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 1 

Ϧ£ɵͣϿտյˮͰĴǷ׼ĵ㣬ؼҳԷһתͷ䣬ȻԼͷԶƬ̲վһˡ

ǳݵ꣬ںڵĶ̷׳£ɫţп㡣ɵֻü𪾫µĲϦůů£Ȼʱ侲ֹĸоźһߣɵһʱ侹޷ӡ

һᣬĿɳ̲ʧɵŻعԼʽĳ췢Ϥ΢ЦԼ˵Ļ氡˵ߣȥ

ڶһ磬绰𣬳˯ɵԺ绰ոաιһԽҰʹش˳ɵ߹Ҫʼѧǰѵˣ㲻˰ɡ

ԽҰɵĵĴǷˣ˼ҵһ°ȥ˵ҲԽҰش̹ϵ绰ЦҪǹԹԵԽҰػԼñ߶

绰ͷԽҰֻﴫ绰Ҷϵġཡҧгݵ˵һ䣺ɵãҵš˵˵Ǽæֻѵȥ

ɵû˵̳ţڱһᣬȻƵϴϣϸһԼĳ췢ųš

ѵȻⲻڽһɵҲ磬ЦеĿͷ޿κһ֣ˣȥϰɡ

·ɵߵԽҰߣкˣԽҰԽҰתͷɵһ֣ԽҰɾԽҰɵϵõĶԽҰЦҪˡҪ

һԽҰ̾˿һ۵ð˵ġȻЦЦ˵ҪϴǼҵ˾

һɵװʹ˵طԽҰһЦʹһ٣ôΪ֪ǨŭԼԹء

ϳԷʱԽҰɵ˵ѧ󲻾ýһ汱ϰء

ɵ˵汱ֲʲôǿӣϰϰɡ

ԽҰһ߳һ˵Ҳǣ汱Ľǽ𾴵ˣβŻȺϰɡ

ɵ˿ԽҰȻ˵ϴ˵ϲǸʲôӣ㾿׷ûа

ԽҰںˮȻ⻰ˮһǺ͵ؿ˵ɵЦɣӦô󡣡

ԽҰһؿڣһ߷߷ߵ˵㻹˼ʣ֪ķ˿ȥ׷

Ŷɵü˵Ҳ֪һ޹ӣҲʲôٸһˡ

ԽҰڰֵ˰ɣԼɡЦɵýܵĻǶķ˿ӺƯ꼶ϵŮأⶼ벻ۣ㵽Ҫʲôİ

ʲôģɵȻں߿꣬˺ͣٵĸоһӿ΢΢ЦôĿһء

ŶԽҰʵʶôãû佱˭أ˭

ɵ˵ҲʶֻżġһתԲټ⣬˵ԺûУǾ߰ɡ

ԽҰͷ˽ʣ˵ţԻؼҡ



ʱôٵĹˣһѧڿʼˣ½һѧܣɵԽҰҲ˳꼶½ѧһһģɵݵòˣҳѼϢǳУߵľǡҪע⣬һҪǸ˲ȤԽҰʱ뿪ЦĶɵ˵㻹Ůͨء

ɵҲͻ¶Ц˵

ѧһºɵڵҲӭ˺汱ĵһϰʱɵ֪ԼһԼһӶ̹ĵˡ

ɢɵûнǿϰϣȻ˯ͷ󼱼ææѧУܣǳٵˡսݵţڵŭ𣺡ɵãϽ΢ЦǳûгĵǸԲ˯ͷˡȻһߣ̧ͷһɵôסһʱЦݶˡ

Ա汱Ϣеĺڷ꣬ȻںԼ꣬Ȼʱֻǲϸϸ꣬ںڵĶ̷峺ۣƤ촽֪û뵽һ˲仹־޵ĸо

䣬Ȼһͷ췢˴յǰ˵ɵãһġ

ѸٻָɵЦ˵ð˵ʱ͵͵Ƴһۺ߼꣬ҲԼˮһ۾˿̱ŷ·ȼһĹ⣬ɵһЦȴתͷȥԼȤءɵЦŶԼ˵



                   2 

תͷڶɵԱ˵汱ʲôӣȡӮ30ϣ֪𣿡

Աشǣ

ĵͷɵ˵ɵԷ11ȻֻǸһ꼶Сȥ

ԭ㣬ְɵа˵ԽͷԱһ³߹۾ؿҪкȴ˵ɵҪ㡣ɾȴûһ˿¶ȡ

ж־أɵ֪Ҫ˵۹ͣԼϣֻбǿЦŶ˵ɣ

ʼûãɵ֮ġʣ汱֮ǰô෴汱ǿ㣬ҲǿȻɵۣĶ־ȼɵܾûйļ飬оȻҲһҪȼյĸо

һú죬һֵʤ

ʱɵԼǿۣûɵһ£߹ȥЦ֣ȴһĵ֣˵һġűĵ֣ɵЦЦҡҡͷȻԱһ˴˵꣬ҵ̨ʣɵǱŲŶԡͷһԭǺͷӣľЦЦ˵Ҿ͵úúϰŶȴ룬ôָɣڵĵۣɼЦݣеءȻӣľ˵Цʲôɨͷűô

ɨͷɵһ㶣ϵŮ֮Ϊǳиԣǳ˧ĳ췢ȻΪɨͷԽҰƴЦӣɵЦһ£Сӣȡŵı컹治Ǵġ

ϰһƽĹɵߵŮҲƵĻɵӲֱӾܾˣȴҲӲ˵ϲ¸ҵŮǰͺ̵ӵԽҰʱȥ˵㾿ϲ˭ͰҪǸòá

ʱɵͻЦЦ˵ԽҰѽúܶŮĵİ

ѵûϲ𣿡

ϲˣɵظһζӣǳԾԼôͻȻ뵽ȴ˵Ҳаɡ

ո߽ݣɵͿһ˷ܵĸԽҰ˵ʲô߹ȥһȻ汱㡱֣Ȼһʵһʲôĵô˷ܰ

һһԼݵѧ̻㱨˵ɵѧڽ汱㣬ͷϲһȦɴ˵ӣǾ汱ǰͬѧ˵汱в£˺صء

ɵĪһȻԽҰ˵ԽҰҺȻ컹е£Ҹٰ˵תˣԽҰںܻĽУɵ˿ûͣ٣ֻа̾ԼѲ

ѧУɵȥ汱ĵ糵ųķ羰ȻԼڸʲôΪʲôһ˵ˣͺȻܲȥ汱ôΪԼĶ֣

Լ£֪͵汱ɵ˵糵쵽汱УʱȴͻȻеԥţȻ˵С㣬⵽ô£ҪҪΪϤɵһȥУԱߵվŵģ˭ɵֻɫͬİ𪣬ûѪɫĲ԰ףͷϹȻһ˵һȦɫڵͷӡ£ԵúĿɵûɵľһʹٿ˵ˣǱͷ꣬ɫĶ̷ĲȻɵʶˡӵĶӳ潡˾



                   3 

潡˾ȻʶɵЩԾ潡˾Ѿ꼶ѧȥıкɵ֣һָĿҳڸҲǸ

ţɵ˵ֻС˶ѣ㲻õġȻȴһǸΡ

ͷ̾˵⻹Сˣ㱨Ҳչ㣬ȴҪ汱ͷ˴ˣǲʡġ

˵΢΢ü˵˾ֲСˡŵ㲻͡Щ˵ֲͷˡ̧ͷ΢΢ЩǿִЩı飬һˣҪúϢ첻ˡ˵꿴ҪԵӣֲǵߣȻҿɲˡ

仰鲻Ըĵͷ˵첻ˡ

Ц˵ŹԣˣǵĩؼҳԷ˵ת뿪Ҳˡ

ԶˣɵӰ߳ԼΪʲôҪˣҲЩܵĶԻΪʲôԼƵĸоʹҡҡͷѵ϶Ǹϲˣһźȥ

ߵߣһɵԼеĪźţȻס˽Ųǰվŵı汱ĺڷ꣬汱㡣

˶ߵǰɵЦŴкˣ㡣

һתͷǰõЦ룬ûЦô׳ոҲ𻰣ֻޱĿ

ɵһ̽˵òǲǵ˰ɡ

ɵáޱ³⼸֣˳жһ䣬׳ա

̹ʮȣɰ㡭ɵû˵ĻסȼӣֲõԤС

Ȼһ̣ĻƮһһ

̾˿ô˶ĳŵ˰⻰ɵû˵ЦҪ֪ɵþȻһ͵̸Լ󻹲ȫ˰ɵֻ˸Ծı飺ˣܾ˶𣿡

ȻɼüҲתߡɵһס˵Ȼˣһ𿴿ϦɣδߵϦǺġ

˦˦첲ɵ˦ҪܾȻɵĿоһ˿ζһʱܾĻ˵ڡĬƬ̣ɵɳ̲Ҳ͸Աߡ

ɵ£ոֱ˦һ˲ʧʧЦĸгѧУ飬ϲ˵һɵһ˵䵭Ҳʲôãദǳڡ

һᣬ̫ӺƽʧɵȻüһתͷһѿԼͷ˯ˡϦϣԭ԰׵϶һǳǳĺ⡣ɵһôĿ˯˵ûϵҲûƽʱĮľ̵Ľëһķ۾ϣ촽ţԴͬӤ㰲ϧ

ɵ˯գһʱ侹޷Ųֹһᣬ콥ɵҡ˵ѣ䲻һȭɵӦ죬ƫ绹ûܱܹʵʵһ¡ץסֻ֣ҡҡ㣡߽УԺۡ

ˣɵŷſ֣Լļ˵һ˵ûûСӣ˯ֶôݡ

ģеⲻȥȴǵ˵˯ߣġ

ɵһЦͷ˵ˣѾˣ˯ȥð˵ˣɣ֪иζ

һΣûж㿪ɵϲͱ˽Ӵ֪Ϊʲô˵һαܵ˦ɵ⣬ܺɵĽӴһԼŵˣȻﲻᣬҲûоܾɵ룬һȥ档



                   4 

ߵɵϤݣһӣ˶סˡݿһüӲţһˡ汱ԳľΪ׵ĶԱνӣľž

˻ûи״ӣľѾȿ꣬ôûѵɨͷôֻһ𣿡

ɫ³һ䡰׳աӣľ۴ųҪܣһͷϣͷˣ㻹֣ҲӣľͷУӣƫġתͷ˵˺õ𣿽ѧ˵Ϊҳ棬Ҹֻôӣ

˵ûľĺԱż˶ͷһģȻʮֵ˧΢΢˵ͷǴкˡ

Ц˵ղŻ˵ûϵأôɾˣͺһɡ

Ƴһɵ룬ҵѣȴҲֻͣͷ߲ľĺѾæŽ˼ӣԼߣʳʶֻ̣һߵĹǸŭԡ

ɵҲûţӣľյǰ˵ɨͷ˵ǲǴ̽ˣ

ɵЦ˵б˰Ҵ̽ġ⻰żЦȴҲʵ顣иһڣʲôҪɵȥ̽ء

ӣľȴû⻰Ц˵ҲŲأҪȻô쵽һȥˡ

⻰ʵЩ˲壬ӣľѾʼЦľĺ͵ҲЦЦĿɵ˻ſϷɵشʱһĴ׳Ʈ˹׵ӣľףܿԼ⣬˵꣬˵˭أӵѵȴܵԲȣֻƻĺꡭ

û˵꣬ľѾ޿վһȭȥұ졣

ľĺɵһΪЦ飬еҲסɵ˵ƽʱֹˣЦˡ

ɵЦ˵汱ŽһģôãĽء䣬ߵŵġߡһҪ˵ʲôȴʣɵôϵİ

ɵŲⲻشղžͻشˡɲʵʵĻص˵ںżȻġɵȵĿһֱû뵽䵭Ŀ˵òƹԱʱ򣬲ɶԲӴΪ

ⲻ֪Ȼ첻µز£˻Ϊ˼ɵģȻ˵ǵķһ潡˾ڶǴӹһֱԼչмӵѧӡ˶Լ˵˵ֲܴˣƫƫ߶úܣԹ³ܲҡ

ʱ˵ˣ˳棬һʱ䰲극ȥˣԳľ˵ӳ컹٣μѵ

ľͷ˵ȫɡ

ɵţСӻĻУſܵӣ΢΢һͣԼô飬˵ɢˡ̧ͷӣľԼصķʽ𣬲΢΢һЦóȻ䵭ʵĵϲԼĶѣԸദġ

Ҳֺ״̬·ָԻؼˡ



                   5 

û죬ĿΣɵһߴźǷһôӵѵȥߵ㣬ȻԽҰĴ˹ɵ֪𣬸ڰ˵תһŮ

ŶٴһǷԽҰʾɣ㲻΢˳һĶ˵Ůɡ

δˣ˵ڰһԾԾԵء

Ǹʲôϵ˵ѧڶҪˣôתѧ

˵Ϊ׹תġ

ѵ˰ɡԽҰ꣬ɵʹٲҪѵˡ˵ţԽҰһ㶣׷ɵķȥѵ˰

ɵ΢΢һЦ˵߶ѵȽϺá⻰ɲ˵ЦԽҰ˭Ժѵ

ߵſڣ˾;òԾƽʱŮöҲˣ쾹ȻкܶҲѵܲѰ

Ȼոսţһеɵѧ˰㡣

ɵ̧һһ㶣ϢһλУĳŮվɵ߿ˣɵϲؽеã

ɵѾع¶Цľôˣ

ľŮɵôЩ˵˵ǰֵģһ಻ô

ɵЦҲתͷԽҰ˵ԽҰҹСеͬѧѣľѩ˵ֶľѩ˵ѣԽҰ

໥ͷʺãԽҰ˵ľͬѧǽתڰλͬѧɣ

ľѩͷ˵ұȥõİģֻǸ֪ĸ࣬͵ˡ

ԽҰеȣɵۣ˵ȥ׼ˣġ˵ҷȥţɵСӻ޸ǳ׷ŮͶ࣬ոתѧŮǾʶ

ɵкľ£ʵôתѧˣΪľ幤𣿡

ľͷ˵ǰģǰְֽӹʱһ⣬ֵˡ

ɵ˵Ӧȥݷһ°ҴȥҰɣ軹ǳסء

ľ˵˵Ұ迴һܸˡ

˻£ʱ䣬ɵȥѵˣȻѵǰٲԽҰֲݵȶѵһʡɵ첻ĺŪȥˡ



һ磬ɵԼȥľѩļҡǰھӣɵֺû˸ףĸһ˴ɵҵָո𲽣Ƚ࣬ҺľһҶ෽չˣ˲æ˶ľһңɵʮָлġֻǺɵǰ˼ңɵֵδѧ⼸ϵˡ

ѩĸĸɵûߴ˧ʮϲɵ緹߶߶˵˺ܾõĻɵԸǳ

ţɵųһ˵ں˽Ӧ֣ѩĸͷдеԲѩִ⻹Ҫɵɵ˵ӻԻؾˡûоѩԼ˼ҲѩܺãҪɵûеΪʱ硣

һţһ֪ߵ˼ԱߵС԰ɵȻһ԰һһͬʱ֣һףͬʱأתͷˡ



                   6 

濴Ц˵Сн

˦˦ͷıˮʪ˦һߣξӨˮ鱻˦˳һζһ˲貣ɵһŲԾؿأЦԶдԭǰ

˿ɵһ˿һ漴ЦԭɵҪҪһ𣿡

ɵԼţп㣬ҪܾȻ˵ɵһһܾĻȻ˵ˣԼĳ췢˵ȥ˶ٹ

˵žҪȥȴס˵С㣬ʱ䲻ˣҪȥء

üƺ̫Ը⣬ֲܲģһɵ˵һһ

ɵûһ˼֪ΪʲôԼȴȻʮָˣЦŵͷʰöһ߳򳡡

յңɵֻιһ绰ͷѩĴã𣿡

ɵ˵ˣʲô𣿡

ѩ˶û˵ɵֱҪԼ˵ʲôԼĻһҵʲô˵ȴѩǱ˵п̸̸

ɵ΢΢һ˵Լˡ

ŶѩԴɬ˵ûôܻӭ

ɵ֪ˣҲֻ֪ͣʵ˵ʲôҪ𣿡

ɵº͵ѩŵ绰кȻһֱĸо绰ͷ֪Լ⣬Ȼʳ֪ʵ⣬һ˲䣬һζòľҪ̹Ҷϵ绰׷ʮɵģõĸָЦݺȻǰ֣ôļֺϣ˵žܷŵģһ£ѩѾָƽǴŵЦ˵Ҳûʲô˵ģҸܶϤҪø˵˵ûգ͸ˡ

Ҷϵ绰վڴǰѩа˵֪ûй̶ŮѣҲ֪㻹밲ֻҪҼ֣ɵһҵġ

ɵû뵽ѩȻɫֻò漴룬ֵǺܺãͷһζˡ



ڶɵĵ磬ȥС򳡵·ϣɵһЦһԼΪʲôôԹԵǸ䵭ֽСӵĻأһЦһ̤С򳡣ȴڳм򣬿һЦݵɵ΢΢һ㶣漴³һ䣺׳ա

ɵЦ˵ôõĩ㲻ûһлĻҰ׳գⲻ̫ðɡ

ƳһۣϵӸ˵ʼɡ

ɵءɵұɵͣѹͣӱת֣ת·طɵͣ򽻻֣ǰӲϣ͵͡ߡһ£ɵͻȻһͬʱٳ֣ৡ

ɵЦеĿһɻ磬һ򣬷޵Ķ־ޱ˵ҹˡ

СʱȻɵֽһ֮򣬻Ҫɵڰ֣˵Ҳˣһû緹־˶θܲˡ

ʵҲѾˣθͲõɵôһ˵θ﷭ڵܣҲ˵ʲôóһƿȪˮ˹˾ࡣɵôˮֺֺЦæȥһѶˮƿȴ˵㡣

Ŀһۣ˵㲻Լô˵˵ҲûɵƿӺڣƤЦ˵ǲǸҳ緹

һۣ˵Ҳˡ

ɵһ㶣û뵽Сӻôݵʱ漴ǺЦô

һۣɵüЦţͷ·峿һºȴֲȣ˿ͻȻһ־Υ˵ʵĸоҲû룬ܵĴð

ɵӦǵЦԾʮʮȣʵʲô⸽һҡ

ûɵ˵꣬ĴͰɡ

ɵԾҲ߰Сʱ

һۣʰöɵܸӵָָŵгɵף˵ﳵȥ𣿿ûг

һ򳵣һ߲ͷ˵Ҵ㣬׳ա

ŶɵѸٵĸ߱߶ȷұ߰ȻҴɣҳŶ

û˵꣬ѾڳϣȵŵأĿ˵ȥȥɵû˵ں棬һţ߿һ׾ŵĵಡĳȥˣֻɵ⧲һԶԶĴˡ



                   7 

˳ſڣĵû˯ţɵһµĴӺһ˵´λɣﳵʵ̫ˣüҶΪҪײˡ

۽ɨһۣ˵̫أ׳ա˵Ҳʯɵֱƿ͵ţ˽ȥ

Ӻɵصĸ˽㣬㣬˵̫أһ߱飬ȴûкѵһϷʱһζ

ײͣ˶ſϺɵһ߳ţһ߿ĵʳԼʵ⣺찡

̧ͷһۣɵͻȻԼһţǺЦõ˵쿴С㣬еͦȵġ˵⻰ɵ޲ԼԼһ£ζԼŵüһ߰ԼôˣһȴޱͷԸеĺûҪشԼ˼

ɵɴΣҪ˵ʲôʱһں˵ұ磬һġ

ŶɵȻ򣬡ֲҪؼҳԷأ˻סһ𣿡

˶٣˵һס

㸸ĸһձ𣿡˵ɵҲһסĸױϾձɵܵľǸ̫չԼˡ

ʳ仰󣬲ûеõĻشɵ̧ͷԾķˮһȻ¶һַǳıĪƽʱӷǳĲͬ

ֱӣȴͬһѴһصûɵģܵһҪǿҵɵԼ޷ơ

˲ţĬãɵκθ˵ĸѾˡ

ɵٴסΪԵڼһʮܳ裬ԼҲۼǧ˳ĳ磬ȴȻû뵽Ȼ˵ԼĸѾֲлôŨı

Բ𡭡ɵ֪Լ˵ʲô

ûʲôɱǸģ˵ȥܶˡ

˳ĬһᣬɵʲôƵ˵ճ̰ųˣ֪Ǻһ顣

ԴȵĿɵûгɵ˵ĸСĹھȫĳʸֻӿԴδμȫǺСҪأֻһӿԳߡ

һ£˵Ҫ棬һȥȫġղŵıѾȡ֮һܵĶ־

ɵ룬Ȼֻղŵ£ڵ۾Ц˵Ǿһʤɡ



ʢĽƽһݱҲȻĻ

汱Сһעһս

ϢڣľڶҴڵϿϢҵĹӣ˫ۣǰһĶԻָ˳

С㣬һһȫԸϣҲһҪʧŶ

İɡ

İɣ˾˵ҾԲˮġţͻȻӣľһУСôˣɫѿ

һۣɫ࣬ҧǳŭľʱһӣ˵ϳˣߡ

Ӧһȥ͵͵ȴʮַŭ˵ɶ񣬾Ʋҡ

һͣתͷ˵ҪƵ𣬾Ҫóʵǿ

һ㶣ıӰѽԶˣǾ仰ǸһŽЦ˵Сӣưɡ

ⳡúܼѣʣӵʱӣľĴη棬ʼţأѾ쵽ޣȷֻ֮һԼˣһҪڳעӣľҲѾʮֳ

ɵڳ⿴źˮ˳µΣаżţɲҪ䰡漴ֹӣľӣľʲô

ʱִӣľص8ŸҰУҰ׼ӣľĴηǿнӣľ۴УȴȻۿҪ֣Ӻ߸ϵ򱻴һߡ

վɵԱߵԽҰ˵ͿҰҪӣľĴηǿнɵһעб

棬ҰУ漴ǰܶϽ濴֣أȥҲ֪Ķǰ򣬳ǰ򴫸ǰӦԼȴصˤڳߡ

ӵֱ˵ļл£ɹȫ

ľĺ˿ҲڿһЦҲȥֻص˵ͷһֱɵͻȻ;Щж֮ԵĽһЦ˵ҵˣͿǵˡͷ˵ģһӮ

ľĺȥߵӣľǰ˵ںʲôһҲ㰡

ɵӣľ߹ȥ֪ҪжˡȻӣľ˵˾ʲôӣľɫ̱ˣͻȻһͷذײȥΧԱԾתͷǣӣļ̌ͷٺЦ˵˭ں°

˵㰡

ӣľŭҲġ

˵㲻Ҫ˵

ϵĳľͲһߵ˵汱ˡ

ҲٶϻתߣӣľȴΪ⼸仰ȼܶ־Ҳղηηβӡ

ɵڳЦ˵Ըӣľа취

󼸷ӣ쳣ң汱ʤ



                   8 

ճһ죬ɵʶȥ棬ȴ·ڸԵӵıϲ֮⣬˴ӡ

ΣӼϣЦŴԱϹ˵лͽ̡̧ͷȴ档

ᣬ΢΢һʹҪ˵ʲôȴʲôҲû˵һۣתͳľһصԼ

ɵ̾˿ԽҰ˵ɵˡӦһ϶Ա߳ݡ



Űſվţ˺һᣬſ߹ӭ˹ȥ͵ͽ˾

汾ûп̧ͷһЦ˵С㣿ôȥ

ͷҲ˵΢΢һ̾ӿһů⣬ǰ˵ѹҵ𣿡

һ˫ʣ㲻ѹ𣿡

濴۾峺Ӥһ񣬺ʲôҪԼȥһеѹźͺ񻯿һ㣬ͻȻɢˡ΢Ц˵ѹȻеģѾˣûź

ͷ濴ӣͻȻҪ׽ŪһµͷЦ˵ҪСʱһ˾磬Ҿѹû

ȻһڣıͻȻͱŤЩ΢΢졣һﰵЦһ߻ɫ̾˵ǰǸҺҽ˾磬ԴѧԺ󣬾ֻҽ˾ˡ˵Ż¶ıԽԽ죬ˣȻС÷ˣҪΧȴһ˾硣ͣڵأһĨػᣬĲƺһ㣬ľᡣ

淺Ȧ֪ת֮˼ֻǿᣬеšȴһѱסͷĺڷ;֮䣬϶صıɵζСʱͻȻĸ˳ССĽԼ˾硱ĸ׹ǿԼҪĺǻһӵ˰

һᣬſ֣ѻָȻЦݣ˵ҽȥɣ߰ɡ

ҡҡͷ˵ﻹ£ӳ˵ҪҳԷ

һ㶣漴ЦףʤɣӦõģ˳С

Цݣе㲻̣㡭

濴ֹӣǸᣬ˵ǿҵСѧıˣԼ˼֪֪֪ǽԼ£ɫС㣬㲻ù˼ʲôġҸղѾ˵ˣѾˡҺܸȥ汱˿ĺõĶѣܹһ·ȥ㲻ǷʲôⳡӮңҲǷʲôɡ

̹ȻĿ⣬ص˵ͷ˵ˡ

ļ磬˵ȥɡת뿪ԶıӰЦݽ̾˿˼š



                   9 

汱ľۻڳľҽС

ӣľΪ˷һ·ĶǿԺСͬһµȵȣӣľҲ֮СȻԼ˵ѵͿɳ˵һѺûŻ˴ɵͬ⡣

ľĸĸպȥݼ٣ҽľĺݺͳľĬ˵ơƣһȺ˺ƺƵ˳ľҡ

ӳţӣľðļűһòӦӣľһ͵󿴣ڴҵĺ棬ûдУ˶Ǵһɫ£һɫп㣬ǳĸɾˬûɵһǿѹԼȥ˵кŴҽš

ǰľҰæĲʱҲӳ϶һˮӣľֵĹһӣæչȥӣ㡣˵Žӹӣӣľ漴Ҳչȥ־ҪȥץȴһһӴͷϣϴȥתԿֵӣľ˵æӡһ׳ձ̾˿˵ȥϴֳԷˡ

һֱûдϻô˵æ˵Ҵȥϴְɡ

ÿɷҪȥȴϸϴֵӣľӵĻ˵㲻ôȥɱŴֻȥˡһۣһ䡰׳աѿڶӣľ˼һȭȥе꣬źĴȥ㻹ˡ

ˡƹƹҡԱһ߿֣һָָۡһ߳ˮһ߻Ͻ֣͡ľ춯һһȭס֡һߵĲкŴҹԷŰѴҵעת˹ȥ

Էǰ˵óľ˵䣬ľ룬˵ܹСߣȫҵŬ˵ǣǲҪΪС߾մմϲǵĿʲôһǵ𣿡

󺰣ưȫ

ţľĵͷ˵Էɡ

δ䣬һ𿪶϶ʱһƬǽ塣Ե;Ѿʼ໥ȰƣӣľˣʼмˡҲû˳һ㣬˫۾һɣҲҳˡǳľľĺλŮʿѵˣŶѿʼԽԽʧ̬ĵЦ˴ˣ̲ס˵˾䡰׳աȴŲزסů

ӺͲӲӣľ͹Ͷ㵽һȥˡӿԼԷ㣬˵һĹµţ̾˿˳Ŀ⿴ȥЦ˵һֱأô궼ûб䡣

ᵽһ죬վǵвĺ棬ʵѧͬһбҵģһ֪ܶ°ɣ

ӿڴֺߵı飬뵽ӣľ˵Ĺϵа̾˿־ֻ˳Ȼ޷ǿ˵䵭ӣʵ˭ã˭ֻǲڱˡźÿ۾רעţЦһЦ˵˽˵Ҳ̫ǹеʱȹһء

Ӿȵ˵𣿹ֲܾòѧ˵Ĺϵ̫һء

ӡšһ˵ʱҲǸӵľ꼶ʱһ߹ӵ£һ߻μϵĲϰ׼СһϲҺͬѧ˻Żؼң֪ѾˣϰͬѧҲ϶ߵòˡؼߵʱ·Ѿûʲôˡߵ·˼˵С졣

ӡһЦ˵û¡Ҫֶŵʱŵպþңû˵Ǽʱ֪СӾȻôܴܣһ㶼ѷɫء˵⣬췢£̲ס¶ı鿴

أ

ӻع˵֪ʱǴһȥҵġٺ˵ϲϰ࣬ѧʱһؼңֱҿԡСӣءʱͬŮͬѧĽòˣΪء

Ųӵ飬Сʵѧ㣬㲻Ҳϲɣ

һûعЦ˵ǵȻˡȻ俴ӳԾѹı飬ȻִӶͷһ£˵ѾͷȥˣϲǰܵһϲġԼ֪ļ£̾˿صĶ˵ĺѵá

ӲΪʲôӻȻôֻ࣬ƶǶĵ˵ͷ룺ҵȻ֪ѵá



                   10 

СС칦汱ԿǰŽ̬Ͷ뵽ѵУеȻҲ˳ľӳŵȡȫĳȨٴͯžһΡ

ȻҶһεľۻδССֻûȫչڳľȭľĺĻ˫лɢΪϾֻǽ׶ԵĽչԴҲûоˣֻñһɾ񻶡

ʱ˾ǰ˿СЦȨһϣ֮ϧܣͷһ̶ϣͳֻʤܰܵıˮһս

ʵʱҲɡ

緹ʱ䣬ɵԽҰһľѩҲɵԱߡԴӾȡܹݵĲ֮ѩҲôɵֻԺѵһɵǳ緹ҲԽҰǻú졣

ɵҲ̶ֳȵĽӴĸҲ;һ

ԽҰ͸ۺ汱һսöֻҪɵܷס㣬ϾȳʤȯľѩʱʣǸ㲻Ǹһ꼶ôôô

ԽҰ˵СӲһ꼶Ѿ汱˰ɡ

ͷ˵ɵһ꼶ʱء

ľѩô˵ˣɵ𣿡

ɵЦ˵á˵վ˵˾ͻȥɣϿˡ



ĩܿˡ

;ۼ˺ܶڣ֮ǰϺıûʲôҹעĶ汱˭ܹᵽһȨ

˫ԱϳɵվԱߣЦŶ˵ҲˮŶ

㶢˵һġ

죬ʼ

ϰ볡ɵԽԽ֣кܶԺԾȴǽ򴫸һһе㲻ԣֲڱȥֱϰ볡ҵʣôϰ볡ŵ֣㰡

û뵽һۣսĻ棬ȴתԼϢ

ɵصϢԽҰֲǺܸˣ˵ʲôɵֻϰ볡õ֮ġɵȴԽԽòԣԲˡͻȻ뵽һܡ°볡ϳʱɵǹϰ볡𣿡

ڵӷĿ˵ΪҪ㣬ɡ

ӣɵԼкܾûеļͻȻŷ˳ЦŶ˵ɡ

ɵܾû緢ĴˣϣԼںܾǰѾ޷ᵽȫȫȤˡ򳬺ѰȰͶʤִ׵ľ͸ȾѪڡ

°볡˵ĸ˱ݶԿ̨ϵĹڶѪı

ճ죬ľĺһ춨ʤ֡

ȫڡ

򵽴ˣûҡ



жӵʱɵ΢Ц֣ϲ㡣Ŀ΢ЦһĿ֣˵ЦͱЦ׳ա

ɵЦһһߵԽҰŭ㣬㲻Ҫ̫֡

ĿһۣɵԽҰЦ˵ԽҰһ꼶ѧܽ档ģҲҪзȰɡ

ô˵ٴο˿ɵȴ˵ʲôתˡɵҲԽҰصϵĶ

Ǿ仰ȴؿɵЦͲҪЦ׳ա仰һֱͣɵԺصһֱɵԼ޵еЦӮ˵ϲأҲЦֳ˵ľ롣Цõ̫ϤڵԼҲֲԼΪ˲ЦΪЦѾΪˣʲô飬ЦѾΪĵһӦˡ

ﵱȻźʱЦݻǲԾظϣȴϱһƣʵһԴˣɵȴĿ֣嵭˿ʱѹ



                   11 

ϵѹղһ汱Ϣ˸߲ҵҪȥ񻶡ΪľҳѾݼٽؼңۺףĵصڰҿС͹У̫˻ｫһԼߵ㰲Ҳ͹ݼ󣬴Ҿ͸ȻؼϴϢˡ

ؼϴ˸裬ȻɳԺҪ˯ȥȻ绰֪绰ĳһҾǲӣȻǳˬǽ绰աιһڵ绰ͷԴе˵С㣬ְֻձˣմǼߣҪȥǶ

յ绰һ漴ʵʲô

̾һ˵ܸʲôҪ

Ĭһᣬָǰ䵭Ŀ˵ǲȥġ

ԥһ£˵ҪҪŻرһ£

ն˵ǻģҲġ

ҵ绰ûãһȥšԭٻķܿվſڡ

źվڣǰˣ˵ҲǽȥĬһԭ˵С㣬ǽȥô

㼫Ϊ䵭˵ԣС

ԭе㲻˵ôôĸ˵أ

˵꣬ҷŭͶԭ䵽˵ֻһĸףֽӣߵŮˣûһϵ

㡭ۿҪֽܿæ˵ԭ𼱣¥ȥǡ˵ԭʾ侲΢΢ͷתˡ

ţ£ȿ˿ڣҲġ

ԭվԼһߵĶӣǰ޵˫ۣһ˵ĸоΪʲôȥ

Ҳ㻹ǸŮͬһ¡

С㣬ôõ츳Ҳһֱôķȥ

ôԼ¡˵

仰ԭȻŭúúͶ̸һ̸Ϊ⣬һֱ֮ģӲ̬ȣôܵͬʱһĪŭĸףûȨˣڻδ꣬һļ໤ˡ

̧ĿԼĸף촽ýģ˵ԭ̬ȣᡱվ˵ʲô̬ȣԴ׵̬ȣ

ҲվԼĸףһһٵ˵ҲÿӶҿԼͬŮԼ͵ġ˵úÿһȴ׶һԭͷȻ¡

㿴һᣬȻɳϵ˳ȥ

Ҳ֪·Ŀĵй˶ãֻȻˣó绰һǲӣһӵĴɤžʹ˳㲻˯˰ɣۻ쿪ʼˣϽ

Ĭһ£˵ѧ㣬ҽ첻ȥˡ

ӡһʣʲô𣿡

ûС

ΪʲôǣôأҶˣ͵ˡ

ðɡ



                   12 

ʱѾ쵽ߵˡһƿţӣľĺֻٵĺˣǵôá

ɻ￴˿ӵĳԱӣľŶѾΧˣϵĲȴûжȻڵ㶵ʱ򣬲һѽߣѱԹ˵ǲӲǶˣҪһ𡣡

ľĺһЦ˵˲

Ҳһ߸š

ӽӵǽǣЦ˵ûǵƣôܿϯء

⻰һӣľǶ˭˵ǵư

Ⱥѣѹƺһ£Գľľĺ΢΢һ˵Բˡ

ӣľ˸ղŵ֮չ˵ȻǸ̫ˡҲһȡӴͿе㲻ԾʱһʾӣľһЦ˵Ȼ˵ˣǾͿʼɡӳ˵䡣

ľͷվ˵ܹȫǿҵŬǵһЩѾ꼶ˣʵĻˡ˶٣ƺڵҺܸȫĶѣǼŬȥʵǵɡ

˵ȫߺưȫ

Ҳжݵı飬ҿʼҺʳȰžƣӣľһĮȻԹԵĳŶʮֲˬƵٵˣӦ÷ӣľһкϷ帽ͣľĺæԲ˵Ҳǹġ

û˵꣬ȴ˵ҸҺ𣿡ʮ˶ʱѻȸؿֱȻӣľƣһ䡰׳ա¡

ӣľﾭô˵Ⱦͺȣ˭㡣˵и߹骵ϹһơƣóӾҪ˵ơȴһסҪԼƵĹǣùƿ˵鷳ôȰɡ˵һͷƿھͿʼȡȵһ룬ͣ˶Ƴһӣľ˵׳գ𣿡ʮµ̬ȡ

ӣľڷ㶣ôһ˵е˭ֻꡣһƿƣͿʼࡣ

߹ǲľľĺһۣ֪ܲԾһߵԲ˵ѧ㣬ôˣ

ҡҡͷ˵ҲȰŵӣľһ֡

ӵͷתͷ˵Ӧһ¡

˵ĹѾһƿʼȵڶƿȵٶ֮죬֮ǰȾƴܵ˶һԹ˵ȾƵٶȺƣԲǵһκƴƣӣľ϶֡

ǳԾĿһ˵濴СӾȻһ֡

ӣľһƿʱĵڶƿѾӽβˣŷƵҺ˳ĲһֱµӣľȻÿڸ䣬ڶƿ¾ƿӣľ˵Ҫ𣿡

ӣľ죬Ȼû˵ԱߵƽͿԾæЦ˵ղӣľֻǿЦ档

ľĺҲæ˵ǰѵôҸˣǾͲҪˡ

һû˵ӣľʱѻعҪ˵ԱҡҡͷӣľǴҲ̫ҲǿûзӿЩ䳡Ц˵ⶼôˣóԳԣúȺȣֹˣҪǰѵŶ

ôһ˵ҲŶŶ˴𼸾䡣žߣ˵Сӣѧһ֪㾹Ȼôܺȣѧȼ˵ŽǰıӵָԼһ

ӸŹȥżҪȥȴͻȻס˵֪ΪʲôҪȾơ

һ㶣ǽ˵Ҷ첻Ծţйһ¡ոӣľǹģ㻹ԼҪ

˵ҲôȾư

ЦЦ˵ղ˵ȾƵٶȺƣǸ֣ҲԲʲôء

еԾŹǣ˿ȻЦ⵫Ǳ棬мֳζ˵ǣӦʶһأ

̺ˣͷ˵ʡһֲ֪˵ʲôӿЦҰԼ׵ܵܿͰˡ

۾һһֱòӺ֮ŷͬһĸ飬ΪԼһֱӣҲȥʣô˵ϲ⣬Ӧģʣϡ



                   13 

˵ʱ䣬ѾԺƣЦŸԼϵıЦ˵֮ǰ㣬ⱭҪ㡣

̧ۿڵ۾һԻͻȻѣεĺһھƣ˵ллڶǰ˵Ļ

룬һͷӽһЦЦ˵һﻹǲء˵ŽԼľҲһںꡣƿʼԼϣָϣ˵ѧҾ˵ҲӦôԹԵȺһߵҡͷЦֻøֺȥʼеͷΣתͷǽȵˣҲˡͨ˵˻࣬Ŀɢȴһ˫۾ȻĿԼȴƺԽԽףͲȶ˵ӡ

ʱ򣬹ǴЦĶ˵СǱʣҲȼ

ÿɷþƿԼ͹ǵ˵Ⱦѧ˵žٱͺȡ˵˾ƵƽʱʲôͬĻƽʱҪ˵öࡣһԿһһĺȣûгʲôֻǺȾƣۿŹѾ첻ˣȴǼûʲô仯ı飬ǲӣڳ˼ˡ

ڲ̲סˣߵ˵ȵ̫ˣٺˡ

̧ۿ˿ӣĬһ£ͷ˵õģѧ㡣˵ŶԹһ˵鷳ˡʮֿºͣƽʱֱˡ

Ӵŵˣվųľľĺ˵Ȼȥˡ˵žȥӼôƣԼȥ𣿾˯һɡ

һתŲӣȻ΢΢һЦ˵ѧģƶһ㲻ʲôһЦµ̱̻һĲã汱˶ʱסڴҵУ˲͹ݵš

˺һᣬعӣľ˵ǳԴҩô֡

ҲڱıԵŭ𣺡С˵ʲôƶʲô

ľľĺĶһۣʶȥӣȴʧǵλϣ֪ʲô



˲͹ݵţķһһӿؼңֿʼڽҹ䣬ţеϻûʲôǰһұ꣬߹ȥԵġţûнȥһͷײһ˵ϣȻһϤԾĽУ

̧һɵŸϴһȵĿԼײеʹԴһ䡰׳աѿڶ

ɵŵϵľζǳԾӰһϢھۻʱǵξƲմģΧѾ˿ɵţѹʵȾˣ

Ҫɵ֣ɵӴȣѣŭ֣Ҫȥ

ʱûƽʱһӣ۾ֱֱɵ΢΢ӣеߺߵСģɵȻáܿɰɵЦʣҪʲôȥ򡣡

ԵģҶˡ

شɵ͵һЦһ£˵ȥҼҰɣڸҸŪԵġ

ͷ룬ȻͷؼңȥɵĿǰȽϲѡɵͷʵںܿɰЦͷʹߡ߱ʣôܵˣ

֪

ǽôȾˣ

Ͱ׳ջѧȵġ

Ŷǽ칦ɡ㲻һ򲻺ȾƵ𣿡һɵ;úڣһʳô֪ҲȾơ֮ĻûǷ룬ֻǲͷؿһɵ˵Ҹˣ𡣡

ǺǣɵЦ˵ǴҲҺɣҼơơƳһۣ˵ķóԵĻԿǡ

ɵôһ˵̲סЦ̫ɰˡӴҸʲô

ſɰأߡ



˱߱ģһᵽɵסҵĹԢװ޼ȴ£ɿװ޵ƷζסʮָɾɫΪɫǳ͡ٺãɵ˳תŵƵһżһζתͷȥɵһ̳Ц˵ҵհɡ

ǰмȺ߲˶ʮˣԻĿɵ벻աɵʾ׳Ҩһ׷ͽζʮֺã²ٿͷڴڳɵһЦеĿţȫûʶԼȫǳı顣

һƣһ̳Եøɸɾ󣬺ӿһ۾ܵӡɵǼ϶մŷһʱ̿ȥֽϷõЦ˵ԷԵȥˡüȻۣɵ˵þɡ



                   14 

ɵһ㶣漴׹Ц˵ǳˮƽһÿɷɵϵսӱơƳһݸԼҲһ

ӹơƣһڣɵΪʲôҪԣ

ɵһ£û뵽ôʣԼĳ췢˵˵ˣûôࡣ

šһ˵ллĳ˵΢΢һɵľƣһơһɵһ㶣ʵ̫ʵôǺȾƵô

̧ۿһɵ˵ô

һȻӣ뵽ĺȾƷʽԼղ̻ʳԷΣɵͻȻһַŭʹĸоϯʣûԷôǺȾƣ

ûȥɵֻǡšһվ˵Ҳֻưɣ

ɵᡱվļѹŭʵȶپˣ

ſɵı顪ûƽʱЦݣɫûЦ۾һɺĸоɵоȻûɵһ飬˵Ҳʮƿɡ

ɵһѹֲסŭŶӺʮƿڻҪҺȣ𣿡

һʱûӦɵ̲סֱ˵ղŲǳԹ𣿡˵ͻȻعɵ˵Һȶٸʲôϵ˵ղҪҺȵġ˵žɵ֣Ҫȥˡ

ɵס˵Ҫȥ

俴һ˵֣ܡ

ɵˮһдžǿһ˿ϴűŭı飬촽ýģôľƣɫȴ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ㣬ɵͻȻеŭȫһεʹ̾ɵ˵ȵ̫ˣٺˣ𣿡

ЩɵͻȻ͵ı飬в֪Ϊʲôûɵһվţһʱ˻شɵ̾˿ɳ£ȥһȲ裬Ȼ£ָЦеӣ˵ȱ裬ȥϴ裬סɡһסܷġ

豭һᣬűĲҶ񣬸һ˵鷳ˡ

ɵЦ˵鷳鷳һʵҲءͣһ£ɵ쾿ôˣ룬ˡ裬ɵµëϴƷԼԼһ׸ɾ·Ƶԡȥϴȥˡϴ裬ɵԼҲȥϴԡҳʱѾɳ˯ˡ

ɵߵɳϽ뿴ڵˮ˳ü£գһֱӸſţɵͻȻ;ӿ죬٣ͻȻ;ûյˮƺҲԼﻮһһһ¡ɵ̲סչȥۿҪǰ״һļͻȻĵ绰ɵһ֮£æСˡͣ˶񣬿һ㶼ûѣԶ߹ȥĵ绰һĵ绰ԥһ£ǽ

ɵû˵潹ǵѾ˳С㣬ôûؼң̸ְô

ɵΪεĿһ˵棬ɵ

绰ͷȻһСĵ绰ô

ɵЦһ˵ۻȶˣպң͵Ҽˡ˯ˡ

ȶˣ绰ͷȻе㲻ţȴû˵ʲôֻ˵ú˯ɣٴ˵Ź˵绰

ɵµ绰ɳϣԼһˮȥԼղŷľٶǡ顱ͻȻһͷ˳ѵϲˣɵԼͷһæʹ˦˦ͷҪ뷨Ժ˦ȥһɵ۾ȴĿµ۽ޣ˯ź쳣͵ĲܿƵĿɵ˺һᣬ΢ѾȫԼ⡣

΢΢̾˿ɵȥ̺ϡ˺һᣬȻЦЦ˵ϲˣû취



                   15 

ڶ죬ѹʱԼɳϣϻ̺ӣ֣Щͷʹְ˰̫Ѩɵ֪ˣæӳɳվЦ˵˯ˡҿ˯㣬Ҳûҽ㡣

šһɵеԺӣƽԡ˵һ£ͳ緹ˡ

ˬĳɵ緹ϡýƵĺɰһ㹽˿ࡣúɵĿ⿴˿ɵ˵ģ

ɵֺǺǵЦ˵Թķ㻹ҵô

һ£ͷ¾ҪԷɵ˵ȱ𼱡˵ȥһëһ߰ͷһ߶ϴͷҲ׸ðġͷùëԼͷϴ³Ĳ伸£ëԱһӣ˵ˣԷɡ

ɵЦЦʢһ˳㽫ƬĨϹݸɵúȻԵҲȻ˼ûʲôĳ緹ɵʰŽõȻ˵ɵһһɡ

ɵˢ룬⻰̧ͷ۾ĶԼЦ˵ðҪ극һСʱ󡣡

ɵӳɳϱۣҪ˯ŵӡͻȻ绰æ˵˯ˣ绰Ұӵġ

ۣŶһû˵ɵ˵㲻ȥ𣿡

˵ٴġɵ˯æʣôһסҲչ㡣

һۣüͷ˵ҲҪչˡ˶٣˵Ǻ鷳ģʸͣ

Ȼû˵ɵȴˣ϶һҶ޾ϸҪģֲòشֲ˵ĸԣ϶ú鷳뵽ɵ̲סﵽʮȣͷһۣ΢΢һ㣬ûܶħƣҲˡ

һûһģ˵ţֻˡɵӦĵ绰Ǿȥݲ裬Լ绰ɵѾ˵绰ɳϷɵװŲʣż˰ɣ

šһɫе㲻ãɵе㲻ѿʵǲʲôˣ

̧ۿһۣû˵˺һᣬɵеڨڨģҸĻ⣬ȴȻƵ˵ҸҪһҲϡ

ɵŴ֪ԭ򣬵ЦЦ˵Ҳǵ㡣˵ֻͷȲ裬һȻ̧ͷ˵ȥɡ

ɵںڵԼЦ˵ã߰ɡ



򳡣Сʱɵɫе㷢ףֲ֪֣ͣЦ˵ˣϢһ°ɡ

ɵӭĿ⣬Цǳ磬ɫƺһƵģʮֿʡûɵһתȥ˺һᣬŻعתɵȫϻб𣿡

ɵıִ㺢棬ʧЦûвμӹȫ֪ءһ룬˵ҹʱһ֣ڹ£ʲôţǱ󡣡

Ĭ飬Ȼصͷɵ΢΢Цſ룬һֹͣӡֱֱĶ˵лֱ˵

ɵھ۾ĲֱšĶЦЦ˵Լһ˵ӮҪȫӵӮҪ

΢΢е㾪ȣ漴شȻȫӵʤҪ

ɵͷʵеʱ򲢲ֻǸ˶صȫӵϡ˵һһļѾǷǳõˡȫ϶иѡ֡ΪԱҪ쵼ԼĶȡʤҪÿһԱƣ˶ӵãơ

ɵ˵ֻ΢΢üͷŸոĻɵЦԴ˵Щȥɣ֮Ŷ

                   16 

С԰󲻾ãͬһȥǰѵˡѵ֮û죬ʽ̤ȫ̡

ɵһѵõļڴʵһ߶ʮֹעÿ춼ҪüѯѵҲܸӵļֵ̻Ķš֪ٵĵһǸʱɵЩ벻ʲô飬ֻˡ

ڱʼ֮ǰɵвĸоԽԽԣֻһŸСģյ֡׳աͷɵҲԼʵеˣһơڵӻǰſ

Աʱ򣬹㲥ŮŷԱ֣4ңɵȻԼΪʲôòǸңȥ³ͷһ̺۵ˡҪСĲǡҪ绰ѾˣɵŬѹסеĲӦѹˣǿɳƴı

ոտʼƲɵԳԼǿĹǿһгӣɵܾҪʲôһ

ȻŷֶӣһУⲻɫĺݺײ֮ϡڵϣɵͻȻһƬհס

ӣľ䡱Ĵλ𣬳嵽ϣָϴ쵰ǹĶԲԣ汱˶ڳԾһΪͷľȻӣľҲɫң˫ȭ߬һԲľĺƲæסʾľȰסӣľæõ̧ܹϢҴ˿ڡ˷򳡣Ծ汱Աˡһº͵ľĺҲòм䵭ҡ

еȴκһ˶ҪǿҡֻҪǸͿԱܿΪʲôܿأ

ɵ㶵ɳϣֻһͷˣҪҪıһҲûпȥ

汱ŭǣϰ볡󼸷ú·治ϣҲĲɣʧƵƵϰ볡ʱȷ־û̫Զ

ӻϢϢɵĲſʼһ˲ʹɵģ輸ϵơƺ˼ڣҺ彥ɵЩƽһ˾վ

Ҫصӣ°볡ѾҪʼˣɵȻ汱м䣬Ҫӡңͣصɳϣɵϸӵпȫѩ׵ûʲôѪɫЩü϶ΪʹĹϵҪϳȫһƬɵ̫ȴһĶĻ´ʲô

ҪϳʱȻס΢΢ЩԾͷ˵סʲôʱҪҶߡ

һů֪ΪҰܵӰλԼߣ΢΢һͷ˵߽򳡡

ɵ˵вɼ־Լʲô˦˦ͷ۾ʱɵۿʪʵֹɵڳе˶ססǿ𺳡

ڿɵϵӣʰһ¾ֱ߳š



ϣɽǰı׼ȥϢȻǰ̨С˵ҡ

ǳɻĳţȴվǰ·档˹ȥңȴѯʡһرĿ⣬˵Բ𡣡

˵Ĵͣһ£˵һҪлءΪԾĿ漴ЦһΪ㲻ῪЦء

˵ûЦ

һ㶣óһƿҩݸ˵Щҩ۾׵ÿһЩЩɻĽӹҩЦЦ˵Ҽǿҩġ

ͷ˵лл

ҡҡͷ˵пܳΪȫձѡֵġɽ󱱵ĻĿԳΪȫձһĸˡ

󱱣е죬룬Ȼɵ˵ġ󡱣֪ɵָˣаһ׳ա

ҿ죬ΪڿıҲ͸ˣڵƬ̣طϢȻһ·£ԾĽеɵ



                   17 

վţһͷ췢üЦŵģɵ˭

ɵЦøǲã첽˹ȥ˵Ҹ˲ˣ

Լõֻ۾һۣ˵׳աһ˵ôˣ

ɵһģ˵ڵ￴ˣϸϹˣһ㾪ϲû𣿡

һůȴ˵Ծеģϲˡ

ɵһüƶһСϱģ̿΢΢һ˿Ц⣬һŵסĶ

֪ɵ˵пշ𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵ʰɡ˵Ŵɵȥǰ̨ڻпշɵͶһ䷿ߡ

¥˾ӣľһУɨͷôˣ

ɵͷʹ̧һͿӣľһȵָԼԱߵһЦЦϤһеı顣ɵǺǸЦ˵ҷҲû£͹Ǽˡ

ӣľһӸ˵㲻רŵıֵİɡ

ûɵشקӣľ¥ߣһһ˵ֻ²ǣĳ˵İɡ˵Ƴһ

ɵ˵ĸо͵ۿһһ겻ıɽ˵߰ɣҲ˯ˣ컹бء



ڶɽı쳣ңɵڿ̨ϵһһֺԼûиһӵĸо쳣ȴʲôĸоֱǸֳһ΢ЦɵŵĲ£Ѿܹƿرˡ

Ȼ汱Ĵ¼ѵӮ˱ɵվű汱Ĺһ𻶺ʱԼλķһۣı飬˵ˣ

ɵͷ૵һ˵ˣ

ڶ죬Ϊ̫汱ҰڰѧԺ汱ĶԱȴѾûź汱֣Ҳ쳹ȫ



ɵ汱һصδѡѵɵָֻÿɢӡһţɵͷе㲻ԣ̽ͷһһβŵ绰ŮӱӰǰ죬ŮתɵҴҹҵ绰ɵЦСӣ˰

ɵ޿κεĿһۣ˵ôˣҲȴ绰

Ůɵͷϲ᲻һģ˵ҲôҴ绰㶼ڼң˵ȥˣ

Ůɵĸ״ɵӡΪʦطȥǻصձҲǳסֻպæһΣҪݸ٣ӣȴϵδ֮ɵͲڼҡ

ɵƫƫͷɵӵħƣ˵ȥˣ˭֪Ҫ˶ʣλҪã

ɵеĵ绰˵Դܵģǲˣ͵ߡ

ɵһҾ֪ı飬Ц˵ϴ˵ľһҲδһҳԸɡ

ɵü˵ʵһҲľѩ棬˵Եɣֻõͷȥ绰ľǱȻǸ˵ģԼ˼ʱص㣬ֿ˺һᣬŹ˵绰

ϣɵӴߴɵԼõĲ͹ݣţĴѩ͸ĸѾڶõλϡҼ棬һѣŷֱ¡ɵȻһŤͷҼҳԼ׵ļƵġ뵽ɵ̾еסˡ

ɵȴûֶӵ쳣ֻǿѩԽԽƯ֮Ļɵֱð亹ڵĲ½½ˣҲͣ쿪ʼԷճŲãɵȻһϤС㣬Ҳ͹ݵ˾ܲģǰλãҪףȫıء

ɵһϲæķ򿴹ȥüֳԼ߹ϲԽվʲôʱģ棬ɰ

˲Լ̧ͬͷɵһЦе΢΢ü˵Ķ㰡ǵͷʾк

ɵعɵ˵裬ľһѡ漴ֶ˵Ǽǰھľһҡ˵ɵЩĿԼ̫ⷬͻӣͷֻҪһͷߡ

ǳɵǣȻɵӺľ򸾾һǳ׼ŵĹǳò˺áҲ֮󣬴ɵֻ˲õʵɵòװɡ

䣬˹ɵæϣ濴ɵЩΣҲ˵Լλ߹ȥɵŹȥֻλѾһλŵ˺һλȥܺƵӣӦĸĸˡ

ò׳ͷɵȥ˵Ļߵһݼ游ĸʲôʱпգܾûһһˡ

˵һһ۾һ˵첻УɡɵҲΪʲôУֻǵͷ͸뿪ˡ

ڻؼҵ·ϣɵĶӵͷ˵ӣѳö˧ûСӻͦ۹

ɵԼ⸱˾ռߣƲƲ죬ûɵӽ˵ǸҾӦǷǳŶԣôһûһӡ󣿡

һǹ£ɵ̺ʵô֪ļҾӦúܺã

ɵб˶һۣΪ˵ձƽô꣬ʲôĴԹû۹⻹еġһƶǶӣ̾Ľ͵ǴкʱǾϹ㿴𣿡ɵͷ˵ǲ˼òѡ

ɵҡҡͷ˵ǲϹľֹ߹ţĽǶǡôʺò壬ͨòܹģҸҿ϶ܹǳõרŵǽ

ɵûİ죬ֳ︡ƽһ˵ı˵ģʵڲνġǳõרŵǽǷϡ

ɵҲɵı飬˵ҿľӵҲ壬ձǴңΪʲôԹԵı˵ɵ㲻ʶкܶ࣬ʲô˲ģЩûõˡ

ҲǣһЦҲͽ׵Ժˡ



                   18 

ڶɵȥ󣬲̾ͻؼңڽȻһϤŵıӰһζɵûüϸ룬һ⣬ĵһǳĽֵȻδľưɽ֡

ɵһҾưſڣ˽ȥкǳԾ벻Ȼֵط̧ۿ˿ưɵ֡ɵһԥ˾ưɵšưɵװԺɫ͵ɫΪľưɣԵΪϵƹЧԳ롣ưǰһ͵̨ѾںãŻֶפ

ɵһȦûпΪɻҪҪȥȴ汱ٴſڽ˸λ£ɵһžͿǲ׷Ǹλá

Ʊܿơƹȥ˼䣬ĳͣɵ룬߹ȥкˣôɡ

̧ͷɵһ漴Ц˵Ǻɰ

ɵֱ϶϶֪ŴԼģǹʵأȥĶˣ

ôʣΪֵĿһۣʵû˵ô

ɵеڨڨģ˼˵Լģֻ˵ġɿֿΪԼõġ

һصЦ˵ܼˡ˵кƱ˱Ӻơƣ⣬˱ߺȾƱ

ûãưɵԽԽ࣬ĵҲ˺öˣɵԼԼ˽šRukawa, Rukawa֣ԾĿЦŽָ촽ϣһơ

ʱšRukawaԽԽнһһȫưɵ˶źȻưڵƹһ̨ϵĵȴͣһԸеŲ̊˷˵ǻӭڴѾõǡֶڵ̨

̨µʱŵƹתһŲ̊һŮӿͲ󣬵һͷװʮԸУ۾Ǻһ˿ЦƯվ˷棬Ӧֶӵֺͱ˾ֽǳӣԼʮӣ񣬿ҰЦݡһʮӣû˻Įͱ飬ƽƺżɬ̨Щ롣ɵм𾪵ǣֶӵĹ֣Ȼ㣡

ɵ𾪵ӣ΢΢һЦ˵ҵһοӣһԾ̨ϵһɫ£ڳúܿüֵİ״һظѩ׵ĲϲźüȦɫϸϸӣ¶˴һöһɫ׹ͬɫĺɫ㣬һָϸɫΪװΣȻûбĲ԰׾µڵ۾ȴһϢջɵ㣬ֻԼĺʱ

վڼӹĺ棬΢΢һ̧һֵƣưͻȻͰɵ˵ҴģĵӣûпҲԲڱĵطٿ

ɵ΢΢һ㶼䣬ĹѾ졣տʼҳأûӽֻǴĹĵܼʼ仯ĮӿʼÿҰнŹĵڶͻȻһ̵ͣʼ룬Ǽͱ˾ĵŸһţԲʼŮŮҲʼɵĿֻ׷̫𺳣һʱһƬհס

ɵѵһĳԾӣЦ˵Сƽʱޱӣһʱܲ˰ɣ

ɵϵơƺһڣѻָƽЦݣǰһ￴ǲҲܳԾ

ôʣЦһ漴Ц֪֪е˵ƿ

ɵһ˵ΪһżȻĻᱻſġÿݳߣעˣҲûбҪרΪȥʲôңҲ֪

ɵͷ̫ķˡ˵Ҵֶÿ̶ݳ֪Ϊʲôûµͻ

ɵһڰĽ俴òǺŵȴһֱӢŵǷϵʾǳĺг΢΢һֱƺһֱĸ飬ȴ޷ֱʳֻٺ˿ھƣͷ̨ҫ۵˵



                   19 

ֶӵݳһֱһСʱʮһʱֶӳһ׸裬׼˳ɵһּȸź鿴̨ϵȴȻЦ˵һϲҪˡ

ɵһ֪˵ľϲ϶йأϸֻ̨صнĽСrukawa, rukawaԽԽŮЦŽе˷ݵϡɵеԾˣѵҪ費ɣһȴȼһ̣΢΢ۣרעĿ̨ϡ

ӹͲʾһ£һ׺ϵľӢĸ衰Yesterdayɾ峺żʳɵһʱںδĸо

yesterday, all my troubles seemed so far away

now it looks as though they're here to stay

oh, I believe in yesterday.

suddenly, I'm not half the man I used to be,

there's a shadow hanging over me.

oh, yesterday came suddenly.

why she had to go I don't know she wouldn't say.

I said something wrong, now I long for yesterday.

yesterday, love was such an easy game to play.

now I need a place to hide away.

oh, I believe in yesterday.

why she had to go I don't know she wouldn't say.

I said something wrong, now I long for yesterday.

yesterday, love was such an easy game to play.

now I need a place to hide away.

oh, I believe in yesterday.

Ӣ׼д˵ƺڻʲôɵиһ

һգŵľϹҲ̨¸ĺȲʺת˳

Ĭһᣬɵʮ΢Ц˵СӣĶôܻӭǵġ

ŵаЦŸͣǰʼΪֻĮСӣŷ֣ԭ̫˳ԾĶˡ

ɵǺһЦ˵ϴκȾҲ벻İɡ

šһ˵㶼֪ˣСӾ磬лᣬһҪܺȶ١

ɵžƣа̾˿˵Ϻȣ˭ҲûȰȰɡ

ͷٵһ̣һڣ³ȥɵԽ䣬ɵԺô

ɵһ漴Цÿɢ

ЦҾ֪ġ

ɵҲЦͷľһ



ڶɵǱŵѵġԺ´ţȻʶˣһ

һ˶һһߵıɵɵͻȻڲ͹ݳԷԼԼģӾưɻȴһɶӣɵһЦһ߽£û緹ɣһ£Ͱ

ȴһԲֻԼڵ˫ɵɵڱе㲻ڣӱ˯ȥĳ췢˼ЦЦ˵ǸǺǣˣҪ緹һ򣿡

ޱ飬ɵеţ˵Ҫѧǰÿ춼򣿡

沿Żɳһ˵ȥϴɡɵ˿һ뿪ѧҲͲˣһȥϴˡ

СʱɵĥӲֻͣɵϴȥͳ緹ꡰ硱ʮˣɵʵǴȥĶһɵϾͿʼڡȻҲû롰ѿڶ

ɵɲѧУûʼѵͱˣǡǺǡЦ˵ղŴ򰡣ȥĵطɡ

ɵЦеӣޱĵɵԼٽ˵ɵͷٽȥ㰡Ӱȥֳʲôİ

ɵ²ӣǼᶨ³֣򡣡ɵЦ˲ȥﻹǲĵС˵ÿ˶̫ģ˵ôǿң׻ġ

ɵüۣһίֲҷӣȻ֪װģȴ̲סֺЦֲģǰ˵Ǿֳɡ

ɵֱԼĶ䣬㾹Ȼͬȥֳ

ɵһŵİ׳࣬üȻǴɡ

ȥֳӦɵٲı⣬ֱֳ



                   20 

վֳſڣһ

ֳļ䣬Ǻܶǰĸ׻ʱµˡ˵ıĸоţƱɵ˸߲ҵĳԼܹеѹõЦƺҲ嵭˲٣ӭɵ˹ȥ

ΪڷٵĹϵֳرĶࡣɵ˧䣬ʮֵۡʱŮڨһ档һ㶼ޱ飬ͲˣɵһЦел

¸ɵԾүֻ澪մ̼Ϸɳ½һ˸顣ɵ˫ȷĴӳһȵӣҪһعɽ

ɵɫѲ磬Ц˵˰ɣһ磬ˡ

ʱֳĵƹѽĺڵƹҫ¾Ȼʵĸоʱ΢΢üͷ˵ôͺôе㺬յζͻȻڻ֮£ûƽʱĲ԰Įָƻĸо

ɵ͵һĿԾҪȥƽüһ壬૵ĵͻ㡭

ɵôΪԾɵ֣Ҫ㿪ȴɵ۾δںڶһְӿѹŵУ·ҹµĴ󺣣׶顣

֮£ɵѸüͷֵĸо˶һϾͷֿˡɵεĿջ֣һʱ䲻֪ôͣе㷢ĿɵԳĬŵʱһС꣬Ȼ㣡˻ع

ԶһͷĿ췢ӣľ˹滹żˡǣӣӣдֵӣľš

׳գ㱳ϵ˶ôѵõ͸һġ

ǣʲô˰ӣľļֿ˿ɵôָɨͷһ𣿡

⻰֮ʣڳɵӻˮƽȴһɵЦеĶӣľ˵ӣľǸСԼأɫľͲӣľղŵ⡣

ӣľŤӿ˿㣬һǵͨ죬ȴֲ÷ϡӿⳡа̾ȴ˵Լô˵ģףӣľȫָԺʱġ

Ųô˵˿ӣľԺӳ棬ӲþܾӲ˲ӣ˵֮ȻƤĸˡӣľȻҲͱſֵ˼һˡӣľܲ˱ӵĵԼᱻһȺ˽ˣ֪Ϊʲôȴڿһ̲Ծؾܹкˡ

ӿ˿ɵղ˵ĶǶˣֲĸоҲûб¶ֻװʵôֳǱҪģ϶û绰

һʱ֪ôش𣬽Ҳ̫鷳ţɵЦŽӿ˵ġˣԸķ䣬ͱˡɵһۣҲȽ㣬ԼҲȷʵˣҲûз

ɵһȺҲУЦ˵Ҷ˰ɣҸطԷɡ

ЦЦĿɵ˵ɵ𣿡ɵɫشԼĻӶе㲻ˣʱôʣеΪѵ˼

ɵ֪ҪǸǮִŵɵҲӲÿɵʻϻǮɵ΢Ц˵뵽ССôˣҵҡ

⻰ȴӣľ͹ǵǿҲӣľ˵ɨͷʲô˼ǲҲС˼һ仰ߵͨһӣľȴ˵

Ҳߺߵ˵ɵǾͲ𣿡

ɵʱͷЦ˵ҵң𣿡δ䣬ֻ˳ǣף׳ճԺ



                   21 

ҴУӣľһعЦżĴļ˵꣬ġ΢΢һ㣬˾׳գĵûл֡

ɵӣľĵЦûɵһ£ӣľǲһ

ӣľħצͷԲ˵ѧ㣬ٽ϶ӳľĺѧѧɡӵͷиˣ⺢ӣڿϹıˡôţͳ绰绰ȥˡ

ֳĴţſֵһᣬľľĺŷֱ򳵹ˡɵҲڣľľĺе⣬ȴһҲûгԾЦźʹҴкȻɵ˵㾹Ȼֳʵ̫бˡ

ɵЦ˵ǺǣֻԸķ䡣

һȻı飬ɵ˵õǿ찡

ƦƦһЦ˵ҪͣҵȻϾ͹ˣѵð

˵ţӣľѴҪȥԷԼһɵӣľҲ˽ԲӺͳľ˵úĳԼ˾˵һַǾˡ

ɵַȻɵ˵һܺõǾ仰ΪҪȥҲ͹ݣɵȥΣһҷǳߵĲͨ˸Ѳ𣬸˵ĸˡ

͹ݵֽװ޺ǳǳɫ񣬴мҵȫʽȴʮ־µˮơţӣľеŲҴ˵

ǰ̨ľһ˹ǳضͷүˣ𣿡

ͷ˵ȥŷ㡣

̵ͷ˵õģȥš

һ˵㿴Ÿ˰ɣҵˣʢһ㣬Ҫһ̲˸ճԺ

ͷȥˣֱߡŷ㡱һǳµĸ䣬ڲ棬ʽƣţһʮ־ɵԺӡ

кСʣԷ᲻̫Ʒˣ

һۣܸӵĻشһ䣺ᡣ

ǴҶ̫ϰߵĵطһʱ䶼ĬšֻΪղרŵ̲ζšӣľھúʵǳϵġβ˵һԼûȫ׵ĿϲɵȴĪе㲻죬Ȼ֪ԼҲճԺĻһԼãô㲻ʹ졣

ҶȽϾнֻÿ˵⹫Ͷʵģĸ׺ġŷǼò͵ĵطǲþнҲǮ⻹Ǵҵһ˵ôĻȻе㲻ϰߣſˡľһЩڹӼѵ£һţɵҲʼģӣľʼƽ

˵һᣬʮ־¿ɿڵĲˣҲͿʼԷŷɵһ˵ձûңҲĸ׵ļҲһߵʵ˵ģǰֽʲô

ɵȻĸף˵ǰˮӡɵŶһ˵ͽӰɣͷɵ˵ѹֲء͵˵һ䡰׳աɵЦ˵ҡһۣȻ˵ٵˡ

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ѹɵ˵춼úɡ

ɵǺЦ˵֮ء



һٷԵôҶܸˣӣľϵİȴҶʱѾˣҲ໥Իؼˡ

ɵصңϴ裬Ȼ˵ǰ֣绰ɵӴ˸绰һ仰ʣ裬ձнˮĴô

һ£˵УˮԽձңʮǰʼ⣬ڼ¢ձҵˮԽҲǹԱءǼڶıƵģʲô

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⺢ӽôˣ˵Ůɣ㵽ôˣ

ûʲôʡɵ£֪ԽŮ𣿡

ô֪ɵû˵˵һŮ֣ȥϲҲС

ɵŶһг˵ģ͹˵绰





                   22 

ںܿ͹ȥˡɵһһĥӲݵŸֻֿӰ㣬ȵȣȻնͬѧ˯ŶɵȻִ˲ƣ

ʽѧ֮ɵȻÿˣⱾɢ˵һֽѣ֪Ϊʲôɵȴһź

һѧɵͿʼͷʹϸһһȵѧԺڿѧͿʼġÿεѧԺΪλΪ£ԽҰϿ¿ζɵ취һҪһѧԺʮֳɹ

ʵɵĸϵӰԽҰͲش£ʲôʲôֻҪɵͬѧǰһվŮȻ֮ͣԽҰƫƫͲȻԼ½ĻŮѣҪϱ̨硣

ȫӵ˶˷ܲѡѧУŮšɵ⡣糤СִһλܲǵŮңӽУʼһֱɵշԼʯȹ¡ɵšΪһɭ֡ԭ򣬶λС糤һֱԶ֮

ĵص㶨ڻ磬ԽҰŲ鲻Ըɵ˵ɵСִ֮ҪӾݸľѩ

Сִųľžµױվڻſڵǡɵ΢ЦӭȥȴӭϺɵһľѩСִһľѩɵʵ˭

ɵشľѩ˵εľľѩСִЦһɵ˵˵ֻԽҰ𣿡

ľһ˵ӺͻϱݣҲûʲôаɡ

ԽҰһͽŵģæɵʹɫɵӶЦеĿһһ˵ԽҰֻ֮һߴԲһߵҧгݵĶɵ˵ɵҪǸŪˣԺͱҰϰˡ

ɵԽҰȻеˣЦĶСִ˵С糤ȻѩѾˣһɡվţҲС糤Ĵ֮ɡ

ľѩɵԼ֣ǸˣСּɵȻô˵ˣҲ÷˽档ԽҰһŻɵа취㶨ѲŮˡ

֮ɵһ̬ɢ̬ȣܿСִöݳľ籾ʹµԱµЧСִֻ͡һ˲ܴЭ飬ǹǵѡСּҪɵݣɵƫƫԸݳκνɫ˫ⷽ涼òһʱеΡ

ԽҰҶ˵ֻöСִ˵С糤ǵ´ɣȵɣҪѵˡ

ľͲɵСִݶϷҲϽ˵ǰãѵʱ쵽ˣȸǰɡ

ɵû˵ľеȵСв˵ѧԺϾҪʼˣھͶͿˣҪѵҲһʱɡ

ɵСִ˵С糤ڽԷǳϸƵģٵˣҺԽҰᱻúܲҵģʱҲûˡԣǻȸǣѵˣɡ

ɵκŮ޷ܵģСֻĿɵ뿪˻硣

߳ԽҰȲɵΪʲôݰǣȫУŮݵġ

ɵԽҰļ˵ÿѵҪʵ̫鷳ˡ

ԽҰŵ˵Ϊ

ɵ˵ɻ

ԽҰһĵԼϴŵɵ֣˵㻹ûһ㵱ӳľ򣿾Ϊ˲ͲˣҸ㣬ҪΡ

ɵ˦ԼʹĲɵԽҰ߶ȻԽҰ֣ϰԵ̧ͷһԶͨݵ·ǸѾŮΧۻ֪ıӰɲô



                   23 

ԽҰڷ㶵ΪʲôϵʱɵѾķɱȥˣһһ߻غţֻԭԽҰľѩͰ䲻ӮŮĵϵһ˧ԴûйһǵжԵˡ

ɵĺعͷȥɵһõЦɵļ˵ôˣ

ϰܵľٶҲƿ֣˵һһ

ɵȵǲѵô

üޣżһ졣

ɵЦ˵ֲء

ʱԽҰľѩѾ˹ԽҰ˵㣬ôˣ

ɵһһͷر飬ЦŶԽҰ˵£ԽҰѵٰɡ˵ҪߣԽҰȴһסɵ˵ҪҰϰҲԣӦǾС

ɵ̻һ˵ǰɣԽҰҲ̫˼ˡ

ԽҰȴһ㲻Ӧ̸̬ȡѵõһ䣺ʲôǣ

ԽҰϻش˵ѧԺ򲿺ͻһݵĻ磬ɵҪǣʱҲɡ

ɵԽҰһûдӦҪء

ȴһȤ˵ŶһҪɵݻء

ɵдı飬۾յǰ˵뿴ô

˺벽ܿɵƣüë˵ôҿЦ

ɵһЦ˵ݾݣһΪʱһҪ˵ŻعͷԽҰ˵ˣٰ˵һ̵ˡ

ԽҰԭأβ˵ûɣɵȻΪ뿴ݻĴӦˣ

һһֱû˵ľѩʱҲŻعԽҰ˵ղǸǳᵽ㣿

ԽҰͷľѩ˵ҾɵǰһءǲӦǵôоϵͬһĺð

ԽҰ𲻳ֻһֲõԤ

λѾԶĴ˧粢֪ǵĴţԶ汾



Сʱ콥ɵͶһֱ֮һƨ˳ϣ˵ˣ춼ˣˡһδӣɵ̾˵ôˣ㶼ȥԷɡ

򣬿ɵҪϢӣҲûа취ֻ򣬱˵߰ɡ

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üʪȫǺĸ첲ԼϾ˵ˣҡ

ɵ̻ίı˵ҶΪģ㻹ҡ

бɵһۣϰˣҲ˵ȥҳԷɣϴ衣

ɵûд𻰣ֻһЦ˵һô

ͬʱķֻһɫͷӺڰ˳潡˾

棿ɵȽгôˣ

΢΢Ц˵Ϊʲô

ɵȻкܳʱ䶼ûпˣȫ˵ʱҲûڣ;е֣˵ܾûп˰

ʱǰ˵˾ʲôʱģ

濴º͵Ц˵絽ģ˯һȥѧУŷûѵ͹

ɵȥˣȫıûȥ

ĵ˵ȥɵһܵľȥ϶йأеƵģͲ˵ǱվˣȥҼҰɡ

ͷ˵ɵջԡ΢Цŵһɵֵε˵ҶıķˣͲҪôĽoҰɡ

СһŰ˵߰ɡɵ΢΢һЦȥ



                   24 

ɵңɵȥϴ裬Լȵȥ׼ȻˣȻֻԷ£ñﻹеɵóһЩá

Ȼ߽æԵ㲵Ŀɵһæһװʵ棬ȥʲôȥѽҲǼ͡

ϴŲ˵һͣ漴ּϴŲˣ˰ӣɵΪͲشʱЦһ˵㲻Ѿµ𣿡

ɵһۣº͵ĹʮȵЦ˵ѵĸйأȻЦţʵǳ

ȴϵĲûΪɵ΢΢̾˿СĸףҲҵ̸һֱҪС㲻ϡϴλĹϵֵúܽҲ֪ġ

ɵϴȾƵӣһʹͷ棬ڴ˵

̸ϾСķ໤ˣҪȡǿֶСȥ˭ֹˡ˵΢΢һ٣ӹһ˿ӵĸ飺Һǰʱȥ̸̸̸С¡

̸ôɵԼûвļС

̧ۿһɵչһԴɬЦ˵̸̬Ⱥܼٽ겻СȥˡԺ£ֻһһˡ

ɵ˿ȴ־лǳģһʱҲ֪˵ʲôĬţɵȥϴɡ

ɵһ̧ͷԼTͶ̿㣬΢ЩͷʪવĵˮЦЦɵóëʹԼԡҡ

ŴҶûгԷɵֻǼ򵥵ĳ裬ͳ׼һȴסˡ

ֻڿߵϣα۾վŴĸͷԶ׼ĳᡣ˲ûн̸ɵȴ֮һֺȻ͵˺ѲһַΧĸоȴɵͻȻһ״ѹһ˿ԼҲƲסؼʡ

Ϊ̫Եʣ沢ûзɵѾˡɵ˺һᣬŻع˦˦ͷЦ߹ȥ˵˯𣿡

ɵ˵΢΢һ漴ͷͷѾˣصɵ˵ȥɡ

ɵͷ߽׼еĶеơⲢɵ磬Ǹղŵ龰ȷʵ̼ûȥԼΪ˵ķ⡣

Ĭ˺һᣬ˽֡ͣеĻɵ˵ϲСİɣǸʾ䣬õȴǿ϶

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ΪᷭȴɵĻش֮ЦˣɵЦе㲻ԥĽһ桭

ЦݴۻмΣҲϲСʱʼ¶Ҫػһӵء

Ż᲻ԶΪȥ

ⲻʲô浭˵ֻϣԼϲķʽ

֪ô

أ֪ϲô淴ʡ

ɵҡҡͷ

Ϊʲô

𰸺һɵǣһʮȵЦ̸֣ϲڵԸҵİɸϾⲢ˶ܽܵİɡ

Ц˵㻹ô԰˼֣˵С˵ǲһģܿóϲһ𡣡

ŶɵָһƦƦӴյǰ˵㲻Դף

ȥģһƿɵǰδеֻࣺϣСãܸСҸһ֧ġ

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̸֮Ʋǰӣɵʼƽ˵ı죬ǢŪ͡Сʱ󣬱ѵõ߲ɳߣɵЦ˵㻹ѵüʱ

ЦŽӿڵʡȥ𴲵鷳ˡ

󻹷ǳ⣺˵Ĺϵʲôʱôˣ



                   25 

һܣɵæԼ벻ԼȻԼ

ӵѵ֮󣬻Ҫȥ硪һǳİ£ɵһӣһйף

СִʱɵҵĽľѩʱ򼸺Ǵ粽ĶţԽҰһڻжнɫϾ֮࣬ƯŮԴҲʧΪһȤ

ŶѵĴȤɵҲֻһ߰̾ԼѲһȴƵӦˡ䣬ɵľѩֵСִĹƣû뵽ǣȴľΪɵѾʼԼˣɵ˺ܴ鷳˺

ڵ˻ݳһ죬ɵҪˣϺͷ򵥵Ļ˵ױʱ仹磬óֻ绰

˰죬ͷιһɵûü˵ЦѾ˵ɵǶˣúñְ

ǡ֣ɵ̾еͷʹȻʱǰ˵Ҫݻ磬ѵͣءȻӣľŵЦšҲˡ֮Ļɵŵ绰ֱ˵һģȻ汱Ӷˡɵڰݻüֻ绰ͷһ䡰׳գѵ绰ҡɵ̾һ𣬽ӶŲĵ绰̷Ż



š

ô˰

ѧ˵ѧԺҪ

˵Ҫݻɡ

š

ɵ룬ȻһǴ䣬ԽҰںɵأ͵ˡ

ɵӦһĹ˵绰ȥ׼ȥˡ

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̨ĵƹСִݵŮϳ̨ϣ˵ŮǺƯ

Ц˵Ưôס˧ء

ѵõû˯ţؿ̨ݳƹͣĻᣬ·ǴĸоɵһͷڳˡȻһͷ췢źͷɵźƽʱ̫һĸоٻƵĵƹ£ɵü쳣ᣬϵЦ˾ůſţԼûɵһ

һСʱĻܿ꣬Ͳ֪Щʲôɵȴӡ쳣쳣ů

ɵص̨ҴҵĻ·Ҫ뿪Сִȴ͵ſڣɵܳɹǴһȥףһ°ɡ

С糤ɵ΢΢Ц˵ǱǸһԼѣȸˣ˵ɡ

ѵôҶܸˣһɣ˶ҲȽ֡СȻġ

ɵüôܻؾȻľѩɵô

ɵתľպԼ漴΢΢§סľļСִЦ˵С糤еûʹһģǸˡ˵Żӻ֣ӵľ߳˺̨

һţɵ̷ſľ΢Ц˵ľһңԼؼҿ𣿡

ľѩڸղɵ§סԼļУֻǺͷɵȥϣҲûעľı飬ͷתˡ

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ɵһȭȥ֪˵˵ŮˣҶ㻹ءƿƵĴյǰݵô

̨Ц̨ϵɵӿһ˵ůȴûбֳֻǡšһ˵аɡ

ɵ̾һ˵ڶҪˣžûа

һЦ˵ѵС㿴Ļ綼û˯ţ㻹ô

ɵһָȻһߵĲӵɵ˻磬ѧУѧԺûʲôĽĿ

ɵһʱûײӵ˼

汱ҲҪѧԺˣҽ汱ǴأѧԺҪ죬ǹûʲôɽġ

ŶɵΪʲôһҪˣҴǵɣſܻһЩһĻ

Ц˵Ǿллˡ

ȻɵǳϣԸһ𣬵֪ǵﲻģҾͽ˵һĿʵǲ󣬵Ҳֻþľĵ򵼡һĻԽҰˡϵĶӳ汱ӵһϲιֻۣҧгݵİɵûһ㵱ӳľˡ



                   26 

ڶ磬¿κ̾ȥݣѵǰӻйһѧԺ¡

ߵſڣȻ˽Уӡ

ͷһЩԾ

ѧҲѧԺĸ֮һͬʱǲӵĹͬѧͩ벻ΪʲôǶЦ˵𣿡

ͷ˵̸£п𣿡

еΪѵ˵ѵҪʼˣ첻𣿡

ŲЩĪЦЦ˵ӣ¾Ȥģңᵢ̫ʱ䡣

ӿı飬룬ָԱߵһСƬϢ˵ǵǱȥ˵ɡ

ߵǱߵĳ£Ȳʣȿ˿ڣӣεѧԺ򲿴ʲô

ҡҡͷ˵û

˵ѧԺһȫУĻݣÿҪһĿ֪İɡ

ӵͷ֪л˵ҲڡȻ˵򲿴ʲôĿأ

ʵǲͷʹ£ϿһȦ֮󣬲ӺѾˣ򲿵ĳƣĶһᡣ򳡱ϿһھưɵĶϡ򲿵ĶԱװɷӡţǴɷӣȻŮ򲿻һˢǰѧԺ˹˵ǰܣΪܻӭšʵ벻˭ȫУбʲôĿôҲûʲôıݲܣȺͯƽֻҪͰӷˡ

Ųʹı飬صһЦ˵ҽΪģһԼ֪أУƻ˳Уء

ĳԾˣ㲻ڿЦɣ˭

ȴϻش𣬿ڳεĿϣŲԶݣƵ˵ӣ㻹ǲǵѧӮɷ£

ӵͷѵ˵ôܡ

ʱһһ꼶СѧܣδЩ̫ˡϲӵĲ²⣬˵ֱҲȥǵǰѵӣҲı۷ˡ

ӳԾĿôͬѧ֪ǸôˣҪĿ˵۷֣ʵ̫ס

΢ЦջؿݵĿ⣬ŲӣȫıһδȫˡһҷˣȻҲЩСŮһΪ㷢ˡ

ûС

ʵûҲûϵˣϣҵȷеƲԼҡҡͷʱҶеĽ㣬ֱ׳վߣ򡣡

û뵽ȻԼ̹ϲ£һʱ֪˵ʲôֻǿһоȻ¶һˮ

ҲֻǼӵʱ䣬ָ˳̬ҽ첻˵ϲµġЦЦֻǺеϵѡȫԺһֱռ飬֪ģҵĸδŽ磬еڸռУҾȻɷ˹ĸ׵¼

˵ĸףӳһĸѾȥˡ

ǵģӡͷԶ벻ʮǰҲ汱ѧڵʱΪδȫձŸŮˮӡ

Ļһʱ˵

Ҹ׵ʱĸ׵ѧҵʱҲڶ׷֮һڷǰʱżĸ׵Ƭֱһģӿ̳ģر˫۾һģһ̾һʲôϵȻҸ˵ѧһҵͼ޸˵ʱǳİԭȻȥ

ĬƬ̣ӶʵĸºѧԺʲôϵ

ЦЦ˵ҲŲµ˰ɣ˶츳ĸףϻһԴĸ׵츳

˵ᵯ٣ʵںٵӡ

ֹǻᣬ̧ͷݣھʱѾùŦԼжͯٴһȽʮμȫٴһ·ȴʱеý嶼²һĪڳרίҲۼߣȻľǰϦĸȴͻಡȥȱϯ˾

Ŀʵأ

̾˿ûкˡ



֪Ϊʲô˸٣һصձǸУȻѡĸ׵ĸУ汱

û뵽ϾȻ۵Ĺ£Լһֱ۰Сѧѹʹʱֻ˵ӣһķٵġҽ㣬ϣ˵ȫУеһҳϣԼǻ˽ĵģǣҲϣٰɡ

룬΢΢һЦ˵ллЩǣҲԼԸ¡ԼҾµģǸˡ

ŲӣĬһ˵֪⣬㲻˵УųҲȥġУŵʷĸιųҲ֪

վͷ˵һӱܵˡʲôҶ֧ġ



                   27 

һֱ£ﻹǻججģֱŲӵУѧ㣬ôˣŻع

æ˶񣬲ӻָЦ˵ѧԺ̫뵽ʲôõ𣿡

ҡҡͷҾǰŻ֮ǰľˡѧѾӦѽһЩưõıӺΣѧ˵·ȥ裬ֻҪû᳡ˡѧУݵĽĿʵǲ֪ôء

̾Ӳ̧ۿ˿ѵŵˡһɫ˶ĵӰ𪾫¡˵Ļа̾ϧһ˵ݵ£ʵڲУôһϳ׸ɡ

û뵽ӻô⣬Ҳûõİ취ֻ˵ǳʲôأ

ʵղҲ˵˵ѣʣ룬ӵСһһ׸ҲʧΪһǳõ⣬ϸһ£ӣþͳӵĶӸôӵɫҲᳪҲͲ̫ų⡣

۾һտʼֻһûа취İ취ľ뷨ܺá

ò׵ȵѵӽټ˵һѧԺ£Ȼֱ˵ӶԱһ𳪸뷨Ȼ޳ɵģֻҪӾͻ˵ҪȻݵĽĿԵϾͻ

Ǵǿվöӣûа£ӾȺϳһ飬һҳЧ

Ÿճ˵һ䣬ɫͱˡߵĸߵ͵ĵͣӣľʱʱܵʵѵǴ֮á

ò׳ˣҼ̫ѨɫʮѿһʱҲ˵һСᣬڴҵĹ£Сĵһ䣺ӣǿ𣿡

̧ͷĻӻ֣ɢˡڳߣӿӿЦòȴûá

ŸղŴ߰ĳ裬Цǰֻİ취ˡ

ʱ߹ӣؼɡ

ҡҡͷӺ͹˵߰ɣһ˾һ롣

ǻ˵ʲô·ҡҡͷ˸Ӹ˱𣬸Իؼˡ

ڳ˺һᣬӲվݵţһʯ·УſȥûԶȻҲУŵģ㲻Ҫˡ

ӳһ̧ͷһ·ߵĻ̳վˡԼߵǸ㣬˵УŵųپšһԥӲվһĺ棬˵ʲô

ϣٿǿǡ

ûʲôɿǵˡ

Ҳĸ׵ιųŰҲϣܼ̳ҵɡ

Ҫҵļ£Ӿøӱ䣬һֱ͵˽ķŭУҪңҶ㲻

˵겻ٸپκͽĻᣬתߡ֮ͻȻͣĽеѧ㣿

еεЦЦ˵Ҹղ·˵

ͷҲ˵ʲô Ҫ뿪ӿһۻԭصپţס˵ʱҲˣѧɡ

һ룬˵ͷһ߳Уš



ڲ͹ӻ֪ڣȴ˵ѧ㣬ǲ֪ʲô

ӿˮһӣҵһӾͰЦ˵ǰѧ˵˹£ǳԾء

ͷ˵Բǰûи㡣

Цļ磺ɵӣԼ飬ûҪ߱˵ġ

ŲЦĬƬ̣Ȼ˵ѧ㣬ȫУݵĽĿӻûбȥɡ

̾ţͷʹΪϳͲС

ܿĽӿڵǽĿ¾ͽҰɡ

ӳԾ˵Ҳ֪ǲѾҹ㣬پŸ˵Щʲô㣬ҲϣǿȥԼϲ£ѧУݵ£һ취ģ㲻òġ

ѧ㣬ẰһůⲨʵپų֮ǰһ˵˵ġ

е㲻ס

ʵûз١һϾҺ֮ܵϵˡ

ӿŴһȴͬʱֺܼǿųһõЦݣˣǾͺúüͰɣ룬ӡǺǡһЦ˵ȻΪһ£ѧԺǰᣬһ֧ɣ˵žԼֱ̫ˣֵĻ齱Ļμӳ齱ŮӦûܶɣ

Աһߣ˵ѧ㣬Ҫ

ȴͲĻᣬЦգ㿴ֻҪῪʼһ֧ͿԶں˯ˣ˯ٹҪȻѡһֱһŮͣΧ㣿

űȷ黹Ҫѧ㣬ϸһ²źǵľ



                   28 

汱ѧԺܿҪˣɵѾ˵汱Ǵ죬ѧԺ죬⼸һֱûмҲҪȥ汱ӵ׻ʲô

ѵǰɵһСӣЦеĴչȥĵʣһ֪汱ѧԺʲôô

һһɵʣæ˷ܵĻش˵ɵѧ汱һҪѩǰܣѧУӰ죬Ҫء

ɵЦеҲסˣ᣿

ǰһûпɵķ˵һʲô齱أֻҪȥݵСưѵ˶г齱Ļᣬе˿ϵϺһ֧衣˵汱ŮȫΪ˷ˣѧУöŮҲԾԾء

ɵһĻ㱨˵һԴչԵԽҰ˵һ䣺Ҳ˵ˣϻкЩŮҪȥء

ɵǿһЦ˵ͬİɡ

һҡҡͷ˵˵㱾ѾӦˣɵѧȥģ

ɵһܣһ߻˵ʱе£ԽҰٰ

ԽҰҧ˵ɵãһɵܵûӰˡһһɻ˵ΪҲŮҪȥɵѧܴ̼˰ɣ

ԽҰߡһֲֳָҪʲôȴְղס



˵ɵܵ汱ҵݣһһ㶡ûʲô仯ڣŶԱϰɵŴҶֵĿͷе㲻˼ءǺǡЦ˵Ҷϰ

ӣľ̲סеɨͷʲô

ɵҲһɻԼ˵

߹ȥʣʲô£

ɵ˵ǳȥ˵ɡ¶ԥı飬ɵյ˵һһ

۾һͷԹ˵ӳҽǰ𣿡

ɻĿɵղŵһϲ׽Ȼɵôôһʱеԥ

ӣľȴһߴ˵ӵѵ𣿴ỹҪû᳡أ׼ߡ

ʱҲ߹ЦЦĿɵ˵ʲôҪ°ɵǲ᳡߰ɣôõͶ̫˷ˡ

ɵЦŰ̾ԼͶÿɷĵһͷǹѵҿʼֲû᳡

Ҫʱ򣬲Ӻһ˱һݡɵ˶һ㶡ǺӣľܹȥĶӿɵЦ˵ϵĶӳ汱ɨְ

ɵһõЦ˵ҵҰ

ӿһ㶼ûвڵӣҪٶ٩䣬һߵĹǿеĶ˵ʣھͷҰɡԭûǰȥķ·һɫİ׳£ɫᣬɫ㣬СӵϣӦǷǳ˧ġ

ӵͷкŴҹ·˼첻Ҫٵ֮Ļ¼ɨβˣôһؼˡ

·Ǵкͺɵһ˳ȥĿıӰ̾һ˵ɵĹϵǺء

ӡšһӿ˵ʲôʱôõİ

Ű׼뿪ǵĶԻתͷЦ˵ɵѵôܷŹء赭дһ仰ԭеһǣٿ˼ЦҲͶɢˡ



߳ݣɵʲô£

ɵ̧ͷ˵һ˵ҪͳнŮ裿

ͷɵһüë˵ԭİ

ɵЩŵı飬˵㲻Ϊİɣ

ɵ϶ĵһͷ˵ҪǰûΪӵôడ

ɻĿһ˵ûѧ˵ֻҪһ֧ͿԻȥ˯ˣܻġ

ɵһŵı飺Ϊ

׳գ˵ҪȻΪʲô

ɵ˿ȴЦ˵𣿲˼ŮӵĽŰɣҪȻȽ̽㣿

ȴͲûб˵һһղŴӦ˵ġ

ɵﰧ̾һ֪ԼӲϤ򳡣һСʱɵڰ˵ˣ컹л͵ɡ

룬ͷʼʰɵƤЦĲȥ˵ҿϵϰģҳԷ𣿡

ƳһۣɵЦݴŵƦƦĸоȴůĵϲʰöתͷɵ˵ͣȥȥ

ɵһֳͰ

ü𵥳ߣɵںУû˵ȥȵҡ˵쳣ĳһЦһԶˡ



                   29 

գ汱ӭʷһ졣

СưɻûȫţŮ棬ߴߴ˵ͣд󵨵ģֱӳ嵽ſʣأôûŮӣľ޲ߣû취Ůӵͳ

ڻƽǼһ߰æһ˳㳢ԼŮԷھæ֮ڿʼӦ

ɻҵһֱϢʱ٣ӣľһû˯ѵͲһйһ£ϸȴһ㶣ꡱĻҲ˵

ϴ췢ķ·ͨİɫºڳ㣬ɫᣬɴϣԵüڣƤ𪣬Լʣ˼ǿҵ𺳸С

ͬ·ϣȴǶ˼аͳСӣľϣ˸е档

Ȼع̾˵ҺʱϢʱ䣬ҪȻЩŮ÷ˡ

ԱߵĹǵͷЦŶ˵ãѾ齱ĺŶȥˣһûأ¿Ӧñ˻Ҫ˰ɡ

ӵĻ˶һߡǲ˵ʲôӣľȴðŰӵΣտɥ˵ӣѾˣϢһ£Ҫ˰ɡ

Ȼδ䣬Ѿһ˹òĻԻͰ㻹ҪѵҪȥǲŸˣȥҲݸ˼СϷӻ׼һЩСƷ޼Ѿ˲Զʹˡ

ӣľͷģں̨æµЦ˵ǰӣľԽ࣬׬ǮҲԽ࣬ѧ˵ǮӵĻѣѧԺҸĩȥء

𣿡һܳȥ棬ֶ˾

Цŵͷ˵ȥ϶ܽȫκס޳ԷǮԴҪŶ

ãĿĴҸӸɾʮ㡣

ԴɻĿŲӣ̫׸ղŲ˵齱ĺŶȥʲô˼Ц˵Һ͹һ£ÿˮǳԶ˶ţ̫ˡԣÿֻһٸţϺһ֧˾ʹһٸ

ͷϢʱ仹һᣬкӣľƽ˿ˣֱӽ°Ҹط˯һᡣӼһţһºһˮ˸Σ߹ȥʣûгԷɣԵ㶫ɡ

׼۵һӴһɫȹˮΣվԼǰ׼ܾȴƳԻ谵ĹӺŵı飬۾β˵ϣ·ʲôһ£ܾĻͻȻ˵ڡӹˮΣ˵˾䡰ллεİװûгԷȷʵеˡ

ѹԼ飬ĬĬ˵һߣԼӵһۿϲ˵ˡʵԼܸ֮ʲôֻĬĬһ߿ʵˡ

ݵʱܿ͹ȥˡ˵˵ŮȻǷӵӹһѺ䵭ıŮǶֻԶԶǰԾưȻ࣬ȻǳԶԶû

లµĹһ磬Ӻ⡣ڵˣߵ㿪ʼ벻ݾѾɽ˺Ϊԭ򣬻кܶЯֵġ

ڿ쵽ߵʱ򣬲ҵæµӣĽһֽӵСҪϸһѹס˵ȥٿ˵´һӣɫɫȹǳ崿Ưͷų齱ĺӳȥˡ

ߵվ򳡸ĳԱߴļ̨ϣ齱ʼϷǳİӽӻ˻ΣȻֽȥһźųչ˿11š

̨кŵŮæȷԼеĺţӿԼеĺţһƬհףڳ֮ǰģȻǡ11š

ãȻеĺţ̨ϵĲǽ˵ŮѾˡ

Ҳû뵽Ȼӣ΢΢һ㶣˿һߵӣľ̾˿վ˹ȥ



                   30 

ӿԼ߹ûдȫֱָǰվǳŵ΢΢Ϲ֣һĶ

ȫŮļ

һԼַϡлǧٴεĸоȻơһǼ䣬Ӱʼһ֧衣

Ϊǲģû뵽һѣĿ῿ϣӾԼǸˮЬĻҹ

̰ɢıɵζӴĵмӸᡣ֪ԼһӶкܽӴʱˣ΢΢ͷߵΪǸĴۣҲϧˡ

ɵպֵʱϵ᳡ӵִϵһ˲䣬ɵоĪļʡĸоݼţɵȴ쳣ᵽһףжôϣԼǸܹܽӴˣһֱѹĸһ˲伸Ҫɵþȫסеĳ嶯һ֧ӣѾһ롣

ʼ½½裬ɵܿҵСưڵأ˹ȥ

ʱɵĮ̇ߣ۾ڵƹҫЩ粻ӣľ쳣ĿųˣЩʲôڷƽһߵĵĿӣľȴûйȥοֻйǣʱؽŵĿӣ裬±ܾ

ɵЦ߹ȥļ磬عͷղЩı̱ƽʱɵˡȵʲô

ɵҡҡͷָָӣľôˣ

Ц˵ ǿ˸裬ܴ̼¡˶ٴŴı˵ɵ㻹ðɣ 

ɵ¶ʮЦ˵ûãһ

û뵽˵һһ㶣漴΢΢ǣԳ˵ǲ̫һ

ɵ̫˵̫һʲô˼Ҫȴ˵֧ˡתͷȥȻ߹ɵЦеӭȥ˵ûǲ

ɵûж⣬šһֱߣɵ߽ȥ˰ɣ汱䣿

˿²ɵʣʲô

ɵû뵽ôʣһ˵汱ѧԺĻ¡

Ƴһۣ˵ġ

ɵЦŴյǰ˵ҪȻҲһ֧裿

´ɵһͷУ

ɵû뵽ȻôˬʹӦҪ˵ȴ˵鵽ŵĻû⡣

ɵɷıҪ飬ȴһ˿Цɫĵƹ¾һĹƻ鲻Խǰһ㡭

ɵԴ˵ɳƣ۲ᣬԼҪ۲ȥһɵһ߽ԼܵľӦñܿȴʹһá

ɵһʱͻȻӣľһУ꣬ʲôôòл˵

˶һɵȷӳ԰ԼôĳϼѳֲסȴѻָƽյЦݣԻе㷢˵ӣľء

ɵнָ߳䵭Ϭͷ˳ȥӣľվſڣʵ׳գʲô£

ӣľ˿ɵǺ˵ǳȥ˵˵ҲӦȥüû˵Ҳȥ



                   31 

ǿӣľǰŵ߳ȥЩǵĶԲ˵û°ɡ

ӻعͷһۻڷӣ̾˿֪Լôǲˡ

Ǻ߹ɵЦŶԹ˵ģҳȥ˵ҲȥȴסɵҲҪһͬȥƽǣ˵Լ£ҪԼģ˻ǲҪֵĺá



˺٣ĶԱȡ߳ȥӣľбڶ£Լ

߹ȥӣľû˵֪Լ˵ӣľҲῪڡһСᣬӣľʲôĵ˵꣬ǲҲϲӣ

֪Ҫ˵ĴƲƲ죬˵˾䣺׳գǲǳų鵽ˡ˵תҪߣӣľȴһס۾΢΢Щ죺ҪϲҪãҪǴݶģ

ӣľŭ֣׳աҲϲҲϲ

ӣľԼֽø˵㿴ʱ𣿲ϲΪʲôϣ

ӣľĻû뵽ƽʱӣľȻôϸʱ򣬾ʱӣľѾһȭ˹ΪԼúþͿ̤˵𣿡ˣӣľһȭھҪյʱǱ˷򣬴Ҽϡ

쵰ŭˣҪô˭˯

һȭһȭĴʮغϣֿӣľȭջǴֲǣˣеѪ

˻ŶԷһᣬת˵׳գϲ˼ңΪʲôֱ˵

ӣľߡһ˵֪ϲ㡣

ʱڵϵӣľ˵㲻Զûл֪ϲϲ㡣

ӣľɫĬƬ̣ȻһЦ˵ҲˣҲйˣԭˡ

͡һ˵ȥɣѧǿ϶ˡ

ӣľͷݡ

˿˽·Ȼˣеҡ˵϶ˣɫɵģ˿ֿȷû²һ漴ӣľ컹нĿأͲܲк𣿡

ӣľɥ˵ӣҲ̫ƫˣϵ˱Ļء

ŴֺĿЦʱɵߵߣĵʣû°ɣ

ҡҡͷɵ˵߰ɡ˵ŸǴ˸кתȥɵЦеĻӻ֣Ҳ˳ȥ

ɵţղǹӣľܵİɣ

ͷһۣתͷû˵ԹԵǰߡɵϰԼ˵ûʲô£Ҫ˵ҿǻʹŶ

͵ͣסӣɵ˵˵ʲô

ɵôӦ㶣

ɵ۾˵ɵղ棬ʲô

ɵ˫ˮһԼʧ۾ͣƬ̣ȥƽЦݣأһһ˵㣬Ҫ㣬𣿡˵ŵĿķӦĻش

峺иֳһãŬʲôȴһʱ벻סɵ鲻ԽľЦˣǶôˣһҲûʲôɣ˵治ҲС𡣡

룬ͷɵȴ̾˿ѵע⵽ˣһܺõԼʱ򡣵ǿȥӣͻȻ䲻κˡìܷ飬Ҳֻϲһ˵ʱ򣬲õɡ

ѧУ˹䣬ɵһȻζ˯ӣЦ㣬ǾͻȥɣҲûʲôġ˵ŷ֣Լһ㡱ʵ̫ȻֱǾεϰһѿڶɵĳƺҲܵȻ÷ɵи˲ѡ

ȥȡ˵ߵУſڣɵﳵСģϳȴϾߡɵɫ֪лҪ˵Ҳվԭصڡ

ɵ˵ϹɣнĿ˵Ҳڵصɵųʧ˺ҹ֮С



                   32 

汱ѧԺһϣѧԺĲ֡еŶһĿ汱ѧ𾪵ǣ򲿳Ŀ˾ȻƽʱЦ㣡

ԼõĿʱò˼顣ʱЦеĸߴ˵ĿѾ˵ʱ򣬴ûбʲô̫õϣҲûϸʣ֪Ŀʱ⣬˶ըѡ

ʵԼҲڲ²ǲҪֶӰ󣬵ϸԸ־ò̫ܡӣľֱӳ嵽ǰҪʲôĿͲҪֵʱ򣬲һӣľͷϣ˵ӣľҪǽˣϾȥȥӣľź޺޵֡



ߵ׼ʱʼɵ絽˲ٳҸõλãȻɵߡ

ɵ˳ķ򿴹ȥֻӣľ汱ĶԱһԼ֡첽߹ȥɵЦ˵ôˣ

һ㵭˵ı飬ָиţڴмϧɵ΢΢һЦ֪ҪʲôĿ𣿡

ɵҡҡͷ˵ֻҪҹû˵Ҫʲô֪ɣ

ЦЦûңҲµõ

Ǵɻ˵Ǵİɣ

澪ȵĿһ漴Цģ㻹

ɵһۣɵҡҡͷŶ˵ͱˣ͸¶һɡ

һߵӣľҲҪ˵濴ĵĶõѣиֳһ˿ů⣬룬ȥ˵һЩ˼صǰеƮ翣ССʱǲġĸףҲС̵Ӱ죬СͿʼ١

С٣ӣľе㲻ԼĴظһ顣һᳶ˳·˵ӣľѧ˵

ЦЦ˵Ǵ󲻳ٵӰɣʵ˵˺ܳʱӦء˾۾ţ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵Сż̳Сַ츳ʼֽո¶ͷǡھʱһβͻŦԼжͯٴһȽʮμȫٴ˳˵һϸϸʹʼӣͣס˿ڡ

ɵѿʵأ

濴ɵе۾תͷܿĽӴΪ﷢һЩ飬˾ȻС㿪ʼϲٺֻձǾͶ֪ˡ

Ļ˵úģ˵Ĳȴ֪ǲĸ׹¡һҪ׷ʵ׵ӣЦ˵ݳ쿪ʼˣĽĿǵһŶǻ׼ÿٵôɡ

ô˵̨ϿȻѾ˰ڷźø٣ϾҪʼˡ

ɵŴڶڿ̨ʱʣʱ򵽵׳ʲô£Ȼ÷˸٣

عͷԾĿһɵЦЦʲôСͬôģ

ɵЦе˵ǰôеģԼú˺ܾһ˳ء

ʧЦɵ㻹ǲ֪ʲôк߰˵ͣһ£Цȥ˵ɵС£ҪԸ⣬һԼģһԼ㣬𣿡

ɵű棬֣صص˵ͷ

ʱ̨ϵĵƹȫ˵˿֮󣬿ʼĻ棬ǻӭӵΪǴٶࡣδ䣬ȫŮʼУȻнĺšRukawa֣һһɵưΡ

̨˳ɵԼһ̨ͣº˶٣ת˲ɴ˷ļС

һõüΪİɫڶһ˿ߣŹŵĽɫŦۣںϣԵ˵Ĵҹ΢ķ磬ʱЩĺɫ°ĳֳɵӻ߳NarcissusϣаԼˮɻ꣩һѣĿƲԼĿ⡣

΢΢̨¾һߵٱ¡̨ϵƹȥֻһƹ͸档һ̨£˵裬ĸУݳˣɣۣԼƽ̧ʾ⣬ٳͻȻ䰲£һ»еΪ֮һ



                   33 

Ǳҵˡ

̨£ɵָڸӣǿüϼı飬żĽмǿ̨֣е˶ܸܵ߷Ƿƺȵ顣

һˣ̨һƬžվϹȻ̨ߣʱ̨˲ŷӦһʱ׶ŮӵļУòϢ

ɵᡰꡱ˿ƳߵоȻỨɵе棿

濴˿ɵĨȥᣬԴʵЦ˵ĺܾûС㵯ˣ̫ˡ

棬ɵﷺһԼҲ˵ƺοƺǼʣЩʲô֪˵ʲôֻļ

̨˿ڽܶǾϲضһ޶ѯʡ

ĲͷţСӾȻһְһ߸ͣӣľļ磺ߣֻ껹ʲôǣ

˺һᣬŴǵħצѣɵ߹濴ۿʪģ˵ɵЦ˵úܺð

һͷԸ֮ȻɣɵĻ˵ǵȻҪ˵ģͻȻֻˣǸһЦ˵绰ǻδġ

绰ɵ˵Ǹ˵汱ѧԺݣĿˣҹȥкһ¡

ͷɵЦ˵ȥɣҲҾ֮ˡ

ûؿһۣ޿κεתȥˡɻɵϵѵûô

ɵһЦ͹ˣͲ档

ŶһȻؼˣأ

ɵɻ˵ĽĿڵһΪؼҰɣ

ü˵𣿡

ɵǺǡЦ˵ķ񰡡

תͷȥֱߵӺ͹Ա˵ѧ㣬ӳȻȥˡ

˵˵ҪȥҹأҲһɡ

ҡҡͷ˵ˣȻؼˡ

ӿһԱӣ̾˵ðɣȻȥϢɡ

۸ںɵ߱ʣ㻹𣿡

ɵҡͷ룬ûѧԺʲôȥıҪءһţһ߸ֵ߳ĵط˳űԼȡɵͻȻʵ㣬Ϊʲô٣

ڰıӰһ漴ųɵĬĬ˼ӣתͷû˵ɵȥҼҰɡ



ɵһĹԢ汱ԶһΪߵСĹԢʮһ㣬ÿֻ˼ңݣʮֵ徲

סҲһҵķӣɵĹԢҪһЩ԰ɫ׻ɫΪЩɫǷǳļ󷽡ܴ󣬲úܼ򵥣ĹǽϵҺӺͿȥͺװɫɳܴزԱһССĲ輸һѰɫΡɳԱһߴɫҶֲֲıϷһܺɫĸ١

򿪿ĵƣָָ򣺡ҪʲôԼȥðɡ

ɵߵ䣬֣һȴûкȣֱڸǰɵ˵ɵҵӸɡ

ɵġšһһˮ־ʹָк͸ղŵġˡͬ滺ᣬ˲Ծ崺ĸо

˼ӣḧźڰ׵ټ˵㲻Ϊʲô˸𣿡

ɵڸղŵУôһʣŻعԸ𣿡

ټͣһöɫļϣʵûз٣ֻٲμκα˶ѡ

ɵɳϣλã߸պÿԽҶֲ￴Ĳͺһں߼𪾫¡ţ˵

ʮʱμӹһȫԵĸٴѾǾھǰҵĸףΪͻಡȥˡ

ɵһ˵ûвμӾΪ﷢һЩ飬û뵽Ȼ

תͷɵһۣһּʹ֪Ϊʲôĸ׻ͻಡ𣿡

ɵŵĿ֪Ҫ˵һֱĵ׵ܣľȻһ㱡ĺ



                   34 

ϣҴæ˴֤ͺ輱æϻؼȥȡƺڼѹһԵЩҿһӶ˵һĻ

ɵ̵ı飬鲻Խѿʵʲô

Ŀɵڵͫƺףɵδı˵ҿһֱ׵Ǹ˺һŮڿɳȣͬʱһĻ赱ʱಡЧ

ɵһʱ𾪵˵֮ǰ˺ּܶ裬ʵȴκһּ𺳡ܼ̣ȴǳ˵һСɵΪʲôԸӣҲΪʲôֲһ

ɵӣתվߵشǰ⿴һᣬųŪĿ˵ҵĸĸǹϵĶޣ֪öĽѡֱ֮ǰҶһֱΪǸģȴǳϰɵ˵ϻν氮ô˵һ䣬Ѿã

ɵɳߵһͷܹż˿ɢıɵζɵ֣ӱӵסһҪɵĸ첲ɵֱս߽˵𶯣㡣

һ㶣ֹͣɵͷļͷһᵫȴ쳣ᶨ˵㣬ϲ㡣ŻǲţҶ㣬ҴӼһһֱϲ㣬ʱô任ϲ䡣

תֱɵɵûжĿ⣬Ҳ̹ȻĻ˺һᣬ˵ɵҸ𣿡

һ˵ղŵĻɵһֱ֪Լ᲻ΪԼǸͬ᲻ƲԼ˿̿仰ʱ΢΢𣬴һ˿ζûһ˿ӣһֱŵŷ¡һģԾͿʼ¶Լ޵еʮЦݣ˵ǰǷϲ𣿡

ɵֱ۵ʱ˵ɡζŨɵãȴһ˵˵ǰɣֵķֵֻ÷òᰡ

бˣֻøղŵѹֺѹƺɵЦнɢɳ˵ɵһֱ֪ϲһĸоǴǸɱģʼһҾðĵҪ׽ĸоҲ֪ǲϲ룬ǿһ𡣡

˵ⷬɵֱһͻľϲˣܵеľľ˵ǣǶеģ㲻𣿡

Ӷɵ˵𣿡

ɵ͵ҡͷ˵ҵȻ⣬㣬ŮΨһˡ

ǹһԵЦݣɵֱۣչȥסһǣ૵㣬㲻֪жమ㡭

ɳӵǣ˺һᣬű˴˷ֿɵ˵ɵһסɡ

ɵһ㶣漴Ц˵Ƿҵ𣿡

һۣ

ɵͶ˵ð֮á



                   35 

ԽҰ⼸÷ǳ֣ɵ汱ѧԺ֮󣬾ͱе㲻ÿϿοʼٵȻϿ¿λѵʱʱżԼһ˱վڳмɵЦŪڼҪƢԽҰקĻȥˡ

ѵûʼɵڳԽҰһڱֹһ˵ɵ쾿ôˣôò

һķԼСӣһ˵Ҿǵ͵֢״ɵѧһˡ

⻰ȴɱľѩһʣ˵ʲôɵˣǸ˭

ԽҰһһŵӣæ˵˾䣺ֻǲµĶѣѵˣˡ˵˼æˡľѩһڵأĿԱߵɵ֪Щʲô

ѵɵѸʰ궫Ҫߣľһ߽סãһе㡣

ɵתͷ˵ʲôϿ˵ɣҸʱء˵ҪߣľһסҾһ仰ᵢ̫õġ

ɵЩĿľ˶٣΢Ц˵Ǿʰɡ

ľѩɵ΢Цʵݣ˿ʵãǲ̸ˣ

ɵû뵽ľȻʳ⣬һ£ǱߵЦݣû뵽ľ㿴˰Ǻǡ

˵Ҳ൱ڳˣľѩֻһƣЩҪվסʲôʱ£Ϊʲôһֱ֪

ɵеʧǵľѩе㲻ģɫʵϲѾܾˣֻһֱұ׶ѡֱȷ⣬ǲſʼġ

ʲôľֱԼĶ䣬˵ֱžɵôȴұ׵ˡ

ŷľɵ̾˿Ҳ˵ʲôת뿪ˡߵſڣɵͿԼԽҰɵղŶľ˵Ļô

ɵͷЦ˵㿴ǿЦô

ԽҰӣҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪һû˵ϲʲôء˵Ŵյɵʣ˭ʶʶҲ̫˼ˣҲǽܽܡ˵棬ѾһԵˡ

ɵֺֺЦǰ߱˵ʵԽҰʶġ

ʲôԽҰϽϣһôǲʲô㶯ĵرŮ

ɵͣ½Ų룬һĶԽҰ˵ԽҰǲõѣ

ԽҰɵӣһ㶣˵Ȼǡ

ɵ˵ҵôҾⲢҲܽܵģԽҰ㻹᲻ᶨƵ֧ң

ԽҰɵô˵ǳԾϸ룬˵ɵϲʲôˣֻҪమģһ֧ġ˵⣬ԽҰɻĿɵһ˵ɵòϲʲôз֮˰ɣ

ɵԽҰɻӣЦõ˵ԽҰֻ˵ϲŮˣ

ԽҰڵˣλعԽҰָɵ˵ˣ

ɵЦеĵͷԽҰüͷ˵ѵ㣿

ֵɵԾˣףԽҰô֪

ԽҰƳһۣû˵;һ㣬û뵽ϲˡ

ɵ˵ûô԰ɣˣ˳һڰȥһסˡ

ԽҰ˵Ϊʲô⼸ٵԭɡ

ɵͷ˵ǰԶˣҪÿ𴲣ûٵˣ˵ʱɵȴһ۵Цݡ

ԽҰСһ˻ɡ

ɵЦ˵㿴˰˵仰ɵԽҰ˵ԽҰлл㡣

ԽҰ֪Ϊʲôô˵ᡰߡһʲôлġ

ɵЦЦ˵е飬˵˵ףѡҿóĽҺģĸмѡ

ԽҰɵ˵ĻۿЩ΢΢죺ղѾ˵ˣֻҪమģһֵ֧ġֻǣɵ»ǲҪԴ˵ĺã¡

֪ɵԽҰĻе˶ܽܡʵ֪һܴһ֪Լ㣬ΪϣܽܡˣҲǺںŷҲһǲԼҲ˳Ȼɡ

ԽҰЩжɵΣͷɵȻһѽˣһһҪٵˣԽҰ˰˵ԽҰԼһ̵ˡ

ԽҰҡҡͷЦ˵ҲֻƵסһ˰ɡ˵ҲУŵķ߹ȥȴûע⵽£ɫҰ׵ľѩ



                   36 

ɵϵ԰ߵʱѾʼˡɵЦеĴչȥ˵ô簡㡣

һ˵ٵˣ׳ա

ɵǺǡЦ˵еµˡ˵ͷ˵ҸԽҰ˵ˣ㲻ɣ

ҡͷ˵Ҹ˾Ҳ˵ˣҳ綼֪ġ

ɵšһҪ˵ʲôͷ˵ʼˣȹ˵ŽеӸɵ˷ƣɵ̾ʼÿı޿Ρ

Ѿɵʰ궫㣬Ҫʲô

һ˵ȥǼţɡ

ɵЦ˵ţ˵ǼݵϰﻹǸء

бһۣɵ˵Ȼҵķǲһصġ

ߡһ˵ȥͰɡ

ǰɣ㡣ɵҽһݵˣ˵˻Ҫȥ˾

۾ɵ˵ͳ͡һζ

ɵٺһЦ˵òҿϰƯԴ˰ɣ

ת˵ģ㵽ȥȥ

ɵ̾ȥȥȥĸҲȥ

ɻĿɵʹı飺ôѳԣ

ɵһأ˾񣺡İ㡣ûӪģ䲻á

һŽɵӣɵٽȥ˾ɣҲףһǽһڰ

Сһһʲôףġˣȴʣ˾ģ

ɵһǰ˵Ҿ֪ˡȻ˵׳գ

ɵһ̧ͷҪ飬ȴȵĿǰ治Զĵطվž˵ӣľȻǾ䡰׳աǶӣľ˵ġ

ӣľɵǣŵ֣૵˵ǡ

ɵתͷֻ΢΢ü˵׳գô

ӣľ˵Ǳʲôһ˵꣬ɵǡ

ڽһݵӣͰ͵Ļɴ˵

ɵӣľı֣ӣľıҲЩȻ֪ӣľ֮Ȼܣ˵ĸȴû˵ġȻ֮ǰȻ˵ں˵뷨ɵӣľ뷨ġ룬ɵЦеĶӣľ˵ոȥʲôأӣľҲһûԷɣһȥ˾ɡ

ӣľãȻĿһɵȻӲĵͷ

˳Ĭ߳С԰˳ȥɵȥǼ˾ꡣҪһССİ䣬֮ӣľʣ꣬ɵʲôʱʼģ

˵һǰ

ɵ˿ˣǵ̸̸˵ҳȥˡ˵߳䣬ֻӣľˡ

ĬƬ̣ȿڣ׳գû°ɣ

ӣļ̌ۿ۾飬ΣӣľȻЦָ˵꣬һʲô飬ʲôûɵֲʲô˵£ġ

˿ɵģӣľĿںġӣľ˵ɵҲһʯͷ˵أЦŽ˵ӣľǽǆ

ӣľһ˵ʲôܽܵģɵɲҪ۸꣬ҪȻҸûꡣ

ɵû˵Ѿߡһ׳ա

ӣľ˵꣬ڰأʲô̬ȡ

ۿҪɵæ˵ô۸أ˿ˣ׼Էɡͣ

һٷԵ֣ɵʼδģܵõԽҰӣľ֧֣ɵ˵һǸ˵¡ɵ벻ǣһӰǵĴ鷳ڴʱϢչ



                   ŵ԰

ңӣľһֱڼΪŵˡ

ڹʧ50κӭҵĴ졪ҿ˳ľӣƯһ󴺷ҵͷȻû뵽ǣӵʶΪҺһˡ

ʱѧУ̨ϡӦ꼶Ĳȥ̨ʱ򣬾ȻԼҵѱˡҳԾǣһ꼶ˣȻһһüΪ𪾫µһ꼶ꡣǵɾȻǡ˯

ȵӴҴҸʱҲ֪ԭһֱӰŵǸ㡣

ɱĴһܣҶĿ࿴ǣǸԵĴܸ֡

ʵѾ㲻ҼӾΪӻΪƣҲòϵǣʵ̫ãΪŵңڶҲ޷

ǻǾܣֻദķʽѡĳ˵ʵѵѾɼõѡ˵ǣеĵλѾƽǲˣ֪һ㣬ԼúܳԾ

һֱΪϲӵģÿοӳճյĿֻʱжֲĸоȻҸɺһܡ֪Ϊʲôֳʱ鲻ԽܹȥɵһʱòרΪҵ̲ʱӿһԼ޷ݵĿϲ

ӵĴԽԽ٣ҲʼԽԽŬϰʱμӡʼΪֻΪӵĿŬˣֻԼ㹻ǿ󣬿Ժս

ѧԺʱҿһ㡣һҾİģŵģ߹ģԶԶ㡣ǵģҵ磬ǣ

ӵʱҵһθеһּʹǰδеʹҼ޷һֱΪΪӣֱɵǣܵ˵ЦϾҴδǳЦʱּʹһ⧲ϮʱףԭһֱϲŵģȻΪӣ㡣

ϧ֪뷨Ѿ̫óϲɵǸɨͷȻҲϲҲòϣɵȷǸˡҪǣɵϲҲһҪϲ

ҿóֻ껹ǺںҵĿģǿѹסеѹָЦװһûʲôˡӡ˿ı飬Ѿ˾ġȻİˣһúֵܣϣͬһ裡



                   38 

ڶ磬ɵԽҰһԷԽҰɵ˵ľûѧ

ɵ㶣ŶһųԷԽҰɵûʲôӦ̾˵ɵʱǺ񡣡

ɵ仰˾²ʣôͷ񣿡

ԽҰһۣ֮ͥ²Ҫеô顣Ҿãʱ˻涼ǳصļһͲܱ˵ĸܡ

ɵЦЦĬһᣬȻ˵ԽҰҺģֻٸκϣƽ˵Ҳκŵġ

ԽҰЩԾĿɵûпôĵĶԹκˡϲ㰡

ɵǹһ˿۵Ц⣬˵ֹϲֱò԰Ρ

ԽҰһı飬ɵֻȻˡɵóֻһסˣԽҰչȥֻֻʾľѩĶţãѧӣѧУԱߵĿȵ㡣

ԽҰźɵȥ𣿡

ɵ˵ȥɣվҪ˵׵ġٰɡ



ѧ֮ɵֱȥѧУԱߵĿȹݣսţͿľѩڿλϣ泯ŴţԼķ򿴹ɵľ΢΢һЦȥĶ档

ľɵʵãȵʲô

ɵҡҡͷǳĶľ˵ľԺǽɵɡ

ľѩɵȻ˵һ仰ϵЦһɵ˵Ϊʲô㾹Ȼô˵ôĻ

ɵǱĿľѩº͵˵ѾԼˣɲҪ鷳

֪ľѩһЩ޺޵ģû뵽ԼȻܸһ

ľ˵㣬ɵ˵Ȼ֪ˣҲûʲô˵ˡ˵վҪߣľȴ˵ɵϲ㡣

ɵӣһ˵ľǰʲôĻĺܱǸ

ľ˵Ϊʲô㲻ϲңҵȲ㣿ٺÿҲеİ

ɵᵽв죬ȷʵľ֪Լ¡ûᵽԽҰҲʵô֪Һ£

ľôʣͷ˵ԽҰʱںˡ

ɵаԼ̫⣬һᣬضľ˵ľҰɣѾ˷㣬ٰϱˡҵҸõ˵ġ

ľῴҧ촽оı顣ɵٴȥվߣ߳ŮŴɵãôϲ˵˵ģ

ɵŲһ٣ߣûлͷ



˿ȹݣɵʱ仹磬;ֱȥ汱﹬ǴŴѵɵҶһ㶣ɵ

еӸӣľ߹ȥʣôˣ

ɵЦе˵ؼҰ

΢΢һ죬һۣɵЦ˵ϰɣһؼҡ

ͷתص򳡣ԱߵĲǵĶԻ÷ǳ֡ɵڳ߹ȥʣɵղ˵ؼʲô˼

ɵ̧ͷŲӣЦ˵˼

üЩƣǲʲôǰ

ɵŲӣȥЦݣ˵˵Һڽ᲻⣿

˵ʲôһ˫۾ɵɵûбֱܿһᣬ̾Ϣһʣʲôʱ£

ɵһůЦ⣺ǰá

תͷ˿һߵӣɵ£˵;ǲ̫Ծֻӡ˵̾һ˵ȥˡ

ɵŲ˵ӻҵԼҸģҺҲں˵Ŀֻǣ֪ϣܽܰɡϾһΪŬܶˡ

ӿųԱܵӰƬ̣ȻһЦֻ֪ҵĵܵһʲôѡҶᶨƵ֧ġ˵תͷɵɵɲҪ۸Ȼҿɶ㲻

ɵԼĶͷʹ˵ôǶΪһ۸һ۸һ࣬ĸ۸

ɻĿ˵˭ô˵

ɵһЦ˵˭ӣľ¡

ӿųۡеӣľֺֺЦ˵һΪͲ۸ء

ɵͷ˵ţҲΪͷء

ӿ˿ʱ䣬ѵˣɵ˵ɵ»ǲҪ̫֪ãȻǣӶкܴ鷳

ɵ˵֪˳Ȼɣе飬Ҳס

һҲԣ㲻˵ʲôʱѵȲܹɥ˵ӣɵʲôôã㲻ǿ˰ɡ

ӿЦãһڹǵͷϣ˵ʲôأûӳ

ʱҲ·߹ɵ˵߰ɡ

ɵЦеĵͷվòӶԹ˵һؼҰɡϲ⣬һشӦŻ·ȥˡɵ˲һۣӵͷɵһЦһˡ



                   39 

߳ݣĶɵ˵ѧ˵ǵˣ

ɵͷЦ˵ʲôҵķ㰡

һۣʣǽûѵ𣿡

ɵЦе˵аԽҰˡ㣬ȥ㶫Ҹɡ

˵һһô죿

ɵĿ˵ѵ㲻ķ𣿡

ɵֻԼһʱЩң֪ôشɵһǳ磬˵߰ɣһһˡ

ŵġšһɵţ泵ĵط߹ȥ



˳극ɳϿNBA¼ɵˮ߸һ𿴡

ʱɵһûһĶ˵ۿ㲻ҪˣɵֻȻ

ɵЦŶ㿪ȭͷȥӵ绰ιһ֮󣬾ȵ˵ôˣ

֪绰Ǳߵ˵ʲôֻɵȥšһ˵绰

һ˫еԼɵǿЦЦ㣬ҵûؼȥһˣӶˡ

ʣΪǵ𣿡

ɵͷ˵ľѩġŶľѩǰھӣҸҾܾˡҸԽҰ˵ǵµʱˡ

ɵһ£ʵҪҸһȥ𣿡

ɵһ㶣漴Цˣһȥ𣿡

ѵ㲻һԣ

ɵˮһ۾עԼһůֽӵУͷϣ˵Ȼǣ᲻ί

ɻ˵ѵ𣿡

ɵЦ˵ǵûУֻʱúܣ룬ǵ£Ԥ̫ġ



ɵô˵ߵſڵʱ򣬻ԥһ¡ɵԿ׿ţס֣һš

ɵڿɳϳ̣ɵҪ˵ȴֿɵŵ㶡

ɵЦǣߵǰ˵裬ҰҲһˡ

ӵ˶һۣ´ȥһ˵ĸá

еָ̣ɳ˵ɡ

ɵϽԱߵɳϣ裬λæ˸˰

ӱɵ˵һ̫٣ԽԽˡ

ɵûпı飬һʱеò׼ʲôŸô˵ֻһЦ˵ƽʱݵĶӽôһ仰Ҳ˵ˣȻ㲻˵˵˵ɡ

΢΢ͷȻӽԼ֡һ̧ͷӶԼЩңæվ˵һ䡰Բ𡱡

ɵһվ̸վ㡭

סɵ֣˵ĸҺɵı˴ϲģ˸ţѿˣҪҪУȫǡ˵ȥһȴû

ɵ䲻Ȼ˵һǼʱůҲ˲ȥӵʲôս֣һ֣صĶԼĸ˵裬ϲϣȫ˵ŸҲ¹ȥ

ɵӿǰӣΣһЦɡ

վֱɵǺһ˿Ц⣬ȻɵĸûرǴЦʱ򣬸һģӿ̳һɵɻĽһ裿

վ˵ҪѡˣҲûʲôϵұͶСӡܺð

ɵһѾ˶ĳƺ֪ûʲôˣ֮ǰӣЩɻ󣺡ղš

ֲ᲻صһɵͷ˵㻹˵֪һʲô𣿡

ɵҡҡͷӷ߷ߵ˵Ҷ̸Ҫ˴绰ңСӶҲ̫ˡ

ɵ֪ԭǹûԼЦ˵Ҳȸʱٽ¡صĽܸ𣿡

һĸӶ˵ĶԻֺֺЦле˵Ľĸȥ磬ĸ׵ദԣѾֻһݳ޵Ļˡ

ţȴɵ˵СϣŹСӡ˵չͻȻ˵СƤôãôİ

һ⧲պñţûһӺҶԷɵ裬ûκηӦ

ɵһߵӵ˵裬עԼòá

ʼ磬Ц˵ҴӶɹûԷҳԵ㶫ȥɡС㣬ûɣ

ϵĺλûȥæ˵ǣĸ

ɵ˵ɣ컹Ҫѧء

ӵһۣСѾӦˣȥȥ㣬㲻ȥҺСȥˡ

ɵû˵Ƕȥܲȥ𣿡

Це˵ŶЦݣֱɵĻЦһģһа˹Ȼĸӣȴ˵С㣬ԺҲĸˣҺƵġ

ɵüͷ˵ǽʲô

Ц˵ǶôˣʲôСͽʲô¡

ɵ˶סˣɵ֪Լ˼ά˲һû뵽Ȼô׵Ҳ˵óϸոȥĺ쳱ˣƾ˼ɫ

ɵ֪£´£㡭

˿ɵǵĿ⣬ֿ˿΢ЦſԼӣͻȻӿһůϲɵӣΪӺɵ񣬻Ϊܴһ޾ģȴů顣Ƭ̣С˵ǣ衣Ϊ˵úѣȴ벻ɣһ̲֪Լһֱƺ壬ǶôĿ



                   40 

ӡ衱ɵһסˣ۾̹Ȼº͵ĿӺԼɵͻȻ;ԼۿʪˡһѽӵڻУԴʵĽУ㡭ȴʲôҲ˵

ӻûпʵģ¶˺εĶӣһʱеز񡣿ӵӾԼıҲеģͣƬ̣һ˵һأСǡ˳β˵

ɵӵĻŽſѵһĺ˺죬ʣ裬ȥʲô

˵ȥԱǼй˰ɡ˵ǼҲ͹ݵϰ廹˧أþöûˡ˵Ż¶һı

ЦЦĿһɵɵ֪ڳЦԼǴ˵ϰƯ£ЩΣæӵĻ˵ǿ߰ɡ˵ӳš

극ǿҪҪιۡסĵطңֻûصҡһϣɵĥӲݵĽݹٵĸ״ͳš

ͷ˿˯ʵˡɵͷ˵㣬˰ɣϽȥ˯ɡ

ͷתȥȻɵ˵㣬ĺܸˣлл㣬ҡ

ɵĻû˵꣬ȴͷԼĻ׳գɵ˵˵ʲôлл˵ҪһԵô

ɵЦŵͷȵҺȴջ䣬ϵڶʧˡǴ̫ľϲ͸жһԿܺõһһ׳١

Ȼ䣬ɵ߽Լüͷ˵׳գʲôѿˡ˵ֻסɵĲӣȥ⣬ȥɵϵᡣ

ݵĴ֮ɵʼҵĻӦһ·Ŀİңóһʱ֮󣬴ϢŽƽ

ڶ죬˫˫˯ͷٵ



ڵڶϺ˳Թ֮ɻ˶֮ɵؼҵ·ߣȻ˵ɵĩҪңҪҪһ𣿡

ɵ˵ǲȥˣպԽҰϰϣȥֱӻؼҰɡ

ͷԥһ£˵ʵһ㡣

ɵͷٻԥʱɵĵĻ

ÿһưݳ˾Ƕ֪

ɵһ˵£Цˣ֪

ֵԾˣ֪

ǰɵЦ˵һϿҴææĽһҽСľưɣú֣͸Žȥˡ֪ԭֶӵĹ֡ΪһֱûкʵĻᣬҲһֱû㡣

Ŷһɵ˵ʵһ֪أÿȥݳûи˵

ȵĿɵһۣû˵ʲôɵ˵ÿһȥ㲻ɣ

ҡҡͷɵ˵ڡķ㣬ĺء

Ĭһ˵ݳ󣬽ѧһһɡ

ɵǺЦ˵ðҺܺ棬ôͱ齨ֶӶһ˹أ

˵ʵʼVivianǸҵҡʱʶͬʱصձһǰѧʶ˼Ҫ齨ֶӣպòһ֣ҡ

ɵ˵ԭ˸٣İ

ҡͷ˵ѧģΪָлãѧúܿ졣ʼұμӣǺ֮ҷԼ˴ġΪ˵ͺȼպͷš

ɵڡĵӡҰӣһȼպͷš



                   41 

ɵȻڡ棬ǸĵطơƣߺȾƱ졣

һ֮ɵȻ˵Ҹ˵ÿϿݳˡ

ɳϳ̣ɵô˵̧ͷ˿ɵ漴ĵġŶһ˵˵˰ɡ

ɵǺܽ⣬ͽ˵˵һһء

ɵȻЦЦڻ谵ĵƹ£ɵаǷϵЦݾˡɵ˵ǲѾˣ

ɵ㶣۾ûе٩ͼʣһַǳѯʵɵͷǸû㡣

ҡҡͷ˵֪㻹ǲһġ

ɵ仰ܶ죬Ȼԭ汱ѧԺһ죬ʱ˵ǲ̫һ仰ʱԼ̫ףں֪ˡ

ɵ˵

˵ҪǷҶĸ飬ҲšŲ㣬ֻϣԶԶĿ߽ɵúöϼǿʵܵ˺ˡ

ɵ֣صĵ˵ͷ

Ȼ˲ԼͬҲû̸⣬ֱݳ·󣬹ǡ

з˸ӣ˱ơƸϲɵ

ӣллѧ

Ц˵оĵķʹķأưɵ֪㻹ѧ𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵ΪǴѧ

ɵ˵Ҿ˵ǲδھưݵġ

ƲƲ˵ԼҲδɡ

ɵί˵ҿΪ˿ŲϧΥУģ㻹˵ҡ

תͷԱߵ˵ɵͱ˱˻ˡ

ɵǺһЦѧû˰ɣ

Լ˵ģûˣ͵Ŷء

ͷȻʵܴǶӺʹɣ

û뵽ʳ⣬㶣ǵЦݱеɬǰʼǲܴ򣬺ָˣ͵͵ȥžôѾԼˡǻһβ׵ӡֻдܺȾ£ſʱЩʹһ

ɵ֪ȻһιȥЩԾĿ

΢΢һЦһʱ䣬ڸԼһԼѡģȷ̲סƴĻ䣻ԼϲģȴҪȥɵһֱѧ㣬Ųɣ

ɵ˵һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôȴǰıӶ˵⣬ѧΪľŻʧõĶϧ

ЩȻ˵Ļ̧ͷȴһ˫۾ڻ谵ĵƹԵøҪȥһԼͻȻ䲻ɿƵĿΪеĻңæǰľƱЦ˵˵úá

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ҹѾǳ䣬˳ʱСꡣĦгģ˸Լųؼˡɵſڵһᣬûд򵽳Ϳʼҵķš

տʼ˶û˵Ĭһ·֮ɵȻ˵ô㣬ö˶ϲء

ɵһۣ˵ʲôҲûдɵԳЦЦ˵Ƕڱ˵ĸ飬㶼Ǻɡ

ͣ½Ųɵ˵㵽˵ʲô

ɵ߾µףеᣬ̾˵ʵҲϲء

ɵ˴żӣȻ΢΢һ˿Ц⣺׳գڳԴô

ɵ㶣Լղŵı֣ɲһŨŨĴζôͷ˵֪ǲҸ̫ͻȻеʱȻһֻûʧ㣬˵˵㲻Ҫ⡣

ɵ˵ɵ˭ҵĺãҶ⣬Ҳȥϧǣ飬ֻһˡ

㡭ɵԼۿҪʪˣһЦŶ˵ܻؼȥɡ˵ֿʼ

һ׳աȴǲر

Ʈϸ˵ĽֵϣƵĵƹ£ǣֵ޳ӰЦȻֻعžֻʱĺ飬Զ˱˴˵С



                   42 

صʱ˵·ͷѾʪˣɵһʹϽϴ裬һæŻϸ·˺ȡ

ϴʱɵЦеĵݸһ˰ɡ

ӹ˵ȥϴɡ

ɵ˵źԽҰȥءʲôʱȥң

һߺеĽһ˵ȥ緹ˡ

ɵͷϲŻ˰ɣ

ţͻ

ǺǣҺԽҰԷˡɵ˵ʪͷ㲻Դװɣ

һۣġ˵վҪȥ˯ɵæסͷûأһȥ˯ɡ

ëͷϲ˼£˵ˡ˵žֱߵߣȥɵЦãȷʵˣҲֻ̾һȥǺñӣųȥˡ



ڶ죬ҸǳΪʱ仹磬˵Ҫһ£˾һš

һ·ţ֪͵¥£˵Сȥɣһؼˡ

˵ȥɵӦѾؼˡ

룬Ҫ˵ȻһŮ߹ӺġΪǰԼܶαŮ׵£ЦЦȻ߹Ů˵㣬̸̸

ޱĿˣû˵ŮԼһۣ֪ȤԱ˼װСĻ԰ȥˡ

΢΢ü䵭˵ʲô£

վڶŮӺ˵㣬ϵľѩ

е죬һʱ벻ĶţȻľѩ˵ϲô࣬ΪʲôƫƫҪɵ

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û뵽ľѩľٶһʱе㷢ľѩץ֣Ѳ޵㣬ǸˣôÿһʲôҺɵ÷һ𳤴Ϊߣһˡ

ľѩ˵ߡ֣ɫһ䣬ȵסڡ

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һ̧ۿֻʧǵ˵˵ʲô˭ǵߣ

˦ľѩæ˵С㣬ɱ˵

ľѩȴָ˵㲻ǵʲô

תƿŭٺ˵Ҷ㲻һͷؼңȴɫ԰׵ת˳ȥ

漱æ׷ȥһֱ׷СȴûпӰд󼱣ó绰ɵ

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˵¥ɣ¥µ㡣

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ָŽһŮӰ˵ɡ

ɵ˳ָķ򿴹ȥľѩ



                   43 

ֻľѩڵϣǽĿɵɵ̬ȣŲµ¿϶ľѩйأ߹ȥʣô

ľѩӵվɵ˵ôļ

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ﵣҲȻЩǨŭɵɵԼָľѩ˵ղָСǵߣ͸Сһ⣬ɵһҪ㵽ôء

Ļɵ־ŭʹɫĿľѩԼһһٶ˵ľѩҴûϲ㣬ҲԶϲ㣬Ҳٿ㡣ȻҴӲŮٸȥ˺һŹ㡣˵תҲһֱۣ棺ȥ

һԿɵȻܶһŮ˵ݾĻ֪ɵļˣҲΪҡҡͷ˵СͻȻ˳ȥҽ׷ȥû׷绰ָ˵绰û˽

ɵһóֻһߴҴҺߣ棬Ƿͷҷпȥĵطɡʱŵ绰ϵ

ͷſڷֿˡ

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Ȼȥ˾С԰Աߵ򳡣ûˡ

ȥԼļңûˡ

绰տʼû˽ӣٴֻػ

ϸ룬ɵȥ˺ߡѾȫ̲һҲûУɵȻıͷһں߼龰ϦµȴӰһֶ۶۵ʹӳֱȫÿ䣬ʹ޷

Ҳ֪ںߴ˶ãͻȻֻɵһæ绰ɵģҵС𣿡

ɵҡҡͷȻʶ濴æ˵ûУ뵽ĵطҶˣûСأ

绰ͷ̾Ҳ뵽ĵطˣûˡȻСҰɣ˵Լͻȥˡ

ɵҲеظϣϣĿŽȥһƬûˡɵԼɳϣҲƣںڰУֻԼδйʹְֵǵĸ齻淴ֹ

ſƣľɵĿɳϣϾȻԼδĻ̻ʹı顣۾ɵһӦ˹ߵȣҲһ㲵棬ɵһЦ⣺棬ô죿ҾȻ˺һ˺ˡ

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ˮ濴ɵ˵ɵҸ㽲Сձ֮ǰ°ɡ

ɵ۾濴档˵Сȥ£˵˰ɡ

ɵͷ洹ͷеıӣ˵Խľѩ˵ߡʱķӦŻô󡣡

ɵͷʹ˵ҡ

ڰ֣ɵ𣬽˵СȥԺС̸Ĺϵȶ񻯣С϶̸С̵ģ̸ֲһסҪձ̸ȻǣС̵ɥ°ԺСȴʼԼķʽʼ

ɵ۾˵еҪ֪׷ʲô¡

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沢ûзɵ쳣Ǽ˵Ҽȥѧ粽ĸС㣬һʱûпסͻʲô⡣պʱҸ׵Ĺ˾Ҫһתձĸ׾ͺ̸Сһ̸ҲȷʵСȫûа취⹫ʱҲ֪С飬̸Сͻձ⹫ϲС̣С̹⹫еİעСϣԶС㣬ӦСڸǻձ顣ãСձٴܺȾƣŷеʱͻȻҪԼһ˰ȥסǶͬ⣬⹫С׷ӣװ޺֮ᵽסˡ

һ˵꣬һ۾ƺ˵һλľȫһ

ɵϴһּʹϧı飬ţһʱ䣬žֻǽϵવ



                   44 

˳Ĭڿţ£֪Ѿʮ㡣ɵԽԽǣ뿪ڣ죬ȴʲô˵

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绰ͷеͳɵڶӣľҡ

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Ǳ߱һַɵ˵绰棬̳ӣľȥӣľһɵ˳˺һſƺţһȥűϳ̣ڵǡ

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ӣľ棬ָֻɵ˵Ժ궼ʲô

ɵֻһζֲ˲ǣһ˿ѪӣľŭӣɵȻһЦ˵ӣľȿ㣬ҪңҾ֡

Ŵûмɵӣľ㶣ֱָָ˵棬˯ţ

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ͷͽ˵ҸտʼûпΪǾλã߻谵ǽ䡣Һжڰ̨ϣǸλáһᣬǱе㳳֣ҪܣΪýԶҲû⡣ʶǸƱǲʶֶӵǸ֣ΪһȾơᵽеԾͷ˵ѣôˡ

˵ͣһ£ɵͬʱʣôˣ

̫Ѩִһڲ輸ϻûкȹơƣһڣֽ˵Ʊ˵ӸҹͿʼǱߺȾƣǻѾһ˺ȵƿƣƱҪƿʱ򣬼ƽʱﾭھưµСע⵽úÿȥᱡһΪ׵ĻϣۿҪˡƱԷ˶࣬ԿĹҡ

ҵʱһǱϸžƱȥȻǼ˵ҪܳȥǼ˵ã˾ҪߣߵԱ˵ҪܣҲһ

ʱңеԾҲû˵ġļ磬ҪߣһվǼǰ˵ȻҲһһƬưɽֻеǸͷ³ԹԵʱֻǺ޺޵Ķ˵Сĵ㣬Ҳʹֵµˡ

ɵһֱŵŷ£ֻּ˵ȻҴؼңȴֲؼңȻҪһҾưɡ˵ɨɵһۣɵﷺſɬֻõûп

ܿͽ˵ھưٳʲô£ȥĵطҸĸڼңòڣͻȻ뵽ӣľһסʹӣľҡǿľƣӿڵıġ

̲ס˵ھưɾѾôˣҪƵʱôŵ

Լʱ¶һʹʹҡҡͷЦŶ˵Ҫ£ֹ𣿡

ô˵һ˵΢΢̾ұһֱΪʲôôֱǽ꣬Ҳſ˵ɵʼ񣬡ԭȻ˸ҴŴŲµԭ򡣡

ɵұ绰㣬ǽ֮ҺӣľһֱȾƣ˵ţʵľƻ϶һ˺ȵġ۹ɨɢҵĿչӣһ˿ײʹҵ֪ԭȻôܺȡ

˵⣬˵ˣһʱ䷿ڳĬһֱû˵ӣľȻվ˵ȥǵˮ˵žҪȥȴסе㵭ľ⣺ӣľпô

ӣľŲͣһ£ץץͷ˵Ҵȿȣ򡣡

ҳȥ㣬˵վҼǵøղʱ򿴼ǼڵıǶʮСʱӪҵİɣ

ӣľͷˣҪȵʲôһ

ȸеơƣ˵棬̣ǡ

ͷЬתšɳϷɵ͵̾˿ɵ̧ۣ˵˵𣿡

ͷɵļ磬ݸһơơɵֽӹ򿪣һӣһȥƿ΢΢е㴭ڵذϣɳɵ˵֪Ⱦ֮ƽʱʲô𣿡

ɵãȻҡҡͷ΢΢һЦȾ֮˵Ļƽʱ࣬ƽʵԲ˵ĻڲԾ˵

һߵӣľɵ𣺡֪˶پ𣿲ԼھưȵģʹӵҼʼһ˺˶ʮơƣſ˯ȥ

һӣľֿʼæס˵ӣľҲܹɵ

ⶼҡɵͷУЩ˵÷ܵκίȴû뵽˺ľȻԼ

ӣľɵķӦһʱû˵Ȼڱ󵭵˵ɵ𣬲ô´á

һͷһվſڣ鵭ģЩ⡣ɵ㶣վ˵˵öԣȥ㡣˵Ǳ߹ȥ

潫еĶɳϣóһǣ𿪣һ˵ڸø˵˵˰ɡ

ӹ̣ȼһɢЦ˵һϵʱúء



                   45 

賿ĵʱˡһۣͼɵſڴ˯ˡ㶣еãȻȻϵ飬ͷʹ̫Ѩ˴ȥˮȡ

ҺͿӵûйأĵţߵſڣһۿɳϳ̡ĽǶȿȥֻܿĲЩ粻ӣľһɳ˯ɳһ˫棬ЩΡӣľԱߵĵذϣͷӣľµһ첲˯ˡ

վſڣŷˡһ𳤴󣬴Сͺǻκκ£ǵһ˵Ǹ磬Ҳѣκ˶Ĵڡ

ӣľĲʶȴҲκʱԷ£ԥǰȥæˡ

ǺƾˣеʱԼ˽ͺ˽ԼһȻ룬֪һֱעԼֻһַʽѡ

ɵعͷȥһҪȥ׽ˣЦĵеůȻеʱʽƤϣЩϲƤķʽɵΨһһҪͬһȥһˡ

ԼߵЩˣΪԼĹϵ϶ƣ룬ȻһҪлĸо˺ߣʵԼѾˡ



ߵ汳СؽУ˾

̵΢΢һһγ̻ҵڲ輸ϡתͷæ̣վ

ü͸ŨŨľ⣬ǸȻ˵Բ𣬽˾㵣ˡ

濴΢΢һЦḧգС㣬۲ۣǳ̵ԭȥԴЩɳƣѹҡҡͷ˵һҹû˯𣿡

ɳ˵ղŸ죬ӣľŸո˯š

ͷƳ輸ÿ˵ļ̻Ҹ̵٣ü˵˾ôộ

浭˵ûľƺȵöࡣ

̧ۿɫ۾ʹı顣ͷ˵Բ𡣡

΢΢̾һСܻһ߸˿һʹʱҲǸ˵Բ𡱣ڶ죬ɴܣȻٴһ˻

Լһ취ûУǿЦЦ˵һ˳̣Ҳзݡ

ͷÿڿʣֱߺһĿȹޣڣüͷȥ˵ôôࣿ

濴ı飬ЦԴŵһɨգɵӣǺڿȣǱĦȥһ޹˵ͷȥÿȡվʱȴһ㶡

Լ󣬻عͷȥɵվҵſڣԼҲ֪վ˶ˡ

ͷɵ߹˵ɵʲôʱѵģȿô

ɵкڿô

ͷȥÿȡɵתͷɤӽһ㡭

վɵ룬ǳʣɵûңǲǻľѩһ𣿡

ôʣɵһ㶣漴еһֻֿϯر飬ͻȻһֽҪʧȥ˵ĸоһѱסӵڻУֻҪԼһ֣ͻͻȻ䲻Ƶġ

㣬ԶҲܺһġɵּֿ죬ҴСѧʶˣһϲһˣõȵڡ㣬ңֻһˡҵһۿ㣬ҾѾˣֻʱûʶ˵ɵʼе״Σ㣬ҵһϵˣҲΨһһԶбˡ㣬㲻֪жమ㣬ֻһҴûҾȻһˣ㡭ɵ͵͵Ľ֣˵ȻƵ˵׳գ֣Ҫˡ

ɵæſ֣΢΢üԼȴһ˿ײЦ⡣ɵҪ˵ȴһЦعͷһӣľѾˣһƦƦЦ⣬ӣľ˵ӣľѧЩôף˳׷ӡ

ӣľСһ˵ŲŲ˵ЩĻ

޿ȣЦЦվڳſڣɵһӾͺˣɵ޺޵һ䡰׳աɵƽʱƤٺҲе㲻˼ˣǿԼɵƲסã˵ЦЦɣܵˣǿһҲ뷭ˡ

Ц߹˵ͺá˵Žȵݸˡɵӹȣһڣ˿˵֪ˣ㣬Ҳûؼ˰ɣ

ӣľ˵緹ٻȥɣԱмСܺóԵġ

ͷȥϴϴȻȥ԰ӡҪʱ棺˾Ķ

˵ؼҰɣûдУȻؼȥѧУ

˵ζżҪ˵ˡȥǶϴɣǱ··ٻȥɡ

룬ͷˣأ

ӣľ˵ŽҪڼﲹߣȥѧˣƽ١ȥ𣿡

ҡҡͷ˵ȥˣͷʹ

ֺֺЦĿˣ˵˵ȥͲȥô

˵Ҳȥˣᣬϰϰȥٻؼҡ

˵һȥǶɣɵȥѧô

ɵЦ˵ղǻᣬѾԽҰˡ

濴һɢˣε˵Ҳ̫ˣ벻ȥѧͲȥô

ƦƦЦ˵棬ŵȻܺᲢۣɵ˵Ŵȥ㲻ҲŵôôҲѧ

ɵû˵Ѿһӣľ˵ʲôŵٵࡣ

濴ą̊́ȴůĸоѣò¶˰ɡ



                   46 

ϴǾƣ룬һɵոĲ˵˾Ҫȥѧˡ

濴ĵı飬һůţɵһ˵ǣ棬Ǹղ˵ˣ˯һȥԶٺõģȻȥ򡣡

˵ӽպöԶ͵Ϊǵһɡ

Цŵͷ˵˵ôҲӦˡ˵⻰濴һ˿ĵı飬֪ǵԼϢã΢΢һЦ˵ȥϴɡС㣬ҼǵöıǷ㷿Ĺİɣͷ˵̰ɣɵǹæɡ

ɵӦһó̺̣ܿЦ˵Ҹ˯ϡС㣬ɵ˯ƽʱԼĴɡ

ҡͷ˵˯ϣ˯ҵĴǲɵļ

滹˵ʲôɷ˵ؽƵңһ㶼û˯濴˫ڵ͸ŵûصźţ̾˵Ǻðɡ

ɵЦĴļ˵棬ģ˯ҵĴҺ˯ϡ

Ц˵ġ

ȵ˯֮Ѿˡ ·ɵ߳Ѿ𴲣ҵ۴ʲô

Ҫȥ˾ɵȥͣóԻã㼺ˣһ˵۳ʲôأС㣬ʲô

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Ҫ˵Ļɵȣһ˵ʲôãַּֿ㡣

ûи״ɵѾѸٽһɵ˵ȥ˾ɣǺǣþûгԹˣһ˵Ǿˡ

˵ղſɲô˵ġѽʲôɵ

ɵղŶѸջٺ١Ц˵㣬ȥ˾ɣ

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šһȻʲôƵ˵ѧӣľɣǸ׳տ϶ûԷ

ͷɵüͷ˵ǴͲܶԶˣٽһ˰ɡ

˵Ͽʱ䣬˭ûܳ򰡡

ɵóֻһţһᣬֻˣɵóһЦŶҫԽҰԵ

ͬʱ˵ԽҰѻǵù

ɵһŭı˵ʣⴿǼʡ˵Żһı˵㣬˵ǲǣ

ȵĿɵ֮죬ʧЦ˵ɵ㲻ȥݵӰ˷˰

Ц۾ɨɵһۣ˵һ䣺׳ա

ɵǺǡЦţĸֵĳš



˾ſڵһᣬӣľɵ˵ҪȽȥſڵԽҰ

濴ɵ˵ʱһֱ֪涳ˣͷȽȥˡһᣬԽҰˣɵһ仰ȴǣɵľתѧˡ

ŶɵЩԾ漴˵Ҳá˵

ԽҰüɵôˣ쵽ѧУתѧصҴһ仰㡣

ʲô

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ɵЦŹȥ˵ˣԽҰ˵кԽҰ˽ȥ

ӣľķԶַǷģˣʵϸ˵ֻˣţӣľȻʲôƵ˵꣬ҪȥŶ

ˮһ˵һˮǺɤԱߵɵһıһӣľӣľ˵Ҫôһһէòá

ӣľ˵˭֪ˮȲõġ

һۣһ䣺׳ա

ӣľҪһԵĿ˵С㣬㾹ȻҲסˣ˵ôأ

еĿһ棺ʵһֱ㣬ֻûкʵĻᡣ

滹˵ʲôһߵɵʹˣ棬Ĳġ˵ҺżȻֵģҲԼǵġȥ棬

ԽҰֶ֪ӵ£٣ӣľ˵ݡΪǸٱݣʵǸٱ𣿡

ɵصЦЦ§סļ˵ԽҰʱ֪ˣڲܸ㡣

ĵɵצӣеŵĿһ档ú˵˵ķðɣȣ첻Ⱦơ

ͷһһ䣺Ҳ̡

̾һȥưɲ̺Ⱦȥʲôǰ϶òã棬ˣʵһ£֤ʿɶֹ

ɵĶЦ˵ѧϰʵ֪ʲôǶһ仰˵ôҶЦ⼸ĲЦɢˡ



                   ֻ

һμȥµʱʱΪԼܹȥҵһõɡ˵ĺ½ӽǸطкܳһʱֶ޷ܡ

ǴƤЬڵذϣͷʱҲԼ޷ţһ̣ҵľ˭ҪʹȻһȴ˵ɾ

һ̧ͷȶϵһ˫Ưȴĺ˳һ̫µ̫׾ƤΪ汱ӵĶӷҾԲΪǸ˶Ա

ҸӾȵǣȻҵƢҪһԲȭͷĺݣǴܵһѺ֡

Ҳ֪쾿ҵջǵùգһֻصҿѾõ򳡣ȴҲʶһһҲ޷ǵˡ

ҶʵһġԼһֱôΪȻ˼Ϊ̵ӡ󣬵̸ϲһ˴ڸмǿˣһ㲢֡ͬĮСӡ̡

ĵ׿ӡǶǰļʱżȻϴּĶԱ˵ҵĻֻôﵽȫŭ÷˵ףҲǸ۲۽ĿñҪҪˣȻҲΪ޷ԣķһʱ뿪Ȱ

ҵתͷص˵ҪƵ𣬾Ҫóʵǿʱı齾дΣˮһ۾â¶ҾȻƬ̵ʧ񡣵ȷǺƯǣûһ˫峺ÿóĸɸɾ۾ҲƯùֶѡ

Ҳ֪س١

ʱҿʼעҺ뵽һƬһԽעԽݣԽԽ١

ҷͲƽʱô򵥡

ףȫ칦ϣҿȾƵӡҸҿ϶һǷʲô£ܷƽʱӡȾٶȼ죬þƿƶǾԵרҵӣľֱǲֵһᡣ׼ʱչȥӣľ˼Ȼҷ֣ںȾƷԲĶ֡ȻҵľӦúҵһһģǣ˵öԣŲơ

Ⱦ֮󻰱ƽʱҪ࣬żЩãɫɲ԰ס˵һˣٶľƶˣһ㶼ܺȡˡûгԶȴκ˶ȵö࣬ȴҲκ˶ѡңȴҪȫʧһЦУ԰Ρ

żȻĻᣬҿһ档ڡҺлмһȾơԴֻص򳡣б㲻ҲܻöҲõ£żһȵƣ졣ҿʱҼֱԼ۾ǾҾϴһĲ԰׾µͺˮһ۾гƵˣҲôƵ

ҿʼ̶ÿûиκˡֻԶԶģκ֪ػĸ鴿ûһʣԼóԾ

ҿɵһֱ֪ɵһһĴڡһɵһȼȹ̵Ӳ񿴹κˡɵ˵ȥֳ飬ų⣬ûܰõ

֪ɵϲģƾҲһͬϲȥоɵϲҵ٣ҪȫǡΪжУֻҾãɵǸԴֵˣҵҸ֮ѡһԥѡߡҲǸֵˣɵǸԶغκŵˡֻĶѣܹÿ쿴Ҳ㡣οһŹͬܡÿϵġԼᡱ

Եɵ˵ǿʼʱﲢûкܳԾȻʧģΪ׼Իƽû뵽һڵڶٴοôΪˣĸлϲԸһ˽ӽĻᣬԼҳ顣

ƱֶӵĹҪ˴˵ʱҵ͵һǳ嵽ߵģպһ䣺Ҫܳȥ򡣡

һƽʱĿĵ˵Ҫôһ

⣬ҿȵĺҳ΢Ц΢΢ͷûзԡʱֻиˣΪڽҵԼˡˡ

鲻֮иǣҶ˵ؼҰɡ

ҡͷľư˵ٴһᣬѧղŸ鷳ˣȻȥɡ

ҿˮһ۾һҿ칦Ⱦʱӣ֪϶ַʲôһ£Ҹӣľ˵绰֪ӣľøʵ˭Ҷ˵ȥӣľҵʱûзԡ

ӣľӿڵʱͣ½Ų˵ѧȥ㶫

㶣Ǽұ꣬ͷһ߽ȥһţסˡղžưɵĹ̫ûп֮󣬲ſպţָӡȻ˴һ⡣

һֽڷķŭϯҲսȭͷܵı̫ǺȻϵûз˴ģֻ뵽һ˵֡ɵáʱҷģɵɵģһŹҲٷֽø

ϵı̫תͷʱеԾĽңѧѸٵñ飬ǿЦЦȴõĹһơơüͷ˵ھưɶƿˣٺˡ

ңڵһֻűʹĸоԼһ˿ǿĿ˵ѧˣͿʱЩԶˡ

ʧˮһĺ޷԰Σĵͷ

ߵӣľſڣӣľſڵǡһѿʵôˣ

ûֱߵ輸ԱߣڵϣɳһơԹԵĺҸӣľݸɫȻߵɳϣڵذϣһ޾ƣһڣӣľĬŹɳϣϵĲû׷ʡ

Լǹ޾ƣʼȵڶޣҰס˵ôˣ

̧ۿңȻ䵭ԳЦЦ˵ҳô󣬻ûб˴ء

ûмѧ֣һӣľһŭ˭Ҵ㣿ȥ

ҡҡͷִ³ĵڶ޾ƣͷӣľ˵ҴֲΪʲôҪȥ

ӣľ˵Ǿ˭

ҡͷ̲ס˵ǲɵԼ˶еµ

齩˽һվ˵ȥ

ȴסңһľѩˣ˵ΪɵŲҪġ

нɵǧ飬ӣľȴѾɵǸûڲٵĻ쵰ֹͳȥɵˡ

ҲĲʣûôܺȾơ

û뵽ȻʹĹȥ΢΢˵ʱ춼Сƴƴܣġ

ҸӣľԾ˵ȶ֮󻰿ʼԼ˵ʱˣѹÿ춼ȥֱ򳡺С򡣾һԲ;ʹտʼǳԿͲˡûʲô·˵ű˵һ

Һӣľһۣû뵽ƽʱĮȻһξǰһڡҵһ仰ʱʹɣ˵ҵľ֮˵⣬ʱҲΪһڰοˣûкú룬ˣôܶԱ˵޹ʹİοĻء

Ƕ϶Ľ̸ֻʱ죬ûʶҪȥӵ绰ҲɵģжȲҲûҪɵż

˵˺ܶСʱ£ſڲ輸˯ˡӣľѴ̺ãȥϡᣬϳ˾ζһֺرıɵζ嵭Һ׾ֱܷ

ڴϣſĵƹ⿴Ǻܲ԰׵ջţһҲӰ˯˵滺ľ̵۽ްķ۾ϣһ˰ܹӽʱˣұ۾һȻվȥɵ绰

ɵܿ͸˹档ǵӣһˡӣľɵȥ͸һȭҿֹûС

Ҹ˺ܶ࣬϶ǹ¡һû뵽ǣ̺סԳЦΪ̺ȾڴЩ˵ģȻʲôõϰߣû뵽һԱϿ̾ƶմԱֵϡ

΢΢Ҫ˵ʱˣҿɵסӣȻһֱӷĸоûмɵţУһСһ̣ҶԼ΢Цףǵͬʱ˳Լİ顣



                   48 

ܿ͵ˡɵҾʱϲӺ͹ǣʽףɵһ𡣺룬ӣһǾӿôãӦ֪¶ӵ롣飬ҲûԣǾôˡ

ԽҰ֪ɵֻȥʰöԼȥߵưɽֵĽֿڣȻһΪϤֵ̿˵Ҫʲô

ѭȥСҪһŮӶֶţ߹ȥһȴŮӾȻӡ

һСֹȥҪӵȴȻֱץסתͷһһ˫ڵӣûü˵Ѿһȭ˺ü

վǰĿǰļ˵۸һŮöô

һȭȻǲ˵Ӣ۾㻹˵㡣ֵǣѵѵ˵żһӵϣȻҪԶ١

ӵһ߷ȳˣǴվ棬ŵĿһһġ̡ҪӣľǴ绰ȴƽһܶ

ܿˣһСȻ˵ʶ㣬ֶӵǸ֣ϴλϴһĺơ

ޱ˵

ǸС޺޵˵ҵš˵źһˡ

عͷʣû°ɣ

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Ŷһ˵һǰɡ

ӵͷ΢΢ȥԭ԰׾µߵĵƹȾһ㱡ɫĹ⣬ȥƽʱҪͺܶࡣӳĬһ£˵ѧ˵ֶӵ֣û뵽

΢΢ͷӵĻתͷȥһۣһ˵ʵҲûʲô

ֱߵķŵ㺮⣬һӾԼȴů͡

˶ãӺ͹ǴҴҸ˶һ㶣ôһ𣿡

Ҫͣ˵պˣ߰ɡ˵ȳš߹ȥӱҪ٩Ӽ䣬Ȼ뵽Լûиɵ£̾һҲû˵٩¡

߽ưɣȥλãӣľˣòº˵Ҫȥ׼뿪ˡ

һᣬɵԽҰҲˣЦ˵ɵ˻Ҫٵʵ̫Ӧˡ

ɵûʲôĵǸ˵ǸǸԷ

ùӸһơ˵ȻȲȣӦûǴ´İɡ

ɵʾ˵ȾһˣллҶҺͷ֧֡˵Žӵľһںȸɡ

ɵ㡱гԾŲС˵ѧ㣬ɵ

ӿӣôǣƬ̣ض˵ӣҪ˵һ£Ӧø˵ģһֱ֪֮ģԡ

ӴϲӵĽͣԴδйرԲ˵ǹ°ɣѧ˵ɣûµġ

һۣ˵ɵڽϵľۻΪףǵ¾ٰġ

һʱһ㶣Ļӣ

һᣬӲŷӦ΢΢ЩʵЦŶԲ˵ѧ㣬û¡ӻܣӣľɵСеɫӣһ߸ӣľѧԽҰһ߿ǣһ죬λãҶΪŮӳĵĻ⣬Ҳûдǡ

ӵļ磬Ҳûж˵ʲôĬֱڳ˳ɵ⣬ǵһοݳˡһʱҶУݳһСʱУȻû˵

ŻͲվǰ棬ӣľ˵һ䣺Ҫʲô

һۣɵһЦɵ˵Ҫһ׸衣

涼ԾˣС㳪裿

ͷ̨ϵһƣһ׷ǳϤɡտʼһ䣬ҵۿͿʼˣΪ֪Ȼʲôû˵׸Ϊǳġ

Щһ

ҲҲ

йй

ǵü

氮Żᶮ

į



һһ

ЩӲ

һ仰һ

һһ

Ѳµ

һᶮ

˻ʹ

Ҫ߻



һˣ׶ֻɵһţһᣬɵ˵ݳء

ӣľ㶵˵û뵽Ȼô

桰ߡһ˵СӣȻҡ

ӲͷһӣֻкᣬǻƽԷЦ˵Сӣǲء

һûһ˵ţ·Ѿˣӣľļ˵꣬Ҿһ

žƱһ棬еԥɵЦŶ˵棬Ҹˣһаɣ

ɵ˵Ⱦƶ岻ãܺô໹ûء

ɵùϵľƣӣľ˵ӣľˣˣвУ

ӣľСһ˵ˡ

ɵЦİѱľƺȸɣ˵÷ȵľҶˡ

һ˵ҿɲῸȥ

ɵɥ˵ǰɣ㣬ҿΪŸǺȵġ

ߡһȴº͵ġҶɵˣͼֲֻ֣ԽҰûмɵԾĿɵ˵ɵǰһֱģ

˵ԽҰĿƽʱƭ˰ɡ

Ц˵ǰԽҰϰˡ

ӣľԽҰļ˵ɨͷһֱ

ɵ䣬Ҳֱ棬ֻЦеߣǡӿһֵһһ䣬ֿɵߵٱůȻߵ˵ѧ㣬ĺܺð

һعͷȥӣлǺᣬ˵ӣ㡭

ӳһЦЦʮ˵ѧ㣬ֻҪˣҲΪ˵ġЦݣеڹǲ֪ᣬѹҲижף



                   49 

һֱֵʮˣҲŴӡԻؼҡǵȻҪͲӵģӣľҲԸµӣҲ͸Իؼҡ

ţû߼ȴʮ߹ǶڽϡӣľһסǰȥʣǸʲô

Ϊ׵ǸЦ˵ֶǸ֣ˣ밤ģ͹Զ㡣

ӣľŭʲôҲұŴܡ˵žҪȥȴһסΪ׵Ļ˵˭Ҹʲô

Ϊ׵Ļ쿴˵ڡһľƣִµֵܣȻϲˣ

䵭˵ԭӲĵС

Ϊ׵Ļŭ˵˭ǵС˵һӣһӵϣΧס

˵˾ɵԽҰǻѧǡ˵ŶΪ׵Ļһȭӣľͬʱ˳ȥ

ɵһĿܡȻܶӣľһȭһŵĴܣɵԼҲȭͷǶǽ֣֮ǲһĴܡ

ɵֻ˵ʱͻȻȫˣᣬ񶼱ú䣬ɵԾ΢΢˸ս

ܵķʽֻݣǾǡҪֻסҪҪλȭҺݣÿһ¶顣ȭϵˣϾˡɵһվڲǰ棬һ߽ŵĿʲô⡣汱⼸ȫǴܸ֣Ȼ٣Ǵʵսģûãͻ⡣

ŵΪ׵Ļ򵹣תͷȥɵ˵߰ɡ˵ҲڵŵˣתߣȻɵһУСģ

һתͷΪ׵Ļ첻֪óһӣ˶ýԶæҲˡɵһҪȥȴ첲סͷžһֱӲһ΢΢һƺߣһȭѾݳͬʱһץסһˣһ˳ȥΪ׵Ļ֣˳ȥҲˡ

⼸һǳɣɵܵǰ۾ֱˡߵΪ׵ĻǰĿΪ׵Ļ쿴һ˫۾µġ㣬㡭˵˰죬ȴһ˵

ӣľҲ˹ȥżվɵȥסҡҡͷĶſڵϵ˵ٸҺѵ鷳;ûнôˡ˵ŽйӺݺݵˤڵϣת˵߰ɡ

һȺߵֿڣ໥һһȷû£ӣľ͹Ƕ˵û£Ȼÿ˻ٶ˼£ûʲô˵ġø첲һȻǲᣬԵҶΧ˵ôҡͷ˵ûʲôԽҰԱСضɵ˵汱˿ǲ𣬲Ҳô

ɵﵣˣ֪˵ҲסûʡԽҰô˵ЦЦ˵ǰͯš

˵ţ½½пճˣҲɢˡϳ֮ǰɵС˵ȥһСˡɵͷ֪浣ģЦŶ˵ġ

˻صңѾҹˡһţɵͼæɳϣ£첲ϵˡ۾ţе㲻ͷɵе㼱ˣ˵㣬֪㲻ôҵģԸղŲû׷㡣Ȼ̫ܣҲ֪ղһӾԲᡣղҺúôˣȴҿѵҪʱ绰㴦˿ڣ

ɵûƽʱЦݣʵԵЩ۾нҲ˵ĵġԼûа취ɵͷ˵ɵԲ㵣ˡ

ɵ̾ͷ˵ҿ˿ڣϵҩòã

ͷһ²˵˿Ƚˣʵûôء

ɵһ;òԣôμܣʲôԼӦ÷ǳȻô˵ο϶˵òᣬ뵽ʱһƺߣɵ̱ˣǿѹסеĽǺʹŭɵ˵ҿɡ

ף£¶߸첲Ѿ׼ɵ̲סһ

߿ĸ첲һǳԵϺۼĵĲλеıѾѪΧһȦ첲ѾԵѩ׵ƤţԵʮֿ¡

ɵ˿˿ڣֿ˵⻹вأʱԶȥΪʲô㣿

ɵɫѿС˵Чİ취

ЧɵŭЦԼ˵İ취֪֪˳жʹûһ߿ѹ

ŷŭɵ֪ԼˣǸже飬ɵԼ֣˵ɵʹ

ɵſԼͰ˿ˣæջ֣΢΢ͷΪʹĹϵɫ԰ף촽ЩסɵдʹԼôῴ˾ͻͷȴ˿ڡæˮϴɾ˿ڣȻĨҩ

ɵû˵ҲɳϣɵԼˣ˳ĬһֱȵɵĨҩóһɵTϡȻɵ˵ϴˣϢɡ˵žҪط䡣

סɵ˵ãԲ𡣡

ɵ͵ػͷһνɵ֣ɵӣһ˿Ǹؾǿ̾һʵûа취ܡ

ɳɵ§סļ磬ʵ𣿡

ͷԳһ˿ͷ˵šʹɵֻԼǸֱˡḧķ˿ɵͷԼļϣ˵㣬ԺҪ˺Լˣһʹġ

ۣɵȵϢصͷɵĿЦ˳ͷһǣЦҵķĳ˧أҶҪסˡ

ɵĵЦ΢΢һ죬ᡰߡһͷɵѣɵ̾˵ҵһξԼûأҶﲻæ

ͷ̧ЦЦĿɵ˵Ժˡ龹Ǵдżɵ̲סЦ˵ðϴ󡣡

ϲ飬ҲЦУɢˡ



                   50 

ڶ죬ɵļ£ȥҽԺ׼һ¡Ȼأǲû˵ͷɵǷ

һѵʱûд䣬Ǵһʮֿɵĳ䡣ӣľ͹Ƕ֣뵽ϴܵ£ʹɫܿеҡ

ȥüͷǲ˵úأ

ҡͷ˵ûʲô

Žӣľ˵ҿ˵žҪץĸ첲΢΢ùͷ˵˵ûˡ

˵Ϊʲôǿ

ǰ⼸ˣǶһ㲻ǿߵļ飬ʵЩΣ˵ѧ֪

˵ͷֻӣǿʵ˿ڱѾ˲٣Ǹ첲ϵɫȴԵøȥȻʮˡֻһӣľһ߷ŭ˵ҽȥǰʡ

·ϣҡͷ˵ȥҽԺˣûʲôµġ¾͵Ϊֹˣýִ֪ˡ

ǵͷӣľ˲鲻Ըǿһͷ˵˶ˣȻˣѵгײ

üӦ˵ǵġӣľҲһ˵꣬ǿˡ

޿κεĵͷ˵ֻѵˡ

ŵͷͬ⡣ʱ溰ǣʲôأϰʼˡ

ǴӦһ˼æȥվſںɵĿ˵ĸʲôأ

ǺǺһЦȥ˵ʣϴѧԺ׬Ǯûأ˵Ҫȥô춼ˣǸղǲĩ֯ȥȪء

һ£²˵ءܷһܺõȪĵط۸Ҳܺѵһ£ʣĩȥɡ

ûģĸ˶˿Ц˵УǲӣǾȥѵˡ˵žкˣæѵȥˡ

ѵ֮ҴʰöҪߣӽס˵ѧһȥء

Ц˵ʱе£ɣҶû

ӣľֵ˵ղŻû£ָʲôȥ뿪ıӰ΢΢һץ˵ҲˣȥҲû˵Ҳ˵ҴҾͳȥˡǿһҪӣЦ˵Ǿģʣͺˡ

棬óֻ绰Ѿûע⵽Լˡ

ιмҪæǸд绰Լģȥǰ鷳Ҫ߿Ȼ˵㻹ǵϴξưǸѧ鷳С𣿡Ҫ߿ĽŲ˶.

˵:Ǹ鷳ǵȥˡע㣬ѧ鷳ǰһʲôҽ¾ˣҪԲ뱨ĻҪ˵˵绰Ȼеļ򣬻ͷһԾĽУô

һ˫ڵ۾û˵ǿЦЦ㶼ˣҿû鷳ֻĻû˵꣬лл㣬ůģһȥɡ

һ˵ĸж֪ĹģҷĵĽԼ齻ĵֵܵı֡˽ԼֵܣԼѱ



һ죬ǶӣľҪѵΪɣӣľѵôҶʮֳԾǣӣľһžȻûзԡжԱԾľùӳȻȳľš

ĩȥȪϢӶʮ˷ܵ״̬СؼҸɵ˵£ɵһ˵ҲȥȪأ˵һʮӡ

˵ȫӶȥȥʲô֡

ɵס˵ԼԷȥ𣿡

ü˵С

ɵһ˵㣬ĩͲܼˣҶؿշô

бſɵˣȻʲôƵ˵ǰ費Ǵ绰˵Ҫô

ɵЦŶ˵㣬Ҫϱģ㲻ڣʧġ

һӱͨ죬һȭɵϣ쵰˭Ƕϱֻ۾Ůˣ

ɵɳϣЦô㣬ǺǣЦ

ߡһ˵վͻˡ

ɵšһɳ˵ȥСĵ㣬Ϻӣľܣϴε˻ûȫأ涼ҺüˣҪ֪ƭҾˡ

˵㻹ͦ½˾

ɵ˵˭Ҵء

˵ɵţ˾ţȴһܰյţɢ˿ȥ



                   51 

һ磬汱ӼΪѧԺ˺ܴӣľžͳȥ˽ȪĵطʮңĿĵء÷ǳܰȪùݣڰɽĵطܶǳľȻڶҲԳһƬ

ϰһЩŮˣЩ˵۹˴Ȱǰ˵õһ䣬ǣӣľҲһһֺãֻвӺŮȻסһ䡣

ϰصضҺԺդˣող꣬ûװµģդһܶĴ׸ߵǰˮʱˮˢɵģдҪע⡣

ϰĶвס˾ҪɽӣľƽǱ߱ǰ棬ɢĸڴҺ档װߵߣ첲ϵ˺𣿡

ͷ˵ˡ

룬˵ǰл̲סС죬Ӧò鷳ˡ

šһûж˵ЦЦ˵ʵҲǶ£ʲôʱ¹鷳

ͷˮӸɾ峺̲סһֻ˵鷳ԽԽõġ˵ʱ΢΢Щ𣬼΢ЦִӾͻȻ˵ô˴ԼҪͣˡ

һعæͷԼƽʣϲȥֶݳô죿

˵Ѿ˵ˣͣһݳ

Ŷһ˵ģȴǰӣľСͺں˵ʲôǲû˰ȻǱ

⻰ɫһ䣬ӣľԴˣ˵Ŷ˵׷ȥɣҪӣľǸһЦˡͷ˵һ䡰׳աһӣľܹȥܣҲһȺĳɽšߣ΢΢ͷܿΪܶྻĶͷ;µգƵɢеıɵĵζһֻ̣ϣ·ԶҪͷ



ɽȸȥϴϢȻ緹緹֮ϰ˵пOKҪҪȥ衣ҲģӵOKȥ棬ӣľϴھưɫû񫣬ƽǼСеĿ˾֡

ڲ߿Ա²ص裬ӣľţǱ߿һۣɳһǣۣҪ˯ˡ

ӳ˼׸Ժ󣬷һɳϷ߹ȥ˵ӣ׸ɡ

ҡҡͷ͵ۿһ̾˵˯ûڵصģ㲻úߡ

Ǻ˵ѧ㣬ûС

Ц˵û㳪أͳһ׸ɡ˵ŰƵĵǰתͷֿһ˯ˣ룬һ׸衣

Ȳӻصλϣ˵˼仰֮ѾͲʼˡ



յĽ־

Ҹ˷Ÿ

־

ǼįΪ



ӵһᣬдһ˵ˣģȴֱ˵



ǵİ

·ķ羰

һֱڽ

ŲȴΪҶͣ



İһֱܰ

żĹ

˵ĵӰ

ȴʼղ



֪䣬Ҷ׸ɫӵӣľǶͣӳ衣ӳԼУȴûзͻİȻŵ˵š



İһֱܰ

ҵ

ԭԵ˵

ͻȻ



һ꣬ﾲĵģƺ£ԻζţϰԵĳŵķ򿴹ȥȴĿȻ۾ԼһʱúǾȣһӾͺˡ

Ȼع˵ӣ㳪質ãǶˡŷӳ׷˵ſ佱Ļǫţ͵͵Ѿ۾еʧ䣬ȴҲ

ʱ򣬲Ӹ˵ɻʱ䣬ϢһͿȥȪˡһùкüȻȪĳӣˮʮֺʣ¶ĻܺãԴҴҴҵĳ극͸Իط׼ȥˡ



                   52 

͹ǻطϢһᣬȥԡҸȻȪߵԡſڣӣľСУ꣬㺦ʲô߰ȪҪԡ

æӽȥӣľȥϹһŴԡһ̬ɫ죬סӣľ˵ӣľʲô

һĹǿŤӣɻ˵òǵһȪɣ

Ťͷ˵˭ûȪô˵ڳˡ

ӣľָЦ˵ǵһȪӣֲ̣ȴм̿ЦŶӣľ˵ӣľͲҪˣԼɡ

ҲţӣľŰ֡ʰߵԣѾڳˡڳһ߿ΪȪĹϵƽʱ԰׵ȾһΣںͷˮԵøӵڡ۾ţһĽë΢΢ĲţֻԼͻȻȪˮҪȣֱҪȪסˡ

Գ֮ʣȻԱߵӣľ૵ҿǵһȪҪȻһݵ˻÷ˡһתͷȥȴӣľһͷҪ죬һЦŶӣľ˵ӣľôҪŶ

ӣľ󾽣ȴݺݵ˵С˵ʲô˭ֻˡ˵һˮһͷһ

һ߶ţһ߻֡ӱͲһߵĹǺɱı꼰ˡۣ˿ǣ˵ҵ£ӣľˮġ

ӣľСһ˵Ǳô

һ䡰׳աһ̧֣ӣľʱ˸šһˣҲĲμ˽ĸ˾ȻȪĳˮ̡ƽһ￴ߴ֣̼ս֣һʱԱ׷׶㵽ĳӣ꼰㡣

һᣬˣͣϢ΢΢Ҫڳӱϣ䲻ӣľԱһˮùһ㣬ŵûע⣬ȴһպԱߣҪˤˮˣæһ˵ţСģ

Ƥһ˲䣬ֻһƤֻһĸоԼϴ˵Ѩһá䣬Ȼɻ

ŻعԼץæ˵û°ɣ

ҡͷһӣľ׳աӣľһҪæ˵ˣղŶˣúϢһɡ˵ſڳӱϱ۾ǿѹסԼȻءԼƽ

һߵӣľҲ֣˸λãȪ˺һᣬߵվ۾һѾӳгųӱϵԡҪϹ

ʱıϵƤΪȪĹϵɵķۺɫΪ˶ĹϵȻЩƫݣʮ߸ϸֻԼһʱڸһѪֱ嵽šæתͷһʣô

ʱѾԡʣתͷ˵ţˡ˵ҵķ߹ȥ̾˿һܣȴӣľıӰ

صң·Լֻһɵ˹㣬ʲôأûа

ǲԾ΢΢˵׳ա

ɵڵ绰ͷί˵˼ô㣬㻹ǰ׳ա

Сһ˵𣿡

ɵ˵ˣ绰ءû˵꣬ӵѾ˹С㣬ø𣿡

˵ͦõģʲôʱض

Ӹ˵˵ϵķɻһ緹ɡ

Ӧһһŵ绰ͷɵ˵һߡ˸ҵţұ߹ǻط·ȥԺġŵ绰յߣԺӡ

պӴԱߵĸҳӰ㶣һ£Գᶨı飬ķ˹ȥ



                   53 

Ժ΢΢˸׷˳ûдףϻľ죬Ĵţڶҹˡ

վԺӱɵǱˣʱʱ˵һ䣺׳ավ󼸲Զĵط͵ı۾Ц⣬һֻӲĿ

ò׵ɵ˵ˣ˵绰վԺӵıϣһȴµĿȻ˽һ

عͷǰϻŵ㺦ߵı顣֪ǰŮϲԼӣľ˵Ҳò߹ûж˵

ӳЦЦһ㲻ȻĿܺð

û˵ӵһζ۾˵ѧ˵ɵ£ϲˡ

д˵ɻû뵽ӻ˵һ仰ǵͷ˵лл

ЦЦתͷ˵Ƕлˣһֱлȴûҵᡣ

˵ûʲô

˵û뵽ĸ質ôء

еֻһ˵ĸ質Ҳܺá

ӱΪ˵ʲôˣȴͻȻ˵ôһ仰㶣еһ̣糪ĸĻˡһգһ꣬ȴһɡЦһﺬżκԳʵһֱϲأֻû׶ѡ

Ҫ˵ʲôӼæ˵Ҫᡣ֪ǲϲҵģɵ飬ΪǸе˵ġҲĵϣҸӼ˵ȴԽ˵Խǻң¶ĴýףȻʹģǿһ˫ӿȴͻȻҪĸо

˵һ˵Բ𣬸ˡ˵תҪ뿪нϺľײһͻʯͷϣӲԾؽһԱߵȥ

һҪˤˣһסȴµһûվȣˤȥ

ʶԼһȻϵʱϰ˵ԺդˣԱһˮˢĹôСġаһȻӣŽһӣ

ûлӦе㼱ˣվȴͻȻҽһʹ˻ȥһұ߽ܴһ飬ǹʱŤ˽šһӣ

ԱСشӦ˵ĳķ˹ȥܺڣһʱ䶼ûӦֻܸݶԷжϷλˤȥ֮ǰһӣˤòԶߣû°ɣ

˵Ťˣܶأ

С˵Ҳǣˤʱ򻮵ȡ

ʲôƵһͨշ˵ֻڸղŶˡ

ӵ˵ԲҪңҲˤ

ںڰ΢΢ü忿ڹһ࣬˵õǸҲǹġ

Ӷ˶٣ʵô죿

˵Ƿǲˣǰɡ

ӡšһ˵еߵŮЩûдףԼ׷˵ϡ

ӱף滹ȵϢ˵أ

˵Ҳ䡣

Ž·ϣͷȥ۾Ӧĺڰǹ⣬ܹõµһ˫һϵǡ˶û˵ӱ۾Լϲ˵ϢȻСϵʹţȴֻĻϲ

Ҳ֪˶ãۣϵ˵ձҪأҲ

۾û˵תͷȥȴ۾˯ˡһӼ˵˯ţġûзӦȴ־ȻһƬûһ˿¶ȡ

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ȴ߽Ƶ˵һ䣺裬䰡һӴסˣ᲻ؾһᣬӲŻعֽס˵Բʱȡůɡ

ӱƣľԼҲҪ˯˵ʱ򣬺ȻڽԼ̧֡ϸӣľں꣬Ķ

Ӽæվӣľ˺ü飬Ȼǰһӣľֵ棬ӺعͷȥСӣǶ

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                   54 

賿࣬ɵֻˡɵһߵԹһȥôϵĵ绰һʾĺ룬֪ôģһһĸоˡ

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绰ǱͳԴɳƣιɵ˶٣ɵһǲǷˣ

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ӿųɵһҪŵӣԾ˵ôˣҪȥģ

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ſ㶣̾ҡҡͷԼķ䡣



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̧ͷ˵ҺûתɷףûˣҺء

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е̣˵ҽԺﲻó̡˵Ŵ̨վת˵Ҵ㿴ȥ

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ӣľڲɳϣɵʱûע⵽ĬĬؿԱߣˣҲû˵

ɵһᣬվתͷſӣľӣľͷкˣ˵ô£ǻҴ绰úõģôȻͷˡ

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ҹҽԺﲢûʲôˣȵĵƹһ룬ԵЩ谵ԼĿȣɵ˵ʵûʲôرģΪҪסӲˤȥûס˶ˤȥˡ

ɵüе㲻ףˤȥ㷢йϵ𣿡

ףֻý͵סùݺԺһĹǰˮʱˢɵġˤȥ˶Ť˽ţϲȥûдףͰԼ׸ˡ˯ˣǷǲ˲ȥǣʱʱѾ˺ܾˡ

ɵſȣͷû˵αϣͷܿɵʵĲûһ΢Цı飬Ķſȣ֪ʲôһᣬȻ̾˿ɵȴû˵

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                   55 

ʱӸɵ绰Ĳôɵ³ɳ˯˵ӣľŵ¶̨ȥӵ绰˳ӹʱ緹

绰ط䣬ɵסˡվڰڵǰĳ񣬼ûҪŽȥҲҪ뿪һСᣬɵһеľС㡣

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ɵȻ֪ΪӵĹϵŷյģǿǰŮƣı飬ֵĻôҲ˵΢ЦŶ˵ôôȥ

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ӵͷ룬Ȼ˵һֱϲɵ֪İɣ

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Щģӵˣ֪ɵĺΪˣΪҾãɵǸԴůˡң˵̧ͷɵЦЦҲע֧ġϣɵúչֵÿһ˺úö

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ˣתͷɵڴߣϣЦ˵㣬˵Ҷû˵ء

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Цͷ˵ɵӣֲģʲôǸ

ոϴӣľĳһӣľɵɵʣɵ찡

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ɵæŽϵǰʣ£ҡͷ˵ûأ

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ɵһ˵ǵȳԺؼٸ˵ɣҽ˵˾ͿԳԺˡ

ͷһ߸˵˵ؼҸɣС㻹ûгԹķء

û˵ɵѾƲƲ˵ǳգ˰ɡٰѷĳˡ

һŭݵĵɵ˵СӣҪǽҵĶ̣Ƕǳˡǰʱѧ˼ˣԺóԡ˵Ŵյǰ˵С㣬ҪҪ

˵᲻̫鷳ˣ

Ӽæҡͷ˵鷳һҲ鷳

ɵһ˵Уҿɲٰƺ󡣡

ۿҪɵ˵趼˵鷳ˣŪɡ

ӣľһߺ࣬һ߿ǳֵģпɵ龹ȻôǢ䲻һ䡰衱˵ûлع

ɵˣ̾˵ðɣ㣬ʶһҲá

ȴŷӣľ˵Ҳһɡ

˼æͷعζɵвǲĽģɵ費˵ĸ飬Ǻõû˵ţɬҲһ˿οԼĸ϶׽ܵġһ衱е˵ȻУУͽӵĸһĴˡҲɵĿǵˣңò̫õʱġ



                   ӣİһֱܰ

лҪ˵ʵ˼Ƚ,֪д.дһƪڼƻеķ,һ˼·,ǿպſ:)ʵѾǵԼʲôʱʼϲˡļƺһֱʹţһۣڷĶ̻ԺȻľ޴дôŬҡͷǻ涼޷Ժ 

ҵĺʹΪʲôϲôĮˣѵΪúÿôҴ𲻳úÿǵȻġǳúÿô࣬Ϊʲôһƫƫϲ˺ܾãҲֻܸһģɵô𰸣Ϊ㡣Ļû˵ĺҶԣֻᣬԴ

ҵ֪汱ʱ򣬸˵úü춼ڸ߶Ϊл᲻ֻһԶԶԹߣǿһԽľ뿴ˡҶԣĸıѾһ޴ͻˡ

ȻӣһӵĻҽܵӣľ֪ӣľϲңôģʱһԲϴʱһ͵͵룬᲻һע⵽ңΪӣľĹϵ

ѧ뿪Цңϲӣľ𰸵ȻҶӣľѼĸˡҲû˵֪ѧͿˣôʣٺúÿһԼĸѡҲ˵ӣľʺҵѣΪ濴Ȼܴ³һҺܺáֻǣ£ԼҵĲѡǣϢĵĿվˣղܡ

վڸһľ룬ҿԿ෽˽Խ࣬ҷԼԽǳ١

汱ȫ칦ϣҿƽʱһʹİˡİˣ뵽Ҿؿںѹʲôһ

ҵһοȾƣһοЦݡݶ貣ȴҵʧ˷

񶼲֪쾿ôˣָӣʲôûзһòʹѧ㣬Ҳ֪

ҿóѧҪҴӽȻҺĹϵû˶ı䣬һ˵ĸмѧ㡪һԼԶҲܵõĻᡣ

˵Ľӽ߹΢΢ϹֵʱҾԼȻֹͣΧһеļк·һʧҵʱǾֹģģһǣҶԣ㡣

ҽִϣеıỬҵһȴоǧεϤǸʱҾԼǸˮЬӵĻҹڿԺԼǵһ֧衣С῿ıζУֻһ֧

ʱԶΪκͣýվǽˡţҹһ֧裬Զҵļ䵱Уɫ

˼ڣѧ˵ȥھưݳҪ˵һҪ顣Щ·ߵѧȥӹѧʱ򣬼СҳᱡСڸĸֳĹذ³ңû飬һʱŭҿҪ޳ʱˡҿǼܣоȻһ˿ۣţΪҲźͱ˴ܵġ

ܻһȲѧ㣬͵͵Ĳֻޱϲá

ֻϧϲòûãѧɵ顣ֻԼԴˡһȻһƬհס̨ݳ￪ʼʹ۶۵ȴޱȵʹ̨ϵâ䣬̨µȴֻһ޵ĸоô㣬ƽСңҲֻһĬĬĹע㣬ôһأ

뵽תͷȥɵȫעĿ̨ϵʵȫǳЦ⡣Ҳֻɵһɡ

Ǹʱг˶ԼҶɵȻûһ˿ĺ⣬룬ɵԸҸҾͻᰲĵֻһ˿ȫȫףǵġ

սҹ֣ԴԼ֮ȥľɥѹˣһƷԶƷڷһ׸裬ŮֵĳİһֱܰżĹġһɲǣڵĵ

˺ߵȥʵԱ׸֣һ¶ģĩȪʱףȻԼġ

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Ǹ˵ɵˣ˻شֽ˵ڶмֽһعȻмҵ֣Ҳżæش

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ұףȵº϶صĵıɵζ᲻÷֣뵽Ҳûд̫·һأ

˵Ҳ䡣ܵҺ˵һװɣǲ֪ΪʲôҲ˵ڡҿµĲԱߣɵñ۾ȫȥζźͬĴУµʹһ۵ļǺһ

֪˶ãۣǣ˵ձҪأҲȻмһ䣺Ҳ۾Ư

ûеõشתͷȥȴȻ˯ˡҿʼֵ̧ʱ֣ûһ˿ıȻñлҪ٣г˻ң𣬺Ȼ˵һ䣺裬䰡Ӱһ˲䣬ҾԼĶҪˡ

סļ罫ڻһ䣬ֻʹ뽫Լȫ

Һӣľʱҵǣ˵ιȥˣӣľȻܻĸо׸ϣȻûпһۡƵҵűҡ

ҴĿȥıӰȻףԭӣľϲ˾Ȼҡ׵ģҲϲңϲתƵһϡҺȻʱ˵Ļεĸ޷֣òʧȥ

ǵòӣľȴʧȥˡ

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                   57 

ԺʱΪŤ˵ĽŻûףɵȥһոȻ󼸸һؼҡ

ؼ֮ɵ绰̵˵һľ˷ܵȥ׼ĲϡӣľǵһңתתȥĿţܽ˵ôԺҪ䷹ԡ

һ˵׳գͳԷйϵô

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ȻŽɳŵʵС㣬ô

Ц˵û£İɡ

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ֵĿ˵Сǲǽ겻ô£ȥݸȪŤ˽Żա

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ӣľСֵ˵Сô

˵Ҳãôˡ

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ЦŶ˵УһؼסҲȥЦݲۣɵӣľȴɵô˸

Ȼ޼ƿʩ˵ɡ

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ɵавãæ¯ϵƽ׹ŵţѾŻˣһŹһֻ׼ȥˮɵæһȹúȻˮͷţһˡӿɵɾĸЩȻ˵ѽҺ׼õţŰôˣ

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ӵϳˣЦŶ˵Сı԰ɣǼһεģڲǵ𣿡

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ͷ˵ٰ࣬Ե嵭ıȽϺá

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ӣľһ˵˿˰ɣϺ꣨һ𡣡

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ЩԾĿɵ̾Ϣ˵һֱΪʲôСϲ㣬ˡȻ̵˽⣬վĽǶȥǡģһᾡǵġ

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ţ죬˵͵ˣȥɵͷǿԼתһ˲䣬ȥЦһı



                   58 

ļڣǶûԼȥֻΪٽУӴѵÿĩϰȻҲûʱȥˡ

Ȼɵվǲģ绰ڶǳ¸һƽӳЦ˰졣ڳЦ鳰Цӵǵڶ֣صȥˣһԣÿݼ˹

յɵѾ˿࣬Ӷһһգ˵ԼһǸƽ˲ϡ

ѵʱۼӣľȿϺŵƽСңҪȥץ꣬һʲôգ

ܿħצ˵Ҫܡ

ӣľһûץţٽһ߳ЦôŮƵĴЩ

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һ߻·ҪˣЦŹ˵ҿʲô˵ŴյǰȥȻԾ˵ʲôʱȥôǣ̫˼ˡ

˵ûȥ

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Ťͷȥɫе㷢죺ǳ˼Ĺġ

Ŷζĵͷ룬ɵǶˡһߵӣľĴչ˵ԭƽ˵ҿ˵žȥá

һĵ˵ÿ

ӣľۡ˵꣬ҪǸӡ

ߡһ׳ա˵ϰȥˡӣľ׷ȥҲһϰˡ˵ıӰҡҡͷҲȥˡ



ͬһʱ䣬ϸҡԽҰɵϹŵҺʣɵôˡ

ɵЦеСԽҰǰΣԽҰôÿ𣿡

ԽҰɻĿ˵ǰûⷽİð

ɵǺǡЦţյԽҰص˵ƽҸһһŶ

ԽҰû˵ֲأЦֻ͵ȵèһ

ɵŵ˵ǰɣԽҰҲܿ

ԽҰ̫Ѩ˵ɵƤԽԽˡ治֪ôܵ㡣

ɵЦ˵ǸͲˡ

ԽҰҡҡͷߣȻʲôƵ˵ˣʥˣѧ˵ȥҲ͹ݾ۾ۣ˳㳢գͷ˵һ°ɡ

ɵü˵һʥأǵĵһʥڡ

ԽҰ˵ķֻ¸ûʲôϸ˵ˣ극ߣҲᵢʲôġҸղʱһ˵汱Ҳ۲͵ġ

ɵ룬Ȼ˵ҪȻһɣҲӵĸ飿

ԽҰһ˵ֻĸɣҾͲˣһ飬һϣ㻹ĥߴʲôأ˵汱Ȼ󲿷֪ǵ£ȴֻһ֪ǻСĵ㡣

ɵû뵽Լͻ뾹ȻһԽҰ߶е㴹ͷɥĵ˵֪ȥȥɡ



                   59 

ʥһ׷Ĵѩڶɵ𴲣ƮѩϲسķһĽУ㣬ѩŶ

Ժıѣ˵ѩѩһģʲô˵ŷҪ˯

ɵĴߵ㣬㿴궬һѩأµ󰡡

˺üºۣɵһһҧ˵ɵã˵žҪ֣ɵֿ죬űӽһѱסЦ㣬

˱űαסãЩŭ׳գ֡

ɵɵԣͷϣűӣЩƣͲţһֱôء

ɵһ˿ᣬ˵Ťͷ⡣ɫ磬ƬƬѩڰɫı׷ɣԶķѾһѩԵ˵ľװ

ɵſ֣һڴϣŴ⣬Σ˵治ȥ۲Ͱһء

˿ɵ˵׳գҲҪ۲͵ġ

ɵЦ˵Ҿ֪Ҳ۲ͲŴӦԽҰĶ

룬˵֪ˡ

ɵЦôȥ粻ȥ˰ɡ

һ˵׳պӺ绰ġ˵ȥĻѧ˵ġ

ɵŲӻŴӲ˵ӣЦ˵ǰ᲻ôġ

šһ˾ôڴϣһûһ˵Ȼ绰ˡɵȥӵ绰ɵһ߱Թɷƻյˣһ߽˵绰û˵ӣľĴɤžʹ˹꣬㻹ûɣѩˣ֪𣿡

ɵЦһ£ӣľң㻹ûء

ӣľڵ绰ͷһҾ˵ûôСأż٣ǴǴѩ̰

ɵŵ绰˵ӣľǹ

šһɵŵ绰˵Ум˰ɣһͷԽҰϣ˶ź档

Ȼ˵һ䣺а׳ǼҸС㡣

ɵЦ˵Сء

ӣľ㶣û˵ֻ֪ĺꡣ

˵绰ȥϴ裬ɵԽҰǼ绰һѩ˸ʰͣӣľйһѾ½½ĵˡ

ӣľϱԹ鱧ԹСû򣬳ɵ֮⣬㹻ιԽҰˡڷϢһᣬӣľͿʼĦȭƵҪȥ棬ɵ˵СһС͵¶콡ĿյأȥǶɣ

˶û飬ɵЦ§ļ˵ҿ˵ˣҪһߵġ

ЦЦ˵ǿɲУȭ˭˭һ

ӿڵǣŹƽ

ɵε˵ðɺðɣ߰ɡ

ȳţɵٳǰɵϸһ·޷ãΧãֶʱѺñסͷ֪

΢΢˵֪ˣŷɣ

ɵѵһǳǳЦ⣬㶣漴Ӧ˵ʲôһʱֺֺЦͷ˵һǹ㣬㾹ȻȡЦҡ

סɵ˵߰ɡºͣм޵ᡣɵһůţ˳ȥӣľɵЦ߳ɵֵ˵ɨͷ㷢ʲôհ

ɵЦ˵Ի˵˵Ūӣľһͷˮ˵һ䡰Ī׷ˡ

ߵ¶ĿյشҿʼְΣһ߸ˣ϶ĶƣֱɵԽҰһӣľһɵɥ˵Ҳɣ㣬Ҫһ

ԽҰһߵקɵԼǱߵӪߣɵеϢòá

Цļ˵ҿɲŶ

ƲƲ˵˭ϡ

Цź͹һˡ

߶ҺεĵطӣľͲסʼ˵һֽѩڿзȥӣľ󣬻ɵľܽѩ򵽶ԷӪȥڽ˺üѩ򹥻֮һĨͷϵѩ޺޵˵УֻȡǿǶӣľĶֻ֣ܴս

˶ͷͬ⣬öԲߣ·δҼлԷˡ

һҳüͷ˵ãҪлǡ

ߡһ˵ʲô˾㸺ӵҺӣľһ˸һߣʱ֧Ԯ

Ħȭһӣ֪̿ˣ˾

ӣľ˵Уһ˾ͿԽС͹ǡ

˵ţһѩХžһӣľԴһ̲סЦӣľܻõѩһ͹

ɵԽҰѾ߽ˣ潻һɫ˵ѩܼķ˹ȥһɵĳ췢Ǳ־Եͷ̱ǿĳѹˣŪɵһѩ

ò׶һ͹ԽҰץѩ˹ȥɵһæһѩƫ׼ͷбͷ˹ȥԽҰɵ˵ͽ

ɵЦе˵Բֳˡ

Ǳӣľ˳ȥǴһƬҲ̲ס˳ں棬ԽҰɵҲӭȥֳһţֱ˴˵Ļ๥

˺һᣬҶˣɵȾ˵ˣϢһɣˡ༸˿Ȼ֣ͣһЦ

ֻɵͷΪˮһſֲȫˣмǿӭͦţͷԵü졣

ɵʼĪĿˣʱЦָָɵͷɵȻ׹ˡ߹ȥͷ˵Цɣ㣬ҳܻ㿪Цҵĳܻʲôأ

ЦøҲ̲סǣЦ˵׳աȫſĵЦݣ¾Ө͸ıһҫ۶ĿɲǼڳÿ˵ġ



                   60 

˵˸ԻؼңϸԾ۲͡

汱ĶԱڲƼһKTVİУȿȥͣҲƳ衣ڵĸӶһ˵ʣҵطǲ㿴öܸˡ

Ц˵ǵȻ

ƿơƻεԼųԷ˵Ǻɡ

ϵľƣеԥ˾ҺȾơ

ǺһЦ˵Сʲôġ

Сһ˵ΪҺãҵȻġ

û뵽Լļһ˵һʲôȶ˾ˡ

̧ۿģ͵һȰ˵ȴ˵ֻڲ˵ʱźȾƵġ

һʱסˡ

һ˿СóѺŻеĵ⣬Ϊƴɡ

СˣҰŻعеر飬ǳΣݺһͷڷǵһ˿Ц⣬ԼҲ̲סЦ

ӣľ֣Ʋƽǹ˵꣬СôȾƶû˼ɫӰɣ˭˭ȡ

ߡһ˵˭ĵĶ

ӣľ˵ֱ˵

һվ˵˭ˣ棬ô棿

ЦҲվ˵ð˭ҽ򣬺ܼ򵥵ġ

ǱֺļˣӶߵĲ˵ѧ㣬Ҿ˲ء

ӡšһǰǰҪʺܶءǰֻһ㶼Լһһ߳Է

˵ľúܸ˰ѧӣľǣУɵ

ӿӣû˵һӺˣ˵ѧ㿴Ҹ

ӵĳ΢Ц˵ҾҲı䲻ء˵ЩĴյӶ˵УʲôʱĿֱӽģҶûзء

һӴ󾽣ЩͰ͵˵ѧ㣬㣬㲻ҪЦ

Цߺ˵ˣˣҲʻߣǹȥôˡ

˵ߵǸǰһ֣ӣľȾơҲɴ࣬ȵõľƣһںȹ⣬˵

ЦŲʲôô棿Ҳ档

һ𣬼æֻǾưﳣһСϷÿɫӣò͸ıӿۺãҡΣȫ֮ͣ󣬸˿ԿԼϵɫȻжϱеʼ¡һǴСĵ㿪ʼȻϼӡһ˲㣬ڶ˾ֻܲĸ㣬ơòܵʱ򣬿Ҫ򿪱ӣʵµΪ䣬ûгΪӮŹû˵úǺǣӭǲ˵

ոտʼѧûպùɣһʼ˺üѡȽϴӻѣЩŵʼؾ档ӣľʼ֮󣬱Ź˺üƣԴͿʼκģӲ²׼ֻʣȾƵķˡ

ɵ߽俴ľһơƵݵӣľǰ˵׳գˡ

ɵ߹ȥʣʲôأ

Ц˵ɵû뵽Ȼɫӵ츳ء

ɵӣľơƣյߣ˵㣬ֺȾ

̧̧°ͣӣľ˵׳ձҺȵöࡣ

ӣľߡһ˵㣬

ɵӣľ˵е˵ˣʹɫ˳·˵ѾˣҪȻȵɣ

ӣľȷʵȶˣͷ˵԰ӣľ͵Ժеǻ

ӣľ˵ʲôԴ˵˿ûȥ

ӣľͷŭԵֻաʱҲˣԲ˵ҪȻҲɢ˰ɣ

ӵͷɵЦеĵ׸Ҹ·ߵȳʱɵźǷһҪӣЦ˵˰ɣȥ˯ɡ

ͷ˴ϳɵո˾˵ַ;üһͷ˹Ѿ˯ˡ

ɵһƣøһЩԼҲ۾һᣬǰ˾˵ˡ

ɵһȻСſˡæǮ㣬ѣ˯üԴɵϲ˲䣬ûѹ˼ɵ̾һ뱧İӳŪץ֣ڱϣߡ

ѩûл棬΢ġ֨ԵСӵİɫĵƹϣ˵Ӱóġɵоë׵ԴԼѣȵйɵڶһһµĴƬɵһůůϲãֻԼһӱԶ֡

ߵݿڣɵҪڳһֻȥݣȻ˵

ɵһ㶣תͷȥһ˫ӣɵЦ˵ͲţһӶˡ

Ϊ߳ŭˣȴֻǽͷɵļķɨɵĲɵϴů˵ͱһӰɣ׳ա

ɵһ󻺻ɿ֣£תЦ˵㣬˵ŶԺҪƤ

΢΢һ죬ȴرܵĿɵҴӲƤ

ɵۿЩ죬ֽסþö֡İҹֻ¥ĵƹ⣬Ҽ֤ȴֿİ顣



                   61 

лҪ˵ǺǣԼգպҲдһڣصطŵ췢ӣٹ˽һѣٺ١

sdʼһֱΪԼңʮһʮһţ˽ԼսΪһһźĺʮһŵĽϣԺǸһȻЩǣǿ

ںһ»˵ļϷֻⲿֲдòãǧӰһŬ£ȡᣡ

ʥû죬͵ԪˡѧУż٣ɵڼһ죬ĶҲûȥɵֻͣ죬϶ѻǰŮףģǸɴֻĲ˯ذġ

ʱɵɳֻ˯߹ȥߣɴԼȣԼһûһµ˳ڷһᣬȻʲôƵ˵㣬ԪĲȥǼ𣿡

ġšһɵֵѽ˵Ӧô绰ġȻ֪ҵ绰˲࣬Ϊʲô裬һ绰ûأ

ۣһۣ΢΢üְ۾ˡɵ֪˼˵ԼģЦ˵㣬˯ҵȻˡ

˲е˵ѩܴ򣬲˯

ɵ΢һӣɰУЦ˵ϳʲôɣ

Ŀɵ֣룬Ȼ˵ȥ԰ɣ¸㡣

Ŷɵĺıˣʲô£

Ƴһۣ˵ϸ

ɵһӣ֣ʹԼĲţȻˡ

ɵֵ˵ڵģ˭

Ҳе֣˵ȥſ֪𡣡

ɵȥţţûˣͱſڵŲһͷĲȻӣľĴɤףǺ꣬ɨͷ

߹ȥһ׳գֵĿſڵһʣʲô

ӣľֵ߽߻Ь˵ֻհжɡ

հһͷĲɵסգ

Ծ˵ǰɣɵ㾹Ȼ֪

ʯеɵ˵Ҳû˸Ұ

һĵ˵⻹ñ˸ô˵Žڲϣ˵С㣬ְҴףտ֡ҪҸ˵ǼһףǾû

šһ½½ĻвӹǺӣ棺˵ô

Ц˵ǰ֯ġ

ӣľһ߲ôϲɣ

Сһһ˿ͣȴ˵ǵģ㣬ֻоϲˡ

ӣľһ㶣˹Цļ˵Сӣ濴˵˰

ӣľҪˣ͸ǳǳЦ⣬ҪڵĺӲرѹ˻ȥֻˡߡһ

عɵסɥ˵㣬Ϊʲôհ

޹գգ˵ϳԷʱġ

ɵһҪ˵Ҳ̫˰ɡ

ǰЦ˵ⲻǰ֪

ɵ˵̫ˣһ˲֪

˵ⲻΪ֪𣿡

ɵͷϻûŪɾĲʴȻְ棺˾㲻Կô壿

濴ɵЦ˵ӣľҪġģû뵽ɵš

бһӣľ˵˾䣺ǰ׳ա

ӴлָɵЦŶ˵Ӣ۾Ŷ㣬Ӵδ䣬һȭϣ쵰˭

濴ɵüӣЦ˵С㣬֪⸱ԡȥɣѾ绰׼ˡ

ͷʱӵݸһװĺӣ˵ǴҸϣϲ

ӹӣ˵лл

ӣľ˵㿴ϲϲ

˿򿪺ӣһɫ򾲾ںɵϲ˵㣬ⲻϴοϵǸ𣿡

šһ۾ģһ˿ϲӹȻǺܸˡЦе˵ϲͺãôࡣ

һ죬˵ûа

΢΢Щ˵лл㣬ллҡ

ɵӣЦŴ˵ǾͿȥԷɡ

桰šһɵ˵ʲôûŵɡ

ɵֹҵʲôûиһᰡ

յǰ˵˵ʲô

ɵЦе˵ûʲôûʲôŷĵ⣬֮ء



һ˵ˡǰİ䡰ŷ㡱ҶǵһԶȽϷŵÿһٷԵ÷֡극һڵϣӣľ˵ƣɵ͵ӣЦŶ˵㣬Ըɡ

ͷۣ۽۾ͶһƬССӰҡΣжһ

Ӻ˵ˡ

һɡЦ˵˵Ŵһˡŵҷֵ⡣

군⣬ִ˺һᣬѾȽˣŸԻؼҡ

ɵ˼ţɵϵ򣬿˵㣬ôأҶûи׼

ЦЦĿһ˵ڻûʮء

ɵһҵȥﰡ˵Ƴԭװӵ˿Ц˵ҰԼ͸

΢΢ǿ˵ð

ɵľ˿Լϵ˸ᣬȻſ˫˵տ֣㡣ϲ𣿡

ЦŨ׳գסˣӽ쿪ʼҵˡ

ɵڵ˫γµѵһõЦݣֻ͵һһѽͷͷ૵˵㣬ˣҿĵһۿʼ

ɵƽʱʵЩͳȴԼĪļֻԼﶼҪŻƵ̧ͷɵɫдһ˿ԻͼңƻȫݻɵòײűֵĽеһǡԥĳȥԴƵ͵͵ĺ첻˵㣬ңòã



                   62 

ɵңȴԼҲִЩĿȻӲĻӦɵɵӵһ·ײײĳԼ߹ȥ

ߵߣ˾ŵڴϣɵʼȥµĿӣһƬѩ׵ļ¶ɵ͵ʹϢһǾµҧȥֻһĸоѸȫԾķһɵȴһһ㣬ḧѾİļϺԥһ·ȥ

ؽһɵ

ɵԴɳƵĹƻ͵͵˵ã㣬סҡ

ܵӵסɵֱĳʣĳ£ɵСɫ⻬ļޱı¶ǰɵĶ˵㣬ҲǵһΣܻеʹ

͵͵ӦһԭѾʼûȣɵӴͷĳóҪĶĶĿʼһ롣

ֻһֻ˷ܵ˺Ѱʹ˹ɵѿڡĽһɵµüëΪʹ΢΢𣬽ྻĶͷϿʼһһĺ顣ʼؽһ֮Ϳʼҧס촽Ĵһӡ

ɵһ˿Ҫȴ̫ʹǸеɵԥۣɵ˵ãҪͣһ˿ȴ쳣ؼᶨ

ɵ촽͵͵˵㣬ҪţҪг

šһɵļСúĳʥʽһ㡣



֮ɵӲסԼĸ첲ϣһĨĺΣ˫۽ţ㳤Ľë΢΢ɵְ˵㣬ǲǺʹ

ûۣԴɵľ΢΢˲䣬ŵġšһɵֻԼĲֱһšݺݵشţĵˮһ

ĬĬһᣬɵ˵㣬ȥˮݸˮܶġ

ͷɵȥźˮ˵ұȥɡ

ۣҡͷ˵Լȥ

ɵ͵ͽһ㡭

ɵᣬһ죬ͷĬˡɵᱧ쳣ĽŽˮַϵָ԰׵ľףĶͷ˵úһᣬҴٽ

ͷԡ׵ıԵ۾ˮ뵿ݺͷմһ˿ˮԵüڣƤѩסɵҪŲӡ

˺һᣬɵعѾԡ˯ˡҡҡͷ쵽ˮ¶ȣˮˣɵˮﱧùԡ¹ϣ߽ҡ˯òǺܰȣüţŻǾЩʹɵĽŵϣǺñӣһǣ˳ȥ



ڶ磬ѹʱֻԼʹ͵͵һ߳䣬Ϳɵʹӳ߳Ц˵㣬˯ˣ緹

ü߹ȥɵæ˸ӸţС˵ǲǻʹ

һ˵´ԣ

ɵһֱе㲻֪֮᲻ʲôִ˵´Ρ̷Ц仨һ˵Ǻǣ㣬ǡ´Ρʲôʱأ

һӺˣȥɵЦеĸʢһ˵ȳ緹ɡ

һӹ룬ȻʲôƵʣ㷿ôᱸЩ

ɵһʱûзӦʲô

Ť˵Щ

Ŷɵһָӳó󻬼֮ĶѵһҲ˺죬ǰʱ·һģǺǡ

ȻЦΪ˵һ䣺ɫǡ

ɵ˴漴¶Ц⡣ͷȥ࣬ǰסһ˫ĵ۾ɵЦԱߣͷЦ˵̫ˣȥˡ

ຬ˵鷳

ɵ˵ҪȻȥѧѧͷԺڼɡ

ЩԾ̧ͷɵһƬЦ⣬ȴûпЦӡĿɵͣټ룬漴˵ɵôã

ɵһ㶣漴ļ磬˵ɵϣܹö˵Ҹˡ

̧ͷһĻζӡɵϡ⻹һɵɵһʱûзӦЦɵɵĴסˡ

⸱ӣúЦɴֹסɵĲӣ촽ɵϲ˲䣬Ȼվ

֮ɵŻعֺֺЦװ˵ð㣬㾹ȻӢ˫죬̫ˡ˵Ѿɳϵ˹ȥôͷ㡣

װһߵر飬Цһ䣺׳գԼһЦһ߶㿪ɵħצɵһֽҸĶĴĵɢ˿ȥ



                   63 

Ԫڽ󣬾ǽŵĩԡɵͬѧĲиŬ£ĸƳɼŶһ˷ѵľӹߣúüƹҺƵӣľǼǷŭһҪ󲹿ǰһ쵽ҽǿϰһڻؾ

ӶܹĵĽǰѵʱ򣬴ȴϢ˵ĶȫΪɸΪλѧУΪλжԿ汱ѡȻӣľ͹ĸˣδظѧУѡĶӣ汱˶ΪԺ

صңɵЦеĶ˵㣬ϲδصĴӰ

һ˵ǵȻġǶӳ㻹бô

ɵ˵ûˣں͸ͷλܽڽְԽҰҲѡȥˡ

Ŷһ˾Ҳѡˡ

ɵ˵ţ˵ˡлҲѡˡͰ񣬻汱ࡣ

Ϊʲôܽ

ɵ˵ΪԼ˵Լ岻ãƴǵġ

ͷǷɵЦ˵ˣȥϴ裬ͳԷˡ

šһԡ߹ȥȻͣɵ˵ǰҪϼѵʲôʱ򣿡

ɵ˵ɡǸͷҵĺϴѧļѵأ˵ҪѡԱǵϡ˵ɵĴյǰ˵˵Ǹӳܷ䣬ʱǷֵһ䷿ɡ

ƲƲ˵ҪҪ汱ĶԱסһ𡣡

ɵһ˵㣬˼Ҫסһ䷿

Цĵһۣ׳գƤôԼ˾˵ɡ

ɵЦ˵Ҿ˵Ҹô˵ġ

ᡰߡһһ׳վǰ׳աı飬Լϴȥˡ

ɵЦеĿıӰԡңԼŸ裬ĽŪİˡ



ѵʱɵԸԳĺֵһ䡣Ϊں͸ͷΪͬУĶԱסһڶԱ֮ںϣɵڸЦӺüٷĳŵ֮ڰǰһ

һڲԷʱɵԽҰ汱ĶԱһ𣬼ͻΣպһɵߣһֱͣĸвˣ߶ͣЦ˵ɵˣֲСˡ

ӣľͷ˵ǣɨͷԽԽˡ

ԽҰͷʹı飬ɵ˵㲻Ҫϵ˺òá

ɵЦĿԽҰ˵ԽҰ㲻ҪҴҲв˺ˡ

ԽҰ̽ԼһŲŲˣҿܲ𡣡

ο˵˵ЦЦ˵汱ӵĸ黹ǲ

ζЦ˵ǰֹǲֱõû˵

û滰˼˵ҲӦöϰС

εĻЦЦ˵Σеĸ飬ɲǹ⿿ϰŶ˵ôҶЦֹһ䡰׳աɵ§ļ磬Цáֻлβеͷԡ

һİЦ̧ͷȥ벻ΪʲôǸѧУƴյǱ߾ദôǢԼ߾Եóơ´½Ƶ˵㿴ɵĹϵ治һĺءƽʱôˣȴɵ§ļЦ

񿴹ȥȻɵĶܣһʱе⡣ʱں͸ͷ˽󻹸λŮһλɵԽҰǶʶһĽ㣬ߵŮӣͬĶ̷ҲƯֻü֮͸һӰһֲ̫ʢ˵ĸо

ͷҽ˵λܿ־ļߣСͳҰѩС㣬ڼѵڼһһЩٱ

ڸҴ̵к֮󣬳Ұѩξֱߵʹͷû̧ǰֱӵ˵㣬һרãԼʱɣ

һڣڳ˶һһжԼͬ㻹ܻӭٶе㼵ʡɵǾ˵ȫ˵̬ʮֲ졣

¿ӣ̧ͷ˳Ұѩһۣ˫ͬһҰѩεһûܹηȴֿӽìܸоһʱе㷢ȴѸƿĿ⣬վ䵭˵ûȤ˵Ҳһۣתˡ

ɵ潻һɵЦе˵ҲԱˣȸˡ˵ŶվڳҰѩα΢΢ͷʾһ£ת׷ȥˡӣľԽҰҲ׷׸ǣ·õһ

ҰѩλعʶȻܾԼһʱɫе㷢ࡣЦվ˵ҰС㲻Ҫ⣬ӣ̫ںͱ˴򽻵ģ֮¡

ҲǰųҰѩε˵ѩΣɷõǿҲڽһʱ

ͷҲæԲҰѩ㬵ĸ뿪ˡ濴˵ıӰϸ룬ɫ



                   64 

Ӳֱ֮ȥɵķɵطѾڴ˯ˣ濴Ц˵Сӣ湻ûûεġ

ɵǺǡЦһ˵ҿ϶°ɣǳȥ̸

ͷ˵ҸһݣȥǶɡ

ɵϸѱӸǺãţ䣬ҲڣͷкˡָɵֱӿżɽʣڽǸҰѩΣʲô

ɵ룬˵Ϊأ

ɳϣһһ˵ǸŮ˿һܸ߰ӣȻ˵ĿȴСǸǵĽɫ

ɵͷ˵ƾֱҾҰѩο϶кǿıҪȻϲ˲ǿƵĸо˵˵ĿܴһǱųԽرǿˡ

˵֮һҾúܲһ㡣͸ͷλ̬Ⱥ֣ǶһСĺµӣҾͷһС

ɵϵĿ˵ΪʲôһҪҪɷ÷أ

һ˵ҲûŪסɵȥС㣬ԱȽϤһ֪ҰѩεݺĿġ

ɵͷ˵ͷСĻɷĸӵġ

ü˵ǺȻͲʶҲûҪʲôɡ˵ķ˿ɷһǲˣ

˵˸ãҾֲĸо˵̧Լüģɵ˵һɵҪ˼׼

ɵ̧ͷ˵ʲô

˵ҸղڷֱûĻҰѩпڽͨСĹӦĲɷá

ɵšһ˵Ҳͨ㣬ܶ˶֪ǵĹϵ֪ҺͷĹϵ

˵ܶ˶֪ǹϵãһһ⼸ҲҪע⣬ñĵץסʲôѱ

ͷ˵ǲɷҲˣܾûô򵥡ǸҰѩοӲǴ٣ļߵݡ

ɵ˵ȥҵķɣ˯ˣҵŵ㣬˵ڽ¡ȲҪ֪

ӿ˵Ҳ̽̽ôİɡǺųҰѩҲǱģһרҲûʲôҼǵǸ͸ɵרðɣ

ͷ˵֪ˣȥ

ɵҲվ˵ϵһС㡣

ţɵ˵绰Լ¥´ԱߵĿȹݼ档ɵԿףֱȥķ䡣



߽ȹݣһ۾ͿڿλϵɵĶŵĳԼ΢Цߵɵ£ɵݹһžˮĵӣС㣬ȵʲô

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Щ뷨һķһµӣ˵һɽ

ɵ΢΢ͷֽзԱҪһɽһˮȻ˵С㣬ʱʵʧˣкûʲôᡣ

ϲɵʽĳƺЦ˵ɵһһСĽңֱӽ֡

ɵ΢΢Ц˵²̫òɡ

һ˵ɣôҲһĽ㣬Ļһ㣬Ҳռ˰ɡ⻰죬ȥмֿЦζʵȴΪţɵһڻؾ

ɵô˵һ漴Ц˵ǣ㡣

һŷ֪ɵô򵥣һڸնɽɵżɽ˵ɵңӦʲô°ɣ

ɵҪôڣֱʳΪ̧̧ͷڿ۾ɵ۾ӡſ͵ĵƹ⣬ԵºͣǼº͵Ц⣬ԼͻȻ©һġ

һ˲䣬ɵѾڵķʽǾֱ˵ɵ΢Ц˵˵òҪһ¡

ɵԼĿ⣬ƽһ굱ߵϬо̾ͻˡһٴ̧ͷɵѾƽʱЦݣҲһ£ӦǸѩйصİɣ

ɵȻ¸˾ŲʮаͬʱҲԼǧҪСӦԣЦ˵㻹أҲܱµ䶵Ȧӣ󷽷ϡ

ЩɻĿɵ˵ʲôأѩӦǲʶĲŶ԰

ɵǺǡһЦ˵ΪʲôҰСҪɷġı磬±ȽġɵܹʽıܿܵĳƺٲȻֻǰæӡ

ŶһһȻӣ˵ʵѩΪʲôҪɷҲǺβɷֻһģѩҲרҵļߣֻϵһѧѡɷǰżȻ֪ҪרãѡԱϺ̾Ҫһġͣͣ˵һϵģҵֱӦΪҪɷġ

ɵԽԽ֣ʵˡֱԣҰСȻʽļߣô뱨ͷأ

ôʣȵĿһۣЦɵкĲ׽ϢͷϢأʺϵߡ˵Ŷ˶٣ЩεĽͣΪѩǱ維Ψһǧ𡣡



                   65 

׼˵ʱɵ΢΢ЩԾʵıֳԼľȣЦ˵û뵽

ͷ˵ǰ

΢һɵ΢Ц˵㣬һ֮룬еΪѣǾ͵û˵

ɵֻЦů޷ܣӦе˵ɣֻҪܰ쵽һ

ɵ˵ͳҰС⼸סһ𣬶ǹϵӦòǷܴΪһΪζȤ

вµɵŻ£ҲһļǿˣԼҲ֪Ϊʲôһ߰ǧСһôȤǵͷ˵һҺʵʱʲôϢʹ绰㡣

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˵ģɵʱ䲻ˣҲͽʺԻȥ

ص䣬һţסˡҰѩбڴϣֱּ̣ߵĴͷϷһƿʣһСĺƣһֻվƱζأ΢΢ü

ţҰѩεʣȥˣ

°˵ϵһԱһᣬҵܵܵѧ

ҰѩΡŶһǸɵ𣿡

šһʣôˣ

Ұѩμ̵΢΢һһγ̻ڴϡæȥʰȴҰѩεĮм̵Ȼ˵㣬ҺҲˡ

ĳһҲȫСҲǳҰѩδС÷һ𳤴飬ҲձԶŵķ̳ˡŵԣҽ鼫ãϤͰǵһˣ˴ӸͿʼʽĽѾкüˡҲѩθǴѧѩ׿˵Ҳ֣ôҲŵġ

ô᣿ʲôʱ£

ǰʽģҰѩεĿѹֵĵͳ˵˱ˡʵͷԾˣȥμһƻ֮ͿʼԾʼܿҽӴҷ˺ܴĹ˽̽Ų鵽װ˭

ѩεɫúѿ֪Լòüȥѩȴϵ̣ԼһƣЦ˵֪˭𣿡

ʶ𣿡

ѩκž˵ʶ˵졣

ϸһ£øûͷڳҰѩҲͲȥ£ԹԵ˵ȥǸ㡣

ֱҰѩεĻһôܣǳúÿϾǸкӰôʶأҲһֱڶδ

Ұѩε͵͵̾һŵεĿЦҲ㻹֪ɣˮԱˮձ¢ҵһָĴҡĸԭձǳİѡ֣ͬӪһҴҵȥʱˮҾٰһ˽˵ļͥƻᣬԶҵϺˮҲСϣҲ㡣

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Ұѩεĵ𣺡Ҳ˵ǾǸϣ޷԰εİǸעҪϵˡ

ЩͬĿѩ˵ΪҪɷģ

ѩ΢΢Ц˵һʼҲ֪Ҳϵ˭һֱΪǸŮˣǲ˺ܾöûнҹһ˽̽һ£ڶȻÿĩȥδҵʱ֪ȥ˻ȥˡ

˵Ǹô

ѩ΢ǣŵ̵Ц˵棿͵ࡣ

ԼһֱʹڲϳԾ״̬͵

ÿĩ̶ȥС򳡣Ͳͬһһ򣬸ûи˵һ仰˶֪ʼһҿ϶㣬ÿڹ̶ֻſʼȷȷ֮ҿʼıˮҵĹϵ͸ӵĿ϶ΪҲĲǴȥˮҵľƻῪʼġ

ſʼѩΣ̾Ϣ˵ҲֻĲ²ء

ʹҲˣѩһŭ𣬡׿ڳˡ

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ѩһ˵ҿʼֻǶ棬ΪʲôҲϲһˡƬϵǺܺÿҲôС֪ˣӦòô򵥲Ŷԡҵһμˣ˵ѩηߺ޵ıһ˿ãҾһرˣرãֶ˶٣ѩλָһҧгݵı飬ر



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ųҰѩ΢΢ЩŤ̾Ϣ˵ѩΣαء˰ɣԹУԼҲҸġ

Ұѩ㶣漴Цһ㵵ĿΣǳ䵭˵㣬ΪұҲΪ˸֮󣬻ʲôҸˣôʮĸ飬һ˾Ϳ˽ģ˵̫ˣ㡣

죬ջʲôҲû˵̾˿졣

ҰѩҲ˵ʲôֻԼһһĺȾƣȵѩ˯֮ԥǸɵ˵绰

ɵȥ֮˵˼䣬˯㣬컹ҪѵԼҲϴ˸˯ˣȻ绰죬һϽ

Լڿϸ룬ɵָ˵绰һ鵽ȥ

Ҳˣһ㶣ɵ˵ı磬Щÿ棬ҲͶͷǴкˡ

£ȿ˵С㣬ðʵǱǸˡ

Ц˵ˡ

ɵ׻һЦ˵ǾͲҪһСһˣҶ鷳棬͸ҽһ㣻㣬ֱӽɣǾô

һ仰˵˶ЦǰЩŵһɨաƽʱҲǸˣɵĻ˵ҾͲˣ㣬С鷳ˡ

ǰŵ꣬һһЦݶõģССϧһ£ԼʱôûꡣڴЦ˵ҲֻǾΪѡԺвɷҪҪǶϰ

Ц˵Ȼ

ɵӿ˵㵹ҪҵˣӦ湻ġ

ЦеĿɵ˵ôҪ㲻Ӧ

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Ц˵û뵽ǲͬһӣ黹ôá˵뵽ͳҰѩΣ΢΢һ̾һ˵棬ҸѩΪʲôҪɷ֮ǰҪȷ顣

ɵô˵һ㶡ͷ˵ʲô

˵ȥʱˮڶǲǾٰһС͵˽˾ƻ᣿

û뵽Ȼ֪ԼĸˮҵĹϵһֱԸ⹫Լʲô鷳뵽Уɵ֪Ǽߣ֪Ҳʲô룬ͷ˵ţɷõйϵ𣿡

ʣʱǲǲμƻ᣿

΢΢ü˵С㲻̫ϲ£⹫һֱʶһЩһ㶼¶档ʱӦֻھƻῪʼʱ⹫˾˾ƣͻط˯ˡ

Ŷһԥһ£濴˵㣬ô£

˵һ⣬㻹ǲǵõƻĿһλСҲģ

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һֱû˵ɵе㲻ԣӵ棬Ц˵ʶ˰

ѸٵĻָ˹߳Ц˵ţԶŵĹӣˮһֱҵϵǵܵĿ֮һ

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һͱɵʣһЦ³ˣǸ˴ӿС㿪ʼûġ



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ɵһ̬ȣ֪Ȼû˵򵥣æʵҾʲô£Ҳſô졣

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˵ͣɵͬʱʣأ

ڶ죬СҲȻԼС㣬˵ҪһҺ󱲵ĸ顣ʱҾ;òԾС¸ûȤһ¶ϣԳŴ򣬿ûһۡ

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ҺŻص⹫ңһʲŷ֣С㾹Ȼʱûлҵʱͼˣ绰û˽ӡָСҲȻػˡڼסֲҸ߱ˣֻóȥһңһ߽Ÿ绰һСʱ󣬵绰ͨˣСڵ绰ͷֻ˵˼֡˾־ưɣҡ̴򳵱Ǿưɾȥˡ־ưɡȽ˾֪Ķһ͵ˡ

Ҹϵ־ưɡպÿСӾưŲĵģǿߵſڣվվȡҵʱסˣæܹȥסȴżһľζʲô£ȴֻҧ˵֡ؼҡ

ҸղŴ򳵵˾βԾһֱûߣҷСĳصңŷϴˣУС˵⣬˵ȥס˿ڡ

ʡʲôȴءһתͷһɵɫÿ£һȭϣɤ˵Ǻۣǲǣ

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ɵһ棡бѹֵŭ⣺ѵҾôôֻǹҰˣںͽʲôĹȥܼҶ˿İܹίֻϧǻѵôҰԶԶʤԼ

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ĻӦ˵֪ˣⷬףӦ¼׷֮䷶

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һ仰˵һֱɵҲЦˣļ˵㻹ЦźáƽʱǷЦղŰе㲻ϰߡ

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Ц˵ˣΪΪʲôֻ͵͵ܵδڶС˺ȻС㣬˵ʲôƺԣǸڼﱻСС㻹һ仰

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վѧı飬б·˵Ҫٿ㣬һһΣ

ɵıݣƬ̣漴Цúã

濴ķӦݸһЦȴü˵ΪСҲʹˣû뵽֮󲻹˼ϵͳҰѩη֣һ׿ڳ£װʲôģ

ɵ˵һԿ϶ûд֡

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ֻҲпĻϾǼߡӿ˵עִ磬һеġ

ɵ˵֪ɡһҪѵ̫ˣϽ˯ɡһȥˡ

ͷɵֱţѾûˣĵػ˷



                   68 

ڶһ磬ɵ˯ԺģȻڶ˵ɵˡ

ñӸסͷɵ˵˯һᡣ

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Ŷһ֪ģҲûʲô֡ɵѸϴϣͺһ¥ѵȥ

;˶ŵĺȦֵĿһֿۣ˿ɵҪ˵ȴӣľָЦ˵Сʲôȥˣôһ˯߲èӣ

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ɵһۣ׳գȻˣɵһȴƽ˵㣬Ҳз׷ʣΪʲôֻһˡ

Ҫ˵תߡһһȺ׳ա˵ҲǣˡɵĶĴָæ׷ȥˡ̾˿˵Ҫ̫ԣ㳤̵ģǲ֪ļһ

Ц˵֪ģͲɵˡ



һ˵ѵӼϣʼڳ࣬Ұѩȴûг֡

ò׽˵һĳмһСϢʱ䣬Ȼǳ緹緹ʱɵߣһ߰һ߶ǻѵҪԵ㡣

߳ŷü˵㲻ôѵҪʼˡ

ɵЦе˵

һߺţ̣һƵ˵ֻҪԣԼͱˡ

ɵǺЦţҲȻɫ΢΢˱䣬ͬһɫںͻ˵档

ҰѩαӲſ߽ɫ̫ãһŷ΢һ£תǱߡͼͬ˶ԱǷֿͲ͵ģˣæ³Զ

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ҶԵò࣬Ҳվһˡ

һѵеú˳ɵǸеֵǣҰѩαֵ÷ǳƽֻһЩ߸顪գͬλϢʱλӳһЩ⡣̬ȻǴЩʢˣȴҲò

ѵ֮ǰϴʱɵ򵥵̸̸ðճҰѩεԸӦòôˡȻûʲôҲֻо䡣

󣬸ͷѶԱټһС͵Ļңı¼ǿ˽֡¼һᣬ½½Ļȥüͷɵ˵ɵгԵҶˡ

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ͷ˵ϰ׳պӣ϶ҲûгԱ

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һ䣺˭ҪǸ׳һˡ

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ͷҲص˵档˵ѳ˴ţɵȥſֱϼС۸һֻɫ˹СȥҽУǼȴģúܹ񫡣

ܵǰһƿҪٴСĻ죬ȵס֣

ǼСһ㶣漴Χһ˵ʲôٹ¡

ġߡһԼû£ֻܿ۸Сô֮ǼС첪ȻŭмǸͷĶ˵һϣѵѵ

˵żһӵϣվ߻ûü˵ϻɵһˣ˵סҪ˵žӭȥȳ˾һȭ

ɵƵվȣͿѾΧм䡣鼱֮£Ҳ˲ʲôӵĹ涨ܴ֮ģæֳȥƾԼ˶ԱЭԺ巴Ӧ˳߷һˣվߣЦ˵㣬һҪ㲢ս

δ䣬ϾͰһȭӴһתͷͻϮɵ˽˵Сġ

ɵæӦЩæңӣľʱ𣺡Զôˣ˵ɵȭ˺Ȼ˫أ˳ȥ͹ͬʱֽΧסеĸ˲վţƾˡСﻹҶæˡ

ߵüͷ˵˵ԷôôָЩ˴ϼˣ

ʱѾ˵С΢΢˵۸С

ͷְı顣ɵЦе߹ȥ棬Լסļ˵аģͲҪ

ֺֺЦ֪Сһ֡

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˵鶼ˣԷȥɡɵһ𣬴ܵˮƽ

ɵЦ˵ǣҲҵϴ˭

һ䡰׳աȴ΢΢һСɵĻȣԵЦ⣬һ˲üΪˣ



                   69 

ڳԷԻطϢɵƾԼ޵еЦݺ粻֮ཫС˿һסڸķԱ

˯֮ǰڴϣĿɵ˵ɵֻСɡ

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˵𲻴Ӧ

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㣡ֱ׳Ļش

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㲻ӦƯüë΢΢š

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һ𡣡

ɵ΢ЦŵıѸʮʮȣǺǣͷһ޹Ǹְɡ

۾һͬˣ

ɵͷҵķϲôܲӦ˵ҲϲСġ

ǡһ˿ͽСðɡ

ţʲôɵУУ

ͽСã֡

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죬͸һ˿Ц⡣ɵ޶ԣһתյ˵ң㣬ȵʱңȴܹƻա

û˵꣬ǺһȭɵзֽסһǣЦ˵Ȼͽɣôϲ򣬾ͽˡ

ɵ֣һۣ˵Ҫ˯ˡ

ɵٺ١һЦһϣȻɵѸ˵㣬



ļ죬һֱѵ˳ҰѩҲûɷõҪ󡣳ûаѵĻᣬɵ͵͵ȥ˸һСԽ֣˷֣ڶ챻һȥһΡ

ͷλְ˿¼ţɵֻȻˡɵ绰һʾûɵľһ£һֲõԤȻ

½ɵ߳ȥӵ绰ι㡣

ɵ绰ǱеĽһɵ֣ȴûġ

ɵʵʲôˣ

΢һɣһ£Ҫʵش𡣡

ʲô

ǲ˹ϵ

ʵľȻôһ仰ɵһղֲõԤиԡĬƬ̣ɵ˵ǡ

ɵ϶Ļشֻһֽʧȴ־ȻĺһССĿӣȴֲûе˺Ѱʹûո֪µʱôķӦѾµĽϣõɵ׿ڵĳϣ֤ɵġ

ɵ˶٣ûӦ̽Ľһ㣿

̻عһ֪ô֪ģ˵㣬ڿ¼԰ɣ¼浽ҡ˵͹˵绰ɵֻվһᣬ˵Ȼֽ˷䡣

ĲɵĿ¼ɵӣľֵʱ˵ǣῧȷ˯㡣

ͷʵʲô𣿡

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ò׵˯ˣɵ棬ȥ˿·ϣɵ˵һǲ˵ĹϵˡҲε¿϶Сһʱ䶼е

˿ѾȵˣǰλãڵϿʲô֡

ߵǰɵЦŶ˵㣬˼ˡ

ڰ֣ʼǱתĻǣüͷ˵ȿɡ

ɵչȥһǴһ



                   70 

ֻʾһɵһƬϴܺɵļʱյġƬϵɵЦüģбС΢΢΢΢ľβסЦ⡣˿һڿ͸ůůĵƹ£һ綫գһ£˵Ŀ

Ǿȵı飬˵󿴡

ɵһۣһͼƬġҲϣͷǳ۰ı顣ͷ΢˵Ŀɰ

Ƭһſȥɵģ⼸췢¡гԷʱɵв˵ģѵϢʱɵëģȻȥСԽʱɵǣֵƬǣڹض̯ӱϣϺĹضðɵ˵ʲôϵЦԣɫĵƹ˵ϣһůӡһƬڴСԽֻȳСվյģɵļϣ۾˯ˣݳ滺ɵ§ļ磬ͷ۲쳣ᣬǼһ˿Цݡ

СƬģڳԷѵʱյģɵƬһȻǸ֣۴ӽǶȵѡʱİնǡôƬе˵ĸĳ˳

˿Ƭ𺳵УɵȻعǿЦЦ˵ǺǣҺͷûкӰЩƬĵð

һۣ㻹鿪Ц˵ſ㣬ЩƬǴģ

ûصԣ˵ǴŲµˣѩĵġ



ţͷѩδС־ߣӰЩѧʱ͵ùҼӰ󽱣ⷽ˵Ǿרҵˮ׼ġ

̫Ѩ˵ֲ⼸һֱȽͣԭ͵ЩƬ

ǵ˵ұ֪ǽϴʱ˹صԣżȻģʱͳһǿЩƬ͵͵Ͽģڲ߻ʲô£ʲôڲ߻ʲôֻҪЩƬȥǶԣǺܴ鷳

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ҡͷ˵ˣ˭Ҳ벻һǧС㾹ȻȥաôȰɡ

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˵пܣôҲ²

˵ôܸЩѾܸмˡ

ЦЦ˵ʵԼտʼҲһѩβ֪ĹϵӦûڲ²⾿ãɵҾɵЩƬ֤ݡ

ɵ˵Ժעһ°ɣҾܿжˡ

ͷ˵ģʲôٸ㡣



˻ȥ·ϣɵ˵¿϶סˣ͸Сɡ

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ɵȻûڴ˯Ҳǳһͬʱʣ㲻˯ô

һ˵ءʵΪϰɵߵϢɵ֮Ǿ˯ȣ𴲣ɵȻڣϵ£ǿ϶ɵ˵ġ

߹˵û˯ҲãʡûҪ𴲡

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˵󣬿ķӦޱ˵꣬ûκαʾɵ˵㣬ҪƬڱϡ

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ɵ㶣չһõЦݣзңһʲôµġ

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һ˵ǣС㣬ý屨£εıǺпܻᱻģҲ𣿡

ʶҧҧ촽ɵһĬƬ̣˵ҵȻġβܱζžʧȥһԼķʽֵġ

ɵỽһ㡱˵

̾Ϣ˵⹫̸Ǳأ

ͷαϣۣ˵⹫һȡǸˡ΢΢Цһû˵ȥ

˳Ĭһᣬ˵ɵȥʳҰѩûʲôɣûصءʵڲУС㣬һ⹫˵̽һķӦ

ɵͷۣ棬һ˾

΢΢Цͷ˵ģи磬ţɵ㶥ء

ɵЦ˵ǣôһء

˵˭ϡǰҶˡ

ֺֺЦС˵ϼ˵㾢һͷڷģü㣬պö㵽߹ɵɵסЦ˵棬鰡

ءߡһ˵ˣСһʶ˵վǷһȥ˯ˡ



                   71 

ڶ죬ɵҵæʳҰѩεôЩΪѣѩû׿ڸƬ£е㲻ء

ɵе˵֪Ϊˣ㣬ȷʵûбİ취ˡ

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ɵҪ뿪ĽŲһ٣תͷǳ˵ģҰ˵ºһЦת뿪

һվԭأЩ㶣һֱΪɵƵڶ׷ߣҲûжκһ࿴ȴû뵽һ죬ɵǰ˵һˡһʱ䣬Լۿеʪ֪Ǹжʧ䡣

վһᣬȻڱ˵ɵøո˵ʲôأ

ȻͷҰѩα˫վԼ䵭˵ûʲô

ҰѩǰȻЦЦ㣬һЩö벻뿴

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Ұѩ˵ط俴ɡ

˻ص䣬ȻҰѩΰԼĵɵƬ󣬳һ£ѩΣЩƬҪʲô

ҰѩεЦ˵㣬Ѿʲô˰ɣ˵㾿Ǻɵúأ潡˾

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ҰѩֵĿһ˵ЩƬҸﻹҪɷ

һһ㡭

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Ƭͱ⣬𾪣֪ڿһȥֱǲ롣˶ԳҰѩ˵ѩΣ֪ʲôҪ𣿡

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ôУô죿ֳ£ǻôμӱ

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㵵ĿĳҰѩΣβŵ˵Ұȥ̸ŰƬҿİɣ

ҰѩҲϣ˵ȥģ𣿡

̾Ϣһôӣ

Ұѩޱ˵˶ǻġ

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Щû׹ʲô

ҺҲϲǸˣҰѩЦҪӦҵѣҾͰƬȥ

óҰѩηˣ㲻Ǻ˵СǸôһ˵˵ɵĹϵʱס˿ڡ

Ұѩοžò˼ںЦ˵˭˵ģúÿ䣬ֻ꣬ںܶŮзҲʲôǰ˳ֻۣΪҲĹϵҸı俴ˣΪʲôⲻܣ

񿴸İһĿųҰѩΣһᣬɬ˵ҿ԰ȥԣǴ𲻴ӦҲұ֤



ϣԼɵ棬Ҳһˡ

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ҡͷֵ֪ܵĹϵҲûиһڵܿ棬ֱǵƬܡ֣һֵı⡪δĽ֮Ҫȫƽȥ

˶һһᣬ˵㣬鷳߳Ұѩν˾ұɡ

üͷ˵ȱٳ岻Ϳ˵ıǲʵĴ󱨵

ҡͷ˵Һɵ£ҲҪҲǣ

һЦǣʸûô

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ʵγֻ֪ǲ鷳ɵĻͷ˵Ҳá

ɵ˵͸ɴ˵ҺĹϵɣҲסˣҶҪ֪

һֱȻĿɵţ˿ʼĳԾûκεĻҺͺ£򾲵øʮ߰꣬ﲻɵöǶһʱɵԼ˵ԥһ£ǰԼǰһ˵˳ҪȻҲ绰ȰȰѩΣϾġ

ôһ˵ɵ㶣ȴ˵ãԼ飬Լе

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̾һֻ˵ȻȥˣһȰȰѩΣҪĴ㡣



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˻ص䣬һʱ䶼û˵һᣬ˵С㣬ҾóҰѩҪĿԺСͨ绰֮ȸ⹫绰и׼

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ɵĻšһ˵˾䡰лл㡱Ҷ˵绰ת˵־췢УֻҺ

վ˵Ǿͷֱ绰ɣȻȥ˵£Ȼô⹫˵

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ǣ˶΢Цţ΢Цðģͷ˵ʲô£Ҫ֪



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ڿɵȻĵкǸˣɵ䣬߶߶˵ѵ¡ɵһ£ûͷ˿ʵͷأ

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濴ɵɫ𺳻һּˡһᣬǹһ΢Ц˵ɵС㣬Ұñ磬ȴñҵȥȴڰ㣬ķڷ

һο˵ֻİص̫ã̫õʱЩһԶʧȥ



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ڶһ磬ɵճȥѵڸͷûбֳʲôرҲã￴ǼζֹӡͳҰѩζûг֡

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Ļ֮󣬿ʼóԾ澹Ȼһֵ֧̬ȣϸ֮ԼҲ;ûʲô˵ġЦ绨ĿԼ˼뿪ŵʱ򣬻οˮӯӯ۾Լ͵һ£Ȼʼɵĺˡ

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òѵ˵¸˵ææˡɵط򵥳裬һʱ䣬쵽ʮˣæȥ

ߵſڣɵ˿ʮһʮ塣ãûгٵɵ˶˽ȥ

һɵ̾Ϳ⹫ˮԽǰûмˮԽƬûм϶ֱ߿λõǸ˾⹫ΪźΪƵòʶмͬ

ɵߵˮԽǰһ˵ãɵá

ˮԽ΢΢ͷͰ˵ȶЩͳʽ䡣

ɵ¡ˮԽ´һ¶꣬Եĳ췢ǳº͵ݣϢ΢Цı顣ɵӭˮԽĿ⣬ֻоòƺͰϷһɷǳǿѹԾ΢΢ץɳıԵǱϣһҲûбʾ

ĬƬ̣ˮԽڵС£˾˵ˣҲ־Ƭĵû

ɵĿˮԽû뵽ĵһ仰ǿ佱ƬЦЦû˵ĵˮԽġ

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ɵһݣȻˡͷ˵Ļֱӽɵɡ

ˮԽ˶٣ĮȻ˵ҪС֣㿪ҪʲôҶһһõ

ɵֻһѸٳȵסûָļĽԼĹϵˮԽĮƶ̬˵Ļһ˲ķŭ

ˮԽɫĿڶһӶļ飬𼸷Īá

ܿѹԼɵŶźƵӵˣȥЦݣ̹Ȼ˵ǸҲͷ֡

ŶˮԽ΢΢üȻ˵ֻûˡƽĿǣȴ˴ѹȸС

ɵץɳԵֽ˽ȴһ˿Ц⣬˵

ˮԽżζĿʵ㲻ô

ɵЦһô⹫Ҳô֪û˸ȥ⡣ŲȥʰɣǸˣڱУԶẦµ˰ɡ

뵽ɵıȻǵĿǣô

Ǳ׼ʽĻشˮԽСʱӵһδձֵʱС߶ˡȫ˶Ҫ˵ʱСѲֵľҵ˻ˮԽͷС㣿ղ²£

СƲƲ˵ô

ˮԽʱ㶣ȻҡҡͷƯ۾˵ΪʲôҪ£

뵽ˮԽ︡һ㵭Ц⣬ȴɵ𣺡¡

ˮԽĳԾˣΪԶ˵¡֡

ɵˮԽ˵ֻ·лܵ˺

ˮԽĬƬ˵͸ӦΪ֡Ӧ֪¶㶼ɼΪõӰ졣

ɵЦЦˣһԥ֡ǵĸΪĸҲ̸ֵġֻҪңԸҹͬЩһʹѹҲÿ֣ҾͻһֱᶨƵվߡҪģֻȫȫذֵͬѹΪӱáҾͲֵȥ

ɵһ˵ЩֱˮԽʵûһЦݣᶨ

ˮԽǿҵ𺳣Ǳ̽ɵ̬ġɵı⣬ԥĲȡһֶηֿǡɵջ󣬲вҲƫͣҲ÷ġΣˮԽ΢Ц˵콡˾ڵ绰˵㲻ٺûƽٿ佱˵ģȷʵ

ɵŶ˻ָº͵Цݣа˿ȴеεĿЦƽǷȷ黹Ҫ죬ֱλ⹫洫ˮԽɵæָԼº޺Ц˵ˡ

ˮԽ΢̾һ˵С˵°ɣ

ɵһ㶣漴֪˵ʲô˵ģҾ÷һܵ˺ġ

ˮԽ̾ĴͷЦ˵ǾͰҺúչСɡ

ɵ漴һϲˮ

ˮԽҡͷ˵˵Сǽ⹫ġ

ɵ̸Ŀڣлл⹫ģһúչ˷ġ

ˮԽЦó绰˸ţ˾Сɡ

ɵλϣķɿץסɳԵ֣һƬԭ֪䣬ǳֵ亹



                   74 

ûãҴҽȺˮԽкɵһۣվˮԽǰͷ⹫

ˮԽЦԼߣ˵óʱûмˣֳء

ͷû˵ڶЦ˵ǣҸ߳ͷˡ

ˮԽ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵յʱҪȥģʱ˵ûɡϸ绰ûˡ˾˵һȥˣ

šһһɵɵЦ쳣õ˦һ۸

ˮԽȤĿˣǺЦһ˵С㣬С˺ܺð˼

䣬һӺˣˮԽһ£Ȼ˵⹫ǣȻɵõı飬ѾµˮԽ̬ȣǾе㲻⹫ͬǵ顣

ˮԽͷ̾Ϣ˵ɵӣǰӦҪԼϲô᲻Լϲһء

仰ɵΪʲôˮԽô׵ľͬǵ£Լء֮⣬ΪŰŮĳŵ۰

ˮԽˮһ︡һǳǳˮȻֻס⹫ļ磬ͷľѣһ˿ʣ⹫

ɵɵɵĿһǰԳӰһ棬ǰٷ֮ٵ¶ͻȻжԸӡҺһ⹫ԼҲһ裬һȺᶨ֧ԼѡûǣȻԼҲ·ؽߵüΪѡ

һߵ˲۽ǣЦ˵С㣬ôˣ⹫

̧ͷմһĨΣҪǼʣҲġ

㡭֪Сƽʱ죬ֻҪ˵ܰð

ˮԽԱֵܣ泩Ц˵ˣҲùõˣϻҪϻض˾СãСͽˣúչ

ɵˮԽСã֪ѾȫԼˣæĴӦˣᡰߡһ˵ҲŲҪչء

ˮԽĿ˵չǺõС㣬ͺͽ˾ضɣСҲһɡ˵ӵĶӣ

ɵͷ˵ǰ˵

ˮԽЦ˵ˣڶļҾƵģǶ⣬ù档

ɵЦ˵ĶҾ͸Ķˡ

һۣԼȺˣĵ˵Ƥ񡣡

ˮԽЦվ˵Ҿˡ

Ӽæվſڣ˾һֱſڵţǳæүСүСүɵ֪ʲôҲ˸ʣүͻضô

ˮԽͷҪϳ˵⹫עⱣ塣ˮԽļ磬Ц˳һ߶˾˵壬һ㡣˾ӦţҲ˳˵˼仰ˡ

ԶȥĳӣɵһסļƵ˵㣬ҵıǲǻ

һۣȴŲزסɡȴüͷ˵֪ں͸ͷλôء

ɵ£ֿ̧˿˵ѵˣҲû˰ɡ˵ſ˿㡭ֹ

бһۣ˵һ䣺׳գĬӣ˵Ǳʲô

ɵЦ˵Ҳûй涨˵̸ֹ

˵ţȻ˵һ䣺ˡ˶һ̧ͷں͸ͷλ߹˶һۣһӭȥ

ɵڣ̽һ䡣

ڿ˿ɵúֵ۹⿴˿ӭڴĿ⣬Ц˵ûˣȥ׼ѵɡ

һ仰˵˶˿ı飬ɵ潻һ񡪡Сӣ˵ʲô£ʵܲܲμӱںòˡ

ɵŬŬ죬ߣԼڣ˵лл

ڿһۣҡͷ˵ûгʲôʱ˺ҪʵʩҺ͸ͷ˵˺ܶûûʲôЧڽֵʱŽ˺ü绰Ȼ̬Ⱦ˸һٰʮȵĴת䣬ǽκδ˵ʲôڵĺ֮Ļ֡˵ڿԶıӰ˼˵ɵҾôкܴͷ˶ʩѹҴӵ绰ֹһˡ֪ģ˵ʵļǲǷǳãѹȥ

ɵˮҵʵȷʵܹһ㣬ǳ⹫⣬벻бʲôʵõʩѹźԼĽɵϿҵ˵ļôǶѧǳģһúôġ

ڿɵûֱӻشԼ⣬ѾһˣҲͲû׷ȥֻļ˵ȥѵɡ

ɵӦһ֣׷˹ȥ



                   75 

ѵǰʱɵ˵ڵĻҲú֡ˮԽ֪飬ᴦУ˵Ĳֹһˣ벻˭ˡ

һ߿ɵֹģüͷ΢΢һ壬ҪȥȴƳݲһΪϤӰһһŲ˹ȥվʣȥģ

ͷҲص˵һ䣺ȥһ¡첽˹ȥ

ţǸӰĺһСҲǰıӰһתһòӣһ޿۾ͷǺܸߣһңƫݣ˿ϴžϲȴֻŻֵ̿ı鿴ǳҰѩεǰѡСҲ

תʵ㵽ʲô

СҲεЦЦ˵ҿ־ˣҲ˵ԭίΪҵԭô鷳ǱǸ

СҲûлشԼ⣬üپȥתҪߡСҲҪߣѿڽе㡭һȡ

ͣ½ŲתͷСҲǰһ̰ĿŶ˽Լ˼ĺľգסЩϴε£ĺܺڣԼԼȻ㣬ԭҺҷҾˡ

ԴȵĿСҲװʹı飬һʱе㲻š㡱ĻȻһŹ˵Ĺӿ˵

СҲûпڣΪûԭԼ鼱֮һס֣Ľû˵ĻͻȻͱͬϣʲô

СҲһȥɵ滹վݲţҰѩκվһߣСҲ֣ղŵɵͳҰѩͬʱġ

ԭɵ˵껰ϰԵ̧ͷȴȻڳϡһ֮˭ˣ˵ղſӲųȥˣɵźʲôȥˡһţ㿴СҲ֣ʱڳԾУһʱҲ˦

СҲҰѩεģԼſ棬СҲ̲סӲŽȥ뿴ȴϸպñˡ

վɵߣСҲԾ˵СҲôˡ

СҲɵ˵˾СҲץȻûзӦе㲻ζʱع˦СҲ֣һ߹ĳҰѩκתͷҪȥѵ

Ұѩȴ˵㣬㻹Լѵ滹ͱ岻ġ

һڣĽŲһ٣ڳ˶ɫСҲȵѩΣϹ˵ʲô

ҰѩЦһ˵˵𣿸ղʱڳ˶ˡҪǹ⹴㣬ܵˮƽţ⻰˵üΪ̣͵ػͷɨҰѩһûлعСҲһѾϡ

㶣ҰѩøĴ˵㾹ȻңΪһֻʶһ˴ңĶãΪһŹ˵𣿡

ȥҰѩԽԽ׵Ļɵĵûнɫתȥҧҧ촽Ҳݡ

˶һۣһȰųҰѩΣСҲվһԸͲѾˣҪʲô£ЦѵҪʼ˵˻ȥ

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ѵˣ˷ͷһȰһȴɵʰ֮˵ҳȥһ£ˡ˵ŲػҲԼŰˡ

Ա㶣Ҳ˵ֻǴͷʰԼĶļ˵С㣬ɵ

̧ͷ˵ˡ

桰šһ˵ǳԴˡСҲ֣û˦ԳԴˡ

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ͷԱ˵Ц˵ǸСҲû治ǻš

ȻʲôƵ˵ɵ˵ڽ˵ֹһ˸ʩѹ⹫ڿпСҲ

˵ǿĺ˰ɣϾÿڶȥ͵򣬻Ǻ˸жġ

ɻĿ˵˵ʲôµʱɵûи֪

룬øҲûʲôһţһ߰ѳҰѩι˽̽СҲÿܵδ˵˵˵С㣬ҪҪԭԼɣҶ֧ľġ

ͷ˵Ȼطˡ



˳ԷʱɵȻûлĲɵİ˼ڷ˵Աˣվͻȥˡ

ӣľıӰֵ棺ɵôˣѵ;ǲԾ

Цһû˵뿪Ц˵ӣľ㲻濴ôٶ

ӣľ˵Сǲ֪ʲô

˵֪ʲôҲһֱһ𡣡

ӣľҪ˵ʲôվ˵ҳԱˣزȥ

վ˵߰ɡ˵Ÿһȥˡ˵ıӰԽҰ˵˿϶֪Щʲô

˶͵ĵͷȴڶԵ˲ȥʣ֪ʲֻñһʣͷԷ

һصͿʼԹɵҲǵģƽʱС㣬ȴһԾˣСҲûԺá

汧Թŵӣĵһ̣˵ûҲûԺ÷¸˭Ҳ㲻ΪǨŭɵɡɵһ㷴ӦҲûУǲŲء

һκһԼȥ̣Լһˣ治ʡġոչ⹫һأӦúúףģȴôһ

Ц˵¶ĥͲҪˡɵͨˣԼͻˡƽʱ̫õġ

һۣ˵Ըɡ



                   76 

˵ûûɵĿĵйһᣬһһ˲١ſ·һݣͽȥһ档ʱԼûи˵ô룬Լûڣ֪ûչ˺ԷԱûС

ţȥͼպôݳ濪ʼɵͼæ˸ظϡ

ߵſڣɵһ£֪ȥ֮ôû׼˯ˣĵĿţֱӾϿȥһ㶣ûˡ

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һɲõԤУɵתȥţɵҪ˵ɵƿԼ˷䣬תͷĴš˵ɵˣʲôأ

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ü˵ô˵źȻʶʲôվɵʣڷ䣿

ɵҡͷҸջط䣬ڣֻҲûߣΪء

һӼˣôˣȥĶ

ɵ˵ղҿİҲڣӦòȥɡҪȻӣľ

æóֻ˵ӣľ

ɵ涼绰һͨæʣӣľôǱ߻شҡҡͷ˵䣬˵绰

ĬƬ̣˵˵ɵòǳȥ˰ɣ

һɵ涼Ӧ濴ɵͿʼ䣺㣬û³ʲô磬һԲܳȥСϷҲûúóԡ

һʦļƣæˣ棬ڲ˵ʱ򡣡˵ֶɵ˵ȷʵˣʱСҲֻԭһʱûӦûмʱ˦֡Ҿºжϣ绰ʩѹӦþСҲ

ɵʱͺԼʱ̫嶯ͳȥˣҲ֪ɡûС

桰ߡһ˵֪żˣҳԷɴ׵ʱȥˣСôãѵ֪ʲôˣǸҰѩ˦ɫ˭أ

ɵЦ˵棬֪ˣҵٽŽѵҺ𣿡

ɵô˵ɫ΢һ£ߣ˭˽ѵ㡣˵žȥףҺͷȥ

ɵҡͷ˵ϢɣȥˣһˣҲ֪һȥңҵ˾͸Ǵ绰ԼˣǾ͸Ҵ绰

滹˵ʲôɵ˵ȥɣɡ͵绰ȥǷϢ

ɵææţ˵ң

΢΢һ˿įЦ˵ǵ£Լȥɡ

ĬȻƬ̧̣ͷ΢Ц˵ҲǡһģȴǺһįıˡ



ɵææɡţѾȫſڣɵԥһ£֪Ǹߡһ˼֮ǰȥСԽֵķȥ

꽥Ĵɵ֪ûдɡؽһ߿һ߻֣ֶҪߵͷˣûпӰɵǼǻڣļ֮ʣȴȻ䶨ס˽ŲŵĽһ㣿

ֻбڽ־ͷվĹ£ûɡڵͷ͸ˣڶͷϣˮ˳ŷµΡɵļ́ͷ·µɫ׵ˣɵ۾ȴһ

ɵдʹܹȥɡͷϣһ˵ôɡ϶ʪ͸ˣ䲻䣿˵żæԼ׹ϡ

·Լס˵ɵ㲻𣿡

ɵ·һ漴һѽ۵˵㣬ôأ涼˵ˣʱᡣҲãԲҲһġ˵öԣҳԷɴףȡ֡㣬ҪͷҶԲԣӣ˵ĳͷˡ

ɵĻУе΢΢Ĳ̧ͷ˵Ҹ绰ػˣųġ

ɵͷϵˮ˵ǿȥɣǻء

ͷ˴˳æ˱ݡ



                   77 

ȵĽ˽ţ˵ӭȥȴʪ͸ĹɵףɫΪ԰סݺݵĵɵһۣʲôҲû˵ͽԡңȻҲɵԼһһĳ̡

ɵɫеڨڨģڴĿһۡӣҲ۵ҪĲɵĶɵ˸Īı顣

һԡͷĬˣ㶣漴üͷ˵˾ộֳ

Ц˵꣬ҳҵ̣ܵô

֪Լ͵Ҹճȥǻỹû꣬ûдɡ

濴˵֮ôϻۡ

ԥ˵տʼ겻ҾңԼ̫æûǮ

ɵһĶҪˣվ˵棬ңˡ

ʱҲԲ˵ǣ꣬˯ɡ

濴һеĿԼɵһСĵģ̲סƲƲ죺ùǡ˵վҪȥ

סһ˾΢üǸȻ

̾һͷε˵ˡС󣬶һгԵģҲˡ˯ɣ컹Ҫѵء

ô˵ŷſͷ˵Ҳ˯

ǳţɵ䵽ߣͷ˵ӻ˰˵ųһ⹫ʱûôֲ

Ƴһۣһ䡰׳ա˵žҪϴ˯ɵ߹ȥڴߣһԲĿ﷢ë۵˵˯Ÿ

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˶Ƭ̣ɵỽһ㡭

ܵȵԼƣŪöģɵòͷɵ˵

ɵͷͷƵģ㣬Բ𣬽ҡ

û˵֪꣬̾Ҫ˵ʲô̴׳գѾ˵Բˡ˵Ҳûʲô

ɵҡͷ˵ǣҲһԲܳȥˣҲ֪ôˡҸ㣬Ūġ㣬㱣֤ҾԲˡ

ѵõһӣ΢΢͸ЩЦ⣺ȥ˯ɣ𴲾С

ɵһǣЦ˵ϡ



ڶһ磬ɵͷ˿洲ϵˣϸһЦݡߵߣȿȥϴȴɫ죬üͷ΢΢ţܲԾ

꣬ɵæĶͷһĶͷ̣ȻڷաɵҲ˲ûᱻæ˵绰ȥӹҽ

һᣬҽҴҹһ£ʮ˶壬˵Ϊ꣬ٲһ䡣Ȼ˵յҩ˼䣬뿪

ɵҩỽ㣬㣬ҩˡ

Ѿ۾ɵһ£ѵ𣿡

ɵ˵㣬㷢ˣѾˣȰҩˣ

üҪ𴲣Ҫѵ

һߵ˵СˣμӲˡʱҲˡ

΢΢죬Ȼûټ֣һ˵ӡЦ˵úţðѣͺˣҪݵıϳ

ɵҲ˵˵ö԰㣬Թ԰ҩˣ˯һ˵ͿԲμѵŶ

űˣֻò鲻ԸĳҩԹ˯

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ͻȻˣСҲһţֻ˵㲡ˣŹġ

ɻĿôģɵӦòԿײŶԡ

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Сֺµı飬΢΢ƲƲ죺ҿˡ

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ҡҡͷ˵СҾлл㡣

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ҲһȴЦ˵ʲôǱϾһ𳤴ģôĸ飬ġ

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ҲһŬĿ΢Ц˵ɵ۸㣬ң

ᡰСһᡣǺĽƶ

Ҳ̲סЦˣͷȴڰͣסջԼ̫Ѩ˵˯һɣðҪ˯

šһأ

Ҳ˵ͻضˣ˯ߣ𣿡

˵ͷˡҲעΪնźĺӰ˯գճտ˰죬վųȥ߳ţȴɵڶǽϣûʲôĿԼһ㶣Ĺ,ӭɵĿһɵã



                   78 

˶Ƭ̣ɵϸһ߳ЦݣСҲĿ⵭ʣʲôʱģ

ɵЦЦ˵᲻µʱ򡣡

СҲĬӣ̧ͷ˵ллúö˵תҪߣɵڱסӦǸŮʲô

ҲŲһ٣ûлش𣬼ǰߡɵ׷˵Ƕ黹ǽ飿

Ҳıһͣ½Ų˵ʵ̫ˡ

ɵվ㲢ϣ

ҲȻתɵ΢΢˵㲻Ҫ

ɵȻı飬Ҳһת˵ʵҲûʲôá˭ʲôϵأ֮䱾лԼҪѼ帺ΪԼһأջûܵõĽ֣עĶѣ˵ףҲûʲôϵ˵ЩҲҲûиɵ˵Ļᣬ첽뿪

ɵվԭأʧıӰ΢΢һ̾Ϣ



ܿ͵˱ʱĸðͺˣδϯ׷ޱǿȫϡͰĺεз棬ɵĴСǰ档ͷɵϻĴǣʽʱ˵ϾȻĬ˾˵ĳ̶ȣλԼһͰλͶַϳﴩ滻϶ԱǼʱָӣľ˶Ŀ࿴δ˳µ¹ھλԱҲһ

Ժɵ˶պҲŷ޷ɻһֵĹꡣ

֮ܿͿѧˣΪҪڶϵѧˣɵȻصδ

¸ߣɵһ·˵ߵ˼ңȻʲôƵ˵ӦȥӼҵġ

ΪȥԵʣǰѴСӼɵӼң֪ҪСӻЦ˵ҲһʱɣȰѶ£Ϣһ£ٴ绰˼ڲڣԼʱٹȥɡ

һҲǣͷڰ﷭ԿףŽȥɵЦ˵ˡȴȻһ٣ĿȻ

æһվߣɫĶɳϵˡԭ

ɵվߣ֣㣿

ɳϱ粻ĸףӲһ䣺ôˣ

ԭſڵĶԻһֱţôһʣ½ֱߵ־ˤǰŭҪٲֻ»֪ԼӶЩʲô¡

ɵͷ˿־ķԼƬȴԭ䵭˵ûʲô˵¡

ԭָ־˵⻹м˵£ϲʲô˲ãҪϲһˣҪԺô̧ͷˣҵ㶪ˡ

ɵǰһҪ˵һסЦŶԭ˵ȻǶϾӹϵɣҸգӴ˸ûκιϵ

ɵô˵֮ҪȰȴɳϵԭ͵վʵ˵ʲô

ɫ԰׵ĵһһٵ˵˵Ͼӹϵû˵꣬ԭŭһסڡ˳輸ϵĲ˹ȥ

ɵһĶæһͬʱԼǰһպõǰžһôɵͷϣȻڵϣˤ÷顣

ɵסͷѪ˳ָƻϣɵͷѪ̻ˣɵô

ɵ΢΢һЦ˵û¡˵תͷԭº͵Ц̱ñ䣺治ǰ֣Լӳ֣Ⱥ׼ͷǲֺ

ԭǿŭ֮˳ˤ˹ȥҲû뵽ҪˣɵѪһʱҲסˡ

޺޵Ŀһۣɵ˵ߣȥҽԺ˵ҲԭصԭԺɵš

ɵֻǶͷˣûʲô󰭣ҽȡ鲣˶һҲûˡһֱĺ޺ޱ飬ɵ֪ԭ£ǿЦ˵㣬˼ˣҪ˼ҸŶ

һЦݣûʲôƵĵһۣҽ˵ˣƲġ

ɵһͰ͵˵ôôûͬ

ˣû߳СһǰһۣǶ˵ô࣬Ҫǰ档

ɵһ㶣漴˵ҵҪỹûء

Цۣ˭Ҫ㱣ˡ

ɵЦе˵֪㲻ұǿˣԼ˻ҪʹȨȡᰡ

̲סһ䡰׳աϱȴղˡ



                   79 

˻صԭȻѾˣɵźһֱɳϣָֻղӣ룬߹ȥ˵㣬ʲôأ

ҡҡͷû˵ɵסļ磬˵ʵҲȫ㸸ס

Ŀһۣ㲻

ɵЦЦ˵ҵʱֻǹȻ֡һ룬˵ҪϾӹϵǴڼŭвŻġҿóǺģȻҲΪ¾ôˡ

ɵ˵Ǻġʱɫ΢΢˱䣬ȴû˵ɵ΢΢ļ磬ЦŲ˵Ӵ绰Լʱӻɣþòˡ

šһɵԹԵȥ绰˵֮תЦ˵ӣľԼأҪѧˣҪǽǸǵң

һۣġ

ɵҲ˵绰ָǺͲӴ˵绰קͳšӣľȻһۡеķŭӣ֮ȴʵǸ˵ġȻʼӣľɵͷϵ˵ʱһ˲ƣ֪ɵԼɢɢģҲûбֳɵԼŹӦȥˡڽʺӣľһ֮Ҳھ泩˲٣ʱԼȥԭ顣

ڶ쿪ѧ˸ȥѧУʱɵԽҰڶ£Ȼ绰ˣһȻԭĵ绰ԼɵУſڼ档ԽҰһҡͷ˵⹫ףɵ㻹⽻æ

ɵЦĶԽҰ˵̫˧ûа취

һУţɵͿԭֱվУſһࡣһɵòϣȻĳĸףʾŴԭͦζһеơ

ɵߵԭǰ΢ЦϹĸףȻϲҲòġȻʵʲô£

ԭ¿˿˵̸ĵطô

ɵ룬У԰ԱߵĿȹݡ֮ԭɵ˵ͷϵô

ɵЦЦ˵˶ͷѣûʲô¡

ԭĬһ£ƺôڣɵ棬Ҳû˵ԭ˵Ҫ֪ҶСİ⹫κһ٣ֻǣҲ֪ȥദرǣȥ֮һֱңԼҲױĻŭǵĹϵ

ɵԭгԾı顣ôҲû뵽ԭһʼȻ˵Ļ

ԭɵı飬˵Ծһ˵ⷬô

ɵͷ˵ˡֱԣûеġͯ꣬һֱںڰС

ԭһ˿ı飬漴ָ֮ǰĮȻ˵öԡʲô˵ˡ

ɵ˵ôңҪ˵ʲôأҪǷֿǸǾͲ˵ˣҲӦġ

ԭӵĿ⿴ɵ֪С⹫ҹˣҲ֪ĬǵˡʼǻǸεġ

ɵ²Ҫ˵ʲôųĬ

ԭڳзһǳǳıǼ飬һֱܺڡҲ㲻ţһֱˡ

ɵЦһڻ̲ס˵Ϊʲô£һڷȢʲô

ԭһ㶣ɫ漴һȥûбҪͣҲûбҪšҽ㣬ֻ㣬ԼܹС߶Զأ

ɵ˼Ĵǻһֱȥ

ԭЦ˵Լ໤˵һҪأ

ɵᶨĴһһȥ

ԭɵΣޱ˵Ϊ֮˵վҪ뿪ɵվɻ˵

ԭ˵ȻҲɢǣʾҾͬǵĹϵֻʱСҶϾϵѡ֪һ˵óõ

ɵ̲ס΢΢Цһ£ѾϿˣȴӲ뵽ı飬ɵ˵ȻԸ˵ԸһôҲԭģҿóӰܴ󡣡

ԭҡͷ˵е£ˣԶòԭˡ˵Ŷ˶٣ɵ˵ܿ㵲СǰǸǳڱܵһֱ룬ĸӦġǣ˵ԭûټȥˣɵһ֣תˡ

ɵһѧУȥһ룺ԼҪʲô׺ͺˡŽַԺ󣬳һ˵ҪԽ˰



                  ջ

ѧָֻ֮ɵ±֮ڿѧ˺䶯߶ﰵָָ㡣ӵ˸ûʲôӦ֮һɵһںɵӣȻޱ䵭˰Լ֮Ҳͽˡ

ʱϿκѵ֮ߡþ͵˴Ѿõ˽ڡ

ѵʱյǰ˵˽ڰɵûʲôĿ

ãȻĿһۣ˽ڣ˵ֲɵһ֣صĶѵҪߣȥƽʱȥһϣ˵Ҫףһ¡

ȵ˵㲻᲻֪˽ڰɣղŻ·ʱûзЬ˶𣿡

ղһЬȫǰװɫĺӣ˵ͷ˵СӣЩŮ֪ɵˣôɿ㰡

˵ҪͶȥˡ

Цõ˵ôһɿȻҪԼյá

˵ţӣľһһɫĺ˹һ꣬תġ

ŶЦ˵ɿ㲻ô

ӣľֿЦ˵ҲһݣĻҪ󣬸Ҫ

˵һ䡰ġתºӾȥѵˡıӰЦŶӣľ˵ӣľ벻뱨Լᱻ˵һ֮𣿡

ӣľ˵ô

ָָ˵˽ڣɵ϶˽ĿҪҲȥմ֣

ӣľ۷Ź˵֪ǰʲôĿ

ٺЦ˵⻹ôˡ

ӣľĵͷЦ˵ȥ绰ֺ£ҲġëС꣬Ҳ˿Ű

ò׵ѵˣ򵥳軻·Űææĳݡӣľͻ·ſڣ̸ȥӿǹĶ֣߹ȥʣǸʲô

ŵһͷǲӣ˿˸ꡱĶСİѼƻ˵˵˷Ҫ룬ŵĽ˹ǺӡҡͷЦۿԽԽ࣬ɵҲˣ֪֪᲻ᷭ

ԶԶĿһϸ绰˵˵ַһᣬ浽ˣϾȻһյ⡣ɻı飬Ľ˵Ƕ֪ɣɵա

ӣľȽȻǸĴɨѣվȻ˽ڡ

ΪȵĿ˵ô֪

Ц˵ղŸҴ绰ʱ򣬸պûߡڼѵʱԽҰһ䣬ĵʱԽҰ˵ġղһɵ̾˵ˡ

˵ǸˣʲôϽȥɡ

˵һ˺ƺƵĽ˲̾ͿŵɵЦ˵ʲôǣɵЦһֵĻͷ˾ôˣ

һõЦָָĵ˵ɵء

ɻĿɵգ

ɵɥ˵˼ٸ˵ģ̫ˡ

ʱӣľѾֵɵԱ˵ɨͷжɣ˵ſ˿Χ̫ˣôˣӰɡ

ɵֱƵҪӣľ㲻ΪϴƻӵԼιҵİɣ

ӣľشЦ˵ˡ

һѾкŷԱˣվֱߵǰ̨ߣ˵仰ͷӦˣŻ

ɵ˵㣬˵ʲôˣ

˵ûʲôò˵͡

ɵ֪ĶȻˣҲֻ̾˸߲ҵһȺתƵ˱ĵط

ұ߳ԱģʮǢɵдһ˿Цӣľȫϵ£ûһ˿˵˼͵͵ĳ˳·С˵㣬类ƻˣͲź

ƮƮǴż˵ɵģȴȻ˵׳գ˽ڵȻҪ˹գϲһף

ɵһ漴ֿЦ˵仰˵ñȽϴһתͷɵЦ˵Ƿû͸Ұ

ûش˵ԼȸС㣬Ҫĸȥ

ҡͷסЦ˵Ȼɣյöɿȫ͸㵱ˡ

ɵҪ飬ȴȻͷͣóССĺӾ¶˳͵ɵǰÿ˵ɣҪҲûйϵ

ŴһϷı̲סЦ⣬ɵùһߣȻ˵Ҳɣ㣬ǺϻȡЦҡ

һûƿҲԼϣֻ˵һ䣺׳ա

һһ˵ţľ˹˵׼ˡ

ɵֱ壬ʳ˴ҶʵĻ㣬׼ʲô

վȶԾ˵ллŻһˣɵ˵׳ա˵Ŵλ˳ȥ

ֻɵ˶ܺô̵ʱɵ׼ʲôĿתĿȻߵ̨棬ŵĸٺ

̾ҪʲôˣˢˢĿɵĿĽҲ̾ϢһЩ˵ĪɵһѾ̨ϵڵƹ·ǳֻͣϢ

ԸϵˣɵǱ߿һۣһ£˵˽ڣףò͵пǽտ֡ˮȴƽʱ˼ᣬò͵Ŀ˺ܶ࣬Ҳкö죬ȴԼͬĮ̇üĿꡣ

һͣ٣ɵ˵Ҳ˵գ뵯һ׸͸ףտ֡

һƬɵ˵Ǿ䡰ˡۿһȣҪ

ٵһ׷ǳϸ衶Love Me TenderèͳصȴǱһζԼģʲô֮Բƣ

Love me tender, İң

Love me sweet, ۵İң

Never let me go. ߡ

You have made my life complete, ʹҵԲ

And I love you so. ˰㡣



Love me tender, İң

Love me true, İң

All my dreams fullfilled. е붼ʵ֣

For my darlin' i love you, ΪװģҰ㣬

And I always will. һԶ㡣



Love me tender, İң

Love me long, Զң

Take me to your heart. ҵУ

For it's there that I belong, Ϊ

And we'll never part. ǽ롣



Love me tender, İң

Love me dear, 鰮ң

Tell me you are mine. ң

I'll be yours through all the years, ҲԶ㣬

Till the end of time. ֱĩա



Love me tender, İң

Love me true, İң

All my dreams fullfilled. е붼ʵ֣

For my darlin' I love you, ΪװģҰ㣬

And I always will. һԶ㡣



һĬӣűһȻ֪˭ȳһ䡰ףտ֡˿ʼһվߵɵǰ΢Цãտ֣

ɵվ۾Щ죬ֻ˵һ䣺㡭˵ŽıסȵҺڵǵһȻ˿ʼͷڴҵУɵ㣬Ұ㣬һԶ㣬սᡭ



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С˵д˽֣һˡ

һдС˵Ȼд18֣ͷ룬̫಻ףҽסҪƤΪԼĹơʵмкܶдȥҪͣͻȻ뿪ʼдһ¶ƪת뵽ԼÿÿЩûĺʱ־źĸоڻҧˡ֪ԼˮƽʵޣϣԸһĽ֡

Ȼûλǵԣ֧ҾǰҧˣҲǼֲģԷǳϵ˵һ䣬ллܹⲻרҵıдµĹ£ܹŶꡣϹing

˵һ˵ƪ¡дʵ֮ǰĹѾȥԶɵĲҲֻܽһѡĵڶУȥһֱȽϲƽӺܶϷݣһϲҲǳź£ŲСڶˣԺдҲֻһˡ

ʵԹеԼͷٶʱҲɵɵĻԭҪö࣬ʱԳһ棻ɵҲܶдޱǿ󡣵ʵҲҵı⡣ܾãǱϾֻʮ꣬㾭ͨҪһЩҲվֻѡһʼͲû㽫дòʳ˼̻ɵܣȻĻۣƪиԣԼĵȻϲȴһֱsdԭͺϲԾ̲סһСĽԼеĬĬغȴΪʹĺ

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