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һʥּټҳն뵱һһ. 

˭뵽,濴ǳնĹټǧ.ʵɵ. 

ɵ,һǶ. 

ȻĲ⵱һ.Ϊ׷ԼҸ. 

Ǻ,㿪ʼһϵ,,Ϸˣе¼,ֻΪŭ,һ. 

,⵱обŰ.,Ϸˣ,ŭ,Ȼذ. 

һƿɢʱִŵģȴǱ˴ˡ 

㲻һλʱ˷ǣ˹ѳ˺ȥãã 

һʢѤöĿϣûüűѵ㡣 

ִŵģԭͷֻǾлˮ£ջϲһȴĿ̹ǵˡ 

üһֿŹ˵ͬʱҲƴԼ 

˵Ⱳһ£ȴ޻ڣֻ氮޻ڡ 

˵ô顣ʹһУôʹ 

˵㰮ʱȴ¶֪뿪ʱȴǿ̹ġ 

˵ֱҿ֡ 

ӣҴһͿɣҲԣ

һ 

ڤڤԪꡣ

ҥ
ŮС

żŮɣ
һշּС
Ժǣ
ɵŮ䣿
Թ̾

һʱ׳ŮеҥڹǣΪΪҲǰĵĻ
ֱгԿ֪⿴һ׮Ц˾ĳŮ¼ᳫУ˿⣬ЦĳɵŮ

ѽ˵Ҳ֣µһôͿûҪĳɵŮƫƫҪȢΪأ
֪֪͸ҵĽӡ

ŮС

żŮɣ
һշּС
Ժǣ
ɵŮ䣿
Թ̾

һʱ׳ŮеҥڹɣΪΪҲǰĵĻ
ֱгԿ֪⿴һЦ˾ĳŮ¼ᳫУ˿⣬ЦĳɵŮ

ѽ˵Ҳ֣µһôͿûҪĳɵŮƫƫҪȢΪأ
֪֪͸ҵĽӡ

ŮС

żŮɣ
һշּС
Ժǣ
ɵŮ䣿
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һʱ׳ŮеҥڹɣΪΪҲǰĵĻ
ֱгԿ֪⿴һЦ˾ĳŮ¼ᳫУ˿⣬ЦĳɵŮ

ѽ˵Ҳ֣µһôͿûҪĳɵŮƫƫҪȢΪأ
֪֪͸ҵĽӡ

ϲĹϲĻͼǵղʲôģллˣ




Ц

һ괺ôʤʶ

ǡ
ػش︴գݳݺɡ

΢ΣȥƬƬ䣬λůϴͻ鵱һӣӣڤʮ뵱֮Ůܷܷɻ顣Լһʶãϻʵ۷Ѿ˼רʿƵգ˼Ȣ

ʱջˮԲҴһιܿൽʮա

գ콫δ޳ƺƵӭ׶һ·ؽŸǧӡǴӱнڽһԺ˯Ȼ㱻˻ڣ֮ʱڽС˻ᣬ˯˸ҪѾѣڽ˯ó

峿*ģٻޣϲĴһ˫ϲָ߹ǰͥ۵λãһµﱻѾ߲ɲ

һء
ݸá
޶԰ݡ
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񡭡ϲġɡֻδĲɵ̧ͷʱһСģһ£ͬ˿͵ײһͷͷ׿ʶײĲᣬüӲʹû뵽ȴ

รʹӺֵŶͷʹȴڳÿһλķıЩȽϲ̲סЦ.

Щ͵ɣЦΪϲｫ붴³źʹͷɵ·򱼣˵أŪʲô©Ц

㡭ʲôһûһ£ЩվȺˤֱۣڶķȹ󣬴ͷϵϲ׵ؾƮ˵ϡ

һӣ,ɰϲǰֻü䣬ۺЦ֬ѩС̺ӣң֋ˣһλǰŮ˸еЩʵ·ʳ˼̻ӡ




۲

Ȼ˵һﲻȾ˳סҲɵһͣ˱ߵĽŲֵĴ˲ѻȸ

Ѿ棬ǴԾڴߵһĨǳЦȻǼСɵ⣬Сòȴ٣Ҳѹǻ𾪡ΪСҵһ˿ƽ⡣

ۣ㣬ѽ˶Ƶ߲ߵĵڣȴ̾ӵ˿ɵӣ۲ֱ㡱

ֻ˹ɫ𪲻һ˿޵ǳЦ΢棬ĵҡ̲סΪݣյ£ǹԵҲкǧ*ַ顣

һſȴǲ÷ؿ飬ǵȵף22꣬ûбȽöˡ

Ȣһ󣬺οɵŮڻڱ͵棬ȻϳŮˣʵڽջ𣬸ղŶһ֮⣬ŭ˲ȼմ

Сʹޱ˽Ůˣ࿡쳣Ϊһӣܶʱ򳣳˲ŮװļˣΪ֤ԼŮˣʱԣ˸*үźš

㣬úรǲǸһܷܷ֪֬ţ۵Сֲֵȥֱ*ΪŮӵҪϸ壬°ּɶġ

Уһ˳ôȴЦɵ

ҲŮˣˣ׳գҲ޷͵غͷ˫ŷŷŭĻ棬޲ýǰɵոҷ𣬲йͷ֮ߡ

ŶǵҲܷܷĸȤؽתأţ˸飬˫ֵؿڣȻһ̾ڷԼЩͬЦǲãŭڤɫ΢΢Щ仯侹ȾһĨΣɫҲӹһ˿ӡ

û뵽ӣĺӴܷܷ¶۵˵ţڤһЦ¶һŴѩŻͶһбཻҫĹâڤһ£ѵ˵ǡ

Ȼܽ㣬ԺҸôƺأջǰҵ֣ܷܷ˫ʹ˲˳˼




үร!

ıǱòסȻǱһ׼Ϸ̬Ĭʵ쵽õı˭вһ˿Ϸ̬ڻʵ۰ּգҶƺԼͬصŽյĺϷݣ˼ɻʼϣҵ̸˭ֲڱЦͣأ

үڤһУȴƫƫȢɵŮҲ֪ϻʵǷϺͿˣȻɵ̣ԼңòĶӣ֪ǲӽˮŻҵԧס

մĿɵӵò*Ϊǻ΢΢һ̾ңãɵӲŮòǿպ˵Ĺȥ

氵ܷܷ½ǣʾҪ˵ˣû㲻ǣƬ̣ͻȻ̧ϲ̵ض˵뵽ˡһȸԾĺУ㱵ڤѣ˲и쳣ջôǰɵŪκˣ

ߡ˵䣬Ŀ£ŶܷܷҲƵ뿪˴

붴ϲ˲ҲӸոյľл񣬸ԶȥĲʱϡԶȥıӰвһ̾ôˣˣȻôʧˮ׼վԲ񡣰ɵӻǷͬһ㣬үรɣ

λϯʱϹܼңҲʼˣ뿪˴ϯ

ջǺĿ⣬ŷ׷ϯյĺϷҲ͵Ϊֹˣ

ǰͥӢжξ룬;ˮ¥󣬼ɽ컨ûܷܷעȻִڸոնڤƺϡ

Ժòãǰһڤǰ棬峺ȺȷĻش.

ڤ峺ӣ˽ȥҴӦһ٣ʱĿ⣬һԵļɽƮȥһüҲ̫һɵӼƽϣҲ̫ûˣ๫

ܷܷ˵ĳƺԵһãʡ๫ʲôǹģǲǸҼһһһֻƯĳëá

һѪõʵĳȻ߹òһĻʼүһֻӹΪһ࣬ɵǼɵһֱ˵Ĵ

ڤջĿ⣬´




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Ц峺ӣ޺ĴЦݣȾ˳

С㡱źͷĴӺ׷̽ӡ

Ҫϲż

ŷ̴İϲҲںӦš

˵ĽлڤߴӶܷܷ˻̶ͷˡ

첽ǰΪܷܷϸͷضŶ˽ȥӢ˵꣬ͷҲȥɵһʱ䳤ˣԼűɵֻǽĶҪôأЩƣᡣ

Щ£һȱ˹ƣԼĴƣƺӹ

ôһһľţҲ֪˶ٱͷͣ֫뿪

ϹܼҲ붴ʱҹˡ

үϲӣôܺôƣỹҪ

ȥˡڤķشϹܼĳĻҡ򶴷ȥ

֧ѽһű˴ƿ޳Ŵϲ۵ڤײײس˽

޵˫ƣȼ룬ɫ΢΢Ϊ׵Ŀռ䰵̴ܰοϸԾĻ¿ĸĿ

»ŮͶᣬѾбڴӣ΢ϣקӵĺͷɵȴܲŹ۵˯˸ŵĴͣȫռݵ±ˣЬδѣ޶δɢ

ڤһ˵ľһüȥһ룬ȥˡ̧Ѿ.

˯Ժ۾ȿվǰ˺ֽţүС㡭үˡ̵һᣬŬʹԼԴɿת˸䣬ٵҡ˯ĺܳĶܷܷšü*غȥ˯

ȥɣ濴˯еĶܷܷޱȵʱڤǺطԸߣʵҲã˯ģܱʱκá

ǡĺͷɫ΢Ѭ͸*εڤɬߵزӣĿ*ĶܷܷûƸͷ⡭ⲻϹءμϲǰ˵ĻһҪǼСϸͷүóӸƣȡ֮òͷ

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û뵽ÿүҲͦ˵ģϾ˵֮ҳĲǲŭӣ˷

С㣬Ժӻܼѣ֮󣬲*ΪɵС㿪ʼ

Ȣɵӣ˭ܳ⣬뵽ƸͷЩٲͷͷĺܣ⵹*ͷ˯ĵ£ɣ




ҹ

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ڲ˫峺ӣֻ峺Ĩü˼ԲӹµµתţҪôܼȲ·ţȴܽ´ȥأ

˼䣬ߵ˽ȳƵĺѽ磬ֱܷܷײԵڤûʲôӦԸаĵط˸ϸ۲һû뵽ȴԱԼ

УΪϣȻԱܷܷȻһܲϧݵʷһţڷɽŵͬʱҲ˸һٰʮȵת䣬򴲵һͷȥˬˣȴЦ

ô£ڤԺشӵźǷ˯۾ȴôҲԸҡӣͷŲԵЩƮ飬ƾֱٴ齵ȥ

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һѹĲҽһ̻ڰˬĶܷܷ

û뵽ƾֱ*ڤԼΪƣΰѹϣͷ*䣬ʱ¡

ּΪƣòµĶܷܷߵĺ˶ӣ߳ŭｫֻͣѹˣҵǡѹĿҪǻܴ޵ҧšüнʮ˴ʺ˸顣

ڤ˯ʼȻô齺ıǰ˺ܶ࣬Լ仹͸һɵĻ㣬ڱǶ˺żˣŵĻԴ˲䣬˯˿һĨЦڴϲԾص

Ȼ͵Цǹģɶ񡭡ܷܷһ˫峺ӣʱѱŭȼյصſϵƳߵĨЦ⣬뽫ɱ

ܷܷʱԹȰ۸ȴҪŲﵱĶŮ˵ǸɵݼڵϵȴƵģŷĵ鱣š




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ײβһ֧
Щ̰Ϊʵĺǻ̻̲ĹɲͬʱҲϰհĴӢۡͷʹѵ

ŵүҲڵķԣɫǼʳɵҲŹԶԵͷˣûţܷܷ΢΢𴽽ǣˮһĨ⣬һݣԥٴηһš

һ̡

ײܷܷٵ۱ٴ´ڤѸٵط˸￿ȥӰЦöۣ˱Цʹࡣ

˭˭дȻҽһү´ڤ˲٣˯ȥ˴룬ǱšüĴѰԼ´ȥס

Ƿڳûеߣ̧*̽ȥɵڴϣݵĽ΢΢

Ǹ׳գ˯֪Ǳӣġ

֪΢΢ĽĴĵ׵һĪĶ˿⣬׷˭´Ų齣ӣСĵΪϡ

֪ܷܷΪ´Ц֪θ룬˺

˯еɵӣӤ񾲵Ŀɰ˯Լչ

һλȢԼԸȻȢ˻ʱޣѳ˲ʵչͳ쾭¡

ֻû뵽ɵ˯Ȼֽ´ĻϰߣԺлᣬһҪϰ߸ĵ

ҡͷһЦʣƳŵ渵ģһչġҲǷǷԸܣ*ͽڻУ庢˯㲻κа

û߱´˰ɣ*ڻУڤֹٵȾһĨԼĳ硣

ڤƮĵ˯ȥ

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ٴν´ĹǲĳŵƤҲ*סĶݣΡ

û뵽ϳϵʦȻһԸչ˳ɵԼ

ܷܷ΢΢һ̾еһ˿ϧ

ȻССЩݣȴԼҪɾʵҲԭֻǰڻɾܣʥּɿѣܵ˵Ϊ˱ϵǿͷ֮ԶΪ֮

ڤɢܰһҹΣ˯

ܷܷ*ڻУ˯ĺ̤ܲʵİϢ̤ʵԼͼı̤ʵ*ȫܶ֫˵һĥȱ˰ŻңʱھϢʱ̶ھ״̬

֮һ仰龫֣ƤĶܷܷĶҹǳѰۣһҡһҲԿš




Ǹˣ

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峿΢裬ٻ԰

С㣬С㣬ˣ㣬ɣֲиؽкŶܷܷ𴲣ʵѾ˲ʱ*ȴŰ״򲻶ĺ˯

С㡭˻ƵĽлѾʲôϣˣһ΢˶ǰȻһ鶯ĺһ˿⡣

С㣬ٲϲĺʨͷɾͱ˳Թˡ

ڲֱܷܷۣ΢΢˶

д˭óŶܷܷ˸˸Ƿ죬Ϊʳ˯ڡ

氵һĨѺˡ

ܷܷ˯ӣŻԴǿòæΰѵܵױ̨ǰΪͷ¡

һᣬɵΪ

ͭǰһλ߹ȴʧ޵Ĺ󸾱ˣ˿̳ޡ

ȸбޣԵø߹ʧ
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С㣬ˣˡͭܷܷ޶˵⡣С֮飬Ǹɵӣôһ˭ֿĳأ

һҪǼСʱʱѹȺŲᶪษӣŲүиͶ顣

бϣڴ˯ĶܷܷӦӣ۾ͭԼ

һ˿峺ӹǲ̫˵㣬оǻ¥Щר͵ĽǲŻϵŨױͳԸ緹ôбҪŪô

С㣬㲻ϲ𣿡Сĵʵ

ϻŪøҤƵģƲƲ죬ʹۡ

ȻʱǸ׳գܽЩĻǿѹã鴤ǿһ˿Ц⣬ΥĻصҺӴ׳˰ɣ

䣬װ˳ܳţ䣬Էȥʨͷҵģ˭װɵۣ

ܷܷеƣŲ壬ǰߵĺܿ죬
Щ￴ȴһ⾳ΪΪʳĹϵԲöܷܷȲƣɴˡ

һ·ﻨ㣬棬ãߵʱܷܷͽ˿סԺ




ã

ܷܷߵżʱڤѾλЦˡ

үûӴ͵˼ҡ

Ųһ᱾иġ

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үƫģֻ˸˵˼ҡĶ˵һԲ΢۽Ե˿ʡ

࣡ڤɿ͵һ£˰ɣۣһ¡žһõЦȭ

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С㡭ź̬ڶжĶܷܷεؽлţԴ

úóӴ棬ҲЦɵضԸ̧ͷȵضڤеѽ㣬Ҳס𣿡

үڽ˭֣ɻʵ
ܷܷǲ˵ӦԼŶԣһкĵ֪Ӧ

ֻڶмڤᳶŨü΢£һɫүסˣеġҪɵ˵ٴΣܼǵסֱͷʹѡ

ԷλеĲ䣬ƱһɵӻǽģҲ򲻵ãҲã˵Ҳ˵壬ơ






ڤֻ˺ƾƣҲһſԵ˿ãҲѯЩʲôŵس

үܷܷһڷˣͷšüһᣬеɻĶʵΪʲôҪ˵үү

ȡȡڤһЩˮǺλĴʣе˼΢һᣬͷˮ촽΢΢ѣ͵Ц

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ɶܷܷɲ֪װ֪ٱʵ㣬ðѽ˯ûǱӣ𣿡վЩˮ㣬ʦ˵Ҫ纮źõĿ죬ǺǣȰɣҺܴɣ

˵꣬峺Ӻڴϣ͹һڴֺõЦݣŲΪɵ֪ȫûΪɫס

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ţ첻ܷܷϽ͵ôȣҪι𣿡΢΢һЦԵúˣҲԣ˵Ҫչ˵ģǾչһΰɣ˵䣬ǷҪǰ̡ĵΪչ

С㡭ܷܷװɵӣɵӰϾǸˣֲษѶܷܷҲүΧȴ֪ô˵԰֮ǼС㣬˵Ļˡ

鶯ĺװô֮ɫϣܷܷ漣ԣѣҲûбĸ÷ˡ

˭֪ܷܷûüտһֳۣ©



ͬѧǿ˾ÿԱ˵

·Ǹղش飬ллƼʲôżҲǻӭ






̡ڶܷܷҽУڵֱӿڤؿڣǰѩ׵½ʪ˸͸

үСڤͬʱסܷܷ

ϵ֮ʣǸŭԡ

ڤ˵ȫӶ֮ԺͷʯʧȥӱһƬհ׸ɵӻҪɵ㶡

ûκηӦ֮ʱΪֽˡ

Բ𣬶ԲҰ롱ܷܷԵúܱǸæ񣬴ӻг־ҪΪ½

ǶǻνæսȥֻžӱСĸˣڤӶδ⡣

һƲȫɵϺϣһɫ壬ȥӣԵЩ

վһ̺ѾǺЦЦĺʹࡣ

ûڤôõĶ۴УñҲ˲̬ͺŭ׳գôģ

Բ𣬶Բ𡭡ҲǹġʵǹģܷܷʧضǸͲûͷҾ΢Ӱ飬ȴǾǿزǿⲻ֪˭˶Ϊ档

ܷܷǸͺܾãҵڱˣ춯أ֮ǰѵĶҲŵסЩֻŶܷܷ

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δһү˶ŭܷܷͦбµǱŵԽɵ˵Ķܷܷĵӳ˱֮ɫЩ֮⡣

үСĲǹġ󵨵վΪܷܷ顣

ڤͲɫضŶܷܷ޲ý̻

Ժ󣬶÷ûбҲóһ˵꣬ŭһۣߵ˦䣬粽߳˷

үȵѽҡˮ׷ȥ




ںð

ۡڤǰŷ̤ܷܷ͵ڵϺͷĿԶ½Ųȴûͣ

ʵܷܷЦڤߣегɾ͸Уд飬Ϳ*ˡ

ڷ޵жʹЦжſ񡣲ôŤҲͦʹģʱԼŪ嵽Ǹ˻ģܶʱԼЩˣڤдͺˣͲôϷˡ

С㣬ҪˡĵϧȰ⣬־Ϊ飬ţšҲ̲ס۽ǣһͽүӣԺӿôѽ

ء˶һʱ䣬ܷܷ֮ǰķޣתΪС.

۽ǵɨϵһƬǽ壬ѾǸæµʰһƬǽ壬һƬǽ壬ܷܷһϧͰû֮⣬ԼûжԵ㣬˷ʳҪǵģϣĿԣҪźá

*Ķܷܷһ綼ܹԣڷ˯һ磬ιɵҲûȥֱʱ䣬Ѿ߶˷Ž÷

극ּܷܷͷ˯Ϊүģ˯ƾҲûôţʰ˾ʹȥ

ʵܷܷôԣԭģûôú˯ø˻ϻкҪҪ죬˯ôУôоȥ¡



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ǰԼ˿ɵӵҲ̫÷ҧŴһƿӵڤ޵ʱȴֲκκݻֻдѪ̡
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㻹һǰġۣղأƼҪŶ






ŶȻ˵ܷԺҲˡ˵꣬ųëᱼȥ

С㣬ȵū澡ܷܷߣĵ浣Ĳѵ׷ȥ

ŰŮǾȻᱼĽСӰʹ絶۽ǣἸݺᣬΪŮպӺùȴҪΥĵװЦڤ㲻ǣ

үܷС΢߻ˣеЩԣ֣ʵһɣĵĺúӣүԺܶ¡

ڤȻһо۵ףӰܷܷи˵Ľݲѡ

ÿССһ£ȢɵŮ˵ûа׷ѣֵõġ

˷ģԲֵֻܷܷ»˶ġڤ˵Ŀġ

ǡǵȻ΢һ£۲תѸֽú˳

ǡڤŶ΢΢ףŵתȥ

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ҲһۣҳʻҲ̧ͷһ£һֱ˫ֽӱûб

ܷܷ̫ڰ˲ѹֵĸоڤȿҪĬΡ

ܷܷûĴڨ˵̧͵һۣȴû˵

ڤԾЩΣ΢ճһĨԳЦٽܷܷ˹ȥĵ

ܷܷ㳣˵ĳëû𣿳ƯǼܷܷһƯ

ųأܷܷлص̧ɿصһۣǲ˵

˿أʦ˵ҪˣΪڤѵ

һҲ˵ѵ

ڤû¸ҪȢɵⲻûȤԼֱɵҪ׳նˣ˵˵ȥڤѲ˸ϵ

ܷܷ뵽Щ͸Ӳˣһ͸ӡ

ӴͻȻڤʹҽһһţԵúʹ࣬ӡôҧˣ




Ҳ

ʹ̧ܷܷҧƣѪָͷʱǽ͵Ц׻ֻɰСӣģ

µȴôֻǵĮĿһԡ

аñҧ

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үû°ɣüڤĵʵ

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ò˵һ˼ĺúӡ

үū澸һ°ɣ־ҪΪڤָͷ

á

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ڤǣһЦ֮üŶܷܷʵΪʲô

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ܷܷŶ¶ǹõɵЦݣ˵ʦ˵ġ

ڤע뿪ʣеǸʦ˭ܷܷȴٶȿڡ

ʦ˵ҧһҪĻ˵ġȻдеᣬﲻ

ҪôڤʵЩΡһֻӶԽҧ⵽һֻӣܷܷеֻĿӶ࿴ۡ

ܷܷһЦܼ򵥣콫Ѫɣֱ˿ڷף԰ˡ



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ŶڤӦԭλȴûȥҧָͷ

*͸ռһ㣬һڤм俿βܷܷ

ܷܷߡڤԵλýе

Ҫܷܷ첻˼Ļص

˷Լڤ֪Ļһðü£ںզԣȵ

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С㣬͹ȥɣҪүˡڤҪƢˣԶܷܷѵ

ܷܷкһۣĥ˹ȥڤвʣվǹԹ˹Ц޵Ź˵̧ƵĸĦСԴǵöܷܷаͷ

ܷܷ;һڤֻûҧ־Ͳֵطʣ䣬״սһᣬԵ޵ܷܷ㡱ˣæ˼صͷ

׻˵ӣɲ㿴ÿ飬ΪǼСһᣬү˷ӦӦϲСİɡ

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ȴְɵӵݲ÷̵ʹ࣬һҪݺݶһд飬ñϳԶԼʵ̫ˡ

Ŷƻʱڤҧָͷ쵽ǰааһЦ˵Ұɣ

ʲô

˵ģڤ˵⻰ʱЦú

ܷܷû뵽ҪƬ̣ڤΪӦʱ

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ˬ췴̬ȷڤĿɣܿͱõЦܷܷԣ

һ̡

ܷܷĥĥ֮קĴƶ˵ָͷݺݵҧȥ



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ΪʲôҧңڤסҧһʹضŶܷܷʡ

㣬ôѽܷܷصȻ

С㡭үǽǽҧѡ

Ŷ㣬Բִˡܷܷüϴ̬аˬѡ

ڤԳ̾һЦõԼűҧĲҲ̶õָͷ͵͵һ۶ܷܷɵЩ򵥣ÿԼĲ⣬ȴƫƫã






ܷܷΪ˽·߲϶ȥ壬û¾Ĵתƣתȴûȫ߱飬жˡ

ܷܷÿ˯Ȼѣзһԣ극Ĵ˾Ҵ羰ãٵĺõطϢһ²ߡ

˯ͷ۷ΣżҰյʿ

ջضŸڤ⣬նܷܷͦģû˿û˿ӹͦĵġ

ⲢʮģֳһƬɫ԰ĻҲûʲôһ䣬кĴ䣬һأ׺˳һƬ

ܷܷһԹͱŻĴε

䵽ڤ鷿ǵƤӾһ͵͵ﲻˡ

ӿٲҵһ˳Ե

ܷܷвţèڻ£ݴϸϸҡ

ӭ棬ڤĲˣС鲽̬ȵ˹

˵Ҳ֣˶˵Ǹ*֣ɶܷܷҲֻշĶʲôŮˡ

ʲôأЦӯӯߵæӵĶܷܷ࣬ͬԸʵ

ǸĶ˵ˣȻݺ̲סһá

ܷܷŤͷбһۣȴأڲݴ﷭š

ǵԼ׳գ˼ǳĺܣһг𱨳ԹԹ

յһĸˣŻһӱֻأЩ꾫ƵŮ֪ɲǺǵġ

λ꾫ƵĲܷܷûʲôøУҲô

ǲӣܷܷˣȴƫûܷܷų㣬ʶȤأԴڨ

ô֪ЦûУǿһˡܷܷתӶʵ

Ϊҿˡڶܷܷ䲻ȵ̬˺񲢲⣬Цӯӯػš

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ܵȥˡЦӯӯ̧ڤ鷿ָ

ҷŴﾭʱ򣬾ͿһֻװֵĿɰӴŷ˽ȥߵͷӣԲźĵ֪㡱˵꣬ŶܷܷЦļġ






ĵЦöܷܷôôҲٸɫ˼ҿ

ǣǿһ˿Ц⣬ллδ䣬˾鷿ȥ

˼̲סͷƳۻվԭصˣ˺ġ

ܷܷŵһ̣¶˺еĽƻյЦ

鷿ŵģܷܷûʲôһͿˣš֧ѽһƿ

һɫ޻ͺȻǰ

µ鷿*ζĴë̺һŮҵصࡪ

룬ٰŮϣͦųжȣܾ

һŮ¶ڿѩ*ķӯһץסŮԲ㻬ļ硣

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鲻ӣСѰૣ黰ţ˳ԣ

ܷܷǰɫ޳澪Ŀɿڴ˷ӵĹѵ̫ܶͶ뾹ûעĵȻ˶š

Ů£ĬĬţеĻ

һԹŮ

Ҳôһ˲ܿ죬ܷܷ壬峺ﾫһ

ֳһԵļëӾϺݺݳȥ̫̫󾹽ëӸˡ

һôͶҲˡ

һ̡

Ϊʲô۸㣿

飬ž



벻ʻĳеİͼëӶѵ죬ҷķըŮŬŵӣ˲佩סӣ㲻٣ǰྡྷ

㡭׳ո𣿡 


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ͣһĵ磬ˣǾϻͬѧۼİûż˿أĵĶСˡ𡪡




ײƺ

ĳ˸µŮЦ£ҾŮӸոϺľģŮӾʧ˦ľ˵֣߳ŭغ

㡭ʲôҲҪ

׳աӲ

Ǻǣô֪ЦµŮҲܲ,һ˹ȥ

ö˶ôңˣ㣬ʰ׳ʲô˼ܷܷа룬㣬ɫߣȴԾЦаԻ

ڤʹзǳ˰ʱҲҪߣӺ޲ýǰĶܷܷ̻֮졣

ۡڵأſɤţͷޣܷܷٶˮɽĿϷ

˴εĶܷܷǽһ޵ľʣʱңʱ쾡£˸γϣϽŮɰ·磬ɣ޻Ǿأֱ޵ķƱɫ޹⣬Ѿ߼Ҷ󹦸ɰ㣬΢Щ

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ҡڤ߳ŭȵŵôĶܷܷ΢΢һ٣ָ͵һۣԽЩɷޱΪС

¼ѱײƣҲûʲôڵģڤԾͲˣ½¶*΢ڣվſ*ڼҶѾߣص˭ǽģÿ˵Źܼʮ塱ȴ̲ס˸нп

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ڼҶѾڤ棬Կɥûڲѵ˳ȥ׻˵һǵһǣǰĽѵ˴ѧԣ뿪ʱŴ£

żҶѾߵ뿪һʱַǳ鷿ͻȻЩ壬ҪǶܷܷڤиڣĻͷͽˡ 




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ԽƽƽüĿż˿˵ĺ⽫ݿĶܷܷɨɨü

㡭˵һͻȻһ٣ƺһʱûʲôķӡ

Ũü˳˼۲ת䣬Ƴ»ȥ䲻̫˵۹⣬ôϣ׿ʶҲЩš

̧ݺݵײµףڤ˵վŵɴָ͵һеĶܷܷ۾¿ʲôÿĶۡ

ܷܷȻӴ˵㣬ʵСĸλǺܴġ

šܷܷϵҷڤҧгݵضŶܷܷȵ

ɵӣһҪѵ

ֱܷܷһӰǰһΣűǿŹŵڤǰŷ̤鷿ܷܷͣ˳ϷҲǺ۵ĺòãҿ޶˶۾ɲãܷܷɲһϲŰԼҪǵѣŲôϷأ۶һ

ĨĨѸɺԵۣվƳ۱ԼĻԲѵΪ˰ͬᣬЦȥ

꾫ҲˣҲ̫ûˣ㾪һһͻԣ治档

Ȼֻ˵㣬ɲ˵һֻֻ꣬˵ǸԹ޻Ǹøм

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˵м͸̸ˣܷܷûôĳȥлһƭԼĺꡣ

ߣⱲûȱģҪм±ɣ

ԹҹĻܿͽ٣ܷܷһֱװɵ㶣ڤҪټ

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ץסȥβͣî˾š

ӢӣݱңۺĻڰҹԵ÷欣ͷĻͬ뷲ľ飬鶯Ʈۡ

ҹĻʹƳϣ»ˮ

ҹ.

,شӣŻ㣬˳

ܷܷߵĲԵЩأ·ķ羰Ͼ˼һڤúַ

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үϲǸǵģʱͷļҶڶŲ̫Ƚźǿѹסʹܷܷ֪Ƕʮɲġ

ˡѾߵѴ˼ȵ񻨾ϸţܷܷſھǲԭ̧̤һ

ȥɣүšɣѾЩ͵شߵ

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ڤǵ죬ǵĵأȱż񣬱˶в֮

Ҳ̫ûˣһɵһүųɼʶ

ƣʲôԴűӣܷܷ´ԼѾߣʵڽջ

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šܷܷһŭȴ翵˼ŵһЩԹˡ

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͵ɫ£ڤ̤ҹɫƫƫһϮ򵥵˿˯۱ƮݳĽ˵٣˵ҹɫԵ÷ġ

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ǻбҫۣѣĿǱǴʱ̫ʦϣˣүڤ

֪Լ𣿡̫ʦϵڤüʵ

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ڤͻȻ䲻ȵ̫ȴһ˾ܾϡ

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ͽ顣ɫߣͻȻײˡ

ҪǺ֪ģʶȻ׵ؾԭʼĳ#

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ɵҲܿɰ

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գǼˣϡЩ˵²Ҳա

죬ȥ

ɣ˹ȥڵصܷܷסԺ֮ǰҪţ֪𣿡ƽ޿κεζȴᡣ

Ķܷܷ*һһЩ׽Ūͷ

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㣬㲻ˣܷܷ̽ʵȴϣԼϣ˿ŹáΡ

ˡļŷ˿ذ£󡣡ܷܷ𣿡ÿԼʱĴ

Ҫôشأ˵ᣬҲôᣬô֮˼֮ʱΪòԣò

ϲǲܵģΪѾϲˣﲻݵµڶˣǵһӣҲҡ⡣Ǻִţֵܼģһϲĳ˾Ͳ׸ı䡣

Ȣ˵ѵĿܣиԼѿһܹٵ£ССһ

£ȴܽЩﻰ˵

ˣ֪ġδ𻰣ڤЦԴʵϲûҪôںģԼֻ辡չ˺Ϳˡ

㡭į֪ĸŰһЩ̡

һ̣һʵ*Ĵܷܷ㣬ġ̫

߰ɣǣůС֣ΪĻڤﰵһ˿*ģԭɵӲֻҲɰʱ




ɶ

ڤǣŶܷܷӢȥ·ϡ˶˵ǳĬ

̧ͷڵĻϣϡ

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Ӳ濴ڤ񹲷ߵĿŨܶ˳ĽëԵúͻ

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޳ȴΣһĺ¼ܣʲôʽɫ·ζ

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û뵽ȴڤһţɻܷܷôˣ˭𣿡

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һᣬ˱סӢ

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Ŷ˲õЦүС㣬ɣ

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ܷܷͷӦ̧ţ̤Ӣͷ׵Ӣ

Ϣɣ˵꣬ڤתȥĶ۽ڿлһĻߣʾ˵š

㣬˼ȴȻܷܷöһȻɱסǰеĽŲЦݣŵת


һĻ桪

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Ӣͷ׵ӣ꣬裬֯һѤõĻͼļС

һ̣ΪԶԭɵӵ浥㶯š

ڤƲס첽˻ȥǰڶܷܷ֮ʣ׽סݵ˫磬ףЦĶͷһǣƳŵ㣬ٴ渵Ǿ»֮ҹ˵Ļ

ģһչġ䣬ڶܷܷװˣʵȻıٴŵת̤ĽŲʧɫޱߵҹ¡

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С㣬үϲ㡱ȥµǸȴС˳

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ҡҡͷСૣϲġ

С㣬ǻݰɣ

Ŷ

ҹ̫죬ǸҪӱܡ


ˣٴ£ǺͶƱղأۣʻԽԽ




Ѿɵ

峿ĴŨʵƫƫ裬С֦ͷױĺ԰һﻨ㣬ɫ˵

ӢȴиСѾͷͷʹѵ¡

С㣬С㣬ΪʲôҪôңСεؽл*˯Ķܷܷ

Ѿ˺üˣҡʣܷܷȴԾֻߵ棬۾˯

С㣬ٲҾֻȥү˵ˡǵϴŵʱ򣬾ڤܷܷѵġ

˵գε

ͻȻ*Ķܷܷ漣˵˾仰еűߵϽϲػͷȴֶܷܷԾǱ۾ûѹļ

һ˲Լľ㱣˻*ĶܷܷƲƲ죬Цٴεת̧űҪš

Ǿ仰˶ȴûתšü룬ӦòǻĺǼС

̺Ҵ¡˼ȷϼ䣬ܷܷ۾ŹǷ*

ùڤһǣŪ޶û˯ţıɫϣϷԼߣһֱҪôԼ

һ磬ѾͷħˣȻôͽ𴲣˵ҪȥڤԼŲôôҲ˯ˣʮ֡

һڤǽ𴲵ĶطʽҲҼ˯ȥˣֵ֪óԼٶֳ԰£ɲݡ

С㣬㡭ˣת۾ԼĶܷܷȼˡ

漣ѽ漣Ȼô׵ؾˡ۾ЩţһοǼС㣬ôǶܷܷǰǶôѲˡ

ɵѾͷʲô㶰۾ŵģɵˣ˵ɵӻɵ㶡

ȵȣʲô飬ѵܷܷһξôȣ𾪡ơ

棬㲻׼̺Ҵ·𣿡ܷܷüƲ졣ıԵúǲ

รǺǡСˡ仰˵ǹ׳գ˶۾ˣ˵ϻԶࡣ

ܷܷǲͷۣȴЦĴѽ

һѾͷһɵӣ糿һǿЦĶԻ




ٴζ

ܷܷϴϣߵʱϴΰڤֺλǵЦš

Ǻǡү滵λ˽

Ŷ㻹Ҫ㷿ȥͲ±ʹ˵һ£֮㿪Ц

ʮһι֪ƣĴ棬θڡ

ڤǷ#ϲЦĻϰߣöܷܷСƵߵԣ¡

Ŷܷܷˡڤڷĵ΢ЦŸк

Ҫնܷܷı⣬ʱһʰۣװĴڡȴôΪɵѽǶʲôŮ֮ĵЦҲͲ⣬Ҳûʲôˡ

簡Цȴɫߣǲ֪ߣθڣľ˵ңЦ

ޣģĴ˿ڣܷܷԸеһ˿ƽ⡣

ܷܷԱߡڤ֧һߺ޵Ҫܷܷȥ

㣬Ҿˡİ׳գȥͰܷܷЦίؾ

㣡ɵӣôֲˣڤ̸ЦģΪ˲תΪ֮࣬ǰЦӣһ⣬̶ֱܷܷȥԹ߹ĻܻƢ

ܷܷЦϣװЭԱȥҪĴ㡣

ǺǣŹԡڤЦطͷ޵

СأͷĶЦöܷܷǴۡ

㣬㿴⼦ȲҲӣסһֻȣЦ͵ǰ㣬ԡ

ڤҪҡͷܾȻֻȾͷɵͷϣԲ𣬽㣬ҡҲǹġǺǣʵǹģŭɣɣء

ܷܷƱǸͷϵֻȣڴŭ

㡭յص˶ܷܷһۣæſϲŭڤֺõүΪɵӲֵá

һĴ治΢΢ǣһĨֻЦ⡣

ʵܸӣû뵽ڤȻΪ˶ܷܷɵӶϵһԣõõ³ͬʱΪܷܷǵڤпܻܷеܽûǣײƺ£ε¡

ǳ˵ϣڤȴûжԶֻܷܷǱشͷ¼ȿ˿ڳ˲Ŀע£ȷŵҧһڣ׽죬ʳ󣬶Щɵ㶵ĶܷܷͷЦ޵⼦ζǲ




ϵ

ǸµĺӣôܸأڤȰԼѹǲ쮳ĻºͳЦݰŶܷܷǿ⣬ʵΪ

ȥ¶ľģҪܷܷĵúչҲ˵ӴʱʼҪϵɷ򣬱ϵ

Ǻǣ㣬ϲͺá˴㣬ò˼ʱ򣬶ܷܷӦȴӴ˳ڤһЦ

һ̣Цж𣬾ʹжʧΪʲôͲأǿɶ񣡣

ѵĲݣãٽ

ͷڷŵӹĹĵģһŵСƤ̧ͷֵĵڤʲôֵĶƵġ

㡭㡭㡭ڵķˣӰ˵ܷܷ˵ĺڤǺ棬ڸȰԣ˵

ۣǡڴʱܷܷƺΪʲô̲סڤЦһھӹķˣȫ䵽Ŀϡ

һ˲е˶ˣȴ̲סĵЦĳ嶯ͨ졣

㡭㡭ءԲ𡭡ܷܷǸװŵſǻ

ڤɫʯʧȥɽ㣬Ҫ籡ŭǳ鴤קȭͷ

⣡ôĵ߶ȰοԼ

죬ȥ̧ģŶܷܷȴ˫΢죬飬ʮֱǸί

۰ģﰵһ޶˶⣬ĵ΢΢һ̾³֣û¡ֵԭµģ˵Ҳǹġ

㣬ӺúЦŶû뵽ڤĿȴúĶܷܷ˲תΪŵĴȡЦ

㻹үүģզͱˣôƢأڤƢĿöܷܷĵʮԹޣϵȴЦĿţоʮֱŤʹࡣ



춼ʲôˣͬѧǣǺǣϲˣڴķϾɣ




ɵ

ǵİɫ̻ƽӵɫڤԭ˫Ŀ׺ĺòѿʮֻ

̺ԵѾ߼ҶҲܷܷͬǰЦȴǰڤ϶ʹࡣЦͬʱֲòΪ˰亹ûڤܷģǿ˸Ⱥӣһˡ

ڤƽʱЦ磣Σûµ˶֪ҪǷƢǿɲģԶЦ崺ͬʱʹԸȫаһҲš

ڤ޵ĶſŴȡЦĶܷܷ

ɵӣôʹѣԭȻȡЦҲ˭ŪЦģ

ȡЦڤͼһܵƣ̧ʹ˰ϵķˣݺݵ˦һԣ䵽̺һĳѾߵȹϣѾ߰ɫȴǸŭԣɥֻϵù

̫Цˣ

㻹ЦܷܷЦ˴Ӵ˹ٴκݺݵصһۣ־ϸϸΪڤϵۻࡣ

߲룬Ȱү

ʵĵȴʮϣڤúóһ£ɵɵѾͷ㲻үɵ˺ƢҪȥˡ

ѵүɵӣģŶܷܷЦ绨ʮϲСﰵԲ²ţ²˿ʣԽ£ٴб˶ܷܷһۡ

ڤԳ̾һ˫ֳڷϣɣƽƽŶܷܷſ޳ɸЦĵݣЩЦõس

ɵãԶҲзա

վڶܷܷԵ˴ȴǰ˵ˣΪڼҶѾ޹ӵº֪ΪһˣûȨӵµģֻǰĵڤҪܷܷͺá

_____________________________________________________

,ղ,ʻ,,ż䷳߶,Ǻ,ϣҸ֧!




˼

ڶܷܷʼղȴڰСĽһϵ˶ܷܷ½ϣıŸ鷢Ҫڤɵӵ̶ֳܵȡ

үĿҪү鲻ʱݺݴѹһ˾͹ʵˣڻҪһɵӣɲô˷ڤĳ谮

ү㿴·Ҳˡ˰ڤɾ󣬳ǰ½СԹԹͬʱݺѿʼͷԵĶܷܷһۣǺãôصĴ󣬾ȻԷɵĿɶ

үط㻻ɣֳøԵʱؿѣİʾڤĿ󡣡ү,ò𡭡

Ķñޱ飬Ŷܷܷ*ڤŤͷעתϡ

ֻۺЦŴ飬շ֋촽ĵһ飬ʴ꣬۲ת̬˾һ.

#ڤҲ˿鶯аǾͰˣ˵ţư͵

ǡɴʱ̧ܷܷͷڤվʵ㣬㲻ԷҪȥҲܷܷȥ𣿡ɫߣҪƻĺ¡

Էˣһỻ·ͳ棬ԡ»ڤƾҪȥ

ȵҡ뿪ܷܷæ꣬Ҫ׷ȥ뿪ӣážˤ

뿪Ķ½Ƿ룬һķȫλȥܵһҿã˰ķˣȻǵñˮܵĻݡ

죬תδȥڤһ¾ȵػͷܷܷҲͷȴܺڵصķϣ˿ϧ

޴ŮˣСñܣͽԸܡ

ܷܷɿ۴ľɵ㶵㽫תˣ΢΢ǣ˿͵ЦڤϣƲƲ㣬ܷܷûԱ

һЦٴٰһˡ֮һαǣúԷһ桱˵꣬§˵СЦﳤȥ

ԭ־绹ͦ˼ģֻҪܺ˲͡ɵӣԺӱ㲻̫Ķ*һ壬ɫģڤЩЦš

ɵӡ˼ϲ




򵥵Ŀ

㣬ҵŶ

˼ܷܷڤعͷζһЦá˵֮󣬱㳹ʧ

ߡڤȥҲӴлع񣬶뿪ǰĹܷܷʱ޺޵صƺһȥյѡ

Ǻǡ㡭ЦܷܷȻЦŮ׽Ūûţ

ΪŽϵȹûʵʱͷˣֻǹΪ֮ƾͼơ

ʮɣ

㡭ΪȡЦΪ֮ᣬȴҲҽҲֻжСţŤС޺޵ȥ

ǻطԷɣ˺óŶܷܷ½ǵԸ

õС㡱ɵشֶʰоֵѾ΢ЦԸ͵Ӣɣ˵꣬㱻ܷܷ뿪ˡ

ⳡʷ׳ʵ緹־ڼλӵȥ󣬳ɢ

ѾߣҶһܷܷۣܶʰŲо֣ȴüչüЦ͵Цѡ

ɵȻܰ鷳ȴܻ*ס͵Цγֲһּ򵥵Ŀأ

λɵɵ˵㣬˲ֻҪڲӵ£ǵÿЦɿ

ʱմҴңˣһձѹȥܷܷĴεš

ճ緹ӻĴһᣬһƧԺǰֻúšɲǷĸ֡

ɲǷǣֲ֪Ǹʲô󡣶ܷܷű֣Щڴ

ܷܷŤͷ·ִﾭ˼٣̧Ὣһƣֻ֧ѽһӦ

̧ȥ

һ˲䣬۵ɫȾܷܷһԺһԺһƵؿ˸顣￴۵ĻɫȾʡ

ܷܷĿɿڴ̧űϲĽԺӣĴתתȴһûסĿԺ䣬Ժʲȴɾ쳣Ǿ˴ɨԵ¡

֪ǰʲôסԺĲã;ɫӢҪ£֡

ǺǣѽܷܷƤһﴩȥǵ÷޽մ˲ٷɫ.

_________________________________________________ 


ͬѧڴһʴϷ!ܾӴ!Ҫżдʵ,ֺһż!,,Ƽ,Ͷ仨ʲô,żʮҪ!!Ǻ,ЦƮ!




ֵ

ܷܷͣһ£̧һ֧׺뻨֦ŵ׶ᣬԵ޵㰡

ˣȻߵʱ¼֧ûȥ嵽ƿڷڷ϶硣

ȴЩˣ˸Ƿ̧ͷȻ߹ҵ̫ܷܷСһᡣ

ĴѰѰˣѡһָɽһʯǴʯ࣬һ׼Ǽɽպõס̫䣬һӰŴʯ

ܷܷһЦˡ䣬Ż£֮һƬŨĻ･硭

Ҳ֪˶ãƧԺ䣬ͻȻһЩֵ

㰮𣿡һ˵𣬴ЩϢʹ࣬ƻֶìܵĽӡ

㡭֪ģҡǡġһŮ˻شţЩ飬ƻַ·ʹ࣬ѹ֡

ȻңΪʲôҪ޸ʹĵͺٴ

㡭ᡭ㡭Ů˺ЩʵعȰţһЩֵֹ

Щ˯Ķܷܷ˯˵šü˭ѽ˯ʱţǴ󵨣ǷһҪеݺݵķ

۾˸ǣڼ˼ɺӵĵز

ŮӵĹֽУһ˸߹һˡöܷܷ޶˵𼸷ȸСֵ˭ôˣڴ˹УΡ

˵˵㰮ҡӴϢţţҰ޷ĵľ

ܷܷԴ˸һ̵ĴʯŷԴǴӼɽǱߴģѹ

ҡֵ죬ƴŮӿз̲ס

Ůôˣôе֣Ǳ۸ҪҪȥأܷܷǱţì֣ȴ̽СԴ

ϣԲǹģ

û뵽һԾһŮСĸֺݺݵ´̼ѡ


___________________________________________________

ɢһ,Ůŵĺճ!ɢ,ɢ,治װ!!!




Ī

Բ۾Ŀɿڴ

ӻڶ룬ˮɫ۽Ķſ趯ţĻߣ˵Ŀ.

Ļӳң·ҪµŮɰ㣬ҰԵĹâүڤ𣿴ʱѰһƽյš

Ůӱڼɽʯϣ·ɫĹâŮò

ȻܷܷŮ࣬Ҳ֪ŮԾɫ֮ò£ŮҲԵòٶׯʧʣЩκ

ŮӵòﾹĪзϤУԿ϶ûкŮʵдѵ

ܷܷЩɵ۾ٴʱ͵һͺһȻͣסŮƺУȴѹҧסļΡ

ܷܷ͵͵źȻͣˣȻ

ʲôôֿŮӹϵ龰ǸȻڿĹ۾գһ¡

գĲǹġȻԴתȥǲӣȴһ塣

ɫߣôȻ޶˵ıȾһ

óأʱǴ˺ʱ˵ɾ͸ɣܷܷѸٵɨһۣȴҲõĹߣû취ʰһ쵰Сʯͷ˵ߣǿպðɣ˦ֱ˳ȥתȾܡ

ıڤģϡ

ӴʹȴŮʹܷܷܴذԸŮӵǸˣˣĪ֣Ī֡

ٻͷȴŮӹĶͷʺҺ壬Ѫ

΢һȻιʱȴڤСƵԵ߲࣬ĽŹŵأڿգǳûаȫС

㡱ڤߵüͷͺڳɫʾʱǳ

ãɣŭɣܽˣó⡣

Ǻǡ㡭ϱֳȻɵеЦݣ޳ɸɵĵ

ʲôʡݺݵأɱ

˯Ȼˡ

㡭


_________________________________________________

Ǻ,ʰ!,þʾ͸仨!üͣھǾû,ҵĿ,뻨簡!!




ɧ

ʲôʡݺݵأɱ

˯Ȼˡ

㡭

˭ŮӵʻڤʻŭĿӶܷܷ˻ȥ

̧תʻŮʱĻķȾ˼飬ĻصȢ֪ġǵͳڸʲôȴЩ޿κΡ

ŶԭŮӽ˶٣Ҿͷˡ

ģʲôģ

֪֪źʹࡣ

㡭û°ɣڤǶܷܷİţϧĹλϵŮ

ûʲô󰭣ֻǲƵƤصɣܷܷȴ˿̾ǿǿѪҲҪǻһŮ۹ˡ

ܷܷͣٶŤͷŮʱѽҵҲķָһӺݻĹΨһвľǹ߹Ķͷ˺ۣѪ˿

һȥˡ䣬̧űԺȥߵſʱȻֻͷɵɵúúụ̫̀ܽҰˣŶܷܷһĨЦ󣬱ŤͷȻƮߡ

̵ģҰأ

ջطŵ̾*ɧ꣬Ҫ

ǰλɫߣ

һԹŮյľҰ⣬ϣңǲҰ˷ָ

̵ĵ˰˱ӵùŻײ˶ĵòͷ

ܷܷĨԶȥıӰкݺݵš

˵Ҹôͷ㣿ڤջŮԶȥĿ⣬϶ܷܷʱȴź⣬ԵʮΣա

д飬ǶܷܷʼտĿġ

Ǻǣ㣬ʲô𣿡׳վֵס

˵أ

Ҳ֪׳ȨʲôĹ׳վ

һ֪ˡ

ʲô˼㣬Ǻǡװף«ʲôҩ

žžžĻƧԺȻԵøġ

𾪣ܷܷǴ𾪣ɫߣȻȻҴСƨƨ

裬Եܴ裡Ȼ˴Сƨƨ

֪Լ𣿡ϣߴʵ

֪֪Ҳ㣬ɫߣʸˣҪеӣѾ⵰ô#






֪Լ𣿡ϣߴʵ

֪֪Ҳ㣬ɫߣʸˣҪеӣѾ⵰ô#

㣬ΪʲôҪң̵ģȻΪɧһ仰ʹǱԣƢûôڡ

ǸøˣǸʹޣ

ûҪûҪСƨƨ

˵ֲأҲôۣ׿ʶе衣

Ϊʲôʯͷˣڤͣ¶

ء㣬ܷܷҧ㣬ԡԲšǸɣǺǣֵýаƣССĳԼһѣܷܷôŶȻôõɡ

ĿߣڤһаһȻΪʯͷ˵ģʱӿһ*˲תΪϧ

ԭάȴ

ܷܷԺ£ͲҪˡΪĨȥ۽ǵᣬжЩΡ

ΪʲôѾģôش

Ϊȿȡ⻹ǸѶȣʹ*ԵҲЩݣѵҪش𣬡ΪԸⱻҧ𣿡

¶ǵĻﻹЩݣ¾˵ˣɵҲһװɣԸεȭڴԣѵõľȡ

㣬˵ܷܷΪʲôͲܹܣ㡣

֮ʯͷ˾ǲԣôΪʲôԺ˵£СٹܡƼڤǺԿһãȻĶܷܷǳ

ѾģƼˣһ״С˵ǡ

ˣ˵ˣԺ£ҪƵУǧҪܷܷǿػ˵ʲôȴڤԵشˡ

ŶܷܷСԴƵӦһܵѹƲı֡

ߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣ

ŶǺǺǡ˵ԺԽԽпͷϾͱˣϽղذɣ




ػ

ŶܷܷСԴƵӦһܵѹƲı֡

ܷܷӢɣ˵䣬ڤǣܷܷůϦС֣õĴĴĵⴺůů⡣

ЦɣѾĸɫߣھ;Ķ͵Цɣӣᡣ

Ǻǡ·ԤڤſһĵĺЦģܷܷԳԵЦ

ЦǰߵڤеһɣתͷʵܷܷЦʲôһʮĴɵӣô׾˷Ų£򵥿ãĽ

ƶܷܷĻӣڲ֪ȾһĨ⣬Զô򵥿.

ϵƺܼޣȴԸԶػݼ򵥵Ŀ֣Ϊ֣˵쳣ѵõġ

ǺǡЦʲôôܹأܷܷڤװɵ㶣ɵЦס

ӺбŮЦ绨ӣε΢磬Ѭ˳ĵĻ㣬ķŮӣΧ

ɲǼһֻŮЦĴЦ΢΢Щա

ܷܷЦÿ㱼䣬ڤŶܷܷ΢Ц޵̧֋գһ˲ϸ廬۵Ĵĵ΢΢һȻ˻ȥ

ڸʲôǸӡ

ŶǺǡܷܷһȴǳɵЦɵЦʵںܲЦûа취˭ڻһɵǿడ

ɫߣĿ˰ɣԴԵ񣬺Ķ˷Ƿ֮룬е°֮Ҳ˿⣬ԭܷܷǲСȻƷҲ

ܷܷ쿴£ǧҪԱ˵֪𣿡ڤͻȻɫضԶܷܷ⻰ｫܷܷε˼˲أʡΪʲô

ûΪʲôڤ·֪Ҫʲô㣬ʱֹѰʣöܷܷƣҲԽŮӵݣʲôأڤ˽ӡ

ߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣ

˵ܿͻڴеĳˣǺǣͬͬѧССڴһ°ɣһأǺǣżҪʣʶܷܷȥҪʲôģǲص㣮ЦƮߣ






ܷܷˡ֪ȻѾӢڤѣһΣ˶ܷܷ˼Ҳε˼ء

Ŷ͵ˡһѿڣܷܷ;Щף⡭⻰Դһ˿˿̵ݺݳԼ⣬˵ڵĻջء

˵ڵĻջ𣿴Ƿ񶨵ġܡ

ڤеŤͷһ˿ϲԭɵӻ˿

ܾ֮ǰĶܷܷ˵ûԣܸϲԼԼĴû뵽մʱȻѶԼһ˿

ķôеϲأϲϲȴȻϣ

ȻʱǱټˡ˵꣬ڤֻܷܷ˯ӣһ˿ʣڼΪΣҲеĪ

ŶǺǣܷܷ֪ˣҽȥˡʱϴЦݵ﷢࣬ĺڤҶܷܷϲ㣬ˡɫߣ

ȥɣԺܡ

Ŷ

ȵȡܷܷҪŽӢڤͻȻס

㣬ʲô𣿡ͣ¶ͷʵ

üͷ˿ᣬȴЩ޿κεǿѹԼϰߣܡ

䶯촽죬ջǷһֶ֮̾ĿƵؽԺǸɲǷԺòҪȥˡ

ܷܷٶҪʡΪʲôڤȴʵĿ϶ûΪʲôסҵĻԺǧҪȥ˾ǣУƣĻңҿġ

һ仰ԼЩ˼飬Ȼ˵˳

Ŷ㣬ܷܷ֪ˡ˵ܷܷ꣬ûκͣؽӢ

ڤǵעӵĿ⣬߽ԺĶܷܷǲڣߵĲĺܿ졣

ڤȴվԺþòȥֱʮ䣬ӰȫȥʧЦתŵŵСȥ



˵ʽԾŶŶǺǣҺͬѧССڴһ°ɣ






һǧĳ˶һ˸鷢չĿ٣ǵڤǿǱҪգԶܷܷĸǾһռһģǧﰡ

޳ϡ

޴뾪ϲǸԸ⣬ֻΪöȢɵӣȴڲ֪侹һϯ֮ء

ҲΪɵ봿ԵĻǣǷݴ򵥱ܿɹ

ʱڤǿţʹܷܷвˣʵĸʲôƵģüʵĻպ۾ܷܷӻǺķ۾ˣֱй֮޲

öܷܷڤΪĵͬʱȴҲðһ˿ССĵ⣬꾫Ƽ˰ɣܷܷǸɵӣҲǺܾ˵ġ

Ϊ죬Ϊ˵ķ#׵رƣʱڶ飬в𣬶ѳɽˣȴ֪ͣ¡

ܷܷʳҲ߯˵ɣܷܷСѳɽķˣʹۡ

ڤȴº͵ЦŴԵ㣬ζԶܷܷĹػʵĲҧڵǴżķŭδͣЪɱ

ܷܷȴΪǵļθڴ󿪣˲٣ֱСӳŵĹĹĵҲԲˣŴű÷ꡣ

ԭֽڱʹϵĸо˵ܷܷڤɫ̸ʲôøУɲԼĵʯԼССһѣǺǣһŮˣûǸٵĹ

ȻܷܷҲǸһŮˣҲⲻס

ܷܷγԷûʲô֣ÿε˺Բܶĺòá

˵ϵӵļƻξʱһҲúõһԼθ

꣬ҹĻܿ㽵١

ܷܷ극ڤִĻ»صӢˡ

úõֱҹ˾ºڷߣʩеӵжˡ

ֻǵܷܷʷȥʱٵĿһǧӼʧ̵ľȻûнеӷ߯ƻˣ

ӣܷܷһֽһ֧һֵƮˡ

Ȼֵƽ߽ЩӷָЩȽƽʵ˼ңЩ£صӢʱѾʼˡ




ʧ

峿˻һƬʵ˯ʱŹܼұ㳶ɤţŵش

ˣˣ˷ʧˣǽһߣ£˵ΣǾϵſ򣬶Ľ£ڵء

ҿǵԱȻңûڵأȴСŵëǵë鰧ԹȥѰ󰲾Ĳ֮ء

үүŹܼҵײײܵûԺžʹ

һᣬڤѾ߷Ŵϴϣ˷һƫѯϸ

ЩڤŻһֲǻǲݵֽšüŹܼѯʵ

ŶŹܼ˵űӻһ֧ŻǶ֦֦׺ĻǶʣЩ¶顣

ڴӴ͸Ĺҫ˸ҫ۵Ө⣬Ƿ˵ʱȴڤЩۡ

ʧЩʲôʵȴҲǺ

һǧӣΪշģľûʲôˡŹܼһĻص

ˣ֪ˣȥɣڤķԸ۲תƺ뵽һЩ¡

Źܼұ˵ʲôģ۷ɨڤüʱҪ˵Ļ˻ȥ֮è˳ȥ

ڤЩΣΪʲôڲµʱȴ١ļвûʲô˰

һ֧ŵһһŻмƬ֪Ҷӻǻֲ

ѵĪǡһ֧

ڤżϵΨһµ֤Բ²ţƾԼԼľǽ꣬ġһ֧Щ

ֻ뵽͸Щ벻ͨԺˣǡһ֧һרϲЩ̰Ϊʵĺǡ

ڤϵİӣʲôΪʣ캦ѽôˣ

Ψһ¾Ƿ#˵㣬㲻ʲô˵ѵǷʱ̫УҲʼҪˣǻա




ʼ

ڤԲ²ԺУʱ仺ʧһα㵽磬緹ʱ䡣

᷹

ܷܷ緹ȴ緹ʱ

̤ͬŻĲЦӯӯز뷹

ܷܷˣߡѵóĬڤܷܷæкԼԵλã޵Ŀ⡣

㣬ã

ܷܷɵЦݻӦڤк޵Ŀ⳹ӣ˵űЦӯӯڤԡ

˵һǧ˵㣬ҪÿһǧʵļҵҲܲջ۵ĵȡɣһڤ⵰

뵽ܷܷ̲סд͵ЦõڶĿЦݸĲҫۡ

ܷܷΪʲôôˣŶܷܷԷв˶͵ֵڤеЩ죬ȴҲȾһЩ֮ǰüչ˫*ҲһĨЦ⣬*ӵȥ١

ܷܷһֱܿĵģ̇ͷһõЦܷܷϲ̵شСãͷĵĶЦЦˡ

һɵӣ㻹Цĳ֪֪ʧˡҲ಻סز˵

֪Ȼ֪һ˸ɵأôΪ¶ءǺǡܷܷʹĻص

ȴװһıصô£ܷܷ֪ȻԻıһ档鶼û档

ˣҪ̸Щ˵ˣԷڤո˿ת鱻ｫһἰŪЩˡ

˵ʲôֻСĵܻЩѲöԸ

ôҲ벻ͨôͶأר֮˵˷ϣʹԼ˴ĻеȵӸ뷳ꡣ

*С¹شˣҲʹʼҵ档

ӿԶȻܻһҪ취ǷʸΪҪϵԣҪԼ


____________________________________________________
װͬѧǲڱԹżûĳǳ,Ǻ,½̵Ϊ˵Ŷ!
Ǹ.






緹꣬ڤѾ̺ڣŹܼҾүλĲү㣬ǰš

ڤҴڣ͸Źܼǰȥ

ǰͥ

΢죬μڤ̧ŽǰżͼһλŨüۣźɫװǷŵĴͷŵĲмơ

װڤ*а²ݡ̧ʵǡ

ǸõһСС족ӷ·Ԥɻ󣬲˵Ǹ˭֣ǰԱ˼š

ұν£ڤõ̫ʦεʵ

Сʧˡڤתǰ˵

ûе£ǵҥͼ˵ӲʧԹҲûκ˵ԹڤȻɫص

µпǷɵ֮󣬱ȫµ˲ý⴫û뵽ȴǺ²ţ´ǧ

һĹ⾰ȻŵĲ춼֪˴£ҲָôҥĲˡ

үֺǵˣܾõķһ֧첻ĵһԵڤҪڸǵʵ

УѾģأ죡ץҥǱɣܷܷһǶӰ

ϵõģǸǸ겻ɢĴ׽Ϣ޲ý׷鰸Ĵ󱿵

ǵĳĳĳյҹһ̰ټȥ£ڰ·ֵڵ󱿵ӲǸ׷˺üʮֽβҧţȸƨ滹

׷Ķܷܷ˱㽫ݺݵϷŪһȻͣ½Ų

Ҫ˵ӵ֣ڲлǸ֣ǸܷܷȵĻЩģ˽ʮУܷܷƻ˵ֻ֣Ѩá

ܷܷͦģΪ˸룬ѵаضϵĴ󵶣ô棬ط趯˼£ϾֻʣһߵĿˡ

____________________________________________

˵⼸Ȼд߯û˼,ȴΪ˺ʹ̵,Ǻ,Ҳ,ȴǱ.ڴһ°!ǰ˵,ĳ,ʵ.ҿɶ˶ԴҵĳŵŶ.ܷܷĹ».




ҥ

һʱ䣬ӿǶ棬࣬ŵǰ֪Ц˶ٻأӴҲһţС⡱

뵽ˣܷܷ̲ס͵ЦѣǺǣǸ󱿵߯Цˡ

ߣڤһἰһ֧£˫ĿϣЩҲסˣȵݵڴ˺ʲôһ֧

ӱȵһͣʵĪһǰҪЩʲôȴڤԴǴϡ

󵨣˭ģ˵һҪٸݺݵ˭ڴ˺ҥ¡˵˴΢һ٣һѾȲ裬һڡ

Ƴ͵ӣȻֽЩ˵δʧԹʲôҲʲôԲˡ˵䣬²յתһԵŹܼҷԸŹܼͿ͡

˵գ䣬ֱͦſȥ˷ӱǳԽˣʮִͣڤǽнȥıӰĬĬȻǰ׷ү

£ˡ㣬ŹܼһͿ͡ڤȴͷҲصؾʹҪȰĻһͨף֪תĴ󱿵һŶ!

ܷܷʲôڤ̤ǰžײ˶͵ĶܷܷҿӦ飬̤ſڵǰһ̣ĴװѰʲôӡ

ܲˣ̧ͷЦĻشڤȴЩ棬ΪʲôҪʧԵ

ŶñһҰɣڤӻų£ʵʲô£ⲻȻĵҪܷܷӡ

ðܷܷװϲӦʵ

䣬ڤŶܷܷĴѰ

үðлǮŮɽ亣ζȴԲ¡



ɣŹܼ΢΢һ֣Ϳ͵ơ

ʹִףۣʱҲȭ΢΢׵ǣˡ˵գת̤뿪






ն˵·עһ֮գû뵽ʮ֣ǴӲĶȻͻȻá

õ

ǽǵɫֲڻƻʮְ¶ŷҷѩ׵ǽʵعһЩʫΪģҲԻΪģ

֣ԢԶ



ֻ֮䣬ǧ

ӵİǹӶ

֪˴˷ν£ڤѾ߷ϺõЦȹʵ

ܷ𣿡ֱӻشʻֻǹе׷ŶܷܷĽ

ģܷܷܺãúչġڤһἰܷܷо쳣ůЦҲԽĲá

Ǿͺãܷܶʱ򶼲̫£ҲˣЩСӣүܹ°ݲźá֪ôڤ˵ЩƺЩԵ˻֪ʲô£˵˻أ

ģȢܷܷպ°ǵȻġ˵ʲôڤаԲ²Ŷ˷⣬*סпʼЩ˵Ҳ

̫ձɻˡǲƳУͻȻôһţ༰Ϣ

ڤĻ׿ʶţ༰ȴϲͷˣ˵Ϣȷʵʵ

ϷҲҪˡܷүܶչˡ˵գҪǡ

ˣǡڤЩףǾ䡰ϷҪˡʲô˼Ըɻʵ

Ժͻ֪ġʼղҪȥ

ڤҪ߱һûڣͳ˷ţֻñظͶſڡ

үϷܰģĶˣϣүҲҪԼ˵ĻܷͰˣеĴſڣȻͷڤм˻ζ

Զȥڤ̫Ӹ˵ͬʱȴΪ˵ĻеءǺ¾Ȼ˻أ


____________________________________________________

˵̵½ڸ,ֻкϷŶ.ŶǺ,żһ°!




̫Ӽݵ

һˮ׶飬ɽˮһ塣
Ӷڶܷܷɢ˵ƺر죬ÿҹʮߣ𣬶ĵλ·Ҳһǧı仯ţֻ

еֻЦվ˿ޣ֪ǳٲյĶǺεȵļˡ

ҴһΣѹȥ⼸̽ҹܷܷ̽ǳ׵Ľ·Ū塣

峿Ӣ֦ͷϵϲȵؽиͣ˵ϲȵУ͵

Ȼ緹ʱӭһλͣǵµæµ

Ȼµ棬ɲܷܷΪԼλˣѾ߼ҶæµӰӢæǺסһλ˲ˮѾѯʡ

㣬ʲôĹͣôæµ

㲻֪̫үˡѾЦ˵꣬Ҵȥ

̫ӣ̫ӱȥĹôܵˣΪษѾߣٶĿϰȾٻ֪һЩҰĴ£̫Ӵ˰̣ȥػʼĹ£Ҳ㲻ʲôˣʱֵĺܴԱ˹֪ҲΪ档

ǼС㣬ΪǷӦȥӭأѾߣԶıӰöܷܷΪŮˣбҪȥӭ͡

С㣬ˡļҡʣϣܷܷȥӭͣһչŮ˵̬

ݿδؾܵõܷܷͬڶܷܷͲԼʲôֻӰˣȴʱһɳ죬ĺȥ

ŲϣʲôģӵɵģȤ߯û˼ˡ

С㣬ɣˣҵĺС㡭漱ľµİź˯Ķܷܷ̰˯ӣʵЩ޲ߡ

үȥ緹ͻȻű֧ѽһƿڤС澣˽̫үˣүūȥһͬš

̫үǲڤ죬Ǳȥػôȴܷܷ˼ҡ£˯ֻǲԸˡ

棬淳ˡ뵽ڤ죬Ķܷܷһ̵ش*ϣֻڤ죬ȴҪȥһģҪ

________________________________________________
,̫үڵǳ,,װ!
ɢ,ɢ!!




ο

ڤѾߺֽذܷܷϴ硪

Ϊһ׺ϲȴܷܷԣŪüϷҲӲ˴Ҳֻգ׵ŵȹ

廨İȹһ͸ⱡɴжȹ𣬱ɴƮ졣

崿ɰĶܷܷӳĵԽǲȾ˳͵͵·˼侫飬ô鶯ףƮ顣

бޣϸС׺䣬ж飬ϸⱦż£ȻԵж

ʩ֬ɨңһæµͭﵹӰһο˵ˮɽһȪ峺һۼף鵤΢΢һÿĻȣڽĴ绹⡣

ֻܷܷεСϣԾֳһĨЦ⣬ǳ䣬ǳǳأɷϲ۰

ЦСӦģҪȷһʶŶܷܷ΢ЦʵС㣬𣿡

ǿȥɣܷܷһЦ˵ű˷š

һ·;Ȼﻨ㣬һˣþʤյľ

沽뷹ʱѾ

ܷܷĵóƵķʱһͬһ磬Żķҷӭ˼ʣͽĿͶסϣۡ

ܷܷ˵ʲôɫǵľˣȴҲʣɣȻȥΣȻ£ο͡Ȼ޷ӵģΪĻ

ܷܷ֡ڤŶܷܷѵ

ĻͣעʱıųһĨޣӲϸƹˣԭϸϸôĽοˣûŮ˵ʴǣȴһ²ݺӵȻ֮ϲ۰

ܷܷСڤǷȥȴ̤ǿ̣Ͳ뿪ڤ

˵ڤ죬òü֮䵹ڤмƣȴΪӢһЩҲһѵõӣյٸŻ۵ĽɫۣĵԽ

__________________________________________________
һ㻹һ,Բ,Щ.






ڤ̫ԵЩᣬզ֮£ĲһŮˣʶ˲һЩ롣

ǰڤ˵ҪһˣǷ޵Ľüʱ˵İֻǰü֮ȴԲؼʧ˻

ȢڶܷܷܻͬʱʵҲڴ֪ΪܾڵȻһĪϤС

ǵģڤڤЦŵͷص

ܷܷһֱճյĻ֣оֲˬܷܷ֡ʶŶܷܷ˵Դ˼ֳ徢ȻԼȴ֪

磬áû뵽ܷܷȴֱ̫ӵ䣬еȣǷ˴ɡ

˾һȴǸ˼

΢ֳһ˿Ц⣬۵ɵӣ;ĳܰɣߣǵԹ͡

̺ĵѾߣҶȴǰ˿ģΪ˰亹ϣ̫ӲҪֲźá

ܷܷڤæǳ⣬֪ΪֱֵŭΪһĸŭЩϸϸȥ磬ֻǾôʱЩǡ

㲻ǵܷ𣿡ܷܷȴڤĺǳڤ磬Ľš

ǱЩڤǻðɣȴǰڴֲ÷սȭͷƺһص£ŭȻһԵ˾Ŀƣүôˣ

ܷܷܷһ׷ʣ·ڤңԶļ䣬ŬԺѰйֵܷĻ䡣

һ˲䣬ʱǸС磬磬꣬ȴԴСŮԺʻ

㣬ܷܷѹһĪϤС

ֻǰڵʮǰʶƺǵãΪ˹ʱҪǿȥŵʲôֻ̫ԶЩģһʱ޷ȫȴȻǵܷܷôˡ

ţȢǸնȻļǶܷܷɲһĴôͱĳɵأ̫ʣһʱ䣬ȴֲ֪ôӺ

ܷܷ㻹𣿡ǧתߣȴһ򵥲ʺ




ԭ

ڤһʺһ磬˾һ

оһ˿Ȼû뵽̫ӻʶܷܷɵӡ

ҶѾЦû뵽̫үʶȢɵôҲͲ˰ɣȻƽ̹

磬ܷܷһֱܺðܷܷϲ̵ػص˵仹ת˸Ȧ㿴ҪԴ֤ĺܺãܽҲ磬ڲ*СŮˡ

ǾͺáŶܷܷתȦĶͺƫƫĺ㣬̾ȹ䣬鶯Ʈݵ̬ʾڵĺܽڤĵװΪеˡ

ջ΢ЩԵĿ⣬ڤﾹЩζĶڤ磬û뵽ܷܷȻǾʶ䣬ڤ΢ܷܷ˹

ѽöǰˣͿĶͲˡڤڤҵ٩

ܷܷܷܷǲġ˵˴ܷܷﾹ˿ɬССʧ䣬ΪĽ΢һЩĺҿݵĻ̫ѴǷֵȴʧУǿ˳

Ǻǣ𣿡ڤеЩ˼شۣˣɲǹΪֻ̫֮Զʱȴһг嵭񣬽޴ӼҶ쵱һлٶ֡

Ȼһһûأܷܷǲôףͽǵġ˵䣬ܷܷӲȡһ壬͵ڤǰ㡱

һгŵ壬ԭͬʱƮŰɣȻǷݸĹԶģԶѣⲻҪŵ

ڤڤӶܷܷӹǿ飬ɫϺãӨ͸壬ⲻǶǰѳƶ˵ǿôǸ͵Ϊ£绹ܹʵ𷣡

˿ǰĹϵͬһ㣬֪ģ뵽˴ڤͲԾؽü΢΢Ϊλд˷ӦһʱЩĪͷ

ΪȢɣô֪¶ǣأǸﶼ̹ɣֻӸķӦûʲôرģ˶ѡ




ȥŵ

ܷܷԲ𡱽ӹܷܷ壬ڤ츧ĦϸڼЩĳŵ

ֻҪ㳤ˣȢҵʱڤ컹һλ¶С꣬ȴġ

ģʱĶܷܷղģ磬ۣȴǳĴ

ҪԣȽЩҩˡ

ƭܷİɣҽҩˣ˯ˣҪ͵͵뿪˰ɣ

粻ƭ㣬㿴罫鸸͵㣬ԴΪ֤ʱŴˣһȢ㡱

ãһΪƭŶ

ãҪƭܷܷĻûĺ³һȢϱȥС

ǺǣܷܷŲҪ統ֻҪȢܷܷͲᵱ

ǺǣǿȺȰɣ





ЩʱĻͳŵ·ڶǰȴ˷ǣڤעӶܷܷĺӳֳǸ⣬ȴǲ֪α.

һҪúôܷܷûжֵģøģϣܴúò

ǵȻܷܷôɰһáڤܻĿ⣬Цֳ̧ط϶ܷܷķޡ

ԴǺͶǵöܷܷͷۣ˭ϣðɫߣֵǳأĨͷ

ĶԴǷеҪȴҪЦ磬ÿడ

磬㲻øܷܷ˵Բģ֮ǲ˵Բġܷܷܹڤ쳤ӶһڤЦŻص

ڤЦֿĶܷܷеĸжԱʯĺڲӿϢǸСŮ֪Ȼ󣬾ôƽ⣬ػȣֻôѾͷΪλΪնأ

ܷܷ㻹ǵӽջʫ𣿡ڤʻһףٴθɡ

֮оǾ֮ɫԭɵǰʫСˡ

ѾߺͼҶȻͬʱȴз־ϲԭǵǰǺܴģȻʫ

ߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣ

Ժһлл֧֣ǿˣÿԼǵղŶҪץӡҲԵģ






ǺǣǵˡܷܷЦҡͷصԵúԻ󣬡磬ܷܷǰʫ𣿺ǺǣҲܷܷһҲǵˣԲ磬ܷܷǹҪƭġ

ڤƳԵĶܷܷһۣЩӣȴδ˵

ȻǰǴĲˡһ˵ǰڤƺ˷ܡ

ܷܷҲܴģĺúأǺǡͲҪ˵ˣ˵ȥˣϷôȥѽ

ܷܷڤ̸ǰΣеڼˣǲõ˵棬廹ģⲻǰʯͷԼĽ

ⷽİûڲѣڤǷȴ·ﲻԲ鼤

ҼҾվƣ԰˪
Өá
ѩ멣Ůװ
۵Ѽ·㡣
ҡȣ¶
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ԲѲ÷ȷ
һӽӴ˲¡

ǵʫġڤʫŤͷЦһɵֵĶܷܷ

ڳɵЦ治֪ôװȥ

д𣿺֣ܷܷʲô˼װɵӾ

ȻдˣǰǿǾСѾͷ˵˴ڤ˶٣ΪܷܷһǴ㣬ǰѽܻᱳʫʫʫʱ

˵ʵڤ˷ܷܷԼдʫŪīЩ⣬ѷʱȥˣ˵ҲûЩˡ

ڵܷܷҲǾģȷ˵Ҿ֪㡭ܷܷ͵̧֣аָڤ˵һ룬ͻȻס

ⷴӦڤ͵һĪ

˵Բѽ˶ҪˡҲ֪ɵҪ˵ʲô뽫͵һЩͯ¼ɣɾܴˣ

ܷܷԵ㣬ĸġû뵽ɵӣǰôҪ¿ʼʶɵˣǰҪľȶס죬û˵

ڤŶܷܷЦ쳣ģСȴ

ߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣ

˵ʫǽģǱԭڴͬѧǲҪᣮ




Ǹ

Ҿͷֵĳǽ㣬Ǹ硱ܷܷȴʣŷŶδ˵Ļڤ˵ֵڤ˵硣

ˡڤĻǵĿЦãв˵ֲԾض£Ӧ䣬ϵ˵һĻߣԹ˵ϡ

ֵĻ治һڤ״ܣʲ졣֮ȴҲЩңҿãû˵Щ߰¼

Ǻǣܷܷǡǡ

ôܷܷĺܴɣܷܷװɵ׷ʣڤǺε飬̲סңΣڽ

ǵȻ߯ˡĹ־ͱɵˣڤǳ鴤鼰䲻Ȼ̾ȴƣ̾ѡ

Ȣ˸Цõġӡпˡɻ

ۡڤ˵ĶԻȻٺõҲ̲סЦ㱻Եķҭ

ҶѾʲôģߣҲûʲôоˣȴȻĵװЦ⡣

ܷܷһֱġЦڤȻɫ޵

ǺǣǵȻܷܷɵŻص

ԶôģɵҲŵĸоܷܷϲ

ŶܷܷǴаЦڤипǧǰȴǵòˣȴʧȥǷ־ʱ̫ˣҲδʲô£ǸѵúͿ

̾һŪˣʮ֮*ҲܺãֻҪֱá

ŶԼɵĬĬӵ֪ģڤĵ׾һĪζ

šüʶ˦˦ͷˣѵ˵ΪɵӶֵĴס

ܣܡ

ɵȴǲԾؾרעڶܷܷϣһˣǰʲôӣôɵӵأ

ڤһ򵥵ɵӶܷܷһӣﾹض

ٷ˳Եĺܿģ磬ڤͶܷܷ

еȴԵĺƣһֱ䳡ĶͱܷܷŮ˵ڤ


˹̫ӵĹճˡ




޺

ڤҹʮ֣ڤˬҹ磬Ųȡ

̧ͷ죬ڵĻϣһӯ£쳣࣬˸˸

֪䣬ȻߵӢĴ⡣

۷ĴɨɨӰʱǾףΨи߹ȵֽ͸͵ɫΣŵɫҹǽǵĴҹĴ欵趯ϸϸ֦ϸ졣

ҹ˽ѾޣֻǴĸֵҹ⣬û˭ů͵ıѶҹ¶洵硣

֪ΪΣ˷ʮȥƣɵ

緹ʱڤܷܷʱ˵һϯЩӡ

ԭɵǰɵɵһǳǷӦʶһԴֻôţȴһԾǽԺӡ

̧ȥȻ֣ܷܷĵƾȻš



գһ΢ĺ

ܷܷȻ漣Ƶģ˹

ܷܷˣȴû*۾ͷǰɫᣣǸΣǲԾؾﰵӿһ˿ۡ

εϲǸˣӣһʢ

СĵǧУȫ޷԰ΣףԼ΢΢ЩĴ

ǱʶǵĺԼҲɬػӦ֮񻹸󵨵ı˵ϲ㡱

Լ治һĴأ!!

̲ס̣٣˫΢΢̵գ̲סԳԵЦ

ĸоʵ̫ʵˣָỮԼĴʱܸоõ£ĸо̲ס˼ƶˣ·ƮƮƮġ

С㣬С㡭ܷܷ̫רעԼξУȻȫĵ



˵,Ҫ,֪ʲôʱ,,Ǿ쿴.




͵Ц

˼𻰣ɵɵķЦ̲סһ棬С㣬뵽ʲô˵£Ҳ˵ūǴ漣Ȼ˽оԼˣһѵô硣

תҪԵһۣ־ҲһֱôЦ𣿡Уɵӣʱɵְ

ǺǣСǲ뵽ү͵ЦЦٵʵ

񾭣˭п

ܷܷشһ䲻ǣȴԼӵش˾䣺ôµˣᡭ

δô˵ǻ˵Ķܷܷ飬ܲ˵ض˶Լݺݶһѡ

Ǻǡ



ߣԷ

ڤѾǷŴ£˼ȴЩ翣˲ȥЦ⡣

үʲôôˣ˵ūūҲһ𡣡Ѵ׵ǰ˫ۣʣǧĵʵ

ĵ࣬ĹͷʱЩġ

ڤȻҹԷʲôҲ˵㽫ıסûüкϸʺһͬʱͱȻѹڴ֮ϣűǿ籩Ķεࡣ

䲻Ϊλ˼飬ȴԸԼоӣΪǰ㣬ȴԷ࣬˻ʲôˣֽԹϲˣҲ֪

ǻ˭ȻǱĿ˶Ҳ˵͵һ.ǵЦѣүûǺǡ

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ڤȻЦָĦ޵ĴָĦ涣ĿעǰŮ˵ĺ촽ȴһεС

ЦĻﲻԾѿڶҲ֪޵ǰˣǸ

ᴷţүᣬͻƭūң˵Щūҿġ˵ᣬЦȴδĵ۽ǵ

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˵½ڻܾ,ͬѧǿ,,Ͻ˰!Ǻ,ЦƮ,ȥ.




ɵŮ

Ȼµ˵Ļٵĳɷֹ࣬ȴԸⱻ˺ƭҲһҸ˵Ǹ˻ЩںԼģȻҲỨ˼˵ЩĵĻˡ

Ůɱѽܶʱ֪ƭ˵ĻȴҪ֮¡

һɵֿݵġ

үʲô𣿡ؿΪ죬Ϊ˻ʵ

£

ūүȥ֡

ðǰ˺ܷܷϣһȥɣ

ﰵɫЩˣسĻȴ˳ӣүܵūҷҲôţǳ緹ȥɣ

ˡ



ڤ̸ЦŲ뷹ʱѵһĶܷܷͿʼԽɲǰ˭

УԲԡ

˵£ܲˣֻܽԼĶͺˡ

ܷܷ簡ڤǵһܷܷкˡ

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˱Ҫ鳤һ꣬ҲҪһ꣬ʶԽԾӡ

ܷܷӷ˴սǿ̧ͷڤЦЦǻʺ

˽㣬үոпգ˵Ҫǽȥأ˵

Ӵүոôѽ˵ĵ⾢˰˴̳ӣζŨ

͵¶Ͼ飬ܷܷԾÿЦΪôһķ#ֵ

һתתһ룬ߣҲʲôöа꾫Ǿ;ɣɣܷܷпθϷɿ

ܷܷЩˣȥҪȥ֣˱һׯ¡ڤŮЦŻص

ôˣ̧ܷܷͷɻЦڤ

ܷܷ𣿡

̵ģ**ֿɶ

˵ôһ仰ˮ𣿹Ȼϣ˫۾ĵâֱܷܷ

ǺǣøˡɵʲôҲ£̵ĲĵâС˼






ĵâͱ˵ע£ܷܷ緹Ե쳣ѣǿɶˣĴ飬ȴˮ

ζǰܷܷҲǶ֡

ɫߣ͵ʱץ

ܶѣѰջнʱ

Թڤ֮ǰ˵ŮǵѾߣһȺƺƵϱȥ

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ܷܷıǰ棬ʳж.

ڤҲ󷽣̯ͣǰʿˮʱҪϲ̵Ǯʳ

ɫߣ󷽵ŵ㣬Ҫȥ󡣶ܷܷʳʱｫڤһ

˵ģڤǻǺܴ.

ûܷܷôûϢ֪ԣҪĶǶãݵݳƷ

ڤЦǺǵӣüͷһ£ǮĶǽһ

עĿټǮʣŮ˼ĽּʵĿ.

г##رţҪӸöð޲ԼڤκһŮ˾ͺˡ

ЩŮͶעĿ⣬ܷܷʹ.

ȺŮĿҲ̫ǳΪŵĺÿټԸ⻨ǮǺ

߯û۹ˣ

ߡﰵһܷܷǰ棬Щ˵Ŀȫӵ׾Ժ

Ȼ͸ֵȺһϤӰ

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塭ܷܷǰȥڤкͻȻֹΪ

Сġ

˵Уֱܷܷһε㱻ĻϤıζ˲ǶˣҪ̧ͷܷܷ֪˭

һ̣һܵķɿվĵطХһصĻҳ
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Ժһ,ûϵĵ!ллǼ֧!!




ƽ

㣬ҿˡ̧ͷܷܷ֪ڤ

ѵǿ磬ʲô˵ǰô

ƳڻЦŸ˵Ķܷܷ֪ģڤַǹϤᡣ

!

һǷ˲ŻɵӵĴףüڤԤģȻһƿеĶܷܷ

ܷܷĪһģЩҧ˾䣬ɫߣҪƿҲ֧ܣˤϰ

ղſɳ۶ĺȣĴһ˿мڱôԤһƣмһɢʲôûˡ

ߡܷܷһ³ƽ

ġܷܷٴתָſڤĵط˵ʱȴﻹǵӰǶܷܷ˵һסˡ

ôûڤָķ˰죬ȴûϤӰ

ղŻһĽ˵ЦôһͲأܷܷҧָͷ𣬰ʵĻص

һ˵иĽͶһڤĿ⣬һ£ЩҪ롣ܷܷˡ

үû°ɣ˴Ⱥ˹ͬضڤʵ

Ȼ˷־ͬʱ˵һĻ˶˱˴һۣŶԷαһЦȴǲظһ

ɫ꾫ŪģһСľ

ܷܷŶαļЦжԱ˴ڵĲ̾Ϣ

û£ǻҪʲô𣿡ѾѻɽĶڤضʵ

ү˵˱իһ鱦ȥưɣ̰ҪݺѹΡ

ڤǣֳһ˵Ļȣȫ㡱εؿӦʡ

̵һȺ֪࣬һƽϰյѪǮүǮǴģǴƽϰգϽ˰ġ

Ƕ֪ڼ׼ֻĿɶܷܷ̲סҪʹһžʹࡣ

ܷܷ߰ڤĴߴٵ˼

ŶˡЦӦ첽˵ĽŲ

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ż,ϵͳͳ,˹,ҹȴҳ򲻿,,ȵſԽ,ϵͳʵ˺!
żĵ.






һᣬ˱˵Ǹ˱ի

˵꣬ڱʰļȸɾ룬ĿƷذڷһȾĹ̨ϣһͲſýĿһţһĿȻеƷ

һ꣬ĿⴥЩƷʱ۾˲ƣŶģһʱʧУȡᣬ۾

ܷܷȴûʲôµۣվſڣעŽֵ˷

ǮڤһöΣԶְҵЦݣŵϰѰʵ



ϰ屨۵ܷܷȻףʲôôѽȴڤһöΣԼ֣ܷܷ

ܷܷ˹ȥ

ϲ𣿡ߵԣڤֺõĶʵ

ҵ𣿡ָ̧ܷܷԼȷʵ

ܺÿ˵䣬ڤ㽫б٣˺һ£ͷ޵

Ȼÿˣŵôʲôÿϰĵؽܷܷһǵڤǻ¶һڰѣĿ

ãǾˡڤ˵׼Ǯʡ

ҲҪܷܷȴһժ½ΣüЦŽӵϰ㡱

һӵڤһϰѼӣȻ˵ĸо

ϰһȴԸǰ˵

λˣ㿴ǶõĽΰһ֣ܺС

ܷܷ˳Ļ̧öΣϸţ

αϸһ̵ĺǾϸ÷

ֻɫ÷ͬѣɫˣǾͿԼˣʵ仨󣬿ǹʱҪôķˡ

СĻϻһֻƫƫչĺ̬鶯㱼һ֣·ʱܷĴ

ȻҲر𣬿ȴҪζǮϰʵЦĵȴŹ塣

ϰЦػص




ҵ

㣬ǮɣܷܷЦضڤ

ϰԣ֣Ůôλ๫㣿ȴˣֻ̫࣬⣬Ӿͺá

ڤһ٣ǲҪôôüЦͳӡϰ׼ȥӣû뵽ܷܷȴһɿؽӹЩӡ

Ǻǣܷܷģġ˵űܿˣϰһ󣬰һѿ

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ܷܷҪʲôڤеʣһ˫ķ΢΢ҪӸ˵һͺãαˣΪƺһɵӸеǻۡ

Ǻǣ㣬һ֪ˡܷܷ˵űֶȥ

Сȵū澡ʱ޿̲ں

ڤվڰ˱իĵڹۿŶܷܷһϵйΪĿԽԽ

Щһձ̯ǰеձȻַ˯·ֵЩؤҲһһʩЩؤǣؤõձӶԶܷܷмʲôƵģǧл

ֻܷܷǰڰ֣Цű뿪

ǺǣȻǮǾƻ£ΪЩηĶ˷ˡ

Ǻǣ㣬ˡܷܷЦܹڤһҲ˵ֱֱֻĿԵúǹ졣

ΪʲôҪǽΡʣһԵЩء

ΪܷܷҪȻЦĴɰ޷

ѽ治ϰζǮҪˡڤЩʲôȴ˵һʻϡ

λʶٶϹϰ϶ϲЦտػص

ү˵Ҵźòÿ˵űԾβޣڤһЦʵ



ÿˡ

ڤ*εؿ˵ʲôһȴܷܷһӶ˵Ǹϡ




һ˻

ÿˡ

ڤ*εؿ˵ʲôһȴܷܷһӶ˵Ǹϡ

ܷܷһ仰ȴڳÿһλķ˾úǶӡ

ʲô˼ߵܷܷǰƤЦⲻЦԺǲƵĿŶܷܷʵ

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һñЩҲ˵Щʲôһû뵽ɵҲͦ˵

бһ֮󣬱תĬĬŶܷܷƵڤүҾҪΣū˰ɣ

βУİɣֻҪ˿ʲôĵĶڤĵӣû뵽ȴһڻؾ

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ǱҪ͸ܷܷڤģȴǽŮ˰һ˵ɫ˲ļΪѿ

һ˫ĵŶܷܷ⣬˲佫˶

ֻܷܷ¶ȼ½ӭȴ¡΢ǰһܷܷ˵Ҫġ

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˼ƵЦŶԼ˵ɫлͣһ£ֻȷʵ⡣

ڤȴִ׵˾䣬У˵͸ܷܷҪ͸ܷܷ

ڤ仰˵ɾǻϽͣĻֱ쮣ȴЩ²пʵһ˻˵Ĳпʵ

ڼ޶ܷܷͬʱֶڤԹޣˣ#ϲɵԣȴϽվȻ֮

ΣԹޣֻʣʹȴû˻⡣ֻǾˣʧ˳谮
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Ըƽˣǿһ˿ЦС鲽ܷܷȥ

ܷܷȻүִҪ͸㣬ºˡ˵䣬㽫ԼϵöΣת嵽˶ܷܷͷϡ㿴ѽ

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㡭ǿһ˿Ц⣬˫ڵįʹܷܷ˼

̫

ֻҪϲʲô£ֻǱѡҪ͸ܷܷġڤƺҲ˵ʧģæǰ

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˱ի˵ҪʲôҲû򣬶Ҫȴƫƫ˸ˣҲǶܷܷ

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ҿ˱ի롰ɾӡ·̲Զһ͵ǵġɾӡ

ܷܷôˣ𣿸ҧгݵġ̤ɾӵǰһ̣ڤͻȻЦݶԺƣͷĶܷܷǹеʵ






еĶܷܷȻ̧ͷһ͡

Ҳôһ˲ܿ˹һɵӶеЦݱѸٵػصϣǺǣûа

ǱݿôϣڤضɵЩɣҪ̽

ǺǡǡɫߣѵǷʲô߲ɣ̵ģشǺ޵ҧгݡ

ɵݵȴʹؽ뷨ѻƣ

ʲôڤٶȱʣûһҪˮļȴЦ磬ֱöܷܷ뵽һʡЦ滢

ǡǡĿܷܷЩѹ»ңĪΪԲɶģڱһƣЩ˵

ܷܷôˣôţЩ룬װĵ׷ʡ

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ڤǷЦЦɿ۾ǵǽЦǺǡүٶ˵Ļ⽿

Ǽǵ彿öܷܷƤأܵĴֹ̼һ֣ݵġ

ɫߣѵ֪Ǵͥôкܶ˫۾أ̵ľͲռ㣬Ҫۡ

ܷܷǽȥɣڤɿ֣˽ȥܷܷȥ֮ǰ̧ͷɾӵò˶һ¥ߡ

ܷܷ𣿿ۣڤߴٵ

ŶܷܷЦţӦһ̧ű㲽˴ȥʱԤ˹䣬¥ȥ
___________________________________________________

½Ӧúܾ,,ڵ˼ʱ,Ǻ




ɩ

ܷܷڤĥһ£˺Ⱥѹﶩһһ·Ҫ䡣

ˣϲġߵһ䷿ʱܷܷôһ仰˵˵Ϥ

פ㣬ϸ˱磬ڤԥֽ̧俿ߵĴһƣӴȥڤϤӢ

硱ϲ̵ĽеλŮӣͷòЩǲɢĸ߹ӦλŮ

ܷܷлڤɻ̧ͷЦԼĶܷܷʱܸ⣬ô

ҡ

硭ܷܷ˵Ǹһģȴ֪ʱ߹վڤ˻ԭ˵Ļϡ

ЩȴڵƻЦŻͷһۣ㡱

üͷ̲סһ壬Ȼ۷ɨڤԵλʱ͵һûƽϵġ

ɩ΢΢Щɩֺѳڰ㣬еЩѡ

ܷܷ˳ȥŮӿΪڤлԵʣĽͷ̧΢ǣЦⷽһ̧ͷվڴĶܷܷò˸

ڤԵŮòʱܷܷ󺧣һȲѣǵòָ߰񣬻ɢĹʡ

ŮˣɫԺﹶϵŮ𣿱絽˴ŤͷЩڤһۣûǴĻɩ

ʲôȻɩȵȡ

뵽ܷܷסֽɨǴʱ΢ЦŵŮȻˡһը˹㣬һƬ

________________________________________________
˵½ڻܾ,Ͽϲͱ,Ͻղ˰!

Ҳ,,צӡ,лǾ͸.






뵽ܷܷסֽɨǴʱ΢ЦŵŮȻˡһը˹㣬һƬ

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ɫܣɫ߽ŮɩҲ˵Ůӡ

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ʵɫ£һλɫۣʵӣʮĵطȻͦңңԡ

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ڶܷܷǰӱǺÿĹֵڤӺš

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ʲô飬ƲСһ㣪ܷܷɫŹ塣





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Ȼɫһݣĵǽճġת˲ְµݣ֮Ҳ˼˷ܵЦ⡣

ǺǡɵЦЦҲش𣬺Ȼüһ˹壬˲ֳϷʣֶָ̧㿿㣬Ҿĵĸ㣬֪Ĵ𰸡

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Ŀһ˲ǴƮѬζǼ⣬ѬĶϵЦʢ

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ȥŷ֣ǷĵƻϨ𣬴ǰһƬȻסŲڷǷô룬ȥȴ¾˼ΣӰϢ







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Ǻǣܷܷ˯ϲ߱ӣߵ㣬ⴲ̫СˣܼװߣӲҪ£ǵʱ´ɾͲҪˣѹġ












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˾ôһǰһ˵˵ЦЦ߳Ĵš

ƺԶȥķ·ٽ

ĩĳҲЩۣˣ

Ӣ

ӣͷףһصĲк죬۵֦⣬ԵЩ㣬ҶЩĻŽⴺٽļįʱˣӢݳ㣬

һֱһٵ˾

ҹ˵Ķܷܷʱ˹ĵȴһֱغһԣȴ

۾ǰʺ򣬡С㣬ˡ

棬ҶӺöȥŪʲôԵĶû뵽ܷܷĵһ¾˵Ӷ

Ҳѹ֣˶ˣˣȻһҲûԵǾͭˡ

С㣬ģѰˣū澹СʱԤˡΪ̺Ѿߣ˽ϰԣ΢Ľ

һ˵űӣϸϸֿйɷƮζ̧򷿼СԲȥһƯʳоİɢ˵ķζ

ܷܷüЦض޵棬ãôģôѾͷе᲻뿪ˡ

汻޵Щ˼һЦūӦģС㣬÷ɣ˵̺¡

һֽͽܷܷʰҲ̺˷

뽫꣬ң¸صŹܼҡ

ֻϹףԶܷܷɵǹϸĵ̫Ӹȥһ

˭룿ŮˣͲȥˣĻ̫ӸһΣʶʶ

û˵ֻ˵롱Źܼұعؾʵش

ȥܷܷ򵥵ķԸ

ǣūȥ˴ʸŹܼϰԵһǸְĺūš

˵գ˳ȥ

վסˣ˭룬ȥˡŹܼҽ˵⣬ת׼ȥȴֱܷܷ˻

ǸŮȻᣬҲ̫ӸЩ£ȥһΣ˵ˣ϶Ҳܼ硣

ҲͦƵģ⼸Ϊ˶ڤӢ벽Щˡ

õģūȥػŹܼص

ȥɣ˵ܷܷ꣬ӹõˮ

ǡŹܼӦ˳ȥҲû˽סˡ

Ŷܷܷ̫ӸʱȻľĵĻȡ






ھʮ

Ů֣һΪһˣñ˴˱ɴ⬻๥ˮݵӣһȴǵĺ׽ƵģĵĻȡ

νӱ䣬û˭ܵйǰλᷳĺ꾫ˣܷܷ

λáɵӵϷʱֵˣЦݲã

бһۣ𻰣ײƺ֮˵һɵӶѣҲûҪȥЦֺãķС

ãɣЦţк

ŶܷܷӦԵλãԡ

һ·϶һûһţܷܷȴĵ˯˸

Ѿ̫ӸˡڳĴܷܷŲԸ۾ˡû뵽ô͵ˡ

˵˳

һӴĽǰЩϰΪЦűɳӭӵ˽ȥ

˵ܷܷҲٵĸլԺ̫ӸЩլԺǴͬ

ǽɫ˸λõɫâܶΰӴ

ڷǰһһҵʯʨҲǸоƣȻΪʼҳƷ

ܷܷǿѽ԰ͷһأ治ѣվڴ⿴˰죬粻̫ӸЦŴߴ˺üΣǲͣ԰ӵġ

С㣬ǽȥɣεɤӣСĴߴѣ̫ӸԵȺļ͵Цѡ

롱ȢǸɵӣĺ̨ôӲЩ˵ҲҵǱعؾС̺ԡ

Ǻǣ̫Ӹ֪ڲڣ磬ܷܷˡܷܷҲһ˵ĺЦ۹⣬ɵ˵˵Ļ£ԿԼƬСıس̫Ӹ

˸ܷܷûʲôˣΪЩʮ壬ˮ¥Ŀ˵Ǵྶͥûʲôƣ滨ݣɽˮЩҲУ᲻¡

ҵȣū澽ȥ̫óӭӡȻߵһԺǰǼæɱסŲҪܷܷȺ

УԭŮѽڲڣֻܷܷˣǸŮˣŲϣأ

̫үڸڣʥȥˣڴԺ򡭡

̫Ӹ˼ֱ̫ү䵹ҲȣĳЩ˴Źܷܷ̫ӵĹϵɣԾǱعؾӦУ˵ձ㶪¶ܷܷͶ˽Ժ䡣

ܷܷվģ̧Ժıˬˬ֣һƷ㡱

ֲöܷܷ²⣬ǺȲĵطס˵ĵطȡôЦ֡

ǵ˰Ҳ˳ػܷܷ̫ڶڼӣ

ɲˣû

Ůˣ̵вϲͱ밡ֻǶ͵ˣαضһ٣Ū飬԰ǳӣ

ߣżܷܷϣЩᣬαĸ꾫ƵŮأһܷܷ㲻ڴɵȡ

棬ǲҪٵˣߣҸĵطȿڲϢһ¡̧ͷͷɹۻʮֵֵ̫˵ֻڸ͡

С㣬̫Ҫһô죿ĶЩϸȴǲȥ

Ǻãȣȥһ˵䣬ܷܷ첽뿪ˣŲ뱻ɸ㣬ɵվţɹ̫

˼ֶסͷվڶ̫ɵɹŲȽһ¡

棬ˣǺɻرЪϢһ°ɣɵѾͷԸȣ˼һԸأ

ˣС㣬Լȥɣū澾Ⱥˣ̫ū澾ȥ㡱ĵСѾͷԸԼۣҲǼСܿࡣ

ĲѾͷǱվѽ

СȥɣվȺˡ۵Ļš

ɲܹûİǽйģԼ

ܷܷ̾һ죬߿Ǻɻرߵͤȥ





ھʮ

ͤڣ΢죬ˬʣܷܷͣߣ͵ĺҶԷһ˯ˣҲ֪˯˶ãͻȻһܲĻﳳѡ

ι߿СүҪڴЪͺɡɤЩۣȴԵĺܡ

ܷܷԺ۾һʮҵСкվ̨ͤϣɫʻ

ܷܷȷܣֳŵƷ۵Сûеڶˡ

ɣѵǰԵĻǴ˵ģڸ˵𣿡ţϾ˳

׳ա߿үˡСкشĻھ׳գ߽ܲͤ

˭׳գСᣬܷܷüƣûʲô˴߾棬ҲֻĵһģӰѣеңԶ

±Ҫѵ⺢һٵ壬̫ǵһ

ү˵Ļǰ׳ʲôǺߵǰı˵

ӴǣСӣҲ̫˰ɣҵıǿ̣ܷܷҲһҪĸûûСƨС

Ӧýҽ㣬ұ󡱶ܷܷ룬һʶƨСǰװҪǼɵװȥ۸ԼҲ̫ˡ

ҲʶԼԺ˵֮£װͿˣҲκβ

Ѷϱж˲佫ɵαװЦжȥ׶ץסк죬ݺݵĵн㣬оʹƨɿߣСԸˣǻʲô

׳գ֣Ȼɱ⡱û뵽˵ĻȶܷܷҪ߼֣ƯиǶһ֮⣬̬ȣɾͿŭ˱Ķܷܷ

ֻܷܷĲ˼Ҳ˼һѽϺݺݵĴƨɣߴʵвн㣬ûòļһҴƨɿ

Уˣ׳ŮˣҴүҪȫҡСкɾǿزԸиǶ˫Ŀʺ죬档

˵ʲô˵һ飿ܷܷ˼£оֶЩˡ

˵ȫң׳ŮˡСкɲģš

СӣҴ㣬Ӳ

׳Ů˿Ҫʬ

Сӡ



ܷܷ׼£ģ˵ģ˭֪С֮

ˣģĸޣ˵Ļȴ˻ӣݶ

öܷܷջ𣬴ŴűͣˣҲˣŽСһߣǺӴʼմδϹͷźݻ

˵ʵܷܷЩ;򾢡

δ˾ǿִݾСֱ̧ۣϸСӡ

СӲĸ۵ĺÿҪü֮ǹµ̫ڤ쵹мƣ˫ʱ޺޵ĵŶܷܷŭ

üǷƣöܷܷĿ£ЩңаԲ²ݣĪСӺɫ߰Ҳһλүڻ֮ǰ̵ĺݻֲ²ĿԽԽ

ǺǣСܵܲˣˡ

ܷܷ뵽пܴһλӣЩС£µȥǻʵϵǻʵһʱУͿĻȫңɲͷˡ

ԼСҲ붪ϵ͸Ӧˣ

֮ǳûû˷֣ŵ֮󼪣ԺָأˡҪڱҪ뿪޶֤ץѱ

˭СӾĺܣҲѲǰ̤ͤͺŸһץסܷܷķޣ֣лдʵɶŮˣȻ˱ܣ롱

ţ
Ȼλүˡ

Գүܷܷһӱʧ˷ŵƣٲ㶯ΣֻСү֣㷽ǸġҪѧͨĳЩʱҪ󣬶ʱϻҲҪȻԿĿԼ






ʮ

ֺóˣһҪɱ㡱СүЩͣȻͣˡķ˲䳶ң䡣

ۣۣС̫ſˣ

ֱܷܷͷƤ飬קͷĵطʹѣһҪǣƣһƯĻתһڣֻͨһûպãǶħСӸ˦ͽĺɻȥˡ

Ӿû뵽ӲСӴʱĵشУ

ܷܷҲʶˮԣһǲ˺¸ҵȥȥ֮ŷֳˮλǳչϥǶѡ

Ȼǳȴӽŵ״ס˫۴˸

ǰЩЦ

龪һ

հСʱ򣬾ʹ뿪

˭ûüСӾץƵģס֣ȾȱҲ۾ԴУ˲ʲôӣҲǾǿ

۾ͲģŵʶѡɵСӣЦ£ӱȽϿɰ

ܷܷץס˫磬ҡΣҪЩƸ۾֪ˡϾǸ𣡣

׳ŮˣղŽ˭ҪͷСĻСĵ۾ƣ˵ǰ㣬ˮǳֻʶѣ첻֮

ָ֮ǰǰԵŵ棬Ǻɫ˲תΪ䰽һ˫ƯǺܲƵżı֮⡣

ܷܷ⺢ӱٶ֮죬̾磬΢һȴֱץס˷ޣקͷƤ˺Ѱʹ۵İҧǳ鴤ᶼ˳

Сɺر

ùǳŲСħˣ

ǺǣСܵܣɿԼߡܷܷѵŤͷֺõһЦҪȱɿֻҪһ֣ͳûߣڴͣƬ̡

֣ܰ붼룬ȻҴңǾԲģ׳Ůˡû뵽СһܴȻҪܵͼ

䣬˱Ƶ˰Ǵĩĳůʪܵ˵ĻҲǺ

һ΢紵С䣬ûиоƵģ綼

ǶܷܷҲǺܲؿʼɪɪ˫ȸûϢԾص޻

㡭šţΪ䣬岻ϵĴŶ£˵ԵЩˣܷܷ½󣬰¾ģ˾ţҲҪʹǿӲֶν֡

ôƨС񾭳˼ͷ¡

ַô׼ȷô񣬻һСħĻѲĽ

ܷܷɿɨһܣ֣ȻɰӰҲù죬ʱҲܲôֻ࣬ȥ

ٵָһ㣬Ѩãҵץ޵ָһƵģȾܣͷȥСӳԱı鶼

ϲת壬ײһȺˣܷܷΪңֱֱײΪ׵һŮ˻

Բ𡭡ԵúܻҵظŮ˵˸Ǹͷû̧׼Ⱦܡϡ

վסŮ˷·Ҫ׷Ƶģסܷܷ˺󼸲ֵ̧ͷ

Ľҡڷҡϸ΢ö죬ϸķüޣ˵Ӻݻһ˫ĵۣޡ

ʱȴжܷܷеһ˿⣬ԾǺâЩϤȴ֪˶ϵϣԺɣأ

ûпһʮҵСкŮ˵Ķȴ͸һ˲ׯ֮

ʮҵСкǲ˵ǶħСһʣȴжܷܷġ⡱һ£Щҡ









ھʮ

ûСԱ㲻,Ȼؾѿڶ

ŮĻشҲ𻰣ֻΧתȦǺƿԴ͸˹ѪϬǰǰҵؽϸϸش˸顣

ŮˣܷܷɢңʪܵͬЩɣ㿪ʵ˭

ҡܷܷµ˼ҪҪ˵ʵݣϸ㷢ˡ

ҵСүˡ˾ϲߴкš

һүһʵǰԵĸӹϵ.

ܷܷкд󾪣ȴɫҲܿѹ־֮ϤǶħСӵ

ǵùһСĶѾѲˣڻģžͲʲôöԸĽɫ֪ܲ˵ӹһ١

Ѽˣ޷ı䣬ֻܲ.

ܷܷɫӲͷƤǰǣֺõһЦǺǡСүҵˡɤӣѧǱϲ˰˵ԵЩɵȴҪЧ

ŮĮؽܷܷɨһۣ֮һӵĹŮӣһҲͣԴȥܷܷҲһ̲ͣذȾܡ

ֻŵûȣܵĿЩ

վסץס˭֪ûʹ˽к.

Ƕܷܷ˶ĵطݵĹ˼ֲʹṦûñ㱻ЩֵĹŮ̫ץס˸ʵ

ˣЩһǣȻʱӣôģʱ׼ץƵġ

ĸһҪݺݵĳͷ˻ʶʶɻȻʹʶסħСӲ֪ʱ˽⿪ѨָݺݵָűĽʵĶܷܷ

˵˭ӱ۸Ů˵Ŀ˲Ҳĺܲƣݺ

ҡҡǡװɵӵʱƺܷܷҡСԴãȻ޴ʹԼ˭üͷ΢΢С죬Եüɵֿɰɵӵĸոպá

˵˸죬Ӳʱ

ۣΪСħȻӣھҪ졣

ˣƤ֮ⲻ˵ġ

ΪСǴȰϵˣ

һ仰ô˵𣿳ԵĿп࣬Ϊˣһ죬ܷܷӱֻء

Ůһ˲һֵĹŮǰܷܷǰһЦֱһĶӡ

žڶܷܷ߻صֱЩð⣬㵣Ҫֲ嶫ҡתŵڵء

ǹŮԲϷŹһȵˤڵصٴθ߸ƣ£ָһصĶ⡣

˵˵ߴ߶ݺݵıš

ֱܷܷջգʹѣоǻںЩζЩҺƺ˳硣

ܷܷܻҲԹޣȴ㷢ҲװɵǰԸɣΨֻ֮ʾۿһ죬Сһ񣬸ЩΧ

ǶħСȴ˿˵һµĻ

ֻɨ˶ܷܷһۣ޺޵ĵĸ̫ˣղŻҵƨɡ



СħΪСħѪˣӱĲݡ

̣ǲĸİ̫û˰ɣ

ܷܷԺ޵ȴݺͱκβֻϣЩ˾Ⱦɣ

˵̫Ӹô̫Ӹô죬ȻһҲû֡

ѵǶ󣬺ãͳɤţޣˣôţϱж.

ۡûдҲʶۡۡ߿ޱߵҲˡ

С㡱Ŀû̫Ӹˣȴĵˡ

˭˭ǼС㣿СħüͻȻֵʵ






ھʮ

ܷܷавһҪеݸ¶𣡵Ҳܲô࣬˾ͷ·ץһþƵġ

ֹŮǯƣͻȻֵȵ桭ҡ

ֻ̧ʪܣɢң㣬Ҳȵĸ߸ߺһ˵ͷ⣬ѿֿǻδɵѪ˿.

̣ģһ鱣

С㡭۵سȵĶܷܷ֣ȥǵѪ˿ߵػͷʵʲôˣΪʲôҪҼС㣬֪˭𣿡

ߣСħһ绨ĴֳһĨЦ⣬ɫһηĶͶ˵ҹ˭Сң˭ܷ

̧ۣһ۰ĿɰСģȴ˵ĻˣͲһСӸеɫ

Ȼ㣬ڶ˫Ӻ̲סжһ£ţ˭

ôǼС㣬ǿ֪Ҳǵǧ̫ˣһʱҲܲô࣬ɫض˴ĵ˶ܷܷ˫ݡ

룬ǼңүүǿӲ̨ܣѵЩ˲ɡɫɱȶܷܷӴܵĻģǿˣǿӲͦıֱ

ߣΪǸ˲õأû뵽ԭǾøʢǵһɵСħﲻߵз̵ζŨ

ĸʲôǵһɵСħﲻʵ

Ƿ֣Ȣλɵ𣡡΢ﴽǣ¶һĨЦ⣬˵

ǺǣԭɵӰСħûظɴЦ

Ǻǣɲɵӣû뵽ǿƸ߹ʵСħӴЦԼҲƱȾ㣬˼̬ͷȡЦ

Цȴﲻ۵ףû˿£۵׾һĨ塣

˵Ƕãһ˵ĺܣǶ£ȻڻʵǰǱʧ裬Ҫϵ̫飬ѳıʱƻ

ץСӣҲĻû뵽վŮ˺õĳᣬ˵ôܾʹ˷Źأ

Сħ˼ת֮Ц⣬Ѿͷץһ򣬾񣬼˱ݣȻǰشԱ˵һ㲻ʼ󲻾ѾͷһҪݺݵ죡

ǡ滹δ꣬ͱϵһߣݺݵһ⡣

Ǻǡʱ˭𣿡Сħ汻ܿĵӣõЦϾ꣬汾úûش⣬װס

ǡһһɼŮվӦ

ȻС鲽ȵߵͷתǰӯӯһЦ󣬱СħķԸ

СѾͷ˭𣿸Ҳ޷ˣǵóĻиղλ˵ģǵСүڻߣҲ׳ү

Ҳǻ÷ǹڲЩǿңûʲôǸץסңңܷܷŤűĽʵĽСش

ǹ⽫˵ɻ÷ĻûԽһתͷСħЦʵС˵ɵӸղôˣ˵ĸ㱨

ֺݺݵشҵƨɣĸʶƨɵڻʹأСħǺĴشŻʻݳ߼ѵСƨɣЩնŶܷܷƵ۾

ǶܷܷѪֲֻа

ĲİɶСħ̵ķŰʱôޣڶˣȻ̬

꣬ԽƻСꡣ

̣զôùأ





ھʮ

ûԲܳϣҲܳ.

㡭˵˵ԩˣ̵ģͲϣô

򶼰ˣٳЩʵ̫𣬾ԲܳϣϣͲĸŪɵ.

侲һ룬ô˵Ҳһˡ

ɰ󡭡ƤЦⲻЦضŶܷܷԵĹŮ

ܷܷдϲȻЦЩ٣˸ɰȴģû뵽ħҲ̫

˭֪˻ûάְӣ㱻һˡ

úõ׽סŪ΢΢𴽽ǣչնŶܷܷõһЦ.

ЦеߵħҡĽЦ,ͷ΢΢ö졣

ȻڶܷܷЦȴĳʮֵ̫ԵЩۣǽҡöҲԵúǴ̶

ءҲ֡ҪָѵСħ˵Ҫֵ֣ܷܷĹŮǿֱۣд󾪣ûҪҵ֡

ʲôС㣡ܷܷҪȥκαһŮסѲ࣬㰡

ſҡҪҵ֣ܷܷʹóЩ书ӣԾɰѲץסĹŮţȴ޿κΣֻдУҪҵ֡ûдҰɣ

֪˰ɣСħܷܷŵҽУְѲˣ޿κεĿ״ͷطЦ

ޣСӣһ죬㣡Цöܷܷ˼㣬аԷģлһҪ

ҪĻҪסԼ˵ȵһ߹һȴԲӰֳǡ

С㣬£ǲҰôġû뵽ʱ淴ȶܷܷ򶨣¸Ҷˣûη巴ο𾪿ֲѵĶܷܷˡ

žѾͷô󣬿Ҳ˺죡ץסĹŮǰ㰲οܷܷĻյƺݺݵظһ⡣

С˲ҲܷܷǰͷҲЩѪ˿˳ʳ

桭ΪʲôҪȺˣԺԲŹǵġǱĺСܷܷǼۣݻþԣȻ˳

аĴЦЦ󣬷һбվԵһλŵĹŮʹ˸ɫ

ǹŮĬƵģһЦһĨ⣬Ⱥ

ĳŮˣŮˣҪǸҿҵ֣ٴ棬ҵһŹģȻעҪҲҪͼ֮죬Ů˵Ķ䲻徲

㡭ƯŮˣñ˵󣬸Ӽɻ˵ԼϣܷܷһļɽʹҧݣҪǰٸ⡣

󵨣

ž

ƺƨ̫࣬ץסܷܷŮͬһʱ䣬Ĭһ˴ǳ⣬һ˱ָһĶӡ

ЩŮǺѵذ㣬ʾܻԹɫֻһɫһıܶӵ˼

̵һȺƵСˣ⣬ĶܷܷҲõĳʽˡ

ҵˡһᣬ֮ǰ뿪곤Ů˻ǣȴһϸĴӡ

ǿȥִаɣ̧һ£赭дطԸţ˵һ޹ؽҪûʲô˵£ǺЦḧŪָöҫ۵ĺ챦ʯָ

Ūһᣬ̧֣ٹͷĵֱֱں챦ʯ棬һҫ貵ĺɫâȾǷֵǶѪĺζ










ھʮ

Ҫʲôңܷܷ곤Ůӣֳֹƽ˲ɴɫ۱䣬ԴҲ

ҲСм֮ǹŮŵͣ½Ųһ٣㶶Ĺ

°û뵽һɵӾȻҲ㺧˵񣬿ǹټǧǰҲǰ׵ġ

ʲô춯֣ܷܷôҲвǿƷֵ˶ʵ˲¹ͷĸϻ֮ͺ

ʱĶܷܷȺݾҪѷɫ١



ꡱ

С㡪

ŮĹͶֱܷܷײ죬ŹͷѵĴʱ

汯ĽлҲ쳹̫Ӹܷܷһûüʹ˹ȥ

ӺݻĻ߾ֱۣӭǿѪ欵ĺ챦ʯųһƻõĺɫ

ͷҲ̧ƣȴ֪ʲôʲôıҪϵе硣

ķϣԲطôݣ˭ǶŮ˭ôϲ£Ȼһĺأ

ǳְ곤ŮܷܷԴûЩĵؽ̽£Сĵԣֻ.

ȻϢ΢ȴнг΢ĺš

˲ŰӣǰһԻػصȥˡ

ߣûã棡СħһЩá

ˡһȦ۵СĶİο

ڴʱһȺ˹һߵ˸ǰ

μӦʥݣ

μ

밲

ʱ̫ŶͻȻ֣ЦӯӯĸȥѾ˾׳۵ذһء

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ǶĴֻ˸λƷ裬졢̸ģԼ֮¸ˣٴΰݵأԸܷԵǽӼ٣֮

˵һԸܷĻǻ׷ȥ.

ЩգȴҲ÷бصһۣԻ㵽λ촽΢΢̧һӣǿǿĻصɣ

ллﲻ̫֮ԣ̧׶ŻׯӯӯһЦĻص

վĶҲһվ̫࣬뻪֮ĶԻ

ʱ˵ˣ޶˵лûǲ.

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ھʮ

̧վǰص̫ɨۣеľζԶ壬Ũ̫İק䣬ֱؽڷס

ڤǻ·ûƵģҲԽ˱ֱܷܷȥ

ò񣬷Σ֥񣬰Ʈɣī

ڤĳ򻨴УۣҫһƬҶŮǵľĿ⡣

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ʵŵǷݻǶԵЩŮ̫˵ҲǸǸҪܷܷһСС档

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죬ɩ´ûдСصĳƺ׵ܵܣҲ㣡

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δڳģļڤһֱЦݣΣѹӵĻģ

ȻûбףҲûȷָ˭Ǻâͻֵķ˪ı飬üͷı޲ŭ

ûȫҦɪҲŵõΪιʣпǰڻӣǻ˵һɣ

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һ

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ҶѾͷϸչ˵ĺܺãڤ˵ʱҲÿձص꺮ů΢ȴܷܷܣеİ

˼ɵӵݣҲҽеĲãֵ̫ԡ

ÿڤһӢװ۵ӣҪ˯ԶڤɻҲ˵ʲôֻ˵˵ۣҪϢҲ

˯Ķ࣬кܶʱ⣬侲ϸһ룬µ̫Ӹ϶̫Ѳ˸ϵ

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Ȼ̫ΪҪпܻΪڤջˮϸ˵ڤҲǺ˵ĽӼףΪ̫Ӹмûţ

ҪмҲаôû˺֮ǰأʵʱûмʱ֣ܷܷҲͲܸм

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ᣬǳ伣ˣûӰ٣ĵĻٽ

Ӣ

ӣɾ㣬ĵҩţﻨǲϣҲԶ磬Ѭױʵæ

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˵ǻеܱǸΣҪūЩƷⲻǣܿΪԭǻĹʧҪǺ޲źã

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˵ܷܷ֮Ҳ֪Ƕɵǧ𣬿ȴĸҡ

ΨһǣΪǻ֪Ͷǧ֮ôأ

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ǽϾĹŮʱ뵱ЩƷȫˤϣ˵ϹĿɶǻҲʵ̫α̫ƻֱ˷ָĵز

Ҫ⣬Ϸܷܷ֮̾磬޷

ǸŮϾꡪ

ǻܷܷǰֱöϣȻЩƷǸ.

˵Ϊʶݣʶ˺еһ˺ֻһѣҪΪԭĹʧ.

Ϊԭܷܷ

´𰸾Ƿ񶨵ġܡ

µĶܷܷȴʲôҲʲôҲ˵ֻڻǸɵӡ

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ǶܷܷȴɵӰûûΣǣʵҲڸʵĻԣӻǳ

ǣȴֲܷգƵ˼㣬ˣ

ҪϻҪǹŮԵɵЦ

̵ģܷܷδֽôҹǿɶûͷԵķүҪѡΨֱ֮ɵù˲ϣײа

УһҪ취ƣɵݣҲҪӳ

ߡɶ񣬶ܷܷԡƵһƻŸӳƻ

ʱֻ֦ѽһűƿܷܷɻʵ𣿡

ȴŽŲԽԽֵܷܷת쳤ӣСԴҪ徿Ǻˣ˴ײķ䣬ԡ

ι˭ѽûòȴ͸ĵؽſ϶һ˫˵ưЬӡ








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ôʶˡƮǵ٩ζŨϷζûӵķڤ˭

㡭ԡܷܷʶԡһ㽫̶ֹǽڵļװŪʪҪŪʪǿǶԹͷԭӰġ

𣡡ҿڤֿ죬һץס/ļΣӥץСƵģˮ档

һ˲䣬˵չǰһɣ۸

ƵխСռˮεѩأ壬ڵƻ£˵Ө.

ͫٶŴȻȼһССĻ棬΢΢ţļ

ͻȻЩ֪룬ȴֲ֪Ǻáɵ˼УҲ˽뿪͸ᣬӵĹѵˡ

ȻһӴ϶˽ɨϸ֬ʤѩɨ֮͸˿˿⣬ʱˮԼǳġ

˲Сǵͨ죬붼߳ŭҪæ˵˫ֻסǰҪλ

Ǻǣû뵽ҵôߣǿɰû뵽͵ӵΪΪܣ֪ߵĸЦ

㡭׼һ䣬ȻʶԼڵݣӦñֵôˣôڳæɷסϵ˱䣬˲ŭתΪ˿

ŶδһӾϡ

ллòظлʵȴһ٣ȴôɣֱץסԡۡ

ң

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Ҫšҡȵ˵ˣСǺ͸˵ƻ鼱֮£ˮںۿڴת

ܴŭΨһİ취ֻʾװˣ

ˣҲˣ㾹ȻҪˡڤԡ۽ãԡ裬߳磬ȥ

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Ǵɾӻǵ˵ǿǹҲû˵ʲôѽӣ𵽵׾ǣαô⣬Ť

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ᳶǣЩ棬ؽĴãùһԵԡϸΪϺͽδɵˮΡ

áˡܵջȽţٺٸЦͿˡнĪδܽӴеĺܣŵִ

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Ȼоɵѵʲô߲ɡ

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102

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ΪҪװɵαװʵֻǺԸ

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ܷܷ𣿡ץŷ˿ԵЩԺװɵһֱǿô֪

ΣԼûⶼ֪ɵĹס

˵ҴһһЩҲ֤ʵһЩеĻɣᱻǰɵıƭ

𣿲֪ˡһֻ֣ȥϵۣһֻһ׼ãŴ츻ĵĶǡ

㡭ʲôŵٴν˫۵ǰʮ־ʱͼıƵġ

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ʲô𱡴аһЦַĶǣƽֱƵǣ޿֮ͣס

ĿźɬǺСһ˿һ£ȻõͳȻɤ૰㣬ĵܷܷ㣡ζš

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俴ϷʵЦĻʵʵĻ

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ͻϰߣˡʣյ૵

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ѽذȾɣ

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ѱǵЩͷתӿհףʧȥ˼

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˲ˣܷܷԸ⣬ǲġǿŮ˸Լ£һ磬˫۳࣬׵Ķͷ𴽽ǣЦص

ֲǳ˵ҰޣôңҲܷܷӲȥ˵Ǹʲô绨»








103

Ȼǳ˵ҰޣȴЩҰ޻Ҫ£ܷܷӦĻֹ

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ѵ˵ƭ㲻ɡΣ̫ˣ΢Цţػص

оǳ磬ҪûҿˣĵĲȻ綼ȥ

ҪѹܷܷòãѹҶܺˡҪȣգ۾

áҿɲҵܷܷϢڨЦţ޵ĺ촽һģ˴ȴԲذϱ

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Ժ㲻˿һͿˣڤת΢ЦŷԸ

еģܲأֻһЩۡ

˵оУѵĻҲ𣿻ԺٽܷܷС㣬Ѽ޵СษȥĳƺԺϲáС㡯ֳƺ֪𣿡

һ˵һĻ֮ͷؽĿɨڴϵĶܷܷ뿴ķӦ

ʵ治ܽСС㡱ֻ׼Сʱ򣬰ҲܷܷѼ޸ʵϣʵҪٷִܿ

ܷܷ۾װ˯ʵ飬Щʧ

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롭뵽ϲū澾ŸδĻ˵

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ܷܷ۾ȴ˼⣬ıຣ

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вȴ޹۵Ŀˣ̵ģ˰˱ѪùŻᱻѡء

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Ϊ䣬Ƕ꣬Ǹ׳յĶܷܷҲԣҪŪװɵӵĶܷܷǾ©ٳ޷ͬŷ

ҲգҲգʵദôʱ䣬Ů˱Ыˣˣ̫Ѿˡ

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Ǻǣԣǰó׺ڶ֮ҹ͸ġܷܷЦŶϷ

㡭ɶŮҪ˵ĽЩԣҲϾǸδĻƻŮһǶһʣͲԾ¶һЩ֮ɫյͨ죬ͬѪҺǺɴ棬˿ľȡ

Ӵӣ㺦𣿡ܷܷǺĿɵγѪĶͷԼµɴ£ӿ϶Ҳͬ͸ķѰ㣬˸ס

㡭硪ĽᣬץסֻмĽȡ

ֻҪ򻹸ǣĽݼҲϲ֮˳뿪

ĽӦ֮˲ݶƮԣǶܷܷȰ

ģû¶ȣͬ˪䲻ˣȴ쬵ıУ̲סһ޶־⡣

ܷܷһԸе˼ѹȸУΪΪʳûҪͷԷֱͦһԼ׳ڨЦ







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ܷܷһԸе˼ѹȸУΪΪʳûҪͷԷֱͦһԼ׳ڨЦ

ĽݹӣСŮӾΪˣ˵Ҳ䡱˵䣬˫ֱź򣬶һԵúǺһüȡ

ǡ

˵˴ܷܷԵЩΪѽס˵Ҫ֪ģ

ʲô˵˵޷ȻĽ׾ʹߴ٣˵ȥ

Ϸ

ɫȸ֮ʱҪԺͰ֣ܷܷеһ˿ϲ

룺ǧ򴩣ƨŲһ䣬ͱĺɫ˲٣Ժ콭ƨ֮ó

һЦڶ棬ĵĽ׵

˭Ҫ˻飬ҪһǴĵײ˵ģȻԵ˵㣬ǳ˵ĺð飬ǰûðҲҰԡ

ĽŶܷܷ䶯Ƭɵˣû뵽һԼŮӣȻô󵨣ܻؽһƤ˶ҽĻ˵ԵãǳЦȻֱоƦåֺ

ǾƲԣԷơػҪթĽǣڴ߹һĨЦЩͷζ

ǺǣĽݹӣллĺ⣬ǵξƲմˣԾҲãҲգֻӲܲ𡣡ܷܷƤض˵˵䡣

ǾͱֱӲ۸СŮӡĽҲǺĻˣû˭ĽݼӣǼҵ̧˵󵨵թǿ̣ŮӲ̡

СԣŮı£˵Ϊ̫ͷ϶

ɱĽݼҲã˵Ҫɱûһë۴С

˵ĺãӮҪܣܷܷɲ뵱ɵվɱ

ɱˣĽݼҲã˵ҪɱݶϱܱߴУϲ˵ĲĿ

һ·Ķܴ󣬺ܿǽͷһ׳۵Ľ־

վס򽻳Ľ׽׷ᣬƽŭҪƶĤ

úȻһ̸ҽ㱻ƣܷܷɲģԸҪթ

㡭ã㲻ģɱ顱Ľױᣬȴһ¸˹ȻӲŵĶܷܷв

˵˹һǰܵĶܷܷȥһƣЩ룬Ǵӱɽѹľ磬ľû뵽ڹ֮

ۿƷ磬ӰΣԼԽԽϾҪ˵

Ҫת䣬Ʒһܣȴûȫ㿪Ʒбݶ

ˣľ裬ԼṦһʱҲûʩչۿҪݶˤ£ĸܽӴ

СġһӴסһڿת£

ʵòɫĳۣīķ˿ȴı飬Ц⡣

ǷɽׯׯĽҲܷܷϤݣ˻գ۶ЦͲûˮ

ԵǧᰡǲǴĺԵأÿΪ֮ʱ֣Һܼʱؽ¡

ǰԷݣһγȥεΪǵһΣԾ鲻㣬СˣʱҲʱ֣£ݣ˹ˣɴҲû£뿪ˡ

ӵûнɴ͵òȴؽò£ӡԶҲǡ

û°ɣһߣڴе˶еʵ

ˣԵЩʧһ̾ȴδƿ











113

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СŮ򽻳ŮŭĽƵʻ

ܷܷĽͬʱԴȥһ࣬һӰ߿ٱܿǰ

ܿ죬Ľݼö˱ǰ

ĽףĽĽȽǶܷܷɨֿۣԵĽơ

òϳǷɽׯĽʱ΢΢˼־⣬ױȭׯĽףͽλｻǡ

ׯǧҪҽǣȾҰɣǶұ壬Ҫɱڡܷܷ򣬿ʵضĽư

ʱӦôĽȴֵû˵ֻǸܷܷŵɫ㣬ճյĽƷ𻨳

ȡĽ׷þĿ£Ľƺε¶Ľ֮飬Ըеһ˿εؿţҪУ޷Բãٶˡ

ȴǲû˿ãûܽѣĽֻ÷ٹװĶֻܷܷҪ㽫򻹸ãǲΪġ

ܷܷӵؽǷյĽݺݵصһۣĽ׻ؾУҺòģô׻㡱

ˣĽƵļʱ֣ͱƷˣôͽ򻹸һҪթӲſϰݡ

ܷܷǸĽݼҳ׸ˣ

˵ĽƣôӲ̨ţ͸ûʲôµˣ

ΣթĽݼңöˣɫԽԽѿĽףܷܷȴ

ô£ĽƶŶʵ

ĽǼģĽҲǲϤҪ˵ĽңڵЩͷģԴȲϷɽׯͷҲ޶˻֮ˡ

Ľ׹Ľ˸ƳվԵĶܷܷжвҲĽƤ⶯֡

ɽׯڽǿ˲֪˲ܸߣֹλӢελׯҲĸߣСϵͬţܻǼֱ档

ׯձҶѡ֮ա˵˴ֽĶֳܷܷۣΣ

룬λҲ֣򡣻˵ҪȢãҪðóףⲻǻŮӸŮӳ׵ĵ

ĽĽ׵һ龭Ծò˼飬ĥζһָеЩΣͺЦ

̧ԼĶܷܷϸơ

һҶϸü֮£鶯Ż˫ʱؽԼעӣԾ㳶ǣһЦӣС죬΢΢չֳһƤĻȣ򵥵ķޣϸ黨棬еʣʱǰŮӣƤŹֵԸ

𣿡ͰЦʵ

Ц۵ףԽӢ˼֣жּ˼֣Цؽעӣ

תͷĿͶĽϣдʵ˵ǣû涨ҲȢѽ˵ѡԼ˭þͼ޸˭Ҳûȷ˵Ůܼ޸Ůӵͨ͹涨

ֻҪȷǸ˶Ӧ֪֮ɣ֪ͣŮ䣬ŮŮ֮

ĳЩӵɡ

⻰ҪȢáһۣЩţϣȻ־֮뷨ˣĿܡ

ǵģҪȢáЦŴĿ϶ʵȢøȤĻЩӣ֮˺̧ܣЩ֮ʡ

Ůǲ޸ġ֪ʱĽӴ˹Ƕܷܷҧгݣ

һڣֽס˲࣬˼











114


̧͵վڸǰĽƣղŵǾ仰̫Ұ󣬰԰ûڲѡ

ׯ㿴²̫𣿡Ľ׶ĽƳҪվ˵乫Ҫ£ܷܷǡ

ܷܷǰЦһۣĽƵĳѲ亮򶨣̸Ц˵ҪҲȢҲУ˵ֻҪһǧ⳥ҵľʧҾʹӦ¡ĺǰҡҡͽ򻹸ǡ

ߣⲻթ𣿡˼ĽڳĽ˵ĿȻɺܳ壬ȴҪ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ûٽСŮˡ

ò˵ΰ桭

һǧСĽҲòȴܸ

ʵĽ׵ҲʮҪ˺ǶܷܷŻƹҲһʱûƺųֵģԼݶҪĽƳ֣ôһȥ˵ģߡ

ΪʲôܷܷµһЩΪĿԣȴҪ⣬ĵ֪ʡ

룬ҽ콫Ӹ㣬һģҪƲ֣ȥ򷢣մȥҪ򷢶ٻأҪǴȥ̫Ľݼҵ񲻱ЦĽԺڽ㣬һǧСĽݼȴ´Ǿܸġ

Ľƽظ˸ĽҲеͬصͷҲĽˡ

һΪļһظ

ܷܷҲЩȴ̲סΪЩϲΪļһеա

ŲΪЩеĶŤػ

˵ǰܷܷࣿԾ̵Щġ

Ůӣ㻹˵Լ࣬Һúõѡ㣬ȴһ֣Ū˸ЦҪǿڷɽׯׯϣͽץȥݺˡĽȻ´ȴȷҪŶˡ

ѽͽ򻹸ãǾȨ֮£ǸᣬԺ滹ѡĽĿƣȭ˵

λȻĽݹӶô˵ˣͽɣĽƻǾôڶܷܷԲôȰҲΪá

ðɣܷܷɿڣ̧ͷԵĽһۣ˵Ҳǿׯķϲžǵġ˵һףĽȥ

лл֮٣ԺпգӭĽͣĽǰŶܷܷȭ˵

ǺǣһһܷܷͻȻ˻ֻ֪еһжѶΪ֮ԻЦҲرĲã

ܷܷʱٲһЦԽƲˣĽ׿һ㱣ˡ

磬ˣĽԶ翴Ƕܷܷյ̬΢Щ͵شߴ

Ľ׻񣬸еЩεӦĬĬͬ뿪ˡ



ǣǽԶֱӰûȺʧĽҲͷܷܷˡ

У㻹ߡܷܷԵؽǼת׼ȥĽɵصͷʵ𣿡

Уһûľ֮أô뿪ܷܷ˵оǹζ

ĽƶЦҡֵˡ䣬ת

УҲǷ˼Ҷ飬ʳѰĲ̤ʵĶұñܷܷģ˵

Ĳˣ˵Ҳûʲôнģֻǵ˸Թ߶ѡĽ赭дػصı

ʲôġ˵ĺ

һãȻȻӵʲôһڣ;⻰ʵǹ޴ȻԼʲô֪

Ľȥˣ

ܷܷΪġԺЦǿЦˣҴݶˤǰҽסģ°









115

Ŷԭ˵°Ϊʲô£Լǵˣ㱻ŵ

ƽһŲ㱻ŵģЦŶ˵㲻ʲôֻ֮Ǿ֮Ͷѣ˵ûҵȣҲ֮ǵģ˲ˤһ£ܵƤ֮ѣ㲻عϡ

β㣬ϴεĶǲòġ

ôУһҪصļᶨ

ĽƼ֣ҲٱƳ٣ֻεʵô

شĻȴŵ

ţѾ߷ҡо仰нˮ¥̨ȵȵѾߣ¥̨Ȼ¡

ҿӲҪ˷̣ҲϰҪ˷̡صתȴ滰

Ǻˣ֪ǿϲ

ǺǣӣֻҪҵѾߣ֪˷̵ĺôҲϰߵġʱҲһ

ôһֱ˵ĸоپܾĺ⣬һʱȻ֪ôؾˣ⡭

ˣӣѽǵģǿ߰ɣĥʱ䣬¡ܷܷɣû壬ǰקĸ첲ʹ󷽵ǰߡ

ĽεҡҡͷȻ·Ŀ⣬˳Ŀ⿴£ŷֶܷܷȦĸ첲УǫǫӵδŮܹ

˲Ǻ˿ԵЩ˼صˣְɣҵѾ߱ǡ

ǹգŷǵѾ߲ɵˡ

֮ǰҪŮӳ׵£ѾŮӵĹ벻ͬȴû뵽˵Ĺִ

û뵽ˣˣԼ֪Ǹǻ

ҲãҲգô˵Ҳֻһʮ߰СѾͷѣӦòʲôɣ

˵˵֪֪ͼԲֻԼӸǹŹֵϰԣһλùˡ

ǺǡܷܷڨЦɿֱۣվסһƣеǰ棬롱ѾߵǱʣ֪ǰ档

׷ļƻ˵һ¥̨

ĽЩϰߵɨһۣЦ˵ԺԲˣ˭ǰ涼ԣؾЩСڡ

ǿɲУˣѾߣȻǰ棬ҽںȽ׵ܻ˹ء

ǰɶ꣬ں棬ײҲи

Ľû뵽һ棬֪ҪȫЦЦУĬĬǰ档

̧ܷܷ죬־Ȼѵʮ֣ʱǣб䣬Ⱦʣû뵽ʱ֮죬̾һȥ

һᣬеЩˣ̽ʵӣҪȥʲôط

ܷܷϣĻشǣջ¥֮ġ

ûشľǲŵɢġ

˲ɫЩҰףôҪȥﰡҲ΢΢ЩòӳɲȥǸĵط

ĽƸоͷɫҰףɻôˣȥ𣿡ΪƽϰնԻ׹ݵһηﷴӦ

£ôܣ

ܷܷɻû¹ʲôأֻȥѣֲȥʲôµġ

˭˵ˣɫ˲ת䣬ɷŵĲҰ׾ŻΪϲЦտ䵽ǰЦʵ𣿡

Ǻǣ¾ͺã˵ү˺ܺãûʲôӵģǡ˵˴뵽ʲôƵģϸ˿ԵһۣѾͷͦˮġ

ˮ֮ʱʣĨС𪣬Ⱦż޵ĽΣӣСˮۣϼӳ£˵Ĺ˺ǰȥһ׷ĳ嶯

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͡ǣүϲŵĺÿĹ𻰣Լעǡ

ǣڰʾǸÿĹ￩




116

ܷܷĺѣһϲشģһעģллӵ㡣

˵գͻȻ˵һǰ棬ȻƽЦؿҷֹӶã˸Ŷңңˣ˵꣬㵸ܵǰ棬ǷҪǰļһɶ

ĽƱͻȻһˣҪЩʱȴû뵽ͻȻܿˣǻӰϦ˸һ˼С飬ôĻɰ

޷ĥ͸Źֵ˼άʽȴ̲סĿ֣ǣȾһ

ﴽһЦȻиѾƺͻȻЩڴԺˡ

˵Ц䣬һᣬǱĴſڡ

̧ܷܷϸⶰûʵĸۡס˲ʱ䣬Ϊҹ̽ƵĹϵȴϤһһľ

ȥǺǽߣʯʨţȴĴͬ

Ȼһ˷ǵĸ̾

ǳɵȴԺյɵɵҲӵ𾴵ĸ߹ݡ

װɵŹ֣ȴݱ˱˵Ѿߡ

ȴڣ޾ġѾֻΪ˽ӽĽƵһԣûȻɵġ


ͻȻЩпҲȥǺԵӣү𣿡ŵǽ֮ǰƲ˾䡣

ʵӦ뵽ģϴҹ䣬ʱֻһʱĸͷʱɫүѵһ׮¡

ǵģõģڣôġͻȻ䣬Ϊڵĺ£ֳ̧һ£ջļ磬ضοʵүĺܲ㲻˵ġ

ǣ𣿡صЩᣬ㱣˼翡

һ·ϤԺ䣬ϤĻݣϴǰӹȻ˼ǧпǧ

ʵϸ룬ɫүҲ̫ãɫ˵㣬ϲҲֻʱҲڷ޼ȻĽӴ

ҪǻǺĵĶ˵УᣬĻϲҪóҫأ

ͼϲضű˴˵ү쵽ԼôôģֱԷĺڳŻȻװȵشסĵһЦ

֮ǰãᣬȫԼװĲûķ϶ѡ

ȻᣬеˣʵҲûôᣬҲ˲١

ʲôĽڽʱȻסŲͷʵ

ܷܷĲɣײ˸ϣȴʱסֹͶͱ

üͷеʵû°ɣ

ܷܷڻһЦɵصû£ҽФңԽңңġ

ФңüĿľ׽֣üһЦֲܺ˵գת̤Ļȥŷ֣ûаӰ

ܷܷ֪ʱӦûڷȴû˵ͬһװΣͲ⡣

һСѾߴ⾭ĽƱǰסѯһ֪ڷ÷ѾҲϵĽƵģ˵Դǹȥ

Ƴһֱվ˵ĶܷܷʱƵģŵ۴еܿˡ

ôˣĽͻȻߵѾߣȻץźףͷԣѾ߸ͻȻͷˣųô𣿡

ӣҪȥү𣿡ܷܷļãȻ飬ԺЦȻѾΪλķӦ֪ȻЩˣ˾С

ڽ֮ǰ˻׼Ҳûʲôʣúܺ棬ЩڴǶľű顣









117

ңңŵĺܿ𣿡ڽ֮ǰ

ǿЦ⣬ɫػصôأŵôÿˣ

ǺǡĽĻش𣬺õһЦã̧ṳ̋˷

ĽƣôڲŵڤǶŵλãĽǰŷ̤ۼƼˣ꣬æк

·ϱһС¸ˡĽ赭дر߽ͣǱȥܷܷҲѾģĸ

һ̺ѾڼĽƽһ̣ùһײ;߰ڤĿλϡ

ڤڵ׼Ľ۽ǵȴɨĳˣ˲佫סɴ۾Щţ鼤ػܷܷ

̫˵һʱˮްӿزϲ.

ԼǷΣ޷ߴƿգʧôֱֱأһ˲Ķ˵Ĵڣֻʣա

žͷԷĽлȥҲͬȵЩţСĶеꡣ

ȡ˱ȵˮǺĿԡ

̺Ѿ߾Ŀɿڴ˼С

ѽﱻŵ̲סվ󣬱ӣ㵽档

йĽƽסĻĴʵ

ܷܷĬǳЦȻ˵ķӦĽ

ܷܷȷٻһûϤģаĲЦݻӦı㿪ʼЩˡ

ܷܷǴӿͲߴƿڤͷǳǳһЦȻȴԵ裬֮Ի󣬡ڽ˭

ǹڡ˲شĽƵʻ˵ס۾¿վĽ󣬺ͶܷܷŵһĹꡣ

ĽͷϵȴǶܷܷǳЦȻʲôЦѵɩӣں˵ʲôѽңңҵѾߣˣǹ

˵ңңڤһлָ˹ü侲ʵȴδƿֻ֣ǴӷŵתΪ´

ŵĴţ͸һƮݣ򵥵ķޣżƤǳЦݣ鶯Уǧ֮֮⣬ֳӲʶС

Ǿ٣ܷܷôƣһޣñһģ̳㣬ѵ֮ˣǻɡ

ѽҲҵѾߡĽ˵űԡ

Ŷԭͬһӵվ

Ѿߣˣ˵ÿ۵ֱۣЩصĽһۣĪ˫ڱʯ۾Եú޹ԩ

û˵ʲôֲ֪ǶĻ׳棬ǵ˼˵ѾߣŵĻͦÿͦˮģЩªĹϱߡ

극˵ɣڤҲˣζȣȴЩʳ֪ζʱ۽ǵ̽վһԵĶܷܷĿԽԽ

Ѿ߼ҶǾĽƵһͺҲ˿ţŵһģǻʱȥ֮ˡ

аˣ׹ɵôȫһģ̳ǲϴѰ

ζǰȴǲ֪ϧǶܷܷǰ󱳣ȴֻǸɵۣǳԣĽزʿˮ

̵ģѾߵĲ£治˸ɵģеţվţسţȴֻܰؿţʿˮ

̧£̺ԣĿбӵѾ߼ҶǣԼͬʱҲΪǰһͬᡣ

ֻͬվţ׵۵ķ֡ң

ʱһ˵ʹΣԭѾҲôõġ







118

üǳԵĻĽƣʼûڣԼôôѾߣõ⣬ǺԼˡ

һ˳ԵڤĿʼնδܷܷƿһɴȻϮͷԵĻĽ˵ׯѾ߳Ŀˮ飬һϲɣз̣Ҳ̽

ȡȡĽʻСıҭʹص۾ԸͣһԵĶܷܷ˱ȥû°ɣԡ˵ḧʵı˳

Ľƽӹˮ˺һڲԾ˳ЩмЦŶܷܷлǺǣлл

Ѿߣ̷ū澵ְ𣬹ӣ˵лôشĽ仰ȴڳÿһλķҲҪЧ

֪һò֮ˣҿ϶²⣬仰ڰʾǣФң㳤񣬵ȴɵΪ֪ʣ˵һˡ

̧ٴɵӶܷܷΪƣһ˫Ļɵûеģϸ½һԽƣԽȽϣԽǾò

ΪɵӣֻɵЦɵ֣ǰȻҲЦЦǳԶС

ǵĺܣȻὫΪɵӵĹˣò⣬ʣʹûһģӰԼԼ

аԷһ˵˲Ц⣬ׯѾ߲ģĺãĳǸѾͷİи

ĽĻͷվĶܷܷһۣתͷЦǺǵشǺǣɩܻ飬ǿĳģڸͳЩԶˡ

ǵһԻվԱߵĶܷܷ治ɫǳЦȻĬӦţȴϲΪԭװɵӷֿˣΪĽͬ˵Ļˡ

ֻڤȴʼղ̽۹ʱĴһһȴԵ٣ڳԷ£ЩĲɡ

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һʱ䲻˷·Ҳûʲô仯ĶˣϲԴס

ٿڤɻô׿Խ绪ĲˣԱУԿԵúܲƣЩ⡣

żʧ˲䣬ǿ˫ϣһ˿ˣ֪Ϊ˭

Ϊȥ治ȥ²⣬Ӧûûôصķɣ

ĽƣѾߵĵӻͦġڤȻһ̧סע̽𱡴аһЦֻصǸү̬

Ц⣬öܷܷĿһ£Ļңͷӣ￴Щʲô

˵ңңĽתЦ뵽֮ǰҪĽ׵óף̽סЦĳ嶯ȷʵܴ󵨣һס

˵գ΢ﴽǣһĨЦʵͬ紵ĻƯ峺ĺ棬ĿҲۣܷܷЩ˻գֱֱĿ˼

ڤŶüȥЦŶԷﾹЩζȻȷǹװɵĶֱܷܷȴȷظվǰңңŮӺпܾĶܷܷ

װɵĶܷܷĻôòһ䣬ĺܴ

ȫ˶֪ɵӵݺȻѿǣһݻָԵվǰǻɣҲϣΪû˻˵ʵȫµ˶֤ˣ˭һɵʮˣڶ̶ռͱĴ

ԾĶܷܷĿŵվǰҲ޷Ҳκβ

ٷĽ⣬˶Եأʳ֪ζ













119

Ľƺ֪ܷܷܶʵ㣬Եĺܿ죬һ극öܷܷȥ÷ˡ

ܷܷǰ΢΢жسһЦķ׷ɣҫۣⷹ˲˿ȥıӰΪЦݸеѣĿЩ㡣

ܷܷѾߵĴ£һ·Сŵ÷ĵط̻ʵس뷹Ȼֻ˰̲ˣȻԵĺ㡣

극ش˸ãһֻĸоԱĸоð

ܷܷ극ʱҲæµһ죬Ϣʱˣ꣬ȥĽƣѾȴ֪ͨ˵үׯҪҪ̸û¾Щޣ̺ˡ

ҹĻʹƳϣңˬӭȴ΢Щ⣬ܷܷһ·ѾĻš

ңңŶܷܷǰѾǵķȥѾߣСĵʵ

ǵģʲô𣿡ãȻĻʵ֪˵Щʲô˭˭֮Ļ

ȻѾ߾Ϳ˵ˣûʲôԣ㳤رһˡ

̧ܷܷбһۣѾͷĻ㣬ڷ羹ȻͦģֻǼԵ˵Ҳ˵˭ǲҪһ£֪ʵ˭أ

˭Ǳ߻˼ҪҪʣȴʳ

ǹѾ߻ͷԵĶܷܷһۣԵúصطСֹǸɵӣ㲻ǣϸĿҲ̫

Ǻǣ𣿡װˣ˵ҺܴѾߣ۹⡣

ѾֲĿһۣĵûôƳŻôɵǡѾߺܲῴɫŶܷܷ˵ʵ

ܷܷɫ΢΢һȴҲǺ𣿡ܿƳġ

ȻǹǸɵӣүǺܳ谮ģܱүϲҵɵӣҲϲ˰Ѿ΢΢̾˿ּĽǹɵζ

ܷܷЩδ»ӣֻʧЦ谮ܵĲ࣬Ƕȴ˲٣г谮Ըǳ谮תƸˡ

ȻүܷˣүȴģܱүҲԸѾ߾Ȼ߶һԽԽա

ܷܷ㲻ûиоаһû뵽ΪģСС˿θУô֪үΪģЩ̫š

ô֪ȫѾǣǸүҹžƺԺ¹ڣȥȾƣÿضǺȵ̶ֲ嶫˼طϢġѾ߻һ򿪾ЩûûˣҲôˡ

˴ܷܷôûûΣҲ޶ˣ΢΢һһЩݣȴЩ.

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ڲʲôôӻǣѾ˵˵ĻصһۣͼӿŲߵǰ棬ˡ

ý㣬ͲҪˣֻǲ˽ʣ˵˵ѡܷܷ첽׷ȥѾСġ

Ѿ߼Լ˵Ҳôˣ΢΢һֻ̾޷ôõүأԸүԣܹЩ

ǺǡġܷܷĴоԼڲС˺ĳЩˣڤĳޱȳ谮Լϵǲǻأ

뵽۰ԼϵΪԼȥģ͵һ£ͱЩ䣬³

Ҹ˵Ѿȴûо㣬˵û꣬һֱȫʱСС£˵˸飬ҲǶܷܷǷԸ








120

Ҹ˵Ѿȴûо㣬˵û꣬һֱȫʱСС£˵˸飬ҲǶܷܷǷԸ

ֻżͷظԼһĨЦʲô飬Ц˵ȥĶҲǰߣ߶

˵䣬˺ܿѾס޵ķᡣ

һ̫ķ䣬ȴסѾߣǽڶѻˣŵʯζЩǺǣ̺Ӳһ̣ͨ˴˵û˽ؼ˯һ飬ҲʵģԼŵõһùζ

ȻѾǵסܲǴƺʲôԹԣæϴؾˡ

ʱȣܷܷȻܴ󣬵Ҳܡ

򵥵ϴѵЬ࣬һ̵굽˱ЪϢˣ˯մϴ̱ܿ˯ȥ

ܷܷװˣ֪桱Ҳ֪˯˶ãȻĳ˷ƵĽкͬ˯еѾǴ඼ѣֻжܷܷ⡣

һҡˣǸǰ߶ԹѾߣιѣү˵Ҫ㡱ҡţСѵ

ܷܷ˯һŭ𣬷˯ŵѾһЩ޳û뵽ֻǸһͬΪѾߵˣȻôƢ

ܷܷһ֮ڳȻҾԺӣ˼Ժв

ɣȥүɣҪȻ˭˯ˡѾ߼

ܷܷķط˸˯ߵеʮջ𣬳ߣү̱˯˰˵ַ꣬˯ȥ

㲻Ҫ˯ˣɣүǰģֻ̫ˣԲšСѾ߼ڤš

ܷܷ˽ͣ΢΢һǷθбȻϮͷĳЩɿڵˣˣˣȥүʲô£˯ȥ˰ɣ˵ЩЩʼδ۾

ðɣȥүػȥ䣬СѾ߱ͷѾһ˷ᣬ׼ȥȰƷڤȥϢֻǶܷܷһڷ˯ĺ̤ʵΪκš

һỹ㣬ķᣬѾߵ뿪˲㰲࣬ڶܷܷ˵⣬Ҵǣֳܿ˯ȥ

һᣬ˯ƺеһѬˣǺǵζֱڱǣܲ

ôôǺˡ˯ʶģСֹ˾䣬šü㷭˸ӿǻתȥȻѲϮӰΰΧΧκδϢĻᣬֱǻꡣ

ȿȡʵ̫̲סȴԸ̡̣̻̾ͻɢȥġȰţǿ̲ʼ˯

һӺ󡪡

ȿȡˣ֪ӺδƮԽƮԽ࣬ҲԽԽŨ˯״򲻶ҲѬܲ˵۾ȥﾹȻɾˣϮӣ䣬϶Ҳ¡

ˡ˾Ȼ𰡣ô֪Ҳ֪ˣ˵Ҳ޷ܵһЬδ˵ôŶ

һŽѾ⣬ȴײһǽһůĻ

űײıӣ뱧Թ

ڿϳˡϣǶǽȴ˵ˣϤͳԴɳƵܸջ

̧ضһ˫ȴЦӣЩջ𣬡ʲô˼˵䣬ΧɨȥѾ߼Ҷ֪ʱڴվһƬ׳ۡ

ʪɣð̵ĲĻ𣬲֪ʱѱ˽Ϩֻ༸ϸСֱûѬǺǵζ

ѽżϷʣɵش¶ϤᣬȴҪġ

ۣӲĳȵвȻŻԼûصһۣҪĻ







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Բ𣬱ûʱ衱䣬ȥȦסԼֱۣȴκβȻûᶯ

вҲΪ㡱˳һ㽫ĸ׽ͷɢķ˿䡣

ǹϤܰζʱ׶ˣ룬ģȴůůģܷܷȻû

Ϊ仰΢΢һոӲĳ˲ļ󣬽ؾŵŨҵľζеθжʱּ˼֡

ԭѾ˵ȫʵҲƲҲ᲻ҪʱִЩˣֻվŵѾ߼Ҷȵ

ι˻ЩվԱߣ˺ݺݵ̧ۣ˼ˡ

Ը㣬㣬㣬үȥϢ⸱˻ܡ

Ѿ߼ҶĽкȴΪѵؿ

ܷܷоڤڰ͵ЦΪںܲЩԹյ㻹Цңҵ׿ɾȫˣԺôˡ

ǶȥϢɣڤķ̧ͷ̧һӱ㽫ǲɢȥ

ܿЩ˱ʧҹĻ£׷׻ݼܹȥˡ

ιǱѽ콫ǵүͻȥѽܷܷȥıӰĵشšûһ˿Ļ¡

ֻǸԹѾߣһǣร֮Ҳ˰Ҵȥ

ιǻûͬİһŪߡܷܷŭƵĽžҹԵøȴûһǸ裬ˣνȦڻˣҲûκˡ

ˣǲĻġȻһѽӻ̧´ǹŽѾģǰ͸Ľָͷ͵ĲƺԵøĿƤ

˳ߣ¿ĽָͷһĨ֮⣬ȻϮͷЩ߳ŭιʲôɫߣſңȻһҪÿʹЬĴţźݵв

ٲɵˣռ˱˻ܿ

ɫߣʲôʱ򣬶ռˡ

ôˣ˱ǡȵûо۰㣬һѽЦض˵

ĺȾ𣿡ɣ˼·ôô̧۵ףԾŨŨĻ룬˫ҲżĨ˵ĺΡ

Ҫš˵䣬㽫սſ죬˿

˲ŨصľζǶˣ̲סűӣӶر۽ǵбſңɫߡȽţŤŴš

𱡴аȵһЦ˸һĨĥ͸٣ʵȷ

ϻѵȷô浱ǰ׳ѽУš

Ҫģˤ˿ɱҡ䣬ԸؽˣֻǶȴЩˡ

һ̡

ֱ˵ϣĸ˸ܽӴ

㡭౻ˤ۵Сƨƨյָ̧ǹĶԲԡ

ɶɫߣѹֱ˵ԵʴȾǶԼ̣仰ȻûⲻͲĳͱˤϡ

ū죬գˮĴ۾Եú޹˵ҷµġ

ȴȥЦ⣬ĺǸװɵǰǴ̵ϲ鲻Խر

׳հǽ£ֲǽˤҡԼôôҰɵӵʱ򣬱۸ˣڲװɵҲԶ˵ĸо

˭з㲻˵ġбһۣȫƵϣȻָܺĵĽҪǴһΣ˵㣬ұ˼ˣԲٳ˵Ҫſ˫ۣҪȥ











122

˹ĶܷܷԹһؿǻϵڶεֱۻû·֮ʣʮ⡣

ˣȥ˯ɣҲҪȥ˯ˡ˵գתǽŲȴЩɣΪ֪Լõȥ˯ȥŵѾ߷±ٴξȥĽưɣֲ֪ס

ü룬ȻȻһЦɫһ֪סˡ

ܷܷҪתȴŨĺ·ָᣬϣ̲סһתĶ˶١

֪ܷܷôװҲϵóٶȴЩζ

ܷܷǿ򶨣ƲתϹһĨãЦ⣬Ҳ֪ʲôװҲ֪˭ܷܷҲлǸֻܷܷһ⣬֪ԸԸش𣿡

һ˵꣬Ļ¸ҵӭᣬ̽

ԵģҪԣЩ»رܵĶˣ˻ɣ²⣬ƻôȷǰԼɵ

˵֪ˣҲû֤ݣ֤ɵӣΪ˭ƾһ仰ţһɵʮˣڶ̶վͱĴǲܵ£췽ҹ̷޷ŷ֪κβ

Ƹܶ˼㣬ʳڣֱӻشҪ֪Ĵ𰸡

һ˲ָֻЦ⣬ǳЦȻɻǰ㽿οɰˣȴϤǸˣлллתȥ

һ֤ҵܷܷҵɵܲġ

һβľ룬شĶУֻǽŲ˶٣ȴûͣ¡

΢ǣЦЩ⣬ȻҪңǾˣ˵ʲôٻȥɵˡ

ҲֻһʱͷԷȶѣֻҪµ˳֣ܿὫǣ˵һ̫ǲںŮˣоĳ

һȻ˻ԼȻҪװôӦþͲ֪ĽסƸĸطֻǻɣ²⣬ûܽҴԼǰԲ¶

ǸԴȥƸ𣿡תȥʱ£ȻվѾ߷ƬеĲݵ֮ϡ

һϮ£Ʈ裬Ʈݵ߹ӣ²κ˰ɣ

Ǹ̫Ҳһʱĳԣ˵òĲõģĹ̫ô޸أ

˵ҲֻǱǶҪôһѣֻŻô⡣

˼ǧ²ȴٶۣһ

һԼڤ·ϵۻ㣬ЦЩ⣬ܷܷڻˡδ䣬ǺЦֱֱȥ

ιǰɣôôùۻأôɵľˣһ׼ȷؽѹקȲš

ιҪװˡ˯һţȴκζ

찡ذΪʲôôùأ

˯ĳĳˣеɥˣ˯˯𣿸ҪץȲţǿɶ˯۸ô˵ùңǱ۸أ

ſ۾죬ڵĻϣǵ׺˸˸˿Ļ㱣һܷܷЩ۾ˡ

У˯ҡҡͷǿűһ˿ѣүˣҪˣ

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һ˵ôһ仰ˣѾߣƺĻĵЩͿˣﲻ֪ô֣ô

ȿȡòѣѾߣץɢͷ֪ôգãһ˲˲ĶҲ˵

ô㶵ѾأȣǿɾǲԶˣԶʮǧﶼֹ

ʣ㶮˵Ļ𣿡εʣȻɵ㶵գ۾ǲж

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ҿѾߣʱˣѹֻô㶣ԭǸɵѾͷ浹ùΪʲôĺ¶أ

ףʲôһڤѾɻʵ

ү˫ЬӸ𣿡һѾҲɻؽӵ

ûĶܷܷһǵȥڤһ˫ף廨ЬϵãԼһʱ鼱ûüЬ


ӦѾ߷ŶԣôأĪǣͲµԼۻ·˳ԼȻýЬӻԼ

²⵽ˣоͽסһɲ֪ĸжʪ۾

Ь𣿡ѾߣЭؽڤӵϷһѾߣŻڵϷ㶣ȴŽѾӵĶܷܷѯʵ

΢΢ЩѱѾ˫ЬӣĪĸж𺳣ûҪôõģǰֻǸɵӶѡ

ǲģѾʡ

ǡҵġվӹЬӱ㴩˽ϡ

׼ЩѾǣƸڤ˵ˣ૵ؽеܷܷ㲻Ҫߣҡ

ܷܷ˽ţٿۣմϵЬӣǹĪжδˣȴİԼ£ĵ㽫ĳٶѾһڤͻ˷

ķ仹ϤǸӣɴĻصƮ裬λá




123

Ѿǽϣٺ˱㶼ֱ뿪ˣܷܷҲѾһ뿪ĳȴקסȹ֣λҪָ

ǿǿ׳ˣû뵽ָôоôҲ

ûãȻָεקסԼȹָǲҪ̧֣ɨ˯ݣ˯ô񾲣꣬һʱֲˡ

ŨܵĽëḲֻʱչĺͦ絶޵ıԸеıϣֳһ˵Ļȡ

ɫļӳ˲ĸԾĻ֣ƽԶ˿Ļ㱣ƲС

˯ˣ޷ڸȻ˵ʣɢīķ˿˫͵ģ˺һҪ͵Ϯĳ嶯

ˮ

ܷܷЩĵһڣһָͷᵯһ£ܽſԼûѣץסֻС֡

ιſңЩջţŭš

ɫߵĺǹ̽װ˯׽Ū

ܷܷ֧ɣ

Ȼ䣬֪ǱŭˣһֱǹװƵģɵ΢΢ſһ϶ضԶܷܷҪţ˵仰ֽ۾ˡ

͵͵ģԴɳƵɤħ㣬жܷܷͣĿ֣Ҿͳ

һ̡

ڵõɣһϲɿתҪȥǰţֱ˻Ϊקȹ

أΨһһˣôˣɾû·ˣѵҪŶϽٴ󵨵Ҳ߳ĵĺòá

ܷܷ˯š

ĵͳɳƵƮĶյתǱ۾ģûѹļ

ɫߣڼװɲˣĥͷ׼קסԼȹֱֻۣݺݵҧȥ˭֪˵һͷһĻסҧĶ

ܷܷҺ㣬֪𡭡

Ļﾹкܶ޷˵ΰ㣬ֻܽ⣬ΰѼ˵˸ĻﰵԽһ鱣ᡣ

ܷܷǿѹǹɱɬУɤӣǿӲػص˯ţˣֲܷܷϴˣ֡

ҲţҪ㳪˯ˣҾͷšˣִ˵ģĻﻹŨıƺɡ

ι㵽׷ŲţҾҪҧ˰˵䣬ֽ촽ֱ۱ƽ˼.

¶ļϣȻʱʱظ˵Ͳţľ͸оЩʲô

ҧңҲţҪ㳪裬㳪˵껰ʱط˸˸ƣ˯һֱ۾ֻֻǽȹק

̵ģҧ㣬ܷܷˣһŭֱۺݺҧȥ



ֻƺһһȴδ֣Ҿɶع˱۾ڴߵһĨЦ⣬´磬һˮǳǳأ˳

̧ͷһӡԾ֮źѪ˿.

üɻѵ֪۵Ϊʲô֣

ҪҧҧǾͳɣȻȰ㣬.

һһһʱ֪˵ЩʲôЩʲôˣֻߣʼģʶʼ㱡

ΪҪ˼֣˹ִأǺαأΣҲٻصߣɵġ

ԸкܶŮ˰˵ҫۣȴ⣬ҪǸˣԲٻصߵġ

ܷܷĺ㣬㡭












124

ܷܷĺ㣬㡭

૵ƺڱĻһ㣬ߡ

ѽ

ǲ̫ȴȻشӿʣĶϣذɫĻλõķ

һõЦ˫ʢĵףϪۣͷʣеļ䣬פ

ҹﶼιۣҧһڵǵʹֵʲôأ㱻ҧƤҲĸԸԸܣֵֻá

֪ʱԭоصķҲãҲգټģظԼ֡

ЦݣҪϧãҪػһУҪӵСҲ



ĸڼߵЦת磬קסȹ֣ôɿֺ

ΣֻüҲú룬ҲԼĸ߰㣬ƤԽԽأֻҲŲбſأҲ˯ȥ

ҹһڻΡ

УƮ㣬ŨĻУԼԼЩµıζϲ

Ʈɢ컨꣬ӹգʱкͷϷ裬ʱϷͷʱͣǼ⣬żĴꡣ

Ǹоģģģ˺ǾҲǺǣ΢΢

Цرǣ

գ峿

ȥҶ裬֦ͷ˫ԣвͣ



ƺаܣЩ飬ڰĲŪ

֧ѽűƿһӰڤķ䡣



˻˵һ룬ȻĻסˣڤĺѣĽơ

ֻһÿĻ棬ڱ˯ĺ𣬶ţе޸о㣬˯һδ

ǷүѱڻҲûʲôϣ棬ǻеˣĽղյѾߣФң

ôһ£Ľˣ˯ĶˣЩɻ󲻽⣬иζӣ˵ǸʲôζȴǾԵġ

ңң㡭ô˯

һҪʵˣȻڤֶܷܷФң֪Ϊʲôʣ⻰Ȼؾͳڶ

˭ѽľֹ

ģȴФң˯죬۾Թڤ

һۣĪЩգôͶѾߡ

ڤһˡ̧֣Ծؿ׼ȥѻڼ˯Фң

ңңļͷе

ȴȶȣһּ˯ԱĽưԽһ֪Ƿ÷

ǲѵġ

ڤܺõЦһۣ˲ֽת˯ĳ˵ӡ

۵գȾһĨ˯ĺΣӣС΢΢ţֳһƤĻȣ·ʲôΣЦ

ڴӴֽͶĨϸ£ԵúǽΣһ׷ˮ

ջỽܷܷˡ˵䣬˸ط

ĽƵ棬󵨶˵Ĵ̰ݵȡãһֱ۵ĵס

ǣܷܷɰóԣǲ׷ֵġ

ιڸʲôϹԶ㣬ȻҲ꣬㶯֣ˣ

˵䣬ĽƻƣҪռң˵ڤȥ












125

ŭСټڤǳû͵ǣô̰˯ôĶܷܷҲŪˡ

ģ̧࡭

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Щ¼ȥ䣬ÿЦĳʱЩĵĻͲԾԺӿ֣˵շİ㣬޷ԣֻ̫ʻ





132

һŮѡٴöҵԣ»ʤõһ׷ΪֵһŮ

Ҫ˵ѡǿɱĻ¥ѡѣΪЩŮҪҪճȺʫʸ踳ҲҪõó֣ҪȫţǲܱΪֵһ˵ĳƺš

ܿ죬ܷܷ֪ѡȻǷɽׯᳫⳡ췽֮һ

ʵڶܷܷȥڶգͽˡ

Ů˵ĵڶգĽȴû뿪

ʱ䣬ܷܷѾ̺Ľԣ˳Էɵۡ

ڤ֣˷·صģȴһֱţҲǲ㡣

ˡⲻֵˣܷܷȻ治ɫŲʣȴЩ벻̵ģϾҲΪܵˡ

ģٶʴȣԼʼղʯͷģӲҲи޶ȡ

ǱţװûҪжȴ˭죬ӵˣϾ͸˫ӣڵصݵǰ

ϵĵЩȻжȴһС

ڤһϲѣϲ磬תǿ˫ϣõЦ⣬ȴȥĿӣתߣŶĽƣҪ

Ľƣ㿴ͦģҲûģ˷̣Ѿͦ飬ɷѾ߽죿

ܷܷû뵽ֻ˫ӣҪô࣬ǸɫͿȾļһ֪Ϊ

̧ݺݵصһۣصط¿ӣ׼ۻĽ

ĽȴʹӦҪ

԰˵ۻңңֲ㣬ί죬չһɣ

ô˵ҲΪ˵ģңңȥչģҲֻ˳ˮ飬ȴ˿

һǶѣһ½ȴرѾߣʱֳʲôìܣ治֪ðǱߡ

ӡܷܷЩԸСš

ȥɣӦҪչΪ˵ģֲǲ֪Ľôֱۣ£Ƕܷܷ²̨Ҳв

ǹأץסһݣϣת

ûˣģͰĵȥչ˺ˣߡĽƵĻṆ̀ȻҪչ˵Ȭ

Ҫſɶ೤ʱ䰡ôתתȥѲƿء

ǡȻǧ㲻Ը㲻ģĽƵĻӦ죬̵ڤԲȥ

˹ڤŵһģҲڷֿ˻

ңңʢһɡһܲؾͷԸˡ

ܷܷһۣǷϣɴŵ֣ҲСС˿ΣĬķԸֽΪʢһǰҪ˵ȥ

ңң㿴ֲ㣬ûȣιҰɣڤ·ϰΪ˳ڵطԸ

ܷܷ࣬΢΢һͣ˺ĽŲЩŵص

ɫߣҪҪ˵ȥι¶ˣء

үó檴Ͱɣ

һԵ˺ĵڤѵõһϬ񣬵ɵĬͷԷˡ

Ϊʧߣ˿Цüһĵ׷һ˿Ц

Ǳ⻹үǹҪѾͷǶ˼£Ҳѹ֣˭ôǸȥɵء

ңңôǸ𣿿ѽҶӿˡǿΪѣҲĲԸأĽشߴš

̵ģܺȱͳԷҪι

ܷܷյصһֽۣɨһۣĽƾ΢Цųͷ¶Ҫ˼



ΪʲôҶϲүأҵĺʹ






133

ܷܷһɬȴҲ÷㲻Ըضһӣιߡ

ڤ˵ԣֱֱĿɰӣ֪ΪΣӣҲÿɰÿϲƣԸ߿ߣһֱϣȴûע⵽ðŲ̵ġ

ĲɵЦŴսһںȥ

һ̡

ˣһֽˮ˳Сģһ

ܷܷɵ㶵ʧȥɫͨ죬ѪӿץĽģ뽫ֱӿȥ

ңңԲҲǹģûɣ˲ʹ˵ϲȥɾգԵ޹Ǹ

ܷܷǸεı飬ԼãĪĶ˵ЩǸĻеʮֵϤ

šüϸػһȻЩﾹԼװɵʱ󣬼ǸõĴʻ㡣

ٻףʱᣬ뽫ϵĳ嶯ǿǣһ˿Цеصû¡

ǾͺáһƵģ˻ȥ

ܷܷȴƵķ˵֣ɴȻȫ࣬սʪһйĶķòȥơ

֡룬׽סҪ쿴ȫʪˣҪ»ɴɣ

ڤץסֻ֣һֱʼĵףмѣԭǻġ

ãҰɣ̧֣ٵǰЦŻĻһӻصǸΣүģ

̧ܷܷĽƣֻͷԷǣãūȥҩЩɬɬģҲȻ˵վҪתȥ

Ҹһȥڤ׷קסĺͯҪ

ףٿԷĽƣû̧ͷܷܷһץ֣Цݾţʹػصã˭֪ʵǲʹġ

ǲõһЦڤǰһ㱣΢΢һ㶣ҲõЦԵ÷ޣȻѣܷܷȴδô࿴ֻĬĬֱߡ

̧ͷſڣȻʧӰĽе˿˲ֻȻʧ

һ̾ϣĺڤܿġ

ҹĻֱֱ£һڲһ֣ȵĹƳϣĹ͸ĵֽ͸µһСƬء

զ𣬽ƴҡڲҲİڶҡҡȥεķ

ߵ;ڤȴԸһѾͷȥȡҩ䣬ͶܷܷתȺ

һᣬѾ߾ͽҩ˹ܷܷתȥ

ܷܷСĵΪɴһĿӣƴֱֱĻƤⷭԼɼͷ

ܷܷЩëëģüͷСĵҩʵ𣿡Ǵδй쳣ᡣ

ڤĵװһ󼤵ȴЦͻ֣ƵĵۣңңҪҸ

ܷܷǺͯƵ飬ˣĻʧЦбһۣģһˣôۣǽ

ô˵ţҩĶȴë䣬Ҳϸġ

ʲôѵͲˣҲѪ֮òãֲľͷģûо

ͬرרעӰ㣬ȶŨ˳ĽëЩ㱣ĳҪԶԼöá

ȻظƵģ֪װµ˭ӰֻʱʱǸˣ͸¶һС

ˡ󽫺ϣ󹦸ɵȻ̧ͷ䣬Ȼضһ˫̶ӣŵؽ£áˣүȥԷɣ

ңңܷܷҶϲʵĻͷƮ£ӵĻţĬ죬һ̾Ļصǳȥɣ











134

ˣ÷ȥҰŰɣصƽ˴ϣۼ£

ܷܷ£Ϊϣ֮ĬĬ߳˷䡣

ֶܿϲĲһβԸ׷ˣһڣһĵιʳ

˲䣬֮ǰգЩܰ

Щʹķ֣ȫĵͶ룬ѵõůķ

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ԼǰթĵܻǶ˿εġ

ЩҪ˵֮Ĺϵһ¡

ùһŵӣǰֱֱ¸ҵɫĵϣϣҼ㣿

ȡһЩԼĿˮǺҲػʵϣϣҼϲ㣿˵꣬ɵضߵһЦеĴ

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Ҳġصķɿ죬ԺĬĬ΢΢һ̾ʲô˵ɣҵȻϣҡ

һ䣬Ƿذң֪ڴʱ˵Ǿ췽ҹ̷ǲܵ¡

ѰɣضЦȴ϶Ļش

ȴֻĬĬؿɫԽԽģȴ˿ϲŭûʲô飬ԵЩհס

òֻصԼеЩڣҲЩա

ӦˣԵôקϲϹģƸƨĹϵˡ

ˣ㲻Ӧˣ֪ѾߣүҸˣԲû˵ôţ߿оͽйŭĻ˵˳

˵꣬ЩվתҪ뿪

ңңûвӦֻĥ˵Щʲôֿһץס󣬽

ܷܷһЩأȴɣתߣʶ࣬ȻĻȥɫ

ʲôɫҶϲЦƲػصȴĻ

бһۣװǻ㶼ôŮ˵𣿡ùһԵ˿˲촽ٵǰȡЦĺܶҲ

ΣüͷᣬңңҸ˵Ļòá

˵㲻˵Ļ𣿡صĽƻ

ʲô飬ǲҵ𣿡бһۣЩȥ

ˣˣһ˻С׷ߣȴѾЬδѵؾɵ˴ϣ۾

ˣˣ¸˵ļͷرֳѺá

˵ɣţʲôĴҰסǡɲۣڴϿƲػص

ʵѲ²⵽˵ôĻȻһԸ⣬ܣҲȴûѡصرóܣֻĲᡣ

ˣмҪ㣬԰ұ𣿡̽ʵ˵ƺõĻ

ӦģȴΪҪ˵ĻԳʹһ¡

һۣĻЩԳڣǱ˵һջǽ˵Ļ˵˳

ϲǼҹӣҲ޸κˣҵ˼𣿡ϣףǲܵģҲϣ̫ĸͶעϡ

ڤʼջδۣԽȭͷɣգҲ˵֣ܲס˷ڣʺѪոջõɴȾʪ˸͸

㡭û°ɣƬ̵ۣվڴЩ̵عе

㡭ǲнģĽʲôҲ㡱ֱ˺ܾãܾáʱ·ֹܷܷҲΪ˯ˣЩҪȥʱص仰ǲ۾









135

㡭ǲнģĽʲôҲ㡱ֱ˺ܾãܾáʱ·ֹܷܷҲΪ˯ˣЩҪȥʱص仰ǲ۾

Ϊʲô

Ǿ仰ҧҧסΪʲôԼȥˡ

ڤ·Ҳ˵ȥ㣬ʣҲ˵һõĳĬЩѹֶ˸С

ˣúϢɣ죬ΪȥЬ࣬Ǻñӣת׼ȥ

ϣȴȻץסֱۣ£΢΢һ̾Ϣ

Ƶ͵ߣܷܷҪϲҸöãĻ̫κȴ˸е顭

ܷܷΪ仰аһᣬۿںʲôӨĶʪ۾Ҳģߡ

ѽҪϲöãһҲͲ˸ӣҲôȥϷ

ȻթϵģҲܣÿһԼѹ϶Ҳѹ

Ѿͷչ˳ɵԼԼѾͷҲиģÿ뵽ϵΪԼթʱԼͬҲѹ

ΣѹͬʱҲҪɵĻţȥ׷ԼҪҸ

׷ԼҪʱпܻ˵һЩˣǣǹģҲ⡣

ֻУĬĬظ˵űǸԴ˷ֵڤ㣬ֻĸ˵űǸԲ˺ǹġ

ϣȴ˵֣ΪϷüȥΪҸҪ׷ȥֺܽûҪȥԣȥ顣

µõڤ˵ǲн˺ʱģȴȷظԼ

ȥ÷ɣ֣ض˵ģʹ࣬Ǽǵùġ

ջֱۣŷȥԵЩء

극ͿЩҪߣֱȫ˯ţ뿪𣿡۾΢΢Щ˫磬ȷɵܷܷ

װűˣϲǣȴȻҪҪԼߡ

˶һֽ顱Ķڰ㣬һմϣͻ񫣬޷

˵õЦǶǶƮӰǶӣҲ޷תɲܽĶ

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ڤ㿴ʼմͷƵĴšȴþõ޷ȵ񻨾ϸŰƿ

ôϲĽƵģĽǵ֪ҲʶĹ⾰

ǴǷ޵ĿĳƺͶĽֵӣѵ˵ǰʶǰʶأ

ȻĽȴֵǰ֪ĸ飬¼ƺҲ̫档

ջߣͷİɫᣣһ̾ɵ˶֪ܡ

һ޷͸ԣȴ˽ȥԽԽѵ޷԰εľء

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򿪿ϵĺݽһЩµشߴٵ

ʲôŪءϲЦտһѽӹ֣ؽӴ򿪡








136

ʲôŪءϲЦտһѽӹ֣ؽӴ򿪡

һ̡

һ۵׵һֻƯĽΣڻɫĽ֮ϣӵĻƺͽеĻƣãʣǻۡ

Ƶαһ̱÷ۣǻչĵöܷܷ͵һϵãҲǵãⲻǴڡ˱իִҪ͸ĽΡ

ɻ̧֪ʲô˼Ǻǣⶫ̫˰ɣҲաֺϸӣҪλ

ңң㲻˵֮͵Сʲôյġ˵䣬Ǻӣȡ˳ңңҸϰɣһܺÿǿͭǰ¡

áɣһ󲻰Īȫ֪Īȫ֪ɵӣܷܷˡ

ô֪أֺԻ󡭡

ңңʲôڤͷȻ

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ڤ˫磬ֽ˻ȥ㿴һ£κʺ㣬Ư

ܷܷ˳˵ĻͭȥκƯҲᣬһЩԸ⿴Ȼһɫ

ֺȻɣһӣƤЦƯǱﳤĹδͷϣմҵĹ⣬ԲŻĺÿ

ڤǱԴĻ˵һЦ

ܷܷغһۣЦʲôЦѵ𣿡

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ᣬƲس֣վתͷЦߣ۹⡱˵ţҪİΧȦ

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ŶԭҿҪժˡȻʲôƵģͷӦһҪժ½Ρ

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˵꣬ͷ˹Ƥܿˣ뿪˷䣬ķȥ

ڤܿӰЦҡҡͷǳ磬û뵽ʵƤɰ벻ϲѡ

Ц߳䣬׷ĽŲҲȥ

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ѵ˵ڤͲ˵ǹڶȫڤ

뷨ǿɾ̫ɶ̫ˡ

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137

ܷܷȥ·ϣ˼żĽƵĿԣҲҪúõǽȴʧû緹ʱöܷܷơ

κˣϱһ죬һֱϣܿЩΰӰʧ

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138

ЦٶȶƱٵգ¼ʱУѾ졭䣬һҾ¶ǡ

ܷܷͻȻĴЦŪЩɣүڽƽ𣿡

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һֱֱ۵ףҪѰһ˿ҪУǣ峺ǻûҪѰκС

һʧοƵЦȴ۽ǣڴߵԵ˿аңңﻰ˵䣬˫ۣĶһ뻳УǵĶѣϲЦտ

һǣڱָ̧Ľƣк㣬ﻹʲôĪҪϹ¡

ӵұ֮˵ģʹĵ׷һ˿Ц˵ǺǣǾͺãū澶ˣɫߣԲġ

ڤӶܷܷ˿ЦЦѽڣѵôܾһǲϷô

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ڤٿһۣһ͵һǣǶ޵ԡ

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ЩԳڣֻĬشͷ㲻ټ̧ˡ

ҶشҲڴɣû뵽ĽƣҲѧŶ壬

̧ܷܷһţڰգƨɺݺ߹ȥѣҪɫƭˣǲģǽص£ٴβ޹Ҷֶȵż⣬˸飬в̹һ㡣

Щһֱעڤ۵ףеĿƸ̬ȣӣֶƱһζ̼ζ٣ʹԣʱƷ

¾Ʊȥأȥͷ˫䣬˫ľĸԷɡ

꣬ɨһۣĸ֣ʼɣ

ʲôأüڤ˼룬ȴôҲ²

ĽĬҲ˳˼

ܷܷͷˣ۾תţƺµһ롣

ȥءǸҡ֡

ȥͷ˫䡪Ǹܡ

²⵱С

֪ˣʱȴһ˼֡˵Լ²Ĵ𰸡

ǣǻȴڤҡͷͷ񶨴𰸡

ү˵ˣϷҪٿˡ죬ؽ˵Ҫһͷ

ڤһЦƣҪȵģΪ´ˣǴ𰸻ûʱ





139

Ŷԭĸ֡ĵľƺ˶ܷܷһЩʲôȻһ̾Ȼ˴𰸡

ٰĸϵһĬһ飬ȻһסǼڶĴ𰸡

̧ڤҲ˹˵Ŀһ;ϣܷܷĻŵؽһһ㣬̧ȴǴЦ⣬ڤа²⣺Цʲô˼

ϳͣͽ𰸽˰ɣ˵գĽҲϵһƣҪһԼ

ѽү˵ҲϷһǡһֱδµˣҲжͶ˵

ǲ²ǻû£δز²ңңд𰸣һֱڴĴ𰸣Ϊգյ˼Ϊ

ҡܷܷ׼̹ȻһЦū澴𰸵ǲһ֪ԲԣҲһôҲһ£֪ҿԸ⣿

˽Ŀһ¶תϣڤ˵𰸣ֺһƾƣ߿ʼЩģܵľҲһЩ仯תʶؽֳŶͷҡҡܵľͣ

ЦЦʵǲ֪кιأôô

ָܷܷǰСϸ棬ԲһȦͷĬĬūһʱҲ벻õķӣǾ͸үһˡ

ƻѾͷѧĿ족һ㣬ҲԵǿʼɣߵ

лл佱ܷܷһƤ㽫ƤҲ˵ƻŭЦϲ̵ضлɰٶ΢΢ЩڤֲʧЦ

ԽԽ鲻ѣͬʱҲʹѡ

˷ȥͷ϶ݣںɽϣѲˡЦһۣƤصūҲǴĸ֣ūֻһʱ䣬Ҳ²Ǳ䣬Էһ

бһЩѾͷҲ̫˰ɣҪ޶ʱ䡱

ǺǣūֲܸүȣкرңֻˣСֶοӦò̫İɣֻ棬ôҸ˶𣡡

ܷܷ˵ƻСһ㣬̹׵ͬʱȴֽ˰һԲá

ɫ΢΢һȴҲ÷ҲԵ̫Сˣšü۵һ˿ЦƤЦⲻЦصҲϣʲôҲ³ˣһΣ

ðū澵ҲɣȥʲôһôűӣͷһȥȨ˺ú˯һǡ

ܷܷĴ̣һˬشӦ

ūȥȼ㣬˾ͿЩ˵գգ۾һЦһʱǺܿͻȥŶץʱɣ䣬㶯ȥȼˡ

ү˼ݣǲ²¡ڤҡİӡ

ѽүɲѾͷ̫ˣһȺ˸εǺ˺ͬģţƺϸϸָڤһơ

ǺǡЦЦǱƣͷһ¾ƱѾԼЩƮƮˣһֳӣһֳŶͷñú롭

˷ȥͷ϶ݣںɽϣѲˡڤĬ˼ɵ˫

ū澻ˣܷܷٶ𣬽ǱĿ˼ڤһ̧Ц绨գоȻ˴𰸡

ĸ֣һϣšüһ٣ȴֲ˵

𱡴ԳĿЦ⣬ڴϵңңձҲѲµ˴𰸣㷽ŶԱĿǸ𰸡

ܷܷ˫շžΣȴʹ⣬ЩڽƽǣΪ˭أΪΪթԼ

ĸƺԼ

һ̣뽫Ǵ˵ˣĸôĺܣ˵һҲûʲôġ

˼תһĬ¸ҵӭĿ⣬ЦӯӯصȥأˣԶˣ죬ʲôһ֣ȥһֻ֣ʣһҡ֡ôһ䣬һҡ







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ʱȻһ̾ԭ֮⡣

ܷܷЦһۣȥͷ˫䣬ȥͷϵһ㣬ǡܡֵһߣȻ˫䣬ټ˫ԣ񲻾һܡô

ңңû뵽㲻ܲ£Ȼ͵ôСԴװЩʲôȻôʹĽƻͷЦ޵

ܷܷһޣĻŭţЦĸе˿ļʣе˿⣬ĳƵ˿ļԣˡ

һͷһҾ¶ǡ

ܷܷĽתߣɫ룬ʡ

ˣǣ΢΢Щ۵һЦգͳһĺˡ

˫ľľһȴֲһ֣֡ôľ϶ͲһˣǾͿԲ²⣬һľһĿһ𲻾һ࡯֣ǲһ롯ô

˵꣬һͣٿһڤȴǼֹ̰һȴֲȥȰοҧҧ

䣬ĸԷɣ΢΢һ̾˭أֻģϵͬѡ

ڤһ̧ͷĿƵĽעӣԵģ

ʵɫ£ӣԵʣƮƽԶץȴֹţµʹȴ޷ֹͣĸ顣

ܷܷ΢΢һü֣ȥһ֣һ㡯ô̧ٽɨһۣĸּǡҡܡ롢㡱

һۣ䶯촽ԷڤЦʵү֪ū澲µĶԲԣ

ԣ̫ˣڤط¾Ʊ֪Ǹ˻аһЦش󽱷Īˡ

ܷܷЦˣ죬үӡɲ³ūգ

绨ѩ£յףڤ͵վҡҡλΣȥҪȴ˦ˡ

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бĿ˶Ų֪ʲôĽһֶۣǰδһƣūسŵԷһ䣬ͷһ

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ҶƮ㣬ƽ

ȿȡӲҾƵֻһǺں䣬쳣ܣѬ𿾣ḧԲͣСΪԣ;ƾã˲͸͸˵ƻɫ£ʣ͸˵ĹΡ

ջĳ˼ңңȻˬ죬˼˵䣬ߵĻεǰ

ץס˫磬ףϣصϾͽش㣬ɸˣƾãЩɳƣȴջ

ܽĺϣ΢΢ȶģ΢΢Ҳ̫˿ͷ·Ĳ

Ҫ㿪ȴһƵãԵЩġ

үˡ䣬ָ̧ŶͷֻεҡЩѣ

Ǻǣû֪۾ıӣ촽Щ룬̧һһ˵

ָͣĴĿһ·£Ҳ޷ơ

ȵϢŨصľζȫϣñЩѣѣվЩ⣬ҡҡλΣ̬ģȥۿžҪڵء

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µϢΧ

ϢѬ

ڵصһ˲䣬ʱط˸Լ£ˤţȻĽס·һ־ʧƵģյЩؿŲ̵Щ






141

һΣԼΪƣ˵ϡ

ܷܷʤһҾ¶ǣѾЩκʱЩѽԹѽģһ£µڤЦĸⵥȴʧġ

ڤѵõЦĸӲѣ֣Ƶϡ

ԴĴƣĦƶ決СϸĴнһֱĵףӿһ˿ʹۡ

ɵķУûκ˺£ֻʣߣ绨ӣѺԴݡ

ҲԥҲͷһѹԶǶԱǣű˴˵ĺȡű˴˵ķҷ

ү

ңң

ĽƵͬʱ𣬶Ķ˷·ѽˣҾأδţûκλӦڵϾĽ˴ӡ

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Щľٶɶһջ󣬽޵ֿмֱ֮ջΪ֮

٣ѣƺѲڹ˷ļΪ˺ס

ȴвˣɤĴԼȻϸ˿૵Ҫشˡֻһĺ촽ܷܷҰ㣡

Ǿ仰ط·һһķ磬˲ʧһ˿ۼ޷˵ʲôԼҲ̫˰ɣ

ܷܷʣûĴ֮䣬ʣµֻǺૣ黰

ϣֻԸУϣһӾֻĵϡ

ʱ䣬·һ̱㾲ֹɵۡ

ǼʵĻ棬ĵȼգ޲ҪǼſڤϵŮճɻҽ

ĽֻһۣҪ۾ȴ޷קȭͷȴ֪ΪΣЩŭкŭ˫Ŀ

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ǻڣжⷭ飬ŭȼָ߸𣬶£˲䵯

վ߳ŭǺ˫˸˵ǰûڻŭĽǽ򴽣üĿЩŭģʱԾ۵ס

գ˲仯Ϊί䶯촽ǰһҪͣȴת뿪Ӱ

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һ绨ѩ£޷ףһӹţԳ١

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ٵһۣѾڤʱĶܺΪҪ˹ִԼ塣

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㲻Ҫ˵ҲҪң㣡㣡ΪʲôҪ£˫ţذڶ˫֣йж񣬡ΪʲôһأΪʲô

δӰȴԶ

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һ󺮷żİɫۣīڷзȴҲǿȥɡ

Ƿ÷֣ҲԼô


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תǳЦȻһ

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145

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ɽ飬ɽ·᫣;ͱǸ˵ĺõطʺɽկһҪ򳦰ϿСܽɽկǸѹĺõط

תգǰɽկǶλĽͣܿǴӵϣҲΪϱһԴ

кĺܡɴ˿ɼǺϴɽկͦš

ֻǼļһ⣬ֻϲòʮֲӡҲԽĻҲԽļӴ





166

ҹ

ܷܷӺбڴ͸С۲ҹĻµĺڷկڵ䣬ƱȽϸߣԾӸµֻ͸Խڷկһɡ

ܱߵķ£ǰյСƣǰһСƬأеĵƶʱԵõƻԻͣ׳ۡ

̧ͷ죬ڵĻϣǶ㣬ԵúǼȣ¶ޣʱʱ֡

򵥣Ҳʰĸɾ࣬һŵмһСԲһ໨ڷ棬бһ溮ɽС÷磬÷ţ¶һƬ欵ĺ죬ɫʵٽϲ֮

ű˴³һ߿һߴӰ㴳˽

ˣ㿴Ҹ׼ճõļ£ϲδֿߣżֺϲ

ûͷܷܷ֪˭Ϊ䣬Ǵʹɽկǣ˭׼̤벽

ȻͷϲԾȻ۵ףԵľǺӲĺ·˵˷ˡ

ܷܷô˵غһۣ˵ҲϲܽЩȫ𣿡Ǽɫļ£뷢

һҲôһ˲ѣָܿ˹Ц߽Ǻǡ

ߵǰʱȴͻȻɫЦȥĿƵĿصȻˣΪҪҰóףôܶ

˵֮󣬿뵽Ҫ֮£һ󿪻ĴЦһĴɸŲžķԵмˡ

̵ģĸͷ˭Ҫ޸Ĵӣɱǧˣ

ܷܷĴЦ̼Ļðɣһȥĺ£˹֮һˤڵϣ̧źݺݵزȥҲҪףҽҩĴӣ

Ȱɣ˻УֻҪˣôȾôȡӵ΢΢ЦʵˣҪҰһ𣿡

Ϸʵζܷܷһ̧һ۱Ƽ˲ᣬҲЩ޿κΣض˶ţһѾͽ˿ȥҹ̬ĴӣҲ˵θڵ

ӣƵĺţסΣɲ˲ϲҵӣ߾ˣӣɲףǿɾͲˡ

˵ת뿪ߵſʱȻֻͷЦŵϢɣҵѺկˡҰóף֮ȻὫǽҩ㡱Ǿ仰˵ĺ֮ǰȻ***سգգ۾

ޣĴΣ˭סһ豭Ȼ˹ȥһȴŰϡ

˵ܵĿ죡ܷܷѸٱӹϵţյһͻأһ£ԣԴһҡ

ô죬ô죿Ҫˣſȥմš

ˣʲôԸһһңĺӣͻȻ̽ͷضѯʵ

ܷܷ˵ͻȻ֣ջĺܣȴЦۣңʲôԸǰɣɨһ۶ˣҧгݣȴЦݵģʮֱŤԵЩ졣

λޱ飬ȴǺصͷǵģˣкηԸ˺Ĭһ£˵Ҳͬ·һ˵

Ҫϴǰʧʿ𣿡ܷܷ˵⻰ʱЦǼִ档

˱ǲıͻŪ΢΢һֺĬЦŶԿһ۱˴ˣͬĻصԡ

ллܷܷ͡һջȻ˻صؽŹϣִ֪𰸣ΪѾǵһˡ

ʱ̱ţկжȴһˣΪҪж

ʱ̱˿ӵĸо裬ϢԷ˼ӣ˯˼ӣ·˼ӣϸéǸĴҲ˸ֵѾ߽ӡ








167

ӹ̵ѷ

ܷܷص˴ϣʹһţ㽫ϵЬ˦˳ȥ

һ̡

һҽС

ãûŵ㣬Ϊɵ֪ûǹ⽫Ь˦ȥġ

ܷܷƳ۴⣬ӸϣƲƲ죬ͷǺɫᣣƤĳأ벻ѣĺǷֹˣˣ˯󡱲һ˯ȥ

ңң˯ʼ䣬ƺĳѹȴѣֻĺ

𡭡ҡػ˾䣬˰ֱۣ࿿ȥ˯

ңңѣҾȥôôĽƵȻѹϸʶһЩ衪ͳ

ܷܷ˯һȻһ۾ĽС磬ԵЩ㲵ĿȻӡŵһУȴһѽסȴвҡͷš

ꡭСһͣһѹڴߣ˸Ķѹ˵ңңߡ

ֵܷܷڴУΪԼΣ˰ԼĴȣȴʹѣǴӴȴʹоԼʱĽƲξ

ȻһӣǰһĻǰ֣ǶԼıףûκλӦһƬհ׵ɫҲԾȻǰ

ȥ

ĵףȴЩϲġ

ĵ֣˵ǹĺģֻǺ񲢲Ҫָ顣

һ˲䣬ı仯ˣӾȵϲٵͳĮ

ҲԵúǸӣߣǿǼȴ־Ȼˮһ´Ӵ˳ԼϵĴƣնػص

Ҳߡ

뵵ڼأȴ˵ı̹ǡ

ңң㡭Ľû뵽Ѱȴ䲻ߵľ黰ͲԴǵһʱ㣬ˡ

߰ɣҪˣۣڣҪúϢ˵䣬˻ȥ

Ա뵵ҲӨĻ䣬СĴʪӣµİɫο

һصĺһ̾ٶȿڡ

֪֪Ҫ޵Ǻˣ

Ȼ֪ɽӡڶÿ٣ȴǲعһۡ

ʵģֻΣĽǰȴЩ

ȻϲֺΪʲôܰЩȴǶá

֪ڷɹʲôĽģȴԲҪ뿪ͼȰο

ס룬ɽܸʲô£޷Ǿ֮ģûʲôϣġСʶ֪ġ

Ȼ֪ǲǺˣΪʲôԸ뿪仰ҧгݣŵͺɣȴҲڸǲסˡ

Ϊ㲻ϲҡ
Ϊ㲻Ȣҡ
Ϊ㡣
ΪҲߡ

ԡ

£˵ҪǴӳֻһʱǷģϲȢҲ޸Ǵӡ

̫գΪܿȻĶҩ

ˣ޷ȥϲҲȥϲԼ˶֪

νҲûΪԼʲôˣǴպһĵġԲԵĻֻԸܽߡ

˺ѱ˸ôЩľˣƽ͵ؼ˵ңң֪ɽǲܴϵģǴ˷ţΪץû뵽չתץ

ҪӸţ벻ᱻץɽϡ

ܷܷĨɾϵۣתԵʮ־








168

û뵽ЮԼˣӣѹܶ˫ɫзϤУԭʱ֪Ķ簡

ңң߰ɣ֪㲻ģ𣿡Ҳ˵һЩǱǴӱż޵龭

߹أĿؿ˹˼ɣֺȻ̧𣬲ŷ۵һһ飬˵˼

ϸһƺˣ°ԽˣСҲ˲٣ԵԽСɣȲһˡ

˲䣬ӿһƬϧ֮⣬̶ӿ㽫űӵĶܷܷС

ҡҲҪߡһ˿ǵǿ˵ίˮ˦֣࿿˹ȥ

ңң֪֪ĺܵ㣬ֱŤˣ߰ɣ죬ǾҪˣʱܻңҲģ˵գҪ

ûֱŤ˦֡߰ɣҡǲߵġǲֻԸԼӡ

Ϊʲôһѽӳ˹Լȴ㡭ˡ֣Ĩȥۣ̲סΪһʹ˺

Ҳûޡʹ˦֣һѽƿ߿Ҳٿ㣬ô

仰żߵĺܴ󡭡

һ

һűײߴĺɫӰ㼱˽

˭˭λӣٶͬĬͬʱõָĽʵ

㡭߰ɣƵ˴ߣҲߵġ

ңң㲻ߣҲߣҽһҪߡһץסҪת뿪ʹһһµĻС

վȽŸ̧üЩյص㡭֡ʹֱۣš

Ҳš˵ļᶨֻӵסһ̣֪ӣԼһֱҪѰҵʲô.



ǰδŮӵ
ӡ
紺Ц

ֻӵסһ̣ס
羫һŮӣڲ֪פġ

ֻ޶ۣż֪ܵĵִԲô

ſǷˣͬʱһӵĽƹ˹

֡ĲУͷֱҧȥ

ʹһڷ֣Ҳֽſٵһѽȥת˫ۣŹĶˣߣ׼׷

ңң

شĶ档

ӣٴĬת׷˳ȥ

ιǸһܷܷ׷ȥУȴûĻ

̧ܷܷţ׷ȥصؽһתֽ˻΢̴ǣ˵ķɨһۣһϲû˿أʱӵʱ

ʱ㲻㣬ƺһֱôһ㡣

ˣôˣţ˯뵽ȥ

˭֪ŷ̤ţͱӭĴӴţӴվǰǱͲõǹ⣬Ҳסȥ·

Ǻǣ˯ţɢ˲㻻˸ɫҹŻص

뵽ճ֮£˯𣿡񲻴һץסǿӲؽקݡ

ι֣ӹԼߡܷܷʹڶֱҪ֡

ˣãķҲ˯ţպһ˵˵̸̸İɣ˵䣬̧һŴϡ

֣˭Ҫ̸ģ̧ȥȴϱĶĽ˸𼦶ЩԼ³Ķĵ

ˣСġŨܣֽۣţͦģһ̣㽫һ㽫˻С






169

һӴɽҰϢ˲Ƕˡ

ܷܷعһƣԼڻУС˲߳ŭǵͨ죬ˣſҡţֽҲͣЪͬʱؿں̣ߡ

ˣɰû뵽ȴǺЩȭȣҲһ̣㽫ᱧȥ

ĹȻҰιĺӡܷܷʹţĺв

ԭϲҵĺӰǶܷܷδвǴӾǲŭԾɲЦɫ

˵䣬֣ĺץȥȴ쵽һ룬ȴôҲǰһ֡

ģǵĴӣȻֱɵصѨ

㻹ҪҪб£⿪ҵѨǵҾͲţ򲻹㡱

᲻صض˴֮ϣðǾⴲ֮ϱȱȣ˭⻰˵Ƕܷܷߣգȴκβ

ΨһܳҲ˫ŭȻͻܷźݻˡ

˵ԣŭһƬɱܻ֮ûĻ´ǧٻء

ֻܻûҲв

ǴӱɫȾһĨζЦ⣬ӸЦ΢΢ţֻѸٵһӣɵߣԣҵķˣжʾ˵䣬㳤һ˻С

ˣȥѾôСˣ㻹Ҽ㻹ǲܷܷ뽫´

Ƴ󻹿˯˵Ŀռ䣬ԳԵЦˣⴲ̫СˣǺã˻ŴģԺ˺ӣҲõš

ޣ˭Ҫѽҹ㻻øҹȥ̫ˣ˯šܷܷѡ

죬˸ĹǷˣ˽ίһ°ɣ˯ˡ˵꣬ͱ۾ܿס

ܷܷͲһף˯šιװˣӣѹѨ

ף˯·ûƵģûеӦ

ӣѨ

ӡ



۶ܷܷôǲҲѣҲˣ֮ͣƤҲԽԽǷʶڻǵֵܹ֮Լ˯ȥܹȥˡ

ʱ˿̣ûʲô±˯

ӣ˯ˣˡ

֪˶ȳƵĺӲЦ۾΢ĵƹ£ϸӣԽԽ⣬ԽԽɰ

͵ĵƹ£۵գŽĺΣ峺ȴʱչֳ˿ϣŨεĽëǣС죬˯ţȴһһϣʲô

ıɫ˼ů⣬罭ˮ㷺ģȴƴ󺣰

Ǵż˵ҪץѺկˣʱֻǾú棬һ˿𾪣ֻе˶̫ǱЮ֣׹µŮˡ

ʱֻһͷǾҪץסȻϸϸ̲飬ѯǲǾδŮӡ

ʵһ򲢲һϲɱ޹кˣˣҪЩƤǣ˵Ҫˡ

ڿջû뵽һ棬־Ź֣ǶԼζϧǴȴƻˡ

ǴѲɽɽû뵽ⲻò˵Ե֣ǰǿн¡

ķˣ촽䣬΢սĶͷĪطһ˿δй𡭡

һֱǻţ֫ٺеЦ⣬Ũ

ǺӣǵĶϸ۵ļ˯еһ̧ɨȥֿٵط˸Ļ˸ƣ˯һҲûѨѱ⿪




170

ЦıӰ֣ţʱҴñǣҵķˣúϢɣ䣬ٴβۣתȥ

գܷܷľͱϲӱڽ䣬ŪŪģʰ

ˣǳȥɣϲžŴ޵ظڴͷϣϸСǰ浲ס绨Ľա

ܷܷޱƳԼһļ£ȻǸ绪ү

õʱҲϲļ£ܣɵʱҲԼûа취ֻܸɵۣˡ

ۡ뵽ʱԱģ̽סЦ

ԭ𣬱Цˣϸϸζһһʱգƺ㻵

ˣЦʲôû뵽εһʱ䣬ϲﾹѽ˴ãһϲĴӣЦӯӯ˹

̧ܷܷߴϲӰ˲۵ףϲ죬оӸЦһſ񣬲š

ߴɽǿǺ޵ϲƽʱǲޱ߷ɢķʱúͷĶءΪĴֿƽ˼Ӣƽտ˳ࡣ

ǣȴûغһۣЦģѿϷƵģôޣۣ

𣿡½󣬵ͷϸһ̧ͷżȡЦȴһܳϿҵض˵ǣҾÿġиǺܻ¶֮⣬ɫԡ

ܷܷлЩϲģԾɲգԵ̧ٵһۣ˵˾˻˭ѽôƵġ

ǺǡĻʶԼӣǡ

ˣ˴ɽկˡӷٿ˵ʲôͻȻһСֳִ󵶣ڵϣԵЩңǵҲʧɫôۡ

ܷܷСһۣһϲ΢΢ֳһƤĻȡ

ǣóˣĿ죬ʱ

˶ˣڵˣû뵽Ǵӵ򶨣˼һһϸš

˺ܶ࣬ƵһƬȫǹٱ磬ѴأϾҪ򵽴ˡСʧĻص

۲ת˲䣬˼תķɿ죬û뵽֮죬һԣкЦĶܷܷϲķˣҲ

㡭ʲô˼

ѵҩҪĶҩǶˣһ㲻ʵĸоҲûУҲʹҲģƽʱȫûʲô

бһۣоǳŪЦ⣬䣬ɣ

ߺ޵صһۣұߵӣһߴһֱ쵽Сظ첲ۣҲ˲Ϳ־塣

ǲǿһߡЦһۣȴ¶һ˿пĹâòģôҲõ˴ˣᣬƺҲ

ɫ˲һ䣬Եúѿ־вţҪˣŭ쵰ҸԹ޳Ϊʲô˴ҪӺҡŭ˹ȥ˺Ť

ûôⶾһ죬µޡ׽ס˴ֻ֣ҪԹԸңҪʱܣعˣ˷ޣȻὫǽҩ㡱˵꣬Сһ첽˳ȥ

ңҳȥһͻòҪܣȻˡ˼Ȼֻͷ

쵰ȥɣҪޣħ쵰ȡͷϵķڣʹȥȴûУֻСܵĺܿ죬ͷǾ仰ͲκƬ̵ͣ
















171

žӦֻǷײ汻ˤѵ

Ƕһص飬еһ˿ѵľһ̱ڵϣĿûнضЩƣԵЩ֪ܸͣʲô

ֻʣˣĵҲټʦһ档

ŮԲ㣡

ʦ㵽ѽ

δ𡭡δ𡭡һᣬᣬ֪ʱĻ䣬ڱĵأǶһص飬ۡ

ô԰ûõؿһᣬǿ

Ҫȥʦʦôһ԰Լⶾģʱ䣬һҵġ

Ĵ㣬ҲҲҪܾô׵ʹӣȥ

ⲻܷܷһɵԸ񣬾ҪҲҪԼȻЦȥ

ûʲô˵ģȨԺ˯һٴſʱһµ

̫ݣֻ֮䣬ҪãȴգʵноƣĹֵضȹµʱ⡣

һ򵥵˼ǹȻʣηٽϢˤˤͷһĺޣ¶ԭǼڿջϵǳɫ

ɨһ۴ܣѲӰﴽЦɢžǴʱΣյĺڷկõдա

ͦأһȻЦݣ̤Ĳ߳˴һ·ֱɽ¶ȥ

߳ڣԡ죬ůȻԼǿǿ˼֡

һ·Ǵ򶷹ĺۼɽկӴܵǱӰ͵Ҳʬ壬ŨصѪζڿɢӭŻĳ嶯

Ƴһ۵϶ʬ壬пЩʬҲᣬǾʧȥˣҲ죬죬нӽµʱ䣬ԸǱ˵ġ

üǿŻĳ嶯ĿбӣǰУҶδҶڻ֮УҲûȥ

ңңû߼ӭˣֳֳɱڤǳɫڴȾǵѪһʢţ¶ѩĺ÷

ֻǷֲ˵ĻڶֵġֻǾֳֳս̫ʺ

үټֻЦһзʳЦ˿ڿˡ

ھĽ¼֮ƺһЩ˵ˣʱԼҲԹˣΪĽᵽˣԼϲ˶ϲʹࡣ

˿ƫƫĵ׺ȻһҪʵĳ嶯ӣΪξͲܽܣתϲأ

оѵò˵ɫȻԸ񣬶ԱڶʱǺġ

үôһвÿĶҲᱻòԻ

ֻЩʵ裬үҲܷŲȥѡ

ңңغһһӼһ̿ʼУҲûκ˺ˣУǻһģװȫӰ㣬Цա

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ĺ

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Һ㡭

û뵽ӭЦȴĵصһζ˵䣬˵Ļ̫ھϲʱȵɵ㶵˽ϦϦ̧ǰƵĶ

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ӭ汼ȴķЦʱȥͫ˲Ŵ󣬵ż⣬ܲȥ

Сġ

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û֮䣬֪ʹϮĸоһƬûиķвҶƮ䣬ĻУȴǴŰЦݡ

ڡԡһˡ




172

ڡԡһˡ

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΢΢̧ǿгһ죬ҡҡ˯һᣬҪѹҡҺܿĵġѵ֮ǰһζ飬㡣



˿еʹǸӵĸоֻ뵵ڼأģߣˣڿ֮ǰԼô

ܷܷҲ˯ûС

һʹŭȴûлΪˣ۾Ҳû˵ˣľѽʧȥʶ˹ȥ

ʶģУоǧŴڿӣʹԸӣȴֽвǺֻں䣬һ΢ţʹ

ֻкɬѣ·˻ܣҪˮ󣬺أеǸˮ֡

ٴоƺ˽豭ѵĴֻʶֿʼʣģ죬صԵޱȼѡ

ˮ˼Σȴ޷ɬŻĺ䣬ʹ಻ѣȴ޷ָоܡ











173

Ȼһ仨һµķ磬ţƮߣ֮ȪĻ࣬˿ѵĴյıݣһ飬һ֮ȪɬŻ˵ʺҲһء

ٴλеƴǻ꣬ļЩȲʵĹнҧһڣԼкһ΢ţʹ࣬ƺߵ

Ҳôһ˲ת˲һƬϢľȱЩʹۣҪ˭ʹҪ֪ǷҲԼˣŻᷢʹ

ǣôʹҲ޷ſصƤʶҲٶģƺҲʶƮԶֱȫһƬڰĻУҲûио

ٴѹ֮

ܷܷһᣬĺңԶĹȣأſƤĶΣڵΣЩģ

ܷܷˡ˵ǰ̧طδȫģ֮ʱĶͷģϲ૵̫ˣ̫ˣˣɳƣȴԲ

ʹƮɢµıζԼ϶Ӧþڤ

ү˰ͷֻһȴ̲סһѣҶӶˡֻʱŷԼſ˯ġ

һʹĸоδȫɢʱһϮȻʱǰʹǽ۵ü

ܷܷʹ𣿡ڤСĶʵ̧ͷܷܷ۵㲵ݣѪ˿ͺ쳱ǵͳɳƵؼ˱治Ļ

ü΢΢ͷһֱ㵽˶ã㲵ӣЩۡ

ҹСɵϣô˵˯ôʱأ˵ֻ˯һģ㡭˵ٴǵ´ҲҪôˣۿʲôǹһҲҪͦΪҵһеʹҳеͺã֪֪ڿҵһеǿ̣ҵ༸ֹͣټ֮㣬ԲѣҼҪ裬Ҫ

ס԰ףѵĴĦţһ飬һ飬չת࣬·ֻйеĵǡ

ûƿƣҲûƣδ𡭡δ𡭡жˮԾ˳Ų԰׵գĻ䣬ʪ˱˴һĴ㡭̫ˣҡҸôأʵض˵

΢΢һ뿪Ĵ̧ͷһϸ꣬ȴЦĲ԰ݣ˲ԾһЦٴθףĴ۽ǣһţһţǸˮ

ૣҲҪ㻹ҪԶǷţһӣúõĻžͺãֵĻţᣬ֪𣿡

ɵصͷǵĺһӣĿߵĿգҲҪŶҵѣ㲻ģҲ᲻ĵġ

ƤһЦ̧֣΢üͷḧŪҪƽ֪֪üӺóӦöЦźÿŶ

һץסֵС֣Ĵܷܷһòã

ЦüҵĶĺöŶ

ڤ飬ͻתĻ棬ʱȻһߣ·ڿʲô·Ҫ˵ʲôǻһ΢ŵ̾Ϣ

ת˲ǿѹɬﴽЦܷܷҿΪʲô𣿡

ܷܷɨ˲Ȼɫже㲻̣۲ת˲䣬һ̾㲻үҿЩ飬Ǹöá

ѵܾҲʸ֪ôĬļĵʵ

ģ̇¸ҵӣʱ˵ӡ۵ףһɣ㲻ҪԶõѡĴƣĳ⣬ǰشģȻʱ˵еԲΪʱĳ嶯ڴ˿ǸԽ˵ԽͷԽͣԽöԲĵطƺ̫ࡣ








174

ܷܷҲҪĵǸҪظңΪʲôܽҵԭ򣬡ѵΪĽƵĹϵһĨʵĹâ˲Ͷ˹ȥõȴǳǳȻЦ

ҲܷܷҲ䶯촽ƺҪΪʲôӣٴλһĨǳЦ˵ô㲻ãҸ˵⣬ϲڣûԼӣϲɽ˿еԲŲ

ΪĽôջ̲סʳԼеʣǵ˵ĽƲ޵ĺ׳

ĽơһĨǳЦظǸԼûзӦԳĬܾԼӣоǰգԹеֻƵᣬȻһЦ

ûôۡŲѡһϵѣʱ޶˵ûʲôԼÿһĿĸҪ

˿̣ѽЩ£ĺܵһҹ֮䣬Լƺ˲١

۲ת䣬̲ס󴦵ĺһƳʱ޶ĺߣȻԾ

˵ѹǼ٣˭֪Լȥѹأû˰ɣֻ֪ѹҲûãΪѹ޷

˳ȥҲƳߣҲµģһ취ⶾġһᣬͷᰴѹԼůļ磬

ҿ𣿡῿ͷʵ

ȻԣҸϲЩƣں㷢ǷѵõôУ˲ĵףᵴһǳǳЦ

û죬ֻҪץס˿ӵĸоҲҸġܷܷԲôȥѰǧɽˮ߹ĺҲҪѰҩȻ

㲻ضôõģʵһ˽ŮˣֵˡǷ飬޷ټȥҲ޷ȥĸܡ

ĿƵˮҲԼֵõģҪıһжԸģ㲻κǷҵĸֻҪֵĻžͺã֪𣿡˵꣬ǰͷӡ°οһǣģ㲻µġ

ᣬ˵ҵģ˵ЩĻĺÿɶŶ䣬֮ʣ㲻ܲˣͷҲҿޣءء

ڤ޵ͷߣһĪ۲ѣ˱ˡ

ءءһ󣬺Ȼ̧ͷҲܣ۾ˡءءû˵䣬ּ˵ͷ

ڤ˲νΣһЦЦķ֣и쳣

ܷܷøԣҲðԵ

ϲҲԽǿɰ

ļ磬СƵģзӿˣˣˡͷ̧Ϊȥˮ촽ЦһЩԹҪԭŮˮѽ޵ġͷüʪ˸͸ָ޻ȡЦѿ֪֪Ҳˡ

ߣǻ㺦ģбһۣҶӶˣҪԶҳԱˣоٸˡ䣬Բͷݺݵز˰ѱ

ˣˣúţȥóԵĶһĨЦͷ°ڻأվ𣬿ǵ̫õԭʱľضʱʧȥ֪˵߲վȡ

û°ɣȥϢһ°ɣңңչ˾ͺˡĽƺȻֲ֣֪ʱĴļ磬нҹϢһѡ

ڤмһЦĽƣˣ

̧ܷܷһͻȻֵĽƣȻôΪչԼ߲ݣڤ룬ǴĽơ

ȥϢһºˡƳһվһɫľĽƣׯҵԵͺá

û£ȥˡ˫Ŀɺ죬Ѫ˿ڤԵЩִĵ







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һ̾ڤЭȴޱ뻶ϲܷܷʼģںˡ

ˣϢǣ˶ҲҪԹϢ˼룬ҵڷϢһ¾͹㡱谮ͷĽƣǾͰˡ

ĺѵļ磬ת֮ǰؽ۶ϲС˶һۣ벻ᣬŷȥ

ͷȥϢˡƳһۣƫͷǵĶܷܷĽоһĪİɬôһúչңңġ

ػׯ

ڤߵŷЦŻͷӦһ֮㳹ʧ䷿

ڤ뿪һӱ壬ܷܷ˵ĽҲ쳣ĳĬ

ܷܷоĵĽǵעӵĹâߣȴԸͷûǵעӻһ̾űתȥĽŲٽűǿŹŵ

ҲôһᣬĽƺܿһλѾߣһ࣬ĳŨȸոպãſűһ䣬һ˲ըˮӨӨ䣬Ʈɢһʳָ󶯵ζûС䣬ĶܷܷԵĽζ

Ѿ߼ֽ֣꣬ʰʰ󣬺ܿ뿪ˣѾߵ뿪һʣ³Ĭ˵Ķˣεٶ̳ӡ

ʲôʱǶܷܷǷϢĳĬ

硱򵥵Ĵ𻰣¶໰һ֡

ŶӦһƺлعļ

㡭˵˺ʮּѣ˵һ֣˲ֶס

ܷܷµӲЩʧЦƳһۣ˵ȴԵЩӵ̬һЦʲô˵˵Ҫôµģ˼һ˵һͣ£֪֪ĥˡ

΢΢һ˲䣬һЦеĽŶʱ˲٣ɵرѿʵңңǲҵ

̫֪

Ϊأϣһشǣǲǣޱ飬ϲŭһۣ˵滰Ǽٻ

ĽƱʻ˲˵һû뵽֮ǰһǰֵĺǹɣ˳ӵѾߣ˷˵ԣؽתĵһʱЩ֪ɵԭء

ңңϲ𣿡ҺҲ̫֪ʱתƻ⡣

ⲻһʣҲ׿ʶǶܷܷϲסҲһ֪ͻȻʲô˼

Ҳôһ˲䣬ָܿбһۣȥСֹϲϲʲô£뵱ﰡǿɶ񣡣

ϣⲻС˵ȴңңϲҲĳĺϲ㣬Ե⼸죬߲ݣ²￴㣬ҶΪЩݣģ⻹ҵһһŮ⡭

ܷܷһֱţ̧ͷݺݵصһۣﴽ̵һЦĽƣȻϲԺɴʲôׯˣЩûµһýеĲܣ˵ˣϲϲ˭Ҳòָָ㡱

һ˵̹꣬٣ֶ𣬷һԵĲ豭࣬һڣʱɲ١

ңңΪá

ЩҺİɣܷܷ˵꣬Щյؽϣȥһǰ׹ۣΪʲôΪϲңҾҪϲʱôӦһأ

ЩһʱգԣѿڶһڣЩҪҧԼͷĳ嶯

ģ˵˲˵Ļһ䣬Щڵؽͷ˹ȥ

ңңĽһͻǧ˵

ȴȥӦҪǾЩ

˵Ҵû㣬ЩϲԽԽС

ǶĶܷܷȴķҲ˷ܣһ𺳣˵ϲԼģûɣ










176

عͷǿ򶨣Ŵȷʵո˵ʲôҡ

ĽƼǺ𾪵飬֪ģĪ˿ˣлᣬô

ҡ˵ҡϲ㡪ңңһ֣һ٣˵ĺֳټ¸ҡ

˵֮ôˣشЦңңʱͣӿɵȴܿɰ첽߹ȥ̧ϰԵ㷢ɵѾͷҴ㣬ֻԼ̫ˡ

㡭ңǲǣɴ۾ֱֱĿЦʵգʱӡ۵ףӿ

ûк㣬˵ĶʵٴķĨθڴߵǳЦû뵽Ҳɵ㶣ŵʱ

̲סͷһЩۡңңΪ֮ǰ˺ʾǸ

ۡءһ˲˰죬۵һǿҿҪˣԲ˵ֺĻοҵģǰɣҲҪǶᣬΪʲôҪҿޣ

֮󣬱һ󣬶϶ĳءءǺûûÿɶ񡭡

ĽƱ޵ˣӣ̧֣ذĨȥ۽ǵˮӣϧѣصصңң˵Ķ滰û˼̧ϰԵٴķɵѾͷ֪˼롱

ܷܷȻֿ̧ʱӰԼӯӯģЩ⣬ȴﻹһƬϧ֮⣬ҸزιȥȴҪõࡣ

ģһǲţһǿҿô˵ġͣ˿Ĩᣬȴһ㡣

ңңѵ˵Ļôţҿɴûƭ㡱Щģ˲Щԭ˵ĲΡ

̧ܷܷһۣɫ͵Цĳ嶯ǿЦ⣬ҪҲУжʾһϲҵ֤ҿҾš

ĽƵɫĻ˲䣬תļȴԵЩ㣬⡭ҪʾôôʾץźףЩãȻǡҪô֤

֪ΪΣգ˲Щòй¾Īдģķɿ죬ԾǺһſ

ϸ΢ı仯ģȫնܷܷ۵ףĵ׿ЦֹǿɰɲΪ죬;ȣôŹ

΢ﴽǣƤһЦɫ˲һĨĹâص֤ǡ˵˴ܷܷҲ΢΢Щ̡

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Ծأַ̧ӵӣᵴˮ䣬СĽеһشˮ

̧ʢӣжʱˮ뵣ĵ˲䵴˿˿ϲġ

룬ŮӣʼҲһ֣£˵žܷµġ

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кС¹ײ㣬ķɿ죬·Ҫš

룬ϲԼĻͻжͷڴصչһգжϲ

ǣ˰죬ȴԲжЩʧȴգ֪˵ЩȫǺģˣһ顣

ߡƺһ˻ȥҾ֪ǺҿĵģллǷģϢһˣ߰ɣδ䣬

һһա

ôֿˣһƬӰͻȻӴصĺźŵĵ㡣

ͷٵգѵˮ˲ˣ˰ɣ̧ͷԺ̲סһЦɵѾͷǻˣ֪









177

ˣǲ˵ˣԼ̫ľ㶣̫أŻеĲŰɣ

Բ𣡸²ԸܿƵġǰĽ˶вεҪǺѰһǸ

㡭̧ͷܷܷḧűǹգЩţ·ƯУղһ£ץסֱۡ

Ӵȴ̫͵ĹϵСĳ˿ڡ

˲Сʹһţʹࡣ

ôˣҹеʵ˳ְƽһŵС۲ѣ˿𣿡

ʹ˲佫ξдأղ𣿡Щţڲȷһʵľ

ɵѾͷǲǻһΣȷЩЦͷȴ쳣ԭԼġ

ðĻﲻ辭˼شѿڶĵڴһǡ

ԵЩΪѣ㡭ղţѵˮһǣͲ֪ķ

˿̣ȻҪһΣԼĹ죬ͻȻУ

㲻Ը⣿飬ʱ䣬ԵЩʵȴǻϲģĻϲԼģôҲ˵һڳϷԵô顣

ңң˻жʾˣȻɫڴʱЭһٶȹ̲סһð亹

˼ر۾ķۼտҲ·ƻ㣬ͬҲĺ̵ӲҲĺ죬ĸ·Ҫ

һΣĶᣬҲܾ䡣

Ửģ۵ģ˿ĴУգĸоǸоǰãֻһתѣ

ǱȳۻҪ弸֡

ģģžյ㣬һƬƮëɨϣĿ䣬ĴøоǸоҸزȥ

ͬһʱ䣬˲Լͬرøоѣ۾Ĵϣ˺ĬһЦֿ

ĽơػץסֱۣţĲǸطǿеۣеҸʱ޷˵

Ľƣһòãо仰Ҫĸ˵

Ȼ޷˵ôжʾˡ

ʲôѽôءЦţԸӣ߿˼֡

УٴĨϤĻâ̧ͷ䣬ĴҲʱӡĲ󵨶̹ʵشжϲ

Ľڱϵһ̣͵һͷЩԺиǹ½һôõĻ档

ǣͻȻ뵽ҹŮԼ͵ǣ˵Ķо˵ơ

飬ȴִͬǴȴ΢仯

˷ȴǻϲ۵ġ

ԵЩ˼ؽͷͷʱʶˤˤͷҪǲõĻ棬ˤȥ̧ӵ˼ȴԵЩ翡

ĽƣҺϲ㣬ҲҸ˿̾ʹȥҲźҲԼҸˣ

Ϊ֪ˣԼĽҲϲԼˣʵ˶룬һ󲽡

ֻŪˣڸϣȴľ

ңңҲ˵㲻ģһ취ⶾġҸȴԴ˸еĻڽ翵˼ء

㷢ľģǻİ⡣

ƣҿ𣿡Ҹؿͷʵ

и쳣ȳۻҪ𣬻ҪеҸ

ȻԣԺҲҪңĽƺҲ̫ǻ֪һ任ƺ

ƣҺÿģҸһ仰ԽϲҸĻϵĨǳأЯ⣬ﾲʡ





178

ƣҺÿģҸһ䣬ԽϲҸĻϵĨǳأЯ⣬ﾲʡ

ңҲÿģΪҲԭңҲˣǴȥȴңҿɴδǰѹҶ֪Լôϵġ

Ϊ㲻ϲѽ¸̫ѹˣԲŲġᴷؿһ£ٴӿ˿˿ۣԳԵЦ

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ɵصͷԺҲ׼ȰϲˣƸˣҪұҲԭˡ

ġף壬֤ʵԼ֮ﻹ

ˣҲаռģ˷ϲˣõҲУùģҲᣬֻС˶ȴԸ⡣

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ɶԵĻĿЦһץסָС֣ĴУе۸޷ݡ

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Ǻǣ֪ˡԳԵЦţͷѹļͷû뵽ҥ˰ԵɰŮӡ

ҪǶҺãϲҶ㣬Ҳͻõģĵغġһ򶼺ܺ񣬾һ˴˱׺ҲôˣĵĻ˵ĺ˳

ȻңһõģҲܿġĽỽ˵ŴǿٲȫǶδõĴ

ܷܷĬЦſͷҲԾĲӣʱʤ

Ҹ۴Ǳ˴ʶڿɢӡ

ӵˣҸԴȪʣҸۣȴСľɷƳˡ

˲䣬ĴյıѸٹȵ϶ıѣȴʹ޷֪

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ϣת˲һĨȫζ˸еЦĵȴΪܷܷеˣֻҪֵܿĻţҲ̫ࡣ

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ڤ˳ߣ̧ḧ˴ϵǵ۰ʹ˺ۣԾسԳЦ˵ѽĪؿһۣǱһֻԵҰèҧġ

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179


ǰɣôˣᱻèҧҵǰɣбһۣ˵ˣȨظ˽ģ

ȻĲô֪ˣʵĴ˿ܸС

ΪеǶ仨ԼĴǻʲôϵɵǣҧǶ仨պôʱĴҲ˵ӡ

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Ǻǡ𣿡Цȴʹ಻

ĸöϢһµġĽڷΣǰе˵

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Ҫȥ𣿡ĽƶͻȻ뿪оΪһ˿ɬ

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ռУܼˣֽشϣʵҲһѵõҸҸЩԼҲҸѽ

Σһ֮ʱȻ򣬴ûʲôֵĻŸҪ

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ΪΡΪΣ֪ܻӦĸ飬ҪĹأ

̧⣬һ۱ܶ꣬һûûεҲⲻΡ

أлл㣡ǧΣɻԲֻ򵥵һ䶣лл뵵ȴ鲻Խģߡ

ңңۣ̣ǲܿƵس˹ȥͷһΣͷһǣҲҪءʣЩȻᣬȴġ

ܷܷеıӴ˿̣Ҫ׷ˣȻ絶ȴǲòš

ӲʱȻһҪȻµĳ嶯֪۽ǣͷǿҪˮΣһ֣ȻתٲһۣҲƵһ㣬ٵضŶ

ҵܷټףĽҸߵȵػһۣǳŷű

̧ף컹ô绹ôᣬȴôôʹ絶ʹԸӣȴҪ̵ؼ

ۣջûסΪ˵һξӨˮΣֻת˲䣬һǣŵ˲䣬ȴҲΪʹʱ̡

ңң

ңԶˡ

עʹ㣬ôȻڣҲʹΪҶİѳȻ

Ҫģֻ㽡ֵĻţÿҿʱ㻹ĳһ䣬Ȼֵػš

ôҲΪĿ֣ͽеһ˿οĿ֡

ռУǵõ˽ķףĬĬף

ҸǱ˵ʹ࣬˭ԸͣҸĽŲȥ˵ʹ൱أ

ҪҪһԶǵǷŨ⡣

ЯİҸĵ·ϻϧҸ˫

ϣҲҸаҵˣҰˡ

գڤϺ̣ĽƺͶܷܷкٶ࿴һۣһֲᣬԼ᲻ǰط֡

Ȼø£ǲǿôֺαͽ˵ķأȫǵҸеʹ밧һ˶ĬĬеˡ





180

תʮֹܷܷϲ˵ҹ飬ָĺܿ죬´ˣֻʱżͻЩʰˡ

ĽƹŶܷܷ뿪ʮյվһ·ٯٯܰۡ

ӣ͸һС棬һ·ɫҶƮ㣬զһصɳ·˵ۡ

㱼䣬ģ͵һ飬Ҹ·֮ϵΪĳ˸еһ˿ۣüȴǲ

ңôˣ˿ʹ𣿡֣һ˿ů⣬еʵ

ȻһЦʱشأٻţǡͷ῿ͷƣ˵ǻҸ𣿡

ǻɢȥͷǷݾ

ΪӵеԽ࣬ԽǺʧȥʱ֪ĽƵ󣬱Ǿ£֪ϲԼģ޷ء

ѵŪˣԾأ֣͸˱ŵ֣㲻ȴܸоĿ

ġļ磬ӵ˻Уͷң㲻Ҫ̫ģɽׯиҽҽܸһ԰ⶾģ

ôˣͷɻؿ֪Ϊֹ

ĽƻһЦȴڸǲסüһƬ֮ɫ.

ңǷɽׯĹغܶ࣬ҵĵҲǼΪ֮ˣͻȻ֣ϿܻЩܣʱҪίһ£ѾߵݣסɽׯĶȫˣȥ˵ǵ£㿴ɺã

ܷܷ΢΢һ£㵭ȻЦһİźˡ֪ΪΣΪһеʮֵĲ

ĽƣʲôҲ㡱ϣٶȻˣڤʱ˵һ仰ڶûģĪĽźͲ

ƣ㡭ǲǼӡȢӣҲ

ûа΢΢һͷϰԵķɵѾͷں˼ˡ

ɷ񶩹ףţҪָס

ûСЦһ§˼֣ɵѾͷ˼ˣҲģҲӵҸġ˵꣬ӡһǣľģοĵġ

ǻҸģ˵ĻơҲֽ§˵ĺȴûһա

ɽׯ֮Уǰ;һƬãɽ֣δһƬãϵĶüޡ

Ҳڤ˵ĽƸԼʲô룬Ľʱһݡ

Լ£ϲһǺγҲһССҸԣѵ˵κСҸʱҲ֡

һĽůĻУС˯Σܿ㵽˷ɽׯϽľء

ֻܽ⡰ˮ֮ǡķɽׯǽҲֻССһ磬ѵ

ˮ֮ǣˮ·ΪɽׯҲǽɽˮ羰ߣڼɽׯСˮȫȡ֮ˮ

ռǧ㣬ΰӴ󣬾ڻʹԷȴһҵ

һƽĴֱͨɽׯţԷֱҶĴϸϸ֦ڷҡţƷǵ͸Щ

ңˡܷܷĽƲ˳

ׯˡڼĽףϲкš

һλƹܼҵӣЦӭ˹߽һ̣Ľʶջ˽ס֡

СöܷܷĪһʧ䣬̧ƳһĿݵĲȴһֻź˵

壬ɽׯʱɻãûʲô°ɣ

ûУǵȶׯ֮¡

ȡĽһȣɫ죬Ե˿ƳĶܷܷһۣɫֹͣ˿ԡ






181

ׯôˣ֮УһƬɻֱֱ̧ȥȴСƳһֱĶܷܷ

һǳƵһӭ¶С޾գǳЦȻȴڸǲü䣬Ĩ

ת˲֮䣬ӺЩʲô΢΢չһĻȣȴǶĺ棬ׯλǣĽƣĿȴĶܷܷ

̽ʻһƮĽĶܷܷϬ񣬴żֿ˵Ķ·һ۾ܿ˵ĸΡ

壬ãԺչˡܷܷЩڣҲ򶨣ϾйʮϷģֳϵӦȻӦ䣬ĵӦ֡

ǡ

յѾߡĽƻͷһĶִܷܷϣӵ⡣

һ̧ţ̤ɽׯţܷܷһͷ㲻ظȥҲŶ߽ɽׯš

˷ɽׯĽƺܷܷܿȥɽׯλҽסɽׯɽһܸԵ֣𲻻

֪ǲǰýҲҽε˼

Ըȴǹ񲣬һͯϲıϲЩЦɵ¡

˵ϲڷһɽ軨˵ȽᣬӢһЩ

ȻЩСϸڶܷܷǺ֪ġ

û뵽ŹֵˣһۣŹֵĶܷܷʱͶϲĲˣȻҪݳãҪ֮

ֻܷܷôһ˲ܿЦŴӦˣ˱ɽ⣬Ϊ㣬Ϊ֤ͬҼҰ㣬˰ӡ

Ľȴɵ㶵ʱ䣬Ŀɿڴʯԭأá

⣬ȴһƬ֪ĻݶٵţΪأªĶ˼

һƣһܴӰվԡһƬɫ֮£ůůɫΪ˼Ĩĺг

Ϊ֤Ϊǽ𲻻ȹ£̧ͷһԵĶܷܷҽ𲻻ԸλФңݳΪãиͬ

ܷܷһɣֱ㳶һѺڰ䣬Щ׵ķ˿ϼһƾʲôиʱһѵʱȴҪ

׳հһס

ιιҰѾͷ죬Ե˿ʹ࣬ĵ֣һ£ɽţʲôѣ˵ʲôѣҲģȻԼŰѵ˵㻹˼Һһ𶥲ɡ

һ˵ĵҲмƺЩΥ˽ݵĳԡ

Ȼµѣ㻹ҽݸʲôһۣ֣㣬һԵĲݴ˦ȥݯһ£վߣҲˣ㰮ⲻ⣬ҿҲûǸ£Ϲݰݣ͡

תȹڷзȻѷɫȵƮݣ

һ۵ĹҲô۵˲䡣

ܷĽڼĸʱ򣬾Ȼڷţ֪ô˴Ƶġ

Ȼ׼ڲصĴʱﻹʮЩζġ

ܷܷõǧѵ˵ôò֣ˡ

Ǳײ֪ʲô˼֮ǰĽΣ̸Ҳʲô£϶ҲѲ˹ϵ

һɽׯľͷ췭ظı仯վ֮ʱȣ˷ľ൱Ķӡ

̫ʣ̫ĲؽţеЩ͸Ҫߡ

ˮ֮ǵĽֵȾѷɫȴɫһˮϢʲô벻ˮԵķҲǼˮԵݷζ

ܷܷԳԵĶһǺֻҪζˣϷɵģܵģˮεԡ

˼Ǻ«תļ󣬻ͷΣȴԲе׷ȴδȫˡ






182

ˣȫˣһɽׯһжˡ

ݺݵҧһǱǺ«󡱶ܷܷߺ޵ؾ׽ţֻɽСۣҲԸ³ΪʲôأΪ˵ͬʱҲʹԼäĿ֪

ѾĲɵˣû뵽˱ĲɣȻӭײˡ

̧һƣһССкһ˫۾ӵʱȴԵЩ㡣

ΪײԼԭ£һʱҲûô⣬ϣ֪ô¡

Բ𡱵ǸĻδ䣬ӰȴܵԶ

ι鲻̫õĶܷܷ뷢ǸӣҲԼǫֻԶţıӰһۣҲԸƵؽЩͲǶԹȫȥ

ַ̧˷ǰ½һ˳䣬ЩԾٵͷһǴӱǮ׶ˡ

Сӣ͵ͷˡҲȥĴһ£˭һܷܷᾢ̧űС͵ߵķ׷ȥ

ιô·ģû۾;ȴΪһ׷¼ϣСײһλСϡ

ֻܷܷؽһƳȴǸδüת뿪ˣģʲôδ壬ԼֻǵǸŮӣΪŨصζǸŮӵݡ

ȴ֪Ҳôһײȴպ˲Сѡ

һ·׷ȥû뵽С͵ͦܵģ׻˵ĺãǿѹͷߣܷܷṦٺãǶĵȴ죬ǱСƵΰأʧ˷

ҿ飬δһ·׷ˮ⡣

ķᣬȳڣ룬ΰеֻϡɣСķᣬ뷿֮䣬ҲûʲôԵЩҡ

СϣӲݴڹϥǣһ紵ľҡΣɳɳ䣬⽼ľӳĵЩ

бͶڵ¼ĨӰܷܷפȴʧС͵Ӱһɥ̾һǷϵصһԵĲݴη紵ķסգȴڸǲеʧ⡣

ȡ΢ĵͺͻȻһԵĲݴĳ˵֣ҲСȣץüľ˿ʹ

ѰȥȴһѪˣſڵأò

èǰһܴҲ̫£Ū֣̲סЩ

֪ǻǻ˻˵ǸˣǱץԵúܻ

ôһ֪̽ʹ

ӡڿӵòһǾƲ񷣬ŵҡͷ

ݯһ뿪ȴȻץߵĽŲʱס

ٿϵȴ˲ı⣬֣ϣһ飬ҪѰҽҩȴʧֻѰ˼

ιҽҩ̧ţЩһ£ɵϲ

ôߣô£ϵĴԾû

ӣ˰죬ý˵زƺЩѲ˸ϵ

ųȥҥԣҲҲͲܱãڤկ֮

һĵʣԼǷӦķһ£һΣ˵ҩˣôȥοᣬû湻

ι֡˰ڱץסȣҽŪȥȻٰôҲ˾֮֮󣬾ͽҩҰɣҸһСʱ俼ǣ㻹ûĻǾЭɣһãûʾӦˡ

ˣԵĴĻƵģȻӦȴɿץסȵ֡

ܷܷ˰죬õɣɻ㽫ϵ˸һ˾סĿ÷ᡣ

ܷܷŴӣܿڸҽݣһλΪˣҩλžȥ





183

ʱĺܿ죬̫ûת۱㵽ʮ֡

ԶȥǷĳ򣬵ƻԻͣȴûһյΪȼġ

ˮӺµȴԾɻԣ۾

ˣȰɣܷܷ׼õһˮι˼ڣû

ܷܷЩ֦һһѻôǽߣĬĬ˴һϡ

䣬գۣµһֿʼˡ

գ͸ָһĹбͶҳڹ裬̰˯˶

ǷܷܷűӴ˯оѣվ̧ͷȥŷ־ȻѾˡ

Ŵ˸

иͣԵúǿ

ôȻһӴֿߡ

ܷܷһϲ֪Ǵˡ

ˣתܹȥʵ˼ϲ

֪᲻Լҩ

ϣԶҪ𣿡˵Ƿ⣬ȴڲز۵Ц⣬ܼ˿ϲġ

ǿȻԼ

Ԯ֣ȣôô˵һۣҲܣسŵҩ֣̯ǰҪ

ոһƬãȻԵЩĪʲôŵ

˵˵ģҰκˣ͸һĽҩ۾ʱһ˿⣬°ͣô˵

˵Եʱ˵ĻôһӡҲûС

ץץһͻӣԵЩ㣬̧ȷʵ˵Ļ

ã㲻ϣǰɣҲһʵܷܷ˲ɫ峺У¶еĺণԵʱҲ˰մ裬ҽҩһ֮ˣҲ

ʵ⻰ڲģ֪ܴܲﵽЧ

㡭ɫ˲亮룬ֱɨȥȴʲôԶҩЩ˽ģһ̽¶Ļ˻ɡ

ʣⶾʲôףʱĶԾ΢΢

΢΢һ飬ʮֿ϶¶֮£ԣĿĴĽҩ

ܷܷʱü۾ԽԽСȻЦȻĻȣǴǴζͲŵĺӣԼᶨض϶Ц

һˬѵ˵ʶԼĻвݯһվȹʱɢһ俪ڳ¶Сƻˡ

΢΢һĸ©һģɫʱɫȾ˼Ĩů⡣

촽һĨпЦ򶨵ػصûʲôرףһҩͻ߿Ѫö㱻ʶƣҲҪװȥжͶ

Ƴ۱õ˿ڣȻ̧Ĭ˰죬źЦãҸҩ

Щţӻ̫ǿѹеĿϲ

ٴε£֣̯ǰǣɣ

ûСصļ򵥶ɴ࣬˵꾹˻ȥ

ŵܷܷĻϲΪ԰ˣȴǵõ˵֣ŭһվսȭؿ

ĳӲĻ޲ãһǱĿµˡ

죬ջðǾͬھˡ˵꣬Ҫתȥ

һ̾ŲԶ٣ֿƵٶ𣬡ҩûϣס˽ҩȥ㣬㽻

ɽׯϣ㲻ҪʧԡǿѹϲͷһƳȻҲˡ

˵գٲκͣת˲䣬εֳõЦ⣬̤ĲһֻȻĺѶȥ








184

ߵ⣬̧ͷ죬ƺرģҲǸƺƮݣСܿ˿̵Ҳ

̫ˣˣ

˹ͷȴǴų

ӰƮԶֻģһ㣬ҫ۵һ⣬ůġ

û뵽Լ

ܷܷܺõһ·ţżϵС񴵴ڣкʱһƲĲݶС

ȻھһƬСֵʱһЩֵ̧ͷԶȥķֵЩԥ֪Ǹúȥ쿴һֵʲôֱӣ߹ȥ͵ˡ

ԥʱһĺʹ࣬ƻЩѹ֡

˺ҪҪȥأ

üվ˼ţԼ˳ɹİж١

ȡŮӺһ˸߹һˣʱʱ಻ԾҲһʹȻټôģ塣

̧ţǷ￿һЩ

ûͿһĿ/һ棬Ůڲһżҵ/ս

ӵȥһ룬¶˲Ǻǿ׳ıŮȴң¶ǰһƬô⣬ѩ׵/棬ײ

Ů»ںУͷϵķڳҫεǴϸգͦ/ĶҲŷϸ΢죬ŮӵĻĵ糿Ⱦĸ欣ɿ顣

ܷܷǻȻҵĶˣʱɵۣʩ˶㣬վﶯá

̵ģ⡭ԭ

ԽԽĶŮӽеĸӴӲң˫۲Ծرӵļ磬Ⱦź޵ޢָףϻһģҵĺѪӡŸĴĿġ

ȴĽץԵԽԽ˷ܣ/ĶԽңʼҰްĵͺ𣬾˸ЪϢ

ŮӵòƤ𪣬ȻһЩͣȴĺܺãǸ껪ȥ̴ˣҲŸʵķӯӵĶֻܾСӣڳţš

Աûӡ

ŮӵһУӿٵŮӻƣ˴˵Ƶߵ˹ȴû£ֻǽŮӱϣҲôһ˲öܷܷò

һͨĹǸҪˣϵҲ⣬Ψһرľ˫ϸ۾ҹӥޣű঵Ĺâ￴

ʱҲվڲԶȴûоţҲͣ¶ֻǽ۾гһ죬һ˿߿

ҡ첻ˡŮȴȫܷܷĴڣƬʴǵ鳱УΧһʧȥ˸еľ

ޣޣޡܷܷתȥ浹ùһ֪ʲôˣһϲҰ⹶ϵĹŮ

ôôҺˣÿζôòͷ

Ǳ˰˰£Щôʧȥ˸е֮߳ġ

һ·ҡͷ̾Ϣֱ뷱ֵĴ֣ܷܷŽǲĿһĻ

֣ﲻĴܷܷУлǲЩʧһҹδ飬ҲѰûԼǰҪ

뵽˴飬ʱٶȵ䣬ҲԵЩأ·ƺܼܿѣҲߵĺࡣ

ֱĨϤɫӰȻٶת硣

ĽƣĽơܷܷϲվȺжżѰʲôĽ֡

ңңһϲȺԼֵת˲ȴֽ£ٵ˹ȥȥˣ֪֪






185

ңңһϲȺԼֵת˲ȴֽ£ٵ˹ȥȥˣ֪֪

ĽƣøŶĻӵѵĻһϽĵ˲͡

ңȥˣĺܵģһ϶ң˫ۣҲ˳ӿĴ֣Ҳӵסɢӣž̤ʵЩ

ռȥ֪̫ãΪȥߣͻ׼׷ģ;ȴһЩ޷

ʱ򣬲ȴȻûֻʱŻһȥѰȴûһͷĴѰһҹΪˣ뿪ˡ

Ĵ˹䡭̧ͷЦż򵥵ĴĿؽᴹ£ҪҪ˵ӵأǹڷկôͷˣǲҪ˵ˣġ

ңС峺ˮӣ֪֪жൣģԺҪˣ֪ί㣬̧֣˷紵ҵһᾡ͵˵ǵġٴӵӽԼȵţƽŹȵǿġ

ܷܷɵأͷ῿ůţ˿̣Ψһƣã

ңҪ뿪𣿡ĺ£һ뿪

ҴӦ㣬۷ʲô£Ժ󶼲뿪ġ·ǰ;һƬãԵʮּѣһ̣¶һҪֵס

ңһỽǧһоڲС

ơĻӦҲǰǧ˴˵Ľһ

һӣе˺£ڣʱһֹ̾һƬķۺ죬ǽӵƬķۺŲһУʣµֻǱ˴˵ͺ

ãá

·Ľ۹⣬صĽƾѣȡȡƿεظɿңǿЩȥɣ˵䣬ǣů֣õĴУͷסһǽŵð

ܷܷӦһ˳ӵظĲĻϲӣ̵ĻһֱδƽҲ۲ѵġ

ƣںġ

߼䣬ϲѵ̧͵һԵӣʵӣȾĨײĺΣȴ࣬Ŀбӵһֱǰ

ܷܷ͵Ц̫ɰˣȻǰĺߣô࣬ÿɰŶ

ƣҺϲ㡱ıףȻȻѿڶ

һΪԤ׵ף˲ǵͨ죬Ŀ۵Ц绨εͬһ俪ĺģۣġ

ƣһҪϲһ㣬ϲŶż⣬ϣ˵

ȵϢϸϸеļϣòģдһ˿

ǵľٶʱպ˶ӣ䲻𻰣ץȴԽࡣ

Ļشһġ

첻̫Ϊůţ

첻䣬Ϊů֣ա

ͣ,˪Ҷڶ»

ǷҶڶ»ʱ򣬷ɽׯɽһƬ羰ķ֡

ܷܷϾʱ򣬾ϲߣվ۾ҶɳɳǰĶһ׶ĸҥġ

գܷܷĽƷͱλǰڴſڵסˡ

Фңжξ˹վǰסȥ·

ܷܷͻȻסԼȥ·ΪԸеһ˿ãȴɫü˳۵ʵ壬кηԸ

Ϸ롱ЦŴϬɨ©κһϸ΢ı仯ŮӣЩ򵥡

Ȼ£ޣҲЩ֦չĹСѷɫʱ¶˿뵭ȻȴһŮ߱ġ









186

Ȼ£޼򵥣ҲЩ֦չĴСѷɫʱ¶˿뵭ȻȴһѰŮ߱ġ

զ֮£ǸοˣϲƽѾͷϸ۲죬΢ü䣬֣ᷢһĨײĹ̹֮ȻҲһ˼ҵŮӣܾ߱ʡ

ԣ򵥣ׯ֮䣬޷ڸǵĲ⣬ˣһۼɿֻǲ崩ˡ

εĲ򵥣ҶԷɽׯʲôͼôһŹˣͻԷɽׯĹ塣

Ϸô֪˵ĴڵģܷܷϷڵƽ׾Ӷȥһ·ϵ˼Ϸټνµԭ

Фңﵽˡһѣ˼

ŶǳЦӦ̧ɨһܡ

˷һʰĺܸɾļԺ䣬ǽһЩӣ죬ҶΡ

𣬿ѽվżߵСشߴţɨһڴ֮ܵһ˿ĹâϷ˺أȥɣ䣬̧ţ̤˽ȥ

ˣܷܷһӦ̧ţ첽˽ȥ

ݺİԺһ򵥣ȴ¡

һλ׿ԽĹ˶̫ʦϣվһλŮ󸾸ʵޣȴֻһֻ򵥵װΣȴʧ߹󣬾µ٣Ƥĺܺã˲²䡣

ξŮΣһλѵõĴˣǷޣβƵˮԲµõʱ򣬻Ƕôǡ

ƸŮӣλŮڶܷܷ̫ʦϵĹ˵ʱ˹ΧתһȦϸϸҴһһ˿ģܷܷеĪļ⡣

С㣬Фңվܷܷص

ŮЩõصһۣ˼𣿡ָ̧ŵĶܷܷ˵ʵٽɨһѵǸưͣ˵Ҫ˶졣

˭ưأ̵ģСѾͷ̫֡

Ů֪⻹ĺҲ²⣬Щŭ˶ܷܷȴɫҲСʻǰһ˫ֵʣӣϵĹһ֪ϷˣūʲôԸ

ڹٻ֮ҵ˵ּӣеڣǶģֻǱϹʱǸɵӣҲ⡣

ƷǱ裬ȴûϻӦܷܷ⣬̧վһЩεԸûʲôˣȥɣӺȴһɲ˺ӵϡ

䣬ӻӣа֣һ뿪ơ

ǡӦһת˳ȥٵſڵʱȴػͷվĶܷܷƳۣܿʧƽ׾ӡ

뿪գʱ䣬Щѹ֣ȻѹֻԶܷܷ˵˿ɲôãһеؿĹӣһŵƷŲ裬ȫӶܷܷ˵Ĵڡ

ǲܷܷҲճĬ˷꣬ĿһϢѹȸС

죬ܷܷʵЩ̲סˣټôĵĺȥ̧ţ׼ǰһǹڿ˽ڣǰĶס

Ȼһλ־Ůӡ

̧ܷܷ󵨵ӭĿ⣬ĻصллϷ˿佱ٶһûʲôԸū澾͸ˣׯǱ߻ūȥأ

ŮЦһƸˣõ㣬㵹ǺܻᳶѰ

ܷܷȴҲţ΢ﴽǣǳЦȻػصСɾ˵ˣΪׯˣū澵ĲŸӦüظλȴĹ׼ʱ

˵ܷܷ꣬һЦСƵƣҲ飬ݵ˵ӦȻڻ¡

㡭ŮյĲУһʱȴֲ֪ʲôָֻֽ㣬ȴ˵һ仰









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ܷܷȴɲƵһЦЦȻһŵĻ

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ߣ֪⿴ƽ׽˵Ϸˣʲô£ⲻھˣҿ׼ŲͻȻѵŵ

̧ܷܷӭ˹ȥǹ˴űŭϬ;ȴԵӣū޶ۣū澲֪ԼʲôϷʾ

Цõǧѵһ̫Ųɡ

˵㾹ĿĴƶ§д£ˤ²豭Ϻõϸյһˤ˷飬һصƬеɫ֦ͷˣҶ֪ǷǷɽׯĴɻ䣬֮

˵ɫ˲ޱ䣬Ѳŵƽ޲ɫڳϴʼ̵ĻûŶܷܷġ

ԭڤ˵ЩĲԣɽׯķ˲õĽЩΪѵİҲûԭģʱòĹ˺ڳɫõ֤

ܷܷҲǱŴģֻҪ϶£жٵļ裬ҲԷ

ҲףϷǹ֮Ӻ˵𡱶ܷܷŲæ̬ʵ

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ϼһȻô˽ԼĶӣ֪Īĸ

ϷˣãԱ˵ǹң仹ʲôԡǰһ𴽽ǶǹЦ˿аȣƽģϷʵѵ˵Ϸ˴Ӳׯ§Ϊ𣿡

㡭㡭㡭ǹˣδϵһŮӾʳ˴󵨣¶ǵĻЩֲһ˲䣬ɫɷףʧɫһûЩվȣһµ̫ʦϡ

Ҫ¼ѾͷšŮæǰͷŭǺЦĶܷܷŮ˵˵ƸŲϲ㣬δķˣ˭ϲģ롱

ߣܷܷһԵЩؽƳһۣǲǳ룬ǿɲС˵㡱̶ĻûϷˣһϷûʲôԸūȥæˣϷ˱壬Ҫ̫ˣӡ

⿴ưοĻʵһµ˼

ϷǺεȴϻ֮ˣܲе˼ɫʱӲҰףȫʣֵ̧ŭ㡭㡭ҹ

ܷܷϵĻŭЦϷˣ뱣أӣǿɾͲˡ̣ȴǸ

˵գһЦ˶˷ŭһתȻȥĶȹ󻮳һĻߣŮ˵ۡ

ŮһƸϲġŶܷܷԶȥıӰ޺޵зġ

Фңһ󵨷ŮӣϷȻȥӰЦһҵϱûôס

ȥĶܷܷһ·϶˼ţҵʲôĹأϷΪεһۼͲϲأһʲôԵɡ

ĻҲ˵ʮΣ˵ĽֻϲδķˣѵδķͶ𣿿ĽȷĸԼûжװһеô£׸˭Ļ

ϷˣҪͬԼĽƵ£ѣ£ƼˣͰıӹߣһ˽ȥ

ߣܷܷɲֻ۸ίȫŮӣûţ

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ĽƵ

ңǵȻٵҽȥɣĽҩûСĽ

ҽ̫ˣȥطϢǴôû֣ˣҲúõĲ˰ɡ







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ңôˣ˭𣿡߹̧֣ļʵ

ʻСĴ˶ܷܷһʱ䣬ֻһίɫʱһʣ

㲻Ҫ˽Ȼ˵ҹ㣬Ҷӵ֮ҿɳܲ𣡡˵䣬ǰЩ롣

Ľһôˣѵ˸˵ʲôĻôңǲ˸˵Щʲô

ѽ

ֱܷܷӾͽеĻش˵ǣ̧ŵǵʱȴԲԵĻһ仰ûУġΪѡ

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˵ԼҲûʲô˵˵ѣԼԼҲαذΪء

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ܷܷ˿죬Բ𣬼̶չնõһЦҪʹڸǹȥҡҡͷ˵ûоûУΪôô

ȵԼӹǹӲʰɣûԼ

ң

ׯϷ˺ׯ㵽ǰһ÷Ľƻ˵ʲôͻȻֵϣδ

š֧ѽһĽƷűƿŴЦͰȻ

һվĽĶܷܷЦŶĽƹ˵ׯϷ˻ԸλФңһȥ˵գǶܷܷصһЦת뿪ˡ

ô֪ңģѵ˸˵ʲôȻ˷رԸҪԼһȥԶȥıӰĽƳʣͷһĶܷܷȴҲԶȥıӰ

ңһǶܷܷȴ˼ûд

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ңڻعȴԵЩͣʲô𣿡

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ҪȻһָԼһҪҥǰȥǰңҲԵ޹ʵıӰ񣬷

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Ľ΢΢һ⻰ʲô˼ѵڹԼûǼ

ңĽƿ첽׷˳ȥٸ˵ʲôʵʲôѾߣҶزϣΪ˱ӣҲûˡ

һ·ϣ˶˵ԵúǳĬ֮գһγ˲гһļȴķ϶㣬ؽ˸˿ȻǷ϶ԶҲ󣬵ȴĴš

ڳĬԽµĲߵĺܿ죬һǱǰĽƵʱԣŮһ

ƶλܷܷйһνĹˣһĽƵӰ֣ϲվֻ

硱Ľһ˹ȥһһǴк

Ľƣ°ɣһλӢߣ΢Цкܷܷ²⣬ܾнеǸ

һϮɫͭǮӡۣԵúǸ߹޼ĺɽӣΪԵЩݣ˼ִ֮ɫ

ܷܷʱҲὫƳһۣƽɫ޲˿κ

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ܷܷվ̧ɨȥһλĽòЩƵӣϽĵԵúܽӲ

üڵĿֱͦıǣԸеıǣһװīֻһдذţһ࣬˸һ֮С

һλɼŮӣòҵͦΣˮһ̽׵ĺ̶͸һɶ˵ޡ

ܷܷӣеӡǵŮӣǴѡһˣǸԣµŮӡ





189

ǣôܵɽׯأеϤˣܷܷͲ⽫࿴ۣĽƴ֮Щ˵ȴҲԵúԶ

ֵ֣֪֮գܷܷüԵЩᣬ档

ܣλѾߣû뵽ǿӦǲôϲ˵ˣȴ˱Ե˿аȵضĽЦš

ĽƼв˵Ŀӣһ٣˲ֱܷܷͦ󣬸оһ˿š

ĽӦһһڲˣٶ˵һֵӡ

ĽƵĴ磬̧Ķܷܷ´һ󣬴ŵ٩˵ܣû뵽㾹˵޸ȥתһȦͿԼôƯѾ߻ոҲȥһ£ܲˡ

磬עԴǡĽƵϵѵĺֳһ˿á

磬Ϻ˹ȥ¹̫ԶˣܹšĽƵҥվСĵĵ⣬ʹɫԸ

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ǵģĸҲ̫ϲԺʣллĸĺ⡱ԣصֽ̧ϺҥǷȥǲĸ԰ɣ

ǶܷܷȴδϺƿʹؿˮ

ҥһЦ޵ǸµĺúӣĳЩˡ

˵Ȼͣ£ܷܷɨһۣȴǶĽ˵ƶѾ߿ϲ˫۾ˮģ͸Ź϶ǸѾͷ

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ҥˣüĿɫȴЦ绨ļ˵ƶɲԣΪʱ䣬ȱĵѾͷͦãͦ⡱

ĽһɫԵЩΪѣû뵽Ҫ󣬡⡭ңңŵɽׯʲôҲ²װɣ

Ƹģʲôĵط԰վȴһ˿ա

ãƶô˵ˣȥɣҥԾĽƷĻᡣ

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ʲôǣﺬİôѵҪѾͷ㶼᲻ø𣿡

ĽվѣȴҥһԴϣ˵꣬ݳ߼ѵ־۽ǣá

ĽƣС¾İźˡ˵ȴ˲ݾܾΥķ

ȻĽƱ㲻ٳֻЩ˵ҳԱˣá˵գʹŶܷܷ뿪ǰ

㿴㿴ĶӣҪ˸Ѿߣ͸ΪɫҥָĽԶȥıӰԵ챧ԹһĲѵģ

㻹ò˰Էû޲ʳôô໰һǳ⽫ŵһ㶣϶Է

ա

ܷܷշϵľľȥƽ׾Ӹࡣ

ˡ̧ܷܷʵϷˣˣ𣿡

ɣڴҥǺȴӺ

֧ѽһܷܷŶ룬û뵽ȴؾ˷УбǽĶܷܷһۣüѵʲôʱˣ֪֪Ѿ߸еĻ֣

ܷܷһƲһ̯ƽػص֪Ϊûɹ

㡭ȫԼеİ̬ȣ˲ᡣ

ˣԺ̣ȹͷɣѴ룬ͭǰȺҥԸ

ܷܷķԸĥĥ˹ȥӣ

һᡭ

һҵĴУ˷ɽׯ峿

žеҥ䲻ػףǶܷܷһ⣬ôͷģڵϵһ˿۵صǽͷǽ㳶ҵͷ






190

ܷܷһ˸ȦŻյգŭ.

㡭ţҴҡһ¼ȥһԵļͷɿҥͷϣ꣬ꡱҼһ

ãţҽңͺͷ߼µ

ס֡ҥһȣһеļȴһȥһ˿ڽ£ۣŭѡ

ҲǸɫû뵽ǶܷܷҶɽׯĸ˴󵨣һʱóѡ

ɶѾͷҥһ֣ٸǶܷܷһ⣬ǳԹһοĶܷܷﻹᱻٴ򵽣һָ˻ȥ

󵨵Ѿͷһ!!ҥŭŭ𳹵ױ˲䣬ͬŭĶܷܷһš

˵书£ֻһһӰڷѷ֡

ᱻ˲ľޱ䣬Ŀɿڴ˰죬㳯еιˣˡ

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ֱĨ¶ӰģһƵ㣬ڳԵôļȡ

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׷ȥĽƣĽлֻԶ˽ŲȴûĻۻ

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ң׷ȥĽƣһ˵ɬ̶Ƕܷܷĺ⣬Ҳ͸һ֡

ѾͷƶϲôǲԼ˵ȢȢ㣬ɽׯӣûһǿԼģ㻹ſá

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˵Ůӱ׵ģǵһҲҪףѵҪĸϻܼ֮޸



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ǽ𲻻Ͱѽ쿴ѽȫ˸飬ȷѳ

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Լܷܷ°ͣ˼

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룬ȴͻȻһУȻĳЩ飬һεؽء

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ֵۣѪһƬʺ죬˴Ŀġ

ܷܷʶģ䣬оԼһƬѪ㼯ĺУ޴ĿѪˮӿۣģ㣬㲻ȴв

޷Ŀ־壬Ʒ裬ҶһӵĽŲͺо˳

ŮӵһУ˳Ρ

ɱˡ



ȶܷܷԺ۾ʱﾹվһˣŵͲ졣

п֣Χ۵Ů١ܷܷʱΧ˸ˮйͨ

⡭ʲôط𣿡֧ŶͷԺʵ

Ȼ䷢ЩԾΪʲôôѪ

ѪѪΪʲôôѪһСˣǲ֪ΪΣԼѪʱȴǴδйĿ־塣

񶾵ŮˣڶܷܷſеѪʱһŮ˺ؾ˹˰½󣬺˴

ΪʲôҪɱҼ๫ǸԹ޳𡣡

ɱˣ๫ܷܷǸոﻹЩ磬Ժ

㲻״ԵЩľܨãȻ޴ؽɨۣŷԼԾһѪˣֵǣԼҪҵֻΣȻӵĲϣѪӿġ

ĽôĲϣҪֻΣڤ͸붪

Ů˺ʬһšһľƵĶ̧ͷ׼˿ȥһ̣ȴƵĸ˸ʵ

ڶܷܷԺ㲻״±㱻˰ˮţɱɷݡ





200

ˮţһ򵥵ʲ󣬱Ƕܷܷ

ԭˣҪϷܷܷɱ˵ǽΣΪ֤ݣ֤Χ۵ȺڣǼϷܷܷ

ΪܷܷΪϷĲŻɱ˵ġ

ûиܷܷκαĻᣬͽɱ˷Σж󴦾նʾڡ



һеĹʣǿҪѺ㱻䶪ɭĴΡ

ҹ

һ˿¹͸˽ĿոָγһĹηһ˿

ηһСӾǽǣֱ۱ϥڽ˯ˣûûΣǿ̬Ķܷܷ

硪ܷܷϮ羪ѣҹ⽥ŨյδУ͸ӵĺˡ

̧ͷηΨһ͸ĴȥԼɼӰ

̯Ѫ˫ֵֵ̧֣Ķˡö

ֶ¹ϸ۲һɫѪİɫ£͸żϢηùζϳһɳŵζ˼Ż¡

ܷܷһŻ֮󣬾վӣЦ

Ц࣬ηþûصɢЦžҹԵø⣬ˡ

ҪǣЦ˺η﷢˵Ŀ־˼֡

û뵽ܷܷϢˣԼ֪ԼȻ˯нɱ

ηڶܷܷ͵˵Ҫ߲ѣֻȴӡ

⣬²ǶҲϡɣ˸ǼſһӣĽŷʵ

Ľơܷܷ֣ҪȥǶõӣȴԵôңɼ


ĽƣĽƣ֪ں㣬һӿˮӿ

ԭ£еǰ㣬ô׷£ȻԼѣ뽾ȴ̲סĵ׵Ƿݼ¶ôôǣ£ĳ

˼糱ˮϮȴޱìܣϣҲܼԼ˼ԼͬʱȴϣǣҪټԼŲʹɣ

ԣŲӣΪûãҪҪȥ

ȻһŲٽηŽŲٽܷܷȴǣҲͷȥ

ңּˡӵԵ˿˷ܣȴᡣ

ɶֻܷܷǳճյŴ¶Ҳ֪˭˿̵̫⣬һﶼʧȥ˸еȤ

šһᣬ⾡֡

ǣӣװɣһЩΪѵԴŵӡ

žôĵӣѵүĻҲ𣿡ܷܷĴڣĻͷ

ֳֻѵӳ£֪ĶӶˣŽȻڶܷܷǰ



ʲôԼӵСҸİࡣ

ܷܷ˫оһɫҲȻòȥ

ŴүФң㲢ɣôʲôѵɱ¼ʲôϵ

ʣηţ˼֡

ңɾ˵ˣҺҹӣҲׯֵ꣬ѾߣҲҶĳ˵ѣô˵졣

ЦŻصһֺõڨЦ˵жᣬжᡣ

˵ĵڣֻѵһĽηŴ򿪣ˣ˽ȥ־ٻѽں

£Գȥˡ˻üƨ䣬Ը

ǣү

žһ죬ԵóɵĻ

ܷܷοˣ֣صһ⣬ǴصһǶ⡣












201

ܷܷοˣ֣صһ⣬ǴصһǶ⡣

䱻ðǣ죬Щͷתű׵գǸŭԣűͲô˴Խѿˡ

ˣüȥкâֳ֣һ˿֮

Ǻ˵񣬽Ǳ䣬ŵ˫ȲԾر㵯޻磬ҲͣƬ̣»ѣŭ£ػæӣһͻʲôΣƵġ

ߺջĿ⣬ɨ촽ЦĶܷܷ϶˼ֺõЦ⡣

ңܿˡ

ܷܷŤͷƳһۣ𴽽ƤЦѽҡϵʱöҾúܺ棬طҾʺҾ޵ġ

䣬ҲǶ˾ɫһƨɵǽǣʹõĲݶϣԵڣͲεģȼٵİ㣬Եúǿ

ûֽ֮ˣеı

ңټĽŮӢۡ˵仰ƨɺܴ

ʵﻹЩǰŮӣǴ²ĵ̬ȣжĽְ֮˼֡

Ӣ۲ҵΪҴûҪȥʲô£Ҫһڡ

ץһѵݣţŴүô𽵹ңΪ˵Щ޹ʹĻɣҶǴˣʲôͰ˵ᣬЩŪ飬Ĩ˵ˡ

һʲôˣԼҲʲô¡

ˬ죬Ҿϲӣ̫ԱүζˡˣеǰǬȣŵ˵

˭֪ȴǶܷܷһĪĴЦ

˱ЦһĪܿ죬ҲͬǰЦ

ǣҹӵЦ쳹δ˴ĳ

죬ܷܷͻȻͣЦɫʵЦʲôɵӡ

ǹЦʲôˣҲͣЦʵ

´ҪɣЦЦ޾ͿޣΨҶ𡣡ܷܷ˸ݣһǽǡ

˵ģ˵ģ˵ҵǷ˼ﴽǹһ˿аЦһԡ

ޣ˭һԣҪ

ܷܷаȴɫ𣿡üӭаôôѿôأ

˵ǶˣŭЦԣʲô׻˵ĺðвŮò˵䣬˶ܷܷ򢣬ֻҪﳤĺÿͿˣ˵γѿֻҪ˱ϰߡ

̧ܷܷ֣Ĺ٬ӣֳ˼ֱŭʲô˵ڷϻ˵ͿҪ˯ˡ˵꣬죬˸Ƿеˡ

벻ȥջӣʵ

ܷܷػصټϻˡ

Ϊȷʵ

ȥҿ԰㣬ǡ˵˴ͻȻֹŪͣﴽڴߵһĨЦΪǶܷܷᰴ˼·Ȳ׷ȥ

˭֪Σȴʧˡ

Ƕܷܷ˸ĹǷŶɣҶûʲôȤ

Ƕû뵽˵ĶԻȫԤ֮һɫ仯ˣѵľͲô

£µЩ°˳˯˵䣬Ƕܷܷ˵Ƕ䵾ϣ۾

ңֻҪԸңұԱ㲻ųȥ֮ࡱǲģ˵ԼеĿġ














202

˲ÿĶˣûΪңԸһΡֻҪԸңұԱ㲻ųȥ֮ࡱǲģ˵ԼеĿġ

ɫߣİ࣡

ôûߣ

Ļһ´ӲݶǳǱ뻹ᣬҶ˵Ȥˣ㻹߶û̫꣬Ƶģˣ

㡭ǶҲЩŭˣָɫΪѿ˵

û뵽Լ˸ջȻᱻһڻؾͲ

ʲô㣬ٲߵĻ಻ţһɱ㡱ʱӣﴽЦаȣɱһ˺ɱˣһǷҲٶɱһ࣬Ϊ˵䣬ǽǵһƬƽЩ

㡭㡭˺󼸲Щˣˣã㾴ƲԣԷƣҿӲʱ˦˦䣬Ƕ˱ؼβҲƵģȥ


ܷܷǿƬȥֻһȴûҵڵˤ˸

˵⣬ܵĿ졣

û뵽Ƕˣգղɣԡ

ʵηͲڶӵ˵ʤް

ɱİ࡭

ܷܷһ죬һ죬ҹʮ֣ѵǷˣȥȥᱻ

ºڷߣܶһƬĵڣеֻżļʱʱޣĻ㱡

ܷܷڵηǰֽηϹҵǰѴŪȴͻȻںڰдһϤ

ô͸ץˡڰһģӰ˹ڶܷܷǰͣ¡

һ̣ڰУͻ֣ž磬ֻѵһǹ㱻˿ϡ

ӣ㡭ôˣܷܷһ󼤶˵ԵЩ͡

ΣܻǸ˾Ǵӣû뵽˵֪֪ͼ

Ҳ󱿵ˡ˵֣ɱߡ

һ·ֵǣͨ裬ܷܷв²⣬ڴӽʱ򣬾ѾЩ˸ˡ

ЪڽһƷ

ʰЩӵһѻխСƾɵķӣΪԭ˲ãů

ӣô֪ڴܷܷڻԱɻʵ

ӳϣ΢΢ԾţΪҹ˼ʸУůñʵԽˣ˿Ʋߡ

ӣ㻰أôشɵˣ

ܷܷһʻڽӵ־أǿѹеļ¶ԸɿŸոյ񣬡ֵģҪٽҴӡֽ̧ͷһǣüеˡ

ιҪҵͷòã䱽ġܷܷűùĵطԹƤһ۵㻹ǲ˰ôԶִŮأ

ֱŮ˾͸ôѣȻɵûȡ֣ҪǱõĵطܷܷȴΪãæƫͷȥ㿪ˡ

ӣڰգЩΣ

ιб³ˣͲ˵𣿡ܷܷһ󷴲ڮ١

Ů˲ſɶž̧֣λˣǽӣǽˣճ£һš֣Խҳ´磬š

Цˡ

Ǵӽһû˵꣬ͱܷܷЦϣɫһĪűЩջҪǶܷܷһƣȴɵضˡ

û˵ĴһƣǻЦĲĶܷܷŭЦʲôŮˣ

ѵ־ôЦ

ǰֻһСܣɽկʱֻҪһ˵Լ֣ﶼϲôЦ





203

˴Ǳû˸Ҵȡˣÿż˵ʱû©΢Ĵǣͱ

ôЦһˣȻȡ²ŵ֣˵Ҳ̫˵ɣ䣬ܷܷһĴЦǴޱȵơ

Цˣ˶Ҫˣ㻹Цĳ

ȡǾ仰ȻЧܷܷͣЦ㱻ԼĿˮǺЩŤĵ˵˵ʲôѽ˭˭ˡ˵꣬һ˫վ΢΢Щ졣

ŮҺߵĽ̬ʧĵס

ԭϲ

ĽѵŶŪˣǷʧ䣬Ϸʵ˵

˵ʲôһץס½󣬽ŲѣôˣʲôҪˣԼߵʱ򣬿úõİ

ߺѪˣҡ

Ҫȥ

ӵĻû˵ܷܷ꣬һķɳ˳ȥܿӰûڰҹ

ĽơĽơ

һ·񱼣䤱ȴͣЪкڸϵ˼žķɽׯ

˵Ǽײˣô޷赲׿ԽṦĲ

ȣתϤ

һ࣬һԾԺӡ

ĽƵķƻţĽŲȴƸղǰ㼱УʼԵЩǡ

֧ѽŵѾ߲˳ܷܷӦٵض㵽ǽǵİ

ү

ѽϲ˲ϲⲻѪˡ

˵ǸŮˣôֵүˡ

òҲ֪үϲ

ǸŮҲ̫ˣүôƨˣүȴ

ɲǣǸŮҲɶ֪үĻ²ԼҪүүѪ



Ѿһ·ֹŽԶӰǻҲģˡ

ǽǵĶܷܷȴҲ̲סӰӣ˽ȥ

ƻ΢ĽƵɫԵЩ԰ף껹Ѫ˿

ҧŴ˫ȣһһ˹ȥ

ңңҪߡûߵߣ߽ĺȴͻȻֻҵڿлţ·ץסʲôƵģȴԵô޴롣

ĽơĽơҲˡһ˲䣬ԵЩʣǻҡ

ų˹ȥеץסڰеֱۣԼϣĦţһ飬һ飬˵Σ˼

˳գȻ䣬ǹ̵ˮ˼ᣬֱۣ˯·ܸоеɬ㣬۾

ңˣһѱס§ڻ·ҪӣĹѪ㣬ǰļУǰɬǰʹ

ҲΰɣΣϣԶҲҪ

Ľơ㲻Σҡץ֣ԼĦ涣˵⡣

ңˡҪޡЦţȰҪޣԼȴ̲סĵϲãĺ۽ǡ

ҲޣƣҺ㡭

ңҲ㡭ֽ̧Լ԰׵Ĵӭӯӯӡ

۽ǵգŨŨİǧ飬ᣬţˮɬ̿ģ䵽ĵȴĵۣңֻصߣζ¡

ơĻûǵһΣ

ǣ

һǣ̫Σ̫İ̫˼շתڱ˴˵Ĵݼ䣬á

ˮʣǣɬ˱˴˵ζ٣ȴۣ˱˴˵ķ







204

ԭϲһ˵ĸоʹۡ޷ᡣ

ѵŮӣڸϣȴҲõŵ¡

졣

˿ҪϢ£ǴϢţطŹ˱˴ˣ˴һЦ˵Ҹڱ˴˵۵ףļӣůЩҹ

ģģȥУƺ˴˼֡

һҹ⣬˵˼黰ִ࿴ᣬֻôɵɵĿű˴ˣҲҸĸоĵӡ

ۼ뼫˵ǣ΢ʱ򣬱˴ǺЦ۵ӵ˯ȥ

һӰվڴ⣬͸ķ϶˷еһУǵϲúۣʹȴɫӣĵ

û뵽ˣãǧ

˿˵ĵǶԣһԽͯŮɷˣҲˡ



գڷӵˣȴһӵĽŲѡ

ĽƣѾ߽һ𣬴˷ɽׯ

һĹǷöܷܷ˯۾ӭĽ

ﴽҸһЦǳԵǳأѣɷ鲻Խأͷӡһǡ

ˣô˯һᡱôҲӣԽԽԽԽϲԽԽ֣ϲͬʱʹҲ

ƣôˣôôֱ̧סĲӣƤһЦϡ࣡һһǣӦǸǡ

ĽһɵЦʶ̧Ǳ׹գĵ׵ҸǲԶġ

֪ɵЦʶͣǸ۵ϣʼĿѣԣĲˡ

Ҫÿ֮󣬵һ۾ܿ˴ˣű˴ˣǸжã

ңҪȢ㣬޸Һ𣿡ֻǲܹһ𣬲ܹ˴ӵ򣬺ЦѣȻ۵ŶԷڱ˴˵ϲȫĵһ⡣

ܷܷ˵Ļ۹עֿеĸж޷ġ

ȣӿϢҸؾͺӵȫ硣ڿ˵ҪȢˣѾõΰ

źϲ£ͣ˫գЩţӯڵȵһ졣

ֻǣΪɱ˷ܼ޸𣿶ĸĸֻͬҸӣ֮ĺ顣

ǡ



ͻȻ߿˶ܷܷ˵Ļ

űһȺŵĲ죬ɲϬŭĶ˺⣬ֱƻĽƻеĶܷܷȥ

ߣŮȻһƲͷĲ죬һ˷Ըץš

żװĲǰҪȥץǶܷܷ

ǸʲôĽһŭ𣬴ӴǷɽׯЩ˷䣬һѱܷܷ

ׯðൣǲͷ˲תɫĽһڨЦׯɷ֪ѾߣɱˣһԽ

ʲô˵Ľһǳ⣬Ͳǲ˵ĻһĹңôܳΪɱ˷

ǲҺ˵ԼѾ߰ǲǺ˵ɱӣ֤֤ȫѶֻû뵽ѾߣȻԽӡ

ĽƱһ˵ǣ˵ĽŽɣƽ޲Ķܷܷң˵𣿡ʼջǲŵģңɱ֮¡

Ҳ֪ܷܷ˲ԵЩãȻ޴룬׷С͵ʱΣ˹ȥٴʱ򣬾ͱǴţȻ͸ؽη

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205

ңܿˡĽһƽֱ󣬶۲ѣû뵽ֻһ죬ͳôĿ࣬Լȴһ֪ʲôҲû

۵ͬʱҲʼЩԼˡҿ˳

ããңҡ̧ҵظ˸㷢ϧͳ硣

ȡǲҪвԲĽƣׯһŵĿԣǽŮӴȥ鰸ɣ

ҲŲǻȥǸү̫ˣղɣȻ䲻ҷԣҪŰңôԽһ˵ûԷ⣬ͻȻоӺöŶ

˵˵Լ޲ԣв㷹ԡһ죬

ǲǻȥģ̇ĽƣĽƣҲ㣬Ҫȳȥһ£ԼҪ壬һġ˵䣬ɵشӴ˳ȥ

վסǴһ׷š

ңĽҲỽҲ׷˳ȥ

ܷܷܵԺ׼ݶʹңǺܲƵĻ

ҰѾͷӺĽƣĻ𣿡

ܷܷջͷƳһۣȴûҪ˼ݶݶš

վסӡһ׷Ĳ죬Ҳݶ

Ǹʲôܵҷɽׯ𣿡ңһȺĽƷһãȻͷ߿

ҪץңĽҲ˳ɫԵЩ԰ףɫȴ˺ܶࡣ

Ľƺ˵ĵڣ׷ݶĲǶܷܷ

ǻŹ鰸ҪЩηķǲߴ˵š

ǻȥΪɵмŵĶܷܷЦһǻ·һɱͷҲǱǶ

Ǿ޹飬͵ǲͷҲݶǶܷܷݺݵ˵

ת˲Ҳ˴򶷡

ߣҪǱô˵ܷܷһƯɺչᣬƮ˰գǵĴȦ

ڰеյӣɴȹƮɣڷ欣˿Ʒֱµı٣ڿл

촽һЦĶˣǣﲻˣһӸµȥߴź⼱ɶǣڳŴ۵ķâ

ȥǼүСˣǧΡԶȥûٻӰƮԵЩ翡

վסӣĲţȴԵЩ١

ҲͲգ۵ĹǶܷܷȴѾʧ

ĽƸջشĻתͷʱȴǶܷܷӰ

ңһһҪݶǶܷܷʧķ׷ȥ

ϣҥȴȥ·׷

ĽƣҲ׼ȥ

ңΣգҪȥһԾ𣬴ͷӹˡТֻҪң

ĽơңȴֹĽ׷ܵĽŲΣ۵ĵ૵ɵӣԼӶûãȥҰѾͷ

Ҳ֪ϱǷҰѾͷʲôƶǰԣԼĻҲԲ

һ·׷ȥĽȴ֪ոһͣǾǶղڤ

ϵ£ȲظǶܷܷ˿ȫָΣȴ˸

Ľƺǲһ·׷ϣȴİӰǲۿ쵽ˣ׷ɢˣ︴ȥˡ

Ľɲģһ·ʧǣѰѰңѰٵ˽⡣

ңѽ

ĽơĽһ·׷ܷܷڶж

ĽϲתԴȥܷܷҲôǿòĴ

ң

Ľơ





206

ϲشӶ漱Է̶̵ļȴǾúóߣΪʲô벻ٶ̵㣬µĲĿأһֻſӵסԷ滺һ±˴м黳

ӰཻصһҲת˲ʱ䣬ȴ÷·һôֱ۽߾ȫӵסԷů⣬ֻǲܾ̤ʵ

ңңػţһһ飬㽫ӵڻ˵˽գǾûпʹ

һᣬܷܷЩ룬׷ΪЩȴޱȻϲ۵ġ

Ľƣ׷ʲôְ̧˸Щɢҵķ٣İһ鱣Ϊۣ˵ȥģ㿴Ҳ֪ѣӾͱ

ͻȻסûĴݼ䣬ſ֣ʵĵĻੲݣ䶯ӣ³ľ쳣ů⡣

жİԽ̳һģ˶ǧ飬Ķ鲻Խأж˱ʾ

ԭǣǿģԴһ̰ݼá

ɬֻĴ֪꣬μǣǱȴ̽廬࣬˿ıݣǻڣշתȡеۣôҲԲ

һ˲䣬һɵ͸ݼܵ˴ĵף鲻ѣľһȴǲɿ

ֻܷܷеǱ˰㣬ͷţӸ̱վȣֲԾرץ½վ

ڼ֮¶ȲΧһж޹ˡ

罺ᣬݽǵѷᣬͻȻһɷ羰

ȡȡŻˣŻˡ

˱ǲЭţϢţЩطſ˱˴ˡ

һۣΪŨңǣ˲ߺգͷ±ץסĺӰ㣬ͨͨĻҡ

Ĭһᣬ˺Ĭɷ羰ȥſףһԾ˵ӦȴǸ졣

󡭡ܷܷеһ룬ͻȻֶס̧ųĽƣҪҪĽƣɽկӡ

˵˳ǵжԵݣпܻ

ˣǲҪ˵ˡ

˭ڶܷܷ˼ҪҪ˵ʱĽ£üĿڶʵ

һº͵ɫʱǾͲá

ǺǣҴĺ£ׯˡ

ȴϣǴӲδܷܷĵĽΪУֻ΢ﴽǣϵһ˿аЦ⣬ưҹĹȣżļ

㵽ǺˣĽƵ䣬ȴԾطĨȻĺΣߵĲϼݵϣο

ǴӺη亮аЦһף㻳§ҵķˣ˵˭

ܷܷҲ̲סˣ߳ŭشǳ˵˵

к˵ǻһŴ˯ѵôˣӵĻԽ˵ԽĽƵɫȴԽԽѿ

ۿһ꼴٣ܷܷȻգȴĴ

Ĵ˭ãһǱԼۣȴž֮ˣһԼĽˡ

壬š

ܷܷ鼱֮£ǿŭĽƵ½ǣȰĽƣһʶ˾콦ϲ˵˵ĳȴҴӴоȳġ

˵꣬ݺݵؽǴӵһۣǷâк޲ϴ

Ǻǣ㻹֪ҾȹѽһΪŸСûĵģͽЩ˸һɶ㻹ǵá

˵˴ͻȻ֣һѽܷܷĽƻ˹ֵ̧ĶͷСûĵģ֪Ҵñӣģһȥôʰ㡱







207

˵˴ͻȻ֣һѽܷܷĽƻ˹ֵ̧ĶͷСûĵģ֪Ҵñӣģһȥôʰ㡱⻰˵ģô¡

ܷܷû뵽һȰ⣬ûõӵĸл֪ԽԽ֣˵ԽԽǿ̵̣ĵز

㡭ܷܷᣬ죬ƿڴϣǴӾһʣһѩ׵ͷסûԷɣ

㡭ô֪ܷܷǸͷϲЦտشڿ罫Щ˻׵˾⡣

һһҹǶˣûεֻ˵á

ô֪ӽеȴ׻죬˭ֲӡ˵˴һ٣бһۣԣСҭ㣡

񶾵ĻеĳǴһ磬ȴڸǲǱɫ¶ĳ֮顣

Ļش̻ʵĶܷܷյһۣᣬҲѵ˵Ļ˵꣬㽫һͷ

ϵͷĭϲЦտܵĽԣȦסֱۣ˵Ľƣ㲻ҪһʶĲ콦Ƿ

˵գĽԣ³࣬Ǵ˸ǵͷЦ

ЦʲôЦʲôôЦСЦ˱׳գһֱĽ˵ĽƣмҪ㡱

˵գҪĽƾɿõȥĽվס֣ңۣͰ

ôˣܷܷһЦɻ

㡭ܿˣһ㽫˻У૵Բ𣬶Բ𣬶Ҳãûչ˺㡱

ܷܷһᣬۿУ̵ĶھۼȴޣͷЩ㷺ĵˮǿ˻ȥƿת˲㻻˲绨Ц̡

ʲôҪ˵ԲֲĴЩ˼ץץɢķޣԼ̫ˣһʱŻЩ˵ĵ

ڳԼǸˣվԱߣʼįسû٩һ䣬ȴǶܷܷĺü䲨㲻˵û˵ưͣ

мˣˮһңң޹ڡ

ţ༰ĻǶܷܷʵĪ֪˵ʲô״Ρ䣬ԲٺһۣĽ˵ĽƣǲҪ콦ļһߣмҪ㡱

ĽεĽŲûгɣֻƶ֮ǰǴӣ΢΢ףͷЩмչ˶ܷܷ֮⡣

ȴǶĴ٣Ů˻зУȻҲɵҲֱ;ȷĵС

ӶĽƵǵͷ֮лΪչˣܷܷͲΪͼĸлĿʼֻжܷܷһ˵Ӱѡ

ԭңȴڲ֪

ȫʲô

ҪݵĶܷܷͷüصФңɶļһҪٽұС㣡䣬ȭһȭĶвš

Ľԣ̧֣ں㷢ЦЦ̧ű߽

ҾҪСôѽӲĵš

ȴû˻Ӧ

û˿ֵԾȤ߿ˣµӰûߵһĨƽϡ

֮󡪡

Ľƺܿͻ˷ɽׯΪܷܷԼйڶˣе飬ȻҲ˴֮У飬ĽƵһſ޲ýҪİ֮˵ļһһ

ġӲֻΪܷܷļһǣȺӡ

û뵽ңܻӭܣ뽫κ͵








208

ôţҲôˣͽƯĶܷܷĲ˽һԷżʱסĵط

ԷĺأɽܻһССԻĹٱҵȥ

ûϵԼһλȥ֮󣬱ܳһʱ䲻ܳɽׯˣҲʹܷܷ֮еԵ֡

Ľһصɽׯͻᵽ˵ȺʱڤܷܷĽ˵£֪ﲡˡ

ǣȥ֪֮̽磬һţҳߣӻȥˡ

Ҳܻؽ׷ȥɽׯصһӣϣҪչ˲ҪɽׯСС飬ҲûʱȥɽĶܷܷˡ

ҪĲһֱɫһԽԽأٲТôϲǶܷܷҲܶСصﲻܣȥϲĻᣬ˼裬Ҳš

Һڤˣԥؽܷܷȫȥˡ

һʱ䣬ǶܷܷʼղĽƵκϢ㰴಻סɽ򵥵˸ݣڷɽׯǻϣ͵͵Ľһ档

ϣûʱľڴ˵ڤڶ

Ҫ˭ڤôŻˡ

վ£͵Ķܷܷͷڤ񹫷ߵӣͳĨ޵ǳЦʱ۵ףлĸо

𴽽ǣչնһЦԵúƤҲ˵ֻЦãЦá

ܷܷģȻİЦȴϤڤһۣϳ

ϳԵʮּɵһѾͽ˻Уıοʱ䣬Լ糱ˮӿ˼

ΪԼط֣ףǣĽ˶ܷܷڷɽׯ۲ѣԹĽûչ˺Կ࣬̫ʧˣʼˡ

룬չ˶ܷܷĻǾԲκί˵Կ࣬ˡ

Ҳ⣬ݺɱ˷³

ĽƲǺʺģֻûкúðϧıܷҸ֡

Ǿٷ֣ϲԼԼҲҪ취ǿд

ԼıίԿ࣬ˣ۶

ܷң㻹𣿡ǿԼǸֱܷ˶֪ϲԼ

ô֪ңܷܷƤʻסľϲڤҪľġ

ԭǲġ

䣬һᣬĪһЦ˵ݳʲôӣһ۱ϵó

ܷܷĻ̧˺ȥϵǲƤߣʵΪʲôѵлݼݼԼ˲ˣŻ׵ؾϳԼ

ĶƤ߱ȥһ˲䣬˼Ľݣʵչǰˡ

鲻Խر̧֣ǳЦȻСģ·ڴһֵǣı㣬ôСôᰮϧ

ָŨŨİһһЦüˮ鶯ͦεıǣ۵գӣĴշתͣ򢣬Ű˵㡭ˡ

Цţ濴ƲػصȴΪ򵥵ĹĻжĪ

ôˣ

ѰˡƤߣ鿴

㡭ܷܷΪֱ׵ĻشһʱȻЩصʲôʱ򣬶Ĳë˵벻Ƿеë

ǺǡڤǹĿɰģʧЦûĵѾͷҶͷΣȫ˵Ķһ޶Ļȴǲţ֪֪㲻εңġ






209

̧ܷܷһۣĵûôĵǿ

Ѿͷ̧㷢һʱΣûа취಻ܣûĺġ

ܷܷüЦЦĵЩܲˣ۾˵Ϲӣһۣȥ͵͵񾭣Цĵġ

㲻֪Цδĵ𣿡ͻȻɫ࣬أܷϲ㣬㣬˵Ķģûһٻһ𣿡

ܷܷһĵıף˵һҪ˵һ㶼ݣǲܵġ

ʱʱҲ뵽ˣԼԩޣϷŪᣬԹޣԼжӣҪԼӼȫⱲǲܡ

²ȴҲעһӵľ

֪ģϲĽƣҵĶ飬ұôֱ׵˵ЩĵĻҲƭ㣬ҲƭԼ

ǣĽƣͲʺ㣬ʱദѵص𣿡

Ȼ˱ɵıźѣ˵ĲǣǰԼĽŮӣȨ˵ЩҪĻ

ɡһϲԵЩΣϲһ˿ѡĻҲ࣬ա

ΪĻشԵһȴԲԸΪʲôҪץסȣü֮䣬ʹѵ޷ڸǵĵزܷУѵҾһҲȲΪʲô

㲢ЩطãǣȴԾֻϲ

Ļһϣ۵ȴҪ

忪ʼҡΣһһţΪʲôΪʲôȻҺãΪʲôҪѡ

㲻Ҫǰû˵ûĽҲ仰ɶһصĴ

ġΪʲô˼ãѿڶ

ôɫү϶кܶŮϲ㣬ҲȢܶӣȴһŮ˷ɷĺŮˣҪһݺòΨһҪ󣬺ܼ򵥣ȴҲѣ֪

һЦصķ飬ü֮һɣһ׾ץסŮӣ˼ά󵨵磬͵Ը

ܷȢӵ𣿡⣬ƾԸ˽⣬ƺܸоõֻǲס˵ȥ԰ˡ

˵Ҳ˼ǸүȢǼƽ飬Ȣʮ˸ҲܺϺҲκһҸԸ⣬Ը飬ҲԸȫŮӣ֪ŮԷΪʱҵ뷨ܲãҪе֣ǣȴı䡣

ֻܷҪԸһȥСҪ󣬶˵֣ҿΪ֤ڤߣֻһס֣۵ʮ㡣

һ֮Щεҡͷ˵ô࣬ôǲأֻҺ֮䲻ܣԭһˣҪǣϲ˲㣬ϲ㣬˵еһж⣬ǣǰҪϲ㣬Ĺؼڡ

ɫĻ･԰ףֻһѪɫҲ޷Цεʹ

ܷ涮ôҵģһ͵ĻֱԽҴʮ˲޷֮գΪʲôҵӣȴҪȥϲˣΪʲô

˵ץסץĽģԽԽ֪ʹҲ֡

ֻܷܷԼ󣬷·Ҫն˰㣬һ׶ĵĴʹӱץסĵطһ˿˿ֻķȥȴҧأ

ܼеʹԸΪһ롣

˻ƤѵĴԼҧƣһ˿˲ڿڣһ뱻£һ˳ʡ

˳ʵѪ˿ͫ׽Ŵ










210

˻ƤѵĴԼҧƣһ˿˲ڿڣһ뱻£һ˳ʡ

˳ʵѪ˿ͫ׽Ŵ

Ϊʲôһı˻ջǲ̵ɿպ죬ԵЩľֱۣһȭǿϣƤѺ۶֣ҲƤѪֱ

ܷܷʱɷûüκηӦͱһ˻Уսֱ۷·ҪԼ㣬ô飬ôıʹôĲᣬȴôΡ

ߵ˻ҲΪ૵ܷ֪֪ܹ֣̣ܲȴԭôϲ㣬ôȫĵİ㣬֪İ㡭

Բ𣬶ҵĴˣԲ𡭡ԲҲ˵ЩĵĻҲ㣬ٳǰ˵ڸôܽʹЩأ

ܷܷϵԼΪǰԼӶʹ

ǣһ̣ȴظܵԼʹģʱľԳʹʹȼĽƲʱ٣ǶʹȴԵЩ޴룬

ľôܺԼٴģʹأ

ԼûûΣȴѪ

ػ䣬رſͷʹޣﻹµԲҲã㲻ҪôĺôãһҵһҸõŮӡ

ңֻҪ㰮ңҵҲҪõŮӣֻҪ㣬ֻҪ㣬ֻҪܷܷһ˶ѡ

仰ܷܷһɫޱ䣬̬Ҳޱ䡣

ҲǶܷܷȻ䣬ƿᣬüһЦȥǸеĶܷܷɣҲᰮ㣬ҡ

ܳϣԲܳϡ

ڤһָͣܿ˹ǰһץסɫ䣬żǣ

ҲǡŷȴԵ޼¡

һȥҲҵǰȥʣ˼Ȼʡ

ΪǾҪȥĻɫͻȻɷףҲȥֲΪʲôҪȥ

ȥУΣǰҲҪȥĻﲻһļи͸¶쳣ᶨĹâ

һҪȥ

ſңţţҪȥ⿪֣ȴôҲⲻЩ˵ɫɫȴŲţ

вӴŴ˵ķâ˿ŭˣȴǿ־壬¸ȥϵɾĻᴩ

ΪʲôҪôǿţôһȥһúչġôǲס

Ļѩһˮ˲ǿıģȫǸжȴװİɫ

ûгţҡĺܺá˵Ծеʡ

㶼ӵɱ˷ˣôܺáһ͵Ļԡ

ҡҡҴԵһʱȻˡ

û˵ˣǾ͸һȥɣߡ

ҲǶܷܷңҪȥĽơ

͵ؽס׶һ£ʹȴҲϰߣʲôҲûߡ

ſͻȻһƾը죬һߴӰǰסȥ·

̧ܷܷţѵǰ

ӣ

ɨһۣͻȻֵĲ֮ͣڤһ־ıܷӦҪİı㣬ọ̈̄զ֡

ͷʶ

̧һ˲ͷ͵͵ص֣Ȼƴġ

ڤչüۣںһЦԷܷܷ㻹б£С𣡲ѡе

ܷܷŭЦĻ˵һЩĿɿڴ㡭ë








211

ҽſûУſƷŻһɱ

ӣҵѣҲ׼˺

ǴڣƷХܷܷһǰסڤǰҿӷӦ죬΢΢ؽ˻ȥȴ˼

ôĸ㶼Ҫţ㲻Ҳ̫̰ô

㡭ܷܷһҭֻڳܡɱ

ˣӹϳڤǺɽկ֮Գۺ죬жɱˡ

ߣ㲻ɵӣҲϹӣ㵱Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪɱˡ

Ӹɴཫɫ˫ǺۼɱɨǱܷܷŵڤ˳ޣд˿̸ȴǼʡ

ڤƿĶܷܷ˳ƽǰһʵ˭

ĳˡĻصƱȥ

ڤԾм֮ңӭȥʶкγ𣿡

կ֮

Ǻڷկˣ

ǣھɱ㣬Ҳԩ˰ɣ

˱ߴ߶ԻӻɱϵĶкݶҪڤ书Ȼ˵ãʱֻڱصֵ

ǲҪˡܷܷһԴ𣬼ţѷ֣۵˸ûп

ݡһ;ǴӾȻ˱ڤȴǿ಩ԵЩԿ

Ȼֺȥջѵֱֵۣܿ͹˲ʣʺ欵Ѫʪ͸˹Ǻ£ҫ۴Ŀ

վһԸżĶܷܷ˫Ǻ̵һۣ°Ҳ಻סļս֣Ծ֮ܵ䡣

٣̫ͻȻ򶷵˸Ͳע⣬עʱǴӵؿڡ

ۡһѪһѪڴӲɫϣοʪһƬȴԲ죬ֻǱѪյĵطɫ˵ѡ

ҡҲҡ˱ƵͻȻת䣬ɵۣվԭضá

𡭡ˡ΢΢˵ĺࡣ

ܷڤγѣǰһҡҡ׹ӣ˻԰׵ɫ߻ڲʵѪ˿絶ɫţš

㡭Ҳھѣһӽת۽ǡ

ĽһǳһĺۼһʱĨȥͬǵΪʹ˺ۣĵأȴԵô

ܷܷҪͦסڤҲ˲ʲô򶷣ˣܷܷܽ˷ɽׯ

ΪʲôԼÿγ֣ˣѵԼĴˣ߸Ͳóǰ

Ľ٣ƺеĽ٣Ʋϡ

̫ߵĨǺѪĿĵشʹ˫ɫӿ

ں޲ѣȴԵóˡ

ܺãϵˣȴĥ

ĿƳһۣǳƣ֣оһƬľǣҵһЦ绬¬ȥѳ𣿡

ģ˱ŵӰҲûתǲɫ۽ǣڷҡҷµˣȴû֪

˷ɽׯڤܣ߽Ŷܷܷһ˯ȥϴ˯ô

ܷܷҪ˯Ҫ˯ûµġûµġϣǸƵԼΪʲôҪͻȻ

ҡؿںܡܷܷ۾˿Ե÷ǳҡǲҪˡҪĽơҪĽơ֮ǰһ桭

˵һ漴૵ο㲻ģġ

˵䣬סıԷһ߿Ű壬첽˽ȥĴϣ˿̣ʶҲģ۾Ҳϡ






212

˲Ůڲףȥ˵Ƶ۵ĺ춵ǱȻԾ

⡱̲סһ£ҲЩʹزʱڻ֣ʮָ޵ĶǱ䡣

ɲǼ䣬ѩ׵ļһۣʺָӡǰָӡӡϲѩ׵ļγĶԱȣԵøĿۡ

Ȼǻơ

ʱ䣬⣬ֻһƳ˫֮䣬һ𾪵С㣬ȴҲ˲ȥ̽˴ֳᣣ㿪ʼ˹Ϊˡ

Ʋһ˼࣬һж˵ʱ򣬲شӺҺгų˺ˣҲļµĺ֢ʱ˥߶

ڿǴӳƵʱͲµˣǻƣû뵽ǣܷܷͻȻɹһơ

ڻƵƣν⣬֪ģԲҪǶܷܷȥ˵ʱ򣬳źųΪԺʲô֢

һ˹ˣܷܷɫ𽥺תһ˿ļɼĺΣɫȥԵò԰ס

Ѫ˹һڿڵĴȾ˰ɫᣣҲȾȴͣ

ܷܷٴ֮ͷһۣ㿴ˣĽŽ˼ĽĿӡ

ĽơϲĽе̫ˣģĺ

ңˣĽһץס֣ôƽذţȴҲ̫Ū

Ľƣ˯˺ܾ𣿡Լ˯˺ܾãĺܿƵġ

ãֻ졣ȴô

أҼǵҽģûˣ

ܷܷڤʱĽƵɫôһ˲Եü䲻Ȼȴһǰ㣬ת˲ţҲκθеĺۼ

ԭҲǹģġ

ζΪˣҲԼеķҪЩ˼顣

һˣΪһˣܲȥƣҪ˵˶Ǹû飬ƺЩ˵ȥ

ֹϵ̫΢ԹȴĺңӦҲλõģΪ֣ʼЩζˡ

Ȼ֪뷨УҪãȴ̲ס

һ֣ĽͻȻһתɬʵң㡭ǲҲϲ꣬Щҿ۾±϶Ĵ𰸴

ܷܷЩŵŽȥǼ⣬ĽȿȡȴЩģ˵һ֣ΪԸͣ

űһ߿ϣǳֳŭĽƣôչģ

һϮ£/εڤ첽嵽ǰܷܷƽḧؿڣĽȴһֱͷ˲²͸ʱ뷨

Ϊѹʵ̫ˡ

ĵϲܷܷȴΪͥѹԵЩǣԥ

ܷ㲻Ҫʲô룬ڤĵذ߰˳ؿڣϣܵһ˺

ԺֻͷѵĽƵЩ߰飬̼ʲô㲻֪𣿡

ĽɴͷĬЩ죬ڤȴԵޱʧҡҡͷĽƣҺʧʹһףģ㣬ȴôô࣬ȴҪô֮ηŵģٽ㡭

ĽƱڤĵĽ˵ѵһ̧˵ʹͷӭʧ

ҡҪ⣬ȴԵЩ˵ûԼȷʵûչ˺

ҺĽƵ飬ҪܣҳԿ࣬ҵ£ⲻĽƵΡܷܷЩŭطڤؿڣ˳ֱۣɫ䡣







213

ڤķУ˲һĨʹȴǼŲԼֳǿջЦźãҲܣҲ˵㲻ҪҲòá

ʱ䣬ܷܷЩ뵵ɽᣬĿ⣬ȴ鲻ԽɨɫһƬհ׵Ľơ

Ľơҡҡһ˵ĽƣԵЩϢҲ͸Żңܵ˵

ĽĿ˸򴽣ʲôҲʲôġ

Ĭ죬̧Ƴۣɫ԰ףȴԼԵ˿ĶܷܷƤ£İ£ٶÿʱǼᶨĵĿڵң˵ʲôҶ֪

ĽĶܷܷ仰ϲһЦ¶һЦỨӣҼ

ĽƼһʹսȭͷδĻ˵ȥ

ңҾ㻹ѡȽϺãţὫչ˵ĺܺãҲϧ㡭

ܷܷĻͲ԰׵ɫһ˲䣬ĸӲҰףñңһѪɫԡ

Ϊʲô㲻ңǲǡҪӴȴԵЩģ򼤶Ƭ̵ѣоĽƴ˿̣ȴԵЩر۲תҪȥ

ĽơһǿҪ׷סȴΪȵļѪӿأͷһһѪзɽ˳ǰһڣ˹ȥ

ܷڤĵؼǰֻ̽˹ȥûʲô󰭣۵ذƣҴñǣ˯㡣

Щ飬תǻͣſڣ־ڰշ㶵ĽƣݺݵĵĽƣһģһὫܷܷȥģ㡭ʵ̫ʧˣ֪𣿡

һ仰˵ޱʹܷܷϲԼöãҲôࡣ

ǡáĽǿһ˿Це֣սȭü˵ͰˣҡׯҪ

ĻصĲʹԼİŮӣһ˱˵ĻųԼʼЩԼˡ

ͥصʱȴòô

ܻػˣԭǸһѾһܵģѾ߾Ĺ⣬ԣն˵ףҲĸǳ˳ĵҪ뿪ɽׯ

һ֮£˸ӹϵԶҲҪˣҲһ࣬޵İ׷

ǣȫϣҲͼĽϣڣΪ˷ɽׯΨһļ̳ˣﻹţԴ˿̵κδ̼ϵˣϻܲ˴ġ

У콻ҪȢ綨õδѡԣΪޣﵱȻӦȴֻԾܾ˵׵鼴ѶôأЩڶܷܷԵ췢ġ

ǣ飬嶤Ҳ޷ıˡ

׼ǶܷܷԲȨҲʱȡˣΪԣ£ٶ˳֦ЩĽûиκ˵ֻǶһĬĬš

עԵ޷ݣԵǳôһ㡣

տʼΪѣٽűףȴǸ󣬸ص

ɽׯƬľɫɣ㱼䣬̧ĺҶУһĨ鶯ٻӰ֣룬ǷĺҶԽƮԽԶֻľͷͬɫʧ

ܷܷٴʮ֡

ҹĻʹƳϣɫȻҹҲԵЩڣȴͻȻҡŴǿ֦ǫ̂ˡ죬ľںҹȾĸ졣

ܷˣڤôˮɽϢСϪ飬Ρ

ģΪʲôҪ˺õĴ

ֻҡͷ˵ҲϣΪʲôҪôִţ


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214

ôˣﲻ𣿡֣ĻӭǹϤ£һ촽˶ȴ˵κλ

ΪǣֿѵĽƣڡЩѣĻں䣬Ҳ˵ˡ

ҡҡӶˡôˣᣬʹܷܷ࣬ҲҪ˲ͬʹࡣ

ĽƣΪʲôôĲ

̧֣ؿڣʧǣʲôҲûˣǿȻԼϴξͻˡ

ûУǷҲҪˡ

ܷôˣؿڻʹ𣿡ְ̧˳˳ؿڣɫˮؿԽУǶڵĹ֮顣

һЦûУֻǶӶˣܡ

Ǿͺá˿֪˾ͻẰ˽⣬ӦһˣÿγԷ̻ʣҶƵĵģЩţȴҲɰ

ߵмԲԣ˹һ࣬أ졭һιߡ

ҡԼɣЩ˵ĺ⣬ԽãԽΡ

㲻ϲι㣿

ǣҾ̫ˣֲǷԼɣǿҪеӺ룬ȴԵЩͼѡ

Ҿϲ㵱ɵСҽۡٶȽ¶е͵ߣԣ죬Ҫǿ庢Ӱ㣬ĵغ

žһ£һ̺ܾõˮڵٵشˮΪʲôҪôãΪʲôң

Сɵϣʲôק˲۽ǵᣬЦòҪɣΪҵôΪʲô㣬Ҳ֪֪ɣҲͲˡ

ܷܷһ̧ʵ



лл㣡Ц滨꣬ѣĿĵĸм

滨ģѣһ£漴ü۴ЦصСɵϣ֮䲻Ҫ˵лл

Ϊʲô

˵ģ֮ǲ˵ллġ

ǵĻжֻУȴܳϣ˲ΪЦƤʵ˵𣿺ûаɣװɵһǿ

ڤǵС˼һЦãû˵˵ġ

Լ˵ĲлԺɱ׷ûġƵһЦת˸̬ȣҲ𽥺ιҳ԰ҿˡ䣬죬࣬ȫüȴڶЦ

ɰƤĳڷӿϢ㡱

ԵĶû˼

֮Ȼ̸ƺ˴Щ

ʱĺܿ죬תʮգҶҶɣҶ죬ﻹڼ

ĽƵǶθȴǰ㣬ͻȻ䣬Ҳ¶棬סͬһ£ʮȴûмһΡ

ʮڤ²ҹ飬չ𺳣͸ж

գȥɽһƬߣ͸͸ʵûԶľ룬ˣʮҲѻָĲˣȴִҪȥ

ѿˣһ·ѾĿ⣬õܡ

ʲôϾ͵ˡ˵Ц䣬ڻŴߣôһֱػأ߶ٱ飬ۡ

ڤշȥͿҶ׷ɣ·ľͷһŮ̸ӵıӰеԶһ۾˳ĽƵıӰĨɫӰģԶҲǡ

һ˲䣬ɫɷףק֣ȴһƬһ˿˿˿ļ⣬ԽԽʹԭأá

ܷܷǻ뿪ɣ

ЩӦͱ仯Ȼûӹ۾








215

ܷܷǻ뿪ɣ

ЩӦͱ仯Ȼûӹ۾

ȻһЦȴԵúܿ࣬ΪʲôҪߣ

ģϲҲܸиɣ˵ɣ

˵ĺܴĽڻͷһ˲䣬ǧɽˮǱ˴˵üӹЦ˵Ŀ⣬ԾɫڿȴǧɽˮԵôңԶ

ң

Ľƣ˭ˣŮӵʻĽԵЩ

Ů˳Ľͣ͵Ŀ⣬ع޵òӭ¶÷ģһĻʤߵһĨϼѣ۵ͬʱǴۡ

ԣ£Ȼµû

Ůӻعͷ˲䣬ݵĶܷܷȻһЦȴ۵ķ̡

ĽƣλﲻѾ𣿡תƣڤžޣĿԾȻ۵ףһĨޣУ˲

ߵλ˭Ľơ

үļ򵥣ȴδǽ˶ƿ֪жȴţĮɽׯĴڡ

ƵĻָѾ˽һ

Ľƣλǣ

ڤһԭصĶܷܷϧӣһ֣ĽǷȥ

Ҷ׷ɣͷ󣬻䣬һصĺ죬ΪһıӣŲ棬ȥ֨ϸ΢£żֳʹİˣģʪۡ

Ҷ裬ʫ续ߵڤǴӻĵɣƮ䣬˵Ϸ

Ĩ޵ЦͨŮ˵ջ

ңԣ¹Ļ߽̌ڤܣĶܷܷҲ߹ȴԵЩεѡ

ܷܷû°ɣڤĵס

û¡ԵЩضǿһЦͷ亹ȴǲԾر˳

¶ϸļϣɽһƬʵ𣬽԰׵֣˿ЩУޣʱʧ

䶯촽һԼǶܷܷ۽ǵⲻɨĽԵ˿ĮʱͻȻеǸͷ

ȻϲУǾ˺ˣҲû˭⡣

ұɣڤӷҪ

ðȴҲӦˬ죬ǸǸֳһ˿Ц⣬ҪϷ˭㣬۾ʼעһ˵ı飬˵ı鲨ֻǽ˼£û˷Ӧȴʹ

ǹİɣ
ҲգҲգ
Ҫž㣬ԼҲùԼ

£㲻ǿʼɣ̫ѹֵҪѰ;йһ£ɾõķӡ

ð롪䣬磬Ƴգٵȥ

˲䣬˱˵عУȣ

һԹսĶܷܷȴǿʹ

סһĳʹջߣסڤĲӣͷ῿ǻȥɣҲ뿴еʹĻˡ

Ϊʲôֻһգ۵Ĺ˵ͱ䣬ϤҲҲĨĶˡ

ΪʲôΪʲôһеΪʲô

һȴǿסˣֻǽЩʪյĽģҲȥЩʹĻ档

ܷܷ޾Ϳ޳ɣҵļ㿿

شҲۿֻǽ۽ǵˮĻ䣬ʪʪġ

Ľƣƭӣ˵ҪȢϲ

ڣȴһۣԵôѣ

ĽƣҺƭӣԺҲҪˡ

ĬᣬһˣΪˡ








216

ĽƣҺƭӣԺҲҪˡ

ĬᣬһˣΪˡ

ȴԴ󺣵ػݣǻʹȴҲҸġ

ʱڿֵ˵Ƕݵģʹ˵ȴģܿҲãҲգȴڹҴʧ⣬̫һξ͵ϡ

ߵĨϼȫʧʱɫеһûҹĻʹֱֱ£ɽɽׯ¹бͶɫѩ׵ǽཻųһĨ䣬Ĺ⣬͸һ˵ĺ⡣

ģĲģҪȥʸ

ҹɫڻһĨ鶯СӰܣ֮·ĽƵ

һԾǽԺ̧һߣ֧ѽһķţ³߿ȹڣ˽ȥ

˭ںڰͽȻϸĽŲȴһµ˼Ϊˣ

ȴ𻰣һվ˫۾ںڰзһ˿ԹĹԣȣҹӥȴżڵ⡣

սȭͷ¸ҳȴ֪οˡ

ûãûϢ˵˺Ҫټȴһ϶ˡ

𻰣ҲĬ˵һʱ䣬ԵЩ֡

죬һ̾˵Щȥɣñ˷ˣá

Ϊʲô֮ǰõĴ֮ʣʱ³ȴֻ򵥵֣ǴЩʡ

ԽԽ⣬ԽԽѣԼȴ޷ǿϲģȱǣԼЩʼԼˡ

Ϊʺ㣬ԭ򡣡ڰ˵仰ʱʹı飬ȴԵúƽκβ

ҲҪһСӰ˻ڴδ˹§ĲӣĽġ

ɢķ˿˲кϣðε֣Ȼؾͽرס

һ˽սջסǹҪסĳ嶯

ͷ῿ѣţţ૵Ľƣ˵ҪȢҵģ˵ϲҵģѵЩ㶼ΪʲôҪңΪʲôĮΪʲôҪ˵Ļ

һʱϣֽץűǣӽֱзӿǿǹҪڻУúðοһĳ嶯

֪ܣҲô

Ľƣ֪֪ϲ㣬ֻһ𡭡ΪʲôҪң˵ʹشůȴʧš

һҲйֹֻȭͷЪĵؿȰȥɣ˵ģҶ˵ˣ͸ȥɣὫչ˵ĺܺõġ

˵ʲôһڰкᣬĽƣúݡ

ȥɣ͵ҵĴҸ㣬Һˣֻڿȥ쿴ӻôҹôһεô졣

ɲվڴߣ͸һ˿΢¹⣬ģôϤô˿ȴôİôʹޡ

Ҫ𣿡ΪģڴӴƽ޲Ҳ˼˿͡

ĽƣݡҧŴ֡

һ̡

žںڰ𣬾Σġ

˲һʺָӡȴСúڰڸǣоȴľġ

ʹȥҴҵŶ

ˣˣοҪﳹ߿ˣڰеľ㶵ŽŲмֹͣ

ֱֱɻ˴ϣҲǣ̱Ǳ㣬ڱһ⣬еʹȫеȫȻľ

ȵ˿ҲʧȥɫʣűҹɫȾڵᣣطŴ

ʹֻԵģȻʱǴҴҶΪ˭ͣ






217

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 ˶ܷܷϢķ԰㣬صȴ
 
 ϵ˶һҹģһҹߣһҹĳޣḲǣδɵΣ棬ź΢΢ţǱʪ˫ĵԵôİԹôĳ
 
 һ̣ͷʹѵ˸ĵĵ⣬۾޵ĺ׵Щ۾
 
 ˫۾࣬ԺٶȸֳӣĮûɵһʹἸٶȾ̡
 
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 һӣֻͨѩ׵ĸӱЬ࣬˹ȥСĵϵС׸롣
 
 СӣҪһǣ޹ڵķ裬öð˵СӣѵõڴߵһĨЦ⡣
 
 ׸߸߾ҪŷɣС׸ȴӶһůġ
 
 ʱ䣬Сϰŵһ첼עȡһ澹ȻһСֽ
 
 ƮݣɷּϵʦģֽϵݣȴһЩڴͻϲ
 
 ֽ˵Ҫμӱ״ʦңʿӵݡ
 
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 볡˾ǵɫݵּܿվ˱̨ȻǶܷܷҲУȴվλãβ̫ûȺС
 
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218

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ԣֻƵ޹

Һֻѣ

ڤ֮ʣ̨ϵȺɢһ֣ģ໭ⷢӣֻǶضһĿ

ʼ˳ӿ䣬˾ǵһ飬ʮ˵ıʽʼ

Ⱥɢ֮ʱĽҲڣţߵ˶һû뵽ϱ̨

ͷڤм죬һ𾪺ãȻѵָı

ʿټġ֪ʰ㣬ûͷҲûֻޱ³仰еɻ

ʿټңʲôϵ

ʿͽܣ㲻֪𣿡۽ǵƳٶ˼УԵ˿ã飬Ķĺ㶣ʲôҲ֪Ѿͷһ֪£ȴôĳԡ

ĽһȴʲôҲû˵иӣìܣ˵ϲ̣ȴԾһƬƽ޲ֻɫ𽥰

ߣ̨ϵĵĶܷܷѽ˱ֻɫѲƷǰˣˮӱŵ΢̵͸żƤЦ⡣

ʫȻҲ˵ǿ

յĿʫʱһʱ䡣

ļ򸩰飬ϸ裬ܷܷȴǲֽվһԹۿ˾ǰһһҵţֽ˾̯к£óµЩ⣬֪Ϊ

ܷܷ̯ѩ׾ֽ·۵Ĺâӭӣü΢˼һ¡

һЩеѾƷɣʱѹ룬Ҳȼ̨µЩڰΪżһ亹

ȴǲʮӣչüۣеѡ֧ëʣһһҵš

ﴽһЦЩ͵˾Ǵ壬úˣǧˡ

˵䣬մīһ·д£ˮ˫ʵ̬ѣ̨µĹڸǿĿɿڴû뵽ŮӾ˫д֡

̨£ǰˣһо̾ϲ

㻹δȫȼ֮ʱܷܷȴдϣǻ˫дҲرϣ棬ɸ˾ǣдľֲͬ鷨ײͬʫ

ߡԹŷﱯȣʤһϣʫ뵽Ϊ飬дˮɷ裬ѡ

ұߡ仭Сөҹɫˮǣţ֯ŮǡΪСࡣ

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ܷܷӦ̾ǳЦȻؽӹֻӣСлл㽫ֻ̯ϣȱīɺԡ

ٵһ̨ʱֻܷܷǸǷֻʧĻǽ𲻻ɽ

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һֱˢһ࣬ձ׼٣塣

ΪͻȻ꣬ԽƵڣм˼ܹ٣ֱ٣ã͹ݡ

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219

ΪͻȻ꣬ԽƵڣм˼ܹ٣ֱ٣ã͹ݡ

ԣǴ˴δţܷܷȴñȰ·ɱĳҧռˣһֱ֮ͷǹԣ¡

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һԧ졷쾡£⣬ʮָ仺ʣһձϣþòϢ˳

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žžǱõˣΪƣ׶ĳ̶Ȳȶܷܷǳ黭

һӣԵЩԵͻȻ

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⣬С껹¸ͣӨˮδһ۵ˮӡ

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漴Σ䳡Ĵ⣬ɡ̧ű˴

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˭ˣڤתͷһԵӣĽ˲䣬Խ䣬ǹⰵ

յңһֱķ飬ͽȻü䣬ɣĿɽеĴСٺϣ嵭ţһ˵Ʈģڶ˵ע⣬ȴʲôҲܱ֣ԾľȻޱ飬Ŀ

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һĶǣѹֶȵġʮʱ䣬ָ䲦Ūģǧɱŭ͸ңڶߡ

Ľҵս߿ĳɽȵĺŽ춯ءҡ


ˡұϵָСһһ£һʺ죬ָϣıȴԵöôʧ;ȡ

ٶϣϣҲ飬עǲн⼸ĶԾ˼Ȼͨ˺ܶ顣

Եǳ֮飬ƺҲǳôһ㣬ĴΪİŮӷеһвܲˣȴãرܡ

ƺҲôҪ

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220

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ͷЦĲãֻصǸƤɰСŮӣҲܷܷҲңһ̿ʼҪ֣е֡

˿˿ʪܷڶǣȹȴԾɻڷ裬תˣͷҲصˣȻǽ׷ȥ

ܷܷĺǣҲһҪץһΣҪŸԼһλᣬΪһܣţΪܣԹԸġ

ʵôģԻʤҲ˵ӣȻͷ˵ǸܣҪЮԼȥֻڲڵȵʱˡ

ٶϣϡ

ǣĽƵ飬ǶѵҶȥǳ嵭

ΪԼǿ˭֪ôһ꣬뿪ɽׯû߶ãεˣҵղˡ

Уеи˾ԼůţָޱʵĴУ˿СʱҹױڻУḧ˯ȥøо

ʼˣǴȰԼˣӹȥδҲûĸ˵İܳԽġ

һϸ⣬͸϶˽Ͷ䵽˷ŴϣܷܷҡŻͷ۵İɫʶܿѡ

бһƳһſڴ˯ˣƤŨܵĳԾĻȣ񹲷ߵ١

˭Ȼүڤ

ִ겻ɢȴжĪ΢΢һЦֱ̧ۣҪطȥϢ

Զ˶ܿ۾ЦҲͺȻ۵ף㡭ˣڵϲ֮顣

Цŵͷʲôطƾֱͷ򵥵İӦòǷɽׯ

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ĻӦǸףὫʣЦŶ˼䣬Ļܷܷϵı鿪ʼϵı仯ӳԾŭСǺ˸ͨ

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ҪܽȥһкβɡͻȻһ֮ǰᣬ˵ģ𱡴ճһĨߵаЦֻصǸԵӡ

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ܷܷѵҾôᣬһֻҪܡ

˼˵İˣһס˽ŲҪ˵ʲôٶ

ܷܷһλǴ𣿡ӣǣס֡

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һֲõԤУǻӭ̹ȻĿ⣬ץġ

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ᡣ˴յ֣鵤ڣôܻͷʹ䣬ϲֱߣĶī裬ɨգвһ

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ЦһڣȴĪ˿жôһ˿˿

δദӣʲôӣ֪Ҳ޷Ԥ֪һֱһݿֵ飬ƺҲ

ڻ·ϣڤܷܷչ˵ĺܺãϵЦݣӦһ̿ʼûͣ

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ֵǣӭڤɱֿɺ޵Ůˣһ򶼽ߵķΪôôãҲӭ

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ڤ˼̧ȥ־ͱǣ𣬱رŽŹܼҺͼ˸档

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һţܷܷʿӢ˯ȥ鲻ʱ˯ϰߡ

ɻûڣӭ棬Ͱݱ˹߽ͶһԺڤֱֱعȥ

үū澰ɣū澸˵䣬㽫е̸߸߾𣬶ܷܷƵװɻƿƬ°һԽҪˡ

ô£ڤʰһƬϸţ΢΢һ䣬ɫһ˿⣬˭ɵģ

Ӧ֪һϲһôôĲСĽˤˡ

죬΢΢̧ɨһվһޱĶܷܷк޺ޣʲôҲ˵ͷԲǡǡū澣Сĸˤġ

죬𣿡ǵһСģȫ򲻻ǰǡ

ǵģū澰ɣͷص

°ɣһطˡܷܷŹǷҪȥ

ãȥɣһȥ㡣ͷһ棬ú̺

ǡһӦת׷Ŷܷܷȥ

죬ڤĿӶܷܷԶȥıӰջ漴Ըǹڵϰɣϸ˵䣬첽ǰ߽˴

ܷܷһ˯˯磬ڤǰͥ÷һԾܾûء

Щ꣬ԼڤԽԽˣߵ˺£˵Ļ˵ͬʱǴһ˿ϲԼ϶ǷˣŻȥ

ı仯е£ԼϲϲǾΥԼʱĳԣɲϲּ顣

ԣҪ͵ģҪסԼĵ׵ķߣ̤׳ذ벽

ȥ׼СˣҪڷ÷СķԸţһصӡ

С㣬ôˣүȥԷãΪʲôȥѵ

ȴǶܷܷһǰ׹ۣ㵽ȥȥԴŲͷв

ȥȥȥ汻ɵĲҵŵ˳ȥ

ˣ治ôӦоһֵУ޷ĴܺС

ķſ̧ͷûˣãʱűƿΪȥ

ôͰˣͷ̧˾䣬ſԾɲ붯

֧ѽΣűϵɣܷܷû̧ͷ֮ŲԽԽԵЩز̧ͷһֻûйͷſſëë棬ôſŲ

ֱ

ܷôˣ𣿡ڤ߹ϸʵ̧̽Ķͷ

ܷܷ˹Ƶģһ͵صͷʵô㣿

ڤΪɵķӦʧЦ˭ڵ𣿡

˭аҪ㣡СֹΪûȴķЩõüͷ˵ʲô

̧ܷܷͷһЦ룬ʲôҲû˵ͻȻ֮װŴǷո˯ѵű˴

ܷ㻹ûԣ׼˯ѣǿ

ᣬ˯ҲҪܡĺķĲ챧ԹڤֻǿݵЦЦĺš

ԣ˷˯緹ôҲԣ岻ã˵䣬Ҫ´

Ҫҡһ𣬴ʵ֡

һƵʵܷ㻹ҵ𣿡

ǵģ̹ףشҲɴ࣬ȴЩġ

ˣܷҪˣӣҿǻ۵ġתȥӣ룬ȴ΢΢Щ𾪣ôˣ







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ˣܷҪˣӣҿǻ۵ġתȥӣ룬ȴ΢΢Щ𾪣ôˣ

ôҪޣ

ûôֻЩжˣͷӣô죿ôãôģԼ޷ֿĻϲ

ôһҪӣ˴أ˻У˵ϲӣҺûʲôģԴ뿪ҾҲûǵһ㲻Ҫˣ𣿡

˭ʲô£㰮ӲطţȴȻؾͲůţĻҲ

ԼЩˣ˵ûǸŮˣﾹȻǸˣҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪˣǸˡ

أʲôҪô

һãθҲ͸̧ͷ˵Ҷˣ

ǳȥԷɣڤ飬һѽ˴

ˣԣѾԸȥ׼ˡߵ¡

ǿɲԷһ๫ڤҲ˹ȥԱߣĶͷֻܷܷҵޣӴԺҵֻһˣԺڸֱŤˣ𣿡

ôϣҲԼ㰮Լôһ죬ȫҸˡ

δ֪İȴʣıġ

͵ĵƹ£Ŀôᣬô飬ôרעĽסЩ

˵Ψһޣ˵ӴԺֻһˣôĻﰡŮ󣬴Ŷ㶯ݰɣ

Ŀע¿ʼ룬Ҳ鲻ԽظݣǱǧ

Ӧţ鲻ԽĶͷӡһǣˮ

ҡʼЩŤ

ôˣڼһ·»ߵıǼ⡣

ǣ΢Լ·Ҫ뵣۾ԼԽԽֵᣬڲ֪УЩҪ޷԰ˡ

ҡǲϲˡΨһ뵽ԭ

ѱǵ־˵ĻԵô翣ģ֪Լ˵Щʲôֻ֪۾ܵȫᡣ

ţۿžҪ˵ĴȻʶʲôƵģͣϲʵ㡭ղ˵ʲôˣ˵һ飡

˵ʲôôе㲻ǵˣĴһ뿪ħҲ֮־ˣʶȴԵЩģ

ղǲ˵ϲңһԺǵõӣԵЩΣֻԼ˵ˡ

žܷܷݺݵԼһƣûûаɡ

һǷ˲Żô

Уˣڤһڿ϶

ܣô˵ĻһˡܷܷʸڷϣϲһǼܶòãرȻҲܳϡ

ôܣһαǣСͷˣô㡭

ҡ⣬ȴĴҪ˵Ļʺ䣬תһĽ

˷ǣյˮЩԵССĳͷ

᲻صؿҧ۵Ĵ꣬ʱʱ໥棬ǳֱ룬ⷭԵء

Եųͷǣеһشˮ꼸ǣǱɰ㣬Щͷغţ۾ѲܿƵϣָǲԾĲӡ

ǸҪܣĵȴڴ

ҪͻȻ֣룬пܻʵķޡ

漰ʱ֣űסס

飬ȷԼ⣬׶ΣûΪ޵׼ԣ£ܾиһܽӴ








236

飬ȷԼ⣬׶ΣûΪ޵׼ԣ£ܾиһܽӴ

ҺãڤҲֻױҲû̫ǿ

˵Сӣô۵ĹţܷܷȴڤλǺæÿľͲӰʱŻ

֮󣬶ܷܷӲĥе֪ҵסַҲϵǵԼϵͬλة࣬ãϵְ

ʵԼϵܸϻ磬ܷܷлǸеȽοģ˭֪ٳڰӣҲδʲô£ˣҲδһ֪֮١

ˤƿһ£ڤʶ˵ˣ죬ıˣڤȥµѾͷɨԺ䡣

λڤĺܷܷܳҲᵽˣһ飬һĺȫϣֻûֳˣĵȴǻϲѵġ

ô˷Լľķ˲Сı仯ǰӲעĺã˴ȴεεļͷҲϲ벻ϲ֮ɣ

Ȼ֪һȻҪȥݷһʾڣúõʹ졣

ҹһ£ڵĻϣϡɵĵ׺ܣҹĻ£һСӰݶٵӹԾ֮䣬ܿ

ȥǰլӣҪѰĿ꣬վڶݶ¿ŵϷһ⣬οţլƽ֣ҹĻºۡ

ܷܷ΢ǣһԾլĸǽ



Ķܷܷװŵؽ˷סһ齿ڤúõ˯ȳƣûһļŵһĲԷ

˵Լºڣÿ˯ŵƵģҲȽϷ

ܷܷɵϣǱԼŮŻȥģ̽סЦĳ嶯

ҵϷ֪ڶ᲻ɵ

ףôذ

̧һ˯ڤԽ磬ѹϣЦҪȥοȡ

ϣղ̧˸ͷӻûӾѹ˹

ιˣһ˲䣬ֱñӴѹЩþţȴץס˫֣ǯͷ

㡭û˯ţֲõҲͻˣǴмһۣȴѲӰѹô׵ؾԽ磬ԭѱĳȥ

ҵˣؿշңô˯šԱǼĦģң㵽ȥˣ

һʲôʱģЩ˸

ҡéˡȻϴùǸɡ

Ŷɣŵ𱡴üʵϸéҪ𣿡

һ۴ɫЩףȻѾˡ

éڣƺ˿ǣǿˡ

ܷܷһõЦǺǣҡۣԡԡͶ˻ᡣ

µһ飬ôûһéζ

ܷܷ²ֵض˶ƲƲ˵İñζ

һЦ¶һŰ׵ݣЩۣȾ˼ĨϷʣãҲñӣˡ˵գ㸲ĴʺͷϸϸĴ͡

㡭΢΢ЩϢؽţǴӴ괫У˸顣

ģɫ߾֪۸Ҫǣڱ۸ʱ򣬾Ȼ˿ܡ

ô᣿õƵţȴԵȻһ˵Ҳ˿

͡С

ôţǲֵƤʲô£лЩɳӰζ

ҡûС˵Щֻͣѹ̫󰡣˳//ջ־ٱԵ





237

ҡûС˵Щֻͣѹ̫󰡣˳//ջ־ٱԵ

ҶˣƤļһȻҹװȥŻˡһ۵ӣϷ漴ֽ˻С

Ժ׼ȥΣյˡɷ֪жൣģ֪飬Ͳк飬ԾɵֲסӲĥûޡ

֪øȴֲʧ

㡭ңΪܿһеԭ

֪ˡоõ˵仰ʱĵ⣬ؿڲѹЦ¡

ô֪Ƿģ𾪹󣬱Ǻ棬û뵽ͦ𣬾Ȼʲô֪Ÿװ˯

һƭˣƭʮĹƭȻ﷭ˡ

ģ

㡣ЦĲŸǲ˯

ߣСһؿڣ˯ţ㲻ңҾ˯ţ

ð˯ţǾİɣһٶȽѹ£Цаȡ

ģʲô˼ܷܷһʱûӦЩԻ漴˳ַζԼؿȥ

֣֪ʱ½󳨿ɫĶ¶˳йˣüﰵһ̧֣ɫ½󣬶ص

˯ͻȻ죬˸ĹǷ󣬱۾һĲУҪ˯ȥӡ

Цһ̾Щʧ

ܷΪԸȡ۾Ҫ˯ŵʱͷŨŨ⣬Ǽᶨ

ЩݣȴʲôҲû˵ֻǽһֱֻµıζ˯ĸİģ

ۣл㱣ӹĺܿ죬һա

տ쵽緹ʱ򣬶ܷܷͤ͵ؿЩûʲô仯ķ羰

С㣬˷Ź˵Ǹġ˽滹ϰԵĽС㡯

ִܷܷӹţſڸû⣬Ժ׾ͽȡ˳

ɾӣ㣡չֽһֽϾд˼򵥵İ˸֣ڤܹ֡ʮһ֡

ʲôãҪȥɾӸ𣿡ܷܷʣȴǻϲģһ쵽æҲ֪Լȥһ£

棬ҽôܷܷվԭתһȦĶҷسȹչĺƮеԽ飬Ʈݡ

ܺð΢ЦŵͷСһֱ˵ģǰɵӣڵĵŹ֣ӡһֱ

ٺ٣𣿡ܷܷץŷЦеɵ֣ǳɣ

ȥɻ

ɾӣţǿ߰ɣܷܷЩȲرǰ棬˻شؽں

ܸСүãĵΪܷܷģЦɵӣү谮

ģȻܷܷҲСʲôóԺĶķݣֻżϲ׽Ūһ£Ҳʿɶִֹ֪硣

һ·Сܣͣظϵɾӣ¥ʱ򣬾̫ڤ첻ڶöܷܷССһѡ

ڤ죬ܷܷǺܴģ̫Ȼ˵㣬֪ǲ£Թзֵĺ壬ܶʱҲǿӣû̫֡

磬ôҲˣɣܷܷһˮ죬ȥ޸ʣΣŵģȴʧһζ

ԼصޣЦĸأȴҲڸǲеϲۡ

һߵİɫۣΪӢˣ˼ţڣĽ˿壬иŻ








238

һߵİɫۣΪӢˣ˼ţڣĽ˿壬ڴŻбͶҫΪֻ

ܷܷأΪζڤССΣԸ۰֪ΪΣ˷˸ƵģһʱЩ˵һ˫ǰ࣬µµתͣ۾ɣ

࣡

һҲѧǰصޣЦء

󣬡˱ĬһЦһǰһ¥ںڤûдӡ

¥ͬߣȵʱ˸Ǿſ˰졣

ԼҲվٶȺĬ̧ͬű˴ˡ

֪ΪΣܷܷ֪ԼҲʱ⡱ĪһЩ

֧ѽԣ˼ΪβʱڤὫƿˡ

ǣ̧ȥ󣬶ܷܷϣԶҲûƿţôҲͲῴʹĻ档

ҵķŮ§һŮ½󿪣¶еңؽ󳨿Իļɢҵ˹

ڤƿŵǿ̣§һǵĻȣǻһܷܷѣһʹ

㡭ǡڤɫ԰ףĵĳ̶ȣҲڴһ޷Ķܷܷ

ɿԻҵ·

ܷܷ֪ԼΪʲôҪվȷʵվҲǸ·Ƕݵʱľ˼ɡ

𾪡ġʹľ󣬽սȭͷɿĵݡ

񾭹˴ġһļĳ;ϴ񣬱ЩƵˡ

ܷܷڤʧؽлʱȴǳЦȻĿһԣҲӿӰ߽ȴԶ롣

ˣͲţԼ̫ɵˣڿһδһ£ʲô鶼棬ǰ飬Ҳ˰ɣ

ΪĻ̲סһĳʹ

죡ôˣҦɪη˹ȥ㡭ҽͺ𣿡

ҪʲôĶʧʧʹܡʹڤŭתΪ̾Ҫ˵ȥˡ

ߣڤܷܷȻڶЦ˲Ĵ㵣ܷܷ

һʱ䣬治֪νͲźãֻôĻţǧ͵ɣȴ߾ת䣬޷˵

㲻ҪŸҽͣôĶͰɣֲǵһοϴβǱ𱩡

ֻǸȴȻͬϴǶģγ˶ģȴʹʧʧ

ƽ̬ȣԴǣĻֵ̿ģ˲ȵףϣʱ֣ƢûصأǰķӦ侲е£µ

ҶԲ㣬ҵıӦڤ˵شЦЦȴһޱĴûڸУԵúǲ

硭ڤͷҪǰڤһܷܷȴת˲䣬Цȥ

ǣ˲ýͣȾ׷ȥܷܷ

һĸ˱ֻʣˣҦɪʧɫͷϸܵıҧԵЩ԰׵Ĵ죬ǻȥ˵ɣҪôҶκԹԵġ

ڤ۾ãΪᷢƢʱȴͻȻתһԵشҴȥ

ߡ

ܷܷܷܷ

ڤһ·׷ţкţǰĶܷܷȴţµĲķɿ졣

ˣôһܣһ׷ţĴ֣Ƕ󣬾ԽԽԶܷܷȴķȥ

ܷܷڤһҪ뿪ɣٷ








239

ܷܷڤһҪ뿪ɣٷ

һԾǰ棬Ȼܷܷ͵Ṧ˵ãڤṦҲף࣬磬ǳ뻯

ܷܷǰļϣȴֱֱײĻڤ̻ĽģƾôҲ벻Ļ

ܷܷ鲻㿴Ǹӣ˵òã

ſҽſһᣬ㲻ˣֻǳĺǳš

ҲţΣζţҲš˵䣬̧֣Ѩ

ֻܷܷԼһʲô˰㣬Щѣһȴ޷ž

Ȼ书

ɡѾŬʹԼƽ̲סٶŭڡ

ãұɣֻҪס㣬Ҳ衣ֻз书ܹô׵ؾȥ̫ʧȥˡ

ŵҡͷ۾ԭĿֻҺ㣬Ϊ飬ߣǾܵ飡룡

ܷܷҽͺ鲻㿴Ǹӡ

ҵ˫۰ɣұϹӣұʲôҲͿˣһнͣκλԡ

ܷܷʵʧʧʧĺϣԼǸϹӣҲͲῴղŵһĻҲͲģʹࡣ

ܷܷ㲻Ҫֻһˣֻǹȥֻǹȥ㽫ӵĽģҪѪ⣬ȴǾԶԼȴʧȥô죿ô죿

ܷܷҪңģҺ𣬾һΣҪ뿪ҡ

۾ɬɬģеίе̣ȫһΣġҪ뿪ҡ

ۡ˺ܾõ˺ܾõᣬھ̣ΪʲôΪʲôҪҿĳǱһϲõ飬˸߲ҵǰȥԼΪοȴһ͸Ļ棬úޣʹ

Ҳһ̣Լڲ֪ϲϲŻǰʧǰʹ

ܷܷҪֻһᡭ

ᣬʲôᣬҶôˣ㻹Ҫƭң㵽ƭҵʲôʱ򣿡˫סԼӣԵЩΪʲôôɵȥЩ˵ڲ֪УĽԼһġ

ܷܷҪҴûƭ㣬ѡҺ𣿡Ღס˫֣ץס滨ģһۣôһ˿ϲΣΪ

֪ʱа񣬶˽뷨̲ס

ףǸÿһĵˮô飬Ҫƽеˡ

ǵһôһ˲Ļ㱣ǣĴգƸϵʱͻȻһ飬ݺݵҧסĴꡣ

ȴУҲɿúܵ㣬ʹʲôأֻǽץĽģһֻ֪Ҫסץסʧȥ

Ѫζɬˮｻһղܵζĵס

Ȼɿ֣סͷףǵķҪйһжİգ޷ʹʧȥĻ̿֡

ĽӣһԴҲĿҰֱݺݵؿҧ۵ĴҲеһ˿˿ʹ

ϣһ̻ʱһͣסôҲͲ𣬲ᣬʹֻôţ㾡һеţݺݵţֱľͷ

ֲ֪Ҳǰ㣬ԽԽкޣаΡ

ֱҰǻڼ㾡һӵǵĴ£Ҳ̲סȦ޳ĲӣһΣӦݺݿҧĴ꣬

ҧƤѪ˭ԸֿѪڱ˴˵Ŀн㣬ղܵĸоĵ׳ٳ

˺ΪаʹΪ顣









240

ҧƤѪ˭ԸֿѪڱ˴˵Ŀн㣬ղܵĸоĵ׳ٳ

˺ΪаʹΪ顣

ǻڼҲڼֱһٲɿ˴ˣһǾĻΪϢʱǲʹطſ˴ˡ

ԣĴѪ˿ˮһҧǰ˸ԵѪᣬҲעһľ

ôһ֮סܷܷоϲ㣬ֻϲ㡭Ϊૣ߻

ĸһȴ뽫еĻ˵Ҳɷ֪ҲϲŻǰʹǰʧ

Ҳ֪ܲԭ㣬һһ֮Լסһ֮꣬뿪ϣҲԼ˵գĻޱתȥǰ档

ں棬ĸţҪȴܡ

ŲԵúǣɫЩ࣬⡣

ͻȻúֻۣҪҸطúõ˯һٴֻһУֻһ̫õζѡ

ϣһֻǸΣôԼǺʹҲЩڷӿ

ΪλǶܷܷûûεĶֻܷܷǵÿ֣ȴ˵Ķܷܷǡ

ȰⰲοʱͻȻһתǰڣһ˴ĲѵЩ˹ȥڰʶĸ졣

ϣһֻǸΡ

ܷ

Ϥĺһ˿ʶԼĺڴžԲŻǰܴǰʹ

ʹҲգҲãɵùҴһΣǼչȥ

պ󣬱㴫̫Ըȥػ꣬ԶȥΡΡɼ̫֮λ

һʱ䳯÷𣬴Ҷ飬λΪ̫Ӻãбλѡˡ

Ƿֱǣүڤ庣үڤƣүڤүڤƵĺߵģϻʵȴԼĴ㡣

ʵ϶ҵ鸴ӵĺܣǾʱ鵽һߣԺٽ⡣



һöĶܷܷڸ˸Ƶģ쳣£Ӣ벽ÿԺ鷨֮󣬱ڴǰŴЩٿӣ

鷨һ죬ʱҲԷһ죬Ȼ˯ҲԻ찵صĻһ죬Ӷ˵Ǻû졣

ڼڤߣҲ˵ֻǲϵְ鰡Ҫװ˯Į

ӢϢҲֻԹԵſһϵ飬˯ۣ˰ҹԲҲʶȤزˡ

գڷ֣ддţЩ

ͷһ漴±ʣ˫ڼһɨīֽ⣬Ӧ䣬䣬һء

ᣡᣡŪ˻ӲýźҲţҪǳ׻ٻŸġ

ܹˣܹĸоͺñһֻնеĽ˿ûɺĿռ䣬ѹֵϢ

ᣡᣡڵİ裬Ļϵķ䣬еڵϣеǽϣĴ죬ž˷

⣬Ȱȴǲҽȥŵɪɪ

ô£ͻȻһ

ͷһɫۡž޵ڤһϲȳˡ

ȻСʱںүֱŤɸоõС㻹ϲүģΪÿСⲻүƲֵ뿪СܻүԶߵıӰ񣬵үͷʱȴֶ㿪ȥ

үСڷƢ

Ļû˵֪꣬ʲôŰϣŰҵĻε

ŵһԣڤȴü¸ҵŴ˽ȥ










241

ŵһԣڤȴü¸ҵŴ˽ȥ

ûݣһ˹ҿӦ죬ὫͷһƫǲϣӦ䣬ͷһŷһӣƬһء

ʲôҲ뿴㣬㣬㡭ڤûü̧ͷ쿴ƣܷܷϵĻͷ

ȴЩЦڿϸ˵ˣȻʲôûϲ˵ĻҲоʵĴڣҲùĮӣǸоʹġ

ܷôˣҵһĨǳЦ

̧ͷЦ˲Ĵ㵣ȻЦĳĥ޷ܵĺУҪȥ

ûӦʱӭ˹һץס˫ۣʹҡţҽѨҪȥĥЩʡ

ⲻҪһɲ䣬ĸо

һԾ˵ܲˣ

ܷܷ㲻ҪôڻС˲ĥģһü˷

Ӧ˵յһƿһԵıӣͺݺݵȥ㣬㡪

һξǱӱӲҵͷϣʱѪע˳Ŷһ·䣬׵ϣһ欣Ŀĺߣ˿ЩĿġ

ʱͣסڣɵ㶵վģΪһʹΪʲô㿪Զ㿪İ

ȻѪעܲˣǰһɵ㶣ԺڵڻУܷܷҪҴһЩ飬ұѨģһ£ܾõġ

Ϊʲô㿪޷ˣǴĿĺ죬ʹĸʹʲôģǾǿƲס

ɾĵĻ棬̼Ѩòɵжĥ

Բɷϣĵףǰںģ̫࣬һϲܸġ

ԹᣬᵽжӸжϲһ·Ŀһ·ᣬһ·ǧذת⼸ĶԾֶ飬޷Ľǰ

Ϊ֮䲻ǵŮ֮飬лĸУǣķཻ֣֡

ิӣ֣ЮƣҲ޷ֽţȥ

ܷܵ㣬ҳˣûкһ㣿һҲںˣº͵Цţһֻܡ

۾ɬĵһϤŸжĶ˲ܱȫס΢΢Щ

㣬㡭ءᴷʵţп޵ĺòģ漴ֽıסֶߵܵƵģôؽסñ˴˵岻һ϶СϲţὫȾʪ˸͸

ˣᣬᣬ㲻Ҫٿ˺۾˻᲻ƯҲ۵ġЦţһ̣׵ؾʹᱧߵ£ԼϣԼ档

ΪʲôѡϣֻΪƢʱЩͶᣬ

ŮҪԷƢһͥң

Ĩᣬȴ̧֣Ѫ˿ڣ𣿡ʵС۲ѡ

һϲ磬ȴͻȻװһʹ಻ѵı飬ü鴤ǣ۴еʹ

һʹ˳ֱֱص˴֮ϣȻûǴ˫˫Ŵ

ĺʹ𣿡Ե˿ңҲ˲ڵжϵ־״սģСϸ˿ڵѪ˿

ۡ΢΢ͷĶͷҿʱסû˵ĶͷԼġ

һ漴⺰棬ҩүˡ






242

һ漴⺰棬ҩүˡ

ˡúõôˣ

еһɻָڴϣ˼һᣬһЦӦŶ

ܿ죬ҩ䣬ܷܷ۵һθֽԵЩ׾ɴҲЩѿ

ǣڤȴЦſĺãһԵ͵ЦţȴƣȶܷܷʶȤҩ뿪ˣĵؽŸϡ

ںͺˣźһ

үÿôȴӲǱСҳһ˺ۣСµ֣飬ôү̺Ѿ߿ǿĽѣҲܷܷġ

һ뿪ڤỽŻڹעͷƵĶܷܷ

ܷܷ˵䣬㽫˻Уҵ𣿡Ŀˮ·뽫С

סĲӣ῿ͷܹɣᣬӺè㲻Ҫҽ͵𣿡֪ΪΣ˿̣˿ģˡ

ۣѵ˹ɣڼͷĵһůůۣˣ

𣿡ͷţȴѡţΪλѡֻΪϲһֻƾо

ѾйһθʧܾصޣʧܸգҪҪĳף˴ģԼͺãܸܵõʱδؾʵҲһΣᣬҲԼᡣ

ϣ鲻Ҫȥƭˣôƭ˭Ҳƭܷܷ˵ĿֿɫǼᶨ

ԣֵεĶ𣿡ؽĻ̧ӭĿ⡣

ǵģܷܷĻһ𣬺Ǹжĳ飬ǻڼ﷭ӿ

һֻ̣һͷݺݵסǣжж

ܷܷûʧҲûۡ

ͷѹ£ƬſĴһ𣬸ǣŶԱ˴˵밮

ԭգڤǱҦҪЮȥԼģֻ˴һŸ˵֪˶ܷܷܣ֪ûķ

ȥԼĻҪܹҪ֪ĸʣ˵Ǹ

Ȼô֪ܵģǸеܵģܿȥԼԣҲûü߶ܷܷ

ֻǲϣһȥԼֳͶݣ˵Ҫعںã鸴ȼȻǲӦɡ

ǣȴﲻϵ߿࣬ô˵ҲİˣһʱǰȰο䣬ȴûԼ½ջһǿǣҵ˺

պʱڤƿţͶܷܷ˶Ļ档

һʵܷܷԥؾѡţĳ̫һ򵥵Ľɫڤ˵Щ飬ǸƻһŮˣԿĳ

ֻڤɵǣ֪ͨڤԼǺˣʲôģ

ܶʣһʱȴҲ𰸡

ǣƺŨЩģҲĿЩ

Ȼͺˣǣܷܷ˵ʲôҲڤ˯Ϊ˯̫࣬ҪС޷ܡ

ڤвʣҲ̫ΪҲЭҹػ

գڻƻʮӭһλͣʱܷܷڷﲹߣֻڤߵĺȴĺ磬Ӳ˯ȣǷȥɢ˸Ƶٷ

ʱ룬ܷܷǷ𴲣ֽ棬ٵذһ˱һǰһǷȥ

𣿡

ˣͶסա

ߵſڣܷܷڤڸ̸ʱˬʵЦ²õ鲻ӦѣӦҲ







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ߵſڣܷܷڤڸ̸ʱˬʵЦ²õ鲻ӦҲѣӦҲ

ֻûϵǣǹ;һʱ䲻Ľơ

̧Žȥû׼ĶܷܷĽȻȴϤôһ˲иζӣ˼һ˲ҲǧذתüΡ
 
û뵽ȻٳǰδȴǻرܲˣԵģֻڤѡ

ܷܷڤǰᣬİע¶ɡ

ܷܷһӦתͷԼĽ΢΢ףڤ˹ȥ

ܷܷͷԷʱܸоõĽƴӶͶעϵĿ⣬ż̧ͷ΢΢һЦȴ롣

Ľȴѡۼض㿪Ŀ⡣ķӦܷܷаԺЦǰŤ

ڶܷܷļ룬Ľƺ˵ֻĺžƣԲȴ٣ڤȴϵвˣҲԲԵˣЦǺǵؽķ˶ѳһСɽ

Ҷ˵ֻʣû׽ʳһٷԵЩơ

꣬ڤĬˣһЦŶܷܷ˵ܷܷϳȥе飬ʱĽɣ

ô㻹ҪȥܷܷЩԸߡ

еҪ죬ܿԣ˵꣬ͷӡǣ漴Ҵҳˡ

гŵӰܷܷ뵽ʲôƵģĽסһ£

ڤͣ½ŲվסɻػͷȴǶܷܷæߵӰ΢΢һЦ̧׼뿪

ң˼Ȼֻܷܷͷ΢ЦŵͷǴӦЦȫǶĳ硣

һᣬܷܷ˻ֻȴһɫ磬ڤģһ۾ϳˣĵǸжû뵽⡣

ٶˣϣ¼ǵ߶̣߰磬ϵϴӣվȴĿȥ

ܷܷԵ˿һѽ˻У࣬漴ɿЦŵлл

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ڤһαǣŴվһԵĽкҳŰˣܷܷĻɣ

˵գٴܷܷ۵СŴЩᣬת뿪

ӣվһԵĽƿìⲻһֱϣٳɵĺ𣿿Ǵ˷Ƽʱȴ̲סĵ׷࣬Щˡ

ڤĳţܷܷķԸĽ齵ıԷ÷԰

һԺ÷ȴΪδʱ򣬸ɿݵ֦Ȼ£ζȴڲزԵЩ䡣

һǰһĽݣѾߺܿ˲ˮȲﰲţŲ˵˲Ĭ˿Ρ

ܷܷеЩĵغ˿ڲ裬Ľȴֻǿ˵Ҳ

㡭ܷܷЩ̲סط²豭뿪ʲôɵʱҲڣĻϡ

ң㻹𣿡

ܷܷӯӯһЦҸͿϣллģҺܺã

֮䣬ʱҪˣ̾һʵ

ⲻѡҲϣİôʱȴˡ

ܷܷһЦתƣǰʲô£

ҡҪɻˣġ΢΢˶٣漴ֽ˵ȥ

ܷܷ΢΢һеıӲ˲㽫ˮ漴ǿҪĲˮڣ£ƽЩҵ

ȻѾѡ֣ʱӦҪƽ׿˵Ҫɻ飬̲ס˿

˵ҪȢĲôЩԣת۱Ӱ

˵Ҫɻ飬ȢˣҪˣĲƺܣЩǿѣΪֻǸ˽ķˣΰ






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˵Ҫɻ飬ȢˣҪˣĲƺܣЩǿѣΪֻǸ˽ķˣΰ

ϲŬҪʹԼƽһ˿ȴЩܿƵĲţ˵ļѡ

ллʱصĿƽ

ܷܷһںڵĴ⣬ͻȻЩͷϵǱ裬²豭˵ɫҲˣҲͲˣҲϢɣ䣬̧Ҫߡ

ңԲ𣡡ϴξ˵Ļ

ܷܷ΢΢һ𣬶ͷĬһᣬԽͻȻЩȣʵĳ˳졣

̧ͷЦŶ˵㲻ضҸеκͱǸʵҵжܷܷҲ֮ǰȢǸɵФңֻҵһҲ˵һֱƭ㣬Һʵһԣ㲻ضҸеκΣ㲻ǷʲôҶҲûκεĺԹ

䣬ԽԽԽԽǣǶ˵ʹæ뿪ˡ

ĽȴȥıӰԷɫףôˣȴû˸˵

Ȼûһ𣬵ȴʵϲֱգǶĸ̹ģĵףֻǵһĵŮӡ

ǣմĿе֪ԼбŪɣĸһЦһʱе

ߡ

ܷܷԽԽòԾٶ䣬ǽȴ쳣ܱ½󣬿ڸﲻѣҲȻ١

صӢʵܣѵ£ֻһ㵥£ȴܣ˻Ƶģ겻

ԼҰȷ磬ù켰ˣʵС㣬ôˣϴһ;䣬СȻһ»Ҫæӡ

֪ȵЩ٣ʼϢ

ӵͻȻһУŵ־ЩģĶܷܷһ㶣ôˣ

С㣬Ѫˣ˵

ŶȴЩԺӦֻԽԽȣͣǧֻץʴһСȼգڣȫ̲ܵס

棬ȵĺܣ㡭㡭ȥ䣬㳶˵µ½¶ŸĵĴ춵˺Ķȴûֹͣڲϵ˺Ŷ

״ķԸæתţ׼ȥҴ򣬿һţ˰¸ϻڤ

ڿһ˿ɥԮүС㷢˹ֲȥȾɣ

ʲôֱһӹڤٵس嵽˴ߡ

ֻһɫ糺죬۾ץűǣȥѪӿĶܷܷġ⡱һ¡

ܷܷôˣ

־ЩģĶܷܷ۾ſгһ죬ҡҡȡܡ϶˵һ仰ֱűӷ

糺ɫʹģҩļ

Сôˣһżš

ȥȵ㳶һ¸˶ܷܷ/Ľϣֿס

汻ĺŵһ㶣ܿշԸ˳ȥ˳ƽŴϣĵվ⡣

ɲݡڤܿ̽˲飬һֺҩҩɽ⣬жű޵ʱ˽ϲܽⶾȻѪӿ°ĭ

˿̶ܷܷ/ģѪӿ㣬°ĭ¾ȶˡ

ôҩģ



ڤ˼䣬ܷܷץס֣Լϲߣֻһ˿ˬʣ

ĸдڤҲ޷о˼̧ЩǲסĲӾһǣСָǲֵ˺






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ĸдڤҲ޷о˼̧ЩǲסĲӾһǣСָǲֵ˺

ҪţҵĽлţȴ֪ҪʲôֻһŻڱߣܣɽӿҪõͷţǿҪʲôܿο

ڤСһǵԳͶ֣ҺܳʱûŮ˵ʱﻹѳֵס

ܿ죬ӦȥԼ漴Ҳѵһ˿ңţ˫˫ӵű㵹Ĵϡ

ҪҪҩĥǲ壬ʧȥǵĶܷܷҵ˻ţȴǲ÷Ҳ֪ôĽģ͵ŤŽȴǽ/εԽ͡

ȫļѳֳһƬۺ죬ǰķӯǸŴصĺܾСӰ㣬΢΢ţѲϸܵĺ飬ɢ˵㡣

ٿĥҲѹסҪ޳Ө˫ȣֲһͦ㽫Ǳǵ/ʪĻģһʹ͸ǲıĤ

ʹһУһξӨ˳۽Ļ䣬ֱָۣǶƤ⣬һŷҷҵĺѪӡ

խůĸоǿҪ鶯ĳ嶯׾סĴ˿ӿɨţշת࣬űĴƸǲſյߣסķӯ꣬һ·

һĸо͸Ĵ࣬ʹħ˫֣û١

͵黺ʹ֮ıҪȲͷţ͵ŤŽҪȡ࣬ͷȼеǰѻ

֪С˶ı仯ƺһ㶯ٶȣӿ죬ϵײϵĳ̣ÿһζĽϡ



صĺ̫Ķҹдһ˵ƪ¡

ƻҡҷǽϽһӰƽɫ᣸ҡε

⺮Х̹ǣȴǴŨƻ𣬺ڸǷ

¹Ӵ϶ڰһĨλõɫʣҹ

գһҹһҹ˯ĸ𣬸

һµ͸ķ϶Ƥ˽ϷĴ󴲣ȼһҹȼϨ

˿⣬ڤ˿˶̧˯

̧ۣǶܷܷ˯СʱһֻӺ̰˯Сè䣬ĻУؼҹĲ࣬ĴǾ޷ѹֵҪϵĽš

֣һĽ§õԼǿһֽҸ۵ĸо﷭ӿ

ȫȫˡ

һ̣ưһС죬ţҪһ˿ɵĿ϶

ȴЦưɵС죬Ħ涣һ˿˿ĸо

ŵڲŵ˯ӣģ˲

һУƿأǵЩ㡭ô

аȵһЦ𻰣ĿԵЩƣ˳ߣͷһƣŷԼӣڷĶĻؿڣذ¶ˡ

æӽԼסȴ̫ȫ˹һӣͬһ˿ҵӣޱչǰ

޳ܡŵرۣ졭㴩·Сߵͨ죬͸ƻˡ

Ҵ˵˹ȥ˳굽ıʼ֣ëëţ

ԼûûŰҵضţ΢΢ЩǺǡҪ

Ҫʲôһѹ£Цƻƴ˺ҵͣĸ˵ҪһҪ𣿡װһ˵ģܷܷŶ







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Ҫʲôһѹ£Цƻƴ˺ҵͣظ˵ҪһҪ𣿡װһ˵ģܷܷŶ

㡭㡭뷴˵˵ȻһЩ棬Ͻסؼҹߵĺ޲Ҹȥһ˲䣬ѪȻӿСպ죬̵ˡ

һǿȴӲװɵ㶵˵ҡҡǵˡ˵꣬㣬ߣͷʶЩ̿ˮ

Сûĵģǵ𣿡ͷҧۺ٣ʣŪţʾĳͷ

ҪһȻϮķʳӺУ˵ĶŪһӱ˷Ӧ̲סһЩΡ

ܷУϲ΢΢̧ͷЩ룬ҲЩ鶯Ҳ̳/ЩƵͳȴǸӻˣ˳١

ͷ㽫һǣļˮͫϵŨܵĽëǣһֻʱչĺ΢΢ţ޴Щڴ

һ·ƣüҵȻű»ĴֿͣжĲӣﻹһЩۺĲݮӡǣս

űĴƣŴĶϸеļߣһ·ɽԽ룬ֱܻ԰

ҩ£ʧǣʶЩģΣҪúõϸǱϵÿһƬ̣Զ¡

ܷܷһޣɬԵЩ޴룬ǸԼܾȴʵҪҪֹͣ

ʮָץסѩ׵ĴץۺۣʶŤŽ֪ĵֿӭϡ

ȴԲʹ˷Ź̵Ĵ۵ļÿһӡǣаȰԵȴҲ飬ʧᡣ

廬ԲͦɽߣŪȦȦһȦһȦǼͻ𣬽ӲٿȴֻǶŪȥҧ

Ϯһ˸߹һˣò֪룬΢΢Щʡ

һȦȦĶŪԸغסǷۺ˵ĲݮҧţţżţƴƽС£̽һƬ֣š

΢ӿ黰ૣѷֿʶߣһС

΢΢̧ͷٴ룬̧ȥ۾ܵӣ𴽽ǣһЦԵаˡ

СԶµġ

ͷǣĴһƬصش࣬ƽСһ·

塭ǣͣĲСһŻܣʲôɽҽһӿ

ôˣ֪ʣ/İƵͳ

Աѩ޳˫ȣ˽ȫǰʪһƬ۵Ļ΢΢ţ͸Һϵӿ

ܷ˫һȼգԾɰĺǸ¹

ͻȻֹͣöܷܷе˿΢΢ȴԼ˽Ƶĳ

ȻһҹʱǾЩѿܵɪӣ˫ȥ˽Ҫ

ܷĺ䣬ÿС֣ס΢΢ЩĻ꣬ǲϴӻӿ֭ҺʧһƬػ԰

塭ҪĽţ˵Ҫȴõࡣ

ʺɵ࣬Ļ̽ȥƤаʱʱò㣬͵ŤŽ鲻Խعӣ

е޴ؽһַֻҧţҪֹɷ˵ڶһֻץסѩ׵Ĵһҵץۡ








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ܷζ֪ʱ̧ͷ˫۳࣬ȻƵȻϷʺɵ࣬ϸСָ

㡭֡ᣬǣͻȻоһ̵Ӳ˽ҪĦţǴ̼ĿУ˵Եüѣʣµֻ

ܷеꡭ׾ס΢ĺ촽ɬһûһ壬ͦ

ȴв͵ҡͷɢңԧϷˮͼϣ˿˿ƣǣģס֣ѹ࣬ʮָۣһ˳﷭ӿ

صĴϢǳǳڳｻں

һ󣬶ܷܷ۵ٶȻ˯˹ȥڤȴǾ˴ȥ

ܷܷٶȴʮ֡

ֻоȫɢ˼ܰ㣬̱һʹޱȣֻҪԷʹһʹ

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ѵط˸ҪȴЩģЦŰһѣ

С㣬㡭ðɣ

ܷܷһҧ޺޵˵ãˣǻʹˣͲ㣬Ҫ㣬ôң¸ԵЩѡ

֮һ׸ɾȹϣЦŻȾŵѩ״ܷܷ·ʱؿڲһſŵݮӡߺС͵Ц˺üء

һֱͷʱϣֵͷ͵Цѡ

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С㣬֪ϾǶܷܷѾͷҲմȾһЩƢԣƤЦ

ϻ֪һʲôѾͷʱѧôģᡣ

ū澿ʵشˡЦ˵ЦöܷܷЩˬҪٲ˵Ҿͽ޸

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ÿؼǼһǺߴӵӣȴ̲ס͵飬۾Ķ֪˼ˡ

С㲻Ҫʵش⻹𡣡ܷܷвȻãСˣЩ˼ػصС㣬еĺôͣĽкҪҪ˵΢

ܷܷȴСպ죬㡭ˡö

ֻūū澹´˶ˣС㣬ôɱƵļУҪҲѣҵʱҾվ⣬Щģ׼㣬ׯʱס֮ū澲ź֪ô¡һʵеĻ˵˳

ܷܷȴΪĻԽԽ죬պ쵽Ӹô߳ܵ飬ȻĽҲˡ

ءҪˣ

С㣬㡭ôˣЩĵš

ûʲôүأ̧ܷܷͷһװµʵ



˭ҪұشܷܷȴƮڤõδӲĽĻϡ

֧ѽһŶ룬һϮۣεȻԶɽü˷ȫڲز˵Ц⣬̧ܷܷƵһɬرͷȥ찵ֹ˭Ҫ㰡Ҫ

үǰ

ڤͣעڶܷܷЩɬϣֶ̧һԵԸȥˡ








248

ȥҵͷأͷЩĺһۣǺ߽εģˣ̲סһ

ҵΪΪɺãӣģĸǱ裬Ť޵ַĺܣǰɵĲ١

һ뵽֮ǰпܸŮͷܷܷͺܲζд򷭴̳ӵļ˲ɫ̵һЦʵ죬ǰһܶŮͷɣ

ڤû뵽ʣԼһƬ⣬ɣ΢΢һ漴صǺܶ࣬һѡҦɪʵشš

ϣȴʻʢǲɫĵߣѿҲ֪ЩŮΪʲôҪ᣿ͭǸޱµԼ۾˵Ϲڮ١

ȻڤоʲôһЦ¶һѩݣЦĺǲá

ܷܷڳԴף
ϲԴ׵.

Դ׵ɰۺ˵΢΢ĺ촽ǰҧһڵĳ嶯һڸжɵôҲȷʵôˡ

Դףôܣ

˵Ťͷ뷴˵־ͱס죬սȻֹͣʣµֻǱ˴˵,д⡣

طſԼǵ΢΢Щ׵ӣ⣬Цĸ͵ȵè𴽽ǣչֳһ˵Ļȡ

ܷÿ!رǱǵĺ׵ӣΣˣ

ᡭЩɬ῿ﴷʵţӿֳһ˿ۡ

𣿡԰ӣƽӣٵȡЦŲ֪˭۾ǵô

УվݺݵסĲӣܲЦôᣬϧʱûǸߣ㣬ҶӶˣȥԷ

غһۣҪȥȴǽվȽŷЩģ˵߲վȣûãˣ

Сġ̾һؽᱧ̧ţŵز䡣

ܷܷɻſ׵ƸͣʮɻΪںԼһҹ֮Ȼô񣬶ԼȴôûУ

ʹ˵߸·Ҫ͡

ɣ˿˺ܲáȣĿ⣬ЩŤ

ʲôãߣôˣڱͺˣû뵽ҵܷһ߱˵䣬ػѾ߼Ҷǵ۹⣬ɿ͵һ£֮ˬʵЦ

ɫߣյһֻסЦͣҪֹЦһֻ

ЦȻֹסü΢΢Щ޿κΣﾡǳ硣

ˣȻһ˿ƽ⣬Щˬˣⰵˬ֮ʱû뵽ȴģʪ̴̵ĸоһЩŵÿƣ

ǺǡˬʶЦʺڴһ£ʣЦܷζóԣƺЩˣ

ȵϢϸϸеļϣģдһ˿ĻͬʱЩĻԺ

ˣˣŻԺЩ߰Ļ档

ᡪף޺޵ؿصҧһڡ

һоǺʹֻĵ׷һ˿ȶ˲Щȡ

֪СȻ׵ؾĻ棬Ȼڲͬġ

ȵС΢΢̣ʿˮȴ޷ĿƿʼЩڸڱ˴˵֮䴫ݣ̳

ʱ·ֹͣ񽻻һ̣ΧһѶڣֻεգֻ

ͷѹ£нŴϵϢ־ʼЩģ鲻ԽϵرۿҪ΢΢ĺ촽

ߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣߣ

𣡣˻֧һǵǶ࣬ȼΣ







249

ͷѹ£нŴϵϢ־ʼЩģ鲻ԽϵرۿҪ΢΢ĺ촽

ͻȻ

үѾˣҪ𣿡ƫƫвʶţǵΡ

ܷܷعԵЩң˻ͻȻ˵ץסС̧һǴЦʺѾߣɬؽůš

ĴУյ§Ѿˣֻܽ˳ĹԱС

ڤȴϰΪЦЦصԣϲ˰ɣ˵գ㱧ɬеĶ̧ܷܷţŵ˷

ԷʱܷܷΪῴĽƵӰǸûڤϺ뿪ˣߵĺܴæߵʱδкֻǽ˴˸Ŷѡ

ܷܷ΢΢Щʧͬʱȴ˿Ҫûߣ˿źһ÷治֪Լôȥ

Ȼ֪ô߳ܵ飬ΣϾйôһΣԼȷʵҲʵĸײټЩΡ

Թ緹ܷܷȥ˯˸ʵĵúϢԻָ

һһ˯һ磬ٴҲʱ䣬οɱöˣȽҲûôˣֻӻЩʣȴҲܡ

û鷳ڤ߽ȻֵûܷܷȻһʧ䣬ʳҲͽȻ½

û뵽ɫߣȻԼôеλʧǲԼеЩĪ

һǷˣϲ߲ϵ***ԼҡҡͷڵǷûʧͲ

ԷԷԼԼţڴڵĳԣȴǾЩζͬ

ҴҳĶܷܷЩȤԺɢ˻Ჽȫڤʱ䣬ΪʲôôæԼʱ䶼ûС

ǰеúܣǣ˷ͻȻ֣æ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ֪æЩʲô

ҹĻʹϣ̧ͷһƬʱʱ֣ȫûУ羰ûͣûܸ

ģȤĻصӢĿû˼ĳƵУ˳Է˯ʣµˣ

ص䣬ûһ־ЩˣԺ˯ˣʲôʱߵ֪

Ժо˵ĿϣƺʲôĿһ·ƣůůģģǲȴЩŵ

Ժ۵ڤЦһϲ΢΢ĵˣ

ûңʵһŨصľӭϮ

΢΢üȾƣҲϲžζЩУűӵȾˣ

Ǻǣһ㣬Ҿ㡭䣬ñһᣬǵ˿ĺ㣡

ܳҪô߿ᣡЩӶĵȴĿ˿ȸԾܿĪЩˡ

Ǻǣܷܷޣãȥϴɾץסһֻ󣬺ٺЦҪһȥϴ

ҲҪ붼һڻؾȻųܽӴǻ޷ô̹Ȼĺ̹ԣǻܺߵ

Ǻǣܷ㺦ˣ˵䣬㲻ķԣᱧȥ

ҲҪȥʹţȭؿڣͼͷȴʹǳЦ磬쳣

ţṦһ࣬ƮڰգΧķ羰һҲ⡭Ҫȥ

һ֪ˣһ۽ԼرĽü۽ȫŨŨЦ⡣

ˡֻգ۵Ĺ㽫һԾǽԺֱԶȥ

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250

ι㡭ķ𣿡˿ţҪܡ

ϴ˯ܸʲôȻѣţŶ룬ͷĶ˵ѵ㻹ʲô뷨ֱķȫϷʣЩ档

ûô˼벻࣬ᣡƣΪʲô֣ʱǰǳԱ·硣

֪ʲôʵߵЦĲС

㡭ҡܷܷһʱ֪˵ʲôãòԼ˵ʲôԽᣬȻټף˵̼Сĸΰͨͨķɿ죬˵ˡ

ģûصһۣ߹ⲻ

ѽҾø죬һҲģһĵġЦƤ˵ĸƤȴ΢΢ЩݣʵҲ˵ǰܣȻǳԱ񣬿ǣǾøˡ

ϲůĻУ۸о

װһۣ񣬷

ãΣص˸ɴࡣ

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һ˼ţִ˺˵ʱȴСıԡ

ԭʱѴԣϴԡˡ

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ã㡣˵䣬ЦţѸٵȥƺֻǳǳ˵㡣

ܷܷץƵģ۾ץסĲš

ˣûµģ۾ɣ͵ЦʱµĺܿɰͬһֻܾСӣϧ

۾ŷֳĺǳֻǲʶѡ

εĴˮǰǸﻺڣܣߣҲ˱˴˵Ӱλõĸо

ιʲô۲εʱȴְ·ˣһ˫ץס½Ŀ

·ϴģ·ôϴ㿪ҲǿȥԹԵԼ·¾˸ɾ

㡭㡭ôԵҵ·ŵ۴æס˫ۣ

ǹģǣȷʵˣĲ䲻ǻϵÿ鼡ⶼʵգ

Ƕʵʵķˣ㻹ôߣһ߱˵䣬һѽ̵˻У־ٵذʪܵ·˲Ӥ

ιɫߣʲôѽȴӲħצεڻУķӯʵš

УӨѩ͸ˮ⣬ЩԻϸõĴУ鲻ԽߣԽԽ룬ԽԽ١

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ܷͳɤƣ΢Ѭ£ԵԽȻ󣬴ʶ

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ĻӦ΢΢˴ǣǵԽϸԽ飬ħ˫֣ḧÿһеļĵȼ顣

ĿıݣɨÿһСݣĶСŪһ·ƣķӯţŪš








251

ڳӱߣᱧϣƣļͦȻؾͶסֻҪһ׵ػůĳѨ

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޳ָŪ۵٣̵Ĵһ·»᲻ؿҧеѩ

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еĻ棬ر׵ȼǿհһƬһƬҵ/֮УеһȫƾƿأоѲԼġ

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ַ̫ɬ̫УɵĴ̼Щظ͵ŤŽĳܣҪ

֪Ҫʲôһ޳ָ̽ůѨ/ţ͵һ˫ȲļнһһĿУָĶϵϮҪУӸǲ㺹ˮĻ

ҪţرסͷʮָزīΪɵĴ̼һΣͻȻ޵ĳ嶯

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ܷҵıôܣҲ̲ȥˣķ͵ڽҪ˫ֱסԲƨһͦ壬Ŀ顣

ͻȻ룬УܣȴΪ㡣

Ľխůʪٲһôˣս˫ۣԼ̵ĸÿһײֱﻨ

ɬײ½궯̼ĶԽ죬ԽԽ󣬡ܷܷ

Ƶĳ棬Ķ˲һ㼤ˣĴɴʯɵĳأÿһ䶼ǰ˻֤

ٶ£ﻶĶ塭



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ϲʲôһʱûӦ̧ͷˮĴ۾ЩãȻСΪŵĻ䣬˼˵ĳ죬۷͸ƻջ

С˵սϷɿһģѵˮ

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˼ؽͷѣԵͷҧһڣۣġ

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΢΢һؽ㡭ᡭ˵ᣬ˫ȴȵرסĲӡ

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вԳ//вȴ޷ƣ۵ٲˡ

ܷӵס׵ĸо壬ǲԾıܷЩлǸҩˣ˵ɣǲ֪ʱķޣܵӵ

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ͻȻڳĿаˬѣϧ⻹ûάֶãһ̱㱻ײ׷顣

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һӳվֵرߣ޳Ө˫ȲԼһͦʼصײÿһζֱĻÿһζ

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ôӣΪʲôҪȥҲܣߵﶼҪңĨᣬԵ˵

ܷܷȥֲ̣ȥ棬ôܴ㣿Ҳ᲻룬ܰ;ϣѪ߶

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ܷĻرסڻ࣬밲ǣ䣬һܿ

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Ӧȴ档

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ӣԼˣôܷĵߡûа취

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˸ĹǷӦ֪ˣ˯ɣ

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˷ٳȴۣɬһ㣬Ҳܡ

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ۿĿĵؾǰܷܷһϲµĲ졣

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ڤһ׷ȴǰԼ//ӣԵЩ㣬ֻܸɵۿԶ

Цվסֲɵվŵץ

ڤ·ʱ򣬶ܷܷܵĲӰ١

ܷܷһ·񱼣һͷͣЪһ·񱼵ӪŴδЬδѾ˱ѣֱ˱ѣ̤ʵ㣬ڱ͵Цһᣬ˯ȥ

ڤӳ·ûӰ٣˳ر߶ܷܷµǸʰһԭֻһ׸ɾ·ѡ

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ʱ򣬶ܷܷһվǰ̨˴򷹣ͻȻʱʳ˸͡

һװ޸Ϊ̫ŮԻգ˼ĨӢ΢һ俪۲ת䣬ʣԣ񣬹˻ǡ

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ڤ۲תĿĴѰǸӣͻȻǰ̨ǸӰСЦеע⣬ɣֱ̧˹ȥ

ܷܷԼⷽ߹Ķͨͨô죬ĪϳԼӣƺԵЩףۿһĨζЦͱѹ

Ȼ,һǣһԵĶüŶӽŸ磬Ҷۣкһᣬܿͻδ䣬ͻҵطӣܵ÷ɿ졣

ڤ߽ǰ̨ͿŶˣЩͻأ֣Խɣ촽һЦ绪֣ȥ׷ֻ꣬Ǹ滻ľŸ˼䣬һ飬ܿ죬Ц뿪ʳá

ܷܷһȦ֮󣬲δڤһϲӹһˣǵǾŸǳɵۡ

û뵽ڤҪͷڣǽʱ˫һڵأ۾Ҳ̫˵ɣǾĶˣȻǱ

Ƕӳ⿪СĲһܷܷڵĽŲԵøĳأݱҴǲɱˣҲ̫˵㡣

ҹĻʹӪڵĵƻʷǵݵӰӰĸڤһ۾ƳˣǵĽŲǲץסˡ








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ڤĿתض绨Ц̣ôһ˲Ļ㱣ЦôôܷȻãȴǺܼ٣֪ÿǹŹֵС˶ôЦʱ򣬾ʲôʱ

ܷܷȴֱӶӣԼ鲻ԽĿĳ񣬶¶ţɻ˻ɣܻ²ɣ

һ˲䣬Щìܣµµ

źۼıߣӪǿǵȥ·͵ͷתȥ߼ͱס

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΢΢һԲɫתЦ绨ޱȣӣʵ֪»кηԸ

ڤĿƵĶãǲõЦ̣˼ϵС˶㱼䣬ЦȻصҡҡͷʱƳһĺӰüʿǵ׷

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ڤһ·׷ǵӰ׷һξ룬һ𣬽һ࣬ӿдƣԾǺӰǰ,ס˵ȥ·

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ΪڤһӣȻǹɫ㣬У￴ˡŮ棬һ˫ȴڤϴ󵨶ɨţζĽ֮顣

ڤ΢΢Щû뵽Ůӻ˵ĴֱףЩֲǺܿ죬ָ˹΢УϴЩŭߣһֱӾŮӹ˹ȥ

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ʱ䣬˱һţŮ书Ҳڤ߳Ĺжξ롣

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Ҫǣزʱ򣬾ӾȻҪǨҲ˵صͲȨϢⲡصӣŴһǰУʹǲԶġ

߽̫ԭǰºͣ붬Ҳ൱յ磬ǰ״̴̵Ĺֱεۻ

ܷܷŲصӸžôǰУȷʵЩԲͷ̱ͣ֫Ϊյԭӻ̵˰ڻ˿㣬쳣һʹѣ۾

κķݳߡ

С㻹ŵס𣿡

ܷܷ΢΢̧ԬʵԾǿһЦɫ԰׵ˣС

ҡӣΡΡ˵Ǿ仰Щյĺȴú쳣ѴӷŵĻ˱ѣ룬ֱĵף͸ĵ⣬ܿӵ֫ٺ

ı˫۴˶£촽ѴӷŵĲ԰ףΪɫʮˣ

СɫѿԬʮֵĵ˵ţǰͷסҡҡ׹ӡ

Ȼһ˿˿Ƶֱǻеıʣôһ˵ϻŮ˵ζһʵˣԾɻ󣬵Ҳûôࡣ

ܷܷյԺĿϣ߽˵дʱ˵֡

˵ʲôԬŸףߣҪ˵ʲôȴģôҲ

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Ԭż촽䶯ȴҪ˵ʲôмĲУټͷð亹ȴúаɪɪ

̧ͷ㳯ǰ˴󺰵ӳСˣҾҽ

ӵĶӳ˹еʵôˣ

һԵúԬŻС֮ɫԱ

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˵ǻͷλСˣϾ뵽λ꣬Ц绨Цӡ̣ʵҲЩɡ

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䣬ǰһڣײʡ£˹ȥ

СԬŽסҡҡ׹ӡ

ŵһУ֧˶ˣԶڤҲ˸

ΪܷܷʶյԺºеģҲûЩʹ˻ڤһ¾ͱˡ

ܷܷ

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ص£СպͿˣ֪Ϊξһͻ˹ȥŶܷܷԬӭԵЩɫʵشš

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ְɣʱһֻĲ飬ﻹܵڽʲô˵ǶҲİ֪ǵµ֡

ڤڱӪĻӣʿǶһжеİҲǺ飬˰ﻳ²ÿĹֵĻӣ϶Ǹпõ廨ͷεİǳԶˡ

䡪

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ܷڳ˵ľڤԬŻĶܷܷԾ

һӵڻŵǹϤܰ㣬ƶеǶܷܷݣ֪ģû뵽ǿСŮ˻Ϊ˸ĻӪ

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ݣشڤ۵ıӰǱһػҳ

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ԺۣһĲǵͰ鲼ʶǸںͼѩʶ

һ󾯾һӦ̧ԼƤ߻ڲϡ

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ĿĻѹ£ŴϢģůůģӡ

ȡ˿׵ɢīīͷѹµĶɢ㷢һ

Һ㡭ܷܷۿ΢죬ͻȻֱ̧סĲӣģ롭㡭૵ߣָ˿˿ƵĲļ⡣

һ˲䣬еѣеĻȫеֻǻΪǧ顣

ͷģ˫۳ܷ࣬Ҳ㡭ˮĿ飬٣һ̣Ϥֻˡ

΢ǣЦĺòҵ⣬ҼھӪ𣿡

ȻУشĸɴ࣬Ҽᶨ

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СŮˣ֪жĶˣȻߣҲϡ

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һĳǹɿ˱ԼǵĽΣ΢΢Щ׵Ĵ꣬аһЦ⣬ܷζ

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ʵζҲǰóԡ

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ڻǲˣôԿôһὫ纮ģΪ롣









259

ڻǲˣôԿôһὫ纮ģΪ롣

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Ǵ󱿵úõƫҪܵԿͽȻһѽ§֪֪㲡жൣģ֪ھгԿжۣܷ͹һ㣬ҵĻȲ˾ͻȥ𣿡

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ܷһ̣ڤΪǾһܺĻ¶ѣܷҲԿ࣡

ֻҪܴߣҲ³Կġ֪ΪΣԴ˵Ҫܷܷʮֲ

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ܷ治֪Σ˵ÿһ仰ôĶңݲѣЩЩΪһֱ

ڣЩ鷢ĵصʱе㲻ԣϲȴ޷ӦӦҪ

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ûʲô˵㻳ĸоãůһֱ

һ̣ûд𻰣ֻǽ§ĸЩ

պ󣬶ܷܷķ纮ˣڤȻıľ

һΣܷܷ쳣ɣʲôԵĻҲû˵û˵ֻ˵˵˵ȥǼҲûʲô˼Ҫ̣ԼҲ̫ԣӰ飬ġ

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ܷỽ֣мȫǲᡣ

ͷһЦһ俪ˮг˯ȫ峺ˮסĺˣһԹԡĻδ˵꣬ͱ.

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ãáɿ

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ܷģһšڼȴԼͲ뿪ˣʵԸɿ֡

үһж׼ˡԣתĴߵ

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260

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һԹԵģĺˣͷһЦ¶ڵѩ׵Ŵܲãĵĳۣʹġ

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ܷĴĺٶѹ£ģȫǲᣬ

ãáɿ

ܷһ·Сģһܿͻȥġ˵䣬㱧һֱ׼õͿ֣ת뿪ǰԲͷӡһǡ

ҡ

ҵ㣡

ܷܷѾڤӰԽԽģ̵ˮҲˢˢ£ģߣʪ顣

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һʹ˶ܷܷע

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һȺ˾ȻΧŹһߣЩɳܷܷܵһƼСΪðһӣȻϴܣ˹ȥ

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ӻлѹһ࣬ڼڤţ˵ܿˡ

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գһڴǰһƬ԰ӷͻȻһѾ˵˺öˣ˵Ҫץ㣡

ץ

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ƾƽƽŮƾҹʹɣŷ軪Ǻ־ͷĿӣǰʡ

ܷܷһʱɵۣ԰ɫЩʤ׷˵Щ鹻ץ

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ܷܷһаЦðЩŮ˽춼վˣǰѵõһδ󼯺ϣҪЩŮһʵѡ

˵ķԸ

ǰ޺޵ǼߣԹĻ޲ýճɻҽйߡ

Ůˣƻ˹˿ɼһʼװɵ˶Ŀȡүͬע⣬ԸɹԻүû뵽ȴô񶾣Ͼɱүǡ

ߣЦʱˣ

ʲôѵ˵Ĳ׹¶ʵΪүһʧõϧУŮǸߣһԳִȴ̾磬û뵽ҩҲУɰһѣɺ£ӵĵó裬쿪ۣһпɳо¶£ڵȵһˣǴġ˵ﾹЩЦųԺߡ

㡭ҩ˾ӦԤ뵽ģ˹Ȼ̫ʴȣȻԿĻԼǰõ֤

ڿԸ˰ɣ

Щֲ󣬲ŲţҴӲʹʲôҲͲȥǶЫĻȻôȴ㡣

ûǻȥ˵

ûΪʲôҪǻȥǲܵ飬ٵس˷䣬ҪŽ˸⡣

粻飬ͲҪǲ˰ҽץסͷĿڶܷܷ˵̬ƺЩŭԸ

һ£ڱʿ糱ˮܷܷڵķӿȥ¾ײǺÿײŰ塣






262

һ£ڱʿ糱ˮܷܷڵķӿȥ¾ײǺÿײŰ塣

ǺôĵܷܷŭȣóϣĿ

ϣȴֲһ֡ڱʿӿϣܷܷΧסΧȦ

ǧһ֮ʣۿŶܷܷҪסͻȻӴܽһӰûģ֮ʣĴƱߣ

վסӣϣڽţͱ˸أһ⡣

ӣ̧ܷܷͷڿ˵òϵľһʱ䲻Ĵӡ

ôȣû뵽ǴΣǲ٩콦ĺܡ

׽סǣһȥ

ϣ



ͷĿһ£ڱʿųȥһԹѵڵĻսʹ

һ̫࣬Ӿ书˵Ҳһѵ֣ѶദҲʡ

ܷܷЩ̣߰ɣΣͷ֣Ѿܸмˣܵǣ

ҪһߡǲϷִҪܷܷһߡ

ǲôġ

ŮˣǱƭˡȴǲͷô۵Ķ

㻹ߣܷܷѪЩļ

ߣĲҡ˵ЩΣΣﾡЦ⡣

Ǳ̧Źô򵥡ܷܷǰȥǰЩʿһ룬ջͷ亹ֱð

Ͼ㿳˵˻ʼҵ£˭˵˵ʵһˣͷҲǲ޿ܵģʱùĻЩı

иһԿ˾ȻԸΪܷܷðƴɱĵˮȫǼʵŭΪʲôЩҪϲƻļƻΪƴ߶

Ķһʿĳ䲻һᴩǴӵţʱֻѪʺ޵Һƽ䣬˵ĶҲҦɪһ̣Ȼֹͣ

˻룬ؿڵǸʱѪҦɪ˵ۣȴŶܷܷġ

ӡܷܷʹؽųȥ˫ͼסҡҡ׹ӣǱסȴֹ׹˫˫һ𵹵أѪһһ

Ůˣ֪ޡԾôڶܷܷȴôУԵЩ

㡭㲻ɣҺֻţʺѪҺȾ£ʹ˫

ҡˣ㡭лҡλ𣿡˵꣬ЦˣǾֵģţҲΪʹȥ϶лºۼ

ҡ׼󱿵ˣҵоԲλáԴҪЮס

áҡ

ҧİѾҪվȴԵЩֻǿ̧˸ͷ˻ȥؿڵڣԽԽңѪȪӿ

ܷܷ֣ȥûЧ˺ȹȥ£ʲôãؽĲϺܿ㱻Ѫˮʪ

㲻Ҫлżͷ𣬡棬ȥ򣬿㣡汻Ժ⣬ˣҲ˵ʲôš

ĴɫѪҺĲӿ𽥲԰ףҲͫԽԽɢоԼʧѪҺһʧȴֹĻУоƺҲһҸҲض԰ˡ

մѪֱۼѵ̫ҪСһΣһůůǸоҲ

㡭ѻһǿнߣδ˵ֱ꣬۱ش£Ҳϣ·ʱ㣬ô꣬ô񾲣ȴǺЦ

ӣѹҪ˯˷ƵҡӣȴҲûлӦ





263

ӣѹҪ˯˷ƵҡӣȴҲûлӦ

ӡĽкֱڷڻصǻ˵Ķʣ˵һСС𺳣

һʼƺƭһֱǣΪɥͻȻ֮䷢ԼǸģֻԼ飬ԼΪû飬ȴǰס

̧֣ѪֵѪ欣׶̽飬ӣԱȴܻڹؼʱ̳ˣϴӴԺҲˣҲûˣҲڸĹеĻ

濴ƴֿǿʵĴϲڲأϲȴ˵ᣬȴҪڸǡ

ܱŤȴʵȴǾԵĸر

Σ㽫ɣƺҲһΪЩҪץΪһ¶֪еܣòǣȴЫŮˡ

ΪʲôҪݺңǵԼδκ˺飬ẬޣճҦɪƽΪҪΪʲôҪɱӣ˵ļ᲻ܿƵӿ

֪ûãı֣Ůǰʾһ뵽ǴӴӴ˾ҪˮͲܿƵĿӿ

Ϊʲô˵ΪʲôعҦɪһЦǰˣȴԵɣҽһ飬ǽȢɵƻŮˣҺ÷Сһ𳤴һ꣬걻͵ҸѧգӼĵһۣҵĿϰ׷Ӱ˵ǳˣϲҲϲңɽ˺ģ쳤ؾõĳŵΪǱԶǵؾ֮һжˣԣԣҪĴȴҿȵһ

̰ĵŮˣȻôΪλҪ޸磬㲻̫̰˵𣿡ԭĻֻȫǰŮ˵һ

ΪʲôܣȻϲԣѵҾͲΪʲôĵȴıҪŮˣҺҪ޸ĸ磬ҪǰΣ֪ҵ³֪Ҧɪǳû˴Ůӣڣʹ࣬ʹ٣Ҿó죬ıҪõĳͷ˵˴Ҧɪ·ҲĵĹȻ档

Ȼѡ磬͸úúøӣΪλҪݣ磬ҲٲǧָĲ׾أ㡭Ůˣ̫ˣһô˵ġ

ҴĻʱ͸ý㴦ҲΪҾѣҲᱻ֮ˡ

Ů˺޳ܵҲжٵ飬ɣɱ˴ӣҲҪɱӵ˵䣬ܷܷһʿĳӽӭȥҪɱ㣡

޹˭ҪԼĺ̣Ҳ˷ŭޡ

ðɣ˭ɱ˭һ˵䣬ҦɪЦӭȥȷʵɱܷܷ֮ġ

Щʿվһȫޱ˴˵Ů˸£֪ð˭ǷŵһζԻ֪ҲһԺ

ܷܷ书ڤסֻȴûǴСϰҦɪĶֻ֣ǼغϣҦɪ׵ؽĽ

ȥɣһѾ˺ܾˣҦɪһȣ̶ֱܷܷһʹɱ֮⡣

Ҧɪ޳ܵŮˣҲ㱨𣬾ԲŹ㣡ܷܷη壬ˮԲŭҲһҪصķŭģֻǼˣЩĶѡ

ǽܷܷһ۵ľ֮ʱ˼ʱסʳɺ޵

ҦɪҿʦϣѾܾˡǼʱֵˣǴǿڤֻ·ϵıȽϼ

ܷû°ɣڤҪǰһѽУȴ㿪

ҪңҲ˲İ䵭ָ̧һԴ㵵Ҧɪݺݵض˵ԭͰҰŮɱˡ






֣꣩

ҪңҲ˲İ䵭ָ̧һԴ㵵Ҧɪݺݵض˵ԭ㣬ͰҰŮɱˡ

ܷ㡭ôˣİ䵭޵ľ

ûôֻ֪ΪλȢһɵӵԭڣڤ𣿽˶ѡȻЦˣЦ绨ȴе͸ǡ

ܷܷҡ

ʲô˵ܷܷһ֣شĻֻҪ˿̰ҽɱˣһжԭ㣡ͲҪ˵κλҲκνͣģж֤ҿ

㲻᲻ǰɣãԼܷܷɲһΪѣʧͬʱǷŭѣһѶеĽһҦɪͿȥҦɪ첻ǾԲŹġ

˻ƤȴҦɪ壬ͻȻǰǰڤ

ܷܷЩţˮΪȣɫͫ޷Ŵ󣬡㡭㡭㡭˵֣˼޷

Ķ֣ȻԼȥǸŮ˵ãͳȫܷܷ˫Ŀɺ죬֪޹ȣĹȡ

ΪʲôҪð죬ܷܷһԼŭس˽ԴѪĽ棬ȥڤ˵ؿڣֻǽ߶˫ϣз߿ͬʱʹ಻

ᣬٴβܿƣĻ䣬ʪСѡ

ܷҪҲΪɱ֣ʦΨһŮҴӦʦҪúչģѪ˿ڣǰҪٽС

ڤҲҪ㵱ˣŮͬ˵仰

Ϊʲôɱɱ˴ӣҾɱҪΪӱӲҪĻһȫ㡭Ҫҡýڲĸǲ

ڤȥҲҪչˣĵŮˣƻŮ˾Ȼý㣬һҪɱҦɪҲķ

žڤף䲻ظҦɪصһ⣬˭˵ҪɱܷҵĵˣʦϣֻǸһ⣬ˣ̫֪꣡սڤͻȻϬⱾԭеԸ

Ҳȥ꣡

Ҫɱ

Ů˶ģŭˢˢɨڤ

úģ֪Ƕôôİ㣬ӹȥ˿̣ҶİûֹͣҦɪ£滨ӣҼ

ڤȴһ۶ٿĿƵŶܷܷĻصɪȥ飬Ҳᣬ벻кƽҲŶģͰĵĻصߣɣҺɣҲزȥҲûпܣڰֻܷһˣǣǣһҶ㲻ı䡭

ããáҦɪ˵ã̧𳤽һĨԾòİǾӰһӣҲһּ䡣

ɪοҪˣҲôİ㣬㣬ΪξͲܺúõĹӣڤסĳֹɱΪ

Ѫ˳Ž䣬欺ޣȴ治ɫĮ

罫书סҪҪȫη䡣˽̫̫꣬Ӵáڤ˵һֱ̧ҦɪѨһ£Ͼ˽ˡ

ڤתܷܷվľ㶵ĿնޱȣϸǿϲŭƽĽ˺¡

ܷĻȴֻվԭشĿ߽ˮȴӰա

ĳȻֱָʺ

ܷȴηǳ

Ҫļڲڲ˵ȴҲɡ

ܷǰһǽûļɫҺ壬綾ްʴ־ǧǧֻڿʴʹ裬ʹΪʹ

һĥĴУǲЭӵ˳ͷХҪйеŭԹǰǰΡ

ܷ뻳

ۡṥĵһѪ֮󣬱˹ȥ

ܷ



ȶܷܷٴ֮ʱյ硣

С㣬ˣ۱ϲС

һᣬܷܷڿʼתɨһܣɫᣣѩ׵ǽϤİ裬ȷԼԼķ䣬ûץΡ

ҡ˯˶ãһԴɹĵطӵʬѲѪƺҲɨܸɾ

һһҹʵش

أǰŪȥˣܷܷƿѣ˴ץס˫ʵ

ү˽̧ȥˣ͡ںɽĽ治СΪҪȥǸˣүĽԺ⣬Ȼ֪淢ʲô顣

ȥܷܷ򵥵š

ǣС㡭

˵Ļ𣿡һȴĻ˪ŵĻͷ·ǰ档

죬Ӳݴһ·عںɽһƬֻ鱮

ӶԲҺ㡭ܷܷǰ˵εذݵڷǰ

һӣδԼҲδǰ޹ǸŮˣǣŮ裬ȴΪڤĹϵ޷ɱ

Բ𡭡޷ݲȥڤ

Ϊʲô̫ˣҲû֪

û֪֣֪ô

ǻȥĻܷܷߡ

ܷܷȥڽһʯ̧Ӣ㲻ҹؿҪΪӿһʯ֪֣ƺΨһ顣

ڤ֮ƺǰæµˣղӰϵʱ򣬶ܷܷ˯¡

̿䣬һ˫ʮָմˮĴаֱĥѪݣ˼ƤʯҲڰº󹦸ɡ

ʯһ̺ãܷܷ˸ǴɢȥȴȻУȥһӣԲˣƺⳤߵµĴˣʼգһֱûùĻﶼ˵

ǰȻԼô˽ôĻ

ܷڤȻȴͷ

ͻȻ֮䣬֣ڤҲҦɪǰ㣬ƺٻصǰܵʲô֪ҲܵʲôҲû

ڤǰһƬãҲܺӶеоһԭûʲô⣬ڲõĽ̫֮λ϶ģűǻʵ֮λԤеĻ䡣

Ժ˻ʵ۾ͲɱĻԺʱں𣿴𰸷·ȥѰҲԤһʵۣΪһŮ˶ֻһŮ˵ɷƺûС

㣬ҲһŮˣûԤеôãʵһֱһ˽ƻŮˣΪԼĿģһ˼˵ĸܣȥκ飬ǰıҥԣɣҲΪǸŮ˶ңǳƽ

˵գתӣ䵭Įүϣţһ֮뿪

ܷ

ԺҶܷܷǳƺҾòʺϣƻ˽ŮˣźģӽԺҲһүΪʲôΪҦɪһ̿ʼǵķ־ѱ㵲Ҳ˵һ̿ʼֻסͬһµİˣҪôңò⣬Խ͹٣дңҶκԹԡ

˵գʹԽȥ

ܷǲİˣ޸ҵһעڤŮˣǵԵעӲҲ֡ץסһԸĻУҲ㵱İˡ

ԵĻһ£̵ĴԲ԰׵Ĵ꣬רƣİԵ顭

ֻȴòĻӦ

һ̣ˣִɣԵĪҪʵ۵ĸı

죬طſɫĮˮûиֳϤĽе⣬ȻһΪʲôֱ۽·ҪԼĹѪ㣬Ƿ޷룬ܷҪĸԸߣ仰ʵĺҲΣΪҪӡ

ҲʣҪôŻ뿪

Ի޹̸ʧܣȻҲͲ뿪˵ӾôֹЩʱա

Ȼܷܷ£ǴζԻû죬ڤͱΪڤ̫ӣ۲죬ֿ˫·Ϊǰ;һƬԽ緢

ֻÿ緢Ǳİ˶飬жܷܷҲеı仯ҪƤô򣬺ɴ˷ƺġ

뿪˵ƺһ󣬿Ϊȴ̲סһĳʹ

ʱĵװţȴֹŤŵ˵һּ尾

ܷܷһ֮Լʱ䣬ʱ㲻뿪Ҳ취ߣزסġ

գƮСѩڤѾ˵ͳţ⻹ǽĵһѩѩ׷ؾͻܷܷʵϲ죬Ϊ̫öˣƫִôܱ࣬أжҲ㡣

һſڴ̨ŴѩƮ裬ȴǲη紵䣬ҵ·ҲѩĴ䣬һأ֪βܽЩʰ

ңͻȻһѾǰ˼

ʲôˣסһƬƮĵѩվƬ˸顣

ǹġ

ܷܷЩˣЩҲȷʵƵģǾȥɣ䣬ǰ档

ȥˣ֪ϻʵҪѵңʹûʶȥҲãвȻǴĹȥ˻ʹ

ܿͣ˹ǰܷܷ³չǰһӴƻֺĽȺΡĹĹǽŹĴ죬ʮ֮˻ʵ۵ĵ

һ·ѩƮƮţԽԽƣѩɷŵСĩ˴ƬĶë״

ŹĽŲ̤ʯ̾͵Ĺϣĵıоƺܹ͸Ьף͸Űֱܵĵףе鲻Խر㱧˫ۣһֲõԤʼջɢȥ

нʱ䣬ظһξڤһ޵ŮߣȴʲôҲãҲвֻĿܵӵȥ

֪ΪΣҪ뿪ȴǰ⣬ʧȥĺìܡ

ˣȥɣšѵĻ˼

ŶӦһ̧㲽ĵ

ĵɽӵϻʵȻЩͣȴȻʲƾڵòѲ²ʱضҲһλʵӣֻ²ˣ߸ϵľҲǻϵģ䲢ʲôꡣ

һ죬עĿʼ˭ҲӲϲǻʵҲܳ⡣

μʡֻɨôһ֮󣬶ܷܷعȥڼ˻ݵĹٻ֪ģΪǰϦʱרΪǸɵӽڹ

ɣϻʵ΢΢̧֣ʾһ˫۾´š

ǰӳɵͻȻĶϱеǺ棬ҲǾɫǵòȴ֪ΪξΪĶǰԡ

Ȼ˵ʵҲֻһȻִؾܾ޹Ļ£ⲻЦ𣿴ӹʵ۵ֻȢһӡ

ŮӦֻҪĶӿȢŮ޹ԸĳɷںڤÿӸ֧䡣

ֻȢһŮ˾Ϳ԰ɣȻ޳ɣֻ֣ǰԴͻŮӣȴδ·;İʯ

Ҫ̬ΣʶȰĶȢ޹ĻĹ

УǾͱĺΪ˶ӵĽͺڤδʲôĳɱһˣ˵һֻôס

лʣϻ˼ת֮ʶܷܷ

һţܷܷ͸ܵϻʵ̽Ŀ⣬·Ҫ˵Ѿ˺üȴԲɫ

̫֪޽ν£ôһᣬϻʵۣʵ

̫öܷܷëһ˵ıŤ

޶ۣ֪븸ʾ˵ǾʵĲ֪

ϻʵĿôһᣬ峺ˮ˸ļҲĵصȰȢ޹һйʧ޶Բ׷

ܷܷ΢΢һ漴ĵԲ𣬶

ϻʵƺϵдһ˵Ҳ˴ǣָһľƱͰЦ˵ǾͽⱭƺ˰ɣ

ܷܷȴķЦȻͰǸ͵ﲻ۵ף˫һ˿صɱԣǾƿ϶ֻǾô򵥡

һЦתľܾʣԲ𣬶ʤԴӲơ

տɲ벻ϻʵۺȻɫɱʱȫȻϣˣ޽ⱭƸ̫ȥ

䣬漴ץץֱۣӣһӱ㽫Ʒ

ʲôˣҪҶƣȻȱ¶ܷܷҲܼϷٽ顣

ڣ㲻ҵĶǰ㣬аǰ;ͺڤĽϻʵòҲףһԭɡ

ҲȢŮˣǰǰ;ƾʲôŮҪһգȴӲԼҲ㣬ⲻƽԣû

ƽ˵㣬θǰࡣʵ

ҲȣҲȣܷܷҡԴҶţڤӣǣΪʲôҪ

ãǰɣǾͻһ˵ȽϲϻʵۺȻЦĲпᣬ޽ϵʬ

ʬĸһףĶܷܷ죬ļֻ̻Ϸ˵ʵﻹδʶݴһֺܲпļ̡

ҪҺȡܷܷȻʬôѿȶøɴʹ죬뻹ǸȫʬȻңſңԼ

˵գ˺θеǱƣȻζӲһǾһ㣬Թ˭˲һֻǱȱһˣδĿԼİӵ뻳˿øɾӰȥǸ塣

ˣΪδ˿ԼĴʻѵ

ƱأƬĽ⻹δ⿪ܷܷĶȻ븹һʴǵĽʹγϣҧսȭͷǿţĵڣҿ𣿡

ϻʵۿһۣǲ԰׵ɫѪ˿ҲĲ̣ͷ̧ʾſȥɣҪָʣһжΪá

ܷܷǿţųصĲŲĵȱżƮѩʪԵЩǿһĶܷܷˤӡ

ȴôȥڤ֪Ϊں¶Ƶһ̣Ȼֳܶ໭棬ǹģõĻȫУǴ˿ȴҲûкû֣֮ȫֻۣ˿̣֪ԭа֮˵Ļ䣬ܺûֵûġ

ҪԭԼǰϲô򵥣ֻһͷǾҪҪһж񻹴δ˵Ļ

źȽȴʹ̧ǧѹ粽ơ

ҲҪš

ʯϻһʺѪۣǶܷܷĺۼ

ѩ£ԽԽԽԽһѹһ㣬ƬƬۣܷܷǧ˻ȣһǽԶһƬյϡ

ѪﲻӿȾؽѣȾڵİƵĴĿġ

һѩǹеĶȻͣסްƶֺⱲƺעҪźǷǶԵĳͷʱԵһúϧһʱ䣬Ƕ룬ƺЩ뷨ٲʵ֡

غξ˳۽Ļ䣬ʹ˱ˣźûü˵֣룬˿϶ܸ˰ɣ

ܷ

ܷ

ʶģʱңԶĵطᣬʱŻҵһ¾ˣ

һϲҪ۾ȴüѣƤճôҲŲ

֣ǰģȴԵôϸ΢š

ܷܷŽлоһů˳ĴݵĵףƺҲһһ˿۾ڤſ˫ӱԾ۵ס

ٴοӣϲҪУȴֻܻĨ΢Цֲҵ

ܷôˣ˭

ŵǾЩģ;ؼҿ˭֪һȴû֮ˣ֪нӼˣֲ̼ԤоԽԽǿˣͣĸȴԵóˡ

塭·ֻôһ϶Ļ֣̌ҪƽüۺۣʵҲϲЦ㡭ЦһҿҪҪ˫Ц·Цġ

ܷѪһϢģﻹЦĳֻΪ˲ʧŬţǿһ˿ЦȴǱȿ޻ѿ

ĺ֣岻ͣ鴤ţѪԴԴϵð

ƺܸоõ鴤ѪӿٵʧҪҪ

ܷҪ˵ţҲ׼ˣҲԭ㣬ûҵ𣿡

ֻЦЦܵ˲֪ΪΣ˿ȴǰԵơ

ܷ㲻Ҫ˵ʲôҶȥΪȥɱ˭Ҷòã㲻ҪҪ뿪ңҪһˣߣĻǣĴϣϡ

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ֻҪҪʲôԸ⣬Ը⡭

塭塭Ļ֣ǧҪ˵ȴԵôģ޷¶еһУ˿̣ÿһκ˵Եôѣôʹࡣ

ܷ㲻Ҫ˵סһȻģһһݻů͸յĴ䵽

˵ԼҲûл˵Ұ㡪ǹԭֵûһ˿ֻȴԼԽԽԽԽ·콫ļ֮ء

Ǻÿһ񾭶ᣬܳŵ񣬶˵仰ȫƽһʱǹɰǹҪһеҪϲϲϲϲ

ܷ˵ʲô˵ʲôЩţ̫ĻеһֻһΣǸöá

ǣ֪ͲһΣԼµʻԼǨŭܷܷû뵽һоȻô죬շҹȴĵɽ֮ơ

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ܷ۾ңҡֱѩﱯڻص˺зΣ

ܷһһӣֱķȥ

ҹڴΪסһľԼеֻǴ˵ЩҲû

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Ȼһж޷أôȥ棬ĳŵ

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ҹı˯ȥʵ̫ˣܷ˯ȥҲá

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ջɾ˼а촹

ľɽһƯݣɽˮ֮䣬ϪٻƮ㣬æ

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ܷҺ𣿡ʡ

Ȼûй

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ܷܷҲ㡪Ļǣʡ

ǵҪӰ

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ǷǮ

ǷǮɻ

ѽǷծ±ӣ㻻׷ĽŲøծһ׷׷̫࣬Ϊô࣬ô͸Ԥ±ӡ

Уô黹

ôôԵһβаᣬߣƿҪ뿪

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Сǧ˵ǲǺܿͻеܻܵˣϲܻܵã

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