯Եõ˾ϣһЦҲ㲻ϣ硣

˾ϣһ㶣عǰĶȻЦݣǱԵõĮ࣬Ҳģ˵ޣ𣿡

ͻȻ÷ǳĺ䣬֪ղŵ΢Ц۾ԲΪģѵΪЩ½빬Ůӣ˵޻ıǸ൱ƯŮӣȻסڹҶ˵ѩģ˵ڶڷ׷ۣ˵ǸŮпܳΪµĻʺ˵Ǹᣬ黭ͨŮӣǳسһʱ˺͵Ůӣƺʺ쾭¡

һ뵽⣬۵˷ϣ磬Ǹѩ˵ƯãЩ˵Ůӡ

˾ϣһЦ˵޵ãѵӦΪ޸еҪɼҵģοԺģ˭޵ŮˣҪ״ԶκһŮ˿Զռˡ

ͷͷյ÷ۡ

Щ𣿡˾ϣ˵ҽ˵һֱ̫ãǴĹҪúúõģԼģҲǴġ

ͷʲôҲ˵ˮȴĵֻôίǰˣȴ׵ľ˵޶ԵĻѵ岻Ϊ˾˳ôأ

ͻȻ̧ͷʵĿ˾ϣһһ˵ϣ磬ѵͿ赭дĺҵĴ𣿡

˾ϣһЦ˵ѾΪ˵úĴأ

ȴ赭дİҶĸһߣԭΪҶϲңΪµŮӣżҴ򷢳ȥѵںҵĴ𣿡ҧ촽ȻҧѪۡ

˾ϣȻЦ˵޵ɣҪ㣬ҲڶŮеһҲǼʱ乬꣬ѵҶһܺõǲˣ޵ãҸ˺úõĹһӣкβãң֮ԭ֮꣬˵ϤģûϤ˶û

㲻ˣ˵˵ѵҶһʱģǲһûнӴŮӣһʱԳѣ֪㻹ǻģǣȴ˶ң

˵ֻ֮֮꣬ʲô߲˾ϣ˵Ŀ⿴Щ㱣룬Ҷʱ乬ˣֻ֪ǲַӱе⣬ϣһ⣬֪һĿ࣬ȻţʶﻹĴڣΪβʹºԼ׵ʧһǻǷŲ

ʲô˾ϣĿǰĶԼ˺Ҷİ⣬ԼĲȷҶȫİĺһʻҶô֪ܲġʱҶǰһһչǣһȴ޷õκʵڵĳŵͰգƭķӦһУԼӡΪ֪ģʱ˵ƭҶôأ

˵˾ϣУˮֹı˾ϣ壬ľԼҪˡ

˾ϣֻǰվţ˼ǻ㱵ģ뵽ʱΪҶʧˣȴ﷢ǸʱͷʪģʵǸոմʱð䷶ʴʱìܣǵļƻٴαҶĴ֣Ҳֻ֪ΪǸʾֻҶһĻѡˣ˯ˣǸʱһֱΪǣʱͷ룬ǹҶġ

ŵʼһ壬ЩͷĿѣЩŲסˣԼ˾ϣԸߵ˵ˣҽȻʲôҲ֪

УҶЩĪƣ룬ԼУƺ˵һ𣿡ǸֵԪģô

ģҶʡ

뿪Ǹʱֻһʹߡº͵˵ʱҪڵһҶ벻뿴Ҷˣ

һҶҶЩ벻΢üͷŬš

İ֮㲻ڴ˴һʱǸʱиҶȻº͵˵֪һֱڵǸҶΣ͸һЩ飬¸ҵԼ
:169£ֻǲ169


ϤİĳУ¥ͳŴûеͳǴģǸɾģﲻǣҶҰ£ԶԸ

վȺȴû˿üԼھûӰӣֻҵ˺ͳ̵ľǰ󣬵һİ칫ңһϰһϤˡ

ϣ֪ĴʦϵдѾǸ˵϶˼Ȼҫ۵ĳɫӡҶľȻκβ͸˵кӣԴϣǻһݽӣٿȴ翴һӲʶİ˰㡣

ҶͻȻӿһĪԼѡԼȥȡѵûһЩϣıԹѵڱĳͷϣԼΪǰӶϣʼһݲȫ

ǰϣʵʹϣֻէһٳɫӣϸ֮£ֲһϣҲһʳڵӣźͰϣȴһĸ߹̹ȻǷһκΪʲôܾǶͬأʵǶ˸ͲͬҶͻȻ࣬ʵϣİԼҲͬĺ¡

ţű˴͵ƿһ׳ӳ˽ſϣ˵ϣϣ㣬ңҿ˭ˣңҴ죬ˣ

ϣ̧ͷ΢Ц˵Уһõľ죬ȻҲ¹ʲôдѽʲôѽ

ңҡ˴˿˵㣬㻹ǵǸΪɽȥĽҶŮѧ𣿾ǣǸǸΪȡõУѡʱŮѣһɵСѾͷ

ҶݺݵһۣʲôɵСѾͷڴһ仰ͿҪһоͿȥһ룬ǸʱԼȷʵǺɵġ

ʶˣǵϣߵһ顣

ϣüͷ˰죬˵ûжӡ˵˾ˣٺҲû㻹ǵѽҶǵʲôôˣʲôˣ

Ҽǵ֣ǣǣ˵ʲôٴα˴˿˴˽

ǰһӣº͵΢ЦŶϣ˵ִʦǾǺҶ٣Ժ󽫺ǹͬͷĿǰİӡ

ҶͻȻһԼһʱ֮侹Ȼ˵ءһŮӣĶ̷ںĶ̷ȴ˵ģһ䵭ľƽ͵ľִֹʦϣҺ졣

ǸµҶҶͻȻЩȻͬһԼʵеķ棡

ϣȻĴվȽǸ˳һŬ΢Ц˵ңҾ˵ҵĶͷ˾ĳ٣ǺǣҡǰϷŪģǸҶ

þòҶº͵һЦͻȻֻһ£һЦ˵ǸҿԽµ绰𣿡

ϣɵɵĵ˵ͷ

ǸͻȻ𣬡ҶҲ뿪ʱҶĳһλһ㣬ʱˤȥͺСҶ꣬Է𣿵ʱǸСҶһµĹޡ

ҸҶ˵

Ϊû˶ĺۼ˵ڴʮľҲͬʱӰҶĳͬʱѸٳɳȹʱѹء

Ҷ˵ͷ˵վҪȥҾҪصֻΪʲôһҪһռźʵĻſԻصߣΪʲôһҪһŴĵʱյһͨ˶

ΪעһˣȻ˵

ҶЩ񣬿ǰҶ΢ЦŽӵ绰΢ЦݾͬԼƽİϣģɣȴԼĽᣬѵǰѶϣԹ޷ŵϣһֱϣ𣿻ڲ²⣬̹ϵ˵ԼĸܣվҪشݺΣһˣȻһֻܾİš

ֻҪžҸģαôνʽأ

й𣿡ҶͻȻЩƤʡ

еЦ⣬˵ϣĽᣬҶĽᣬûйǵ飬㣬ǻǻȥɣ㲻ǻԵġǰҲðȥͷˡ

Ҷһ죬˵ͷͻȻЩ˵ϣʱ򣬶ʵĿռΪʲôҪִڹŴΪʲôһʷϲڵĳ

ֻһͬʱգʷֻʱյʷصȻҲֻʱĹ£ʵʱҲǴͬʱڵʱ䣬ʱڴϻţֻǴһʱյŶѡ˵ΪʲôʱҲֻ֪֪Ҷĳ˾һ㣬һʱѰҵ㣬ٵһԺһ㡣ԺԺ󣬻ôֻ֪
:170£ֻǲ170


Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵һǲףҾȥˣ۷ʲôһҪúõĻţֻҿϺúõĻţҲпܺúȥϣҸһµ£ֻҪǼǵǻమͺá

ֻһЦ

ֻǣֻϣڴʱʱǸ򵥿ЩŮӣҲֻϣһҿԲ١ҶͻȻƤ˵ܹ¾ʱĽǼֵףص£վֻڰϣΪϣ

ǺǣԺ飬Ҳֻ֪֪һǵİůģһȴİ飬ΪעԶమˡ

ǲֻҶ۾ʱյӰڽʧ

Ҳ𽥵ңԶԼƺһˬʵЦƮȥǵİԶƣ룬ÿһεǶʵİ飬һԼ

Ҷһ£ԼмݺϮԼ˵˵һζŹĲԽԽˣǰҲȥˣˣôˣ

Ҷ̾Ĵ

ңңܺãЩѣѾ죬ʱ䣬˵ͬ껹ҪҶٳǰ͸ҩûüͳȥʵͳȥʲôãӳѣܾȵûʺѪǣ˽

ǰǰٶŵţа취ҲҪ̫ż÷ģз̾Ϣ

ʺĿǰҲ̫룬ʱʱǰҲ֪ҪδʺƫƫʱŹҲ¡ǽɵЩ̫ˣǻң

ҶҪ˵ȴӳģʲôҲ˵ȻǰڴϣʲôҲˡ

Уġ÷º͵˵ʱһŬҵϣʱֻʱˣһֻ뾡һа취ȥȶŹģѵҪɣ

ԼУҶ۾һĵãȻѹԼʱ޷ָƣ룬ر˯

洫˽ŲŲҶϤģ˾ϣ

ˣ˾ϣʣ̫˺ϧڴʱҶһĵĸжԭһˣ˵ļ򵥺ҸǿֵģֻǱӰӵŵӡ

˯š÷º͵˵յҪ࣬ȶƽࡣ

һֻůסҶ֣º͵ڶϣůůϢƺǴˣǺ㣬޲ʱʱ̿㣬ǣڲܱ֤㰲ȫǰҲܸһ£ǣԶȫĵط

֪Ҷ˵ϣһúõĻţΪ㣬ҲΪǵĺӣΪһпµ·֪µ·ߣѣҲ뿪Բᡣ

һˮһˮҶϣҶһ˾ϣˮһжһĻϣһ֮ϵľںƭԼƭԼǺúõģֻ˯ˣҶˮҲסƺֻˮЩ

ĺ㡣˾ϣ૵˵óǣ㣬Ϊʲôأ溦Զ

ҶᡣƺγѪһҪúõ¸ҵİǰӣԼİ飬̽ٻ˼ֻҪ򵥵ͺá

ſ֮ƺִ˾ϣüͷһ壬˵ĪҽãǵӦǺʲôʱȥģԶĽŲ£ҶĻʺʼһģȻҲԥϣҶȻضվǷǸͷ

ϣ뿪ɣĪҽÿվǲ̫õġ÷º͵˵뿪ǷֲѣҳȥӦǣԲ˺ġ

˾ϣϱƽ˵֪

÷еĻƣߵ⣬ſںͺĪҽãһЦº͵˵֮Ȼλ⡣λ˺ʲô鲻ɣ

÷ĳĪҽһ㶣ǲû뵽÷ֻ֪˺ͽ⣬ţԶһֱǰŵġءӦú׼Ҷȴû뵽÷Ī£Щڣ㶵Ĳ֪˵ʲôźãĿ÷

ǾʱģôƺһֱŴϴμѾˣĿ÷ȻᶯˣŮӡ

ҪҶĪֱ˵

Ҷǿɽеģʱ乬ȻǻϵŮˣһǴΨһĻʺң˴乬κ˲̤벽Ϊӻϣѵǲ֪𣿡÷˵ЦȻڴϵġ
:171£ֻǲ171


ѵ㲻֪췴𣿡Ī˵

÷΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˵Σ乬֪ķ粨Ƿĸ˷뷲θɣܲ˵ɡ

Īºݺݵĵ÷һۣĿǰ״ңʱԼƶһѣжų֣ô֪ԼŮΣһҪҶΪ˵³ƽĴҶ⣬˭ҲȲ˶

ҪҶȥĪ˵Ǻ޲ó乬ҶֱԼŮǶԼŮ

ʱá˾ϣ÷еƣ֮⣬ȥȶҲ㣬Ϊ˶Բѡ

÷һ㶣˾ϣȻû뿪ѵȫĪҽõ뷨ɣĪҽû᲻ôֳ

ϣĪҽöЩ⣬û뵽˾ϣ

ҲϣԾȵ˶ǣǰֻҲˣʱǲʱѾȣڣԲѣûκοȥˣңѹָƽҲȲ˶˾ϣ˵κθ飬ܵ˵Ҫˣ룬ֻ¿бȵ˶

Ī¿˾ϣȴϿκεĸ飬ȫ֪Ҫȶǲȶֻ˵Ŀǰڹв˲ٵŮӣ壬ڶ֮£ô乬ѵǶҶŲ

鿴ޣð֮𣡡˾ϣ˵Ѿ취ζˣԲǴĵһλ޵Ȼǰɽׯһ㲻վǶҲ²⡣

Īµͷʱ˾ϣѾǴĻϵʵڰɽׯԺƽƽȻڰɽׯʱ˾ϣҲֻǰϷʱŻƺһ˽һλڵġֻǣദĻǢ벻Į

֪ˡĪµ˵ҲֻһʱļŻܵ乬Ҷ

Ҷе𣡡˾ϣ˵Σ޵Ļʺ󣬾乬Ҳܶˣ㻹ҳƺΪɡ

ǡĪ˵ͷ͵͵һԼãΪʲôһ仰Ҳ˵ȴ֣ĪãȻĿǰ÷ûͻϵĶԻջãһΪһΪֻЩС£Ҫɴ£ָ

Ŀǰˣ˾ϣת⣬һߵ÷˵ȥɣʲôʱˣǵ֪ͨޡ

÷˵ͷûпκˣ˽ȥ

˾ϣתͷĪ£ʣո㣬ˣôûлشޣ

Ī˵ǳ÷˵ԣûдʱʱżѵʱ˻ã˵ԳԷɫҲãһԣͻɫ԰ףǳʹ࣬˵ҩ֣õһֶҩûнҩƽĴˣ˭ҲⲻˡԣҶȥ

˾ϣ˵޸ոտǰԣĿǰʺѱ֪Իùգܾȵ޿ֻôӱĵط취ˣ֪Ҷү췴ģԱţõϢ

Īһ㶣һ䣬Щŵ˵ֻʶ˵˵Ҷү췴֮⣬ͣڡ

˾ϣֻǵһЦȴЦĪ²Ĵ˶£ѵЩ飬϶֪ˣ

ȻȻҶڻ˯ѣģģȸˣ취Ⱦʵ޹ĺܡĪµί˵ȴЩ޷εĻš

˾ϣ˵޼ǵãǴĹ᲻ǵ뾡һа취ңɽׯҲ޵Ĳ֮޲᲻ǵЩ£ԡ˵ţ˾ϣƺȫĶһ£Ȼ˵޻رհɽׯ˺£⣬Ҳ֪

Īûп

߰ɣﲻ϶ǴӱЩ취ɡ˾ϣȻ˵Ȼ̧뿪ͷҲûأƺȫ乬ŮҲǻԲѡ

ǰѵ˻ϣһҪĺſ𣿡˵ôãϲǶôںѽҲǻԲѣΪΣϲùҽƣ

÷̾˿˵ӵĻԱһ˵ķעĿҲֻ취Ҫô˳Ϊ֮ϣעĿ޷֣Ҫô˱˵ǵ벻룬ǻϿԱΨһ취ĴڣȴԼŵ˷ߡкڣͨе˺£㽿ڣչ˷ӶصĻأڣԱ֤ܵ˵ĹͰʵ乬ΧտĵشǻϾ˼ǺĽ˿ԲºڷߣҲһǧ治ðӰϸȥ룬֪ϿһƬΪʵþ˼
:172£ֻǲ172


Ī¹ڵϣͷѾĳѪѾ벻ʲôԿ˵ֻţǰſ˵ʲôԾȵ˶ʱʱѵĹ˰࣬ѵʱʹ޷ݣȴ޷ԵʱһľֺͻţĪĶҪˣԸĸŮǰģһڰɽׯµµΪƽˣҲùĿǰ

ɣĵҶˡһ֮䡯˵пɽ֮αؿ˿ȥĵķѾǸ˯Ůڼڻָգһ̸ңҲ˵ˣǸѾͷҲʱʱѣѾͷˣʱŮ뾡һа취ƳʱͲ֪ĶƮ˭ûµмҲֻ˵ԼԼʰ

ǣǣȥҲġĪ¿˵취

һ֮䡯һüͷ˵ó취αŮ񻹻ԲѣǺͿҲŮѵҵŮ𣡡

Īţ˻ڵú޲һвǳΣԸûׯûùҶûУûһһУԸûǿֵİɡõʲôԼʮӣϧһа취ӽ͵͵ǸʱԼһȻŵŮǵĺڻ԰Ϸȴᱧ˯ŵŮ͵͵ᣬԼףҲ˳ּҵأǸԼþһа취ơŮȴȻԼ˷Ų¡

õ˵壬ȴԶûеõġ

Ͳ֮侹Ȼμ

ţ֪ˣɷ񡪡Ī²֪˵ȥϣԼζɱ

һĪĺ⴫һɫӰڷУһ˵֮ݣһ֮䡯Ҳ̲סüͷֹô߽˾ϣ

Ҷоˡ˾ϣȴº͵˵

ƺһ£ЩĿ˾ϣ˻Ƶ˵ϳģֻҵҲϳȴһӾϳң

˾ϣһЦüְݵ˵޵УȻǸǧϻЦŮӣϲ

˻Σ΢ͷ̾ϢһʱĴ治ޣҲʱԿҸ֪˶ٷҪȡ֮

֪˾ϣһЦȻº͵˵ÿһ㣬Һ£뷨Ҳֻ뷨αһҪϡ룬һ⡣

Ҷоٴ̾˿˵Ҳգֻ㲻ǵҡζԴվҵ׽㣬ΣյʱԼңôԣҲãҪҲһ롣ȻҶûκεĺøУͲΪҽ㣬ҹһʱ֪ⶾҶҵѪ߷ȻҲƿҵѪʵʹ಻ʱ£ȻһЩȡ

˾ϣ΢Ц˵㣬ϧԼ롣ҶоǸʱӽ㣬ޣĺܱǸǵʱӽ㣬ҸˣȻỹһ˼ûаҲΪЩ˼Σ

ǿɷпԾһһҶоȻ΢Ц˵óеĵ

˾ϣ΢Цţȴû˵

ÿһÿһ㶼ֻᰮҽ㣬һҪڿܵĳһ㰮ңȢңҵĽ㡣Ҷо˵ȴһЦ˼ûУעԵݣǲܰڿԱ˴ʱǷͲٰҵĽ㣬һǺ޲δʱǷȻమôһһҪֱҵŻ֣

˾ϣȻ΢ЦţҲȻºͣȴɣ˵ĿܣޣҲֻһˣȻǺ޲δʱҲһҪȢһȻһ޵ŮӣҲȻֻһˣ

һҲܹǰ֡ͻȻ˽ʱģûֻ֪֪ʱͻȻ˵ôһ䣬ҲǲɵģһĻһĿ㣬ٳǰйļ䣬ֻܰһˣҾΨһ

˾ϣ˵Ѿ˺ۼȻ꣬Ҳ޼ǵ֣վǰһ磬ιѡʵβ뿪ЩޣҸң

Ҷоͬʱ˵ͬһ֡

˾ϣ˵ǡ
:173£ֻǲ173


̸ʲôҶоɣҵĶԴоҩһ֮䡯ͻȻ˵˵Ůѹ

Ҷо˵ҳʱ̸һˣǾܹȵ˶İ취ˣԼбķȵ˶ûбİ취ѹĶϹˣ

һ֮䡯ɥ˵֪Ҳûа취ŮѹҲŲĶܲκأ

ҶоһƲ죬˵˵֪Ǹûû˰ŮӣǣһҪ˴е˶ΪԣŲţ˵ʱҲΪҷ˴󡣺ߡ

һ֮䡯һƲһûҶо

ĽҴҵ˽鿴Щջ𣬿ݵˣ΢΢һ£ƺЩԥ˶٣վסȴû˵Ѿ׵˾ϣһЩʲôݡ

˾ϣϱƽͣƺûпĽ󽹼ֻǵĿź£ɴҶоǷˣֻҪ˺ŮЩϵͿԭ£βһˡԭҶоԣҲֻΪҪҶ̹ȻĻţԲŻþһа취Ҫȡ֮˲ϧɱҶİ취ȴȻǽǰҶ˽λϣֻһ㣬˾ϣͿԭ

ԭǵĸףԸҶһõĹޣҶоһĻᣬҶİܹԭǵĸףҶү

ΪȨƣȻŮҸˣȻԼСŮһҩһҸһòڲӱܵʹУֻȻˣ˵˽ֻںҪںģԶῼںģ˵ŮֻǳȫĶӵĹߡ

Ҷоʵǿ

˾ϣҪˡҶоЩ˵˵˵ҩֻʹұԽԽֲԽԽΣԼȴ޷ɱԼֻܻţʱһڵ㣬ԺٲҲ㿴ңʱһһˡǵ𣿺úöԴҽɣڰ㣬Ϊ㣬ԸԼȥһʱҪŮӣҲ֪ΪһŮӷǶԻǴֻҪҪκҲ޷κ˶ĴţĴǳļǿôҲͻȻףʵǻ̹ȻʵֻҪ飬ֻҪԵϧ˺£㿴ñԼҪҪҪΪúõĻţҽ㣬һ

˾ϣ˵ͷ֪ףֻ޴÷֪жôں޵ʧֻΪްѾ㹻ȴ֪ʱһҪ׿ڸ֪жమ֪޵УÿÿǰĵεΣεĻϲìܣʱĵΣ֧޵

ҶоȻƣȴºܹ࣬˽꣬£ѾҸŮӣܹˣöĸԸˣأ

һ֮䡯ֹ

˾ϣữʽ˵ȥɣܹͨ͸ѾҸαĻȥóҩΣ֪ҶоΪϽ𣿡

Ůô죿һ֮䡯˵

˾ϣһЦ鿴ȴ˵ıˣƢ޵ģǺ֣ƢȴƫƫһԸǰŮŮֵ̫¡

ܹÿ𣿡һ֮䡯ʣЩӣҿóŮĵģΪΣԲѣһУֵĲرżһҲ᲻㵽ôġ

˾ϣȻڵϣȴһɵĪ¡

ÿʲôҲʲôҲΪǸɵѽ̸ҵŮȴ֪һֱ뾡һа취ŮȻСĵġһ֮䡯ЩСС˵ȻһֱھޣɱϾǰٶŵţĻһеģģǿԷĴ󵨵˵Ҫ

˾ϣȴû˵˿Ľ󣬵ʣǲҶүǶ£

ǵģĽŬѹеķŭ˵ǰһЩɲŻĵط֪䵽߷ҲܵĶȥˡ

˾ϣ˿һ֮䡯Цһ£˵֪㲻Ѱ߷Ѿ㱨˸߷ﵱʱȫҵĳˣҶүҲ֪ȥĶʱ޻뾪⡪ȥЩʱȻȥʰǣЩʱȥӰɣҶǸ˳ŮӣǷ޶Ҫúúõģǣҡ

ĽЩȻĿ˾ϣͷ˵ǲǲĽΪҶү룿

޺ֹ㡣˾ϣЦЦ˵ֻЩ˲ޣҪǳ֮ȴ֪˲ȸں޾Ҫֻȸȥɣ޶Ȼаš
:174£ֻǲ174


ʱúܿ죬ƺתۼ䣬͵ǰվȻƮСѩϣϸ˵һůĸоůĻ¯乬ƺԵôįȻҶȻڳ˯ɫȻͣ÷ͽɵϸϣƺֻ˯ǻԡ

ȴսȻҶоѪʹ಻ʱһᣬɫȴԽԽѿ˴еҽƺҲã˾ϣǾģ˲Ҷ⣬ܹ뵽İ취ȫ뵽ˡ

ۿŶڴϣɫԽԽ˾ϣоȻԭŮӵĹִԭҲֻǰϷѣһУΪĿġ֪ҶҶ϶Ҳ᲻̣ԼҪŮӣԣҶǳ˯ѵģҶܵ˺һЩ

ڴϣĿǰվŵ˾ϣȫǲᣬ˵İǰˣȴ޷Ϊ˵Ůˣ˵ͬȡ֪ԼǴһĽݣݶ˵ȴǿµģΪԶûа취Ϊ˾ϣӡ

𣿡ͻȻ˵ʮֵĻ㱡

˾ϣ΢΢һ㶣ʱ򣬶ΪͻȻᵽ˺ѵ˺ĺãܺã𣿡

˵ͷ鰧˶˵ͻȻǰʱ⣬ҲͻȻ

˾ϣһЦº͵˵ף޵ķԸһֱ乬ŻʺͿ˵һֱܺá

һЦ۾˵

ѩһŵūţȥһˣ˵Ҫٸ˾ϣ΢Ц˵Ժ˵һ£Ȼ޷أҲĽ˶ôá

ѩ΢΢ͷӦһ˳ȥƺĿ˶һֺۣܿĴ

Ϣĺ鼫ȸӵĸڴϵĶ԰׵ϢȻһᣬŮǺǻеΨһΨһϲŵŮӡ

΢΢һЦ˵ôö¶棬ǲǲǵ

ɫһ䣬˺˵ôֻǣ񡪡

Ҳͣôöû¶棬˵ңһ˴ڹѩûһ׿ɽˣϣ·æʱң㾹ȻҲҡί˵ˮ档

ЩʧĿŶܲϰĶôһƵģѵһж͸鲻ɣ

˾ϣ΢Цţĵ˳ȥжڶ˵һ£ĶԺģҲҪΪ

Щ֪˵ʲôõվǶ

ѩĴͷվţƺһ

ҶŹɣǰĳƺЩڶоͺ޹һ㣬ϣϧңȴ֪ǲϲЩνš̾ҲǷһǲ⣬ͺϣһƺɡ

ĺͿˣҲжĲ֪˵ʲôźã԰ףγһ¡

㲻Ը𣿡º͵ʡ

ҡͷ˵ǣǣֻǸūţôֱ֣Ǵ󲻾ġ

һЦ˵ҿɲˣ¶ҰɣҲϣǰĺˣѾǸūţ̸Ͼ߲ġ

ĵĸжЦ˵ҲӦ

㻽һͻȻЩ˵ҵҪʵġ

Ŷĺ

˵ͷƺЦЦȴͻȻüͷŬ˵뿪ɣҪˣҲ㿴ܵģǸӺܳġ

ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ뿪жŮӡ

̾û˵ˮȴ档

·ͻȻһʹϮǾ֮ȫڰһƬκˣκһ˹¶Ƭ޾ͷĺڰУĵĻ̿֡ʱĶУʹʱҧҧ̹ȥĸоȴôҲӲȥҪȴã·ϢУַ·ڶУôҲѲңʹ粨ˣܲͣ٣һӵİȶһ̣·ڵſڣӲ
:175£ֻǲ175


ֻĿţŶϱ鲻ͣı仯һһı仯絶ϰ޷ܣ޲̳ȥеʹ࣬˿̣ҪֻҪԾȵ˶Ҳԥ

СʵǿˡѩͻȻ˵Щʵ·һڶƣ鲻ȥʲôӿ԰أ

ǻʺѪȫûбİ취ʹ˵Ŷʹı飬絶

Ǹӽ乬Ҫβܼϻʺѩº͵ʣڵƹ¿ôĹ죬ʺôˣ

ڻԲѣʱΪ˾ԼУҲ޷ͻָԭ书ǰ˵ǻʺʱֻҲﲻĿתĿڴһʹĶ˵

ղ˵ѪԾȵС㣬ûʺѪѪͿԾȵС𣿡ѩƺЩԴʼ侹ȻЩţͿС㲻ܿ࣬𣿺룬ǿԾСΨһ;

ǣЩĻͷѩʺѪҲֻǿһЩʱ䣬αңʺĿǰѾУŻϵĺӣôԣ

ѾУѩʣȻ˻ϵĺӣԲѣʲôãֻ˷ѶѣѪСĺã˵أ

ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ

Ϊʲôԣѩ˵㿴Сڴϣ˵ʹֻ࣬ҪһѾ乬ŮӵѪ滻ϾͿԽ⣬ҵҩʱûнҩĶҩֻǻûҵܹһ죬нҩΣ

Ȼᶨҡҡͷ˵ʺǸˣʱΪ˾ĻڻúõĴĻʺʱΪ˾ŻԼҲ˶ΪЩʱ䣬ϧԼͣһְ״̬£ֻϣѪЩʱ䡣ʺ֪ŮӣΪ壬Բ顣ԾȵʱȡҵȥҲһüͷҾԲԴӻʺϴ⡣ңѩҲҪ뷨Ҳ˵ʺĿǰǻϵĻʺ˵̥ǴδĻϣҲԴ뷨ǰʱߣκӽֺǱ乬ˣҲǻϵˣôǸǺͻԣûк³Ѿ뾡һЩ취ҪǸùһµġ

ΣѽΪʲô㲻һ룿ѩź˵͸˵Ľͼ

ԴЩΣѩ˵

һҪ취С㣬ֻԾȵС㡣ѩгջúţ˼һֱڶǰֻԽӽʺֻԾȵ˶ֻҪȡ˻ʺѪͿԾȵ˶Ƕô򵥵ѽڻʺѾԲѣûʲôʺѪԾȵ˶һ£

ǣǣôΪ˶ĵΪĻʺǾԲԵģ

Уѩ㲻Ҫ˵ҽŮӣǣҲΪԼ˽˺޹ĻʺŬѣ˵ңСһ֮䡯ǰڣκ˻ʺο˺˻ʺ͵˺ԺĻϣﲻ飬Ҳ

ѩĺǣǣ̫ʧˣ

ŴϻԵĶǺʹǣôΪ˶˺ʺԼеӤأǿ޹ѽοƾοƤȡ߻ʺѪأǡѩô

ٴѹȿľǺһŽ˫гѪ˿һ͵ǡô

Ҳ㣬ǱѾˣʺǱǰͽɹڣʱû£ϴӦңԵ뿪º͵˵ղѾҶоѪʱӦûʲôˣɸоһЩ

˵ͷ΢˵ǲ˼Ҫ࣬뿪ʺǱߡ

ûϵο˵Ѿϸ٣ոҲ˵ˣǰͽɹڣµġ

ԶһЩʱ𣿡˵Һܺ£ûκңǺܺ¡

˵ͷ˵ԣֻҪϣڣҾһ㣬Բ뿪벽

˵лл㡣
:176£ֻǲ176


乬ѩԽԽм꣬ԺҶѩĻմڵϣԵ޹

һ֮䡯˫վڴǰ÷վĺʹͷĵտů¯ﰲһĬ

ǰ÷͸Ž˾ϣã

Ҳ÷һ֮䡯˿˵ѾͷǸԸĿ֮ŮӣദҾѾһ㣬˾ϣȴԸٰһİ˵ģϣ֪Ϊ˱ϣԸԽɵģ˾ϣߡ±ƭ˺ԸĴţȥţ͵ƽӵһǸԸðįһŮҲȥű˵ŮӡʦδıʦһŮӣҲ˵Ҳ뷲ʦ·ԣԸʼճ˯ţֻһΪֹ

÷˵ͷ˵ҶԣǲԻָ书ǣھȲȶ֮ѡߣУֻһԾʱֻǾĲȣһ̣ԷжԹǻ̫ɵΪ˾һʱ̶ԸԼŮӷԼҸǣȴ顣

˵ǣū澻ǾûʺòֵΪôһʱҪȡ֮ŮӣȴԼȥȣǲֵõģܺͻϺúõء

ɣϣǵĻϣһŵӣһ֮ų˲Σ˵ʱֻΪ˴иõδԺһ˵ǰ飬ֻνĴڽӴ÷º͵˵ҲܶռһӣԼķǴľĺͬĸֵܽãںʱΪԼĺȡΪδĻᣬڷ˵һֵҵ¡ĬĬţˣҲź

ɵͷů¯ůĻ磬ķ

һȥ϶Ρһ֮䡯˵Īҽǿɶ񣬵ʱȻϻ򡣡

÷ķ֮Ȼ΢΢һЦ˵ǰΪʱҲգǾһ룬ЩͿףҲǷǴĵطԷŵĶԼ顣̸ʱ˵ĪҽԼĿ˵ǰͿףΪο̹Ȼȥǿǳɵ顣

˵ĪҽúͶΪһ֮䡯ͷ˿÷ʣԼҸҲ⣿ѵǵñ˾ϣҪҲǸɵӣҿó˾ϣԷʵģعԣþеİ취ԸȫԣҲֻԸзһ飡

÷˿ǳǳ΢Ц˵ʱҲյĲ޲ɱĪҽúͶźãǣЩһеŷֻ֣Ƿ˶̶̵ʱȴ͸ʮ׵飬վʮ顣ǰҲҲʮǰ÷ǱΪһӳǽŮӣԼķ͵飿׹£ҵʦȣȴ֪ԼķȢĪ£ʮ˼ȴԼķԼĳ˵ĻϱǰңҶǧĪ£ʧɷͶӣʧǣ֣ټҾȻ޲պ޵˼ûзֺ޸ҵķҲֻȫĵĮȻʱʱĥеĳԹڿƽ͵ĶԴԼҪġĪҽõΪΪǵΪܣǿɵֻһ֮ͷ

Ҳסһ֮䡯˵

ʱ˵Ī²һĻˣΪ˸УǣȴһĻصŮӡ꺦ҵĪ£Ϊ˱ĪǰĳͷĪһµʱеĲɣȻ¼ׯҲҵķĪʼׯ֮ڣȫ۰ŶҲ˵Ī¿ȫĵıϣΪ˵壬ֻǺ޵ʱǿҲǰĻʵۣıѣǿһֻϲϣĸףϣϣΪϣȢ˶ԺúõкͷԹޣһ죬ϣĳԣαϣͻεĶԸϣ÷šһ֮䡯ЩĻ𽥱ңҲ˵ûеĪµıϣֵܹܲҲǸ֪ңĪһֿģҲһһҪϣȢģĪ˵ֻһˣĪ¾ԲΪһ˷ԼΪԭӦþڶСУĪһָģǴӦĻʺϣӦɫšеУΪϲϣʵϣΪΪϣĸ׶ԭӦˣûϣĸףǿϲӦȻеһϣĸײûκεĹϵ
:177£ֻǲ177


ѵЩǿԭǵ𣿡һ֮䡯˵Ǹ˽ȫ룬˴ǣʵǲֵã

ȷʵǿԭǵɣȴǷɣԸеʱԸˣ˵ʱ䣬ЩʱɰˣϧԼĸܣԣҲ;ˣ̸ʲôԻߴʵ޵ֻΪԹ۵ˡ÷º͵˵ʵҲޣԣǻԸǣ÷ֻǣϣڹ֪飬һֱΪ

һ֮䡯˿棬˵ˡ

÷סڲ˵˾ϣˣҲ˾ϣŵ֮һŽɣΪʱ俴ɶҶģңҶҲȷʵҪչˣԲ

˽Щ㱣ҲЩãȻ

βԡһ֮䡯÷һĪҽôֽţȻƤףǻ巳

αΪһͬ˲Ʈ÷͡һ֮䡯ĶУԼ٣öʶĻͷȥҶţϢȣɫûֻǴԼЦ⣬С

һ֮䡯÷ɵʣոû

÷ߵǰҪϵҶ˵Ҳˣǡǡ

ϾŵҶͻȻ۾΢Цſ÷δȴԼƮ͡һ֮䡯ĶУѲǾƽĴ

һ֮䡯ǰҶȴѾ۾÷Ҷ۾ʱҲΪԼۣɵĿšһ֮䡯֪˵ʲôźá

ôˣɲ֪ʲô飬һ˹ôˣ

ûʲô÷һԼŬƽ˵ֻǣֻǡûʲôҾЩ䣬ȥů¯յÿɺá

šɴӦţ˻ȥտů¯ȴЩ죬ʲô£λǰųǸӣ

ɵվţһ飬ƺЩĪ

һ˹ƻ֮һ֮䡯÷Īҽõַ޴ˣȫȻһⶼʣµĶǾȻǰŪЩ

ˣ׷ʲô顣÷ʡ

һ֮䡯˵ͷȡһöҩ£ֻ÷·ͻȻ˳꣬ѹǣʲôΪʲôȻһʱ֮벻

ɣȥʲô£˵ǶһΡһ֮䡯˵

ҪʣȴͻȻԼѣͬʱͺһᵹڵϡ

û£õġ˾ϣĳſڣǰοɺã

ܺḁ̃Ҳܺá÷º͵˵뵽ղҶͻȻ۾£һֱ˼ҪҪ˵˾ϣǣûҶ۾

˾ϣߵǰ£ĿҶ˯ݣ˵޵ϣԶˣûκ˿˺Ҳֻ޲ˣſԸһȵӡ͢ĴһֱҪź󹬲һ޺ķĸǰľɲ췴ȻѹŲø֪ǣֻ´վ۵޲ǴĻϣ˿ϣ˴ã޾ͿԴŷ뿪Ƿ֮أһңӡ

÷̾˿˵ֻЩ˲ʧ̥δĻϣ㱣˷ɱӣ˯ţӵùѣҪδãеĴǻֻôһ̫µһλɻһλ̫ӣҪΰ죿

˾ϣϵһЦ˵ֻǴĻϣһֽģȻţҲǲѵģޱûҪǾʱĳţҪһµĴǰʱȻӰڣҪһʱǲУ޶ôΪʷҫ۵

һ֮䡯ʣ͢ЩΪǵİǰɴĹڴʱãܹ˳ӣα֤ĳûǰɴĺۼ

˾ϣһЦų˯Ҷ˵ĺΨһĺΪ˱Ȼ뾡һа취ǰֻһλ̫ˣ̫ӣʵֻһǣ̫ӺαֻһƫƫҪǷҪλ̫ӣԶûһ̫ӣҰĿ⼯λ̫ϣ޾Ϳɱ֤ĺƽǳӣ˳Ҳǻϣǣ⼸λҲϵţҵעͻɢĸϣǺܺ𣿡

Ūλ̫ӳ÷ʣѵҪȢŮӲɣ
:178£ֻǲ178


˾ϣһЦ˵Ц޵Ķġ޿ûֻôһӻŮҲûһҪȢŮӣ޵ȫԲһ˴ŵģм˵سŵŮӣΥŵģȻֻУ˵ţȴá


һ֮䡯÷һۣ˵ϷģԶ˳˯ȥģһġ

常˯ýǶѽһһͬͻȻϣҪ淲úõġͷ常ѽ·

ס

ϣҶţһ٩΢Ц

˵ı̵ģġ

ҶһЦЦͬµĴů飬˴˿ҡ˷ֲ٣ߵ˾ϣǰվסȥ˾ϣϵˮ΢Ц˵ϣзŲ㣬ʵУ᲻㣬Ҫĸ㣬ڿʼҪʵʵİ㣬㣬ٲİ

˾ϣãȻĿҶƺֹͣ

ϣһۿʼо㣬УֻΪţֻǷӲ˵Ҳ˵񷲶Ҫȫ㣬ϣҶ˵˾ϣ۾е飬ȫûΣԣþе㣬ڿʼҲ뿪벽۷ʲôһ뿪ģٲԷ

Ѿͷ㣬ѹģһ֮䡯۾ϴһ󲻽⣬˶ûѵĿܣңңһûüýҩôôѹˣҪ常常ҩ

ҶƤһЦ˵常ƽΨһˣ㵱ʦеģ˲ɣҿʤңҲϣλ̫ѽ

÷ҶǸ΢ЦŮӣԶŲж԰ǣңڻǻˣǰ·࣬վǻ˾ϣһһ

ƽľһ֮䡯ѿ˵ʦ˶ȴľӲų˶ԵþȣѵҲ˲ɣǣڻУôľ

ѽҶһЦ˵ܣ˵

˾ϣʱŷӦҶһЦݣȴ˵һ֣Ц̵ʹŨŨϲķˣֿһˣңķ˵ķǰ淢ʲô£ϲȫġ

Ҷ΢Цſ˾ϣܹãٶ裬ֻҪܹ˾ϣһ𣬾ҸԼֽ˾ϣУֵ¶ȺͲʱﴩѵͲܹڴȥǻаˣҶִԻǰ㾫ʣ΢Ц̹Ȼ˺ԼϣΪʲôԼͿأԼʷ֪ʶ֪ǸʱʷϲڵĳһʱգȫͬԼʷ֪ʶݣҲʷ֪ʶݡܹʵİʵһ˼򵥺Ҹ顣

˾ϣҶУģҸ糱˶ɵȥѩ֮У쳤Х

һ֮䡯÷˳ȥҪһദʱ䣬ҶܹǸ⣬ҲһҸ飬Ҷվǰһĵ£

ôԼѹģһ֮䡯һ˵˶ʧ书Լѵƽ治ɣֻǣ᲻ỹԼȥȶѾͷأΪѾͷǲֵá

÷΢Ц˵СһŮӣٴܹҿ֣ȻΪֻǿͨҩȴû뵽ԼͿѹҲ˵ĵҪôȥɡ˴¸ҵĸϣϣĸ飬һúϧԼģһúõϣģǲΪٵˣֻҪҪʱһѾˡ

ǣЩαĴǿϷŹ𣿡һ֮䡯˵˵ġ

÷û˵

ɱ˶һ֮䡯˵ˣͲȥˣ𣿡

÷ҡҡͷ˵ˣֻ´ͻнѣ緲ǰ˵ģɽׯϣϻʵ֮λҲԺʹԣɲҲôٴξս⣬ϣͷ뿴ģһᾡı⡣

һ֮䡯üͷ˵Ҫβźã

÷û˵ǰҪҶҪӦ⣿ҪҪپȶ
:179£ֻǲ179


ڣ˾ϣҲͬģҶСʣ㲻ɵ˰ɣΪһҷһ߰ɣ

ҶһЦƤ˵ȻҪȵģΪβأܲܿʹȥɣϾǺ֮ˣԾȵԳȫһݺԵǣԲɵԼȥۣһΣ᲻ϣһڹһĺŪֵܵǺã

˾ϣһЦ˵ҺڿЦûκһŮ˳ΪҵŮˣʲô̫ӣֻǣ롣Щ˻˺ǵĺӣô⣬˰עǵĺϣͬʱҲΪԼעĻ϶ʧƽ֮ģǺǣҿĿǰòˣǵĶõõͺúõĸϸĸ̫Σ

ҶһЦÿɷ˵ѧᱣԼЩеĴȻǲҺúõĴڹģ⣬лֻһʺģܵЩŮ˲

֪һ㴦Щġ˾ϣҶһϲãƺôҲ

⵽ءҶһЦЦ˵˶ǿҾǺú棬ʲô

˾ϣĿҶͻȻҶɽׯʱ֡С⣬ʱŴ԰ΪӶķԸмζСʹҶУɽׯҲһ̣ͻȻ֣СѾεռеȫˣ·ɫԼʱˮѰңȴ룬Ҷʱһ˵գͰɽׯ˿һЦѺŵᡣһ룬һֱǶΪƭҶʵܶʱ򣬺ҶϷŪǡٰ緶ƭԼ׷һͷˮͻȻʧӰһβǺúõôҳһţ

룬˾ϣͻȻһЦҶһ龫ֵŮӣֻƫĵԣʱΪԼ˿ΪѵԼҶ֪Լ֮һֱǻϧԼȫҪĶ

֪Լ壬ô÷֮ĸȶΪ뿪ʱʹʼղԸŶĻ޿ɾҩֻΪ˺ǷרһԸȥȶʵǵⲢۣ෴Ծȵ˶Ҳ͵һֱҾҶܱʵһֱռġ

ʲôأҶʡ

˾ϣ뻳˵ҵķء

Ҷ̾˿˵ܹһҸ£ȻĪҽúͶʱĺܣǣԿǾȻҲһĵ¡˵ǴĹҪһɩӵġ

㻹ʲôǲ֪ģ˾ϣʡ

ҶͷɰһЦ˵ȻǻԵģõ˵ÿһ仰ңʦһֱң常֪Ŀܣһֱѹзңֽţ˵ȻǻԲѵģȴ֪е顣

˾ϣЦ˵κλ

峿ĹȾ˴˾ϣΪҪ糯ֻ뿪乬Ҷ˵һĻԼİŮӵߣ̸۵أһҸ顣ϣлᣬԺҶжգϣҶƽǵĺӣƽĵϵλǣҶͿĵ뿪Լ

ҶҲѾĿ˾ϣ뿪ȻϺ磬վڴǰһҹѩɫȻȻź⣬üһ൱Ķ

ˣ÷͸ϲú͹У˯һ𣿡

ʦ常أҶͷ΢΢һЦڴôˣѾζϵıƽĺܡ

ѽʺĺĪҽúͶƭˡ÷Цһ£˵常Ǹִļһô˵ĺԼŪô£Ҫν͸ǰ

ҶоѪ𣿡Ҷʡ

˵żѪӲ¶棬ǷѪߡΪѪϵİΣԣĪҽһֱûΪĿǰľһǶŮӣû˸׿÷˵ֻǿʱͷѽ

Ҷ̾˿˵߷ΪʲôӣѾ֪ԼͣԣţΪ˻ţҪ׿һףΪ˶ңϣҲи飬ţͿٿ⣬Ψһֵ顣ΣƽʦҲΡ
:180£ֻǲ180


ҲȲ÷ʡ

Ҷҡҡͷ̾˿˵ֹǾȲֻҲȲ˶ʦֶҩаţ˵ҩɾȵĶһԼˣǣֶҩ˵񾭻Īãʹʱ򣬺޲̽ԼȴͬҲѲѵʱȴ򱶵Ҳ²֡ҶоҵʵҿԾȵôʹ࣬ʲô飬վҵã飬ǻ˴ˡ

һô죿÷ĵʣ˼µУѵҪ乬ȥ𣿡

ȻҪȥˣڻصЩǻָ췭ظҵĺӳ֮ǰҾԲ뿪乬ġҶͻȻһЦ÷˵ʦǷ˵󻰣ҪǼƽϣǻ治ǷĶ֣棬Ҳ£ͺúõȥ

㸸׵δ÷ǵ˵ϣ㸸׵վ鷳ҪδϾףҲһϣȨλˡ

ҶӰ÷ǰһҶѾվԺУƽ֪ʱѾУһ磬һеݳԺҶͻȻ裬裬ȴ˿ɱͺ񴺷棬衣ʵʱĻѾݹǵĳʱڣָո¹ѩ

÷ĿɿڴҶȻͽܣգԼԲĶ֣صʽΪҶȴ˵Ψ

Ѿͷľһ֮䡯֪ʱð˳轣Ҷп˵ʱ֣Ѿͷ˻ǹķ˻ϵɡ

÷̲סһЦ˵ǰȻĳɫŮӣнĶǲЩʣ

һ֮䡯˼ЦЦ˵ȻЩʧ䣬Ϊ˿ɽĶȻһССŮƽ⣬һҾһǷһǽ̷ƽʦǶ֮Ҳв֮ͬһĴɫң̾硣

һɥϣһ峿ӻһ֮䡯ͷѵһͨơ

һϸڶϣʲôأ

ʶѯȥǰȴǾʱ龰ǸʱŮӣ΢ЦȴƺңԶĲɴ񣬵̬ôվڴͷȻͻȻ䣬ʧˮУҲҲȻɽׯŵԼһԼȴڻҵʱô뽿ɡѩദһ

ǵʱٷˣĴĻʺ

ǰʧΣһڰɽׯһҶȻ΢ЦţڰɽׯУ·һͨСƼУȻ󣬻ص˴Ļʹ˻ʺ

ٴγǰ峿ĹУӣǳЦӯӯƺһƻ㣬𾪡

䣬һӹڵϣȻһĵίĪѹ˵

Ҷһֻ̧֣ϥһһУúõվվԼǰ

ŹȻƭα٣ֻҪľͺãαѹģ㰮˾ͺãΪθɡҶº͵˵ȻֻǼƺһҲҪ㣬һ룬Ϊһ飬ίֺη

۵һ˳һ֮䡯ȫ˵ĪҽõͼԼѩĻɣȻаٰĲԸȴòϣյΪȷʵʧ·ʽѩķӦҲʧյĳأѵڶУֻһöӣĸĿģһ룬ʺۣʱƭһȴ֮ϷŪȴ̹Ȼԣ˺ʩԮ֣˿ɵȴ֪ɵıεء

뿪ֻһַݰٰ

ϻε˵ԼԼݻУһ룬ľս

ɺãǲԭūš֪ǰҶѹҶֻǰ˶ǲԭҶǡ

Ҷ΢΢һЦ֪ΪԼһ꣬ӰһƮ֦ϣĻζ˫ȣȹƮ֦һĨʢ÷

ṦԶʤ֮ϣһƺһᴵƮƮľ֦ϣ̾˿¹£˵ū֪ūûеʱ˵ʵ飬ԲѣūҲѽū˵ʱΣͶŹﶼˣȻŹūһһҲùʹ಻ѽ

Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ȼﲻ⣬˵ǣңҲе컯ܵרһҾͿˡео
:181£ֻǲ181


ѩŶӷ˳⣬΢΢۾ƺܲӦ˼;Щһ첻һ죬Ȼȫҽȴû˿á

Ǻδѩ˵

˽ϴº͵Цݣù𴺷֮У£һɾݣźȻǻˣƺ֮ġ

۾һ˿Цһ˿мСӣ浱ԼȻһѾ¡ι۾еĮչõ΢Ц˵ˡѩ£

վúЩ𣿡Թ۾еĨЦ⣬º͵˵

һգҶ˵㰮ͲҪƽζ㣬Ͼһʼ֪㣬ֻϣԽҸĻţôɣһ죬֣ᷢ㣬Ѿɻȱǵ渶Ĵۺ࣬ǰһˣʱ޷ƽϵûʧΣ㣬ѡˣͲҪԼֵֵãΪû˱ˣ

ãȻѡȻֻõһöӣ飬ʧԼƽϵʧԴĸ

Щˡº͵˵£ᴭͷЩֻЩƣ룬ϢϢͺˡ

΢Цŵ˵ͷڶ¡

ѩϲվһߣ˵

нŲ̧ͷ֪Īˣһգ쳣ѩеĶáһ֮䡯һֲܹͨǰٶŵĵĵӣôʶʲôҩҩʲôݲݵģܲܶ˼ѩ˼ϵƤ˼ǲѩɣܲܿԼϲŮӣ˼ǲĵİɣǵģǻʺ˵Ļ˳ʺû˵޴ɾҩ

ԭǺδˡĪ΢Ц˵ĺϷ˹ְȻ乬űҶѾͰɽׯƽƽʱεȳʱҲҪúõĳƺһδˡ˵ùȥ

ַˣáº͵˵Ҷ˵ϲǶԼҪϲԹñˣҲҪƽϱδ㣬ԣĪһʶЦЦΣ

乬Ǳ߲տҶĪĿźһҶȻõôˣǸءҲǣȻһҲ͹ȥϢøַ͹ȥֽȫʯ󺣣ѵءûյ

ɫƽ˵ʺӣнɹǰӦ׼ÿտɳЩʱ̽ʺȻӣַ̥˻˵עЩĪҪֱ䣬ǳ鷳

Īһϣͣһ£ƺ˵˵Ҷʺĸ˳ȥ֪źδѵϲǰľɲҶʺӣΣеĴǻһǰﳼŮΪĻʺ𣿡

Ŭ΢Цһ£аһɶ񣡡º͵˵ǻϲſ£ȻдЩ飬ǣⱾǻϵĺ֮£ң޴ǻʺĸ˴治飬Ӧò۵޹С̫Ӱɡ

Īµͷû˵

ĴѰҩȻ˵̽ĶȴԻʹͼԵķͼأҿЩӣЧǲģЩѩǵҪ׼ʱ¡º͵˵˿ɫ˵ʱ䲻ˣҵøϻ乬

˳˵ллǵˡ

ź뿪Ī½üͷ˵ʱ㣬ҶѾˣЩӣЩɫȻֻǸūţ㵽ʵ⣬ҩЧõˡΪ˴ﵽĿģֻˣ𣿡

˵һūţ˾ˣкѡ

ѩİ御ı˲עĵطͷ֪ΪΣͷһɺ⡣Ӱɽׯʱʶ֪ϲһֱı䡣֪ĪºͶҪʲôһʲô顣

꿪ʼ䣬յζŨŨĲпռ䡣

乬ڣҶѼӷף΢Цź÷ȣʱʱϮʹԴû乬벽ҲŰ䡣˾ϣգҪʵ׵ĺܣԣֵ徲˴ŵӡ

ܵס÷еʡ

Ҷһӣ˵û¡

˵񰲾ĺܣҲãÿȥҩȻһʱⲻ˶Ѿ˶ʱ䣬Ѿ㣬ֻ˵ЩĪ»˺Ǹĵļһû͸¶һ˿һѾϢ÷˵Ȼ΢΢һЦ˵ʦˡ

ʦˡҶ΢΢һЦ
:182£ֻǲ182


һҹ

ҶǰĺӣΪȻڻԵ£˾ϣ£ǵĺӡ

ӵĿĴιȥ

Ҷ֣Ҷƣ˯ȥݣ΢΢ĺ⣬˾ϣĻм

ºҶȻ乬֮ȴ˾ϣΪ̫ӣԣҶȻлʺĳƺţȻ乬귽ܹ˳

£ҶʵĶŪԼĺӣ˾ϣΪ̫ӣȴĸ乬Ϊɣʱ乬ǺӴŵȫĵط

߹΢Ц˵ūȥŹ

ҶƤһ˵ͷ΢Ц˵һֱȥģԼв֮⣬ҪСЩ

˵ͷʩ뿪

ҶĿ뿪ŻеĽв֪ΪΣһֱĪĿֻţָоӲй

ô÷ʣҶĺµСЬҶɫͻȻЩֵĿҶ

Ҷ΢üͷ˵ʦͻȻоĪĲҲΪʲô֮һֱŬ˵֮⣬Ա֤ҺӵİȫԴӺӳп϶֪Ѿ飬ϣ乬ס˵죬ʹҿάְʵǣ֪ΪΣգȴĪĲ֪ΪΣ

÷΢Ц˵ԴĸףԸֻ࣬ˣѾָգ˿˵㣬ңҲѾȶ壬ĺãֻǺյ̽ǻҲӦȻĴ⣬Ŀǹ˴һ

ҶǳǳһЦȴЩ㱣ͻȻĪһֱĸо֪ΪΡ

Уվ

޻˵ȾãĻʺȻӣ۰ӣΪ̫ӣҶңȻɲĽݽڣǸտ֮Ϊ壬Ȼһҳ͢ﳼ֮ŮλĻʺʵǿǣҪζ°սͣ

޴˴˻ЩŰɡμ΢Ц˵ʺոյ»ϵĹ⣬°ϿģΪδģ˻ĻϵĻʺ˭ʤĻϵӣԼǵʳӣ

޻üͷһ壬μ𣬰˺ԣԴμʹ;ڳ֮ϣг֮⡣μҲǰɳ֮ӣǰ״ԪĸǻϵľɲԻģΪĽڴ󹦣μ游ְΪسҲ˾ϣ֮Ľһһ䣬Ϊ˾ϣұۡԣ޻СĽԸμ˵ӲҧºĻ

ѽδԼĽ˵ʺǻʺĸĸףǻʺгı£ҶĳԼαڴԹʺ˼޹ӣ޴ԣºͺδ˶ǰɳǷҲﲻ⣿µҲҶĳ˵ŮҲѾУǷҲҪţ

˾ϣɫƽ֮ϣųڳۣѾϰÿϳ³ʱĳǱ۴£ҶЦ˵ȥ˵ɣеĹҧˣһ첻˵ˣǿ£

߽סĵطΪڻʹ޽һԷѩ΢Цӭÿ쿴ѾΪһϰߣδˣˣ

˵ͷ΢Ц˵ѩã𣿡

ѩ˵ͷ΢Ц˵δ˵ҩȻܴյЩãʹʱҲһЩɫҲܹ࣬δˣǹĸ

Щ˼ЦЦͬʱڰɽׯΪūΪͣȴΪһһͶˣʵǲϰѩǰóӵƣȻϲǰһƽȵ˵˵ЦЦ

΢Ц˳ɫǺ˲١ˣɣصرЩƲˣԹߣ㲻ܾɣ

ԥһ£˵⣬ЩΪѣףȻ乬֮Уҡ

˵ʺﲻѾлʺڣαصӻ⣬һлʺʦڣӦò£ѵҪԶٷ𣿡

ŶЩίݣЩ룬ǳԶٷʺӦòʺһֱǺܿݵģңһΣӦò¡ðɣֻҪ鷳ѩȥ乬ȥͽɹ˵һ

ס΢Ц˵˿ѩ˵ѩźδ˵ķԸȥȥء

ѩͷתߣճţͻȻĪһ˽Щ룬ѩʶĶ㵽ǰʨӺ棬ٶȺܿ죬Īº˶ûע⵽

ǹԷôİӣƺЩ죬ֻ벻˭
:183£ֻǲ183


Īºİ߽ţĪƺǿڣ̺ܿĹսһƫƺıܿѩԥһ£һ乬ߣһ߰˼ͷһһķţĪºͶ˵Ҫ˺ĻһֱţôҲŲ£Ȼһֱʲô飬ɣȴǵġǸˣԶȷʵʵ⣬⣬ֻҪԼԼϻȪ·

ţţѩͻȻͷһǸӣǸӿ죬ȴ벻һˣʲôʱʱȴͻȻˣ˺ͺͳ඼ǳĽӽ

ڣΪҪһͺƵ˳֣

һ룬ͻȻ˷򣬲֪Ҫȥ乬Ƕһԥתͷʱ·ߣ乬ǶʱȥӦҲûʲô⣬ķʽ֪ͨɣͽڰɽׯʱһԺѣǻϵķҪصԷȥˣ

ҵĻصԷĪڳԷûпǸİӣѩ΢΢һ㶣ͷԼ˵ѩˡ

һѩ˵ˣͽ˵ûʲôر𽻴Ļûң

ѩһ㶣ôͻȻˣȴ˵ūȥôæû˿չ˹һֱūչ˹ʳӣū±ūŲ֪ϲãԾʹҴһˡֻͽɼһ棬ūǰûʲô𡣡

Ī¿һѩʣʲôҲû˵ѵǰɽׯȥˣҺϵô᲻˵仰

ѩͷд˻֮⣬Ȼ¶ĪºͶ֪ûмɣһĲūǽһǳ乬Եʣ࣬ǰĽЩͬҲûū˵ʲôֻ˵֪δ˽ҪЩʱȥֻδҪСչ˹ǳԹ˷ЩȥĲδ˵ʲô

Īµ˵ͷػǲܺͽһãƽؾģ˽ɣȻǸĲԸƢûнӵ͹ȥϢҶĺӻգԭΪѾͷǵİţȻǵķԸҶҩ񿴣ֻûнӵǵϢҲָѾͷˣ˺ܻЩ

΢Ц˵ѩȥҩ˰ɡ

ѩмĵ˵ͷ治֪ģ֪иûȴŲţĶȴ֪жʵ˺϶Ҫȼ˻ҸЩġ

ҩãѩУţõһЩźȥԼ·մҩŻطˡ߳ȥת˸䣬׼ԼסĵطߣȴһۿиİıվţӰǺĪ²֪ʱ˵˵úרģȻûע⵽ǲԶվһʢӭѩ

һҪ𣿡ĪµЩԥ

ӷԸģӲΥİ˵

ѩһͺһģһѵǺɣȴӦǸղǸİӡ

Ī̾˿޿κε˵ʵҲҲǻϸǰĺˣҲʵʵ⣬˺һáαҪ˹ִҲǵġ

İ˵ӵİţֻķӡ

԰ѺҴ𣿡ĪʣƺҷԸǰλİӡ

δúӵ⣬Ӳšİӵ˵

ѩļɤۣȿİӣ֪ǺֻҲΪǺ˵ԼֹӰһǺٰ棬Ϻõַݣֻ½Ҳϲ

ϲ

˻ص乬ضû˻ǺҲ˵Ժݽӽʺӣ

ѩеĪ䣬߳ĺ

Ī̾˿û˵ֻ˵̫ˣǣǺҵԸǸˣǲнһһһȴȻòģȻˣȻĻ̿֡˴ĻʺѵͻҸԸ˺ҸЩ

İû˵ֻǰվš

վһᣬ뿪ȥ˱𴦣ѩȴ˶ţһΣա

ͷͻȻ࣬һƬס̫ѩЩĪĺ⡣վţͻȻ𣬶ҩѾãľľתʱķȥҩЩˣѩ㶵°ҩҩУ¼壬Ще

¼õҩǰ棬Ҫ߹ǰţȻЩ£ҩ֭н˳һ¡ѩԥһ£ҩȷһԵļɽʯϣվסҪȶ
:184£ֻǲ184


СЩǺӲԶ΢΢Щ⣬óϲ

ӦߣǺ԰һǳ˷˵˴档

ѩһ㶣ʶҪ뿪Ҫߣֿҩԥһ£ҩ㵽ɽʯ棬סؿڣҪסƺʱҪġ

Ŷ˹УŵһɲŮòһԡ

΢Цţ۾ﺬᣬ˵ûмһҪúõĺϼϧֻһ˺ȡ

΢죬Щ⣬ɵЦţ˵ǺǣҺܸˣĺܸˡ

һۣ˵ҿǰٶŵˣ㲻ھ¶𣿾ȣҿȶˣڱ𴦣ûֳʲô

ǺǡЩ˵û£û£㶾ңҲ㣬ǣڲУҵþ㣬ǺǣǰȤߵʱҷҩ˵ǵǻẦңǺǣᣬ˵ҵɰˣԲᣬԲẦҵġǺǡ

΢΢һ£ƺʲôȻͻȻһˤȥһˤĻУСӴһ£ǲСŤ˽ס

ôˣû°ɣŵʡ

˿ںϣ΢Цţ˵û£

һӺϢĴ˹ںδ֪ʱȫǶ΢ЦȫҸʱǰѽ˺塣

ѩӲҧס촽ҧסҪĳľһվںޱĿǰĺѪȪ㽦һѩıָѪȴоʹı飬ֻϵȥ

˵ֻͻȻʶЩģоǱ˰㣬޷֧ţôˣôѵǲʤ

վǶźı۾ǰѽϴ˾綾ɣȷһ֮䡯ҩҲãһģûдĽˣҲǱɡΣûעԺգҪɱǲס

ңôˣŬҪעվǰĶ侲ı飬һĪıӿͷ룬һ֮䡯˵òǸ˵ĲվҪڶУǽŮվǲģֻǣˣҪλȥ

û¡˵֪ΪΣȴЩĪĿ䣬ǰˣ۾뵽ҲӦԭӦһֽѣȴΪΣзЩ̫Ӧ

ҡ㡪㣬㣬Ҫ磬Σ桪Ҫ˵껰ȴǰͻȻðգʶҲ𽥵ĻɢͷһᣬϢ

Ī³Ǹİ󣬵˵ȥ£ǻ乬ɡ룬ӦòʣΪλе·˵ǺȾƵʱŪ·ͻˣҺú

šİӵ˵ͷͷҲص뿪

㡣Ī˵ɫ˽ǸƺӣʱѾݣһһκҲϲĺΪһɱ

һūҲĪ˵˾ϣûҶн֮Σ

Īû˵ڵϣѾûϢĺȻЩѹٿһãȻ֮ɫŮ̾˿֪ΪΣŮǿ

ȥɣҵôʬ塣Ī˵ҩҲ֪ûУǸѩҲǵģȥɡѾ֪ҩҲˡ

Īû˵Ŷߣģƺֻ˵дʱ˰ɣÿնģѾϰ˰ɡ

û˵ĸߣûĸ˵Ļ

ʱѽ˵ϰˡĪ¿Цһ£Ȼ˵ʱϲһˣƺΨһĿľǵõˣʲôȻϰˣȵĵõˣȴ֣ԭһ˵Ȼζˡ

ԥ˵ǲ𣿡

ãĪ˵ܺãǣ֪ĲԶҲʱ롪¿ʼٰˣֻҲټˣҸ۰ˣúõĹһӣʵǸնŵҲþͻﲻҸ

Ī£ʣ𣿡

Ī¿Цһ£ĬĬţðû˵ڶΪ˵ʱĪȴͻȻ˵ǵѽϰ˺ĳ֣ϰ˺չˣϰ֮ģˣĻһоҲû𣿡
:185£ֻǲ185


Ī´Ӻ׷ϵıЩջ𣬺޺޵˵ǿɶôˣȻûзѩѾͷǸ˵ôô֣ôˣûмҩ

Īһ㶣ѿ˵ˣ

ΡĪº޺޵˵ֻܾҺǵˣߣҲǿŵһˣҸѣұǣҾڰҴʬ壬Ѻʬ廯ˣæš

Ī̾˿˵ʹĵֻҲͺūˣڣָֻЩūţһǲģţҾͲҪδɣվǵˣʵЩ飬֪ȥɡ

Ī¿һԼãЩ˵⼸аѽôЩ뷨ǰĲ̫һˣһ֪ѩ£ջأû뵽㾹Ȼƽ

Ī̾˿ãȻ˵㣬ˣˣЩˣ⼸տЩҵ飬Ҳſǲ㣬ʱҲɣѽҲ֪˵Ǹˣȥ𣿡

ӦȥˡĪûĪµĸп˵ֻҪܹϳͿʱҶǸС̫ӣ

ѩӺ˹ϵıǲ԰׵ѪɫЩɵŲ裬ͷлЩ־֮⣬˵ҩҩˣ˰ɡ

ʬ崦ˣĪʣСųģҿû£ӣỵ˴£ҩ¡

ѩû˵ѣǺ£ǸٵĺʲôҲҪڹǸٺɱ˻ʺС̫ӣ϶ΪѾȥĺΪ

Īѩе⣬ѩ¾ͱ˵ȥοԼѣҲҳԱԼ

ҹĴ׼һҹʹµͬꡣѩվڶĴǰһҹĴƺҲ˯ò̫ȣڴշתࡣ

峿Ȼδͣ乬мž

˾ϣϵʱ򣬽ɱȻ˯ŵС̫ӣ÷ɫ԰ףǰа߰ѪҶŬƽĿڴϣ˾ϣЦݷǳǿǿ˾ϣһƬհס

ҵ㣬Լһ档Ҷ˵ϴάе΢ЦңǵòҪᣬҪģΣ

ʲô£˾ϣȫ˵⼸֡

Ǹ⣬ҶᴭϢ˵ʹĴҸ׵飬ȥֻ»˲ʰӡоң磬û᲻µĶ

أ˾ϣסҶ֡

ǺǶ÷ƣ˵ǲֻüסС̫ӡ֪ȥ

˾ϣľĿҶѵҶҪһ뿪ҪҶȥ

Ҷº͵ЦЦ˵ϣʶʱͬһϷ磬Ȼ뿪㣬ɣ񷲶Ѿ뿪ܶΣһΣҲҪ뿪㲻ҪҲԡ

Ҷ˵ɣ˵ֻǵټ뿪һƵġ

˾ϣҲ΢Цţȴֹס۾ϻ䣬ҺǻԼǻ˳మǲǣ

Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȥ뽫˿֪ĵطϣע⡣

˾ϣ˵ͷ÷ͽһͬͷ

պҶ񰲾ľУվĹǰ˾ϣ޽ǾȻԼİ׷绪ï䣬üȴĮ£סе

ڴǰȻζÿţ֪ʲôźáҶǳ죬ȴͻȻ֣֪ԼһҪʲôźˡǵһ֪Ҷµˣ֪ٵĺص乬Ȼûбʶƣʱ򣬼ٺ㣬ҶûжͲֻҶһˣӦǸС̫һ鱻ɱģɺ޵ǣǸС̫ӾȻܹӹһ٣

ֻܹ֣ǵ͹Ҷգ֪ѹȴû뵽ҶȻָա

ѩС˹ҩ룬˵ҩˣ°ɡ

üͷͷ˵ǲŪˣΪΣڷҩûкҩЧҩȥòģȺ̫ˣ

ѩͷ˵ҩȷʵַ˴Ӻδ˴ҩһһѰģԲд

üëһŭ˵㾹Ȼһ죡

ѩ˵ʲô⼸գͺаһ㣬Īķƽʱ䣬ǱֵĽꡣ

⴫Ų۾һʣ˭

ҡĪ˵˽ģ࣬۵ĻһϲŮ̾˿ļ˵ǲϴ
:186£ֻǲ186


һ£ʶʣŮϴʲôȴԼҲʧ䡣

Ī̾˿߽Ů˷Ůӣ˵⼸ɫãǲϢãѩ˵⼸Щ̫ã׷ꡣ

ѩѾͷǶ죬ʲôϢãҩԣҩͺҩȫһζңЧҲһѾͷͺǲԶˣŭ˵ݺݵĵѩһۡ

ѩǰѩĸѣĵҲǰۣĪ˵ԼؿڣĴϢһᣬ˵ҩĸϸо˺ҩŪҩûʲôͬ˵ʲôͬҲҩȱľǺһġѾˣ

һ£˵ˣˣʲô£һūţѵҪҼɡһֻϣ磬еڶˣϲ£ֲұϲҵģʲô¡ĸףΪʲôͻȻ˵ѵң

Ī¿ԼŮͷ̾˿ɵѾͷֻǲ֪Ѿĳ˵ӰӣԼȴ֪ϲôն棬ΪʲôҪںߺȻںֵʱѵһҪʧȥԺŻǵǸ˵ĺòɣ

ԼķȻŲ÷

߽ڣȻվǰ˾ϣҶ뿪Ѿ࣬˾ϣ̷Ӧĳ˵⡣ûʹޣûгڱв԰ΡǷǳƽҶҶϣ˳ĬֻгĬ

С̫𣿡˾ϣƽʡ

ɵ˵ͷº͵˵ϷģС̫ܺãū澺ǰţû˿˺

˾ϣ˵ʱƽֻǱģһ첻ʺЩǾͲģԸκΪޡҪ

һ㶣˾ϣ˵Ҫūʲô

˾ϣһۣ˵ǸģȻֱ˵Ӵ˲٣ȻҪʲô

̵ͷ˵

ҪΪ˾ϣƽ˵

۾ôĴĿ˾ϣ

㲻˾ȣΪҪޣҪ׼̫ӡ˾ϣ˵

һ

޻Ϊůǰͬס˾ϣٿɣŽɣ˵뷲ĺΨһĺӣϣ԰ȫ̳޵ĵλǣʹʱ̶ΣУҪһΪֻҪӴúõչ̫ӣװУѾѰ˼ԳΪ̫ӵѡֻҪװУµʱǾͿԣҪüʱΪ׼λ̫ӣҪǷɢдǵע޺ͷĶӻΪĻϣҲǣ޻ǳΪ

Щ⣬Ŀ˾ϣ˵ѹģϣԻÿЩģ뿪ʱǺ˵ϣ˻ǰһĵΣ˵ڵʱͳǰĵΣһʱ򣬻ɵɵ£뵽ȴһ΢Ц˵뵽Щ;Ҹԭеڹȥܶʱ𣬾ȻҲ۵ġ

УΨһ޵ȫû˿޶Ļ޿ԻȥΨһ֧ţǿԣ޵ԸȥŮҲˣĻкȤζȻϣǸϣĻϣ޾ͻ⣬޻ôĻͬĻϡ˾ϣ˵ҪΪֻΪ˲ʲôʺ֮λ޴Ҷү飬Ȼʰǡ񷲶Ѿȥˣ޿Բع˼ĸܣ޶úõʰǸɶˣЩĪ顣

޻˵ֻôվš

糯˾ϣּ̫گ£ףʺ֮ͬһֱϣĲزΪסů󣬲չС̫ӡС̫δǰݲʺ֮λպС̫ӵλ򽿺ĿǰУԣΪȴǽĻʺ֮λĶѡʱ죬סƽ

ּһ£ڳ֪˵ʲôźãȻֻǻߵһλū澣ȴ㣬ԸºͣһֱڻϺͻʺߡԻʺȥС̫ӳ˸κ˲һ£ܵô˶裬˿ֻ˵ǽˮ¥̨ȵ£˵ʲôȻЩʧۼϿȢɱŮӣƺ̹࣬һ룬ҲҶΪϾţ˵ʲôҲ档

סůԺסλжƽ⽿ɵȸԾ֦ͷˡ

ϢЩãȻɲݵôΪϵĺѵݵ˵زƭ˲ɣϣĺԼҪΣ
:187£ֻǲ187


˾ϣǰ飬С̫һߣοԼмζº͵ĺС̫ѽѽ˵̫˽˵ϣַͺȥǶ˵ⱸЩƣȥȱơ

˾ϣ˵ͷ˵˵͹ȥ

̫๧˵ַ˵ӡ

˾ϣվӺбӣЦ˵ڶþ˰ɣȥ͸͸磬⹬ȤĺܣȥΣһͬȥɣǶһֱǺĽѽ

ѱĵ˵ͷ

Էѩæµţսýɣĺͻһͬ˽Ŭ΢Цһ£ȴЩȻ

أ˾ϣʡ

ϲ˵ϣֻѾˣôˣҲңǰкңѵи˹ҡ

˾ϣ΢΢һЦǰǳģ޻ϣйµģȴ룬һû뵽㾹Ȼǵ̸

Щţͷ˵ǹϣģ֪Ǻûʺɥֻǣֻ˵˿ڣûйϣ˼

ϣֻһʱ˵𣬲ûйἰû˼˵бŵС̫С֪ĻΪС̫ӵԭ乬Żʺʱ򣬺ǳģȷʵֻǿϧ֪ʲôаȻ˶⣬ϣҲɷС

˾ϣ˿ɣ䵭˵㵽֪

Żϣֿһ۶º͵˵ĪҪҪ˵乫ǺʺҩǣһҩӲųɣǾϰƽľ˵ѪǺΪ˾㣬ȻԷԼеգÿϰƽľȻȡԼѪһζҩȻľھÿն˵һ⡣ΪޣҲֻһʱվͱҪǣѾ壬ҡͷȴƫƫаһҲȲٹЩӣ˵֮ͿԳ̾ȴ˺Ծȵ

Īվڶĺ棬ɫһ䣬ʣǣΣ

̾˿˵Σ֪ʺ˵м⣬۵ЩҩҩһѸٵĳΪڶҶо

ڶҶоĪһ£û˵һ仰

Ī¼ϡĪµͻȻ𣬿źѯʣ

˾ϣ˵ĽݽȥǸϣûм

ĽݽĪһ㶣˵ʲôʱȥģ⼸һֱڼңûмѽ

ȥЩˡ˾ϣ΢Ц˵ޣ㿴޵ļԣȥɽׯתתԴӰɽׯ˵طȥƹһطĽݽʹȥƣ˳ʺһ޵һλʶׯһֱھǣȻǲˡ

Īɫһ䣬ͻͻǿЦ˵ʲôʽڰɽׯԴӴ˾ǣǻûлȥƹһֱɽׯľӦţҪȥ棬Ӧͳ˵һҲɨӭĽݽġ

ھǴţô鷳ַٲЩ£Ľݽı䣬ֻҪ߶ŰɽׯЩʱˡ˾ϣ΢Ц˵

Īһ㶣ѿ˵ԭϷΪ˲ΪɴĻʺ󣬻Ҫ˩סһˣ

˾ϣһЦδÿɷ¡

ϣĽݽȥɽׯʲôĪЩʣԴ˻ϣͽᵽסֻ˵˻ʺҲиӦǰɽׯͲȥžӦţֻѾࡣ

˾ϣһЦ˵ԴҶү뿪޾һֱ˱ˮĽݽһ˻ɽׯǺãϾǱ˵ĵطԼĵطסϰߡ

Īһ㶣Ҷүɽׯĸѽ

˾ϣ㲻Ҫ̫Īº޺޵˵Ҳ̫ǣαرˡ

ֻ˵ʵַ˺α˾ϣ˵ҶүվǰﳼǴдǶֻ»۵޷ΪҲĵʱȲ

˾ϣҿúɱҶҲɱ㣡Īº޺޵˵ȴ壬һ飬ΪһҶڲܲʣ㣬ˣҺαʲô顣ʵ㣬ҶúɱģңΪ˶Ը㣬ѵһֿɱ˵Ļˡ
:188£ֻǲ188


һķιһ˾վԺУһ£ĺɴڷڶȻ¿ţǾĲԷĴžĹϣԺһ˵֮ôе˼ǲ˾ϣһˣû˵

֪罣˿Ա⣬ǣ֪𣿾ǰżǿģֻҪУͿͬӰӣΣΣǿǿۣһֱ㣡Ī˵Һ㲻֪رûҵʱоȻյķ⣿ûһֱ㣬ĴڣҶһͨŮֻδһŮӣһ̫ԸŮӣͶģӴ֮УһֱеˡҶʲôãһǰ㲻ԼƭԼкúõĴһǿĭе¡ɳĹУֻĵ㣬ֻ߹еĲһţϷҺЩӣֻԼν飬˼޹ˡĸǣҶҲǣ治ĸ׵Ķӣĸ׵зӣȻҵĴڣһҪõϧֵ֮꣬˽ΪɥʧԼĹҡҶ統ĸףۿ統ңһҺĸף

Ǿˣı˾ϣһıƽ˾ϣ˾ϣһδȣԷȻͬķʽȫͬʽһ˾ͬ˾ϣӰӣ·ǰѲˡ

ĸĵĿĪ£Ҫϣɣĸ㣬ҪΣ

ҲΡĪµ˵ֻӦĻʺⱾӦõģ׿ŵģΥʱŵԡҲΪڶĸһҪҸ

ӦأĪ°˵ʡ

Ҿɱȡ֮ҿ˴乬ɱҶͿģ˾ϣΪĻϣ¿˱ȵǰٶŵĪ΢Ц˵죬·𿴵ʱǿҲΪŮ˺ֵ֮䣬·˾ϣǵǿȢͻеĲǣϣĪµ¡һ㣬Ӳɣ

δĵĶԴҰɡ˾ϣȻԷƵЩֲǿȻеʣֻʱǿ֮ޣĸףĸƻһûĸףǿһһֻһŮӡԣңȻһ֣㲻ҽӽϲŮӣ㵱ʱ÷ɽׯΪ֪ҶԷģ÷֮ìܣ֪ƭ£ҵĸ飬ʱԶʱĥңǷԴеõ֣

ĪһЦ˵ܴΪ㲻õԴҿ㿴ҶĵһۿʼҾ֪ģӲ񿴹κŮӣȫ飬ԣҹѡҶԥ֮ģȢҶȻֻ֪ܵϲ㣬㣬ҪһòҪİ

нơ˾ϣʱ˵רӦˣģһĪӿݣһбԷȴ¶ԷأԷҲͬһбֻǽУɱ⣬ԶԷҲûɱ⡣һһԷĺɴڵϣԷ¶档

ɲһѿںʶıС̫ӡ

˾ϣ̾˿˵㣡

㻹ǵĪһЦѾͷҲǳ飬ԴҰʶҲ㣬ļж㣬ԲҶɱ֣ԣٴȥֻᱻ

˾ϣһЦ˵ȻǸ򵥵Ůӡ

ߣ򵥵Ļ벻ĵطĪ¿űС̫ӵĽɣ΢΢һЦ˵㺢ӵŮӣһֱߵĽɣҵĵ磬û뵽ɣֻһʱûҵݳҶŮӣ򣬺αطôĹ򡣺ߣģҲɱģһǵĺӣȻĺӺҶĺλ׵Ŀ֣Σǲ

㡣Ī²֪ĺ

ʲôĪ˵ҵɵŮˣʱׯǳֻ֪㵲˼һˣȴֻܿĶڽҾÿգ

ǰƽ˾ϣ˾ϣִ֮һˣʽЩ̣ȴ˾ϣüͷһ壬ʲôʽܸ̾óͺǺԼӰڱ䣬ռȻ
:189£ֻǲ189


ȢǲȢΪޣĻʺ󣿡Īվһʡ

˾ϣһЦ˵ǽճй｣֮˾ϣҲֻзһˣȥˣͻȤиɣ㵽Ҳǳȫң

Īüͷһ壬ȻҲ˽ȥ

ĪȻĿԼĽ㣬סԼǰŮ̾һ˵ĸǷˣѵҲҪһ費ɡ

н˾ϣ˾ϣôȫľӦټһкݶĪ£ۼޣЩŲңȻȻأСıܿĪµʽԺССĿռһ罣ХϣȻ

ͻȻһб˾ϣ˾ϣ㣬ĪµĽѾ˹˾ϣǸܵУͷۣʱҲ

Ī¹һЦ˵һ򲻹㣬ǣҪӦһ㣬ҪԸңȻǳЩ

˾ϣ΢΢һЦ˵޵Ҫллȥ۷һ˴Ƕįʱȥ£ɣԸһ£޴ʱʧ㶨ҪֽС̫ӵ뿪˵裡

ȥɣҵģĪº޺޵˵ǵҲ֪Ѿ˵ˣݣȴǽɣǿЦ

ĸ֪ĺĸϣȥˣŻкȤζ

ĪͷҲأ˵ĸλģͿλù

⻰䣬ĪµʽѾס˾ϣп˵·˾ϣ΢ЦٳУĿŽɻеС̫ˣһĴȰȥ⣬ȥкο֪֮ѰԼԲεȥã

ƺֻ˲䣬ɵӰζһ£ƺֻǱ紵ȹҲƺֻۻһĽ֮罣ķХ֮ԺĻ졣Ī¾ò΢΢Щ⣬һκˮĶԼĽϣһĽĲʺȥʺ㵽Ϊֹ

ҶĪѿں

ոյĽɣʱ΢ЦվĪ󣬾ĿЦ˵ϤһΣƺֻһΣҶ˸жϸ塣

ôϣһʹ֮СҶº͵˵һ˶ɱƽĵӣĹ£

һ󣬻ʹůٲĺַ˾ϣУ΢ЦţϣǹҪΣҪҪλ̫ӡ

˾ϣ΢Ц˵ԸһԽΪ

ֺα棬ҲɣʺҲգǸ˿ģֻǷǶ˵ܡһЦҺ潿Ѱ˺˼ҡ

λУ紵ԼĪ˵ҿſȰ˵ȥˣϣ

һ㲵ݣİͻȻ˶һɾ㣬΢Цζ



Ī¿˿棬̾˿˽ˮ£½ϣ

վǺˣһڹԷڶԷк˲䣬ѩҡƫһЩȻ˺ȴûأȻѩֻ˵Ѿŧˮŵ乬Ҷлһ٣Ľȥ乬Ȼ

νнԶףƺڻȴκϤˣҡҡͷԼˣǰС

ʮ˾ϣλЯ谮ĺڽµۼλȫգ


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