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˭1(1)

20061010ա
ھŮ̫
һλʮѡ֡˰죬Ĵڱҵ֡
һߵ룬ǰίܵĹ񣬶
轣Ҫľȡƽݲð黪
ÿһһʽҪȫעҪ뽣ںϣһ˿һĸš
Ҳˡ
ֻһڵƹ轣
ϢƳ滺ƴӼ򵥵һῪʼٶǲ죬л俪ţһ䡢䡢䡭Ӱ׷ɣӰ׷ɣƹ⽻ӳɻԡ
ֻǽ˲ֻˣ⣬Ҳǽ⡣
ҵĽȡԲȻЭһǳɣˮһ㡣
ˢһһ佣վ
ʱҵ߲ŽҲΧ
Ҵӱͳֻһʾ˵绰ϰ֡
ôˣְֵͳֻͷ˹ΪģҺ趼ûȥֳ
ǡҵ˹ھ̲סЦĽҲ˭Ůпܻ䡣
ǵǣҿǴͿʼѵˣ뵱꣬㡭ְ˷ܵɤӣ׼ʼ׻ˡ
˺ˣ֪ˡҪȥݿ黭չĩؼĽ̻塣ΪҵĶ䣬ҼæŶ˵ʲôźŲãããݰݣ
һ͵ЦһĴָһͰѵ绰ˣ̧ݷȥ
ϸһҾͿʼסУˡ뿪ĸȻЩµȴڡ
һ黭չˣ̧˿3㣬5ţʱ䡣
˵չ黭һٶչƷгʮ׵ĺƪƣҲаƴСƷлкܶҹż
ϰСͽ̵ҡʫԻҵ黭һС裬ǿǿǰɧ͡
ڵ˶ԴͳĹ鷨ûʲôȤټչϡϡľֻмˣԵġ
黭޼黭ҲįţǸ糤۾ݵЩʵſڵ
ţÿ黭ϸؿһ飬Ȼѧ˼ĻҴشרҵǶȥκһԼȫƾоȥ͡
ǽһŲżԶĹŻϸϸȥڱһסճյڲǰ
ǷﻭžŸˣŸˣŸװˡ
ǾŸΧһŴںȾƣеվţеţͬÿ˶иݣиʡֵǰǷһоȴһһ˵˵ᣬòˡеٱơҲͬһ˼Ҫһ𴳹ٷ˪²Żϵк⾳
ҶؿţһΣһõΡ
⻭ΪʮܡӦʱڵˣ֪ǲǸʱڻġԶ޼Ѱˡ
ۣһƹȥ
ֵǣȥȻôֻоŸˡ
ֻоŸˣΪʲô⻭ʮܣ϶һˣٵǸ˭أ
ϸؿһ飬ע⵽мǸŰɫ۵ˡ
Ǹÿˣüβ˵Ӣ΢΢ţƺЦīɫ۾ȴܳ䡣ɾ޵䵭·¶һ˿ᣬһ
˭أ
Ҿ˫գҲգ˫Įȴŵ۾Ҳҡ
ͨһҺȻԼصһ¡
һ£¡ڲƵؿаѶ۵ǻţĪҾҵС¹ұĴײ
ҵĴûôҹΪʲôͻȻѵΪǸӣ
ҡҡͷ̲ס̾˿ͻȻԼʶȥȥǷȴĲסˡ
ѽҵͽһæջ֣ȴϲ֪ʱһȦҫ۵Ĺ⻷
ǣһûӦȴǱһƵģǰһˣžʹ˲ǷС
ֻһڣͷһΣʲôʶûˡ
ͷʹ壬ȡƤء
ҺòײǼһƤԼȻһƬϡ
ǣҡҡλεվĴԭһСɽûʯͷȫɻɫѻɵģ﾿ʲôط
ȵ˿Ŵأ񶾵غ濾ҵ֫ٺ̡
ȡˣѧУﰡһģҵͷһرҲڽ¡
ûãڡæҵطűֻֻϿ绰æ
վסҪܣԶȻһ˵ͳĽ
һ㶣æ̧ͷȥ
ֻʮ·˴ǰСɽת񱼹ÿﶼű
ιұ⾿ɷӣߵĻӲ˻ȥ
죬ǾܲˣԹԵغһعðɣһ˴ɽתȻҪȸղȺ˳࣬ǲһ·ˡӺܸߣ۾ܺڡϴżɫĲ̲ӡ
ߣΪץס𣿣ǸһСһץ˹ȥĵҵĲӣ㲻ҪٹˣٹҾһСӣ
ȵȣʲô״
ҵͷЩΣŬطŴ˿̵
ʮŹŹֵˡ˵ֵĻĵ⾿ô£
ֻһͱȽϺϷ
Ȼ֪Щ޴һǲ׵š
Ӱأأأ
ҲϵǰѴһ֪ޱȣȻⲻǵߡ
һСƣʲôӢۺúüˡ
ߣӱͲʲôӢۺúǣϣͰˣЦţץӵԽԽҶ촭ˡһӣЩһӵϡ
ӺɵؾͱܿĴ󵶣ץ׼ȷؿסһ󺺵ĺͷɵһŤֻǡһ죬ǴжһӾһֵĽǶȴһ̯һ˵ϡ
һûˡϷԲϷ
˿ЩڴԽʱյС˵Ȼ⡱һ¡
ҲҲԽʱ˰ɣ
ôѪȵ磬ʶ硣
ЩԼĴˡ
ҺȻúƣԽʱҲõطôҾôùһͱץȥˣ
޹ʱⳡĪУ˵ˣ󵶼ڲϣԶ㶼ܡ
Ⱥɱһ𣬵⽣ӰѪɡѪأһֵɫʬϱ۲֫ɢڵϣĻת˲Ϩˣһв̵øͲʵġ
ΧӵʮӣѾȫʬڵϡЦЦǲƽȻԵõЦţ·ղŲɱˣֻǵϲմĻҳ
㲻Ҫȣֹ˻˵ĽŲ˹˹

˭2(2)

ʶһеĳյøлҵĲһ˿ȵҺ建¡
û취ͷȥӣֻǾеۣѪˡ
ȵ㡭㲻Ҫٹˣ򡭡ҾɱСӣ
ƺκܺЦһ˿Ц⣺ɱҺθɣ˵ţǰһ
㡭㲻ǲѵؿ޹ɥһҪشٿһĻɱĻᣡ
ɱɡɱԺɱ㡣·赭д˵ţŴţһҪʰ乩鷳ġھˣʡ๤򡣡
üͷ뿪ûûεĲ죬ȴƳһŵĵǡ
ôʯĳˣõǼȻ־Ѱҡ취Ȼðգ˵ܾȵҡ
һԸԾ֮ĵ
ҵֻűұ߷һĴڴʮĳ7ѧ̫ʼ⽣ͺ뿪ҡ15ʱ򣬰ְ־Ϊ˷棬ѽǷޱȣˡ
㣬㲻Ҫңյø
ҪԽԽʹҪõҵСûˡ
һ˲ȥһָЦⲻ˵ɣҪģͷ˽СӣҲʡԼѹ򡣡䣬Ȼĳ
ôҲ벻ǻ˻Ѫ˵زȻµɱһ޹ˡܵҺһʶغὣȥ
ڣ
ĳˢس˳תݺһ
֮뿪壬˳ȥ
ǰҵ֣Žƣֻһͷ뿪˳ȥϾѪ磬һ
ӵһȥ׼ȷرܿ˵µĶͷʬ
Ѿ˾ţҲ˼УԼȻһİ˵Ļ
ŨȳѪҺջ䵽䣬ĸо¡ҲգһֶѪüϵĺɫѪҺʹȥȴôҲ
ɱôɱô
ΪʲôҪôһĪĵطԺҵ׸ô죿Ҫȥ
˺ܿʵСֵܣʲôˣҪȥΪʲôһĽҰǻ
ңҡ԰ʲôˣҪȥﵽﰡ̾ңҲ֪ȥ
ӣƺ塣˿˿ϵ·˳һͷĶ̷ĿӦϷˡ
ȲҪЩô֮޼ҿɹˡ־ֶۣѾûжˣλ磬ôܸҸɾˣҺܳԿġ
㣿۾´ңƺĥҵǲǸΣշӡ
˺һ󣬾õΪٿ˵ˣȻ˵ãһŰɡԱϣתǰȥ
лˡˣһ֪Ĵء𱳰СĵرΨһĲƲζŪˣ׷ҽзأ
ǰͷ·ͷҲصشأһ屦

˭3(1)

˵·ĺ鷳ǰŪһͷĺæ˰죬˺ôĹڰ·ϡ
·ܲϷʷʴġ̫ӹҲˣ·ĺڳòˣ·ʱһͻȵǳ¡
û뵽ҾȻԽĩˣݵͷǸӢ۱ȴҲǸʱΪʲôûԽǸʱأôҲҹŮȨ
磬ûкһ·Ҵôӣӣ岽һߣһСߣòײߵ̲סɧôҲǸͷҲСˣôһ׺·᲻ýң
̧ͷһۣЩŹ֣ƺǿЦ⣺ɫȥϸ·ˣֻҴ·㽫ȴһɡ
ðɡ·Ҳʵ̫ˡû³ôߴʲôµҲֻǿˣԼ·Ѫģûٴй˵һҪǵø·
Ҳߴ̫СˡСӣˣߵǰǴ󵽲еӣҵСԺŮһۣӶû»ʮһɣ
˵磬۹δҲ̫׼ˣҿʮˣӶĿ֣Ůô᳤ܻӡҵĸӲ㰫ˣϸкֳһ㣬166ˡŮۡСġһͷ̷Ũüۣƽƽûǰ͹Ҳụ̂ûŮҲѹҵԱ𡣲ȻҵкҾŮװŮ̫ԿˣҪֶŵģģѿѽ
СӣôʶȤָ֣ϵķ˶˵ȳԵ㶫ɡ
ҪСӡСӵؽУֵģҽзҰһֵۣʼϵķ˷
ҲҪ硢ؽУҲֵģҽ˫ֻأ뿿ϣӸµؿңˣƺ˵Ҫң
šԡҵʳ˵ܳңһɡңһ˶ûС
ĵʣŶأ
ҡؾ׽ʳҪʵôǴһǧԺ紩Խģ
ŵģѸٴͷʼ
ʵԭһ˼ҵĹӣΪҵ䣬ֻͶݡǨ𴦣̲þ硢ȣ治֪ǺáŬС˵͵Ӿ̨ʣɫѵرţΨҵĻӲǼ֪شǺˣԣΣСܡ
°ͶңûƺжҵĻŶȵж
۾ܺڣڵÿסұú󱳶ЩðˣֻõͷĬĬسŶţλ磬ҪҪô˵仰Ҫӵ۾ѽ
ǸͷҪңǾֻˡΣ˵ᣬ򶨣ҲݣеǱʡ׸ɣ˹ү³ԲĿࡣ
ˣˣ˲ģһ˵Ըң̵ͷ絷⣬شģҺܳԿģԿʤβһְҲᳶȣӡ
СӵǴЦЦԺôԺ˾ЪϢȥұȥʷˣ׼㵱Ҹࡣ
ҳԺˡĸࣿü͸ɣܺùɨسš¶޽ͷҴ˸ǷʵҲˣ˯
Ժͺ˯һݡߣҴȥҵķ䡣תǰͷ·
ȣȣղ˵ʲôңңҺ㣬˯һݣҸ⻰ûԼĿˮҭ
ǰһסһݣ䵹ͦġתȣһǰƿ˽ȥֻһŴҪίҼһˡģǴܴ󣬾˯˶´ࡣ
ţţǸش磬ҿɲԲ˯һݰڷſȥǲȥ
㲻˯һݣһüǺãͺһ𼷰ɡʮһݣ˯øӰȡ
ʮ˼һ˯ûǺһ˼һ˯ã
Զ׼
һ˯һ˯
ҿǶʮһͶŮԣֲǹŴķ⽨ŮӣֻǺһŴ˯ûʲô֮£¸ƨѽ
Һһ˯첱ӣеõ˵ǺǣҶ˯һҲûʲô˵ģ
Ҳûٴң⿪ѵۡ¡¶ͭɫš֪ǲڳϰ䣬ĺܺãҲ֣ÿһ鼡ⶼǿ
Ҿе㷢ֻ̣ñŤתͷȥ
ȻӵʱҾʦʦܴųಲŰӣûһ£ʶ˲żСʱͲ¡
ҶվڴβͰ͵˵šǸأش磬һ˯ô
ôѾѵֻʣһ㣬ϵıӣȥ
Ҫѵó˯ôҺܼѵ³⼸֡
֪Сһϰǰ½һ䣬ƺЩ⣬ĳǸˣһǹŰ˯ġҿҪ˯ˣ鷳㴵Ϩϵ𡣡
ҡûСˣҲˣֻԽԽڡ
תϵӶʱڰСһҧƿҲȥӽŴأ
˯ôߣ»ȥôתͷҡ
ڰУ˿øˣѾԸоϢҶǰҷŨҵζҲ˹
ᣬᡭæͷȥܿεľ档
ˡӦһ䣬ת˸ˡ
۾ȴôҲ˯š
ҷȥ۾ֿ˦˵ζ
Ҳ֪˶ãڴ΢΢ĺ
챣ӣ˯ˣ
Ҳɵóһַܿ
˯ôָôأѵ۾ֱô
ұֹˮҪ֪ʮ̫ɲǰġ
һغɣ䣬ỺϸԲȻӡ
ϸ̫ľ衣
أҵϢʼͣȻ
ҵһƬհףƮƮģʶģ
ڿȥܹˡ
š۾峿սڣ۵Ĺâ۾
ش磿תͷҿûֻһƽȵڴ󴲵룬ô磬ȥˣ
ǣʵظϵޱǵΪ˱ֻܿһǿסԼôǵܲ͸ģ
ҵ˯һֱܺã̫ޱռ˴̻´ѵǣ
ǡ̲סЦ
˪ȴǸȵˡ
ˣ֨ѽһƿ˽Ÿҹ˯úô
Ű˯úܺáҰ̲ס˸
ǸģϴϾ͵緹Ѱϣתȥˡ
ҵģЬӣߵǰ
ֻطż·һ˫ɫƤѥ
лл㡭˫ִЩһůʡȫİ磬ǻֲ̿ģȴһ㰲ģΪ
ľ飬촩ˡ
ɫĳۣɫͷɫѥӡװϣҶͭգͦһС˧ģӦòᱻ˲𴩰ɣ
ҵıȫĲƲ
ǮһٶԪҺͰ衢ĵĴͷϰ֡裬֪ʲôʱټǡŵֻƼƷϧڹŴһôûУһ̼ǣſԽһֽһֱֻʡһ±һѱʹΪˣЩţǰѳˣãˣ
սеĳ齥ת硣
֮֮WHOWHO
Ұѱźã䣬̧ȥ
ش硭˴һ£Ϊˡ
屦㽲λղʶСֵܰɣűߵİվߵǰͷңǸƯĺء
Сܷ֪λֳγƺұȭ̧ͷֻбɵĽü͸Ӣ֮һ˿΢Цİ˿о롣
ЦЦ
Ŷˣˡ
ûǴĻݵʱһĸѣ塢󸦣һ
ܣҸҲվܣǷ֡֡
Сܷλֳұȭһһʩ
屦Ȼ㣬һЩġ˿ҵ壬ʣͻôСô˲ô
ǣлġСȻСⲻҾͳɲ¡һϵϢѾ㹻ģԼܴ侲δ֪һУ΢ЦŻش𣬡ʷϴӢų۳ɳҵʮࡢʮ˧ʮɱǿСܲλͬҲԷƱ±ؾΪشΪѡ
ǡЦ屦һʶ˻ۣ˴Ҳ⡣ǡüͷˡҹªţҵ˵֪ǺҲ

˭4(2)

һ㶣ˣʹȻǲõģ
ƴˣʱûأ
ġҽŵҪðˣȻһҼһʮĺͯдηţʱ򱻵סˣüɱ˽ٳĵˣǸıꡣ
Ŷԭܵļ£ѹҴδ˵ףʵ֪ܵļںδ
ҵģҵļ磿ȥĺðˣ֧ţͷȣҵļ
Ȼ˶ˣȳ緹ɡһۣ۵˿Ц⣬˰֣ʲô緹˵
ԣԣԷԷˣ룬ͷͳԡ
Ҳӣ
һ˱͡
벮һҪŷߵǰŵʦүΪĸأ£һʱ޷ҵˣԲ벮æ
ԭˣ屦ֻܿڣҾæ˵ͷ
ҪץһİģϧﶼǴˣͨ黭ȻҲЩīѧղ޷׼ȷҪò֪벮£ЩСãǡ
屦˵ˣˡȻӦǰ屦ϸ˵˵òܻ
лˡҲһ£ϸϸ˵׷ͷխüëϡӥǣ´ŨںĶ롭
һͻˣݸ
ֻúܺãֻǡ˿üͷһСɽ⻭˷ƺ̫񡣡
Ŷﲻأ˹ȥ
üͷøˣҲ˵Ͼﲻ񣬵ǲ̫񡣡
ҿǰϸƣţݷش˶ͷխȻ˵Ķͷխˣȴûߵ޷գ𻭱ˢˢǻ˼ʣУȻ˵ӥǣȴͻ̫ϣıӿŷЩƽ
ţſ߷ŵа˾ŷˡƵƵͷ
ҷëʣʱȫӲʱҲҪˮһ仯ʹĸоȫȻͬ
û뵽ССͣȴʮ˵ãӦǸ֮ˡתʵ֪ܶǽǷкμ⣿
һߵǷǰۿֿƺããû
ƽʵŶ
µѣӨԲؼ̲֡ס̽ϸϸţ⻭ͼ֮˱ضʮϲ٣кɾīƮݷı⣬ʱʶࡣ
˹վǣЩ֪ܻʲô
۵뵽һһ˿ȴŵģýݡȻһ̶ĴԡתͷЦЦ⻭߱ضзȣȴ¶ʱһ˵Ļֻ֪ͷϸ˳ǻͬʱҲһìܵˡµʯȪȪʯȴʯȪ龳Щ죬ƺйɺԴ˵ӦǼǿСȼִִַš
ð죬ļ˶һԣ̲סͷֻ˫۾գҲգؿҡ
ȿȡѵ˵ˣεظɿ˼Сһʱſں˵λ粻Ҫ֡
ߣҲʹɢ֮ΡĵطҲΡǰҲվţͷңҫ۵Ĺ⻪ߣڻʱԼӳлǻܵķһѪľ֣Һҽܽύ˶֮ˡ
ҵ¾ˣ⻭
ƣΪƮݣΩһˡǹӲ黭һܼ
֪ǷԸҵ֪ˣǰҵļ
֮áһ˶˵֪٣ʵ֪Ҳһ١˵ףԼ١ν֪֪һ֮䡣
ǣһ֪ӣҺȻĳ嶯۾Ĺâʢһסҵļ磬ߣܣҺȾȥ
æ磬Ⱦû⣬һͺȾƣ̫ðɣ
һҪ²16꣬δ˿ǲܺȾƵѽ
Ⱦƻõſʱôֵؿһۡ
Сֹһ䣺ǣСͻСǡ
͵ʱ򣬶ܺһ̳ˡҲ˽˲úȾƣһӾͶкɲӺ
ұôһ˵ֱͦ壬ظãСܷˣ
ǺȾôƺͺȲ࣡
ºܸߣͬˣҵֱߣҪʹգ飡
ҵ죡Ǿж
ˣֻﰧһȥˣ

˭5(1)

ʵ֤ȾƺͺȲͲһ
ûȹƵңһ㶼֪ԼԾƾе˳̶ȣֻһھƾͿҷ죬ֻһھƣǰģһͷԵʡˡ
ֱڶͷʹҪӴԺҲմˡ
һӣҵǹò
ĹȻЩ࣬Σգÿ찰ǰ󡢴粽ظҲϵ޷죬ûг©
ˬˣǺþơġŪī䣬˿ЩȽڡ
Ǽһ𣬵ǳζͶˣ˴˼޾ķɣҶԲޱ߷԰ֱӸϣأ̰ԴʴʡˣһҹµĲݵӵߣһֱڼʹҹҹͬҲ˿Ρ֮ǵһУõġģǳªġ񶾵ģΣҲĻᱻ˭ڱ㡣
ǶԱ˴˶ǳ̹ףһֱţһŮ࣬ҵ֪Ůӣ֪ǻ᲻һضҡ˵ҪŮ˷öࡣ
հճУ
ұܣĽȴһֱ׷ңƬ̴ϢĻᡣ
أҾЩһӭ湥һæͦ
һƫ,бҵۡ
Ʈ˺󣬾ٽ죬ڿлŸԲӲǽĽ롣
һת߻ߣתƵҵҲ࣬ӽɨ,ޱȡ
Ҿٽһһ˻ȥϿǧɣʵǿ֮ĩƣȴֲľʹ䣬һֱ֧š
ʤ׷ִ̳ŽŽƻʵ죬޴ӡ
ֻܾٽһˣһһ飬ֶȥһʱ׮סһɶԶһصصڵϡ
ܣû°ɣ󾪣첽ҷ𣬡Ϊ㻹ٳʮеģȴ˵㡣
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ȷʵ͡ߵ£Һʹ䣬ҪȵһŸġ
ҵȻˡתת󣬸оЩ飬һգһģ
ãҵսҩƣҵְ࣬ˣܣĽǴѧģΪҴδƻޱȣȴ
ǡ̫ʤǿ󷢿Ц̫̺ˡա롮ᡯᡯǵġա಻ƬΪӲᡯ͡աһ壬ܸѡԢաкᡯſԻΪָᣬԽԽգʤϧ̫Ļ򲻵һܴ㡣
̫ҵǴδ˵üͷСϸƣĽ
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㻹֪ʹȻ֪ʹ´ξͲҪôǿˡ̾һǴɷΪҲҪУ֪ô
ұᶼˣ֪ˡʹ
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ѽǲչԼѪҪɢˣ˲źõÿ졭ǰˣְõʱҲ˵Щڡ
㣬㰡ǣ˼ĺʹͻȻͷֹ˾䣬ͷļϣСС˵˵ˣ˼Ůֲˡżʹܿ԰ɡ
㷽˵ʲôû壬ͷ˹û壬˵һΡ
Ŷ˵ҵͷеǵģеΡҷһ䣬ҡһԴ
סҵͷĴָҵ̫ѨϰĦš
عһͷǰʣģʵش磬ûֵܽð
ûУǼжӡֽҷҸؿôȻ
Ҹоҵĸһʶڣһֱչҡĵ˵ģû㣬һܻҡ֪Լʲôµ顭
ƽĸ죬ѧϰ˾˯˯˾ѧϰͬѧһȥͼݣǹַ棬ĸϸĺǻÿζʱңֻǸͨĸ
ɵСӡȻԸһش磬ҵĺֵˡЦڻУ֪ûˣ԰ҵˣҵļҵԼļҡ
վߣȻһ˿紵һ־ΥĿ֡
лл㡭ش硭ǸŵζͺζţϺͰְּһģһζϦسɽһߣҪˣʱֲؼҵ޼ҿɹļįСռһɡ
ǣ㻹ʫˡҵͷҶߵ˵ûˣ޾Ϳްɣû˻Цġ
˭˵ˣҸͲޡһ˵ȥˣֻܰͷĻ
ʱִ̫ˣԼЩ뿪ҵļįҲ֪С˵ﴩԽʱյ˹Ǳź̬ģ֪벻ңһŴ˧ʲôˣ֪ҺҵˡüΣҴجڰУҹգˡѣǣʼ޷ǡҲ֪ԼҪʱնãҺԼԶزȥˣĺ¡ҺŬŬԼȥ룬ȻƲԼ
ش硭Һؼҡ˿̣ĺϣиܽʹشһϢƽůҰģҽͷϣˮϢ
޴ߡ޿ĸоҴӰߵҹִӺҹ׹ذ졣
δȫȻ֪ġ
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ش磡ңˣˣ񱻵絽һˣ
ƿŴ˽ͷңţɫ˯ûô
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ô¿Ƶģһ죬һѽסʲôô
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ͷøˣǡǲΪ飿
Ļôĺĺ
ҶݺݵصһۣǼ£ԣԶǼ£
Цúܹ⣺Ŷļ£
㲻Ҫװ⣡ұ֪ʣ
ȷʵ֪ļ¡Ͼҵľָ̬ܲʹе飿ָ޵˯š
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ҵֽظĴϣƺлҪ˵촽ᶯ˶ҵһƬʪ
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ôȫסˣ̧ͷ۵׺Ȼһ˿ҿĶ
Īǡ˫գҲգؿң۵˿ᣬʧȥĳȡ
ش硭ĴƺˣҾҲʼˣ֪ô죬ֻӵؽ
ɵСӡЦȻطſҵ֣ҵͷˣ㡣
ŶұŤջ֣ͣشţʲôأ
ɫһƽȻһ˷ǶгҪƽݡº顣
ô˵ҪԶˣһǲ̫ҿֻͷԼĽż⡣
ףţΪҪѺܶ࣬ʷʧԾͲ뽨˷ͷܽ⣬ݣºݡұȺͽȥҵغţȻɽ
̧ͷɿƳһۣ̬ƺһҲͷģʵʲôʱ
ҵͷԽԽãȺˡ
ϻ¹ȥ֪ˣȥ׼·װ
ܺãպһȾӰмҲһ˿ҲֻڹŴûбȾʱܿɾ峺գµĿɣ
ȥҺųɽȥѵɽֲڱߡ

˭6(2)

Ұſƥ˳Сش磬ĻƱô
Уҡͷϴһصˤ첲ü춼ܶѵôͲǵˣ
ҵĸ첲ѾõòЦ֤ұ֤һСġСĵģԲˤ
ǲСڸ·ˣǿϾչ㡣
һһξͺãʳָ֤ش硣
Уشն˿ûлء
᲻ֱ˵αôڣҴӱһͷȥٲˣС
һҸֻεҡͷ̾
һԿǶ̲סЦҵǵһο屦Աģܣ˰
˭۸һͷΪСͺ۸ˣ
۸㣿ҿһûЦøˣʶ屦ǸʵˣԲ۸˵ġ
ҲΪȻߣֵܣȻ˵ˡ
ҲΪáĵȰ,ϻˣʲô¹ö޷Ȭ
ǰҲǻȰ屦Ҳǵʲôʧ˺ˣҲ١
ǡǽģ̲סЦҵȻ֪ش粻ƱΪҺãֻǶѡ
ѽֻ屦Ͳô㣬Ӻزֻҡͷ̾ϢˣδǼˣ龫֣£Ǹ
ٺ١Ц뿪ڣǰͻȻĺɱ
ȥƷʲôˡһ߿µİ߸ڱȥ˸ߴĿȥֻʮɷĴΧһȦһм䡣
ҿȥЩɻ󣺡ѽȺһ֪ǿǱΧסЩˣдٱģҲд۵ģŵЩֵֹġ
׽͡ԣָһīɫ۵˵ЩڵеĲͨգӦҲǹٸˣֻǿ̫࣬ǹѲڣԲЩҲһǿǲΪٲƣֻΪɱˡ
ŶҲͷͻȻһ֣ش磬ʲôط
ֵؿһۣɽֲڡ
ɽֲڣȵȣطôôأ
ҽţ￴أأ
ˣ˲ǰſġӢ۴һϷ˵ľֲ´оԨ
ƸԨǸضˣľ֮һֱûлúñ𡣺Ͷʱر˧ӡ
뵽Ҹæͷߴ죬ش磬ȥǣ
·ƽ֮£εⱾǴɷӦġϸع۲ɽµľƣǣǱΧļԭǹٸˣΧӦзóȻȥȣ˵ỵ˼ҵĴ¡¿ЩΣǡ
ΧûзҼشȥǣ˾ˡ
ʧʱ治ȥˣȲ˵ʧȥ˽ʶĴûᣬһԨǿУһغˣǿɾĴزˡ
⡭ԥ
ˣ㲻ȥȣȥˣݣҲ˲ˣһɽƾͳȥѧŵЩֺúſһס֣
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˭ҵޣû룬͸ܴү£һᵶҿ
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һԵЩǿ׾ٵؾʹ̷Ǹ󺺣мת˹
ҶԵеľ黹ԶԶճŰӦֻҹһˣЩǿ˶ڣλεĵյ۶ˡһ̹Ҷʱæң֮һʱ
˻ҿµС֪ʲôʱҲУ˫һģͽˤ
顱һصصڵϣһ±ˤˣûҷӦѾкüѵҿ˹
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ұܵسԱ߹ȥɻ޷棬ۿǼѴ󵶾Ҫ£иӰȻһֻֽסҵһ§˹ȥ
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ǸҡֱѹµһŰɫ۵Ưӡ
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۾ʵǺɫģǺܳɫ
㲻ǡգգۣе㲻Լ۾
ӾȻǡʮܡǸˣ
㡭ҲؿңҲֳһ˿㯣㲻ǡ

˭7(1)

ĿʱһԵǿȴɱ羰ɱ
ֹ˼Ȧſ
ΣٲҴ۵СˣæӵϷԾרĶԵС
˭Ǹô
ȻǰһƬ⽣Ӱһ̲ס˼ռܿһһѸһ
ҵĽѱ˼סֻòһ㣬ҵ˹ȥҶߵļɢϡ
ûתӭһҴ˹һûӦһĵͷұ޿ɱܣ޿ɵֻ۵ͷϣʶر۵
ԤеʹȴûһɫӰݵԾ˹һҵǰܿڵһΪҵס׺ݵһ

ǵۻʺѪ罦˳ǵȴûͣ£ǻҵۡҵѪѪһ𣬽ǵĳ۶Ⱦһ顣
ûǻǸ󺺷˷ƵĻŴǿ˹
ǵȴٳû£ǶһﵲƫеǸ󺺵ͷϣֻžһѪ׽ĽղŻɷˣǿͷ­ѱһ˵ʲôĶˡ
ش磡Ҿϲؽһ
ǿֱһ죬۽ҵ㽫§˹ȥ
˻ʹֱֻһƵʹͷһǸ۵Ưӻץҵĸ첲æͣʹҴ磬ҲΣյģ
̧ŷſ֡
ȥٺˡͷݺݵصһۣƵ󣬱ǰɱ
İæٱǶ˾ͷȺǿйɱǶܣϱܣӵ䡣ܵÿģסܵģסˡ
߰ɡЩǿȥˣҲȽұϣԼҲȥ
ԨǸ۹ӴӺӢߣӢߣ
ҲֻǰС
ιش磬ء½󣬡شһһֱں׷ţѿѽ
ԥһ£ڻסһڻУͷʵǺˣ׷ʲô
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Ǹ˾񣿣̫
̲ס̽ͷȥ˫ӡ
ӣǵǰһƪ˵ƺЩʱѪͳǷʵ޴ӿ֤
ѩİȾƬƬѪȴԶĿΰκѩɽͦıӡ˫ɫһգգؿҡ
˫䡢Զ峺һƬĴ󺣣΢ȴֵ˸Ѫȡᡭ
ҺȻ޷ĵԼ˿е㺦£Ծͱͷȥ￿˿
ҵɪһ߰οƵҵļ磬һ߻شԨ̸֮ϣС£ҳݡ
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ˣһҪʹ˱˵գתͷˡ
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ü
λСֵܵأһֱûڵȻʵ
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С䣬ˡεͷοҲûаʲôæ
üëʣʵϸк⣿
͵벻ҪᣬֻǾλСֵܺƣƺ
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ҿһǧԺˣһ￴ҲܼҰ
ҽз뵽ҿ˵һǴˣδ档
ˣǸˡң
ˡҲٺǷϻˣһ˦ޣҵļ㱼˳ȥ
һ̲סͷһۣң۵׾ɫĵһĸо
еϤеİ·ܽôңԶ
񡭡ѵǰļ
Һһ·ۣܿ뷮ϣ˼ջϢ
˻ֱ۴һʹƺһҧ´
ҩȵ۵˿ϣʵʹô
šʹʹҵ˵ͷ
Ҫˣ֪ʹ߰ѱϣ˵ʲô飿Ϊ˾Ȼˡ
ûаҸͲʶҽŵһμʹش磬㣡Ȼ˱ʹᶼˣش磬ҵô
ߡһûлشҡ
͵͵˿ɫСĵʵΪʲôѽ
ܣ˴Ҳȷʵ̫ˣҲѹ屦ɽȥΣգ֣ѺǼ˷²ǰȥ㡣Բʧ̬ҵǵһμ
Բش磡֪ü˳۵˵´βôˣçײˡ
ȻͷΪҰ˿ڣûдҡ
ֻ̧ͷ򷮻ȡ
Ƿ飺屦ͻС᷸ԭһΰɡ
ҲֻǡǺ˰ʹ˻ûãͿʼ֡һۣ̾ˣҲ˵ǲ֪ϧԼ˵ٶҲá
ǰ鿴ҵƣȴͻȻ¶İֱ۷㶣Ӵܣûע⣬ŷ֣ԭְϸ£ָ޼ɾȻǴ˼ҵĹӣûɹֻɣֿ˿ҵЩɻʵϵļۣ±һŮӶð׻ǶǴүǶÿշ紵ɹģƤģôһϸƤ⣬üĿģǹˡ
ҡҲڵض˶֣֪λش
üѸΪҰ˿ڣҵ䣬תͷԷ˵˷ڣҲг̣ǶԲס
С¶ѣܶû£ҲͷˡҴ˷·ȥڴϢһݣǾʹ˱ˡ˵ߣء
磬ءҺæʩ
ҲˣЩϢɡ¥ˣתңöҪȳԵ㶫
һ˻ԴҲֻͷеΣ˯
ðɣϢң˳ƽ⿪ҵҵĳۡ
Ҫش磬ʲôҶʱˣͺһæץס֡
ҿˣԼÿ½ŰġһУҲһ£Ҳûʲô׵飬ΪҪУ
ҡҡץ֣ҲǣҲǣ˰죬ӲͷƤһ䣬Ҳϰ߱ΪҸ¡
Ƕӣ㻹Щͷһſ֣ˣ㲻Ұ㣬ǾԼɣС˿ڡ
Ŷ֪ˡתѾؽ·
ڰѳͷһѾҰѴ̺ˣϢһ°ɡ
šůůģȴ̲סȤش磬ɱ軹ҪϸŶ

˭8(2)

ǸԺ˲֪Ҫ·Ҳ֪Ҫ£ϸģÿÿҡÿγʶؽһͬǣĺѧϰ·СġٶҷƢϸؼסҵסֳذҡһϤİȫУҪ̲ס뿿߿ࡣҶԣİʱΨһˡ
ǣ㲻˵ֳôҵļ磬ҲиӣӦþչɡ
ʲôӣҿӺӦСܣӡҵĺȻ˼£еؽͣûţڷǻô
ɵСӣ̫У̫ˡϰԵظҵͷ㡭
ôˣȻס˿ڣ̧ۿֱֱضҿ
ͷɢļҷ
ͷŶߵͷһ飬ûϵܿͻٳģҵͷúܿġ
ͷȷʵÿ죬Ҽǵʱͷֻߣ磬ˡҵͷظҵӡ
оĵůûƿӵУǰʱ򣬻ΪǸļһء
ǣôμ㣬Ŀ⿴ңʱҾ룬ζҪ㡭ϸ£ĸо૵ƣϵĺ뻮ҵƤеʹ
ش硭۾ҲңĿˮ
ţҺȻе㷢̣վЩ
ش磬ôе㡭ҺȻЩ֧˰˵еֵֹġ
ȻҡǻңǣҵĿȴ˱仯ЩҿĶ档
ôƺΪ⣬ɿ˻ҵֱۣ㲻ôȥϢɣ
ŶӦԹԵѥɵϡ
ۣɵߡ
Ѿϰ˯ԱˣԺȻر۾Ϣ
ȴ޷˯Ժﲻֳͣ˫׵ӡ
Ϊʲôһͻֹסؿأ
ǣӦûټİɣΪջǻͶ£ΪµĴ󽫡
ȵȣƺе㲻ԣ
ա塷˵ԨǻӦûСɣҿȴѾǸĹˣô£
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ҵʮꣿǾ˵쾵ѾʮĻʵˡ
Ҽǲˣ쾵ҲʮĻʵۣô˵Ĵ޾Ҫˣ
УҼǵ˵׷ɱԨǻ˾ȥģʱ㻹ֻ̫ӣûϻʵء
˰Ҳûףʣش磬ʶׯĵô֪߸կô
Ȼ֪ЩҲ㡣ƽػش𣬡߱λż鳼ľĺвƽ֮ۿ¾ҪңҲʲôˣֻͶΪΪ񣬳һ
ɷˡҷ˾䣬š
˵ϾҪͶ߸կˣԨӦҪ췴˰ɣ
ԽԽͷʹôº֪ʷԲϺˣ
תһ룬ҿĿɶǡ塷Ӣ۴飬ⶼϷ˵ɷֺŨС˵ƺʷúԶء
һ˵ֻҪϻʵۣΪ̫ڣһûˣô䣬ӰҲ̫
ͨһ㣬ʱ;Ϯʶģһʲô֪ˡ

˭9(1)

ڶһ磬ҳԹ緹Ѻ˷·ˡ
Ǹ˴·һСȻСȴ˽ܡмʱѽӽУ꣣СĽǵּۻһƬʮַ֡
ʲôӣôô֣ұ߿
ӦҲ֪䣬ϵȺȻӵǰ,뿴ʲôƵġ
ţȻ˸߽һǰ̨Ϸˣҿȥ
ԭҪڳϷˣѹֽôˡ
ţߺȵ糱ȺѾӵҺһ¾ͱɢˡ
ʵ̫ˣȺоƮںһСˮݣֻǴȥöģŲġ
ԭʱ˾˳ż鰡ƣ˿ȶʮһ͵ݳѷɫ
ұͷһѪ·ڴнѳڽﲻͣش
̫ˡ
ٶ༷ʮ룬Ҿ͵ȱˣû120ȣ˵ҵСûˣǿɾԩˡ
ţȻʶһص⡣
أôûأ
ҸæżĴ
ӵ˳Ȼǰͺ̣ﻹüӰ
군ˣҺɢˡ
վڽֱߣֱֻŵ˳ɢȥȥѰ
֪˶ã˳ڽȥֱÿյģҲ
˺ðҲҲֻĿĵڽϹţƼˡ
ʱԺһֱܵչˣֿˣһʱ治֪ô졣
ȻѾȥǽϻһЩ̯
ش̯λߵһ̯λѰ˼ǲǸһ¹иͣĶӡ
һС̯ǰ̯ڴ˿߽ͣץңλСүɶϵȻɫúƣʲôģұ˵㡣
ȥʲôС⣬ԭǿ˼ҲףƳ˼ۡ
ǸЩҶϡ̯ϰڵĶЩʲôΡ֮ģҡҡͷתߡ
λСүȵȣÿ˰ɣ̯ȴŹңǰһקҵĸ첲ߡ
һʹ죬ʲôôβǿģΥȨ汣İҺ۸ǲǣ
㡭һعͷ뷢𣬿ϵĶȴȻû
һ͸ʯ󡢱ϸµĲɫƣɫ̫͸ẉ̂峺Ĺɽĺˮ
ҿʯ֪ôģǰȻֳ
ʯɫɫ
ֽӹţϸϸ棬ֻʯǳĴÿе񾭡
̯Ҳ˵æʵôСүϲô
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ӡ̯ҪæͼӴ׵˵Сү֪ô߲ʮŻһҹգֻʯһСʯһСʯҲСүõˡ
̲סЦǣ˵컨׹ҲǮġ
ҿɲǿտ˵׻ġ̯Ҳţֽ͵һԳʯԵģഫһһŮһ飬ǾԵȽᡣ
ԵȽ᣿
ֻʣʮˣʯͷȻ˵㣬ǧͷôһҾˬشӦˣãӣˡ
ۣƯʯͷҸǮ䲻һֻ֣һ¾Ͱʯˡ
㡭һͷһʯͷȴһСк
ֻɫƣ⣬СȻϴųѣ˿ȴӻҪСлһ
С磬ҺϲʯͷøҺôգŴ۾ؿҡ
ȻòƯҲһ㶼ɰ˫۾ȴ񣬴˿ƵĿҡ
ЩԥϾҲϲǿʯͷ
ˣҺһʲôأ
Ұ˰֣СܵܣȻϲҾͲҪˣøɡ
ŶܸˣֱģȻ˵ûǮ
̯һˣûǮʲô֣
ˣף͵ҺԵɡ
кͷ̯˵ǮҸʯͷߡ
С磬Ǻ˰кܸˣֱɵЦסһߵӡ
ֻһҵ䱻°
ʱɵۣ⺢Ӻô
Բ𰡣С磬ҲǹģǺӿҵ·ԼҲһ
û£Ҳ㡣εؿӣҲˣµľˡ
ҿкﻹ˿ΣͳЦЦ£Ĳ㡣˵ţǮ̯ȴһƵ̯ʯͷҪˡ
ֺЦֺ⻹˸
תȥһŽɫ۵˴żҶվĿƵؿкǿʯͷ
ҹֵԲסˣλ̨ʯͷҪˡ
һ첱ӣҹǲҪģֻҪǴүҿϵĶһҪõ֣
˲ʲôö˵ǵض֮ģҲͲˣ
ҳСүҪĶ˭Ҳߣ
ǾͲҪˡѽҶ֣һ֣ҶͳҺк˹
ҲɵÿЦҪһ׮һʯͷѪˡ
̯ŵ̯ӶҪ粻֪ܵʲôطȥˡ
·ϵҲµˣҪˣĶ㣬ܵûӰˡ
ҽк󣬳ĳǼҶɱ
˴ܵһסкҪʯͷ
ұǼҶס޷ȥչкЩżϽеһˣ۸һСӣʲôӢۺú
кػסʯͷ˰ûһʱһƾкȥ
кһֻꡱһ죬˱ֲҽҵֶˣ
кҽУҲûһȭɨ˹ȥĶϣֱѪʡµصڵϡ
ЩҶһӱ˴ˣæҶһߣͷȥ
Ǽûܵأкȭͷ͵ˣ顱һһһգſһ̧߳ȥһײһȹȥſһ
ҿ۷ֱ˭ҵĺӰ˲á
кЩҶõֱУɢӣò񫣬ץסһˤڵϣ̧ߡ
һã߷ǳɡЩȻɶ񣬵ﲻҸϽȥһѱסСܵܣˣģ
кѾɱۣ˭ˣһ˫һţ̱صصɳȥ
ˣ»ˤۡͷѪġ
Σֻñ۱ͷ׼
һӰѸһ˫ı۰ڿнסңұ˸
лл㣡ִ˵ļµл
ͷңӲ͸ųȺ,ȴһİѲ⡣
㡭ҵɴۣʱĻС
һۣҲû˵ʲôܿɿַ̧ͷкȵԪԣʲôס֣
Ҷʱ׹ԭкԪԣѹô
˵Ҳ֣ԭ׼Ԫĺǳס֣ԹԵߵ߽е硣
㻹֪磿Գǲԣǣȥη㣡
磬ûСԪһСΪԼ⡣
סڣ㻹ҽƱ磬һȥڣҪߡ
һ£ܴܵǣһ֮ͷѾѹɼҶס
ǣȶģǴҶġЦôΧӣѵô
ҲϹҲסǿܵܰǴҲʵ
Ҫ⳥һҲвƽԵȥ淢ǣǻ᲻˰üŭ͵̫ԭˣʱĴݡ
̫ԭҡ񡭡ԭ̫ԭƴƴ粻һǵġ˱סˣһʱҲ˵ʲôе
ҿ¾ʹգҲ׷߰ɡþգǰ˰֡
лүЩҶ̧ˣĵȥˡ
Ԫֽкãֻۣ˵仰ͰǶˡ
סڣ㻹壬һȥһԪһң첽ǰȥ
һ°ǻȥ췣ǵ飬ҪѽҼˣʹ˦˦
Сֵǰξ븸ף˴־ԪԣҵĴˡҵקýģشú̹Ȼǰδܺúôл˴ζҪлһ
˵ͷͷǵҿһͷ亹ˣҶûаæҵʲôл
ֻΪл㣬Ҳύѣζܹһ𡣡ĽŲԷƫͷңıֿɫء
һʱҡ
˫һȪӶؿңӴ˿峺ƺҪ޾Ԩȥ
Ҳصͷá
ǰԺá
ֻͷƻԻͣһݵˣȫ˶ˡ
˸̤ţûüڣͿԨһСҹ£
ԪһƲϿܵһò̫̫ߡ
̫̫§ڻ׵ģԪ԰һܵȥˣɰǼˡ
Ԫ˵̣һڻ԰棬иСûҾͿųȥˡȻҾߵˣǶ˿ɶˣ˵ʲôҪȥϷҼұ·ߣֲ֪ؼҵ·ˣֻǴޣҿҵңҪǰɣˣ̡
̫̫һˣҿĶίˡ

˭10(2)

ԪҲһѱһش̡
ο˸жȴ̲סЦ
̫̫֪ԪⷬǸղŻ·̵ġ
Ԩȴûױ򶯣ŭδ˰üҷҪúùܽӣ
һԨҪԪԣ̫̫ˣ˭ҶҵĸαһͷҾƴˣ
㲻ٹˣҽҪúýѵɣԨӾҪԪкȥ
ң̫̫ҲˣԼӵţԪԻýġ
㣬ӣҳҪţԨǸТӣĸԪԣ˵̫̫ǹӵȻͲˡ
Ԫ԰ͷĸһǲԨ첱Ӵ֣ȴû취
ԿЦֲЦֻһֱǿš
ˣԪԻСˡϽǰԲﻹпڣ˿Ц
ԨʱŻͷңæѰӷ£λСֵܿźơ
ֲڳǵǸСֵܣ͵ҲҲ޷ҵԪԡ
Ŷ㣡Ԩˣæ˵ҳСӢǸм
ҹ˵Ҳδʲôæ˵Һա
ˣպһλӢأԨʡ
̾˿ҺڽϱϷ˳ɢˣҲ֪ȥѰ
ǿϧˣһ뵱лľ֮ԨңҲ֪δл㣬硭룬ȻӢʧɢҲԵˣסգһ֮ꡣһ԰̽Ӣ۵䣬žۡ
˼ţûطȥȥﶼȫõµˣסԨﵹͦõġôˬʹӦƴԼǼ㲻˼һұͼıء
һת飬ѵðɡ׻˵޹»޵ܣסڸϴš
С磬С磬ϲ㣬òãԪƴǣϲˣܹңòãһ
⡭ҹü
Ƴһۣ۵һĨЦ⣬ƺǿҵСϷתͷԨ˵ףǰЩӲ˵ҪԪҸʦôҿСֵҲǸī֮ˣ½ԪԶϰΣ
Ԫӣ½ĻǲģСֵкøУСֵòˡԨһֿ㷽˵޹»£ԪԵʦҲʦˣֻЩίСֵˡ
ҵͷ͵ЦڵüˣԸҵԪԵʦҵңĻ˵ʲôίίġ
Ԫһˣô˵СӦˣ
ţҴӦԪԵļ磬ͷ񣬷Ҳңһ˿޷⣬ֻһ¼ӿˣæƫͷȥ
̫ˣԪԺܸˣһקסҵӣתȦȦ
ˣﰵвãѾˣֻһѲ죬ұߵֱ
Բ𰡣С磬ҡԪǰӣͰ͵˵
ԨæǸǸǲִ֪磬СֵĪ֡
û£һ߲ÿһ֣˵Ƥºˣһˡ


˭ ڶ

˭11(1)

繫ӣ鷿ˣԺȥ幫ӹܼҽ쵽鷿ʩ񣬶תˡ
̧ͷȥǽϳžʷӼаһ˶鰸ϰķıʼֽľϳŹ񻨵İϰһŹ٣ϻһŰɫë̺齡Ʈī֬۵ЩֻС˵͵Ӱܿİ衣
Ŵþ˵鰸ӽ𣬾ҪʼҵĽˡ
һӦȫϧûнߺͽ̱ޣҪȻһѧˡ
ţ䲻ԺһϮ΢ƫͷһֻ漴ҵļ
Ҳͷ͵һ磬ʹֶΣס˵ұۣ뽫˦ڵϡ
ó棬ֻһŤҷǵ˺ü
һһʹ̫֣첲һһͣ˵ֺ˳ȥһǣһɺǰ˦ȥ
ˡסһȻܾҾȻƿڿе˳һţֱҵͷ
һֻƳɨһ̫ͣһؼ٣˾ˤȥ
ֻͨһˤ˸ʵʵ
ѽô㣿ҶһԪԡ
һµӵۣ磬ʹʲô
һ뻵ˣæȥʵôˤûУûˣ
Ԫ˲ˣץҵ֣磬кҺòã
ããץҵ֣ܵʹģСӻ֣ҵֿˣ
ŶһǻˣŻŵɿ֣ԲҲǹġ
һͷȥֻһȦŶѾЩϺˡ
Բ𰡡ԪԿҵƣˣңûôѽô͡ѽȥд
û£ˣֻһ㣬Ҳ򣬻Ц⺢ӿççײײĵȴܺãٶǺܺõģЦµģ㣬ղűˤ˳ȥû˰ɣ
ӹǺܰҲۣһû˵ظֿ˿ҵ֣ε˵ֻǸʽû뵽Ū
ҵûôѽûû۵ģֻһ飬ͺˡҿüģ̲סȤҸղʹ̫֣ѧٽ㡣
һ˵ҪԪ۾һΪʲôҪأڽ̲ô
ϰֵģɲʹǹŪġ˵Ҳʲô׼ĽҲӵܰһ˦ͷˣл˵ǱߵȥǿʼϿˡ
ҪҲҪϰ֣Ҫ书ԪԲֿˡ
ٳҾԶ̫ˣС죬ӲʩˣԹԵΣҹһͽ㣬òã
áĲ鲻ԸӦ
ôҾͽ㡶ˡûʦ֪ôΣִϳ˱ͽˣǿӵ¼ἯҪ֮һƵǺ̡ ־
ƪ¿ԷΪ֮֮򡯡Т֮ϲ˵ţ˵һֻһ飬һǡˡһͿ¡벿ƽ£벿ʹ̫ƽԣô˵ÿڸԪȴûӦͷһͷ֪ڰʲôûҽΡ
Сӣ̫ˣЩջ𣬿첽ߵǰһӣˡһһ
ⲻǡһҿϵǿʯ
ԪԿҰֵǿʯͷܿ˵磬ҼǵҲϲʯͷһǰøˡ
ģ־ϲͷȴԪԵıƵۣ־Щ̣ͻȻһɣҺϷ¶ˣʯͷ͹㣬´ˣʯͷɾ͹ˡ
ãԪһ˵ҪϷ˾ͷ
ﰵЦǰΪѧһСħû뵽ھȻŪĺӡ
㿴Ŷҽճȭͷ״ְʯͷ֣Ԫԣǿʯͷֻ
ȻˡԪԺʵػش
Ŷôǣ㿴ˡֱһʯĵػҵֻ̯֣㿴ûС
ԪЩˣܣҸղˣ
ǡٸһλᡣҶ˶֣͵͵ʯͷ˦ҰҪˣֻ
Ԫһۣ֣
ǡ̲סЦһŤʼʩʯֻøһʯͷ·˹ȥҵ
Ȼһֻ֣סҵһͳҶ𣺡Ҳ֡
һͷȥվǴһ˿Ц⣬ҡ
֣ǰɣʿˮ˶ѣȴյýģȷѽȻô𰸡
Ƿ֣ʯͷֻ¾ͲˡЦһִսһ
ֻöһ̾һԺȻһݺҲ˼ˣճȭ򿪡
ۣԪԿʯȻ¶ˣʯͷӦù磡
ͷյøˣҾĴҵĶˣؿڣԸô
ƲƲ죬Ĳ鲻Ը˵ȻӲˣʯͷȻˡ
Ц£ȡʯָỮҵģĶʱоèץһ£һһۣĴУҵȴͻȻսȵĸоƤ衭ÿ£ΪʲôҶİ˵˻ôǿҵĸоأ
ʶʹȥȴץýģǿҾ󶼿Ҫϵˣ㣬ʲô
ɫΣյѶţ΢΢ıҶߣǲǡ
ǲʲô˹ƻ󣬴ؿ
磬磬ǵôӡôһԵԪԲıţҲҪ棡
ͷһۣ΢ɲ̾һһɣſң˵벿Ϳ£˻ν⣿
ڽˣæͷ˴֣ˣ϶ӡϺָۡҲɵÿЦ˹Ȼֵܣһ
һǡ벿ոշµ
˶ãô벿ˡ
Ǹ벿γʱģֻƣôͰ
벿£䡶ҽʾ֭Ӳǰʦʷʦ̵ĶӴ˳챣ӣûаѧĶͳͳʦȻô˵Щˣ˼ТסʰҾ˼ΪͨﵽƵ߾磬Ҳ˵ľӣЩֵÿΪġ
û뵽Сѧȴԭֻĵţȴ۾ؿң˵ȥ
п಻̫ǰ̸ʲôι³ǰŪ󸫡عǰˣ󵶡ô
µﻢˣӲͷƤ˵֮һΪѧ룬ΪװˣΪ˼ԵιΪΪĸڵġŬػţҲ˵޵£ʷʣѪ֮ƯҲ˾޵µģ֮ʦȥŰߣؽʤΪ罭֮ˮȨۣ֮ȻҲ㸲ۡϧˣΪȴǳԵĵ˵ֻǵսǷ壬սǷνġˮ𡯡ڵֻǷսĽڣֻԼľʦν֮ʦǵĿֻ뵱ϻʵۣȨѡ
Ϊ罭֮ˮȨۣ֮ȻҲ㸲ۣΣյظҵĻֻǵսǷ壬սǷνġˮ𡯡ڵֻǷսĽڣֻԼľʦν֮ʦǵĿ뵱ϻʵۣȨѡ
һ⣬ҾȻĶ˵ˡ
ͷԪ˵ԪԣȥԺ
Ԫһû˯һ˵ȥ棬Ͼһ̵ܵûӰˡ
ңø֪֪㷽ǷпΪɱ֮
ұôһ˵ëַˣһӲ룬ڻ̫أѲĻĨҵĲӲɣѵûпԺú˵ĵطô㲻֪ô
ѵôڴúɽǰ˭ԸСɫÿжлʵΣ롮˿ȡ֮ʵʲôôΨҶΪΪ޷졣Ҵʱ̹Ȼһ˦ӾԱ£ΪʵԼǷȨһаСҪŮˣԺʮޡҪǮԼ˽ǮҪв꣬ޡ

˭12(2)

ʷϣûΪƽɷս˵ǰսǴҪʵۡΪʵۣӢ۾þıɱ¾ֶΣֻΪ۰¡νȫǹƨû˽¿ԣ̸ʲôϵľ֮ˡ˵˵ţʼõҲˣϧ˻ʵۣҲֻ۰ĳص㡢ĳʱڵ£
ûпңֻǶؿҡ
Իʵ۲ʲôַ֡ЩСûʲôͬҪˣһ˳ƻʳƵ۵ʱ⼸ǧСյȥΣ˴λȨʱҲҪǼǧСյЩνļͷȥǹЩ׵ĻҾͰװ׽һǧ꣬ôĽ
񵹶һ˵Ķ˵˳˵֮͵һӣȻֱʷϵġ֮Ρ̵ĺûʵ̫ۡ
͸쳣Ĺʣвзŭɻ󣬸ȴǾȡ
ΣһĨЦ⣺˵ˣ
˵ˡ㬵ӦţķӦԤڵȫһʹЩˡ
㷽˵ЩҾ䶼ˣֻǻЩ׵ĵطָ̡ѾЩӵɵʵ˵װ׽һǧ꣬ôĽʲô˼
⻰ͬһˮͷҸǵϽ
ˣһʱڲԣ˵Ĳ˵ȫ˵ˣ
ҾȻ˵Լװ׽һǧ꣬˵ʲôǺô Ҹ˻ˣ˶磬֪ԹɫУΪ˳һʱĿ֮죬ܿΪԼɱ֮
ûӦվƽң˼ԣЦЦı鿴Щë˵
ڷԼ˸ȴܿµĴûдҲҪԵط׼˵Ļȴûе˵ЩĺǸʵۣһǸĻʵۡʷʵȣҲǸĺĻʵۡҪɱңõŽôֻҪһָҿСܾ֪ܿûˡ
ǰһ˺,,·ˣȻ˫ֳϣȦڽҸ޷ѡ
㡢㡭ղŵʧӰ٣ּֿѷֲǺ»ǺˣſԼ侲ȴȫϵζ
侲侲һҪ侲̫ķķĿھǡ
Ȼһ㣬̲סͺһŵòԼʲôǵˣﻹʲô̫ķ
˵ͷ£ò׵ͫǰֻԱңӾҲʮ֣ҾԼϢˡ
ϵζϵȻңÿϢҵϣҿʼЩѣҪں֧ţҿ¾Ҫǰˡ
ʲôѽС֪ܱܲסȴɫģ֪ӦãȴǼͣ
ͷøˣҪҵĶͷˡ
ʶرͷֵϣ¶ȴ̵һ¾֣㡭
ʱ򣬴Ȼһܣ鷿ô

˭13(1)

΢ۣ˲ջ֣תſȥ
ҵͷͣشŴֽؿϣƺÿѵ㡣ٶ״ҷǱųಡɡ
硢͵ܡӭͻͷңܣΪ
Ŭƽǿžȥ
֮Ĳࡣҵڻ΢΢̣Ļúܼٿɫ糣ƽȣȷһҳ黹죬
λҴɣҵĺѲܡشҵļ磬ƽΪǽܣ½ʶѷ̵ԪԵĹΡ
ӡ̧ͷߵĲܣֻ˫Ŀǣ׾ƤǳٿĴţɫ£筺£һһӦȫװãԵӢˡǸɧ˧硱̾ЦҹȻǸͲһӣõĶõģûǮ
ֵܹض񡣡
ӡתͷٿұߵɣһɫۣ˵ҲüĿ㣬ֻϧ̫أŵƵģƳˡ
Ǹֲھ˵ķţͦµһӣ۵ģƯþһŮɰ˰֣ϸضң⺢Ҫ۾Ư˫ۡ
ұͶ̫ûɶøУһ˵ҳƯң˵˫ۡϻûӣȻǺˡʱЩʹ죬ѪţӲضһ䣺ɽҰôֱɣ˵Ưۣ쵤ǲŽƯԼӴ磬ҪһһҪࡣ
㡭ɱһ˵ഽףҶһжҲõҧ˵Ͳ͵ţһе飬ȸˡ˵գתˡ
ǡЦǲܣҵļ򣬡СӣС󣬵Ǹ˵
ûЦֻǴ΢΢䡣
˭ҵġʼ磬ں˵šȻܽȴҲ֪һ֣̫Ժ󲻻ʲôùӳԡҲ˲ˣ˾ôƢʭӶ˲Ҳ±˵Ĵˮھˡ
ȻſɶȴҲûʲô³̫ӣɵҲûܵϻʵۡ뵽ҵǶù̫Щ֮顣һ䣬λûˣûˡɥԼֵġ
뵽ҺȻе䣬סʹ˺սµĲɣԵԼֵܶµȥֵˣ֪ҪôʰأԽԽ£ʶһŲƣֻܵԶԶġ
ʹһûŲȥ벽ͱοסˣΣյڸңӵ
Ҳضһ£ͷȥûпңǶԲЦ͵ܣңֻΪɣбɣ
ܿ˿ңɫ
˲һֿۣһۣ͵лֱ˵ûˣǿˡ
һ㶣ôͳǿˣղһɱ֮ı飬񣬵ڴʲôأ
תߵߣĴһ£Ŵͳͳغã˵ľץˡ
ľץˣһ˿죬ʲôʱ飿
ҷȥɽگ˵ңľǶŮ׼ңӦüʥּҵ¾ȥľ
Ŷǵץˡ󷴶ƽȻǵĮˮı顣
ôأܵЩˣøϽ취ľ
ξϣƵؿڣǿʥּѲ뿹
ʱҲû취ܿûһɣԽԽˣľǵĺѣѲҪؿ֮ࣿ
ҲǲֻǴҪӳ顣ַŶͷʱľ̫ӣʲôǣһȫ롣
ܱôһ˵Ҳ侲˼ǣ
ҵΪľӦòܼܿ࣬һʱָûľѣѵǾȳԺô죬ͷ۵⣬롣
ľŬػţûмǴĻľԨҪ߻ߣƳĿԪѫıԡߣȷʵǸɶõ˲š
аʱľƴŵطһ¡ǴҵʮĩԨ̫ԭأԨӽڴҵʮ꣬췴ӲԶˡ
֪ܶԴкοţȻƫͷҡ
ʲôľʲô˶֪ʲôһö˶˵ôʵͷˣ˸ղŵľ飬ҿɲٺ˵˵ˣοӶ벻취һëͷСôܻ⣿
ôֳζ⣬ҷżʲô˼룬ͻֳڹʣԣ㲻ҡ
Ҿȵ죬ؿȻסңȥֿǳȴޱȷ̡
ЦЦЦȴζݷڸңװɵҾҪÿ
̫ˣ׾ٵؾͿҵĸƢ
Ҷѵس˳ǣŬ볶һЦݣϧ̫ɹҾԼһ鴤Цȿ޻Ҫѿ
֪ɽǰ·ͷȻֱ仰ûУٲҿ´ˣֻô̫û´Ժһȥ̽ˡ
̽Σָס򦣬ؿҡ
ӼȻǺѣһ֪ǶıƱ硣ҺٺٸЦţֻҪȥ̽һ̽ȻͻӦˡ
ǿͷĶҵһξ͹ˣÿҶ̸ۡ˵ʷоҲǲõġ˵ԭ͸ľֺοأ
˼һ£תͷԲ˵̶ȥ̽ľȴһ£ҼľкμƲߣ㡣
ãôɡҲӦһȥ
䣬ҲվҪȥľԸͬȥô
ҵȻԸˣȻô룬ϵȻô˵ǣӺҪ̣ҾͲȥˡ
ֿһۣҲٶ˵˦˦Ӿͳȥˡ
һи̱ϡ
һ䡢䣬һƬƬѩشӻɫƮԽԽ
ǽĵһѩ죬ˡ
ѩʱ򣬿ر£˺泩ɡ
ȥױݸױƯѩ
һվ÷¾ؿţѩƬƬƮҵͷϡëϡϡ
ϲѩʱǰãã磬Ҹоһɾʱ
̾ţȻһϮҲͷ۽һƳһȭͷѾɨ˹
Ҵһã˫ֳһ˻ȭͷƳǰһϣ˭֪ܴҾȻһҲ
ѵ
һʱɿ֣һǰԾȥ˹Ȼʹסҵ֣ʹҳ鲻
ڣҺԥұһͣͺ󱳣ɣһǳɣƲ˳˸ƯĹˤ
ֻ顱һ˱ӽ÷Уˤ˸˲档
Ȼ㡣̧ۿȥԪԣСôÿ춼Ҫ͵ϮһΣûˤ
ߣ˭㲻ʲô̫ʲôֵġԪƲ죬ˤ۵ƨɣڵֱߺߣߣҾͲˣûһӮ㡣
ҿЦã͵ϮɹˣҲʤ֮䣬Ҳûʲôõġ
ҲܣԪһۣʼˣһҪң
ãҵСڣҽ̣ҽ̻ôҳ֣Ϻģɡ
ԪԶҵֺһҵ֡
ҸȴȻһʹһӦѾڵء
ӮˣԪѹϣסҵֽţؽеӮˣ
СӾȻʹթ˼£ҵȵȻͽ޹ˣҲˣ̫ˣ
ߣӮˣԪ԰С˹ԣһҪ
ţҿȻˣֻضҿǾʣôˣΪʲô˵
磬ҵһôؿ㣬ԭ㳤ôƯԪԱ˵öñСҵ۾ģССģ촽ģƤ۵ġ
һС֪ʲôƯƯҲöȥ
ҵȻ֪ˡԪԺػش𣬡㣬ǾͺƯ
̲ס̾ɵСӣŮģеѽ
ŶҾô糤òҲúܺÿԪƺǲףüͷҾǶûƯղ￴㣬Щѽѩһ𣬾һһܺÿġ
㡭Ҷ֪ô˵ˣ۾һͷеӣðѪͷôѪˣ
ŶѪˣѹҾеءԪԷſңͷǸղˤʱ֦εİɣС˶ѣû¡
ѽһԺִ¶ͳΪԺģⲻ˿ĿŴ˺װͷΪϣ𶯣Ұ㴦˿ڡ

˭14(2)

ԪһȻ͹ԹԵزˡ
ҪΪС˾ͲȥǰƴԷֹϸ룬зˮŶܱ˿ԤȾ˿ںܿͻõġԺҷԪؿңôң
磬á֣ص˵š
ǡ̲סЦӾǺӣ˵ʲôɵأѵ˶Ͳˣ
磬ҵֲϲңæһ굽ͷӰ˼ҵС˵ǹûԸ档ԪԺɥ˵ȻҺãͼˡоֻжҺãǴóԵġĸңҲæܾòһΡ
šһסˣ֪˵ʲôźãֻĸЩġ
Ǵĵϧӣһ뵽˶ҪˣԽԽѹôأѲҪҪٴ죿ڴװ룬ö׻
Ŷˣ磬Ժ磬ҸġԪԺȻʲôӶͳһСӣ˵ġ࡯ȥٻѪĹЧܺá
ȥٻѪֽӹ򿪸һ£ҩζ嵭Ҳܺš
ԪԵͷ԰˵˺ôһ飬ϵҩźõÿ졣
ߣʲôˣʵģҵ֮ԻŪֵܺģ
Ȼﻹе߷߲ƽ֪ô£ȴеůůġ
ˣ磬ղ˵ǸʲôʲôԷֹϸ룬ԪգŴ۾ңʲôϸ
ϸʦߣԴҵҲҲǲеģΪѵץץ䣬˵ϸණ
֨ѽһƿķţ˽ȥ
ɢŵ̴ľеİܼ򵥣мŴ󴲣ǽϰ飬ǽϹһ֣ٴһ̴ľĴ鰸ϼֽһ̵ֽѹš
߽һ㣬ϰŵľʼϹŴССŵǺϺȴССʮ֧ʡЩëЩһǵһοдľҵô֣СĽȷõһЩϻһʯ۵ϿӶ⣬̨еīޣͦŵġ
۹һתҿǽϹҵǷ֡
;꣬ڹĺ֮ڻɽ֮ͤϸһȻ֮ġͤ򡷡
ŶˣʷϵǸ鷨ߣȻƲ鷨ңȴҲдһֺ֣ᳫѧϲ֮鷨
ġġͤҿȻղأǾһ漣ˡ
Ұеİ趼ϸϸؿһ飬ȴû
Ҳ̫ʱ˰ɣԼӣ˵ҪԼȴ첻¶档
Ҵϳ˱飬ǰ
ֵ˺һû֣ҿ˿ڱʼϵëʣȻЩǾֽīˮñʣֽϵȾš
ӡֽϣڰ׷
һ㶣ҸûдѽĪˣ
ҸϽֹȥֽһš
ҵֻûֽͱһֻ޳ס
̧ͷȥվǰؿңǴһ˿΢Цɫʡ

˭15(1)

㡭ҳһʲôʱģ
֣Щôûɿҵ֣ҵһ㣬ϸҵ޳ָḧҵָؽڣţҩȷʵЧ˺ܶء
㡭΢üëǲ֪˵ʲôֱʳָĦڲ࣬һ˿΢𶯣ߣӷſҵõø죡û˵ţֳ˻
Ŷʶûټ⣬ͷҸղдǼ֣ʲô
ʵ˵ˣһʱϰϰ鷨
ţϰ鷨ֽһΪô㶼ддҵأ
һʱ֪νͣΪԼΪʲôʶд֡
ֻ֣Żԥ±ʡЦҵһЦЦˬʣҲ֪ԭһ˶ʱжҡ
ұﻹЩôһ˵ˣ˾ץҵСӣ뿴ҵЦ
ǰд֣Ϊ㡣ɵ˵ţ̧ͷɫȻ˱䣬̲ס͵ЦǣһкܶԭҲԹдġҲдֻΪ㣬϶ӣС˽ţʲôġ
ŶôҲգЦ˵Ҳֺ֣ܶЩŮ˾رϲһЩץסĵ䡭
˵װɵܿ԰ɣ
ʼ磬⣺Ŷôû˵
û뵽㻹дһֺ֡Ҳ׷ʣĿתصϣ絶ֻȾȴ·Ҫֽ͸ûŮҵȴӵĺ
ٺ١ǿ佱ңǹأ
ڨЦӣдֵȻˣôܻŮҰأ
˵ҲǡƳһֽۣŻϣʣմīɻӺֱīƮȻֽϡ
֣֣Ҳ̾Ȼмһ֣֪ûС
Ŷ±ʣ̧ͷҡ
Ҳ֮ʣԵ˵ȻֻǼ֣ȴͷβ֮תϲ첻ʱʽнɳƵζ
ǡл佱ܾҵЩأ̫ڱ棬ʷ治΢΢ƫ뿿ϣϧֻľȴһ¡
ֻغҪȴ˵顣ٺãϢȣסҽֳϣͷñһħľУΪĵŮдһʺ֡һͼͬΪġģΪ˽˼ʶˣī䡣
Ŷ˼˵ǰһͷҡ
ղԿ㣬µÿһʣҶҶĿû̫⣬Ǻ˵ţִʱ㽫Ҳӳǣ㣬֣֣־㡣Ҹоǰ緢湫Ҳ˸ϢЩκȡ
޵ҶЩƮƮȻˡκᾡҴԵľ硣ֳϣ̾Ұܣ;Ǿġ
֪ϲ֮鷨ֿƽֻҪϸϸƷζ֪ʵʱʽа֮֮Ǿ䣬ڵʽˣָǽϹŵǷͤ˵νκǣֻɢ㡢裬ֻҪĸԣɢмš߽࡭ԼٸӹףȱѾһְ˵ķˡ
һ֪Բޡһơ΢ۿңþˣƶһУһλԶ֪ʦ˵һ֡һͼһԸӦ˶ҪԵԵǱ޵ãҲżȻ
ȣȡҶؿԼڻʧϽɿΣʵûʸͷ㣬дñҺءˣϣָһ
Ŷ㲻Ȼָ㡣ңȡ֧ëվ󣬴Ӻסҵ֣αظأվͿԡдҰ㡣
ңôңһ㶣ͷȥı棬ŵд֡
дʼӱʣҲֻñıд֡
ᵽϵζȵϢҶ󣬿ůҵıȶ͸·һҵƤҾúܲڡ
ȴƵģҵһһд÷ǳ档ֲóȻƿֻþشǣִʣдš
ֽϵֽ񡢷񡢷
ãȷдúöˡͷҶ˵š
ôĴҵĶĸо֮һɾҵطˣˣ͵
˵ʲôû塭ͷִս˵㣬Ҳǰ˫΢գҶʱĻС
ҡ죬ȴʲôҲ˵ֻ,Ҳ̣Ӷ̣ȪȫûһůģһƬհס
һֱ㣬ǲǡǵػҵ֣ҵļϣǲǡ
ǲʲôҾţҪ˵ĻҪл㱵ط
ˡȻһйɵߵ⴫һƽ͵ӣôľ
ѹҲ˲࣬һƿѸȥ
Ạֽ̊́ţƺ¶ȽһЩ
Ҵֱƿصײںϣ̾һ̧ͷӦڣľɡ
̧ۿȥֻһüĿ˽Ӣ֮¶üĿ䣬һϮ¸ĵȲǴһĨʵǳЦ̬УɢݵϢ
Ҳ̾øӡ
ӡ֪ǷλľҲһ£˿ûһٿִٲңǿʲôߣ¶һ˿Ȼ΢ЦҪҹһˡ
תͷ˿ңЦ˵޷ľ˵
ֻ϶һ£뻹бڴˡľߴұЦʵǷСֵܰɣȻǸζɣһ˲š
ﰵȻԼľ飬ôʲô֣ŪǱ
æʩС
ض񡣡ľЦЦ˵ӣȻ˵ˣǾԹɡ
ãҲ°ɡָָϵһѳΣʾ£Ҳ֪ľкδ㣿
ⲻ֪ôľҲ˰ȽҴоȳضϣһ֮
ǡ֪ߣľҲһ˼⣬ףΪҸȥֻȴѣΪ°Щϼѡ
޵Űʹ𣬶˵Ϊ°ָôľҲλȨأ⣬Զɣ¼ɲϣɱ֮죬˵Ϊȥָֻ
ǡף֪ľк߿Ӧԣ
ӲȰٱôľüͷһ壬ȥ̽ҵʱҾѾ˵¶ľĺ󣬲ܷҳĪǴ½еò˳
ҸΪֱǷѾ࣬ǿӦ塣Ȼ˿Ӧˣ֪û¶ģµ»޷İ塣
Ծȴû廰ԼľͷһֻаǰơѾȰ˵Ԩ췴ˣֻԨڳ͢Ҿڳڣ״ӦٱڴӦûҪڣǲŽ⣬ĵĲ޵
ľ΢˫Ŀ˼״һȫ˺󻼡
кοתͷҡ
ˣڻʵͷˣʼǶ㲻װװҲûõġ
Ϊ׼Һɵش´ңѾûǷֱԣкԼˣҷΪвƼյһ졣
ľҵĻԺ۾Ŷֵܴкͺ߹һľӢ۳֣
һȻˣԱһǷô

˭16(2)

Ȼ룬Ͽɲô˵ҹװɵŶҵûָ㡣
ľһۣſ񣺡ľӾǵš
ܻʶҸΪ峼һĹҹ˼ֻΪܱЧңʷҳôĴıˣ̾һΣֻֽ̾ˣҲԸΥԳıҲǻ
㡭һ㶣ƫͷȥҲ˼ңĴ΢΢һ˿ֵЦ⡣
ҷ߷ߵתͷȻ̬װģˡ£ϻװТΪɵÿô
ľȰԹž˵Ӣۣرʿղ壬Ϊʱ
ضѴȰ˵ˣֻ峼ӣءԹֻʵۣû˵бǿʵ۵ġ̾˿ƵĿ룬װװҿװʲôʱ
ûϵһ˵ü£תͷҡ
ӭĿ⣬ηš
ǰһһĿ⣬Һ˵һСпܶҵСȥȴиֵĸоĿжҲظеİ϶˺ҡһŮ˵ֱ͵ˣСɣԸһѡ
㵱ģ񶨶ؿң˿,ָֻܿƽ
ӺʶÿνҶ·磬ѵռ˵Ϸ磬ﲻɵЩ⡣
ǶǷأҲʡ
ʵʵ۲һɿĵ飬Ϊʲô˶أΪ̰ǻʵеȨµȨ΢΢ӣ۾һգգضҡǱǰһģһҺӶһֻҶ˵ʲôµȨǾ˵ΪΪ޷졣Եų켺жԣҪȥġһξ͹ˣٲ֣ܻܿᱻеʬ޴档
飬˾ñѡ䣬÷·մȾκθ飬͸Ĺ裬һ޷ԵľС
ҽס˸ս˵ղҼǳŮ˵ֱôڵĿ־ǳ˵ıܡ
£ƺǸоҵ΢һȥеĨ⣬ǺһЦһսҵ֣Ӻܿȫסյ֡
һ£⣬־Ȼů
ҿ޵ľʧ˹ߣȷʵнڵ֮־ԹĶ,ʵµ٣֪֮£Ψе߲֮ܵǽҵ֣תͷȥľ˵ֻѧǳޱҲǮγ£
Ϊ꣬ϤطܣڣţëܵǣһۼɻʮˣȫΪáľڴʱ廰ϸµطţ򾫱ôʱأϭ£꣬ҵɳɡ
šǼҸһȦջǻصԭ㡣
ǻǲðˡľŶͷһͷʹӡ
ΪȣΪΪϡôһţҵͷԷ侲ˣ֪ϲǣβͶأ
ľ۾һ˼ǡ
λضӦ֪ʥ͵ѧʣһ㶼ͬġôеΪŰŷ⽨ƻġҿЦһ˵ʢϵˣϵ𡯣ƼôϵʦԶ·ġ
ǣҸһϲҲܽǸˡһϲֳֻܿ˭ܽ˵أ
ӺҶΪȰ˵ˣԶʺϡľվǰ˼˱ʹ˴ı޹أΣһ˵Ļ˲Żš
˴ı޹ֱʥ飬ܵõҸεˡľ˸ɫȻһתͷҡ
Ƕʲôұ˿е㷢ë
ѾҵʵѡˡЦ
Ѿҵʵѡˣһ㶣ȻָԼıʵǣ˵ĺʵѡòҰɣ
ҹ˸оϣط飬ʱͻ룬ȥ¹µѩϳۣƿȥ
ҹԣ¹ѩϣɫĹâһƬº͡
ҹֻܾܾҲѩϷġ֨֨ĽŲ
ôѩҹֻɵɵվž̫ϧˡ
ۣѩϴ̫ȭ
轣ȴѩҹȭ
ɡơȭȻչ󷽡
Ŀ̼ҵһڵʶɸҡڵ⣬ȫھˮ಻ϡ
ȭϣվȣˬĿǳ
ȻϸĽŲһתһֻ־ʹҵļ
ǺǡҰЦţԪÿһϮˡ
΢ƫַץסҼϵ֣һһĻɵؾͰˤ˳ȥ
ףСӽôˣ
Сӻ͵ϮңУҪ֪ҵҶʱģ̷ȥѹϣ׼ɹʽˤӡ
㡭ҵͷȥȴһסˣֻ۾ؿŽߵգĽüһ˫סκͫͦȻııһ޷ܵķɡ
Ǹѹµ˾Ȼ

˭17(1)

һҾĬĬؿҲԲؿңǴ˿̵κͳʱһģһ
ѩͣˡ磬ҲͣˣƺҲֹͣˡֻҲԼģһ໥ײ
Ҳ֪˶ãʶſˣŻŵҪվ
סҵһ㷴¡
˲䣬˵λõ޴صһ㡭ʶؾѹϵȴ޷֡
û͸ҵϷ˫ؿңҺܽܽҿԸоȵϢҴϡ
ҡΪԪԣҲŻᡭңҲ֪㡭ʶǵؽһҲࡣԽŨصĺӰңҵĺҲ֮ʧ򣬾ͷԶû취תˣֻӵؿڣ㡭òã
޷ұһˤˣáһ֣§סҵɫһԪԣһֱԪԴϷô
㣡ҵˣȴǱȵġղܷѹ£ھȻ˵ʲôã뵰ҺԪԳһ֣ġУԪֻǸСкȴǸ۲۵ĴˡӣͥԺʱ˾§ңǱ˿Ҷ̫ðɣ
լɭϣʱ󣬱㲻լ߶ʱǲ˾ġһ˵ţ÷Уʹ·Ҳǿġ
Ҿֻеˡ̫ˣҸû취ʹֻ̫֣ʹ̵ľƴƾӲţȴȻɽ
Ҳϵţһ§סԽԽ
أĺأҾ÷ĿҪѹˡ
ҵظܵҸ̵ȴŮ֮Ĳôôûа취ǯơ
֪ʱƵҵϣĦš
ңˣ㲻ܡҼѵ˵ţôԡ
ˣǡΪװˣ˶óŮӣʵ̫ˡЦûкᣬҲ룬˿ݰףۣɢ㣬ʣòϸµô
ҶʱȫӲͷŮˣѹһֱֵ۹̽ңѹҵ̬Ѳ⡭
ǵǳʱ龰ôЦһа㽫ҽѹ£ǸˣʱҾ֪ˣǸŮҡ
ҡҳ֪α粵
ˣ纣ֲҶǰļɢ£Ҷӡ´һǡ
ǰʪĴСҷϵϢʹӦĴ˳һ·ҵüǼ⡢ա
Ǳѩأȴǻȵָоͬʱһľء岻ϵرһıĥţҸо񶼱ˣпʼȫ
ΪʲôΪʲôΣ
˿־ģ˴ĵﺦ£ȴֽסջкȻһ֡ݡĸо·ʹҡ䡱ؼ򵥣ز⡣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪᱡңֻ֪ԲԼݵǿµ̶ȥ
ڲҲһʼĿ־徹Ȼ˵ǿҡ
ҪصͺҪ
ĴҵͣҵľѴ̾Ϣš
ûҶ˿̵ƶҼΪñٴ̼
ãңһͬվ
һ紵¶һĪضĻһֱ뿪ֻһΡ
תʰҵڵϵĳۣΪϣ̧ҵҷҹˣЩȥЪϢɡ˵գתˡ
ҵĿȥӰƮ˺ԶȵعʱֻʣһվѩҲʼɣѵղһֻһΣ
ûգԨȻʼ۲Բļס
ջƻ裬ԨӡŮܣľŵһ˵ϸ̨
ҸҲ˸̨
Ԩȹһ˵ľԹо˵˵ưɡ
ľҡͷҵĹ֮ԶӣΪ˽󡣡
ŶԨʮֲ죬´ңȻľ˵ˣǾͷ繫ˡ
ˣҾ׳ˡ󡢹ʥ֮ѧʶ֮֮׼Ҳ֣̿ʩ񣬲Ż˵ɷԫʮޡԫֱޱԫ̫ޱԫԫʣ¾Ϳ̫ƽǻް¾ͱбޱЩҡҷȡʮֶַϡķÿһֱޡʮ޻УֹµطֻҪǷޣ֪ʲôطѡǱ䣬ˮǻ֣ǳ溦ǵ𣬻ǺХɽЩࡢơࡢסɫ𡣡
ͣ£һɨȥֹԨĪľ˶һ֮ɫ
а͵Ц֮ԶΪҺϲ塷ϲй鼮Ҵ󶼶ˣбͷͼ˴ĹŴռ
벻繫ССȴ˾Ĺѧ˳˵еǡǣԨæʣʵںδ
΢΢һЦҹյıһָޱԫУһǡһ£̫֮ǣڶգǵ֮ǡ
˶ҵָȥȻһŴǣǹâȴǺҡڲ
ԨæʣΪε˶
ҹˡҴֱԣǶҡޱް˵ãֻҪˡ
Ԩ־ŭ㣬˵ʲô
ҲŲæ˵߱λôϲŰԣĺвƽ֮ۿҪˣ˶˵Ƶˣˣˡҵ׾ն¡ˮߣĪ
Ԩ죬ûڣһȻҹգֱ
һˣ̹ʩ񣺡ϲˣ
ϲӺԨһ
뿴һָ˸æȥ
ֻҹյǵ־òϨƣƣҫҹա
ʳƣ״֮װŪ趫磬ԻҲˣڽУ֮ȴڲξ֮䣬һӱǳ̫ԭһԨǲڡԨеġǱ䣬һ棬ؽһɳ죬ĺԾ
Ԩ
Ѿʱ˺ͣȻСڣӾٱǸ֮ƽܿγɣ·ѣصĩ֮ޡľƽԣֻʱ˲ʧȥƽµʱ°Ҫս֪֮࣬²ſԼͳһľ档
Ԩһ̾ҺεºܣܹǴ󱦳ƻʵۣ
ƫͷһۣҵѾɣͿǵˡ
һЦǰ˵̫ԭǿ׳뺷̫ԭܼ죬Ȩھ⡣һ壬һķʿضӵ˵ǮӯӶʢʳոжзػȫ
ҲӿڵҼ㲻ʮָ󣬵ǮõóģԣǮƷ治Ϊǡ
ֻҪ̫ԭΪֱУ˳ɺ£֮ҵ͡Ͳһһϵ޷죬£Ҹʵǰȷ棬岻ݴǣ
⡭Ԩտڲ
˵߸կħĻħҧ𣿡˫üһ˹ȥǸ鷸Ƶо֮ͽܳƻʳƵۣĪǵ𣿡
һˣõǼ
Ԩ᲻оԨȻŭʮ˼ҷں֮ڣǻ壬ոɽӦȥ
Цô²˳٣վ벮Ѹ£ǵƵۡ
һʹɫᣬˢˢ򵹣ҵףʣ꣬꣬꣡
ԨһʼϻЩţͿʼƮƺѾƼˣܿ˵Ĺ֮
˶ȥˣһվڸ̨ϣֻвȡȥҹĻڣĺɫеĽһƬ
֮ǰǳƽƽȴëȻ
֪ʲôʱҲҲվţû˵һ仰ֻǽҵ֡
ܸоһƵļǼԵе˷֮顣
תͷˣڲõĽסµĵ֪һƼʻĴʱˡ
ļգæ飬ѾˡҲֵУպԪŪȭдա
һһԪԴȥ׼ּ
ԪԴæһͷԾ÷С
СӣģҲɵһԭΪԪֻ󣬵ѸݣĲңȻߵһֲûһǾʹġ
Ҳˢˢˢֱ˹ȥ
Ԫ÷Ľ
֪һҵĽ־Իᱻɳȥұзǳ죬ǲ
ʱԪһƵҵ
Ѿתˣƾожϳƶķ,ĿӾͽһȥһϴʮ㴿̫
ԪٿͣסΣһץһץס
Ҳضᣬֻš
ֻԪԴһ֣
Ҷʱ÷·ǧڴԼὣüҪҵֱۣҲץסˣֻ֡ȻˣһǱǹɾ˳ȥصˤڵϡ
û°ɣԪһϽܹңңҲǹģҸղһ
ģû¡Ұո첲ãûѾʣղŽʲô
û¾ͺáԪһ㶣ҸղţҸղŽѽ
ҵ㲻ֱӽеġҰһ壬ͱСҪ磬֪֪
ΪʲôܽأԪԲˣҾýȽ˳ڡ
򡣡Сӣ㼸ꣿ
ʵػش𣺡ʮꡣ
޿κε̾:ҿʮˣͣұӦýҸ硣
ʮꣿŲ񰡡ԪҡҡͷҴ硢ʮ߰ʱͺܸߴˣСòһһƯôҲ󡣡ܾô˵е㲻ף̧ͷһۣҲû˵ˡ
ұôһ˵һ˳˼
ʱѾһˣȻҲ˼ף˵ı׼һ̫̫ˣûȷʵױʶŮȻûг߶٣ҵŮȴԽԽԡʱƽƽֱӴϳҲ˿زȴʼˣֻòزƽżеʹʱҵЩΪŮĲ㣬ǿ׿Աز
ѹ׾ͿҵŮԭԪԶҲˣ˰ȷʵʧܡ
ԪԿ̾æתƻ⣺ˣղ˵ʮ꣬ǲǿ쵽ˣ
˵նũİɣڴţǰҵǼʮ
ǲϾҪˣʮԪԺȻôôأ
ҵǺͿˣ˵ʲôɣ
ҶҲǼʮأԪһĴȣҶ꣬Ȼͬ꣬ȴͬͬճġ
ɣȻôɣ
ֹ˼գԪԼҵĺɽ档

˭18(2)

ҵ˴ҲûӰͷˣȻ˻
һͷһԪǣһƥվֻëɫסڣʮ񿥡
ϲôԪϲ̵ң
ϲҲɵÿˣȥȴȻ˻һ̧ǰ㣬ҿ
ҷԪԿ˴ŭȭͷҪ
ҪҪҸæֹԪԵôһ򣬲Ҳòзϣԡ
شӺ濿ץסëһ㡰ᡱشܵϡ
һǰȣ͵źȣХһӶֱ
ҽץסë˫ȼнɻûƽãǰѸŵأֻһߣұ߸ҿץΣû˦ɳȥ
ããԪΪֽкã
ȴпԼ֪ߡжǡķٳǰߡšڡһΣȫѣֻҡڣƵöᣬڱвҶ֡
Ҫ£㣡Ԫڿе㲻æӳæһޣҰ˵գͷǺݺһȭ
ֻƺһҾ˴˳ȥ
һˣҪһҪɱҰˤҲñѹ
Ҹæ֣һţʱ˦ȥٶȴһûǱ׵˰С
ʯ䣬иӰշ, һ΢΢ʹ,ұ׾ٵĻ
ֱ۽ʵȵؽסҡĻ˵ů˵ؿ㣬ҸеĪİ
лл㡭ζΧңҲ̧ͷҲ֪ҶĻѾİˣ˵ЩϤ
Ҳ̧ͷֻŤͷȥһˤڵϣ°ĭӵ˼¾Ҳˡ
ԪԣϼҶ˵׷ǣ˳ִŴҴҸǳȻں֣ѱô
ң͸˭֪Ȼ񡣡Ԫµ˵ţѱˤһżŴһ¡
˿ңֿ˿Ԫԣҡͷ̾ϢԪԣֻ֪һȭܰˣ
ֻһȭˡԪ˵Żֱͦͦţ
ЦԷǣˣ㻹˵û
ԪԿһˣҲɵˣô죿Ҹôˡ
ԪԱţҿĻǰȥӣƤЦЦûֻιȥˡ
ԪһԴ߶ţѣҲ㣬ٴˡһҪ͸أѰ
ÿɰԪԣ̲סЦԪԣǸأ
Ҳ̿ƫͷңҿҲǸӣһ֡
ҡҧҧȴ֪ôԴӱҵŮǰԽԽ׾ˡ
Ȼû£Ǿհɡڰ֣Ȳ˵ˣǰϣȥ
ʲôֱӿ߾СԪ˵ţץסȣƥٹͷڼϣ粽سɽȥ
Ҳò̾¾µˣ治ĵһúתԪɽȥ
סңһҷжҪ㡣
͸㡣һеݸҡ
͸ңɻش򿪽Уֻ˶ذڷһöӡ¡
ϸţֻӡ¡硢࣬Ȼǳƣһ㱡ĺӡ¶,Сףνӡ󷽣С֡
ϲôʵ
ϲĺϲ˵ţţȻ֪ҪĶСҾϣһöԼֻ֡Լӡ£ȴһֱûҵġУһöССӡں˵̡鷨һղеķС
ԡȡӡ̨ҽӡ°ӡ̨ϣȻֽһǣ־ԾȻֽϡ
ּϤҳ֣Ȼһ֣ͷ˵ּ
ǣҿ̵ġһЦҵղã̵Щֲڡ
պܺأ̵ӡ·Σõ,پתסöӡ棬νһֲϷһʲ鶯
ǡǲ֮ʡ߽һң͸û뵽ǾȻͬһһ˾ϲɺء
ңû׼Ҿе㲻˼ҲҸ졭
ˣǰЩҴȡ顮ʯ͵ҵɡǰ¶ȡǿʯԭһ顮ʯ͸㣬ϧѰ˺ܾҲûҵֻʱǿ鼦Ѫʯ档
ǣҾͶлˡǿʯţ֪ôģҾúܿģֲ֪˵ЩʲôҲҿֻܵͷ֡
ţʲôôһѪۣ
̲סʣôˣ
赭дؽͣ˵ǹ˲ϡ棬׭ʱȴСˡ
˿ڻͦءҾеھΣ̲סִϸϸţƳ¶һİ̺ۡ
̺ۡҽߣǵ̺ۺֱܳϱۣѵǸʱΪ˾ҡ
һǳʱ龰˳ֵǰǵֱۣٻҵ֡
ǰӦҲͬ˺۰ɣҵ̸֣ӣȻһϸϸİ̺ۡ
˺۲һ𣬾ȻǸΡ
Ǻ۳ΪԶļǺţȴҲԶҵ
Ȼһµĸоһ¶Ҫ˾һˡ
ϲŭ֣һ֮䣬ԵֻҲˣֻһһ˺۵ľ
ǵͬһ죬Ȼ˺۶ͬһһЦݳᴥҵա
Ҳ֪δ𻰣Ц֣ʹ硣
Ŀ⣬ƺܴƿǰһȻսɱ񣬴˿̣ҸԸֻһˡ
ָţһȵҵߣƺһɢȥ
ָƵҵľϣͬʱҲҵ
һ̣ѱĻУζҵıǼ䡣
ػţƻƵૣ˵ͳ
һţԻţܾȴûа
ſҡΪԼг˵Ļȴ
ΪһôҶ˵ţһ̣Ѱѹ֮ϡ
ΪʲôһֱңͷһƫҵĶ
ΪʲôҵӲţûȥֻܱͷҪܿĴ
ôĴҵĶҵĲϣô
ԣ¡ҧڳϣ㣬ĺ¡Ӳøһ޷ֹĲԼҲ޷ףֲΪʲôҾͺ¿۾˸۲̽ѯ۵Ĩʼ޷ĨȥѪȡԶȴ鲻Խ뿿
ôһҡҲءһ䣬ڶ˵ڶԼ˵ûͣȻҵĲշת˱š
忪ʼЩƮƮȻǼŵȫϢִζרϢѾֲʲôǶԵģʲôǴģ˼һƬңҷ·𶼿òԼˡ
磬ôȻԪԵĽ²ˣ

˭19(1)

ǡ֪̾Цӣ΢̧ͷֻѾɢĳУظҰյӣҺܱǸ
ţһ˵ʲô
ڷӶУԭʹ㺦¡Ѿָƽ§סҵҺܱǸʹô¡ҴӦ㣬Ը⣬Ҳǿ㡣
ҡҸеֹҵӣҵڲңʮůģһ̲סȫûһֻ̱¡
¡һҵķڴĥţҪҡ
ҡһ˵ƽдЦءεңҺܰġ
磡ڲڣԪԵĽԽԽװûУ쿪ţˣ
ǡٲţŻᱻСӲˡЦţǰȥš
һԪԾͳ˽磬ղոյˣȥʥּҸϽ㣡
һ𣬻ͷһۣղʱʥּһʲô¡
ߣ̴ȥתȥ
ҸϽͷƽһ·Ҳȥˡ
ԪȥǲһЩʿٶҪ죬ҪţԺɫ¡Ҫߵظ´ʱȻתͷ˵УȥԸ˱Ʋˣһõϡ
һ㶣ǲʿҿ⣬ǱϯʲôȻЩɻ󣬵Ҳûʣֻ˵ͷԪԸϽȥˡ
ҺԪæ꣬´ȥʱղÿʼּͣԨּ
Ԩ̹򵹽ֻּղƹ̫ԭԨ̫ʹظ߾ſͻʲҰ֮ܶͨӣֽʹ߾ž͵ԨѺв졣մˣ
һæл룬ԨɽפҪǱͻʡҲսͻֵսдǴʤ̣ɸظ߾ź̫ʹǰȥӭսȴΪ˵ս۽ܶ飬쾵ԭͶԨ˴ץ˰ѱ֮졣
һڱ£Ԩһʥּʧɫֻ÷⡭Ҫݺң
ղԭ˵ģԨ磬һˣҽԨ£
ղļʿʱ彫뽫Ԩϡ
һϺȣͦ
ղһ㶣´ʵǺˣղ£
һ֣ңԨǼҸ
ղһԨĶӣǲ񣺡ԭﳼ֮ӣʲôҪ˵
񲻱ؿڣŵʥּʥּвδԼҸֻ˵֮ͨӡȻˣֻĪУҸͲܳΪﳼղҲﳼ֮󸿼ҸҴ²ȷ֤ݣƾһսʧ˵ҸͨУȻԷڡ
ղһɣ̬ȷǳ᣺ղگ֣Ƿּ£ȴĪҪּɣ
ȻҿּҸδͨУɷͷɶϡѪȴݼ̤ԾƲᱳһǰΪԼ磬ϴؽţ޼ղԶͶ٣ڴϢҸظϸĽԻ
ղüë¶˶Ҳڵ½˰󸿣һߣҪʧְ
˫ָ󣺡ˣ´ҲֻѡˣߣԽҰ󸿣Ϊʡ
ղˣʥּҪõԨˣкã
һü֮أ
ղһڣҴ˿̱ҪԨѺᣬվѺϽ
ɣնػشȻѾ˼ޣҪǿѺ߼Ҹʲôط̫ԭңƾˣΪߵóȥô
ղҲһ㾹Ȼв٣Ī췴ˣٽԨߣҿ˭
Ǽһӵϣ׼׽Ԩ
ҿ˭ һֻ̧֣ˢһԽڻȻֱָղʺ
һѸײڶҷ緶£ߣȴֲݿܵϡ
񣬲çײһԵԨæ
ͷ˵ζߣ
ղǸJǹͷƽˣûƣŵˣƵ˵㣬
һʹɫᣬһ֣ʿ̳˽νᵶΧһȦƽţһ
λҪҶֱղǲ˴ˣֻǵۣ˼УҪΪǡ
ղǼһƣ֪Ҳٳǿ̶˱ģ
ɫؽڣղղŵֱ£ɫס
Σǵѣе˲Ҫ֡ȻֲղЦˣƣΪղѹϴ
㡭ղŵòУһ仰˵
Ҹǰʧ棬ͨȴһǼ٣ڱǰԣȼҸ˽˽һȥô˿Ϊѡʩ񣬡Զ糾ͣͺúЪϢգϢҲԾ֮ꡣ
ղһסˣֻվţһ
ˣƫþƲˣƼһۣǼλʿҲһϯ߳Ա̸һ̧֣˸ƣǶ˵һ˵Ϸ飬̸һ̸ء
ûϵƱ仯֮죬ղʱЩЦãﻹ˵ֻ֣õͷӦ
ԨʱҲղȥƫˡ
߹Ҷһȥߣʱȥ㡣
ʱ֣һһɫۣͭųȻԪԵĽҴȥ棡
ôһ£𳤷ȥţСôˣ
Ԫüɫ˵ţգȥм䣬һ˴ڷѽ
ҿСԼ̰ȥɣִͷ
ӴˣԪͷװģ㵽ҪҪҳȥأ
ЩΪѣţҪȥѾԼˡ
Ԫҵ־ȥҶ磿ǲҪǿһȥ
һȥͳ̧ͷȥű߶ңһϮɫ۳ϦůůĹԣԼ͸һ˿Ϣûٽ硣
һֱΪֻĿγ˲ܴ˳ȾİֻİףĴ޷󼰡µġ
óӰɫϲİɫǴѩİףɫһİףǰɫ֮İףӵеǳ֮֮İס
˫գҲգؿһȻе̣æͷȥŶԪ˵Ҫһȥм
ҲҪȥüԪԣһȥҪǡ
ᣬᣬұ֤ᣡԪһңһգŴ۾磬һȥɡ
ãһȥ̲סСתͷ񣬡˶˵ǲǣӣ
̾һ׵ҲգǾһȥɡ
˲̤ţͼľҴҸǣһ㶣ôҪţ
ЦŻش𣺡ǰȥмߣľ£
ľͦż˵˹Ǳٳ£ӾȻ˼棿
ľл߱˵ɡһЦ̧ȥѽղһ˰׵þƺòźţضסǺüգ̫ԭؽ磬ͼʮӲʲôģ죬ľɷġ
ľͷҲֻǻ֮ƣϵһʱϲһʮպĪǶҪ˱Ѻƾǻڲô
ȻüҸգֻʱԣһҵǡߵֿȣáĵ˶ںӶִ£»ۼȫҡ
ľŻȻ򣺡֮ľˡǶǷжԲߣ
ŸļˣٸŽҸǩᣬѲ֮ȥˡƵЦţסǲټգĵܡһ̴죬ٱ
ľ̾ԭгľˡ
г˵ϣֻաᵯָƲԾ¶ᣬʱ²꣬ϣľԶָ㡣
ҲԲһĬĬţȴ˺ܶࡣദԽþԽ˽һŵȴߵƺ޷ĮӵİֶΣ¹, Ӧԣ²֮硭
ȻһϮģ֪ʲôʱߵԣʵôˣ
ûûСҷܵ˵ţ̧һԭѾмˡ
ǿˣмϺ֣ƻͨѽֵͺӰյ硣·˳·ߵϰӻˮ,СĽҿ˽Ƿҹ
ǰһĻҲţ֪Ҹһɧ᲻ͻȻһľš
Ʋ֣ʲôڽֵǰУм˳ӿңǿȥüǶЩɢʹקߣԽӵ˾һƴɱߵһ΢ĵط
ѽмôһˡҴĴţˣԪԺأ
ģҷԸľζҪԪԣӦò¡ҵֲִ֣ڿָ޳ůҸطºȲˡ
ҲáЩˣ̵ͷӦ·ߵһȥͻȻиϵסǣˣɣǰԵ춨ӲߵץҲץס
һͷһԭ·һϹͷԭֶһҲţĪʱգɵöħֻءҲЩȤȻԼ֪δȥҡˡָһҲá
ãǾ鷳һɡҴ¶ͳһУ
ͷԼʮ꣬ľ㲣һ˫Ұ۾ƿƺϣư룬ҲЩɷǵģ
ǡˣг⡣ϹӺȻЦһ£ԣ뿪˵˶ǮȴȸǮ˶۸ͷӣȴңǽһóѹ׵ıú㡣
ǣˣȰˡҺȻһվ񣬽ϡ
áͷҲ֣˼£֣ظ˺üΡ
޿κεػͷһۣҲûؾصͷš
ͷԽɫԽأʵλӣǼʮô
ǰɫһ䣬ƺǳһԴӦ
Ͷˣʮ˶ܳɾһҵӵǹ󲻿ԡͷǽ̧ͷһܵĶѹֻ˵Ϲͷ㣬ӽضܵϾ֮λ˾
˴ʧɫϹͷ֪ſڿӡţȷʵۣȻ˵ˡ
˼˵ЦˡһָܿƽڣǶлˡ
ǡҲˡҰֵݸͷô׼˵Ҳҵȥҵؼҵ·
㡭ͷҵ֣Ȼ㡭
˼ңôˣʲôôҾЩЦʵҲǼʮûлҲΪأ
ҲǼʮȴ֮ˣǵ֮࣬ǡͷҡҡͷ˶˵ǣ׵ȴضܵϾ֮λ
ǰӲʯųǽһʯ··ϱĻѩǰ˲ȵϡã׵ġڵġҵģЩĿԭÿͨеĽ汻һзֳߣŵҶӣһ֦ҡš
Ī衣񻷷Գг࡭ȥΣбڣϳţվ÷£¡֦ͷ÷ȴȻţһϮˡ
ƲôһͷȥӶںڰУ΢ĹӳŸֽ
ûƲ̧֡ͷһ÷
ôֽ˸Ӹңȳ԰ɡ
ôһ˵еˣҽӹҧ˼ڡ
Ҽŵĳ࣬Цʣܽ⣿
ʲôһ㶣һ̾׹ǣǸͷĻȷʵҸо
ΪʲôأͷңŮ˲ô
ãزáҿİӣȻûʳߵŮˣмܹʼգЩŮ˴󶼱ǴݲеѾŮˣеŮǣǵþһҶҵʷ
ôô˶ٲֿ˾䣬ϵŮ˲ϣԼķ֮֮ô
֮ƨ£ҪϲؤǻʵۣҶϲкݡܻΪһ̸ңҪԼҪԼҪĶǰϣĳϡҰ볰˵Ӣ۱ɫӢۣûвɫģ˵ˡк󹬼ǧܽȫмһŮϣʲô겻ĸˣûһŮܵõһר衣 ҳ̾һִ÷ϣΪŮˣͱҪ̵߱ҪԶ֪įŷĵŮ˻ǺģܻᱻׯТݵȵţ٣˶ˣҪЩʲôã
˵ҪԼҲѧҵӽִ÷ϣҪʲôΪ˵ŮˣҪʲôܸ㡣
Ҳ뵱ʵۣأҰƣȨҺ̰ĵġŷӰȡ֮еҪ˶ٻ²ߣŮˣɵÿԡҳԳԵЦŮʲôץסģ޷ǾòᡣԹźնౡɫˣɫ˥򰮳ڣǧŲ׼˵ˣⲻɫǾԹġ
ҼŮġӣؿҡ
ǡŮ˿϶ᳬʮذοˣҺ֪֮ġ̲סЦ֮ʱҸŮһĸ־ߣһֻƾòֱϡɻڴܾ⣬òಢܣһԸ޷ﵽͻŤ̬øвʡѻĽҵˣֹһ˵ãǾǲҲҲҡҲ̶ãԸԼͨһ㡣
˼ѵáɲѡġ޳ָỮҵüۣüޡĿΡǳǳʤѩ쵤ϻŮװһ˰ݵȹ¡

˭20(2)

ŻȫƤҪˣܲ˵Ż״˵λ磬ȷԼûۼôȻܰѼСӿС
ǡҲЦû뵽ҵһοŮò³
ʱϵɢȥһЩûôӵˣȻмˣȥ̫ϧˣǻ߿ɡ
áͷȺš
ֱǶѹѹؼһ, 룬Һؼȥһԭڱ
һͷߣһͷһϸ統ӣϻֻȸһģпȸ۾ģǾнˡ
Ҿȥ԰껪׹ҪȤˣͽζؼ￴
ҸˣҲɨҵˣֻĬĬվҿš
˻ͦ࣬ҶǰѹǲҪˡЩˣʮа˾һֻȸҲ䲻еģежûУŪó˶˶顣
ûʲôͷˡҽȤ۾һƳŽƷ̨ϰŰذףϿоĻƣͦ£ɵƫͷ࿴˼ۡ
ҪôȻ˾䡣
ҡһûüشѾȥ̯ʵֻҪпȸ۾ܵõǰذô
̯þ۹´񣺡ذͷͬʱֻȸֻ۾ܵõ
ⲻǿֻ˲Χ۵˶һ
ȴ໰һЦ˿̯ת˹ȡ֧ߵ⡣
ҿһгӣҲͲˡ˵䣬ҵҪʶһ¡
ָ΢˵ң۲գ׼Ķܱ׼ƣһ֪ӣֻһɣҶȥһֻȸۡ
Ⱥ̱һƬȲ
΢΢һЦٴ˹죬ųڶŹٷļһһ
ֻ⡱ʣ֧鷢ֱһֻȸۡ
ȺٴαĺȲ
㡣첽߻ߣǰذ׷
ллǰذףֻڹ⻬ƽ⣬ȻǷ쳣Ұֵذ˺һŰյѥȥ
£кȻһߵԱߵ黭̯ǰҿɲռˣ˵ˣҲҲҪһ
ŶЦؿң
һ֪ˡһָϹŵңʵʣôܵõǸأ
Żˡ̯Ц˵ŻҪͬʱ
Ҳ˵ҪͬĻˣü
üҵ֣Ҫ
ãһ˫ôǰҲԹģ˵ѧʮĻѲҵġһӣӹëʣպЩī֭һ˼һһӺ
ǻҵľεۣڱʼⱼڡԾīɫǳ䣬аһ¶ƮȻֽϡ
ˡһ±ʡ
ããúã̯кãһ֧ʻ÷Ĳҵɫ㲸ɿݡһ֧ʻ÷󺬴ȻǻȻɣ鶯֮תժǸҵݸңӣҹˡ
лҵл˹ͷϸúܾɣߣ°׺ɫ˿߱ɵգͷϵһεϸܵţгɫԵþ¸š
ţһŵ㣬ܺţҰݸ񣺡͸ˡ
ϸܣԡ巨 ֯幦õϺõĺ˽ȷʵϡ˿Ҳյǰ£Ц˵ǽͱƣ˵ԭ·ľϡ
ϲͺˣذףңҲƽˡҿϲҲ̹ȻˣҲŮߣԾӮһҲһ
ҷ˵ࣺҷſִʡʣһǳɣûʮĿ衣
ǵȻˣûÿӵʱҾͿʼûˡҲǫ飬˳Ÿ˵д֣ǱȲ㣬˵ͼȴһʤ㡣
ǡЦˣֵݸңҴϡ
ϣҴһ£ֽ˹ҪڲϻҪأ
һ£ǹϺˡǲ֪ǺԵʣ˺üζϵȥе㼱ˣιⶫҪôŪ
ȻЦˣ֪ôʵķȫŮϡ
ţʲô㶣һ׹˵ŴŮϲ飬İɣҲһ죬
Ҳ죬ǶؿңеЦԽԽŨ
㿴ʲôѽұĻҡ٣ʱǸϵˣŭصһۣתߣһֻȴקס˼£ȴ֡
㡭Ҵȴ֪˵ʲôأеЦʧĿרעңһĸӰӰ
ȻվڽֽǵĴ£ע⣬վǹϣ͵ػ񣬻Żŵؿڣ𣬱ڴϰ
еЦֻˣƿĿ⣬ȴûзſҵ֣ǣǰȥ
ʱһΧŵǽȴȻһС
ȥô¡̰ѸղŵζԺ󣬷֣첽ǰ뿴
ҷȺ˽ȥֻһֻͭ󶦣Ӧкüٽء
иվ˵а˰ٽأλٶн
˻䣬һ۵ıδȥˣԣ˼£˺üһ׿ʽһؾͰѶϾͶվסˣˡһ죬˵ϣҲһƨȥǵͨ죬ġ
Ⱥ̴ЦǴȻϹҲסҲֵֻˡ
кüȥһԣʹ̵ľ첱Ӵֵģϧûһ˾ٵ
ұ߿ҡͷԪһٵ
ʱһɫ۵ĺߵ˳룬ҶһɲԪô
ҴЦ˵ǡ˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵ƣԪⲻˣ
ֻЦȴûӦҡ
˿˿ԪԣһЦˣӣҲٶģ
ûԪԵͷ
˺ȰɲСϷŪû˵ģ㻹ǸϿؼȥɡ
壬۾úÿŰɡԪҲúϻߵǸǰץסһ㣬һֱһѴ֮Ǹ˰ٽĴ󶦾ͱ߸߾ٹͷ
ŴˣһãСӢ
ããΧ۵Ҳסعƽкá
Ԫ԰Ѵ󶦻Żԭֻ죬Ϣȡ˲޵СӢҲ˵գùһݸԪԡ
ҲҪҾٶġԪ԰˰֣תߡ
⡭˶ʱޱȣֽڰУҲǣҲǡ
ԪԣҽһæȥԪ˵Ȼ˶Ӧǿ塣
ԭҺҡԪԿǣ۾ֽӹǿȻãⶫ͸ˡ
⡭һ㵣ͷȥֻ徧Ө͸ϸܣӨκ覴ã⻬ı͸͵ɫΣͷˮƵģǳƯǿѵõĺ
һΪѣҵļ磺ԪԼȻ˵Ҫ㣬Ҳһ⡣ǶǶҲûô°ɡ
ŰɣŰɣŻܺÿġԪҲ͵
Ǻáʼ磬ȴ֮ȥҲ̫ѿˣҽŽ¶Ȼ۾һףǲô
̧ۿȥֻľ飬ȺţҲǣӣ幫ӣ繫ӣȥľҡ
̫࣬ɢˡָľϵЦʵľҲջЩǣ
ľЦŻش𣺡ڽֽǿ˲գһʱҲȥո֣ȴʮԾ͵顣
ǡǴ˴γ׬òհ̲סЦ㲻ѹ֬ѽ
ǡеãѹ֬ࡣľЦŻش̧ͷ죬ʱ磬λȤȥһô


˭ 

˭21(1)

ѩҫۣҹɫ䣬һƬš
ͤʮؽ࣬еС¯žƣΧ¯
ƣС¯Ҳڡ
ͤѩ̾˵ѩʱϲŰֽɡСë¿ȥ̤ѩѰ÷ȻҸĵ÷ѩ뷽̸̸꺮Ļ⣬ϻиС¯ཹѩˮ裬һСƣ˾һ˵ã
ȷʵţֻ̾ǸӹšľҲ̾ˣ繫ӷ꺮ѣǼλҲΪӦԡ
һˣ˵ĵȤ֪˭ɣ˭˭÷أ
ľ˾ƺļ̬࣬ͦΣȻǶˡ
ЦŽӲ磺šࡢġڣȻָˡ
תͷң÷ˡɫ㡢ϾѣЦϺŭţȷǣʺ
ˣִ֪磬ϲҿˡ֪ΪĻΪ֮ҵ
һԵԪԿʱֿˣǶпԶӦĻݣأ
ҴȤѽ·ߵĹβͲݡ
˶Ц
ȻO@һͷ˾䣺˭
̧ȥֻһͷСؤǽǵĲݶǡ
ӣ£ҾһӾˣվ֣Ҫ¡
ǺӶ߹࣬ݲݰĺڷɢţϴһõްһȱ˿ڵ룬ŰѾùͷһ˫˸սÿ־Ĵ۾ǡ
£Ҳ˺㡣ҰӺƽӣΪʲôֻһˣļأ
Ǻɬѿ촽Һ͵ӱѹǵ·Ⱦ˿µĲûˣֻʣҺǰЩҲˣúأֻá
ֻѪӿµûţɵսȭͷУ˶İȫ˭һСأ
ʹʱҲӭҵָҾֻһ·ֶգһ潼һȥЦȥп̸Ц
ҵСÿЦҾͬһСˮ,ʱĺɼԼģȴ֪˭
㡣ҰеӶ˳ֻôˣϽЩ򣬸￴
ллС磡ллǺӽӣߵ˸ͷͰˡ
ԭλ̧һƳǶңɳ̾һȻԳӢۣ׳ȴٸĺֵսͥɢҪΪһʵ̫ˡ
ǰ´ңеܣ̣սˮ֮У־֮ʿӦ£ܶƺ֪ѹʲôҵ֣Ҷߵ˵׺Ӣ۱ɫȻţгһĵ˾֮λ̫ܿƽʢˮ֮С
ҵͷ֪
ӣо׻˵ΪǿľҲ̾һĿǰΣֻҪ˵ļҾһӦִֻС
¼֮ӳ顣΢̵ľƱϲܿͻɳڶλղ̫ԭּʹ
ľһھƣŶ繫Ϊдһ˵
ΪԨӾٱҪڴҵʮʱֻǴҵʮʮ£Ҫٹ̲ŴԨһ¡
ΪʱΣգɱˣȵͻʴԭʱһҲֿ⻼ܵУ´ø졣ҶƱůţ룬Ȩһ֮һּ˵ġ
ţ˵ƱһںȸˣȻݻҸ߻ҵˡ͸߾ţǶţ跨˳ȥ»
˵Ҳð졣ľ΢΢һЦǽأֻߡҸͨͻϮߵ˳ؽ˴󻼡
ȻǺüơҲЦˡ
ȴЦֻ赭дôûˡ
ֵ̧һƣ㷽˵ʱ㿴ʱʱ
Ⱥ۷׷ӵһͼı£Сʮ·ʮ·̳ڿЩûн߾ȫȥѹ෴ڹŵľٱȴʮֺ¡ҽƱּ仺ţ˵̫ԭľ򣬿һ䣬Ʊػļ𶯣Ĵǲ⡣
΢΢̧һԪȫǵĻϽһЦ֣ҲˣȻͿͤ
繫ӵĻֻ˵һ룬ʱȫľǵͷҡͷµսܡ쵼߸ھѹĽ̹أأһٻ޽ӴľãѾܵвǴʱٱϾ˼ǡ
ʱǲǵıҹʮϣɵ̫ԭؾܹˣ⣬ҪѻʯĿתͤ⣬ԣǻҪȣܽƼˣǵȳ͢ıԽ֮ʱ飬óûȡ
֮ľɷûȻһΪ˳£ַʱǡض°빦ʱ±룬ʧܡ
ʱִңߺ֮࣬ôͶһֺһӮȴֻһңʤΪ߿ܣɰڴһ١âһ֣Ʊ˵ԤףǴ¿ɳɣľɣ
ɣľ󣬺ܸɴһںȸˡ
ҡ˵һκȾƵĲʹҿɲҺˣֻľƱ㶡
繫ӲδҲ̫ɨ˰ɣľЦЦ繫ᣬҲпԭ
ҺȣˣҲ˭ҲܲҺȾƣôţһӣһڡ
ȿȡƺһҾͱǺԡ
ȾƾͲҪȣѽҵıΣоЩû
ҾͷеΣǰľʼҡţ㣬˵ʲô
ľȷʵˣȻֻһˡ޿κεЦţͷľ˵ľȰԪͻȥչˡ
áľԪԣȥ
ôˣվǰкüӰ񽻴صţʹȫ޷
ɵѾͷˣҷȥסҵؿϣȻͤȥ
ңҲûأҸоҵǻѵģֻͷ̫ˣ˫ûʲôļŬԼˤţŶ÷ζ̧ͷһļ÷׺֦ͷϣ翣ƬƬѩɢ뱱֮С
ĻζҴţҪ÷ܳҴ߾ͺˣ͸ɴ͵ҵߡҪɴͷϺˣҾһ϶ŵζ
ֱۣҡҰڵѩתţȻһģʧȥģֱֱǰȥ
ģ񾪺һ§סҵҵıű˺ѩصܽӴ
лл§Ĳſϣ΢۾ָоļܿܰȫ
㻹ôҵȶȣᴥұƤ
ѩУϮˣ۾ŽߵȻ©˼ģҴ֪ԭһҲɢ˵ɵϢߣֻҪٿһ㣬ҾͿԱζȫΧجУһ֣˿ֻ̣ظſİȴϤر˫Һϲ۾
֪Լʲôôͷøˣ˫Ȧңǵľ쳣ؽҵǣ촽ֻҪٵһЩͿҵĴ
Һϲ۾ƯʱֺΪǻᱻҾԼһҲ뱻˫µ۾׽ס롭Ҿ̣ͷΣǻȴúܶ࣬־ƺͲ֪룬ҿĵһҾͺ뿴۾ȴָҿ,ǻ˳ġһ׹룬޷Ļˡ
ҵ۾ôôЦңϢҵϣеȴѣκԻ󣬡ҵĵһΣ˵Ǵô
ǣǸǴΣǷ￴㡭ҡҡͷĺҵĴߣ̺̣ɲǵǷ۾óð
˵ķȻס˫ۺȻսۣһ￴ң
šʶصͷ֪ΪʲôҲ
ԼһǰɣһֵΣұһ˵ţϵԽԽǵһʹĸоߣվһŮӣָҵ֣һֱ޷ǡ
ɲҪ˵ǸŮӾң̲סЦôأ
ǵҺ˵λԶʦô§ң˵˵һҪĶȴֻܵõһҾǸڻΡ
ʲôϵѽҾӺ̣ȫƺҪˣƿֽرңҲңҸͶˡҺôأôңôҰҾԼͿҪϢѹȸˡ
ػҵ޵ڴȴҲǷԶ޷Ѫȡ
һӹѩ뻨Ĳӳ·ֻһ˲գۣͻʹеʾ
ĴӡҵǣûЦͷΣҾÿ촭ˡºȻһǰһ󷢺ڣҾʲô֪ˡ
һ΢ЩѣоԼطڴϣƺһֻСĵҵѥӣ⿪ĴӣҵĳۣΪҸϱӡ
˯ôڴߣһ˵Ҷơ
ش硭ˣҵʶǺģоصﵱһǶӣڴ߿ȴÿζסſ˯ˣȻشϣԲ˯ˣûе㡭
ֶ˶٣Ȼǯסҵ˫, ˴Ӵץһ˲Ҿͱѹһ϶á
㡭ۣУһ˫Ʈӡ
أش硭ʲôץҺʹɫ۾˰ɣͷΣһ˻ԴҪ˯ˡ
㿴ˣҲ䣬˫۽ұýģ·ҪҵıŪƵġ
šӣôͻʹ˶ݵѣҿˣǰ񣬲ʹ̫ˣҺʹҷҪѿȴԼȻһûУӣ֣Һʹ
ҪҶӣҵ֡Էҵ֡
֣ѣٴϮҵԴֿʼˣ񣿡гںȴ̲סЦˣҪ̫ˡ
飿ɻüضңش磬ȴܽһ񣿡
Ҫ̫ˡҡҡͷܾýǼǵ飬ңĲ̫
㵱治ϣٶ𣬷ϵ͵սʡؿȻһǿʹ裬ҾҪˡ
񣡲Ҫʶģȴʹ࣬ھʹнгҪ񡭡
̾һϵľһɣؽҷŻشϡ
šͷһͷϯв鶼Ҷ˾⣬ֻ뱧ͷú˯һ
ۿҪ׹ˣȴֻҷȵơ
һۿȥ˫ҡ
ϣһֻ§ҵһֻֻϣҼձߵҷָᴥȶеƤһ˵о
ĦҵĴʱҷԵؽͷڣ˷
ҪʶؽȥӳĻֱȦסҵ˻ȥұ§ڻС
£Ҳʲô㰲˯ɡʶҵһӵᣬᣬ·˺ܶϧ۰
õı֤ҵ־Ҳ޷֧ţǰĵغۣèһmı
ȵĴӡҵĶͷ°ͶҵĶͷϣȵĺҷ˿䣬ůůģԼҪڻˡ
֪ôƺҶʲôϧʵ̫ˣҲ˵Ļ
ζ˫ۡϸңʶ롢תֱȫʧ
š峿ʵͷʹҰĴһ£ټĴֻʣһˡ
ȻֻģƬΣһǵҹʱָܵ⻬ҵķ˿ҵļʹظָܵϧ촽ҵĶͿůšȻδַңǡҺȻһȣæķ̵ա
ѵһֻôҲɵߵı죬̴档
÷ĵϡƮͷȥһ֦÷ҵߡ
ǣʰϸţֻ÷µñ篾ļöɣۻƵĻϸۣܵ絭ױŮǳ

˭22(2)

Ϊʲôҵ߻÷ɻѣţȻһ
ҴϳۣѥӣһֻҶóͷٿӷɵȻ졣
ɶͷԣʵʲô
繫ӣǶġͷļҶشǰǰԺ÷Ƶ繫ӵĴ¡
˵ԭô񣬺«ʲôҩ
ǼҶЦŴֻշԸ£ӲԵɡ
ŶæҲˡת߻طڤ˼˺һէ֣ҹҶ˵ĻӿͷҪ÷ܳҴ߾ͺˣ͸ɴ͵ҵߣҪɴͷϺˣҾһ϶ŵζ
ֻ˵˵û뵽Ȼ
ұĿ˼룬ŵʹǸʹȡ˼ҵҺȻˣԡһڶˡҲסǷɧĿˣȥˣţԾšԭǣԣǱܣ
һ̣ҸоԼѾһµԨĵߡ
ȻûСʧšǸղļգڵؾ֮ꡱղһڽ棬þƺò˵ؿţǺЩ鱦˵죬쾵۴ӽɳĵڶʹڵ̫ԭ һλղ쾵µگǰһگԨʹȻԭְְأԷͻʵĽ
˶˿һĸܹĵذ׼ӽı飬ÿ飬æòɿ
Ҳٲ͵ǵУԼСԺѾкö춼ûˡ
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һЩ޹ؽҪ£顢ȺȲ衢ȭ轣ʱʲôҲֻŷ
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ҾԼһֻ˵ľʧӣңԶ䡢ȶĿĴ׷ϣֱ·ӡ

˭23(1)

׷硭ͣһϣ÷ɳ۵ͣҷԾ£ëתͷůͷҵǡùԣҺ̲סЦ
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ееۡ˵һʲôĸоƿȴ֫ȫ޷㶯һָҲҪȫֻ˵㣬𣬱

˭24(2)

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繫ӣòһδ𻰣ǱߵҲ˽
ǺǣӣòڨЦеĽ䱸ּһ㣬ɲǲǵĽɫ
繫ȷʵ޿ˣ˫ۡЦЦȻָҵ۾ҵգ˶˵˫һŮӵϣҪȫµӾˡ
㡭ҵѾڳ½ճȭҪٸһ£һȭͷ
ɽңЦЦ˵ţ˶˵ŮǣΪҲһ繫ӣ˵ǲأ
һݣڱϴ˵ǻĳ𣬹Ҫҳ
ɲǣôֱɣһıȵϴءҲʾط༥ұŮӣ˵ƯҲԿҿ毺õòǲǡ
ι㣡ԪһЩˣ˵Щʲôȴסˡ
˵繫ӵĹϵǱѰǳΣɵϿһ˿ŭЦ˵㻹ķҹޣд£
ƨҲҪѿڶճȭַš侲侲ҲͣƽԼĴＤŭңΪʲô
磬ʲôĵͶڷЩԣǰصҺ֮䣬硢ĵܳ;棬һˣȥϴ£Ϊǰӷϴ
ҲáҲپؿһۣԪ˴
ԶˣŵͷңǶˣ
ûСҵӦ˾䣬ЩͷʹԺӲ̫ƽˡ
ϣϯΪԨļҾӷϴ
ʵҶûʲôȤҲ˼ҵ⣬ֻýȥˡ
һһѣ˷ţǰԺȥ
ԺĵƻҴ߹ԣûô£˭֪·Ȼиһ£Һ޷ʱʧȥģǰȥ
һ˲䣬бһֻ§סҵҷ
˿סҵҽ§ǰҵϣֻ֪ŰɫĽۣйζ
Щһʱ֮Ҳ֪òƿôֻζȽŨƽŵǵζЩͬ
ϺȻһлһ㶣תͷȥֻͲվʮԶĵط
ѩҡ
Ҷʱסˣվ§ҵ˭

˭25(1)

Ҹæ̧ͷȥһ˫ЦЦ۾ˣ§ҵ˾Ȼɣ
һŤ˫һţƿɣ˫һգұø
֣ʹȴʼ޷֣ǱյԽԽۡû뵽ɿȴһҪöࡣ
繫ݣӯëӦòһӸеذɣƣҽһֻ첲ȫ§סɵ۵׸һƮʣνӯһգָľǷ繫֫ɣ
һδڴ𻰣ԪʹЦŴԺת˳еӶ繫ϸòŮǶٹˡ
ǡ͵𣬸ղŰ·ǸҵĶƺһ˵ĽţԪôԺ߳ǡǰŽסңʱ䡢صϵ޷죬ôɺϵôǱֵˡ
תͷٿĮվԭأƺûйΪҽΧĴ㡣
Ҳ󣡶Һ۸ǲǣҶʱŭգҲ˲࣬ͻȻһȭ
㣡ƺһʵʵذһȭ̾ɿǯҵֱۡ
ӱʮ겻ҲٸǷϻתǰȥ
󣬳Ժӣ׷ңһקҵĸ첲һεĽ
ղۿѣҲæڻ׷ʲôҳһؿڣƵûţζڲɫڻ˵ʲôҵĻǾͲҪҷˣ
̾һҽӵ֪Ǳģɼ״ȥ㣬ô
˼ǡôһ˵˼һ侲ҺɡԪûʲôͻһĿʵңȷʵղܻǣڵľһʰˡ
ҷ֮ûȥ㣬ҲԼϾ׺̹ġͷůϢңʱ޷ȷĵڴʲô⣬һ⡣ҲܳңҪӱġ
׺ˣŭصһֵۣܵĹϵĲ̫ãƲϽţҲǰӿ߷һ֮ƽյĵεһһԹĺӣҲн֮ˡֵܼľȻЩĪˣҲֻϵùˡղɵķӦǰ˳ѾʶҵŮΪ֪Һ֮΢ĹϵŹǳ־硣ɰһȭ߹ǲϣҲװ¡
ǣ㻹ȥȥϯأһҵ޷
ϻȻȥˣһûأ̲סһۣղűôһͣڸˡ˵ˣҪҲȰѶ
ѽεЦЦҵķӵҵļ糯ȥˡ
ڶ죬Ԩм飬ԭľͻʴӪˡ
ľڵͻʼϿɺ˴˵ź󣬻ظ˿ӣУֻſϳ
ӣԨԥһ£֪λԴкο
˵ȻͻʿɺԸӵΪ±Զˡ
ԨҡҡͷĿǰм·Ϊз磬ҵĴˣҲ·ĵִʱ»ܵУ֪λ߷񣿡
ǲ޵硭£ſڵ̫סصĹ£쾵Ϊ̫ϻʣΪۣһȿɰңҲɶڿڡ
ʵҲڶ壬ƽȣҲ˲ˡԨһͷԸľľٲһ⣬ʼϿɺ쾵ۣһ¡֣ԨԸɺͬ뾩ʦ⣬ƲС鱦ɺѡȡ
ľӱͣԨӡ£ľٴȥͻʴӪ
ԨҲûţдϭģһϭءϭһ߸Ļģֻ˵ΪۣԺһа׵׼սһ
֮ЩȣҹҶ޷˯
Һ˯ؿαϣŴֱֵ̾ţһֱ̾᲻Ȼ֮ͱˣ
Ȼ˯ţǾͳȥ߰ɣ˻˯˰ɡ
ۣƿţǰԺȥ
Ҿţ¹ǻȻԶһƮƮƵ
ͳתƺ˵Ѿõǧżѻᶨ·ǴңԶ£нԶȴԽԽһ翵ĶȰе񾭡ҹգһϪںҹʣϸ峺ȴ˸еãľ·̼Ĺȡ
鲻Խӣ翵һȥ
ԺͤһˣңǴָ䴫ġ
񣿲ǡһҾ֪ˣɡ
ֵʵͦǴӺ濴ǲ̫÷ֱ档
ĹȻǻɱèģʮΪϣŵתȥɺȻ˵繫ӼȻˣΪβ̸䣿
ûзκ죬ĺҲû۾ô֪ˣ
ֻȥ
ˣҹԿյ١߽ͤӣҲһƨʯϡ
ˣ÷繫֪أͣ¸٣˫ѹϣתͷҡ
ǡǸˣ²Ǵӵ֪ˡһḧ٣ᴵѣ֮ûһһġЦеʱֿҪ٣һ׼򵥵ġֻϻҶ˺üҸǸäɤУиòʱҲϲͬѧһȥOKϧĹŴ쿴֮ˡ
֪ˣüǷ繫Ϊλѭأ
ҴͨһıȷɣûԹ⣬ҲӦÿܰɣҡͷԵ˵Ȼᵯ٣ĺûǿó
Ŷ繫ӿҵǺǻأҲգǽʡ
Ϊõ֣ʵ׷ɵҲӦ֮ģǽϡתͷͤ⣬תȴϣĺϣǺ֡˵ţһعͷɣӵʱίˡƺ޷㷢УΪתı֮֮˷θյԶ翣ˣΨһ˿֮ǻоþòɢνգڶ
ɴؿҰ죬˵ûϵģȴǸٵˡ
ȴδػḧ٣˴δ٣ȴҲ֡һЦϧûķţ̸ֻֽϹ˵һͨ
ô֪ôҲúܺáվߵǰ
ҵǲ֪תͷȥֻ°ҹգֻ֪дһֺ֣ҲǸ֣Ҳ
Сѧʲôֵ黭ͨǵﻹˣ޲ڡһǳᣬˣܽ˲ޣ
۵Ĩݾסңһݣ֮ĵɡʼʱֿµĶҩԴݻһУܲʳι̵顣ʼ֮ΧˣЫһǾ綾ԼҲǸԴһ֮󣬾ͲΪ˵ûˡʵֵʮֳɫֻϧҪǷֳʤֳʵһܿɱ顭
ûмǴӷŵӦǡ貨˵Ĺ¡ʵȼݽ˷죬ĵãʧɱΪūˮޣӵһżԬ֮¸ҳ̾һ˵ȼݽǲֲ߲ʫ˵ľֵꡣ̫ͬ򻢲ֵܣ븸ӱֵ֮䣬ʲôǹȥأ
ɽҿ˺һ˵ʶˣ˲ʿΪſֻͣûϵŮ˵۹Ҳȳ˸ߵöࡣ
ǣôӦһ䣬ҪߣӣɫˣңҾȸˡ˵Ҷ˵ˣˣһǾԶ֮ĺá
繫ӼȻϤΪβѧѧأ΢΢ƫסҵȥ·
ѧǸǲʦͨġ˵ţƹ˵ˣҲûԸôѧ
繫ӲԸдաϻǴŵЦݣ˵䣬סҵ֣ҰʯϣѧҪǡͨᡯβֵָһӦɽһ֮䡭ָӦ温壬һζ
ҿôĵңҲ⣬ֻ̧⸧˼£һ˿ؽڣҲ
ѧյľǵĵʵ⣬ҲǿҲƲסҪʹǡôɸѡָĲ֡վ󣬴ҵְֵ֣ؽţʳָңָϸԸʳָ温塭
˼Ե˼ΣȻһСοԳɵӡ
ããõöˣɵͷǰĺõ̫࣬Ȼѧúܿ죡
ô˳ɾ͸УҲöˣ̲סЦԭһա
磬繫ӣǺ£ҹڴ˸١øˣԪ֪ʲôطð˳ƤЦⲻЦؿҺɣҴ֪ĹŵȳȻ˸ˡ
ĹӼЦˣֻⵯѡЦݣվ
Ԫ˿ܣ˵Ƿſô
񣿲ҡҡͷ
Ǿ͹ˣҷŴСϹʱ򣬿ͤ߿һΪǺһءԪЦţ˵Ҳ֣Ҳֻ˵˼䣬ƺ̫á
ֻ￩һ£ˣѵɵĵ
ԨΪٺãٵ͵죬ϭдٿҲ˲쾵۵ϭĴӿةߵΪǰ쾵۵֮ԸΪ쾵۾ЧȻ;ܾԨʾԨط̫ԭϾһ
Ȼ봴һҵȻܾ´ֻ̣ܱ֡˳߲ҵߣһɲԨɡΪͬʱ̤ʵص̫ԭ´Ϊоıһǧǧȥָߵ壬ӡ
վҪˣһǼ棬ΪھӪ㽫ﻮæòɿһֱûظ
գȻһ飬Դҹͤѧ֮ҾҲûˣۿҪˣһ޷һ档
šжᣬŮޡִԵͽҵķĹ
ӢۺúҪǷҸʲôֲѵȺ޸ѿˡԸ޵úͿ˰Զһ,һпᡭ
֪ѪижƳƵġˡ˿ãȻֺȻĵ˸оյجΣ˿̺ÿһϸ
ĺ
ȻһлһϲͷһȴԪԣʵôˣ
㷽ųʲôСܺءԪǰ
ûʲôֻҼСҷһ䣬úʲôиˣﱧһɫ̳ӣʵﱧʲôأ
ԪԻûش𣬾̳д󡱵һ
ǣԭСЦˣһָ̳ӣУƵô
ԪԾȵ۾ңô֪̳У
̲סЦˣΪҸոĽ
֪ΪʲôеġԪԺɥؿҡ
ҿ߽̳￴ȥ
ǰ컹䣬첻֪ôˣģһҲط̳жٽˡԪ԰̳ӵݸңҿǲǲ˰
żûûʹǿ׳úܡϸ˿ֲ˲̫ˣҲˣЩҶˮͺˡ
ģԪЩɡ
šתߵɻرߣժƬҶ״ҨһЩˮ̳
ûһоͽ̳ġ
ۣˣˣܻԪԺ˷ܣֻû㵸ˡ
ҵͷޣţأƣֺģӦٮٮŶ
ǵȻֻлûжأԪЩ⣬ ̲סԴ
ҿУоҲγļƵϲУ˵ùŮѪιһֻ޵еĴ󽫾ãҲ֪ʲôط͵ôһֻ
γƵ˵ʲô飬ôû˵أԪ̧ͷɻؿҡ
һ⣬һ˳˵̫ˣʱγץץͷͱˣֻҪ֪֮ףúñˡ
ţҪȻܺõô죡Ԫһ´۾СԴȻ˹صһ¡
㣬ΪʲôҰһ㶣ССС;Ͷ÷ŮҲ̫ˡ
Һϲ㰡ԾˡԪһҲԼΪʲô⣬ܿĵؿҡ
һʮСкᱡȥӦøô
ҿЦõؿԪԣеģҲеģ㲻ϲңҲҡ
Ϊʲôܣ춼ˡ ԪһƲ죬Ҳеĺеİ
˵㿴ңһ£ʲôʱʲôط
ȥ찡˵˯ҾһȥˡԪԲͷţһʱ򣬾Ϳſϣأһأ
찡ԭҲΣҡңҵĳǾȻô֪ûˡ
һ㱼䣬Ԫ죬˺ü¡
㣬Сӣ㶼ҵĶǡҪЦŸҪ㣬ȴȻˣֻؿӵؽ硭
һתͷȥֻ٣һվؿǣҲ֪վ˶ˡ
񵭵ؿڣԪԣҺЩҪ˵ԼȥԺˣɡ
Ŷ֪ˡԪԵȻ⣬תͷһۣ̳ӻȥˡ
ţǸҺԪԸղءֻʣˣƺˣ֧һڼһ䣬㣬첻Ҫȥôôп
㸧١ɫƽ˿ϲŭԽңٰͤеʯϣʯԹԵص
һʱֻ£١
񵯵ôô졭Ҹղųסˡĵӡû뵽ֻһȻܰصļԺõ˺¡
񡭡Ҿؿħȫڸϣ䣬·˵ʹȴһĨ޵Цݡ
Ϊʲô˵ؼȣƺһƣɳô޿صĵô˲漴ȴϸϸ顢׷شָ׹䣬ر飬˺ѷΣĳ鿪һļУǿҵش̼ҵĴԣҵ񾭡
𣬱ˡ㣬ҪٵˡĺȻصزһ£͵ץס֣ȻֹҲѧ٣һ㶼롭Ǵκʹѧ٣ֻǸ⣬ԺҲᡭ
㷽ңվҪսˣΪһ㡣˫ңҿؿ۵ȵĹ⣬Ϊ㡣أô
ϲӣĮ嶯أԼΪȫţе
һʲôĸоأĽҵƺĪڴЩоȫҵġ
롭Ҵ۾գҲգ˳Ļ˼ڼ֮ȴֻܻôһ򵥵ġ롱֣ĿƺԽԽ᲻ôƿ
Ŷ۵׵Խַץңָҵ˫üգ㵱ң
ûлشֻһؿζĨصζ̼ҵĴԣζʹᣬһޱȵסҵֽţҲӣҲӡ
񻺻ͣƵ֣ңͫӳҵӰӣҵо˵
ǵ˵һ˵۾ԴͫؿԼôҪҵǸˡ
ҪҵôеӴԺǷֻ˵أ
ң˿ʲôͳҶһ޷ܵջ
㣬ģ㡭һΣûѹ֣ʵ˵Լʵ뷨
ǡЦҫаĹ⣬ҹĴ޷ݵ˫һ죬ҽ§ڻС
һֻǳϷһ׽ŪϷҾͻڽ˵Ļһȴûܱ⣬ûֿܵûܸı䣬ûˡ
Ҿ˳ף·궼ˣĿռҵģвͣطһֱڣ޷

˭26(2)

֪ԼĴֻΪһ˵񣬾׾ٵˡ
ͷսҡ
·Լ̾Ϣһ˫ۣĻС
ȵĴӡҵĴϣ΢΢˱Ħţɵͷ̽ҵĿУּᶨطš
ѣε޷˼ֻоϢذΧңѾȫϸϸܡı֯Уࡢ財򼤰ңֱٲ
ڶ峿У϶룬׼ӵıʿӣɺվڶǰ棬Ԩļġ
Ԩĵһս˵˴γĳɰܹϵҽԨرأһ˿һи
繫ӣΪҲڴˣԨͷһһװ磬վ󣬲˵˾䣬繫ҵĶˣҲսһкˣιȥ
ˣţҲԸΪ֮Ծ˺ð죬ŴӦҺһȥӣɲ﹦һҳԨһȭӸߵǸ۲۵Ĵ鳼˵ö֮
鳼Ԩһ㶣˻
ǡҵʮһ꣬Уξĸߵ忴ֻȸԷ䵽ǳǰ棬˷׷ȸߵȴϱ㣬Ϸɹǽ֮ףһ㶨ˣȥ㡣Ҷ˶٣ܣֻԨҲϸţЩЦҴӡѧ￴ģû뵽ȻóˡҸæȥ˵˸ߵı棬Ȼϲ֣Ÿߵܵȸѷߣ˵ǽˣȸҲûУһ޷֤ˡʱߵ׷ǰ֤˵ǴɹȥġΪ棬ǳˣޣߵĲޣʼһع飬Բſڶ糯ʱƸθߵΪɢ򣬻ڳ˶䷢ʹͣڸߵ巢ֽĵطһǵߵ߽󳼵СضʱԸָ¹Ϊ񹲷ߣߵΪԸҲ¡ȻҪΪߵһҪ
˵úáԨף繫ӹȻʶ㲩ͬʤ󣬾ίĸɡ
лˡʩл̲סͷ˹
ؿһֻۣͷЦ
Цһ˵ôҲɱУһʲôʧʹĻԼ
ҺǶһûʲô󲻹ġһͷģҷһ
һһۣҲû˵ʲô
ҪģԹԵڶУǧҪ嵽ǰͷȥôһ˵ЩˣңƤЦģûУ
֪ҹŭذһۣ㰡ŸʯͷƵģ϶ҳһӡ
㡭˵һ㶣ЦԷǵؿҡ
ʱԨѼϣڽʿģŽһģҵ
󣬴ƺƵسˡ
ԨܶʿļģδϸѵоֹȽû·ɾͱо߽Ծ취ܹãܿ죬оĲˡ
ߵ£ǵĲȻ֧¾ͷ԰޷о·ֲĹϹ߲ˣ涨ܳԡ;ƣлο͡һȻܵ;յĻӭǷЯףе׷׸ʳʿҲðյĶ֮Ǯõ˰ǵһºʿ˰յĳȻܸˣĶҲǼҫ飬Ħȭƣ⵽ҪúõشƯ̡
оʱɺʿͬʹ࣬ͬͬ˯һȣڶǰСǰе飬ǰΣգͦʿ䣬ܿ͵õʿİĵġ
죬ȣʿǴ󶼳ಲоɡҲδףֻŵ¡´Ҳֻ˼ĳۣСңˣıŮöˣȵòСʱһǲòŮװھӪʮĻľ治˸ɵģµҲֻҧͦˡ
ұ˳ӳ£ɡҲδף±ֲºּ߽سǲʿ
ʱ쾵޵ƫӽ¼ĵزسǵĹٱҲסΪԼѰ·Կǵľͬͷľһڶҡ
ɺÿղ֪ƣڳºֶӲȡΧİҪǵģŮС󣬶ȥһģǶҡ
ʮ죬һϣϵĸߵߵ壬峯ѾǣͶóеİպһܿࡣͶЧңҲ㲻
ϧǸߵڤ粻顢ִԲ򣬾ҪʿǵȰ棬ʿż
صУףųǹɺ´˵ߵ̣Ҳú˵ǣ
һ֣ãǣ
磬˶սСʶȥǣһͷңʵشھУߡ֪ô
֪ҲҪСģ֪ôҵͷ
һ£ұʿ绢ȥݸմϳǽһȣͷݶϣһʿǼ£ܹ裬ȣµǳǣҪ
ںս޹һʱɱ춯ء
ʱѾ˳ͷسǵʿƴɱʿҲ׷ϳͷ񲢼սǷؿɱˣͷԽԽӵ˫ʿͷƴӵȥһʱ֮䣬ҿӰ֪Ǽס
ôأǳͷһʱǹ㹥ˣҽʿʧҲܴġô죬ô죿ļٵš
ĿһתͷǸ˵з졣
ֻҪǸϣоʿ̾ͻɢʱǾ׶ˡ
ǡһһǰս½ӪæòֺҺ˼û˴ҡ
ˣ˲󼺡ţת˹ȥˡ
ԴռʶҾһֱҼлʱ˵Ļʹ빭ӷȥֻҪ˾ĿĲǿ⣬ʱʹȫʱÿһƣһһµķͿˡ
һؽѹ۵Źȣɼ䣬׼͵һ֣Ҷȥˣ
֨һҡҡ׹һ̾ͺȻˡ
سǵıʿԭǿ֮ĩ˧쵹ˣɢӵӣͶͶ
ɹˣһʱ˷ܣ뷴ҲòˣӦǰȫģ˳ųҲ˳ͷĿҾȻ
񣡡ҽһͷңȻɫ䣬ͽһҳ˹ģ
㶣ԺһϮ۽һƳֻһѴѸҲӿ
˹Ȼǲܵεģһˡ

˭27(1)

νֵˣұܵسȥͬʱεر۵
Ԥеʹȴûеһ˲ֻһתһĻ
񣿡һ§ң§ôһƾʧһϵҺֲۣƿֻüͷʾ顣
ΪʲôǵٳûأҸæͷȥֻһǸ͵Ϯҵʿ󱳴룬ٴǰشѽȫ̴
顱һ죬ʿ˵ϣվɡ
ޱ飬ֳֳɺѪҺ˳Žص䡣
סˣȻɾҡ
Ӧڳ¶սôʲôʱϳͷģѵһֱ
ӣΪҲϳͷˣһ˶սϵұʿʱҲΧһȦǻ롣
޷´ڳ¶սǲصġ赭д˵
ҡҸ뿪˵Ȼصסҵ
ʹƺһͷһϸϸشң㡭ůůģ֪ڿûˡ˺һ̧ͷңŭмŹУƺһЩ־밮ҲǶ㣬ʵشӪɳôȻҵĻϳͷ㲻Ҫô
ҡҿĻܾЩɵ̧ͷȥܵıʿŹֵضǣҶʱһȣû˼ȥ˼ĽǺ͹ػˣæ䣬СС˵񣬱Ҷڿء
һ㶣㷴ӦͷҶ˵ȥٺˣ˵գ̧ͷɵл磬л
ɿһ˵۰ͲӺһʲôʧڵıضԼ
лѡףֱεҵ
ʱҵıռ˷ǣǽŴ򿪣´бĽʿҲɱ
ɡ˳ͷһֱةȥ¥գһƬǽ塣
ʿ㿪ʼ칫٣ȰǮ⸰̫ԭڳĴҰίιԱسǳء
Ѹٵع˷Ȼܸˣɲź˵˴ӮƯֻϧûץסǸߵ塣
ɻδ䣬´żʿһ廨˽ˣ˶һץǸߵ塣
ߵ̯һڵϺߺֱУҲֻʣ°ˡ
Цߵ壬ƻջǵѺȥõҲ鳼ģ
ߵߵǰ˵ָȸΪ𽣬ֺ쾵ۣԲȡġȡλѹգ̰ᣬΪɱµļ֮ˣ֮ãˡ˵ţһ֣վıʿӦǰ
֪ˣǹⲻֱߵƳȥնʾڣ˵ȣһȫ⡣
ʿߵȥˡ
ɵɫЩ࣬ܿͻָԭȥ˵ߵͷڳǽʾڡⲻɱһˣӿͶеĹԱξְάΰ񡣡
Щƺ󣬵ڶգɺʾ̫ԭ
˵Ǵһɾ䡢ǳƯĴʤ̡ӽǰֻ˾ʱ䡣
ԨԳӭӣ˵˵ñɺ£±ضɳɣ
ҵʮʮգʽ󽫾
ԨΪ󽫾󣬱Ϊ¤󶼶ͳΪػ͹󶼶ͳùԱΪʷԪΪ갹򱱽̫ԭ̫أؽ̫ԭһˡ
Ԩֽ쾵̫ԭйڵľŰʳͳͳƳӲƥ򸱣Ҳһᵽ󽫾Ϊʱ
һ׼׵ֻձ򳤰
˶æŴװߣһ¿ҲøһС
ϣʵ̫ˣҾһĵȥ˺ɽ
ǰղŷֵһһԴƽһƬž,ֻвʱдĲϪˮ¹ϸĲƣӳĹӰƬ
Ь࣬ɢһʯϣѽϪˮһӽżֱܵͷֱĸоʵˡ
СϪʱʱţˮʯҡƵġˮµĿЩˣر۾š
ߵĻݷ΢΢ҵߣûۣΪǼѾŵһĨϤĵζ񣬳˭Ҳ֪һ
˯ô૵ĵͻҶߣָҵգᴥҵ촽ҵӣؿĻ
һԱװ˯ҲͼƣḧҵĲȻôߵҵ죬Ħҵǡ
ĸ˳һ·£Ҳһ¡ƺЦһȵϢҵϣģʪ妵ĴҵƤĥţؿҧţǸ¡ҵҲԽ
ϴһһȣʵװȥˣæۣһץס֣һļ磬㣬ʲô
ôһϣһֱװȥءͬյƽͫȼܻ棬һգգңٲۣͱΪΪˡ
㡭ļ򣬵ͷԼҵ·ŵЩ˵ҡ
ǣ£ҲǿҪ㡭ֲҵĳزŪţ˵Ҳǿ㣬ԼԸ⡭
Ŷ̵òУֲ̧ۿֻðļ羱ԹԵĻУôģ¶æô
ţݾѳﻮ׵Ҳѡˣգɽ򳤰̧ͷԶıĶԲǣƽչȡУ¡ԣȡóǵһ
ȷһȡóҲڵλռƣϸǵ񡣡˵˳¤壬ڹкܴӰ죬볤Ӧȡõ˵ӵ֧֣ͬʱǾӵΪۣɺˡ
˵ûս§ҵ֣˵ȡǵһȺۡǵڶѾͻʽãǣסܣ̫ԭΪѹ̣ضϵȺۣͳһȫ
￿˿ţǸƣȱϡԲԣ
ԣ˵ȫСͷһҵķҪҳҪڽأ
Һԥػش𣺡ҵȻҪˡ
ҳԣǰ³çɫ̧ҵ򢣬֣ص˵ϻ࣬ȴڳ嶯ٲ֪
Ҳضһ䣬ϴҪ˵з˧죬Ҳôͱ°
֪·ȷʵйǣһתɢϵļ鷢ԣԸЩ£ҲϣðΣգĵѵĿ־壬ҲپܵڶΡô
ҡֻȱս飬ϼսұ̧֤һɫѱЩѿϽת˵ұ֤Ժٲսˣٳ嵽ǰ棬ҲжһʵʵشӪҲȥ
Ҫʵͺˡ̾һ§øˡ
ʱˣǻȥɡҿ˿ɫƿȥ÷ڱϵѥӺӡ
һһذ׵
һţĪǣ
ҵͷǰϴпȸ磬Ӯǰذס
ǡȻЦ֪ʲôǡȸѡô
ҵȻ֪ˡ˵ţ˵ĸ˲òڣճȺΪѡոǿļϻֻȸֻȸ۾ȢΪˡѶϧûСһ죬ĸףҲԨ˿ȸ۾ձ˹飬Ҳɾһμѻǡȸѡˡ
˵Ҳǿȸ磬ǷҲܱ˹أЦţǰҡ
ңô֪ҾֿʼæתͷȥŴϪˮ˻ʪģѥֻܵһٴˡ
˿ңȻϥ£ҵţ۵°ΪҲŽϵˮΡ
㡭һ£һ˫ôؿůһɴδйǿҸоӽŵֱȫѪҺƵģͣطӿţȻײؿڣһ仰˵ܵŽţȴקŲ֡
˵űظϥϣϥڵϣҵҽزЦ˵ĽźܺÿأϵȰɵġ
ҵĽŶˣϸΪҴӣѥӡ
𾪵صͷΪҲŴѥˣôҵǰεסҵĽšΪʲôΪʲôҪ£ΪʲôҪһַʽһ˿ô׵һŮ¹ôοôһˡ
㣬ΪʲôأҴΪҴѥӡվΪʲôҪҴѥûбҪ˰
ҪôЦţָҵĳֻ룬ԾˡȻȻأֻΪô
ֻѣԣͲҪɣ૵ظĻ˼һƬҡ
ҵģֻҵġͷңͳһ˿ᶨѾ˼ܵõ㣬Ҿ׷֣ſ˫ۣҽӵڻС
ĻӺȻһؿй֤ʲôô˵ذԵǿơһ˿ʲôطôΪʲôһôأʱõһ£ǳصԻرĸݻһŮе־ɡ
޷˼ΪĴӡҵģɵ׾ͽҵĴڣҵһԵϢҵΧһѣϮһƬհףʶЩƮȻƺӶҪˣ·˶Ưƶϣλð
֣ı˿ֻ̣ʵӦصĺҵΨһ
࣬ԸԭһĹ̡
ֽīˮɫȾࡣ
ϵֽͶ󡢹ֽãߵҲܺá
ҵ˵ʣԳֻӺȾ
ﻭľ費òھ±ʲڻˣڻľ
תϸ١⻬ĶͷĽüһ˫ĽͷâҲ˵ǫѷֱͦıı΢΢ƺ͸ŵЦ⡣ʻ£Σߴȴֲʧţ°׳˳Ⱦ
ǵǰһʦ˵һ˲ǰ׼ȷػɣ˵ǸеķѾɹˡ
̫õѹô˿˼緢͵ҾƣɢŨζѾ㲻ܲӰĶζһжҵԺ֮ȥ
ЦʲôأԪƿţɻ˾䡣
ңЦôһ㶣ʶԼ
Ԫ˰£ǰЦ춼ֵˣʲôˣ
ûУԭڰеŮӶһӡеǸˣͻ˼ƮȻЦտأ
ףԭڻҶ簡ãءԪԴǰǷ磿ӭӶɩȥˡ
ɩһ£׷˾䣬ɩ˭
ɩֵͦģгޡʲôġԪͷƴš
ԪԵĻһƹݺݵҵĺϣֻǰһѣվסӣҷסһſʵ޹ǲǣ
ԣԣǽ֣ԪһĴȣʵ缸ˣֻǶձæ˲ֻܰѶɩ˳Ӧǽһž۵İɡ
ۻţ޹ʺһ֪Ůˣ峯ɵŮȻţѼ࣬ȫǳ͢ԹȻԺաŮ޸ԨĶӣŵԡ޹׽һͳĽ֪ᡢֱƷԡȿ꣬һй˵ĻǣʷͻݶׯĻʺ
νһҶĿָľɵϰɣʲôɱҵ۾ǰʵ
ǡԳЦһһԵ̨īˮմȾ˻ֽ
һ£ֽϸؿţͬһת˲֮䣬ҵȫͬ
һֱһƬʤյɫ߽ȥԶҪ뿪ǿҵĿơͺ֪Ƥ࣬һƬµһ߽ͻԽԽһ޷˵سǰţû»ͷ·
Ӧ֪ҵ١һѵޱȣĵ£
ǣԪԿҴǻæʵҪ⻭ôѾѽ
ǰѾˣԲܹˣֻԶ˿˵ţ⻭յȥ
ҪȥԪԼ̧ߣҲ׷Һһȥ

˭28(2)

Ԫԣ㲻Ҫһ˾һҰ˰֣ͷҲصس˷š
ƺҪˣƵ͵Ϣ̫ôֲܺѹȸС
ϱȳڵСţת԰
ҾЩˣ㿿ˮԵļɽмϢ涼ɽʯţͷд֦ҶڸǡܰҲΣ˾Ҳᷢҡ
ҴţпհһƬʲô룬ֻǾط
ỺĽŲԶͣڼɽǰ£һŮ˵òһпɺãиλɶã
紵ҵ̽ӲһҶȴڷµҵͷϡϡ̽ͷȥҲ֪ͳ޹
ãһжá޹ҼɹȻǺãʧܣǿɱͷĴǷޣ
һ֪Ĺϵô޹˵ֳ˵ǵӢۣܼ㣬֮ҡŮӼ޷ӷҾڡ
ѡ˵һʱȴҡ
޹ƺûвĹǣ˵ԺӶ;мܿѣ˾Ŀģ˲ٿٱ壬Ϊ٣Ȼʮͬ
ڹȴ£ȷѵáпһ޹ǸŮӣֻǣҡ
½æڴ£Ͼչô޹ϸ˵ţף˼룬ΪΪĴ£ֻԼǸŮһ֮ˮ֮УΪ¶ҡ
̾һת˻棺̬ұҪֻҪһڽˡ㲻ԹҰɣ
޹Ҳ̾ſȥɡΪ٣Ϊĵ׾һ˿һıԹ
޹СҲ޹ˣȻҿǴ˿̵Ρ
һƽ⡢ԹŮӣֻҪ˶ɡ
˺һ޹ȥ˰ɡ
áӦұһ󽥽ԶȥĽŲԶˡ
һһţЩڴĿݻҶŷڿתڣƮ䡣
ܳܣҶջҪڵأΡ
޹ԸºͣͨڵŮˣʹ˻ʺҲһר裬ȰҪƽضԴÿһλɣ˹㲩أÿŮ˶еġҾ֪һܳΪŮˡҲȥԹΪҸִ˵ҲǵߣҲ֪滹ֵߡߣܶܶ࡭
ˣԶϣԼŮ˵ȫеŮֻԼһ֡һΪܵջ͸ˡ
ֻ鰮еһ֣ѾõܶˣҲǵõġνİʲôأ´桢ĵ谮ң簮ңϵķ㣿֪ҵȥѶΪ᣿ѵνҪΨһô
һذһŮ,ѵӦ?ΪһһӢۣԶҪ͸ˣΪİĽŮһЩͨ˶飬Ů˾ΪǸ춯صİˡ
Һ֪ΪҶŮˣǰҵġ˵ҿǸֲеһĴ̣һεʹܻʹ飬ȴΪһ겻˼Ľɽˡˣ󲿷ֶԽɽΪءŮ,㱻ǧ谮ҲֻһŮˡ
־Ħ˵Ҫ᳹һݰñϹӡӣһûִ
ţǼôŮ˵ĶʼɺСô
ǡһ˲䣬ֻһ⣬һ᲻ΪⱲΨһŮˡ
Ƿ񶨵ġǣֻѡ΢Цת뿪
ֻһһΨһŮˡ
ҲɣȻţİǴģΨһġ
Ѿ˼ܵõ㣬Ҿ׷ſ㡭˵仰ʱ޵ĸо
ֻ̫ǵˣ̫Ů
ͻȻʹҪݺҧԼֱһڡ
һ֪ʲôʱʪһƬûпޣȴᡣ
ʲôһ
ΪʲôȴҵĹޣ
ʮŮҵһʵİ飬ȴ翵ģġòůĶǸ̻ģõģȲҪøࡣ
ûЩϰҺҲܻнұضʮһ͡ҵļңҵĸĸкҳϦͬѧҵĸĲŸտʼһμӸ߿һĴѧͬΪҶɽһͬΪڶʮһӵеһС
һУֻŮˡ
ԸŮˡ
˵Ļʱͷ֮ƨ£ҪϲؤǻʵۣҶϲкݡܻΪһ̸ңҪԼҪԼҪĶǰϣĳϡ
Լִԣţǿģû˭˵ҡ
ϺȻߴߴĻ̌ͷȥֻ볲ûС֦У²ãʱѾŵȫ
һѰɡţһСʯӣһ˦ʯӱ˳ȥˡһҵ֦ϡ
ߴСţؽһ۵˫֦ܿ辵ųзȥ߷ˣˡ
ȻˣȥһзϵŮı
в֮ܳܵأ뿪õķʽˣֻˡ

˭29(1)

·ʮӣҴӶʮһʹıȫļҵ
ҳ̾һʰðŵȥ
̹׸Ҫ뿪ǾԲߵģֻѡҹɫȻȥ
÷ڣȴѵ㡣µ֦÷СĵؼҲѿήƺζҺһҲǿήȥ÷
̫Ļʱȴ˲ٿ
Ҫôտţͻһ̧ͷȥԪԱңԺеʯϡ
ǡûֱߵ󣬡ô֪Ҫߣ
ԪûתʣϲҶô
һʶʵô֪
ҿɫ㱣һֱ㣬ҿһڼɽ͵͵ؿޡԪԻعͷңΪϲҶ磬ԿͶɩһŻޣԲԣ
һֱΪֻǸӣû뵽ԭܶ鶼
ǣϲ磬ǣҲϲұߡҽʯϣҲ
ΪʲôΪҶɩôԪ׷š
ҲȻһЦԣֻһԭ򣬻кܶ޷ס֮һҪߵġ
㲻ҪߣҲߣԪԺȻվһ§סҵļ򣬡Ҳϲģòã
ɵӣ֣ҲϲѽǣŮ֮鲻һ
ԪԹִ§ҲϷ֣ʲôһٴһЩҾͿȢ㣬ȻǾͿһֱһ𣬲÷ֿˡ
ǡ̲סЦҪ˶ԪͺˣȢңѵ֪ǡ
ţ֪Ԫɿ˽ҵ˫֣ӣҴûĸ˿Ư͵ĸ̸˵ŮӣǶϲŮӡ
ɺԪȻһ֪Ůڴʲô⣿һ˼˼ԪԣҶҪߵģԡ
һߺôԪҡҵĸ첲һ𡣡
Сֻܾ̾һߣܲĵҡҰԪҲˣҪ죬˵ԨҲǡ
ɡԪƲ쿴ң᲻㰡
ɵϣҲ᲻㰡һġվͷǣļңԹԵҪĻ֪ô
֪ˣԪҵֲſǣ㻹ôԺ󻹻ټô
Ҳ֪ҲҲˡЩ᲻ɰĺӣҷգԪԣҪذ
ԪԵİæҺ˳ǣ׷磬ӽĺȥˡ
ҹϿһˣ׷ɿرţܿͳ˳ǳأһƬҰ֮ϡ
ȥܼûéũᣬҲӰӦðȫ˰ɣţһ󼱴ٵӺ𣬻ͷһֻһƥ۶ȫڣΨѩ֮һۣ
ˣôģѵԪԳңҲٿϽתͷǰһ񱼡
Ԫ˵һĺ׷粻£Է飬ʮָ߳תۼ䣬ƥѲˡ
һ嵽ǰ棬͵صתͷסͣסȲ˻಻ס׷ȥ·
֮ľ̫׷ת䣬ȥҲ޷ɲסֻø߾ǰűײһŵĲҾ硣
㡭Ҹ뿪ڣȻ̽ұһ죬Ҵ§˹ȥҵͺһѱȵرڰǰ
ſңţ鼱֮¾ȻԼϣһ²ȣұֱֱˤȥΪԼˤѿ֮ʱһֻ޳εץסҵ
Уֻɫ¹˸⣬һ̣Ѿǰ䵱ҵĵ汳ֻ顱һ죬ŵأˤ˸ʵʵ
ûûУһŻŵţֱӿϸȴסҵ
ˣҲҶż׷˾䣺û°ɣ
ɫһһ뻨Уѹ¡ҵֱ࣬ã˵ΪҪǶ𣿣
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Ҳߣϣס㡣̵ػش׷ʵ˵ΪҪߣ
ΪʲôҪ£Ҫʲô侲Ӳضһ䣬ôõķˣҲǲ֪ôˣ
֪޹ˣǸĸ֮Ը
˼£ȴʼѲǯƣЦĸ֮Ҫˣʣûһ˿ô볤޹֮꣬䲻һֶûС
ǣ޹ǺŮӣȷʵϲǺͶĸоǲͬġһ֣ԲٺҾˣô
ҴӱһʲôƨҴ
񼱼سŵȻ㲻ֻ֣ҪԸ⣬һҷ˺ǧ򱶣
ҲԸ⣡ҵʲôˣ˵ĵ鸾ôҾԼ֮Уﵽⶼ͸ˣҰһˣһжҵģСֻңΪΨһȻҲȫĻر֮⣬Э
㣡۾˵ľ⡣
һ˿кܶŮˣȻİŵĿֻһ˵ԼбŮˣʹǷ곡ϷҲ̣ûбܿĿ⣬ֱʩˡŮһ飬ҲǿŮõ󣬳⣬һô
õ㣬һɱ죬̬ƽý˵ӣһŮ޷죬ķˣҲˡһ޷ĵģðϵİš
ƨûĸ˻ҵ죬ҵֻԼûжŮ롷ҲдŮѵҲ֪ʲôĵ£޷ӷֻ֪Ůܶ죡ףһǧҺ֮һ޷Խĺ蹵ȨѾиٹ̣ڹǸ޷˵һȥ̸ʲôŮƽȣֱǶţ٣ͬѼһѪֱţҶʱڲԣöãҲգҸ㣬ҵԭˢҴͱ˹ãǻҾöģ
֮⣬ζҪ뿪ңôָƣȦסҵĲӣһҪߣ
ԣ Ůв࣬ôƲߣⲻھҲҪʾʹҲϵָն˵һҪߣ
ǰ˺˵һܻһȵò־ñ˵õŮӣʱҺܲΪȻ䣬һ˿УҾ⻰е
ϵԽԽҿҪܺˣǡɱôؿһɱ
һĴһǳǳĻȣڷſ֣ҽסȿȡ
ǡЦţָҵĲĦţϸĲֻҪ۶ϰɡ
һ̣ȫȷԼûпɱڸղţȷʵҪҵ
ɱôǡԣˣ£ҾȻЦóˣ˵飬ų켺жҪȥģһξ͹ˣٲ֣ܻܿᱻеʬ޴档ԣҪҵҲ⡣
ΪҪҵأ֣ҵĲƵҵķϣһͷҵĳΪܲ˳ء
㡭ͻת䣬һʱ޷Ӧ
һ͵˺ҵ½󣬽ҵļ羱УеĴҵĲӡ˱ҧţֻҵ䣬׾پҵĦš
Ҫ񣬲ҪұŴˣϵ˺Ҿʧ룬ֱĶȫݷǷڴʱ˵غˣûУҲңþȫţȴǰѲǯơ˵ǿ־廹ģˮƲסشۿй䡣ҲҪҲҪ㣬㣬ҪҪ㡭ǰһ̣һԸоҵĺǻΪʲôתۼ
Ŀ·ǣ̧ͷ̾һˣҲãˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪأԸԸ⣬ֻԼ뷨ҡұս˫ۣᾡ¡ͬӺݣ׺ݲбסŮ鰮Ҫƽȣκһһ֮ϣ㶼֮ܳΪİѵֻǿ̬ҵô
ָҵգҵᣬƵģָһ£ûһ˿һô
Ҷûа⣬жٸ檣ҶߣΪǺһϵûСǣңϲ㣬޷֮ܳ⣬㻹бŮˡǱۣΪһۣû˵ЩˣΪ̹Ȼ¡Ϊֻȥ֣Ҫһ֣
ʵߣôʹô
ϲôϲǰʵôҲʣɵ˫ۣʹ龹˵ߣϲֻǸ翵ӰӣõģԽòԽõ
ûпڻشһֹܵѹǵĿڣ·ÿһγصĺؿڵĸ
ҳϣȷʵΪǸβŻƲסҪ㣬ԱΪˣ岶׽ãһĨȴȻ΢ЦҲףԭˣҲĸԸ
ҵصһ£Ϊؿ¶ʹ뱯
߰ɣʧȥЦȻǳ˳ķ磬ɰ
㣬ԸߣЩô׾ͷߡ
ģкβͬ³仰ʹ
Ҵһ仰˵һɲǣҵıݺݵ˺ˡˣ۵Ϣ
ǰ˫нӭжϵǱ̵ñˡѪģңֺγأµֻܵЩ˿ر·ɣȻĳһ䣬һԶʹ
εֻĬĬر˫ۡ
ǣҪסͷỬҵǣҵķ̬һӡһʾֻһΣֻһΡҵУұˣ
ǰˣҷ׷磬ȥ
Ҿͽ˼ҿջͶޣѰ׷ڵϽȥй䡣
Ϊ쾵۶ԽжӣҲ˽ʱڵĿǰ١תʹפǸۿڳУۺӴƼڴˣ̼ϢʹΪȫҵС
ʱɫڶġŮݺЦ̼ʿ硣·ԵĲݡջҲ¡˿ӯš
߻һл㱵ţоԼͬԶʷ֮С֮ŷ绨ѩ£֮ư֮ɣ֮֮еһڲõĽ쾵۵ȥҲ紵Ųɣ
ڽֱߵһ̯̯ڵΪ˺裬һʱ֮磬ƣ⣬ҵ˼صǸϡ
ǣҪסֻһΣֻһΡҵУұˣᶨҹ紫ҵĶľһֻεֽ߬ţ޷
̫ˣҵɡ̫ˣȱ˶ҵء̫ˣֻѡ롣տ뵽һΪпֻҲϧ
ңǽգؽұϣһӻ֣һͷҲصزɱȥҲܻͷҲһͷ벻ֹҵĽŲįת񱼻ȥĳ嶯һӿˣӲشӿˡ
ǰģջǹִĻ´棬ʮ̰Ļ
ѵȺޣĸѿˡô
̾һʹԼԴɵϣЩɣѵһǣסôȻˣͲҪȥˣ
뿪̫ԭһֱ˼һվȥȥõģҲҪͶЧŴǰ;ҲԭҴɽȥΪʿõġתһ룬Уұ취ضʮһ֮͡£Īǻ˻ʵۣҶﶼûá˵ˣһø֯ʲôѽִѧũô̫кʵˡһǾȥʱٵĶУһֱȥܿͻᱻݣȥﲻͶô˼ǰѡͬĽ˵쾵ۺܿͻᱻڽǳڶʱڻǰȫġ
ϰ壬ˡöҷϣͷ˿ɰǮʣ޼ɽհٲ취˵ĻͷûʲôԷգֻдֻֻҰ˴дţǰֹ̯ˡ
Һ˼ڽţ䲻ǰһкײ˸
ǸͷǸܿҲ
龰ʶڵӰС˵ﾭῴ뵽ʶȥĺɰȻɰˡ
̧ͷȥΪֵ磬ǸкûԶǰʮҵĵط
Ҳûţֻ͵͵ظͷ죬ܿתһ˵СڽӻͳҵĺɰǮ˳ϸš

˭30(2)

СܵܣһжǮվʵ
ʮǮͷҲûأӦ
˾ѺɰҡЦԷǣļ硣
㣡кʱͷһңʱŴˣתȾܡ
㻹ʵɣЦţһץסĺ콫˻С͵ҵǮܣ
ԲҲǹҪ͵ģкҴסͱͷڵϿţʵ̫ˣûǮ
̾һеߵﶼⲻˣôһˣļأ
ˡûˡǳߡȻ˵ңȫˡ
ҽ۾˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾ŲĲɣΡҳһ£ȡеĺɰӵݸ:ҲԣǮǾͶ԰֣㡣
㡭ţԥֽӹҵȥӣлл㣡
ҲССӺ͵ƭɲУҲܿ˵ʩһӣͷһҪѧԼԼ˵һ£ʵڵĴ⺢ʲôͬأʱ޿Ҳǹ¶һ
뵽鲻ЩȻҶһ䣺Լúñءתߡ
ȵȣС硭кӺ׷ûԽԽ졣
ۿҾҪ߳ˣкȻҽһ
Ҷ˶٣ڻ̲סͷȥֻкʿΧסͷ˰СһСӣڻץˣǰЩ͵ҵĺɰ
ңûСкɫɷףµرš
㻹ҵ˸첲һ˦кС漴ˤǽϡ
кƺһӵѪ˿͵ģǮѾһˡ
ˣͷ׺ݵ˵ûӻ֣һ֣༸˾ͳȥǺһȭߡ
кֱͷҲģܿͱÿڱѪֹ
Ӣۺú·ƽһ𣬸ó־ͳ֡ҵƽ鲻֪ж٣ÿһξͺһΡһΣ㲻ɤƵҲɣֻɵϲŻôŵȳȥ·ƽ
ƫƫֻܵĴɵϣҼǰλүֻǸӣ͵ǮҲﲻ㲻ɣ
˭˵һ˫´ңҷſһ˽ĪһģתͷкǼ£ǣСҲץ


˭ Ĳ

˭31(1)

ǡҿЦһһҪҶˣʱȻ˭ȭͷݣ˭ܴ˵ݵصסȻһתһ߾ͽ̵ˡʿȭͷûӭȥÿһȭһȣȻ˶ڣһǺؽһһڵء
ס֣ʲôһϺȴ˲ɵöͣ֡
תͷȥֻĸߴ󣬼񣬽üĿͷһɫۣпѥվʮ㡣
˭Ǽڳֵģǰ˫ĿǼʿֶŹʵ̫˵ˣ
ĽûеֶŹǣСӲԣͷıʿӵػش𣬡ȶֵġǸС͵ǵĶ
ֶŹһܣƧӣǼ˾ûˣ㲻ϵ֣еԩĽҰв˸òĳɶɣ쾵׷峯ڶú߾ԡзֽۡսĳɶô
ôתͷңȶֵģ㣬
ȶֵġһͷͦվǷʽǣ
ĳɶؿڣ͵µĶ
ûСȻĳɶ鲻ðˣûʵʵ˵кȷʵµĶ
ĳɶ˼һ£ߣкҪ¡
һûشͷıʿˣʲôҪߣСӽǴˣס
סڣǺúÿԼʲôӣȻžڽϴ£ĳɶĻôΧһǲԡ˵һֻۣһӣ۹ѣȻһӣΪǵĳ٣Ϊܣ
ǡǼʿɫԶԡ
ţҪ̻ؾӪȥĳɶݼһȡûУһȺͰĿɨţ㡭޹أˡ
أҴӵϷǸк֪Ҫδ
ĳɶһü͵ʵȻҪҴˡ
òף׷˾䣺֪δ
ĳɶһŨüɣ͵ߵնȥһֱۡ
ֻ͵Ҫնȥһֱۣδ̫ˡֻ֪س̷Ͽᣬʲôǣû뵽峯ķҲô¡
ֻǸӣʧȥһֱۣ»ǰ;١ұȭϹɷ飬Ҷ뽫⿪һʵ峯ʱѴңɷͬ裬ſڣֻҪĳɶ˵Źӣ¾֮ܲˡ
ҪҷŹĳɶ¶һ˿ѰζЦݣͻأʵֺܲԸԸдһ£
д裿ĳɶ˵д裬˵ǾˡԪԵĳ֣޵Сĳɶض֮˿ֻ̣Ǽ򵥵ظվȴ޿ɿܵ϶Աһءľи֣ССֵо֮˿ɱȡ
۽һƳֻǼʿ¶ֻı飬ҪϷˣ򹷻ҪˣҰĳɶºݺݵؽѵһ٣ӲӣȻ׷Źҡ
ȻǲȣȵĻҵȻȫˣкô죿ֻ·һҺĳɶʵ⣬߿ɱԣд衱ǲѻʯѰ·ô
ǲսӣƴһ
һ֪дأ
ҳֿȭֻ֣ĳɶŵЦκακֶΣʮ֮ò㣬Ӯ
áĳɶѾܿˣҾһѣһһָǸкҽʤ˽Źӡ
ãҴӦ㡣ĳɶһ˦֣롣
롣ҷְסվ
ĳɶҲվŲΰɽɢ޼ɵɱʹϢĸоֽЩƲסز
ȣȥˣĻ᲻սܡһγѸĳɶȥ
ĳɶһãܹ棬һһץҵĳ
Ҳǰһƣ⻮Բ˳Ĵָ
ýĳɶһã֣ʳָָڽһ
ҵһ£ҽż㣬һ
ãһˡֻһУҾ۵úֱҵֱۻ鲻ֵֹĻڱղһʹ
˿ҲףԪԺҹȫңֻǴ֣ಫԶ˵ϡĳɶһսȴǶģҺܿܽӲʮоһغˡ
СӣֹȻСˡĳɶЦЦһ̽ҵץ
ڴȻһ΢Σһ󣬽ߴȥ
һȥƺʵ׼ֿ죬̵ķλǡôҺĳɶʱơ
ĳɶȵءסһұƵñкˣҴδǺν
̫ˣҲգһɨҶɨȥ
ĳɶԾ𣬴ҵͷԽ˹ȥ
СССУƴȫĳɶ˰УֻʣˣζҪȥ
СӣȻܳŹУСˡĳɶƽؿڣ˫Ŀɱһţʱס
ȻĳɶХһȭʷֱ֮
ҵȻ֪һȭĸҺӲƴһ㣬תȥ
ĳɶȻϾʹ˷Źң͵һԹѲٶǰҵĽδ̳ȭͷȴѾˡ
ҽƾ顱һҼʵʵذһȭֶȥ
ҷ·ѵǿҵʹҲͬһʱϮȫʹЩʹȥ亹شӶͷð
ھˣһҪŹʮУ
˲ڷѪҲ˲üǷѾѣֻʣһͷǾζҪӮ
ҷǵˣǰײĳɶĸ
ĳɶûϵҾȻصײһ񣬸صذһ
Ϊֹˡĳɶֻһ£һȻûж̫˺˳ȭٴ𣬳Ż
ҲͷѸݵشѥذס
ĳɶоһ֣ȭͷƫƫҵ̫Ѩ߲˹ȥҵذĲӡ
ֻѪڣͷһһ˿ѪζӲȥƽؿڣʮУӮˡ
Сӣ֪֡ذܣսƴһսʵܿɹ󣡡ĳɶ޵һ飬ȻͦסҪҲҪŹʮУú
޹أйءһջذףʵҺΪĳɶղԥһ£ҲлһȭǵðҵԴ򿪻ɣΪ˽ĹҲҪסҳŹʮˣĽŹǸӡ
ɷһԼȳ׷ĳɶӦ¾һĳɶһִҵļһַסҵ˵úأһȥ˰ɣ
鷳ˡԼԡõı֤иʹٶϮҵ;Ѿ˼ޣҲ޷֧ţǰһڣӱǰȥ
ʹȫʹǼ򣬸ʹо˫˺ҵ·ҳļš
ʹ裬ͺһѼ⵶ڹͷعţҵʹʧȥͣĥңҵ־֮ǻš
šʹڣܲסʶʱЩѡԣ·ҵ··ҪңҪ⿪ҵ·ӵһʧȥ룡˷Ůӣܣ
͵۾˷ͽһҪ
ôˣǰվһװˣҺȻȻҲһɴ۾ңҩҲô
ʹ͵شһʹҵͷȥҼزűڡ
˱ϵҩ߱߶˵׵ˡİɣļֻЩѣδҩһʱվͻȬ
Ǵ򣿡һһܣһȾαһӦȫǽϻŵԥʵʲôط
ĽңĽΪεġ
ĽĳɶɣѵɵŴģ
û˼ȥĥ£ҿһҪҸæ
æǡҲŮӵȥһ£Ц˵㲻ض˵֪һְ֮Ϊ˱ܡ
򡭡סˣлʣȴֻʣһ仰ǣǸղ㿴ҵʱ򡭡
ȻҵĻֻ˵һ룬һе˼ҿʱġ
ţҵģ˵ĳɶӦû֪Ůӡ
Σ
Ȼĳɶ漴Ӧæһ·
ףѾˣĳɶƿţ󲽱ǰͷңЩô
ؽ˲أֻǼĹͷЩѡҩдˣϣֻҪҩʱȻͻҩ䣬ĽȻ޴󰭣Ҿȸˡ
ã°ɡĳɶ˰֡ʩתͷζؿһۣ˳ȥˡ
߽µȴһְסˣضˡ
лȻǱ˵ģһǱлˣǸأ
Ѿˡĳɶ˵ţڴ
ЦȻˣҲڴˣһұ뿪
㡭ĳɶһ²˵Բߡ
ţɻؿ
ĳɶңҺĵʶգ֪ܷң
ҡΪЧҵҡΪĳɶЧǲǰԴ˩ڿϡϦôҼæƴǣ뽫ԭ£һңڹˣʹˡ
ҵѣǾҵĵˡĳɶشҵĻΪõˣҲΪá

˭32(2)

ĳɶͻȻ׺ݵʮֿ£ĺͫݺݵضң޵ЦҲ˿֪ԼСֻҪһˣҾͻϢشʧˡ
£òͷúǰֻôӦˣԸΪЧȮ֮͡
áõҵĻشĳɶ˵ͷվúϢ㡣
ܵȻأҪȬȴҪܳʱ䣬ʵʵڴ˼գҩĵ£彥ָҲܻˣֿʼ
հʵƵ÷ţ𳤽Уȥ
УϿտյģֻĳɶһ
˵ӣĳɶʱ̽ң̸书֮£˴˼䵹ҲûôˣҴǰкʱ
㣿ĳɶЩ⣬˻δȬúУʲô
лģҵѾõòˡĿһתһָϵĹţҿ֤
ĳɶҡҡͷҿ㣬⹭˵ˡ
Ŷ⹭кϡ棿ҿùĹϸһ̥һĹ࣬һҪ߳磬ġϺõţƳɣŹɫâȷʵѵһĺùûٽġˣļӦܽٲĺľ䴩Ҳ̾ùù칭ǿüóȻԡ
Σ⹭˻ءĳɶ۷ֱȤҿأٵȼ꣬㳤ñˣҲ١
ߡԭЩԥôһ˾ͷõȼ꣬ھü
ĳɶһҲȰˣݸһ֧
ǼϹȾɺɫʮ糤խɱͷ൱ͣԳκǿ
Һסͷɣûһ˿𶯣ѪҺ·Ҳֹͣȫա
ȣХһ͵һָۣ䱥ſеԵĹһĻȡ
һƺѾͣסˣһӹ, Եļҷָһɣֻҡ顱һ죬ǼƿպХһ㣬ĳɶղ֧ļβһ룬䴩˰ġ
һƽҴܵأ֫ٺϸ΢ĩңƽ⡣
СӣͦģҹȻûпˡĳɶƬ̲ſ㻺ſ֪õʲôɷ
õ̫ķ̫ľԢգкᡣ̫ԻΪָᣬԽԽաûпʵ˵ˣȱ˷ȱǹˡֻศɣʤ
ԭˡ޹ݵȴ׾ٵؽŴĳɶӹϵĹļҲʮ־Ȼ䴩ҵļ
ǡֻǽҶѡʱҲžüʹҵȷʵûȫá
ңĳɶЦˣ벻ᣬΪȴʮָˡ
һüΪΪֻעʵΪء
Ϊߵˣ书ߵġУ뼼ѵͬҪĵλĳɶŻعϣҵΪԶԶɱ˵ļȴкܶࡣεʵңԷ÷ǻԷ
ԷõķöҩҺȻ˿Ц飬öҩǱȴɱø죬Чô
ҩĳɶмغһҴӲĵ
ǡҵȻֶ֪Σ˵ЦѡҿƺЩˣæ˵ΪأΪȣҪǱز٣񽫾µˣﴴһ춯صҵ
ĳɶȻɫʵŶһ춯صҵ죬Ƿ᲻һеһ֮أ
ҡһ£һʱ֮Ȼϻ
ǡҲ˵ЦѡĳɶϸЦݣҵļ磬ɫˣЩȥϢɡ˵գת߿ˡ
˵ЦѣнԶıӰеһĲƺᵽһ˿Ϣƺ򵥡
ȥһӣұ㿪ʼ˼ôӳȥϧرɭϣ˵һˣһֻӬҪɳȥôסҽع۲ţ
ʱԽãԽеԮĳɶһֱмӣȴ˿иȻһǰȫģһ̺ܾܿ촦ˡ
ڸһǿ߶ģֻʼ޷ȥ԰ţε졣
԰ľƻķйȰţһƬСԣ׼طȥȻһ˵ǰ̸ʶض㵽԰еļɽͷ
⼸ڽɣּһڣٳݾҪǨвǨߣնס֪οģ
һˣĻĳɶ
쵤ЩСԱʿ뿪ü꣬˭ҹĸСǨҪԹصˡĻ˵˵ռ˷˵ԨƹУֱ볤ۿ¾Ҫˣ¾ȻŲʣҵѾͷˡ
ĳɶ˵»޵ԾɫɽѲˣȻƵ
ѵĸҲ׼ƷҵĽɽ쾵۵ıô
ﰵп࣬ҪҲ鷳ȥĵطۣû滹иôΪʲôҶϲڼɽǰҪأ
⸸ɶɱ˲գ۵ǷҶ͵ǵ̸֪ᷢʲôءţϢһҲҶ
ʲôʲôһ紵ҾñһȻ磬ǿţȴ޷ƣ΢
˭ĳɶĶ쳣̾ͷˣһܵɽ棬ңҲһ£ʲô
ͷһͷҲһԲͷ̯֣Ц˵ֻڴ֪Żǲţ

˭33(1)

ɪĳɶ̲סЦƺЩŰɣ
ǣ΢Ц˵˵ľʵŻţǾͿȥˡ
ĳɶûٿڣüͷҡ
һԵĻ˵ˣɶǺˣ
ĳɶ½ύѡ
½ύѣ̾䣬ѡĻһҿԽԽͿˣݲҲлظҿǸϸ
ĻҲźۼشеķɷֻĸݣɫۣ½ü͸¶һ˫ĿӥɫĮȷ۵ơ
ĴˣҲǼϸ֮ԻĽʶǻԵɺϣҴֱɣҡûкĻէֵɱΪµҲֻ׸ơвˣҲǲʶʵ֮ˣҼĽ֪֮飬ص߾ȫһ֮
Ŷɶһ֮ĻĿʵ֪Ҫ
뵱ʼѲǧݡɷˡ˿ȡ֮ЦһĴǱ֮֮ӣʱڳСᱡӡ֮ƣʱضҲǳ־뵱ʼʽĴȴΪβȥ
㾹Ȼ˵˴治ĻҪôĻһ˦ӣװŭ֪ƾղǼ仰ҾͿ
ҵȻֻ֪Щ²졣꣬ɱҲ١ĻıҪɱɱˣõôϻôаЦǹƽ˵ţֽ޵Ӣ۲¹ԭĴĽƹܵĽС޼Ю޵Ծе˶߶ɳɾ֮ҵαҵĳأ
Ю޵ԾеĻۣ֪繫кߣ
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벻繫ӻƷ֡Ļ²豭ؿң˴ֻˣлֻ˵
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ţ繫Ӵ˼ƿСĻֵ˵ͷ򣬲δȫҺ
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ȻָĳɶȻ֮⻹йūˣ彡£봳빬̸ף
Ļһɫ
˵ҲѣǼū˾κƹܡκһˣΪõ³ţԲר˾ְ֮ҵͷ豭ֻҪЩ߽κϣȥ˵ŹūԾɫڻ֮ʱȻĻֻҪЩūһţ޺֮ǣ빬ţǱ練ˡ
ЩڸУδţΪЩ֪ϸĳɶһϲ֮ɫ£㲻óű֪£ò˳档
⡭һ⣬ëôǸĲˡֻ̰ͼһʱڿʲô˵ˣȫû˼˵࣬ѲҪĳɶΪ塷ˣԲŶľ˽ôǡкϡ棬뵱꣬¡Уδ®Ҳ֪֮¡ȻȣľҶٻ֪һЩġ
ݡƱ硭øĳɶ۾Σյ𣬡ԭΪֻոǿʶˣȻı
ҽ֪붼˽ֻϣܶԽеĨɫһݣôüֵĽĪǾжĥɱ¿ɱô
ҵȻû˼ҷҵվһ˴ϻ۵֡ĳɶȻЦҹȻûпˣȷʵǸɶõ˲š
ǺǡҸЦĽˣ޵ܣ˲Ŷֿµ𡣡Ҹղ˵ô࣬޷ĸɱ֮ģƺҵƿС˻ɱңҲƲߡ
Ȼ˽⣬Ǳһͬ¡ĳɶһЦ־ξ٣Ҷаһֻǲġ
Ļ̾ɶԷ繫ӵĲǣ빬Ӧò
ңţáұǸӶҼйûƴǵأ˵ϣҲɲҲӦֻÿЦŵͷﳤ̾һˣ
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š־ƷûҴ˻ͦ˧̲סͭҳƨһ
׼ô⴫ĳɶĽ
ˣˣæشӦţæųȥԼǹĵģվһߣȻй
ţ·㴩ܺÿɫĶӣĵӰ𪿡Ρĳɶң۾Ӣ˲Ů˿˶̲סԡ
Ůˣһ㶣⻰ƺ˵òԡ
ŶĳɶЦǣ˵ˣӦ˿˶Ķԡ
˿˶ԣüǾˣҿûж֮񱡣
ҲûСĳɶִҵļ򣬵ͷҡ
ĳɶץҼۣĿ̫أĵЩĪʲôܣҲδ¶κ֪Ůӡ
ţҲźۼر֣ܿʱˣǳɡ
áĳɶջ֣Ҳûٶ˵ʲôתǰ·
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⻰˵ͳˣΪס¥ʮӴ󣬷ֶ࣬Կر࣬ǧŮ̫ס棬⹬Ů̫࣬ԵģȫǵС֮ˣһڣұ㲻ȥ˵ĵطԽԽҲ˸ȥɨƾ֩Ĵڡһҹ䣬гȺĺϴ˺ҧУҹݣЩŮ̫ɹе˵乬￴ħе˵ڳ֣˵û֣Ѳ⣬һʱ֮ľսĳɶ˵ϢµĶȻҲʲô֣һ뵽ֵ֮д̿͵˻乬ǾˡҲҵ־˵ĹԺзְֶפܷסЩ̫๬Ůģֹҥɢҵּ⣬ȥѡ꾫׳ıʿȥڸĹפءҹİ࣬滻
ԭˡౣౣ쾵ۻңȡţֽ硣
ôĳɶͷҡ
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ǡӶˡ㡣ĳɶ磬ϡ
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ԭ쾵ˣ
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쾵۵ɴ۾һգգң͵ңƵһ̫ϵĹƣҲһ᲻ֽۣסҵ򢣬ڵϸտšǼ˹ò˼۹ضңʵ㣬㡭˭
˻̲סһ򢱻ʹסֻ̧ܱͷ쾵۶šҾЩ裬Ҫ־̫ˣʹ亹ֱû뵽ɫͿĻʵ۾ȻôֲƿǸһȭ˿Ҳֻ֣ܿܰQţԼȻѾǹˣ°ټƯ
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칬ԭ乬쾵۴üƺ˼ʲôȥѲ˼ɡ
˼һ쾵ڽ빬ʮӴǰǹԷԷʮԺʺסڷ˺θסһԺ쾵ȻҹҹҺ󹬣ȴޣһ㶼˯ǰ˼ȻŸ빬Ҳ֪ϸȥ޹˷˼
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쾵һߣȺŮ̫ȻҲ̸뿪ˡ
ղһֱù۹ⶢҿǸ̫ͷؿһۣȥˡ
㶵ؿ쾵һǰԽԽԶ޷Ӹղŵлع
̫ˣȥ˼ǱӦһǾ͸ˡĳɶβסϵ˷֮飬ҵļ硣
ǣǣǡҸЦȴһҲ˲ֲԤͷܾʲôطԾҪҾ˵ﲻףҲȻ
ˣôʲôµҲֻһһˡ
¡ˣããѩڿз裬ҶϡԵĻԲݵϣѹһѩɽһƬžķżֻʣ֦ѩѹϵ
쾵Ҳ֪ʲôаȻ˵ҪŴԡʵ۳־ȻҪбҺĳɶ˫ﲢУŴɽǰĳɶʱָ·⣬˵Ц˺óһ·
ȻǰһĺڣǿʼԵźšųìڲݴԡҴҴţвʱߺ߹ߺ֮һʱ֮䣬ɽҰЩŵĶﶼֵشɢӳ

˭34(2)

еòˣһһ㣬µ׷缫ԣҵ˼ɱ
ݡŹһڲݴڵһֻá
ݣҴǰһ첲ĶʰֻӡҿҲһ˦־ֱӵı
ĳɶӺϣ޵ǡ㲻ֻˣǰöˡ
ҲͷЦĽ̵зҿɲĳɶƨҺĳɶڹѲ飬ıٱ֮⣬µʱһдաĳɶ䡢ȭǹˣϸĵؽ̵ңޱؽһڣҲʮĵȥѧһʱѧɡ
ĳɶϷԵԽԽˣһʱԺҶĶˡ
ͽн̻ͽܣʦȻ֪ԼܴӮĳɶ⻰һ̲סЦǿԸҵģҿû㡣
ȷʵԸģû˱ҡĳɶ˹ͷңͬʱұƺ§סҡ
һżһͷһڣұɵض㿪ĴˣЩӺǵദʱֵңʱһЩܵľٶҲ²͸ͬʱ־Щ¡һֱҿýģҸûܵĻᣬֻӲͷƤһһ졣
Ҫٽҽˡĳɶ׷ҳɶ
ɶһأֱ̫ˣҲ̫ˣζвڵġ
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ҡԥţ֪λشкȻһ
Һĳɶ̧ͷһֻһֻӥӿӹ
һ׷ֻӥ̽ļң׼ȥ
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˵͸绤͸Ϊһ֮͸ʲôĪǻҪͬ⣿쾵۵ɫ˲ʱ绤˵͸㣬Ǿˡ
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վ쾵ߵĴ̫Ц˵½ҹ£绤ȥ塣
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쾵Ȼʱҹȥûһҹʲôͼô
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˭35(1)

Ҵ룬˼ȥ
¹ҹվŵĳ¹ʩ쾪ضҵǸ̫ࡣڹʸˣΪѾ̷쾵ʮˡ
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Ҳ˼ȴǵһοûΡҴվţû뵽Լڲ֪У߽Ƕݻʷ¡
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ʱȴһԱĵش̫״æǰȥ裬ȴôҲס˷˷Ƶֱܵ쾵۽űߣ־౾ʧʹޡ
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˵廹СġǵˣҵȻİСȴƱ磬־ͨī쾵ʮֳ谮ȥ棬ȴùţΪǻʹеˡȻݾ빬̫ࡣ쾵ۼģԽس谮
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⻰ĵ׾ˣ쾵ۻûлӹ˽´Ƶĳ̶ȣǵ᷸ͬһëǾ٣ҲΪ̫ȥ޷һУһзȫ⣬нʣһͷȻΪ͵˼ȤĹĹˣֻҪһϢд棬ҪС
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쾵۴ЦԣԹ塣ضñ͸
ҡ⻰٣Ұ۾ھУ˽ԲңȻҲ޷͸ơ
쾵۳֪̾Ϊʤֻʹɡ
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ǺǡȻһЦһתȥĳɶڼɽЦؿҡ
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ǰȫȫˡиòŮʾӦֳţȻĳɶߵǰ٩Ǻǡҿ飬ƺĶӡ
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ԭˡȻ˾¿ͨУӦ˭ȥأ룬кȻһӰǾддﲻ֮󽫻һ˰ε빬ס쾵ۣһ첵쾵Ӧԡ˵һ⡣
ҿ˵ҿдȥ˵κϰɡ
дĳɶһ㶣ô
ҵͷ³ȣɣһ˵ɴ¡
ĳɶ¶ϲɫã㣬ʱұ㽫
šƽشӦţȴ˴㣬ȵĸӴɱ쾵۵ʱ򣬹һңʱ˭˵ңҾͳѰ߰ɡţ̧żͥȥ

˭36(2)

ĳɶ߱ߺ˵ţ˵ܶɹӣںʯش䣬ַͻϮɱã߸ھƲɵ
ţȷʵвŻδõǡΧκԡ֮ƣⳭϮʯӪʹתʵȴǹؾȺʯӡ˸ãǳɴߡҲΪȻ˵߸ڲһ˵£ǵõľɲɱþǲ֮٣һض½ʿġµĻƣΪռ˶¾ˡ
ĳɶĵʵ˵ܲյߣ
ţұôһʣȻףˣ˵̫ˡЦΣǣ˵Цѣֻǹܸãǳɴ֮ˡ˵ˣû㡢δ֪ı죬֪˭õ£
ôս˵̫ԭԨѹ³ӶҲСĳɶҲû׷ʣת˻⣬˴ԨĴ˵ıԹˣӢ·ǳҾһ·ֱȡºӶ˵ô
ҡҸת˻𣿵ҸԣǸҸ𣬡û˵
ʵ֪ξֱȡΪһ³ӶȻͲսԨǲ·һ·ֱȡһ·ΧӶȻڳݺ󲻾ãӶؽȥȻͿͶˡ
žͻͳ˧ϱս֮УȺƽܡ񼽨¡䡢ܡˡϳѦ꽵ȸһۣѫΪȨƵ۵춨˼ʵĻƶϣķչһж֮С
񡭡̧ͷŷ׷ѩҲѩôʲôأǷ񻹼ǵôһأ
ӲôĳɶҺȻԲеʵΪɫ˲԰ף
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ĳɶһ߸ҵıһοţûˡûˡ
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ҡſҡֽ̻ţΪʲôһ˲ͱ˹죬Ҫʹ˦ȴһϤĸ߼ŮŵؽţӴ绤Ľ˹컯֮§һôһ£
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Ҳ̧ͷ⣬ɫһһƾ˹ֻžһҵͷȵƫһߡ
һĴʹһתͷݣһǶȹȥģתһ룬һǿ
ݵЩ̫๬ŮҲŵˣеһĮؿţмЦ϶¶ͬɫ
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Ҳϡһ˵߳ŭұĹ㣬´ΣҲƤ˵գػˣһȺ̫͹ŮҲȥ
ҿţֻЩ죬׵òĳɶæͷ鿴ҵƣˣһӣǱָ׻ˣϣ°̺ۡô
ǺۡҡҡͷҺţûһƷǵðҴͷɡ
ĳɶ̧ҵϸؿţƣҲ裬˳ƺЩ͡
˻һǶ⣬ȷҶ𣬽һˡʵҲǸŮӣֱӸһ¡תͷ㿪ĳɶ֣Ҫ֪Ů˼ս⽣ӰûѪɺӣȴпᣬνǹ׶㰵ѷİ
ĳɶʵ⻰㵱һҲԹ
Ů˼սֻˡŮ˽Ϊ˶սζԵЩ޴ΪʹӮˣҲֻܵõǸ˵Ƭ̳谮ǻˮ绹һս̾ЦŮ˶ԸˣŮ˶ԸŮˡҶŮˣŮֺοΪŮأѾ̫ˣôٸ˺ۣԾίҲ᲻һްʱġŮ˺οΪŮˡǸʶԺ󹬵Ů˵ԡ
Ů˺οΪŮˣĳɶЦеŹ֣Ůô
ҡֻǴȷҵȻˣ֪ԼһС˵©죬Ѿ˵ڣҲղˣȢޣһҪȢƽ⡢ʼɵŮӡ
ȢޣҪȢһ˫ȫľɫˣĳɶ˫ĿƵؿңԸȢ
˫ȫľɫˣЦˣûŮӡ
ĳɶͷңûУǰһô
ٺ١˵˸òҰɣңҿˡҸЦ˵˵ˣŮӣòҲ̫ͨˡ
֪ͨôò⹬еŮӣûһ˼㡣ĳɶ˫Ŀ͸¶ΣյϢŮӣҶҪõ㡣
ҵ̫ŹˣǾԲ˿˸е񡭡һ󾪿ϮҵͷĪǣĪʶҵŮ
ңҡ֧˵˵ЦˡҪȥѲ˼ˡ
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ʱյĵһգǺһȹģʮꡣ
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ʱյĵڶգǺһȹģʮꡣ
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ˡһ󼱴ٵҵ˼Ҷ˶񣬲ſʵ˭
ҡĳɶͳ
ôæҹˣѾ˯ˣûʲôҪ£ذɡ
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ô˻ּ⣿֪СסִⲻţǿӲ
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һ㡭ĳɶһģĶͷҵļϣֽȦסҵ
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ʹҵıصײڵذϣѹ棬ҽѹ¡
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ĳɶȻ֣ҵ˫һۣ
ſңҵͺһţѹҶʱá
ĳɶૻǡ
㡭һݣ׹ûк

˭37(1)

Ҫ㡭ĳɶȵϢҵĴƺҪճɻҽסҵ˫֣ڶӣѰ˫ȼ̽ȥ
뵰ŭһ͵̧ȣϥȼ䡣
ĳɶûϵһôһƺһʹر۾ûſҵǯƣȻѹϡ
ҪҡǾ͹ֲˡĳɶ˫ۣһ˿еֻб͵ҵǰץȥһѲҵ½ѱȫ˺¶Űɫš
ס֣Ҿֵصͽгµĳ˲Ҳ˺ѣס֣
Ҫѣ˵ŮӣҶ᲻һҲҪõ㡭ĳɶĴָҵǰ׳˶彫ҽѹ͵ذ֮䣬ȱϥǿж
ѵҪַôֻȥҵôҲҪ侲侲Ҫ侲һа취ġҲͣƽ־Ӳѹȥͷת
ĳɶһָҵӣһ߷ͷңۿĴҪѹҵŤͷ㿪һʹ̫еײ֮šתҼײ򢡣
ĳɶһֻ̧һ
ˣҳ֣һϵʱɲǼ䣬ܻ潫ȼˡ
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ĳɶüϵޱȥǻƱͲ󣬺ܿͱˣعĿ쳣ȵؿң͸¶װ׵
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Ҫǰˡ֪ҲĶ֣ҽʹԼƽ뾪ͷˣȴ¡
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Щƺסˣű΢΢
һԵ̲סľҽϽȻŵ˫˷׷˺ܻǶ֪䵽ĳɶе˾Բա
ȣĳɶһӶеֽۣǹصɱһоЮ֮Щ˺ɨȥ
˸Уǰͷļ˻ûô£ͷѾ뿪塣
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ĳɶֽնƲɨЩˣ֮Ѫɣֻ˲Ĺ⾰ϾͶѪ֫ϱۺмĿ̶á
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æˣܹ֣֪ˣ̻طȥ˵꣬ҵתȾߡ
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ʱҵĽŲĽкԶǺתȥ
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ѽһƿ˽ȥٽŹϡеȻʰʮ࣬Կóܾ˾סˡ
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ǽϹһеŮһСֻüԶ죬ˮ޳ۣεĴ̣ѩԲյƽ۲ҡҷɵߵˡͷ߳߳ķٰ˿һһƣɢķ˿⻬УһƳķ˿ƮƮȥסҵҵۡҵֱҵꡣؿţ޷˼޷о޷һĪϢؿڡ
⻭ϵŮӺҳüһģһҪ˵ʲôطһǾһ˫ĳüһ㣬ȴб޵üȻǳƣ֮Ļ欵ˣͶɹƻǴ׵ζѧġ
Ҵţ䲻Ժһ󽣷Ϯҵͷܹͷȴ˲ʱƮɢ
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ǣΪǻ񣿡˻ǽң˫գҲգǷһģ
Ҿһ㶼񡭡С͵ס˿ڣԼɢŵĳӲҪ˵ˣҲû˻šϵŮ롢ˣһߵ˼ֻҪ˿¶޷ֵջ󡣶Ҿֹ³ԸţһСӣûпɱԣҺԽԽ񡣡㿴ǻֽˣЩˣǻϵңҲʮˡ
˵ҲǡҲ̫˼ˡһۣתͷ˿ǻľˣĪ˵˼䣬Ҳңһˣ˫ÿɫ۾˿ҵȴ٬Ʒŵԡ
Ŀ̫ʱЩ죬ͷָָҲϵĽǷǵ˵ô
ŶʧˣǺˣΪڴˣһæջ˽ҷҲôΪҪң
ǡҡǹǴ̿ͣ⻰ӦŶ԰ɣҵͷʰڵϵͷͷմЩҺۣǺˣΪҹ빬ɱϣ͵б
ǹԥƬ̣ſڴ㻹ǽʱҸĲΪС´ŭȫҲұɱֻһ˽һҴ˴빬Ϊ˱𡣡
ΪŲ񡭡ֲ̧Եҷ˳ָĲƮɢҾȵطǺ˵оȻһ˿
˫ֱͫһҰԹâĳ
վΣڵϦҵͷҶʱЦãѰ˼ǲǸøѵȻһʱ׷鲻㻹ǸϽ߰ɡſڣȥ٣Ǳл˳ѣҪԼ컯ˡ
лˡҲлתҪߣȻͣͷңɷ֪һлټô
·ǰһˣҺôҲľˣɷҿӣ
ǡЦŵɷ·ڸңбԼɡ
ˣˡЦţȻνȥ
㣡˾ؽһһ㣬תá
Ҳƣһ󣬳ڰ˻Ȼûдȴĺڽ
ǷӣŨŨĽüһ˫ĺɫͦıĴߡȻǸΪӢӡ
ꡭ̲סڣ㻮ҵͷǾ㳶ƽˡ
㡭ͻɱҲ˽
ȰòҪҿܲĶ֡սʣϾؿڼ֮ڽƷҲǲܵġһߣˡ
㾿˫ĿԲЩ⣬ȴĸΡ
ֻ֪빬ĿġЦؿʵ㲻˵Ҳ֪ţû´Ӧͻˡ

˭38(2)

˵ɫһ䣬ȴûڡ
ɫ࣬ͻ˵߱Ŀɫ֣ȷʵԭʿ˶֪յὣʵǲһġȻõǽղŵһȴðεķ˽ĹƲǴ̣ұü˼˵ͻ˹䵶ǵص㣬أȴ굶ᱡյƺͱͬӦ˵ýΪݣϧȴãʵ䷴
أʱҲƽؿҡ
СһȺͻߵˣǲŻ᲻ϧڻѡͻʺоķкܶͻʵϣҵʱ£ͰЩ϶˸飬ԶͻʲİͻΪͼڣϲڱͷϻͷղתʱҿϵһǻƽ죬Ϊͻʹһ͡Ҫ־ֻܹ̫԰ڣŰʱѻƽϵϣű¶Լݡ
һ£ȻЦˣ㵹֪ú㲻ٲ²Ҵ˴빬Ŀġ
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ˣ׵ģˣϷ绤˲ۿ˵ʵҵģԲԣ
ȻˣϲģǴҲˣҡҺȻס˿ڣΪҷĽԽԽڡ
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˭39(1)

¡ءץҵĸ첲ҿһȻӵؿԣԣ㲻Ǳ¡ء²Ҫˡף㣬㲻ǡſţкȻһĨ⣬漴һҧִߣ㣬㣡㣡
˻㡭Ȼݵ󣬵ǱҲͦ۵ģ˦˵һʱȻû⣬ֻš
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㿴Ƿˣʺûһش𣬾˵߳ߣ⻪ɼ޾סǳºİ
ҴһҲʷı˰ҾȻһŮơ

˭40(2)

ľòֹǳº¶´ƽҪشϧӱȴնˣջûܵõʺҧгݵ˵ΪºճԲ¹ƼĴǻˮ
ǣΪʺ֪ˣȴҲ˵Ļº֪ȡգҲĽɽ̲סЦ˻ãԼ˻¡ҪŮˮνջˮЩΪԼʧҵĽڣɳܵӦǡŮ˶ŮˣҪżŮˣôܿջŮԼ
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ҳĬһˣʺи⣬֪ʲʣȻô˵һֱ˵ˣΪʲôȥأҺʺнʹڹż棬Ҳֻ΢Цʩѡ
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ĳɶȴܲˣͷͷҵģ˴δ¿ɳɣԸΪô


˭ 岿

˭41(1)

Ϊޣ̧ĳɶЩظĻЩ겻ɫ΢΢죬أеĹâ
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ƽһ飬ȴĳɶҶްŮ⣬ԣֱ¶ǵİҶϣҺ֣֮ƫƫ
ҰûӦĳɶЩˣҼϵֺս˵
һûлشأԳԼ˼СҲʺ˵öԣȷʵ˽ˣǵ̬ԳԼΣյľءӲӲɻͷѪܾˣǧΪваɡ
ǡ㷽Ҳ˵ˡ˴δ¿ɳɡʱδɣδˡЦһȴ˴˽ˣٻشô
ĳɶãҲԸٵˣҴ˿̱ҪõĻش𡣡
˵Ӣۣػᴴǧ﹦ҵҪҼڽޣҲûоܾɣɷҵδɣΪңЦ˵Ƚ˴ҵΣ
Īúûңĳɶңҳ˴£㶨ô
⻰ģǾԲ޸ġȵĸӴ쾵۵λʱӰˣֱǶټˡȻ룬Ͽ϶˵
ǸƶŮӣСģҪһλķҼ治ɫѣʱҵδɣףδЩװɣ
ããá㣬˭ҸԸءĳɶ˵˼ãҴͷϸϸһ飬ƺڿҵĻжٿŶȣĩˣ̾һҵִ󲽳ǰͥȥ
ɻȥˣҰ˿ʵҪȥ
¾㱸ֻǷ硣ĳɶŲҶ˾¿ͨټҸо룬ֻԴ壬ʹ˱ضЭǴ±ضɳɡ
šҵͷһͬȥˡ
صĸĳɶưתҴƫƧá
Žãͷѹѹȫˡ߽Щһ߿˵ɫ޶ȣʹ֣֮ǵȥȣΣǨͼ֡ҵȸǰȥѲΣ¶Ҫ磬СҲˡĽĴ壬죬ָҵȸʹҵȲǵ֪֮࣬ǷԸӺٴ£
̧ͷȥ˵˾¿Ǻÿڲţһ鲢ï˵˵ˣ
Ȼڱʿ˵ҵ꣬ҹ˼飬»ӹ޵ҵȿѲ֪ʱܵͷϾٴ壬ʹҵȵԻ磬ΨǴӣǣ
Ľ繫ӡʱ˾¿˼ĳɶ˽æ
ʩϣѣֱ⡣
޼Ѯ¡ʱٻΪţӦࡢͨһ·ʹΧסɾסҪ֮ȷһʧ
ٻΪŹȻĿǻǷᾪعأʵ
˾¿üţҵδ뵽
˼״Ҳͷ
Ϊأĳɶͷҡ
ҡұĿ˼˵쾵๼峯ҲǴƲƺЩסתһ룬쾵۳ٳٲһ˵ʹҲ׼ƣջ˻Ʋġ
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ĳɶ׵ţ˵ǱٻΪţȽʹΧ΢ʱپһɱ빬ȥʱ¹ūѱųʿѱȰɢǹûмˡ
˾¿ǵͷҡͷʢ¿ԶޣǧرʿζԸأ
⡭˻һۣһĬ
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šǡͷǡ
벻繫ᣬȴ꣬һ֮γ²ɣ˾¿ȭ񣬡Ľ˵ˣһȥԲȫиˡ˵գתˡ
Ľ繫ӣҲˡͨҲ𣬹ʩ˱
˳ȥĳɶȻסңǰ
ôˣ£̧ͷûӦһëǱҵĶϡ
ĳɶͳҶƶ̣ƾ棺סˣ³ɵգҵõ֮ʱ
֮ʱڹߣÿζСĵرܿ쾵ۡȥұ˵岻ʣʱ˵ʺ˵ĸ֮ⵥദ
ʱ÷ɿ죬ת۱㵽£ĸԼˡ
ҽƷյٴӹóһװ²ɵ̫ĳɶһҪڹеҵȻûôҴȵҹʱѾʹʱбضңŮ̫ģضҳһţʱһ̫·ǹ֪سӳȥ
ˣˡ㻻·Ȼ
˭أһ㶣ĳɶ˵£ڲŹʱôҰɣ
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վľȻһ£Цʣôˣô
֪绤һҪȥѲˣ伢˵ű߽ڣе̷ϡ
ЩӣҺѻúˣʱЩҳԣö֮ҲϰΪˡ
šóԡ̻ʵسţԽԽҲ¡
ˣǸųţ˼Ĺ䣬һѾ빬УһŰҲΣաԥҪʾܰȫرܹⳡֻţʵҺȻ˵ȥˣΪҵİȻˣһ˲һҲˡ
㣬ʲôҷǣŬԼ£ΪʲôΪʲôҪң
ҵ˼Ǳ£Ǳֵؿңس˱ƴҡ֣ңǡ
£һݣ쾵ָʹģ
⴫Ц쾵۴ЦŶ룬ƻҲӳ޵ģ
ȴȥֻתͷΪʲôҪң㲻ǡ㲻ʺô㲻ϲôĻںû˵
ߣʺĸΣʲôһӶֻǸūšϲ㣬ȴϲңҲܻȢҡȴҪʵĻЩŤ׸˱£ܵõңҲܳΪӣٻҲؿ˵ɫˡ˵ţߵ쾵ߣĻУ£ū˴󹦣Ҫʲôʹѽ
ǡ쾵۵ͷ촽һ£ģ޲˴Ӧ£޾ּΪ楡
ūл£æؿͷл
ȥɡ쾵۲ٿֻ˰֣ʶȤȥ
ŵһĲҩܷסѨ֫ҧƵԣģʶ쾵תѲܶң粽򴲣ҷĴϣҪѵؽޡǣû˻ˡ
أŬƽ飬ɫʡƿҵĴ൱Σգ쾵۴ӲϹҿ׶༪ˡ
㽫Ϊҵˡ쾵ڴ£ֻ̽ҵ׾ͽ⿪ҵ
򴽵һֶ֮εõһŮӣЩôȻ濴ƺһģʵҸѹֲסĵ׷µĿֻšĬ̫ķĿھϣõѨԵֽŻ
쾵۵̽ҵ½죬ҵĳۣѵΣ޲˶㣬ŽޣҲԹҸӡ
ҸӣǡʲôӶ˵Ҹģĵţʵҳһšһ뵽Լܻᱻ쾵ǿҾ̲ס£ͬʱӿģҪɱ˵ǿ
Ҹӣ쾵һޣҲйҸӡֻϧ
ɣȫǺ˵ţעôҸô
ǰõŮӣϧ쾵۹ȻͣϵĶ˵ϲΪȴĽ֡
Ҽ֣ͣңҲٴȫע
Ҫ㡭쾵ۺȻĦҵ˵һź۾Ƶ˿뿴ǷҲһ˵ţʼֽҵ¡
ѾȫˣȻãһǲٺɣȫŴǿסĵĸоĿϬ絶
쾵۷·ûпɱ˰Ŀ⣬ǳҵʵң۵ʣµֻ֬ԵңƵҵҪ⿪ǰİɫ
㣬ΪʲôΪʲôҲпź룿쾵ۺȻס֣ɴңƵĽҴӴץֱҵ硣
ôȻʣȴûΪҵŬһЧͨȫֽ΢ܶˣڿ˵¾ͻǰ
˵ѽ쾵۷Ƶҡң˵Ҫ˵
ľٶصӰңüͷûпڻش
¡¡Ȼ¹££ūŹ绤ɡ
쾵۴ʱ˵ȵ˭ģ޹
£¹һеغţȻײŽˣŹϣڵϿ޵££ҪִԲˣĪ˵ô
ꡭꡭ쾵γѣ͵طſңӵ¹㣬˵⾿ôһ£
ꡭ¹뿪ڣֻ顱һٴαײҷתͷȥſŸߴˡ
ĳɶ
쾵һʵĳɶΪڴˣ
ĳɶЦŷʣǡ£Ϊβڴˣ
㡭쾵۲뿪ڣ㱻һͻɧҴˡֻһƬӵĺ仹ҲĽŲ̧ͷȥԶ˸źĻ⡣
ǡ쾵۾δи̫££Ѿң췴ۿžҪˣ
ʲô쾵۴󾪣׷˾䣬Ѿ
¡漴̫Ĳҽһ춯ˡ
ʲôˣ쾵۾ѣֽһ˰شޣˣ
Ծһ˿ҲûС
ǡ£ٽˣû˻ġĳɶЦ߽쾵ۡ
㣬Ī췴쾵۵ɴ۾ĳɶ
ߣ췴ĳɶһס쾵۵ۣ£⽭ɽҲûˣ
㣬㡭쾵˦ѣĳɶĶ֣˼£ֻͽ޹
ǻĳɶ⺰һֱһӣ㽫쾵Ƶ⣬һԵĳ¹Ҳͷ
һȺֽᵶıʿӵְ˽ŵذ쾵ۺͳ¹ˡ
ĳɶϣǰӣ߷ߵصͺһ䣺ˣ֪ž͸øǻȭ
ȴ˵ʲôмĻΪʱǡǰǡȸղźò˶١ϵȻǺܹؿĳɶ˸ŵӰ
ҵˡĳɶ⿪磬жף§סҵͷҵľҵĲӣ˺ұͲƵ·
ҵӻǺ飬Ȼˣ޷ƿֻŽȴţֻһ
šôˣĳɶܲԸ̧ͷңͳɳƵʾĲá
ʲôŬԼƽûҵԸǿҪңǻΪʲôͬ
ǰ˵³ɵ죬ҵõ֮ʱĳɶӣңѳɣҵ˻ʵۣұȵ̫ӣ̫ˡֵܿǰΣ˻ʵۣҲʺⶼ㣬㻹ʲôģ
ǡʺ󣿽йϵĻʺ󣿡ʺͷΪʲôô̲סЦϲңͲó֮ΣʱǿҪҡ
ĳɶεʵ㾿ҪȫĽң
䲻ʲô֦ҶҲ˼ҵŮҲ˳Ҫҳ£Ҳϡ˵أͷתҿ˵ĸ֮ý֮ԣҪȢңеһҲ١
ã֮˽ᣬұȥף㸸ĸҡĳɶҲתʵңЩңס֣
ҡﰵЦȥҼףⱲӶûˡʵҺףҶĳɶްŮ飬Ҳһ壬ҸͲҲܼ˼һ£Υ˵ΪľΪܣԸľֻǸͨŮӣУҲҸ÷иҵĺãһԣҲϣҵԸ

˭42(2)

ĳɶе𽥽ʣֻʣ֮ɫ˵ĿĻ
šҵͷסʵҾڶģĳɶҴ⣬ʱŹҡ
ãҶ㡣ĳɶĬһ£ڴӦˡվ۶ؿֱϵعɰ۵׺һĨ⣬ҵ½󣬽ҵĳá
ߡĳɶʰڵϵ磬ҹ˸ʵᱧ󲽳ȥ
ȵȣҵĶҵĿתĹӣҵĳͱͷ
ЩҪҲաĳɶͷ˿Ұ̾һ˹ȥȻңԺڳ򿪹ţȡһ
Ҫȥ̲סһ䡣
ȥ˼ǻĳɶҿ첽ߣһ·Ͽ̫๬ŮĴӴܣӵӣĶ㣬Ѱ·֪ȥ򡣶ĸӴЩʿеڹţеæŵȥ鳭ʹһš
˼ĳɶҲǰֻվ˺ͷ̧ۿȥĻͷڣۣ룬һɱö֮ϣžƽ֮ʱç֮ʱĶ׿ܲ٣һҪıλģ˾¿ִͨУԡʿ֣ɱųɺüУΧסɱڣЩˡ
Щץסɡ̳ڵϣŵõսľһţ˵һ仰
쾵һԣǺ侲ĻҪʲô
ĻʤȻЦݣ£ڽʿ˼УƫƫǵĿദӲҪΣǨΪѲų²ߡ
ҪعУ޴Ӧ˾ǣαˣ쾵һ㶣ҲãҲлؾʦ֮⣬̴ּ⣬̻س
ĻЦѱԨݣ˵⻰Щô
쾵۳˵շҪɱô㵹˵˵к
µʮ״ܵϭж˵ײдǰһ˵½ѲβͣݳޣԶôϲ˺ӣ˰ʹ࣬Թ𣬵˺УЩ鳼δ֮ԣŪ˴ϻǲϣ
쾵۳Ĭһ󣬲˵ȷʵи°գڽɽ𢡭ЩˣȴǸٻΪ߱λ֮£˭ͷ
࿴жݵĳĬ
£ͬԹ˵£һ˵˽ԹĻЦˣ²ƽߣֻһл¡
㡭쾵˵Ȼޣ˻ͷһֻʿ쾵ʮСӡ˽
꽻ֻǸӣǼƻıʿһ·ţŵ޲ֹֿô൶ŵúޡ̧ۿ쾵ֿۣĸʣۿžҪܵ쾵ߣд֣γ䵶䣬꽿ɱȥǺӣһʡг촦ˡͷ­ڵϹȦͣ쾵۽£Ѫɽȥ쾵һ
쾵谮ĶӣͻȻɱǰôܲʹ쾵۵Ǿҵس鴤ţ˫ĿԲ˸⣬治ΪһŹƬ̱סдãС޹ΪҪɱ
Ϊ޵ĶӣһҪд˵ߣ޹еģֺֹһС
쾵쳤̾˿޽շ֮֡
ĻƤЦⲻЦ˵ţѰ˵գһ֣ҵıʿҪǰȥ쾵ۡ
ʹͷ쾵Ȼʧǣһ˦䣬ԷӣѪɽڵضʹһ󺵣οӣ
ĳɶʱȥ˵£ԲѪ
㡭쾵ۿұĳɶڻɲĳɶſ޵Ů
ŮˣҵŮˣҵģĳɶͷش쾵۵Ļ˾¿һʹɫЩ̻⣬ǰһƣ쾵ڵء
дó׼õһɰ籣쾵۵Ĳϡ
ΰƾչӦ顭쾵֪ȥԼ˴αɣδĿ̹Ȼ
ʺһֱԹţΣʱ̣ϾǼʮķޣڣҲ಻סǰȥס쾵ۣʹޣ˰ӣεȷ⣬Ͻշڼ֣֮Ǳģ檿ʹ֣
쾵ۿ˿̾һ޽ձɣڴ˱ˡ
ʺҲ˵쾵ֻǿޡ
ĻһԿòͷˣԸǣˣȥˣ
д˵󣬱ǿнʺ
ֻƴһɹˡ쾵ֻعͷĳɶ˵ĳɶһҪԴ
òű·ˡĳɶü
ĻЦ´ɷģҲϧ֮ˣЩҶưţ֣
˾¿һͷһͷд˶һۣһ
ʮĴһ˲ˡ
ǰһУƺ쾵ţĺƽνϺãżȻɫڣֻꡭǴϵ⡢ѤδݾնˣһѪصڱĻʹȻСʷȥ
Ȼ֪峯ǱȻģھУһ̲סãһʳĺȻʵħצڷŰֻʣһƬǽ壬һĿ̶õĽ֡Ļʹһķʽӭĵ
ĳɶĵͻҵ־ҡңʵôˣ
ҡҡŷ֣֪ʱԼȻ棬廹ڲͣطңҲ֪ΪʲôȻúѹ
¡ĳɶͷҵգڵϵһѳϣЪһ
쾵ۺ꽵ʬʱѱ̧˳ȥĻλߵǰҿ˺һЦ˵ȻݣҼ⹬еŮӿûһ˼㣬ɶÿŮӣɶҲ΢ػ
ףĳɶƹǰ
ɶĪţ֪ģġĻ˵ʺǰ˵޵ҵȲŽɱ֮޹أĪҪšбȨΪȴǳ񣬲ģģԸﹲٻ󡣡
̾һ֪Ļʺò뽫ռΪС
ʺüһ˵ģβҺô塣ˣȫ
ģ°ϣʧĻشЦתһһȥ鿴Щڵϵɡ쾵۹ľòŮӣĻҿȫ˹ɫǼһһЩòģԸűʿȥáͷĳɶ˵ɶҲ𼸸ȥɣ
ֻҪһˡĳɶҡҡͷ
ǡҶǸˡĻٴοشЦ˻֣˾¿ϵıʿ˵ı͸ˡ
л˵ȻϲǳȥˡЩŮжʱ޺һƬ
ҲٿͷȥȻ𣬳¹أղƺлҪ˵ӦǺҪĻҲ̧ͷڵѰӰһƳҲȺУһһʿڼϣȥˡ
ǸĻŮӣϧջ㾡ȴȻѲ˱ҵˡ
ʺǰڵϣĴ۾ʱؿңȫǿɬᡣ
ҲûбģеֻϧЩ󹬵ŮӣҪ峯ʱɥʧࡣУŮ˵ˣ͵ڴʱԣҲûôҪĴڻֻΪ֤һʳı塣
ȻһΪӢ۵ĻᣬͬҲǻŮ˵ĻᣬŮ˴ֻһһѡ
ʱŮ˲ܳΪսǣս˵ġսҲŮ
ҺԼĴҺЩŮʲôͬأ취ߣĳɶߣɲҪ̣ӡҲԸʹ
ŶֽţȻǺѾܻˡٿܣԼڴߣǾءǳˮǻˮ͹ĺͨʱֵѴڣˮļ˳ˮƯ£ѡǺðյģȻһӾһСģҺܻܿСˡ
תͷȥĸʲôδע⵽ߵĶˣҾһѣ뵽͵վϴ̨š
֪һһ⹬úܸߣǴ̨˵ҲʮףҶʱһ
ĳɶϴ̨ʧɫҪɱʲô
㲻ҪҪǹ̾ȥ룬ǧΪҶҪȥĳɶܹû״һСĿʲôǿɾˡ
ãҲȥվǶҪҶĳɶôһ˵Ȼ
ٵͷ¿ȥֻˮӰףˡֻвͣΪԼʮ׵ĸ߶ô͵ʮ̨ˡ˵ģ˵ġ
Ұһᣬһҧһգȥ

˭43(1)

ͨһУʹ׼һˤͷǡ
ûҷӦһǿˮӭ˹Ǻ˺üˮҵؿȿȿȡһҾͳȥˡ
ƴˮͷ¶ˮ棬ںš£һӾģ£ҲͣΪԼˮ
ˮʱǰҹˮǱ̹ǣˮּûζҾ;ؿڷƣ٣ѣ֫ӿʼ³
һǿˮͷ˹ֻֽǦôأҲβˣ漴㱻ˮס
ڻǰ˲䣬γţˣҸò˰ɣһӵˮŶƤһˮϡδ̫ѿˣҲ̫ԩˡ
šҳſ۾ƻϦҵŶ˶ʹֽţãֻǲˡתͷĴԼһСӱߣʪġ
㻹ûôʵǻģоЬزŪҵա
˭ҷ̧ۿȥ
ֻ˽ϴ˳Ⱦİɫѥӣ絵ĵɫۣϵɫӣͷɫɫ¡
Ͽȥ΢˫б޵ĽüһϬ۾һİÿεˣ
۾ɳĮĽǮšأޱȵצƺ׾˺ĺ
ʲôˣ üӸµؿҡ
ʵ˭
޳ɡƺһ£㵭Ӧ
޳ɣһǰӾһĺ平ǹ޳ô
ҵģʡ
ǣֻ·޳ɵ͸Ųм޳ֻɱˣӲˡԣ㲻һ㣡
ߣҺҲûҰɣﰵƵӢۺúҲôԴĿ˰ɣ󣬱˵ͲֵǮˣ
޳⸱Įı飬֪ǾԲְҵģҲͲٴѾתͷһҵıͳߣûжʧ
óŵأƵվĵسǰ֧ˤڵء
XXġޡ˾ֻ³࣬ϧ֫Ϲ˰죬ƽһôǱҰɥˣ԰ͷڵϣŲˡ
޳ʱȴ˹§ҵļ磬ץҵĸ첲
޹ӣʲôûص޳ɣҿûҪң
ߣҰȴ޳һü㲻ҰҾƫҪ
㣡Ҷʱᣬ˦֣ϧģһʹϣֻܳѳѿ֮죬ߣɽ޳ɣúôݣʲôŶˣѾͶ߸կĪҲҵĽɽ˴̽ģ
㾿ʲôˣ޳ۣϸشңȻסҵĲӣڰУ˵ʲôˣΪλҵ£
ţſҡȿȡҺòײ³仰ֽסҵĲӣҶʱ亹ֱͷγ첻ܺˣšſ
˵Ҿڴ˵Ҫһ˿ɱ¾ʣصģҾ㲻
㣬Σҡͷ㡭ϲŭ޳Сˣ
ǿ϶򲻹ҪװģҸģ֧š
㣡޳͵һ˦֣Һݺݵ˳ȥ
ҿ׼Ӳһڿط˸δأ˳һ޳˹ȥ
޳ʶسһȴվںӱߣ࣬͵һͨһȥˡ
ãҺܽţȴЩԾ޳ɾȻӾ
šֻ޳ˮиͣţȴûһ˿ȵ
ˣҪӣӢۺú书ٺãӾˮ֮أٲȥҪˣּæºȥ
þƴν޳ɣƹĲӣס򢡣
ңҲȡ޳ѾǺ˺üˮɫ̬࣬ȴȻᡣ
Ұ㣡ҵͺһ͹ԹԵر𶯣
޳ɴҲʱΣǿʤֹͣεߡ
ϣȥȰ޳ϰȥȴֽűˮݲסˣһɼֺȻ˹ʱеùˣˣֻε³ȥ
죬סҵ֣޳ɺȻ̽ӣ֡
ѽƣֻܻȥ޳̽סҵ֣Ӳק˰칤򣬺òڽϰ
ڵϣڴڵشϢţͷһ޳ɣӱҺò˶٣Ҳǲͣشں
ͳΪˡˣǿɾԩˡֿ˿޳ɣֻȫʪ͸ͷңϻճ࣬Ǿѿﻹõŵ
˺һȻЦ
ǲʶ޳ɳ֣һ¶ƵЦݣԸ⽻ô
ȻҲա
ҷҵļ磬˻վ
Ҹط·ˡ޳
áҺصͷ
ɫҺ޳ƣ۲ֻþͽ˸ʱ
޳Щľͷ֦˳˻
ʪѣܺ޳˵ţ󷽵ǰʼ½
ѵ̹ȻȴѰ
ҵΪиǰ·ߣΪԼĴ޳˵ȻˣŮôѽʪ·ȷʵܲһðգǾ͸ˡ
ţôʪѣЩ˹ɰɡ޳ɳۡȥ
һ˺ܳһʱ䣬ҵҲһӦ״İ취룬Ͱǰĳɶϵϣܴ󣬾һӣ޳ɵߣ³ۣҲȥһϽŵ£ΪؿڲŲȻ˿·ϣҲʲôֱֲ˿һСƬͿصĹŴŮˣ汻޳ɿЩʲôҲ̫⡣
ΪôԶսѿѲŸɵÿ죬ӲܿЩů޳ɿһͷЩ֣㿪ʵ
ٺٺ١ʵңҲ䰡ҧ´ܵݣŵ䡭һ㶼䡭
Ǹˡ޳ЦһҲû׷ʣˣ㾿ʲôˣ
ʵǴӻʹӳûʵ棬ĸӱƹıѱڹУʳѾˡ
ˣ޳һǺʱ£
ϡʵòˣһǿȥֽսѡ
øϽϢߵ޳ڶ˵Ȼ߸ڸߴˡ
̲סʵ޴磬߸ڻݣ
ȥ߸ұ屦ˣҲܶ¸ײܡ޳˵𣬡¿Ҫˡ
˴Ϊ˲̽ɣʵúֱӡ
޳ףǰԨռݳռǴ̽̽ʵԭҪһģʱ£ֻһˡ
ش磬ôץ޳ɴϢ
޳ɻؿңش磿ǣ
̽ͣ֡
Ŷѹ־Щ죬ԭ㡣޳ɻȻ򣬡ǸСֵܣȥҵúÿࡣ
һѾ˵ε̾
޳ɿ˿ңҲûʣûãǸĴ־ˣ׹ֻΪѡΪңúҺ
ҺЦǡһֱǸӵġ
ǣкδ㣿޳ʡ
ңһ£ǰڸȥأҪȥôܿҪͶˡǣȥȥأ
ô㲻ұô޳ɿԥһֱͣ㣬֪ƽ£ǻϲǳ
šǰദǶӣһֱֳһ΢չңʧٺôصģ飬ܶأҵȷǸȥһˣֻҪͶ֮ǰ뿪Ӧòʲô⣬ҵͷãҺһ߸ڡ
޳ɽͷ£ڸɲݶϣǱô˵ˣɫڴϢһޣٶ
šáҲȥһһҹڣȷʵ̫ˣϮܿ˯ȥ
ʱұ޳ɽѣǱˡ
ǲߵ⣬ԶԶͼһ·ƺƵ˹
޳һȻȵʵףǲǻʵõôΪλ
֪ˣĸӡҿʼҲЩɻ漴׹ѱɱĸӶҪعУֻûϵǻ˴ųˡ
ȥ޳һ֣ұȥˡ
ĵؿǰȥǳ̶һͷӴٽЩЩװصĶˡ䱦вӦоСĸӴ˷ض飬ջķᡣ
ҼǶУʮʿѺһܴһһƥֻȫѩףûһ˿ɫëɫҫ
׷磡
ǰתһ룬ĳɶǶأҺòײŴ˳һȥͶô
ôˣ޳ɼɫ죬㿪ʵ
ҵġµش
ģȻģΪβȥ޳ɼԥ༤ҶԼĶ㲻Ǵɷ򡣡
ãȥһҧҵǱ޳ɵĻŭȷʵ׷硣ֻҪ͵͵ؽ׷ȳĳɶˡ˵ˣĪһҪĳɶôҾôôţҵһ㣬ͷ޳ɣңȥȥ
ʱҲˣͣ·Ϣ
ΪֻһƥԿغиҳǼܵıʿϢʱݵسǰȥˣǱԣˢذγľ
ľܿ㱻ҿ˺üۿžҪ󹦸ˣҺȻ˴رסˣ
˭Ҵһ˺ȻϢؾǱҵֱۣⶥĸ
ȴݵضҵĹһֻֿסս֣һֻε§ҵȵϢҶ󴵷Ҿ֪ţƥǡΣҾӵ
һʱȫӲûͷҲ֪ĳɶ
ʵҡǸȦףһʱѪȣȻɵɵǸԴˮĴɵϣҲˣֻܰԼƶӣ뿪ڽͣĳɶ͵סҵҲòſеĽš֡Һʹ
ҲĻˣµ㻹ƭôĳɶҵ˫ַŤҵӣһ§סҵҽѹϣһֱȫĶ㡣أͷβû˵һ滰
ǡ˵㣬ҪʲôĳɶͻȻᱧңҾصͽг
ϲ㣬ǣⲻһԭƭĳɶҵҴǰȥˣʱ˵滰ʱ˵ٻѲҪˣ
һԵıʿȵؿǣȴһ˸ǰʻ
һƣ顱һĳɶӽУܳźë̺һǱˤͷۻ
һʹĳɶͦεѹ漴˺ҵ·
һҵֹĳɶϽĴ֣㲻˵ǿҵģ
ǿ㣿ĳɶȻס֣ȴƽýľս㡢㣬ұŵԣȢΪޣȴǷܻӦҺǻ㡢㣬ϧҲҪңʹδҷϣô
ǣҳϣƭҲԣǣ͵ƿӦǽֻ˵Ҫң̬ǿ˵ҪȢңȴδʹǷԸ⡣ˣﻹоܾأһŮӣƭüķô
ü֮⣬δϲңôĳɶ֧Ŷͷס˴ҿϲŭ
ǡô˵ˣԾͺ̯ưɡҰ׿ҧӦҶԽֻ壬Ů顣
ǡԭûа⡭һжһԸ顭ĳɶɳƶͳ̧ͷңȴù죬û֮ǰңŮˣ֮֮ȥҪʲôŮûУοˡŮ˰ȷ̫ܰ¡
ҡĳɶҪһɣʶԱץһԵȥ漴תǰˣ
ĳɶһһͷӦ飬Ĵҷɣָץסҵĺ󾱣һѽҳ˻ϢĻᶼûУصѹϣֽضסҵĲӣҶ߿ҵصͺ𣬡ΪʲôΪʲôҪңҪôҲô㣬㽫ұƷģ
û˱㣬ԼҪĳɶһץӲҵĳۣҰŪʹңǴֱУƴţȴȻֵֹֻܾصͽУҪҪ
ҲӵΣҪõҪģĳɶǴӳݷмЩͷֱҵļ羱ϿҧţָǷ̽Ѱš
أ⴫һ춯صɧлŴɱ

˭44(2)

ĽȻһʿٵĽ²ˣ
ĳɶŭһǱʿǽеи͵زҽһûˡ
ˣĳɶ漴ʶЩԣʱסֱ֣
ûлӦɱȻûͣ¡
˿ܷʲô£֮ǽҵȼü֮
ĳɶüתƿӡ
ˢһһе磬һǹӰ˽ĳɶһ㣬ձܹ
ߺˣĳɶһ
һƽȵɽ޳ɡ
ԭ޳ɸˣѸѣҲ
ֻѾһƬǽ壬ܺһЩʿʬ׺Ҷìǹⶼ޳ɵĽ
ԭСүʧˡĳɶҲŭȻʵСүյˣ֪Ϊ£
ĽһȻ鴫޳᳤ǹĳɶͷǻ񣬡Ҵ˴ǰΪģֻΪߺѡһ³çð֮¡
ѣĳɶͷһۣСүָô
ǡ޳ɵĿĳɶɨɨĽҪ
ĳɶ˫ֻأСүԴκˡ
ǡ˭ҲҪ޳¶һ˿Ц
ĳɶüǾˡѴˡ
˵ĽǲϷˣ޳ɵͷǹĵʵ
ǡĳɶһ֣ԣСүذɡ
ҷҪأ
Ҿֻеˡĳɶһ̧֣Ըҵֽ
ϵıʿ̽Ƿֽ̧
ǡ޳ЦҲã֪ǽķֽҵ平ǹǿ˵߳ʹɫ
ҵȻףѰߡĴһ£ҵĳڵϣδʰߡ
ҳĳɶע⣬͵һԾýż𳤽ٻһʣµļľ׮뿳ϡ
׷漴ɣĵȵͷҵܺãݣĳɶûп
ҹ˲Ϻˣ̷
ĳɶһ׷
һǹ磬ǹֱĳɶţƵֻɲסȥƣֽ۵һ
ĽĶҡ޳ɾǹסĳɶȥ·㶵ϣҺ㻹ߣô
ҡҴü˼ȷʵֻᳶ޳ɵĺȣҲֻԼ
ߣ޳ɼԥһ˦ǹ׷ϡ
׷ʹӷɿ
סĳɶ߽һʱһȺʿ׷ǰ
һ˦ޣ׷糤˻һһԾЩʿͷԾǰɱţܿͽ׷ԶԶ˦
סͣס׷磬ȥ
֪޳ôˣңȴֻԼȫδ̫ûˡ
ݣţҵתͷ˻ȥ
Ƕͣԭأҷٶȣĵؿȥ
ұ̧Ĵڤ˼ŶԲߣ۽ǺȻƳһԵĻġһߵʵʵźüľ䣬ŵӦöǽ鱦кȻһ֣а취ˣ
ҺܿһУٶǰͷȥԶԶأ㿴޳ɺĳɶ˸Ȼһվš
ȻԶԸоΧһǿҵɱ޳ɺĳɶȻҲɱ֮ȴʹĵսĸ֣һ֣Ǻ˵ĺ;֣Ҳ˫˶һҪǶϧ˴˵ĵһΪǵһҲһ
ʱ·ֹͣˣͻȻһֵ硣
Ҫˡ
޳ɵǹᶨ̧ǹͷҫžĹâ
ĳɶҲϢؾֽۣϵ绮Ƴա
ɱʢ
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µɱѹΧеһУмСõıʿȻѺ˫ɪɪ
ĳɶֽɨٶȿźһϵ̫ػ֡
еȻҪ̫ŻһִˣԴݿ࣬ˮ
лƼ磬޳ɵĶ䣬ľǹлδʹĳɶֽ۲֪ʱɨؿҪ
޳ȻǹסԱɭǿľ㲻ȣʮಽͣסһɫҲȾ˰߰߳ĺۼ
޳ЦһǹʻûһƬâΣǹƿصĴ̶ųҫ۶ĿĹ⻪ĿѣҡƲĸǶȷ𹥻
ĳɶҲٶȻֽۣ˲ʱۺһһҫĿէ֣ǹâ˿޳ɵǹ
˲ƽ⣬ǼƷʻء
ۿȫֹͣ˶ﰲþǲκ
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ļ٣һץȻץϹŵļңһ乭ֱұߵĳɶߵ޳ɡ
˵Ĺ裬ñ֧
ǻͷһۣȻûзٴζ˲ֳʤǾݵġ
ֳ֧ٴ˹ȥ
Ƕ˶֪ˣȴΪ⣬ٳһҷ֧Ȼ׷ǰƳգ֧żβųһֱ޳ĳɶ
һӶбǼ֧ͻȻɼβɢɢһƬ˹ȥ֡
޳ɺĳɶεֻѡӿ˼ľԶˡ
ȻҽķԸҡеķҲġĳɶĮȻؿҡ
ʩչܺһʱû취ڻشֻصסĳɶʹȭǹˣΪܵƣЩҶֻѧƤëҶԼȴ֣һʱѾʤĳɶһ
޴磬һˣҲ뿴еκһˡҿеĹ⹭úܾ£ҰɽĽƳɣɫĹԽšɵġҲǺܾµóĳɶ˺ܴ˼Ķ⣬޷رݸ顣뵽ҵͷ͵ҷԲ㣬ҵĺãһģԸⲹ㡣
ҲҪĸмҪʲô޵Ҫǡĳɶ̾һ
ƽؿĳɶǽֻѡˡ
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⻰ʲô˼ĳɶؿң䣬һʿæˣةȻܵϮ𣬺Ѿҳһˣ뽫ǰȥԮ
ʲôĳɶһ㶣̧ȸߣȻֻعң㷽˵ģָ
ȴӦתͷ޳˵ǡ޴磬ЩױѾƵ󷽣Ľıʿأ
޳һ£漴׹ңǰڳغ򣬿˿óˡ
ˣҷŹǡĳɶҲϵʱòסҺ޳ˣٴؿһۣתˡ
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ǣסҸղƵ󷽣͵͵ؽһʿˣ·ڶУĻǼװҪƷϸһѻְ˩һϢƥͳͳܣȻɧˡ ˵ţһ߿µ׷磬ǰɳ۶ȥĳɶӦúܿͻᷢеǻǿ߰ɣ
׷۵糸ţ·Щ޳ɱӺ§ҵԱƽ⣬Ȼһף㡭
ôˣһͷ
ûûʲô

˭45(1)

Һ޳ɲɱԶ˽ǡ
˺óһ·׷ҲˣܳôԶĳɶҲ׷ˣұٶȣŲ
˴˼ܼûéũᣬҲһջҺ޳Ȼֻܺϳһƥǰϡ
޴磬ȥأͷҲص޳ɡ
޳ɶ˶ٲŴԭºӦҪؽܭȥǰЩյţ˵ĸ屧֮ǣһȥ̽
ţҲǣǻȥȽϰġҵͷ
кδ㣿޳ҵļ磬һͬȥأһȥܭǣ
ûлͷü˼ţš
㲻Ȼݰɣ޳Ȱͣ̽ĸףһȥܭǡ
⡭Щԥ
޳ɫҲһ·һĳɶǸǺãǱܣҲҵֵˣչ㡣
һůǡлл޴磬ˣҾ͹ˡ
Ǳô˵ˣǱݸȥ޳ЩʲôŶˣĳɶкζԹΪҪƣ
⡭ЩΣһʱҲ֪λشźá
޳ɺûо쵽ҵΣʵ˼ĶԹ޷֣˲·ӣĳɶһ֣
˼ĶԹҲ򵥣Һĳɶȴ˺Ů˼ĶԹܽ͵
һѾͷҶ˵˽ܵ飬Ƕ޴ɷĴ
޳ɿת˻⣬ҲٱʣȻһᾡ֮ꡣ
ҿ׷ʣʱ;羰飬̧һĿȫ뵵ķɫϸһ棬ԭһƬһ֦֡Ҷϡ裬ȴ޶ˡסۺ졢̺졢Ϻ졭֦ͷŨ䣬еĲϼеĽѩеʤ߽֬Щ̽ͷϸֻˮˮҹӭΣԽɰյֵһʣֱߵСԵø峺һ΢ֵһ÷׷ѩһ䵽棬ǳ
ľɫһ֣аٲӢͷף֮ǰУ֡Լ޺ˡ
һǺϧ޳Ҳ̾ϧȴ˻ĵطҲ˺Ȳʣͣƽ̣ˡ
޴磬˵⻰δ̫ɱ羰ˡһͷһۣ˭˵ͣҺ㲻ô
˿ֻǹ·ˣͻˡ޳ҡҡͷңһֻ˵ĵطŻῪòá
šһͷһһһȷʵͨڸԶ̵ĵطţԨһԴǡһôȻ˶׿ȨԶĲ븴ӣƾʲôһͲѡӱأ
Ҫô޳ɼ㶵ؿһֱҪһ֦
Ҫժ޴磬ֻǿҪǻҸæֹɲǣɲάֶأ֦ͷˡ
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Ҳ⣺ţ޴磬Цʲô
㷽˵Ļһˡ޳̧Զ˵ժһ仨һŮӵϣȴ˵ǻҵķϣҲ罫֦ͷϣ˲ܿ
ڹŴһһŮ˴ǵĹϵһͬѰ
Ҳͷʵ޴磬ǸŮô
Сӣôʲô޳ָҵĶͷһ¡
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Ȼˣ̧ͷ˿֪ʱɫһ˦ޣ׷漴ɳۿҪܳƬһˣ̲סͷֿ᲻һְ
绨̣ľһйɲǵĹҲ㹻ˣûʲôòõġ޳ɵǲΪȻ
޴硭޳⻰һǰͻȻ̶ֳĵӢĩ·桭緢ʱȻȥҲʬսɳõĹޣҡ֮б㲻޳ˣҲΪˣԶܣԶʢԶ
ôˣ޳ƺҵĲ漴ӹؽӵ뻳Уҹ˴ǲˣ
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ŻƻϦǰЩɫɫһһһͷʡƻεĻҺ޳ϣʧһı
Һ޳ҹ̵ظ·ܿҪˣɫǱ˼ջϢ
Ǹ£ˮûüһڣȻиҶģһ޳ɣæȭʩ񣬶ѹ˵ǰսܭ˷ţ˵Ļɱ֮ΪۣȺ۲κѷʮ˵ּʮԱ٣Լҷ˱ַλصȪᣬ粻ߣԷۡؽǶѶǰõϢ̸ȥǻϣһҲõ顣
Һ޳˲ŸմӽȴҪϻȥЦԷǡ
޳ɲɿЦˣһᾡȥ˵գǼҶһӣҾлܿ뿪ˡ
޳ɲʵĻҪعôôֻڽأ
˵ţĻ뿪Ǽ·õ㱻߱Ϣ󣬺ܿȥɱȻ߲ˣֻ˻ؽ
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˿ô㶥ҡ޳ɵüͷøˣһ·Ҳġ
޴ɲҪƲˣҲϰ֮ˣñԼġҿʼ˵شҲȥˣ˵·Ͼˡ
š޳룬ȷʵ޼ƿʩֻôӦǣԼһҪСġиôҶԱԽˡ
ҵͷ֤֪
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հһƬ֣ǰͻȻһŮӵļҲɻ󣬱׷磬ǰ̽ӡ
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ΪȵسԵϰ·ͻȻɱҧƻĺ£׺ſ¶繳Ķðī̵⣬˿ëȻ˵Ҳ֣ŽֻҶš
ǣǣʲôǸŮȻ§ҵĲӣӣӣ㿴㿴
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˼ⷬ龰»ŻȥԭͻƵ˲伸ȫֻʣϸϸһ׹⣬ɭֲ
̧ͷ˿ͷʱЩˣӦþǴ˵еȺ϶ġ
ȣХһӶеĳǰͷʮʱϳأѪɣһȺȺԲϵӵǡ
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һŨҵĴ̱ζҹƮҵıУ漴׹ڵϵĻɫĩǷۡǱպ󣬻ᷢǺŵζµľζ
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ͷһֱԹĴʱȴν֮ɳʯĽʮ־ˡܵ˰ȺȻذǰţ컬ţɧ谵ֻ̹˸ѣĶߵ۾˿ľս
ȻѣϾѪյӣҲŵ̱ڵءǱűһȺҲ˫š
ʲôˣΪλһͷϵ˿ڣҺøղҧҵֻͨ໨ߣûжûˣʲôطΪʲôôߣ
˴֣̾һѲ֪ж߸ר̸ߵģΪϧ㲻㣬û뵽ȻٻȺߡղŵǸ´ң˭ǹƥȻҲҴ֡
ҽзֻǸ·ˡ˺۽ǣסϵ˿ڣǼȻר̸ضЩߵֶΣзӶԸô
ǱηǵζԲŲҹһЩ꣬ǾͻȫҡͷʱǸ޷ֵʮɣпӳΧȦֵסӲѣֻ·һ
˵ҿȺǴĿƣֻҪǴɱȺȻͻȥ
ˣǴƤ׺ݷǳʮֲף˵ɱˡС۾˵ֱȺסܳȥնɱǴ
뵱ȻУǣԶȴԡҲͷ׷磬ҺûˡȡϵļңҼ԰쵽
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˭46(2)

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СҲӦնؾܾתߡ
ӦǾͳ𡣡˵
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û¸ʲôն壬ⲻӵô

˭47(1)

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ǵͷҡͷ⵹Ҳ·ȥȥʲô
ЩȻЩۼһҲֻں֮ڣѳɴ߽˵ıֵܶǷģԸ档ǵ죬γ²ɣ
УҲҶȻܾǻȰ⣬ٿƣͲҪҷ飬ȥˣûǴˣտ޻·ȺᵳؾۼмӢ۱ѼɶӣһưԡҸռ˳񼽨ңܹܱ߸կܾ壬ܳۡЩͳһȡýɽȴֻңĲǽûʲô³ֻǶʮһһͨŮľУԱ⣬뵱ͷȥЩһأ
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ŮƺǿԱԵأеĹƶȣŮ˵ĴΪ׼ŮУȫɼƲ
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ҡܻȥףϧѲأջȥˡȻϲ֮ɫʧҾһ˵εجج
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ΪǰԼ˭ȡô˭Ϊ֮ĬȻһ˳Ա粵
ǺǡȺ߳һӣֻͷڣѥһۣɫ縳봹ǰȻǸλãܲҵõ
΢ۣܣκܣ

˭48(2)

ߵǰ֡
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ش硭һʶס½ǡ
صģԽһ£ҵֱͷβǴɷΪұȥӭս
һ£Щˣʹֱ۲ߡ
Ҫԣ֡Ȼûз˦ңȴ
˽ţͻȻִ˷ɱɻţͷȻϸһһӵĽŲ̧ۿȥһȺɱ˽ͷǸʮ꣬ϻվŸĽ
ҶһԪԣߵĽԪ
ԭƾҲϵˣ·ڴˣҳһˡ
أǷҲˣ뵽Ҳ޷еľ֣Ӻش˸սֻܽرĸ첲Ѱһ˿ȫС
£ڡҵĲҵļ磬Ҷοţ££
һʱղԪԳһЩǴǰǸСĺˡ˫ĿֱĳɶĳɶҵȺܾˣԴϴα֮Ǿһֱûʽ֣һҪʹ죡
ĳɶԪԣӦɷλξ壬͵ɣӦսǣ
ãҲǸӢۺúˣԪԱһ˫ȥ
ĳɶֽۣӲԪһ
ΪʹĶرʮ㣬ֻһײ䣬ĳɶ
ãԪԸ߽һã߸Ծ𣬾˫ĳɶͷȥ
ȣĳɶۼҲһʹͬھеֽƺԣ綾һ㣬ݺԪԵʺ
ԪԵͺһڰӲסƣһ
һļ˵书ڲ֮䡣Ԫأ˫ͬһ㣬ĳɶסĳɶֽ磬񲻿ɵҡβͣĴӰ֮л硣
ۻӵúݣ÷ױŷ۴ཻ죬Ľ磬þ춯أòֺ
˫ıʿۻңԴ롢סߺȣΪǺȲ
пŵп֡һЩˣǲսɶԪΪĴӱ̣ԭʺϽĳɶֽ۹ʱռСûжЧĹȻڿǲ£ԪĳɶΪѳƣ̬·硣
ԪԳô˻Ჽƣ˫ۣХʮ˹ȫҽҴһ϶
ĳɶ֧ţֽǿмܣʮ亹乣ţˡ
ԪȴԽսԽ£һ߶߸Ծ˫϶䣬bbþˡ
˫ʵûܻ
ĳɶܿ˵һѪֽ۶ʱأһ£δվȣԪԵĵڶֵˣֻܲһ顱һ Ǵؿϡ
ĳɶһѪߵķһɳȥصˤڵϡ
Ԫȥ˫ҪĳɶͷϺݺȥ
ҪԪԣҪȻĳɶԹԹ壬ۿҪɥڴˣȴ޷ӲҴһһԾ˹ȥĳɶǰ

˭49(1)

ͷһĵطʱɲסҵһ£ҲһԪԵĴ¹˳Ϣ̧ͷͻһԪԡ
ôԪԾϲؽԹǾ˵ΪʲôҪȥһҼʱ֣ھûˣ
ҡҸ뿪ڽͣ漴ʶ˿̲лҳʱ򣬡Ԫԣлһ˵˵գƿԪԣӣĳɶ
㡭ΪҪƴңĳɶңֻ˵ôһ仰ڴڵѪӿ˳һεҵϣӦǺҵİ
Ҫ˵ˣҵͷ˿ֵѪֱȥĳɶǵѪȴôҲ꣬ѪĿӿкȻĪĿֻţȥҴ
ˡȡĳɶһҡҡͷҵعǶѣѴ̴ķΣǻ٢ҲȲҡ
ֻܽӲزߵѪ
ȣȡĳɶضң㣬ΪҪޣ
ҿôһ㶣ʶ̧գ֪ʱ档ҲףԼΪʲôޣΪϲĳɶԣǸΪҾֳ᲻ҲԣȻҺܺãȴҲַңҶԶȲϺΪǶڽһӣԣ⼸ÿ춼սսı̫Ҳ̫ѿˡȻЩԭ򶼲ǣΪʲôԼأĪı쾵ǸʱȴЩͬΪǰЩӹ̫ѹ֣Ҹйô
ޡޡĳɶε̾ϢǰܿΪᣬҲЩź
֪ˣʱܽЩʲôأ
ˡĳɶĨȥϵˮһԵ㿪ջһš
ĴĦҵӣ̧ͷڶ˵뵱꣬ǧ¹ڣƽϳ¡룬һͳ¡ʱֻǸʮĺӣ㿪ʼӾӴսֽ۴޵֣ǰӲ֮һͳ˺ȵ佫µһġ޵СƣؾʦʱңǺε硭˵¶һĨΪ佫ĽЦݣ̾Ҳǲ뾡ұ컯ŪˣջǻһΡ
ҿĳɶڷ۾ǻعⷵհһᣬˮ˳ջ£䵽Ŀϡ
Ϊ鳼Ļ֮ӣĳɶ¹䣬Ӳˣթ׳ҲݣΪֶңΪ۶ǰܣ־һһúļıˣȻ޷ʷڼ
µ˺֮࣬ȴֻֽ֣֮֮ءҴͷ˵۲ʳɰܣֻҪǱˡ
ǡɷξ壿ֻƶˡĳɶȻЦǧأͷ­һᡣȻſ˫ۣҽ§ڻС
㡭Ҵ󾪣û뵽ĳɶ˴Ϊ˼ƣֲҷֻš
㰲˵Һ͸׶½󣬱õµƱΨպб䣬㽫ЩƱ˸׵ĵطֽľ񱦲صĵطĳɶĵ¶ֽҵĶ˵ҵȻ˽Ҳ׶༪٣ⱦⳤ¡ҾͽˣǾȫƾԼˡ
ҡҾĪһʱ֮侹֪λӦ
ĳɶͻȻͷմѪĴ漴ӡҵġ
ѪζɢҵĴڣԴ֮У޷κηӦĳɶı۰һֱεӵң§ֽƺҪǶҵѪУҸоЩʹ
ĳɶѹϣͷҵļ磬þöûٶкȻһݣæסļͽһͷϸһ
ҺĳɶƹҲһϣ֮ܽأһ֪Ϊʲôȴһ㶼˲ǲţѾˡҴ§ʬ壬һƬãȻʲô޷롣ӵ̼ҵĶ䣬Ȼܣһ
֪ʱԪǰƽţ̾ϢĳɶǸֵ𾴵Ķ֣ú
ȺкȻһ֪·Ĵ󺺣ңСӣʲôˣΪλĳɶܣ
̧ͷŤεĳкȻһѹֲ˵Ŀ־һıʼ޷ϰȨֳ£Щµνܣнһʬ壬Ҳȥˣѣǰˣһ˺ʮûʲôֵǮġĪֻؿЩʶһһǰô
ιأ˼Ұû𻰣ǰ뽫Ҵӵ
˭׼Ԫŭһһȭ˸ɳɣصˤһԵϡֻ¡һӦ˭ҾͶˣ
ĳɶ͸ղ˶ʶˣԪԾȻˣȻ书֮ϣ˭ҳȥԪƴսأ˶ͷ̱ѻȸ
û°ɣ첽ҵĸ첲ҷ
ش磡ҳؽһ˳ƿĻУ˿ľƣ,ֻһɾůĵطƽԼǲġ
ӵңظҵĺ󱳣ûˣûˣҪȥˡ
ԪԻͷһۣ뿪˵Щʲô㱻ԪˣԪԣ˵ͶôȰҪ
ŶԪԺܲԸӦһתͷʮ·ǵ˭˴콻ȻݹСүĺɱһ
˻Կţȴһ˸һشʱиɫ۵׳ŵӺһԪԣ⼸·˵ڸȪػϣ˭ȶ˭ܳƵۡ٣ǻ˹أӲأ
ͷ˭ѽԪԸͲʲôزصģеɱĳɶȺں֮סƨɽҸ˭Ҳʸӵϻ˵콫ҾҪˣ
СӶԳȻ˾񼽨£˲غȵҲëС˵أң
񼽨£ҵʶԭǷе񼽨£ü޸ƹԨΪޣ۱֣ȷʵԪԵľ˾ˡ
ţԪԱһ㶣һʱתȻԶԡ
˾ǰɣһԵԪЦһҶ²ʲô£ĵԪ˵ɣ
һ⻰ʱˣϽϿ˵ԪԴСб˭סΨĻ񼽨±̸Сϧ񶴲Ȼ֪񼽨ڴˣԾͲ뽭ֻܶԪͷ˫ĺΪűҺٴ棬նһ١
ԪʱͷҲתٺЦ˾ˣ̫ƽлҳʱǳ£ˣҲģҲضѿˣԹԵذɣ
񼽨޿κΣݺݵصԪһۣˡ
Ҹղžѽܣ˷׷װĿͶϣغѹҪȥ
֪ǹΪƾһ·ǶԸԪԡԪƾģȻ᲻ãȴҲ޼ƿʩֻذѵֵĴ˳
ԪҲֶԪȻߵǰеʵɫ԰ףôҸղǲǴˣ
ûУû¡ҡҡͷ
ǣһغôԪʣһֱ㣬㣬һܸ˵ġ
Ҳ̾һԪԣ˵ңô
ԪΪѵץץͷңҿ²ܴӦ㡣
ԪҲǰң۵һ˿Ĺʣò㳤ˣ޶ˡ
ᱡʱЩջ𣬻ûҷѾһĹأ
ǺǣȻˣߵԸΪͷԪ˸Ȼֳǰд硢㣬񻹶˸ȷ֮òҶ̲סһ׷󡣡
㡭§Ҳһ漴һĳԪϣԪ㲻Ҫ̫
Ԫһݺݵ˵ȻҶҶ֣ô
ᱻŵٸҶҾͶ㲻ˣ
㣡ԪĿ¶׹⣬̤ǰһҪ֡
ԪͦԪǰĸ磬㲻Ƕġ
ԪϺһһ߶ţãáվȷŹǣʱԪԺڣмּɵΪ潻֣Ҳռ˵ġ
ǺЦ⼸ȫԼԸԹԵľǱִˣ浱͸ôľƣʲôˣҲȥˡ
ԪԣǼȵϽȥɣԪһ˦ӣתˡ
ԪһΣĲԸһô
Ҽᶨҡͷ
ðɣҪúñءԪֶҿһԪȥˣת˲䣬ƾͳһɶ
ʣʮ·˶ᵽֲʾ£֮ȻвͨԻصطȥưԣ˱׷ɢһټĹûʣ¶ˡ
վԭأĳɶ¼ĵıʿһײڸסʬ̧ȥ
ĳɶֵܾǡĻֻ˵һͶסˣӵסҵļ򣬡Ҳ߰ɡ
šҲԲֻĬĬص˵ͷ
ڻؽܭǵ·ϣǳĬԣƲ֡
ȻȴʣֻϤĵҵʳӡȻҵɻ󣬵Ϊ˼ҲûΪҡҧ𡢵ŶҵкøУһпо죬һ·˵˵ЦЦΪǽơȻǼѣҲңֻĬĬһ·š
ƣƲѹúܵͣвʱףҪ´ˡҺȻ÷겻ܾʲôҪˡʱȻһ춯ص֮Ҿ涼ҡҡˡ
סס
ԪԣΣգĳɶһҲӣ͵һѹش磬мҪ죬ߣһͷ͸ǣתͷݺݳһޣ۶ȥ
׷Ǻԣֻһ㽫˦һ·񱼣Ҳ֪˶ãԶԶأڿһ֧Ķ飬Ĵдһơ֣ǰи꽫ƥԪԡ
׷ˣţȻһֵ磬һ㻮ա䡱һ׾죬ʱѣǰһŴǡһϣ漴䡱۶ϵĴȻȼˡ
ԪԣҸæ̧ۿȥԪԾָսǺѭ磬˲˵ϣ漴ԪԻɢ
ԪԡǰֻֻңһֻĿһͣǰһڣʱˤ
ʱȻڳһƥ֮ſ˫ۣڰǰ
ֽ§ҵЦǡֻת۵Ĺ䵽ҵС
㣡תͷһԪ
ſңҵͳһƴţ˫ȴԪ˫̤ŵأȫԪԾٴİɣΪʲôҪΣĵܵܰ
ǣٴġԪӲָסҵ򢣬ӲŤҵͷţҶߵͳЦǡܵܣеôҵĵܵܣֻĵܵܣ
ԭˣԪˣҲȱһ󽫣ġֵǽУһ̱Ҫʼôұ߽ӣȻ󺰣ֻΪЩԹޣͿԲ֮飬ۿȥ̫ˣ
ҺݣٺҲûжݣԪЦţ㻹˼ΪֹǵԼɣ
ôһԪʵҵĺ󱳣ֻסҵͼһĿȻ
ɷϣȷҼرŮӣҲѹǸ㵱һ㡣Ԫ͸Ź죬ҵиԣǿϵĶ᲻һеصõ֣ѾĻҲò㣬ΪȫĽԲǿ㡣ȴͬǷԸⱲ㶼úһ𣡡
ǡΪһлԸŭЦԪⱲӶõҪĶ
Ϊ˶ɽͲôԪ͵ؼϵҶʱʹ亹ֱҸ㣬ǲģ
ǡҺûϵˡʹЦüɻĲҺĹϵڳЩƽʿ
Ԫһ㶣ţǺ⣿
ЩʿԪԾٴģһȥܣӦˡתͷƳһۣ֮㻹ǸϽ취סǵɣ򣬵ȻصһĲ㣡
ߣлңԪӱһʹˣҲߵģ
Ҳɲ㡣ʱѾȫ侲ǺܿͻңʧȥԪԣ㻹жʤ㣿
㣡Ԫɱ֡
öٶ䵽У͸Ͻҷˣӱ޻سȥҲɿڣǲƣңȻͲ׷ˡ
ݣԪ㬵غһ䣬ſǯҵ֣˴ȷ㣬ҵУҾٷŹ㣡
ߣҸԪвһƿ΢΢Ծ𣬱䵽׷ıϡ
ߣԪݺݵصһۣת漴תͷŴˡ
ȥӰ쳤̾һ׷ߣһͼҧһӭɳ۶
û°ɣͣסƥеʵҲ˵к£תߣҵĲѡ
ǿ¶һЦݣԲش磬㵣ˣû¡
㡭ңƺлҪ˵ʲôҲûʣֻ˵û¾ͺã߰ɡ
šףԥظˡ
ҹҹɫУëëϸζ϶شϵˡ
ɷˣ࣬鶼޷硣

˭50(2)

ܭѾЩʱˣȴôҲʲ
ҹˣȴȻ˯ʯϣ˼ϸꡣˮôʯף·ҲҿյϣˮĽҲġ
ҵͷǿ龧Ө͸壬ڽʱԪԾٶӮظҵġȻӨκ覴ãȴѾˡ
ԪԵһֱǸ񻰣ȻɫƣСȴп֮޵֡ϲѴӷڼϣбСԴˡ¶޷εĴ棬ƺԶһǵģ
ؼǵõദӣǸçײ³к۵ģа⣬ȴᶨҶ߻ص
á
Һϲ㰡Ծˡ
㲻ҪߣҲߣҲϲģòã
ʲôһٴһЩҾͿȢ㣬ȻǾͿһֱһ𣬲÷ֿˡ
Ԫԡҵ͵͵ؽţкȻһʹ
һƽϵˮ˳˺ջ¶ָȴһӲӲֽš
ͳһĳɶ콻ҵŲرͼ
ĳɶҵ⣬Ҳǲ֪ȴʼ޷ӦǾģҶֲͬǣң˺ʹҹȴ밮޹ءҿʼԼǶ黹顣ЩˣһͻЩˣʹͬҲͬİ·ġҲˣԵ֡
ĳɶȻȥˣȴɽ󶪸ҡرͼҸŻǽȥ£Ҫⱦʲôأȥָð˭أ
꽥Сˣͽʣ˿ˡ
Ȼһĵżŵƴڵߣʱʱǳߺͣ죬֮㳹׵صͳȥͼϸ͵˼ƺ߲ӿ⡣
Ҿؿĵ׵ǧֿʹ㰧һе˼ƺƮɢУСʶЩƮȻȻԼɺ쳾еһС
ƣϸ࣬ޣһйƽ
̧ͷȥȵһͷվһŰɫӣٷ磬úÿݣȴԵһ䣺
ܰѰɫƮݡ˳ǵڶˡ
΢Ц磬Ҳ˯ô
߽ƵЦţרΪǵġ
ţɻǣ֪ʲôǣʲôô
ҹ꣬һ⾳һ黳һֶϴ;£һƽʱ꣬ǾʺȤһķңʱֻ˸ҡû䣬ֻߵľˡ
͸ؿ͸ҵ˼ȷʵҵ֪һ̾һͥǰ䴦̺ҹ⾳£æơпѪȵ޷ҵԽҲܸжЩȨջ顣
˸еѣϸٵԼһգԲŻᾲ꣬ô
ǵġΪҹ꣬ķƺѳı־ʵҲеġҵͷƫͷллң硣
̫ĽǸ̫ࡣЩ鲻ܿƵģô࣬ȥܻȥģǱ㹻ˡҵļ磬Щѻ屦ܵأԼ׾֪ο㣬Բ˵ЩֵܣҲͬΪ㵣ء
ôΪҲģѽҴֵܣһ£ʱȻǣЩջججȷʵǡ̾һ̲סЦǡ磬ȻУȷʵǸ˵ͣöˡ
ҲЦˣһֱĵӣʵǷѧأ
ңҲеģǸäһѧġҸæҡͷ
ȫ֣ҪǺŬУҿԽ㣬ԡ
ŶãҾԡҳɵӣŵһȴֻټ졣Ҳ˿ʹÿ£Լ̲סҪƤˡ
ǡ漴תͷȥȻҿı飬Ҹҿ϶һǿЦ⡣
ĵ̫ˣһǴƷҴ󾽣ѵӻߣôƨһҲˣ
ЦȻȴǳҧҡڵشת󻹸ź޳ɡ
㴵ҧƤЦ˵ţԭһģϧħ˳
ǡҶʱ߳ŭȥҪҧ𣬡ԭһѣ͵ſЦ̫ˣ
ҧһϴһ߿ŵؽţҪ屦ϵСޣ˰
͵Ż޳ֻһЦţȴ֣ҧɻ
æȰ⣬ЩƲ֣Ҳǵ㣬š
ߣվǷ߷߲ƽı飬ȴһůȻԪԺĳɶ뿪ˣôİҵֳأ
˰ɣҧס֣ҵļ磬ȥľȥɣЩ˵£̫ۡ
šҴĿͷ
ҧҵͷ͵һĴȣͨ˾ͺá̴ȥȾƣ¶ǣǾʲôնûˣ
ȣһ£ʲôҪȾƣǲҪҵôҴ󾪣ƴǣҧȴҵļ磬ȥûиҿھܾĻᡣ
أش磡硭޴磡硭תͷȣϧǶ޶á
ȺȵĻ뵰ֻŭһɳҧţﲻͣذţأ
ӲǰһΣҺ߸ڵֻԽԽˡһգбʿ񼽨µܭǽ
ټ˵ȥ̴¡
񼽨ˮˮ˴óȻԽ磬֪Ϊ˺£ܿʵ
˵ڣ߲ơ
˴ǵĽǺˣüʵ
ݱʿΪ󽫾񼽨µŮ°ҲΪʹ
δ˵꣬žһ޳еĲ豭ڵأˤ˸顣

˭51(1)

޴磿ɻؿû°ɣ
ңûû¡޳ɽӲذ˰֣մ˲ˮЩʪһʱû⣬Żòסӡ
Ŷҵ˵ͷȴɻˡ޳Цأ˵һ豭ˣһٸ豭Ҳ˽ʲôȻʧ̬ȷʵЩΡ
üʵҵţ֪Ȼֹס˻۽ſڡ
̧һï󲽴
ǰսΣܸæʵ
˵Ĵѵִ£ҾǶšïʩ񣬶ݲȵش˵񼽨µķʣŮԼ֮󣬱Ϊ°ﲻò˫ȫһ컭ʹǳ뻯һְٷеĽ裬ЩӶĶ֡
֮Ҳţ˵Լһ֧ٶ˵Ӿ񼽨ÿʦ°ӾΪӣɱкԮ֮á˵ϣ˲ޣÿ֮ʱֻһ񡢽һ½ʿƴΪ̡
ǰȷһŮкܣü塣ţסصͷޣŮӺϡŮӣķǰṫӻҵżƽˡ
˱ҵĻˣЦֻ޳ûЦŸҲ֪Щʲô
˵񼽨´ǰ׵У˺üòŵ൱ģҪΪ飬̲ס˭֪λ°۹ĸߣҪѰһòԼµӣſϰС֮£䡣
ﻹǸԸŮӣлᣬҵʶ
λ۾ǰô޳ؿڣΪȴԵзĻ֮˸Ȥ
ܻعţ޳˵ǣλǸϽӦ֮߰ɡ
㡢ĻȥѱȺ۸ݣ˶Ұģ²ᰲз֮أ̲Χ׳ԼƵ˵񼽨ȻҲ⡣˴֮ð޼δ빥ܭǡֻͶʯ·̽̽ǵʵ
ʵ֮⣬ǲȫܵСƴô
ȷʵˡïףҾڸȪһսԪĿǰ֮ӦΪ֮˴󶯸ɸꡣ
Ҳ˵ʮ·һǣƣһ춯»ᱻ·룬е
λ˵룬ɣҽճţܲսľ̽ʵգǶᵡµʱͲסӣǿйǣָǺã
ֻڳͷһ֧ӣľǿйǣǱżʱ뷢նϣסı
ҲԳ峵ǰײţǾڳڰűʿһɴɰѳ峵ȫۣǾ֮⡣
ƣ֮ʱǱ͵ϮΪǿɱ·ï˵һ·ǲһǧȥڳɽ֮죬ɱס񼽨ǰ
ڶ·ɾһǧڳɽ֮ң죬ɱס񼽨о͵͵ï˸·ǲһǧʮĸľȥɢǵĺӣȡǵݡһ·ڳػԮ磬˵öԲأ
ǡïһЦʴϻֻۣ㼸ձɶűˡ
ҰȤ˵̵зٱͽܵϣ¶ܳΪñĽ졣˵ʵֻǰռһǧʷıˣҵЩνıԺͶԵоԶȲڳЩˡ
ƨƺЩˣïЦ˵Ѿٽˣٹһʱգʦ֮λҪסˡ
˶ʱôЦ
ܺܿЦݣɫãŶµļƲߣǸȥɡ
ǡ˷׷ʩ񣬶ͷȥˡ
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һҹʱ֣ܰԸ޳ɡҧǧʿһ٣룬ժΣ˸ö͵͵س˳ǣֱľӪ
Ұٰ㰧ǲǿӦ޳ɳս
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ڱʿľӪǰı˯ֻһ죬սĴ߸ڵɱľӪС
һʱ֮䣬ɱ죬ɽХһ㡣ľŴ˯оѣףǱæҵӦս
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˵¡ҪȰȻбʿ顣
˵͵һ֡
Ǳʿ棺ǰڵıʿڳⷢľӰ


˭ƪ⣩ 岿

 ƪ⣩(1)


ЩˣĹڶ֦ϵҶѱð߻ڲţ׹ڵ, ᱻ紵ڿڵشת
һָȻľɢϣһ졣
ǰݵͷֻһͨ׷ǸŹֵѾͷ
ץסĲϣһߡĿⶨң֪η壬ںġĺȻһ죬ͬͶһСʯӣԲơһ˲ұˣΣҶҪ
תνǵ׷ּңѪɽûоţûмУֻǿҵĻоطӵϸŮһкҵһصϧ
ҽţ񣬾Ȼǰװɵƭʹ֪ڻԣҲֱ̲գԲ֪ļںδЩʲô
ʱ浱ǸƯкԵұ˯ͬһϡǽ겻ģϷȥþòߣңֻüװѾ˯ġ
ʱѳ˯ȥĺϸƽȣѧĳָڹķ齱ߣһ䱸ɭϵģ̲סЦˣᱧ룬СĵΪǺë̺ȥмΪµѡ
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ش硭ҾôЦһǳǳУ峺Ϫˮ۾ҡ
ֻ˵ͷ
ӴǵػңˮĲƣһȦһȦ󣬴ȥ
һǫＤԽŮ뽨ǴˣڲĲѧǰû˸ҿԴΨָŲĻ٩٩̸ۻһһΣɫĿо۹⡣ܲΪ֪
ʮдδ֪ȻǼ֣ͬȥƣҲһڴӦϧ޾ֻһһ
ҡͷطϡ
سֱȣұ㶯ֽ⿪½Щ
İɫۣұǰһĻˣɫϸӡȻ󣬵ȻԿŮԵߡ
ȻһĪĿϲҺƴԨ׷𣬷ҡֱ졣
һҹӵ˯ݣٳٲϱۡ
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һֱɻ󣬾Ļ˵ʼûпеñʧҵõνĴ𰸣¾ͻʧȥҪĶ
ĵʹԭƽĳͻССϲáǷŭʹǸжϲãһҹͬͬеһÿһ̣һĸоͬʯĺۼ
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һţ㿴ͨͨ棬һʱ֮Ȼĵ˵ұóмѡµĶд͸ҵĸ첲ҡţ˷ܵЦˣֵƶ̤衢ƮƮɵŮ
ⷢƯҡԹؿңȻͷˣȻƽնһ˦Ժ
Ұ㡣ҽ⿪ķٵ㷢Ŷ˵Ĺһ˿˿һƣ˳زҵֵָģЩˡ񣬽˿ͷһ٣ֻԼҷ΢Ŵԡ
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˿̣ڴ˿̣ҵһ׷չ˻ŮһһһֱҵůǻÿŰΧҵļΪһƬա
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ӣӣ񺮶ҰһӣسɳšҪһܵңԸΪǿ

ڶԼĴðհɣֳѵüɬģҽסԶ
Ȼ߳ŭסҵ죬ŭŮ̬Ȼ
ҵĿ̫ɣڵ֡
ͷЩȣҲסģظܵ
ϵƻңǸ˲䣬еĿѹȫԵ֣סüۡĴ
ش硭ӵػңﾹһ˿⣬ڵЩĻֺ̿ͽǡ
ʶǱͻסˣ̷ſ֣Ц뽫תЩɵСӡ
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Ǻܿˣ˼죬·ֲڣм˱ΧҵȰ裬ִҪȥˡ
վʲôҲ˲ˣȻǸ˷ǰȥ
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ʱΣݲҶ룬ҷ˵ˣ§˹
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ʶӵϣ漴޲ȥ
Ǹȴ׷ϣĬĬһеߵǳЦͻſǷȻ۵ȴһ˿ĳ־࣬׺ݡѪƺѪȡ
·ʲôЩ֣ҵ½󣬽ҵĻҵţҷ§
ȻҲĿ־壬΢˫ۣԣȻȥ
˿ջΪ˿ڣȴʼ޷ƽϢǷָӵƲסȻŪʹʹüȴ֪ҵŭӺζҲҿңֻĬĬܡ
ʹ飬ҺҴ᲻һˣһ࣬Ȼֱض
ҳ̾һӵ뻳С
û˿˫ջɾ峺ңʣش磬ҵô
ûСϰԵĳķȻһơ
ûϵҵͷúܿġں˵Ӱ㴿Цš
һ˽⣬ͷһģȻѣնǺεȲס
Ӻʱħ㣬޷˵´ҲѰĺͶµǿСʯˡ
ֻ֪ΪֳˡݾݰĽֻʱĵס˵¾ǽˡͷȴͻԽϲԽϧԽᱡ
ḧ㷢һһ顭
ڽͷɢͷʱҷȥѰңȴˮΰˣӰ١һʧ˳ף˿ȥ򣬹ĨɱĴڡ˭أҲöֻ֪һһεڻںԼΪβ§ô׵ؿûȺС
ˣֹˣС꣬һƬŢļķҷһľΣµֻеȻۡǶŨûůůʱ⣬ƺֻһǴĻ䣬й
㾿ںδ

 ƪ⣩(1)

ѩƬƬһٲƵϣѻֻڰҹ˻Сǽܶϱڣʯ·ѩǳǳܿһˣǰһһž
ģУڻУ
񡭡񡭡
˭ůغң
ƿһȰڵľţ̤һһʯףǰʯףƺԶ˾ͷ
ԲЦһŮӲӯʰϣȹƮɣصڷˮкȴһ
˭ĳЩϤƬϣĳϤӰش飬Ȳ׷ȥ
԰÷侧ӨŰѩŭš㸡ƢԴ
ңվһ÷£΢㻨׷£ķʡҵĽŲתǧ˿ƮɢͬһƥĳС
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ڣ׵ʧҵҰУһ˿һֻվѩţš
ҵͽг˲ʱξѳͷ亹乣ȫ
֪Ѻļį˵ؿ̹ǣֻҰҹһΣȴشҡ
Ѭҵۣұܵһԣ̧ͷüĿᰲ꣬ƺԻȥеıʹʮУջۣխķŶߡоЩǳѪ֮ҲɻҪļ尾߽ޱ޻ķţ
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ʱΣʱΣνԲεһıأΪСҲμվߵͱ֮ϣȺɽҵξӳҵľԣҼţʵڵġ
ʦҪܵõأ
ӣ˵ɫһħܾܾ㽫ħ֮ѡຣʦ˵㶮ұ˵ֹɫ࣬죬㲻ð
ҵͷСҪʲôһҪʲôûʲôҵòġ
Ҫң̸סҲƽҲƽǻ׳־ľڣϽˮһ㣬ƵҪĿڡʵĲֻǳи֡͡١Ϊǿұ飬ĨѪȣҵħ
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Ŀ˵Ĵ־һְֱָģҲܲϧתȥıӰԹ͸ַ飬̸ӡҵ
Ҫ
ӣຣʦű߼ʵʣΪ֮
νԲ̣Բ񣬵һҪˣԦ֮ĵ֮ҴݴԦˣҪľǼԦġ
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Ҫ
ôǳǵǻΪǧ﹦ҵ˾ֻ󱧵˹飿
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Թ˶Ӱҡ涽ڣҺĵһȴڵ⽣ӰС
ֲڣѹϣڵţֻһۣʧɫ

ҵĿ£ŮӵֻʣһΨ˫۾峺Ϫˮǰˮ˫ǴǳǳУںڵķһģһֻǴ˿̵ξжһһֲɣǳ
ȫһһطԲ׾ٶȽⶳҷ·𿴼˱ѩڣеڲһ˲䣬漣㱼ӿ
Ǹ۵˽ڻУҲȻ
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޹ǵĽһȵ½ңʵʵǱξҲ޷סĶĸоЩˡ
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أԳԼ˼䲻̽Ŀ⡣˫峺ĺ˲㿴ҵҵ˼룬˿˿̽Ĳã漴ͷ档
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̾ϢҿԳʹº֣ȴ޷Ӳĳ֣Եذο
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Ƕ˵鰮ǸĴһʼˣ翪ûлͷʹײǽҲͷ
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ǣ⶯ֱ޷԰Ρ
ĺˬǳЦ򭱡ﻹݡôҲֻܻΪָһ˿ߣƹҵҵģһ󲻿ɿܵսҵӿҾˣֱΧ۲ܱģֱĿԶʤӮõκʤ
ദ˸ԱΣԲΣƺ޻ͨĵĬûʵô̢ǿԶعһ
ϧҲΣҲΡ
ΪΨһŮˣȴΨһ
޹»Լ֮ǰҲ֪޹Ҵ϶ޣҲܹ
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ȴ֪ԭҪģɡ
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˭54(1)

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ǶŵˮͳζϤϣҺȻʶǸˣԼǸŮˡ֪أЩȵĿ⣬ֻ΢΢̣ϸأش磬㣬ſҡ
ˣôҰ㡣£漴ҵãƵҵǰɵΪҰóۣżˣȴ޲ߣҡˣ󲻿³ç֪ô
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ڶ˯Ͳ˸ߵǰ͵ƿҫ۲õϣ·ҲսůҵҲ֮á
԰˸ԺУų⡣һͳˣȥΪ֮¼Ρһܽ޷죬֪
ӣˣŸ̤Ժһ˰ɣԵ㶫ɡ
ţáϵʲôûԣЩˡҽӹĿӺ룬̻ʵس
ţʲôࣿ嵭ܺóأҳ˼ڣ̲סڳޡ
ǹԲࡣЦŻش𣬡ؽһصΪġ
ش磬ģһ㶣еꡣ
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Ⱥȥҿżɽʵ޴磬üչģΪ£
޳Ҳ̾ȥδζ˱Ÿ

˭55(2)

Ů鳤Ӣѽҡҡͷ޳ƽһᣬ˭һӣײⰮǹϣһˡ
Ů鳤޳ɰ˰֣ҸҪС
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δܡ޳Ҳ˵öԣǸȥ˵סҡ
Һϵļ򣺡ٺ٣ֵܣҲ̣ӲɲУҪսս
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椾ǡѽͱˣתʵǣ޴磬ûﲻϲ㣬ָô죿
޳ŵһЦҲ޷ĸԸңһң
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ţȢΪޣǶҲǣ˪ҧʵش
ѽλңҶˡҹ˵׷ɽһ׷Ůѡһ׮һú׷ŮǹƥɲУҪмƻвԡаۡ·ⷽרҡ
ҿɲԴޣǰѧУʱкܶ׷ŮɶǣߴšıߵģǶǳ˫ɶԣԲ֡߸ڵ˶ͶҾȥýţýǣߵ£ôҲܻڷԣڶ˵ڹŴء
ҧȻǱҵ粻֮˵ˣŶкΰ취Ͻ˵
ŮأעصĲȨƣҲĲƸĳ⡣ȫһרҵĿǣأһҪԣĳ
Ҫô󹤷ôҧΪȻҽύºܶûôѾοǸŮˡ׻˵úãŮֵ㡭
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Ҷ⣬лĻأ޳ǰһץס֣ӵŵ⣬Ҵ˿̾ͿԻش㡣޳ɶ췢ģֻһˣֻȢһˣ
㡭סˣһ죬ؿ޳ɻС
޳ɣľôˣͿԼڿЦ漴˳ȥռŮ

˭56(1)

ѽͷͷԼѾûϴͷˡŴЩʮ¶ϴˣֻҪ첻ϴͷϴ裬ȫòУѰ
ǰ˼ֻǾٲôϴҺæһȥмˣҪϲܻһ̶޷ˡ
ˣԼɡһͰˮùͭ裬ٰͰˮȥΪֻܶΪ
ֻƹƹҼͭ豻Ҵڵأˮһ
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ʲôŽ˿ңһɻ󣬡ΪλŪǱ
ƲƲ죺ֻˮϴͷ˭֪
ļûãҶϴͷԽңʰͭ裬Ұϴ
ЩԥҪϴͷش磬⡭
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⿪ҵķ٣ҵĳ̾ͷ˳ˡ
ţ˵ˣҵͷúܿġҴͷʱպҾû޼ͷͬԣԾ˵ٶţԭϸĶ̷񾹳ˡ
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ôᰴҵͷͭˮʪҵķ
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ش磬ȻûȥϴͷҸҿ϶һЩϴͷСܺá̲סЦֳô˧ϴͷŮӿ϶ܶ࣬ʱһܺá
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飬ƴκˣ
ޡסҵúܽĴֻһӡҵġãس̾һҵĶһǡĴܱҶϵӡǺᣬᡣѷɹˮ棬ֻһСС֮޺޼
ҴӦ㣬һĴ磬Զ䡭
޳˽޳¶˵ˣֽҪ񼽨׵ĴһһҲպ񼽨ⳡ̲֪ʱܴ꣬޳ɵĻȻӦʣ漴ʹ߽¸֮񼽨¡
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ĳɶҲԪԴ˰ҧһ֪бأǰҾӦñġš˸ãȻʲôˣĳɶǰƺ˵Щʲô˵Щʲôûᵽص°
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޷粻ˣСԲ׷ʵһĳɶ̸ˣ㵱ʲôҲ֪
ҹŭ˵κ֮˵֪鲻ˣ
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ҵУĲƸȲֵ֪꣡ǵôļգЦһؿܣմѪĲƱõðôҲĳЩˣΪȨֵ֮嶼֮Ժ󣡡
һ𣬶ʱ׹߸ԭõĹϵһֱܺãܵʱɱõʱ򣬵ŻΪ顣ϧܲǽɱˡŶԴһֱڻҲĴ治ֻ֮ⷬǽⷢӡ
㡭˵ʲôϲ˵ʲôܼŵڲӣȻŭҲ˲ڳһӣȻ
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屦Ѿ̵ˣŷ˦֣ûҵžĶӣҲ֪飬ֻ֪ҿΪֵ߲嵶ʹаѵҵĲϣҲԼֵܣأнյķɻڴǶǲֵܵʬȥģ

˭57(2)

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ʮָӡ䱻ɱôܣ˵޺ã˫ìͷһָ߸ڣܭΣڵϦïȴƳĬʹǴʱ񼽨½ˣǵвˡ
ҧʵԣֻԴˣ
˽ԴĿ
δءƽܭǵͬ˹ϵҲƣһҪԸ䡣νԣԹ壬ʱҪ侲Щ̲סƹƽܭʱΨһ¾Ĵóѡ
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ܴ˸ãǳɴߡï˵ǰɱ֮ʱй˼һֵꣿҧԭ߸죬λܣζԴЩνֵܵģ
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һɱȷǲ֮٣½ʿġµĻõ󲿷߸˶ֵ˻ɡ˿̣ˣʱգûԶĵˣҲûԶѣȷʵǸս硣
磬Թȫеñʧʵ֪Щڳ˶ֻھУѡЩǲ˵ڣиƲ˺ܾãڻǿ˵˵öԣľܣͳ̡ˣ֪ҿðȫЪϢ˯ðȣ˲ֲܲɱսı½Ѱ֪õĺ˷ܴ֡
һҶھκֻ沨ֻ󴬷ܳ˷ˡתһ˽ż˵νһŸһѵá֪֮ȻǸǡȻŵĹȴС֮ĶȾ֮Ҳֻøɱ³
κǵ֮۲٣ǣ޴㣬СϺһûͻ˲ŵʱֻҪЩСɴ¡ֻ˵Ӣ֮أû˵Ӣ۵ġҼ˲޷֮⣬˵ɲʱӢ۵ģӢʱơǸʱƵӢۡϴСƪ˵˳Ӧʱƣʱƣ޵¡ӢֻǳνʱֺӰ죬Ǳ㲻ӢˡӢۣ͸ðմ֣ǧ˳֮СʵҺ֮ܳɾͰҵ˵ʱΪ˼ΪյĵҪʷʱƣǴˡ
־֮ʿµľ˲硣ȵϷɣѣ֦ҳһʧʱһգľ֮֮󾹷֦ܣǴԸֹ֮ûľСһʱ죬Ծڴˣ˵ĵطλ¡
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˭58(1)

񡭡ʹأ˼㱵ر˹ȥ鲻ԽͶС
ôˣȵ˫ַסҵļ硣
ãȻ̧ͷ˲񣬶æܿԲ𣬲磬ңΪ
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֪ϴˣҶʱ󾽣ͲҪЦˡ
ããЦˡ˵ЦһԺеʯϣߵĿλҹˣΪλȥϢ
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磬Ҫô֪ôһֱо֮ˡظܵʱĵʹִ࣬ļϣΪֻһ߳ĲųڵķߣҲ֪ԭΪĲǰٷеļ֮־֮š
ǵҳʱǷ˵ĻôҲͷ룬۵뵽һһ˿ȴŵģýݡȻһ̶Ĵԡ
Ȼǵãֻϧǳ̲һΪˡһЦκΪѧ֮أܹƶߡιһֻ֪ȾƴˡԹΪأȴֵΪزݣΪ񷨣ȫ
磬κȻáխƽĶۣȴ֪֮ͬб֮ţԲŻһ档һ𣬸һᵽΣ˫ȫվᱨţյĽ֣᲻ʹģӦ˵˽ˣ֪šǲܰ˵ʿΪ֪ôûշ֪ԸȫĻر֪֮޿ɺǵġ
Ƕˡһ漴ȥôֵܣһԸվߣɱ̾
֪ʮֿգ뱯ڶׯΪҿ»ҪǿҰٱʵڲ֪οֻļʾο
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ţ֧ľѣݸɣۣҲ֪ʲôľɵģģ磬㳣Ĳһ֧ô֧ľҵǴδ
ľģƫͷңԼǴˡ
ˣתת飬ȤĪǴ͸ˣ
̾ôԼδֻżֻżμֻ뽫ľ
˶ġֻǡǾͲżԭ޴һҲǡɧ͵ġƽһ˪ģȴˡ̲סЦò糯˼ĺŮӣһͬ졣˭ѽ
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ҡˢذγƿջҷ
ѩҹ轣´ѣĽĵ顣θߣתǿҡֱϣԽư㡣
ŵļӿ죬ҲԽԽ죬磬âڻѩз롣࣬ʢ
һŷۺ졢ѩ׵÷ӵңĿƷױҡҷ֦ͷƬƬѩڿӯطƮ䡣Ӱ仨ýסǷ׷µĻһ뺮С
ƶϣתֱ΢šкȻһι̵ᣬű佣ϣ˲ʱ볳ˮʧӰ١
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սʣôҲˣ
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֪Уѹͬ߹ʮأѪȷ羭ЩѲǶݣֵֿܲͣɬʹȴôʹġļ򣬡Ȼ˻ԡթ뱳ѣҼžʴ֮ȻͲݵֵֻꡣԲ۽ҵѡΪΣԹޣô
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Ϊ׳־ģΪհΪ̫ƽж־ķҪȰұشĻ롢бˣҲΪĸԼҲ㹻ǿģ˵ϳɾ͹ҵӦվȽŸԣش磬ȥɡѲǵǸ¶Ҫĺͯˡ
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ɵѾͷŮ鰮Ըû˭˭ҪҵǸסҵһҵĶͷء
ɳƣɬЩ̶һᡣſңת߳ӣįӰͶڼȵĳϡ
ش硭׷˳ȥסջסˣֻؿűıӰΪҲܸκγŵҪȫˡҵѡֳԷȥƯҲȥƯ޽ٵ˯ͬһŴϡǵģ֮ĸ飬ûа顣
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һӣܿʰùȥǣ׷磬ȥ
ѩ档÷ȻӭŭţϮˣȴò̤µó̡ʰƬһͷܭǣΪڴ˶סЩʱգǴҴҹ͡

˭59(2)

˲ʱĵĻ꣬ƮУʧӰ١
˾ܲҸ̾ʱ컯Ūˡ
ãã쳾ܿܿԲԸ֮󣬾δҵ֮
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λֵܣȥٻȻˡҳ̾һȥҸƧսңǸʲôأ
Ȼ˵ֵܱ㲻ƽЩǾش磬ԸȫĻرζҪǡ
ӣңҵˡǰҵӣĵؿңԸΪūΪ澣һ̺ӣɲܶһ˰
Ȱ⣬Ƕȥˡ̾Ϣҡͷ治֪ô졣ðɣԸǱŰɡ˵գǣ׷磬ǰȥ
ǡͷظںͷ
ҲԲǰ棬ипǧһֱҶأԼҲҪΪκˡκ¸ȺˣҵȴҲҼ縺һ֪ΪΪ֮Ρ
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¡¡¡¡ԽԽ춯ء
ķɳʮɸߣҰлһƬ˷ֲա
нֻͷȺףֱֳޣХӭչԼɼġơ֡
ǰ϶ǾеĴ󽫡һ׵Ὣ˧һƥǰͷֻݿ㣬º͵˫Ŀȴ͸ɣ
ͣȻһ̧Хһǰͷ˱㲻ԼͬںͷĴǰ漴ҲͣЩ׳ľһʹȥƼ죬ȴҲʱֹշ硣ԦտƥǾþѵֻһָˢˢͣ
ƾܹھϹ޲ˡս޲ʤԭ򣬵Ҫһ㣬¾һ֧ѵصǿӡ
ܭǼлǺӻƣ мʵǽνѹңָŽܭǣȻ󣬵ȴʮ־ˣߵ˶һȲǣٹһʱգʹȥ˵ͶǲǱΧסݲ㡢ĻɢʱٹҲ١
ϵĸ˵˵Ѻ񼽨½ˣ񼽨»Ԯ
ţжԲߡһڴˣԸڱʿסں¹ΡŴľ񼽨µԮʱɸһӭͷʹԸ꣬תţǰУظǰڽܭʮﰲӪկ
˵գȲȥ¡¡˲ķɳǵصϯ
ۣǾɣŷ׿۷ֱɷӦǣͳѫǺεȵҫ
૵ȥǱϽȥͶƾɡ
죡Ȼһصشŷ׵ĸŷŶƤֱߺߣæ͵磬ңҲǸ˼
ɵСӣ˵ġƾʱ񲻿ɵͶǣΪЦһӵˣûὨҵҫˡ
磬ҲǸ˼һġ
ŷ׻ٽʲôֵȥΧмһٺô򣺡㣬粻ˣ죡
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ŷ׵ĲҽУȴţĬĬسǰȥ
񣬿úܺáᶨƺЩ޵ĵˡҲ֪˴ӺζǶ˵ѾҪˡ
ǽɳôΪʲôüҪ΢΢һһһڵϡȥļ䣬е㣬ǵܻ۵̣˵ıȻĿ̹ǡ
׿ȥȥһɺĵطûϵңҲϵκˣһ¿ʼΪʲôƫƫҪʱҿ
΢˫ĿеƬ̵ѣΡѩԽŰˣŴŵϾһ˿ʹȻһǰ£ʹۿžҪϡ裬˲ȴӲرҿˣѪܣʹ顣
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Ŀһ޼ʵĲԭڲԭϳ۳ҡسǰţ·ЩװŵͻڸеĻʺҾơýƵıĺϡǻӲĺкã˵ֵԼ򱾵صͻ⡣
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ĴѰңǰȻһңһŮһƥĴײȺ׷ܣЩܲ˱ײڵأһʱ֮䣬кΧҳһš
ҶȥǰɢȺкȻֳһŮãȻĹˣ̧ͷٳȻɵˣ˶ܣֻվԭء
㿪Σ֮䣬͵ȥǰӹ§ڻо͵һյضļ̤
ǷȴûоʹֵֹͣͷسײֻһˣȫԶ㿪ģұȫӲĺӿˡˢذγĳȴȥ
ʱͻȻһɫӰ͵شڵǰһͷʹ˻һǰȣҺͺͷһߡ
ҸϽص֮ǰܿ
лл㣡ȷϰȫұ̧ͷ˵лֻͷźɫ磬ֻ¶һ˫ǳɫ
㡭ǳɫһоЩϤƺ

˭60(1)

㡭ǰһ뽫˿ϸԺȻһ󾢷ɨһãͷһŷǸŮ˦ĳޣͳ
ҸæԾȥնһĹٻͷǺˣѲ֪ȥ
ŮӽغȵСӣ漴һɫһ㳯Ҿ
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Ůһ𣬱ͷ˻סҵ֡һһǿ漴㲻ȣűǰҸϽһһ٣˲ɲסȥƣš
ǺŮһͻʹװ磬һϮɫĺۣŴƤѥһͷںڵ㷢Ʈ۾תţСɵı΢΢˵ɰ촽Щ񣬵ȴԵøԸУֻϧڲЦһܿǿڱݡŭݵصң˫ǵͨ죺뵰ȻҿұĽţˣҪ
ЦԷǣſץűӵ֣λֱײЩײˣǸӦ㣬ôҪҵ
ȥμᣬ˭ǵҵ·ˣŮһƲ
ȻԱ̲סλ㷽ŲҪײˡĸҪ
ҵһĺϵһëһָͷֵǮŮһ˦˶֪Ѿͷɵ꣬
˵ʲôȻṳ̆ǰһֽŽҪ֡
ҪһȻʹ˸ɫһ£ǿסˡ
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ŮӣЦչ˼Ҹβأ
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ιԼҳײģôҲҪ㵽ͷϣŷײ˵ûȳûˣôͲܳˣ
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ݣҷȥ
ͻǿö⺷ͣˤӡͳ˺ͻޱµı־ȡͷˣмߵϵĹ١
ϵģԭϳжĸѱأϵЩ˾տıݣɵҲͣȫеðϸҲϸű򡣹ʵܼ򵥣˭ܵյ㣬ڸ̨ϵͿˡ
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װͼڲĲԭʹϱѪڣƴȫš
ΧۿȺ򷢳ǺһǶԳƴֵһ𺳵Ĺ
ҵڽʱĳɶԽڣҹǸк֣ͨʤңܿ󲿷ֶ˦󡣵ȴһƥʼ˦һֱҲ
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ܻȥʰڵصӣͻȴһקסҵĸ첲סҵȥ·
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ʷࣿͻʹӵǸʷࣿһǵӾ鹹ôΪʲôʱջʵأȵȣ˵ʷӣôͻˡӦýаʷʲͻʵӣͻɺ
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ЩˣһԸȥ𣬿ȴʼ޷ǡر۾ΪʲôΪʲôӵܻص˻£ͺһܻҵĿռ͸ҵĺѹҴ
ֵܵɫΪѿͻ̤ǰһң岻ô
ңû¡ҡҡͷǰȻһ󷢺ڣһƬհףͻݵַסңҾһͷԵڵˡ

˭61(2)

ͻҵļ磬ʵôˣ
û¡ ƿ۾ѣιȥЩҹҶ޷˯ͻʺˮŵֽ߾ȫŻ
ҿɫ԰ףϢȣȥҵ®Ϣһºˡͻһ죬ҵļǰȥ
Ҳȥҵͽһ֡
Ȼͻʵǰԭʱ޺ãǼڴߣǺܲ㡣ңǻᰲȫࡣͻҵķǲңҶߵ˵Ҿ͵Ŵҵ汧ߡұţǱҲţѡһɡ
㣡ȫˣֻܱȿϣЮǰߡȻǼˣȻҲֻܸ˿Һͻ˹һԸܺõĸǶҲкι졣
ͻȽҷԼҲ󣬴ҵ
ͻϣҿԵظܵͻǿ磬Ȼ֪ЧҾֻѡĬ
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ҵǲΪȻͻʵ۹Ȼǿ󣬵ǱˣΪĸӹȻŷƽԭȷʵӢ£ϧʢƺҲʵ̫ˡ
˵֪ͻʴʱԭ˹ȷʵǿ˭СǣҶǵĹС˿Ȥ
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ˣ㲻Ҫ˵ˡҵͷʹˣֻó
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ҲЦһΪԲŲԸסķô
ǣסש߷ȷǵĴͳǾȴʽͻȻɴСеǸܷ͵סЩģǾӵ®ˡ
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жˣõôôʳڣòףæָĿڵõô®ô
ȻãȴҲӣūͻмġͻ΢Ц죬ƽܻӦ꣬ʱ®Ӵˣʣµ롢סޡճӴȵȣ֮һá
ǰһſǰӭӵͻŮˣţŮס®ĿһҲܿɹۡ
ҵŮˣͻһ£ЩҵūͣҵŮˡȻͷҶҵ®ȷʵҪһŮˡ
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Ůĸͷʹֻ޿κεҡҡͷ
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Ҳ󲽿ڡ
һұ㰵̧ͷʱи˵ǰӶе䵶ӭ

˭62(1)

Ҹһҫ۵ĵնΣ֮һһתһ
ԷȣһУӱЩǰ㣬ʧģ̇ңȵ㣬㲻ͻ
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ͻʱ߽֪Ǳʲôˣǹڻţһģǿ׳صײҵ֡
һ֣ײǰһͣĨ˵ĲӣһѪ˲ʱһ
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ͻȴɫ糣ƽʵû°ɣ˼ū͹ʬ̧ȥ
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Ȼû˵꣬ȫ˼ʹңҲɱ֮졣
ȫһ𣬺Ȼ
ӣôƿӣһװһ䣬Ҫȥô
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ӣͷɣΪһɫۣҲȥأӲܴһȥ۽ô
ǺǣУ㲻ȥͻ˵ֻдˡתļ磬֪ϲͻŮִȹӣͷһô
šͷΪ·ӣǸʷ๫㣬˵ȥǱˡ
ӣ֪ˣԺ󲻹ڲڣֻҪң֪ô
šǵͷССʵӣǶ㡭ǣǲǶԹҲ
˵ʲôұûͷûԵʻŪͿˡ
ʱͻӽ׼ô
ˣˡס
ͻߵ⣬ʷ˳磬˵ȥ磬Ҳȥ
㲻ȥͻЦ鼫ΪĶˣĵطǺʡ
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ô˰ֻĪͷͻΪηŭ
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Ŷʵظͻǰȥ
ûҹȻ֪ʷԭˣԭͻνĺ൱ԭļԺ
ʵʲǺģ®ûʲôֻͬǽǸӵĶˡ
סʮλռˣֻͨҪԸ⣬ЩָǮͿԱ˴´һҹ
ǸˡҶŮԵĵط˿ȤЩתߡͻȴץסҵ֣˹˵ҲҺܶҲڣʶǵĴûᡣ
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˵е˶̲סڿ͵ЦΪ˵һòǱ㲻ǶĪˡ
ҲӣȻûķ߿֮飬ҲĻֻͷ򴽲
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һЦ˵ɺ˵ЦˣЩҰŮӣɺ󹬵ļȣȻ˵ͷһŮ֣Щʩ衣
ҶЩݲȤֻǵͷǰĲ˷㶡ͻʵҪʳţ⣬ƺֻҪţ⣬ǾͲҪʲôʳƷˡǵиͻū͸ңһҪԵʮֻһͷţһƥϷˣҳԵò࣬ͻȴǲ˱󣬶߲Ʒֵϡ١ڸˮ͸ˣֱݳƷ˾ƽҲٳ߲ˮ
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ҾЩθȴֲұֳֻﰲοԼ££͵ţźˣӦòֶӵġ
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ӣǡһûӦתͷͻ
⼸նûʲôʳǳԲͻʵĿ⡣ͻͷչҶ˵ҲصǳЩϹ
ллͻлһƬҧһڣֻô㣬ֹʡЩˮ̧뿴ȥֻЩݣ̬ȡϵϺᱡ¶źƵ˫ۡ޳˫ȡǴȺУŤ趯ţд˵ͬⷢȵĻ棬Ի˵˳ǵɫУߵֿۣ죬֪¶ֳ̬

˭63(2)

һɫŮȺģƿˣ趯ţĶ˵ֱҡͻȻһŤǰһƵݸҡ
ȾȻСӡ˼ΣЩЦţЩ¶ɶʵɫ
Ȼޱߣôӣߡԭ˶ȡͻһԴȤʾãʱɴ
ҰͻһۣĸͷʹҵľʵڲãֻһҲǰ󡣵ΣҲɲȴҲȣ»и鷳
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繫ӺþȳĵһЦȥ»صƮȻ衣
ͻѹ˵ǺֶΣȻѾƵóķӡ
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һ֧ϣ˶̲סֽкáһʩҪ£һĴ׳˺ų˳ѸȣֱرסȣҺȱưɣ
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Ҫſңȸʹš
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ӣȾҡȽңץסҵ·
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Сӣɣ˵žҪǰ
ȵȡһ
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ҴӲռ˱ˡЦһĳͻҲͻǵĿ⣬ת˵ֿȭȴ䳤㲻ƽ
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ɣ룡̤ǰһһ̯֡
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ʣȷʵȲ̫ľ˸գʤǿɲǧ
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顱һ죬ӱݺݵɳȥһڵϡϵʮʹ࣬˵òᡣ
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ֻꡱ죬紫һҵʹʹһЩԵͻ

˭64(1)

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СתתֱۣЩʹǹؽѸλ޴ˡ
˲ò࣬繫ϸȴ˵áӢ۳꣬Ӣ۳꣡Цųޣȴһ˿Ц⡣
֣֣Χ۵Ҳæ͵
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ƹԼ®ȥȻ˻ҡҳһͣ½Ų͵ػعȥ˺󣬾ȵؽһʺ󣿡
ŮʺһЦﻹʲôʺ󡭡
ΪڴˣҲǰһʵ
¡ʺûлشҵĻ˰֣ЩūͺŮ˺ʮԶԶغš
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벻㡣δĳɶӳģʺ΢Ц˵Щһֱ˵иòķԭͻߣϸһȻ㣬Աһ档
ȲҪҵ£׷ʵ㻹δشء㲻ǱĻôֻᵽͻʣ
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ǺǣȻЩϲ̨ķֻ취ͻʵĴͳҶף˶ͻʵĿɺֻкôûлȻԸҡ֮۹ΣҪģǱɹˡͻһ߽һ֣ҵķḧɢҵķ˿ϲɢģڽʱɢųںڵķ˿а˳ˮһڼϡ
ôӻ᲻ˣĿͻ֣һͻܣʱ»ʵ䷴
ᣬսذܡͻ۵׺֣һ˰֧ԮͻʣһߴӺ
֧ԮͻףӺ²סҵͷ˼ǿɺҲԳսӦС
˸ãºսضͻĿ˲Ҫʵףұ۱ɡֱƱ֮үա
˵֣һһ䣬һͬմȨ²öԸ
սֻڳд£ͻҪطһͻ˵֣ԶսϡһҲѳ򡣡
أϾ壬üͷһšʵҲҪԶսô
ҲҪſҵϿɺ֮λ˵ҵ壬ҲҪͻЦһҪúõػţ⼸ҵĳ裬Ҫӱ
˼ؿ⻰ĳޣƺֻȨô򵥡
ɱҵĸ򲡶յģʵﺦġǿ׳ǲͻȻȾȥġͻ̧ۿңŭɱӿϺͫչҡ̵ң࣬߷緶ĸ˸Ůˣҵĸġ˳˺ޣˣҾܷŹ
һݣʱЩסͻʻףŮ˱Ʋһӻܼ̳СҲ˵ͻĸ˿ɺ֮λռŮˣͬͻĸҲһռˡܴ裬ͻ̣ͻݷãƽǰװһϷ˼ģʵϲ׾ӢֻΪ˵ȴһᱨرӦһС

˭65(2)

һ˲òҲòĴ̿ͣҲǵ谭ͻƺʲô˵пĦɱ֣ɱ˴Ӳʧ֡
ôĪɴȡҵ尵﻿ɱҵǲİֻɻΪʲôԼҲΪǵĿ꣬Ϊɱ㣬Ҫˣ
Ǵ̿һֱڰŻҪҵǶң֮ǰҵĸһ֣֪ͨˡͻɫҲΣСġ
˼ͻĻŷҵ˼ȻЦ
ͻһʵΪηЦ
ͻͻǸµˡҳ̾һԭΪһֱʵضңȫôһ£һֱƺҡ
ͻüбƳңƺ㣿˻
ʧɱǸ̿ͣʵģָʹġ˾˲ͽұƵӪУ벻㶼СֻǸ̿ͣװ׵Ƶ˵ţһ˿飬Ψֱ˲֪ѴӦ㣬ǰֵ޼䣬ĴŻ˵ĸɱҡ
ͻҲ򢷴ʵĻƺֻ˵һ룬ΪҪɱ㣿ˣûаô
Ϊҽ֣֪ҵĽ⻨ȭȻЩĵġɱĦȴҲ϶֣Ȼֻɱңұ㲻òˡҺܿде飬ȥҲ˵ˣƱ֮үӦⲻ۵СȻֻĴ̿ͿĦƴһˡ
ͻͻȻ쳣ʣô֪һУֻʲôأ
ѡôҲһһҪڿĦУҲͻţ̾Ϣһ˵ϲңҪȢΪޣһȴֽΣյС˿ЩΪʲôͻΪֵܣΪͬһˡ׺ݡֻ̡صøɱ̸Ц䡱˭İҵ˭ĵˣͱضҪʷʱ֮䣬˿оɱɼļӲ䵽̶ֳȡһȣҲҪҵһˣȴˡҵν飬ǽ˷档
ȻˣôЩұ㲻òˡͻҳȥߡ
ҪȥҲš
֪ܿˡͻҴһƬյϣذżݶ⡣
תͷǣ
ͻȻγ䵶磬
Ҵһһתùһʣһͻļ
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ҸסΣͻɸ䵶չĵضʧѸŷ֮仯޳ʵѲ⡣
δң˾ųٽڿл˰ԲŻĹơ
Ȼϧˡͻһһӣһƿջһǵصĺӭѹ
ұסһУֻһ˲ԥһĵϮǰ
һֱֿɽ֮ƣ浽ʺǰ紦յͣסͣʱ緢ʱ죬ͻȻ˲׽⡰һաʵȡһҾȣҲÿĵ
ĽȷʵȴɱˡͻյʣΪûɱеĲɱ˽
һ㶣ɱ
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ҳĬʱԶɫйԺױоǹΧĸйٴ̼ԽԽ࣬в˵ɱˣҲܸӦνɱˡ
ĽӦָܵ㣬Щ裬ȻȣȴݣɱˡȻý˲ϣɱˡͻһ˿ǰߵ˲̫㣬ǶԼ̫ţȷǵı֮£㲻ܵκ˺
һȷʵˡѧ̫ǱΪǿ塣ҽֻǽεȴδýɱˡĳɶҲѣɱ˵ļкܶ࣬ȴҺΪɱ˽ĳɶɱ飬ǴҶɱһˡ
뱣ףԲԸɱˣȴġͻĴһЦݣУ˫ûմѪȣ޷ȥĹʲôײס
ҳ̾һ˫ۡ
ԭ˶ϰ߽Ů˱Լ£һ˿һΣգͻȴ෴ͻбڷŵǿӲҪİŮҲսһͬսüҡ˴ϻۣӦףΪҪɱ˽
ε̾ӣҹұظ㣬Ҳϲ㣬ܼΪޡ
˵ûʲôܡͻǰ˫΢ţĻУ棬һҪõʲô֡
ΪʲôҪأϢĿ˼һƬɬϣõΨһİ飬ϣõð飬ϣõĳɶ飬ʵ֤̫̰ġ̫ˡϧһȫѣǽ壬ʰ
ҵ䱦ʵԼģͲڡ֮ˮͣشĥңаһĨɱˮʯֻѡΪһʯˮƶҡŭ֡һ̣ھ϶̣һŮҪһʱ̣ǿӲ־жκأ
ô뵽ͻȻЦ˳ӣ֪ʲôΪô
ţͻһ
Ҳ໬һһ䳤سͻȥ
ͻ״æתܿ˳γ䵶
ЦһһתسһбƻתͻĲȥ
ͻͺһγ䵶ֵұܣˣȴǱòһʱ
ǰһ󷢽һͻţֻꡱһǰ·ѱҵĽơ
һҪõʲô;ôҲƣս̬Ȼִͻļ򣬡ֻѡն˫ˡ

˭66(1)

ҹ󣬸ҲʼˡܵȼſζѤװŮŮΧһȦϯضǰİϷƹϹ
ͻʣһ£ǻᾺӵһǸۻ£һΪ˻չʾ֮ǼĺüڣǷǳ֣᲻ϡ
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ҵȻҲ룬ʱȻһһԾ͡
⺷ͻʺӣͻŮɣŮҶ첽š
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Ҷȥȴһڳĺͻ
׸ͳȴܹǰＤԽͻͳĸ𣺡İĹﰡصҵߣ·һȪҾú·һѸĿ紵ƣءĹѽԶһ𡭡
ϸϸϪˮʯ㻺ᣬͻָкͦεġǷŨ˫üݵѣǳɫ¶һѱʣƺɢһɿϢ
͹۵˵ͻȷʵǸŮԵˡڳڶŮӶճյؿһ֮ɫ
ͻȴ·𿴲ˣ˫ĺͫңһҲûƿ˵ȳֿװ׵İ⡣
ΧҲͬѰ׷ú۹ǡ
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飡Ȼһ
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ǶԼûôЦƵͻģûµҰģҲΪκһὭɽ
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ĳ԰ɣѿ͸ˡͻƺҵ˼սҪ²ŻܣʱҺ
أսܣٷȥȣһۣŽؾ׽ζȻûֿµζҲãսܣضһǧɡ㷢ȥΣȿԻڵӵҲһ飬ȷʵһ˫ĺüơ
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ððһ˻˴˷ʷȹѤ赸޵Цݣ欵һ˵Ŀ⡣ЩӿĿ͸ųΪܵõǵõһŮӣͬʱζŵõȨͲƸ
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˭ʹֻۣһ˫ǳɫ۾ڻ谵Ĺоˣ㡭
ƾٴӿҲ޷֧ţǰһתʶ׹ޱߵĺڰС
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㻹ʲôõķôңĿɲֹô򵥡ͻĿƵң͸¶װ׵Ҫ֪ûмӵ߶ֺûгô˻ռ㣬Ǿˡ
ҴĿ¹ֵ˭أҪֻܹԼ̫⣬ǱҾƣԼΣ֮СپЩͻ㲻лɳˡ
Ҫ£ұȸˡ³ۣĮȻ
վסͻһǰȦסҵҲѾѴ֮ؽѹëձϣǿֱ۽סΪ侲ͬһҹˣҲĮô쳣رʡ
ĮΪҸķӦأУѰٻôЦͻ͸ҵϷȵϢҵĴϣҲ˵֮ʲôҲûռңҲѰ̼ǴӴί㣬ҵѡֻһɱ㣬Ӵ˲˵
ôͻɭɭЦţ͵ؾҵ䣬¶ֱһعɰʱҾͷźˣԭعɰɣĴȻ֤Ĵ࣬ȴ˵죬֪жռĴ֮䣬Ĵѹݺݵظҵġ

˭67(2)

֪ԼĶ֣ҲνֻľȻؿţûκηӦ
ǸŮͻȻͣӸңҲҪһȫӲʬŮӣҪʻ㣬ĸԸͶһ㣬Ҫİ
ҵ˵ӣҵˣԶܵõ
Ѿ˱ˣô㣿Ĺȥӣͻüḧҵ̫̫Ӳ̫ŶͣʮˣʮţⲻһŮеʡʲôֶΣ岻еǲߡ
ҲؿȻ𣬽ʮ¶ʮգա
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ͻ˵úܶԣҵѾҵһϵˣͯʱϲĵһˣԺҾϲ˵ڶ˶Եһϲ˶ٶЩᣬԼ󲻵õʱ򣬸ǳճյزԸ֡һֺһֱܡѽμԶԶطĵףĵסĵ桢Ρĵط۽ٸˣǶô㣬ҲȥˣΪ֪Լ˭
־ʵҲŮһս綼ǿǶѹ磬ѹ硣ŮҲһǷ򳪸棬Ǹ棬һǿƵģƽǿЦĿ¥һҪһƱҪһ޴òһɣȻܷһЯҹҲɵ÷ɣڶŮ˹һ
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ҿˣֻƾűܺὣסĵԼǿޱȵľȫһ𣬼㲻ȡҾڵϹ˺üȦɲסӣһŵ棬Ծ
ɿĦȴҴϢʱ䣬һ̧ͷĵҵؿڣȫ޻ɣȴɱˣֻҪһءֻŲվȣת֮󼪣һ֮ģǱɡ
ȣХһתס˿Ħĵ档
һ죬ҵĽײһѼ᲻ɴݵƵģһĵûдҵ壬ӵ洦ɭ䵶ȴƺųҵڣ·ҵһ̾ҪµĵնΪˡ
һȻʱסˣҵһαĦĵʱоѾ֪ԼĶ֣Ӳһˡ
Ħһٵ
ӲӲ·һ뵽һ㣬Ծɸߣϰաǡɿôһ㣬ԿĦ˴ûɵǵֻԭվĵط
ƾֱѸӵĦͷֱ䣬ȻЩ죬ҲĦǵס
ĦеĵⲢһּתŵ׹¡
޴ɶ㣬Ҳˣֱֱش̳һȫûнʽȴγ޼᲻֮ƣںڰлΪһâ󷢶سĦǴȥ
ĦȻͬھæյ󳷣յرܹ׷һ
ӣʲôȻ˯ԱߵһǳߣǱˣ˿ƿܽ
ˣʱĦƴཻۣ˽׾ͻᱻˡ
ΣգҪֻø߽һʾ
ˡĦЦһʹұ졣ƺȫڳϣѪĵΪһ壬ǿԦ˲Ŀ⡣˵һǵ֮߾硣
һҵѪ֮ȻҲܲסҵĽҲֵסģΧҲһݻ٣ҲᱻУ
ҵʲôҲ˲ˣѰȥںǰ§ڻУȥ˵һľ糸ɨҵĺ󱳡
ꡱһҺ󱳵·һӡ˵˿ҶƤѪˣֵҾȻֻЩʹ Ȼݷǳźһɣһ
ŶˣҴҵĲ˿ףԲŴѲӹһ١
ĦЦϧ񰡣Ϊ˸ŮˣȻԼԲҪˡ
ȥʱҲ˲ʲôˣһץһƣ㽫ӳ⡣
һ̧ͷĦĳֹ˹úͬʱѷޱȵĴһ񲻿ɵͭƤҲһеκһ
֪㲻Ҳˣӭ˳ȥһ˿ͣͶûУֳչһӵ֮̽롣
ĦĳҵͷʱҵĳҲ̵ǰ
ȴһͬʱס֣ɱҲʧӰ١ȻǰһƬڣ֪ĦңҲվԭأǾڿ˴˵»š
һᡣĦȻðôһ䡣
ţһ㶣ֻһԷһ˿ĦѾˡ
иȫ˫ָľòԼģŵɱ˽֦ͬľһƬҶҲ£Ҫ˵ɱˡ
Ϊλ赹⣿ͷȻȻŷ׵ô£
赹⣿һ£æƿ˳ȥ
硭㡭ͷ΢ĹߣҿȻŷ˴ľֱֱؿҡ
ôˣʶصͷȥŷֿĦղŴӱǵȻҵĳˣͷĲ˿Ҳˣʣµ޷סҵ¶ҲŰɫز

˭68(1)

ôˣһ·߳ͷëձϻԲѵĺ
Ȼæ޴󰭣ֻǱ˴Ӻˣһѹˡ
ţǾͺáˣǿĦȥʱεôȻһ˵Ҳһ̧һһضҡ
Ȼŷֻһ䣬ҳʵǻô
Ȼͬ
ãˣǱ㽫֮ǰɡҾʹԼƽԶԶҲҪټ£֪ô
⡭ŷһ£ȴûпڡһԵȻ͵һ䣬ȴǣ֪ʲôҲûҲԱ˵ǵĴ磡
áҰ˰֣ͺ®Ϣɣ
ǡŷηӦܿ죬ʩ󣬻ȥˡ
ȻǶһ£ɿתͷһۣתȥ
ų̾һϨ𣬻ɵëձϡ
Ҫˣоˡвʱף磬Щˡ
ұĿ뷽žĶǵһĻ
Ħĳͷ£ֻһͺȻסˡ
ҵĽʺԼֻһ磬ȴҲͣס
ȻҿԸоĹâҡ
֮ԺȻսΪҸоĦɱȻһ˲ƺûɱ֮ģһұһ󵨵ľˡ
ҿҵжûдĦҲյվʵ˫õѡΪǲ֣֮бһ£ԶҿֻȴһҪҵ
ȴյˣռϷʱյˡڹŹǰǻһȦջǼһС
Ҳſʼ£ȻϸЩأЩѹ֣ȴǺ¡
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ʲô£
ˣˣˣˣͻЩ״Σڰˣڳˣ
ţһ£漴׹ͻʴˣвӦҪˣ
ǣյսĪ׷ĵ˶Էͻʵıסϣͻ˷֮飬ĪүҸԭȵĸѴӦһֻ֮Ҫһ̾ͻ˳Ӧʱγң
ǹϲӣ¿ɳˡȴûаϲ֮飬ֻ˵
ôˣ㲻ΪҸôͻ쵽ҵ㡭ʲô·ô
޴·Ҳʹ˵ֻǿĦˡ
Ħͻһסҵ֣ô
û¡ƽس֣Ħԭлɱҵģǲ֪ΪΣȴȻס֣ҲˣҲŵԱס
ס֣ͻɻ˵˭֪ĦĵѪǾʵģȻŹ㣬ȷʵ˷ѽ⡣
ӵĻƺźûоʹĵ£ʵźûɱΪȥһĸ󻼣
ΪҪô˵أ̫ˣûϵĦô֡ͻ˫һգ§֪ˣҶҹػߵġģ㰡
ӣʵ㲢ûôϲҡңΪҪһġ㹲ͬ˵Ļ顣ûţ̾ϲʲôأ⸱ƤôӮ˽ɽ㻹᲻ô˽ɽûƵŮʮꡢʮȥˣҲȥʱҾͻһϮ˵ĻۣԶظס
ʵÿ˶ֻóԻŮˣԲϵŮӳΪ׷ȨƵƷǵİ飬ͬʱӵа뽭ɽȻõģһ˳ͻģԶŮ˺ǵİ顣Ǹ˵ģĳЩ˵ŮֻǼ·ЩˣǴֻԼ
ûаͻҵңȴҵĴҡ
ұᷢȥʱҪҵĽģͻȻԸ⣬תڵҵʤÿɺ֮λұҪҵޣ㽫Ϊʵ
˵Իֻѡ۾϶䣬ǡ
ܾҲûãҪ㡣ͻƺҵĿܣͷҵĶͷҲҪҳߣһʱʱ̿̿㡣
ӡȢòãΪһ衣
ȡҴһЩеĲ˳㣬㷽˵ʲô
Դӹоңұ㰵ģʹţҲҪһڹߡͨһǰ֪Լݱ΢䲻Ϲӣϲӣԣ빫ӡ
Ҹæ𣺡ɵѾͷй֣֮˵ʲô䲻ɵء
ҹٴңҲŹӶһҲûСȴִⲻӣҲңֻһСС檣Ҳϣһ̺㣡
Ǻϲ㣬ֻ㵱ӡĸͷʹ֪νֻͣôߣһúչ㣬ֱ޵Ϊֹ
ӣҲҪӣҪֱᡣ
лú˵㣬㲻ҪްŮǰᣬʱæң֪Ǻá
һĪչʱȻһεεŮô
̧ͷȥղİʷƿӣܽ΢öûˡ
һ鷳죬ܷϢһӦһ֪ʲô£
ʲôڵΣʷʱüΪαޣ
ӣңȸˡּæĨ˰ᣬɿܳ
ȵȣңҡап࣬ƺҲϴˣ⸺ǵˡ
ˣѰ֣곡ϷҲġʷ㬵ػ˻֣ʵ㿴Ѻòÿ
ţһ㶡ֻһϮۣ졢ڡȹڶžĽߣ糺װǳɫɴȹϵСĽɫǹޡˡ
Ưʺ㡣Ե̾·Īǡ
ҵѽʷ̧ҡ
ģŶԴˡҴӦ˺ͷȥͻŮִȹӣΪƯԱһ͸ʷࡣ
·ҺϲʷƣʱӭȢأ
ҽͰ͵˵ңӭȢ㣿
Ϊʲôͬһ죬ŮȢأʳһջᱻԼװ
侲˵ʵǰȥҪ߰ʷࡣкȻһ֡ұͻڴ˴ߣƾһ֮ǾѲãԽʷҪͲʲôˡ
Ǻǣһ񣬶ǿɺ飬뵽һһת֮Ҹأ
ʲôʵ;͵ģҲŲںЩأֻҪϲ㣬ҲϲңʲôأʷСһƲֻϲϲңԸԸȢң
šò绨ȻϲġһףӭȢ֮£ʱ޷㡣
ʷ಻ʵΪΣ
ԭ˽ĸ֮ý֮ԡɻ飬ǱǴТһЦұȥжһУӭȢ
ԭ˹࣡ʷüƵɣգҺһԭȥҲȥĸĸء
ʷ⻰»дϲȴ˵վͻôӿ΢˵㣬㸸ֳڴˣǻ١
Լ£ΪҪǻ˵ʱʱʷ಻ˣҪˣǻੲݵ߶ɴֻ˵ȥˣŲ֪ȥĸĸء
ЩʱյĽӴʷƢһԣĿһУ˵ƫԽԽҪ»ʵ䷴
ҹһǳֳͻЩ£½ڶ޷ԭˡ
ߣֻʹˣʷ߷ߵ˵һת͵͵ػԭòã
ããȻˣȻ룬ǳɵʵǷЩף
ʷȻˣͷ˵᲻ᡣұȥ׼վ͸Ҫ棬ЩʱղŻ͵͵ػҵĶУǱ֪ˡ
лҲϲ
ʷȻһ죺㻹ҹ
㹫Ҫʲôһ㶡
ཱུøˣգ㲻ô
Ҹæҡͷֱǿɾ̫ˡ
ҵĸֳҲ¶һ˿Ĺ֮顣ʷĿƵضңңܴ﹧֪ôľˡ
󰵰һʷȻԣȴҲɵϣôúŪġֻú˸ɣãȫˣʵ˵Ϊ̫ˣôҲǲסҽҲֿڡ
ĻҲŰʷ࿩Цҵ̫УҲ游ҡΣ
̽ؽһʷϲ޲֮ɫ㻺⵽ǰִ֡ʷȻΣȴ֮⡣
˶ңǺأɷнµԼ࣬˵ʱ󣬡лл㡭
ʷؿҵĻС
ԽӲһ£ӵЦԷǡûϵƽһջˣȴһŮӡ
Ǹˣʷࡣǵѣֻѡƭ㡣ϣպ֪ܹ࣬ҵĿԣԭҽյΪ
ҹұ˫ۣһվһô¡
һ̽Ľ
ǡѸתĪүô
ǷȻñŮƯˣĪ߻ļӣ߳´ңͻȻش齻㣬Ƿ̫ˣ
Сүоϻ˵úãʥ˲ߣ˲͡ɴߣ޹ݵλ޹ءҹʩ񣬲үΪٶѵΣǲƲҷǿͻӡ
㵹ݡĪ΢Ц㲻˵ˣҼͻǱҲ㡣
лү¶ЦݣľƣүȻصġ
ͶͻӪĸǩʾԼľģǷŴĳĪߵݸһӣʱԽԽˡ
šҪЩԷԼأٽǱͳͳչҽӹַ˼ҳֻͷдмǲ̫һ˷֡ˣĸүգԶͻʵĲӻ֮ǰһҪǣס
ֻǣסôĪ׹һβɱһݣ
Уʱδ˿ɱ˲գĶдǲѹ˵ġҼҡͷЩԭҡڲʱǼƲͻӵͷǾͻṦһˡ
˵ҲǡǲšĪͬҲعηֻҪ־ϸ۲ƾС
ү˵ǡֻҪȡһϲϿɣԷųȥҽ˫ֵݻĪߣͻʶ֪Ѿȡ˿ɹ۵ʤ
ֻųôĪɻ󣬡ȡðϲϿɣеıһβƴһսȫͶأ
ԭ顶ӱԡǹսΪʤ֮Ҳս֮֮Ҳ˼Ҫıȥսʤˣ⽻Ʒˣٴǽ˵ľӣǹԵءһ˵ҶǶͻʵ񣬺ο༱űཻأȵռбϵƣȻ֮飬ʵʱԱȣǱͶҷһͲش󶯸ɸˡ
֮ͻʵıڶͻʵеȻˡҽ˵ʦسֿ˸죬ǱλͲʲôˡʱȡÿɺ֮λ˳Ӧģ˳ˣø߱λĶ
ȻЩıѹͻĵطȥͻʣߵ鶼㡣Īҵļ򣬡γ²ɣ
үˡʵзǳͻ֮ûսΪںΪһУ˿ã˿ţֻΪѵҡˣнģָһҹ߼š
齻ϣĪҲ漴˵Ǳ˵İ죬ȸˡ
үұȭʩ񣬶̧ͷϵ¡
ͻͻľôˣܷÿɺ֮λǱҪԼˡ
ûգʷΪ˼ʮӳšҲУһ˱ԭˡ
ҿ׷磬ǰţϸŵԵķ⡣ʱǶĩ;ǱİѩḲԶɽȻƬݵؾϺЩݻƣСƬСȻǿסһֲ̣ΪƽЩ⡣
ľɫʷ໶ȸԾز׷㿴Сӣ
ȷʵ΢ЦŵͷЩԭĺеĲιƣеˮϸϸʡڲԭͬһĴСдƮڲԭϣõĲԭ
ҺͰʷಢҲʱָ;ɫ˵˵ЦЦ˺óһ·
ʷͻȻһµ֪ΪηƢӣϴܿƵسǰٳȥ
ͣͣͣʷûϵͻȻ񲣬æеŵûʧɫҪסƥȴ޼¡ƺܵ˾޴ľţг˻ţͷҰڣͼʷ˦
ʷʱѾסˡرסӣҺţѽ
Ҵ󾪣׼߶׷ǰȥȻȴͻȻסҵȥ·磬ɣ
һ£æʵΪΣ
磬ҪȥˣԻȥġΪһ·㣬޷ѡȻе˵ǻǳᣬɡ
תͷĹˣΧ˶ǰȥȰʷ࣬ע⵽ǣȷʵߵĺʱҲɵ۾ѵ˵ʧֽţ
ûڹ·롣ȻʵسˣһʱƥŻḺʹ񱼵ġ
㡭ȻڿһİˡԭҲ˽ʮ꣬Ļȴˡ
ǰĻ̌ۿȥʷʹ񱼣ٶȿþˣ˵޷׷Σ
˰ʷһΣͶĻΣκʧⱲӶİġ
ȻֵǳߣǰʮĵطңϡȻ˵Ȼҷ׷Ķ䣬˵ȫˣݣ
磡Ȼ󼱽Сȴѹ˲һţ׷۵糸㳯ǰȥ
£ڣֻһ׷˰ʷ࣬޷ӽ㾡ǧٴ̼
ʷҧأӣҵֺʹҿҪץסˣ
侲侲Ҫ侲¹ҷ侲²ɡҷٶȣСĵؽӽʷ࣬е£һץסģ죡
ңУҲܷ֡ʷ֣̫û취֡
£ֻһ¾Уһץסģٴ׷翿ʷ֣죡
ҡʷһ̧ͷµ͵һһһɣ˱߸

˭69(2)


ǧһ֮ʣҲ˲࣬ϰ̽ȫƾ˫Ԧ˫ץס˰ʷ࣬һʹԼ
ƥ˦˰ʷøˣȻ׷ײ˹
ɿ׷Ϊ˶ܷ͵سһǰڿգϰ
˫ֻŰʷ࣬ץסľһ£̱˦˳ȥ
׹ʱʶؽİʷ§Լ档
顱һ죬ֻԼļ˵أұŰʷڵϹ˺üȦͣ
ҷسİʷû°ɣǰȫˣ
ûûˣҡʷ۾ңһͷһᣬ赹ҵıС
ʱ˲Ÿû°ɣ
û£ǾŹȣ˹ȥæ˵ҸΪΡ
ǡнӹʷࡣ
ǿվʱžһʹһµòᡣ
Ҳ˲ˣҡҡλεؿ׷硣æھΰʷ֮ʱ֪ز뿪ˡ
˶ʮڼȻǰݵ
ӣû°ɣæסңˣ
޷ǻǸϽ߰ɡҡҡͷǺܿᷢǲˣʱ׷ġ
ǡôһ˵Ҳٵ飬·
磬ҪȥأȻҲǰС
̾һᶨ˵ԭ
ԭԭһֱڵȴһشΪڴش̫ˣ־شϣĴ𰸣ֻѡͣӡΪҺֽ֣ȴ֣ѡǶߵúܼѡǰü谭ѺԽοǵ롣֮Ծ񣬿ĲǸԶ԰ļֶѡΪݸ飬ҷݹ˹ԵʼҪԣҲҲӱˡ
Ҫԭˣ־ϲڿԻؼˣ
ؼңؼҵ·ﶼָ֪ôȥأԳЦˡֵǵ˷ҾΣҲɵ˵ǸΪҵԣҲҵ롭
˵ʲôŷ״ҵĻǼ磬һһظ㡣־Ƕ֧ģԹԣ
ǰ硣˶ͷ͡
ллǡ̲סЦˡҲһУôҸ嵨ĵأ
ȻȻɫ磬ʲô
ʱѾˣˡԭһƬžϮ
໡ҲһǰһֵĽЩ˾ʧıشҪ
ҺȻ˸սòǺɣ
ţʵҹɫкȻϢðһƥɫֳһƥƥƥأƥҰΧһȦسˡ
вɰпࡣȺҲʵ̫ˣϴȺξȻȺΧˡ
ӣ⣬Ҫôأŵɫɪɪ
£Ⱥһṥǡǿ򶨣Ȼǰͻ˵Ļԭϵӡ¹ȺûбҪˣҲ֪ǲǵģǣʹǱ븴𣬷ǲ׹ġ
ôŷ˿ڿˮ磬㣬ȷǲṥô
谵Уֻ˸ɫâԽԽȺͷɭĿգֲĺС
Ⱥڰ߲ʱǺٷģҹȴϲͷպС׷磬شȺԱ߹ȻֻһȺ·Ұǣ㽫ǵҸǰߣǧҪתԳֹȺ
һСزţȺȻûǡۿ˫Ҫˣ֪̫»̫ˣȻˤȥһѹһͷСϡ
໣һԵĸǻУ̱ѹһ
һ׹ѩĴ󵶺˹ȥĸǱۣҺһڵϡ
ŷһס󵶣һֽ
ŷ׵һȺԭʶĺжȻ˽࣬ƳΪ̴ټȺǷ׷׻ͷ¶ķźݣŰΧסһȷӹмƥѾ
СģʱѱѡֻӲͷƤӦսˣҡˢسһƥ롣ǵİط˳ȥѪڲݵϡ
ŨҵѪζĴ̼£мƥ׺ݵΧ˹һХһ׷米Ծ£չǼֻҰǾҵĽ滮ʺһڲݵϡ
ȺƺǱǿĽסһʱ֮Ȼٳǰ
Ҹû˿ԥȺȥڲԭϣʹԱӴȺǰֻѡתܣȺҲûϵǾȻűгǳ˹ȥһʱܾ׷ɢмƥҵĳɴشʺȥצҿµ׷粻ǱԣȺǰӣһ·ɳۣƥ˶Ұǰű¡
ǰͷҿ·еѹ󣬲ʱѳȺİΧ򶫼۶ȥ
ȺȻѸ͵׷
˵ǵ⼸ƥԣٶȱǿö࣬ת֮ͰȺԶԶ˺ͷ
ﶼôʱҲųջͷʵŷȻ
磬ˣŷ׾ŵؽеȻСа󲻼ˣ
ʲôһ䡣һʮˣҡȻŷסС塢ССֵܣԼ󡢰缸ֻʣˣȻС밢
üͷһȺУûӳ
磬ΣһҪǣһδ˵꣬˶˵ϡ
ɵϣΪһǣôȻûѪΪˣΪֵܣǶĵͬ壬κԶзޱߵҷ˵ǼȻһ磬ǾһһֵˡֵѣҾṶ͵, Ըͬᶪκһ
硭˶ݵؿҡ
Ǻŷ֧˵ʲôסˡ
Ҳǰļ磺ŷ㱣ȥֵܺһȥȻǡ
磬Ůӣ޸֮Ӧõġŷ׼ˣ߳жֵѣܶ
Ҳ˵ˣŮӣ޸֮һ·ô˱ŷ㽻ˡҴյŷ׶˵֪һֱϲ֮ǰǻûͺ˻ԭúùӰɣ
˵գұһתͷ˺ߣ
ӣҪң޺׷ȴŷסˡ
ŷúչ˺ݣһģתͷٿ񱼶ȥ
ãŭǺ˺ҧ˵ĽкǰҶһȻǹȻԱȺУѪѵƴɱţƺѽƣۿҪֲ֧סˡ
һдȻѱҰ˵ػеĳϵҰǡɻûƿǵʬ壬ִһƥҰǣſڱҧסȡ
ȻҷƿջͷѪ漴һҵİȾɺɫ
磡ȻҸӵԾ𣬼˵㲻ӳȥˣôֻˣ
ǲᶪֵܲܵģתűͬʱֻӳһʱһƥ룬Ըͬᶪκһ
硭ȻЩɳơһڣмƥŴڡ¶ݵҰĻ
ʱѾ˲˵ˣѹѹȺΧסԽԽࡣһһ˹ƺҪ˺ƬŸġ
ɱذڲݵϵʬѶѻɽǵȴ˿٣
ȫѪζ˲ԭεˣ񵶸һ
ҽµĲݵѾѪȾ˺ɫϢԴЩʬͷҵĽ£ŨضµϢܡ
ԭҹͺ䣬ҾýҹķǸش̹ǣ໹΢΢⣬ȫľ
˵ǿҲߵһ̣ܿ죬˶ȷġ
ſڴڵشϢţٶȽϡѱץ˺ۣѪ߿ʼģĪǣҪ
УҺȻһʹͷһԭƥҰѴڵǰҧסҵСȡ
Ҷʱ㲻ȣˤڵءƥһҧҵ֣Ҿ͵һȴŹңſҧסҵ硣ҳʹһӣնͷһ̧ͷһƥҰ˹ǷݼҧҵĲӣǧһ֮ʣһѳ˹ǵšҰǵɢ˳ѪĴ罦
磡ȻǰȫܶȫڵϹӲд
뵰ȻóܵȺǣܿòסˣ鼱֮һǰصһƥǣһƥҰȴ׼ĴȺݺݵҧȥ
ȻʹشһҲˤڵءʱȫʧȥ˵ֿȴſ˫ۣ§סԼסҡ
ȻҾСȺͺڱȺǲ̵˺ҧţֱرңһֱûзſ
ڶǵݽҪҧȻʺ֮ʣһɫ⻮Ƴգֱǵ˦棬εض˲ݵϡ
һ̶ͻֱĤ׶,˸еͷʹѡ
أֺԭϹǵȺͬһһ㣬ڵϲϵطתƵĲֻߡ
⾰켫ˣǼһֱţЩǷ׷Ӵܡûһ˵ЩѪģǵʬ⣬еǶˡ
ҾؿǰһУתȥֻһƥ
ӷֻ߽źɫĲֻ¶һ˫۾ؿҡ
ƿѹϵȻȻС˿ǣٻͷֵܣȻˣҲţŵġ
㡭̧ϸǸˡ
Ŷ֪˭üȻϵ
ǿĦҶȻϵˣȴϵĵ
һЦңԭ㲻ֻʶˣܻ顣
ΪҪңȵĴҼͷһ̣ʶض㿪ҼǵµĴ̿ͣȡġ
˵Ҳԣ㻹ɵȻΪ⼸ܻĦջ֣شҵĻأ˵ţһνֵô
֪ΪҪˡͻǶͻʵһ֣ڴ˴ӵһĳȻλû֧֣Ҳȿɺ֮λü㱾ӵȨλϳְͻҲϴ󺹵ı۹⣬ϵεȨͻɶԼңͻһˡ
ĦһЦȴвܴǣͨܶظ޳ָỮҵգޱߵҷͻȻմѪգС˵Ѿͷ㻹ǲ´ˣҲΪͻһ顭
㣡ȫϲľٶ־ŭ漴һĳ
һ׾ٵǺǣˡδ䣬ͼ㲻صȥԾƥɱתһһʧӰ١
ʱȫһ̧ͷҹգҫ۵ȺǷ·ֿɼ
硭ֵߣѪۣǱԿһȻЦ
ٺ˴ʱ˵ɣÿ˶˿¶ĵЦݡ
С˵ôȻʱϵСһڣΪʹŤΣʵ˵صǸˡ
أһԵİ󲻿Ȼļ򣬡ͱ˵ˡ
ȻǹȻĵһĿɹݵģȻʱʹ۷ףЩʹȥ
ιιɱ漴ˣæץȻļҡһΡ
Ȼʹ죺֣Сӣҿ챻Ĵ³ˣ
ǸҰˣæȥȻ·Ҫ鿴ơ
ιιҪҵĿӣȻȴ飬ţСвȻ˵·
ӣҪˣ
ʲôʲôÿģ㻹

磬Ҽջúóһٰɣŷ׻ͷҡ
ţһ㶡
ǰ硣ͻʵʱճЩ⣬Ҳ˵·ҲǳԸˮصԭɷԶٺõأ
Ȼˡ̲סЦˣ˵úڿ̱Ƶġ
·иСƵ꣬·˶ͷվ,СˡȻǱȥǼɡ
˶޳ɣ׷ꡣ
ұܴһ£Աһڿռϲ˵ľơ
ι˵ôҲ齵˴ƣΪƾ񼽨࿹أ
Ȼ˵ˡ˵ա
˵ɵأ
ɲǡ
Ǽ˽ζ̸ţһת˻⡣
˵·׷׳Ƕһˡ
˭
˵һзꡣ
û˵ʲôģ
֪µıô
Ȼ֪ˡֽ˶˵˭õǱأ˭͵Ӯ˰ڽɽ
˵ǲرͼڷС

˭70(1)

硭ֵȻҲЩ˵ĻǶתͷҡ
ʲôҪ˵ҲҪʣسٷѹֵҡҡͷ극󣬸Ͻ뿪ôһʮˣ߽δҪǲԲȻߣ¸ע⣬Ĭسߺˡ
ǡֵ֪̬أҲҶʡ
ûһǵķ˱ˡһȻζسţһ߲˵̸
˵·֮ҪҷΪǲرͼ
ȷˡ
˺ããҪҳһ̸ףǴ롣
ҪҳǷѣ˵ΪӣȴüֱŮӻҪƯ֡
ŶһӾȻŮӻòô

⻰̲סЦ
ȴһ㶼ЦɻءȺ˾ʲôĿأڴ֮ͥüɫ۲رͼ֮£Ū˽֪ȷʵǾϲ⣬ò
һ˵ǿɱЦòǻĵġ
˻
˵㹬еΪȻǧ˶֮Ժ󣬶һأ
ôһ˵ʹûвرͼҲǷǺηʥ
ԽԽľΪЩҲᴫ˳˭ųϢ˵ûв͸ǽһвرͼϢ˵Ӧ֪ŶԡĪܣڽܭǵʱʹұص䡭񼽨£Ҳڳѵ޳ǣܣһֱֵܣһɢϢҡ
˼ţи׳žƺ߾֪Ǻȶ˻û·һģȻصײϣľҲһ
ţһ˸ãλС磬һʱԲײ㡭
޷޷ҲעĿҲƽϣͷ˰֣ʾˡ
㡭׳ҼۣԶһ£Ҳû˵ʲô˾ƺתߡ
㿴޶ŮȻװӣòҿûмŮܼòŮӼٰİɣ׳߻Լӣһ˵Ҳ֪ǹĻһţڳȫһ
ôһ˵мӱͷ࿴ҼۣҲ壺ԣһǸǸİģ
ǣŷ״ŭҰס֣ʹ˸ɫŷ߷߲ƽߣ
ߣ˵زֵ˵漴һӷϣߡ
СӣţȱߣúÿΣǸôǸӵ׳Ƕ£˵УȻһסҵȥ·͵סҵ򢣬̧ҵ˵ⴵƵļ㾫١ҴûôƯ֤ʵһ£㵽ǲǸˡ
֤ʵһתͷ֡
׳¶һ˿аЦݣ򵥣Ŀӡ
ðҴͲִ򲻻֣ڵˣ򴽵ЦҪ֤ʵº㣬ǲһˡ
˶䡱һЦ
㣬㡭׳ûֵˣҵһһ˵ң۾Ȼ¶Ц⣬ֿڳˣǹȡֵġ๫ɣ 
๫һ㶡
СүǶȻ๫͸֪ء׳Ҳ˵һḶӵģүȥүȺȺүһ
һüͷȻ峯ںѸ͸ˡڽ鲼¥ԺһΪ潵ĵطС๫á๫áӸСкѡȡģ裬ü١Ĩ۴¥Ůһӭӱ͡ӣ๫
ŭգ޲øȭһ֮Ҳ֪ʱ˷ֻǿסƹ׳ȥ
ϣôļӣͷأ׳ֽһҵļ򣬡˵СүĻûУ
ȥɣҺȻ͵һһȾͰߵڵأȻҴ磡
磿ÿûǸ磡׳һͦӵԾӾҪ֣˸Сӣһ֪Ǹ๫Ǹ˻Ǯȡֵģ
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ħȻڻͷϣҵĻȭͷͳǰȥСү֪ҵ
үҾ棡׳ҲʾͷһᣬһȭһȻСϡ
ϣŷһȻ˿кֵһϣܿ׳ǱߵŤһš
ס֣ۿʰֻѡ֡Ծǰֿס׳
ŶСӻӡģһ飬Ļò׳ﲻɲţȭͷ㳯ҵؿڴ
Ҳò㿪Ϊֹⳡ־磬ұ˺֣΢һɣŲƣƺһֵ׳Ĳϡ
׳۷ףӴҡ£ͨһԵڵء
ˣߣһкֵܡϧѾˣһֱϲ۵ȫǰ
꣬䣬Ϊ״ɫ۵ЦЦؿңǷԲԣ
̧ͷһ֪ʲôʱ漸ʮٱģѽΧʱҷ侲˫ָ󣬳ʵǾʲôˣ
ʲô˲Ҫɫ۵ЦЦ繫ӣ㣬߰ɡ
ٱĴӵ£ǺԵС·ȥܿ㿴һʲʻ桢ֺ׳۵Ĺ
ɫ۵ִƣ˱㳩ͨ裬ӺСŽ빬
ʱǱһȺٱߣֻʣҸŴɫ۵ӡ
繫ӣ롣ƹ˳ŵǰȥһͥԺԺ䲻󣬵Ժһأˮ΢峺һ
ҲźۼشܣҲ೤ϣһɫ۵Ժȥ
ǣҺؼӿŲȥϸϧǳһֻıӰ˵ӰҾЩϤһʱȴôҲ벻˭أ
繫ӣӡ·Ӵҵ˼һָǰӣǺܿ˵Ҽ˾ڴУ롣
ҵ˵ͷʵǽҵĵǴδȥˣ
΢һѰȥϢˣ빫Ӳعġ
һüȥϢˣǱǹѺ˰ɣ⻰ûʳڣµҲֻҿˡ
繫ˡӾֱǰߵ˼ţ洫һ˵ͳ
ŵģѽһƿţұȥ漴ֱˡ
̧ۿȥֻһɫгͷڣִһָֻ֬ƺĳ˳صʹǰϣң˫Ŀӥͬʵټһ㣬һɵ֮ǳ
С˷μү˫ֱȭҾʩ
΢һ̧֣룬֪Ǻˣ
Ȼ֪ܹٱɵشعģǵˣ벻бˡ˦³ֱۣߵϣӦóΪ֣ˡ
Ҵͻʻԭȥһ·ء̫ԭȴС˴οǲˡ
㲻ֻòܻ顣俴ɵЦˡ
ү˷ĵѰСˣΪǲرͼɣҲȦӣֱ˵˵ҲûʲôرͼֻԶﴫˡ
ҿз˸׵ĵطرͼպãʱͱѳˡ
رͼ֮ǷԶﴫﱾ֪˶òȷʵ顣ζңҲ֪رͼʱȷʵϣҲǰֵϡ
㡭ôˣһ䲻ȻǹѺˣǵҵҲѲˡ
繫ӷģǵʱǡǵЦţرͼһȸ£һҪ繫
رͼһȸ£һ£漴׹ϣеǰ취ҿ˵رͼ䣬ż
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ɱˣסˣүʿõСأ
ЦĪ⣺Ǻǣɱ˷Ƿ繫Ӳɡ
ЩŶ֪ү˵Ǻˣ
񡣡ƤЦⲻЦؿҡ
ү˵Цˣӣ½ػд󾪣ǿװ£ܡ
·㲻ɣͳ˵Ϊ½ģȫ޷ˣֻʣһˡ
⻰һжʱӴΪʲô֪ĹϵأĪƾ˼ϸ֪ڽǶµûм˭Ϣй¶ȥģ
үҵ˫սȭָǶĵƤУұʹƽҲҲ˼
񣬴˲ǶıǸ۲ŴԵҰļҡ䶨ؿң䲻ȵ˵Ԩǿǿȴ£µʲôʱҵ谭ұҪȥ
ү˻ν⣿ҽ侲ҲѧĿǣ˵ţȷʵ֪ΣıԹˣ书ƽƽֻǸ彫ʱʱҪ¸ֵı
书ƽƽ彫Ҫ¸ֵı繫ӣ֮ʿԼ޷˵ȻЦ񲻵ָӾӣղ߳Ǹ֣ҾȡϽͷ­̽ȡǸ˫ȫţ
򴽲ҵȻ֪ڽʱҾʶļĽҲľơ˵书֮ϡ
ǰЩӱʱܵĴνսս˫ڰرڣνݲˡȻֻǧں׷һһҹ֮侹оƾȫ˦ں档и׷첻Է첻жףȸ׷һ֮ս˳ƾɱֻɱذƱɫڶֽ˵ھŴλսɱǧմ䡢ĶӡƽȴëȻҪ˵ܡνˣ˭Ⱳӿ¶û㲻Ҫˣ
һ߾һ߷ػţнЩ鴮ȥԭǰιȡôݡۿҪܣϱߵȴûҡνմݣԪ̫ԭսӡܼռӶȫһʱ֮䣬𶯡̫ԭҵĸʧۼΣֻܷתʱ򣬶ɻƺӣԾ˵ٶһٻܵľ֮ʦո˺Ӷȫ
ոɽԺͣ㣬ȣʦ£ʱͦԭֱָ׼һˡʱǿ׳֪Ƕ֣ԲʹгԽȼü֮
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䲢޹ֻ֮۹ͨһЩоһ
үǫ˵ʱڱõܲһۣ֮֮ܳۡȨɨȺ۵ĲܾԿܲһϳˡüǳЦһֱ̾ΪĸҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣʱռݣϴֻƺӣԳ֣ӾʵѾǲϵһЮӡԭʵһİҵ
㵹ǶԴʱľƿʮ͸͸һĨʣΣԸҵô
飿вȣȻ˶Уѡô
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ԾЦ˵˵ǣү̾ռʱ˺ͣδؾͻ񣬺βһۣȴҪôɱ²أ
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ϣкԺмôҲҡڣҶ׷׹أҶͥԺ
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ɵѾͷʹˡҳ̾һн䱸ɭϣֻһˣҲѣοǡ
ǣǹӿԲùǣһȥ˵ţۿˡ
ɵϣôܶǡҿźӰ۾̾ϢţͷɵѾͷʲôÿ޵ģޣһ취ôҰȫġ
գգۣӲǰջȥšһֱŹӵġ
繫ӡȻһл
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гкȣǵûʲôֻ࣬ǡȻһ£漴ת˻⣬֮ô
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磬ҵиӣ֪з񣿡Ȼܣѹ㲻ίߣʱӦҪϼ㡣
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侲ЩôװȥɱһˡȻɺƽֻҪƭù䣬취Ҳ١
Ȼ˼ǡҺȷˡ޴룬ӦҪֻҪܼ˵һУҵĿԡ˿ȺݳϷƭ䣬ٻͷֵܡ
󣬶ͬǰ磬ȴӦ䣬һ뿪ˡ

˭71(2)

֪ΪҺãҡҲɳ̾һһ;ʲôʱҪǵң治Ըðķա
磬ɴ߲СڡȻȻԴУһ
ԣԣһֵܶͷͬ⡣
磬㲻ҪǣȥɣȻ¶һĨŵЦݣֵҲ־ܣԼҲɱȥء
ҴӦǣһǣһҪСģΣϲϣңһ˵ҲԥããֵѾѵˣҷЩֵܣǰĸ
޻ڣ빲ֱ˴ˣҺֵ֣Ҳžžơֻʹȴůǳ
ƿţȴӰѾͷȥأ
תݣƹ磬㿴æµӰҲûڽֻؿ뿴ʲô
ȫԼ˼δҽ˼ƽҳİɫۣǷڱǰţ󿩿ɵЦֽϣͭǰաԼǾ÷Ų䣬⿪ӣ˸˵ķ١
ѾͷŴŬԼЦ
ͷΪؾһʲô
ˣõصİײҸæǰһѶ
ӣǣʲô۾ңǣǲǡ
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ӣõӶԲԣͻأʵ˫գҲգؿңһĨĹʣ૵Ҵδһòᣬ¡
ңҡһʱ֪λش
Ӻǰұ㰵ģⱲӣ˹㣬˭Ҳ˭Ҳޡǰһ͵סҵ֣ӣϲҵǲǣȢΪǲǣ
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Ҫ˵ӣ㲻Ҫ˵ƴҡͷֱ۹סҵĲӣӣ׺һºô
Ҫεر˫ۣŮӣǲܸıġ
ģ͵ƿң˫Ŷ䣬ת񱼶ȥ

漴׷˳ȥȴſڵļסˡҼÿ
ޱ˵繫ӣү뿪ӡ
ãҲ뿪鷳ȥǸ׷ҲӲҵһ˻¡
ǡǼȥܸɴؾʹӦˡһ̧֣˵繫ӻǻȥɡ
ֻ㬵ػصеȺ˭֪һʱȴԽԽţԤгѹͷ
繫ӡʱ⴫
ǰţǲҵˣ
ҵˣǣ繫ӡֹ
ôˣҲ˲࣬һץס죬˵
繫ӣһ֡Ҹæȥ
תǰԺȣͥ԰еļɽԡѾΧˡ
ҷֿǰԼ۾ǰһ̻ǰ˶ѵѪУ
ȫһ˿ңݵһ顢һ顣ؿڲͣðѪ廹һƬµѪ˿ؽţӣӡ
³ۣ˺룬һһ밴סǰѪ˿ڣСؽ§ڻʵ˭˭˭ģ
⣬̫ˣˣǴӺץסңң˵ҿӣǣ̧ŵ֡
æץס˵֪ˣȲҪ˵
ǰ˿ðѪܿ͸ҵĳ̴ۣᱧվŵȺǻվŸʲôȥ򣡡
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ɵϣ˵ʲôɵһ㣡ұź󲽳ǰȥ㲻һ
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˭72(1)

Ѫ䣬Ѫ°ɫ½ϣԵøĿ
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˭73(2)

֪ǲҩЧʼˣһƬγ˦˦ͷԼЩ
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˭74(1)

ӣõӶԲԣȢΪ޵ǲǣ
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ΣֻΣ̧ͷؿ֪ⲻΣĶˡ
ҴۣͣսȭͷŬԼƽû£ش磬Ǹˡ
ɵѾͷ˵ʲôǸΪζ˵ĻȥҶϵ亹һĺȥˮ׸ɾѸ㻻
лл㣬ش硣Ҵͷ˸ϵë̺
ܿһ׸ɾѣִˮҼ˵Ⱥ
ʶ㱣е˲ػѣϡ
ôҪˡʵûлӦֹһƿ߽չ˯ɡ
ҡҶһ£جоѣҹǲ˯ˡ
˯ţұ㡣ȵĴסҷӲ֡
ش磬һ˯ˡҲϽȥϢɡҡҡͷرյ֡ʱפǹʱ˫ӦסʮشҪ̽顢űʱ׼ӦսʮƣˣΪտңѾü϶ûкۣҲˡ
ðɡҲǿüʵ޷˯ңҾ˯ڱϵС
šҵ˵ͷΪʹȥ漴ɻϡ
ΪҸǺë̺𣬶תʡ
ںڰãȻ˫ۣ̾Ϣ
Ҳ֪˶ãҷϳۣƿӣȥ
Ȼ˯⣬ȥ߰ɡ
ҹıʿְڸӪѲţֻصһͷĿĵسǰȥֻһ˾̳ǵʤʱͽʿǵġ
ƣԼմƱصһȵƣҾ˯ȥЩʹࡣ
֪̳ƣɽȥȻһƬ֣߽ϸϣԭһƬһ֡
ʱǴ죬֦ҶïһʢţŽأͷʡ
һһ׷һ䡢һϡ
Ŀ̳ϵķ࣬һһڡ
Ƴʱ㴼ʱֶ˷ŨҵͬŻա
ҾȻû̵£־ȻѡҾ̳͹࣬Һˮ㻬ҵĺȡĸоȫҵů
ҷ¾̳򴽣ڴݼɢֵȻ־ѡ
˵ʱȾƸôΪʲôҺô࣬ȴȻǵЩĵ飿ֻһھƾ͵ˣΪʲô˰̳ȴѵľӰôô
ҲѣҪҪ̳ƴơ
̳ڼˡӿؿڱǣ˰㻺طҿʼЩͷĿѣͷһᣬʶػڰС
ʹһҹߣҲٷجˣԴұ㿪ʼþƾԼ
ֳֻ״̬Ҳܻصǰ׹ȴһзա
ͻȻǰһĵеľƣʲô
ʲôںȾưҷ۾ش磬Ҳһô
Ŀʮ㲻֪˽ھӪȾǴô
֪ҲһȵġҺǺǵɵЦţҪȥ̳ţش磬ѾƸң㣬ѾƸҡ
ôӣʹļ׵طסңĵֶȥˣ֪еĿ̣Լ
ˣȥþˣţһƿŲǵǰţЩˤ
ҹǸңȻһץסҵ죬ҳһСӱߣҵͷںϣúÿʲôӣ
ˮ峺þһӳճҵӣɢĳȦ԰׵촽ǰŮȡ
˲ôĥԼȤôһô˵ţЩǰˣ飬Ϊ˳
סڣסڣƴţſңҲҪܣ
̯࣬㻹˿̾׷Ƕȥȴſֺݺݵذҵĺף˻ȪٸǣǺεųܣֻԼ޷ΪǱ𣡡
䣬Ҳ顣ֻڵһοʱ򣬼Įӡ
Ҫſҡҡҡͷſңش硭
ԼúɣԲһ£͵طſ֣ͷҲصˡ
ҴعںӱߣȻӣͷˮС̹ǵˮݺݵش̼ľġ
ˮ;һӿźˮǰȥҴսͷԽؿʼ
ٿͷ˦˦ʪĳһֱ޷ѹȥǾͻһʬ⣬ûб飬ûиԣظá
µҿҲãҲգǶˣÿˣˡҾʹ˳ȥû˻˿ͬ飬ΪԸʶ䣬û˭ܾȵҡ
һ껨Ʈҵϣ֣ؽϵĻ
˭˵˵һһսһ˵սǱʱʱǵôѵħ
ȻתӪȥҪĵһ£Ǹ
ŵӪʣڱʿϾٴС
ôˣҸæǰסһʿʵˣ
ǱʿǣǰӪʵű
һ㶣ˣǹ˶ô
ţȴȻһ󼱴ٵһתֻһƥĺɫ֮ҷɱ
һ̣ѡ۾
ֱĸ첲ȦסҵҲ˫ۡ
˫ң·˲ڻԶɽϵİѩҲڻҵġ
ս˻ͱʿĺУףѲ˵ٴλصǵ֮С
ֻһɲǰһɲǵĶ飬һɲǵĳһɲǵᡭ


˭ 
ҡҲŸ뿪ڣ˫һţҾɫУǰɱ
ұסͷȵšȵϢذΧҡֻƬ̹ס
գ˫޷أоҿ첽ߡ벦סߵ磬ȴһָֻץס
һתұһϣ͵ر۾Ȼ޷ӦǿҵĹߣһǰ龰ӶĴǿ׳Ȼѹ
̽еĴȵӶᡢ̽ҵĽܾǿƵ½˲áԽʵѹңڵĿ𽥼٣ҿҪϢˡ
񡭡ƴƾţϣ΢һǵľ룬ҵԴϢţſ
ȻһپƵĴУҸ޷˵ꡣƲҲܲ˫޼ɵֻεر˫ۣǿȽԼɡ
Ҳ֪˶ã뿪ҵĴȴɽҽ§ڻУתҵ޷
ʱʹ׹ȫ΢˫Ŀ̧۶˫ۣ˴
ϵζ䵭ȴҼϤζһģһʱƮҵıǶˣҵ˼ʹÿһΣĵεΡкȻӿһȣر̧ۣͷ죬ֹͣˡٶ꣬ҵȻΪҵţԭҴӲĿ࣬Ϳڻﻹۡ
ΪҪأΪյط꣬ΪµУͷ˱۽ǵᣬ˵ӲĺҶҵ㡣
ٴҵĳУҵĲ΢һͣ٣˵ǵʱҶ˵ĻôҵУұˣԲᣡ
ƺΪ˱ʾľģԭҼĴݣȻصҧȥʹƺһ͵ۣǰſףؿˣô
ûпڻشӣ³ۣǰص˿Ѿ׵ȴ˿˿Ѫ
˿ôѿˣһһǸղΪѹסҵǣ˿ڡ
Ǹ
һݣΪԼǸΪ˴һеﲻ
ҡַŵϣɴḧ˿ڣʵʹô
ܲʹԼİŮ˺شһ˭ܲʹÿĽ㣬һʱоûһ˿ԥô
ҡҧʹԣĻΪ飬Ҷز꣬Ѿն˿ȴվ㲻ʳǵ˵ǵԼˡ
ҵ򢣬̧ҵЦúᣬ˵ĻȴôĲ̣ңҪЩΪɣ
ʲôգգۣԣ
򴽵ЦЦʮֹ졣
롭͵ȴ̫١ҵҵĳۣ̽ռеĿֱӸҵ
񣬡ֱֹۣһַҪ

˭75(2)

ѹסҲͣŤֿסҵ˫ֽסҵ򢣬Ҫ뷴ԽֻʹԽ㡣
зʸôܲģֻʣԼݾɫסңһᣬ૵ҪǱȥɡ
û˵תһȥҵߡ
΢΢һȻס֡§ҵ͵һҵ£ḧҵĳʵвȰɣʲôҪЮ㣿
ʲôҪЮңûſϣ˫ʵȵţ˫Ǳſȼ䣬ҷӺ;ն˵ûˣѾûʲôҪЮˣʲôûˡ
ûй㣬ʲôѾȥˣɣûжʣֻӵңҿԸơȨһУȥֻеĲ
ûд𻰣ֻǲš˵ʱǻţƽȶɵĽ࣬һĪİġΪơΪӣ˵س谮Լôľм֣޴ҰҪΨһһʼ㲻ðȻˣǾǰһµĵʲôΨһʹ˷ôٸҵڶת뿪Ļᡭ
Ҹô죿Ҹô죿
ĵʹ˲ӿ۵ףΪǵ׵˿ǿԳܵΣޣΪʣһڿ֧ţʼղԸǰᡣ
ޣޡ̾һظҵĳһжȥˣػ㡭
ұۣоĴҵĴ΢ţС˱̽룬ҽؾһ
ˮʣϣ͸½󡭡
£¡һվлţҪ
վ⣬ؽˡ̧ΪҴñǣ͵͵˵˵ü
ѱ˵ѣֻûۣȻм¡ҿ޵ˡˣȻôϳ˯ȥˡ⼸ҹ˯úܲȣÿζʰΧůı䣬ȴҶϢ֮ƺΨʹҸеȫǡ
ѹ˵£ǰս½ٻǹս
Ӧ֪ˡӪȺ򣬰յ󣬱ɶ
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ۣ֪Ѿˡḧ˸ҵգһţҧסҵĶ˱ٲҿҪΪΪˡ
һŵøæ۾ŽߵӢӣҪǹô
ңǡȵ˫ҵĲһ·£һȥ
񣬡ֵסţҷ˵յ󣬱Ҫˡ
ǺǣȻһˡһĨǳЦסҵգˣ´Ҿˡ
ҡҪұΪȥĵֻк𡣡ҾȴȻһ漴֣˵ܻرģֻʣԼѣҪʱȥ
ңҲϲý׵ĿǺ˵˫΢һʹҵ˿ϽԼңֻ뻹ҵˣҪȴĸԸ
ҡұ˵ø޷мܣһʱ֮Ȼƿԡ
Ҳ㣬ңЦˣƳ磬ȴʮǿƣѾõ˳ˣһ죬Ҳȫõġ
ôü̧۲ܵӭϬӥĿ⡣ôãѿ͸飬͸ģ͸ˡҿ͸ҲһͨŮһһкһ𡣿ϧҿ͸Ҳ͸ҾڵʲôںʲôͬĽԸԷЭദõľ롣
ѱͳ˵ţͷᴥҵĴת齣ݸһΪ׼ģϽϰɡ
ѣһ¡ʶͷȥϵĳȻû֧飬ȴҲòӣʾǼжȵ
ҵͽһѸٽӹϵİۺҵϣĴһǡ
ҽƥҫ£÷ΪѡӣֲɢҶǰļҷһۣһŮӵȹ
ֹһ䣺ΪʲôۣҴȹӵġ
˽˵ҵȻϣܴŮװᳶϵĳۣĪһӶô
⡭üͷҡ
ӪоŮӳ֣ظҵĳ뽫ھУֻܼװ
Ҿ·ҧŴ֪ˣȳȥô
һЦҲûٵңת󲽳Ӫʡ
ҵͷİξȻһӦȫ漴·𳤷٣ٴⴿڣͭաȻȻ촽סɫ㲣˿װӳģҸоԼƺָЩɡ
񣿡ƿӣ˴ʣ˫ָǰ
߰ɡתͷң촵һĳڡǰһƥ۽ĺɫ˻ɣ۵糸㱼˹
İڡҴţɵ׷硣ǰûܰëҲϲͷҵһͷҵĻǰȥʱ̧ͷ˻ÿʱұôͷسƥɫҲԶȥˡ
Уӽˡ
סˣ漴Ӧҡҡ֣ҲҪ
ƥڡһֱξΣ֮СԣǺεȵܽأ
ҲԵģҲ꣬ѽˣ²ܼԦġ
˵õҲмֵһҲټ֡תñʿǣƥί£ΪѰԡ
šӦţӹǻĲӣҪȴȻͣסˡ
ȥĶˣҲܾĬˣܵúһġ
ѷվԭز㿪ʵôˣ
ȥش𡣡Ҷ˶٣̲ס˵
ȥѲˣһʱǲġ΢˫ۣȻܾ㲻õˣһὫȥ
ǡһҾ֪ˡΪţȻһϤĽл
ش磿ת֮˹Ȼ

˭76(1)

Ҫȥ󲽳
漴Ҳȥش硭
ɿ͵سסҵֱۣƵ󣺡ؽҪһͬǹ
£ͣ²ӣ۾ȴǿңȥǹԼԸô
ؽ֮£ˡ𴽽ǣҿԸ㣬ǲԸ⣬Ҳǿ󡣡
ص£֣ѯȥ򣬲Ϊɫ˵ְĿͶң
Щ뵥ش˵ᳶ䡣
Щãǲأ
һֱǣڴʱ׵˶ϣҵȻᣬȴǲݾܾҿԷԣǱһȣԽĵߡ
ͷҶߵ͵͵˵вô
ǣ㡣ЦЦ赭дʣ𲻴Ӧأ
ȥɡֻһΣ²Ϊüٿ˿ңڻǴӦˡ
һλҡλң֪ô߽Сֱֺӷʡ
ҵȻ֪Ҷһ£ǵ˵ͷ
֪֪Եһ£˵ٵˣش㡣۲ŴԡսȷǵӢۣиˡ
֪֪૵Ӧš
峯ԭǼȨƵļ壬̫ԭǺ绽꣬ȻҲ̼޸˲ܣұ˲Ǳʾ޴ĲƸ֧֡ΪҵĶӣĻҲܹʹҵи죬ʹྴĮӲദǻԥȢһһŮˡΪǸǸˡ
飬ʵҲʱġΪ֮ӵĵǵİ΢ֽİ԰ǰˡɽ밮˶ĸҪʵд𰸡ʱ룬֮Իϲң䱦ΪûȫõҡĵõңžͻὫ
ǵǰи˵ҪһŮԶһŴģõķԶҪлỳɰ顣ǣǶõʱѾȥˡǰ仨ƮţеĻЦ㽣ҵһ뿪ʱʧˡǵҸѲҪҸԼʱδմȾɬ񣬱˾Ļ
ش磬ҺûǶǵӡϧԶزȥˡͲߣʲô÷գʲôɻ󣬡ұۣʹ˵ʹ飬ڣҴӲҪԴĺǣԴҵҵһСȫˡҲ볤Ĳ볤󣬿ȴӲҳ󡭡
ʹһֱڶʮһͣӦÿĴѧеУ԰ǡ
߰ɣشԸ뿪¿ʼӵ뻳Уҵ޷߰ɡ
еģش磬زȥˣѾزȥˡǿֶǼʶģˣ·תҲһὫҳġʱֻ·һˡ֮ȴûҵ֮
ıмᶨҡͷ;̹ǰ;
ҲںҵĻ֪ԼҪʲô
ں㶪һԶ߸߷ɣһᰲġ㲻ܴߣֻҸԼʷҾܻһתֳ˵ңŷǶҶұΪԼұֲµĹʧ
ҵӣҵиʹ
ϧҸжҾؿУοرۡ
Ϊʲôõȴأԭ֮ұʧȥٰ˵
ͻȻһ˵߳ɫƽĳȣȴΣʡ֣˵һ飬
ش磬İɣһúõģ̇ͷһЦݣƿҪΪҵˡģһúõġ
˵գұתȥ
ǹɱ֮ʹЩ־塣Ȼ̴棬Ǽᶨؿ߰ɡ
ǸͷңͫһĨ⣬͵ؽУңһµĽҶԣõ㣬ȴҴĿҾʧȥ㣬ֻܱҡ
ԣõ²Ŀɣҽ㣿Ͳʼն޷ܣǶҶԽǶʹĥϣ˽ıǰ飬ݲ˷һжѣжѣѵֻмȥܴù¸ңĪֻµʹô
˽ܣѡô΢΢ü漴̹Ȼ˵ɥ֮ȮҪδҲ̫ѿˡ
ɥ֮Ȯḧҵգ񳶳һεЦԼ
ǿԵʱһһεϮңֿȴ١һΣѾ㹻ˡԼһһεطͬĴڰ޾ĥǲ˭԰ѾβܲԼˡԣҲҲڶΡʹǲֶΣʹҪȥ˺ˣʹԼҲҪն˿ΪҺһʼԵԶļ¶ȴҲԶ˺
񶨶ң̾Ϣһұ𣬷ϡ
׷ϼǵҡ
ش磬õҡģһúõġЦЦɵ֣ȳ˸V֡˵Ȼ֪ʤ˼ȴ֪ݵʱұ㳣ƣ֮ССĬ
ݣ漴תͷҲȥеκһһޣ񱼶ȥ
ĵײдֻȵҵ۾ЩʹЩᡣϡǵյģҲǵ˸ʵԸʱˡ
ǹսսŵϢ
ˡһӪ̾Χ
ֻԵͷ˵ȥн춼о£
У˦磬˧λϡǴһԣңҰֱߵĲϣҲ¡
šӦҲ
㲻ڽ뼯о
̧ۿȥȻпԪҲңһЦҶʱһȫë䲻ʱֹصҵļ򣺡
ţһ£̧ͷȥ漴ϲӵؽе޴磬磿ǣôҲ
ǰ޳ï
ƵĽʿȻڴˡ޳ЦһҵͷأΪڴˣ
Ϊ
Ҳ뿪ڣȴȻصظɿһӲǽסҵĻͷǰս½лԺ˵
ǡ޳ïʩǲԼͬתͷһۣתѰλ¡
ɨһΣˣʵ޼ɣ⼸սΣ
Ϊ峯ǽ̣ܡһ۵ǿգ޷ˣյǰµļƲߣáʳķΧסɱΧĳǳһһɨƽͬʱض׵ع
޼ɣӦþǳ޼ɰɣΪ£Ǵ֮ĳ޼ɣҲǳ޹ĸ硪뵽Ҳɶ࿴ۡ
ףǰⳡսһ־սһζǿֻ۽ΧԮʹбȳǿսǱɽһټˡ
Ϊ̫¡ϵԪ˵Χǵûٹ򰡣¿ճ־ãĶɢ
ȡֹϢΧѪСս֮Ǳϲߡ
ʵк˵Ĳս֮УҲ׼䱻Χ׳ӦУƾǰδʤܶ˱ʤʿ㹻ʵκζֿ⡣䵨ʾض᲻ظӭͷʹغһһսľһֱƾƴʵʮ޴ģΪ֣ıݶһ³ڶȥֻԽԽ١ƾк֧ԮʵǵֻԽԽǿ
һλ˵񼽨£֣Ǳ鷳ˡ
ٴεͷǲ޵񼽨ȷʵҲһ󻼡
֣ӦǷɣǸǧŷһ̳׵ӣĪر˼ֺøС
£ʵҲعǣǱιǶҪҪ˴漴һɫ۵˵ǿɾ»Σض񼽨Ԯ·ҲԽڻ񼽨ͬһһ˫񣿡
ǺǣǳĬԣȴ˵ѣһ˵һʸеģľ֮Цһתͷˣвܾ֮ѣֻҪ㣬ӭж⡣
䡢ޡ˵Ƴ࣬Ʒš֧°ϸţʷмأ޳ڶϣıϵ޷죬ͬͬ
˵˲żüãУһȻ鴫ұű߲źۼشеˣȻƳľԹ޵Ŀ⡣
һݣԹޣľΪλĿ⣿˳Ŀ⿴ȥҽЩˡ³ſͣ㼯˲ţ߲ſ̫ԭʱʢй֮޲һȻԶľѲǵڽʱǰĸˡľеλҲ޼ɡͶȡܽޣȻյľҲǵľˡ
ֻЦ˭˿ޣھңˮů֪ľ̫ԭнҲǾʶˣЩڡ뵽ҲɶͶȥͬĿ⡣
Ҿǰ٣֪޷ֵԲŽǣҪǽļ᲻ɴֵҾĹơľҲ쵽ҿɬһЦ˵˴õļƲǵԶԸ߸ھġϡ־ĿľΪ˵ɥһټҾʱҲƣսڴȥºܿͻᷢʿ֮£룬սپ
ҰԽ㣬ľľı裬Ҳõ⣬ô˵ҡĵĻأ
һľ⻰Ȼ˲ͱɫ
ǰ˵öԡȥһԵԪʱȴϼͣʿȻƣͣҲɢҪҪȰʦس
ɣ޼ĵ˵ǳΧ˶Ͷˣֻʣ³ǡݵĹӦѱǶˣûжʳˣĻ᳤̻̣õֿȥ
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ȻѶϣӦûټһʱ䡣ľڼ˵ԣһֱزҲް취񼽨ʱܷǰԮͻʿҲô˻ƾѴ౻ǵǲµֵסʱǾͻḹܵУǳǱ
⼸ôһɿԭǰģ˱㿪ʼͷӶƺȷʵаʦȥ˼
ֻ̧һӣѹס֡ʮƽͣλǵóʱ˵Ļô
˶һ㶣㾲˵
δƣʦزֵ˵
⡭һƬȻ
Ǹּ˵ʿľƣԹȡɥʧģ뷵سȥ
ȻԻڣҾģϳȥնˣ˲ʱ絶һˡ
¡һ漴˳ΪǸ顣
նȴǿڵĻᣬȻ˭԰ʦ˱ն⣡
˫۴ţ˧εķϣһ˫ͫˣ˸Ұްĺ⡣ϣ·ѱ͸εɱ˲ʡ
ڽһģٳһû˸Ҷ˵һ仰жʱѻȸֻġ
¡һƿڡ⣬ʩȫ˳ȥ
֧򢣬һʯĬĬ˧ϡû˸̸ǰӽܶĶ㿪ˣܶģЩŻݾĽʿŲӣŵؽսսرһ̵ӿˡ
ԣҲǵͷ˵һ仰һʱ侹ȻһƬš
Ҳ֪˶ãܲסվѾӲ֫һûվӣ㱻һĻ˫۸Щ͸ȵϢҵĶ

Ī漴ҵı񣿡
ҪشһСһãһáҽΧڻУҵķš
ĵૣһҲû§š
ã̾˿ȥнĻУʵǸƳȥնףͳﻮõģǲǣ
ţһҵɫʵΪʣ
ľ̫ԭʱǺѣ볤޼ɵҲѣԪֵܣҪͳǣ˧ȷʵΪѡ㿪·ǺãǣڽȵսǰϲϣҡҲܣҵ򢣬˹ؼ˵ԣڴµľϷ棬Ǳ㲻κ˽飬ֻǵ˧µĹϵ˧ֻԼ޶ķΧڷԣ˧վϣִֻУκ顣һն֣ñսϵĲͬһնϣҲֻھнģǲпľ˧š
ǺǣȻ۷ãʼҵˡκ˶ֵܳܣЩͨ˵ȫŵ㣬һ߶ԣȴˡľ޼ǼȷʵʮģǲΪ֪꣬ҾΪɹˣպҡֱϵĺ÷硣΢˫ڲס۵׵ʵ˼ĴĨϤȻǳЦǸ˲ţǣıȴֵȱݣΪ˧ѵرһУǰûû˵ۣҾʸ˧Ρһ֧ҵľӣܹع᳹˧нֹҾλʦضҪһټնݳʤֿɵãҾڴʱ֡ǰЩʿѪҲҺˡ
ףζҪġ˵ܰǵǿһˣǡõƱ涫ҪϣԣֻҪ䣬ɽȺ۱ӭж⣬ƽ¾ָտɴˡ
ԣ˵ȫС§ңϸǻ£շתϣңȻ㣬ԭһǷɣ
Ӣ˶Դ˿ףþҲûٿڣֻǳЦҰĵϢ
Ҹøô̫ԭʱ緢˿̵ԽԽ߷緶ԽһֲʧϣǿеЦպƽϢ£ĺ顢ıԡİЩǾеģʱգûĶˡ
££ûҩˡȻһʿӵĽ
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£ȥɡһ֣Ǳʿʶذҩɴϣɿתȥ
ңָָϵҩһҩ
ԥƬ̣ڻ˫֣Сؽ⿪ÿ¡ֻˡһ¶һҼһǵǿʯʯͷȻ͸ֻǹ⻬ʯȴ˼ϸСѷ졣ɻؿǡ

˭77(2)

ҵ顮ʯǾһ̽ǰסҵ֣Ϊûд̴ҵš
ѹһȥо裬ͣһ²Ŵ̵ţԭǴ̵ʯĪڤڤ֮⣿ҽеʯͷͷʵһֱղţ
šȦסҵĻУ⼸꣬һֱѰһ顮ʯ䣬ϧѶ
ˡҳ̾һ
ϲʯҿʯս§ҵֱۣ֬īϲϲ䣿解衢裿ʯܽʯֻҪ˵ó֣ұһΪҵ
㷽˵һ簮ӵĻһ˵ʮʯ̲סЦ˵ҪϵǣǲҲȥժ̨أ
ᣬһᣡصôãҵһοЦͷҵļ羱˵˳ԼϲŮˣʲôԣֻҪʹ㻶ϲʲôҲԸȥģ
˵Щˡôһ˵ҵķٵ³ȥ͵˫ۣ½󣬲쿴˿ڣȰ㻻ҩ
һţרעĬĬؿҡ
Ҷעӣҩ۾ȵ˿ϣٽɫɴǰסǵİ˿ڣֱһĨѪɫҲס
ת˿ȴȻסҵҪȫƵģһ㵱˵ʹ಻Ȥô
ҵһҩƿЩϡʹ಻ȤҲ֪ǣʽİ鳣ʹĪظе¡
ôסֱ͵§ʵңϲǵ񣬻ң
ôҳճյؿһۼ¶İ峿ҡҷĻڳ¶ԳһĨɬܳᣬȴȻѹ籩ȻһתۼĿȫǡ֮ʼ˭Ԥδ»գô
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ΪβشҪ¶˵ҲԸʹ顣ҵķ٣ϸϸҵĳҴӦ㣬ʱ㣬һʱ俼ǡǣҪҵ̫á
ҾĻУļ磬۾ɬӵʱһֵƣ˽˴˵ϢҲǳǳؽһ𣬷ǣȴֿԷ
˵ҵĻǻʹ¶ȻҡңҲٴ˿Ȼమ
֪ԼӿҲ֪ԼӲΪϵЩѪծǰԵСǿӲֶΣѹҿ͸ˣˡҪú롣
һ̣ĻУܹԣ˳
ӣսȻšʹѭѭգǲϿͶ
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˱Ϊ˿̰ʦȥ˴Ϣ֮µõָ󽫻ѶԸν⣬ܣпԨگڽ֪漴һŻسԨ֤ձɹ
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ξپվŲһΪѡתͷңƵҡ
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ԪҲԳԿͷˡ뵽ұξپԵͷ
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֪Ԫһ࣬ΪξپǹԼҲ𲝱㳯ξپ͹ȥ
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˹ˣһ˱ʣŹһȥԪĲ⣬Ĺ漴衣
ξپ±û㿪ʹһ㽫ԪĲɣֹһģˤڵء
Χ۵ĽʿʱŴæǰ鿴˵
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㡭Ԫ֪ڷʱ˫ĿŭۿžҪˡ
ξپʱŴӵϵĻҳȭʩ񣬹ضԪ˵ո֪߳Ƕ֡Ųִټˤͣײ˵£ˡ
ñ졭Ԫ˳ǣǿЦżˤ㲻ǰ׷Ա֡
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ԪĲʱξپ±ҲˣԳһţֱȥץԪĲ
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˭78(1)

ҸԪвԶ󣬱ǰЦŶξپ˵ξٴ磬ղź磡
Сӣ㷽Щͺˣξپ»ˣȴЦݣһҲûйҵ˼
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ӪʺξپһָϷŵľƣʵܺô
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һԵıʿܿ˾̳룬Һξپǰһ̳һ롣Ȼܴװƺһء
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˭79(2)

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յǱľе̽ܺ˵ľıʿ辴񼽨׼ƣľܿƾսתɻƺӣбƽֱȡ
˵֪ŵݣΪ֪񼽨ȥ򳤰ʹһСΧκԡ֮ơΪȫΧеıϣ²һ浽ʱͲò˱ȥⳤ֮֮ΧȻͽˡ
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νԣԹ塣һվҡͷʱ˵ǣ޷ľáΧκԡ֮ȼü֮ǣҶλ룬񼽨Ϊ˾Ϊֱȥ򳤰
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˭80(1)

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˭81(2)

˽ţͷļϣ˵ҲԵˡ
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߰ɡϵĻҵĻУ§һתͷһλһһͬסĵطٴλһͬȹӡ
ݣǰУ㽥ɢҲӰ黨һЦ䣬Ҹʱȥ

˭82(1)

񼽨´ܱһ֮ǰѳͶƾ٣ǣһʱɳ޼ɡ޵˴˲Ϊͳƾؽֵֹӣ԰޷Ȼ;ǣȼա
ξپ¡ï˻ȥֻ˵ˣɽδ͸¶ʵ顣
ص󣬱Ѹִ幬鱦լȯѻɽ˷鸮⣬ƱһһȡһʹƾʿĶ÷Ʊ档ֽµ֣࣬ѡԸµľʿԳʵƾʣµЩ򷢸·ǲɢ磬ָʳ⣬ŮӷŻ䣬ѡˡ
Щٶõƾʿյ֧֣ǵİΧжҲȷʵƾΧ꣬򼢶İԼƾʿǺɨڽֵյʬ壬˰֮áǰǨ빬ǵ򻧾Ȼǧ
վƫϣһûʵ峯ܴȼšΰĹѲȨĵʮ۷۰׹ǣ峯ʮ걩Űͳεڹǰ̾ݳ֮ģܲ ʮЩı־յ˺ͺԶԴΪʿȲשľɰȡһѻ𣬽ʣĹȫջ٣¼ǧԩꡣ
žţʱʱ޴ըԶԶȥ춼ӳͨ죬·նȼˡ
ιĲϣһϮոµİɫ۹סΰΣɫķڻԣԳƮľ׿ȻȺɡϧһްʤϲ֮ɫдųʹ֣һһݣҪоڣΧ֮ʱҶƾʿµȻȴƽգΪսɱˣ˳ˣΪĿģֶΣѵȴƽգ
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ˣǿװеˣΪ֮Ŷ֮顣һ̬ƽ۵ȴź˵ĺ⣬ǽܣǾݹˣ

˭83(2)

ָ͵ؾסҵĺףʹҵͷòȵϢҵĴߣ˾ңֻһˣֻҪҾˣ֪ô
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Ҫһ㺮˪ҪĶԻ뾡취õ֣Ҫȥκˣ
ڶ峿춫ƺƵذʦس
¾գִﳤʮӵȸԣһλķɡ
ףӢˬڶǰͷ¶ϸ档ͬлԪξپ¡޳ɡïʮλ󽫡һǴźɫսۣźɫս룬߾ٵǹìܣǰС滹бʿˣ׳ġ֡ǡ
У̧ͷȥοգ֣ǹסյĽ̸޲ڽʦس硣
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ڽǰвΰݴ
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ض񣬻ãáɹȻһЦȻһϵԪ̬ܣԪ˷ջ񣿡
ԪƳһۣ˵Ȼջࡣ
ǺǡǰءһִһԪ˰ڼǰ̫Ԩϡ
ƻԨڼݡ׷ʽ֮󣬱ʿõ˷ͣ߹ٺ»鱦լӦоСԨ칦磬οȺ¹ơ
ϯ֮ϣʦʮλŮ裬˶ϲɫ̸ЦȻ˵Ľ㡣
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ҲźۼؿԪֻǶ˵鶼ЩΣĿǼǷŭ
֮սһѾʽʼˡ

˭84(1)

ƹѲϵݺ衢֮ҽ⣬˯
״㽫Ҵ󣬶ֻĹܼٲ
һʱ̲ˣٲȥȶ˵Ȼٲȥ޹ڸǰӭңЩϢУλ繫ظУտвأΨʡ
ǡٲصͷһ繫ӣ
һۣЦȥɡ
̾˿ٲˡ
֪첻飬ǰӭӣٲǰͷ·ҴһŵСͥԺ繫ӣүԸԺϢ
лٲҵͷ
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Ǻǣʲô޹ЦѽĪԼŮˣ

˭85(2)

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˭86(1)

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һߣش磬شһ뿪ȥκȥĵطժһ׵ӻ˵
лл㣬ش硣̧ͷҵЦݡ
ɵѾͷ̾ϢůĴֲȥ۽Цˮ
ڴһЦӤ޳Цӭ˳ˡ
Ҳ޳ɿףֱҡ
ﱧŻۿ޽еĺڴϡȻɫ԰ףһЦݣ˸ڵɣȫڳΪĸϲ
ۣ⺢Ưҵͷǹڽ͸Ž۷ɫӤţ۾޴磬Ӻ촽
ҵϣ⺢պ᳤أ޳ɱ˵ߺؿһۡ
Ҫ˵кѽܳңһۡ޳ɿ˺Σ 䱾ǰȥס֣ӣĿһ
΢ЦſǡǵϹſֺ΢ЦΧ˶ܸоŨŨҸ
ҴһԣǾңذѺӵݸңҲ
ңŴ۾סСؽӹӡ⺢ӵһҲˣź˼˱ָͷգŴ۾ҡҿĵ§ҡţŶŶСͨԣùԡ
ͨ޳һ㶣ô֪Ϊȡͨ
ˣһСľ˵©ˣҼǣæ͵Ҹղڻ԰ش磬ҵġ
ԭˡ
޳ɲתͷЩʲôҷԸΪȥŪ
Թź˻Ŵ
ãͷԸȥ졣޳˵תҵļ磬ȥȥء
޴!޳ȥıӰѺӽȤķǺøѽ!
֪ҺãǡЩȻ
ƻѾһҵ㻹ʲôڴֶڽеͨĪ㻹Ϊ¹ڻ
սΪΪ˽սЩҵȻסľܺ޳Ϊ飬ڵǰһһҹ΢΢˵Ҫ͡Ҫֻϣܱƽô߰һˣΪңȻϥˡ
֪ôʵҺĽǡһ顢Ͷϡ˴˽⡢Ρҵָᴥͨ˵С֮ĸ˵ش⡢ɾûƭûлԡʵҲǣǵǵĲһС¶ȨƸǻġ
޴⣬㲻֪ܲҼ˵ȻǷޣ͸ΰͷϣѰաҿȴⲻԼԣҵʼ޷սʤС
Ѱգ֪ô޳ɺܿҪˡȻ˵ƻΪȷȥˡҲһͬɱˣΨһģֻΪһµս۰ˡ
޳Ҫˣȥˣ类˴һƹ˰Σ˵ǰس޳ӣмĳ
޴ѿڶ
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繫ӣ޷㡣վԺз㶣ٲﳯ
ôˣҸæӭȥ
ٲҪ̸Ͼˡ
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ģżסļοؼȥϢ̶ȥ׷ǡ
㣬ΣһҪƽشﷴץҵ֣⣬ͨûиףҲûɷ򣡡
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Ѿؿǰٶ޳ɵԹۣ
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»Ǻһ±Ƚףסһ·ŮҪ֪ô
æӭȢͻʹûй򡣡ŮҴҵػһ䣬ɿˡ
йǰֻǸˡԲģ첽ǰҸæס񣡡
Ҫ¡ˣȥ޹ûͣ½Ų˦ҵ֣ǰȥЩ㡣
񣬵һ£Ҫ㣡׷ǰһȴ۽Ҳûյ˫ջأôš
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ָڴߣһĳڣ¶ϱ˳ȵͷҵ
ҺáҲֻҺˡղ¶ϵëڲǰüɫؽ͸ңǶôҸľϲȻѾʲôʣˡ
ĸۡǰȴյһϢҧï̫ԭѺݣʱڲ
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ҾȴԸԼһΣþԼеֻΪŤתһǬ
ʱ磬ѵˣΰĹǽ֮£׷ƾҹ˲࣬һ̳嵽ǰͷĴѰ޳ɵӰ

˭87(2)

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޳ʱҪңˣʲô
ҪһͬҲǰС
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˴˱˴ˡҹɣ΢΢һЦ
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Ȼ׼Ļǲɵóʹһ¡ҧŴûԪơ
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΢΢һ£ȻޱؼǰС
޳ɼҳĬΪҳͷΪֻг฾ϲǷǣԭҲȺð
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񣿡޳һü˵ȫʵ޲֮
㣡Ԫñף׼֣ȴӺץס󣺡ԪҪ嶯
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ˡɳԪҡҡͷԪȻģҲֻ㬵ס֡
ɺɫض˵ҲãΪҳıߡһǾͶһʤ㡣
ı߲ҵõҷĵط̫ӷԸҹش
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˭88(1)

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ãúϢɷɻϣΪҸǺñߡ
ϮҵƤأʶڰΰѼ䡣
ҩЧȥô˫۵һ㣬ƶһ½ţȴ˷ֺСһʹҲòֹԹԵ¡
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λ֮ǣǡиϵ
ʲô׷ʵ
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ҵȴһֱתǻԵʱ࣬ŵʱ١
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񡭡ҵָḧüۡıǡĴһӣΪο˵飿֪飬Ϊʲôȴָ᲻¶
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һŵս¡֮ҲˣΪ޳սϢسԨ󾪣ΨɲУŲòٴǲ
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Щҫۣ͸Ҷķ϶ϸҵϡд㣬ˣһ˿ݺůζ
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ұΪƾĲǽ˵ģضҪٶȳҵ֣ҵģᣬ˵Ļȴޱȱ䣬û뵽Ȼôˣȷʵʼδ
ʵ棺ʵ̫Ӵ˷ܴȫʤΪκںΪıߡ

˭89(2)

κ磿˵Ŀľ֮Ѻسκ磿̵Ĵҵֱǲ²䣬һɶõ˲ţԭΪáϧǳһŴ罫ҵָ˹ȥ
ԶϽΧһ࣬ĻǵֲӦ˵ĵ̡΢˫ӷɿ˼ţ̫ܵõĵطֻɽӱӱӾǿƷκǺӱˣ˽ӱ˵˼Ĺʾɺܶࡣ˵˴κ˵ЩʾΪ̫Ч̫ӲŻô˳ȡغӱ
ҴĻǣ˵˼ɡڼϵķ˿ָϲ˼Ȧκ磬ǸѰʱҪ
ɱκ磬㻹㲻ƻʵĳӡƵ̫ӣֻһүԹš߲ͣΣ㹦͹ˣ˵Ļ뼵ޡοԭͲʲô̫ƽүҿ϶˵ţȦסԵظеĽӲȲ˵ġ̫İõؽҵԶʤĶôϵ֮λὫλһչô˵̫ˣĸʶ̹Ȼʵ
ϺȻһʹԭǱݺݵҧһڣ̧ۿƵЦô˵˼ɱڣ
Ǻ룬ϧôҲ᲻ãܺݲġҵĲȻЦֻѱģζ˵ţĺ֮ȴֻһˣ֪ôЩӣµĹ佫ʩ磬ʹֶΡϧ͵ЩƱȫԭⲻ˻ȥ̫Сڲ³ĸˣ
˵̫ķ£ɳ־פضôʵǾϲ⡣üһ壬Ҳ˵˽ű棬Ҫϲ죬̫֮λҲ
ʶԴ谮ΪС¾ͷǰͨĸļӣͼıȴֻ˵ܸ棬±֮ڵĽü˵ϵҲɭÿ£Դʱӵ׽һҵıȨҹеѱĴڸǰ˵ҵǷǣʱʵѵ⣬ƣӦ
̫λӳӣǴȻ֮ҪΪѡȰԪг𣬿һֱҹػδ˺ңֻϧͬעֻΪС
ɲһֱң䵭ƺԴкøУ;УҲһֱϤչ㣬ǡ
ҲϲĿ˵ҲϲңҲܵػ
ɫһᣬԵķ˿ָ⻬£΢Ĵߣã㲻ϲҾͲˣʡ
ҧָһѸȾɫ
ɿЦǸΪŪҺҲҧġ
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񡭡Ҳͼȴֹ
ʱܻᱻײҽѹ£񱩵ؾסҵĴҵš
ұյЩԺˣֻ֪Ĵ֮ȼȻĺӴˣԵĽʵҲ̡
񡭡Ҫ̵ҿµ޳ָЩһʧƴץһ˿ǣƿҪ
£¡иϵԶԶش
Ҫе̾ѣȴͷҲ̧£
ǸûֹͣȻңңش£ϷǰȺ˵Ҫ£һҪ繫ӡ
ˣٲϷˣĸףΪʲô£
һƿȻݵʱ򣬳ϷҲʮչңһֱµţҲܱܶ
ε̾һٲȥúÿϷˣһȥ
ٲӦһˡ
ȥұΪľֳϣҳǰȥ
תͷ㻹ҪæͲҹȥˡ
޷ҲϷˡ񵭵ػصϵĳʣΪλϴŮװ
Ůӵĳȹ̫ˣҴţ㡭ҺȻͣסȻԳ˵ˣҵʲôǲ㡣
ƺ˵Щʲôסˣֻ˵˾䣺㣬ôô
ǰһüĿϸӭ˹Һʵô
˵Ϸˣǣұؾʵ
¡Ϸʱſ񣬸æǰʩ
΢һ̧֣Ϸ˲ض񡣡
Ҳ֪ģؼһֻ屦һжϷ˳üչض˵屦ʮȴδȢޡТ޺ΪǰЩұ˸˵һ£ȴʼղϴӦ
Ϸ˵˼ǡҶʱЩˡ
ҧïȥȰԲΪϷ˰ƵĿңǶˣ屦ף˵Ļضģԡ
ȫˣȥȰشȢô
ǡϷ˵ͷΣһԡ
ҴӦ㡣΢˫Ŀ˼Ƭ̱ӦˣȻͷ񣬡ҿȥô
㶼ӦϷˣܲȥôЩΡ
Ҿԣ裬ڿʱ磬Ƣ
豭ݸҡ
ллҽӹǳһڣɬһֶصշתò衣
ƽң
ҡ³һ֣ȴ֪˵ֶֻ̧˱
ҲſڣֻͷĬĬ裬һʱ֮䣬ֻü豭ϸ΢졣
̽ʵش磬Ϊ񻹲Ȣף
˲Ķͣһ£ŷ²豭ô
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ҡЩң֪λشֻܱͷ⿴ȥʱѾˣȴδơ
ȢףоͻЩӱܵĶҡ
ңҡԲ𡭡һ㶣Բ֪˵ЩʲôֻܲͣصǸԲش磬ҡ
õǸûй˼⸱飬ǸȻǰǵ˸Ȣ׵ʱˡ
ȢȢش磬ȥɣٹ˼ˡȻĵ˲両ǰµԸһ˿ΪѣĴε㣬ʵڲöá
㯱Ϊʹ࣬ңһǹսҵۣƺҪһֱݣǷһҸĻ᣿
ش硭ҵ۵׷뵵Щпǰ飬ЩһʼͲˡ
·ӦʲôͳҵУȻᡣ
ᣬһǷſ֣ġֻ֣ۡᡢۡϡһһΣʼյȲҵĻգֻش¡
֪أ֪Ũҵĸ飬ҴӲҲǣϵĿݣԶҵļ
§ૣޣޡ
ʣҲޣҲޡ
ȻںڰУǶᡭ

˭90(1)

ºӭȢżС㡣һֵܶȥμ˻񣬳ҲȥأԨҲȥ˺
΢ƽһ󣬲д·ͻʴһֺأۿҪﳤˡԨأΪоܹܣʾǰݵͻʡ
죬꣬ͻѵĹɲóͻĽֵͻ飬ͻͻʡƣǩԼͻС䱦Ժճ˫ʾء
¯ð̴ƣԵ쳣ִͣ𼸸룬գûҷӦ䣬벻ƫеشϵѨλ
ұܵһ˫ȴ˿
ִסĶˣתΣ
ҡҡͷһ֪ûС
ִüͷһ壬ֺ飬һת룬һ壬̼ҵѨλ
һʱȥˣִ򻺻룬һҩ䣺ձ㵽ΪֹһҪȥԺΣȸˡ
лִ򡣡ԺʷסڶԺһ£ִȥıӰߵѾ߽岻ô
ҾͲ֪ˡΪҵһ裬ԺѾͷ˵үȢǸͻʹܳ谮ʱ䣬үȴһҲûȥҹƹ˾ͻԹɲ˰ɣ
ǰЩΪҪͻʽãȻ䰢ʷ࣬ͻ˱Ȼ˼ˡ̾Ϣζӳ£˵ʲôζ
ӣ̾ͻʹͻʹ㡣ҵȲԺ󣬽ңȻ֪ŮһװҲϰ߳ƺΪӡƲ֣Щżؽ͵ȻүδΪҿóүʮֳ谮㣬㻹ʲôأ
谮ңԳһûϻλأϷѾʼˡŮˣܱǷ⣬ʵﶼߡ
̫ˣȥߡֻһУҿ촭ˡ
ӣȥæ
ãһ˾ľֳšΪ˷ҳУԸ˽Ժӵżƽе̨׶Ϊб£ԼʹҶһˣҲܳͨ裬ȥ硣
Ժֻסһˣ˵̤Ժʮľҽͣ԰еļɽԣؿһķһ̸ԶٲһҶ۵ӡ
ףǸӿЩ죬ƺ
繫ӣٲҪǰԺң߽ԺѼ䣬ɫȽźЩô
лٲģöˡҲ˵ţĿתǸӵϣٲλǣ
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ٲҽѧӣ֪ɷϳ½һãӲѹĵĲ죬תͷٲ
Ȼԡٲͷͬ⣬̸ȸˡ
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˵أ侲ĻƹȥΪλڴˣ
ȥһӶ̺£¼ݱҲų¹˵ţ۽Լ⣬ҺҴǰڹ̹Ů֣Բƾڷԣڴ㡭
ҲЩ˸У¹Щ飬ڴϰɡ
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еǱذ˰֣¹еˣطϢˡ
С㣬֪ôʵʵǡ¹عǰץҵֲţʵǹҴĹ
һ㶣Ȼ̲סЦЦˡҿǶʮһ͵ķôܱ峯Ĺ
ȷǹǱСʱһģʱҾһź룡¹ҸţЩˣСŹһģһҲк룡Ȼƣܻͬɺϣ
ȵȣ⾿ô£Ұ˰ͻͻֱ̫ѨеΣ˵ϸЩô
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ҽȥ˵˭֪ΪľòĻ˵һ䡮̫ն槼ϪԽն
¹˵ʵﲢû͵˳ȥ
ǣǸΪλĹһǲ⡣
¹˵ոҪɱ޷ΪòԣȻγذףԼգ
˵ΪòűסҳһͬʱҲһᣬΪԼĳôҾҲᵽʱΪ
¹Ĩ˰᣺ٵԼò󣬸ҲˣŵԣѳѾȥ
ĹҾ֪ˣӴ쾵ۺ͸˸򣣬Ҳɱӡǣˣǹµˣǳ¹쾵ĺӴӺζ
Ӵ˱Ҳƽʮꡣ½֪ǷָҾڽȴִⲻϼ¡¹˶٣һ죬ǱһֱŴӦ빬һºˣҲδòֻǵͷ߳ߵĳǡ
Ǿһҹһӡ֧ŶͷЩεš
ȴֻΪǴһҲԸ빬ڶ꣬Сһʱȥ̽ǡ¹˵ţڴң֮󣬱ұصȴȾزȥˣСҲ֪ȥ򡣡
ҡҡͷ¹ĹºܾʣǣҾԲҪҵˡ
ǡ¹˵ЩʲôȴȻɴۣס졣
ôˣ˳Ŀ⿴ȥվڹԣһֽĪؿǡ
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ԣüͷҲǿң㽫ҧһڵǿԵˡ
㷽ʲôˣֱ˵ʡ
㲻ϲֱ´ɽ㳢ȴҶȻشҵ⣬ûкúչô˲١
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ңãǱ˵˵ġҲĵ飬оâ¶ǰӣͻȥ̸Уͻͻʵĵһ֡Ħ֣ǾȻ㣡
ҡҶʱԶԡ
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תͷȥѿ첽ԺȥнԶıӰĪĲ
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˵ҴӲںʲô֡㣬Ȼڴʱ˲ִٵ׼£ҲֻΪ˸һְɣҵЩʵ¹̸ˣҲΪǸʲô幫Բż飡
ûпڣɫأץֵˡ
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ʵڲ˿̽ҵ˼΢䣬ЦЦſҵ֣תһҷа棬ǣȷʵȫ˵ˣҵ˼ǵµƣ㶼ָơ
ң߱ˣᶨ⽭ɽԭҴµģӦС㣬ҵˣȻҲҵģң㻹˭㻹ܼ˭
Ҳ˵ˣҲҪʲô֣У˵һΣҲʲô峯ĮסǷӿڿ˵ΪҺãʵͲң
˵Ҳ㣿̽һ־סҵ򢣬۾գҲգֱңϬĿƺҪұƵΣ㴩·ߴɫ޻ƵģϲöдϲڣдǺʣϰߴӺǰϲڷзɱĸоϲ÷Ҳϲѩ죬ϲʳû˵û˵©ɣ
ϸҵϲãһ˲ĴͣЩԼע⵽СϸڣȻؼǵá
ֽ뻳УͷҵĶߣɤỺ˵ҪԣҪҵˡ
ҪԣҪˣҵȻӰеȵסĸʹǰһֱǿ˺һҵѾƣˡ
˫ӵңҵļȴһҲůͬӵȴٲҼȡˡ˿Уû̫ĸо䣬䣬ĵף衣
Ƴ޹ķ⣬δݣͷһݺ
ƿӽȥȻˡ
Ϊܣ޹һŮǰӡ
̧ͷͷңһ棬ˡ
òһģΪδҲͬҲΪԼվھǰǰֻԼھеӰ
ǡ㱵ʡ
ӡΣȷʵɣҳʱҲһأ޹Ҳ棬ǰ֮Ů
޹˵ЩʲôһҲˣкȻһƬհסҳһģһŮӡ֮󣬱󹬵
˺һηѣԲ޹ЩȻطˡ˵գҲ˲࣬ľֳ㳯ſȥ
սƵűߣ̤˽Ҫˣɫ̫ãӲô
ҡҲ˵ЩʲôȴȻ۷ֱĿԽңź档
һҵתͷȻĿתض
ҧŤͷȥٿľֳǰȥꡱһָתһ£һѪۡûȥϵˣľֳͷƤȻһʹͷһԭҵһƳӾסˡһͷǱ˺üơ
ˣǶˡϣ飬ǷҲˣ
񡭡ԼɳƵȴȻңһʹ˲ʱĿӿϺͷššҭţ²Ҳʲȥֻÿ಻ԡ
ʵһЩ಻Ǹôǰҳ룬ʵǰңֻǸ߳߳ŮӡҺȻ򣬻еǸˣͲҡ
Ҳ֪λصԼǸСԺģֻ֪쵽ʱκȻһʯͷİ£û⣬ʱˤڵϡ
ͻʹľҵ񾭣ֻܲšţڵϼѵػУһ·ײײϷšҽͷ壬Լؽ˵ĿռУ˵Ķֻƾ豾ܶڰȫĵط˿ڡ
һֱͷڵϣƲ䣬󵽰ҹҹӰҹ峿˪¶Ũ
֪ҵļյЧд㣬ǵĻղ֮
С㣬ˡߵ·š
ҷϵΣ
磬С㡣繪ʩ
һžη飬λͨԤ֪صˡ֪ΪΣҾЩ죬Ƿ
Ŷأһڽϵҡ
ڣڡָŶͷڤ˼롣кȻէ֣㣡磬ǸڽʱΪҺϹӣ
СȻüԡЦ
ࣺҲףΪҪװİ磬Σ˵Ļ
С㣬ҲǼʮȴ֮ˣǵ֮֮࣬ȴضܵϾ֮λֻǸ֮ʵΣǵ˵˵ǷʵСӦ

˭91(2)

ǣضΪأ뵽ʵ˵֮ˣƵľ˭
Ӧ֪Լɣ粻ʡ
ûʵԸ棺Ӧ֪Ǵһǧˡ
Ȼ֪ǣȷʵҲĪĹ
˻
ȷʵһŮӤŮӤпź롭
ҴĻкιϵ
ŮӤ㱻˱תۼѳŮҳ˫ҲҵĸԴ绺˵ʮʱ㱻ȼ޸һϡͷ檣̣Ӳ˵ÿջܶ򣬹ӡǧ࣬˳˭֪;Ȼ¥Ϊ糾֮ˣ֦ҶȻ˽ѣ
ҵȻһһᣬЩҪֵĸо˵ĲңȻͬܣأ
¥ŮӣҲɡһգ֪и˵ʯʯ䣬Խʬ廹ꡣ֪ǻԵɺϣʹȻҵʯͷԼѪʯ䣬ԸԼʮ٣öݵİͬؿңӦúԸȻˣԸ뿪Ǹĵط
ȴʱգһսô˵ȥԭڵǸʱգ
ǡ
ΪʲôңҽԼȴͣð亹
Ϊ˵ǰ
Ҳ˵ΪòҸԾԼԸöʮȡԼȻԼǼٵشϢţڣԸԳȡǸʱҵĸĸҸšԶҲزȥֻܶһİô
һҪжԹŻԼԼȡҸ
ˡҳĬ˵òƽҲٴ䣬ԼǸ硣
Ҷʮȥô૵Ҳѽ
翪ңС㣬Ҳعģⶼˡ
ҷʣô
ͷ˰
ˡ̵仰ĨɱУųȴ仰ӱʵҿЦʧ顣Ϊ¸˲ߵ£Ϊ̹Ȼ˲ȷѡ񡪶ңѡһأ
ռֵżҵŮǰ¸㣬Ͳ֪˭ˡ
ΣҸеסΰѣֱ壬ֻΪ˸Щɣ
ǣүΪСȵġֻһ£óĲڿԿʼˡ
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ʶƮƮƮҲ޷ֵ糱ˮӿƣ˯⡣
˼ڰ׹ȥУʹͿֲ֮С
εǶˣ˫۴͵ֱǰͬһûǣԶֹͣƵģһһε£Ϣ
ٺٺ١ÿ£һͷ׷ݿµͷſˮ͵ؽ˵ڵأ˺ҵ·ʹ˹
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Ѿͷ㲻Ҫװѹһˮϣһûȫѹµıӱ˦ҳϡʹʹʹ
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˭92(1)

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硢ԪֵܡУŽǲʣȴܲ壡һʹȴһԲǳЦ
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˭93(2)

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˭94(1)

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лӳҲüĿʣ˿̶ҵȴʮֺɵʧǵ飬ü漴ȡɴתߡתԺӵʱҲͷƳһۣȻԭһԳճյעҡ
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